An exposure pathway-describes a unique mechanism by which an. individual or population is exposed to chemical or physical agents at or originating from. a site. Each exposure pathway includes a source or release from a source, an exposure. point, and an exposure route.
Terminology: Young cattle are called calves. A young male is called a bull calf; a young female before she has calved the second time is called a heifer (pronounced heffer). A young female that has had only one calf is sometimes called a first-calf heifer..
The terminology described here contrasts the differences in definition between the United Kingdom and other British influenced parts of world such as Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland, and the United States. An intact (i.e., not castrated) adult male is called a bull. A wild, young, unmarked bull is known as a micky in Australia. An unbranded bovine of either sex is called a maverick in the USA and Canada. An adult female that has had a calf (or two, depending on regional usage) is a cow.