1 A survey township is a unit of land measure defined by the Public Land Survey System. 2  A civil township is a widely used unit of local government in the United States, subordinate to a county. 3  Specific responsibilities and the degree of autonomy vary based on each state. In western Canada townships exist only for the purpose of land division by the Dominion Land Survey and do not form administrative units. 2  These townships are six miles by six miles (36 square miles, or roughly 93.24 kmÂ²). 3  Townships are designated by their township number and range number.
A mechanical or physical shock is a sudden acceleration caused, for example, by impact, drop, kick, earthquake, or explosion. Shock is a transient physical excitation. Shock is a term for extreme forces that matter is subjected to. Shock is a vector that has units of an acceleration (rate of change of velocity).
Physiological shock may be defined as acute progressive circulatory failure, in which the tissues receive an inadequate supply of blood and its components (such as nutrients and oxygen) and an inadequate removal of wastes. The result is cell damage and, eventually, cell death.