Normal hemoglobin values are related to the person's age and sex. Normal values may vary slightly between test systems, and which groups of doctors have determined normal values for their group of patients; however, the value ranges are close (vary by about 0.5 g/dl) for almost every group.ormal hemoglobin values are related to the person's age and sex. Normal values may vary slightly between test systems, and which groups of doctors have determined normal values for their group of patients; however, the value ranges are close (vary by about 0.5 g/dl) for almost every group.
CODIS Development and Design. The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) has provided the law enforcement community with the Combined DNA Index System (CODIS), a national DNAâprofile matching service comprised of databases containing DNA profiles from crime scenes, convicted offenders, and missing persons. CODIS began as a pilot project in 1990.
A DNA microarray (also commonly known as DNA chip or biochip) is a collection of microscopic DNA spots attached to a solid surface.Scientists use DNA microarrays to measure the expression levels of large numbers of genes simultaneously or to genotype multiple regions of a genome.Each DNA spot contains picomoles (10 â12 moles) of a specific DNA sequence, known as probes (or reporters or oligos).NA microarrays can be used to detect DNA (as in comparative genomic hybridization), or detect RNA (most commonly as cDNA after reverse transcription) that may or may not be translated into proteins. The process of measuring gene expression via cDNA is called expression analysis or expression profiling.