Medication Summary. Topical antibiotics, systemic antibiotics, or a combination of both is effective therapy for impetigo. Empiric bacterial coverage is aimed at eradicating Staphylococcus aureus and group A beta-hemolytic streptococci (GABHS; also known as Streptococcus pyogenes).
In chemistry, the valence or valency of an element is a measure of its combining power with other atoms when it forms chemical compounds or molecules. The concept of valence was developed in the second half of the 19th century and was successful in explaining the molecular structure of inorganic and organic compounds.
The valence electrons of an atom are those electrons that are in its outer energy shell or that are available for bonding. The American chemist Gilbert Newton Lewis (1875-1946) introduced a useful way to represent electrons in the valence shell of an atom. For elements in Groups IIIA through VIIIA the outermost s and p electrons in the highest energy shell are valence electrons. 2  For transition elements the valence electrons are those in the outermost s sub-shell and in the d sub-shell of the next to outermost energy shell.