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Gallstones cause fistulas when the hard gallstone erodes through the soft wall of the gallbladder or bile ducts. Most commonly, the gallstone erodes into the small intestine, stomach, or common bile duct.
Treatment options for gallstones include: 1  Surgery to remove the gallbladder (cholecystectomy). 2  Medications to dissolve gallstones. 3  Tests and diagnosis. 4  Prevention. Your doctor may recommend surgery to remove your gallbladder, since gallstones frequently recur. 2  Once your gallbladder is removed, bile flows directly from your liver into your small intestine, rather than being stored in your gallbladder.