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Neurons have three main parts: 1  Cell body or Soma: it is the main part of the cell, the one that makes all metabolism and functions. It is very similar to other body cells, except for the difference that neurons do not replicate.  Axon: it is the longest and most important part of the neuron, it transmit the impulse.
The nucleus of a neuron is the organelle found inside the soma (cell body) that contains the genetic material (DNA).3 people found this useful. Edit. Share to: 1  Shining a Light on Addiction The National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) says that about 1.4 million U.S. citizens are addicted to cocaine. neuron is the basic unit of structure and function in the nervous  system. The neurons function is to conduct electrochemical  impulses.