Buttermilk: Substitute an equal amount of soymilk mixed with lemon juice. Allow the mixture to thicken 5 minutes before using. Or substitute an equal amount of vegan sour cream substitute diluted half and half with water. 1 cup buttermilk = 1 cup soymilk with 2 Tblsp lemon juice allowed to sit 5 minutes. 1 cup buttermilk = 1/2 cup vegan sour cream mixed with 1/2 cup water. Sour Cream: Use a vegan sour cream substitute.
Lay down aged cow manure as a top dressing over recently mowed grass. Use bagged commercial aged manure or buy from a reputable bulk dealer. Manure can be used to top dress grass once or twice a year, with the first application in the early spring and the second in the early fall.
In the early spring, sow field peas/oats and hairy vetch at a proportion of 60%/25%/15%.The oats provide support for the pea crop and are followed by growth of the vetch in July. This can provide ground cover for the growing season and additional nitrogen. April for green manure, mid-August-September for winter cover.