The extra costs forprenatal care and complicated births among women whosmoke during pregnancy are more than $4 billion ayear. 1 Care for childhood illnesses resulting fromexposure to tobacco smoke costs nearly $8 billion a year.As a result, reducing parental smoking can producesubstantial economic benefits for society.
If the amine and carboxylic acid functional groups in amino acids join together to form amide bonds, a chain of amino acid units, called a peptide, is formed. A simple tetrapeptide structure is shown in the following diagram.
The covalent bonds between amino acids are called peptide bonds. It is a bond between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of another amino acid. Amino acids are bonded through condensation reactions, which produces a water molecule.t is a bond between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of another amino acid. Amino aci â¦ ds are bonded through condensation reactions, which produces a water molecule. 3 people found this useful. Blu WikiAnswers.