1 Orthopaedics-the diagnosis and treatment, including surgery, of diseases and disorders of the musculoskeletal system, including bones, joints, tendons, ligaments, muscles and nerves. 2  Otolaryngology-the medical and surgical care for diseases of the ears, nose and throat (ENT).
Gold, diamonds, cobalt, copper and oil are major resources that are mined from the region; most mining is small scale, artisanal, and unregulated. Recently, mining groups have targeted coltan and cassiterite, rare minerals used in electronics such as mobile phones.
The Mining Industry Today The South African mining industry is the fifth largest in the world (Chamber of Mines 2012a, p. 12). South Africa is still considered to be âthe country with the worldâs largest mineral endowmentâ (Carroll 2012, p.1).he Mining Industry Today The South African mining industry is the fifth largest in the world (Chamber of Mines 2012a, p. 12). South Africa is still considered to be âthe country with the worldâs largest mineral endowmentâ (Carroll 2012, p.1).