title: Bruce Braley

texts:
 punishments for employers who willfully violate child labor requirements, introduced September 10, 2008

111th Congress (2009–2010)
 H.R.508, a bill to allow for a $40 refundable tax credit, up to $80 per individual, for the purchasing of digital-to-analog converter boxes, introduced January 14, 2009
 H.R. 2891, a bill to create a loan repayment program for individuals who serve as health care professionals in underserved areas, introduced June 16, 2009, reintroduced in the 112th Congress as H.R. 531 and in the 113th Congress as H.R. 702. A modified version of this bill's program is included in the PPACA. H.R. 3051, a bill to require documents released by health insurance providers, including the government, to be written in Plain English, introduced June 25, 2009
 H.R.4442, a bill to increase security measures for detecting explosive devices in airports and airplanes, introduced January 13, 2010
 H.R. 4512, a bill to require motor vehicle fuel be labeled with its country of origin and that such information be disclosed to consumers, introduced January 26, 2010, reintroduced in the 112th Congress as H.R. 2073 and in the 113th Congress as H.R. 5123
 H.R. 4584, a bill to support the development of wind energy, introduced February 3, 2010
 H.R. 5022, a bill to create a competitive grant program for expanding master's degree physical education programs, introduced April 14, 2010, reintroduced in the 112th Congress as H.R. 3597
 H.R.5435, a bill to deny a tax deduction for income attributable to the domestic production, refining, processing, transportation, or distribution of oil and oil products, introduced May 27, 2010. An expanded version of this bill was introduced in the 112th Congress by <mask> as H.R. 851. 112th Congress (2011–2012)
 H.R. 319, a bill to allow veterans to have a day off from work on Veterans Day if they would otherwise be working, introduced January 19, 2011, reintroduced in the 113th Congress as H.R. 3368
 H.R. 1517, a bill to require the Department of Defense to develop a policy of preventing and responding to sexual assault and domestic violence, introduced April 13, 2011
 H.R.2826, a bill to allow non-government employers to reduce their payroll taxes for a temporary time period and allow for a tax credit for employing former members of the National Guard and the Reserves and retaining such employment, introduced August 26, 2011. A similar bill was introduced in the 113th Congress by Braley as H.R. 3648. H.R. 3786, a bill to require federal executive agencies to use Plain English when revising or issuing new regulations, introduced January 18, 2012, reintroduced in the 113th Congress as H.R. 1557
 H.R. 4136, a bill to withhold 10% of federal highway fund allotments to any state that does not have laws prohibiting the passing of stopped school buses, introduced March 21, 2012, reintroduced in the 113th Congress as H.R.4595
 H.R. 4284, a bill to prohibit livestock packers from owning, controlling, or feeding livestock to the extent that the producer no longer materially participates in such operations, with certain exceptions, introduced March 28, 2012
 H.R. 4373, a bill to reinstate and expand tax credits for adoption expenses, introduced April 17, 2012
 H.R. 5796, a bill to establish a fund for former hostages in Iran, to be funded through fines and penalties imposed on individuals linked to the hostage-taking, introduced May 17, 2012, reintroduced in the 113th Congress as H.R. 904 and H.R. 3200
 H.R. 6237, a bill to establish a grant program for small business development centers, with a maximum grant of $250,000, introduced July 31, 2012, reintroduced in the 113th Congress as H.R.1283

113th Congress (2013–2014)
 H.R. 3906, a bill to require congressional districts to be drawn by nonpartisan independent commissions, introduced January 16, 2014
 H.R. 4044, a bill to expand the child tax credit, introduced February 11, 2014
 H.R. 5509, a bill to expand the tax credits and deductions for college expenses and student loan interest rates, introduced September 17, 2014
 H.R. 5560, a bill to provide financial assistance to select individuals who would otherwise discontinue pursuing a degree because of lack of financial assistance, introduced September 18, 2014

Committee assignments
House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform
House Committee on Veterans' Affairs

Caucus memberships
Since 2008, <mask> has been a member of the House Armenian Caucus. In 2009, <mask> founded his own House caucus, the Populist Caucus. The caucus, which he chairs, now has 27 members.According to The Washington Post, it "is devoted to economic issues of interest to the middle-class, from the promotion of fair trade to the creation of well-paying jobs." 2014 U.S. Senate election

In February 2013, <mask> announced that he would seek the United States Senate seat held by retiring Senator Tom Harkin. <mask>'s entrance cleared the field of all potential Democratic challengers and he raised $2.6 million by the end of 2013. By February 2014, <mask> had campaigned in all 99 counties of Iowa. On November 4, <mask> was defeated by Republican state Senator Joni Ernst in the general election. Despite expectations of a close race, Ernst pulled away in the last week, and won by over eight percentage points, helped by a series of gaffes by Braley. House gym and towels comment

In October 2013, the government shut down caused the House gym to lay off staff, including the towel attendants.<mask> complained publicly about the lack of service in spite of paying to use the House gym, remarked, "There’s no towel service, and so we’re doing our own laundry down there." During the 2014 general election, Republicans brought this to the voters' attention. "Farmer from Iowa" comment
In March 2014, video footage was discovered from a January 2014 fundraising event of trial lawyers in Texas in which <mask> assured the audience that he would be a spokesman in Congress for trial lawyers, and commented that Republican Senator Chuck Grassley could become the next chair of the Senate Judiciary Committee if Democrats lose control of the Senate majority. In the video <mask> criticized Grassley as "a farmer from Iowa, who never went to law school". Following the release of the video, <mask> issued an apology to Grassley. In response to the negative coverage generated by his comments, <mask> issued a press release which touted his farming background. The press release included two misspellings of common farming terms.After the errors were pointed out, <mask>'s spokesman stated that he had "lost his fourth-grade spelling bee by mis-spelling 'journey.' I guess my old habits are hard to break." His gaffe was not only seen as an insult to Grassley, but also to Iowa's large farming population, prompting The Hill to name him as one of the "top 10 worst candidates of 2014." Joni Ernst attack advertisement

In June 2014, <mask> released a 30-second ad spot attacking Republican opponent Joni Ernst. The ad stated that despite the fact that Ernst was running as a fiscal conservative, when she “had the chance to do something in Iowa, we didn’t hear a peep.” The ad stated that Ernst never sponsored a bill to cut pork or reduce spending during her time in the Iowa state Senate. Footage of a baby chicken chirping was shown during the ad, interpreted by some as comparing her to a chick. University of Iowa political science professor Timothy Hagle stated that there was a double standard of sexism between Republicans and Democrats, saying "Imagine if a GOP candidate had used a 'chick' in an ad against a female opponent."VA Committee attendance

