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In fact, we expect that across all humans, there are over 100 mutations at every single position in the human genome. And, here is the math to prove it: The average mutation rate in the human genome is 1.2 x10^-8 mutations per site per generation.This is pretty small, so in each person, we only expect to observe a handful of new mutations relative to their parents.But, that handful of mutations adds up when you think of how many people are on the earth.n fact, we expect that across all humans, there are over 100 mutations at every single position in the human genome. And, here is the math to prove it: The average mutation rate in the human genome is 1.2 x10^-8 mutations per site per generation.
Genes are segments of DNA arranged along a chromosome. A single chromosome can have hundreds or even thousands of genes. Most sexually reproducing organisms, like people and pigeons, have two copies of each chromosome, called homologous chromosomes. Humans have 23 chromosome pairs, or 46 chromosomes in all. Homologous chromosomes have the same genes arranged in the same order, but they have slightly different DNA sequences. Different versions of the same gene are called alleles (uh-LEELZ); homologous chromosomes often contain different alleles.