If the government has complete and absolute power over the people, that's totalitarianism. This is a repressive, unfree type of society. A democracy is a society in which people have a say in their government and elect their leaders. The opposite is totalitarianism: a totalitarian society is usually ruled by a dictator, and there is very little or no freedom. In totalitarianism, the government controls almost every aspect of life. There is no free speech or freedom of the press: certain religions and ideas may be banned. George Orwell's novel 1984 was a brilliant look at a world of totalitarianism.
An additive process is one in which something is added to the art piece to give it interest. A 2-dimensional additive process is painting, you add more paint to the canvas. A 3-dimensional additive process is coiling a clay pot, you add more clay.
In art, a medium is the material that artists use to create their art. It's that simple. Whatever a piece of art is made out of is its medium. The plural of medium is media. So, one piece of art can be made of one medium or several media. If you've ever been to an art museum or gallery, you've probably seen those little signs next to each piece that look something like this: 'Oil on Canvas' 'Tempera on Wood'