I had the pneumonia shot and 15 minutes later I had this ache on top of my shoulder and up the left side of my neck. This ache is in its 3rd day and is not getting any better . Do you think this is a side effect of the shot? I had the pneumonia shot and a tetnus booster at the same time. That night I had substantial pain in my shoulder and in the left side of my jaw. It then moved into different joints and had pain and swelling in my extremities, wrists, hips, hands and ankles.
In its most general form, algebra is the study of mathematical symbols and the rules for manipulating these symbols; it is a unifying thread of almost all of mathematics. As such, it includes everything from elementary equation solving to the study of abstractions such as groups, rings, and fields.
Abstract algebra is a major area in advanced mathematics, studied primarily by professional mathematicians. Elementary algebra differs from arithmetic in the use of abstractions, such as using letters to stand for numbers that are either unknown or allowed to take on many values.