The underside of the monarch butterflies' wings can be seen when the butterfly is at rest or when it is feeding on a flower. Instead of bright orange, the underside is more drab and orange-brown. Males and females can be told apart by looking at the top of their hind wings.
Of the Europeans who scrambled for control of Africa at the end of the 19th century, Belgium's King Leopold II left arguably the largest and most horrid legacy of all. While the Great Powers competed for territory elsewhere, the king of one of Europe's smallest countries carved his own private colony out of 100km2 of Central African rainforest.
Rudolph II was one of the most colorful rulers of Bohemia, and inadvertently, one of the most influential. Rudolph, a member of the House of Habsburg, was born in Vienna on July 18, 1552. The Habsburg family held the crowns of Bohemia, Hungary, and Croatia; it was also the family that ruled the Holy Roman Empire. At the age of twenty, Rudolph became the King of Hungary and Croatia. In 1575, he was crowned King of Bohemia.