The speech standard of the Ming and Qing empires was called Mandarin language by European missionaries, translating the Chinese name Guanhua (the language of the officials) for this speech standard, which was current already in the Ming Dynasty.
Producer gas is made by blowing air through an incandescent fuel bed (commonly coke or coal) in a gas producer. The reaction of fuel with insufficient air for total combustion produces carbon monoxide (CO); this reaction is exothermic and self-sustaining.
Carbon Tetrachloride as found in old style fire extinguishers gives off Phosgene gas when it comes into contact with heat (such as a car fire). This Phosgene gas was used duri â¦ ng World War One to gas troops on the Western Front. 3 people found this useful.