High PTH levels may be caused by: 1  A parathyroid gland growth (hyperplasia) or a parathyroid tumor. 2  A low level of calcium in the blood. 3  Some types of cancer, such as of the lung, kidney, pancreatic, or ovarian cancer.
MTOR inhibitors What are MTOR inhibitors. Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors block the activity of the mammalian target of rapamycin. Mammalian target of rapamycin is a protein kinase, which regulates growth factors that stimulate cell growth and angiogenesis. In certain cancers the mTOR pathway is more active. Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors are used in treatment of renal cancer and is being studied for use in other types of cancers.
MAPK/ERK pathway. The MAPK/ERK pathway (also known as the Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK pathway) is a chain of proteins in the cell that communicates a signal from a receptor on the surface of the cell to the DNA in the nucleus of the cell.