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Vibrio cholerae is a Gram-negative, comma-shaped bacterium. Some strains of V. cholerae cause the disease cholera. V. cholerae is a facultative anaerobic organism and has a flagellum at one cell pole.. cholerae was first isolated as the cause of cholera by Italian anatomist Filippo Pacini in 1854, but his discovery was not widely known until Robert Koch, working independently 30 years later, publicized the knowledge and the means of fighting the disease.
Causes. A bacterium called Vibrio cholerae causes cholera infection. However, the deadly effects of the disease are the result of a potent toxin called CTX that the bacteria produce in the small intestine.CTX binds to the intestinal walls, where it interferes with the normal flow of sodium and chloride.he most common sources of cholera infection are standing water and certain types of food, including seafood, raw fruits and vegetables, and grains. 1  Surface or well water. 2  Seafood. 3  Raw fruits and vegetables. 4  Grains. 5  Symptoms. 6  Risk factors.