This makes the kidneys less permeable to water, more water flows to the bladder. This increased loss of water upsets the balance of the electrolyte concentration and negatively affects the metabolic process. This can cause dehydration in chronic alcohol consumers.
The hormones insulin and cholecystokinin (CCK) are released from the GI tract during food absorption and act to suppress feeling of hunger. CCK is key in suppressing hunger because of its role in inhibiting neuropeptide Y. Glucagon and epinephrin levels rise during fasting and stimulate hunger.
Melatonin is a hormone secreted by the pineal gland in the brain. The precursor to melatonin is serotonin, a neurotransmitter thatâs derived from the amino acid tryptophan. When itâs dark, your body produces more melatonin. When itâs light, the production of melatonin decreases.