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Organisms that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use that energy to produce food are called autotrophs, or primary producers. The process in which autotrophs capture light energy and use it to convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and sugars is called photosynthesis.rganisms that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use that energy to produce food are called autotrophs, or primary producers. The process in which autotrophs capture light energy and use it to convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and sugars is called photosynthesis.
All organisms in the food chain need the sun's energy to survive. Through the photosynthesis process, producers, such as grass, absorb the sun's light energy to produce food (stored sugar and starches). The sun's energy is passed on to consumers when a consumer eats the plant or eats other animals.