The kinetic energy of the mass of exhaust gas carries it along the exhaust pipe, and causes a pressure build up ahead of the mass of gas and a partial vacuum behind it. This principle is used in a tuned exhaust system.
Culligan - $2352 ($2053 w/o R/O unit) Culligan Gold Series (10), Good Water Machine. If I were to look at price only, I would go with either the cheaper Ecowater system w/R/O at $2698 or the Culligan system. At almost $4k, the Kinetico system seems greatly over priced.
How much does it cost to install a water softener? Angie's List members who had a water softener installed in 2013 reported paying an average of about $1,690, with a general range near $1,875 to $2,060, not counting discounts many service providers offer to members. Water softeners themselves usually cost about $1,000 to $2,000. Even though this may seem like a lot of money, a water softenerâs lifespan is about 15 years.