The cosine of an angle is also defined in the context of a right triangle, as the ratio of the length of the side that is adjacent to the angle divided by the length of the longest side of the triangle (the hypotenuse).
Genetic modification involves insertion of foreign DNA into the nucleus of a normal cell where it integrates with the host DNA. Genetic analysis uses molecular techniques to detect the inserted transgenic DNA (GMO) in a sample. The method most commonly used for this purpose is PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction). The PCR technique amplifies (copies) the DNA billions of times in order for detection and quantitation to be possible.
â  The one gene: one enzyme hypothesis summarizes. the basis of modern genetics: that a gene is a stretch. of DNA coding for one or more isoforms of a single. polypeptide. â  Some genes do not encode polypeptides, but encode. structural or regulatory RNAs.