Police Brutality Law and Legal Definition. Police brutality is a civil rights violation that occurs when a police officer acts with excessive force by using an amount of force with regards to a civilian that is more than necessary. Excessive force by a law enforcement officers is a violation of a person's rights.
In California, we typically calculate chilling hours from Nov. 1, through the end of February. Cumulative chilling hours are calculated by either summing the hours below 45 degrees or those between 32 degrees and 45 degrees. The hours can be recorded with your own weather station or by using one of several Web sites which calculate hours from weather stations nearest your vineyard.
Kinetics Of A Reaction - Calculating Activation Energy. The rate constant of a reaction can be expressed as. k = Ae-Ea/RT. which is called the Arrhenius equation. Taking the natural log of both sides of the Arrhenius equation gives. ln k = -Ea/R(1/T) + ln A. The equation above is of the form y = mx + b, where y = ln k, m = -Ea/RT, x = 1/T, and b = ln A. For a reaction whose rate constant obeys the Arrhenius equation, a plot of ln k vs 1/T gives a straight line and it's slope can be used to determine Ea.