Anatomy of fern fronds. The anatomy of a fern frond is relatively simple. They have a stalk which connects the base of the frond to the rest of the tree and runs along the entire length of the frond to the tip. The stalk can be separated into two parts: the stipe, which is the section of the stalk before any leafy part of the frond, and the rachis, the section with leafy tissue.
When entering a range of cell references as an argument for a function or when creating a chart, in addition to typing in the range manually, the range can also be selected using pointing. Ranges are identified by the cell references or addresses of the cells in the upper left and lower right corners of the range. These two references are separated by a colon ( : ) which tells Excel to include all the cells between these start and end points.
A cell is one of the box-like structures that fill a worksheet and each cell can be located by means of its cell reference - such as A1, F26 or W345 - consisting of the column letter and row number that intersect at the cell's location. Cell references are used in formulas, functions, charts, and other Excel commands. One advantage to using cell references in spreadsheet formulas is that, normally, if the data located in the referenced cells changes, the formula or chart automatically updates to reflect the change.