However, they are probably best known for the roles they play in the immune systemâs defense against disease-causing organisms. 1  As part of the immune response, cytokines exert their influence over various white blood cells (leukocytes), including lymphocytes, granulocytes, monocytes, and macrophages.
Renal parenchymal echohenicity is a kind of imaging terminology, which can present some renal abnormalities. In most condition, increased renal parenchymal echogenicity indicates that there is a certain degree of kidney damage or renal parenchymal inflammation.
DOWNLOADABLE PDF: English. This handout explains how to prepare for a kidney transplant ultrasound exam, how it works, what to expect, and how to get your results. Ultrasound exams use sound waves to take pictures of the inside of your body. An ultrasound of a kidney transplant will study your transplanted kidney. This exam will show your kidney's overall blood flow.