Do not count mispronunciations of difficult proper nouns in the oral reading pas-. sages as errors. You may pronounce these for the children if necessary. Also, do not. count as errors dialectical equivalents (nonstandard dialects); however, these should. be noted.
A galvanic cell is also called a voltaic cell. The spontaneous reactions in it provide the electric energy or current. Two half cells can be put together to form an electrolytic cell, which is used for electrolysis. In this case, electric energy is used to force nonsponaneous chemical reactions.
The maximum emf of a galvanic cell is called the cell potential, Ecell. It is measured with a device that draws negligible current during the experiment. Ecell depends on the composition of the electrodes and the concentrations of the ions in each of the half-cells.n a competition for electrons, the half-reaction having the higher (more positivie) reduction potential undergoes reduction. The half-reaction with the lower reduction potential is therfore forced to undergo oxidation.