Organic acids are ubiquitous throughout the field of chemistry. Whether used as a solvent, a substrate, a strong acid, or in a catalytic amount as a Bronsted acid source, organic acids are as commonplace as glassware for the researcher.
In the equation, p 2 represents the frequency of the homozygous genotype AA, q 2 represents the frequency of the homozygous genotype aa, and 2pq represents the frequency of the heterozygous genotype Aa. In addition, the sum of the allele frequencies for all the alleles at the locus must be 1, so p + q = 1.
1 The frequency of the dominant allele in the population. 2  Answer: The frequency of the dominant (normal) allele in the population (p) is simply 1 - 0.02 = 0.98 (or 98%). 3  The percentage of heterozygous individuals (carriers) in the population. The frequency of each allele in the population. 2  Answer: Since MM = p 2, MN = 2pq, and NN = q 2, then p (the frequency of the M allele) must be the square root of 0.49, which is 0.7. 3  Since q = 1 - p, then q must equal 0.3.