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A: I would like to answer your question as a general discussion of flux-cored welding. The American Welding Society (AWS) classifies all tubular electrodes having a flux on the inside as flux-cored wires, and calls it the Flux Cored Arc Welding (FCAW) process. All flux-cored wires have some similar characteristics. These include forming a protective slag over the weld, use a drag angle technique, have the ability to weld out-of-position or flat and horizontal only at higher deposition rates (depending on type of wire), ability to handle contaminants on the plate, etc.
By doing so, weld current and force is focused into the small area of the projection, and heat is obtained from the resistance to the flow of the welding current. Due to this heat, the projections collapse and the parts are weld together. Another successful welding technique is capacitor discharge stud welding, which uses weld studs or specially formed bolts for welding instead of projections.