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Abduction is a movement of a body part away from the median plane of the body (think someone raising their leg or arm away from their side). Adduction is just the opposite, meaning movement of a body part toward the median plane of the body.
Hip abduction occurs when the femur moves outward to the side, as in taking the thighs apart. Hip adduction occurs when the femur moves back to the midline. Many muscles contribute to these movements: 1  Medial rotation of the hip is carried out by gluteus medius and gluteus minimus.2  The psoas is the primary hip flexor, assisted by the iliacus. 3  The pectineus, the adductors longus, brevis, and magnus, as well as the tensor fasciae latae are also involved in flexion. The gluteus maximus is the main hip extensor, but the inferior portion of the adductor magnus also plays a role. 2  The adductor group is responsible for hip adduction. 3  Abduction primarily occurs via the gluteus medius as well as the gluteus minimus.