Description and significance. Vibrio cholerae is a comma shaped Gram-negative1 bacteria with a single, polar flagellum for movement. There are numerous strains of V. cholerae, some of which are pathogenic and some of which are not. The most wide sweeping pathogenic strain is the Vibrio cholerae serotype O1 El Tor N16961 strain that causes the pandemic disease cholera.2 The latest pathogenic serotype O139 was discovered in 1992.
Heavens to Betsy. Q From Mark Lord: I am looking for the origin and meaning of the phrase Heavens to Betsy. A The meaning is simple enough: itâs a mild American exclamation of shock or surprise. Itâs dated, only rarely encountered in print and then most often as an evocation of times past.
The noun dirge comes from the Latin dirige, which means âdirect,â and is the beginning of a prayer that translates as âDirect my way in your sight, O Lord my God.â Dirge can still have a religious meaning, but it can also be any sad and mournful song, poem, or hymn composed or performed in memory of someone who has died.