In August, the warmest month, the average day time temperature rises to 94.7Â°F. The driest month in San Antonio is January with 1.66 inches of precipitation, and with 4.72 inches May is the wettest month.
Learned Helplessness. BIBLIOGRAPHY. The term learned helplessness was coined by psychologists Martin Seligman and Steven Maier in 1967 to describe the behavior of dogs who, after experiencing inescapable electric shocks behaved as if they were helpless.As with many terms in psychology, learned helplessness is both descriptive and explanatory.earned Helplessness. BIBLIOGRAPHY. The term learned helplessness was coined by psychologists Martin Seligman and Steven Maier in 1967 to describe the behavior of dogs who, after experiencing inescapable electric shocks behaved as if they were helpless.
After the definitive studies (e.g., Seligman and Maier, 1967; Overmier and Seligman, 1967), there was a proliferation of research in learned helplessness in animals, as well as research that claimed to demonstrate learned helplessness in humans.aier and Seligman (1976) listed alternative explanations of the helplessness effect in animals. For example, there was the theory that inescapable shock is an extreme stressor that depletes a neurochemical needed by the animals for movement.