 Sugar taken orally reduces the total <answer>crying</answer> time but not the duration of the first cry in newborns undergoing a painful procedure (a single lancing of the heel). It does not moderate the effect of pain on heart rate and a recent single study found that sugar did not significantly affect pain-related electrical activity in the brains of newborns one second after the heel lance procedure. Sweet oral liquid moderately reduces the incidence and duration of <answer>crying</answer> caused by immunization injection in children between one and twelve months of age.
A sweet oral liquid does moderately reduce the incidence and duration of what?
crying