title: Patrick Murphy (Pennsylvania politician)

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<mask> (born October 19, 1973) is an American politician and attorney who served as the 32nd United States Under Secretary of the Army. He was the first veteran of the Iraq War to be elected to the United States House of Representatives, representing  from 2007 to 2011. <mask> is a former anchor of Taking the Hill on MSNBC. <mask> is currently a Senior Managing Director at Ankura Consulting in Philadelphia and the Distinguished Chair of Innovation at the United States Military Academy. <mask> was confirmed by voice vote as Under Secretary of the Army by the U.S. Senate on December 18, 2015, after having been nominated for the position by the President on August 5, 2015. <mask> was sworn into the post on January 4, 2016. <mask> was considered by the leadership of the Presidential transition of Joe Biden to serve as the United States Secretary of Veterans Affairs, after having previously been considered for the same post by President Obama in 2014.Denis McDonough, former White House Chief of Staff was chosen instead. Early life and education
<mask> was born in Philadelphia and raised in that city's Northeast area, the son of a city police officer and a legal secretary. As a high school student, <mask> worked weekends as a security guard in the rowdy "700 Level" of Veterans Stadium during Philadelphia Eagles and Temple University football games. <mask> graduated from Archbishop Ryan High School in Northeast Philadelphia. He attended Bucks County Community College before enrolling at King's College, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, where he was captain of the ice hockey team, Student Government President and a member of the Sigma Kappa Sigma fraternity. <mask> was a cadet in the U.S. Army ROTC at the neighboring University of Scranton, graduating from Scranton's Royal Warriors Battalion in 1996. After earning a Bachelor of Arts degree from King's College in 1996, he was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the Army Reserve.In lieu of going directly into the active duty Army with a Reserve commission, he remained in the inactive Army Reserve while attending law school and working part-time as a legislative aide to a member of the Pennsylvania state legislature. <mask> attended law school at the Widener University Commonwealth Law School in Harrisburg, earning a J.D. in 1999. He became a member of the Trial Advocacy Honor Society and president of the St. Thomas More Society at Widener. Career
During law school, he worked in the office of the Philadelphia District Attorney, and later as a leader in the Harrisburg Civil Law Clinic, a legal aid society serving the poor, while concurrently serving as a drilling JAG officer in the Army Reserve. He also served as the legislative aide to Thomas Tangretti, a Democratic member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives from Westmoreland County. He taught American politics and government at Mount Saint Mary's University.After returning from active duty, <mask> joined Cozen O'Connor, a large U.S. law firm based in Philadelphia. In 2010, <mask> joined the National Leadership Society Omicron Delta Kappa, along with Peyton Manning and Joe Paterno. Military service

<mask> attended The JAG School at the University of Virginia and entered U.S. Army JAG Corps. In 2000, <mask> went on active duty in the Army, serving as a judge advocate and then joining the military faculty at the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, where he taught constitutional law. He has also lectured at the U.S. Air Force Academy, the International Institute for Humanitarian Rights in Sanremo, Italy, and at Widener University. After the attacks of September 11, 2001, <mask> volunteered for overseas deployment, serving in Bosnia (2002) and in Baghdad during the Iraq War (2003–04). While in Baghdad as a JAG Corps attorney with the U.S. 82nd Airborne Division, <mask> worked to reconstruct the justice system and helped prosecute Sheik Mohammed Ali Hassan al-Moayad, a lieutenant of Muqtada al-Sadr.Prior to being assigned to the 82nd, <mask> qualified as a Basic Parachutist and graduated the Air Assault course. He was awarded the Bronze Star Medal for meritorious service in Iraq. Following his service in Iraq, he returned to Fort Bragg and continued his service as a JAG officer before being released from active duty in 2004. Awards and decorations

<mask>'s personal decorations include:

 Bronze Star Medal
 Meritorious Service Medal
 Army Commendation Medal
 Army Achievement Medal
 Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal
 National Defense Service Medal
 Iraq Campaign Medal
 Global War on Terrorism Expeditionary Medal
 Global War on Terrorism Service Medal
 Army Service Ribbon
 Presidential Unit Citation

Political campaigns

2006 election

In 2005, <mask> decided to challenge Republican incumbent Representative Mike Fitzpatrick in Pennsylvania's 8th congressional district as a Fighting Dem, building his campaign around "Murphy Plans" for Iraq, ethics reform, online protection, and a GI Bill of Rights. On May 16, 2006, he won the Democratic primary with about 65% of the vote, against Andrew Warren, a former county commissioner and ex-Republican who badly trailed <mask> in campaign funds. Polls taken in October 2006 generally showed a tight race between <mask> and Fitzpatrick. On election day, <mask>'s campaign, led by campaign manager Scott Fairchild and GOTV Director Brent Welder, engaged in a massive get-out-the-vote effort with over 2000 volunteers knocking on 160,000 doors.The resulting high turnout in Democratic lower Bucks County and Philadelphia, combined with surprisingly strong returns for <mask> in Republican upper Bucks County, was enough to push <mask> over Fitzpatrick 125,656 to 124,138. <mask> narrowly lost the Bucks County portion of the district (116,669 to 115,645), but decisively won the Philadelphia County portion (6,024 to 5,048) and the Montgomery County portion (3,987 to 2,421). Overall, he received 50.3% of the vote. <mask> was helped by a large national Democratic "wave" that swept 31 new Democrats into Congress, enabling the Democrats to win control of the U.S. House for the first time since 1994. <mask> was only the third Democrat elected to represent Bucks County in American history. He was the first since Peter Kostmayer lost re-election in 1992. 2008 election

<mask> faced Republican Tom Manion, a retired Marine Corps Reserve Colonel and executive at Johnson & Johnson, as well as independent Tom Lingenfelter.Significant national attention was drawn to the race because of both candidates' connections to the Iraq War. <mask> was a strong critic of Bush's war strategy, while Manion, whose son (1st Lt Travis Manion, USMC) was killed in Iraq in April 2007, supported the Iraq War Surge. Congressman <mask> won election to a second term with 57 percent of the vote. He won re-election to a second term by increasing his margin in Democratic Lower Bucks County while at the same time winning many rural townships in Upper Bucks and keeping his margin down in Central Bucks. During the campaign, <mask> received support from many nationally known figures including George Clooney, Scarlett Johansson, and Ben Affleck. 2010 election

<mask> was defeated by Republican nominee and former U.S. Congressman Mike Fitzpatrick, whom <mask> had previously defeated in 2006.<mask> lost to Fitzpatrick by 7 points. 2012 Pennsylvania Attorney General race
On April 20, 2011, <mask> announced his candidacy for Attorney General of Pennsylvania. His announcement was accompanied by over thirty endorsements from prominent elected officials and organizations across the state. On January 14, 2012 the Pennsylvania Democratic State Committee met in State College to determine its statewide endorsements for the 2012 primary season. No candidate got the two-thirds majority necessary to be endorsed by the state party, but <mask> led on both ballots, winning 161 votes (50.6 percent) on the first ballot and 191 votes (60.4 percent) on the second ballot. The political website PoliticsPA reported that "<mask>'s strong performance can be credited to years of ground work and party building; many members spoke of times that he had visited their counties and supported their local party." <mask> was nominated by Montgomery County chairman Marcel Groen.On April 24, 2012, <mask> was defeated 53-47 by Kathleen Kane in the primary election for Pennsylvania Attorney General. He did well in the Philadelphia area and the City of Pittsburgh but lost much of the rest of the Central and Southwestern parts of the state. U.S. House of Representatives

During his time in Congress, <mask> served on the House Armed Services Committee and was on the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence; he later became a member of the Appropriations Committee. <mask> was a member of the Blue Dog Coalition, a group of moderate to conservative Democratic representatives. In 2008, he was not only one of the first members of Congress to support then Senator Obama; he was the first to actually campaign for him. <mask> opposed the Iraq War troop surge of 2007. He was a cosponsor, with Senator Barack Obama and Congressman Mike Thompson (D-CA), of the Iraq War De-Escalation Act of 2007, which aimed to develop a plan to redeploy American troops out of Iraq starting May 1, 2007.The bill was incorporated into the 2008 National Defense Authorization Act, but was vetoed by President George W. Bush. On February 13, 2008, he was the only member of the House to vote against a resolution congratulating the New York Giants for the team's victory in Super Bowl XLII. "As a former 700-level security guard and lifelong Eagles fan, I couldn't, in good conscience, vote for the New York Giants ... The only thing worse would have been a resolution honoring the Dallas Cowboys", <mask> stated. In the 2007 congressional vote rankings by the non-partisan National Journal, <mask> scored a 56.5 liberal rating and a 43.5 conservative rating, which is considered "centrist" in the Journal's rankings. In July 2009, <mask> became the lead advocate for a bill that would repeal the Defense Department's Don't Ask, Don't Tell policy concerning open gays in the armed forces. In 2008 and 2009, <mask> spearheaded an effort to build the Washington Crossing National Cemetery in Bucks County, Pennsylvania, after decades of Congressional inaction.The cemetery officially opened on December 7, 2009. In April 2010, the IMPROVE act (Improving Medicare Policy for Reimbursements through Oversight and Efficiency) was signed into law. <mask> authored the bi-partisan bill to help eliminate fraud in the health care system and protect taxpayer dollars. The IMPROVE act was endorsed by the AARP, the National District Attorneys Association, the Credit Union National Association, and the American Bankers Association

In May 2010, the Officer Daniel Faulkner Children of Fallen Heroes Scholarship Act of 2010 passed the house. <mask> sponsored the bill which would assist children whose parent or guardian died as a result of performing service as a law enforcement officer, firefighter, or member of a rescue squad or ambulance crew. Voting record

Abortion
<mask> supports abortion rights. He garnered a 100% rating from NARAL and "supported the interests of Planned Parenthood 100 percent in 2008."Consumer protection
<mask> authored the Student Credit Card

