When we write vectors as matrices, we tend to write an $n$-dimensional vector vector as $n \times 1$ column matrix. We emphasize that the gradient vector is defined only for scalar-valued functions. For vector valued functions, we will stick with viewing the derivative as a matrix.
Gloomy Addiction Relapse Statistics. Drug and alcohol rehab statistics show that the percentage of people who will relapse after a period recovery ranges from 50% to 90%. This is a frightening statistic and it is often used as justification for those who wish to carry on with their addiction.
The proposed hospice payment update percentage for FY 2016 is 1.8 percent. The Social Security Act requires CMS to use the inpatient hospital market basket to determine the hospice payment rate update each fiscal year.