Wound botulism is caused by toxin produced from a wound infected with Clostridium botulinum. Infant botulism is caused by consuming the spores of the botulinum bacteria, which then grow in the intestines and release toxins. All forms of botulism can be fatal and are considered medical emergencies. The following references aid in recognizing disease characteristics and hazards associated with botulinum toxin.
Budd suggests that a prospective buffalo rancher look up the recommended beef cow-calf stocking rate for the area and multiply by 10 to get the acreage necessary for stocking buffalo. He keeps a 30:1 cow:bull ratio. His land will support a cow-calf pair on 15 acres and a yearling over summer on 5 acres. Buffalo are easier on pasture than cattle, says Budd, because they roam and they graze all year around, reducing the stress placed on any particular area of the pasture.
1 The amount of forage (as in forage yield in terms of lb/acre or kg/hectare) and the quality of that forage is a crucial part of judging how many cattle per acre on your pastures. 2  The general principle is that higher the forage yield, the more cattle you can have per acre. If you are reading this article and wondering about other livestock and how to determine how many head of these other livestock besides cattle per acre (or hectare) are required for your pastures, this article actually still applies to them as well.