1 4,18. 2  Shingles in caused by the same virus that causes chickenpox-varicella-zoster virus. 3  Shingles is a painful infection of the nerve supplying an area of skin and is accompanied by a localised skin rash.
The electrons on the outermost energy level of the atom are called valence electrons. The valence electrons are involved in bonding one atom to another. The attraction of each atomâs nucleus for the valence electrons of the other atom pulls the atoms together.
Electrons orbit the nucleus in energy levels, which are also called shells. These energy levels contain sub-shells, or orbitals, each of which holds a certain number of electrons. By looking at the electron configuration for titanium, it is possible to determine how its electrons are arranged. There are two electrons in the s orbital of the first energy level. The second level contains eight electrons, with two in the s orbital and six in the p orbital.