Harbin Weather. Famed as the 'Ice City', Harbin has four distinct seasons with long cold winters and short cool summers. The snow season can last as long as half a year. Harbin weather in January is the coldest with the lowest temperature dropping to -38C (-36F), while it is just 20C (68F) on average in summer.
The Exchange in Bristol. A corn exchange (Commonwealth English) or grain exchange (North American English) was a building where farmers and merchants traded cereal grains.uch trade was common in towns and cities across Great Britain and Ireland until the 19th century, but as the trade became centralised in the 20th century many such buildings were used for other purposes. Several have since become heritage sites.
Fundamentals of Ion Exchange Ion exchange is the reversible interchange of ions between a solid (ion exchange material) and a liquid in which there is no permanent change in the structure of the solid. Ion exchange is used in water treatment and also provides a method of separation in many non-water processes. It has special utility in chemical synthesis, medical research, food processing, mining, agriculture and a variety of other areas. The utility of ion exchange rests with the ability to use and reuse the ion exchange material. For example, in water softening: 2RNa+ + Ca2+ $R 2Ca 2+ + 2Na+ The exchanger R in the sodium ion form is able to exchange for calcium and thus, to remove calcium from hard water and replace it with an equivalent quantity of sodium. Subsequently, the calcium loaded