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Medical Definition of histone. : any of various simple water-soluble proteins that are rich in the basic amino acids lysine and arginine and are complexed with DNA in the nucleosomes of eukaryotic chromatin.
Types of histones. Each octamer has two pairs of different histone proteins: H2A, H2B, H3 and H4. They are arranged as a pair of H2A-H2B dimers, and an (H3)2(H4)2 tetramer. There is an additional type of histone, the linker histone H1, which is present in condensed DNA. The C-terminal end is primarily responsible for histone-DNA and histone-histone interactions; 2  The N-terminal consists of a charged, flexible tail which in histones H2B and H3 bury into the minor grooves of DNA, probably to stabilise the interaction.