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Organisms that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use that energy to produce food are called autotrophs, or primary producers. The process in which autotrophs capture light energy and use it to convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and sugars is called photosynthesis.rganisms that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use that energy to produce food are called autotrophs, or primary producers. The process in which autotrophs capture light energy and use it to convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and sugars is called photosynthesis.
Plants are not the only species that use photosynthesis. Algae and even various forms of bacteria use the process to convert chemical energy into food as well. Any species that uses photosynthesis to produce food is called a phototroph. The chemical energy is most often produced by sunlight. This is why sunlight is important to the survival of plant life.