In order to understand the correct situation in which to use the word affect or effect, the first thing one must do is have a clear understanding of what each word means. 1  Affect is usually used as a verb. It is an action word that means to produce a change in or influence something. 2  Effect is usually used as a noun.
Shear Factor. The distance a point moves due to shear divided by the perpendicular distance of a point from the invariant line.
An arbitrary strain of 0.05 mm/mm is frequently taken as the dividing line between these two classes. Stress-strain diagram of a medium-carbon structural steel. Proportional Limit (Hooke's Law) From the origin O to the point called proportional limit, the stress-strain curve is a straight line. This linear relation between elongation and the axial force causing was first noticed by Sir Robert Hooke in 1678 and is called Hooke's Law that within the proportional limit, the stress is directly proportional to strain or