The difference between MSRP sticker price (retail price) and invoice price (wholesale price) is a dealerâs potential profit margin, assuming vehicles sell at sticker price â ignoring other costs, charges, or rebates he might receive. This dollar margin, as a percentage of sticker price, is not the same on all vehicles.he difference between MSRP sticker price (retail price) and invoice price (wholesale price) is a dealerâs potential profit margin, assuming vehicles sell at sticker price â ignoring other costs, charges, or rebates he might receive. This dollar margin, as a percentage of sticker price, is not the same on all vehicles.
In cases of dehydration, BUN may increase in a higher proportion than the creatinine. A normal BUN-to-creatinine ratio is between 10 to 1 and 20 to 1. (For example, a BUN of 14 and a creatinine of 1.2 would be a ratio of 12.) In cases of dehydration, the BUN-to-creatinine ratio may be higher than 20 to 1, as the kidney responds by making the urine more concentrated.
The BUN/Creatinine ratio is useful in the differential diagnosis of acute or chronic renal disease. Reduced renal perfusion, e.g., congestive heart failure, or recent onset of urinary tract obstruction will result in an increase in BUN/Creatinine ratio. Increased urea formation also results in an increase in the ratio, e.g., gastrointestinal bleeding, trauma, etc. When there is decreased formation of urea as seen in liver disease, there is a decrease in the BUN/Creatinine ratio. In most cases of chronic renal disease the ratio remains relatively normal.