Electronic speed control. An electronic speed control or ESC is an electronic circuit with the purpose to vary an electric motor's speed, its direction and possibly also to act as a dynamic brake.
The ionosphere is the layer of the atmosphere that reflects radio waves. This effect is caused by the ionization, or electrical charging, of the gas particles present in the upper atmosphere by... The ionosphere is the layer of the atmosphere that reflects radio waves. This effect is caused by the ionization, or electrical charging, of the gas particles present in the upper atmosphere by X-rays and ultraviolet rays emitted by the sun.
Solar radiation is made up of electromagnetic energy of various wavelengths. As it passes through the earth's atmosphere, half is reflected back into space while the other half makes its way to the surface of the earth. The air molecules react with this incoming radiation, scattering the light and absorbing most of the harmful rays.