What are five ways in which the president as legislative leader can influence congressional legislation? The president can enforce the laws, sign legislation into law or to veto bills enacted by Congress, create diplomacy with other nations, extend pardons and clemencies for fede â¦ ral crimes, and give to the Congress information of the State of the Union.
Hiccups are a sudden, involuntary contraction of the diaphragm muscle. In general hiccups are just a temporary condition. Some of the causes of hiccups include. certain medications, surgery, eating or drinking too much, spicy foods, diseases or conditions that irritate the nerves controlling the diaphragm,
Hiccups occur when a spasm contracts the diaphragm, a large sheet of muscle that separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity. This spasm causes an intake of breath that is suddenly stopped by the closure of the vocal cords (glottis). full stomach can be caused by: 1  Eating too much food too quickly. 2  Drinking too much alcohol. 3  Swallowing too much air. 4  Smoking. 5  A sudden change in stomach temperature, such as drinking a hot beverage and then a cold beverage.