A garlic scape. The word scape (Latin scapus, from Greek ÏÎºá¾¶ÏÎ¿Ï), as used in botany, is fairly vague and arbitrary; various sources provide divergent definitions.
All citations of the U.S. Constitution begin with U.S. Const., followed by the article, amendment, section, and/or clause numbers as relevant. The terms article, amendment, section, and clause are always abbreviated art., amend., Â§, and cl., respectively. Preamble is abbreviated pmbl. (as in my opening quotation).
Placing Your References In-Text. 1  1. Place a reference next to each statement that you've cited. 2  2. Place an MLA reference. 3  3. Use Turabian footnotes.  4. Place an APA 1  reference. 5. Use the CSE Citation-Sequence.  6. Use CSE Name- 1 Year. 7. Cite in Chicago Manual of 2  Style. 8. Use Legal/Blue Book format for citations in legal documents.