They fix nitrogen from dinitrogen (N2) in the air using the enzyme nitrogenase, in order to provide the cells in the filament with nitrogen for biosynthesis. Nitrogenase is inactivated by oxygen, so the heterocyst must create a microanaerobic environment.
Vitamin B12 is an especially important vitamin for maintaining healthy nerve cells, and it helps in the production of DNA and RNA, the body's genetic material. Vitamin B12 works closely with vitamin B9, also called folate or folic acid, to help make red blood cells and to help iron work better in the body.
Vitamin B 12, also known as cobalamin, is crucial for DNA synthesis in cells undergoing rapid turnover, such as hematopoietic and enteric lining cells. It is also vital to optimal function of the immune system.B 12 is stored in the liver, but it can take 5 to 10 years for a person to become B 12 deficient due to malabsorption; however, demand for B 12 markedly increases during times of physical stress, which depletes stores as well.t is also vital to optimal function of the immune system. B 12 is stored in the liver, but it can take 5 to 10 years for a person to become B 12 deficient due to malabsorption; however, demand for B 12 markedly increases during times of physical stress, which depletes stores as well.