Although an MSI-H result is the hallmark of Lynch syndrome, it is also found in 10% to 15% of sporadic CRC cases. Since MSI results do not rule out Lynch syndrome, MMR gene mutation testing should be considered regardless of MSI status in families with a strong suspicion of Lynch syndrome.
Many of the symptoms of prolactinoma are caused by an excessive amount of prolactin in the blood (hyperprolactinemia) which decreases the ovarian and testicular function. In women, prolactinoma is characterized by irregular menstrual periods, infertility and production of breast milk in women who are not pregnant (galactorrhea).
1 High levels of prolactin may mean that the pituitary gland is making excess prolactin for unknown reasons (idiopathic hyperprolactinemia). 2  Other conditions that can cause high prolactin levels include pregnancy, liver disease (cirrhosis), kidney disease, and hypothyroidism. A normal or low prolactin level does not always mean there is no pituitary tumor. 2  An MRI test may be done if a pituitary tumor is suspected. 3  High levels of prolactin may mean that the pituitary gland is making excess prolactin for unknown reasons (idiopathic hyperprolactinemia).