Stunning blue topaz, tourmaline, and red spinel jewelry has graced royal collections and red-carpet events. Today, only four gems bear the precious label: diamonds, emeralds, rubies, and sapphires; that was not always the case. The concept of precious and semi-precious gems is a fluid one.
Respiratory alkalosis is a medical condition in which increased respiration elevates the blood pH beyond the normal range (7.35-7.45) with a concurrent reduction in arterial levels of carbon dioxide. During acute respiratory alkalosis, the person may lose consciousness where the rate of ventilation will resume to normal. 2  Chronic respiratory alkalosis is a more long-standing condition. 3  For every 10 mmHg drop in PCO 2 in arterial blood, there is a corresponding 5 mEq/L drop in bicarbonate ion.
Loss of gastric acid (vomiting, NG drainage) and diuretic use account for 90% of clinical cases of metabolic alkalosis. Gastric alkalosis is most marked with vomiting due to pyloric stenosis or obstruction because the vomitus is acidic gastric juice only.Vomiting in other conditions may involve a mixture of acid gastric loss and alkaline duodenal contents and the acid-base situation that results is more variable.istamine H2-blockers also decrease gastric H + losses despite continued vomiting or nasogastric drainage and alkalosis will not occur if the fluid lost is not particularly acidic-indeed loss of alkaline small intestinal contents can even result in an acidosis if gastric acid secretion is suppressed.