In Buddhist practice, it is said that while samatha meditation can calm the mind, only vipassanā meditation can reveal how the mind was disturbed to start with, which is what leads to insight knowledge (jñāna; Pāli ñāṇa) and <answer>understanding</answer> (prajñā Pāli paññā), and thus can lead to nirvāṇa (Pāli nibbāna). When one is in jhana, all defilements are suppressed temporarily. Only <answer>understanding</answer> (prajñā or vipassana) eradicates the defilements completely. Jhanas are also states that Arahants abide in order to rest.
What eradicates the defilements completely?
understanding