IMO-Steps / imo_proofs /imo_1992_p1.lean
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import Mathlib
set_option linter.unusedVariables.analyzeTactics true
open Int Rat
lemma mylemma_main_lt2
(p q r: β„€)
(hpl: 4 ≀ p)
(hql: 5 ≀ q)
(hrl: 6 ≀ r) :
(↑(p * q * r) / ↑((p - 1) * (q - 1) * (r - 1)):β„š) ≀ ↑2 := by
have h₁: (↑(p * q * r) / ↑((p - 1) * (q - 1) * (r - 1)):β„š)
= (↑p/↑(p-1)) * (↑q/↑(q-1)) * (↑r/↑(r-1)) := by
norm_cast
simp
have hp: (↑p/↑(p-1):β„š) ≀ ((4/3):β„š) := by
have g₁: 0 < (↑(p - 1):β„š) := by
norm_cast
linarith [hpl]
have gβ‚‚: ↑p * ↑(3:β„š) ≀ ↑(4:β„š) * (↑(p - 1):β„š) := by
norm_cast
linarith
refine (div_le_iffβ‚€ g₁).mpr ?_
rw [div_mul_eq_mul_div]
refine (le_div_iffβ‚€ ?_).mpr gβ‚‚
norm_num
have hq: (↑q/↑(q-1)) ≀ ((5/4):β„š) := by
have g₁: 0 < (↑(q - 1):β„š) := by
norm_cast
linarith[hql]
have gβ‚‚: ↑q * ↑(4:β„š) ≀ ↑(5:β„š) * (↑(q - 1):β„š) := by
norm_cast
linarith
refine (div_le_iffβ‚€ g₁).mpr ?_
rw [div_mul_eq_mul_div]
refine (le_div_iffβ‚€ ?_).mpr gβ‚‚
norm_num
have hr: (↑r/↑(r-1)) ≀ ((6/5):β„š) := by
have g₁: 0 < (↑(r - 1):β„š) := by
norm_cast
linarith[hql]
have gβ‚‚: ↑r * ↑(5:β„š) ≀ ↑(6:β„š) * (↑(r - 1):β„š) := by
norm_cast
linarith
refine (div_le_iffβ‚€ g₁).mpr ?_
rw [div_mul_eq_mul_div]
refine (le_div_iffβ‚€ ?_).mpr gβ‚‚
norm_num
have hub: (↑p/↑(p-1)) * (↑q/↑(q-1)) * (↑r/↑(r-1)) ≀ (4/3:β„š) * ((5/4):β„š) * ((6/5):β„š) := by
have hq_nonneg: 0 ≀ (↑q:β„š) := by
norm_cast
linarith
have hq_1_nonneg: 0 ≀ (↑(q - 1):β„š) := by
norm_cast
linarith
have hβ‚‚: 0 ≀ (((q:β„š) / ↑(q - 1)):β„š) := by
exact div_nonneg hq_nonneg hq_1_nonneg
have hub1: (↑p/↑(p-1)) * (↑q/↑(q-1)) ≀ ((4/3):β„š) * ((5/4):β„š) := by
exact mul_le_mul hp hq hβ‚‚ (by norm_num)
have hr_nonneg: 0 ≀ (↑r:β„š) := by
norm_cast
linarith
have hr_1_nonneg: 0 ≀ (↑(r - 1):β„š) := by
norm_cast
linarith
have h₃: 0 ≀ (((r:β„š) / ↑(r - 1)):β„š) := by
exact div_nonneg hr_nonneg hr_1_nonneg
exact mul_le_mul hub1 hr h₃ (by norm_num)
norm_num at hub
rw [h₁]
norm_num
exact hub
lemma mylemma_k_lt_2
(p q r k: β„€)
(hk: p * q * r - 1 = (p - 1) * (q - 1) * (r - 1) * k)
(hpl: 4 ≀ p)
(hql: 5 ≀ q)
(hrl: 6 ≀ r)
(hden: 0 < (p - 1) * (q - 1) * (r - 1) ) :
(k < 2) := by
