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Adaptive Immunity Definition. Adaptive immunity is an important part of the immune system. It is protection from an infectious disease agent that is mediated by B-and T-lymphocytes following exposure to specific antigen, and characterized by immunological memory.
The adaptive immune system comprises lymphocytes (B cells and T cells) having a small number of genetically encoded proteins that can combine in such a way as to produce an enormous variety of proteins, having the potential to fight any antigen encountered.