2036, the District Court considered (1) whether or not there was a bona fide sale in the transfer of assets to the partnership controlled by the son; and (2) whether or not an express or implied agreement existed that the decedent would retain the economic benefit of the property.
Generally, rocks respond to stress in one of two ways: they break, or they bend. 1  When a rock breaks, it is called brittle deformation. 2  When rocks bend or flow, like clay, it is called ductile deformation.
Other Clues Help. If you find a fossil in the top layer thatâs older than a fossil in the lower layer, you can hypothesize that the layers have been turned upside down by folding during mountain building. Most rock sequences are incompleteâlayers are missing. These gaps in rock sequences are called unconformities.Unconformities develop when agents of erosion such as running water or glaciers remove rock layers by washing or scraping them away.ccording to the. principle of superposition. ,in undisturbed layers of rock, the oldest rocks are on the bottom and the rocks become progressively younger toward the top. Rock Layers Sediment accumulates in horizontal beds, forming layers of sedimentary rock.