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He originated the theory of uniformitarianism âa fundamental principle of geologyâwhich explains the features of the Earth's crust by means of natural processes over geologic time. Hutton's work established geology as a proper science, and thus he is often referred to as the Father of Modern Geology.
Charles Lyell was the author of Principles of Geology, in which he introduced the theory of uniformitarianism. Charles Lyell lived from 1797 to 1875. Throughout his life, his first love was geology. By using his studies of the Earth, Lyell was one of the first scientists to try and create a time scale for the history of the earth. His book titled Principles of Geology is thought to be one of the most important scientific books ever written because it proposed a way to study the forces that changed the geology of the earth by observing geology of the modern world.