Special districts in some urban areas in which local governments have joined forces and resources, claiming responsibility for a broader range of activities, and aiming to reduce waste and duplicated efforts through a more efficient, cohesive system. One deterrent is the submission, to some extent, of local autonomy.
Cause. Malaria is caused by the protozoan parasite Plasmodium. Human malaria is caused by four different species of Plasmodium: P. falciparum, P. malariae, P. ovale and P. vivax. Humans occasionally become infected with Plasmodium species that normally infect animals, such as P. knowlesi.
Brief Summary. Plasmodium falciparum is one of the two protozoan parasites responsible for most of the world's cases of human malaria (the other being P. vivax). Hay et al. (2010) estimated that in 2010 there were around 450 million clinical cases of P. falciparum malaria in the world.rief Summary. Plasmodium falciparum is one of the two protozoan parasites responsible for most of the world's cases of human malaria (the other being P. vivax). Hay et al. (2010) estimated that in 2010 there were around 450 million clinical cases of P. falciparum malaria in the world.