1 When the gallstones travel out of the gallbladder into the bile ducts, they block the opening that drains bile and enzymes. The bile and enzymes back up into the pancreas and cause swelling.  Genetics may be a factor in some cases. Sometimes, the cause is not known.
An increased level of the cardiac protein isoform of troponin circulating in the blood has been shown to be a biomarker of heart disorders, the most important of which is myocardial infarction. Raised troponin levels indicate cardiac muscle cell death as the molecule is released into the blood upon injury to the heart.
Normal troponin levels 12 hours after chest pain has started mean a heart attack is unlikely. The examples above are common measurements for results of these tests.Normal value ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories. Some labs use different measurements or test different samples.ost patients who have had a heart attack have increased troponin levels within 6 hours. After 12 hours almost everyone who has had a heart attack will have raised levels. Troponin levels may remain high for 1 to 2 weeks after a heart attack. Increased troponin levels may also be due to: 1  Abnormally fast heart beat.