6.4.1 Distinguish between ventilation, gas exchange and cell respiration. ventilation: the process of bringing fresh air into the alveoli and removing stale air. gas exchange: human must take in oxygen from their surrounding and release carbon dioxide, this process of swapping one gas with another is called gas exchange. cell respiration: the controlled release of energy in the form of ATP from organic compounds in cells. 6.4.2 Explain the need for a ventilation system. Diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide happens because there are concentration gradients of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air and the blood.
polysaccharide polÂ·yÂ·sacÂ·chaÂ·ride (pÅl'Ä-sÄk'É-rÄ«d') or polÂ·yÂ·sacÂ·chaÂ·rid (-rÄ­d) or polÂ·yÂ·sacÂ·chaÂ·rose (-rÅs', -rÅz') n. Any of a class of carbohydrates, such as starch and cellulose, consisting of a number of monosaccharides joined by glycosidic bonds. Also called glycan.
Oligosaccharides and polysaccharides are both complex carbohydrates. Their building blocks are the dietary monosaccharides glucose, fructose and galactose, also known as simple carbohydrates, or sugars. Disaccharides such as sucrose, which are composed of two monosaccharide units, are also sugars. The prefix âoligoâ means âfew.â Most oligosaccharides are composed of three to 10 monosaccharide units. Oligosaccharides are not digestible by human gut enzymes. Polyâ means âmanyâ; polysaccharides are composed of long chains of monosaccharide units.