Transcription. Transcription is the name given to the process where the information in a gene in a DNA strand is transferred to an RNA molecule. The coding strand and the template strand of DNA. The important thing to realise is that the genetic information is carried on only one of the two strands of the DNA. This is known as the coding strand.
1 Sugar diffuses from the mesophyll in the leaf to the phloem cells in the vascular bundles. 2  Specialized cells called companion cells load the dissolved sugar into the sugar-conducting cells (called sieve elements) of the phloem by using cellular ATP as an energy source. - collections of similar cells that serve a specific purpose by functioning together. 2  Unlike animals, the major organs of plants (roots, stems, and leaves) are all composed of the same three tissues (epidermis, vascular tissues, and ground tissues).
In eukaryotes -- including humans -- almost all cell division includes mitosis. Certain specialized cells called germ cells can also divide replicated DNA through meiosis, which results in specialized cells containing only one copy of each chromosome. Most cells have two copies of each.ukaryotes are organisms which have cells containing membrane-bound compartments called organelles, such as the nucleus and mitochondria. Prokaryotes, on the other hand, do not have such compartments. Therefore, cell division occurs somewhat differently in prokaryotes.