The dam receives its water via the Tugela-Vaal Project which is a pumped-storage scheme involving the net transfer of up to 630 million cubic metres (510,000 acreÂ·ft) of water from KwaZulu-Natal. This is stored in the Sterkfontein Dam and released to the Vaal Dam via the Wilge River when needed.he Sterkfontein Dam is a highly effective reservoir, since it has the depth to store a large amount of water, with very little loss to evaporation. The Vaal Dam lake (reservoir) by comparison has a large surface area and is relatively shallow, which results in a higher rate of evaporation.
Poor quality hay or grass can lead to hay belly in horses. The digestive system of your horse is made to extract nutrients from grass and hay. Horses donât have a way to break down fiber, however bacteria in their large intestine will ferment the hay or grass.
What Causes Charlie Horses. Charlie horse is the name given to a muscle spasm or cramp experienced by an individual, especially in the leg. The most probable area where Charlie horse strikes is the calf region and that too, at night, lasting for a few seconds to few hours, thus awakening the patient. At times, kidney dialysis has lead to the occurrence of Charley horse in the muscles. 2  Low levels of minerals, such as sodium, magnesium or potassium, in the body can be one of the reasons for Charlie horses. 3  Deficiency of calcium in pregnant women can also be another reason for the onset of Charley horse.