Spironolactone has been shown to be a tumorigen in chronic toxicity studies in rats (see PRECAUTIONS). Spironolactone should be used only in those conditions described under INDICATIONS AND USAGE. Unnecessary use of this drug should be avoided.
The density of a population can be regulated by various factors, including biotic and abiotic factors and population size. Density-dependent regulation can be affected by factors that affect birth and death rates such as competition and predation.
Ecology/Predation and Herbivory - Parasitism and Mutualism. 1  Parasitism takes place when one organism (parasite) benefits at the expense of another (host). 2  Interestingly, it has proposed that sleep evolved as a defense against parasitism. 3  Mutualism is similar to parasitism except that the host is not harmed.