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Genetic code. The genetic code is the set of rules by which information encoded in genetic material (DNA or RNA sequences) is translated into proteins (amino acid sequences) by living cells. Specifically, the code defines a mapping between tri-nucleotide sequences called codons and amino acids; every triplet of nucleotides in a nucleic acid sequence specifies a single amino acid.
The sequence of amino acids in a protein determines its structure and function. The DNA code is a triplet code [triplet code: the genetic code made by a triplet of bases in the DNA chains: AAA; GCT; CAT etc] .he sequence of amino acids in a protein determines its structure and function. The DNA code is a triplet code [triplet code: the genetic code made by a triplet of bases in the DNA chains: AAA; GCT; CAT etc] .