Authoritarian regimes are also sometimes subcategorized by whether they are personalistic or populist. Personalistic authoritarian regimes are characterized by arbitrary rule and authority exercised mainly through patronage networks and coercion rather than through institutitions and formal rules..
Fluid accumulation is the most common cause of conductive hearing loss in the middle ear, especially in children. Major causes are ear infections or conditions that block the eustachian tube, such as allergies or tumors.
Hearing loss is classified as conductive or sensorineural (Table 1) . Conductive hearing loss is usually caused by problems in the external or middle ear that interfere with transmitting sound and its conversion to mechanical vibrations.