The genus Listeria contains six species, two of which are pathogenic: Listeria monocytogenes, the food-borne human pathogen responsible for listeriosis, on which this chapter is focused, and L. ivanovii, an animal pathogen.. Phages of Listeria monocytogenes are, with a few exceptions, specific with respect to the serogroup of the host cells. The major serogroups (1/2 and 4) can be differentiated on the basis of somatic antigen composition and sugar substitution of cell wall teichoic acids (TAs) (. ).
Eyelid swelling has many causes (see Table: Some Causes and Features of Eyelid Swelling). It usually results from an eyelid disorder but may result from disorders in and around the eye socket (orbit) or from disorders elsewhere in the body that cause widespread swelling. Common causes.
Puffy eyes can also be caused by lack of sleep or excessive alcohol intake. Additional causes of puffy eyes include: Normal aging process; Skin disorders such as dermatitis; Diet; Hypothyroidism; Dysfunction of tear glands; Nephritic syndrome; puffy eyes may be the first sign of this condition; Contact lenses; Allergies; Conjunctivitis; Blepharitis; Styes; Eye infections