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Carbonic acid, which is a weak acid, forms when rainwater and carbon dioxide in the air react with one another. When carbonic acid comes into contact with limestone or calcium carbonate, it can cause it to dissolve over a long period of time. In nature, this reaction leads to the formation of caves.
Carbon dioxide in the water reacts with the calcium hydroxide to produce calcium carbonate, some of which can react with more CO2 to become calcium bicarbonate, which is quite soluble. In summary, the solubility of calcium carbonate is quite low, and the solubility of calcium hydroxide is a little less low.