Menstrual Cramps - Home Treatment. 1  Use heat, such as hot water bottles, heating pads, or hot baths, to relax tense muscles and relieve cramping. Be careful not to burn yourself.  Drink herbal teas, such as chamomile, mint, raspberry, and blackberry, which may help soothe tense muscles and anxious moods.
Ontology and Epistemology. Ontology: The branch of metaphysics (philosophy concerning the overall nature of what things are) is concerned with identifying, in the most general terms, the kinds of things that actually exist.
Constructivism and qualitative research. The following is part of a series of blog posts I wrote while taking an education PhD course on Epistemologies. A summary of all posts in the series is included in this paper: Developing an Appreciative Understanding of Epistemologies in Educational Research: One Bloggerâs Journey. This weeks topic in epistemologies was constructivism. The readings, including the first chapter of Denzin and Lincolnâs âStrategies of qualitative inquiryâ (2008), talked more about qualitative research than constructivism. Fortunately, Iâm familiar with constructivism from learning theory, and the epistemology, although different, shares many of the same ideas. One observation that I made last during my Qualitative research course back in January, and made again when doing this weekâs reading is that some of the terms used in qualitative research meant the opposite of what I expected them to mean.