The phosphate are found in the ribose-phosphate backbone of DNA. Phosphate links the sugars, called deoxyribose and from which DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid gets its name, to make up the backbone of each strand of DNA. Each sugar is linked to the next by a phosphate group. RNA, made up of ribose rather than deoxyribose, or both sugars, is similarly negatively charged.
Interquartile is a term used in statistics. In particular, the interquartile range is one measure of the spread of a distribution. A distribution is a record of the values of some variable. For example, if we found the incomes of 100 people, that would be the distribution of income in our sample.
The Interquartile Range and Outliers. In the previous post, I introduced percentiles and quartiles and said that the Interquartile Range (IQR) is found by subtracting Q3 (the third quartile) minus Q1 (the first quartile).The IQR is significant because it tells us where the middle 50% of the numbers in the data set lie. Add the resulting number to Q3 to get an upper boundary for outliers. 2  Subtract the same resulting number (from #2) from Q1 to get a lower boundary for outliers. 3  If a number in the data set lies beyond either boundary, it is considered an outlier. 4  Q3 - Q1 = 88 - 80 = 8 (The IQR).