Singers in Russian Military Choir Among 92 Feared Dead After Plane Crashes Into Black Sea. Russian Military Plane Crashes into Sea. Shortly after takeoff on Sunday morning, a Russian military plane carrying 92 people crashed into the Black Sea near Sochi.
Keywords: chloride in concrete, near-infrared spectrometry, rapid determination. 1. INTRODUCTION. 1.1 Background. Penetration of chloride ions into concrete is a well-known problem, because it eventually results in. corrosion of rebars, leading to cracks, spalling, delamination and other roadway defects [1]. The problem is. particularly acute in bridge decks, which are subject to frequent salt applications during the winter months.
Chloride is a monovalent ion with -1 charge. Therefore, it has 18 electrons and seventeen protons. The electron configuration of chloride is 1 s 2 2 s 2 2 p 6 3s 2 3p 6. Chloride exists in ionic compounds such as sodium chloride, calcium chloride and HCl, which are ionic. Chloride has achieved the Argon electron configuration, therefore, stable than the chlorine atom. â¢ Chloride ion is attracted to positively charged electrodes or other positively charged chemical species, but chlorine does not.