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GLP-1 and DPP-4 inhibitors. Incretins are a group of metabolic hormones that stimulate a decrease in blood glucose levels. Incretins do so by causing an increase in the amount of insulin released from pancreatic beta cells of the islets of Langerhans after eating, before blood glucose levels become elevated.owever, oral administration of extracts of intestinal mucosa failed to help several patients with type 1 diabetes. In 1932, La Barre proposed the name incretin for a hormone extracted from the upper gut mucosa, which caused hypoglycemia, and proposed a possible therapy for diabetes.
The trial is the first to compare two classes of diabetes drugs that target insulin-regulating hormones in the gut known as incretins, researchers say. Incretin-based drugs are most often prescribed to patients who do not achieve target blood sugar levels with the drug metformin or other oral agents for diabetes. Introduced early this year, Victoza is one of two FDA-approved drugs that mimic the activity of the naturally occurring incretin hormone GLP-1.