Starting from a base (or reference) year, a price index Pt represents the price of the commodity bundle over time t. In base year zero, P0 is set to 100. If for example the base year is 1992, real values are expressed in constant 1992 dollars, based at 100 for 1992. Also imagine for example, that the price of the commodity bundle has increased in the first year by 1%, then Pt rises from P0 = 100 to P1 = 101.
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How Many Ounces Can a Letter Weigh Before There's a Need to Add Another Stamp? The cost of a first-class stamp is $0.49, according to the United States Postal Service website as of November 2017. One needs a single stamp to mail a letter that weighs one ounce or less. Each additional ounce carries with it a cost of $0.21. This is the cost for mailing when stamps are purchased at the post office. There can be other additional charges as well, depending on the shape and size of the letter. Cost of Postage Through Metered Mail There is a slight discount for metered mail. The cost to mail a one-ounce letter through metered mail is $0.46, with a charge of $0.21 per additional ounce. Metered mail is mail that is sent by businesses, and it includes self-addressed stamped envelopes.