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A mode-locked laser is capable of emitting extremely short pulses on the order of tens of picoseconds down to less than 10 femtoseconds. These pulses will repeat at the round trip time, that is, the time that it takes light to complete one round trip between the mirrors comprising the resonator.
PWM employs a train of pulses. All pulses are flat-topped and have the same amplitude. The. pulse repetition rate (that is, the number of pulses per second) is constant. Information is. conveyed by the width of the pulses. When an analog signal is sampled, each sample value can. be encoded in the width of a pulse. The pulse repetition rate is then equal to the sampling rate. Most PWM systems are designed so that the width of an individual pulse is related to the. corresponding sample value by. (1) where and are constants.