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1) That looks right. 2) Step 1: Moles=Mass/Mr, so it's 144/72= 2mol. Step 2: Stoichiometry means the ratio of oxygen to pentane is 1:8 so moles of oxygen is moles of pentane times 8. 2*8=16mol of oxygen. Step 3: 16= 9.6*10^24. 3) The ratio of oxygen to carbon in CO2 is 1:2. so it's 192/3 = 64.
Butanol + Oxygen Carbon Dioxide + Water C4H9OH + 602 4CO2 + 5H2O (One Mole) Propanol + Oxygen Carbon Dioxide + Water C3H7OH + 4.5O2 3CO2 + 4H2O (One Mole) Ethanol + Oxygen Carbon Dioxide + Water C2H5OH + 3O2 2CO2 + 3H2O (One Mole) Bond Enthalpies: Bond enthalpy is the amount of energy needed to break a chemical bond.