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Pleural fluid analysis is a test that examines a sample of fluid that has collected in the pleural space. This is the space between the lining of the outside of the lungs (pleura) and the wall of the chest. When fluid collects in the pleural space, the condition is called pleural effusion.
Cancer that spreads into the pleural cavity, or the space between the lung and the chest wall, can create fluid or a pleural effusion.This process can occur from lung cancer, mesothelioma, or other types of cancers.ancer cells of many types can gain entry into the pleural cavity, and many times cause the accumulation of fluid known as a pleural effusion. This is due to cancer cells plugging the microscopic drainage sites in the pleural lining where the body can normally absorb fluid.