A period of time in which all factors of production and costs are variable. In the long run, firms are able to adjust all costs, whereas in the short run firms are only able to influence prices through adjustments made to production levels.Additionally, whereas firms may be a monopoly in the short-term they may expect competition in the long-term.ong-Run Average Total Cost-LRATC. Firms examining the long run understand that they cannot alter levels of production in order to reach an equilibrium between supply and demand.
In the embryonic development of vertebrates, pharyngeal pouches form on the endodermal side between the pharyngeal arches. The pharyngeal grooves (or clefts) form the lateral ectodermal surface of the neck region to separate the arches.The pouches line up with the clefts, and these thin segments become gills in fish.n the embryonic development of vertebrates, pharyngeal pouches form on the endodermal side between the pharyngeal arches. The pharyngeal grooves (or clefts) form the lateral ectodermal surface of the neck region to separate the arches.
The pharynx is the part of the throat that lies between the mouth and the larynx or voice box.Mentioned in: Sore Throat, Swallowing Disorders, Velopharyngeal Insufficiency. , pl. pharynges (far'ingks, fÄ-rin'jÄz) [TA].n swallowing, the uvula lifts up, closing off the nasopharynx as food passes from the mouth through the lower parts of the pharynx to the esophagus. On each side of the entrance to the pharynx from the mouth, and behind the nasal passage, are the tonsils and adenoids, masses of lymphoid tissue.