Graphene is an allotrope (form) of carbon consisting of a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in an hexagonal lattice. It is the basic structural element of many other allotropes of carbon, such as graphite, charcoal, carbon nanotubes and fullerenes.
In cases where surgery and radiation are combined, proton therapy is an ideal part of brain cancer treatment. Different brain tumors require different doses of radiation for control and eradication. Like any other organ in the body, the brain can only tolerate a limited amount of radiation.
A proton is a positively charged particle. At high energy, protons can destroy cancer cells. Doctors may use proton therapy alone, or they may combine it with standard radiation therapy, surgery, chemotherapy, and/or immunotherapy.fter the protons reach the desired place in the body, they deposit the specified radiation dose in the tumor. With proton therapy, there is no radiation dose beyond the tumor. In contrast, x-rays continue to deposit radiation doses as they exit the patient's body.