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A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection from microbes. These are organisms that are too small to be seen without a microscope. Most UTIs are caused by bacteria, but some are caused by fungi and in rare cases by viruses. UTIs are among the most common infections in humans. A UTI can happen anywhere in your urinary tract.
When bacteria get into the bladder or kidney and multiply in the urine, a UTI can result. There are three main types of UTI: 1  Bacteria that infect only the urethra (the short tube that delivers urine from the bladder to the outside of the body) cause urethritis.2  Bacteria can also cause a bladder infection, which is called cystitis.acteria Are to Blame. UTIs are usually caused by E. coli, bacteria that are normally found in the digestive tract and on the skin around the rectal and vaginal areas. When the bacteria enter the urethra, they can make their way up into the bladder and cause an infection.