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# of neutrons = Mass Number - Number of Protons. To be able to apply this formula, refer to the atomic number and atomic weight of the elements. These two are listed in the Periodic Table of Elements. Take note that atomic number refers to the number of protons in an atom of an element.
Subtract the charge from the atomic number for positive ions. When an ion has a positive charge, the atom has lost electrons. To calculate the remaining number of electrons, you subtract the amount of extra charge from the atomic number. In the case of a positive ion, there are more protons than electrons.ocate the elementâs atomic number. Atomic number is the number of protons that make up a single atom of that element. The atomic number can be found above the element symbol, in the upper left-hand corner of the square. Protons are positively charged particles in the nucleus of an atom.