The breve is the diacritical mark that indicates a vowel should be pronounced with a short vowel sound. The breve is a half moon shape that looks like a parenthesis printed sideways with the opening at the top. It would be placed over the a in cat or the i in sit. It is used with all vowels.
Gilgit Baltistan, (formerly known as the Northern Areas), (Urdu: Ú¯ÙÚ¯Øª Ø¨ÙØªØ³ØªØ§Ù) is the northern-most autonomous territory of Pakistan. It was part of the former Princely state of Kashmir and Jammu in 1800s and later leased to British eventually liberated after a planned liberation movement led by Gilgit Scouts.
It is bordered by Afghanistan to the south, Uzbekistan to the west, Kyrgyzstan to the north, and China to the east. Pakistan lies to the south separated by the narrow Wakhan Corridor. Traditional homelands of Tajik people included present-day Tajikistan, Afghanistan and Uzbekistan.