title: COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION - Environmental Taxes and Charges in the Single Market

text: T«~<t|nS<k'J;'ii. -<t,'lj*"llJt <Q COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES Brussels, 2 6. 0 3. 1 9 97 COM(97) 9 final COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION Environmental Taxes and Charges in the Single Market FOREWORD The Commission has several times given its support to an increased use of fiscal instruments to make environmental policy more efficient and cost-effective. Most of these instruments are implemented at Member State level. This Communication is presented in order to support these activités, and ensure that the environmental taxes and charges are used in a way compatible with Community legislation. The Communication is a first step in the Commission's treatment of the use of environmental taxes by the Member States. It aims to explain the existing legal framework for the use of environmental taxes and charges by Member States within the framework of the single market. It also aims to clarify both the possibilities and constraints for Member States to act in this field. This Communication will not discuss the advantages and disadvantages in terms of economic efficiency and environmental effectiveness of using environmental levies at Member States level. Nevertheless, it will provide Member States with a view of the legal obligations in question, which have to be considered, when environmental levies and charges are designed. It shows that there is considerable room for action by the Member States to implement fiscal instruments, while respecting Treaty obligations. Environmental taxes and charges are increasingly used in the Member States. This opens up the scope for a more cost-effective environmental policy. Environmental taxes and charges can be an appropriate way of implementing the "polluter pays" principle, by including the environmental costs in the price of goods or services. Fiscal instruments are considered as incentives for producers and consumers, steering choices towards more environmentally sustainable activities. The present use of environment taxes in the Member States is set out in an appendix to the Communication. Obviously, these instruments should be used in a way which is compatible with Community law. In particular, competition, single market and taxation policies affect how environmental taxes and charges, and the resulting revenues, may be used. The legal framework basically aims to ensure that Member States do not distort competition by discriminating against products/services from other Member States. However, the detailed legal framework is quite complex, which is the reason why the Commission deems it important to clarify it in this Communication. The document also specifies in the Community, known as the rules of notification. the control measures existing The Commission, in cooperation with all interested parties, intends to continue to explore the avenue of environmental levies and charges by : i) ii) iii) Systematic collection of experience from Member States of the existing levies and charges, Systematic analysis of the environmental impact of the use of environmental taxes and charges within Member States, Systematic analysis of the impact of environmental taxes and charges on the internal market and the competitiveness of European industry The results of this work will be used to draw policy conclusions on the further use of these instruments on Community and Member State levels. CONTENTS I. OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE OF THE COMMUNICATION , 1 II. DEFINITIONS AND LEGAL CONTEXT a. Definitions b. Different types of environmental levies c. Legal context III. GUIDELINES A. GUIDELINES FOR THE USE OF ENVIRONMENTAL LEVIES a. Environmental objective of the levy b. Custom duties and charges having similar effects c. Internal taxation d. Secondary legislation on indirect taxation e. State aid Existence of aid Compatibility of aid with EU state aid legislation f. Quantitative restrictions, and measures having equivalent effect B. GUIDELINES ON COMMUNITY CONTROL MECHANISMS a. Notification requirements in the field of state aid b. Notification requirements in the field of Directive 83/189/EEC and secondary Community environmental law c. Notification of national measures transposing Community Directives d. Complaints and Commission's own initiative investigations IV. CONCLUSION APPENDIX 3 3 4 5 5 5 5 6 7 9 11 15 17 17 19 20 20 20 Overview of environmentally related taxes and charges in EU/EEA Member States. & I. OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE OF THE COMMUNICATION 1. The Community Fifth Environmental Action Programme1 and its 1996 review2, present the broadening of the range of environmental policy instruments as one of its key priorities. On several occasions, the Community Institutions have called upon the Commission and the Member States to explore to a larger extent the potential of new environmental policy instruments, in particular of a fiscal nature. In December 1995 the European Council of Madrid concluded: "In order to exploit the job-creation potential of environmental protection, these (environmental) policies should - to a greater extent than at present - rely on market based instruments, including fiscal ones. " The European Council of Florence of June 1996 sent a similar message3. 2. In order to reach environmental objectives, which are increasingly set in the context of framework legislation at EU level, Member States have, apart from measures harmonised at Community level, a multitude of economic, technical, and voluntary instruments at their disposal. Environmental taxes and charges form part of the range of environmental instruments and can be an appropriate way of implementing the polluter pays principle, by including the environmental costs in the price of a good or service. These instruments can thereby induce consumers and producers into environmentally more sustainable behaviour. 3. One of the purposes of environmental taxes and charges is to reach an environmental objective, and consequently, they should have an effect on the market. It is therefore important that the rate of an environmental tax or a charge is set at a correct level: a levy which is too low will not be able to fully correct a distortion on the market, while a levy which is too high replaces one distortion with another. 4. Revenues from environmental taxes and charges can be used to finance environmental protection activities. In some cases, these instruments can also provide large and stable revenues. They can then be used to decrease other taxes which are perceived as distorting the economy, such as labour taxes. Such an approach was proposed to the Member States in the OJnoC 138, 17. 5. 1993, p. 1. 2 COM (95) 647, 24. 01. 1996 It requested the Council to submit to it a report on the development of the tax systems within the Union, "taking account of the need to create a tax environment that stimulates enterprise and the creation of jobs and promote a more efficient environmental policy". Commission White paper "Growth, Competitiveness, and Employment"4; and endorsed by the European Council of Brussels in December 1993. This question is also dealt with in the Commission Report5 "Taxation in the European Union, Report on the Development of Tax Systems", prepared for the European Council in Dublin, December 1996. 5. Environmental taxes and charges are being used in all EC/EEA Member States6 and they also play an increasing role in environmental policy in the Central and Eastern European countries that have applied for EU membership. Where appropriate, Community-wide rules have been adopted to enable such taxes to be applied within the framework of the single market (e. g. taxation of mineral oils; see paragraph 23). On the other hand, in line with the principle of subsidiarity, an increasing number of national initiatives in the form of taxes and charges are being taken to deal with local environmental problems, which often also are more efficiently dealt with at that level. 6. The use of environmental taxes and charges and of their revenues impinges, directly or indirectly, on several areas of Community legislation other than environmental policy, and in particular on competition, single market and taxation policies. Many concrete cases have shown the importance of improving integration between these different areas of policy. In the agricultural sector, additional considerations might sometimes be required, due to the Community agricultural policy. The use of environmental taxes and charges may also affect obligations towards third countries, e. g. in the context of the WTO. Member States need to take account of all these linkages in order to ensure that national environmental taxes and charges are implemented in a way which is compatible with their WTO and Treaty obligations7. 7. For the reasons set out above, the Commission deems it important to clarify the legal framework applicable for Member States wishing to introduce environmental taxes and charges. The framework is defined by the Treaty, secondary EC legislation, the jurisprudence 4 5 6 COM (93) 700 final COM (96) 546, 22. 10. 1996 See further Appendix 1. Although this document concerns aspects related to the single market, Member States should be aware that there may potentially be conflicts between what is permitted by EU and WTO rule, especially in the field of Border Tax Adjustments. See further Commission Communication on Trade and Environment, COM (96) 54 (OJ no C , 28. 02. 1996). of the Court of Justice, as well as the decisions and legal steps the Commission has taken to put this legal framework into practice. The Commission also deems it important to highlight which further elements it may take into consideration when assessing national environmental taxes and charges. The objective of the document is, however, not to analyze the advantages and disadvantages in terms of economic and environmental efficiency of using environmental taxes and charges at Member State level. The information should provide useful guidelines for Member States in designing, implementing and evaluating such instruments. The aim is to ensure a balanced and efficient use of the instruments at Member State, regional or local level, and a transparent assessment by the Commission. 8. The Commission will keep the use of environmental taxes and charges at national level under review, having regard to the impact of such measures on the functioning of environmental policy, the single market and on European competitiveness, and other relevant policies such as energy policy. If a multiplication of different national solutions to similar problems become evident, or when environmental objectives can be reached in a more cost- effective way, the Commission will put forward new proposals at Community level despite the difficulties which arise because of the current unanimity requirements for the adoption of fiscal measures. 9. Chapter II of this Communication deals with the question of definitions and sets out the general legal context, while detailed guidelines are set out in Chapter III. It should be stressed that this Communication cannot provide definitive answers on future cases, and consequently, each individual case will have to be considered on its own merits. II. DEFINITIONS AND LEGAL CONTEXT a. Definitions 10. In the area of environmental taxation, different meanings are often given to similar terms in different Member States, and no precise definitions are offered by EU legislation. Nevertheless, it is important to stress that it is the characteristics and the effects of a measure which determines how it will be judged with respect to Community law and not the denominations used in the Member States. Accordingly, this Communication does not set out to define the various types of instruments used in Member States. The term "taxes and charges" should be understood to cover all compulsory, unrequited payments, whether the revenue accrues directly to the Government budget or is destined for particular purposes (e. g. earmarking). In this Communication the word levy will be used to cover "taxes and charges" as defined above. Levies covered by more specific provisions in Community directives will fall under the legal context of respective directive. 11. One likely feature for a levy to be considered as environmental would be that the taxable base of the levy has a clear negative effect on the environment. However, a levy could also be regarded as environmental if it has a less clear, but nevertheless discernable positive environmental effect. One such example could be differentiations of any tax or charge based on environmental criteria, such as between leaded and unleaded gasoline. In general, it is up to the Member State to show the estimated environmental effect of the levy, if that would be needed in assessing its compatibility with Community law. b. Different types of environmental levies 12. Experience has shown that environmental taxes and charges are very different in nature but can be divided into two main categories8. Emission levies involve payments that are directly related to the real or estimated pollution caused, whether emitted into air, water or on the soil, or due to the generation of noise. Existing examples are charges on emissions of NOx from large combustion plants, and charges on pollution to water from waste water treatment plants. Levies on the emission of noise exist in the field of aviation. In so far as these levies are applied to stationary sources (such as industrial plants) they will to a large extent fall outside the scope of this Communication, as the cost of paying them falls only on domestic producers9. Product levies are applied to raw materials and intermediate inputs such as fertilisers, pesticides, natural gravel, and ground water, and on final consumer products such as batteries, one way packaging, car tyres and plastic bags. Some product levies that have existed for many years, mainly in the field of energy, are increasingly regarded as contributing to the See further e. g. "Environmental Taxes; Implementation and Environmental Effectiveness", European Environmental Agency, 1996, and "Environmental Taxes in OECD Countries", OECD, 1995. Q Exemptions from emission levies and the use of revenues from such levies may, however, fall under state aid rules (see further below). integration between environmental and energy policies. Typical examples are taxes on gasoline, diesel and heating oils and electricity. c. Legal context 13 The legal appraisal of environmental levies is complex since the instrument is comparatively new and developing and since the Treaty was not conceived with this type of environmental policy instrument in mind. The basic legal context surrounding environmental levies is given by the following articles: customs duties levied on intra Community trade, or charges having equivalent effect (Articles 9-12); quantitative restrictions on importations and exportations of goods between the Member States, or measures having equivalent effect (Articles 30 - 36); provisions on transport policy, that are less favourable in their effect on carriers of other Member States (Article 76). state aid creating distortions of competition affecting intra community trade (Articles 92-93); internal taxation discriminating against products of other Member States or otherwise protecting national production (Article 95) and legislation concerning excise duties and other forms of indirect taxation based on Article 99; Article 13Or stating the objectives of Community environmental policy. III. GUIDELINES A GUIDELINES FOR THE USE OF ENVIRONMENTAL LEVIES a. Environmental objective of the levy 14. Article 2 of the EC Treaty states that "sustainable and non-inflationary growth respecting the environment" is one of the main tasks of the Community. Article 130r states that Community policy on the environment shall contribute to preserving, protecting and improving the quality of the environment, protecting human health and prudent and rational utilisation of natural resources. The preventative aspect is a key principle as well as the polluter pays principle and the precautionary principle. Furthermore it is stated that environmental protection requirements must be integrated into the definition and implementation of other policies. When introducing environmental levies Member States should provide a sound justification on the need to solve the environmental problems. Particular attention should be paid to the relation between these measures and the elements included in Article 13 Or of EC Treaty, Community environmental legislation and related jurisprudence, the Fifth Environmental Action Program10, and international agreements to which the European Community has acceded. b. Customs duties and charges having equivalent effect 15. According to Articles 9 to 12 of the EC Treaty, Member States shall refrain from introducing any new customs duties on imports or exports or any charges having equivalent effect. Such customs duties in the strictest sense no longer exist between Member States. Nevertheless, the Court has decided that any pecuniary charge levied on products only because they cross a frontier has an equivalent effect to a customs duty. If a levy falls only on foreign products, it may therefore be regarded as equivalent to a customs duty. However, if such a levy is part of a general system of taxation of products, according to objective criteria without regard to the origin of the products, it will have to be examined on the basis of Article 95. 16. A general system of taxation under which a very large portion of national production is exempted may still be regarded as a charge having an effect equivalent to a customs duty. In this connection the Court has made it clear that it may be necessary to take into account the appropriation of the revenue from the levy. A levy applying to products of other Member States and domestic products according to the same criteria can therefore constitute a charge having an effect equivalent to customs duties, if the revenue is used to fully compensate domestic producers of the taxed products. However, using the revenue to support the consumers of the taxed products would not fall in this category, but would have to be judged according to state aid law (see paragraphs 33 - 34). A levy could be regarded as having an effect similar to customs duties, and illegal state aid, as it can be governed both by the provisions of Article 9-12 and by Article 92. 