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In the Arctic tundra, many types producers, including flowering plants, low shrubs, sedges, grasses, mosses and algae, use the sunâs energy during the process of photosynthesis. Producers are then eaten by plant-eating primary consumers â- herbivores -- such as voles, caribou, arctic hares, musk oxen and squirrels. Some consumers are omnivores, which get their food from both plant and animal sources. These include grizzly bears, polar bears and ground squirrels.
The Presence of Food. The Arctic is a vast and barren continent. Much of it lies empty. The presence of prey animals determines where the arctic wolf makes his home. If there's no vegetation on which arctic hares, musk oxen and caribou might survive, the arctic wolf will most likely not be present. Many arctic wolf populations live near the sea, where they feed on seals and seabirds.