The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material found in all living organisms and is found in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the chloroplasts and mitochondria. In prokaryotes, the DNA is not enclosed in a membranous envelope.
A program written in a compiled language is first translated to machine language by another program called a compiler. The compiler parses each statement in the program and outputs an equivalent sequence of machine or assembly instructions.
From the program in its human-readable form of source code, a compiler can derive machine codeâa form consisting of instructions that the computer can directly execute. Alternatively, a computer program may be executed with the aid of an interpreter. A part of a computer program that performs a well-defined task is known as an algorithm.