In general, there are two types of mortgage insurance: mortgage insurance bought from the government, designed for those with FHA loans (this is called mortgage insurance premiums or MIP) or private mortgage insurance for conventional loans which is bought from the private sector (this is called private mortgage insurance or PMI).
Operant conditioning, sometimes called instrumental conditioning or instrumental learning, was first extensively studied by Edward L. Thorndike (1874-1949), who observed the behavior of cats trying to escape from home-made puzzle boxes. When first constrained in the boxes, the cats took a long time to escape.
Psychologist Edwin Twitmyer at the University of Pennsylvania in the U.S. discovered classical conditioning at approximately the same time as Pavlov was conducting his research . 1 However, the two were unaware of each other's research in this case of simultaneous discovery, and Pavlov received credit for the findings.