Stigma and Mental Illness. Stigma has been defined as an attribute that is deeply discrediting.1 This stigmatized trait sets the bearer apart from the rest of society, bringing with it feelings of shame and isolation.
The performance of metal halide perovskite solar cells has made rapid increases in energy conversion efficiency, improving from under 4% efficiency in 2010 to a record efficiency of 22% in 2016. Because of the high absorption coefficient, a thickness of only about 500 nm is needed to absorb solar energy.
back to structure index. The general formula for a perovskite is ABO3 where A and B are cations. The easiest way to visualize the structure is in terms of the BO6 octahedra which share corners infinitely in all 3 dimensions, making for a very nice and symmetric structure.he double perovskite structure is so named because the unit cell of is twice that of perovskite. It has the same architeture of 12 coordinate A sites and 6 coordinate B sites, but two cations are ordered on the B site. The example shown here is Sr 2 FeMoO 6 (download cif).