Who are considered lineal heirs and lineal descendants for the purpose of inheritance taxes? Lineal heirs are grandfather, grandmother, father, mother, and their children. Children include natural children, whether or not they have been adopted by others; adopted children; and stepchildren. Lineal descendants include all children of the natural parents and their descendants, whether or not they have been adopted by others; adopted descendants and their descendants and step-descendants.
India is the latest country to have officially stopped endemic transmission of polioâwith its last reported case in 2011. Only three countries remain where the disease is endemicâAfghanistan, Pakistan and Nigeria.
This and the fact that cases of polio caused by the oral polio vaccine (OPV) are not being reflected as polio have ensured that India is now declared âpolio freeâ and is being showcased as a success story of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative that was launched in 1988 by the World Health Assembly.rom 1923 to 1953,before the Salk killed-virus vaccine was introduced, the polio death rate in the United States and England had already declined on its own by 47 percent and 55 percent, respectively. Source International Mortality Statistics (1981) by Michael Alderson..