Say is the average increase in shoe size for upper-class people compared to middle-class people: then the Wald test can be used to test whether is 0 (in which case social class has no association with shoe size) or non-zero (shoe size varies between social classes).
There are many different species of vultures and each has a different type of habitat. Turkey vultures are the most prominent of the New World vultures and can be found in Southern Canada, the Continental United States, Mexico, Central America and South America. These vultures live in small caves, beneath bushes, in hollowed out logs, and sometimes in abandoned structures.
Raptors and Vultures. Two species of vulture occur in Florida, the turkey vulture (Cathartes aura) and the black vulture (Coragyps atratus). Turkey vultures have reddish heads while the heads of black vultures are black. The turkey vulture holds its wings in a slight V while soaring, whereas the black vulture's wings are held straight.