Despite Moltke's disdain for America's military efforts during the Civil War, the U.S. Army can learn. a great deal about how advances in technology can change the nature of war. The conduct of war. changed as a result of three technological advances during the Civil War: the rifled musket, the. electric telegraph, and the railroad.
The idea which emerges from this is that a strong nucleophile can attack directly, without help from an acid catalyst. For a weak nucleophile, an acid catalyst is needed so that the carbonyl carbon is prepared to share a pair of electrons as a new covalent bond.If we look at the mechanism of reaction between an aldehyde and an amine, we see how these factors balance.he idea which emerges from this is that a strong nucleophile can attack directly, without help from an acid catalyst. For a weak nucleophile, an acid catalyst is needed so that the carbonyl carbon is prepared to share a pair of electrons as a new covalent bond.
The alkanes and cycloalkanes, with the exception of cyclopropane, are probably the least chemically reactive class of organic compounds. Despite their relative inertness, alkanes undergo several important reactions that are discussed in the following section.