The trachea connects the larynx and bronchi. It is lined with a mucus membrane with respiratory epithelium and a lamina propria, and a submucosa containing horseshoe shape hyaline cartilages and numerous mucus and mixed glands (Trachea 1).
Arrowroot starch and tapioca flour are two products that are used quite a bit in gluten-free cooking and baking. They are used to replace corn starch and wheat flour in various recipes. Arrowroot starch can sometimes substitute for tapioca flour depending on the application.
Arrowroot powder is a starch derived from a South American plant and is used as a thickener in recipes. Arrowroot powder is used in the same way cornstarch is, though there are some differences between the two starches. Arrowroot is a root starch that acts as a thickener. It is best used at the end of cooking as it might break down in long, high-heat cooking.