Reflux nephropathy can also occur from swelling of the ureters after a kidney transplant or from injury to the ureter. Risk factors for reflux nephropathy include: 1  Abnormalities of the urinary tract.  Personal or family history of vesicoureteral reflux.
Diversion is an attempt to divert, or channel out, youthful offenders from the juvenile justice system (Bynum and Thompson, 1996:430). The concept of diversion is based on the theory that processing certain youth through the juvenile justice system may do more harm than good (Lundman, 1993).
divert. 1  To turn aside from a course. The workers diverted the stream away from the road. 2  To distract. Don't let him divert your attention; keep your eye on the ball. 3  To entertain or amuse (by diverting the attention)