Comte's stages were (1) the theological stage, (2) the metaphysical stage, and (3) the positive stage. (1) The Theological stage was seen from the perspective of 19th century France as preceding the Enlightenment, in which man's place in society and society's restrictions upon man were referenced to God.
For the Worcestershire village, see Hallow, Worcestershire. To hallow is to make holy or sacred, to sanctify or consecrate, to venerate. The adjective form hallowed, as used in The Lord's Prayer, means holy, consecrated, sacred, or revered. The noun form hallow, as used in Hallowtide, is a synonym of the word saint.
To understand why God's name should be hallowed, we first need to understand that the Jews (God's chosen people) had different naming customs than we do today. To a Jew, a person's name was more than just a way to identify them physically; their name also reflected their nature.