tests of cerebral lateralization. 1  sodium amytal test: anesthetize one hemisphere and check for language function. 2  dichotic listening test: report more digits heard by dominant half. 3  functional brain imaging: fMRI or PET used to see which half is active when performing a language test.
one of a large group of low-molecular-weight proteins secreted by various cell types and involved in cell-to-cell communication, coordinating antibody and T cell immune interactions, and amplifying immune reactivity. Cytokines include colony-stimulating factors, interferons, interleukins, and lymphokines, which are secreted by lymphocytes.
If innate immune cells (dendritic cells) decide that the material is dangerous (part of a virus or bacteria), then they stimulate a specialized group of white blood cells causes CD4 + helper T cells to become activated. CD4 + refers to a surface protein on this class of T cells. Helper T cells can stimulate another group of white blood cells called B cells to produce antibodies that bind that specific antigen and immobilize it, preventing it from causing infection. Antibodies are specific for only one antigen.