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Neuroglia, also called glial cell or glia, any of several types of cell that function primarily to support neurons. The term neuroglia means ânerve glue.â In 1907 Italian biologist Emilio Lugaro suggested that neuroglial cells exchange substances with the extracellular fluid and in this way exert control on the neuronal environment.
Classification of glial cells: The neuroglial cells, found in the parenchyma of brain and spinal cord, are broadly classified as: 1  Macroglia, of ectodermal (neural) origin, comprising astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and glioblasts. 2  Microglia, of mesodermal origin.ll glial cells are much smaller but far more numerous than the nerve cells. They form a major component of the nervous tissue and include the the following. Neuroglia shown by Golgi's Method. 1  Neuroglial cells, found in the parenchyma of brain and spinal cord.