All prizes below, other than the Grand Prize, are set cash prize amounts, except in California where prize payout amounts are pari-mutuel and determined by sales and the number of winners; prize amounts below may also become pari-mutuel in all jurisdictions in rare circumstances.
Gastrointestinal perforation. Perforation is a hole that develops through the wall of a body organ. This problem may occur in the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, or gallbladder. Perforation of an organ can be caused by a variety of factors. 1  These include: 2  Appendicitis. 3  Cancer. 4  Crohn disease. 5  Diverticulitis. 6  Gallbladder disease. 7  Peptic ulcer disease. 8  Ulcerative colitis. 9  Bowel blockage. 10  Chemotherapy agents.
GIARDIA OVERVIEW. Giardia (also called giardiasis or Giardia infection) is an infection of the gastrointestinal tract caused by a microscopic organism called Giardia lamblia. This parasite, which also goes by the names Giardia duodenalis or Giardia intestinalis, resides in the gut and can cause diarrhea and stomach discomfort (nausea, stomach ache). It is one of the most common gastrointestinal parasites; an estimated 1.2 million cases occur annually in the United States.