Transcontinental railroads in and near the United States (1887). A transcontinental railroad is a contiguous network of railroad trackage that crosses a continental land mass with terminals at different oceans or continental borders.
Normal cervical range of motion is. 1  Flexion â 80 to 90 degrees. 2  Extension â 70 degrees. 3  Lateral flexion â 20 to 45 degrees on both sides.  Rotation â 90Â° of rotation to both sides.
Cervical Degeneration: Bone Spurs and Cervical Osteoarthritis Bone spurs (medically known as osteophytes) are smooth structures that can grow on bones and cause enlargement of joints, such as the small, stabilizing facet joints that are located between and behind the adjacent cervical vertebrae.