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Neurons have three main parts: 1  Cell body or Soma: it is the main part of the cell, the one that makes all metabolism and functions. It is very similar to other body cells, except for the difference that neurons do not replicate.  Axon: it is the longest and most important part of the neuron, it transmit the impulse.
The nucleus of a neuron is the organelle found inside the soma (cell body) that contains the genetic material (DNA). 3 people found this useful.Edit. Share to: 1  Biology 101: The Nucleus and Its Responsibilities The nucleus of a cell is like the heart and brain of a cell rolled in to one. The Core of Life: The Cell Nucleus The atomic nucleus at the heart of the atom, with its easily visualized relationship to protons and neutrons, is known to many. 2  The nucleus of a cell, however, as studied in 3  â¦. The Five Major Parts of the Brain At its most basic, the brain controls the body.