Full Definition of MACHIAVELLIAN. 1. : of or relating to Machiavelli or Machiavellianism. 2. : suggesting the principles of conduct laid down by Machiavelli; specifically: marked by cunning, duplicity, or bad faith.
Sleep medicine is a subspecialty field in the US under several medical specialties including anesthesiology, internal medicine, family medicine, and neurology. Neurosurgery is a distinct specialty that involves a different training path, and emphasizes the surgical treatment of neurological disorders.
Neuroscience with 150+ answers. What a complicated question! Neuroscience struggles with concepts such as consciousness and the neurobiological differences between sleep, anesthesia, and coma are still unclear. The assumption in this question that sleep is an unconscious state is mostly incorrect, however.