However, unlike ethanol, methanol is highly toxic and unfit for consumption. At room temperature, it is a polar liquid, and is used as an antifreeze, solvent, fuel, and as a denaturant for ethanol. It is also used for producing biodiesel via transesterification reaction.f as little as 10 mL of pure methanol is ingested, for example, it can break down into formic acid, which can cause permanent blindness by destruction of the optic nerve, and 30 mL is potentially fatal, although the median lethal dose is typically 100 mL (3.4 fl oz) (i.e. 1â2 mL/kg body weight of pure methanol).
Present Value of a Perpetuity (t â â and n = mt â â). For a perpetuity, perpetual annuity, the number of periods t goes to infinity therefore n goes to infinity. The. term in equation (11) goes to 0 and the 1/(1 + i) n in the second term also goes to 0 leaving just formula (5).
What is the difference between Present Value (PV) and Net Present Value (NPV)? Present value is the result of discounting future amounts to the present. For example, a cash amount of $10,000 received at the end of 5 years will have a present value of $6,210 if the future amount is discounted at 10% compounded annually. Net present value is the present value of the cash inflows minus the present value of the cash outflows. For example, let's assume that an investment of $5,000 today will result in one cash receipt of $10,000 at the end of 5 years.