Before starting the bending operations the hydraulic pressure / water level / flow switches etc. are checked. The pipe is now heated by induction to the temp of 815 - 995 C. By pushing the pipe by push clamp the bending of the pipe is started slowly and carried out at speed of 10 - 40 mm/min. The bending operation is stopped at the specified angle of bend and predetermined arc length.
For example; 'income' is a variable that can vary between data units in a population (i.e. the people or businesses being studied may not have the same incomes) and can also vary over time for each data unit (i.e. income can go up or down). A continuous variable is a numeric variable.
variable costs. any COSTS that tend to vary directly with the level of output. They represent payments made for the use of variable factor-inputs, notably raw materials and direct labour. A firm will leave a market if in the short run it cannot earn sufficient SALES REVENUE to cover its total variable cost.