Vitamin K antagonists (VKA) are a group of substances that reduce blood clotting by reducing the action of vitamin K. They are used as anticoagulant medications in the prevention of thrombosis, and in pest control, as rodenticides. 1  1 Mechanism of action.  2 Coumarins (4-hydroxycoumarins)
Calculate the average atomic mass of oxygen. Solution: ((15.994915*99.757) + (16.999132*0.038) + (17.999160*0.205))/100 = 15.999405 . Using our equation for determining average atomic mass, we see that the average atomic mass for oxygen is 15.999405 amu. If we check the periodic table, we will see that our average atomic mass is the same as the atomic mass indicated on the element oxygen. Ã
However, we cannot predict the amount of nuclear binding energy just by counting the numbers of protons and neutrons. It must be experimentally determined using a mass spectrometer. For example, since the mass of one atom of oxygen-16 is 1.33291 times the mass of one carbon-12 atom, the mass of one oxygen-16 atom should be equal to 1.33291 x 12 = 15.99492 atomic mass units.