Causes and Risk Factors. Diffuse esophageal spasms can be caused by disruptions or damage to the nerves that coordinate the muscles of the esophagus. In some cases, this condition can lead to. achalasia.he esophagus is a muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach. During swallowing, it contracts in a coordinated way to move food or liquid to the stomach. Diffuse esophageal spasm causes the esophagus to contract in an uncoordinated way. As a result, what is swallowed is not pushed down into the stomach.
Other neurons heavily involved in controlling sleep and wakefulness belong to the in the brainstem. By diffusing their neuromodulating substances throughout wide areas of the brain, the neurons in these systems act as switches that adjust the cortexâs sensitivity to sensory information.
Neurotransmitters and Sleep by Richard H. Hall, 1998 Acetylcholine: Sleep and Thermoregulation In the first part of this lesson we discussed the characteristics of the stages of sleep, the sleep cycle, and the functions of sleep.he acetylcholine neurons that are most important in the sleep process have cell bodies in the Pons and the Basal Forebrain. The pons is located at the base of the brain just above the medulla.