While it is possible to write computer programs as long lists of numbers (<answer>machine language</answer>) and while this technique was used with many early computers, it is extremely tedious and potentially error-prone to do so in practice, especially for complicated programs. Instead, each basic instruction can be given a short name that is indicative of its function and easy to remember – a mnemonic such as ADD, SUB, MULT or JUMP. These mnemonics are collectively known as a computer's assembly language. Converting programs written in assembly language into something the computer can actually understand (<answer>machine language</answer>) is usually done by a computer program called an assembler.
Computer programs that are long lists of numbers are called what?
machine language