With aircraft, other factors affecting optimum cruise altitude include payload, center of gravity, air temperature, humidity, and speed. This altitude is usually where the higher ground speeds, the increase in aerodynamic drag power, and the decrease in engine thrust and efficiency at higher altitudes are balanced. Typical cruising airspeed for a long-distance commercial passenger aircraft is 475â500 knots (878â926 km/h; 546â575 mph).
The process of saturation and slumping continues, leading to failure of dam. c) Structural Failure: About 25% of failure is attributed to structural failure, which is mainly due to shear failure causing slide along the slopes. The failure may be due to:
Behind this dam more snow melts causing the ice to keep building up. Eventually, the ice dam forces water (melted snow) to back up under the shingles, damaging the shingles, and allowing the water to leak down to the ceilings and walls below. Additionally, ice dams may also cause mold and mildew to form in attics and on wall surfaces. To prevent ice dams attic bypasses must be eliminated! Fact Sheet on Ice Dams