May, 2005 Advanced Physics Laboratory. Alpha Ray Spectroscopy. 1. Introduction. In radioactive Î± decay, a nucleus with Z protons and a total of A nucleons decays to a lower energy. state with (Z-2, A-4) by emission of an âÎ± particleâ, a tightly bound nuclear fragment comprising 2. protons and 2 neutrons.
Insurance underwriters must achieve a balance between risky and cautious decisions. If underwriters allow too much risk, the insurance company will pay out too many claims. But if they don't approve enough applications, the company will not make enough money from premiums. Most insurance underwriters specialize in one of three broad fields: life, health, and property and casualty.
Underwriting expenses are the costs that an insurance company must pay to remain in operation. These costs are subtracted from the income of insurance companies to calculate net profit. Underwriting expenses can include a wide variety of costs. These expenses are also used by insurance companies to calculate the expense ratio, which is a ratio used to determine the percentage of premiums earned in a given period that must go to underwriting expwnses.