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A gene (def) is a segment of DNA that codes for a functional product (mRNA, tRNA, or rRNA). Since the vast majority of genes are transcribed into mRNA and mRNA is subsequently translated into polypeptides or proteins, most genes code for protein synthesis. gene (def) is a segment of DNA that codes for a functional product (mRNA, tRNA, or rRNA). Since the vast majority of genes are transcribed into mRNA and mRNA is subsequently translated into polypeptides or proteins, most genes code for protein synthesis.
To express our genetic instructions, a gene sequence is copied or âtranscribedâ into a ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecule, which travels out of the nucleus into the fluid within the cell (cytoplasm), and is âtranslatedâ into a final protein product. A basic schematic of gene transcription and translation.