In the wake of the Veterans Health Administration scandal of 2014, it was reported that <mask> missed 15 of the 20 United States House Committee on Veterans' Affairs hearings in 2011 and 2012, including one hearing on a day in which he attended three fundraisers for his 2012 campaign, but which did not overlap with the hearing schedule. <mask>'s campaign responded by saying that he is an outspoken advocate for veterans. The campaign also said that <mask> missed the hearing the day of the three fundraisers because he was at another hearing. The Des Moines Register reported that <mask> was marked “present” at the other hearing but did not ask a question. The paper also reported that <mask> was not seen on video of the hearing, although <mask>'s chair could not be seen at all times in the video. In examining an attack ad against <mask> on this issue, PolitiFact called claims that Braley skipped hearings for fundraisers on September 20, 2012, "Mostly False" but said that Braley did miss close to 79 percent of committee hearings. Dispute  over chickens
In August 2014, <mask> was criticized by Republicans for a dispute he had with his neighbor at his vacation home over the neighbor's "therapeutic" chickens, which <mask> said were always in his yard.When the neighbor brought some eggs as a gift, his wife Carolyn turned them down and said she, <mask>, and a few other homeowners complained about the chickens to the neighborhood homeowners’ association board. <mask> was accused of threatening a lawsuit against the neighbor, which he emphatically denied, and said he handled the situation properly. However, the incident added to the damage caused by his derogatory remark about Senator Grassley being "a farmer from Iowa." Post-Political Career

In 2015, <mask> joined the law firm Leventhal & Puga PC (now known as Leventhal Puga Braley PC) in Denver, Colorado. Electoral history

References

External links

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1957 births
21st-century American politicians
American Presbyterians
Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives
Iowa Democrats
Iowa State University alumni
Living people
Members of the United States House of Representatives from Iowa
People from Grinnell, Iowa
University of

masks: Braley Braley Braley Braley Braley Braley Braley Braley Braley Braley Braley Braley Braley Braley Braley Braley Braley Braley Braley Braley Braley Braley Braley Braley Braley Braley


title: Ferhat Atik

type: original

texts:
<mask> (born in 1971 in Cyprus) is a Turkish Cypriot filmmaker, scenario writer and novelist, who has also written academic articles about the media. Early life, education and career

<mask> was born on 11 August 1971 in Nicosia in Cyprus. He completed his primary and high school education in Arabahmet Primary School, Şehit Hüseyin Ruso High School and Lefkoşa Türk Secondary School respectively. He studied economics, communication and cinema both local and abroad for his undergraduate, post-graduate and doctorate degrees. <mask> is a Turkish writer, scriptwriter, and director. He is an activist for Occupy Filmmakers and Occupies Writers. Having lectured on economics, media, literature, and cinema at the doctorate level, and has published articles in newspapers and journals, Ferhat then became a producer and a TV and radio host.He has published thousands of articles, several novels, and various film scripts. Silk Road, Autumn, Toy Car, Double Port, When There is Still Time, Kingdom of Lambousa, After Tomorrow, A psychoanalyst on his own couch: Vamik Volkan, Cristal Night are among his published works. <mask> has directed and written screenplays for short films that have appeared at international film festivals, particularly in Italy, India and the Far East. His full-length feature film The Key, based on his own novel Autumn, premiered at the 48th International Antalya Golden Orange Film Festival and was then shown at the 31st Istanbul Film Festival in 2012. It was released in the same year in North Cyprus with a gala opening. This was North Cyprus’s first 35mm feature film. We can say that his film Letters to the Future Documentary is unique in its field.This production, made in collaboration with Serhat Akpınar, the founding president and chairman of the executive board of Girne American University, has an interesting speculative, perhaps mischievous, take on a series of interviews with twenty-five famous people held in the year 2038. Screenplays for in Search of Ancestry, Pinwheel and Wasn’t Easy, followed, and his endeavors in cinema, literature, and research continue. <mask> <mask> teaches Creative Writing and Screenwriting at the academy and he is the owner of the Golden Pen award of Turkey in 2018. He has articles over 7 thousand. He is a columnist at CyprusPost and Shalom newspapers in Cyprus and Turkey. The author also won, "The best book of 2019" award in the UK with "A psychoanalyst on his own couch" book. Author is a member of World Biography Writers.The author is also the script writer of the Kyrenia Museum. Publications

