In this electron micrograph, many adjacent mitochondria are visible within the muscle cell. Itâs no coincidence that they are located close to one another â they do that in order to share glucose, amino acids and fatty acids in order to distribute the production of ATP across a coordinately linked network.
Swallowing involves roughly 50 muscles and many nerves, to move food and drink from the mouth into the stomach. Swallowing disorders, also called dysphagia, occur when nerve control or structures involved in the process are disrupted or not functioning properly. Many conditions can cause swallowing problems, among them: 1  Head, neck or chest injury. 2  Cancer of the head, neck, or food tube (esophagus) , or treatment of these cancers.
1 Dysphagia means difficulty swallowing. 2  Swallowing is a complex action involving the muscles and nerves within the pharynx and esophagus, a swallowing center in the brain, and nerves that connect the pharynx and esophagus to the swallowing center. 3  Dysphagia should be differentiated from odynophagia and globus sensation.