The electrical opposite of a short circuit is an  open circuit , which is an infinite resistance between two nodes. It is common to misuse short circuit to describe any electrical malfunction, regardless of the actual problem.
Guam is the largest and southernmost of the Mariana Islands, and the largest island in Micronesia. Guam is one of the 17 Non-Self-Governing Territories under supervision of the Special Committee on Decolonization of the United Nations, whose goal is to bring the colonization to an end. The Chamorros, Guam's indigenous people, first populated the island approximately 4,000 years ago.
Currently, the United States has two major political parties, the Democratic party and the Republican party. There are also various third parties, but their political clout is generally considered marginal at best. Roughly speaking, political parties serve the same purpose in the political world as denominations or sects serve in the religious world. If an individual were the only person alive on an island, his or her word would be considered law.