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 Transparency Act of 2009 which said students can be taken advantage of by credit card companies. The bill accomplished this goal by requiring universities and credit card companies to disclose contracts for student credit cards. <mask> garnered significant praise for his support of the creation of a Consumer Financial Protection Bureau in the face of significant special interest opposition. <mask>'s office worked with the Secret Service to secure hundreds of thousands of dollars for victims of the Bernie Madoff Ponzi scheme. <mask> received national praise for his efforts on behalf of Madoff's victims. Don't Ask Don't Tell
<mask> was a leader in the effort to repeal the military's "Don't ask, don't tell" policy that removed 13,000 service members from the American military for their sexual orientation. <mask> worked tirelessly to convince fellow moderate Democrats to support the issue despite the political risk involved.<mask> was quoted in The Advocate as saying: “I’m a nice guy, but I’m not in this to make friends. I’m in this to make public policy to make our military stronger and keep our families safe at home. We have paratroopers going down in Baghdad who do not have Arabic translators to back them up because Congress 16 years ago didn’t have the guts to do what’s right. He introduced a bill in the House to repeal Don't Ask, Don't Tell on December 14, 2010. The bill was approved in a strong bipartisan vote of 250-175 in the House, with the support of 15 House Republicans, including <mask>'s home-state colleagues Todd Platts and Charlie Dent. Economy
<mask> voted for American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009. Fiscal responsibility
In July 2010, the Improper Payments Elimination and Recovery Act was signed into law by President Obama.Congressman <mask> introduced the original bill in 2007, and partnered with Democrats and Republicans alike to get the bill passed. The bill enacted stricter standards among federal agencies to identify improper payments and recover taxpayer dollars that were misspent. By holding government agencies accountable, the law helped eliminate a significant portion of the $98 billion in wasteful government spending each year. The IPERA has cut Medicare errors in half, and has led to the recovery of over $2 billion in overpayments to contractors per year. In total, <mask>'s bill has saved taxpayers over $17 billion so far. The OMB projects that the IPERA will save $50 billion over five years. Gun rights
<mask> has a permit to carry concealed firearms and considers the right to bear arms is guaranteed by the Second Amendment to the United States Constitution, but with regulation.In 2007, he co-sponsored legislation that would re-authorize a Federal ban on assault weapons. The following year he signed onto H.R. 861, a bill to establish national concealed-carry reciprocity. Also in 2008, <mask> was an original co-sponsor of legislation that would repeal the District of Columbia's ban on semi-automatic weapons and mandatory handgun registration. Health care
<mask> voted for the Affordable Health Care for America Act on November 7, 2009. <mask> authored the IMPROVE act (Improving Medicare Policy for Reimbursements through Oversight and Efficiency) to help eliminate fraud in the health care system and protect taxpayer dollars. The bill was signed into law in 2010.He co-authored the bill with a fellow Army JAG and congressman, Tom Rooney. Law enforcement
<mask> sponsored the Officer Daniel Faulkner Children of Fallen Heroes Scholarship Act of 2010 passed the House. Congressman <mask> sponsored the bill which would assist children whose parent or guardian died as a result of performing service as a law enforcement officer, firefighter, or member of a rescue squad or ambulance crew. <mask> voted to keep 150,000 police officers and firefighters on the job after their funding was threatened in 2010. In response to this vote, the President of the Philadelphia-area Fraternal Order of Police said: "It's thanks to <mask> and this measure that Pennsylvania cops can stay on the job, working to keep families safe"

Post-Congressional career
After being defeated for re-election in November 2010, <mask> became a partner at Philadelphia law firm Fox Rothschild in the litigation department and an adjunct professor at the Widener University School of Law. On April 26, 2011, <mask> was awarded the John F. Kennedy Jr. Award from the Brown University Democrats. In June 2011, President Obama appointed <mask> to the United States Military Academy's Board of Visitors.On March 20, 2013, <mask> made his first official appearance as an MSNBC contributor on The Rachel Maddow Show. <mask> served as an expert on American politics, international affairs and military issues. In 2016, <mask> was inducted into the inaugural class of the Army ROTC Hall of Fame, along with Colin Powell, George C. Marshall, and Mark Milley. <mask> serves on several boards, including the Independence Big Brothers and Big Sisters, the Widener University School of Law National Advisory Board, and he is the Vice-Chair of the Democratic National Committee Platform Committee. In 2020, the Student Veterans of America honored <mask> with the Eisenhower Distinguished Public Service Award. Department of the Army
<mask> was nominated for the position of Under Secretary of the Army by the President Obama on August 5, 2015. He was confirmed by voice vote on December 18, 2015, and was sworn into the post on January 4, 2016.Shortly after being sworn in as the Under Secretary of the Army, <mask> assumed the role of Acting Secretary of the Army. <mask> served in the role for five months while Eric Fanning awaited confirmation. During his tenure as Acting Secretary, <mask> developed a reputation for being a "Soldier's Secretary." He became well-known to soldiers for visiting units across the world, participating in physical training sessions, and for engaging them directly via social media and personally written army-wide emails. As the 32nd Under Secretary of the Army and Acting Secretary of the Army, he led the Army's 1.3 million employees and managed its $148 billion budget. On January 29, 2016, <mask> issued a formal directive opening all combat arms positions to females. He also doubled the maternity and paternity leave available to troops to 12 weeks and was instrumental in ending the ban on transgender people serving in the Army.After Fanning's confirmation, <mask> resumed his service as the Under Secretary of the Army. To better connect active troops and Veterans, <mask> worked with Under Secretary of Defense Peter Levine to allow 18.8 million honorably discharged Veterans to shop online at the Army and Air Force Exchange Service (AAFES). AAFES’s analysis projects total exchange sales increasing across of wide range of possibility, from a low of $226 million annually to a high of $1.13. billion This would generate $60 million to $108 million annually in added dividends to support MWR and quality of life programs, without any increase in taxpayer support of base stores. Military Healthcare Administration
<mask> adamantly campaigned to fight the stigma within the military associated with seeking mental health treatment. <mask>'s key mental health initiative was the development of multidisciplinary behavioral health teams to be embedded into Soldier work areas. The behavioral health teams streamlined mental health services for Soldiers and allowed mental health care providers to form close relationships with deployable unit leaders.As Secretary, <mask> oversaw the implementation of the world's largest intranet platform - Army Knowledge Online 2.0 - which allowed Soldiers to seamlessly access their medical records online. After leaving the Department of the Army, <mask> continued to advise corporations on ways to more efficiently and effectively deliver healthcare services to Veterans. In 2020, <mask> was named Chair of the Government Advisory Board for the Cerner Corporation, facilitating a partnership with the Departments of Defense and Veterans Affairs to modernize their electronic healthcare records. <mask> also serves as a strategic advisor to Northwell Health, the largest health provider for Veterans in New York State aside from the VA. Academia
<mask> served as a senior national security fellow at the Center For American Progress until his return to government service as Under Secretary of the Army. <mask> was a fellow with the Institute of Politics at the University of Chicago in Fall 2014. <mask> has served as an adjunct professor of law at Widener University in Pennsylvania, and as a professor of constitutional law at West Point.Personal life
<mask> married Jennifer Safford on June 17, 2006, they divorced in 2019. They have two children named Jack and Maggie. In 2010, <mask> was given the Fenn Award by the John F. Kennedy Presidential Library's New Frontier Award Committee. The award is presented to a distinguished young elected official in honor of Dan Fenn, the Kennedy Library's first director and a former member of President Kennedy's staff. On May 12, 2015, <mask> was a survivor of the derailment of an Amtrak train in Philadelphia. He suffered minor injuries, and was credited with assisting first responders in rescuing individuals trapped in his car. Several media outlets referred to his actions as "heroic".<mask> served as the host of Taking The Hill on MSNBC from 2013 to 2015. <mask> earned an international CLIO Award in October 2014 for his partnership with Grammy Award-winning band Imagine Dragons and the Wounded Warrior Project by highlighting positive veterans stories on their road to recovery on his MSNBC show. <mask> was featured prominently in the HBO documentary The Strange History of Don't Ask, Don't Tell. <mask> was included for his role in leading the effort to repeal the policy. He was also featured in the Discovery Channel documentary Taking The Hill, which told the story of the 50 veterans of the Global War on Terrorism who ran for Congress in 2006. Ben Affleck has credited <mask> for being a major inspiration for his portrayal of the character Stephen Collins in the 2009 movie State of Play. <mask> served as a military consultant for Thank You for Your Service (2017) and the upcoming Call of Duty film.<mask> authored an autobiography entitled Taking the Hill: From Philly to Baghdad to the United States Congress; it was published by Henry Holt and Co. (February 19, 2008);

References

External links

<mask> for Pennsylvania Attorney General

Profile at SourceWatch

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1973 births
21st-century American politicians
American military lawyers
United States Army personnel of the Iraq War
Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives
Judge Advocate General's Corps, United States Army
King's College (Pennsylvania) alumni
LGBT rights activists from the United States
Living people
Members of the United States House of Representatives from Pennsylvania
Military personnel from Philadelphia
Pennsylvania Democrats
People from Bucks County, Pennsylvania
Politicians from Philadelphia
The Judge Advocate General's Legal Center and School alumni
United States Army officers
United States Secretaries of the Army
United States Under Secretaries of the Army
University of Scranton alumni
Widener University Commonwealth Law School

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title: Ilie Cazac

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<mask> (born 1985, Tighina) is a former Moldovan tax inspector and political prisoner. He was arrested by representatives of the unrecognized Transnistria (the breakaway region of Moldova) in March 2010, being accused of high treason and espionage on behalf of Moldova. In February 2011, a court in Transnistria sentenced him to 14 years in prison. Among the institutions involved in his release in October 2011 were the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, Navanethem Pillay, World Organization Against Torture, Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), and the European Court of Human Rights. Biography

<mask> was a former employee of the Tighina-based Tax Inspectorate. He and his family live in Tighina town. <mask> was arrested by representatives of the so-called Ministry of Security of the breakaway republic of Transnistria on March 20, 2010, being accused of treason and espionage for Moldova.His family was not informed about his arrest and fate for two weeks. On April 21, 2010 Promo-LEX lodged the case of <mask> <mask> before the European Court of Human Rights. On June 15, 2010, the participants at the European Partnership Fair for Civil Society Organizations in Moldova, in Chişinău, agreed on a Resolution concerning the situation of <mask> <mask> and Ernest Vardanean. According to the World Organization Against Torture,

