f is formatted output. The format specifier is a parameter of the printf function. The parameters of printf can also vary in use hence printf is variadic: printf( %3.2f\n, someNumber ); //prints a float 3 digits wide and 2 decimal places in precision.
As a result, fixed costs are sometimes called period costs. Some fixed costs are incurred at the discretion of a company's management, such as advertising and promotional expense, while others are not. It is important to remember that all non-discretionary fixed costs will be incurred even if production or sales volume falls to zero.
1 Billboard advertising costs can be different depending on the location of the billboard. 2  Areas with higher traffic can cost more compared to a billboard that is placed in an area which generates little traffic. The price can also increase depending on the duration of the contract you sign with the advertising company. 2  Because of these different factors, the price of billboard advertising has a very wide range; it can cost from $1,500 to as much as $100,000 per month.