The field of engineering involving computer-based hardware and software systems, and communication systems, to enable the acquisition, representation, storage, transmission, and use of information.
Challenges Facing Higher Education in the Twenty-First Century Ami Zusman The twenty-first century has brought with it profound challenges to the nature, values, and control of higher education in the United States. Societal expectations and public resources for higher education are undergoing fundamental shifts.
America had the problem of a surplus of goods not a shortage of materials. The US economy of the late 1800s was producing more goods than Americans could consume. Farmers complained that excess population resulted in declining crop prices and profits.