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General Answer: An increase in salinity causes a increase in density and conversely, a decrease in salinity causes a decrease in density. The effect is quite linear, though it has a temperature dependence that affects how much the density changes. Specific Answer:
The density of pure water is 1000 kg/m 3. Ocean water is more dense because of the salt in it. Density of ocean water at the sea surface is about 1027 kg/m 3. This is a simple density-depth ocean water profile. You can see density increases with increasing depth. The pycnocline are layers of water where the water density changes rapidly with depth.