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Contraction of heart ventricles generates blood pressure. It is the hydrostatic pressure that blood exerts against he wall of a vessel. Rigid vessels maintain blood pressure; less rigid vessels deform and blood pressure is lost.
Whenever there is a difference in pressure between two locations fluid flows from the region of high pressure to that of low by bulk flow. The heart causes blood to flow by creating a mean arterial pressure that is greater than the pressure in the veins.Hence, a pressure gradient drives the blood from the arteries to the veins. As blood flows from the arteries to the veins the pressure decreases. This decrease in pressure is called a pressure drop.The pressure drop is greatest in the arterioles and greater in the systemic compared to the pulmonary circuit.his is because the pressure at the other end is the central venous pressure which is approximately 2-8 mm Hg and very close to 0 mm Hg. In a similar way the pressure gradient in the pulmonary circuit is about 15 mm Hg which is about equal to the mean pulmonary arterial pressure.