Patients were stratified according to tumor PD-L1 status assessed in a central laboratory by immunohistochemical testing (positive vs. negative or indeterminate), BRAF mutation status (V600 mutation-positive vs. wild-type) and American Joint Committee on Cancer stage.[Level of evidence: 1iiA]
Swallowing air excessively; Gastroesophageal reflux; Hiatus hernia; Rapid eating; Intense emotions such as fear, anxiety, excitement, joy, or euphoria [citation needed] Carbonated beverages, alcohol, dry breads, and some spicy foods; Opiate drug use; Laughing; Hiccups may be triggered by a number of common human conditions.
Hiccups are caused by a sudden contraction of your diaphragm. The diaphragm is a muscle under your lungs that helps you breathe in. The top of your windpipe (your glottis) closes immediately after your diaphragm contracts which makes the typical 'hic' sound. A hiccup is an automatic action of the body that you can't control (a reflex).