The allegory not only draws on the theory of forms, but it is connected both to the concept of forms and Plato's theory of the stages of life. 1  At the lowest stage, the cognitive stage of imagination (in Greek, eikasia), the prisoners exist bound and hindered in their perspective.
Since any orbital can hold a maximum of two electrons, the bonding orbital in H 2 + is only half-full. This single electron is nevertheless enough to lower the potential energy of one mole of hydrogen nuclei pairs by 270 kJ quite enough to make them stick together and behave like a distinct molecular species.
There are different ideas of what an electron is. One idea syas that an electron is part of an atom. Depending on the kind of atom, an atom can have 1 to 103 electrons. Each electron is extremely tiny. The mass (weight) of an electron is approximately equal to 1/1836 that of a hydrogen atom, which has one electron and one proton, so an electron is 1/1836th the size of a proton. Electrons carry a small electronically negative charge. In this model, electrons are in constant motion around the center of the atom.