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Botulism is a serious, potentially fatal illness caused by a type of poison. The poison â known as botulinum toxin â is produced by a kind of bacteria. Botulinum toxin is the strongest poison known to science. Botulism is always considered a medical emergency. It can cause death by paralyzing the muscles people use to breathe.
Botulism is caused by a toxin that affects nerves, and in that sense it is not an infectious disease. The botulism toxin is produced by the bacteria Clostridium botulinum, and is one of the deadliest known toxins. There are 7 different types of botulism toxin labeled A through F. Types C and E are most important in wild birds. While this toxin can also affect humans it is not a zoonotic disease.