Electronic speed control. An electronic speed control or ESC is an electronic circuit with the purpose to vary an electric motor's speed, its direction and possibly also to act as a dynamic brake.
The ionosphere is the layer of the atmosphere that reflects radio waves. This effect is caused by the ionization, or electrical charging, of the gas particles present in the upper atmosphere by... The ionosphere is the layer of the atmosphere that reflects radio waves. This effect is caused by the ionization, or electrical charging, of the gas particles present in the upper atmosphere by X-rays and ultraviolet rays emitted by the sun.
Further, the processes are exactly the same whether radiation is incoming or outgoing. The sun does radiate in the infrared and CO2 at the top of the atmosphere absorbs and radiates about half of the incoming infrared radiation at frequencies near 700 cm-1back into space. There is also outgoing infrared radiation that is absorbed and re-radiated back to earth.