Bill of Rights First Amendment [Religion, Speech, Press, Assembly, Petition (1791)] (see explanation) Second Amendment [Right to Bear Arms (1791)] (see explanation) Third Amendment [Quartering of Troops (1791)] (see explanation) Fourth Amendment [Search and Seizure (1791)] (see explanation)
Social Darwinism, the theory that persons, groups, and races are subject to the same laws of natural selection as Charles Darwin had perceived in plants and animals in nature.
Social Darwinism was later expanded by others into ideas about  survival of the fittest  in commerce and human societies as a whole, and led to claims that social inequality, sexism, racism and imperialism were justified.