Social change refers to the transformation of culture, behavior, social institutions, and social structure over time. We are familiar from Modernization. Modernization refers to the process and impact of becoming more modern.
A dependent, or subordinate, clause contains a subject and a verb or verb phrase but does not express a complete thought. As a result, it cannot stand alone as a sentence. Dependent clauses can function either as noun clauses, adjective clauses, or adverb clauses. An adjective clause is a dependent clause that, like an adjective, modifies a noun or pronoun. Adjective clauses begin with words such as that, when, where, who, whom, whose, which, and why.
The clause bracketed is adding info about was confident ' , the verb.. It is an adverbial clause. The clause bracketed in the second example is giving extra info ( modifying) the noun music. It is a adjective clause. You have to figure out what word the clause is telling more about ( modifying). If it's a noun or pronoun then it is an adjective clause. If it is a verb , then it is an adverbial clause.