Singers in Russian Military Choir Among 92 Feared Dead After Plane Crashes Into Black Sea. Russian Military Plane Crashes into Sea. Shortly after takeoff on Sunday morning, a Russian military plane carrying 92 people crashed into the Black Sea near Sochi.
Keywords: chloride in concrete, near-infrared spectrometry, rapid determination. 1. INTRODUCTION. 1.1 Background. Penetration of chloride ions into concrete is a well-known problem, because it eventually results in. corrosion of rebars, leading to cracks, spalling, delamination and other roadway defects [1]. The problem is. particularly acute in bridge decks, which are subject to frequent salt applications during the winter months.
Sodium chloride and potassium chloride are ionic compounds. Both are solids, where cations and anions are in a closed packed structure. Sodium and potassium are group 1 metals, which have the capability to make +1 cations.Chloride is the -1 anion made by group 7 element, chlorine.Since group 1 elements are electropositive and group seven elements are electronegative, their electronegativity difference is larger. So they form ionic bonds.odium and potassium are group 1 metals, which have the capability to make +1 cations. Chloride is the -1 anion made by group 7 element, chlorine. Since group 1 elements are electropositive and group seven elements are electronegative, their electronegativity difference is larger. So they form ionic bonds.