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Medical Definition of ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE. : an enzyme which promotes transfer of an amino group from glutamic acid to pyruvic acid and which when present in abnormally high levels in the blood is a diagnostic indication of liver diseaseâabbreviation ALT; called also glutamic pyruvic transaminase.weet. : an enzyme which promotes transfer of an amino group from glutamic acid to pyruvic acid and which when present in abnormally high levels in the blood is a diagnostic indication of liver diseaseâabbreviation ALT; called also glutamic pyruvic transaminase.
Guide. An alanine aminotransferase (ALT) test measures the amount of this enzyme in the blood. ALT is found mainly in the liver, but also in smaller amounts in the kidneys, heart, muscles, and pancreas.ALT was formerly called serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT).ow levels of ALT are normally found in the blood. But when the liver is damaged or diseased, it releases ALT into the bloodstream, which makes ALT levels go up.