There are about 40 phonemes, or sound units, in English, thanks to the many ways that the 26 letters of the alphabet can be used and arranged. For instance, the phoneme or sound /f/ can be spelled using the letters f, ff, or ph.
(January 2017) A biointerface is the region of contact between a biomolecule, cell, biological tissue or living organism or organic material considered living with another biomaterial or inorganic/organic material. The motivation for biointerface science stems from the urgent need to increase the understanding of interactions between biomolecules and surfaces.
Remediate means to solve a problem, and bio-remediate means to use biological organisms to solve an environmental problem such as contaminated soil or groundwater. In a non-polluted environment, bacteria, fungi, protists, and other microorganisms are constantly at work breaking down organic matter.