Unsaturated pyrrolizidine alkaloids are hepatotoxic, that is, damaging to the liver. PAs also cause hepatic veno-occlusive disease and liver cancer. PAs are tumorigenic. Disease associated with consumption of PAs is known as pyrrolizidine alkaloidosis.
The venom is what causes the symptoms. The main symptoms are pain, itching, swelling and redness at the sting site. Severe pain or burning at the site lasts 1 to 2 hours. Itching often follows the pain. Swelling. The bee sting may swell for 48 hours after the sting. The swelling can be small or large.
How to Handle a Bee Sting. To stop the venom from spreading, try to remove the stinger as quickly as possible. âThe stinger can pulsate venom into a dog or cat for up to two to three minutes after being separated from the bee,â Dr. Plotnick explains. âRemoval of the stinger should be done using a credit card to scrape it out.