The typical kindergarten homeschool curriculum for reading is phonics-based. After decades of observing public school experiments with whole-language reading instruction and the subsequent drop in literacy rates, most homeschool families turn to traditional phonics for reading instruction.
Social exclusion (also referred to as marginalisation) is a concept used in many parts of the world to characterise contemporary forms of social disadvantage and relegation to the fringe of society.
Social stigma. Social stigma is the extreme disapproval of a person or group on socially characteristic grounds that are perceived, and serve to distinguish them, from other members of a society. Stigma may then be affixed to such a person, by the greater society, who differs from their cultural norms.