A blood calcium level that is too HIGH, and is associated with a HIGH parathyroid hormone level MUST be due to a tumor in the parathyroid gland. That is, the high blood calcium is a result of the excess parathyroid hormone (PTH). It is the parathyroid gland that is the problem.
Urethral sphincters. The urethral sphincters are two muscles used to control the exit of urine in the urinary bladder through the urethra. The two muscles are either the male or female external urethral sphincter and the internal urethral sphincter. When either of these muscles contracts, the urethra is sealed shut.
Normally, nerve signals trigger your bladder to squeeze out urine when it gets full. But damaged nerves can tell your bladder to squeeze when it isnât full. Nerve damage can also cause the muscles around the urethra (the tube that takes urine out of your bladder) to be too loose. That leads to leaks.