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There are two basic types of DNA testing that can be done before delivery. These include amniocentesis and CVS, or Chorionic Villus Sampling. An amniocentesis is generally performed during the second trimester of pregnancy. Typically, it would take place between the 14th and the 20th week of pregnancy.
NIPT for Down syndrome works by analysing the DNA fragments present in the maternal plasma during pregnancy. This is known as cell-free DNA. Most of this cell-free DNA comes from the mother (cell-free maternal DNA), but around 10%-20% of it comes from the unborn baby (cell-free fetal DNA).