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It is differentiated from acute kidney disease in that the reduction in kidney function must be present for over 3 months. Chronic kidney disease is identified by a blood test for creatinine, which is a breakdown product of muscle metabolism. Higher levels of creatinine indicate a lower glomerular filtration rate and as a result a decreased capability of the kidneys to excrete waste products.
The cause of chronic kidney disease isn't always known. But any condition or disease that damages blood vessels or other structures in the kidneys can lead to kidney disease. The most common causes of chronic kidney disease are: 1  Diabetes. 2  High blood sugar levels caused by diabetes damage blood vessels in the kidneys.3  If the blood sugar level remains high over many years, this damage gradually reduces the function of the kidneys.4  High blood pressure (hypertension) .he cause of chronic kidney disease isn't always known. But any condition or disease that damages blood vessels or other structures in the kidneys can lead to kidney disease. The most common causes of chronic kidney disease are: 1  Diabetes. 2  High blood sugar levels caused by diabetes damage blood vessels in the kidneys.