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The missing or altered X chromosome of Turner syndrome causes errors during fetal development and other developmental problems after birth â short stature, ovarian failure and learning disabilities. Physical characteristics and health complications that arise from the chromosomal error vary greatly.
Knowledge center. Turner syndrome, also known as Turners syndrome, Ullrich-Turner syndrome or Gonadal dysgenesis, is a chromosomal disorder that affects only females. It is characterized by the absence of part or all of a second sex chromosome in some or all cells. Approximately 1 in every 2,500 to 3,000 girls is born with the condition. People without Turner syndrome have 46 chromosomes, of which 2 are sex chromosomes. Females have two X chromosomes. In people with Turner syndrome, one of those sex chromosomes is either missing or has other abnormalities-the chromosome may be missing in some cells but not in others (mosaicism or Turner mosaicism).