1 Mites live naturally on dogs, but any mite in sufficient quantity can cause skin problems.  Two common types of mites that can cause mange are Demodex canis, which causes demodectic mange, and Sarcoptes scabei, which causes sarcoptic mange.
Ad. One area in which osmoreceptors are found is in the brain, specifically inside the hypothalamus. They regulate the amount of vasopressin, a hormone which tells the kidneys to retain water, which is expressed by the hypothalamus.
All of these nerve cells send impulses back to the brain. Chemoreceptors can also be found in the brain itself, monitoring pH level and alerting the brain to the presence of chemicals which could indicate a problem. A special area of the brain called the chemoreceptor trigger zone receives input from those receptors which are sensitive to chemicals which can be dangerous.