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When the ventricles contract, atrioventricular valves close to prevent blood from flowing back into the atria. When the ventricles relax, semilunar valves close to prevent blood from flowing back into the ventricles.
Four valves are present in the heart to prevent blood from flowing in the wrong direction. Two of these are the atrioventricular (AV) valves between the atria and ventricles. The left AV valve is called the bicuspid (or mitral) valve, while the right AV valve is called the tricuspid valve. The other two are the semilunar valves: one between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery and the other between the left ventricle and the aorta.