A major goal for postsecondary teachers with a doctoral degree is attaining a tenureâa guarantee that a professor cannot be fired without just cause. It can take up to 7 years of moving up the ranks in tenure-track positions. The ranks are assistant professor, associate professor, and professor.
Zontivity, known generically as vorapaxar, is the first of a new class of drugs called protease-activated receptor-1 antagonists. The drugs work by preventing blood platelets from clumping together to form a blood clot. Internal bleeding is a common side effect of blood thinning drugs, and Zontivity will carry a boxed warning that it can cause potentially deadly bleeding side effects.
Micrographs of osmotic pressure on red blood cells. Tonicity is a measure of the effective osmotic pressure gradient, as defined by the water potential of two solutions separated by a semipermeable membrane. In other words, tonicity is the relative concentration of solutes dissolved in solution which determine the direction and extent of diffusion. It is commonly used when describing the response of cells immersed in an external solution. Unlike osmotic pressure, tonicity is influenced only by solutes that cannot cross the membrane, as only these exert an effective osmotic pressure. Solutes able to freely cross the membrane do not affect tonicity because they will always be in equal concentrations on both sides of the membrane.