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1 E layer: The next layer beyond the D layer is called the E layer. 2  This exists at an altitude of between 100 and 125 km. 3  Instead of acting chiefly as an attenuator, this layer reflects radio signals although they still undergo some attenuation.
Radio waves are reflected by many solid objects, such as wood, stone, and notably metal, allowing the use of microwaves in radar applications. Also importantly in broadcast radio, the ionosphere (an upper layer of the Earth's atmosphere) can bounce signals back down to locations beyond the line-of-sight horizon. 3 people found this useful.