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Carbonic acid, which is a weak acid, forms when rainwater and carbon dioxide in the air react with one another. When carbonic acid comes into contact with limestone or calcium carbonate, it can cause it to dissolve over a long period of time. In nature, this reaction leads to the formation of caves.
BACKGROUND: The primary mineral in limestone is calcite or calcium carbonate ( CaCO3). When carbon dioxide ( CO2 ) reacts with water, carbonic acid is produced, see BUBBLES IN YOUR. WATER ACTIVITY. When an acid, such as carbonic acid, reacts with limestone, the limestone.