So you can tweak the positional difference between the placeholder text and value simply by tweaking the padding or line-height using that pseudo-element selector: input[type=text] { padding:4px; } input[type=text]::-webkit-input-placeholder { padding-top:5px; } Or whatever.
Identifying and describing action-reaction force pairs is a simple matter of identifying the two interacting objects and making two statements describing who is pushing on whom and in what direction. For example, consider the interaction between a baseball bat and a baseball.
Tidal force. The tidal force is a force that is the secondary effect of the force of gravity; it is responsible for the phenomenon of tides. It arises because the gravitational force exerted by one body on another is not constant across it: the nearest side is attracted more strongly than the farthest side. Thus, the tidal force is differential.