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Unilateral facial nerve palsy (FNP), with an incidence of around 25 per 100,000 population, is a common neurologic disorder mimicking a stroke. It often leads to emergency department visits. Bellâs palsy, also known as idiopathic facial paralysis, is the most common cause of unilateral facial paralysis, accounting for approximately 70% of these cases . Bilateral FNP is exceedingly rare, representing less than 2% of all the facial palsy cases, and has an incidence of 1 per 5,000,000 population [2, 3].
When there is a problem with this pathway, facial paralysis is the result. Two of the more common causes of facial paralysis are outlined below. Congenital Facial Paralysis. Congenital facial paralysis can occur on one side of the face (unilateral facial paralysis) or both sides of the face (bilateral facial paralysis) (see Figure A). Unilateral facial paralysis can be related to conditions such as hemifacial microsomia, in which one half of the face does not develop as fully as the other, sometimes producing less facial motion on the affected side.