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The two are often believed to be interchangeable, but the main difference is that retinol is eventually converted into retinoic acid. Retinol is a natural form of vitamin A, while Retin-A is derived from retinoic acid, a synthetic derivative of vitamin A, and considered pharmaceutical.
Vitamin A. Both retinol and retinyl palmitate are forms of vitamin A.. Retinyl palmitate is an ester -- or chemical compound -- formed from the reaction of retinol and palmitic acid.In order to use any form of topical vitamin A, the body must convert it first into retinoic acid.Retinyl palmitate must be broken down into retinol, then retinaldehyde and finally retinoic acid.itamin A. Both retinol and retinyl palmitate are forms of vitamin A.. Retinyl palmitate is an ester -- or chemical compound -- formed from the reaction of retinol and palmitic acid.