Brightness Perception. In physics, the luminance of an object is exactingly defined as the luminous flux per unit of projected area per unit. solid angle leaving a surface at a given point and in a given direction. A more useable definition is the amount of. visible light that that reaches the eye from an object.
Upcoding â Health care and Medicare Fraud. Upcoding is a type of fraud where healthcare providers submit inaccurate billing codes to insurance companies in order to receive inflated reimbursements.
Examples of Upcoding. 1  Example 1: You visit your doctor for a quick check-up. The code for this visit indicates she would get paid $50. 2  Example 2: Dr. Cheater diagnoses Mrs. Smith with a broken leg. Mrs. Smith's break is only a hairline fracture.