Abnormal or unpleasant odors may be caused by diseased or necrotic tissue in the respiratory or upper gastrointestinal tracts, including mouth and nasal cavity. Diseased teeth are a common cause in dogs and cats. In addition, certain metabolic diseases may produce distinctive breath odor, e.g. ketoacidosis, uremia.
Practically elderly is a person who needs special consideration due to advanced age. Which can happen in late 50s or in late 80s. If he or she can punch your lights out for calling them elderly, and you cannot run from them either, they possibly aren't.
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is the most common upper gastrointestinal. problem seen in adults. Although the elderly have fewer complaints of hear tburn, their. disease is usually more severe and has more esophageal and extraesophageal complica-. tions. Tests for the evaluation of GERD in the elderly are the same as for the general. population. Treatment of GERD in the elderly is the same as for the adult population. However, a more aggressive approach is warranted, because of the higher incidence of. complications in the elderly.