His parents, Stela Surchicean and Alexandru Viniţchi, began a hunger strike in front of the Russian Embassy in Chişinău, on June 12, 2011. They called on the government of the Russian Federation to intervene on behalf of their son. On June 22, 2011, it was reported that the Head of the OSCE Mission to Moldova, Philip Remler, met <mask> and confirmed that he was in good condition. Moldovan Prime Minister Vlad Filat met the mother of <mask>, Stela Surchicean, on June 22.The ambassador of the Russian Federation, Valeri Kuzmin, when contacted by <mask>'s parents, recommended that they address the authorities of Transnistria, rather than the international community. On June 25, 2010, the 14th day of the hunger strike, the mother of <mask> <mask> was admitted to the gastroenterology department of the Republican Hospital in Chişinău. Her husband, Alexandru Viniţchi, continued to protest outside the Russian Embassy; he said that he will stay there until he enters a coma. The parents decided to end hunger strike after his mother met with <mask> <mask> and talked for more than an hour and after the agreement from the separatist authorities to allow him to have his own defending lawyer. Stela Surchicean was accompanied by an OSCE representative who was not allowed to participate at the meeting. But the two parents cannot go back home in Bender because they feel in danger: "We were threatened in front of the OSCE representatives that if we go home we might end up in jail. Even if we have two houses in the Transnistrean region, we are now homeless."In December 2010, the Deputy Prime Minister for Reintegration Victor Osipov has called on the foreign partners involved in the Transnistria conflict settlement process to enhance efforts so as to release <mask> <mask> and Ernest Vardanean. Official letters to this effect were sent to the diplomats representing Russia, Ukraine, the United States, the European Union and the OSCE, Kazakhstan (which chairs the OSCE in 2010). A similar message was sent to the special representative of the Council of Europe, as this organization plays an important role in the protection of human rights in Europe. On February 9, 2011, as a result of a hidden trial, being deprived of elementary rights such as legal assistance and meetings with his relatives, <mask> was sentenced by the Supreme Court of the Transnistrian region to 14 years in prison. <mask> <mask> was subsequently transferred to the Tiraspol Penitentiary no.2, where he was detained in poor health. According to the World Organization Against Torture,

On July 17, 2011, the World Organization Against Torture issued a statement, expressing its concern about the physical and mental state of <mask> <mask>. His pardon request was rejected in August 2011.<mask> <mask> was released from prison in the evening of October 31, 2011. On November 2, 2011, Prime Minister Vlad Filat held a meeting with <mask> <mask>. On November 2, 2011, at the meeting with Cazacu, Navanethem Pillay said that the United Nations strongly backs the people detained in the Transnistrian region, noting that the United Nations had also advocated the release of <mask> <mask>. The UN High Commissioner for Human Rights noted that initially, the meeting was scheduled at the Tiraspol-based prison. Moldovan Prime Minister Vlad Filat said Igor Smirnov, Transnistria's separatist leader, freed Cazac as a result of ongoing negotiations about Moldova and Transnistria that include officials from Russia, the United States and the European Union. See also
 Human rights in Transnistria

References

External links
 Moldova: Parents of <mask> <mask> demand a Russian intervention for their son’s release
 The parents of <mask> <mask> risk entering a coma
 Promo-LEX expresses concern at the increasingly dramatic situation of the two political prisoners - <mask> <mask> and Ernest Vardanean
 A Moldovan citizen, <mask> <mask>, whom the Tiraspol breakaway authorities sentenced to 14 years of imprisonment, was released today, due to joint efforts by Moldova's leadership, government and national competent institutions, with the support of the international partners involved in the process of settling the conflict with the Transnistrian region. Radio Free Europe, Transnistria authorities free Moldovan man jailed for 'spying'
 Prime Minister Vlad Filat today held a meeting with a tax inspector of the Tighina Fiscal Inspectorate, <mask> <mask>, who had been unlawfully arrested by the state security ministry of the breakaway Transnistrian republic
 Ilie Cazac is free!Moldovan premier meets UN High Commissioner for Human Rights

1985 births
Living people
People from Bender, Moldova
Moldova State University alumni
Moldovan prisoners and detainees

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title: Niamh Cusack

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<mask> ( ; born 20 October 1959) is an Irish actress. Born to a family with deep roots in the performing arts, Cusack has been involved as a performer since a young age. She has served with the UK's two leading theatre companies, the  Royal Shakespeare Company and the Royal National Theatre and has performed in a long line of major stage productions since the mid-1980s. She has made numerous appearances on television including a long-running role as Dr. Kate Rowan in the UK series Heartbeat (1992–1995) which made her a household name and favourite. She has often worked as a voice actress on radio, and her film credits include a starring role in In Love with Alma Cogan (2011). Early life
The daughter of the Irish actor <mask>, she is the sister of <mask> and <mask>, and half-sister of <mask>. She has two brothers, <mask>, a television producer, and <mask>, Producer for the Royal National Theatre of Great Britain.<mask>'s husband is the actor Finbar Lynch; they have a son, Calam. Education
<mask> <mask> was educated bi-lingually through Irish and English in Dublin. Originally she trained as a professional flautist, winning a scholarship to study at the Royal Academy of Music, subsequently working as a freelance musician with the RTÉ National Symphony Orchestra and Concert Orchestra before winning a place at the Guildhall School of Music and Drama to train as an actress. Cusack left the school after one year without completing the course because she was offered her first professional acting job at the Gate Theatre in Dublin, playing the juvenile lead in their summer play. Acting career
Cusack was then offered the role of Irina in Kasparov Wrede's production of Three Sisters at Royal Exchange, Manchester, before playing Desdemona in the Royal Shakespeare Company production of Othello opposite Ben Kingsley and Juliet in Romeo and Juliet opposite Sean Bean. Cusack came to the wider public's attention when she starred as Dr. Kate Rowan in the popular 1990s television drama series Heartbeat (1992–1995), set in the 1960s in the North Riding of Yorkshire. Her character died from leukaemia in series 5 leaving her policeman husband Nick, played by Nick Berry, a widower.She had decided to leave the show after becoming pregnant. <mask> was nominated in the category of Best Actress in a TV Drama in 2004 at the Irish Television and Film awards IFTA for her role in the Cartlon Television TV film Too Good to be True. Niamh was nominated for a Whatsonstage.com Award in 2012 in the Best Supporting Actress in a Play category for her role in Playboy of the Western World at the Old Vic. In January 2013, she was nominated for a BBC Audio Drama Award in the Best Supporting Actress category for The Man with Wings by Rachel Joyce, produced by Gordon House, Goldhawk Essential Productions for Radio 4. <mask> played Molly Bloom in James Joyce's Ulysses for BBC Radio 4 which aired a new 9-part adaptation dramatised by Robin Brooks, produced and directed by Jeremy Mortimer. The series began on Bloomsday (16 June) 2012. In 1989 Cusack took the part of an actress, Valerie Saintclair, in the ninth episode of the first series of Agatha Christie's Poirot entitled The King of Clubs.Other television acting credits also include Christine Fletcher in Always and Everyone (1999–2002), a British accident and emergency medical series alongside Martin Shaw; Grace Haslett in the miniseries State of Mind alongside Andrew Lincoln; Julie Flynn in the one off drama Rhinoceros alongside Robson Green and the small but important role of Beatrix Potter in the TV series The World of Peter Rabbit and Friends (1992–1995). She played Wodehouse's Bobbie Wickham in the ITV series Jeeves and Wooster (1990–1993). She played a character in an Agatha Christie's Marple series ("4:50 from Paddington", 2004), and has starred in episodes of Midsomer Murders (2008) and A Touch of Frost (2009) and the film The Closer You Get (2000), alongside Sean McGinle, for which she was nominated for an IFTA Award for Best Supporting Actor in a Film. Cusack starred opposite Sean Bean in the 1986 RSC production of Romeo and Juliet. Throughout the 1990s Cusack worked regularly on the London stage in a series of leading roles including Nora Clitheroe in Sam Mendes's acclaimed production of The Plough and the Stars (Young Vic) opposite Judi Dench, Rosalind in As You Like It (Barbican), Flora in Tom Stoppard's Indian Ink (Aldwych) and The Maids (Donmar Warehouse). In the summer of 2003, she appeared as Portia in Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice at the Chichester Festival Theatre, directed by Gale Edwards. In 2004, Cusack joined the National Theatre for a stage adaptation (by Nicholas Wright) of Philip Pullman's His Dark Materials as Serafina Pekkala.The production also featured Anna Maxwell Martin, Ben Wishaw and Patricia Hodge. In 2007, <mask> returned to National Theatre to appear in Victoria Benedictsson's The Enchantment, and played Alison Ellis in Crestfall by Mark O'Rowe at Theatre503. In 2009, she played Maggie in the first major revival in London of Brian Friel's multi award-winning Dancing at Lughnasa alongside her husband Finbar Lynch at the Old Vic. In 2010, she played Catherine Dickens in Andersen's English, a play by Sebastian Barry. In 2011, she appeared in The Painter by Rebecca Lenkiewicz, opposite Toby Jones and followed it with the role of Edith Davenport in Cause Célèbre by Terence Rattigan and The Widow Quin in The Playboy of the Western World by J.M. Synge, both at the Old Vic. In August 2012, <mask> <mask> rejoined the National Theatre to create the role of Siobhan in the world première of the stage adaptation of Mark Haddon's book The Curious Incident of a Dog in the Night-Time adapted by Simon Stephens and directed by Marianne Elliott.The show premièred on 2 August 2012. It also starred Luke Treadaway as Christopher, Nicola Walker as his mother Judy, Paul Ritter as his father Ed and Una Stubbs as Mrs. Alexander. The production, which ran until late October 2012, was broadcast live to cinemas worldwide on 6 September 2012 through the National Theatre Live programme. The nominations for the 2013 Olivier Awards, which recognise excellence in professional productions staged in London, were announced on 26 March 2013; The Curious Case of the Dog in the Night-Time secured the most nominations with eight, including Best New Play, Best Director (Elliott), Best Actor (Treadaway), Best Actress in a Supporting Role, and other categories including Best Set Design, Best Lighting Design, Best Sound Design and Best Choreographer. The show transferred to the Apollo Theatre in Shaftesbury Avenue, London on 1 March 2013 with <mask> reprising her role of Siobhan. Following a period in film and television including the  films Testament of Youth, Departure, Chick Lit and The Ghoul and the television series Rebellion, Cusack returned to the London stage in 2016 as Paulina in The Winter's Tale at the Globe and Owen McCafferty's Unfaithful at Found 111 in the West End. In 2017, she was cast in the leading role of Lenú in the world première of the stage adaptation of the multi award-winning tetralogy of books My Brilliant Friend by Elena Ferrante at the Rose Theatre which transferred to the Olivier Theatre of the Royal National Theatre in 2019.In between the transfer in 2018, <mask> returned to the Royal Shakespeare Company in another leading role as Lady Macbeth opposite Christopher Eccleston which transferred to London's Barbican Theatre. In the first stage adaptation of Kazuo Ishiguro's novel Remains of the Day by Barney Norris, <mask> was cast as Miss Kenton, the role previously made famous on screen by Emma Thompson. During this busy period of theatre work, Cusack returned to the small screen as Janine in the acclaimed 4-part series The Virtues directed by Shane Meadows. In April 2020, Cusack was scheduled to make her long-awaited début at the Abbey Theatre in Brian Friel's Faith Healer opposite Aidan Gillen and directed by Joe Dowling. Due to COVID-19, the production has been temporarily postponed. Personal life
Cusack is married to the actor Finbar Lynch. They met when rehearsing in Dublin in the theatre production of Three Sisters in 1990.They have one son, actor Calam Lynch. <mask> is a keen athlete, has run the London Marathon for the charity St Joseph's Hospice in East London and cycles everywhere. Filmography
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%"
|- style="text-align:center;"
! colspan=4 style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Film
|- style="text-align:center;"
! style="background:#ccc;"| Year
! style="background:#ccc;"| Film
! style="background:#ccc;"| Role
!style="background:#ccc;"| Notes
|-
| 1988 || Paris by Night || Jenny Swanton ||dir. David Hare
|-
| 1990 || Fools of Fortune || Josephine ||dir. Pat O'Connor
|-
| 1992 || The Playboys || Brigid Maguire ||
|-
| 2000 || The Closer You Get || Kate || dir. Aileen Ritchie
|-
| 2007 ||  Matterhorn || Marie || Short film
|-
| 2009 || Five Minutes of Heaven || Alistair's Mum - 1975 ||dir. Oliver Hirschbiegel
|-
|rowspan=2|2010 || The Kid || 1980 school nurse ||
|-
|Hereafter || Marcus' foster mother || dir. Clint Eastwood
|-
| 2011 || In Love with Alma Cogan || Sandra ||dir. Tony Britten
|-
| 2012 || The Best of Men || Sister Edwards || dir.Tim Whitby
|-
| 2014 || Testament of Youth || Sister Jones ||dir. James Kent
|-
| 2015 || Departure (2015 film)|Departure || Sally ||
|-
|rowspan=2|2016|| Chicklit || Claire ||dir. Tony Britten
|-
| The Ghoul || Fisher ||dir. Gareth Tunley
|- style="text-align:center;"
|-
| 2020 || Returning || Mum || dir. Lucy Bridger
|-
| 2021 || The Little People || Maeve || dir. Jon Wright
|-
! colspan=4 style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Television
|- style="text-align:center;"
!style="background:#ccc;"| Year
! style="background:#ccc;"| Title
! style="background:#ccc;"| Role
!

