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An acid (from the Latin acidus/acÄre meaning sour) is a chemical substance whose aqueous solutions are characterized by a sour taste, the ability to turn blue litmus red, and the ability to react with bases and certain metals (like calcium) to form salts.Aqueous solutions of acids have a pH of less than 7. strong acid is one that completely dissociates in water; in other words, one mole of a strong acid HA dissolves in water yielding one mole of H + and one mole of the conjugate base, A â , and none of the protonated acid HA.
The strength of an acid refers to its ability or tendency to lose a proton (H +). A strong acid is one that completely ionizes (dissociates) in a solution. In water, one mole of a strong acid HA dissolves yielding one mole of H + (as hydronium ion H 3 O +) and one mole of the conjugate base, A â .or concentrated solutions of strong acids with a pH less than about zero, the Hammett acidity function is a better measure of acidity than the pH. Sulfonic acids, which are organic oxyacids, are a class of strong acids. A common example is p-toluenesulfonic acid (tosylic acid).