Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a rare (â¼1:250,000 births) disease caused by mutations in any one of the five components of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase in phagocytes. This enzyme generates superoxide and is essential for intracellular killing of pathogens by phagocytes.
Vehicles for human transport that have two wheels and require balancing by the rider date back to the early 19th century. The first means of transport making use of two wheels arranged consecutively, and thus the archetype of the bicycle, was the German draisine dating back to 1817. The term bicycle was coined in France in the 1860s.
1 Having a stationary bike on hand or using one at the gym is one of the easiest, most conveâ¦. 2  The Invention of the Spinning Cycle The stationary bicycle dates back to the late 1700s. 3  Francis Lowndes invented the bike and named it the Gymasticon.