It is highly unlikely that pears could cause constipation, and in fact they are likely to have the opposite effect. Due to the high amount of fiber that pears contain, they are sometimes used as a remedy for constipation.
An underwriter is a company or other entity that administers the public issuance and distribution of securities from a corporation or other issuing body.
Underwriters are also a part of the initial public offering (IPO) process in the equity market, and are part of the insurance application process. Therefore, an underwriter is any entity that is responsible for evaluating and assuming another entity's risk, for a fee such as a commission, premium, spread or interest.