With increasing age, the kidney atrophy shifts the renal parenchyma pyelon index to 1:2:1. Renal Ultrasound Anatomy The kidney is a bean-shaped organ, which has usually a smooth convex lateral organ boundary.
Bipolar disorder may result from a chemical imbalance within the brain. The brain's functions are controlled by chemicals called neurotransmitters. An imbalance in the levels of one of these neurotransmitters, such as norepinephrine, may cause bipolar disorder. When levels of this chemical are too high, mania occurs.
Heavy use of drugs or alcohol can interfere with the way your brain processes these chemicals, causing emotional instability, erratic energy levels and depression. People with bipolar disorder may turn to drugs or alcohol out of an unconscious need to stabilize their moods.