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Pediatric Respiratory Acidosis. Background. Respiratory acidosis occurs when the arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (Pa CO2) is elevated above the normal range (>44 mm Hg) leading to a blood pH lower than 7.35.[1] By definition, the diagnosis of respiratory acidosis requires measurement of Pa CO2 and pH.
The body's metabolism produces respiratory (carbonic) acid and, in ischemia or cardiorespiratory failure, metabolic (lactic) acid. In emergencies, therefore, urgent correction is most commonly required for metabolic or respiratory acidosis.