Urodynamic testing or urodynamics is a study that assesses how the bladder and urethra are performing their job of storing and releasing urine. Urodynamic tests can help explain symptoms such as:
Some mixtures give rise to the reddish and purplish fall colors of trees such as dogwoods and sumacs, while others give the sugar maple its brilliant orange. The autumn foliage of some trees show only yellow colors. Others, like many oaks, display mostly browns. All these colors are due to the mixing of varying amounts of the chlorophyll residue and other pigments in the leaf during the fall season.
Angiosperms, the second group of trees, have covered seeds and are often called deciduous trees. They drop their leaves each autumn. These aspens, oaks, maples, hickories, ashes, birches, and other trees make our fall forests colorful. Conifers' narrow, tough needles retain moisture and allow the tree to survive in winter when the air is cold and dry. The broad leaves of deciduous trees evaporate a lot of water and use a lot of sap.