Brown leaves or flowers with white or dark spots can result from a fungal infection in the plant. Fungal infections are often a result of soil that is too moist, or of leaves and flowers that are damp from watering or humidity.
Endolaryngeal microsurgery using a direct straight laryngoscope is a well-established procedure in phonosurgery. It enables the surgeon to perform a precise, exact procedure using the microflap technique for the treatment of small lesions in the vocal folds, such as cysts and polyps.
Microphlebectomy (also known as ambulatory phlebectomy or stab avulsion) is a technique to remove varicose veins. In this procedure,several tiny cuts (incisions) are made in the skin through which the varicosed vein is removed. Stitches usually are not required. This procedure typically does not require a stay in the hospital.