If your trip is not within 2 weeks, but you need your U.S. passport more quickly than the normal processing period of 4 to 6 weeks, you can request expedited service by mail or in person at a passport acceptance facility near you.
The average is 2-3 weeks for a refinance and 4 weeks for a purchase. The time it takes to close your loan can be affeted by many things and no loan is the same.
You can also consider the traditional refinancing breakeven formula: how long will it take you to recoup the money you spend, assuming your monthly payment decreases (divide the monthly savings by your total closing costs to figure out how many months this will take).