Laser - Design. 1  Gain medium. 2  Laser pumping energy. 3  High reflector. 4  Output coupler. 5  Laser beam. 6  A laser consists of a gain medium, a mechanism to energize it, and something to provide optical feedback. 7  For the gain medium to amplify light, it needs to be supplied with energy in a process called pumping.
Children should get a booster vaccine called Tdap (which protects against tetanus, diphtheria, and whooping cough) at 11 or 12 years of age. Adults need a booster called the Td vaccine (for tetanus and diphtheria) every 10 years. Adults should also receive a one-time shot of the Tdap vaccine in place of one Td shot. Tetanus is a serious disease caused by a toxin (poison) made by bacteria.
Last updated: June 2014. The Tdap vaccine offers protection from three serious diseases: tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis (whooping cough). It's the first booster designed to protect adults and adolescents from whooping cough, a very contagious disease that they're at risk for themselves and can pass on to babies.