This food is mixed with bacteria in the cecum to form feces. Waves of peristalsis move the feces slowly up the length of the ascending colon. As the feces pass through the ascending colon, bacteria digest the waste material that the human body cannot digest and liberate vitamins K, B1, B2, and B12.
Vinpocetine is a synthetic compound that is derived from a substance found in the leaves of the lesser periwinkle plant, which is also known as Vinca minor. Vinpocetine is a prescription drug in Japan and in Europe, but it is available without a prescription as a supplement in the United States and in Canada.
In an adult, cerebral blood flow is typically 750 millilitres per minute or 15% of the cardiac output. Vinpocetine enhances cerebral blood flow by dilating blood vessels and reducing blood viscosity. Vinpocetine enhances cerebral metabolism by helping to maintain healthy blood flow and oxygen utilization.1-3. Vinpocetine is derived from vincamine, the major indole alkaloid of the periwinkle plant.