Water chiller. A water chiller is a mechanical device used to facilitate heat exchange from water to a refrigerant in a closed loop system. The refrigerant is then pumped to a location where the waste heat is transferred to the atmosphere.
Banking in the United States before creation of the Federal Reserve System was, to say the least, chaotic. Early American Banking: 1791-1863. Banking in the America of 1863 was far from easy or dependable.
The Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC) was established during the Hoover administration with the primary objective of providing liquidity to, and restoring confidence in the banking system.The banking system experienced extensive pressure during the economic contraction of 1929-1933.FC data are from Final Report on the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, Secretary of the Treasury, 1959. Currency data are from The Monetary History of the United States, 1867-1960, Friedman and Schwartz, 1963. Bank suspension data are from Federal Reserve Bulletin, Board of Governors, September 1937.