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Therefore, a large left-to-right shunt through a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) results in left atrial and left ventricular enlargement. The pulmonary veins and the ascending aorta can also be dilated with a sufficiently large patent ductus arteriosus (PDA).
Causes include: 1  cardiac ventricular septal defect (VSD) atrial septal defect (ASD) atrioventricular septal defect. patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) 2  vascular pulmonary shunts total/partial anomalous pulmonary venous return (TAPVR/PAPVR)