opinion: FULLANA CONSTRUCTION COMPANY, Defendant, Appellant, v. Joseph F. GRASSE, Plaintiff, Appellee.
  No. 5241.
  United States Court of Appeals First Circuit.
  March 20, 1958.
  Jose Antonio Luina, Santurce, P. R., for appellant.
  Orlando J. Antonsanti, San Juan, P. R., for appellee.
  Before MAGRUDER, Chief Judge, and WOODBURY and STALEY, Circuit Judges.
  PER CURIAM.
  The appellee, as assignee of American Paint and Chemical Corporation, brought an action of contract in the United States District Court for the District of Puerto Rico against appellant, Fullana Construction Company, to recover the value of certain paint goods sold and delivered to said defendant.
  The case was tried by the court without a jury. It appears from the judge’s full findings of fact that the paints were ordered from time to time between August, 1954, and October 8, 1955, by one Celestino Santos, a painter employed by the defendant. In each instance, the delivery orders and invoices specifically named the defendant as the purchaser, not Celestino Santos.
  The initial deliveries of paint, on or about August 31, 1954, were made pursuant to written orders prepared by Cel-estino Santos, and signed by defendant’s treasurer. However, subsequent deliveries were made to defendant’s projects without any prior presentation of written orders for defendant’s treasurer to sign. This practice developed upon a representation by Celestino Santos that defendant’s treasurer could not always be found without unfortunate delay. In at least many of such instances, the written orders would be approved and signed by an authorized officer of defendant after the actual physical delivery of the paints. Whether or not such written approval was subsequently obtained, it is true that all the paints in question were actually used in low cost housing developments which the defendant was engaged in constructing.
  Finally, on October 8, 1955, a letter was received by the seller from the defendant, instructing the seller not to make any further deliveries of paints to its several projects on the basis of orders from Mr. Santos; the letter went on'to state that thereafter orders would come on a regular Fullana Construction Company order form. This change in procedure was explained by the testimony of defendant’s treasurer as due to the fact that, after the date of the letter, defendant began accumulating paints in its own warehouse, dispatching the paints therefrom only on requisition from the field. But this change in procedure had nothing to do with paints delivered prior to that time.
  Before October 8, 1955, the value of the goods which had already been sold and delivered and used by the defendant, as aforesaid, amounted to $10,645.55. From the practice above described, the district judge inferred as a fact that Santos was the duly authorized agent of the defendant up until the receipt of the letter of October 8, 1955, fully empowered, on behalf of the defendant, to order paints for the construction jobs. Accordingly, the district judge entered judgment for the plaintiff in the sum of $10,645.55, from which judgment defendant took this appeal.
  We can find no substance to the points raised on appeal. The district judge’s findings of fact were well supported by the evidence, and on those findings the judgment for the plaintiff was inescapable.
  A judgment will be entered affirming the judgment of the District Court.
instruction: What follows is an opinion from a United States Court of Appeals.
  Intervenors who participated as parties at the courts of appeals should be counted as either appellants or respondents when it can be determined whose position they supported. For example, if there were two plaintiffs who lost in district court, appealed, and were joined by four intervenors who also asked the court of appeals to reverse the district court, the number of appellants should be coded as six.
  When coding the detailed nature of participants, use your personal knowledge about the participants, if you are completely confident of the accuracy of your knowledge, even if the specific information is not in the opinion. For example, if "IBM" is listed as the appellant it could be classified as "clearly national or international in scope" even if the opinion did not indicate the scope of the business. 
  
  Your task concerns the first listed appellant. The nature of this litigant falls into the category "private business (including criminal enterprises)", specifically "construction". Your task is to determine what subcategory of business best describes this litigant.
choices: residential commercial or industrial other unclear