Social exclusion (or marginalization) is social disadvantage and relegation to the fringe of society.It is a term used widely in Europe, and was first used in France. It is used across disciplines including education, sociology, psychology, politics and economics.ocial exclusion (or marginalization) is social disadvantage and relegation to the fringe of society.
Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) is thought to be caused by trauma to dentoalveolar structures that have a limited capacity for bone healing due to the effects of bisphosphonate therapy. See the image below. Exposed, necrotic bone in the left anterior maxilla.
Osteonecrosis of the jaw occurred in 20 denosumab-treated patients (2%) and 14 zoledronic acid-treated patients (1.4%). Denosumab has also been studied in men with prostate cancer, patients with myleloma, and patients with giant-cell tumor of the bone.