To evaluate the effect of end-stage renal insufficiency and haemodialysis on the elimination of lorazepam, single oral doses of the drug (2.5 mg) were administered to normal subjects and patients with chronic renal failure (CC(r) : less than 2 ml/min) in the interdialysis period and during haemodialysis.rinary excretion of lorazepam-glucuronide was found to be considerably decreased in chronic renal failure associated with accumulation of high concentrations of this conjugate in plasma during days after a single oral dose. The plasma T1/2 of this conjugate in normals was 20.7 +/- 2.1 h.
A microcosm is a small society, place, or activity which has all the typical features of a much larger one and so seems like a smaller version of it. [formal] Kitchell says the city was a microcosm of all American culture during the '60s.
Alternatively, a microcosm may be constructed in the laboratory as a simpler representation of the natural system, so that certain biological factors can be studied. The limitations of any particular microcosm must be fully understood when interpreting the results obtained from it.