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This unzipping takes place in both directions from the replication origins, creating a replication bubble. The replication is therefore said to be bi-directional. Once the two strands are separated a small piece of RNA, called an RNA primer, is attached to the DNA by an enzyme called DNA primase. These primers are the beginnings of all new DNA chains since the enzyme responsible for the copying of the DNA, DNA polymerase, can not start from scratch.
A primer must be synthesized by an enzyme called primase, which is a type of RNA polymerase, before DNA replication can occur. The synthesis of a primer is necessary because the enzymes that synthesize DNA, which are called DNA polymerases, can only attach new DNA nucleotides to an existing strand of nucleotides.