Melasma Overview. Patches of melasma are darker than other areas of skin because they have more pigment. The cells that produce pigment in the skin are called melanocytes. Ultraviolet radiation, or UV rays, from the sun stimulate melanocytes to produce pigment.
The human testicle .The two muscles that regulate the temperature of the testes are the dartos andcremaster muscles:â¢ Dartos Muscle The dartos muscle is a layer of smooth muscle fibers in the subcutaneous tissue of thescrotum (surrounding the scrotum).
There are several hypotheses why most boreotherian mammals have external testes which operate best at a temperature that is slightly less than the core body temperature, e.g. that it is stuck with enzymes evolved in a colder temperature due to external testes evolving for different reasons, that the lower temperature of the testes simply is more efficient for sperm production.