This struggle is best summarised as an inverse problem, in which one begins with a set of observations (e.g., EEG signals) and has to work backwards to try to calculate what caused them (e.g., neural activity in a specific brain region).
Application Loader is a tool provided by Apple which allows you to upload new binaries and deliver new in-app purchases to iTunes Connect. You can download and install Application loader from iTunes Connect. Installing Application Loader . Log in to iTunes Connect. Click on Resources and Help. Scroll to App Preparation and Delivery. Click the Download Application Loader link to download the self-extracting installation package (ApplicationLoader_X.X.dmg).
Instant Loading Web Apps with an Application Shell Architecture. An application shell is the minimal HTML, CSS, and JavaScript powering a user interface. An application shell is the secret to reliably good performance. Think of your app's shell like the bundle of code you'd publish to an app store if you were building a native app. It's the load needed to get off the ground, but might not be the whole story.