History and Uses: Although calcium is the fifth most abundant element in the earth's crust, it is never found free in nature since it easily forms compounds by reacting with oxygen and water.Metallic calcium was first isolated by Sir Humphry Davy in 1808 through the electrolysis of a mixture of lime (CaO) and mercuric oxide (HgO).ther common compounds of calcium include: calcium sulfate (CaSO 4), also known as gypsum, which is used to make dry wall and plaster of Paris, calcium nitrate (Ca(NO 3) 2), a naturally occurring fertilizer and calcium phosphate (Ca 3 (PO 4) 2), the main material found in bones and teeth.
incretin: A gastrointestinal hormone causing an increase in the amount of insulin released from the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans after eating, even before blood glucose levels become elevated.
Because incretin hormones are more active in response to higher blood sugar levels and are less active in response to low blood sugar, the risk of dangerously low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) is low with saxagliptin. Kombiglyze XR also contains metformin, a biguanide medication. Metformin works in several ways. It decreases the amount of sugar the liver makes. Metformin can also decrease the amount of sugar absorbed into the body from the diet and can make insulin receptors more sensitive, helping the body respond to its own insulin better.