masks:
Niamh Cusack
Cyril Cusack
Sinéad Cusack
Sorcha Cusack
Catherine Cusack
Paul Cusack
Pádraig Cusack
Cusack
Niamh
Cusack
Cusack
Cusack
Cusack
Niamh
Cusack
Cusack
Cusack
Cusack
Cusack


title: Hugh Lee Pattinson

texts:
<mask> FRS (25 December 1796 – 11 November 1858) was an English industrial chemist. He was also an entrepreneur, sharing the risk of major industrial developments with famous ironmaster Isaac Lowthian Bell and cable manufacturer Robert Stirling Newall. Although known in his time for his 1833 patent "An improved method for separating silver from lead", a process that bears his name, he is best remembered today for his daguerreotype photographs taken in 1840. Among these is the earliest known photograph of the Niagara Falls. Biography

<mask> was the son of <mask>, a shopkeeper in the country town of Alston, Cumberland, and his wife <mask>; they were Quakers. He was educated at local private schools. He was interested in science from an early age, doing experiments with electricity when he was 17, and also studying the chemistry of metals.He began his working life by helping his father in his shop in Alston. In around 1825 he worked for Anthony Clapham, a soap maker in Newcastle-upon-Tyne. In 1825 he became assay master (a tester of the purity of gold or silver coins) to the Greenwich Hospital Commissioners, back at Alston. In continuing experiments in metallurgy, he discovered the basis of his method of separating silver from lead in 1829, but had too little money to go any further. In 1831 he became works manager at Thomas Wentworth Beaumont's lead works. The greater income allowed him to continue his experiments on silver refining until he had a workable process. In 1834 he resigned from Beaumont's works, and with <mask> and George Burnett, set up a new chemical works at Felling, near Gateshead.It employed around 300 men. <mask> process

<mask> patented his process for enriching silver bearing lead in 1833. It exploited the fact that in molten lead containing traces of silver the first metal to solidify out of the melt is lead, leaving the remaining liquid richer in silver. <mask>'s equipment consisted basically of nothing more complex than a row of about 8–9 iron pots, which were heated from below. Some lead, naturally containing a small percentage of silver, was loaded into the central pot and melted. This was then allowed to cool. As the lead solidified, it was skimmed off and moved to the next pot in one direction, and the remaining metal which was now richer in silver was then transferred to the next pot in the opposite direction.The process was repeated from one pot to the next, the lead accumulating in the pot at one end and metal enriched in silver in the pot at the other. The level of enrichment possible is limited by the lead-silver eutectic and typically the process stopped around 600 to 700 ounces per ton (approx 2%), so further separation is carried out by cupellation. The patent process, known as pattinsonisation, earned <mask> £16,000 in royalties. The earlier process of "cupellation" had required at least 8 ounces (250 grams) of silver per ton of lead to be economic. Cupellation involved removing the lead from a silver-rich alloy by oxidising the lead to litharge, leaving the silver behind. <mask>'s process was economic with as little as 2 to 3 ounces (about 75 grams) of silver per ton. Daguerreotypes

In about 1840, <mask> travelled to Canada in the hope of setting up a mining business, stopping at the Niagara Falls long enough to make the earliest known photograph of the falls, a daguerreotype which survives (2009) in the collection of Newcastle University.It was once believed that the small figure standing silhouetted with a top hat was added by an engraver working from imagination as well as the daguerreotype as his source, but the figure is clearly present in the photograph. Because of the very long exposure required, of ten minutes or more, the figure is assumed by Canada's Niagara Parks agency to be <mask> himself. The image is left-right inverted, and taken from the Canadian side. <mask> made other photographs of the Horseshoe Falls as well as of Rome and Paris. These were then transferred to engravings to illustrate Noël Marie Paymal Lerebours' Excursions Daguerriennes (Paris, 1841–1864). Aside from being the first known photograph of the Falls, <mask>'s image is also the earliest known surviving photograph of any part of Canada, which wouldn't become a nation for another 27 years. Other inventions

In 1841 <mask> patented two other chemical processes, one for making lead carbonate, and the other for manufacturing "magnesia alba", a white magnesium oxide.In 1849 he patented his process for making a new white lead pigment, lead oxychloride. His lead oxychloride process became a profitable industrial reality in 1850, when <mask> and his partners (and sons-in-law) Isaac Lowthian Bell and Robert Benson Bowman established a chemical company at Washington, County Durham. Under an 1850 Indenture, Charles William Vane, Marquis of Londonderry, <mask> and Bell declared themselves "chemical manufacturers and co-partners in trade". Honours and achievements

In 1838 <mask> became vice-president of the chemical section of the British Association. He was a fellow of the Geological Society and also of the Royal Astronomical Society. <mask> was made a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) on 3 June 1852 for his metallurgical work. Family life

<mask> married Phoebe Walton on 25 December 1815, having been baptised by the vicar of Alston, Benjamin Jackson, as a member of the Church of England on 23 December 1815 in a public house, the Angel Inn at Alston, as Phoebe's family would not accept marriage to a "Quaker".He took his mother's surname <mask> at the baptism. <mask>'s three daughters married, respectively, the ironmaster Isaac Lowthian Bell, the bookseller and publisher Robert Benson Bowman, and the cable manufacturer Robert Stirling Newall. The brothers-in-law, and <mask> himself, shared several different business partnerships. In addition, all three brothers-in-law were members of Tyneside Naturalists' Field Club and the Natural History Society of Northumberland. He died on 11 November 1858. He was buried in Washington, County Durham churchyard. He was survived by his son, also named <mask>, and three daughters.Two other sons, Walter and Thomas, died before him. References

