2036, the District Court considered (1) whether or not there was a bona fide sale in the transfer of assets to the partnership controlled by the son; and (2) whether or not an express or implied agreement existed that the decedent would retain the economic benefit of the property.
Generally, rocks respond to stress in one of two ways: they break, or they bend. 1  When a rock breaks, it is called brittle deformation. 2  When rocks bend or flow, like clay, it is called ductile deformation.
Physical processes that break rock apart without changing its chemical makeup; can be caused by ice wedging, animals, and plant roots. Mechanical weathering. Mechanical weathering process that occurs when water freezes in the cracks of rocks and expands, causes the rock to break apart. Ice wedging. Occurs when chemical reactions dissolve the minerals in rocks or change them into different minerals.