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The Mass Spectrometer. In order to measure the characteristics of individual molecules, a mass spectrometer converts them to ions so that they can be moved about and manipulated by external electric and magnetic fields. The three essential functions of a mass spectrometer, and the associated components, are:
6 How do atoms absorb & emit light? â¢ Key idea: Energy â¢ A photon carries energyâ¢ Electron in orbit has energy because it is moving and it is pulled by nucleus. â¢ When atom absorbs photon, energy of photon promotes electron to higher energy.