10 OJnoC 138, 17. 5. 1993, p. 1 c. Internal taxation 17. Article 95 aims at guaranteeing the neutrality of internal taxation by-prohibiting discrimination against products of other Member States and protection of domestic products. The relevant jurisprudence developed by the Court of Justice is based on three main principles : 1) Member States are, subject to certain limits, in principle free to choose the system of taxation which they consider most suitable; 2) The system applied to domestic products constitutes the point of reference for determining whether products of other Member States are taxed more heavily than domestic products; 3) Article 95 is infringed if a product of another Member State is more heavily charged than a domestic product. 18. As regards the first point, the Court has consistently held11 that Member States may differentiate levies between products, even if they are "similar". To be legal, such differentiation 1) must be based on objective criteria, such as the nature of the raw materials used or the production processes employed12; 2) must pursue objectives of economic policy which are themselves compatible with the requirements of the Treaty and its secondary legislation; and 3) in addition, the detailed rules must be such as to avoid direct or indirect discrimination of products from other Member States or protection of competing domestic products. The Court has pointed out that a levy cannot be considered discriminatory solely because only products of other Member States fall within the most heavily taxed category, if this results from the application of objective and not discriminatory criteria13. If, however, products of other Member States are , on the basis of arbitrary and/or discriminatory 1 ' 12 13 Judgement of 4 March 1986 Case C-106/84, Commission v. Denmark [1986] ECR 833 and judgement of 7 April 1987 Case C-196/85 Commission v. France [1987] ECR 1597. Judgement of 14 January 1981, Case 46/80, SA Vinal v. Orbat [1981] ECR 77. Judgement of 30 November 1995, Case C-l 13/94, Casarin [1995] ECR 4203. conditions, excluded in advance and/or by definition from benefitting from a reduced rate of the levy, there would be a breach of Article 9514. 19. As regards point 2, the system of taxation must be transparent, at least to the extent that it must be possible to determine objectively whether the burden falling on products of other Member States exceeds that falling on similar domestic products15. Moreover, the system must apply equally to domestic products and products of other Member States. In particular, according to the Court, to assess if Article 95 has been infringed, it is necessary to take into consideration : - - - - the rate of the levy, the provisions relating to the taxable base, the control systems for charging the levy, and the detailed rules for the collection of the levy. The case law of the Court also points out that the mere fact that the tax is levied predominantly on imports is not enough to deem it discriminatory16. The decisive criterion is the actual financial burden of each levy falling on national products on the one hand and on products of other Member States on the other. 20. Article 95 does not give the Community a right to judge whether a levy in a Member State is excessively high in relation to its environmental objective17. Jurisprudence on Article 95 has confirmed the application of the criteria of proportionality, which involves balancing the gain for the environment with the potential impact on the single market, only for administrative control measures of the levy 18. 21. As regards point 3, in order to establish if Article 95, first paragraph, is infringed, the "similarity" between national and foreign products must be assessed. The Court has held that "similar products" are those that " have similar characteristics and meet the same needs from 14 15 16 17 Judgement of 27 May 1981, Case 142 and 143/80, Salengo, [1981] ECR 1413 and Judgement of 3 July 1985, Case 277/83, Commission v Italy [1985] ECR 2049. Judgements of 26 June 1991, Case C-152/89, Commission v Luxembourg [1991] ECR 3141 and Case C- 153/89, Commission v Belgium, [1991] ECR 3171. Judgement of 16 December 1986, Case 200/85, Commission v Italy, [1986] ECR 3953. Judgement of 5 April 1990, Case C-132/88, Commission v. Greece [1990] ECR 1567. Judgement-of 7 April 1987, Case 196/85 Commission v. France [1987] ECR 1597. the point of view of consumers"19. In this context, it should be considered whether goods with the same function but with different environmental properties due to content or differences in production methods could be regarded as being different goods20. 22. If the goods are not "similar", but still are at least partially or potentially competing with foreign products , the second paragraph of Article 95 requires that the levy must not have the effect of protecting domestic products21. In the assessment of this aspect, not only the actual situation but also the potential market for foreign products, if no protectionist measures were involved, should be taken into consideration. It is also necessary to take into account how the revenue from the levy is used. The Court ruled that when the revenue from a levy is used to partly offset the burden borne by domestic products, the charge constitutes discriminatory taxation within the meaning of Article 95 of the Treaty22. In addition, a levy could be regarded as being both discriminatory and illegal state aid, as it can be governed both by the provisions of the first paragraph of Article 95 and by Article 9223 (see paragraphs 26 ff). d. Secondary legislation on indirect taxation 23. Community legislation adopted under Article 99 contains a) harmonised rules on tax structure and minimum rates for excise duties on mineral oils, tobacco and alcoholic beverages b) other general provisions in directive 92/12/EEC, allowing Member States to introduce indirect taxes on products provided that those taxes do not give rise to border-crossing formalities in trade between Member States. 19 20 21 22 23 Judgement of 7 May 1987, Commission v. Italy, Case 184/85 [1987] ECR 2013. In order to assess similarity, the Court considered whether products satisfy the same consumer needs and both legal and factual circumstances are relevant. Under Council Regulation on a Community eco-label award scheme (EEC No 880/92 of 23/3 1992, OJ no L 99, 11. 04. 1992, p. 1. ), eco-labels can be awarded for products (e. g. paper) with the same function but with different ecological properties. Judgements of 7 May 1987, Case 184/85, Commission v Italy, [1987] ECR 2013 and case 193/85, Co- frutta, [1987] ECR 2085. Judgement of 16 December 1992, Case C-17/91, Georges Lornoy [1992] ECR 6523. Judgement of 21 May 1980, Case 73/79, Commission v. Italy [1980] ECR 1533. An important provision of Directive 92/81/EEC24 is that in general, only one tax rate per product can be used. Directive 92/12/EEC25 provides Member States with the possibility, within certain restrictions, to introduce other national taxes on mineral oils. Such taxes must comply with the rules applicable for excise duty and VAT 26. Member States may request authorization from the Council to apply reduced tax rates or exemptions, e. g. for environmental reasons27. In addition, Member States have the right to apply reduced tax rates or tax exemptions on mineral oils used for specific purposes, for example, in the field of public transport and within the agriculture sector. 24. Directive 93/89/EEC28, sets out framework conditions for the application of taxes , tolls and user charges (Eurovignette) on heavy goods vehicles in Member States. The Commission presented in July 1996 a proposal29, based on Article 75, for replacing this Directive30. The proposal would allow road charges (annual vehicle taxes, tolls and user charges in general and in particular on sensitive routes) to be differentiated to take account of external costs. More generally, the Commission launched a debate on the use of economic instruments in the transport sector with its Green Paper "Towards fair and efficient pricing in transport: Policy options for 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Council Directive 92/81/EEC of 19 October 1992, on the harmonisation of the structures of excise duties on mineral oils (OJ no L 316, 31. 10. 1992, p. 12). Council Directive 92/12/EEC of 25 February 1992 on the general arrangements for products subject to excise duty and on the holding, movement and monitoring of such products (OJ no L 76, 23. 03. 1992, p. l). Laid down in Directives 92/81/EEC of 19 October 1992, on the harmonisation of the structures of excise duties on mineral oils (OJ no L 316, 31. 10. 1992, p. 12) and 92/82/EEC of 19 October 1992, on the approximation of the rates of excise duties on mineral oils (OJ no L 316, 31. 10. 1992, p. 19). So far some 70 derogations have been granted. Some derogations concern tax differentiation depending on environmental criteria of fuels such as reduced rates on environmentally improved diesel and on reformulated unleaded and leaded petrol. The Community wide stipulated tax differentiation between leaded and unleaded petrol has been created by treating the two different fuels as different products. Directive 93/89/EEC (OJ no L 279, 12. 11. 1993). Proposal for a Council Directive on the charging of heavy goods vehicles for the use of certain infrastructure, COM (96) 331, 10. 7. 1996. The Court annulled the Directive on 5 July 1995 on grounds of procedural irregularities. The effects of the Directive are however to be maintained until legislation replacing the Directive is adopted. 10 internalizing the external costs of transport in the European Union. 31" Further action to follow up the Green paper will be brought forward by the Commission later this year 25. The Directives 91/542/EEC32, 93/59/EEC33, 94/12/EC34, adopted under Article 100a, concerning polluting emissions from motor vehicles contain specific frameworks for fiscal incentives related to the purchase of new vehicles. The system aims at allowing Member States to encourage marketing of new cleaner vehicles, while avoiding fiscal measures constituting de facto technical requirements other than those harmonised at Community level. These fiscal incentives are authorised provided that they respect the following principles: they must apply to all new vehicles in conformity with future emission limits foreseen in the Directives they must be phased out when the new emission limits become mandatory, they must be lower than the extra cost needed to meet these future emission standards, they have to be notified in due time to the Commission. e. State aid 26. According to Article 92 of the Treaty, any aid granted by a Member State which distorts or threatens to distort competition shall be incompatible with the common market. As a general rule, an aid element contained in a levy system cannot be authorised by the Commission if other provisions of the Treaty are being infringed. Thus, it first has to be assured that an environmental levy does not run counter to these other provisions, in particular Articles 9, 12, 30-36 and 95. If an aid element does not run counter to these provisions, the aid may be deemed compatible with the common market as described below. a) Existence of aid 27. Before deciding on the compatibility of aid with EC state aid provisions, the Commission has to clarify if aid is involved. Revenues from environmental levies constitute "state 31 32 33 34 Com (95) 691 final OJ no L 295, 25. 10. 1991, p. l. OJ no L 186, 28. 07. 1993, p. 21. OJ no L 100, 19. 04. 1994, p. 42. 11 resources". If such revenues are assigned to the general state budget, its future use does not come within the scope of this communication. If, on the other hand, the revenue is destined for a special purpose, state aid may be involved if certain enterprises or productions are favoured. Exemptions from product or emission levies also constitute state aid, even when these exemptions are necessary to prevent domestic firms from being placed at a disadvantage compared with their competitors in countries that do not have such levies. b) Compatibility of aid with EC state aid provisions Use of revenues 28. Article 92 paragraph 2 lays down categories of aid which shall be deemed compatible with the common market, while paragraph 3 specifies some categories of aid which may be deemed compatible with it. Article 93 gives provisions for a procedure in order for the Commission to assess state aid in the light of Article 92. The principles according to which aid schemes pursuing environmental objectives shall be assessed by the Commission are set out in the Community guidelines on State aid for environmental protection35. The assessment is normally made by weighing the adverse effects on competition with the benefits for the environment. 29. When assessing state aid cases the Commission takes into account both the origin and the use of revenue in order to get a complete picture. An analysis of the use of revenues in isolation, which did not take the origin into account, would give an incomplete figure as it would seem as if there was simply a distribution of public funds. To this effect the Court has stated that the Commission must take into consideration all those factors which directly or indirectly may be involved, including indirect aid, the financing of the aid and the connection between the financing and the amount to be distributed as aid36. 30. In order to facilitate the assessment by the Commission, Member States are encouraged to state clearly how the revenues from the environmental levies are to be used. In all cases it is desirable that the criteria used are open, transparent, non-arbitrary and provide incentives for a desirable behaviour. The following are the most common ways of using revenue: 35 36 OJ No C 72, 10. 3. 1994, p. 3. Judgement of 25 June 1970, Case 47/69, France v Commission, [1970]. 12 1) Support to environmental investments/activities 31. Examples of facts the Commission takes into account when assessing compatibility of support to environmental investments with EC state aid rules are: - whether the revenue is spent in the same sector of economic activity as it was collected, or in a different sector, i. e. if any sector receives a net benefit, - whether the activities financed by the proceeds of the levies can be provided on a normal commercial basis with a satisfactory result, or whether some form of aid is needed, - whether the money paid to firms can be considered compensation for undertaking activities that they would otherwise not perform, and that are in the public interest, - the intended duration of the measure, - if the aid element is intended to be reduced over time. 2) Levies to finance systems for collection and disposal of dangerous products or substances 32. There is an increasing number of systems for the collection and disposal of products or substances which are harmful to the environment. Under those systems, the Member State normally imposes a levy on the sale of the products or substances concerned, with the proceeds being used to pay companies for the collection and disposal of the products after 38 use. 37 38 For aid to agricultural activities, the rules which apply can be found in regulation (EEC) no 2. 078/92, O. J. no. L 215 of 30. 07. 1992, p. 85. The Commission have assessed and agreed to three such cases, namely a Danish scheme for the collection of environmentally harmful batteries (State aid case N 539/95), a Danish scheme for the collection and disposal of used car tyres (State aid case N 684/93, OJ no C 390, 31. 12. 1994, p. 15) and a Dutch scheme for the collection and disposal of car wrecks (State aid case N 93/95 (ex N 182/95)). The key elements in the Commission's assessment were the following: (1) that the charge which finances the system is imposed on all importers/producers of the products concerned in a non-discriminatory way, (2) that the payment to the collecting firms is based on normal commercial terms and (3) that the systems do' not allow, directly or indirectly, the collecting companies to sell the collected products below market price. (4) that the systems should be open and transparent, and be economically efficient. As these requirements were fulfilled, the Commission concluded that the aid was deemed compatible with state aid legislation and agreed to these collection and disposal systems 13 3) Redistribution to the collective that paid the levy 33. Redistribution of revenues from emission levies, only charged on domestic firms, to the collective that paid them would normally be uncontroversial, as long as the system follows general requirements on transparency and non-arbitrariness. Such systems should however avoid unjustifiably favouring a specific domestic sector. 34. Product levies can affect both domestic products and those of other Member States. If the revenues from product levies are used to fully offset the burden borne by domestic producers, the levy can be regarded as being a charge having equivalent effect to a customs duty. It would then, as described above, be prone to be prohibited under Art 12 6f the Treaty (see paragraphs 15 - 16). If the revenues partly offset the burden borne by the domestic producers, the levy would have to be examined concerning discrimination under article 95 (see paragraph 22). The Commission has not raised objections in cases involving product levies, where the revenue has been intended to solve similar environmental problems as the levy itself, provided that the above mentioned problems did not arise39. Exemption rules favourable to domestic firms 35. As stated above, exemptions from emission or products levies may constitute state aid in the meaning of Art. 92(1) of the Treaty. Temporary relief from new emission levies may be authorized where it is necessary to offset losses in competitiveness, since emission levies usually only apply to domestic firms. To ensure that these reliefs do not distort competition unduly, and to give an incentive for the aid recipients to implement measures to reduce pollution, the Commission requires that the tax relief or compensation - is temporary, - does not provide the sector with a net benefit, and - in principle, reduces over time40. 