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Messenger RNA (mRNA) carries the DNA instructions for building the protein, transfer RNA (tRNA) carries the appropriate amino acid to the ribosome, and ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is the major component of a ribosome, the structure that reads codons on the mRNA and assembles amino acids into polypeptides.NA nucleotides contain a sugar called ribose; DNA nucleotides contain a similar sugar called deoxyribose. RNA has the nitrogenous base uracil, which behaves similarly to the thymine in DNA-that is, both uracil and thymine form complementary base pairs with adenine.
Building a polypeptide: Polymers are chains of subunits, monomers, linked together by chemical bonds. The bond between two amino acids is known as a peptide bond. Two amino acids, joined together by a peptide bond, are known as a dipeptide. An amino acid polymer is known as a polypeptide.here are 20100 possible different polypeptides that are 100 amino acid residues long. During the synthesis of a polypeptide, an amino acid is attached to the C-or carboxyl terminus of the existing chain.