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General Answer: An increase in salinity causes a increase in density and conversely, a decrease in salinity causes a decrease in density. The effect is quite linear, though it has a temperature dependence that affects how much the density changes. Specific Answer:
Water has great abundance on the Earth, and of that abundance about 97% is sea water. Sea water contains about 3.5% by weight of salt (sodium chloride). The salinity does vary, and the combination of salinity and temperature has a major influence on ocean currents and behavior.he salinity of the water is measured with a CTD instrument (Conductivity, Temperature, Depth). The conductivity is used to calculate the salinity in conjunction with the temperature and depth (pressure) measurements.