States & Territories of Australia. Capital Territory | New South Wales | Northern Territory | Queensland | South Australia | Tasmania | Victoria | Western Australia |
DNA and Genes. Genes are the blueprints of life. Genes control everything from hair color to blood sugar by telling cells which proteins to make, how much, when, and where. Genes exist in most cells. Inside a cell is a long strand of the chemical DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). A DNA sequence is a specific lineup of chemical base pairs along its strand. The part of DNA that determines what protein to produce and when, is called a gene.
First, understand that offspring get 1/2 DNA from mom (maternal DNA) and 1/2 DNA from dad (paternal DNA). Both girls have 1/2 DNA from mom A. and 1/2 from dad A. The Brown children and Charles children are first cousins. They have 1/2 of their DNA in common (Anderson DNA). First cousins share a common ancestor one generation back. The Brown and Charles children share common maternal grandparents (the Andersons) one generation back. The David children have: 1/2 Brown DNA and 1/2 David DNA. The David children have (1/4 A. and 1/4 B.) DNA from their mother.