Total costs equal fixed costs plus variable costs. Fixed costs remain stable, especially in the short term, but may vary with a longer time horizon. Fixed costs include building and equipment costs, regulatory fees and salaried personnel. In the long run, even fixed costs can vary.
Education reform is the name given to the goal of changing public education. Historically, reforms have taken different forms because the motivations of reformers have differed. However, since the 1980s, education reform has been focused on changing the existing system from one focused on inputs to one focused on outputs (i.e., student achievement).
Improvements in access and quality of education at all the levels of education will provide the needed impetus to the reform programme as well as to the development agenda of creating wealth and reducing poverty in Ghana. The proposed reforms will contribute to an increased funding gap for the entire education sector.