Carbocations are species bearing a formal + charge on carbon. The have sp2 hybridization and trigonal planar geometry, with an empty p orbital on carbon, perpendicular to the plane containing the substituents (see diagrams shown to the right).
Aortic cross-clamp. An aortic cross-clamp is a surgical instrument used in cardiac surgery to clamp the aorta and separate the systemic circulation from the outflow of the heart. An aortic cross-clamping procedure serves, for example, in the repairing of coarctation of the aorta.
Crosstalk can and will typically happen between pairs/services within the same copper cable or binder. Cross talk is strongest within the same binder, and depends on the placement and proximity of pairs. It can also be strong between binders â but tends to be negligible between cables.