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Meiosis is the process by which a regular diploid body cell divides and becomes 4 haploid gametes. It consists of two stages: Meiosis I and Meiosis II. Meiosis I is the first division of cells and Meiosis II is the second. This process is generally similar to regular Mitosis with a few differences that effect the end products.
When the haploid cells from the parent donors come together and are fertilized, the offspring has a complete set of chromosomes and becomes a diploid cell. A haploid cell with have a haploid number, which is the number of chromosomes found within the nucleus that create one set. In humans, the haploid cells have 23 chromosomes, versus the 46 in the diploid cells. There is a difference between haploid and monoploid cells. Haploid cells have one complete set of chromosomes, whereas the term monoploid refers to the number of unique chromosomes in a biological cell.