Once prerenal and postrenal causes are ruled out, intrinsic renal failure is likely. Intrinsic ARF, caused by disease of the renal parenchyma, accounted for 69% of cases in the Madrid study. Acute tubular necrosis (ATN), the most common type of intrinsic ARF, accounted for 45% of all cases of ARF. Most of the following discussion is therefore focused on ATN; other types of intrinsic ARF have been reviewed in detail in studies by Glassock and colleagues.
Rhythm is the repetition or alternation of elements, often with defined intervals between them. Rhythm can create a sense of movement, and can establish pattern and texture.
1 An example of rhythm is the rising and falling of someone's voice.  An example of rhythm is someone dancing in time with music.