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It's the same as a fuse box. Sort of. The electric service panel used to be called the fuse box, fuse panel,  circuit breaker panel, or any number of other terms. Today, most homes have what we call the electrical service panel, or simply, the service panel. It's not literally the same thing, but it does provide the same function.
Every now and then an electrician mentions something called a switch loop. An example of installing a new switch loop is when a light fixture originally switched with a pull chain is converted to use a wall switch. Normally the neutral or return conductor accompanies the hot conductor everywhere. When the power feed enters the light fixture box and we wish to have a wall switch, it is quite useless for the neutral to go down to the switch and come back up to the light fixture (Diagram 1).