Find out when teenagers need to file a tax return and how to file a tax return for a teenager. 2011 Income Requirements for Teenagers: For the 2011 tax year, which is filed in 2012, teenagers claimed as a dependent on your return must file their own taxes if they meet any of the following conditions: 1  Earned income is greater than $5,800. 2  Unearned income is greater than $950. 3  Self-employment net earnings are greater than $400.
Fermentation is a metabolic process that converts sugar to acids, gases, or alcohol. It occurs in yeast and bacteria, and also in oxygen-starved muscle cells, as in the case of lactic acid fermentation.
During fermentation, pyruvate is metabolized to various compounds through several processes: ethanol fermentation, aka alcoholic fermentation, is the production of ethanol and carbon dioxide; lactic acid fermentation refers to two means of producing lactic acid: homolactic fermentation is the production of lactic acid exclusively