Patients and researchers cannot order clinical laboratory tests on anyone including themselves. All moderate and high complexity testing (see below) must be conducted in laboratories certified by the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Act (CLIA). Physician office laboratories can receive a Certificate of Waiver for waived tests.
A kidney stone, also known as a renal calculus or nephrolith, is a solid piece of material which is formed in the kidneys from minerals in urine. Kidney stones typically leave the body in the urine stream, and a small stone may pass without causing symptoms.ther associated symptoms include: nausea, vomiting, fever, blood in the urine, pus in the urine, and painful urination. Blockage of the ureter can cause decreased kidney function and dilation of the kidney. Most stones form due to a combination of genetics and environmental factors.
Quick Facts. 1  Kidney stones are made of salts and minerals in the urine that stick together to form small pebbles.. They can be as small as grains of sand or as large as golf balls. 2  There are different types of kidney stones. Most stones are a combination of calcium and oxalate.