The Marmaray, connecting the European and Asian shores of Istanbul, is the world's first sea tunnel between two continents. Turkey has opened the world's first underwater rail link between two continents, connecting Asia and Europe and allowing Prime Minister Tayyip Erdogan to realise a project dreamt up by Ottoman sultans more than a century ago.
The labium forms the floor of the dragonfly's mouth, the labrum forms the top, while the hypopharynx is inside the mouth and is used in swallowing. Conceptually, then, the mosquito's proboscis is an adaptation of the mouthparts that occur in other insects. The labium still lies beneath the other mouthparts, but also enfolds them, and it has been extended into a proboscis.
The Trouble With Mosquitoes. 1  Mosquitoes have been around since the Jurassic period. That makes them about 210 million years old. 2  The bumps from mosquito bites are caused by saliva. While one tube in the proboscis draws blood, a second pumps in saliva containing a mild painkiller and an anti-coagulant.