In ionic bonding, electrons are completely transferred from one atom to another. In the process of either losing or gaining negatively charged electrons, the reacting atoms form ions. The oppositely charged ions are attracted to each other by electrostatic forces, which are the basis of the ionic bond.
Entropy is a measure of the degree of the spreading and sharing of thermal energy within a system. The entropy of a substance increases with its molecular weight and complexity and with temperature. The entropy also increases as the pressure or concentration becomes smaller.
Since entropy is a state function, the entropy change of any process in which temperature and volume both vary is the same as for a path divided into two steps-heating at constant volume and expansion at constant temperature.n which CD is the disorder capacity of the system, which is the entropy of the parts contained in the permitted ensemble, CI is the information capacity of the system, an expression similar to Shannon's channel capacity, and CO is the order capacity of the system.