one of a group of cells that develop in the walls of the seminiferous tubules. Spermatogenic cells include spermatogonia, spermatocytes, and spermatidsâall of which are transitional forms between primary sexual cells and spermatozoa.
long-haul optics. Long-haul optics refers to the transmission of visible light signals over optical fiber cable for great distances, especially without or with minimal use of repeaters. Normally, repeaters are necessary at intervals in a length of fiber optic cable to keep the signal quality from deteriorating to the point of non-usability. In long-haul optical systems, the goal is to minimize the number of repeaters per unit distance, and ideally, to render repeaters unnecessary.
Managed dark fiber is a form of wavelength division multiplexed to dark fibers where pilot signals are beamed into fiber by the fiber provider for management purposes using transponders tuned to an assigned wavelength. Central management is preferred for a dense wavelength division multiplexed system.