There are three types of genetic disorders: 1  Single-gene disorders, where a mutation affects one gene. Sickle cell anemia is an example. 2  Chromosomal disorders, where chromosomes (or parts of chromosomes) are missing or changed. Chromosomes are the structures that hold our genes. 3  Complex disorders, where there are mutations in two or more genes.
OSI model. The Open Systems Interconnection model (OSI model) is a conceptual model that characterizes and standardizes the communication functions of a telecommunication or computing system without regard to their underlying internal structure and technology. Its goal is the interoperability of diverse communication systems with standard protocols.
- AXI / XI (Automatic Xray Inspection) for soldering and presence of components. - AOI (Automatic Optical Inspection) for soldering and components. - SPI (Solder Paste Inspection) - OI (Optical Inspection) by human. Unlike the other test methods, AOI can be applied during any and all steps in the process.