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The molecular formula of citric acid is C 6 H 8 O 7. The chemical formula for citric acid is best shown by a diagram of its complete structural formula. This shows how the atoms are arranged in the molecule. Citric acid has three carboxyl or-COOH groups and is triprotic in nature.
Diprotic acids, such as sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4), carbonic acid (H 2 CO 3), hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), chromic acid (H 2 CrO 4), and oxalic acid (H 2 C 2 O 4) have two acidic hydrogen atoms. Triprotic acids, such as phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4) and citric acid (C 6 H 8 O 7), have three.There is usually a large difference in the ease with which these acids lose the first and second (or second and third) protons.urthermore, most of the OH-ion comes from the first step, and most of the HCO 3 - ion formed in this step remains in solution. Triprotic Acids. Our techniques for working diprotic acid or diprotic base equilibrium problems can be applied to triprotic acids and bases as well.