When youâre finished draining, hold the Pleurx catheter with one hand. Make sure the clamp on the drainage bottle is closed. Pull the tip of the drainage line out of the valve in a firm, smooth motion with the other hand (see Figure 11). Set the drainage line down, but keep holding the catheter in one hand.
The adaptive immune system is one of the two main immunity strategies found in vertebrates (the other being the innate immune system). Adaptive immunity creates immunological memory after an initial response to a specific pathogen, leads to an enhanced response to subsequent encounters with that pathogen.This process of acquired immunity is the basis of vaccination.Like the innate system, the adaptive system includes both humoral immunity components and cell-mediated immunity components. Unlike the innate immune system, the adaptive immune system is highly specific to a specific pathogen.he adaptive system response destroys invading pathogens and any toxic molecules they produce. Sometimes the adaptive system is unable to distinguish foreign molecules, the effects of this may be hayfever, asthma or any other allergies. Antigens are any substances that elicit the adaptive immune response.
It is part of the adaptive immune system, which is activated in response to a specific threat, as opposed to the innate immune system, which is continually active but less effective. The other part of the adaptive system is cellular, or cell-mediated, immunity, in which cells release toxins to kill invaders or attack them directly, without the involvement of antibodies.