With aircraft, other factors affecting optimum cruise altitude include payload, center of gravity, air temperature, humidity, and speed. This altitude is usually where the higher ground speeds, the increase in aerodynamic drag power, and the decrease in engine thrust and efficiency at higher altitudes are balanced. Typical cruising airspeed for a long-distance commercial passenger aircraft is 475â500 knots (878â926 km/h; 546â575 mph).
The process of saturation and slumping continues, leading to failure of dam. c) Structural Failure: About 25% of failure is attributed to structural failure, which is mainly due to shear failure causing slide along the slopes. The failure may be due to:
About three miles past this sign is the recently closed road that traverses Optima Dam. The road was closed after money to make repairs to guardrails evaportated. Lake Optima is perhaps the biggest failure in the Corps of Engineersâ long history of building reservoirs. It took 10 years of planning and construction to build the dam, at a cost of almost $50 million. Panhandle leaders had been pushing for a large lake for decades before that.