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Using speed measurements of the gas at different distances from the Galactic center, the Sun appears to be cruising along at 200 kilometers per second and it takes 240 million years to complete the grand circuit around the Galaxy. This speed is an absolute speed.
Or, how fast is the Sun (Solar System) hurling towards the constellation Hercules? From the book: _Guide to the Galaxy_, 1994; Henbest and Couper; Cambridge University Press. The Sun is moving towards Lambda Herculis at 20 kilometers per second or 12 miles per second. Or in units per hour: 72,000 kilometers per hour or 45,000 miles per hour. This speed is in a frame of rest if the other stars were all standing still.