Certification vs. Licensing. Some biologists are certified. Your friends may use the terms interchangeably, but a certification is not the same thing as a license. Many professional occupations in the U.S. require a license from a state regulatory board.
The genogram is a pictorial graph of the structure and characteristics of a family across three or more. generations. The genogram will not replace traditional Pedigree Charts and Family Group Records for use. in genealogical research, but it can provide a way to look beneath the surface of names, dates, and places so.
A cladogram is a stylized diagram that looks like a series of Y's or forks in a road. At each branch, or Y junction, novel characters of evolutionary origin are used to separate off one group from the rest. Cladograms can be constructed for any group of organisms. For example, the following organisms are a set from which a cladogram can be made; kangaroo, earthworm, amoeba, lizard, cat, sponge, and salmon. Each of these creatures has an evolutionary relationship to one another.