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This unzipping takes place in both directions from the replication origins, creating a replication bubble. The replication is therefore said to be bi-directional. Once the two strands are separated a small piece of RNA, called an RNA primer, is attached to the DNA by an enzyme called DNA primase. These primers are the beginnings of all new DNA chains since the enzyme responsible for the copying of the DNA, DNA polymerase, can not start from scratch.
The RNA is assembled using the enzyme RNA polymerase. This process is called transcription. The DNA template strand is read from the 3' to the 5' end and the mRNA is made from the 5' to the 3' end. During transcription only the coding parts of the DNA are copied (the exons).roteins are used for growth and repair and also as enzymes, in which form they catalyse all other cellular activities. Thus DNA is able to exert a controlling influence over the whole cell and ultimately, the whole organism. The segments of DNA which hold the key to this control are the genes.