This allows the bacteria to enter the plant through the root hair cell wall. The plant builds pathways, called infection threads, around the rhizobia allowing them to move between cells. With the production of the infection threads, nodules begin to form in the root hairs (Sprent, 2001; pp. 28-30). Rhizobia infect the root hair to form indeterminate nodules just before tip growth, while those of determinate nodules infect at the beginning of growth (Sprent, 2001; p. 35). Some species of plants house the bacteria in fixation threads similar to infection threads rather than in separate nodules.
The most common vitamins and minerals found to be of concern in athletes' diets are calcium and vitamin D, the B vitamins, iron, zinc, magnesium, as well as some antioxidants such as vitamins C and E, Î²-carotene, and selenium.ow intakes of these minerals are often due to energy restriction or avoidance of animal products. Calcium. Calcium is especially important for growth, maintenance and repair of bone tissue, maintenance of blood calcium levels, regulation of muscle contraction, nerve conduction, and normal blood clotting.
-Vitamins and minerals do not yield energy but play a role in the release of energy. -they help control many other bodily processes. -Vitamins fall into two categories: fat soluble (A, D, E, K) and water soluble (B vitamins and C).-Minerals, besides performing vital regulatory functions, also contribute to the bodyâs structures (bone minerals).