Cholera Toxins. Produced by Vibrio cholerae, cholera toxin (CT) is a multimeric enterotoxin that transfers ADP-ribose to a G protein, locking adenylate cyclase in an 'on' position.
echinoderm. n. 1. (Animals) any of the marine invertebrate animals constituting the phylum Echinodermata, characterized by tube feet, a calcite body-covering (test), and a five-part symmetrical body. The group includes the starfish, sea urchins, and sea cucumbers.ny of various invertebrate sea animals having a hard spiny outer covering, an internal skeleton, and a radially symmetrical body. Starfish, sea urchins, and sea cucumbers are echinoderms.
Skeletal Composition. Echinodermata means spiny skinned.. Surprisingly, the external spines are composed of the same material as the internal skeleton. Calcium carbonate and protein form the rigid inner skeleton, or ossicles, of echinoderms.The exoskeleton is composed of soft, spongelike micro-structures called stereom.he uniform symmetry of echinoderms sets the creatures off from other marine life. All echinoderms are pentameral -- they have limbs in multiples of five. This trait is easily recognizable in starfish and brittle stars with only five limbs.