As an energy source, biomass can either be used directly via combustion to produce heat, or indirectly after converting it to various forms of biofuel. Conversion of biomass to biofuel can be achieved by different methods which are broadly classified into: thermal, chemical, and biochemical methods.rops, such as corn and sugar cane, can be fermented to produce the transportation fuel, ethanol. Biodiesel, another transportation fuel, can be produced from left-over food products like vegetable oils and animal fats. Also, biomass to liquids (BTLs) and cellulosic ethanol are still under research.
Protein-energy wasting (PEW), a term proposed by the International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism (ISRNM), refers to the multiple nutritional and catabolic alterations that occur in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and associate with morbidity and mortality.
Serum protein electrophoresis showing a paraprotein (peak in the gamma zone) in a patient with multiple myeloma.A myeloma protein is an abnormal immunoglobulin fragment or immunoglobulin light chain that is produced in excess by an abnormal clonal proliferation of plasma cells, typically in multiple myeloma.Other terms for such a protein are M protein, M component, spike protein, or paraprotein.This proliferation of the myeloma protein has several deleterious effects on the body, including impaired immune function, abnormally high viscosity (thickness) of the blood, and kidney damage. myeloma protein is an abnormal immunoglobulin fragment or immunoglobulin light chain that is produced in excess by an abnormal clonal proliferation of plasma cells, typically in multiple myeloma.