Hypertonia is a term sometimes used synonymously with spasticity and rigidity in the literature surrounding damage to the central nervous system, namely upper motor neuron lesions. Impaired ability of damaged motor neurons to regulate descending pathways gives rise to disordered spinal reflexes, increased excitability of muscle spindles, and decreased synaptic inhibition. These consequences result in abnormally increased muscle tone of symptomatic muscles. Some authors suggest that the current d
Ectoplasm (from the Greek ektos, meaning outside, and plasma, meaning something formed or molded) is a term coined by Charles Richet to denote a substance or spiritual energy exteriorized by physical mediums.Ectoplasm is said to be associated with the formation of spirits.Ectoplasm is considered to be a hoax, made from cheesecloth, gauze or other natural substances.lthough the term is widespread in popular culture, the physical existence of ectoplasm is not accepted by science. Some tested samples purported to be ectoplasm have been found to be various non-paranormal substances.
enÂ·doÂ·plasÂ·mic reticulum. A network of membranes within the cytoplasm of many cells that is important in protein synthesis and involved in the transport of cellular materials. All organisms except bacteria have at least one endoplasmic reticulum in their cells. See more at cell.ndoplasâ²mic reticâ²ulum. a network of tubular membranes within the cytoplasm of the cell, occurring either with a smooth surface (smooth endoplasmic reticulum) or studded with ribosomes (rough endoplasmic reticulum), involved in the transport of materials..