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A protein is a polypeptide, a linear polymer of many amino acids, linked by peptide bonds. The peptide linkages, along with the a-carbon atoms to which R-groups are attached, form the protein backbone, with sequence NCCNCCNCCNCC...n an a-helix, the amino acid R-groups protrude out from the helically coiled polypeptide backbone. The surface of an a-helix largely consists of the R-groups of amino acid residues. At right, an a-helix is shown end-on and from the side.
primary structure, secondary structure, tertiary structure, quaternary structure, a-helix, b-pleated sheet, amino acids, peptide bond. Protein Primary Structure. Proteins are polymers of amino acids. Each amino acid has the same fundamental structure, differing only in the side-chain, designated the R-group.The carbon atom to which the amino group, carboxyl group, and side chain (R-group) are attached is the alpha carbon (C).rotein Primary Structure. Proteins are polymers of amino acids. Each amino acid has the same fundamental structure, differing only in the side-chain, designated the R-group. The carbon atom to which the amino group, carboxyl group, and side chain (R-group) are attached is the alpha carbon (C).