Customize your hockey pants and protection with hockey suspenders and belts. Practice Apparel: Head to the gym with training shorts, T-shirts, hoodies and sweats, all designed with a stretchable, lightweight fit for your training.
Venous return is affected by several factors including muscle contraction, respiratory activity and gravity. Decreased venous compliance and vena cava compression also influence venous return. Other factors include valve competence, heartbeat, intrapericardial pressure, blood volume and degree of filling systematic circulation.
1 Veins have valves which maintain the unidirectional flow of blood, even against gravity. 2  Since the venous pressure is low (7 mm Hg) the valves are of utmost value in the venous return. However, the valves are absent in: 3  The veins of less than 2 mm diameter.  The venae cavae.