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Carbocations are species bearing a formal + charge on carbon. The have sp2 hybridization and trigonal planar geometry, with an empty p orbital on carbon, perpendicular to the plane containing the substituents (see diagrams shown to the right).
A structure with a positive charge on a carbon immediately adjacent to an alkene is termed an allylic carbocation. Shifting the p electrons gives us the only other reasonable resonance structure. 1  Drawing Resonance Structures Tutorial and Exercises. 2  Tutorial Topic List.