Books
I never gave up - 2020: The book, describing the biography of Ersin Tatar, Prime Minister of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, contains the final evaluations of Tatar, who is also a candidate for the Presidency. A Psychoanalyst on His Own Couch - 2019/London: Vamik Volkan puts himself on his couch and tells his fascinating life story as an international psychoanalyst who has seen and studied humans in many parts of the world to the renowned writer, scriptwriter, and director. "Crystal Night" - 2018: The novel "Crystal Night", which's preface is written by Prof. Dr. Vamık D. Volkan and which conveys the Holocaust reality in the most striking language, met with the reader. The actual history that is partaking in the novel is completed in the Turkish Edition with the support of the American Holocaust Museum, and the studies are being continued before the English and Hebrew prints are made. "After Tomorrow" - 2015: Life sometimes fits into the moment with peace and you beat time in someplace. "After Tomorrow", the story of peace beating time.Bringing Akpınar Patisserie, which filled 80 years in particular, and its generally sweet history into today’s world. In a way, "After Tomorrow" is a research and biography study in the taste of the cake. "The Kingdom of Lambousa" - 2013: With the novel "The Kingdom of Lambousa", the author, going back to the depths of more than 30 centuries of history, shares the findings and information that haven't been written before about the wealthiest kingdom of the period. While the book is written with many references, it also includes photographs and myths as well as information that has not been previously published, via British Museum. Being written after a long period of research, the book contains a summary of all the necessary details as well as information about the history as it places important research into the minds of the readers. The book is being presented to the reader with the subtitle: "The Resistance of History, Civilization, and Culture Against Time". "The Lambousa Kingdom" is a novel published by Destek Publishing House and it is available for sale with both e-book and paperback versions all over the world."While There Is Time" - 2011: A novel about the reality of life and trade after World War II and also the story of two brothers, who created a commercial adventure for over 70 years, achieving success while going through hard periods of the history. "While There is Time" is a work of the author that you can find all of the details of the Flaubert School it represents, which have been started with the novel "Autumn" and showed itself in the novel "Toy Car" too. Published by Roman Destek Publishing. "Toy Car" - 2009: The writer extended his reach to Turkey with this publishing. "Toy car" is a novel about the love of a young couple in the midst of the inter-communal conflicts that took place in Cyprus in the '60s and '70s. In addition, the novel has made two editions and has been sold everywhere in Turkey via the Internet. In the novel, alongside a love story, a balanced narrative of all the pains, friendship and hostility of the period are presented to the reader with a special expression.The first edition of the book was printed by the Moss Publishing (Istanbul) and the second edition was printed by the Destek Publishing. "Double Harbour": It is a poetry book published by the author after 14 years of break. The book consists of poems about love and struggle; In addition to the love stories from all over the world, it also includes battles against the pain of newer times. The book, which is also the first ebook of Cyprus, was among the bestsellers of the year it was published. "Autumn" - 2006: One of the author's novels. The book, published in 2006, is based on the real story of a woman's murder in the second half of the 70s in Cyprus. It is the first murder novel written in Cyprus.In 2011, the novel was adapted for cinema and the script the author wrote became a subject for the film "Anahtar" which was produced by him. The book was published by Gökada Publications and Anadolu Publishing. "Silk Road" - 1997/2001: It is the author's first book. It made two prints in 1997 and 2001 and then it was sold out. Published under the title of "6400 Kilometers and a Thousand-Year Book", the book consists of poems and essays that refer to the historical philosophy of the route known as the Silk Road. Both editions of the book were made by AN Graphics. Films and documentaries
"A Section of Philosophy of Derrida": A new documentary by <mask> <mask>.Jacques Derrida was a French linguist and one of the most difficult philosophers of the last century and his field of philosophy became the subject of <mask> <mask>'s documentary. The documentary, which includes evaluations and images of Derrida, examines the field of Derrida philosophy in its general meaning. "Cyprus Turkish Educational Documentary": A documentary covering a period of 500 years, explains the land's education adventure, starting from the pre-Ottoman period to the present day, with the doyens of education. "It Wasn't Easy": This is a biography documentary titled "It Wasn't Easy" directed and written by <mask> <mask>. An important period about ANK Ltd. is being witnessed in the documentary in which the commercial life of one of the well-established companies of the country, Ahmet Nafi Brothers (ANK), is being examined. "Pin Wheel": A documentary about children's games. The scenario of the project and its directing are done by our author.The project is a documentary about children's games that explains and plays 20 games with nearly 100 children. In front of the selected places in the documentary, children have helped history to reach the future by playing old street games. "Pursuit of Genealogy": Famous actor Hüseyin Köroğlu made the voice over of the documentary in which 33 Ottoman works throughout the land were being examined. The documentary has been screened in 26 festivals multiple times. "Letters to the Future": It is a visionary documentary and a first in the world in its own concept. With 250 children drawing about future and with 25 people who are known worldwide talking about the next 25 years regarding 25 different subjects, the project has been kept in a special vault to be opened and watched for the first time in 2038, after 25 years, with the partnership of Serhat Akpınar production. The project targeted many contents including ceremonies and commemorations every year and at special times and it occurred for the first time in the world.The author was the scenarist and the director of the project. The documentary was a production completed in 2014. "Cinema Cinema "- 2014: The deep worries and promises of cinema are explained in this short film with facts including cinema history. The writer, who was the screenwriter and director of the film, also produced the short film by himself. The short film, which was produced at the end of 2014, will be screened at TOFF and PSFF festivals in 2015. "Key" - 2012: This is a feature film adaptation of the author's "Autumn Novel" to the cinema, the script of which is written and produced by him. Coming to the theaters at the same time in both Turkey and Northern Cyprus, the film is about love and femicide while being the first 35mm film in Northern Cyprus.The film was shot in a structure with the characteristics of film noir and was previewed at the Antalya Golden Orange and Istanbul International Film festivals. The film was produced in 2011. "Inversely Awareness" - 2010: A short film about a woman's loneliness and indecision and the struggle of one's mind and heart against all that is happening in life. In the film, the conflicts of a woman's life and the effects of the things that happen out of her control are explained in a striking expression. The author's short film, screened at the Italian RIFF film festival, is an example of a conflict classic. In addition to writing and producing the scripts, the author also directed the film too. This short film was made in 2010.Academic writing
 EU countries controlling the Boards Review the publication (Academic Research-2002)
 Northern Cyprus National Television "TV Program Types" Research (academic papers-2006)
 Individual media state (academic papers-2006),
 The formation of radio and Television Broadcasting in Cyprus, Control and future (academic papers-2007)
 Moment analysis (academic papers-2007)
 Power Heryerdeliği (academic papers-2007)
 "Grandpa" in terms of the examination of the book of Michael Foucault theorems (academic papers-2008)
 Journalism and ethics (academic papers-2008)
 JD Difference Review (academic papers-2008)
 Athens Actions "do not Cry a tear Bomb Us, we have already"-(academic papers-2008)
 Women of the world (literature Survey-2008)
 Toy car (short Film Writer/Director-2009)
 To Understand Kafka (literature Survey-2009)
 Ponaptikon (academic papers-2009)
 JD Detour Review (academic papers-2009)
 "The other was exposed to violence, the dogmas of won! (Academic Philosophy Article-2011)
 Double port (Poetry),
 Key (screenplay/executive producer-35 mm Feature Film 2011-release date: 9 March 2012),
 ' Kadınınadı! ' (Converted to social media studies)
 Toy car (novel-Turkey-wide II. Edition February 2012)
 While (novel-April 2012)
 Sexual objects: Women, men consumed (academic Article-April 2012)
 The defeat of the new victory, the new media! -Social media review (academic Article-May 2012)
 Double port (E-Book)-Apple of your eyelashes (Dotto BT 14 August 2012)
 Toy Car (Roman II.

masks:
Ferhat Atik
Ferhat Atik
Ferhat Atik
Ferhat
Ferhat
Atik
Ferhat
Atik
Ferhat
Atik
Ferhat
Atik


title: Neil McCann

texts:
<mask> (born 11 August 1974 ) is a Scottish football manager, pundit and former professional player who played as a left winger. His most recent role in football was a stint as the caretaker manager of Inverness Caledonian Thistle. His playing career saw him represent Dundee (two spells), Heart of Midlothian (two spells), Rangers, Southampton and Falkirk. He also played 26 times for Scotland in full international matches. After working as a pundit for Sky Sports he was appointed manager of Dundee in 2017 before being sacked in October 2018. Club career
<mask> started his career with Dundee before moving on to Heart of Midlothian in 1996. He helped the Tynecastle side win the Scottish Cup in 1998, their first major trophy in 36 years.<mask> moved to Rangers later that year for £1.9 million, becoming the club's first major Scottish Catholic signing since Mo Johnston. He scored two goals in a 3–0 win for Rangers against their arch-rivals Celtic on 2 May 1999, which clinched the 1998–99 Scottish Premier League title. <mask> left Rangers in 2003, as the club were forced to sell him due to financial problems. Speaking in February 2019, <mask> said that he had been subject to sectarian abuse from Celtic fans that stemmed from his decision to sign for Rangers. He joined Southampton on 5 August 2003, for £1.5 million. A series of injuries made it difficult for him to maintain his place in the team. <mask> scored one goal for Southampton, in a League Cup tie against Northampton Town.His contract with Southampton was terminated by mutual consent in January 2006. On 17 January 2006, <mask> rejoined Hearts. He sustained a medial knee ligament injury while playing in his first match after returning to Hearts, which meant that he missed the rest of the 2005–06 season (including the 2006 Scottish Cup Final). <mask> played in 28 games during the 2006–07 season, but then suffered a double leg break during a game at Celtic Park on 25 August 2007. On 14 May 2008 it was announced that <mask> had signed for Falkirk. He scored on his Falkirk debut, against former club Hearts, and then scored in League Cup ties against Queen of the South and Inverness. His last appearance for Falkirk was in the 2009 Scottish Cup Final.<mask> was released on 22 August 2009 after managerial changes at Falkirk, with outgoing manager John Hughes (the manager that signed him) being replaced by Eddie May. On 12 February 2011, <mask> came out of retirement to help Dundee stave-off relegation from the First Division. He scored a last minute goal in his first appearance, against Raith Rovers. <mask> was inducted into the Dundee FC Hall of Fame in 2016.

