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Catalase is a common enzyme found in nearly all living organisms exposed to oxygen. It catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen. It is a very important enzyme in protecting the cell from oxidative damage by reactive oxygen species. Likewise, catalase has one of the highest turnover numbers of all enzymes; one catalase molecule can convert millions of hydrogen peroxide molecules to water and oxygen each second. Catalase is a tetramer of four polypeptide chains, each ov
Catalase (like many enzymes) has a specific function. This is because of the unique shape of the catalase molecule. Its shape allows the enzyme to bond with a specific substrate (such as hydrogen peroxide). A substrate is the compound with which an enzyme bonds. Think of it as a lock and key. In our example, catalase represents the lock, and the hydrogen peroxide represents the key.