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Abstract. A nonsense mutation occurs when a sense codon, one that codes for an amino acid, is changed to one of the chainâtermination codons, UAG, UAA or UGA. A nonsense suppressor can result from a second mutation affecting the translational apparatus. This mutation enables the cell to insert an amino acid in response to the nonsense codon, resulting in a wildâtype or near wildâtype phenotype. Some suppressor mutations change the anticodon of a transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) such that it can pair with the nonsense codon.
Silent mutations are point mutations that do not change the amino acid sequence of the protein. These are most likely to have no effect. Redundancy of the Genetic Code reduces the chance that point mutations that result in a change in the third nucleotide of a codon will alter the specified amino acid.