Electronic speed control. An electronic speed control or ESC is an electronic circuit with the purpose to vary an electric motor's speed, its direction and possibly also to act as a dynamic brake.
The ionosphere is the layer of the atmosphere that reflects radio waves. This effect is caused by the ionization, or electrical charging, of the gas particles present in the upper atmosphere by... The ionosphere is the layer of the atmosphere that reflects radio waves. This effect is caused by the ionization, or electrical charging, of the gas particles present in the upper atmosphere by X-rays and ultraviolet rays emitted by the sun.
About 29 percent of the solar energy that arrives at the top of the atmosphere is reflected back to space by clouds, atmospheric particles, or bright ground surfaces like sea ice and snow. This energy plays no role in Earthâs climate system. About 23 percent of incoming solar energy is absorbed in the atmosphere by water vapor, dust, and ozone, and 48 percent passes through the atmosphere and is absorbed by the surface.