ABNâs should be executed when: 1  Tests(s) are deemed by the NCD policy as not medically necessary. 2  Screening test(s) that are part of a routine examination where the patient shows no signs nor symptoms of disease. 3  Test(s) that exceed the NCC frequency limits.
Under rules governing municipal bonds, callable premium bonds must be priced to the date resulting in the worst (lowest) yield for the investor. Generally this means that the bonds are priced to the first call date. This is attractive to investors because, in the event the bonds are not called, the yield to maturity will be much higher. Furthermore, in a rising rate environment, premium bonds retain their value better than par or discount bonds.
Understanding Bond Ratings. There are over 80,000 issuers of municipal bonds in the United States. If you are thinking about buying municipal bonds, you should become familiar with credit ratings. As we stated in the previous chapter, credit risk should be your paramount concern. One data point to consider when evaluating the credit risk of a potential municipal bond is the bondâs rating.