The French crown's increasing dominance over the Papacy culminated in the transference of the Holy See to <answer>Avignon</answer> in 1309. When the Pope returned to Rome in 1377, this led to the election of different popes in <answer>Avignon</answer> and Rome, resulting in the Papal Schism (1378–1417). The Schism divided Europe along political lines; while France, her ally Scotland and the Spanish kingdoms supported the <answer>Avignon</answer> Papacy, France's enemy England stood behind the Pope in Rome, together with Portugal, Scandinavia and most of the German princes.
Where was the Holy See transferred to in 1309?
Avignon