A liquidated damages clause sets an amount in a contract in the event of a breach. A liquidated damages clause isn't a penalty, though it may sound like one. A penalty is usually disproportionate to the actual harm, and is meant to punish or deter breaching a contract.
Acidic stools can be caused from absorption problems from the diet and foods you eat. Some people have acidic stools as a result of a lactose intolerance.
One of the causes of acid reflux is an excess amount of acidity in the stomach. Excess acidity in the stomach can be caused by eating a diet high in sugary foods, since sugar is acid-forming. Drinking 1-3 tablespoons a day of raw apple cider vinegar can help reduce the amount of acidity in the stomach.