the prevalence of obesity is 35.5% among men and 35.8% among women and in iran it has been reported 42.9% among men and 56.9% among women .
obesity is related to increased risk of hyper - tension , diabetes mellitus , cardiovascular disease , arthritis , gallbladder disease , and cancer .
mechanisms of physiological , psychological and behavioral are involved in the relationship between obesity and migraine .
the prevalence of vitamin d deficiency is 30 - 80% among children and adult world - wide . in iran ,
prevalence of vitamin d deficiency has been observed 72.1% in men and 75.1% in women . in isfahan , 19.6% , 23.9% and 26.9 of people
vitamin d deficiency is related to musculoskeletal disorders , cancer , autoimmune disorders , cardiovascular disorders , kidney disorders , mental disorders , and skin disorders .
evidence have determined an inverse relationship between vitamin d levels with headache.[5915 ] number of studies have found that serum vitamin d levels are associated with obesity among population health and patients.[1623 ] however , in some other studies , the relationship was not seen .
thus , the present study was conducted to investigate the association between serum levels of vitamin d with general and abdominal obesity among patients with migraine .
this is a cross - sectional study that was performed among 66 migraine patients aged 19 - 61 years in isfahan city , iran , in autumn 2012 .
informed consent was taken from all participants . at baseline , age , gender , weight , height , waist circumference ( wc ) ,
body mass index ( bmi ) , education level , medical history , the use of vitamin and mineral supplements were gathered .
weight was determined ( within 0.5 kg ) using analog scale in light clothes and without shoes .
overweight and obesity was defined as bmi  25 and bmi  30 , respectively .
bmi was obtained through weight ( kilogram ) divided into height ( meter squared ) .
bmi category was determined as : l0 ean ( values < 18.5 ) ; normal weight ( values 18.5 - 24.9 ) ; overweight ( values 25 - 29.9 ) and obesity ( values  30 ) . abdominal obesity was assessed by wc .
central obesity was determined as wc  88 for women and wc  102 for men .
wc were taken ( within 0.5 cm ) using inelastic tape at the narrowest part of body , under the ribs .
serum 25-oh - d3 was measured to evaluate serum vitamin d levels using enzyme - linked immunosorbent assay .
serum vitamin d levels were categorized as : v0 itamin d deficiency ( values less than 12 ng / ml ) ; vitamin d insufficiency ( values between 12 ng / ml and 30 ng / ml ) , and vitamin d sufficiency ( values more than 30 ng / ml ) .
calcium , phosphor , and albumin measurements were conducted for the diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism .
partial correlation was conducted to survey the association between serum levels of vitamin d with general and abdominal obesity .
this is a cross - sectional study that was performed among 66 migraine patients aged 19 - 61 years in isfahan city , iran , in autumn 2012 .
at baseline , age , gender , weight , height , waist circumference ( wc ) , body mass index ( bmi ) , education level , medical history , the use of vitamin and mineral supplements were gathered .
weight was determined ( within 0.5 kg ) using analog scale in light clothes and without shoes .
overweight and obesity was defined as bmi  25 and bmi  30 , respectively .
bmi was obtained through weight ( kilogram ) divided into height ( meter squared ) .
bmi category was determined as : l0 ean ( values < 18.5 ) ; normal weight ( values 18.5 - 24.9 ) ; overweight ( values 25 - 29.9 ) and obesity ( values  30 ) . abdominal obesity was assessed by wc .
central obesity was determined as wc  88 for women and wc  102 for men .
wc were taken ( within 0.5 cm ) using inelastic tape at the narrowest part of body , under the ribs .
serum 25-oh - d3 was measured to evaluate serum vitamin d levels using enzyme - linked immunosorbent assay .
serum vitamin d levels were categorized as : v0 itamin d deficiency ( values less than 12 ng / ml ) ; vitamin d insufficiency ( values between 12 ng / ml and 30 ng / ml ) , and vitamin d sufficiency ( values more than 30 ng / ml ) .
calcium , phosphor , and albumin measurements were conducted for the diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism .
partial correlation was conducted to survey the association between serum levels of vitamin d with general and abdominal obesity .
in this study , 66 migraine patients with mean age of 35.9  9.01 years were included for analysis .
patients with diabetes mellitus , metabolic syndrome , cardiovascular diseases and hyper - tension , and liver diseases were excluded .
there were 49 women with mean age of 35.7  years and 17 men with mean age of 36.6  10.2 years .
deficiency , insufficiency , and sufficiency of vitamin d were observed 13.6% , 66.7% , and 19.7% among migraine patients , respectively .
demographical characteristics of patients table 2 shows serum vitamin d status among women and men .
