Most have a clear differentiation between the head of government and the head of state; with the head of government holding real power, much like constitutional monarchies. Some have fused the roles of head of state and head of government, much like presidential systems, but with a dependency upon parliamentary power.
Scalawags were southerners who cooperated with the civilian and military officials during Reconstruction. They would often take advantage of their fellow southerners through corruption and confiscation of property.<br /><br />Scalawags were white southerners who joined the Republican Party after the Civil War.
A muggle is a poor old bloke who has not been blessed with magical abilities. He has no ability to use magic. A mudblood, on the other hand, is like a first generation entrepreneur. He/she is the first in their family tree to have the ability to use magic. It's a derogatory term, and not to be used in the Potter World.