Air charter. Air charter is the business of renting an entire aircraft (i.e., chartering) as opposed to individual aircraft seats (i.e., purchasing a ticket through a traditional airline). While the airlines specialize in selling transportation by the seat, air charter companies focus on individual private aircraft and itineraries, urgent or time-sensitive cargo, air ambulance service, and other forms of ad hoc air transportation.
A political machine is a political organization in which an authoritative boss or small group commands the support of a corps of supporters and businesses (usually campaign workers), who receive rewards for their efforts.
The tit-for-tat manner in which political machines helped immigrants represented the spoils system of corruption within these organizations. According to the University of Houston, political machines also engaged in bribery, extortion, and other forms of corruption. Though this corruption was a fact of life, the machines did offer a way for disadvantaged groups to gain social and economic stability.