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Ribosomes consist of two major components: the small ribosomal subunit, which reads the RNA, and the large subunit, which joins amino acids to form a polypeptide chain. Each subunit is composed of one or more ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecules and a variety of proteins.rotein synthesis begins at a start codon AUG near the 5' end of the mRNA. mRNA binds to the P site of the ribosome first. The ribosome is able to identify the start codon by use of the Shine-Dalgarno sequence of the mRNA in prokaryotes and Kozak box in eukaryotes.
DNA Viruses vs RNA Viruses. â¢ The major difference between these two types is that the RNA viruses have RNA in their genome while the DNA viruses have DNA in their genome. Both the DNA and RNA cannot be found in the same virus. â¢ RNA virus first adsorbs to the host cell surface.Then the attached virus fuses with the endosome membrane. Finally as a result of fusion of the viral, nucleocapsid is released into the cytoplasm.Unlike RNA viruses, DNA viruses pass their DNA into the nucleus of the host cell and not into the cytoplasm of the host cell. â¢ DNA polymerase enzyme is used in the replication process of DNA viruses.Since the DNA polymerase has a refining activity, the mutation level is lower in DNA viruses. RNA polymerase is used in RNA replication process of RNA viruses. The major difference between these two types is that the RNA viruses have RNA in their genome while the DNA viruses have DNA in their genome. Both the DNA and RNA cannot be found in the same virus. â¢ RNA virus first adsorbs to the host cell surface. Then the attached virus fuses with the endosome membrane.