When you get up in the morning and just before sleep, you are naturally in this state. When you close your eyes your brain automatically starts producing more alpha waves. Many studies monitoring the EEG activity of experienced meditators have revealed strong increases in alpha activity.
Bottom-up processing happens when someone tries to understand language by looking at individual meanings or grammatical characteristics of the most basic units of the text, (e.g. sounds for a listening or words for a reading), and moves from these to trying to understand the whole text.
The Reading Process. 2. Introduction. Reading is one strand of literacy. The reading process is complex and multi-dimensional. Effective. teachers have an understanding of this complexity and are able to use a range of teaching. approaches that produce confident and independent readers.