Bibliography

External links
 University of Cambridge: DSpace: <mask> <mask>
 Newcastle University: <mask> daguerrotypes
 Walrus Magazine: <mask>'s Daguerreotype of the Niagara Falls, 1840 (9 web pages on the discovery, <mask>, his images etc.) 1796 births
1858 deaths
19th-century English photographers
English metallurgists
Fellows of the Royal Society
Photographers from Northumberland

masks:
Hugh Lee Pattinson
Pattinson
Thomas Pattinson
Margaret Lee
John Lee
Pattinson
Pattinson
Pattinson
Pattinson
Pattinson
Pattinson
Pattinson
Pattinson
Pattinson
Pattinson
Pattinson
Pattinson
Pattinson
Pattinson
Pattinson
Lee
Pattinson
Pattinson
Hugh Lee
Hugh Lee
Pattinson
Pattinson
Pattinson
Pattinson


title: Elizabeth Cotten

texts:
<mask> "Libba<mask> (née Nevills) (January 5, 1893 – June 29, 1987) was an American blues and folk musician, singer, and songwriter. A self-taught left-handed guitarist, <mask> developed her own original style. She played a guitar strung for a right-handed player, but played it upside down, as she was left-handed. This position meant that she would play the bass lines with her fingers and the melody with her thumb. Her signature alternating bass style has become known as "Cotten picking". Early life
<mask> was born in 1893 to a musical family near Chapel Hill, North Carolina, in an area that would later be incorporated as Carrboro. Her parents were George Nevill (also spelled Nevills) and Louisa (or Louise) Price Nevill.<mask> was the youngest of five children. She named herself on her first day of school, when the teacher asked her name, because at home she was only called "Li'l Sis." By the age of 8, she was playing songs. At age 9, she was forced to quit school and began work as a domestic. At the age of 12, she had a live-in job at Chapel Hill. She earned a dollar a month, that her mother saved up to buy her first guitar. The guitar, a Sears and Roebuck brand instrument, cost $3.75 ().Although self-taught, she became proficient at playing the instrument, and her repertoire included a large number of rags and dance tunes. By her early teens, she was writing her own songs, one of which, "Freight Train", became one of her most recognized. She wrote the song in remembrance of a nearby train that she could hear from her childhood home. The 1956 UK recording of the song by Chas McDevitt and Nancy Whiskey was a major hit and is credited as one of the main influences on the rise of skiffle in the UK. Around the age of 13, <mask> began working as a maid along with her mother. On November 7, 1910, at the age of 17, she married <mask>. The couple had a daughter, Lillie, and soon after <mask> gave up guitar playing for family and church.<mask>, Frank and their daughter Lillie moved around the eastern United States for a number of years, between North Carolina, New York City, and Washington, D.C., finally settling in the D.C. area. When Lillie married, <mask> divorced Frank and moved in with her daughter and her family. Rediscovery
<mask> retired from playing the guitar for 25 years, except for occasional church performances. She did not begin performing publicly and recording until she was in her 60s. She was discovered by the folk-singing Seeger family while she was working for them as a housekeeper. While working briefly in a department store, <mask> helped a child wandering through the aisles find her mother. The child was Peggy Seeger, and the mother was the composer Ruth Crawford Seeger.Soon after this, <mask> again began working as a maid, this time for Ruth Crawford Seeger and Charles Seeger, and caring for their children, Mike, Peggy, Barbara, and Penny. While working with the Seegers (a voraciously musical family that included Pete Seeger, a son of Charles from a previous marriage), she remembered her own guitar playing from 40 years prior and picked up the instrument again and relearned to play it, almost from scratch. Later career and recordings
In the later half of the 1950s, Mike Seeger began making bedroom reel-to-reel recordings of <mask>'s songs in her house. These recordings later became the album Folksongs and Instrumentals with Guitar, which was released by Folkways Records. Since the release of that album, her songs, especially her signature song, "Freight Train" — which she wrote when she was a teenager — have been covered by Peter, Paul, and Mary, Jerry Garcia, Bob Dylan, Joe Dassin, Joan Baez, Devendra Banhart, Laura Gibson, Laura Veirs, His Name Is Alive, Doc Watson, Taj Mahal, Geoff Farina, and Country Teasers. Peggy Seeger took the song "Freight Train" with her to England, where it became popular in folk music circles. British songwriters Paul James and Fred Williams subsequently misappropriated it as their own composition and copyrighted it.Under their credit, it was then recorded by British skiffle singer Chas McDevitt, who recorded the song in December, 1956. Under advice from his manager (Bill Varley), McDevitt then brought in folk-singer Nancy Whiskey and re-recorded the song with her doing the vocal; the result was a chart hit. McDevitt's version influenced many young skiffle groups of the day, including The Quarrymen. Under the advocacy of the influential Seeger family, the copyright was eventually restored to <mask>. Nevertheless, it remains mis-credited in many sources. Shortly after that first album, she began playing concerts with Mike Seeger, the first of which was in 1960 at Swarthmore College. In the early 1960s, <mask> went on to play concerts with some of the big names in the burgeoning folk revival.Some of these included Mississippi John Hurt, John Lee Hooker, and Muddy Waters at venues such as the Newport Folk Festival and the Smithsonian Festival of American Folklife. The newfound interest in her work inspired her to write more songs to perform, and in 1967 she released a record created with her grandchildren, which took its name from one of her songs, "Shake Sugaree". The song featured 12-year-old Brenda Joyce Evans, <mask>'s great-grandchild, and future Undisputed Truth singer. Using profits from her touring, record releases and awards given to her for her own contributions to the folk arts, <mask> was able to move with her daughter and grandchildren from Washington, D.C., and buy a house in Syracuse, New York. She was also able to continue touring and releasing records well into her 80s. In 1984, she won the Grammy Award for Best Ethnic or Traditional Recording, for the album <mask> Live, released by Arhoolie Records. When accepting the award in Los Angeles, her comment was, "Thank you.I only wish I had my guitar so I could play a song for you all." In 1989, <mask> was one of 75 influential African-American women included in the photo documentary I Dream a World. <mask> died in June 1987, at Crouse-Irving Hospital in Syracuse, New York, at the age of 94. Guitar style
<mask> began writing music while toying with her older brother's banjo. She was left-handed, so she played the banjo in reverse position. Later, when she transferred her songs to the guitar, she formed a unique style, since on a 5-string banjo the uppermost string is not a bass string, but a short, high-pitched string which ends at the fifth fret. This required her to adopt a unique style for the guitar.She first played with the "all finger down strokes" like a banjo. Later, her playing evolved into a unique style of fingerpicking. Her signature alternating bass style is now known as "Cotten picking". Her fingerpicking techniques have influenced many other musicians. Discography

LPs
 Folksongs and Instrumentals with Guitar, Folkways Records (FG 3526), 1958
 Vol. 2: Shake Sugaree, Folkways Records (FTS 31003), 1967
 Vol. 3: When I'm Gone, Folkways Records (FA 3537), 1979

Recordings on CD
 Freight Train and Other North Carolina Folk Songs and Tunes, Smithsonian Folkways, 1958 (also known as Folksongs and Instrumentals with Guitar)
 Shake Sugaree, Smithsonian Folkways
 Live!, Arhoolie Records
 Vol.3: When I'm Gone, Folkways Records

Special collections
 Mike Seeger Collection (#20009), Southern Folklife Collection, The Wilson Library, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Filmography

Video and DVD
 Masters of the Country Blues: <mask> and Jesse Fuller. Yazoo, 1960. <mask> with Mike Seeger. Vestapool Productions, 1994. Legends of Traditional Fingerstyle Guitar. Cambridge, Mass.: Rounder Records, 1994. Mike Seeger and <mask>. Sparta, N.J.: Stefan Grossman's Guitar Workshop, 1991. Jesse Fuller and <mask>. Newton, N.J.: Yazoo Video, 1992. Me and Stella: A Film about <mask>. New Brunswick, N.J.: Phoenix Films and Video, 1976.John Fahey, <mask>: Rare Performances and Interviews. Vestapool Productions, 1969, 1994. Rainbow Quest with Pete Seeger. Judy Collins and <mask>. Shanachie Entertainment, 2005. Libba <mask>: An Interview and Presentation Ceremony. Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture, 1985.Homemade American Music. Aginsky Productions, 1980. <mask> in Concert, 1969, 1978, and 1980. Vetstapool Productions, 1969, 2003. The Guitar of <mask>. Sparta, N.J.: Stefan Grossman's Guitar Workshop, 2002. The Downhome Blues.Los Angeles: distributed by Philips Interactive Media, 1994. <mask> Portrait Collection. Public Broadcasting System, 1977–1985. Awards and honors
 In 1980, 1982, and 1987, <mask> was nominated for a Blues Music Award in the Traditional Blues Female Artist category. <mask> was a recipient of a 1984 National Heritage Fellowship awarded by the National Endowment for the Arts, which is the United States government's highest honor in the folk and traditional arts. In 1985, she won the Grammy Award in the Best Ethnic or Traditional Folk Recording category for <mask> Live! In 1986, she was nominated for a Grammy Award in the Best Traditional Folk Recording category for her 20th Anniversary Concert album.Further reading
 Bastin, Bruce (1986). Red River Blues. Chicago: University of Illinois Press. Cohen, John; Marcus, Greil (2001). There Is No Eye: John Cohen Photographs. New York: PowerHouse Books. Cohn, Lawrence (1993).Nothing but the Blues: The Music and the Musicians. New York: Abbeville Press. Conway, Cecilia (1995). African Banjo Echoes in Appalachia. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press. Escamilla, Brian (1996). Contemporary Musicians: Profiles of the People in Music.Vol. 16. Harris, Sheldon (1979). Blues Who's Who. New York: Da Capa Press. Hood, Phil (1986). Artists of American Folk Music: The Legends of Traditional Folk, the Stars of the Sixties, the Virtuosi of New Acoustic Music.New York: Quill. Santelli, Robert (2001). American Roots Music. New York: Harry N. Abrams. Seeger, Mike. Liner notes accompanying Freight Train and Other North Carolina Folk Songs and Tunes, by <mask>. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Folkways, 1989 reissue of the 1958 album Folksongs and Instrumentals with Guitar.Smith, Jessie Carney (1993). Epic Lives: One Hundred Black Women Who Made a Difference. Detroit: Visible Ink Press. Smith, Jesse Carney, ed. (1992). Notable Black American Women. Detroit: Gale Research.Wenberg, Michael (2002). Elizabeth's Song. (Children's book.) Hillsboro, Oregon: Beyond Words Publishing. References

External links

 <mask> discography at Smithsonian Folkways Recordings
 "Interview with Blues and Folk Singer <mask>" for the WGBH series Say Brother

 Clip of Cotten performing in 1969
 <mask>
 Elizabeth <mask> Freight Train
 North Carolina Highway Marker for <mask>

