Reflux nephropathy can also occur from swelling of the ureters after a kidney transplant or from injury to the ureter. Risk factors for reflux nephropathy include: 1  Abnormalities of the urinary tract.  Personal or family history of vesicoureteral reflux.
Diversion is an attempt to divert, or channel out, youthful offenders from the juvenile justice system (Bynum and Thompson, 1996:430). The concept of diversion is based on the theory that processing certain youth through the juvenile justice system may do more harm than good (Lundman, 1993).
Generally, agreeing to diversion means you are willing to take responsibility for your charge(s) (which is not necessarily the same as accepting that you are guilty of the offence). It also means that you are willing to do some things to finish your case without pleading guilty or having a trial.