âFrance was the most active of the European colonial powers in attempting to maintain a sphere of influence amongst its former territories.â âThis province was a German sphere of influence and Germany dominated the rail lines, factories and coal mines that existed in Shantung.â
Malaria is an infection caused by single-celled parasites that enter the blood through the bite of an Anopheles mosquito. These parasites, called plasmodia, belong to at least five species. Most human infections are caused by either Plasmodium falciparum or Plasmodium vivax.
P. malariae is one of the four species of the genus Plasmodium that uses humans as a primary host. The other three species are P. falciparum, P. vivax, and P. vivale. Plasmodium malariae is the only human malaria parasite species that has a quartan cycle (three-day cycle).