The following are the most common symptoms of a Chiari malformation. 1  However, each child may experience symptoms differently. In infants and older children born with this condition, symptoms may include: 2  Headaches. 3  Stiffness or pain in the neck or back of the head area. 4  Poor feeding and swallowing. 5  Decreased strength in the arms.
A buffer solution (more precisely, pH buffer or hydrogen ion buffer) is an aqueous solution consisting of a mixture of a weak acid and its conjugate base, or vice versa.
1 A buffer solution is a mixture of a weak acid and it conjugate base or a weak base and its conjugate acid.  The bicarbonate buffering system is key to maintaining optimal pH levels by regulating carbon dioxide concentration that in turn shifts acid-base imbalance.