Intelligent intelligence testing. Psychologists are broadening the concept of intelligence and how to test it. Standardized intelligence testing has been called one of psychology's greatest successes. It is certainly one of the field's most persistent and widely used inventions.
During Reconstruction, the Congressmen who wanted to punish the South for starting the Civil War were: Southern Redeemers. Northern Democrats. Radical Democrats. Radical Republicans.
Many underground anti-Qing groups, with the support of Chinese revolutionaries in exile, tried to overthrow the Qing. The brief civil war that ensued was ended through a political compromise between Yuan Shikai, the late Qing military strongman, and Sun Yat-sen, the leader of the Tongmenghui (United League).