The electrical opposite of a short circuit is an  open circuit , which is an infinite resistance between two nodes. It is common to misuse short circuit to describe any electrical malfunction, regardless of the actual problem.
Guam is the largest and southernmost of the Mariana Islands, and the largest island in Micronesia. Guam is one of the 17 Non-Self-Governing Territories under supervision of the Special Committee on Decolonization of the United Nations, whose goal is to bring the colonization to an end. The Chamorros, Guam's indigenous people, first populated the island approximately 4,000 years ago.
The party maintains control by filling key positions in all government agencies with party leaders or the most trusted party cadres and by controlling all mass organizations. Citizens belong to mass organizations appropriate to their status, such as the quasi-governmental Vietnam Fatherland Front, the Vietnam General Confederation of Trade Unions, or the Ho Chi Minh Communist Youth League. Party cadres leading such organizations educate and mobilize the masses through regular study sessions to implement party policies.