Scientific research may be defined as a systematic, controlled, empirical, and critical investigation of hypothetical propositions about the presumed relations among observed phenomena. This definition contains the basic terms necessary in defining the method of scientific research, and describes a procedure that has been accepted for centuries. However, regardless of its origin, all research begins with a basic question or proposition about a specific phenomenon. For example: Why do viewers select one television program over another?
Scallops come from sandy or muddy bottoms of most seas and oceans.
It may also refer to a few other common edible species, such as the soft-shell clam, Mya arenaria and the ocean quahog, Arctica islandica. Another species commercially exploited on the Atlantic Coast of the United States is the surf clam Spisula solidissima. Scallops are also used for food.he word clam is used in the idiom to clam up, meaning to refuse to talk or answer, based on the clam behaviour of quickly closing the shell when threatened. A  clamshell  is the name given to a container or mobile phone consisting of two hinged halves that lock together.