With increasing age, the kidney atrophy shifts the renal parenchyma pyelon index to 1:2:1. Renal Ultrasound Anatomy The kidney is a bean-shaped organ, which has usually a smooth convex lateral organ boundary.
Bipolar disorder may result from a chemical imbalance within the brain. The brain's functions are controlled by chemicals called neurotransmitters. An imbalance in the levels of one of these neurotransmitters, such as norepinephrine, may cause bipolar disorder. When levels of this chemical are too high, mania occurs.
Environmental Factors in Bipolar Disorder. 1  A life event may trigger a mood episode in a person with a genetic disposition for bipolar disorder. 2  Even without clear genetic factors, altered health habits, alcohol or drug abuse, or hormonal problems can trigger an episode.