Â© 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. An inverse relationship between household income and violence exposure in youth hasbeen reported in numerous studies (e.g., Garbarino & Crouter, 1978; Gelles, 1992; Gelles& Straus, 1979; Steinberg, Catalano, & Dooley, 1981).
The head, attached to the top of the vertebral column, is balanced, moved, and rotated by the neck muscles (). When these muscles act unilaterally, the head rotates. When they contract bilaterally, the head flexes or extends. The major muscle that laterally flexes and rotates the head is the sternocleidomastoid.
Patients may feel some stretching of the muscles on the side of the neck that go down to the collarbone. These are the scalene muscles. These muscles along with the muscles at the top of the neck at the base of the skull are generally the tight muscles.The muscles in the front of the neck and muscles of the upper back are generally the weak muscles that need to be strengthened.hese are the scalene muscles. These muscles along with the muscles at the top of the neck at the base of the skull are generally the tight muscles. The muscles in the front of the neck and muscles of the upper back are generally the weak muscles that need to be strengthened.