Chopin's polonaises show a marked advance on those of his Polish predecessors in the form (who included his teachers Zywny and <answer>Elsner</answer>). As with the traditional polonaise, Chopin's works are in triple time and typically display a martial rhythm in their melodies, accompaniments and cadences. Unlike most of their precursors, they also require a formidable playing technique.
Chopin's ability to create an advanced polonasises surpassed even two of his teachers, Zywny and who?
Elsner