regulations, and therefore, lab facilities operating in these states are termed CLIA-exempt.1 While many states follow or adopt the CLIA regulations for lab facil - ity and personnel requirements by reference, multiple states impose additional requirements beyond the CLIA prerequisites to operate a lab facility or collection station within the state. Several of these states impose the same or similar state requirements upon out-of-state labs testing specimens collected or received from patients in the state.
Bowel dysfunction. Injury to and disorders of the CNS affect bowel function in various ways, depending on the location and severity of the damage. Spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, and myelomeningocele. The pathophysiology of NBD is much the same for SCI, MS, and MMC, even though the nature of the insult differs.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a broad term that describes conditions with chronic or recurring immune response and inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract.The two most common inflammatory bowel diseases are ulcerative colitis and Crohnâs disease.Inflammation affects the entire digestive tract in Crohnâs disease and only the large intestine in ulcerative colitis. Both illnesses are characterized by an abnormal response to the bodyâs immune system.he two most common inflammatory bowel diseases are ulcerative colitis and Crohnâs disease. Inflammation affects the entire digestive tract in Crohnâs disease and only the large intestine in ulcerative colitis. Both illnesses are characterized by an abnormal response to the bodyâs immune system.