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Answer Wiki. The ionic charge of oxygen is -2. You can tell because oxygen is in group number 6, so it has 6 valence electrons. Since it needs 2 more electrons to become neutral with a full outer shell of 8 electrons, its charge is -2 (since adding electrons gives a negative charge).
Oxygen = three ions each with a charge of -2 = 3 x -2 = -6. The overall charge of the polyatomic ion is -2. This means that the oxidation number of the carbon must be +4. Total charge = +4 + -6 = -2. Here is a video which discusses this topic by discussing how to determine oxidation numbers of elements in the bicarbonate and dichromate ions. Video from: Noel Pauller.