North Sea: North Sea, shallow, northeastern arm of the Atlantic Ocean, located between the British Isles and the mainland of northwestern Europe and covering an area of 220,000 square miles (570,000 square km).
Your immune system ignores the surface antigens on your own RBCs. However, your plasma contains antibodies, sometimes called agglutinins , that will attack the antigens on foreign RBCs. When these antibodies attack, the foreign cells agglutinate , or clump together; the process is called agglutination . The plasma of a Type A, Type B, or Type O individual always contains either antiâ A or antiâB antibodies, or both, even if the person has never been exposed to RBCs that carry foreign surface antigens. If you have Type A blood, your plasma contains antiâB antibodies, which will attack Type B surface antigens.
Immunofluorescence staining pattern of anti-dsDNA antibodies on HEp-20-10 cells (left), Crithidia luciliae (centre) and rat liver (right). Anti-dsDNA antibodies are a group of anti-nuclear antibodies and their target antigen is double stranded DNA.Blood tests such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunofluorescence are routinely performed to detect anti-dsDNA antibodies in diagnostic laboratories.erum is incubated with the beads and in the presence of anti-dsDNA antibodies, or any other ANA, the antibodies will bind and fluorescent labelled secondary antibodies will be used for detection. The beads are run through a flow cell which uses a laser to detect fluorescence.