Piperine is extracted from black pepper using dichloromethane. Aqueous hydrotropes can be used in the extraction to result in high yield and selectivity. The amount of piperine varies from 1â2% in long pepper, to 5â10% in commercial white and black peppers.
The United States Secretary of Defense is the head of the Department of Defense. The current Secretary of Defense is Chuck Hagel, who was nominated by President Barack H. Obama and approved by the US Senate on February 27, 2013.
David Shulkin is the current under secretary of the Veterans Affairs Department. President-elect Trump announced him as his pick to officially lead the Department of Veterans Affairs. WASHINGTON â President-elect Donald Trump on Wednesday announced his choice of David Shulkin to lead the Department of Veterans Affairs. Shulkin is the current undersecretary for health at the VA and has been in that post since July 2015. I'll tell you about David: He's fantastic, he's fantastic, Trump said. He will do a truly great job.