Ion irradiation is routinely used to implant impurities atoms into materials, especially semiconductors, to modify their properties. This process, usually known as ion implantation, is an important step in the manufacture of silicon integrated circuits.
Pulse oximetry is a procedure used to measure the oxygen level (or oxygen saturation) in the blood. It is considered to be a noninvasive, painless, general indicator of oxygen delivery to the peripheral tissues (such as the finger, earlobe, or nose).
How To Read a Pulse Oximeter: Heart and Pulse Rate. A portable pulse oximeter is a device that clips onto your finger and reads your heart rate as well as the percent of oxygen in your blood. It was developed as a way to detect hypoxia (a condition caused by insufficient oxygen).