39 40 In two state aid cases; concerning control of seeds in France (State aid case N 693/91), and concerning a levy on pesticides in Denmark (State aid case N 416/95), the Commission decided that revenues collected by levies on both domestic products and those of other Member States may be used to address domestic environmental problems that are targeted by the levy. The requirement is that the revenue is distributed on the basis of objective criteria, and does not support the domestic producers of the levied products. For these reasons, the Commission has, for example, accepted the Dutch (State aid case N 760/95) and Danish C02/Energy tax schemes (State aid case N 459/95, OJ no C 324, 5. 12. 1995, p. 9) as compatible with state aid rules. 14 36. Exemption rules on product levies are more sensitive, since such levies affect producers in other Member States. Such exemptions would first have to be examined according to discrimination and single market rules, and if accepted, then according to stat& aid law. In general, Member States are encouraged to ensure that - the exemption rules are clearly described, open and transparent - the expected time frame for the system is described - the effects on concerned sectors analyzed - the exemptions not give an undue advantage to domestic firms - the envisaged effects both on domestic producers and importers of the concerned products and close substitutes is analyzed. f. Quantitative restrictions and measures having equivalent effect 37. Under certain conditions set out below, a levy or some aspects of it may be assessed in light of Article 30, which prohibits all measures having equivalent effect to quantitative restrictions on imports. However, a measure with such an effect may be permitted under Articles 30-36, if it is judged necessary to reach the environmental objective, and if the effects on the internal market are considered to be proportionate to the environmental gain. It has to be emphasized that it is the means of protecting the environment, and not the environmental objective as such, which are subject to assessment under Article 30. Applicability of Article 30 38. Article 30 of the Treaty does not normally apply when a levy falls under Articles 9, 12, 16, or 95 of the EC Treaty. However, it could apply in the following circumstances: - when a levy is imposed on a product for which there is no similar or competing national production, and the levy is of such an amount that the free movement of the products may be impeded: the Court has, for example, indicated that if a registration tax is applied to new motor vehicles in a Member State where no such vehicles are manufactured, it may be examined under Article 3041, or, 41 Case 47/88, Commission v Denmark [1990] ECR 4509. 15 - when a levy is connected with certain conditions or factors which can be separated from those defining the operation of the levy system, these requirements may be considered as falling under Article 30. Such conditions or factors could concern how the products have to be labelled or presented. If, for example the levy regulation requires an economic operator to alter the form, size or designation of the product, or the label under which the product is lawfully marketed in another Member State42, and if this modification is not necessary for the proper functioning and objective of the levy, the required modification may be assessed under Article 3043. Furthermore, in accordance with the jurisprudence of the Court of Justice concerning technical requirements, the conditions or factors referred to above may not channel trade in such a way that only certain traders can effect the imports of the products concerned, whereas others are prevented from doing so44. 39. The Court has ruled that a measure, such as a deposit charged per bottle, as part of a recycling system for bottles, cannot in itself qualify as a fiscal measure, and may therefore be examined under Article 3045. Assessment criteria on Article 30 40. Case-law on the application of Article 30 is abundant concerning non-fiscal measures, but the Court has not yet assessed a fiscal measure on the basis of this provision. Useful guidance on the judgement of necessity and proportionality can, nevertheless, be obtained from the case law of the Court of Justice46 in the area of non-fiscal measures, although, as mentioned above levies and technical regulation to some extent may have different roles to play in environmental policy. 42 43 44 45 46 See e. g. Case 27/80 Fietje [1980] ECR 3839 and Case 94/82 Kikvorsch [1983] ECR 947. The same line of reasoning was followed by the Court in the Case 74/76, Ianelli & Volpi [1977] ECR 557, concerning the relation between Articles 30 and 92. Case 104/75, De Peijper [1976] ECR 613. Judgement of 20 September 1988, Case 302/86, Commission v Kingdom of Denmark, Free movement of goods - containers for beer and soft drinks, "Danish bottle case" [1988] ECR 4607. See also Article 3 of Commission Directive 70/50/CEE of 22 December 1969. In case 155/82 Commission v Belgium [1983] ECR 531, at p. 543, para. 12 etc. , and in case 62/90 Commission v Germany [1992] ECR 2575, at p. 2605, para. 11 etc. , the Court of Justice also applied the conditions for necessity and proportionality and found the national restrictions to the free movement of goods not justified on grounds of the protection of health and life of humans. 16 41. If Article 30 is applicable to the national measure, the protection of the environment is recognized as a so called "mandatory requirement" which may justify the measure47 even if it would hinder the free movement of goods. In accordance with case law, the following conditions shall be met in order for such a measure to be justified for the protection of the environment: - The measure must be non-discriminatory, i. e. applicable to domestic products and those of other Member States alike, - It should be shown to be necessary in order to meet the environmental objective, by, inter alia, scientific evidence48, - The burden which the measure imposes should be proportionate in relation to the objective of protecting the environment49, which implies that it should not create more trade obstacles than is necessary to fulfil the environmental objective and that no other measure is available which is less restrictive to trade. 42. The assessment of whether an environmental levy is necessary and proportionate to fulfil the objective of protecting the environment has to be made on a case-by-case basis. In practice the assessment will often depend on factors such as the level at which the levy is fixed, the environmental gain expected by the measure and the amount of the administrative and other relevant costs connected with the regulated activity. The assessment of the necessity and proportionality of the measure may also depend on factors such as culture and consumer behaviour. B. GUIDELINES ON COMMUNITY CONTROL MECHANISMS a. Notification requirements in the field of state aid 43. Member States have to inform the Commission, in sufficient time to enable it to submit comments, of any plans to grant or alter aid. However, notification is not required for aid coming under the de minimis rule50. The time required for the Commission to assess a case is Case Cassis de Dijon and Danish Bottle Case. 48 49 Case 304/84, Millier, [1986] ECR 1511 and Case 178/84, Commission v Germany, [1987] ECR 1227. Case 227/82, Van Bennekom, [1983] ECR 3883. See Commission notice on the de minimis rule for State aid, OJ no C 68 of 6. 3. 1996, p. 9. 17 normally two months. However, if the Commission considers that any such plan is not compatible with the common market, having regard to Article 92, it initiates the procedure provided for in Article 93 paragraph 2. This full investigation procedure provides the Member State in question as well as other Member States and all other interested parties the opportunity to submit their views on the planned aid. The Member State concerned cannot put its proposed measures into effect until this procedure has resulted in a final decision (Article 93 (3) EC Treaty). 44. The full investigation procedure empowers the Commission to take a final decision on the compatibility of the aid. In cases of negative decisions, partly negative decisions or conditional decisions, the Commission orders the Member State concerned to comply with the decision within a stated period of time51. 45. An aid scheme put into operation without respecting the notification requirements is illegal. The Commission may order the Member State to suspend the payment of the aid pending the outcome of the investigation. In cases of aid which has been put into effect prior to the Commission's decision and which the Commission declared incompatible, the final decision of the Commission usually orders the Member State concerned to recover the illegally granted aid, together with interest, from the beneficiaries. In the absence of compliance with the Commission decision, the Commission may refer the matter to the Court of Justice. The obligation for a Member State not to put its proposed measures into effect until a final Commission decision has direct effect, which means that a competitor to the firm benefitting from the aid could request a national court to take all appropriate measures in accordance with national law, including the suspension of further payments under the scheme, until the Commission has decided on the compatibility of the aid with the Treaty. Moreover, a national court might in its final judgement order the restitution of the aid which has been paid illegally52 or award damages53. 51 52 53 For a detailed description of the procedures see: Guide to Procedures in State Aid Cases, in Competition Law in the European Communities, Volume IIA - Rules applicable to State aid, Section B-I, Brussels-Luxembourg 1995. See Case C-39/94, Syndicat français de l'Express international (SFEI) and others v La Poste and others (not yet reported), paragraph 71. See e. g. joined Cases C-6/90 and C-9/90, Andrea Francovich et al. v. Italy, [1990] ECR 5357, paragraph 35. b. Notification requirements in the field of Directive 83/189/EEC and secondary Community environmental law 46. Directive 83/189/EEC54 lays down a procedure for the provision of information in the field of technical standards and regulations. It requires prior notification by Member States of any technical regulations, including those "which are linked to fiscal or financial measures affecting the consumption of products by encouraging compliance with such technical specifications or other requirements". The prior notification is to be sent to the Commission, and via the Commission to the other Member States which can emit comments or a detailed opinion. The normal standstill period of three months provided for by this Directive does not apply to technical regulations related to fiscal measures, and the comments or detailed opinions of the Commission or the Member States "may concern only the aspect which may hinder trade and not the fiscal or financial aspects of the measure"55. This notification requirement does not prejudge the outcome of the assessment under Article 30 or Article 95. 47. Concerning other secondary Community environmental law, the same prior notification procedure as for Directive 83/189/EEC is provided for by Article 16 of Directive 94/62/EC on packaging and packaging waste. This Article covers measures that Member States intend to adopt in order to implement Directive 94/62/EC and states that a Member State may indicate that the notification is equally valid for Directive 83/189/EEC, if the proposed measure is also a technical matter within the meaning of that Directive. This so called 'one- shop' system, enables Member States to send only one notification to the Commission, covering both Directives. 48. In case a measure which is notifiable under these Directives is not notified, the Commission may open an infringement procedure under Article 169 of the EC Treaty and issue a letter of formal notice to the Member State. In such a case, the Member State concerned is asked to eliminate the measure from its national legal order; if the Member State wants to apply such a measure, it has to send a new draft to the Commission and to adopt it after the notification procedure. 54 55 Council directive 83/189/EEC of 28 March 1983 laying down a procedure for the provision of information in the field of technical standards and regulations - OJ no L 109, 26. 04. 1983, amended by: Directive 88/182/EEC of 22 March 1988, OJ no L 81, 26. 03. 1988 and Directive 94/10/EC of 23 March 1994, OJ no L 100, 19. 04. 1994. Article 8. 1 of the Directive. 19 c. Notification of national measures transposing Community Directives 49. Every Directive contains a provision requiring Member States to communicate the measures they have enacted in order to transpose it. This also applies to levies or other economic instruments, when directives contain provisions referring to economic instruments, such as Article 15 of Directive 75/439/EEC on waste oil. In case a law transposing a Directive is not notified to the Commission, an infringement procedure will be opened in accordance with Article 169 of the EC Treaty d. Complaints and Commission's own initiative investigations 50. The Commission is frequently informed on aspects related to environmental levies through complaints from affected firms or from other Member States. In such cases, the Commission is obliged to investigate the matter as it has the institutional task to ensure a proper implementation of the Treaty and secondary legislation. It therefore has the right to take the initiative in investigating and requesting information from Member States on their use of environmental levies. IV. CONCLUSION 51. The use of environmental taxes and charges is rapidly increasing in the Member States, in line with the 5th Environmental Action Programme and its recent review. The Commission supports this evolution, as it opens up the scope for a more cost-effective environmental policy. However, it also entails some potential conflicts with other aspects of Community Policy, in particular related to the single market. This Communication aims to guide Member States in order to ensure that national initiatives on environmental levies and charges are compatible with the existing Community Framework. 52. This Communication is a first step by the Commission in the treatment of environmental taxes and charges. It shows that there is considerable scope for action by the Member States to implement such instruments, which have shown to be particularly attractive in improving the efficiency of environmental policy. However, the Communication also underlines the importance of the legal framework related to the functioning of the single market which has to be respected by Member States when introducing environmental taxes and charges. In this context, the Commission will reflect on whether, in future examinations of levies introduced for environmental reasons, further attention should be given to the analysis of Article 30. 20 53. With the increased practical experience from the use of environmental taxes and charges in Member States, Commission experience of assessing these instruments, based on this Communication will also increase. With this information the Commission' will examine the need for policy initiatives in order to ensure the achievement of essential Community objectives. 54. In order to assess the impact on the single market and on environmental policy, the Commission, plans to carry out an evaluation on economic and environmental implications of the use of these instruments, and policy conclusions that can be drawn from this. 21 APPENDIX Overview of environmentally-related taxes and charges in EU and EEA countries1 As of October 1996 Environmental Tax Measures Aus tria Bel gium Den mark Fin land France Ger many Greece Ice land Ire land Italy Liech ten stein Lu xem bourg NL Nor way Portu gal Spain Swe den U. K. Motor Fuels Leaded/Unleaded (Differential) Diesel (Quality differential) Carbon/Energy taxation Sulphur tax Other excise taxes (other than VAT Gasoline (quality differential) Other Energy Products Other excise taxes Carbon/Energy taxation Sulphur tax NOx charge Vehicle Related Taxation Sales/Excise/Regist. tax diff. (cars) Road/Registration tax diff. (cars) Agricultural inputs Fertilisers Pesticides • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • I • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • (^ f Overview of environmentally-related taxes and charges in EU and EEA countries (continued) As of October 1996 Environmental Tax Measures Aus tria Bel gium Den mark Fin land France Ger many Greece Ice land Ire land Italy Liech ten stein Lu xem bourg NL Nor way Portu gal Spain Swe den U. K. Other goods Batteries Plastic Carrier Bags Disposable containers Tires CFCs and/or halons Disposable razors Disposable cameras Lubricant Oil Charge Oil Pollution Charge Solvents Direct Tax Provisions Env. Investments/Accelerated depreciation Employer-paid commuting expenses part • • of taxable income Air transport Noise charges Other Charges • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • * • • • • • • • • • • • • • •. • • • t • r^ v^ Overview of environmentally-related taxes and charges in EU and EEA countries (continued) As of October 1996 Environmental Tax Measures Aus tria Bel gium Den mark Fin land France Ger many Greece Ice land Ire land Italy Liech ten stein Lu xem bourg NL Nor way Portu gal Spain Sweden U. K. Water Charges and Taxes Water charges Sewage charges Water effluent charges Tax on groundwater extraction Manure charges Waste Disposal and Mânagm. Charges Municipal waste charges Waste disposal charge Hazardous waste charge Land fill tax or charge • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • - • • • * • • • • • • •- • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Source: OECD (Implementation Strategies for Environmental Taxes) , 1996, updated 1) The objective of this table is to give an schematic overview of the use of environmental taxes and charges in different countries. The design, the structure, the rates etc. are different from country to country. O ISSN 0254-1475 COM(97) 9 final DOCUMENTS EN 09 14 10 Catalogue number : CB-CO-97-033-EN-C ISBN 92-78-15312-5 Office for Official Publications of the European Communities L-2985 Luxembourg