1893 births
1987 deaths
American blues guitarists
American blues singers
American women guitarists
American folk guitarists
American folk singers
20th-century African-American women singers
Blues revival musicians
National Heritage Fellowship winners
Singers from North Carolina
Grammy Award winners
People from Carrboro, North Carolina
Piedmont blues musicians
Musicians from Syracuse, New York
Culture of Syracuse, New York
African-American guitarists
20th-century American guitarists
Guitarists from North Carolina
20th-century American women singers
Arhoolie Records artists
Folkways Records artists
20th-century American singers
20th-century American women guitarists

masks:
Elizabeth
" Cotten
Cotten
Cotten
Elizabeth
Cotten
Frank Cotten
Elizabeth
Elizabeth
Elizabeth
Cotten
Cotten
Cotten
Cotten
Cotten
Cotten
Cotten
Cotten
Elizabeth Cotten
Cotten
Cotten
Cotten
Elizabeth Cotten
Elizabeth Cotten
Elizabeth Cotten
Elizabeth Cotten
Elizabeth Cotten
Elizabeth Cotten
Elizabeth Cotten
Cotten
Elizabeth Cotten
Elizabeth Cotten
Elizabeth Cotten
Cotten
Cotten
Elizabeth Cotten
Elizabeth Cotten
Cotten
Elizabeth Cotten
Elizabeth Cotten
Cotten
Elizabeth Cotten


title: Sarat Chandra Chakravarty

texts:
<mask> () was a direct householder disciple of Swami Vivekananda and was the chronicler of "Diary of a Disciple" () which is one of the major sources of first-hand information on Vivekananda's biography and teachings in the later stage of his life. <mask> was intimately connected with the Ramakrishna Order throughout his life, and even before the return of Swami Vivekananda from the West in 1897 he had been associated with the old monastery in Alambazar and with the direct disciples of Sri Ramakrishna. He was also a Sanskrit scholar and was a postmaster by profession in the British Government service. Early life
<mask> was born to <mask> and Vidhumukhi Devi in the village Kotapada in the district Faridpur in erstwhile Bengal province (now Bangladesh) on the Hindu holy day of Sivaratri on 21 February 1868. The parents were humble but pious and educated. <mask> was the eldest son of the family. His mother was well versed in scripture, and from his parents he got his interest in spirituality.He grew up as an orthodox Brahmin owing to the prevalent customs of the society. However, he was known to be kind and of charitable disposition at an early age. Education
In 1873, he passed school final examination. He loved Sanskrit most. In 1882, he passed entrance examination and earned a scholarship of Rs 10/-. He joined Jagannath College in Dhaka. His penned his first poem about this time, called Kavya Kusumanjali, in 1882-83.He passed First Arts (F.A) in 1883 and joined Metropolitan Institution run by Iswar <mask> Vidyasagar in Calcutta. Mahendranath Gupta, better known as "M", the author of The Gospel of Sri Ramakrishna was a teacher in this institute. However, there is no recorded history as to whether <mask> <mask> met "M" or any of the students of "M" who later became the direct disciples of Sri Ramakrishna, at this time. He passed Bachelor of Arts (B.A) with honours in Sanskrit. He was the first graduate from his village. Marriage and Career
<mask> <mask>, according to the prevalent norms and culture, was married to Mokshadayini, at an early age, and had a son and three daughters from the marriage. In order to support his family, he, side by side along with his pursuing of his education, became a private tutor of a local landlord.He bore the educational expenses of his brother Ramesh <mask>, who was also a brilliant student. Subsequently, after graduation he joined the Government service under the then British rule, as a Deputy Post Master and continued with the same profession for the rest of his life. His biographer states that he was unjustly denied promotion throughout his career by the British officials owing to his uprightness and dignity in not acceding to their whims. He began his career as Deputy Post Master at Barrackpore Post Office, page 24. During his service he had to work in many places in Bengal, Bihar and Orissa. Introduction to Ramakrishna Vivekananda ideology
<mask> <mask> came in contact with Durga Charan Nag, also called Nag Mahasaya, a foremost householder disciple of Sri Ramakrishna in the early stage of his career. The latter introduced him to the ideology of Sri Ramakrishna and took him to Dakshineswar temple and to Alambazar Math where he met many direct monastic disciples of Sri Ramakrishna, like Swami Brahmananda, Swami Turiyananda, Swami Ramakrishnananda, Swami Niranjanananda and Swami Premananda.He, being already well versed with Vedanta philosophy, was attracted by the holy life led by the monks, their erudition and their sincere aspiration after realization or direct perception of the Truth. He joined in the celebrations of the birth anniversaries of Sri Ramakrishna by the monks of the monastery and composed a hymn called Sri Ramakrishna Stavamala. Swami Vivekananda and his influence
<mask> <mask> met Swami Vivekananda in Priyanath Mukherjee's house in Baghbazar three or four days after the Swami set foot on Calcutta on 20 February 1897. Sarat was introduced to the Swami by Swami Turiyananda. Swami Vivekananda conversed with him in Sanskrit on Nag Mahasaya. After that he met Swami Vivekananda many times, initially in the Garden House of Gopal Lal Seal and Alambazar Math, and later in the newly established Belur Math, and became intimate with him who would affectionately call him as "Bangal", an epithet used for people from East Bengal. In May 1897 he was formally initiated by Swami Vivekananda.The Swami discoursed him on many topics of Vedanta. During the initial days of the Belur Math, <mask> <mask> attended many critical functions like the consecration of the Math premises with the urn containing the ashes of Sri Ramakrishna and the birthday celebration of Sri Ramakrishna in 1898. He was also well acquainted with the famous poet, playwright and a disciple of Sri Ramakrishna, Girish <mask>h. He composed a book of hymns in Sanskrit on Sri Ramakrishna during one of the birthday celebrations. He met Swami Vivekananda for the last time in June 1902, a week before the latter died. During this period he often cooked and discussed on many spiritual topics. Most of the conversations which are of interest to people interested in Vedanta philosophy and its interpretation by Swami Vivekananda, are captured in the Diary of a Disciple.He was also present when Ramakrishna Mission was formally founded in the house of Balaram Bose on 1 May 1897. Influence of Nag Mahasaya
The person who influenced <mask> <mask> most after Swami Vivekananda was Durga Charan Nag, a saint and a householder disciple of Sri Ramakrishna. <mask> <mask> also wrote the only biography on Nag Mahasaya, called Life of Nag Mahasaya. He was present by the bedside of Nag Mahasaya when the latter died.Life of Nag Mahasaya

Later years
In the course of his service, Sarat had to travel throughout the province of Bengal, and he spread the ideals of Ramakrishna and Vivekananda in the places that he visited. He retired in 1933 from Head Post Office in Cuttack, Orissa. <mask> <mask> composed Sri Ramakrishna Panchali based on the life of Sri Ramakrishna. The revolutionaries of Bengal, most famous among them being Subhas <mask> had read Swami Vivekananda's conversations with his disciple on spiritual matters and drew their inspiration from the book.The bard of Bengal Mukunda Das, a famous poet, ballad singer, patriot and lyricist, was a friend of <mask> <mask> and sang the songs composed by the latter during theatrical performances in the villages. Sarat also started many devotees' association, study circles, societies in Ramakrishna Vivekananda ideology, wherever he was posted during his service. He maintained close contact with the monks of the Belur Math. Sri Sarada Devi, the spiritual consort of Ramakrishna had stayed in his house in Burdwan. He also established the Ramakrishna Mission Ashrama in Midnapore, Bengal, in the house of the local landlord or Zamindar, during his stay in Midnapore as the chief executive of the Post Office there. Between 1914 and 1921 many direct disciples of Sri Ramakrishna visited his house. Among them were Golap Ma, Yogin Ma, Swami Subodhananda, Swami Adbhutananda, Swami Saradananda and Gauri Ma.After retirement in 1933 he spent several years in Calcutta, and he suffered from poor eyesight. He wrote a commentary on Brahma Sutras as he was directed by Swami Vivekananda to do so. The work was edited by Swami Shuddhananda, another direct disciple of Swami Vivekananda. The last four years of his life, from 1939 to 1942 were spent in Baharampur in Murshidabad district of Bengal and also in his native village. Many dignitaries and monks of Ramakrishna Order used to visit his house. His last few years were spent in silent contemplation and devotion to a marble plaque of Sri Ramakrishna presented to him by Swami Vivekananda. In spite of his ailments, he did not miss an opportunity to spread the message of Sri Ramakrishna and Vivekananda whenever he received an invitation to do so on special occasions like birth anniversaries.He suffered from asthma and died on 23 August 1942. References

Bibliography

External links
 Diary of a Disciple First Part
Diary of a Disciple Second Part
 Diary of a DisciplePDF
 Life of Nag Mahasaya

Ramakrishna
Disciples and friends of Swami Vivekananda
1868 births
1944 deaths
Scholars from West Bengal

masks:
Sarat Chandra Chakravarty
Sarat Chandra
Sarat Chandra
Ramkamal Chakravarty
Sarat Chandra
Chandra
Sarat
Chandra
Sarat
Chandra
Chandra
Sarat
Chandra
Sarat
Chandra
Sarat
Chandra
Chandra Ghos
Sarat
Chandra
Sarat
Chandra
Sarat
Chandra
Chandra Bose
Sarat
Chandra


title: Matt Bryant

texts:
<mask> (born May 29, 1975), nicknamed "<mask>", is a former American football placekicker. He played college football for the Baylor Bears, and was signed as an unrestricted free agent by the AFL's Iowa Barnstormers in 2000. A Pro Bowler with the Falcons in 2016, he has also been a member of the New York Giants, Frankfurt Galaxy, Indianapolis Colts, Miami Dolphins, Tampa Bay Buccaneers, and Florida Tuskers, and is the thirteenth most-accurate kicker in NFL history. Early years
<mask> was born in Orange, Texas. He played football and baseball at Bridge City High School in Bridge City, Texas and holds the record for the longest field goal. College career
After graduating from high school, <mask> attended Trinity Valley Community College in Athens, Texas where he was two-time NJCAA All-American and a member of the 1994 national championship team. He then signed with Oregon State University and later transferred to Baylor University, where he played in the 1997 and 1998 seasons and ranks seventh in the all-time scoring list with 105 points (21 field goals and 42 extra points).<mask>'s 21 field goals place him fifth in Bears history. He also set the school record with a 100 percent success rate when he made 42-of-42 extra points. After graduating from Baylor, <mask> went undrafted and worked at a pawn shop, then as a personal trainer. College statistics

Professional career

Iowa Barnstormers
After not being selected in the 1999 NFL Draft, <mask> signed with Iowa Barnstormers of the Arena Football League on November 17, 1999 after the 1999 season, but he was cut on April 4, 2000 before the regular season began. New York Giants
On January 9, 2002, <mask> signed with the NFL's New York Giants, who allocated him to the NFL Europe's Berlin Thunder on March 15. On March 30, the Thunder placed <mask> on injured reserve, and the Thunder cut <mask> on May 10. The Giants then reassigned <mask> to the Frankfurt Galaxy.<mask> never played for either NFL Europe team due to a quadriceps injury. 2002 season

