Biology of bacterial inclusion bodies. Bacterial inclusion bodies (IBs) are protein aggregates that have been commonly observed in recombinant Escherichia coli since the implementation of recombinant DNA technologies.
How is the lower atmosphere warmed from the surface upward? The lower atmosphere is warmed from the surface upward by ground temperature. As the ground warms up, the heat rises and causes warmer temperatures.
Thus vertical air motions act to heat the lower atmosphere and cool the higher. The combined effect of those, as a few people mentioned, is that temperature on the average decreases with altitude in the troposphere-at a rate of 6.5 Â°C per km (3.6 Â°F per 1000 ft.). Yet the lapse rate varies depending on conditions.