To do Kegel exercises, also called pelvic exercises, for urinary incontinence, follow these steps: 1  Zero in on the correct muscles to exercise by stopping the flow of urine when you are on the toilet. 2  Find a quiet spot and lie on your back. 3  Relax the muscles for a count of three and then repeat. 4  Work up to 10 to 15 repetitions three times a day. 5  Wit
A recurrent pneumonia may involve the same segment or lobe in the lung, or it may involve different segments at different times in the patient. A persistent pneumonia is one in which is there is absence of complete resolution, either clinically or radiographically, of the initial pneumonic process.
Many different germs can cause pneumonia, but there are five main causes: bacteria, viruses, mycoplasma (a type of bacteria that is resistant to penicillin), other infectious agents, such as fungi, and various chemicals. If you have viral pneumonia, you also are at risk of getting bacterial pneumonia. The main cause of pneumonia is the bacteria streptococcus pneumoniae. Professor Brian Duerden CBE, the chief micro-biologist at the Department of Health, said the bacteria can also cause or lead to numerous other invasive infections. It can cause other chest infections in old people as well as pneumonia, he said. It can affect young children when it can get into their blood streams. It can cause septicemia. It is also the most important cause of meningitis in very young children. In some people it can get into the sinuses and into the middle ear and cause further infection. Understanding the cause of pneumonia is important because pneumonia treatment depends on its cause.