have h₁: (↑(p * q * r) / ↑((p - 1) * (q - 1) * (r - 1)):β„š) ≀ ↑2 := by
exact mylemma_main_lt2 p q r hpl hql hrl
have hβ‚‚: ↑k = (↑(p * q * r - 1):β„š) / (↑((p - 1) * (q - 1) * (r - 1)):β„š) := by
have g₁: ↑(p * q * r - 1) = ↑k * (↑((p - 1) * (q - 1) * (r - 1)):β„š) := by
norm_cast
linarith
symm
have gβ‚‚: (↑((p - 1) * (q - 1) * (r - 1)):β„š) β‰  0 := by
norm_cast
linarith[hden]
exact (div_eq_iff gβ‚‚).mpr g₁
have h₃: ↑k < (↑(p * q * r) / ↑((p - 1) * (q - 1) * (r - 1)):β„š) := by
rw [hβ‚‚]
have g₁: (↑(p * q * r - 1):β„š) < (↑(p * q * r):β„š) := by
norm_cast
exact sub_one_lt (p * q * r)
have gβ‚‚: 0 < (↑((p - 1) * (q - 1) * (r - 1)):β„š) := by
norm_cast
exact div_lt_div_of_pos_right g₁ gβ‚‚
have hβ‚„: (↑k:β„š) < ↑2 := by
exact lt_of_lt_of_le h₃ h₁
norm_cast at hβ‚„
lemma mylemma_main_lt4
(p q r: β„€)
(hpl: 2 ≀ p)
(hql: 3 ≀ q)
(hrl: 4 ≀ r) :
(↑(p * q * r) / ↑((p - 1) * (q - 1) * (r - 1)):β„š) ≀ ↑4 := by
have h₁: (↑(p * q * r) / ↑((p - 1) * (q - 1) * (r - 1)):β„š)
= (↑p/↑(p-1)) * (↑q/↑(q-1)) * (↑r/↑(r-1)) := by
norm_cast
simp
have hp: (↑p/↑(p-1):β„š) ≀ ↑(2:β„š) := by
have g₁: 0 < (↑(p - 1):β„š) := by
norm_cast
linarith[hpl]
have gβ‚‚: ↑p ≀ ↑(2:β„š) * (↑(p - 1):β„š) := by
norm_cast
linarith
exact (div_le_iffβ‚€ g₁).mpr gβ‚‚
have hq: (↑q/↑(q-1)) ≀ ((3/2):β„š) := by
have g₁: 0 < (↑(q - 1):β„š) := by
norm_cast
linarith[hql]
have gβ‚‚: ↑q * ↑(2:β„š) ≀ ↑(3:β„š) * (↑(q - 1):β„š) := by
norm_cast
linarith
refine (div_le_iffβ‚€ g₁).mpr ?_
rw [div_mul_eq_mul_div]
refine (le_div_iffβ‚€ ?_).mpr gβ‚‚
norm_num
have hr: (↑r/↑(r-1)) ≀ ((4/3):β„š) := by
have g₁: 0 < (↑(r - 1):β„š) := by
norm_cast
linarith[hql]
have gβ‚‚: ↑r * ↑(3:β„š) ≀ ↑(4:β„š) * (↑(r - 1):β„š) := by
norm_cast
linarith
refine (div_le_iffβ‚€ g₁).mpr ?_
rw [div_mul_eq_mul_div]
refine (le_div_iffβ‚€ ?_).mpr gβ‚‚
norm_num
have hub: (↑p/↑(p-1)) * (↑q/↑(q-1)) * (↑r/↑(r-1)) ≀ (2:β„š) * ((3/2):β„š) * ((4/3):β„š) := by
have hq_nonneg: 0 ≀ (↑q:β„š) := by
norm_cast
linarith
have hq_1_nonneg: 0 ≀ (↑(q - 1):β„š) := by
norm_cast
linarith
have hβ‚‚: 0 ≀ (((q:β„š) / ↑(q - 1)):β„š) := by
exact div_nonneg hq_nonneg hq_1_nonneg
have hub1: (↑p/↑(p-1)) * (↑q/↑(q-1)) ≀ (2:β„š) * ((3/2):β„š) := by
exact mul_le_mul hp hq hβ‚‚ (by norm_num)
