The second law of thermodynamics says that the entropy of the universe (or any isolated system therein) is increasing; i.e., the energy of the universe is becoming more uniformly distributed. It is often noted that the second law indicates that nature tends to go from order to disorder, from complexity to simplicity.
Small-bore catheters and Heimlich valves have been successfully used in. the treatment of pneumothoraces in several studies.4,5 The thoracic vent. (see Figure 1) is a minimally invasive device for the treatment of. pneumothorax. It consists of a polyurethane catheter connected to a. plastic chamber containing a one-way valve.
Spinal Cord and Nerve Roots. Thoracic Spine. Vertebrae of the Spine. The human spine is a complex anatomic structure that is the scaffolding for the entire body. It provides several important functions, including: 1  Protecting the spinal cord and nerves.  Structural support for the body, allowing us to stand upright.