Certain factors can decrease the amount of sodium and chloride in your serum, or the portion of your blood that is not red blood cells. A lack of serum sodium is called hyponatremia, whereas a lack of serum chloride is called hypochloremia. Addison's disease can cause low serum sodium and chloride levels.
Structural family therapy (SFT) is a method of psychotherapy developed by Salvador Minuchin which addresses problems in functioning within a family.tructural family therapy helps identify family interactions by identifying the organization of that family setting. The primary assumption and foundation of this model is to identify family structure and the subsystems that are formed through the level of authority and boundaries.
Epitope mapping of complex target antigens, such as integral membrane proteins or multi-subunit proteins, is often challenging because of the difficulty in expressing and purifying these types of antigens.