International career
<mask> made his full international debut for Scotland on 5 September 1998, coming on as a late substitute for Ally McCoist in a goalless draw against Lithuania. His first appearance in the starting line-up was on 31 March 1999 in a 2–1 home defeat to the Czech Republic. <mask> scored three goals for Scotland, including two in UEFA Euro 2004 qualifying matches against the Faroe Islands and Germany. He made 26 appearances for Scotland, with his last coming in a 1–1 draw with the United States in November 2005.Coaching career

Dunfermline
<mask> joined Dunfermline Athletic as a coach in July 2012, initially on a voluntary basis. The club entered administration in March 2013 and suffered a second successive relegation. When Dunfermline exited administration in December 2013, manager Jim Jefferies and <mask> were both offered new contracts. Jefferies retired early in December 2014, leaving <mask> and John Potter in charge of the team. On 30 April 2015, <mask> decided to leave Dunfermline. Dundee manager
<mask>'s first managerial position came at Scottish Premiership side Dundee, where he was appointed on an interim basis on 18 April 2017. <mask> oversaw five matches for his former team, securing the side's place in the top tier of Scottish football.Dundee announced on 29 May that <mask> would leave the club, then had an approach for Jack Ross rejected by St Mirren. On 1 June, <mask> was appointed Dundee manager on a permanent basis. He was sacked by the club on 16 October 2018, with Dundee bottom of the 2018–19 Scottish Premiership after collecting just three points from eight games. Inverness caretaker
After John Robertson was given compassionate leave in February 2021, <mask> was appointed caretaker manager of Scottish Championship club Inverness Caledonian Thistle. <mask> left this position after the 2020–21 season was completed, with Robertson returning in a sporting director role and a new manager to be appointed. Inverness chief executive Scot Gardiner said in May 2021 that the arrangement with <mask> had always been intended to be temporary, but that he had tried to persuade <mask> to stay in the position longer. Media work
<mask> became a pundit for Sky Sports, providing analysis on their coverage of football in Scotland, after he left Falkirk in 2009.<mask> left Sky in June 2017, when he was appointed Dundee manager on a permanent basis. He now works for Sky Sports, BBC and RangersTV as a pundit. Career statistics

International

Scores and results list Scotland's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each <mask> goal. Manager

Interim manager from 18 April until 29 May 2017. Honours
Heart of Midlothian
Scottish Cup: 1997–98

Rangers
Scottish Premier League: 1998–99, 1999–2000, 2002–03
Scottish Cup: 1998–99, 1999–2000, 2001–02, 2002–03
Scottish League Cup: 2001–02, 2002–03

References

External links

 Profile at londonhearts.com

1974 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Greenock
Association football midfielders
Scottish footballers
Scotland B international footballers
Scotland international footballers
Dundee F.C. players
Greenock Morton F.C. players
Heart of Midlothian F.C.players
Rangers F.C. players
Southampton F.C. players
Falkirk F.C. players
Scottish Football League players
Scottish Premier League players
English Football League players
Premier League players
Scotland under-21 international footballers
Dundee F.C. managers
Scottish football managers
Scottish Professional Football League managers
Dunfermline Athletic F.C. non-playing staff
Scottish Roman Catholics

masks:
Neil Doherty McCann
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McCann
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McCann
McCann
McCann
McCann
McCann
McCann
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McCann
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title: Allen Hurns

texts:
<mask> (born November 12, 1991) is an American football wide receiver for the Miami Dolphins of the National Football League (NFL). He was signed by the Jacksonville Jaguars as an undrafted free agent in 2014. He played college football at the University of Miami. Early years
<mask> attended Miami Carol City Senior High School in Miami, Florida. He played high school football as a wide receiver and ran track. As a junior, he totaled 23 receptions for 450 yards and seven touchdowns. As a senior, he collected six receptions for 110 yards, before suffering a season-ending injury.In track, he ran a career-best time of 11.69 seconds in the 100 meters at the 2006 Broward County Championships, where he placed 4th. He placed 3rd in the 400 meters at the 2008 Hallandale Invitational, setting a personal-best time of 50.30 seconds. At the 2008 FHSAA 4A Region 4 Meet, he recorded a career-best time of 22.11 seconds in the 200 meters, placing 7th in the prelims. Regarded as a three-star recruit by Rivals.com, <mask> was ranked as one of top 100 wide receivers in the nation by Scout.com. College career
<mask> accepted a football scholarship from the University of Miami. As a true freshman, he appeared in 9 games focusing on special teams, while registering 4 tackles. As a sophomore, he started 7 out of 12 games, tallying 31 receptions (third on the team) for 415 yards (third on the team), a 13.4-yard average and 4 touchdowns.As a junior, he missed spring practice while recovering from surgery to fix a torn labrum. He started 8 out of 11 games, making 28 receptions (fourth on the team) for 314 yards (sixth on the team), an 11.2-yard average and 4 touchdowns. He did not play in the third game against Bethune-Cookman University because of a concussion. He suffered a broken left thumb in the tenth game against the University of Virginia. As a senior, he started 11 out of 13 games, leading the team with 62 receptions for 1,162 yards (18.7-yard avg.) and 6 touchdowns. He also received the Jack Harding Award as the Hurricanes Most Valuable Player, after setting the school single-season record with 1,162 receiving yards.During his collegiate career, he started 26 of 45 games and had 121 receptions for 1,891 yards and 14 touchdowns for the Hurricanes. College statistics

