Inlet contraction exists if the anteroposterior diameter is 10 cm or less or if the transverse diameter is 11.5 cm or less. Midpelvic contraction exists if the sum of the measurements in centimeters of the interspinous diameter (normally 10.5 cm) and the posterior sagittal diameter (normally 5 cm) is 13.5 cm or less.
The juice that results from the cane crush is used to produce sugar and ethanol. Most of Brazil's 430 active mills can produce both. How much of each product is made varies according to market conditions and technical aspects of the mill's design.
The starch in the corn is fermented into sugar, which is then fermented into alcohol. Sugar cane and sugar beets are the most common ingredients used to make ethanol in other parts of the world. Because alcohol is created by fermenting sugar, sugar crops are the easiest ingredients to convert into alcohol. Brazil, the world's second-largest fuel ethanol producer, makes most of its ethanol from sugar cane. Most of the cars in Brazil are capable of running on pure ethanol or on a blend of gasoline and ethanol.