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A cystocele (/ËsÉªstÉsiËl/ SIS-tÉ-seel) is a medical condition that occurs when the tough fibrous wall between a woman's bladder and her vagina (the pubocervical fascia) is torn by childbirth, allowing the bladder to herniate into the vagina.Urethroceles often occur with cystoceles. cystocele is mild (grade 1) when the bladder droops only a short way into the vagina. With more severe (grade 2) cystocele, the bladder sinks far enough to reach the opening of the vagina.
The surgical approach can be either vaginal or abdominal. The 3 basic techniques for cystocele repair are anterior colporrhaphy, anterior colporrhaphy with graft, and paravaginal repair, of which the first 2 are the most commonly used (see the image below). If apical involvement is noted, cystoceles may often be resolved after resuspension of the apical defect.