The Marmaray, connecting the European and Asian shores of Istanbul, is the world's first sea tunnel between two continents. Turkey has opened the world's first underwater rail link between two continents, connecting Asia and Europe and allowing Prime Minister Tayyip Erdogan to realise a project dreamt up by Ottoman sultans more than a century ago.
The labium forms the floor of the dragonfly's mouth, the labrum forms the top, while the hypopharynx is inside the mouth and is used in swallowing. Conceptually, then, the mosquito's proboscis is an adaptation of the mouthparts that occur in other insects. The labium still lies beneath the other mouthparts, but also enfolds them, and it has been extended into a proboscis.
A single-celled parasite known as a sporozoan causes malaria. This sporozoan belongs to the genus Plasmodium, and the four species that threaten humans are P. falciparum, P. malariae, P. vivax and P. ovale. Of these four, P. falciparum and P. vivax are the most common, and P. falciparum is by far the most dangerous. Image: JIM GATHANY/ CDC. MOSQUITO. This blood-feeding Anopheles gambiae mosquito is one of the leading malaria vectors in the world.