The effect of smoking on gum disease is also dependent on the amount of cigarettes or cigars consumed (both quantity and duration of smoking). Some research in previous decades thought that severe gum disease in smokers was caused by poor dental hygiene, and was made worse by smoking.moking is also a common cause of bad breath and affects the ability for us to be able to taste and smell. Smokerâs melanosis. Smokerâs melanosis is associated with cigarette and pipe smoking, and is seen as brown spots inside the mouth.
Making the world better, one answer at a time. The limitations of the calculated and indirect volume measurement is that its use is limited. It cannot be used in cases whereby a given object is soluble in water or absorbs water. Percent by volume   The words dry measure complicate and confound the question somewhat.     There is no such thing as a dry cup. But there is a dry pint â¦ and a liquid pint. And since you said TWO cups dry measure, that implies a dry pint.
Absolute measurements include indirect measurements, which are based on the measurement of one or more basic quantities (such as length, mass, or time) and on the use of the values of fundamental physical constants in terms of which the physical quantity being measured can be expressed.