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Most ultrasound exams require no preparation, with a few exceptions: 1  For some ultrasound exams, such as of the gallbladder, your doctor may ask that you not eat or drink for up to 6 hours before the exam.
There are two ways of doing an ultrasound scan. In early pregnancy, especially before 11 weeks, it is usual to have a trans-vaginal (internal) scan, where a probe is placed in the vagina. This gives the clearest and most accurate picture in early pregnancy. It may also be offered after 11 or 12 weeks if a trans-abdominal scan doesnât give a clear enough picture. From 11 or 12 weeks, including at the routine booking-in scan, it is more common to have a trans-abdominal scan.