There are 2 surgical approaches in hernia repair surgery: the open and the laparoscopic one. An approach is called open, when the surgeon makes a single incision near the location of the hernia, dissects the surrounding tissues and repairs the hernia under direct vision.
In general, we call the largest areas of land on earth the continents of the earth.
Land area is the aggregate of all surfaces delimited by international boundaries and/or coastlines, excluding inland water bodies (lakes, reservoirs, rivers). 1 square kilometer corresponds to 0.3861 square miles. 1 square meter corresponds to 10.764 square feet. Source: (mainly) CIA World Factbook (2017-01-17)