Bandwidth in Hertz to Bandwidth in Bits. This quadrature PSK (QPSK) example is one of the simplest modulation schemes. Each set of two input bits modifies the carrier into four phase angles. The amplitude remains constant, unlike QAM modulation, in which the amplitude is varied (see QAM).
What is it: Damage to some or all of the fibres of the Lateral Collateral Ligament on the outer side of the knee. Symptoms: Outer knee pain, swelling, bruising, instability, stiffness. Causes: A blow to the inside or the knee, sudden twisting or a fall where the lower leg is forced inwards.
If you're experiencing pain or discomfort at the back of your knee, also referred to as posterior knee pain, there are several possible reasons, according to SportsInjuryClinic.net. So what are some potential causes of behind-knee pain? Common Causes of Behind-Knee Pain.