In older adults, mild thickening, calcification, or both of a trileaflet aortic valve without restricted leaflet motion (i.e., aortic sclerosis) affects about 25% of the population older than 65 years. Calcific aortic stenosis (Fig. 1) , however, affects approximately 2% to 3% of those older than 75 years.alcific aortic stenosis, formerly referred to as degenerative, affects trileaflet aortic valves, often in patients with other risk factors for atherosclerotic disease. The aortic valve leaflets undergo an active disease process, with lipid deposition, inflammation, and osteo-calcific changes.
The three most common toxic weeds to horses that may be contained in hay are: Hoary alyssum, wild parsnip and poison hemlock. 1  Hoary alyssum - Hoary alyssum is a perennial weed. 2  Wild parsnip - Wild parsnip is mainly found in ditches and fields and is a biennial and is poisonous to horses. 3  Poison hemlock - Poison hemlock is poisonous to horses.
Planting Parsnips. Parsnip have developed a reputation for being difficult to germinate, which in part is fair. There are, however, several things you can do to improve your parsnip seed germination rate.Parsnip seed, unlike many vegetable seeds, do not keep well and so only use fresh seed from last yearâs crop or new packets.o increase your chances of a parsnip seedling every few centimeters, plant 3 seeds per station. You can always thin the rows if you have too many seedlings, so sow closer if you have enough seed. You want to end up with a plant every 15cm (6in).