The free energy change (Î´G 0) for the adsorption process was found to be â12.60 kJ/mol. The results indicated that the biomass of Ulothrix zonata is a suitable biosorbent for both the removal and recovery of heavy metals from wastewater.hen, a given amount of inactivated dried U. zonata was suspended in double distilled water by homogenizing for 45 min in a Waring blender. An algal suspension was prepared in solidâliquid ratio of 10 g alg/l solution and used by diluting. The surface area of the biosorbent was determined to be 1.1 m 2 /g (BET-N 2).
A glass electrode is a type of ion-selective electrode made of a doped glass membrane that is sensitive to a specific ion. The most common application of ion-selective glass electrodes is for the measurement of pH. The pH electrode is an example of a glass electrode that is sensitive to hydrogen ions. Glass electrodes play an important part in the instrumentation for chemical analysis and physico-chemical studies.
The combination electrode measures the difference in potentials between the two sides in the glass electrode. To measure the potentials it must be a closed circuit. The circuit is closed through the internal solutions of the electrode and the external solution that is being measured and the pH meter. As the electrode is immersed in the test solution the glass bulb senses the hydrogen ions as a millivoltage due to the positive charge of the hydrogen ions.