These figures may be an underestimate because many newborns do not receive medical care. In developed countries, the estimated incidence of pneumonia in full-term infants is less than 1 percent. However, among ill infants of normal and low birth weight, the incidence may be closer to 10 percent [5].
Diphenoxylate (INN, BAN) (brand name Diocalm), or diphenoxylate hydrochloride (USAN), is a centrally-active opioid drug of the phenylpiperidine series that is used for the treatment of diarrhea.
This drug is a mixture of two medications, each of which can slow the bowel action. It has been around a long time and has a good safety record. However, diphenoxylate is derived from narcotics and, while it does not have any pain relieving or addiction problems, it is not recommended for chronic use.