A person, organization, or establishment associated with another as a subordinate, subsidiary, or member: network affiliates. [Medieval Latin affÄ«liÄre, to adopt : Latin ad-, ad- + Latin fÄ«lius, son; see dhÄ(i)- in the Appendix of Indo-European roots.]
Morphine is isolated from opium in large quantities (over 1000 tons per year), although most commercial opium is converted into codeine by methylation. Morphine acts as an anesthetic without decreasing consciousness, and it is one of the most powerful analgesics known.
It has been more than 30 years since morphine was discovered to be an endogenous signal molecule in the body.1 Since then, the word âendorphinâ has been adopted as an abbreviation of âendogenous morphine,â referring to both morphine peptides and morphine itself.