Schrader valves, seen on mountain bikes, kidsâ bikes and all types of casual riding bikes, are the same valve type you will see on automobile tires. The valve body is shorter than that of a Presta, and the depressible pin sits inside the valve stem rather than on top of it.
Papilledema refers to swelling of the optic disc from increased intracranial pressure (ICP)]. It must be distinguished from optic disc swelling from other causes which is simply termed optic disc edema. Papilledema must also be distinguished from pseudo-papilledema such as optic disc drusen. Since the root cause of papilledema is increased intracranial pressure (ICP) this is an alarming sign which may presage such entities as brain tumor, CNS inflammation, or idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). Etiology
Pulmonary edema is a buildup of fluid in the lung that limits breathing. Pulmonary edema can be serious and life threatening. The most common cause of pulmonary edema is heart disease or heart failure, which prevents the heart from pumping effectively and leads to fluid buildup in the lungs and other parts of the body. Damage to the lungs themselves can also cause pulmonary edema. Such damage may be the result of trauma, inhaled toxins, infection, or some medications. Less commonly, exercising at high altitude may lead to pulmonary edema.