World Report 2014: United States. The United States has a vibrant civil society and media that enjoy strong constitutional protections. Yet its rights record is marred by abuses related to criminal justice, immigration, national security, and drug policy.
Betaine is a derivative of the nutrient choline; in other words, choline is a âprecursorâ to betaine and must be present for betaine to be synthesized in the body. Betaine is created by choline in combination with the amino acid glycine.. Betaine is used to treat alcoholic liver damage that results in the accumulation of fat in the liver. Betaine has lipotropic (fat-reducing) effects, so it has been shown to produce significant improvements in healing fatty liver disease by helping the liver to process and remove fats.
Betadine is a stable chemical complex of polyvinylpyrrolidone (povidone, PVP) and elemental iodine. It contains from 9.0% to 12.0% available iodine, calculated on a dry basis.This unique complex was discovered in 1955 at the Industrial Toxicology Laboratories in Philadelphia by H. A. Shelanski and M. V. Shelanski.uman clinical trials showed the product to be superior to other iodine formulations. Betadine was immediately marketed, and has since become the universally preferred iodine antiseptic. Betadine is only sold for the purpose of healing wounds, and not as an oral sore throat gargle, as widely thought.