Not to be confused with Retinal. Retinol, also known as Vitamin A1, is a vitamin found in food and used as a dietary supplement. As a supplement it is used to treat and prevent vitamin A deficiency, especially that which is resulting in xerophthalmia.
Desmosomes are anchoring junctions â mechanical couplings scattered like rivets along the sides of adjacent cells to prevent their separation. On the cytoplasmic face of each plasma membrane is a thickening called a plaque.
But this trait is not exclusive to neurons and muscle fibres. For example, it is also found in glandular cells, fertilized ovules, and certain plant cells. Many toxins can affect neuromuscular junctions and their nicotinic receptors. Some toxins, such as the botulin toxin, act on the presynaptic side of the junction.