These figures may be an underestimate because many newborns do not receive medical care. In developed countries, the estimated incidence of pneumonia in full-term infants is less than 1 percent. However, among ill infants of normal and low birth weight, the incidence may be closer to 10 percent [5].
Diphenoxylate (INN, BAN) (brand name Diocalm), or diphenoxylate hydrochloride (USAN), is a centrally-active opioid drug of the phenylpiperidine series that is used for the treatment of diarrhea.
THE USE OF DIPHENOXYLATE HYDROCHLORIDE AND ATROPINE SULFATE SHOULD BE ACCOMPANIED BY APPROPRIATE FLUID AND ELECTROLYTE THERAPY, WHEN INDICATED. IF SEVERE DEHYDRATION OR ELECTROLYTE IMBALANCE IS PRESENT, THIS PRODUCT SHOULD BE WITHHELD UNTIL APPROPRIATE CORRECTIVE THERAPY HAS BEEN INITIATED.