Standards suggest that reflectance value for walls should be 50-70%, floor 20 40% and for ceiling 60 80%. Therefore by checking up on against these recommendations, 27 cases are shortlisted. Out of these, finally 9 cases are selected. The 27 cases are reduced to 9 cases.
Axial Stress. Fig. Axial Stress (aka compressive stress, tensile stress) is a measure of the axial force acting on a beam quantitatively measuring the internal forces acting within in the beam. Compressive stress means the member is in compression (being smashed) vs. tensile stress which means the beam is in tension (being pulled apart).
A shear stress, denoted Ï (Greek: tau), is defined as the component of stress coplanar with a material cross section. Shear stress arises from the force vector component parallel to the cross section. Normal stress, on the other hand, arises from the force vector component perpendicular to the material cross section on which it acts.