Causes and Risk Factors. Diffuse esophageal spasms can be caused by disruptions or damage to the nerves that coordinate the muscles of the esophagus. In some cases, this condition can lead to. achalasia.he esophagus is a muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach. During swallowing, it contracts in a coordinated way to move food or liquid to the stomach. Diffuse esophageal spasm causes the esophagus to contract in an uncoordinated way. As a result, what is swallowed is not pushed down into the stomach.
Other neurons heavily involved in controlling sleep and wakefulness belong to the in the brainstem. By diffusing their neuromodulating substances throughout wide areas of the brain, the neurons in these systems act as switches that adjust the cortexâs sensitivity to sensory information.
View. comments. Scientists think they have discovered the switch in the brain that tells our bodies when to go to sleep. The discovery, made by neurologists at Oxford University, could pave the way for a treatment to combat sleep disorders such as insomnia.cientists discover the 'switch' that tells the brain to go sleep. 1  Switch works by regulating neurons in the brain when the body is tired. 2  They demonstrated the theory on fruit flies, creating insomniac insects. 3  Scientists believe there is a similar group of neurons in the human brain.