Shoppers are to be charged 5p for every new plastic bag they use at large stores in England. The charge applies only to shops or chains with 250 or more full-time employees. Plastic bags at airport shops or on board trains, planes or ships, will not be included, and neither will paper bags.
Dysmenorrhea, also known as dysmenorrhoea, painful periods, or menstrual cramps, is pain during menstruation. It usually begins around the time that menstruation begins. Symptoms typically last less than three days. The pain is usually in the pelvis or lower abdomen.
Premenstrual cramps happen when the body undergoes hormonal imbalances. These generally occur before menstruation cycles and are characterized by a range of physical and emotional symptoms. These cramps are a part of the group of symptoms experienced in PMS (premenstrual syndrome) where the body discharges menstrual fluids. As a result, the abdomen and back muscles experience additional stress that leads to cramping pain.