White supremacy or white supremacism is a racist ideology centered upon the belief, and promotion of the belief, that white people are superior in certain characteristics, traits, and attributes to people of other racial backgrounds and that therefore white people should politically, economically and socially rule non-white people.
Neural tube defects occur when the bones of the spine do not correctly form, leaving the spinal cord and its nerves and coverings to protrude out through the skin (or lie just beneath it). The use of folate vitamins during pregnancy has decreased the incidence of neural tube defects.
What are congenital limb defects? Congenital limb defects occur when a portion or the entire upper or lower limb fails to form normally or does not form when the baby is developing in the uterus. What causes congenital limb defects? The cause of congenital limb defects is unknown. However, risk factors that may increase the likelihood of a congenital limb defect include the following: Conditions, such as genetic abnormalities, growth restriction, mechanical forces, that affect the baby in the uterus during development. Exposures by the mother to chemicals or viruses while pregnant.