Pathology. Pathology is the precise study and diagnosis of disease. The word pathology is from Ancient Greek ÏÎ¬Î¸Î¿Ï, pathos which may be translated into English as either experience or suffering. and -Î»Î¿Î³Î¯Î±, -logia, An account of or the study of.
Red cells contain a special protein called hemoglobin, which helps carry oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body and then returns carbon dioxide from the body to the lungs so it can be exhaled. Blood appears red because of the large number of red blood cells, which get their color from the hemoglobin.
Hemoglobin is the main component of red blood cells and serves as the transporter for oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood. Hemoglobin concentration (Hb) is usually reported as grams of hemoglobin per deciliter of blood (g/dL). Hb is commonly measured by the cyanhemoglobin (hemoglobin cyanide) method. A sample of blood is diluted in a solution of potassium ferricyanide and potassium cyanide, which oxidizes hemoglobin to hemiglobin (Hi; methemoglobin) and then converts it to hemoglobin cyanide (HiCN). The concentration of HiCN is then measured by spectrophotometry.