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(The word renal refers to kidney.) Blood leaving the kidney enters the major vein, the vena cava, via the renal vein. Also connecting to the kidney is a third tube, the ureter, which conducts urine to the urinary bladder for temporary storage.
1 Here, the renal artery enters and the renal vein and renal pelvis leave the kidney. 2  The hilum leads into a space within the kidney called the renal sinus, which is about 2.5 cm deep. 3  The renal sinus is occupied by the renal pelvis, renal calices, renal vessels and nerves, and varying amounts of fat. The levels of the kidneys change during respiration and with changes in posture. 2  Each kidney moves about 3 cm in a vertical direction during the movements of the diaphragm that occurs with deep breathing. 3  The hilum of the left kidney lies in the transpyloric plane, about 5 cm from the median plane.