There was simply no need to industrialize in India. In addition, the British invasion and colonization of India did not help industrialization efforts, and although a few scattered factories surfaced, India could not industrialize. China had very similar reasons for not industrializing as India.
Isaac Hempstead-Wright, who has played Bran since Season 1, is currently 17 years old. Wright and the other child actors on Game of Thrones have continued to age at the same rate that everyone must biologically age at due to science, making it impossible for the characters themselves to age at the rate implied in the books.
Robb Stark is the oldest child of Eddard and Catelyn Stark. While he does not have any POV chapters of his own, he is mentioned frequently by the Stark POVs in A Game of Thrones and regularly appears in his mother's POV chapters in the second and third books. Robb's tame direwolf is named Grey Wind.