Although an MSI-H result is the hallmark of Lynch syndrome, it is also found in 10% to 15% of sporadic CRC cases. Since MSI results do not rule out Lynch syndrome, MMR gene mutation testing should be considered regardless of MSI status in families with a strong suspicion of Lynch syndrome.
Many of the symptoms of prolactinoma are caused by an excessive amount of prolactin in the blood (hyperprolactinemia) which decreases the ovarian and testicular function. In women, prolactinoma is characterized by irregular menstrual periods, infertility and production of breast milk in women who are not pregnant (galactorrhea).
What is hyperprolactinemia? Hyperprolactinemia is a condition in which a person has higher-than-normal levels of the hormone prolactin in the blood. The main function of prolactin is to stimulate breast milk production after childbirth, so high prolactin levels are normal in pregnancy. Prolactin also affects the levels of sex hormones (estrogen and testosterone) in both women and men. Prolactin is made by the pituitary gland, a pea-sized organ found at the base of the brain.