third way to determine how many equivalent protons there are is to look at the atom attached to. the proton (usually a carbon) and observe what that atom is bonded to, and then the atom bonded. to that, all the way until a difference is observed.
The goal of imperialism is  to exercise economic and political control over a dependent territory. Such control is often accomplished through settlement, sovereignty or less direct methods.
3 Reasons why Imperialism was bad. 1. One reason why imperialism hurt the world is that it started racism. The idea that one race is better than another. Africa and Asia were weak less powerful nations so the people that occupied the lands were seen as lower than the more powerful Europeans coming in with their big weapons and superiority. 2.