Bandwidth in Hertz to Bandwidth in Bits. This quadrature PSK (QPSK) example is one of the simplest modulation schemes. Each set of two input bits modifies the carrier into four phase angles. The amplitude remains constant, unlike QAM modulation, in which the amplitude is varied (see QAM).
What is it: Damage to some or all of the fibres of the Lateral Collateral Ligament on the outer side of the knee. Symptoms: Outer knee pain, swelling, bruising, instability, stiffness. Causes: A blow to the inside or the knee, sudden twisting or a fall where the lower leg is forced inwards.
Lateral knee pain is pain that occurs on the outer side of the knee. It is the least common place to experience pain and there are a variety of causes. It may come on gradually over time or may develop suddenly after an injury. As a result, the symptoms are varied too.