The LD50 of nicotine is 50 mg/kg for rats and 3 mg/kg for mice. 0.5-1.0 mg/kg can be a lethal dosage for adult humans, and 0.1 mg/kg for children.
IPSec is a suite of protocols that provide security services at IP layer of TCP/IP stack i.e. Network Layer in OSI model. As Andy Lemke mentioned, IPSec suite comprises of two protocols to offer security to. 1. AH - Authentication Header Protocol.(Protocol no: 51) 2. ESP - Encapsulation of security payload Protocol.
IPsec is an extension to the IP protocol which provides security to the IP and the upper-layer protocols. It was first developed for the new IPv6 standard and then âbackportedâ to IPv4. The IPsec architecture is described in the RFC2401. The following few paragraphs will give you a short introduction into IPsec.o derive this HMAC the IPsec protocols use hash algorithms like MD5 and SHA to calculate a hash based on a secret key and the contents of the IP datagram. This HMAC is then included in the IPsec protocol header and the receiver of the packet can check the HMAC if it has access to the secret key.