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Abstract. A nonsense mutation occurs when a sense codon, one that codes for an amino acid, is changed to one of the chainâtermination codons, UAG, UAA or UGA. A nonsense suppressor can result from a second mutation affecting the translational apparatus. This mutation enables the cell to insert an amino acid in response to the nonsense codon, resulting in a wildâtype or near wildâtype phenotype. Some suppressor mutations change the anticodon of a transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) such that it can pair with the nonsense codon.
Mutations can also occur in which nucleotide base pairs are inserted into or deleted from the original gene sequence. This type of gene mutation is dangerous because it alters the template from which amino acids are read. Nonsense Mutation: This type of mutation alters the nucleotide sequence so that a stop codon is coded for in place of an amino acid. 2  A stop codon signals the end of the translation process and stops protein production.