Available on Project MUSE and JSTOR. Online access to Contemporary Literature is available as part of the Project MUSE collections. All back issues of Contemporary Literature beginning with Vol. 1, 1960 are available online through the JSTOR digital archive.
Many manufacturers recommend water heater anode replacement every two to four years depending on the hardness of the water that passes through the tank and the quality of the water heater lining.
Average Life Expectancy. Properly maintained water heaters typically last between eight and13 years. The actual lifespan of your water heater depends on several factors, such as the manufacturer, maintenance, usage and installation. If you have a water heater that is more than 10 years old and it is not working properly, your best option is to replace it with a new one.