1 Religious exemption. 2  ACA-compliant plan to be too expensive. 3  This exemption is valid automatically exempt from the penalty. 4  But if youâre in a state that has expanded Medicaid, youâre probably eligible for free coverage).
Oropharyngeal dysphagia can result from abnormal functioning of the nerves and muscles of the mouth, pharynx (back of the throat) and upper esophageal sphincter (muscle at the top end of the swallowing tube). Diseases that involve the swallowing tube (esophagus) can cause esophageal dysphagia.
The areas of dysfunction in the esophagus may be in the upper esophageal sphincter (UES), the body of the esophagus or the lower esophageal sphincter (LES). Oropharyngeal and UES dysfunction may be caused by neurologic and neuromuscular diseases or may be of unknown cause.