have hr_nonneg: 0 ≀ (↑r:β„š) := by
norm_cast
linarith
have hr_1_nonneg: 0 ≀ (↑(r - 1):β„š) := by
norm_cast
linarith
have h₃: 0 ≀ (((r:β„š) / ↑(r - 1)):β„š) := by
exact div_nonneg hr_nonneg hr_1_nonneg
exact mul_le_mul hub1 hr h₃ (by norm_num)
norm_num at hub
rw [h₁]
norm_num
exact hub
lemma mylemma_k_lt_4
(p q r k: β„€)
(hk: p * q * r - 1 = (p - 1) * (q - 1) * (r - 1) * k)
(hpl: 2 ≀ p)
(hql: 3 ≀ q)
(hrl: 4 ≀ r)
(hden: 0 < (p - 1) * (q - 1) * (r - 1) ) :
(k < 4) := by
have h₁: (↑(p * q * r) / ↑((p - 1) * (q - 1) * (r - 1)):β„š) ≀ ↑4 := by
exact mylemma_main_lt4 p q r hpl hql hrl
have hβ‚‚: ↑k = (↑(p * q * r - 1):β„š) / (↑((p - 1) * (q - 1) * (r - 1)):β„š) := by
have g₁: ↑(p * q * r - 1) = ↑k * (↑((p - 1) * (q - 1) * (r - 1)):β„š) := by
norm_cast
linarith
symm
have gβ‚‚: (↑((p - 1) * (q - 1) * (r - 1)):β„š) β‰  0 := by
norm_cast
linarith [hden]
exact (div_eq_iff gβ‚‚).mpr g₁
have h₃: ↑k < (↑(p * q * r) / ↑((p - 1) * (q - 1) * (r - 1)):β„š) := by
rw [hβ‚‚]
have g₁: (↑(p * q * r - 1):β„š) < (↑(p * q * r):β„š) := by
norm_cast
exact sub_one_lt (p * q * r)
have gβ‚‚: 0 < (↑((p - 1) * (q - 1) * (r - 1)):β„š) := by
norm_cast
exact div_lt_div_of_pos_right g₁ gβ‚‚
have hβ‚„: (↑k:β„š) < ↑4 := by
exact lt_of_lt_of_le h₃ h₁
norm_cast at hβ‚„
lemma mylemma_k_gt_1
(p q r k: β„€)
(hk: p * q * r - 1 = (p - 1) * (q - 1) * (r - 1) * k)
(h₁: ↑k = (↑(p * q * r - 1):β„š) / (↑((p - 1) * (q - 1) * (r - 1)):β„š))
(hpl: 2 ≀ p)
(hql: 3 ≀ q)
(hrl: 4 ≀ r)
(hden: 0 < (p - 1) * (q - 1) * (r - 1) ) :
(1 < k) := by
have hk0: 0 < (↑k:β„š) := by
have g₁: 2*3*4 ≀ p * q * r := by
have gβ‚‚: 2*3 ≀ p * q := by
exact mul_le_mul hpl hql (by norm_num) (by linarith[hpl])
exact mul_le_mul gβ‚‚ hrl (by norm_num) (by linarith[gβ‚‚])
have gβ‚‚: 0 < (↑(p * q * r - 1):β„š) := by
norm_cast
linarith[g₁]
have g₃: 0 < (↑((p - 1) * (q - 1) * (r - 1)):β„š) := by
norm_cast
rw [h₁]
exact div_pos gβ‚‚ g₃
norm_cast at hk0
by_contra hc
push_neg at hc
interval_cases k
simp at hk
exfalso
have g₁: p*q + q*r + r*p = p+q+r := by linarith
have gβ‚‚: p < p*q := by exact lt_mul_right (by linarith) (by linarith)
have g₃: q < q*r := by exact lt_mul_right (by linarith) (by linarith)