title: RÈGLEMENT (CE) N° 554/97 DE LA COMMISSION du 26 mars 1997 modifiant le correctif applicable à la restitution pour les céréales

eurovoc_concepts:
cereals
export
export refund
third country


title: Verordnung (EG) Nr. 574/97 der Kommission vom 26. März 1997 zur erneuten Zuteilung von Einfuhrrechten gemäß Verordnung (EG) Nr. 1382/96 zur Eröffnung und Verwaltung eines Einfuhrzollkontingents für zur Verarbeitung bestimmtes gefrorenes Rindfleisch

eurovoc_concepts:
beef
customs duties
food processing
frozen product
import
tariff quota

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title: 392 D 0595 : Beschikking van de Commissie van 21 december 1992 betreffende het meerjarig oriëntatieprogramma voor de vissersvloot van Denemarken voor de periode 1993-1996, overeenkomstig Verordening (EEG) nr. 4028/86 van de Raad (92/595/EEG)(PB nr. L 401 van 31.12.1992, blz. 45).,392 D 0595 : Commission Decision of 21 December 1992 on a multiannual guidance programme for the fishing fleet of Denmark for the period 1993 to 1996 pursuant to Council Regulation (EEC) No 4028/86 (92/595/EEC)(OJ No L 401, 31.12.1992, p. 45).,392 D 0595 : Decisione della Commissione del 21 dicembre 1992 relativa ad un programma d'orientamento pluriennale per la flotta peschereccia della Danimarca per il periodo 1993-1996 conformemente al regolamento (CEE) n. 4028/86 del Consiglio (92/595/CEE)(GU n. L 401 del 31.12.1992, pag. 45).,392 D 0595 : Decisión de la Comisión de 21 de diciembre de 1992 relativa a un programa de orientación plurianual de la flota pesquera de Dinamarca para el período de 1993 a 1996, de conformidad con el Reglamento (CEE) n̊ 4028/86 del Consejo (92/595/CEE)(DO n̊ L 401 de 31.12.1992, p. 45).,392 D 0595 : Decisão da Comissão de 21 de Dezembro de 1992 relativa a um programa de orientação plurianual da frota de pesca da Dinamarca, para o período 1993/1996, em conformidade com o disposto no Regulamento (CEE) n̊ 4028/86 do Conselho (92/595/CEE)(JO n̊ L 401 de 31.12.1992, p. 45).,392 D 0595 : Décision de la Commission du 21 décembre 1992 relative à un programme d'orientation pluriannuel de la flotte de pêche du Danemark pour la période 1993-1996 conformément au règlement (CEE) n̊ 4028/86 du Conseil (92/595/CEE)(JO n̊ L 401 du 31.12.1992, p. 45).,392 D 0595 : Entscheidung der Kommission vom 21. Dezember 1992 über das gemäß der Verordnung (EWG) Nr. 4028/86 des Rates von Dänemark für den Zeitraum 1993-1996 vorgelegte mehrjährige Ausrichtungsprogramm für die Fischereiflotte (92/595/EWG)(ABl. Nr. L 401 vom 31.12.1992, S. 45).,392 D 0595 : Kommissionens beslutning af 21. december 1992 om et flerårigt udviklingsprogram for Danmarks fiskerflåde (1993-1996) i medfør af Rådets forordning (EØF) nr. 4028/86 (92/595/EØF)(EFT nr. L 401 af 31.12.1992, s. 45).,392 D 0595 : Απόφαση της Επιτροπής της 21ης Δεκεμβρίου 1992 για πολυετές πρόγραμμα προσανατολισμού του αλιευτικού στόλου της Δανίας για την περίοδο 1993-1996 σύμφωνα με τον κανονισμό (ΕΟΚ) αριθ. 4028/86 του Συμβουλίου (92/595/ΕΟΚ)(ΕΕ αριθ. L 401 της 31.12.1992, σ. 45).