On September 5, he made his NFL debut against the San Francisco 49ers. He converted two field goal attempts and one extra point attempt in the 16–13 loss. In Week 3, against the Seattle Seahawks, <mask> was named NFC Special Teams Player of the Week. In the 9–6 victory, he was responsible for all of the Giants' points on three field goals. In Week 11, against the Washington Redskins, <mask> earned another NFC Special Teams Player of the Week award by converting four field goals and an extra point in the 19–17 victory. In Week 17, he had a 39-yard game-winning field goal in overtime of the 10–7 victory over the Philadelphia Eagles.He converted 30-of-32 extra point attempts and 26-of-32 field goal attempts in his rookie season. He made his playoff debut in the Giants' 39–38 loss to the San Francisco 49ers. In the game, he converted five extra points and one of two field goal attempts. 2003 season

In the 2003 season, <mask> appeared in the first four games before suffering a hamstring injury. During that stretch, he converted an overtime game-winning field goal against the Washington Redskins in Week 3. He returned to the team in Week 11 against the Philadelphia Eagles. Overall, he appeared in 11 games and converted all 17 extra point attempts and made 11-of-14 field goal attempts.2004 season

On July 30, 2004, <mask> was cut by new coach Tom Coughlin. Indianapolis Colts and Miami Dolphins

<mask> signed with the Dallas Cowboys on August 17, 2004, and was cut on September 5, 2004. He later played one week with the Indianapolis Colts and then three weeks with the Miami Dolphins. On the season, he converted all 12 extra point attempts and three field goals on four attempts. Tampa Bay Buccaneers

2005 season

<mask> was signed as a free agent by the Tampa Bay Buccaneers prior to the 2005 season. In Week 16, against the Atlanta Falcons, he had a game-winning 41-yard field goal in overtime of the 27–24 victory. In the 2005 season, he appeared in 14 games and converted all 31 extra point attempts and 21-of-25 field goal attempts.<mask> and the Buccaneers made the playoffs where they were eliminated by the Washington Redskins in the Wild Card Round by a score of 17–10. 2006 season

On October 22, in Week 7, <mask> successfully converted a 62-yard field goal as time expired in Tampa Bay's 23–21 victory over the Philadelphia Eagles. In addition to the 62-yarder, he converted two other field goals and two extra points and earned his third career NFC Special Teams Player of the Week nomination. On October 23, in response to his 62-yard field goal, Mayor Pam Iorio declared October 23 to be "<mask> Day" in Tampa, Florida. In the 2006 season, <mask> appeared in all 16 games of the Buccaneers' 4–12 season. On the season, he converted 22-of-23 extra point attempts and 17-of-22 field goal attempts. 2007 season

In the 2007 season, <mask> appeared in all 16 games of the Buccaneers' 9–7 season and one playoff game.In Week 6, against the Tennessee Titans, he converted a game-winning 43-yard field goal with 11 seconds remaining in the 13–10 victory. On the season, he converted all 34 extra point attempts and 28-of-33 field goal attempts. In the Wild Card Round against the New York Giants, <mask> converted both extra point attempts in the 24–14 loss. 2008 season

In the 2008 season, <mask> appeared in all 16 games of the Buccaneers' 9–7 season. In Week 3, against the Chicago Bears, he had a game-winning 21-yard field goal in overtime of the 27–24 victory. In Week 4, against the Green Bay Packers, <mask> earned his fourth career NFC Special Teams Player of the Week nomination. In the 30–21 victory, he converted three field goal attempts and three extra point attempts.On the season, he converted 35-of-36 extra point attempts and 32-of-38 field goal attempts. For the first time in his NFL career, he finished in the top five players in total scoring (fourth place with 131 points). On September 5, 2009, the Buccaneers released <mask> and replaced him with Mike Nugent. Florida Tuskers
Prior to the start of the 2009 season, the Florida Tuskers of the United Football League signed <mask> to a contract. Atlanta Falcons

2009 season

<mask> was signed by the Atlanta Falcons on December 1, 2009, to replace veteran Jason Elam. He appeared in five games of the Falcons' 9–7 season. In Week 14, against the New Orleans Saints, he had his best scoring performance of the season.In the 26–23 loss, he converted all three field goal attempts and both extra point attempts. On the season, he converted all 10 extra point attempts and 7-of-10 field goal attempts. 2010 season

In the 2010 season, <mask> appeared in all 16 games of the Falcons' 13–3 season and one playoff game. In Week 4, against the San Francisco 49ers, <mask> earned his fifth career NFC Special Teams Player of the Week nomination. In the 16–14 victory, he converted three field goal attempts and one extra point attempt. The last of the three field goals was a go-ahead 43-yard attempt that left only two seconds remaining. In Week 12, against the Green Bay Packers, <mask> converted a go-ahead 47-yard field goal with only nine seconds remaining in the 20–17 victory.On the season, he converted all 44 extra point attempts and 28-of-31 field goal attempts. For the second time in his career, he finished in the top five players in scoring with 128 points scored. In the Divisional Round of the playoffs, <mask> converted all three extra points in the 48–21 loss to the Green Bay Packers. 2011 season

In the 2011 season, <mask> appeared in all 16 games of the Falcons' 10–6 season. In Week 4, against the Seattle Seahawks, he had his best scoring performance of the season. He converted all three field goal attempts and all three extra point attempts in the 30–28 victory. On the season, he converted all 45 extra point attempts and 27-of-29 field goal attempts.2012 season

In the 2012 season, <mask> appeared in all 16 games of the Falcons' 13–3 season and two playoff games. In the season opener against the Kansas City Chiefs, he converted all four field goal attempts and all four extra point attempts in the 40–24 victory. In Week 4, against the Carolina Panthers, he converted a game-winning 40-yard field goal with five seconds remaining to win 30–28. In Week 6, against the Oakland Raiders, he converted a game-winning 55-yard field goal with one second remaining to help the Falcons win 23–20. On the season, he converted all 44 extra point attempts and 33-of-38 field goal attempts. He finished a then career-best third in the league in scoring with 143 points scored. In the 2012 Divisional Round of the playoffs against the Seattle Seahawks, <mask> kicked a game-winning 49-yard field goal to send the Falcons to the NFC Championship Game with a 30–28 victory.In the NFC Championship, he converted three extra point attempts and one field goal attempt as the Falcons fell 28–24 to the San Francisco 49ers. 2013 season

In the 2013 season, <mask> appeared in all 16 games of the Falcons' 4–12 season. One highlight in the season for <mask> was in Week 13 against the Buffalo Bills. He converted a 36-yard game winning field goal in overtime of the 34–31 victory. On the season, he converted all 39 extra point attempts and 24-of-27 field goal attempts. 2014 season

In the 2014 season, <mask> appeared in all 16 games of the Falcons' 6–10 season. On September 7, 2014, in the season opener, <mask> became the fourth player in NFL history to kick a 50+yard field goal with less than a minute remaining in regulation to force overtime in addition to converting a 50+ game-winning field goal in a 37–34 overtime victory against the New Orleans Saints at the Georgia Dome.In recognition of his performance, he was named as the NFC Special Teams Player of the Week for the sixth time in his career. On September 18, in a 56–14 victory over the Tampa Bay Buccaneers on Thursday Night Football, he converted a career-high eight extra points on eight attempts in Week 3. On November 9, in the other divisional game against the Buccaneers in Week 10, <mask> was four-for-four on field goals. He also made two extra points which pushed him over the 600 point mark (601), making him the second player in Atlanta Falcon history to reach 600 points. On November 16, in Week 11 against the Carolina Panthers, <mask> was four-of-four on field goals again. This marked the tenth time in his career that he made four field goals in a single game. On November 30, against the Arizona Cardinals, <mask> connected on a career-high five field goals on five attempts in Week 13.Along with two extra points in the game, he had a career-high 17 points scored. On the season, he converted all 40 extra point attempts and 29-of-32 field goal attempts. In recognition of his successful 2014 season, <mask> was named to Pro Football Focus's First-Team. 2015 season

In the offseason, the Falcons signed <mask> to a three-year contract extension. In the 2015 season, <mask> appeared in 10 games of the Falcons' 8–8 season. On September 14, 2015, <mask> kicked a game-winning 47-yard field goal in the season opener against the Philadelphia Eagles on Monday Night Football. He was responsible for 14 total points scored in the 26–24 win.On October 11, 2015, in Week 5, <mask> only connected on two of his four field goal attempts against the Washington Redskins. His streak of 28 straight made field goals was the second-longest in team history behind his stretch of 30 consecutive field goals between 2010 and 2011. In addition, his streak of consecutive field goals made inside 50 yards ended at 46 straight. On October 15, 2015, in Week 6, <mask> connected on all three of his extra point attempts against the New Orleans Saints, becoming the second player in franchise history to eclipse 700-career points joining kicker Morten Andersen (806). On December 11, 2015, <mask> was placed on injured reserve with a quad injury. The Falcons signed Shayne Graham to finish up the season in place of <mask>. On the season, he appeared in ten games and converted all 26 extra point attempts and 14-of-18 field goal attempts.2016 season

In the 2016 season, <mask> appeared in all 16 games of the Falcons' 11–5 season and all three playoff games. In Week 8, against the Green Bay Packers, he converted three extra point attempts and two field goal attempts in the 33–32 victory. In the game, he passed Morten Andersen for the franchise record for career points scored with his 807th point scored. <mask> was named NFC Special Teams Player of the Month for October after converting 11-of-12 field goals and all 17 extra points. In Week 16, in the 33–16 victory over the Carolina Panthers on Christmas Eve, he converted four of five field goal attempts and three extra point attempts. For the seventh time in his NFL career, he was named as the NFC Special Teams Player of the Week. On the season, he converted 56-of-57 extra point attempts and 34-of-37 field goal attempts.In all, he was responsible for a career-high and league-high 158 points scored for the Falcons in 2016. It was the first time in <mask>'s career that he won the scoring title. In the Divisional Round of the playoffs against the Seattle Seahawks, he converted all four extra point attempts and both field goal attempts in the 36–20 victory. In the NFC Championship, in the final NFL game at the Georgia Dome, he converted five of six extra point attempts and one field goal attempt in the 44–21 victory over the Green Bay Packers. <mask> appeared in his first career Super Bowl in Super Bowl LI against the New England Patriots. He became the third-oldest player in NFL history to appear in a Super Bowl, behind <mask> and Jeff Feagles. Late in the fourth quarter of the game, the Patriots trailed 28–20 and the Falcons had the ball on the New England 23-yard line.Well-within <mask>'s field goal range, quarterback <mask> took a 12-yard sack, and they lost 10 more yards on the next play due to a holding penalty from offensive lineman <mask>. The drawbacks forced the Falcons to punt and prevented <mask> from potentially putting the Falcons up two possessions late in the fourth quarter. The Falcons went on to lose 34–28 in overtime. <mask> converted all four of his extra point attempts in the Super Bowl. In recognition of his successful season, <mask> earned a Pro Bowl nomination for the first time in his career and Pro Football Focus named him to their Second-Team. 2017 season

