In developed countries, this typically includes adult men who are shorter than 163 centimetres (5 ft 4 in) tall and adult women who are shorter than 150 centimetres (4 ft 11 in) tall.hus thousands of men under this height were denied the ability to fight in the war. As a result of pressure to allow them entry, special  Bantam Battalions  were created composed of men who were 5 feet 0 inches (152 cm) to 5 feet 3 inches (160 cm).
Ischemic optic neuropathy is a swollen optic nerve caused by damage to one of the arteries leading to the eye. In younger individuals, this condition typically starts with a painless loss of vision in one eye caused by a blocked artery.
Papilledema results from orthograde axoplasmic flow stasis at the optic nerve head leading to edema of the nerve from the increased intracranial pressure pressing on the nerve behind the eye. Continued pressure can result in loss of axons and eventual optic atrophy.