Secondary stress. A secondary stress is any stress in the structure which is not a primary stress or peak stress. Source: API SPEC 16R, Specification for Marine Drilling Riser Couplings, Exploration and Production Department, First Edition, January 1997. Global Standards.
Two groups of ground nesting bees commonly. found in Michigan are bumble bees and. burrower (andrenid) bees. Bumble bees are. easily recognized by their large, robust, hairy, black and yellow (sometimes orange) bodies. Bumble bees live in colonies of several. hundred individuals, but only the queens.
Like some other bee species, honey bees are social and live in colonies numbering in the thousands. Three types of adult honey bees reside in one colony: the queen, male drones and infertile female workers. In each colony, there is only one egg-laying queen, but there are thousands of workers.