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Therefore, a large left-to-right shunt through a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) results in left atrial and left ventricular enlargement. The pulmonary veins and the ascending aorta can also be dilated with a sufficiently large patent ductus arteriosus (PDA).
A ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt is a medical device that relieves pressure on the brain caused by fluid accumulation. VP shunting is a surgical procedure that primarily treats a condition called hydrocephalus.This condition occurs when excess cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) collects in the brainâs ventricles.hen this normal flow is disrupted, the buildup of fluid can create harmful pressure on the brainâs tissues, which can damage the brain. Doctors surgically place VP shunts inside one of the brainâs ventricles to divert fluid away from the brain and restore normal flow and absorption of CSF.