Hepatitis can be caused by: 1  Immune cells in the body attacking the liver. 2  Infections from viruses (such as hepatitis A, hepatitis B, or hepatitis C), bacteria, or parasites.  Liver damage from alcohol or poison.
Mitral valve annuloplasty is a surgical technique for the repair of leaking mitral valves. Due to various factors, the two leaflets normally involved in sealing the mitral valve to retrograde flow may not coapt properly.he goal of mitral valve annuloplasty is to regain mitral valve competence by restoring the physiological form and function of the normal mitral valve apparatus.
A bulging annulus means the edge of the disc adjacent to the spine (usually) has bulged posteriorly and may dent or impinge upon the spinal sac, the nerve roots, or the spinal cord. An annular fissure is a crack or tear or the disc annulus (the outer coating of the disc, as opposed to the center part (nucleus).n annular disc tear is when the substance of the annulus fibrosus rips or tears, allowing the highly pressurized and nucleus pulposus to escape outward toward the outer third of the disc. + 30 others found this useful.