1 The LLC must pay a fee if the California total income is equal to or greater than $250,000. 2  The LLC must estimate the fee it will owe for the year and make an estimated fee payment. 3  See Estimated Payments below.
Ligand Definition. A ligand is an atom, ion, or molecule that donates or shares one or more of its electrons through a covalent bond with a central atom or ion. It is a complexing group in coordination chemistry that stabilizes the central atom and determines it reactivity.
A ligand is an ion or molecule which exists independently of any complex that it might form. In the complex [Co(NH 3) 6 ] 3+ , the ammonia molecules, which can exist outside of the complex, are acting as ligands.he complex is a combination of a Lewis acid (the central metal atom/ion) and some Lewis bases (the ligands). The main way of classifying ligands is by the number of points at which they are attached to, or bound to, the metal center. This is the denticity.