Pap test. The Papanicolaou test (abbreviated as Pap test, known earlier as Pap smear, cervical smear, or smear test) is a method of cervical screening used to detect potentially pre-cancerous and cancerous processes in the cervix (opening of the uterus or womb). Pap smear is performed by opening the vaginal canal with a speculum, then collecting cells at the outer opening of the cervix at the transformation zone (where the outer squamous cervical cells meet the inner glandular endocervical cells).
In English, the exact term is an offshoot of the phrase, wall of separation between church and state, as written in Thomas Jefferson's letter to the Danbury Baptist Association in 1802. In that letter, referencing the First Amendment to the United States Constitution, Jefferson writes:
Fax:0086 773 5831392. The first wall that could be referred to as the Great Wall of China was completed by the first emperor of China, Qin Shi Huang, in the span of nine years (sometime between 221 BC - 206 BC).