Coal forms from the accumulation of plant debris, usually in a swamp environment. When plant debris dies and falls into the swamp the standing water of the swamp protects it from decay. Swamp waters are usually deficient in oxygen, which would react with the plant debris and cause it to decay.
Porokeratosis is generally considered to be a benign condition though malignant transformation has been seen in all but the punctate variety, necessitating regular followup of patients with porokeratosis (Maubec et al., 2005; Sasson & Krain, 1996).
Typically, only a single sinus is involved, and the disease has a classic appearance on CT or MRI scans. Treatment involves removal of the fungus ball through endoscopic sinus surgery. Usually a peanut-butter like appearance of the fungal ball is noted. simplified classification of fungal sinusitis is as follows: Non-invasive fungal sinusitis. Fungus Ball: This is a non-invasive form of fungal sinusitis. In essence, there is an overgrowth of fungal elements in the sinuses.