Social exclusion (or marginalization) is social disadvantage and relegation to the fringe of society.It is a term used widely in Europe, and was first used in France. It is used across disciplines including education, sociology, psychology, politics and economics.ocial exclusion (or marginalization) is social disadvantage and relegation to the fringe of society.
Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) is thought to be caused by trauma to dentoalveolar structures that have a limited capacity for bone healing due to the effects of bisphosphonate therapy. See the image below. Exposed, necrotic bone in the left anterior maxilla.
Bisphosphonates are medications used to treat diseases which result in weakened bones; most commonly these diseases include osteoporosis, osteopenia, or bone cancer. Bisphosphonates typically remain in the bones for a long time after they are usedâfrom decades to a lifetime. Fosamax (Alendronate), Actenol (Risendronate), and Boniva (Ibandronate) are the oral forms of this drug, and are used most commonly for osteoporosis.