APA style. APA Style is a writing style and format for academic documents such as journal articles and books. It is described in the style guide of the American Psychological Association (APA), which is titled the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association.
A pain doctor, also called a pain specialist or pain management specialist, is a medical doctor (M.D.) or doctor of osteopathy (D.O.) who specializes in pain medicine.
What to Expect During Your First Pain Management Appointment. A pain clinic is a health care facility staffed with pain management specialists who work together (or independently) to diagnose and treat chronic pain conditions.