One step in the production of sugar from carbon dioxide involves a carbon nucleophile adding to the electrophilic carbon of carbon monoxide. The carbon nucleophile is created by the reaction of an enzyme called RuBisCo binding and activating a 5-carbon sugar molecule (ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate).
Oil and Water Separation. Hydramet specialises in water treatment solutions with a strong focus on chlorination, disinfection and chemical dosing for potable and wastewater treatment applications. Calcium hypochlorite is an effective alternative to sodium hypochlorite which is half to two-thirds cheaper.
Hypochlorous acid from the free chlorine strips the ammonia from the chloramine, and the ammonia outgasses from the surface of the bulk water. This process takes about 24 hours for normal tap water concentrations of a few ppm of chloramine.