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Particles that are small compared with the light wavelength scatter blue light more strongly than red light. Because of this, the tiny gas molecules that make up our Earthâs atmosphere (mostly oxygen and nitrogen) scatter the blue portion of sunlight in all directions, creating an effect that we see as a blue sky. Within the visible range of light, red light waves are scattered the least by atmospheric gas molecules.
The Blue Ice, photo by Charles Bonham. The Causes of Color answers the question: What causes the blue color that sometimes appears in snow and ice? As with water, this color is caused by the absorption of both red and yellow light (leaving light at the blue end of the visible light spectrum). The absorption spectrum of ice is similar to that of water, except that hydrogen bonding causes all peaks to shift to lower energy â making the color greener.