If you're a competent researcher and you spent an hour Googling the health benefits of chocolate, you'd come up with all of the key ideas and basic information presented by BÃ©liveau and Gingras in their chocolate chapter. 1  For example:
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a type of arthritis that causes lower back pain and stiffness. Back pain from AS is not the same as more common types of back pain caused by things such as muscle spasms or slipped discs. AS back pain is caused by inflammation. Itâs chronic, which means it is not a onetime thing.
benign - not dangerous to health; not recurrent or progressive (especially of a tumor) pathology - the branch of medical science that studies the causes and nature and effects of diseases malignant - dangerous to health; characterized by progressive and uncontrolled growth (especially of a tumor)