The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material found in all living organisms and is found in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the chloroplasts and mitochondria. In prokaryotes, the DNA is not enclosed in a membranous envelope.
A program written in a compiled language is first translated to machine language by another program called a compiler. The compiler parses each statement in the program and outputs an equivalent sequence of machine or assembly instructions.
Machine and assembly languages. A machine language consists of the numeric codes for the operations that a particular computer can execute directly. The codes are strings of 0s and 1s, or binary digits (âbitsâ), which are frequently converted both from and to hexadecimal (base 16) for human viewing and modification.