Reflux nephropathy can also occur from swelling of the ureters after a kidney transplant or from injury to the ureter. Risk factors for reflux nephropathy include: 1  Abnormalities of the urinary tract.  Personal or family history of vesicoureteral reflux.
Diversion is an attempt to divert, or channel out, youthful offenders from the juvenile justice system (Bynum and Thompson, 1996:430). The concept of diversion is based on the theory that processing certain youth through the juvenile justice system may do more harm than good (Lundman, 1993).
Diversion of the exhaust gases is what controls the speed of the turbine that regulates the rotating speed of the compressor. A wastegate's primary function is to control boost pressure to protect the engine and turbocharger from damage.