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Therefore, a large left-to-right shunt through a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) results in left atrial and left ventricular enlargement. The pulmonary veins and the ascending aorta can also be dilated with a sufficiently large patent ductus arteriosus (PDA).
A shunt valve is part of a ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt used in treating diseases such as hydrocephalus. Hydrocephalus is a condition involving an abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), the clear fluid which circulates around the brain and spinal cord, inside the skull.