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Memory-like effects in brain reward pathway could contribute to drug addiction. The effects of nicotine upon brain regions involved in addiction mirror those of cocaine, according to new neuroscience research. A single 15-minute exposure to nicotine caused a long-term increase in the excitability of neurons involved in reward, according to a study published in The Journal of Neuroscience.
6.3 Psychoactive effects of nicotine. In addition to the physical effects outlined in the previous section, nicotine also has acute effects on a smoker's mental state. Nicotine has biphasic brain effects, that is, it can improve alertness by stimulating brain function and also produce a feeling of relaxation by depressing functioning.