Peripheral nerve injury of the upper extremity commonly occurs in patients who participate in recreational (e.g., sports) and occupational activities. Nerve injury should be considered when a patient experiences pain, weakness, or paresthesias in the absence of a known bone, soft tissue, or vascular injury.
Brain injury occurs when the tissues of the brain suffer an acute injury that results in temporary, chronic, or permanent damage and/or dysfunction. The brain is a very sensitive organ subject to injury from a variety of insults. Some of the major causes of brain injury include trauma, lack of oxygen (hypoxic/anoxic injury), lack of blood flow (ischemia), infection, and metabolic disorders.
The typical causes of hypoxic-ischemic brain injury â cardiac arrest , respiratory arrest , near-drowning , near-hanging , and other forms of incomplete suffocation , carbon monoxide and other poisonous gas exposures , and perinatal asphyxia â expose the entire brain to potentially injurious reductions of oxygen ( i.e. , hypoxia ) and / or ...