If you specify a negative scale, Oracle Database rounds the actual data to the specified number of places to the left of the decimal point. For example, specifying (7,-2) means Oracle Database rounds to the nearest hundredths, as shown in Table 26-1.
McCann (2000) found that households in communities with good transit use save an average of about $3,000 annually on transportation costs. Litman (2004) found annual transportation cost savings of about $1,300 per household in cities with well-established rail transit systems compared with cities that lack rail.
When you consider how expensive it is to operate both buses and rail systems, the cost to carry each passenger when the vehicles are empty can be quite high. For example, if in the course of one hour a bus only carries 6 people, it could easily cost the transit agency $20 to carry each passenger.On the other hand, a full bus that carries 60 people per hour only costs the transit agency $2 per passenger, which is likely not much more than the fare the passenger is paying.hen you consider how expensive it is to operate both buses and rail systems, the cost to carry each passenger when the vehicles are empty can be quite high. For example, if in the course of one hour a bus only carries 6 people, it could easily cost the transit agency $20 to carry each passenger.