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HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (say: ih-myoo-nuh-dih-fih-shun-see). AIDS stands for Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome. HIV is actually the virus that causes the disease AIDS. To understand AIDS formation process, we need to know what an Immune System is (say: ih-myoon). Every person has body protective system.
HIV is a virus which is most commonly passed on by sexual contact. HIV attacks cells of the immune system. Untreated, the immune system weakens so that the body cannot defend against various bacteria, viruses and other germs. This is when AIDS (commonly now called late-stage HIV infection) develops. However, early detection and treatment with antiretroviral therapy (ART) means that people living with HIV can lead active, healthy lives. However, they may have side-effects from the treatment.