Hypertension is the most important modifiable risk factor for coronary heart disease (the leading cause of death in North America), stroke (the third leading cause), congestive heart failure, end-stage renal disease, and peripheral vascular disease.
The results of a survey or a cross-sectional study can also be used to estimate the relative risk. Kuzma uses the data from a community health survey of retirees to study the relationship between smoking and heart disease. The data are given in the table. Does the retiree have heart disease? (Is the disease present?) YES NO Total
Besides these methods, other methods that are used include Return on Investment (ROI) , Accounting Rate of Return (ARR), Discounted Payback Period and Payback Period. The different types of risks that are faced by entrepreneurs regarding capital budgeting are the following: Corporate risk. International risk.