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An injury to the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) is the most common type of lateral ankle sprain. The ATFL connects the talus (ankle bone) to the fibula. Anterior talofibular ligament sprain symptoms include pain or soreness, swelling, difficulty walking, bruising, and stiffness in the joint.
The medial patellofemoral ligament, which is part of the medial retinaculum, is the main injured structure especially regarding normal knee alignment. Therefore, medial retinacular plication, a proximal realignment correction technique, can directly address the main pathology of patellar instability.