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The Rockwell hardness test is the most used and versatile of the hardness tests. For soft materials such as copper alloys, soft steel, and aluminum alloys a 1/16 diameter steel ball is used with a 100-kilogram load and the hardness is read on the B scale.
Hardness is a measure of how easily a material can be scratched or indented. Hard materials are often also very brittle - this means they have a low resistance to impact . Well known hard materials include diamond and hardened high carbon steels. Same units as for tensile strength. The methods used for testing hardness are the Brinell test which uses a hardened steel ball and produces a hardness number HB which can be used to compare the hardness of materials.