Organic acids are of two types. One has the COOH group (the carboxyl group). An example is acetic acid (CH3COOH), the acid in vinegar. It is made by oxidizing grain alcohol or by the fermentation of the fruit sugar in cider. The other type has a phenol group, as in phenol (C6H5OH).
Calculate the total braking distance. This formula is 1/2 the initial velocity in feet per second multiplied by the time required to stop, which is 0.5 x 102.7 x 5.135 = 263.68. The calculated thinking distance is 2 x 102.7 = 205.4. Add the two numbers together. 469.08 feet is the total braking distance.
When a vehicle is to be brought to a standstill or to slowdown, we have to convert kinetic energy into heat energy by the application of brakes. S= 0.5*M*v*v/f. total stopping distance is the sum of the perception-reaction distance and the braking distance. D_{total}=D_{p-r}+D_{braking}=v t_{p-r}+ \frac{v^2}{2 \mu g}. A common baseline value of t_{p-r}=1.5 s, \mu=0.7 is used in stopping distance charts.