An exposure pathway-describes a unique mechanism by which an. individual or population is exposed to chemical or physical agents at or originating from. a site. Each exposure pathway includes a source or release from a source, an exposure. point, and an exposure route.
Terminology: Young cattle are called calves. A young male is called a bull calf; a young female before she has calved the second time is called a heifer (pronounced heffer). A young female that has had only one calf is sometimes called a first-calf heifer..
In the terminology used to describe the sex and age of cattle, the male is first a bull calf and if left intact becomes a bull; if castrated he becomes a steer and in about two or three years grows to an ox. The female is first a heifer calf, growing into a heifer and becoming a cow.