The bones in the spine are called vertebrae (ver-ta-bray). The column starts at the base of the skull and continues to the pelvis. Alternate layers of bone (vertebrae) and cartilage (car-til-ledge, the intervertebral discs) stack vertically one on top of the other in the spinal column.
Ukraine. 1  The climate of the Ukraine can be described as dry and continental influenced climate with warm, dry summers and fairly severe winters. 2  In summer daytime temperatures reach 25-30Â°C, but sometimes quite higher, 35Â°C or more, especially in the inland areas.
The climate in south is in summers almost as hot as in northern Greece but the one in Carpathians is comparable with that of alpine Europe. Northern Romania is similar to southern Poland: the freezing temperatures here lasts from 1st October to 1st May in mountain areas, colder than much of northern Europe.