aÂ·pexÂ·iÂ·fiÂ·caÂ·tion. Induced tooth root development or closure of the root apex by hard tissue deposition. apexification. a process of promoting apical closure of the root in an endodontically treated tooth by placement of calcium hydroxide paste or other tissue-tolerant material in the root canal after an apicoectomy.
Supernumerary is an adjective which means exceeding the usual number. When used as a noun, supernumerary means a temporary employee, additional society member, or extra manpower, usually in a function which has a temporary contract. In aeronautical context, a flight deck may contain a supernumerary seat. 2  This is a place for someone who doesn't have anything to do with the take off, flying, or landing of the aircraft. 3  Just a place for an extra body to observe.
We can build a complicated application program from a library of many classes, some of which are related by superclass-subclass relationships, forming an inheritance hierarchy. We draw such hierarchies as follows, with each subclass beneath its superclass (with an arrow pointing to it). While a superclass may have many direct subclasses, a subclass has exactly one direct superclass. So, in this example, the ModularCounter and BoundedCounter classes extend the IntCounter class. Each subclass is in some sense more powerful than the superclass that it extends: it adds more fields and methods. Unfortunately the terms subclass and superclass seem to have exactly the opposite informal meanings. The word super implies something more powerful, but in fact it is the subclass that is more powerful.