Appreciation. When the U.S. dollar appreciates, it gains value against other currencies. Say $1 goes from being the equivalent of 0.8 euros to 0.85 euros. Now 1 euro is worth a little less than $1.18. To buy that French-made 500-euro item, you now need about $588.
Astana is located in central Kazakhstan on the Ishim River in a very flat, semi-desert steppe region which covers most of the country's territory. The elevation of Astana is at 347 metres (1,138 ft) above sea level. Astana is in a spacious steppe landscape, in the transient area between the north of Kazakhstan and the extremely thinly settled national center, because of the river Ishim.
Almatinsky reserve is formed in Zailiysky Alatau. Major cities of Almaty oblast include Taldykorgan city, the capital of the region, Almaty (former capital city of Kazakhstan), Talgar, Tekeli, Panfilov, Ushtobe, and Sarkand. Kazakhs in Almaty oblast slightly outnumber Russians.n the southeast of Almaty region the Dzungarian Alatau Mountains, which border China, rise to over 13,000 feet (4,000 m) and are the origin of Karatal and other rivers that cross a sandy plain to discharge into Lake Balkhash in the northwest. The whole southern area of Almaty region is highly seismic.