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Bacteria are single-sell organisms that are quite simple. They are one of the earliest forms of life that appeared on Earth billions of years ago. They and archaea belong to a category of life called Prokaryotes. All other forms of life belong to Eukaryotes.
Bacterial DNA â a circular chromosome plus plasmids. The DNA of most bacteria is contained in a single circular molecule, called the bacterial chromosome. The chromosome, along with several proteins and RNA molecules, forms an irregularly shaped structure called the nucleoid.This sits in the cytoplasm of the bacterial cell.In addition to the chromosome, bacteria often contain plasmids â small circular DNA molecules. Bacteria can pick up new plasmids from other bacterial cells (during conjugation) or from the environment.They can also readily lose them â for instance, when a bacterium divides in two, one of the daughter cells might miss out on getting a plasmid.acteria can pick up new plasmids from other bacterial cells (during conjugation) or from the environment. They can also readily lose them â for instance, when a bacterium divides in two, one of the daughter cells might miss out on getting a plasmid.