An exposure pathway-describes a unique mechanism by which an. individual or population is exposed to chemical or physical agents at or originating from. a site. Each exposure pathway includes a source or release from a source, an exposure. point, and an exposure route.
Terminology: Young cattle are called calves. A young male is called a bull calf; a young female before she has calved the second time is called a heifer (pronounced heffer). A young female that has had only one calf is sometimes called a first-calf heifer..
What is a female cow called? Although cattle are often collectively referred to as cows, the word cow specifically refers to females of the cattle species that have given birth to at least one calf. Young female cattle that have not yet given birth to a calf are referred to as heifers.