For my senior year, the school sprang for a FORTRAN compiler to run on the business office NCR computer. My job was to run the students punch-card decks through the computer during the business office lunch hour. Spent an interim month learning to use FORTRAN as a language usage analysis tool, under tutelage of a Classic Languages professor.
electric forces can be attractive or repulsive, whereas gravitational forces are only attractive.
An electric force is exerted between any two charged objects. Objects with the same charge (both positive or both negative) will repel each other, and objects with opposite charges (one positive and one negative) will attract each other.