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# of neutrons = Mass Number - Number of Protons. To be able to apply this formula, refer to the atomic number and atomic weight of the elements. These two are listed in the Periodic Table of Elements. Take note that atomic number refers to the number of protons in an atom of an element.
Atomic number and mass number. The atomic number of an atom is the number of protons it contains. All the atoms of a particular element have the same atomic number (number of protons). The atoms of different elements have different numbers of protons. For example, all oxygen atoms have 8 protons and all sodium atoms have 11 protons. The mass number of an atom is the total number of protons and neutrons it contains. The mass number of an atom is never smaller than the atomic number. It can be the same, but is usually bigger.