That year, driving a car 10,000 miles cost 9 cents a mile, and gasoline sold for 27 cents per gallon. Methodology Cost calculations in this edition of Your Driving Costs are comparable to the 2012 version. The process used to estimate annual driving costs is proprietary to AAA.
Enzymes are produced by microorganisms. These microorganisms can be modified to produce enzymes with much better yield properties and purity. Such GMMs (genetically modified micro-organisms) are however not part of the final enzyme product.
Enzymes /ËÉnzaÉªmz/ are macromolecular biological catalysts. Enzymes accelerate, or catalyze, chemical reactions. The molecules at the beginning of the process upon which enzymes may act are called substrates and the enzyme converts these into different molecules, called products. Almost all metabolic processes in the cell need enzymes in order to occur at rates fast enough to sustain life. The set of enzymes made in a cell determines which metabolic pathways occur in that cell. The study of enzymes is called enzymology. Enzymes are known to catalyze more than 5,000 biochemical reaction types.