To calculate the change in temperature, subtract the initial temperature from the final temperature. Example: 84.2 degree Fahrenheit - 41 degrees Fahrenheit = 43.2 degrees Fahrenheit. The temperature from morning to afternoon changed by 43.2 degrees Fahrenheit.
It needs 12 volts so it will be the standard modern power supply provides 12 volts of power.
A unregulated 12 volt 1 amp supply is probably designed to provide the rated 12 V at full output current and the lowest valid AC input voltage, like 110 V. It could be over 13 V at 110 V in at no load (0 amps out) alone, and then higher yet at higher input voltage. Such a supply could easily put out 15 V, for example, under some conditions. Devices that needed the 12 V were designed to handle that, so that was fine. Regulated. Modern power supplies don't work that way anymore.