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The thyroid gland produces the hormones thyroxine, triiodothyronine, and calcitonin. Thyroxine and triiodothyronine are produced by thyroid folliclar cells. Thyroid cells absorb iodine from certain foods and combine the iodine with tyrosine, an amino acid, to make thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3).
1 Thyroid gland functions include the secretion of two major hormones T3 (also called Triiodothyronine) and T4 (also known as Thyroxine or Tetraiodothyronine). 2  T3 is physiologically more active and more potent than T4.3  T3 and T4 are collectively called thyroid hormones (TH).odine deficiency is the most common cause of goiter which is considered as one of the thyroid diseases. Thyroid hormones (TH) are secreted mainly in response to TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone) released from the pituitary gland.