Vascular calcification is common in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease and is associated with poorer outcomes.
Because these medicines may take some time to have an effect on breathing, they usually are taken on a regular schedule. They are used for both short- and long-term relief of symptoms. There are two types of anticholinergics: short-acting and long-acting. The short-acting type relieves symptoms and the long-acting type helps prevent breathing problems. Short-acting anticholinergics are used for treating stable COPD in a person whose symptoms come and go (intermittent symptoms).
Anticholinergic side effects are most often experienced in people who are taking antispasmodic medications, tricyclic antidepressants, and antipsychotic medications. Antidepressants with Anticholinergic Effects: The following medications are examples of antidepressants that are known to have anticholinergic effects: