Symbiogenesis, or endosymbiotic theory, is an evolutionary theory that explains the origin of eukaryotic cells from prokaryotes.It states that several key organelles of eukaryotes originated as a symbiosis between separate single-celled organisms.olecular and biochemical evidence suggest that mitochondria developed from proteobacteria (in particular, Rickettsiales, the SAR11 clade, or close relatives) and chloroplasts from cyanobacteria (in particular, nitrogen-fixing filamentous cyanobacteria).
Standard ratios are:Tinctures of dried, intense botanicals are 1:10. This means 1 part herb, an ounce for instance, to 10 parts liquid, also measured in ounces. Examples of this type of herb are cayenne and the resins such as myrrh and propolis.
For example, in the United Kingdom the formula for Paregoric, B.P. is tincture of opium 5 ml, benzoic acid 500 mg, camphor 300 mg, anise oil 0.3 ml, alcohol (60%) to 100 ml, and contains about 1/30th grain of anhydrous morphine in 60 minims, which is 25% stronger than Paregoric, U.S.P.oncentrated versions were available. Opium Camphorated, for U.S.P. Tincture: Liquid No. 338 was exactly 8 times the strength of Tincture Opium Camphorated (Paregoric) [italics in original], U.S.P., designed for preparing the tincture by direct dilution, and cost $7 per pint.