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Cohort Study is an observational study in which a group of individuals â a cohort â are followed over a period of time in order to determine either the incidence rate of certain diseases or the risk factors that lead to those diseases. These studies can be either prospective or retrospective.
cohort: A well-defined group of people who have had a common experience or exposure, who are then followed up for the incidence of new diseases or events, as in a cohort or prospective study. A group of people born during a particular period or year is called a birth cohort.