Transcontinental railroads in and near the United States (1887). A transcontinental railroad is a contiguous network of railroad trackage that crosses a continental land mass with terminals at different oceans or continental borders.
Normal cervical range of motion is. 1  Flexion â 80 to 90 degrees. 2  Extension â 70 degrees. 3  Lateral flexion â 20 to 45 degrees on both sides.  Rotation â 90Â° of rotation to both sides.
What Causes Cervical Spondylosis? Aging causes changes in the spinal column that result in spinal stenosisâto the extent that everyone with spinal stenosis shows evidence of the disorder on an x-ray. Cervical spondylosis may occur as a complication of osteoarthritis. Prior neck injuries may increase the risk.