Alcohol is a poison (for yeast as well as for people) and so the yeast is not able to grow when the alcohol content gets too high. This is why wine is never more than about 12% alcohol.
Ideally the strong nuclear force would say how the protons and neutrons are bonded together, but there is a conceptual chasm in this area. It is unclear how the residual nuclear force (at nucleus level) emerges from the strong force (at quark level), except as a general concept that the gluons leak out.
1 Conclusion: some force called a chemical bond must successfully hold atoms together. 2  It takes energy to pull us (and therefore chemical bonds) apart. Burns or sports injuries testify that this can happen.  The obvious force/energy holding atoms together is electrical attraction between opposite charges.