Urodynamic testing or urodynamics is a study that assesses how the bladder and urethra are performing their job of storing and releasing urine. Urodynamic tests can help explain symptoms such as:
Some mixtures give rise to the reddish and purplish fall colors of trees such as dogwoods and sumacs, while others give the sugar maple its brilliant orange. The autumn foliage of some trees show only yellow colors. Others, like many oaks, display mostly browns. All these colors are due to the mixing of varying amounts of the chlorophyll residue and other pigments in the leaf during the fall season.
Trees use temperature only as a secondary cue; if the fall is cool they hasten the development of their fall color, while if it is warm, they procrastinate and delay it. If global warming results in warmer fall temperatures, either during the day or night, this would tend to delay fall colors to later in the season.