Outline of Differences between Shi'is and Sunnis from the viewpoint of Shi'ism. This was written by the scholars who have compiled the Shi'ite Encyclopedia, noted below. Shi'ite Islam This is an on-line book by the famous Shi'ite scholar Tabataba'i and translated by Prof. Seyyed Hossein Nasr.
With relative and indexed files, the dynamic access mode allows you to switch back and forth between sequential access mode and random access mode while reading a file by using the NEXT phrase on the READ statement. NEXT and READ functionalities will be discussed in the next chapter.andom Access. When the access mode is RANDOM, the method of record retrieval changes as per the selected file organization. For indexed files, records are accessed according to the value placed in a key field which can be primary or alternate key. There can be one or more alternate indexes.
COBOL: Introduction. Programmers at the Console of a UNIVAC I, with Unityper and Tape Drives. Fifty years ago, each computer maker used its own programming languages to tell a computer what to do. In 1959, a group of programmers devised COBOL, a COmmon, Business-Oriented Language. Programs written in COBOL could run on more than one manufacturerâs computer. In a 1960 test, the same COBOL programs ran successfully on two computers built by different manufacturers. A small group of programmers from the computer industry and its clients wrote the new language of COBOL.