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Carbonic acid, which is a weak acid, forms when rainwater and carbon dioxide in the air react with one another. When carbonic acid comes into contact with limestone or calcium carbonate, it can cause it to dissolve over a long period of time. In nature, this reaction leads to the formation of caves.
Carbonic acid is also an archaic name for carbon dioxide. Carbonic acid is a chemical compound with the chemical formula H 2 CO 3 (equivalently OC(OH) 2). It is also a name sometimes given to solutions of carbon dioxide in water (carbonated water), because such solutions contain small amounts of H 2 CO 3.In physiology, carbonic acid is described as volatile acid or respiratory acid, because it is the only acid excreted as a gas by the lungs.Carbonic acid, which is a weak acid, forms two kinds of salts, the carbonates and the bicarbonates.n physiology, carbonic acid is described as volatile acid or respiratory acid, because it is the only acid excreted as a gas by the lungs. Carbonic acid, which is a weak acid, forms two kinds of salts, the carbonates and the bicarbonates.