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The phi X 174 (or ÏX174) bacteriophage was the first DNA-based genome to be sequenced.This work was completed by Fred Sanger and his team in 1977. In 1962, Walter Fiers and Robert Sinsheimer had already demonstrated the physical, covalently closed circularity of ÏX174 DNA.n 2003, it was reported by Craig Venter's group that the genome of ÏX174 was the first to be completely assembled in vitro from synthesized oligonucleotides. The ÏX174 virus particle has also been successfully assembled in vitro.
The engineered bacteria-attacking virus, or âphage,â was built using a âplug and playâ library of genes. The same approach could be used to build viruses custom tailored to target specific bacteria species, the researchers say.he researchers tested their engineered T7 phage on E. coli biofilms and found that it eliminated 99.997 percent of the microbes, which is far better than the phageâs non-engineered cousin.