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(a) The specific heat capacity at constant volume (c v) is defined as the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of the gas by 1 K if the volume of the gas remains constant.he molar heat capacity at constant volume (C V) is the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 mole of the gas by 1 K if the volume of the gas remains constant.
The critical temperature of a substance is the temperature at and above which vapor of the substance cannot be liquefied, no matter how much pressure is applied. Every substance has a critical temperature. Some examples are shown below. The critical pressure of a substance is the pressure required to liquefy a gas at its critical temperature.