Guarantees a minimum wage of $8.25 per hour for workers 18 years of age and older; workers under 18 may be paid $.50 per hour less than the adult minimum wage. Credit for tips may not exceed 40% of the applicable minimum wage.
Predictor (common alternate for independent variable that softens the causal language. ) Carrier (mostly in the regression diagnostic literature) X variable (due to common notation) Covariate (strictly speaking this applies to variables that are observed not manipulated)
Essentially, a control variable is what is kept the same throughout the experiment, and it is not of primary concern in the experimental outcome. Any change in a control variable in an experiment would invalidate the correlation of dependent variables (DV) to the independent variable (IV), thus skewing the results.