The character of Sheldon Cooper was inspired by a computer programmer personally known to series co-creator Bill Prady. He is named in honor of actor/producer Sheldon Leonard and Nobel Prize Laureate Leon Cooper.
The infection is caused by bacteria. However, excessive use may irritate you. Soda also dehydrates you, and for proper urinary health you should be drinking lots of water, and also cranberry juice. Your physician was definitely right in telling you that it could have made the bladder infection worse.
For those attempting to pass a urine test using a baking soda technique, be warned that it will likely fail. Drinking an excess of baking soda will increase the pH in your urine to a noticeable level. If it looks abnormal, the test conductor may ask that you retake the test at a different time.