: the bodily system that in vertebrates is made up of the brain and spinal cord, nerves, ganglia, and parts of the receptor organs and that receives and interprets stimuli and transmits impulses to the effector organs â compare central nervous system â autonomic nervous system, peripheral nervous system.
Insulin is produced by beta cells of the pancreatic islets in most vertebrates and by the Brockmann body in some teleost fish. Cone snails Conus geographus and Conus tulipa, venomous sea snails that hunt small fish, use modified forms of insulin in their venom cocktails.
Insulin, a hormone produced by the beta cells of your pancreas, regulates carbohydrate and fat metabolism. Insulin is one of four main need-to-know hormones that plays a major role in your metabolism. 1  Itâs released when it senses carbohydrate or protein in your blood as theyâre being digested. 2  It causes your cells to take up glucose to be used for energy or to store either in the liver or muscle as glycogen or in your fat cells as triglycerides.