The estrous cycle in dogs. Dog menstruation is a misnomer, since dogs do not menstruate. The estrous cycle in dogs consists of four major phases: proestrus, estrus, diestrus, and anestrus. A dogâs vagina discharges blood and other fluids during the first two of these phases, most heavily during proestrus.
Groupthink, a term coined by social psychologist Irving Janis (1972), occurs when a group makes faulty decisions because group pressures lead to a deterioration of mental efficiency, reality testing, and moral judgment (p. 9).xamples of Groupthink: Past and Present. Examples of groupthink fiascoes studied by Janis include US failures to anticipate the attack on Pearl Harbor, the Bay of Pigs invasion, the escalation of Vietnam war, and the ill-fated hostage rescue in Iran.
Originally coined in the 1970s by Chester Pierce, an African-American psychiatrist at Harvard, the term âmicroaggressionâ has made a comeback in recent years. âIt has become one of the most researched areas in the professional literature of psychology,â Sue says.n November at UCLA, a group of minority students claimed that their professor committed a microaggression when he corrected a studentâs grammar in a research paper by repeatedly changing the word âindigenousâ from upper-to lower-case.