The total indirect and direct cost of epilepsy in the United States is estimated to be $15.5 billion yearly. This estimate is based on a reported cost of $12.5 billion in 1995 converted to 2004 dollar value using Bureau of Labor Statistics data. 4.
Many patients with adductor type spasmodic dysphonia complain of physical fatigue, tightness of the neck, back, and shoulder muscles and shortness of breath due to their efforts to phonate through the closed glottis. The severity of the symptoms of adductor spasmodic dysphonia varies within and among individuals.
ADductor spasmodic dysphonia injection. ADductor spasmodic dysphonia is the most common type of laryngeal dystonia and involves spasms of the muscles that close the vocal folds. It could be appropriately called the strain-strangled voice. The spasms cause a choking off of the voice or interruptions of the voice. Hear samples of ADductor spasmodic dyphonia.