Caledon Hockley. Caledon Nathan Hockley, often shortened to Cal, (1880's-1929) was Rose's fiancÃ© and the main antagonist of the film Titanic.
The mandate has substantive purposes as well. The mandate controls which court has jurisdiction over the case and what can further happen in the case. Particularly where the appellate court has ordered further proceedings, being aware of the mandate is critical to preparing for those proceedings.
An appellate court may also review the lower judge's discretionary decisions, such as whether the judge properly granted a new trial or disallowed evidence. The lower court's decision is only changed in cases of an abuse of discretion. This standard tends to be even more deferential than the clear error standard.