have gβ‚„: r < r*p := by exact lt_mul_right (by linarith) (by linarith)
have gβ‚…: p+q+r < p*q + q*r + r*p := by linarith[gβ‚‚,g₃,gβ‚„]
linarith [g₁,gβ‚…]
lemma mylemma_p_lt_4
(p q r k: β„€)
(hβ‚€ : 1 < p ∧ p < q ∧ q < r)
(hk: p * q * r - 1 = (p - 1) * (q - 1) * (r - 1) * k)
(h₁: ↑k = (↑(p * q * r - 1):β„š) / (↑((p - 1) * (q - 1) * (r - 1)):β„š))
(hpl: 2 ≀ p)
(hql: 3 ≀ q)
(hrl: 4 ≀ r)
(hden: 0 < (p - 1) * (q - 1) * (r - 1) ) :
(p < 4) := by
by_contra hcp
push_neg at hcp
have hcq: 5 ≀ q := by linarith
have hcr: 6 ≀ r := by linarith
have h₃: k < 2 := by exact mylemma_k_lt_2 p q r k hk hcp hcq hcr hden
have hβ‚„: 1 < k := by exact mylemma_k_gt_1 p q r k hk h₁ hpl hql hrl hden
linarith
lemma q_r_divisor_of_prime
(q r : β„€)
(p: β„•)
(hβ‚€ : q * r = ↑p)
(h₁: Nat.Prime p) :
q = -1 ∨ q = 1 ∨ q = -p ∨ q = p := by
have hq : q β‰  0 := by
intro h
rw [h] at hβ‚€
simp at hβ‚€
symm at hβ‚€
norm_cast at hβ‚€
rw [hβ‚€] at h₁
exact Nat.not_prime_zero h₁
have hr : r β‰  0 := by
intro h
rw [h] at hβ‚€
simp at hβ‚€
norm_cast at hβ‚€
rw [← hβ‚€] at h₁
exact Nat.not_prime_zero h₁
have hqr : abs q * abs r = p := by
have h₃: abs q = q.natAbs := by exact abs_eq_natAbs q
have hβ‚„: abs r = r.natAbs := by exact abs_eq_natAbs r
rw [h₃,hβ‚„]
norm_cast
exact Int.natAbs_mul_natAbs_eq hβ‚€
have h_abs: abs (↑(q.natAbs):β„€) = 1 ∨ abs q = p := by
cases' Int.natAbs_eq q with h_1 h_2
. rw [h_1] at hqr
have hβ‚‚: abs (↑(q.natAbs):β„€) ∣ p := by exact Dvd.intro (abs r) hqr
have h₃: (↑(q.natAbs):β„•) ∣ p := by
norm_cast at *
have hβ‚„: (↑(q.natAbs):β„•) = 1 ∨ (↑(q.natAbs):β„•) = p := by
exact Nat.Prime.eq_one_or_self_of_dvd h₁ (↑(q.natAbs):β„•) h₃
cases' hβ‚„ with hβ‚„β‚€ h₄₁
. left
norm_cast at *
have hβ‚…: abs q = q.natAbs := by exact abs_eq_natAbs q
right
rw [hβ‚…]
norm_cast at *
. rw [h_2] at hqr
rw [abs_neg _] at hqr
have hβ‚‚: abs (↑(q.natAbs):β„€) ∣ p := by exact Dvd.intro (abs r) hqr
have h₃: (↑(q.natAbs):β„•) ∣ p := by
norm_cast at *
have hβ‚„: (↑(q.natAbs):β„•) = 1 ∨ (↑(q.natAbs):β„•) = p := by
exact Nat.Prime.eq_one_or_self_of_dvd h₁ (↑(q.natAbs):β„•) h₃
cases' hβ‚„ with hβ‚„β‚€ h₄₁
. left
norm_cast at *
. have hβ‚…: abs q = q.natAbs := by exact abs_eq_natAbs q
right
rw [hβ‚…]
norm_cast
cases' h_abs with hq_abs hq_abs
