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Origin of the Yellowstone Caldera. Caldera, which lies at the heart of Yellowstone National Park, is the tip of a huge volcano, which is in turn, bound to a hot spot.This is a fixed point within the earth's crust, where hot magma rises to the top. This accumulates below the earth's surface, thereby forming an underground magma chamber.aldera, which lies at the heart of Yellowstone National Park, is the tip of a huge volcano, which is in turn, bound to a hot spot. This is a fixed point within the earth's crust, where hot magma rises to the top.
They are large volcanic craters that form by two different methods: 1) an explosive volcanic eruption; or, 2) collapse of surface rock into an empty magma chamber. The image at right is a satellite view of one of the most famous calderas-Crater Lake in Oregon.ruptions of ash and pumice: The cataclysmic eruption started from a vent on the northeast side of the volcano as a towering column of ash, with pyroclastic flows spreading to the northeast. Caldera collapse: As more magma was erupted, cracks opened up around the summit, which began to collapse.