Graphene is an allotrope (form) of carbon consisting of a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in an hexagonal lattice. It is the basic structural element of many other allotropes of carbon, such as graphite, charcoal, carbon nanotubes and fullerenes.
In cases where surgery and radiation are combined, proton therapy is an ideal part of brain cancer treatment. Different brain tumors require different doses of radiation for control and eradication. Like any other organ in the body, the brain can only tolerate a limited amount of radiation.
Palliative radiation therapy is one form of comfort care. This form of radiation isn't used to cure cancer but to treat the symptoms caused by inoperable tumors. This radiation can shrink tumors and alleviate symptoms such as bleeding, spinal cord compressions or obstructions in the throat.