Many of the methods used in participatory research are drawn from mainstream disciplines and conventional research itself involves varying degrees of participation. The key difference between participatory and conventional methodologies lies in the location of power in the research process.
Symptoms of botulism usually start around 7-10 days after contamination. The botulinum toxins block the action of the nerves on the muscles. As a result, the first signs of botulism are muscle weakness and poor co-ordination. In the early stages the horse has muscle tremors.
These are all symptoms of the muscle paralysis caused by the nerve toxin. If botulism is not treated, advanced symptoms may cause paralysis of the arms, legs, and trunk and the muscles that help you breathe. In food-borne botulism, symptoms generally begin 18 to 36 hours after eating a contaminated food. But they can occur as early as 4 hours or as late as 10 days after eating the food.