eurovoc_concepts:
Denmark
common fisheries policy
consolidation of EU law
fishing fleet


title: REGLAMENTO (CE) N° 569/97 DE LA COMISIÓN de 26 de marzo de 1997 por el que se fija la restitución a la producción para el azúcar blanco utilizado en la industria química

eurovoc_concepts:
chemical industry
production refund
white sugar


title: Regolamento (CE) n. 573/97 della Commissione del 26 marzo 1997 che modifica il regolamento (CE) n. 1382/96 recante apertura e modalità di gestione di un contingente tariffario di importazione per carni bovine congelate destinate alla trasformazione

eurovoc_concepts:
beef
food processing
frozen product
import
tariff quota


title: KOMMISSIONENS FÖRORDNING (EG) nr 565/97 av den 26 mars 1997 om fastställande av de högsta exportbidragen för olivolja för den nionde anbudsinfordran enligt den stående anbudsinfordran som utfärdas genom förordning (EG) nr 2081/96

eurovoc_concepts:
award of contract
export licence
export refund
olive oil


title: PERGUNTA ESCRITA n. 1165/97 do Deputado Richard HOWITT à Comissão. Utilização dos fundos do programa Leonardo para apoiar o pessoal dos serviços de combate a incêndios

eurovoc_concepts:
EU financing
EU programme
engineer
fire protection
public health
public safety
vocational training

formats: html print


title: SCHRIFTLICHE ANFRAGE Nr. 1152/97 von Florus WIJSENBEEK an die Kommission. Verwendung von Bleischrot und Tontauben auf Schießständen

eurovoc_concepts:
Netherlands
hunting
lead
soil pollution


title: INTERROGAZIONE SCRITTA n. 1159/97 dell'on. Richard HOWITT alla Commissione. Unità informativa mobile della Commissione europea

eurovoc_concepts:
EU publication
European Commission
European Parliament
Member of the European Parliament
access to EU information
dissemination of EU information
teaching


title: Gemensamma EES-Kommitténs beslut nr 16/97 av den 26 mars 1997 om ändring av bilaga II (Tekniska föreskrifter, standarder, provning och certifiering) till EES-avtalet

eurovoc_concepts:
European Economic Area
derogation from EU law
exchange of information
free movement of goods
marketing
technical specification
trade restriction


title: VERORDENING (EG) Nr. 563/97 VAN DE COMMISSIE van 26 maart 1997 tot vaststelling van forfaitaire invoerwaarden voor de bepaling van de invoerprijzen van bepaalde soorten groenten en fruit

eurovoc_concepts:
citrus fruit
fruit vegetable
import price
perennial vegetable


title: Verordening (EG) nr. 571/97 van de Commissie van 26 maart 1997 tot vaststelling van de uitvoeringsbepalingen, in de sector varkensvlees, van de regeling waarin is voorzien bij de Interim-overeenkomst betreffende handel en aanverwante zaken tussen de Europese Gemeenschap, de Europese Gemeenschap voor Kolen en Staal en de Europese Gemeenschap voor Atoomenergie, enerzijds, en de Republiek Slovenië, anderzijds

eurovoc_concepts:
Slovenia
import (EU)
import licence
pigmeat
tariff quota


title: REGLAMENTO (CE) N° 563/97 DE LA COMISIÓN de 26 de marzo de 1997 por el que se establecen valores globales de importación para la determinación del precio de entrada de determinadas frutas y hortalizas


title: QUESTION ECRITE no 1161/97 de Richard HOWITT à la Commission. Avenir de l'établissement New-Holland de Basildon, au Royaume-Uni

eurovoc_concepts:
United Kingdom
collective dismissal
motor vehicle industry
subsidiary
trade union
worker consultation
worker information
works council


title: Règlement (CE) nº 573/97 de la Commission du 26 mars 1997 modifiant le règlement (CE) nº 1382/96 portant ouverture et mode de gestion d'un contingent tarifaire d'importation pour la viande bovine congelée destinée à la transformation


title: REGLAMENTO (CE) N° 554/97 DE LA COMISIÓN de 26 de marzo de 1997 por el que se modifica el elemento corrector aplicable a la restitución para los cereales


title: ΚΑΝΟΝΙΣΜΟΣ (ΕΚ) αριθ. 569/97 ΤΗΣ ΕΠΙΤΡΟΠΗΣ της 26ης Μαρτίου 1997 που καθορίζει την επιστροφή στην παραγωγή για τη λευκή ζάχαρη που χρησιμοποιείται από τη χημική βιομηχανία


title: Odluka Zajedničkog odbora EGP-a br. 15/97 od 26. ožujka 1997. o izmjeni Priloga II. (Tehnički propisi, norme, ispitivanje i potvrđivanje) Sporazumu o EGP-u

eurovoc_concepts:
European Economic Area
chemical industry
chemical product
dangerous substance
directory
exchange of information
health risk

text: L_1997182HR. 01004701. xml 11/Sv. 031 HR Službeni list Europske unije 69 21997D0710(14) L 182/47 SLUŽBENI LIST EUROPSKE UNIJE 26. 03. 1997. ODLUKA ZAJEDNIČKOG ODBORA EGP-a br. 15/97 od 26. ožujka 1997. o izmjeni Priloga II. (Tehnički propisi, norme, ispitivanje i potvrđivanje) Sporazumu o EGP-u ZAJEDNIČKI ODBOR EGP-a, uzimajući u obzir Sporazum o Europskom gospodarskom prostoru, kako je prilagođen Protokolom o prilagodbi Sporazuma o Europskom gospodarskom prostoru, dalje u tekstu „Sporazum”, a posebno njegov članak 98. , budući da je Prilog II. Sporazumu izmijenjen Odlukom Zajedničkog odbora EGP-a br. 57/96 (1); budući da Uredbu Komisije (EZ) br. 142/97 od 27. siječnja 1997. o dostavi informacija o određenim postojećim tvarima u skladu s Uredbom Vijeća (EEZ) br. 793/93 (2) treba unijeti u Sporazum; budući da Uredbu Komisije (EZ) br. 143/97 od 27. siječnja 1997. o trećem popisu prioritetnih tvari u skladu s Uredbom Vijeća (EEZ) br. 793/93 (3) treba unijeti u Sporazum, ODLUČIO JE: Članak 1. 1. Iza točke 12. g (Odluka Komisije 94/643/EZ) u poglavlju XV. Priloga II. Sporazumu umeće se sljedeća točka: „12. h 397 R 0142: Uredba Komisije (EZ) br. 142/97 od 27. siječnja 1997. o dostavi informacija o određenim postojećim tvarima u skladu s Uredbom Vijeća (EEZ) br. 793/93 (SL L 25, 28. 1. 1997. , str. 11. ). ” 2. U točku 12. e (Uredba Vijeća (EEZ) br. 793/93) u poglavlju XV. Priloga II. Sporazumu dodaje se sljedeća alineja: „— 397 R 0143: Uredba Komisije (EZ) br. 143/97 od 27. siječnja 1997. (SL L 25, 28. 1. 1997. , str. 13). ” Članak 2. Tekstovi uredbi Komisije (EZ) br. 142/97 i (EZ) br. 143/97 na islandskom i norveškom jeziku, koji su priloženi odnosnim jezičnim inačicama ove Odluke, vjerodostojni su. Članak 3. Ova Odluka stupa na snagu 1. travnja 1997. , pod uvjetom da su sve obavijesti iz članka 103. stavka 1. Sporazuma podnesene Zajedničkom odboru EGP-a. Članak 4. Ova se Odluka objavljuje u odjeljku o EGP-u i Dodatku o EGP-u Službenom listu Europskih zajednica. Sastavljeno u Bruxellesu 26. ožujka 1997. Za Zajednički odbor EGP-a Predsjednik C. DAY (1)  Još nije objavljeno u Službenom listu. (2)  SL L 25, 28. 1. 1997. , str. 11. (3)  SL L 25, 28. 1. 1997. , str. 13


title: PERGUNTA ESCRITA n. 1162/97 do Deputado Richard HOWITT à Comissão. Diligências de "Age Concern" (Essex)

eurovoc_concepts:
EU financing
United Kingdom
disease of the nervous system
elderly person
facilities for the disabled
non-governmental organisation
retired person
telematics


title: Decyzja Wspólnego Komitetu EOG nr 16/97 z dnia 26 marca 1997 r. zmieniająca załącznik II (Przepisy techniczne, normy, badania i certyfikacja) do Porozumienia EOG

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text: 11/t. 2 PL Dziennik Urzędowy Unii Europejskiej 259 21997D0710(15) 10. 7. 1997 DZIENNIK URZĘDOWY WSPÓLNOT EUROPEJSKICH L 182/49 DECYZJA WSPÓLNEGO KOMITETU EOG NR 16/97 z dnia 26 marca 1997 r. zmieniająca zalącznik II (Przepisy techniczne, normy, badania i certyfikacja) do Porozumienia EOG WSPÓLNY KOMITET EOG, uwzględniając Porozumienie o Europejskim Obszarze Gospodarczym, dostosowane Protokolem dostoso- wującym Porozumienie o Europejskim Obszarze Gospodarczym, zwane dalej Porozumieniem, w szczegól- ności jego art. 98, a także mając na uwadze, co następuje: zalącznik II do Porozumienia zmieniono decyzją Wspólnego Komitetu EOG nr 4/97 (1), decyzja nr 3052/95/WE Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady z dnia 13 grudnia 1995 r. ustanawiająca proce- durę wymiany informacji w sprawie krajowych środków wprowadzających odstępstwo od zasady swobod- nego przeplywu towarów we Wspólnocie (2) zostanie wlączona do Porozumienia, STANOWI, CO NASTĘPUJE: Artykul 1 Po pkt 3e (dyrektywa 94/11/EWG Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady) w rozdziale XIX zalącznika II do Porozumienia dodaje się następujący punkt: „3f. 395 D 3052: decyzja nr 3052/95/WE Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady z dnia 13 grudnia 1995 r. ustanawiająca procedurę wymiany informacji w sprawie krajowych środków wprowadzających odstępstwo od zasady swobodnego przeplywu towarów we Wspólnocie (Dz. U. L 321 z 30. 12. 1995, str. 1). ” Teksty decyzji nr 3052/95/WE Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady w językach islandzkim i norweskim, które są zalączone do odpowiednich wersji językowych niniejszej decyzji, są autentyczne. Artykul 2 Artykul 3 Niniejsza decyzja wchodzi w życie dnia 1 kwietnia 1997 r. , pod warunkiem że wszystkie notyfikacje na mocy art. 103 ust. 1 Porozumienia zostaly dokonane wobec Wspólnego Komitetu EOG. Niniejsza decyzja zostaje opublikowana w Sekcji EOG i Dodatku EOG do Dziennika Urzędowego Wspólnot Europejskich. Artykul 4 Sporządzono w Brukseli, dnia 26 marca 1997 r. W imieniu Wspólnego Komitetu EOG C. DAY Przewodniczący (1) Dz. U. L 182 z 10. 7. 1997, str. 32. (2) Dz. U. L 321 z 30. 12. 1995, str. 1


