Consequences of Financial Hardship Withdrawals. Your financial hardship withdrawal is subject to Federal income tax and, in some cases, state income tax. If you are younger than 59Â½, you may have to pay a 10% early withdrawal penalty tax.
The âpresidential-parliamentary systemâ of the Fifth Republic carries over the institutions of the previous republics, incorporating elements of the conventional presidential system and parliamentary system.
In modern republics the executive is legitimized both by a constitution and by popular suffrage. In his work, The Spirit of the Laws, Montesquieu classified both democracies, where all the people have a share in rule, and aristocracies, where only some of the people rule, as republican forms of government.