There's been an epidemic of vitamin D deficiency over the last few decades because we've been avoiding the sun, Volgman says. Other reasons include having a milk allergy, following a strict vegetarian meal plan, and having darker skin (the pigment melanin reduces the skin's ability to make vitamin D from sunlight).
Sacral fractures - Denis classification. Zone 1: Region of the ala. Zone 2: Region of the sacral foramina. Zone 3: Region of central sacral canal. Provide an explanation for key principles and pertinent aspects of the classification. Provide the citation for the landmark article and recent review articles describing the classification.
Sacral Fracture and Dislocation. Patient History. The patient is a 68-year-old female with a history of rheumatoid arthritis, treated for many years with steroids, who suffered a minor fall. She presents with severe sacral area pain and urinary incontinence. She is very tender to palpation over the sacrum and is unable to sit or stand due to the pain.