The following are the most common symptoms of a Chiari malformation. 1  However, each child may experience symptoms differently. In infants and older children born with this condition, symptoms may include: 2  Headaches. 3  Stiffness or pain in the neck or back of the head area. 4  Poor feeding and swallowing. 5  Decreased strength in the arms.
A buffer solution (more precisely, pH buffer or hydrogen ion buffer) is an aqueous solution consisting of a mixture of a weak acid and its conjugate base, or vice versa.
Buffer solutions are typically mixtures of a weak acid and its conjugate base. Suppose we were to add a strong base, NaOH, to the buffer solution. NaOH would raply dissociate into Na + and OH-ions. The hydroxide ions would rapidly accept the H + ions formed by the buffer. Similarly, if we added a strong acid, the conjugate base, A-, would take up the additional hydrogen ions.