2036, the District Court considered (1) whether or not there was a bona fide sale in the transfer of assets to the partnership controlled by the son; and (2) whether or not an express or implied agreement existed that the decedent would retain the economic benefit of the property.
Generally, rocks respond to stress in one of two ways: they break, or they bend. 1  When a rock breaks, it is called brittle deformation. 2  When rocks bend or flow, like clay, it is called ductile deformation.
Let's start with igneous rocks. Igneous rocks form when melted rock, or magma cools and hardens. Sometimes the igneous rocks form in the ground (intrusive igneous rocks), and sometimes they form outside of the ground (extrusive igneous rocks). Rocks deep in the earth melt and form molten, or melted, rock called magma.