Notes.  1 Fort Laramie Treaty, 1868.. 2  Suzan Shown Harjo (2014). 3  448 U.S. 371 (1980) 4  Jim Underwood ; producers, Mike Feduk, Darrell Wheaton (Director) (1986).
Prevalence of Kidney Stones The lifetime incidence of kidney stones is nearly 13 percent in men and 7 percent in women. Once an individual has formed a stone, the likelihood of recurrence is 50 percent or greater at five years and up to 80 percent at 10 years.
Kidney stones are a formation of hardened minerals in the kidneys or urinary system. In most cases, kidney stones are formed because of a decrease in urine volume or increase in the minerals that form the stones in the urine. About 1 in every 20 people will have a kidney stone in their lifetime.Three times more men will have kidney stones than women and they are more common in Caucasians.n most cases, kidney stones are formed because of a decrease in urine volume or increase in the minerals that form the stones in the urine. About 1 in every 20 people will have a kidney stone in their lifetime. Three times more men will have kidney stones than women and they are more common in Caucasians.