In this history of the Spanish language I will look first at the people and cultures that inhabited the Iberian Peninsula. These peoples had undoubtedly a great influence in the way the Spanish language evolved.
ANS: The Fed can use open market operations, change the required reserve ratio, or change the discount rate to change the money supply. In practice, the Fed most often relies on open market operations because it is the most flexible tool. It allows for the greatest fine-tuning of the money supply. The required reserve ratio is the tool least used in practice because it is potentially so powerful.
Central banks have three primary tools for influencing the money supply: the reserve requirement, discount. loans, and open market operations. The first, as we saw in Chapter 14,The Money Supply. Process and Chapter 15, The Money Supply and the Money Multiplier, works through the money multiplier, constraining multiple deposit expansion the larger it becomes. Central banks today rarely use it because. most banks work around reserve requirements. The second and third tools influence the monetary base (MB.