Test statistics that follow a chi-squared distribution arise from an assumption of independent normally distributed data, which is valid in many cases due to the central limit theorem. A chi-squared test can be used to attempt rejection of the null hypothesis that the data are independent.
Voles, also known as mice, live in field, forest, and shrub habitats. Voles can cause extensive damage when they move into our turf and landscaped gardens in search of food and shelter. Voles do not hibernate and are active throughout the year. They can reproduce year round having many litters per year.
And clean up the fall and winter debris that creates a hospitable environment. Voles will use the same paths, and theyâre easy to spot, as they are about two inches wide, and the voles eat the grass on them. After a snowfall melts, vole paths often show up on the lawn, as they run along the ground under the snow. Nothing works for vole infestation all the time and many things donât work at all.