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diode is a bipolar device and transister is a three terminal device. a diode will conduct any time there is a positive voltage from cathode[-] to anode[+] following an exponetial curve of the diode.
Also not that the collector voltage is higher than the base voltage. The main differences between emitter and collector are doping concentration and size. The emitter is heavily doped, while the collector is lightly doped. You could try to swap them, but you'll get a very low \$H_{FE}\$, probably even less than 1.