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Messenger RNA (mRNA) carries the DNA instructions for building the protein, transfer RNA (tRNA) carries the appropriate amino acid to the ribosome, and ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is the major component of a ribosome, the structure that reads codons on the mRNA and assembles amino acids into polypeptides.NA nucleotides contain a sugar called ribose; DNA nucleotides contain a similar sugar called deoxyribose. RNA has the nitrogenous base uracil, which behaves similarly to the thymine in DNA-that is, both uracil and thymine form complementary base pairs with adenine.
During transcription, the enzyme RNA polymerase (green) uses DNA as a template to produce a pre-mRNA transcript (pink). The pre-mRNA is processed to form a mature mRNA molecule that can be translated to build the protein molecule (polypeptide) encoded by the original gene.n eukaryotes, the free initiator tRNA first binds the small ribosomal subunit to form a complex. The complex then binds the mRNA transcript, so that the tRNA and the small ribosomal subunit bind the mRNA simultaneously. Â© 2013 Nature Education All rights reserved.