We describe a bond having one end slightly positive and the other end slightly negative as being polar. Inductive effects. An atom like fluorine which can pull the bonding pair away from the atom it is attached to is said to have a negative inductive effect.
These genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are designed for many reasons, including: pesticide and disease resistance, drought/frost resistance, increased yields, enhanced nutritional content and as a way to produce drugs or vaccines at low cost on a large scale.
Growth occurs by an increase in the number of cells and/or by a (limited) increase in cell size. Increase in cell number takes place as a result of division of cells. This is the basis of asexual reproduction. This cell division process frequently occurs during the development of a plant or animal.