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DNA and Genes. Genes are the blueprints of life. Genes control everything from hair color to blood sugar by telling cells which proteins to make, how much, when, and where. Genes exist in most cells. Inside a cell is a long strand of the chemical DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). A DNA sequence is a specific lineup of chemical base pairs along its strand. The part of DNA that determines what protein to produce and when, is called a gene.
The difference between a chromosome and a DNA molecule is that a chromosome is a single DNA molecule associated with proteins and a DNA molecule is a long thin molecule that s â¦ tores genetic information.here are many such sections on the DNA string-thus it contains (also calls 'codes') many genes-in humans between 500 and 4500 depending on what chromosome. One gene contains information for producing one particular protein. It is the sequence of bases (T, C, G or A) in the DNA gene section that defines which protein.