1 When the gallstones travel out of the gallbladder into the bile ducts, they block the opening that drains bile and enzymes. The bile and enzymes back up into the pancreas and cause swelling.  Genetics may be a factor in some cases. Sometimes, the cause is not known.
An increased level of the cardiac protein isoform of troponin circulating in the blood has been shown to be a biomarker of heart disorders, the most important of which is myocardial infarction. Raised troponin levels indicate cardiac muscle cell death as the molecule is released into the blood upon injury to the heart.
Increased troponin levels should not be used by themselves to diagnose or rule out a heart attack. A physical exam, clinical history, and ECG are also important. Your healthcare provider may also need to see whether the troponin levels from a series of tests are stably elevated or show a rise over several hours.