77.6% of women and 88.2% of men have serum vitamin d levels less than 30 .
there was no differences between serum levels of albumin , calcium , and phosphorus among different vitamin d groups .
serum vitamin d status according to gender table 3 describes serum vitamin d status in different groups according to bmi category .
serum vitamin d status according to body mass index category partial correlation was used to investigate the association between serum levels of vitamin d with bmi and wc .
table 4 shows the relationship between vitamin d with bmi and wc among patients with migraine .
according to table 4 , significant association was not found between serum 25-oh - d levels with wc ( p = 0.83 ) and bmi ( p = 0.92 ) . in this analysis , confounding variables such as sex , age , and education were adjusted . however
results of the present study showed that serum levels of vitamin d are not related to wc and bmi .
however , a significant inverse relationship was observed between bmi and wc among patients with migraine .
most studies have shown an inverse relationship between serum levels of vitamin d and general obesity among population health and patients.[1623 ] however , in some other studies , the association was not found .
furthermore , some studies have shown inverse relationship between serum vitamin d levels with wc , but in some other studies the relationship was not observed . in a cross - sectional study conducted on obese or overweight patients , vitamin d status
was associated with the degree of obesity , especially , in patients with bmi more than 40.patients with vitamin deficiency had higher bmi and wc and the relationship between vitamin d with metabolic syndrome was not dependent to the degree of obesity .
in another study , inverse association was found between serum vitamin d ( 25-oh - d3 and 1,25-(oh)2-d3 ) with bmi .
prevalence of vitamin d deficiency was the highest among patients with bmi more than or equal to 40 .
this results shows one out of every three female and one out of every two male with bmi more than or equal to 40 have vitamin d deficiency . in kuala lumpur , a study by khor et al .
a study conducted among cancer patients , showed that obese patients have lower vitamin d levels compared with normal weight and overweight individuals .
after adjustments for age , a unit increase in bmi was significantly related to reduced 0.42 ng / ml in serum levels of 25-oh - d3 .
inverse correlation was determined between bmi with serum vitamin d levels . however , when they were divided into three groups based on vitamin d status , patients with serum levels of vitamin d more than 35
nmol / l had significantly lower bmi compared to serum levels of vitamin d less than 25 nmol / l .
vilarrasa et al . observed inverse correlation between serum vitamin d levels with weight , bmi , waist to hip ratio , body fat , fat mass and fat free mass .
however , after adjustment for confounder variables , only relationship was seen between serum vitamin d with body fat . in another study , higher levels of 25-oh - d3 was inversely associated with bmi , hip circumference and total body fat ( tbf ) among women not men . however , after adjustments for confounder variables , only inverse relationship was observed between tbf and 25-oh - d3 .
. reported , bmi and wc are related to vitamin d insufficiency ( less than 50
increased wc and bmi is associated within adequate intakes of vitamin d , but with adjustment for confounding variables , wc remained significant .
it looks obese people require higher doses of vitamin d compared with lean people to reach the same levels of vitamin d. in a study , increase in serum vitamin dafter a year , was significantly and inversely related to bmi at baseline .
, investigated the association between obesity and increase in serum vitamin d after consumption of vitamin d supplementation .
however , after consumption of vitamin d , increase in the serum vitamin d levels were more obvious at the lower primary levels among individuals with normal weight compared to obese people .
the relationship between serum levels of 25-oh - d and 1,25(oh)2d with body composition was assessed among obese patients .
pmol / l lower in lowest quartile compared to highest quartile of 25-oh - d .
a unit increase in bmi was associated with decreased 1 nmol / l in 25-oh - d and decreased 0.9 pmol / l in 1 , 25-(oh)2-d . in this
regard , several hypothesis and mechanisms have been determined for relationship between serum vitamin d levels with obesity .
second , obese patients have inadequate intakes of vitamin d. third , reduced bioavailability of vitamin d among obese patients . forth , vitamin d is fat - soluble that is mainly sequestered in adipose tissue , thus , is low in serum levels of obese patients .
first , the current study is cross - sectional , for this reason we can not determine a causal link , therefore , clinical trial studies are essential to conduct .
second , the sample size of this study is small and more studies are needed to perform with greater sample size .
third , more adjustments for confounding variables such as physical activity and sun exposure must be performed .
in summary , no association was observed between serum vitamin d levels with bmi and wc among migraine patients .
 background : obesity is a common health problem around the world . 
 studies have shown inverse relationship between serum vitamin d levels with obesity among patients and healthy population . 
 the aim of this present study is to examine the relationship between serum vitamin d levels with general and abdominal obesity among migraine patients.methods:the present study is a cross - sectional and 66 migraine patients aged 19 - 61 years were included for analysis . 
 partial correlation was performed to assess association between serum 25-oh - d with general and abdominal obesity . 
 adjustments were performed for age , sex , and education.results:no relationship was found between serum levels of vitamin d with general and abdominal obesity . however , a significant association was shown between waist circumferences ( wc ) with body mass index ( bmi).conclusions : serum levels of 25-oh - d were not associated with wc and bmi . 
 furthermore , after adjustment for confounder variables , no association was observed . 
INTRODUCTION
METHODS
Participants
Anthropometric measurement and other information's
Biochemical measurement
Statistical analysis
RESULTS
DISCUSSION
CONCLUSIONS