Tests for voltage input thresholds can be used to make important distinctions about the characteristics of a device during validation, as well as the quality of a device during production test.
Process-oriented programming is a programming paradigm that separates the concerns of data structures and the concurrent processes that act upon them.
Typical methods will give you more complex information about the data the object contains, or will vend new objects of the same type, based on the method and parameters called. This is the most clear distinction (in my mind) between functional programming and object-oriented programming.