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Metamorphic rocks used by the ancient Egyptians include: anorthosite gneiss and tonalite gneiss (foliated); and marble, metaconglomerate, metagabbro, metagraywacke, serpentinite, and steatite (non-foliated).
The Egyptians worked deposits of the lead ore galena at Gebel Rosas to make net sinkers, plumb bobs, and small figurines. Copper was the most important metal for toolmaking in ancient Egypt and was smelted in furnaces from malachite ore mined in the Sinai.