. norm_cast at *
have hβ‚„: q = ↑(q.natAbs) ∨ q = -↑(q.natAbs) := by
exact Int.natAbs_eq q
rw [hq_abs] at hβ‚„
norm_cast at hβ‚„
cases' hβ‚„ with hβ‚„β‚€ h₄₁
. right
left
exact hβ‚„β‚€
. left
exact h₄₁
. right
right
have hβ‚‚: abs q = q.natAbs := by exact abs_eq_natAbs q
rw [hβ‚‚] at hq_abs
norm_cast at hq_abs
refine or_comm.mp ?_
refine (Int.natAbs_eq_natAbs_iff).mp ?_
norm_cast
lemma mylemma_qr_11
(q r: β„€)
(hβ‚€: (4 - q) * (4 - r) = 11) :
(4 - q = -1 ∨ 4 - q = 1 ∨ 4 - q = -11 ∨ 4 - q = 11) := by
have h₁: Nat.Prime (11) := by decide
exact q_r_divisor_of_prime (4-q) (4-r) 11 hβ‚€ h₁
lemma mylemma_qr_5
(q r: β„€)
(hβ‚€: (q - 3) * (r - 3) = 5) :
(q - 3 = -1 ∨ q - 3 = 1 ∨ q - 3 = -5 ∨ q - 3 = 5) := by
have h₁: Nat.Prime (5) := by decide
exact q_r_divisor_of_prime (q - 3) (r - 3) 5 hβ‚€ h₁
lemma mylemma_63qr_5
(q r: β„€)
(hβ‚€: (6 - 3*q) * (2 - r) = 5) :
(6 - 3*q = -1 ∨ 6 - 3*q = 1 ∨ 6 - 3*q = -5 ∨ 6 - 3*q = 5) := by
have h₁: Nat.Prime (5) := by decide
exact q_r_divisor_of_prime (6 - 3*q) (2 - r) 5 hβ‚€ h₁
lemma mylemma_case_k_2
(p q r: β„€)
(hβ‚€: 1 < p ∧ p < q ∧ q < r)
(hpl: 2 ≀ p)
(hql: 3 ≀ q)
(hrl: 4 ≀ r)
(hpu: p < 4)
(hk: p * q * r - 1 = (p - 1) * (q - 1) * (r - 1) * 2) :
(p, q, r) = (2, 4, 8) ∨ (p, q, r) = (3, 5, 15) := by
interval_cases p
. exfalso
norm_num at *
have g₁: 2*q + 2*r = 3 := by linarith
linarith [g₁,hql,hrl]
. right
norm_num at *
-- have g₁: q*r - 4*q - 4*r + 5 = 0 := by linarith
have gβ‚‚: (4-q)*(4-r) = 11 := by linarith
have g₃: (4-q) = -1 ∨ (4-q) = 1 ∨ (4-q) = -11 ∨ (4-q) = 11 := by
exact mylemma_qr_11 q r gβ‚‚
cases' g₃ with g₃₁ g₃₂
. have hq: q = 5 := by linarith
constructor
. exact hq
. rw [hq] at gβ‚‚
linarith[gβ‚‚]
. exfalso
cases' g₃₂ with g₃₂ g₃₃
. have hq: q = 3 := by linarith[g₃₂]
rw [hq] at gβ‚‚
have hr: r = -7 := by linarith[gβ‚‚]
linarith[hrl,hr]
. cases' g₃₃ with g₃₃ g₃₄
. have hq: q = 15 := by linarith[g₃₃]
rw [hq] at gβ‚‚
have hr: r = 5 := by linarith[gβ‚‚]
linarith[hq,hr,hβ‚€.2]
. have hq: q = -7 := by linarith[g₃₄]
linarith[hq,hql]
lemma mylemma_case_k_3
(p q r: β„€)
(hβ‚€: 1 < p ∧ p < q ∧ q < r)
(hpl: 2 ≀ p)
(hql: 3 ≀ q)
(hrl: 4 ≀ r)
(hpu: p < 4)
(hk: p * q * r - 1 = (p - 1) * (q - 1) * (r - 1) * 3) :
