Bladder infections are caused by bacteria in the bladder. Escherichia coli (E. coli) is usually the bacteria that causes a bladder infection. Bladders normally have a small amount of bacteria in them and urinating helps flush out the bacteria, but sometimes the bacteria grows so fast it causes a bladder infection.
aspect ratio. n. 1. The width-to-height ratio of an image or of the area used to display an image. Most widescreen televisions have an aspect ratio of 16:9. 2. The span-to-mean-chord ratio of an airfoil. aspect ratio.
Note: The wing area is NOT the total surface area of the wing. The total surface area includes both upper and lower surfaces. The wing area is a projected area and is almost half of the total surface area. The aspect ratio (AR) of a wing is defined to be the square of the span (s)divided by the wing area (A). Aspect ratio is a measure of how long and slender a wing is from tip to tip. For a rectangular wing, this reduces to the ratio of the span to the chord length (c): AR = s^2 / A = s^2 / (s * c) = s / c High aspect ratio wings have long spans (like high performance gliders), while low aspect ratio wings have either short spans or thick chords (like the Space Shuttle).