Pulmonary surfactant is a surface-active lipoprotein complex (phospholipoprotein) formed by type II alveolar cells. The proteins and lipids that make up the surfactant have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions.
Antibody deficiencies, also called immunoglobulin deficiency syndromes, are immune system disorders that are characterized by low or absent levels of immunoglobulin in the blood.Immunoglobulins (Ig) are antibodies that play an essential role in the body's immune system.he antibodies are present in the bloodstream or bound to the outer surfaces of B-cells or plasma cells. There are five classes of immunoglobulins: IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, and IgM. Patients who have antibody deficiencies may have reduced or absent levels of one or more types of immunoglobulin.
A state of deficiency of plasma gamma globulins and impairment of antibody formation. The most common cause worldwide is malnutrition. Hypogammaglobulinaemia may be primary or secondary: The primary antibody deficiency syndromes are a rare group of disorders presenting at any age. In the primary form, there is a reduced rate of synthesis of gamma globulins, whereas the secondary form results from an increased rate of breakdown or loss of gamma globulins.