Water chiller. A water chiller is a mechanical device used to facilitate heat exchange from water to a refrigerant in a closed loop system. The refrigerant is then pumped to a location where the waste heat is transferred to the atmosphere.
Banking in the United States before creation of the Federal Reserve System was, to say the least, chaotic. Early American Banking: 1791-1863. Banking in the America of 1863 was far from easy or dependable.
The term foreign bank generally refers to any United States operation of a banking organization headquartered outside of the U.S. The first foreign banks established their presence in the United States in the mid-1800's, with New York being the first state to license or regulate these institutions.