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Smelling salts are a chemical compound that releases small amounts of ammonia gas, which essentially jump starts your bodyâs nervous system. The ammonia causes blood vessels in your nasal passages to expand providing an instant increase in oxygen to your brain meaning an instantaneous boost of alertness and power.
Ammonia is a byproduct of the metabolism of protein. Biochemical reactions in your body rapidly convert ammonia into less harmful molecules under normal conditions. Liver disease can cause ammonia levels to build up in your body. Your brain is normally protected from the low levels of ammonia in your body by the blood-brain barrier. Liver disfunction can cause ammonia levels to build up in your brain causing permanent brain damage, a condition known as hepatic encephalopathy.