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There are six major classes of nutrients found in food: carbohydrates, proteins, lipids (fats and oils), vitamins (both fat-soluble and water-soluble), minerals, and water. These six nutrients can be further categorized into three basic functional groups.
Carbohydrates and protein provide 4 kcal/g while fat provides the most energy, with 9 kcal/g. All foods fall into these three major categories of nutrients. It is important to understand how the body utilizes each nutrient, including their dietary sources and their functions within the body, in order to make healthy food choices as part of a well-balanced diet.