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Nutrition is the science that interprets the interaction of nutrients and other substances in food in relation to maintenance, growth, reproduction, health and disease of an organism. It includes food intake, absorption, assimilation, biosynthesis, catabolism and excretion.
Carbohydrates and protein provide 4 kcal/g while fat provides the most energy, with 9 kcal/g. All foods fall into these three major categories of nutrients. It is important to understand how the body utilizes each nutrient, including their dietary sources and their functions within the body, in order to make healthy food choices as part of a well-balanced diet.