An outcrop view of a metaconglomerate: 1  Shale is a sedimentary term. 2  Slate refers to a fine-grained, low-grade metasedimentary rock in which bedding is typically still visible: 3  Schist refers to a medium-to high-grade, medium-to coarse-grained metamorphic rock of any composition that has a fabric.
Total solar irradiance (TSI), is a measure of the solar radiative power per unit area normal to the rays, incident on the Earth's upper atmosphere. The solar constant is a conventional measure of mean TSI at a distance of one Astronomical Unit (AU).
However, we can look at the related magnetic phenomena on the Sun to sunspots: solar flares, coronal mass ejections, solar prominences. These are solar storms, a kind of burp where the Sun ejects high-speed and energetic particles which are caused by the Sun's twisting and turning magnetic field.