Vertebrate striated muscle contraction is controlled (regulated) by the action of the proteins troponin and tropomyosin on the actin filaments. Nervous stimulation causes a depolarisation of the muscle membrane (sarcolemma) which triggers the release of calcium ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
n. 1  Abnormally fast or deep respiration, which results in the loss of carbon dioxide from the blood, thereby causing a fall in blood pressure, tingling of the extremities, and sometimes fainting.
A quick run down of some of these terms include: 1  Dyspnea refers to the sensation of shortness of breath. 2  Tachypnea refers to rapid breathing with or without a feeling of being shortness of breath. 3  Bradypnea means a slow rate of breathing.