Causes and Risk Factors. Diffuse esophageal spasms can be caused by disruptions or damage to the nerves that coordinate the muscles of the esophagus. In some cases, this condition can lead to. achalasia.he esophagus is a muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach. During swallowing, it contracts in a coordinated way to move food or liquid to the stomach. Diffuse esophageal spasm causes the esophagus to contract in an uncoordinated way. As a result, what is swallowed is not pushed down into the stomach.
Other neurons heavily involved in controlling sleep and wakefulness belong to the in the brainstem. By diffusing their neuromodulating substances throughout wide areas of the brain, the neurons in these systems act as switches that adjust the cortexâs sensitivity to sensory information.
The medulla oblongata is the part of the brain that controls  autonomic functions. Some of the functions that it controls are  digestion, breathing, heart function, and swal â¦ lowing. The medulla oblongata is most vital part of the brain bcoz it controls the respiratory system.   the medulla oblongata regulates involuntary functions, or those that â¦ are not under our control such as breathing and heart rate. 23 people found this useful.