Appreciation. When the U.S. dollar appreciates, it gains value against other currencies. Say $1 goes from being the equivalent of 0.8 euros to 0.85 euros. Now 1 euro is worth a little less than $1.18. To buy that French-made 500-euro item, you now need about $588.
Astana is located in central Kazakhstan on the Ishim River in a very flat, semi-desert steppe region which covers most of the country's territory. The elevation of Astana is at 347 metres (1,138 ft) above sea level. Astana is in a spacious steppe landscape, in the transient area between the north of Kazakhstan and the extremely thinly settled national center, because of the river Ishim.
Where is Totana? Totana is in the South-west area of Murcia, 40 minutes from the capital City of Murcia, 30-40 minutes from the San Javier airport and about 1.15 minutes from Alicante airport. It is 30km from the coast and the beaches of MazarrÃ³n.