title: INTERROGAZIONE SCRITTA n. 1146/97 dell'on. Andrea MANZELLA alla Commissione. Obbligatorietà del diritto comunitario della concorrenza

eurovoc_concepts:
EU law - national law
application of EU law
competition
enforcement of ruling
primacy of EU law
public order


title: 392 D 0595 : Beschikking van de Commissie van 21 december 1992 betreffende het meerjarig oriëntatieprogramma voor de vissersvloot van Denemarken voor de periode 1993-1996, overeenkomstig Verordening (EEG) nr. 4028/86 van de Raad (92/595/EEG)(PB nr. L 401 van 31.12.1992, blz. 45).,392 D 0595 : Commission Decision of 21 December 1992 on a multiannual guidance programme for the fishing fleet of Denmark for the period 1993 to 1996 pursuant to Council Regulation (EEC) No 4028/86 (92/595/EEC)(OJ No L 401, 31.12.1992, p. 45).,392 D 0595 : Decisione della Commissione del 21 dicembre 1992 relativa ad un programma d'orientamento pluriennale per la flotta peschereccia della Danimarca per il periodo 1993-1996 conformemente al regolamento (CEE) n. 4028/86 del Consiglio (92/595/CEE)(GU n. L 401 del 31.12.1992, pag. 45).,392 D 0595 : Decisión de la Comisión de 21 de diciembre de 1992 relativa a un programa de orientación plurianual de la flota pesquera de Dinamarca para el período de 1993 a 1996, de conformidad con el Reglamento (CEE) n̊ 4028/86 del Consejo (92/595/CEE)(DO n̊ L 401 de 31.12.1992, p. 45).,392 D 0595 : Decisão da Comissão de 21 de Dezembro de 1992 relativa a um programa de orientação plurianual da frota de pesca da Dinamarca, para o período 1993/1996, em conformidade com o disposto no Regulamento (CEE) n̊ 4028/86 do Conselho (92/595/CEE)(JO n̊ L 401 de 31.12.1992, p. 45).,392 D 0595 : Décision de la Commission du 21 décembre 1992 relative à un programme d'orientation pluriannuel de la flotte de pêche du Danemark pour la période 1993-1996 conformément au règlement (CEE) n̊ 4028/86 du Conseil (92/595/CEE)(JO n̊ L 401 du 31.12.1992, p. 45).,392 D 0595 : Entscheidung der Kommission vom 21. Dezember 1992 über das gemäß der Verordnung (EWG) Nr. 4028/86 des Rates von Dänemark für den Zeitraum 1993-1996 vorgelegte mehrjährige Ausrichtungsprogramm für die Fischereiflotte (92/595/EWG)(ABl. Nr. L 401 vom 31.12.1992, S. 45).,392 D 0595 : Kommissionens beslutning af 21. december 1992 om et flerårigt udviklingsprogram for Danmarks fiskerflåde (1993-1996) i medfør af Rådets forordning (EØF) nr. 4028/86 (92/595/EØF)(EFT nr. L 401 af 31.12.1992, s. 45).,392 D 0595 : Απόφαση της Επιτροπής της 21ης Δεκεμβρίου 1992 για πολυετές πρόγραμμα προσανατολισμού του αλιευτικού στόλου της Δανίας για την περίοδο 1993-1996 σύμφωνα με τον κανονισμό (ΕΟΚ) αριθ. 4028/86 του Συμβουλίου (92/595/ΕΟΚ)(ΕΕ αριθ. L 401 της 31.12.1992, σ. 45).


title: Afgørelse truffet af Det Blandede EØS-Udvalg nr. 16/97 af 26. marts 1997 om ændring af bilag II (Tekniske forskrifter, standarder, prøvning og certificering) til EØS-aftalen


title: Décision du Comité mixte de l'EEE nº 15/97 du 26 mars 1997 modifiant l'annexe II (réglementations techniques, normes, essais et certification) de l'accord EEE

text: L_1997182FR. 01004701. xml 10. 7. 1997    FR Journal officiel de l'Union européenne L 182/47 DÉCISION DU COMITÉ MIXTE DE L'EEE NO 15/97 du 26 mars 1997 modifiant l'annexe II (réglementations techniques, normes, essais et certification) de l'accord EEE LE COMITÉ MIXTE DE L'EEE, vu l'accord sur l'Espace économique européen, modifié par le protocole portant adaptation de cet accord, ci-après dénommé «l'accord», et notamment son article 98, considérant que l'annexe II de l'accord a été modifiée par la décision du Comité mixte de l'EEE no 57/96 (1); considérant que le règlement (CE) no 142/97 de la Commission, du 27 janvier 1997, concernant la communication d'informations sur certaines substances existantes, conformément au règlement (CEE) no 793/93 du Conseil (2), doit être intégré à l'accord; considérant que le règlement (CE) no 143/97 de la Commission, du 27 janvier 1997, concernant la troisième liste de substances prioritaires, conformément au règlement (CEE) no 793/93 du Conseil (3), doit être intégré à l'accord, DÉCIDE: Article premier 1. Le point suivant est inséré au chapitre XV de l'annexe II après le point 12. G (décision 94/643/CE de la Commission): «12. H 397 R 0142: règlement (CE) no 142/97 de la Commission, du 27 janvier 1997, concernant la communication d'informations sur certaines substances existantes, conformément au règlement (CEE) no 793/93 du Conseil (JO no L 25 du 28. 1. 1997, p. 11). » 2. Le tiret suivant est ajouté au point 12. E [règlement (CEE) no 793/93 du Conseil] du chapitre XV de l'annexe II: «— 397 R 0143: règlement (CE) no 143/97 de la Commission, du 27 janvier 1997 (JO no L 25 du 28. 1. 1997, p. 13). » Article 2 Les textes des règlements (CE) no 142/97 et (CE) no 143/97 en langues islandaise et norvégienne, annexés aux versions linguistiques respectives de la présente décision, font foi. Article 3 La présente décision entre en vigueur le 1er avril 1997, pour autant que toutes les notifications prévues à l'article 103 paragraphe 1 de l'accord aient été faites au Comité mixte de l'EEE. Article 4 La présente décision est publiée dans la section EEE et au supplément EEE du Journal officiel des Communautés européennes. Fait à Bruxelles, le 26 mars 1997. Par le Comité mixte de l'EEE Le président C. DAY (1)  Non encore publié au Journal officiel. (2)  JO no L 25 du 28. 1. 1997, p. 11. (3)  JO no L 25 du 28. 1. 1997, p. 13


title: EMP Ühiskomitee otsus nr 16/97, 26. märts 1997, millega muudetakse EMP lepingu II lisa (tehnilised normid, standardid, katsetamine ja sertifitseerimine)

text: 11/2. kd ET Euroopa Liidu Teataja 259 21997D0710(15) 10. 7. 1997 EUROOPA ÜHENDUSTE TEATAJA L 182/49 EMP ÜHISKOMITEE OTSUS nr 16/97, 26. märts 1997, millega muudetakse EMP lepingu II lisa (tehnilised normid, standardid, katsetamine ja sertifitseerimine) EMP ÜHISKOMITEE, võttes arvesse Euroopa Majanduspiirkonna lepingut, mida on kohandatud Euroopa Majanduspiirkonna lepingut kohandava protokolliga, edaspidi “leping”, eelkõige selle artiklit 98, ning arvestades, et: lepingu II lisa muudeti EMP Ühiskomitee 4. märtsi 1997. aasta otsusega nr 4/97; (1) lepingusse tuleb lisada Euroopa Parlamendi ja nõukogu 13. detsembri 1995. aasta otsus nr 3052/95/EÜ, millega kehtestatakse informatsiooni vahetamise kord selliste siseriiklike meetmete kohta, millega kaldu- takse kõrvale ühenduse territooriumil kaupade vaba liikumise põhimõttest, (2) ON VASTU VÕTNUD JÄRGMISE OTSUSE: Artikkel 1 Lepingu II lisa XIX peatüki punkti 3e (Euroopa Parlamendi ja nõukogu direktiiv 94/11/EMÜ) järele lisatakse järgmine punkt: “3f. 395 D 3052: Euroopa Parlamendi ja nõukogu otsus nr 3052/95/EÜ, 13. detsember 1995, millega kehtestatakse informatsiooni vahetamise kord selliste siseriiklike meetmete kohta, millega kaldu- takse kõrvale ühenduse territooriumil kaupade vaba liikumise põhimõttest (EÜT L 321, 30. 12. 1995, lk 1). ” Euroopa Parlamendi ja nõukogu otsuse nr 3052/95/EÜ islandi- ja norrakeelne tekst, mis on lisatud käes- oleva otsuse vastavates keeltes versioonidele, on autentne. Artikkel 2 Käesolev otsus jõustub 1. aprillil 1997 tingimusel, et kõik lepingu artikli 103 lõikes 1 ettenähtud teated on EMP Ühiskomiteele esitatud. Artikkel 3 Käesolev otsus avaldatakse Euroopa Ühenduste Teataja EMP osas ja EMP kaasandes. Artikkel 4 Brüssel, 26. märts 1997 (1) EÜT L 182, 10. 7. 1997, lk 32. (2) EÜT L 321, 30. 12. 1995, lk 1. EMP Ühiskomitee nimel eesistuja C. DAY


title: SKRIFTLIG FORESPØRGSEL nr. 1164/97 af Richard HOWITT til Kommissionen. Mulig forskelsbehandling i skattespørgsmål i henhold til EU-retten

eurovoc_concepts:
United Kingdom
competence of the Member States
low rent
social security
social-security benefit
subsidised housing
tax system


title: Rozhodnutie Komisie z 26. marca 1997 zriaďujúce predbežné zoznamy prevádzkární tretej krajiny, z ktorých členské štáty povolia dovozy výrobkov pripravených z mäsa hovädzieho dobytka, ošípaných, zvierat koňovitých, oviec a kôzText s významom pre EHP

eurovoc_concepts:
import (EU)
import licence
meat product
originating product
third country

