Piperine is extracted from black pepper using dichloromethane. Aqueous hydrotropes can be used in the extraction to result in high yield and selectivity. The amount of piperine varies from 1â2% in long pepper, to 5â10% in commercial white and black peppers.
The United States Secretary of Defense is the head of the Department of Defense. The current Secretary of Defense is Chuck Hagel, who was nominated by President Barack H. Obama and approved by the US Senate on February 27, 2013.
Gen. John Kelly at the Pentagon last January, the month he retired from the Marine Corps. Donald Trump picked John F. Kelly on Monday to lead the Homeland Security Department, putting an outspoken retired Marine general in charge of delivering Trumpâs promised crackdown on illegal immigration. Kelly, who lost a son in combat in Afghanistan, is the third recently retired general to join Trumpâs Cabinet.