Bickerstaff's encephalitis is a rare inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system, first described by Edwin Bickerstaff in 1951. It may also affect the peripheral nervous system, and has features in common with both Miller Fisher syndrome and GuillainâBarrÃ© syndrome. 1  1 Signs and symptoms.  2 Pathophysiology.
Pathophysiology. Tears are produced in the lacrimal gland and drain through the upper and lower puncta into the canaliculi and then into the lacrimal sac and nasolacrimal duct (see Figure: Anatomy of the lacrimal system. ). Obstruction of tear drainage can lead to stasis and infection.
Tears are made primarily by the lacrimal gland, which is anatomically located under the outer one-third of the upper eyelid. With each blink, the eyelid spreads tears over the surface of the eye and pumps excess tears towards ducts in both the upper and lower eyelids.ears are made primarily by the lacrimal gland, which is anatomically located under the outer one-third of the upper eyelid. With each blink, the eyelid spreads tears over the surface of the eye and pumps excess tears towards ducts in both the upper and lower eyelids.