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Surface mining is a highly-regulated, highly-sophisticated mining method used to mine coal that is near the surface of the earth.It relies on advanced hydrological and civil engineering techniques to safely extract coal in an environmentally and economically responsible manner.his rock is then placed on previously mined areas, or within engineered âfillâ areas. The cut and fill process used in surface mining is the same process that has been used for years in highway construction and real estate development projects.
Mining is classified by the method needed to reach the coal seam. When the coal is found close to the Earth's crust and taking away the overlying layers of material is not too expensive, surface mining is used to remove the top layers of materials and expose the coal.If coal is found in layers far from the surface, underground mining is the preferred technique.Vertical or slanted holes (shafts) are cut down to the mining area underground for ventilation for the workers and for transporting the miners, equipment, and coal.ining is classified by the method needed to reach the coal seam. When the coal is found close to the Earth's crust and taking away the overlying layers of material is not too expensive, surface mining is used to remove the top layers of materials and expose the coal.