f is formatted output. The format specifier is a parameter of the printf function. The parameters of printf can also vary in use hence printf is variadic: printf( %3.2f\n, someNumber ); //prints a float 3 digits wide and 2 decimal places in precision.
As a result, fixed costs are sometimes called period costs. Some fixed costs are incurred at the discretion of a company's management, such as advertising and promotional expense, while others are not. It is important to remember that all non-discretionary fixed costs will be incurred even if production or sales volume falls to zero.
Like many retailers, VentingDirect.com can choose to set its own prices independently. And even though manufacturers require VentingDirect.com and other retailers to display a product's minimum advertised price (or MAP), the retailer can choose to sell for less than that. But the price must be conveyed in other ways, and each individual manufacturer's MAP policy determines where the price can be seen.