Spironolactone has been shown to be a tumorigen in chronic toxicity studies in rats (see PRECAUTIONS). Spironolactone should be used only in those conditions described under INDICATIONS AND USAGE. Unnecessary use of this drug should be avoided.
The density of a population can be regulated by various factors, including biotic and abiotic factors and population size. Density-dependent regulation can be affected by factors that affect birth and death rates such as competition and predation.
Density-dependant factors may influence the size of the population by changes in reproduction or survival. Wauters & Lens (1995) studied how food availability and density combine to limit red squirrel reproduction rates. The red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris) is a small rodent inhabiting forests in Europe and Asia.