The two major forms of calcium are calcium carbonate and calcium citrate. Calcium supplements are intended to be consumed with a meal, and when taken as directed, the two forms of calcium are absorbed at roughly the same rate. However, when taken on an empty stomach, the body has a much easier time absorbing calcium in its citrate form vs. its carbonate form. Calcium lactate and calcium stearate are two alternative forms of calcium. Calcium lactate is expected to have similar effects as calcium citrate.
PHYSICAL FACTORS THAT AFFECT MICROBIAL GROWTH. TEMPERATURE. Generally,an increase in temperature will increase enzyme activity. But if temperatures get too high, enzyme activity will diminish and the protein (the enzyme) will denature. On the other hand, lowering temperature will decrease enzyme activity. At freezing temperatures enzyme activity can stop. Repeated cycles of freezing and thawing can denature proteins.
Chapter 6: Microbial Growth. Microbial Growth: 4Refers to an increase in cell number, not in. cell size. 4Bacteria grow and divide by binaryfission, a rapid and relatively simple process. Requirements for Growth. Physical Requirements. 2.pH: 4Most bacteria prefer neutral pH (6.5 -7.5). 4Molds and yeastgrow in wider pH range, but. prefer pH between 5 and 6. 4Acidity inhibits most microbial growth and is used. frequently for food preservation (e.g.: pickling).