Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid analysis was performed to determine whether the sympathetic nervous system and T cells were key sources of catecholamines in current models of lung injury. Peak levels of adrenaline occurred in BAL fluids 2 h after the initiation of immune-complex-mediated injury (Fig. 4e).
An example to show covariance estimation with the Mahalanobis distances on Gaussian distributed data. For Gaussian distributed data, the distance of an observation to the mode of the distribution can be computed using its Mahalanobis distance: where and are the location and the covariance of the underlying Gaussian distribution. In practice, and are replaced by some estimates.
The following diagram shows you how the distance to the horizon can change depending on the height of the observer : So the distance to the horizon depends on the height of your eyes above the water. If your eyes are 8 inches (20 cm) above the water, the distance of the horizon is about 1 mile (1.6 km) away. A rough formula for calculating the distance to the horizon is: where height above surface is in feet and distance to horizon is in miles. If you are 6 feet tall and standing right at the water's edge, then your eyes are about 5.5 feet above the surface. The distance to the horizon is: In metric, the equivalent is: