the ways that communicable diseases are spread. â¢ Develop and analyze strategies for preventing communicable diseases. Write about the last time you had a cold. Include a list of the symptoms you experienced. Explain how you think you caught the cold and what you did to treat it. 622 Chapter 24 Communicable Diseases M ost of us donât spend much time thinking about micro-organisms, but they often impact our lives. Although most microorganismsâliving things too small to be seen without a microscopeâare harmless, a few, such as the viruses shown on this page, can cause communicable diseases. A communicable disease is a disease that is spread from one living thing to another or through the environment. Knowing how communicable diseases spreadcan help you choose behaviors to reduce your risk of getting them. Causes of Communicable Diseases A n organism that causes diseaseis called a pathogen. Common
Language proficiency or linguistic proficiency is the ability of an individual to speak or perform in an acquired language.As theories among pedagogues as to what constitutes proficiency go, there is little consistency as to how different organizations classify it.Additionally, fluency and language competence are generally recognized as being related, but separate controversial subjects. ACTFL Proficiency Guidelines ACTFL recognises ten different levels of proficiency: novice, intermediate, advanced, and superior, of which the first three are each subdivided into low, mid, and high. 2  Common European Framework of Reference for Languages CEFR recognises six levels: A1, A2, B1, B2, C1 and C2.
1 The most common vocabulary size for foreign test-takers is 4,500 words. 2  Foreign test-takers tend to reach over 10,000 words by living abroad.  Foreign test-takers learn 2.5 new words a day while living in an English-speaking country.