Scale represent the ratio of the model to the prototype (or real-life size). For example, O Scale is 1:48 Scale where 1 inch on the model equals 48 in real life. Thus, a 48' freight car would be 12 on your model railroad. Gauge is another term you will hear frequently and sometimes interchangeably. However, they are not truly one and the same. Where scale represents a model's size compared to the real thing, gauge represents the distance between the rails. Model Railroading takes place in many scales. The most popular have been labeled N, HO, O, and G. Of the four listed, N is the smallest and G is the largest.
The Fight or Flight response is a physiological response triggered when we feel a strong emotion like fear. Fear is the normal emotion to feel in response to a danger or threat. Fear also has a close relative we call anxiety. The Fight or Flight response evolved to enable us to react with appropriate actions: to run away, to fight, or sometimes freeze to be a less visible target. So it is important to think of this as a normal response, but one which can be triggered too often, by things which we perceive to be a threat to us.
Quick Answer. The reaction force of a flying bird is the upward lift by air it experiences when flapping its wings, according to The Physics Classroom. The reaction force by air is in line with Newtonâs third law of motion, which states that every action invokes an equal and opposite reaction. Continue Reading