PlzeÅ (Czech pronunciation: [ËplÌ©.zÉÉ²]), also called Pilsen in English and German, is a city in western Bohemia in the Czech Republic. About 90 kilometres (56 miles) west of Prague, it is the fourth most populous city in the Czech Republic.
The Chromosphere. Click on image for larger version. The chromosphere is an irregular layer above the photosphere where the temperature rises from 6000&degC to about 20,000&degC. At these higher temperatures hydrogen emits light that gives off a reddish color (H-alpha emission).
The Earth's thermosphere also includes the region of the atmosphere called the ionosphere. The ionosphere is a region of the atmosphere that is filled with charged particles. The high temperatures in the thermosphere can cause molecules to ionize. This is why an ionosphere and thermosphere can overlap.