Professional career

Jacksonville Jaguars

2014 season: Rookie year

On May 11, 2014, the Jacksonville Jaguars signed <mask> as an undrafted free agent to a three-year, $1.54 million contract that includes a signing bonus of $5,000. On September 7, he became the first rookie wide receiver in franchise history to start in a season opener. Playing against the Philadelphia Eagles, <mask> caught four passes for 110 yards and two touchdowns from quarterback Chad Henne. His first two receptions in the first quarter both went for touchdowns, making <mask> only the second wide receiver in NFL history to record touchdowns on his first two catches (Charles Rogers of the Detroit Lions was the other in 2003), and the first rookie to ever score two receiving touchdowns in the first quarter of his first game. In his rookie season, <mask> recorded 51 receptions for 677 yards and six touchdowns. 2015 season
On November 29, 2015, <mask> was hospitalized after a head injury during Week 11 against the San Diego Chargers by hitting his head after attempting a diving catch.He was released from the hospital later that day. <mask> did not practice on December 3, 2015, and remained in concussion protocol. On December 4, 2015, the Jaguars announced that <mask> would not play in Week 13 against the Tennessee Titans. <mask> finished the 2015 season with 64 receptions, 1,031 yards and 10 touchdowns, which all remain his current career highs. As of 2015, <mask> holds the record for most touchdowns in first two seasons for an undrafted free agent in NFL history (16), and was the only wide receiver to score a touchdown in seven straight games, all while playing with a sports hernia. He was ranked 89th by his fellow players on the NFL Top 100 Players of 2016. 2016 season
On June 2, 2016, <mask> signed a four-year, $40 million contract extension with $16 million guaranteed.<mask> regressed in the 2016 season from his successful season the previous year. He started and appeared in every game up until Week 13. On October 2, he caught his first touchdown of the season against the Indianapolis Colts. On October 27, <mask> caught seven passes for a season-high 98 yards and a touchdown against the Tennessee Titans. In Week 12 against the Buffalo Bills, he caught his third touchdown of the season. He suffered a hamstring injury against the Buffalo Bills that sidelined him for the final 5 games of the season. The Jaguars finished with a record of 3-13 and did not qualify for the playoffs.In 11 games, he posted career-lows in total receptions (35), receiving yards (477), and touchdowns (3). 2017 season
In the season opener against the Houston Texans, <mask>' teammate <mask> was lost for the season due to a torn ACL. As a result, <mask> had to step up in the offense. During Week 2 against the Tennessee Titans, he recorded six receptions for 82 yards and his first touchdown of the season. The next week against the Baltimore Ravens, he caught another touchdown. The last time a Jaguar caught a touchdown in consecutive games was Marqise Lee in November 2016. On October 22, <mask> caught five passes against the Indianapolis Colts and topped 100 yards for the first time since December 2015.On his 26th birthday, <mask> caught a season high seven passes for seventy yards but left the game with an ankle injury against the Los Angeles Chargers. He was declared inactive from the tenth to the fifteenth game of the season with an ankle injury. The Jaguars finished with a 10–6 record and made the playoffs for the first time since 2007. <mask> was shutout in the Wild Card win against the Buffalo Bills and only caught one pass in the Divisional Round win against the Pittsburgh Steelers. In the AFC Championship game against the New England Patriots, he caught six passes for 80 yards. <mask>' 80 yards were the most receiving yards by a Jaguar in the playoffs since Matt Jones in 2006. Including playoffs, <mask> finished the season with 46 catches for 576 yards and a career-low two touchdowns.On March 20, 2018, <mask> was released by the Jaguars. Dallas Cowboys
On March 23, 2018, <mask> signed a two-year contract with the Dallas Cowboys worth up to $12 million, who were looking to upgrade their receiving corps after releasing wide receiver Dez Bryant on April 13. <mask> changed his jersey number to 17 to honor the Parkland Shooting victims. During the season, <mask> was expected to be the main starter as part of a wide-receiver-by-committee approach. He was a backup behind Terrance Williams in the season-opening 16-8 road loss to the Carolina Panthers, where he had one catch for 20 yards. <mask> was named the starter over Williams in the second game against the New York Giants. During Week 5, <mask> scored his first touchdown of the season on a 3-yard pass from Dak Prescott as the Cowboys lost to the Houston Texans on the road in overtime by a score of 19–16.<mask>' production and effectiveness would continue to decrease in the following games. <mask> was used very sparingly in the latter half of the season, losing his starting position after the Cowboys traded a 2019 first-round draft choice to the Oakland Raiders in exchange for Amari Cooper on October 22, to take over the number one receiver role and also gave more playing time to rookie Michael Gallup. In the season finale against the New York Giants, <mask> had a 49-yard reception as the Cowboys narrowly won 36–35. <mask> finished the regular season setting career-lows in receptions (20) and receiving yards (295). He tied a career-low in receiving touchdowns with two. On January 5, 2019, <mask> suffered a serious ankle injury after being tackled by Seattle Seahawks safety Bradley McDougald, in the first quarter of the Wild Card Round of the NFC playoffs. His left foot was turned 90 degrees outward as he laid on the ground and had to be popped back into place by doctors.It was later revealed that <mask> suffered a dislocated ankle and a broken fibula, forcing him to miss the rest of the playoffs. He was placed on injured reserve on January 8, 2019. On July 23, 2019, <mask> was released by the Cowboys due to salary cap reasons after the team asked him to reduce his salary and he declined. Miami Dolphins
On July 26, 2019, <mask> signed a one-year deal with the Miami Dolphins, his hometown team. During a Week 8 14-27 road loss to the Pittsburgh Steelers, <mask> caught his first touchdown of the season on a 12-yard reception from Ryan Fitzpatrick. He missed the fourth game against the Los Angeles Chargers with a concussion. On November 16, 2019, he signed a two-year extension with the Dolphins worth $8 million with $3.27 million guaranteed.He finished his first season with the Dolphins with 32 receptions for 416 yards and two touchdowns. <mask> chose to opt-out of the 2020 season due to the COVID-19 pandemic on August 4, 2020. On August 17, 2021, <mask> was placed on season-ending injured reserve. NFL career statistics

Regular season

Postseason

References

External links
Miami Dolphins bio
Jacksonville Jaguars bio
Miami Hurricanes bio

1991 births
Living people
American football wide receivers
Dallas Cowboys players
Jacksonville Jaguars players
Miami Dolphins players
Miami Hurricanes football players
Players of American football from Miami
Miami Carol City Senior High School alumni

