A blood alcohol concentration (BAC) or blood alcohol level (BAL) reflects the amount of alcohol in the body. Food, type and quantity of beverage, weight, sex, and rate of elimination determine the BAC after the consumption of alcohol.
The process of oxygen transfer in the gills of a fish is a good example of the benefits of countercurrent exchange. As oxygen poor blood meets an opposed flow of oxygen rich water, the oxygen begins to diffuse out of the water and into the blood stream.
Gulf Stream: the warm ocean current of the North Atlantic. It originates in the westward equatorial current and is deflected northward by the coast of South America into the Gulf of Mexico and then follows the coast of North America to Nantucket, where it is deflected eastward toward northern Europe