Presidential elections to top $5 billion in donations: Fundraisers. A demonstrator rallies outside the US Chamber of Commerce against the Citizens United Jan. 21, 2015. The 2016 US presidential elections could cost as much as $5 billion, about double the cost of 2012 election, according to top fundraisers. Democratic Hillary Clinton is believed to absorb the most donations if she chooses to run for president.
effect on sound reception. The vestibulo cochlear nerve consists of two anatomically and functionally distinct parts: the cochlear nerve, which innervates the organ of hearing, and the vestibular nerve, which innervates the organs of equilibrium.
Sound causes the eardrum and its tiny attached bones in the middle portion of the ear to vibrate, and the vibrations are conducted to the nearby cochlea. The spiral-shaped cochlea is part of the inner ear; it transforms sound into nerve impulses that travel to the brain. The fluid-filled semicircular canals (labyrinth) attach to the cochlea and nerves in the inner ear. They send information on balance and head position to the brain.