Panic attacks and panic disorder may be caused by an imbalance of brain chemicals or a family history of panic disorder. They sometimes happen with no clear cause. Panic attacks may also be brought on by: 1  A health problem such as an overactive thyroid ( hyperthyroidism ), or heart or breathing problems. 2  Depression or another mood disorder. 3  Alcohol abuse. 4  Using too much nicotine or too much caffeine. 5  Taking certain medicines, such as those used to treat asthma and heart problems.
(1) Learning occurs when people construct their own knowledge by connecting new information with prior knowledge; (2) Learning grows out of social interaction; (3) Learning lasts when learners are actively engaged with information. Lectures can be part of a constructivist based lesson as long as it addresses these tenets. Certain practices such as well structured group work, reflection, and think-pair-share are also often reflective of constructivist theory.
Learning theories are conceptual frameworks describing how information is absorbed, processed, and retained during learning.Cognitive, emotional, and environmental influences, as well as prior experience, all play a part in how understanding, or a world view, is acquired or changed and knowledge and skills retained.utside the realm of educational psychology, techniques to directly observe the functioning of the brain during the learning process, such as event-related potential and functional magnetic resonance imaging, are used in educational neuroscience.