Unsaturated pyrrolizidine alkaloids are hepatotoxic, that is, damaging to the liver. PAs also cause hepatic veno-occlusive disease and liver cancer. PAs are tumorigenic. Disease associated with consumption of PAs is known as pyrrolizidine alkaloidosis.
The venom is what causes the symptoms. The main symptoms are pain, itching, swelling and redness at the sting site. Severe pain or burning at the site lasts 1 to 2 hours. Itching often follows the pain. Swelling. The bee sting may swell for 48 hours after the sting. The swelling can be small or large.
Most bees or wasps only sting when provoked or threatened. Wasps and bees have venom sacs at the ends of their bodies, with a stinger that injects the venom into the victim. They can sting you even after they die. If you see a dead wasp or bee, do not pick it up: You can still get stung.