What is a Placebo. A placebo (or dummy pill) is an inert substance, typically a tablet, capsule or other dose form that does not contain an active drug ingredient. For example, placebo pills or liquids may contain starch, sugar, or saline. Physical placebo, or âshamâ treatments have also been used, such as inactive acupuncture devices.
en espaÃ±olReflujo vesicoureteral (VUR) We've all heard of acid reflux â when stomach acids move up into the esophagus and cause a burning sensation â but there can be other types of reflux in the body. When urine (pee) refluxes from the bladder to the kidneys, it's called vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). Vesicoureteral (ves-ih-koe-yoo-REE-ter-ul) reflux happens when urine abnormally flows backward from the bladder into the ureters, thin tubes that connect the kidneys to the bladder.
When venous reflux strikes, health problems arise, often in the form of varicose veins, swollen, heavy, or painful legs, skin irritation, skin discoloration, and ulcers. A venous reflux exam is typically recommended for patients who complain of any of these symptoms of venous insufficiency.