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title: Saad el-Shazly

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<mask>-Husseiny el-Shazly (, ) (1 April 1922 – 10 February 2011) was an Egyptian military commander. He was Egypt's chief of staff during the October War. Following his public criticism of the Camp David Accords, he was dismissed from his post as Ambassador to Britain and Portugal and went to Algeria as a political refugee. He is credited with the equipping and preparation of the Egyptian Armed Forces in the years prior to the successful capture of the Israeli Bar-Lev line at the start of the 1973 war. He was dismissed from his post on 13 December 1973. Early life
He was born in the village of Shabratna, Basyoun Center, in Gharbia Governorate, in the Nile Delta, on April 1, 1922, in an upper-middle class family. His father was a notary, and his family owned (70) acres.His father is Hajj al-Husseini al-Shazly, and his mother, Mrs. Tafidah al-Jawhari, is the second wife of his father. He was named after the leader <mask> Zaghloul. His father was one of the owners of agricultural lands who married twice and had nine children with first wife: Muhammad, Hamid, Abdel-Hakim, Al-Hussaini, Abdel-Salam, Nadhima, Farida, Bassima and Morsyah. As for the second wife, Al-Jawhari, she is the mother of Shazly. His father's cousin is Abd al-Salam Pasha Al-Shazly, who took over the lake directorate and the Ministry of Awqaf. El-Shazly received sciences in the elementary school in Basioun School, which is about 6 kilometers from his village. After completing his primary education at age 11, his father moved to live in Cairo and he completed the preparatory and secondary levels in Cairo schools.Commands Held
He joined the Military Academy in February 1939 and was the youngest student in his class. He graduated from the Military College in July 1940 with the rank of a lieutenant in the infantry in the same class of Khaled Mohieddin. In 1943, while a lieutenant, he was chosen to serve in the Royal Guard. He participated in the 1948 Palestine War. He participated in the Second World War. He was the founder and Commander of the First Parachute Battalion in Egypt (1954 - 1961). Commander of the 75th Parachute Battalion during the Tripartite Aggression.Commander of the UAR Battalion in the Congo as part of the United Nations forces (1960-1961). London War Attaché (1961-1963). Commander of the 1st Infantry Brigade (participated in the (Yemen War) (1965 - 1966). Commander of the Special Forces (Parachutes and Thunderbolts) (1967-1969). Commander of the Red Sea Military Region (1970 - 1971). Chief of Staff of the Egyptian Armed Forces (1971-1973). Assistant Secretary General of the League of Arab States for Military Affairs (1971 - 1973).Egyptian Ambassador to Britain (1974-1975). Egyptian Ambassador to Portugal (1975-1978). Social Status
Al-Shazly got married on December 13, 1943 to Zeenat Muhammad Metwally Al-Suhaimi, daughter of Muhammad Metwally Pasha Al-Suhaimi, who was the director of the Military College in the 1930s, and had three daughters: Shahdan, Nahid and Samia. Involvement in the Free Officers Movement
His relationship with Gamal Abdel Nasser began when he lived in the same building that Gamal Abdel Nasser inhabited in Abbasiya before the July 23 movement. They had family relations, and in addition to being officers teachers in the School of Administrative Affairs, they met on a daily basis. Jamal Abdel Nasser opened it to the Free Officers in 1951, and Al-Shazly welcomed the idea and joined them, but he did not participate in the night of July 23, 1952 directly, as he was in a college course  Pillars of the war. Airborne Corps
At the rank of major, he traveled to the United States of America on an advanced training mission in 1953 to specialized in parachutes and was one of the first officers to receive the Rangers School course.He then became the commander of the 75th Parachute Battalion during the Triple Aggression of 1956. He took command of the Parachute Force during the period from 1954 to 1959. During the celebrations of the Revolution Day, which was to be held on July 23, 1954, Al-Shazly suggested to Major General Naguib Ghoneim, the commander of the Cairo military region, to show the parachute corps differently from the rest of the armed forces units that were walking in the normal step in front of the podium, as is well known. He suggested that the parachute corps parade walk by a quick step in front of the podium, and by that, he was the first to suggest walking in a quick step in the special military parades for the paratroopers, which became associated with the thunderbolt and paratroop forces and what distinguished them from other forces and were subsequently transferred by the Arab countries. UN Mission in Congo
In 1960 (during the unity with Syria), President Gamal Abdel Nasser sent a parachute battalion as part of the United Nations forces to Congo, led by Colonel Al Shazly, at the request of Prime Minister Lumumba and in coordination with the United Nations Secretary-General Dag Hammarskjöld, to maintain security and law and with the aim of preventing Belgium from returning to occupy his country, which became independent on June 30, 1960. The Arab Parachute battalion was made up of 5 companies (4 companies from Egypt and one from Syria), which got the name 'the Arab battalion in the Congo'. The battalion was stationed in the far north, more than 1,200 kilometers from the capital.It was the first Arab force sent to carry out foreign missions under the leadership of the United Nations. Events developed and General Staff chief Mobutu Ceseiseko led a military coup that controlled the country. Lumumba managed to escape, but he was arrested and killed in January 1961. Gamal Abdel Nasser then sent a military committee headed by Brigadier Ahmed Ismail Ali to Congo to study what Egypt could offer to advance the Congolese army, but the situation had changed. The new government was eradicating hostility from Gamal Abdel Nasser and demanding the return of the Arab forces. During that period, the dispute occurred between Colonel Al-Shazly and Colonel Ahmed Ismail Ali. After the killing of Lumumba, Al-Shazly felt in danger and decided unilaterally to leak his soldiers from their positions.He also secured the smuggling of Lumumba's sons to Egypt before the Egyptian battalion withdrew. Six Day War (1967)
During the Six-Day War, Shazly showed great merit and tactical awareness. He was positioned in the middle of Sinai with a mixed unit of one infantry battalion, two Sa'ka (Thunderbolt) battalions, and one tank battalion. Following the initial air raid and subsequent superiority of the Israeli Air Force (IAF), the Egyptian command had given a chaotic order for all of its troops to retreat westward which would cause most of them to be mopped by the IAF, especially after most communications were lost between the troops and the Egyptian command; Shazly, however, took the most unbelievable of chances and headed eastward through thin passages, invading Israel itself. He eventually positioned himself in the Negev desert, behind most enemy lines. This feat would have made him one of the few Arab generals to ever successfully take and hold territory inside Israel. He stayed there with his battalions under the cover of two mountains to avoid IAF bombing for two days, the 6th and 7 June.Finally, he succeeded in making contact with the Egyptian command which ordered him to immediately retreat west of the Suez Canal. He responded with one of the most difficult maneuvers executed in the history of the Egyptian–Israeli conflict, a night march (with mechanized units and tanks accompanying) in the desert and through enemy lines. His unit managed to cover about 60 miles of ground throughout the Sinai, without any air support or intelligence. As dawn broke, the column was spotted by Israeli aircraft, which made low-level passes, bombing and strafing his forces. Lacking anti-aircraft weaponry, his forces could only reply with machine gun and small arms fire. Over 100 of his troops were killed, but the Israeli planes eventually went off in search of other targets, and his column drove on, managing to avoid Israeli ground forces and reaching the Suez Canal. He became the last military commander to pass from the east of the canal to the west.In the later years, he was highly respected within the Egyptian military for his feats and was eventually granted the command of the combined paratroopers and Sa'ka Forces from which he would move on to be the chief of staff of the Egyptian army and play a major role in the Egyptian major offensive in 1973. Commander of the Red Sea Military Region
During the War of Attrition, Israel was conducting lightning raids on the Red Sea region and daily kidnappings of civilians and the destruction of installations on the Red Sea coasts culminating in the incident of Zafarana on September 9, 1969. Gamal Abdel Nasser saw that General Al-Shazly was the most suitable person who could stop Israel's incursions into the Red Sea region and secure the area and appointed him commander of the Red Sea Military Region in 1970. General Al-Shazly managed to stop the daily kidnappings that were taking place against civilians and employees who were taken as prisoners by the Israeli forces as well as stopping the Israeli attacks. Shedwan Incident (Operation Rhodes)
On January 22, 1970, Israel attacked the Red Sea island of Shedwan, near the entrance to the Gulf of Suez, 35 kilometers from Hurghada and 325 kilometers from Suez which had a lighthouse to guide ships and a marine radar, secured by an Egyptian thunderbolt, and its military importance was purely because it was an uninhabited rocky island and its area didn't exceed 60 square kilometers. The Israeli forces bombed the island by air and followed it with the landing of the soldiers by helicopter and the landing boats in an attempt to occupy it, and a small garrison of the Egyptian thunderbolt withstood a huge Israeli fire, and the Israelis announced on the evening of the first fighting night that their forces "found no resistance on the island", except they came back and confessed at three in the afternoon the next day that fighting was still going on on the island. Maj. Gen. Al-Shazly ordered the attack of the island with the help of a number of fishermen from the governorate, which resulted in the transfer of soldiers and equipment in the dark to Shedwan Island to attack the Israeli forces.Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces
On May 16, 1971, after President Anwar Sadat ousted the poles of the Nasser regime, in what he called the correction revolution, he appointed Al-Shazly as chief of staff of the Egyptian armed forces, as he was not affiliated with any of the wrestlers on the Egyptian political scene at the time, and for his competence, his military ability, and the rich background he gained from his studies between the United States of America and the Soviet Union in military sciences as well as his long military career. Dispute with LT General Muhammad Sadiq
When Al-Shazly was appointed as Chief of Staff of the Egyptian armed forces, the Minister of War and Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces at the time was Lieutenant General Muhammad Sadiq, with whom he entered into disagreements over the operational plan for the liberation of Sinai. The LT Gen. Muhammad Sadiq was the first to see that the Egyptian Army should not undertake any offensive operation unless it has reached a stage that surpasses the enemy in the equipment and combat efficiency of its soldiers, only then can it carry out a massive offensive operation that destroys Israeli forces in the Sinai and advances to the straits and from there to Gaza. Al-Shazly's response to his proposals was that he would like this, but this opinion is not in line with the actual capabilities of the armed forces for the weakness of the air force and the lack of a mobile air defense that protects the advanced forces. Al-Shazly started to develop an offensive plan according to the capabilities of the armed forces, which required the recovery of 10 to 12 km in the depth of Sinai. He built his opinion that it is important to tailor the war strategy to your capabilities and according to the capabilities of the enemy. However, the LT General, Muhammad Ahmad Sadiq, opposed the plan on the pretext that it does not achieve any political or military goal.From the political point of view, it will achieve nothing and 60,000 square

