Urea in high concentrations can cause oxidative stress in cells (R, R2). However, high BUN is also an indicator of other underlying conditions. High BUN indicates increased protein breakdown, which is associated with decreased immune function. A study shows that patients with elevated BUN (> 20 mg/dl) have an increased risk of infection .
Algae protein, as the name suggests, is protein powder made from algae. Algae grows in seawater via photosynthesis. By harvesting, extracting, drying, and purifying algae, supplement manufacturers have realized that you can make a pretty effective protein powder.
A protein skimmer is a type of mechanical filter, and it removes organic materials from the water in your aquarium. That includes excess bacteria and toxins from corals, waste products from animals, and even uneaten food.