Profit is producer surplus, minus fixed costs. In other words, its price minus variable costs. Profit, however, is price minus total cost. Since fixed cost is never negative, profit will always be less.
The atom is about 10-10 meters (or 10-8 centimeters) in size. This means a row of 108 (or 100,000,000) atoms would stretch a centimeter, about the size of your fingernail. Atoms of different elements are different sizes, but 10-10 m can be thought of as a rough value for any atom.
A neutral atom has the same number of electrons and protons, Z. A mole is the amount of matter that has a mass in grams equal to the atomic mass in amu of the atoms. Thus, a mole of carbon has a mass of 12 grams. The number of atoms in a mole is called the Avogadro number, N av = 6.023 10 23. Note that N av = 1 gram/1 amu.