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How is chain reaction controlled in a nuclear power plant? Chain reaction is controlled through using neutron absorbing materials as reactor control rods (of high neutron absorbing material), boron, and/or cadmium.
PWR control rod assembly, above fuel element. Control rods are used in nuclear reactors to control the fission rate of uranium and plutonium. They are composed of chemical elements such as boron, silver, indium and cadmium that are capable of absorbing many neutrons without themselves fissioning.