The partially digested food arriving from the stomach stimulates the duodenum to produce hormones. These hormones tell the pancreas to release digestive enzymes, and the gallbladder to release bile. Much of the food digestion takes place in the duodenum.
Vertebral artery dissection (abbreviated VAD, often vertebral dissection) is a dissection (a flap-like tear) of the inner lining of the vertebral artery, which is located in the neck and supplies blood to the brain.fter the tear, blood enters the arterial wall and forms a blood clot, thickening the artery wall and often impeding blood flow. The symptoms of vertebral artery dissection include head and neck pain and intermittent or permanent stroke symptoms such as difficulty speaking, impaired coordination and visual loss.
A stroke can either be caused by blockage in the vertebral or basilar artery or the breaking off of a piece of plaque (embolus) that travels downstream and blocks a portion of the blood flow to the brain. Basic anatomy. The vertebral arteries are branches of the subclavian (upper extremity) arteries.