1 Strenuous exercise, such as running a marathon, can also cause blood in the urine. 2  White blood cells may be a sign of infection or kidney disease. 3  Casts. 4  Some types of kidney disease can cause plugs of material (called casts) to form in tiny tubes in the kidneys.
Top 10 facts about the world. The loop of Henle is a part of a nephron, a tiny tube inside the kidneys that filters solutes. Each kidney contains hundreds of thousands of individual nephrons, which pass between the cortex of the kidneys and the medulla, connecting to collecting ducts which route urine to the ureter so that it can be expressed.
1 loop of Henle = U shaped loop that dips into the renal medulla = countercurrent multiplier mechanism occurs here. 2  Descending limb = water reabsorption by osmosis (permeable to water, but not to solute). 3  Bottom of U = most concentrated.4  Ascending limb = salt reabsorption (permeable to salt, but not water). Nephron = functional unit of kidney = glomerulus, Bowman's capsule, proximal tubule, loop of Henle, distal tubule, collecting duct (shared by many nephron). 2  glomerulus = ball of fenestrated capillaries. 3  Bowman's capsule = Cup/Capsule that surrounds the glomerulus.