text: 124 SK Úradný vestník Európskej únie 03/zv. 21 31997D0365 12. 6. 1997 ÚRADNÝ VESTNÍK EURÓPSKYCH SPOLOČENSTIEV L 154/41 ROZHODNUTIE KOMISIE z 26. marca 1997 zriaďujúce predbežné zoznamy prevádzkární tretej krajiny, z ktorých členské štáty povolia dovozy výrobkov pripravených z mäsa hovädzieho dobytka, ošípaných, zvierat koňovitých, oviec a kôz (Text s významom pre EHP) (97/365/ES) KOMISIA EURÓPSKYCH SPOLOČENSTIEV, so zreteľom na Zmluvu o založení Európskeho spoločenstva, so zreteľom na rozhodnutie Rady 95/408/ES z 22. júna 1995 o podmienkach vypracovania, na prechodné obdobie, dočas- ných zoznamov prevádzkární tretej krajiny z ktorých členské štáty sú oprávnené dovážať určité produkty živočíšneho pôvodu, produkty rybolovu alebo živé lastúrniky (1), zmenené a doplnené rozhodnutím Rady 2001/34/ES (2), a najmä jeho článok 2 ods. 1, keďže rozhodnutím Rady 79/542/EHS (3), naposledy zmeneným a doplneným rozhodnutím Komisie 97/160/ES (4), bol vytvo- rený zoznam tretích krajín z ktorých členské štáty povolia dovozy mäsových výrobkov; keďže pre mnohé z krajín na uvedenom zozname boli požia- davky kladené na zdravotnú a veterinárnu certifikáciu pre dovoz mäsových výrobkov uvedené v rozhodnutí Komisie 91/449/EHS (5), naposledy zmenenom a doplnenom rozhod- nutím 96/62/ES (6); keďže Komisia obdržala od určitých tretích krajín zoznamy prevádzkární spolu so zárukami, že tieto v plnej miere vyho- vujú príslušným zdravotným požiadavkám spoločenstva, a v prípade, že niektorá prevádzkáreň ich nebude spĺňať, tak jej vývozná činnosť do Európskeho spoločenstva bude pozasta- vená; keďže Komisia nebola schopná uistiť sa vo všetkých dotknutých tretích krajinách o súlade ich prevádzkární s požiadavkami spoločenstva záruk poskytnutých príslušnými orgánmi; a platnosti keďže, s cieľom zamedziť prerušeniu obchodovania s mäso- vými výrobkami z týchto krajín, je nevyhnutné poskytnúť týmto krajinám čas, počas ktorého členské štáty budú môcť naďalej dovážať mäsové výrobky z prevádzkární, ktoré uznali; keďže počas nasledovného obdobia Komisia bude požadovať od (1) Ú. v. ES L 243, 11. 10. 1995, s. 17. (2) Ú. v. ES L 13, 16. 1. 1997, s. 33. (3) Ú. v. ES L 146, 14. 6. 1979, s. 15. (4) Ú. v. ES L 62, 4. 3. 1997, s. 39. (5) Ú. v. ES L 240, 29. 8. 1991, s. 28. (6) Ú. v. ES L 21, 27. 1. 1996, s. 71. týchto krajín záruky potrebné nato, aby ich mohla zaradiť na zoznam v súlade s postupom uvedeným v rozhodnutí 95/408/ES; keďže po uplynutí tohto obdobia, tretie krajiny ktoré neposlali svoje zoznamy prevádzkární v súlade s pravidlami spoločen- stva už nebudú môcť vyvážať ďalej mäsové výrobky do spolo- čenstva; keďže členské štáty budú z tohto dôvodu zodpovedné zato, aby sa presvedčili, že prevádzkárne z ktorých dovážajú mäsové výrobky spĺňajú požiadavky kladené na výrobu a uvádzanie na trh, ktoré nie sú menej prísne ako požiadavky spoločenstva; keďže predbežné zoznamy prevádzkární vyrábajúcich mäsové výrobky sa môžu z tohto dôvodu vypracovať vzhľadom na určité krajiny; keďže opatrenia uvedené v tomto rozhodnutí sú v súlade so stanoviskom Stáleho veterinárneho výboru, PRIJALA TOTO ROZHODNUTIE: Článok 1 1. Členské štáty povolia dovozy výrobkov pripravených z mäsa hovädzieho dobytka, ošípaných, zvierat koňovitých, oviec a kôz z prevádzkární uvedených v prílohe k tomuto rozhodnutiu. pripravených Až do 31. júla 1997 členské štáty môžu povoliť dovozy 2. výrobkov dobytka, ošípaných, zvierat koňovitých, oviec a kôz z prevádzkární v tretích krajinách okrem prevádzkární uvedených v prílohe k tomuto rozhodnutiu. hovädzieho z mäsa Dovozy mäsových výrobkov naďalej podliehajú veteri- 3. nárnym ustanoveniam spoločenstva prijatým na inom mieste. 03/zv. 21 SK Úradný vestník Európskej únie 125 Toto rozhodnutie sa bude uplatňovať od 1. apríla 1997. Článok 2 Toto rozhodnutie je adresované členským štátom. Článok 3 V Bruseli 26. marca 1997 Za Komisiu Franz FISCHLER člen Komisie 126 SK Úradný vestník Európskej únie 03/zv. 21 ANEXO — BILAG — ANHANG — ΠΑΡΑΡΤΗΜΑ — ANNEX — ANNEXE — ALLEGATO — BIJLAGE — ANEXO — LIITE — BILAGA LISTA DE LOS ESTABLECIMIENTOS — LISTE OVER VIRKSOMHEDER — VERZEICHNIS DER BETRIEBE — ΠΙΝΑΚΑΣ ΤΩΝ ΕΓΚΑΤΑΣΤΑΣΕΩΝ — LIST OF ESTABLISHMENTS — LISTE DES ÉTABLISSEMENTS — ELENCO DEGLI STABILIMENTI — LIJST VAN BEDRIJVEN — LISTA DOS ESTABELECIMENTOS — LUETTELO LAITOKSISTA — FÖRTECKNING ÖVER ANLÄGGNINGAR Producto: productos cárnicos — Produkt: křdprodukter — Erzeugnis: Fleischerzeugnisse — Προϊόν: νωπό κρέας πουλερικών — Product: meat products — Produit: Produits ŕ base de viandes — Prodotto: prodotti a base di carne — Product: vleesproducten — Produto: produtos ŕ base de carne — Tuote: lihatuotteet — Varuslag: kött- varor 1 = Referencia nacional — National reference — Nationaler Code — Εθνικός αριθµός έγκρισης — National reference — Référence nationale — Riferimento nazionale — Nationale code — Referęncia nacional — Kansallinen referenssi — Nationell referens 2 = Nombre — Navn — Name — Τίτλος εγκατάστασης — Name — Nom — Nome — Naam — Nome — Nimi — Namn 3 = Ciudad — By — Stadt — Πόλη — Town — Ville — Cittŕ — Stad — Cidade — Kaupunki — Stad 4 = Región — Region — Region — Περιοχή — Region — Région — Regione — Regio — Regiăo — Alue — Region 5 = Menciones especiales — Sćrlige bemćrkninger — Besondere Bemerkungen — Ειδικές παρατηρήσεις — Special remarks — Mentions spéciales — Note particolari — Bijzondere opmerkingen — Mençőes especiais — Erikoismai- nintoja — Anmärkningar 6 = * Países y establecimientos que cumplen todos los requisitos del apartado 1 der artículo 2 de la Decisión 95/408/CE del Consejo. * Lande og virksomheder, der opfylder alle betingelserne i artikel 2, stk. 1, i Rĺdets beslutning 95/408/EF. * Länder und Betriebe, die alle Anforderungen des Artikels 2 Absatz 1 der Entscheidung 95/408/EG des Rates erfüllen. * Χώρες και εγκαταστάσεις που πληρούν τις προϋποθέσεις του άρθρου 2 παράγραφος 1 της απόφασης 95/408/ΕΚ του Συµβουλίου. * Countries and establishments complying with all requirements of Article 2 (1) of Council Decision 95/408/EC. * Pays et établissements remplissant lensemble des dispositions de larticle 2 paragraphe 1 de la décision 95/408/CE du Conseil. * Paese e stabilimenti che ottemperano a tutte le disposizioni dellarticolo 2 paragrafo 1 della decisione 95/408/CE del Consiglio. * Landen en inrichtingen die voldoen aan al de voorwaarden van artikel 2, lid 1, van Beschikking 95/408/EG van de Raad. * Países e estabelecimentos que respeitam todas as exingęncias do no 1 do artigo 2o da Decisăo 95/408/CE do Conselho. * Neuvoston päätöksen 95/408/EY 2 artiklan 1 kohdan kaikki vaatimukset täyttävät maat ja laitokset. * Länder och angläggningar som uppfyller alla krav i artikel 2. 1 i rĺdets beslut 95/408/EG. País: AUSTRALIA — Land: AUSTRALIEN — Land: AUSTRALIEN — Xώρα: ΑΥΣΤΡΑΛΙΑ — Country: AUSTRALIA — Pays: AUSTRALIE — Paese: AUSTRALIA — Land: AUSTRALIË — País: AUSTRÁLIA — Maa: AUSTRALIA — Land: AUSTRALIEN 1 39 85 2 3 4 Southern Country Foods Pty Ltd Nestlé Australia Ltd WAGGA WAGGA PAKENHAM 5 6 6 03/zv. 21 SK Úradný vestník Európskej únie 127 País: CANADÁ — Land: CANADA — Land: KANADA — Xώρα: ΚΑΝΑ∆ΑΣ — Country: CANADA — Pays: CANADA — Paese: CANADA — Land: CANADA — País: CANADÁ — Maa: KANADA — Land: Canada 1 1 32 35 55 63 2 3 4 Maple Leaf Meats Inc. /Les viandes Maple Leaf Inc. Lest Foods Canada (1991) Inc. Bovril Canada Inc. J. M. Schneider Inc. WINNIPEG MONTRÉAL KITCHENER Campbell Soup Company Ltd/Les Soupes Campbell Ltée TORONTO MANITOBA QUÉBEC ONTARIO ONTARIO Northern Goose Processors Ltd TEULON MANITOBA 170 Wing Wing Company Limited VANCOUVER BRITISH COLUMBIA 233 Starmax Foods Inc. /Aliments Starmax Inc. 246 Salaison G. Lauzon Inc. 265 J. R. Ouimet Inc. MONTRÉAL MONTRÉAL VILLE DANJOU Les produits dalimentation Bologna Ltée/Bologna Food Products Co. Ltd MONTRÉAL QUÉBEC QUÉBEC QUÉBEC QUÉBEC Les produits de Viande Kasher Glatt Ltée/Glatts Kosher Meat Products Limited MONTRÉAL QUÉBEC 268 298 334 Continental Casing (1976) Inc. SAINTE-MADELEINE QUÉBEC 375 171047 Canada Inc. SAINT-LEONARD QUÉBEC 449 Le Naturel Foods Skoulakis Inc. /Aliments Le Naturel Skoulakis Inc. SAINT-EUSTACHE QUÉBEC 457 Salaison Levesque Inc. MONTRÉAL QUÉBEC 459 Maple Leaf Foods Inc. /Les Aliments Maple Leaf Inc. 495 Olymel Société en commandite GRANBY 501 155635 Canada Ltée SAINT-LOUIS-DE- TERRE- BONNE QUÉBEC QUÉBEC 508 Viandes Seflico Inc. VILLE DE