In Week 2, in the 34–23 victory over the Green Bay Packers, <mask> recorded a 51-yard field goal in the second quarter for the first field goal in the history of the new Mercedes-Benz Stadium. In the game, he converted all four extra point attempts and both field goal attempts.In the same game, <mask> became the first player in franchise history to convert 200 field goals. In Week 14, in the 20–17 victory over the New Orleans Saints, <mask> scored his 1,000th career point. In Week 17, <mask> went 5-for-5 on field goals, including a 56-yarder, in a 22–10 win over the Carolina Panthers, clinching a playoff spot for the Falcons, earning him NFC Special Teams Player of the Week. In the 2017 season, <mask> converted all 35 extra point attempts and 34 of 39 field goal attempts. In the Wild Card Round of the playoffs, <mask> converted all four field goal attempts and both extra point attempts in the 26–13 victory over the Los Angeles Rams. 2018 season

On March 5, 2018, <mask> signed a three-year contract extension with the Falcons through the 2020 season. In the season opener against the Philadelphia Eagles on Thursday Night Football, <mask> missed his first extra point attempt on the season but converted two field goals in the 18–12 loss.In the next five games, he converted all 16 extra point attempts and all seven field goal attempts. In the Week 6 against the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, he suffered a hamstring injury after converting a 57-yard field goal to help seal the game. He was forced to sit out the next week's game against the New York Giants. He finished the 2018 season converting 33 of 35 extra point attempts and 20 of 21 field goal attempts. On February 6, 2019, <mask> was released by the Falcons after ten seasons. 2019 season

On August 31, 2019, <mask> re-signed with the Falcons on a one-year, $3 million deal following preseason struggles by Giorgio Tavecchio and Blair Walsh. He was released on October 29, 2019.He finished the 2019 season converting 14 of 15 extra point attempts and nine of 14 field goal attempts. NFL career statistics

Personal life
<mask> participated in 2002 United Way Hometown Huddle by conducting a football clinic at the Highbridge Center for members of Alianza Dominicana, a local United Way agency that services families in Washington Heights. He visited the Keller Army Community Hospital at West Point to participate in the Foundation for Hospital Art's Paintfest 2003. <mask> drinks a chocolate milkshake on the night before each of his football games. He also is known for squeezing his size 10.5 foot into a size 9 kicking shoe for games, believing that curling his foot to strike the ball in the same way that someone makes a fist with his hand before punching increases his distance and accuracy. <mask> is married to Melissa. The couple has seven children and they reside in Orange Beach, Alabama.On September 24, 2008, their youngest son Tryson died in his sleep, age three months, apparently from sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Despite that tragedy, a day after his son's funeral, he returned to play and kicked three field goals for the team to beat the Green Bay Packers, having kicked the game-winning field goal the week before against Chicago Bears in overtime. After the season, <mask> and Melissa established the <mask>son <mask> Foundation to raise awareness for SIDS. Proceeds go to the March of Dimes. In 2009, <mask> was inducted into the Museum of the Gulf Coast, in the museum's Sports Hall of Fame. In the 2015 offseason, <mask> gave some time to families from TAPS (Tragedy Assistance Program for Survivors), a national non-profit that provides care for families that have lost loved ones that served in the armed forces. He gave them a tour of downtown Atlanta and hosted them to dinner.References

External links
 Atlanta Falcons bio

1975 births
Living people
American football placekickers
Atlanta Falcons players
Baylor Bears football players
Florida Tuskers players
Indianapolis Colts players
Miami Dolphins players
New York Giants players
Oregon State Beavers football players
People from Bridge City, Texas
People from Orange, Texas
Players of American football from Texas
Tampa Bay Buccaneers players
Trinity Valley Cardinals football players
National Conference Pro Bowl players
People from Orange Beach, Alabama
Iowa Barnstormers players
Frankfurt Galaxy players
Berlin Thunder players
Dallas Cowboys players

masks:
Steven Matt Bryant
Money Matt
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Matt Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Matt Stover
Bryant
Matt Ryan
Jake Matthews
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant
Matt
Matt
Matthew Try
Bryant
Bryant
Bryant


title: Hazel Wood Waterman

texts:
<mask> (1865–1948) was an early 20th century American architect working in an Arts and Crafts—inspired style in southern California. She undertook the first major renovation of Estudillo House, which is one of the oldest surviving examples of Spanish architecture in California. Personal life and education
<mask> was born on May 5, 1865, in Tuskegee, Alabama. In the early 1880s, her father, <mask>, moved his family to Oroville, California. In 1882–3, while studying art at the University of California, Berkeley, <mask> met her future husband, <mask>, whose father was former California governor <mask>. <mask> and Waldo married in 1889, after which they moved to Cuyamaca, where Waldo was a mine supervisor. In 1891, they moved to San Diego, where Waldo got a job with a railroad.The couple had three children: <mask>, Helen Gardner, and Waldo Dean. They joined the local College Graduate Club, through which they made the acquaintance of several people who would later be of great importance to <mask> in her career, notably the architects Irving Gill and William S. Hebbard, landscape designer Kate Sessions, and local businessman Julius Wangenheim. In 1900, <mask> and Waldo hired Gill to build them a house, and the resulting "Granite Cottage" was a Tudor-inspired building combining a granite lower story with a half-timbered upper story. <mask> helped to plan the room designs right down to details such as window frames. Gill was impressed with <mask>'s ideas and thought she had a "natural talent" for architecture. Certainly she enjoyed the experience enough that she wrote an article about it in 1902 for House Beautiful magazine. It is clear from her description that she was strongly drawn to the American Craftsman aesthetic of natural materials and unornamented forms deployed to harmonize with the surrounding landscape.Like other women architects of the day, she paid special attention to labor-saving features. <mask>'s life changed dramatically in 1903, when Waldo died of pneumonia, leaving the family in difficult financial straits. <mask> started studying architectural drafting via a correspondence course offered by the International Correspondence School. Gill helped out by giving her lessons in perspective drawing at his office in off hours. In 1904, she was hired by Gill's firm, Hebbard and Gill, to do architectural drawings on cloth, and she was allowed to work at home. She also attended local lectures on the Arts and Crafts movement, and her own mature aesthetic would draw on both Gill's Prairie School—inspired modernism and the American Craftsman style. Career
After training with Gill, <mask> wanted to go out as an architect on her own, and Gill helped her to do this.Her first commission came in 1905 from two of his former clients, the San Diego socialite Alice Lee (after whom Theodore Roosevelt named his eldest daughter) and her companion Katherine Teats. Lee wanted <mask> to design a group of three houses near Balboa Park, and she asked Gill if he would serve as the architect of record on the project while having <mask> do the actual design work. Gill agreed to this and supported the inexperienced <mask> by supervising her work. Waterman sited the houses in a U shape, giving them a common garden that was designed by Kate Sessions. The Lee-Teats house was completed in the Prairie style, similar to Gill's other projects at this time. Through her influence of Californian missions, her 1910 Estudillo House restoration showed the Mexican influence in her architecture. In 1906, <mask> opened her own office, though she retained close ties to Gill throughout her career.For the first five years or so, she mainly designed Arts and Crafts style residences, many of them expressing her preference for designs that blended indoors with outdoors. In 1911, she received her first non-residential commission, a new building for the Wednesday Club of San Diego (of which she was a longstanding member). For this building, she extended her style to include elements—especially stucco—paying homage to the region's Spanish architecture. <mask>'s most famous solo commission came in 1910 from businessman John D. Spreckels to restore Estudillo House in Old Town, San Diego. Estudillo House was one of the oldest surviving examples of Spanish architecture in California, and it had gained some national fame a generation earlier by being associated with Helen Hunt Jackson's 1884 bestseller Ramona. Waterman worked with historical records in determining what materials should be used in the restoration and what the final plan of the rooms and gardens should be, while also trying to satisfy Spreckels's desire for a renovation that would make it easier to market the site as a Ramona-themed attraction. Her role in this restoration was recognized when Estudillo House was documented by the Historic American Buildings Survey of 1937.<mask> also received a commission from the Children's Home in Balboa Park, and she designed a garden for Julius Wangenheim that in 1933 would be awarded a Certificate of Honor by the American Institute of Architects. She was able to employ several draftspeople over the years, including Lilian Rice and her own daughter, Helen. She collaborated with local designers and artists such as tile maker Ernest A. Batchelder. Her breadth of design interests showed in frequent papers she gave on diverse subjects to the Wednesday Club. <mask> took a break from architecture between 1915 and 1920, and seems to have stopped practicing architecture altogether in 1929. She retired in Berkeley, California, where she died on July 22, 1948. Her papers are held by the San Diego History Center.Works

Publications
A list of written articles published by Waterman about her architectural works. Further reading

Thornton, Sally Bullard. Daring to Dream: The Life of <mask> <mask>. San Diego Historical Society, 1987. References and sources

Arts and Crafts architects
Architects from California
American women architects
1865 births
1948 deaths
University of California, Berkeley alumni
People from Tuskegee, Alabama
People from Oroville, California
California women architects

masks:
Hazel Wood Waterman
Hazel Wood
Reverend Jesse Wood
Hazel
Waldo Sprague Waterman
Robert Waterman
Hazel
Robert Wood
Hazel
Hazel
Hazel
Hazel
Hazel
Hazel
Waterman
Waterman
Waterman
Waterman
Waterman
Waterman
Waterman
Waterman
Hazel Wood
Waterman