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A gene (def) is a segment of DNA that codes for a functional product (mRNA, tRNA, or rRNA). Since the vast majority of genes are transcribed into mRNA and mRNA is subsequently translated into polypeptides or proteins, most genes code for protein synthesis. gene (def) is a segment of DNA that codes for a functional product (mRNA, tRNA, or rRNA). Since the vast majority of genes are transcribed into mRNA and mRNA is subsequently translated into polypeptides or proteins, most genes code for protein synthesis.
The Proportion of the DNA That Codes for Genes. 12 Introns and Exons â¢ Portions of the mRNA are removed before translation. Mutations â¢ Point Mutation â change in a single nucleotide of the DNA sequence. â¢ Insertions and Deletions â changes one or more nucleotides in the DNA sequence.he Proportion of the DNA That Codes for Genes. 12 Introns and Exons â¢ Portions of the mRNA are removed before translation. Mutations â¢ Point Mutation â change in a single nucleotide of the DNA sequence. â¢ Insertions and Deletions â changes one or more nucleotides in the DNA sequence.