The first recorded spelling of the family name is shown to be that of Gamel Mercer, which was dated 1168, in the Pipe Rolls of Lincolnshire, during the reign of King Henry 11, known as The Builder of Churches, 1154 - 1189.Surnames became necessary when governments introduced personal taxation.uring the Middle Ages the term was used particularly of someone who dealt in textile fabrics, especially the expensive and luxurious types of cloth such as silks, satins, and velvets. Job-descriptive surnames originally denoted the actual occupation of the namebearer, and later became hereditary.
Osteoporosis is a disease where decreased bone strength increases the risk of a broken bone. It is the most common reason for a broken bone among people who are old.Bones that commonly break include the back bones, the bones of the forearm, and the hip. Until a broken bone occurs there are typically no symptoms.steoporosis is defined as a bone density of 2.5 standard deviations below that of a young adult. This is typically measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at the hip.
The most common osteoporosis test is dual X-ray absorptiometry -- also called DXA or DEXA. It measures peopleâs spine, hip, or total body bone density to help gauge fracture risk.Read more.he most common osteoporosis test is dual X-ray absorptiometry -- also called DXA or DEXA. It measures peopleâs spine, hip, or total body bone density to help gauge fracture risk. Read more.