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The gradient is a fancy word for derivative, or the rate of change of a function. Itâs a vector (a direction to move) that. 1  Points in the direction of greatest increase of a function (intuition on why)  Is zero at a local maximum or local minimum (because there is no single direction of increase)
Concentration gradient is the process by which particles, which are sometimes called solutes, move through a solution or gas from an area of higher number of particles to an area of lower number of particles. The actual movement is called diffusion.