Cognitive development is Jean Piaget's theory. Through a series of stages, Piaget proposed four stages of cognitive development: the sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational and formal operational period.
The versatility of Bifidobacterium longum as a lactic acid microorganism is reflected in its capacity to resist under harsh conditions such as stomach acid, bile, pH fluctuations, and gastrointestinal passage.
Corynebacterium spp are a small, generally nonmotile, Gram-positive commensal bacteria of the dog skin, reproductive tract and gastrointestinal tract. Corynebacteria are aerobic or facultatively anaerobic and they exhibit a fermentative metabolism (carbohydrates to lactic acid) under certain conditions. Species which are pathogenic to dogs include: 1  Corynebacterium pyogenes (purulent infections). 2  Corynebacterium auriscanis. 3  Corynebacterium epidermidicanis. 4  Corynebacterium urealyticum (cystitis). 5  Corynebacterium ulcerans (zoonotic reservoir for human diphtheria).