Unsaturated pyrrolizidine alkaloids are hepatotoxic, that is, damaging to the liver. PAs also cause hepatic veno-occlusive disease and liver cancer. PAs are tumorigenic. Disease associated with consumption of PAs is known as pyrrolizidine alkaloidosis.
The venom is what causes the symptoms. The main symptoms are pain, itching, swelling and redness at the sting site. Severe pain or burning at the site lasts 1 to 2 hours. Itching often follows the pain. Swelling. The bee sting may swell for 48 hours after the sting. The swelling can be small or large.
The normal reaction to a bee sting is a bit of temporary pain at the location of the sting, some itching and some swelling. Some parts of the body are more sensitive than others and swelling is most noticeable on the face. Bee stings are a normal part of life in the country and a normal part of working with bees.ees and wasps and hornets are different in the way they sting and the venom they carry. Hornets and wasps do not leave a stinger behind. Bees usually leave a visible stinger in the wound and it should be removed by brushing or scraping it off as soon as possible to minimise the amount of venom received.