MIDI is an acronym that stands for Musical Instrument Digital Interface. It is a set of standards designed in the mid 1980's to allow different musical instruments (usually keyboards) communicate with one another using digital messages.
The profit an insurance company generates after paying all claims. That is, the underwriting gain is what is left over after the premiums the company collects are added to its investment income and the amount the company pays for claims on its policies is subtracted. An underwriting gain is also called an underwriting profit.
Underwriting expenses are the costs that an insurance company must pay to remain in operation. These costs are subtracted from the income of insurance companies to calculate net profit. Underwriting expenses can include a wide variety of costs. These expenses are also used by insurance companies to calculate the expense ratio, which is a ratio used to determine the percentage of premiums earned in a given period that must go to underwriting expwnses.