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African American Abolitionist. Most African Americans lived in northern cities in poverty-faced racism and violence at the hands of white mobs âAmerican Slavery As It Isâ was a collection of firsthand accounts of life under slavery. Samuel Cornish and John . Russwurm. founded the . first African American newspaper â Freedomâs Journalâ David Walker, born a free African American, published a argument against slavery and the use of violence to overthrow slavery. Free African Americans hold their first convention in 1830. Discussed was to better themselves, such as starting African American Colleges and emigrating to Canada.
In June 1851 the paper merged with the Liberty Party Paper of Syracuse, NY and was renamed Frederick Douglass' Paper. It circulated under this new name until 1860. Douglass devoted the next three years to publishing an abolitionist magazine called Douglass' Monthly. In 1870 he assumed control of the New Era, a weekly established in Washington, D.C. to serve former slaves. He renamed it The New National Era, and published it until it shut down in 1874. Douglass also served as U.S. marshal for the District of Columbia (1877-81), and U.S. minister of Haiti (1889-91). He died in Washington, D.C. on February 20, 1895. FURTHER READING Douglass, Frederick. Life and Times of Frederick Douglass.