Bladder cancer cannot be prevented, but you may be able to reduce some of your risk for getting it. 1  Stop smoking. Cigarette smokers are much more likely to get bladder cancer than nonsmokers. 2  Avoid exposure to industrial chemicals, such as benzene substances and arylamines.
A crude incidence, prevalence, or mortality (death rate) is one that relates to results for a population taken as a whole, without subdivision or refinement. The crude mortality from lung cancer in men in England and Wales during 1985-89 was 1034/million/year compared with 575/million/year during 1950-54.
The calculation for an age-specific rate is the same as for a crude rate. Crude rates are valuable for comparing similar population of different sizes, but the word, similar is a key concept, because crude rates can be misleading when comparing rates for populations with different age compositions.