RECANCOURT QUÉBEC 55B Campbell Soup Company Ltd/Les Soupes Campbell Ltée LISTOWEL ONTARIO País: SUIZA — Land: SCHWEIZ — Land: SCHWEIZ — Xώρα: ΕΛΒΕΤΙΑ — Country: SWITZERLAND — Pays: SUISSE — Paese: SVIZZERA — Land: ZWITSERLAND — País: SUÍÇA — Maa: SVEITSI — Land: SCHWEIZ 1 25 38 49 61 Hero Konserven Frisco-Findus AG Dyna SA Knorr AG 201 Gurtner AG 202 Bündner Fleisch Mani AG 205 Albert Spiess AG 2 3 4 LENZBURG RORSCHACH FRIBOURG THAYNGEN TRIN CHURWALDEN FRAUENKIRCH 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 128 SK Úradný vestník Európskej únie 03/zv. 21 1 2 3 4 213 Lucul SA 214 Maggi AG 215 Fleischtrocknerei Churwalden AG 216 Hugli SA 224 Hilcona AG 225 Haco AG 227 Gustav Spiess AG 228 E. Sutter AG PAYERNE KEMPTTHAL CHURWALDEN STEINACH SCHAAN GUMLIGEN BERNECK GOSSAU 229 Kocherhans & Schar AG CHURWALDEN 239 Gehrig AG 242 Sirpig SA 254 Herbert Ospelt Anstalt 275 Albert Spiess AG 288 Frigemo Produktion Chur, J. Caprez-Danuser AG 293 Salumi San Pietro SA 294 Natura Fleischtrocknerei 299 F. + B. Meinen 301 Pizoler AG 302 Gautschi AG 303 Oswald AG 304 Cambio Fleischwaren AG 305 Morgia AG 306 Fleischtrocknerei Churwalden AG 309 Gemperli AG 311 Fredag AG 312 Konservenfabrik Bischofszell AG KLUS BRUSIO BENDERN SCHIERS CHUR STABIO TINIZONG BERN SARGANS UTZENSTORF STEINHAUSEN ST. GALLEN LYSS CHUR ST. GALLEN ROOT BISCHOFSZELL País: HUNGRÍA — Land: UNGARN — Land: UNGARN — Xώρα: ΟΥΓΓΑΡΙΑ — Country: HUNGARY — Pays: HONGRIE — Paese: UNGHERIA — Land: HONGARIJE — País: HUNGRIA — Maa: UNKARI — Land: UNGERN 1 2 5 6 7 2 3 4 Herz Szalamigyar Gyulai Huscombinat Rt Papai Hus Rt Pick Szeged Rt Szalamigyar és Husuzem BUDAPEST FOVAROS GYULA PAPA SZEGED CSONGRAD MEGYE VESZPRÉM MEGYE CSONGRAD MEGYE 10 Ringa Husipari RT Kapuvari Gyara KAPUVAR GYOR SOPRON MEGYE 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 6 6 6 6 6 03/zv. 21 SK Úradný vestník Európskej únie 129 1 56 61 62 64 67 86 88 2 3 4 Landhof-Budapest Hus Kfft BUDAPEST FOVAROS Delhus Rt Bajai Gyara Pini Hungary Szekzardi Husipari Rt BAJA BACS-KISKUN MEGYE KAPOSVAR SOMOGY MEGYE SZEKSZARD TOLNA MEGYE Andreoli Kft Gastrofol Uzeme MISKOLC BORSOD MEGYE Delhus Rt Alsomocsoladi Gyaregysege Husuzem ALSOMOCSOLAD BARANYA MEGYE Solami Husipari Rt Husfeldolgozo Uzem SZOLNOK SZOLNOK MEGYE 135 D-Back Kft NAGYATAD SOMOGY MEGYE 137 Korcsork Bt. Husdarabolo Uzeme 147 2 B. Kereskedelmi és Szolgaltato Kft Ceglédhus UJKIGYOS CEGLED BEKES MEGYE PEST MEGYE 159 Gool-Roll Puskas Kft SZENTENDRE PEST MEGYE 169 Mirelite Budapest Hustoipari Rt. Pizza gyara BUDAPEST FOVAROS 171 C. P. C Hungary Magyarorszoag Kft Huusgranulalo Uzeme ROSZKE CSONGRAD MEGYE País: NUEVA ZELANDA — Land: NEW ZEALAND — Land: NEUSEELAND — Xώρα: NEA ZΗΛΑΝ∆ΙΑ — Country: NEW ZEALAND — Pays: NOUVELLE-ZÉLANDE — Paese: NUOVA ZELANDA — Land: NIEUW- ZEELAND — País: NOVA ZELÂNDIA — Maa: UUSI-SEELANTI — Land: NYA ZEELAND 1 2 3 4 PH 3 Waitaki Biosciences International Ltd CHRISTCHURCH PH 5 Healtheries of New Zealand Ltd PH 14 Richmond Limited AUCKLAND HASTINGS PH 16 Prepared Foods Processing Ltd PALMERSTON NORTH PH 23 Mair Venison – Rotorua PH 26 McFarlane Laboratories, New Zealand Limited PH 31 Advanced Foods of New Zealand Ltd PH 58 PPCS Mossburn PH 68 Primex Meats (NZ) Ltd PH 88 Auckland Casing Co ROTORUA AUCKLAND WAIPUKURAU MOSSBURN TAWA TE PAPAPA AUCKLAND PH 108 Fendalton Fish Supply CHRISTCHURCH PH 109 Independent Casing Company Limited STOKE NELSON PH 114 Southland Casing Company Limited INVERCARGILL PH 134 McCallum Industries Limited PH 149 Waikiwi Casing Company Limited PH 170 AFFCO Shortland Cannery Ltd PH 173 Asian New Zealand Meat Co Ltd AUCKLAND WAIKIWI AUCKLAND DUNEDIN INVERCARGILL 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 130 SK Úradný vestník Európskej únie 03/zv. 21 1 2 3 4 PH 213 Rapa Casings Ltd PH 214 Garret International Meats Ltd PH 261 Levin Casing Co Ltd PH 416 Bakels Edible Oils (NZ) Ltd ME 50 Alliance Group Ltd Lorneville AUCKLAND AUCKLAND LEVIN MT MAUNGANUI SOUTHLAND País: POLONIA — Land: POLEN — Land: POLEN — Xώρα: ΠΟΛΩΝΙΑ — Country: POLAND — Pays: POLOGNE — Paese: POLONIA — Land: POLEN — País: POLÓNIA — Maa: PUOLA — Land: POLEN 2 3 4 1 3 7 8 26 30 33 45 46 58 65 67 73 86 Zaklady Miesne Pamso Zaklady Miesne Zaklady Miesne Zaklady Miesne KRP Igloopol Constar Spolka Akcyjna Zaklady Miesne Farm Food Zaklady Miesne Polish Farm Meat Zaklady Miesne Zaklady Miesne Zaklady Miesne w KOLE S. A Zaklady Miesne Alima-Gerber 101 Przedsiebiorstwo Przemyslu Miesnego 104 Zaklady Miesne 106 Zaklady Miesne 131 Zaklady Miesne 139 Zaklady Miesne ELK S. A 140 Zaklady Miesne 145 Zaklady Miesne 161 Zaklady Miesne 201 Przedsiebiorstwo Przemyslu Miesnego 258 Zaklad Przetworstwa Miesnego Lange 267 Zaklady Miesne 268 Sokolowskie Zaklady Miesne S. A PABIANICE GRUDZIADZ POZNAN SOPOT DEBICA STARACHOWICE CZYZEW MALSZEWICZE SZCZECIN NISKO KOLO DEBICA RZESZOW JAROSLAW RZESZOW TARNOWSKIE GORY OSTRODA ELK BIALYSTOK PIN ZAMOSC KALISZ TARNOW KOSZALIN RAWA MAZOWIECKA SOKOLOW PODLASKI 5 6 6 6 6 6 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 03/zv. 21 SK Úradný vestník Európskej únie 131 País: RUMANIA — Land: RUMĆNIEN — Land: RUMÄNIEN — Xώρα: POYMANIA — Country: ROMANIA — Pays: ROUMANIE — Paese: ROMANIA — Land: ROEMENIË — País: ROMÉNIA — Maa: ROMANIA — Land: RUMÄNIEN 1 A1 A2 A8 S. C Carne SA SC Agricola International S. A S. C Comtom S. A A12 SC Salcrud SA A13 SC Facos SA A32 SC Scandia SA A33 S. C Carial S. A A37 S. C Galco S. A A60 S. C Cicalex SA A68 S. C Comtim Carnex S. A 2 3 4 ARAD BACAU IASI SALONTA SUCEAVA SIBIU SLOBOZIA GALATI ALEXANDRIA TIMISOARA País: SINGAPUR — Land: SINGAPORE — Land: SINGAPUR — Xώρα: ΣΙΓΚΑΠΟΥΡΗ — Country: SINGAPORE — Pays: SINGAPOUR — Paese: SINGAPORE — Land: SINGAPORE — País: SINGAPURA — Maa: SINGAPORE — Land: SINGAPORE 1 2 3 4 VPH-ME-001 Effort Holdings Pte Ltd VPH-ME-002 Yeo Hiap Seng Ltd VPH-ME-003 Amoy Canning Corporation (Singapore) Ltd SINGAPORE SINGAPORE SINGAPORE País: ESLOVENIA — Land: SLOVENIEN — Land: SLOWENIEN — Xώρα: ΣΛΟΒEΝΙΑ — Country: SLOVENIA — Pays: SLOVÉNIE — Paese: SLOVENIA — Land: SLOVENIË — País: ESLOVÉNIA — Maa: SLOVENIA — Land: SLOVENIEN 2 3 4 Pomurka, Mesna industrija MURSKA SOBOTA 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 6 6 6 5 1 22 31 35 45 47 86 MIP Salami Alcisa – Kras Kolinska Droga PC Argo Emona, Mesna industrija Zalog 119 Emona 126 194 208 224 MIP Kras Sezana Kras Sezana Mercator, ETA TOLMIN SEPULJE LJUBLJANA IZOLA LJUBLJANA LOKEV NOVA GORICA SECOVLJE SEPULJE KAMNIK 132 SK Úradný vestník Európskej únie 03/zv. 21 País: ESTADOS UNIDOS DE AMÉRICA — Land: AMERIKAS FORENEDE STATER — Land: VEREINIGTE STAATEN VON AMERIKA — Xώρα: HNΩΜΕΝΕΣ ΠΟΛΙΤΕΙΕΣ THΣ AMEPIKHΣ — Country: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA — Pays: ÉTATS-UNIS DAMÉRIQUE — Paese: STATI UNITI — Land: VERENIGDE STATEN VAN AMERIKA — País: ESTADOS UNIDOS DA AMÉRICA — Maa: AMERIKAN YHDYSVALLAT — Land: FÖRENTA STATERNA 1 2 3 4 5 511 Rocco Further Processing 1 554 Henningsen Foods 4 058 Fiorucci Foods Inc. 5 850 Ora Corporation 6 899 AMPC Inc. 6 911 Bill-Mar Foods 7 211 Tyson Foods 7 827 Wampler-Longacre Inc. 8 984 Provimi Veal Corp. 18 297 Luiginos Inc. 18 638 Van Den Berg Foods 18 806 Rocking JC SW Foods TIMBERVILLE NORFOLK COLONIAL HGT. SAN DIEGO LYTTON ZEELAND BARRYVILLE FRANCONIA SEYMOUR JACKSON OWENSBORO SCOTTSDALE VA VA CA IA MI AR PA WI KY AZ País: SUDÁFRICA — Land: SYDAFRIKA — Land: SÜDAFRIKA — Xώρα: NOTIA AΦPIKH — Country: SOUTH AFRICA — Pays: AFRIQUE DU SUD — Paese: SUDAFRICA — Land: ZUID-AFRIKA — País: ÁFRICA DO SUL — Maa: ETELÄ-AFRIKKA — Land: SYDAFRIKA 1 2 3 4 5 ZA21 Finlar Foods ZA23 Finlar Foods ZA43 Eskort Bacon Co ZA47 Bull Brand Foods STICKLAND JOHANNESBURG ESTCOURT KRUGERSDORP


title: WRITTEN QUESTION No. 1146/97 by Andrea MANZELLA to the Commission. The binding nature of Community competition law


title: KOMISSION ASETUS (EY) N:o 564/97, annettu 26 päivänä maaliskuuta 1997, oliiviöljyn vientitukien vahvistamisesta

eurovoc_concepts:
export refund
olive oil


title: Harmonisierte Verbraucherpreisindizes : Januar 1997.

eurovoc_concepts:
EU Member State
consumer price
financial statistics
price index
third country


title: COMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 569/97 of 26 March 1997 fixing the production refund for white sugar used in the chemical industry

eurovoc_concepts:
chemical industry
production refund
white sugar