Aortic insufficiency causes both volume overload (elevated preload) and pressure overload (elevated afterload due to increased stroke volume) of the heart. The volume overload (due to elevated pulse pressure and the systemic effects of neuroendocrine hormones) causes left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH).
Echo Dot is a hands-free, voice-controlled device that uses the same far-field voice recognition as Amazon Echo. Dot has a small built-in speakerâit can also connect to your speakers over Bluetooth or with the included audio cable.
The Amazon Echo and Amazon Echo Dot are stationary devices (they need to be plugged in). The difference between them is that the Amazon Echo has a much better speaker built in, while the Dot is intended for use with an external speaker via line out/Bluetooth. The Dot is much smaller and cheaper so if you want Alexa in multiple locations, it's the best option.