Flexible response was a defense strategy implemented by John F. Kennedy in 1961 to address the Kennedy administration's skepticism of Dwight Eisenhower 's New Look and its policy of Massive Retaliation.lexible response was a defense strategy implemented by John F. Kennedy in 1961 to address the Kennedy administration's skepticism of Dwight Eisenhower 's New Look and its policy of Massive Retaliation.
Motorola was the first company to produce a handheld mobile phone. On 3 April 1973 when Martin Cooper, a Motorola researcher and executive, made the first mobile telephone call from handheld subscriber equipment, placing a call to Dr. Joel S. Engel of Bell Labs.otorola was the first company to produce a handheld mobile phone. On 3 April 1973 when Martin Cooper, a Motorola researcher and executive, made the first mobile telephone call from handheld subscriber equipment, placing a call to Dr. Joel S. Engel of Bell Labs.
This freedom of movement made the device much more useful than the first mobile phone. Cellular technology was invented by Joel Engel and Richard Frenkiel, two researchers for AT&T Labs, in 1983. They introduced the cellular concept of replacing large broadcast towers, with smaller low powered towers.