In 1944 alone, the United States built more planes than the Japanese did from 1939 to 1945. By the end of the war, more than half of all industrial production in the world would take place in the United States.
The welt-beating and slashing machine ensures the welt is parallel to the insole. The outsole is then covered with rubber cement and attached to the upper using a sole-laying machine. The sole is stitched to the rest of the shoe using a lockstitch machine, capable of making 1,000 stitches in a minute.
Rotating abrasive wheel on a bench grinder. Pedal-powered grinding machine, Russia, 1902. A grinding machine, often shortened to grinder, is any of various power tools or machine tools used for grinding, which is a type of machining using an abrasive wheel as the cutting tool. Each grain of abrasive on the wheel's surface cuts a small chip from the workpiece via shear deformation.