A: Not at all. You do not need a cosigner to get the Stafford Loan. Stafford loans are offered by the government under the financial student aid program and therefore do not require the applicant to have a co-signer to sign the contract. Cosigner is only required at the time of withdrawing a private loan.
Bismuth is a crystalline, brittle metal that is silvery-white with an iridescent hue. As an elemental metal, its number is 83 on the Periodic Table. Bismuth is often lab-created. Rainbow colored Bismuth can be a wonderful stone to use for focus, visualization and shamanic journeying.
Hopper crystals develop because their outer edges grow more quickly than their faces (Skerlec). These crystals also form a thin layer of bismuth oxide on their surface which is very colorful (Behner). The size and color intensity of these crystals depends on the purity of the bismuth (Behner). In order to achieve good results, at least 99.99% pure bismuth should be used (Gray 2003).