14 Spontaneous Retrieval inProspective Memory MARK A. McDANIEL and GILLES O. EINSTEIN O ur chapter, like others in this volume, focuses on episodic memory.Otherchapters have approached episodic memory as a process or system topreserve an individualâs mental record of his or her past.instein, & M. McDaniel (Eds.), Prospective memory: Theory and applications (pp. 115â142). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.Einstein, G. O., & McDaniel, M. A. (2005). Prospective memory: Multiple retrieval pro-cesses.
The whiptail stingrays are a family, Dasyatidae, of rays in the order Myliobatiformes. They are found worldwide in tropical to temperate marine waters, and a number of species have also penetrated into fresh water in North America, Africa, Asia, and Australia.
  Rays spend much of their time lying motionless on the seafloor or riverbed. Their tails are in many instances vestigial and â¦ in certain species non-existent. Although stingray and skate pectoral fins are attached along their entire basal length, their outer margins are highly flexible. stingray is a type of fish, so it can swim, eat other sealife (from plankton to fish to other rays, depending on its size), raise offspring, and sting a person if stepped on â¦ .