Deterding, S., Dixon, D., Khaled, R. and Nacke, L. (2011a) âFrom Game Design Elements to Gamefulness: Defining âGamificationââ, Envisioning Future Media Environments - Conference proceedings, MindTrekâ11, Tampere, pp. 9â15.
The payback method is a simple way to evaluate the number of years or months it takes to return the initial investment. The payback period is usually expressed in years. Start by calculating net cash flow for each year: net cash flow year one = cash inflow year one - cash outflow year one.
expected monetary value, expected opportunity loss, and return-to-risk ratio. 19.1 Payoff Tables and Decision Trees. In order to evaluate the alternative courses of action for a complete set of events, you need to. develop a payoff table or construct a decision tree. A payoff table contains each possible event that can occur for each alternative course of action and a value or payoff for each combination of an event and course of action. Example 19.1 discusses a payoff table for a marketing man-ager trying to decide how to market organic salad dressings.