When you get up in the morning and just before sleep, you are naturally in this state. When you close your eyes your brain automatically starts producing more alpha waves. Many studies monitoring the EEG activity of experienced meditators have revealed strong increases in alpha activity.
Bottom-up processing happens when someone tries to understand language by looking at individual meanings or grammatical characteristics of the most basic units of the text, (e.g. sounds for a listening or words for a reading), and moves from these to trying to understand the whole text.
During Reading Strategies. 1. Cueing and Self Monitoring Systems. Successful independent reading involves integrating three sets of cues. Efficient readers use all three to predict, confirm and self correct as they read. Meaning or Semantics: Readers use their background knowledge of vocabulary and word understanding.