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Magnitude. The degree of brightness of a star or other object in the sky according to a scale on which the brightest star has a magnitude -1.4 and the faintest visible star has magnitude 6. Sometimes referred to as apparent magnitude. In this scale, each number is 2.5 times the brightness of the previous number. Thus a star with a magnitude of 1 is 100 times brighter than on with a visual magnitude of 6.
The most famous magnitude scale is the Richter scale which is used to determine the magnitudes of intermediate strength earthquakes. For larger earthquakes (those greater than 7.0) the Moment Magnitude scale is used. In the US the most commonly used intensity scale is the Modified Mercalli scale.