Which brings us to records. The event in questionâholding oneâs breath underwater for as long as possible without movingâis officially called âstatic apnea,â and there are two ways static apnea records are kept: for dives performed after breathing in pure oxygen, and for dives performed without pure oxygen.
Substantive Due Process Law & Legal Definition. Substantive due process is a fundamental legal theory enumerated in the U.S. constitution. The principle of substantive due process states that the due process clause in the constitution should protect the substantive right of a citizen.reedom of speech and expression is an example of a substantive right. The term âsubstantive due processâ is commonly used in two ways: 1. to identify a particular line of cases; 2. to signify a particular attitude towards judicial review.
But the Fourteenth Amendment was specific in limiting the actions of the state governments. Courts have interpreted these two clauses identically: the Fifth Amendment now limits the power of the federal government and the Fourteenth Amendment limits the power of state (and local) governments. Procedural Due Process. Many of the modern due process cases deal with what is called procedural due process (fair process, procedures). Due process procedures do not guarantee that the result of government action will be to a citizen's liking. However, fair procedures do help prevent arbitrary, unreasonable decisions.