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title: Saad el-Shazly

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 kilometers of Sinai will remain under Israeli control, but militarily it will create, for the Egyptian army a difficult position instead of the current one since it depends on the Suez Canal to act as a natural barrier, while the transportation lines through the bridges erected in the canal will be at the mercy of the Israeli air force. After lengthy discussions between Al-Shazly and Muhammwd Sadiq, Al-Shazly reached a compromise, which is the preparation of two plans, the first aimed at occupying the Straits, which he called Operation 41 and the second aimed at seizing the Bar Lev Line and called it the Operation Badr, but Muhammad Ahmed Sadiq was not convinced and from his point of view, Egypt would not tolerate another defeat. On October 26, 1972, Anwar Sadat dismissed Lieutenant General Muhammad Sadiq of the Ministry of War for his disagreement with his vision of liberating the land, his conviction to see Al-Shazly and appointed Field Marshal Ahmed Ismail Ali as Minister of War and Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces, who had been referred for retirement in the late days of President Gamal Abdel Nasser, who showed him  Al-Shazly has old differences, but they committed themselves to working with each other to prepare for the October war. Dispute with Ahmed Ismail Ali
Colonel Al-Shazly and Colonel Ahmed Ismail Ali coincided with the presence in the Congo in 1960, during which Ahmed Ismail attempted to impose his administrative and military domination on Al-Shazly by virtue of his higher military rank, despite their different tasks and two references. Al-Shazly rejected this logic, and both exchanged rough words until they almost reached the hands clash. After the leadership in Cairo learned about this, the committee called up and the conflict ended, but its effects remained in the depths of both of them. After the return of Al-Shazly from the Congo, there was no direct contact between them as Ahmed Ismail was in the infantry while Al-Shazly was in the parachute corps.On March 10, 1969, Al-Shazly was surprised by the appointment of Ahmed Ismail as the Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces after the killing of Lieutenant-General Abdel Moniem Riad on March 9, 1969). Al-Shazly submitted his resignation to the office of the Minister of War, Muhammad Fawzi. Ahmed Ismail would have contacted him again through the new position, but President Gamal Abdel Nasser intervened and sent his son-in-law, Ashraf Marwan, to El-Shazly, where he persuaded him to return to work after he confirmed to him President Gamal Abdel Nasser’s promise not to contact Ahmed Ismail with him. Indeed, Ahmed Ismail did not set foot during the six months he spent as chief of staff at the Inshas base, in which Al-Shazly worked as commander of the Special Forces (Thunderbolts and Paratroopers) until Ahmed Ismail was referred to retirement by order of President Gamal Abdel Nasser on September 9, 1969, following the incident of the Israeli raid on Zafarana in the Gulf of Suez. On October 26, 1972, President Anwar Sadat dismissed Lieutenant General Mohamed Ahmed Sadiq for their disagreement over the transit plan. He appointed Ahmed Ismail as the Minister of War and Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces who before that had been recalled from retirement and appointed by President Anwar Sadat as Director of General Intelligence on May 15, 1971. President Anwar Sadat came to Al-Shazly, and it was a bad surprise for him.He told the president the long history of their differences, which made cooperation between them almost impossible. But President Anwar Sadat assured him that the relationship between them would be good and much better than the previous relationship between him and LT General, Muhammad Sadiq. Al-Shazly then considered resignation, but two factors prevented him, the first of which was that his resignation would be interpreted as solidarity with  Muhammad Sadiq after the president's sacking, and the second being that some may explain his resignation as that he does not want to enter the war when the truth was the opposite. High Minarets Plan "Operation Badr"
This was the plan developed by Al-Shazly to attack the Israeli forces and storm the Suez Canal in August 1971, which he called the "High Minarets" plan:

This plan was drawn up due to the weakness of the Egyptian Air Force and the weak capabilities in the Egyptian Air Defense Command, which prevented a major offensive operation. However, a limited operation could be carried out to cross the Suez Canal, destroy the Barlev Line and occupy 10 to 12 kilometers east of the canal, which was the maximum range of Egyptian air defense, and then switch to take defensive positions. The philosophy of this plan was that Israel had two weaknesses:

