the human body has simple and compound organs that obtain their nourishment through four humors .
one of them is bile ( yellow bile ) . according to iranian traditional medicine ( itm )
, there are various kinds of natural medicines with their specific mechanisms of action affecting on bile in the human body .
hakim aghili shirazi ( 18th century ) , one of the great scholars in itm field , introduced all types of natural medicines influencing bile in his valuable book written in persian ,  makhzan - ul - adwiah  , about single herbal medicines ( mofradat ) .
the aim of this review article was to introduce all types of natural medicines influencing bile in the human body .
the classification of natural medicines influencing bile was studied in this article as viewed by hakim aghili shirazi in makhzan - ul - adwiah .
reviewing makhzan - ul - adwiah , this natural influencing bile is defined in ten categories .
these are haabes - e safra ( obstructive of bile ) , daafe - e safra ( expellant of bile ) , raafe - e safra ( resolver of bile ) , ghaate - e safra ( stopper of bile ) , ghaame - e safra ( suppressant of bile ) , kaasere - e safra ( fractionating of bile ) , mohregh - e safra ( burner of bile ) , moder - e safra ( bile diuretic ) , mosaken - e safra ( bile reliever ) , and moshel - e safra ( bile laxative ) .
recognition of the precise mechanisms of these natural medicines is necessary to prescribe a suitable remedy for bilious diseases by traditional medicine specialists .
 background : the human body has simple and compound organs that obtain their nourishment through four humors . 
 one of them is bile ( yellow bile ) . according to iranian traditional medicine ( itm ) 
 , there are various kinds of natural medicines with their specific mechanisms of action affecting on bile in the human body . 
 hakim aghili shirazi ( 18th century ) , one of the great scholars in itm field , introduced all types of natural medicines influencing bile in his valuable book written in persian ,  makhzan - ul - adwiah  , about single herbal medicines ( mofradat ) . 
 the aim of this review article was to introduce all types of natural medicines influencing bile in the human body.methods:the classification of natural medicines influencing bile was studied in this article as viewed by hakim aghili shirazi in makhzan-ul-adwiah.results:reviewing makhzan - ul - adwiah , this natural influencing bile is defined in ten categories . these are haabes - e safra ( obstructive of bile ) , daafe - e safra ( expellant of bile ) , raafe - e safra ( resolver of bile ) , ghaate - e safra ( stopper of bile ) , ghaame - e safra ( suppressant of bile ) , kaasere - e safra ( fractionating of bile ) , mohregh - e safra ( burner of bile ) , moder - e safra ( bile diuretic ) , mosaken - e safra ( bile reliever ) , and moshel - e safra ( bile laxative).conclusion : each group has a specific function and mechanism on bile . 
 recognition of the precise mechanisms of these natural medicines is necessary to prescribe a suitable remedy for bilious diseases by traditional medicine specialists . 
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