10 Year. Morningstar rated the Global Technology Fund among 196, 196, 186 and 144 Technology funds for the overall rating and the 3-, 5-, and 10-year periods (as applicable) ending 02/28/2017, respectively.
Geometrically an eigenvector, corresponding to a real nonzero eigenvalue, points in a direction that is stretched by the transformation and the eigenvalue is the factor by which it is stretched. If the eigenvalue is negative, the direction is reversed.
So in other words, if I take the natural logarithm of e x, I get x back: in equation form ln(e x) = x, or equivalently, ln(exp(x)) = x. It works the other way around, too, exp(ln(x)) = x. The expression 1-exp(x) means raise the number e to the x power then subtract it from 1.