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ï§Carbon-based molecules are called organic compounds. ï§â¯By sharing electrons, carbon can ââ¯bond to four other atoms and ââ¯branch in up to four directions. ï§â¯compounds composed of only carbon and hydrogen are called hydrocarbons. ï§â¯A carbon skeleton is a chain of carbon atoms that can be ââ¯branched or ââ¯unbranched.
For example, glucose, galactose, fructose are some of the common molecules with six carbon atoms. For example, glucose has four hydroxyl groups and has the following structure. These are further divided based on whether they have an aldehyde group or a ketone group. Hexose is the group of monosaccharides with six carbon atoms whereas pentose is the group of monosaccharides with five carbon atoms. â¢Hexose molecules have more chiral centers than pentose molecules.