(p, q, r) = (2, 4, 8) ∨ (p, q, r) = (3, 5, 15) := by
interval_cases p
-- p = 2
. norm_num at *
-- have g₁: q*r - 3*q - 3*r + 4 = 0 := by linarith
have gβ‚‚: (q-3)*(r-3) = 5 := by linarith
have g₃: (q-3) = -1 ∨ (q-3) = 1 ∨ (q-3) = -5 ∨ (q-3) = 5 := by
exact mylemma_qr_5 q r gβ‚‚
cases' g₃ with g₃₁ g₃₂
. exfalso
linarith [hql,g₃₁]
. cases' g₃₂ with g₃₂ g₃₃
. have hq: q = 4 := by linarith
rw [hq] at gβ‚‚
have hr: r = 8 := by linarith[gβ‚‚]
exact { left := hq, right := hr }
. exfalso
cases' g₃₃ with g₃₃ g₃₄
. linarith[hql,g₃₃]
. have hq: q = 8 := by linarith
rw [hq] at gβ‚‚
norm_num at gβ‚‚
have hr: r = 4 := by linarith
linarith[hrl,hr]
-- p = 3
. right
norm_num at *
-- have g₁: 3 * q * r - 6 * q - 6 * r + 7 = 0 := by linarith
have gβ‚‚: (6 - 3*q) * (2 - r) = 5 := by linarith
have g₃: (6 - 3*q) = -1 ∨ (6 - 3*q) = 1 ∨ (6 - 3*q) = -5 ∨ (6 - 3*q) = 5 := by
exact mylemma_63qr_5 q r gβ‚‚
exfalso
cases' g₃ with g₃₁ g₃₂
. linarith[g₃₁,q]
. cases' g₃₂ with g₃₂ g₃₃
. linarith[g₃₂,q]
. cases' g₃₃ with g₃₃ g₃₄
. linarith[g₃₃,q]
. linarith[g₃₄,q]
theorem imo_1992_p1
(p q r : β„€)
(hβ‚€ : 1 < p ∧ p < q ∧ q < r)
(h₁ : (p - 1) * (q - 1) * (r - 1)∣(p * q * r - 1)) :
(p, q, r) = (2, 4, 8) ∨ (p, q, r) = (3, 5, 15) := by
cases' h₁ with k hk
have hpl: 2 ≀ p := by linarith
have hql: 3 ≀ q := by linarith
have hrl: 4 ≀ r := by linarith
have hden: 0 < (((p - 1) * (q - 1)) * (r - 1)) := by
have gp: 0 < (p - 1) := by linarith
have gq: 0 < (q - 1) := by linarith
have gr: 0 < (r - 1) := by linarith
exact mul_pos (mul_pos gp gq) gr
have h₁: ↑k = (↑(p * q * r - 1):β„š) / (↑((p - 1) * (q - 1) * (r - 1)):β„š) := by
have g₁: ↑(p * q * r - 1) = ↑k * (↑((p - 1) * (q - 1) * (r - 1)):β„š) := by
norm_cast
linarith
symm
have gβ‚‚: (↑((p - 1) * (q - 1) * (r - 1)):β„š) β‰  0 := by
norm_cast
linarith[hden]
exact (div_eq_iff gβ‚‚).mpr g₁
have hk4: k < 4 := by exact mylemma_k_lt_4 p q r k hk hpl hql hrl hden
have hk1: 1 < k := by exact mylemma_k_gt_1 p q r k hk h₁ hpl hql hrl hden
have hpu: p < 4 := by exact mylemma_p_lt_4 p q r k hβ‚€ hk h₁ hpl hql hrl hden
interval_cases k
. exact mylemma_case_k_2 p q r hβ‚€ hpl hql hrl hpu hk
. exact mylemma_case_k_3 p q r hβ‚€ hpl hql hrl hpu hk