Reducing Proteins or Peptides with Dithiothreitol (DTT) 1. Make a 1M diothreitol DTT stock solution in water, best to make fresh. (Try not to inhale the DTT.) 2. Add DTT to the protein or peptide solution (which is in a buffer) to a final concentration of 1mM to 10 mM DTT. Incubate for 10 min. to 30 min. The reduction may work slightly better if incubating at higher temperature, such as at 37 degrees C or at 56 degrees C. However, room temperature or ice should work too.
All chocolate is made from the cacao (cocoa) bean, and cacao beans in their natural, unprocessed, unadulterated state are rich in nutrients and beneficial to health. Cacao powder is simply the cacao bean, that through a cold-pressing process, has had the fat (cacao butter) removed.
Chocolate & Cocoa âº What is the difference between cacao and cocoa? Cacao is the bean that comes from the cacao tree, which is known by the scientific name of Theobroma cacao. Cacao pods - large football-shaped fruits - grow off the trunk and limbs of the cacao tree, and cacao beans are found inside the pods. The beans are harvested, fermented and dried. They are then cleaned and roasted, after which point the products are often referred to as cocoa..