There's been an epidemic of vitamin D deficiency over the last few decades because we've been avoiding the sun, Volgman says. Other reasons include having a milk allergy, following a strict vegetarian meal plan, and having darker skin (the pigment melanin reduces the skin's ability to make vitamin D from sunlight).
Sacral fractures - Denis classification. Zone 1: Region of the ala. Zone 2: Region of the sacral foramina. Zone 3: Region of central sacral canal. Provide an explanation for key principles and pertinent aspects of the classification. Provide the citation for the landmark article and recent review articles describing the classification.
Zone I fractures occur at the wing-like structures of the sacrum (sacral ala) lateral to the neural foramina; this type of fracture can cause lumbar L5 nerve root impingement. Approximately 6% of individuals with Zone I fractures experience neurological injuries (Wheeless).reatment. Stability of the sacral fractures determines the course of treatment. Most sacral fractures are stable, and bed rest is the prescribed treatment along with a sacral corset or brace for comfort while the fracture heals.