For my senior year, the school sprang for a FORTRAN compiler to run on the business office NCR computer. My job was to run the students punch-card decks through the computer during the business office lunch hour. Spent an interim month learning to use FORTRAN as a language usage analysis tool, under tutelage of a Classic Languages professor.
electric forces can be attractive or repulsive, whereas gravitational forces are only attractive.
In the Standard Model, the weak and electromagnetic forces are two aspects of something called the `electroweak force', which is described by the group . Curiously, it turns out that the familiar concept of `electric charge' is less fundamental than the concepts of `weak isospin' and `hypercharge'. The weak isospin of a particle describes how it transforms under , while its hypercharge describes how it transforms under . The electric charge is computed in a funny way from these two! In the following problems, you will examine how this works.