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Mitochondria are unusual organelles. They act as the power plants of the cell, are surrounded by two membranes, and have their own genome. They also divide independently of the cell in which they reside, meaning mitochondrial replication is not coupled to cell division.
Mitochondria are called the power plants of the cell because they use energy from organic compounds to make ATP (adenosine triphosphate). ATP is the cell's energy source that is used for such things such as movement and cell division. cristae: Inner membrane folds of the mitochondrion. 2  matrix: Fluid-filled inside of the mitochondrion. 3  mitochondria (singular, mitochondrion): Organelle in eukaryotic cells that makes energy available to the cell in the form of ATP molecules.