Gases are constantly consumed and produced by cellular and metabolic reactions in most living things, so an efficient system for gas exchange between, ultimately, the interior of the cell(s) and the external environment is required. Small, particularly unicellular organisms, such as bacteria and protozoa, have a high surface-area to volume ratio.
Polyploid. (genetics) an organism or cell having more than twice the haploid number of chromosomes.Of a cell or organism having more than twice the haploid number of chromosomes; a polyploid cell; a polyploid species .Organisms that possess two sets of each chromosome.
Protists are organisms that are part of the biological kingdom called the protista. These organisms are not plants, animals, bacteria, or fungi.Protists are a very diverse group of organisms. They are basically all the organisms that don't fit into the other groups. Flagella-Other protists have a long tail called flagella. 2  This tail can move back and forth helping to propel the organism. 3  Pseudopodia-This is when the protist extends part of its cell body to scoot or ooze along. 4  Amoebas use this method to move. 5  Many protists act as pathogens to humans.