Price Variance. Definition: Price variance is the actual unit cost of a purchased item, minus its standard cost, multiplied by the quantity of actual units purchased. The price variance formula is: (Actual cost incurred-standard cost) x Actual quantity of units purchased. = Price variance. If the actual cost incurred is lower than the standard cost, this is considered a favorable price variance.
Calcium occurs in water naturally. Seawater contains approximately 400 ppm calcium. One of the main reasons for the abundance of calcium in water is its natural occurrence in the earth's crust.
The heaviest naturally occurring element is uranium, which has 92 protons. Its most common form, or isotope, has 146 neutrons. Scientists have also artificially created most of the other elements between uranium and element 118. The newest element was created in a particle accelerator in Dubna, Russia, that shot a beam of calcium-48 ions (containing 20 protons) into a target of californium 249, an artificial element with 98 protons (map of Russia).