Pressure (symbol: p or P) is the force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area over which that force is distributed. Gauge pressure (also spelled gage pressure) is the pressure relative to the ambient pressure.
Cardiogenic pulmonary edema. Pulmonary edema that is due to a direct problem with the heart is called cardiogenic. Congestive heart failure is a common cause of cardiogenic pulmonary edema; in this condition, the left ventricle cannot pump out enough blood to meet the needs of the body. This causes a buildup of pressure in other parts of the circulatory system, forcing fluid into the air sacs of the lungs and other parts of the body.
There are various causes for peripheral edema, including: 1  Injury or trauma, such as a sprain or fractured bone. 2  Being overweight. 3  Aging. Pregnancy.  Consuming too much 1  salt. Consuming too much alcohol.  Menstruation and/ 1 or PMS. Sitting or standing in one position for a long period of  time.