With Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) snooping, Layer 2 devices also can make intelligent multicast forwarding decisions by examining the contents of each frameâs Layer 3 IP header. Consider the example of a heterogeneous Layer 2 and Layer 3 network that does not use IGMP snooping.ith Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) snooping, Layer 2 devices also can make intelligent multicast forwarding decisions by examining the contents of each frameâs Layer 3 IP header. Consider the example of a heterogeneous Layer 2 and Layer 3 network that does not use IGMP snooping.
â¢ Volatile substances have a tendency to vaporize whereas nonvolatile substances do not have a tendency to vaporize. â¢ Volatile substances have a high vapor pressure at normal room temperature and pressure. Nonvolatile substances do not have a high vapor pressure in these conditions.
Non-Volatile Solutes. Experimentally, we know that the vapor pressure of the solvent above a solution containing a non-volatile solute (i.e., a solute that does not have a vapor pressure of its own) is directly proportional to the mole fraction of solvent in the solution.This behavior is summed up in Raoult's Law :solvent is the vapor pressure of the solvent above the solution, Xsolvent is the mole fraction of the solvent in the solution, and. Posolvent is the vapor pressure of the pure solvent.