The geosphere includes the rocks and minerals on Earth â from the molten rock and heavy metals in the deep interior of the planet to the sand on beaches and peaks of mountains. The geosphere also includes the abiotic (non-living) parts of soils, and the skeletons of animals that may become fossilized over geologic time.
Four types of vaccines are currently available: 1  Live virus vaccines use the weakened (attenuated) form of the virus. 2  Killed (inactivated) vaccines are made from a protein or other small pieces taken from a virus or bacteria.  Toxoid vaccines contain a toxin or chemical made by the bacteria or virus.
Oral poliovirus vaccines (OPV) are the predominant vaccine used in the fight to eradicate polio. There are different types of oral poliovirus vaccine, which may contain one, a combination of two, or all three different serotypes of attenuated vaccine. Each has their own advantages and disadvantages over the others.