Piperine is extracted from black pepper using dichloromethane. Aqueous hydrotropes can be used in the extraction to result in high yield and selectivity. The amount of piperine varies from 1â2% in long pepper, to 5â10% in commercial white and black peppers.
The United States Secretary of Defense is the head of the Department of Defense. The current Secretary of Defense is Chuck Hagel, who was nominated by President Barack H. Obama and approved by the US Senate on February 27, 2013.
The secretary of defense is the president's adviser on military and international security policy. James Mad Dog Mattis is Trump's pick to fill the role, which is currently occupied by Ash Carter. United States Attorney General. Sen. Jeff Sessions is Donald Trump's pick to serve as U.S. Attorney General.