High doses of vitamin B2, such as 400 milligrams, treat migraine headaches. Riboflavin treats acne, canker sores, memory loss and muscle cramps. The recommended daily allowance, or RDA, of riboflavin is 1.3 milligrams for adults. The Linus Pauling Institute reveals that deficiencies in humans appear with intakes of less than 0.5 milligrams per day.
Substance abuse is more likely to be diagnosed among those who have just begun taking drugs and is often an early symptom of substance dependence. However, substance dependence can appear without substance abuse, and substance abuse can persist for extended periods of time without a transition to substance dependence.
The abuse may take the form of verbal abuse, sexual abuse, physical battering, or psychological (emotional) unavailability. Abuse is a learned behavior and has an escalating cycle; abusive behavior cuts across all racial, ethnic, educational, and socioeconomic boundaries. drug abuse see drug abuse.