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Typhoid fever is a type of enteric fever along with paratyphoid fever. The cause is the bacterium Salmonella typhi, also known as Salmonella enterica serotype typhi, growing in the intestines and blood.Typhoid is spread by eating or drinking food or water contaminated with the feces of an infected person.Risk factors include poor sanitation and poor hygiene.reatment of the disease with antibiotics reduces the case-fatality rate to about 1%. When untreated, typhoid fever persists for three weeks to a month. Death occurs in 10% to 30% of untreated cases. In some communities, however, case-fatality rates may reach as high as 47%.
In general, symptoms of typhoid fever may appear 3 to 60 days after infection. When a person becomes infected with the bacteria (Salmonella typhi) that cause typhoid fever, the bacteria begin to multiply and spread into the bloodstream. After 3 to 60 days, typhoid fever symptoms can occur.