There is some evidence which suggests that the use of Irish stick weapons may have evolved in a progression from a reliance on long spears and wattles, to shorter spears and wattles, to the shillelagh, alpeen, blackthorn (walking-stick) and short cudgel.
Moreover, most of the associated drugs fatalities including tramadol have been reported with other central nervous system (CNS) depressants, particularly benzodiazepine [9], [10], [11], [13] and [14]. In certain cases, benzodiazepine levels were in the therapeutic range or slightly higher.
While classified as a non-narcotic, Tramadol is, indeed, a narcotic. And, it shares many of the side-effects seen in narcotic drugs, like heroin. Because it shares many of these side-effects, Tramadol addiction is a reality, and can potentially be life-threatening.