Or, for a medical example, suppose smoking multiplies the risk of lung cancer by some number R: then the Wald test can be used to test whether R = 1 (i.e. there is no effect of smoking) or is greater (or less) than 1 (i.e. smoking alters risk).
There are more than 900 species of Tardigrade or Water Bear, pictured. They're found everywhere in the world, from the highest mountains to the deepest oceans. Boil the 1mm creatures, freeze them, dry them, expose them to radiation and they're so resilient they'll still be alive 200 years later.
Polar bears live at the polar region (the Arctic) of the world, and are only found there, unlike other bears. This is why they're called polar bears.. The polar bear is calle â¦ d a polar bear because it is a bear, and  lives in the area of North pole in the Arctic.