The first was the inability to withstand human losses due to the small number of its members. The second was to prolong the duration of the war.In all previous wars, it depended on lightning wars that ended within four or six weeks at the most. Because during this period it mobilized 18% of the Israeli people and this was a very high percentage. Moreover, the economic situation would be severely affected in Israel due to the interruption of education, agriculture and industry. Because most of those who worked in these institutions were ultimately officers and soldiers in the Israeli armed forces. The plan had two other dimensions in terms of depriving Israel of its most important combat advantages:

The first: denying him the attack from the sides because the sides of the Egyptian army will be based on the Mediterranean Sea in the north, and on the Gulf of Suez in the south, and will not be able to attack from the rear, which will be the Suez Canal hence he will have to attack in front of it, and pay the heavy price. The second: The enemy has an important advantage in the confrontational battles, which is the rapid air support of its armored elements, whereby the Western combat doctrine under which Israel operates at the lowest levels of the commanders allows the use of air support, which will lose it because the Egyptian forces will be in the protection of the Egyptian air defense, and from  here, the process of neutralizing Israeli aviation takes place during the battle. Announcement 41
Lieutenant General <mask> El-Shazly, Chief of Staff of the Egyptian Armed Forces (41) issued a directive clarifying the manner in which soldiers perform their combat duties during the October 1973 war.Guidance 41 is what was implemented in October war operations, and the plan succeeded with overwhelming success. This directive started by placing all problems and difficulties of Egyptian plan to cross the canal and destroy the Bar Lev Line in front of the working group which had to set solutions to each problem. It was the most complex problem that the group had met with and it was the earthen embankment on the east bank of the canal, which gave the Israeli side the advantage of controlling the fire, and the remark against the forces crossing, and this led to the suggestion of the need to build high strong points equipped with terraces of tanks on the West Bank of the Suez Canal, allowing the Egyptian side to secure its forces that cross the channel with fire and information. LT Gen. Al-Shazly had to collect the combat experience from the Egyptian forces' actions and lessons learned immediately after the event, and it will be distributed to members of the armed forces to benefit from them in any future similar operations, for example, guidance for securing radars in isolated areas after they raid Israeli on one of the isolated radars in Zafarana,

and began to issue that directive when the Al-Shazly team was reviewing the offensive operation plan to storm the Suez Canal and destroy the Bar Lev Line, and it was found that there are many problems that hinder and affect the planning of the offensive operation. He ordered his formation of a special committee to prepare this directive as a method for the war plan. After completing this directive, it became the detailed plan for crossing the Suez Canal and storming the Barlev line of the armed forces entirely. In mid-1973, a few months before the war, Al-Shazly team visited the College of Leaders and Staff and began discussion with students from eight in the morning until seven in the evening.The discussion was completed in two days. This guidance included a detailed plan for the transit of forces; Starting with the number of soldiers in each boat and the arming of each soldier and the size of the ammunition he carries either for himself or for the supporting forces, and the matter reached the timing of the entry of transit equipment to the canal area from rubber boats to bridges equipment and method of protection and locations of smoke generators and air defense etc. The guidance focused on every subtle detail and left leaders with only careful execution. October War (1973)

The Israeli army previously made a defensive line called Bar Lev Line that was strengthened with several fortresses at the eastern bank of the Suez canal that is separating the Israeli army from the Egyptian one. It also built a sand barrier 17 meters high at the canal shores to refrain any attempt to cross the canal by the Egyptian army. At 2 pm 6 October 1973, under General Shazly's command, 200 Egyptian aircraft skimmed low over the canal, headed deep into Sinai and struck the Israeli key forces, while 2000 artillery pieces opened heavy bombardment on the Bar-Lev forts and minefields, under which cover engineer reconnaissance teams paddled over to check the outlets for the Israeli inflammable liquid that had been blocked from the night before. The first assault wave of 4000 men crossed the Suez Canal and opened 70 passages through the sand barrier using high pressure water pumps.Waves of infantry followed crossing the Canal and captured most of the strong points and forts of the Ber lev line. On the next day, 7 October, 5 bridges were assembled over the canal, and the armored divisions began to cross the canal into Sinai. On 8 October, the Israeli counter-attack failed to push the Egyptians back, Israel tried again on 9 October but also suffered heavy losses. Israel lost more than 260 tanks in two days. After that initial victory, Shazly clashed with president Sadat over Sadat's decision to launch a new offensive to advance towards Sinai Passages. General Shazly strongly opposed any eastward advance that would leave Egyptian forces exposed to IAF without adequate air cover. Sadat insisted and ordered the generals to execute the order which aimed at helping the Syrians.On October 14, the offensive was launched but failed with heavy Egyptian losses. This may have contributed to the success of a daring Israeli operation which pushed its way west in between Egypt's second and third armies and crossed from Sinai into mainland Egypt through the Bitter Lakes. Once again president Sadat refused General Shazly's plan to move some of the Egyptian's armored brigades to fight the Israeli troops. Legacy
After leaving the army, Shazly wrote his account of the 1973 war. After the 25 of January revolution in 2011 and removal of Mubarak from the Egyptian government, Shazly was honored by putting his name on the Egyptian Military Academy graduates of the year 2013. He was awarded the Order of the Nile, Egypt's highest award, in October 2012 by President Mohammed Morsi for his conduct during the 1973 war with Israel. He was also honored by naming a new highway connecting the Cairo ring road to Ismailia desert road that is being built by the armed forces engineers.Aljazeera documentary channel produced a film about his life in 2012–2013. Notes

Books/Articles
 Shazly, <mask>. The Arab Military Option, American Mideast Research (1986). Shazly, <mask>. The Crossing of the Suez, American Mideast Research (1980: . ), (2003: Revised ed., ). Shazly, <mask>.October War (Arabic ed. ), American Mideast Research (2004). Shazly, <mask>. Our Religious Creed Is Our Way to Victory [Aqidatuna ad-Deeniya Tariquna li'l-Nasr], Cairo: Ministry of Defense (1972). External links
 http://www.El Shazly.com/

1922 births
2011 deaths
People from Gharbia Governorate
Egyptian generals
Egyptian people of the Yom Kippur War
Ambassadors of Egypt to the United Kingdom
Ambassadors of Egypt to Portugal
Egyptian Military Academy alumni
Recipients of the Order of the Sinai Star
Chiefs of the General Staff

masks: Saad Saad Saad Saad Saad


title: Joel Elkes

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<mask> (pronounced el' kez) (12 November 1913, Königsberg – 30 October 2015, Sarasota) was a leading medical researcher specialising in the chemistry of the brain. He qualified as a physician in London and later became a medical researcher who published the first double-blind scientific trial on chlorpromazine to treat schizophrenia. He is regarded as the father of modern neuropsychopharmacology and directed the first experimental psychiatric Uffculme Clinic in Birmingham, UK. He was responsible for the setting up of international organisations and university departments to further the investigation of the effects of psychopharmacy. He spent the latter part of his career endeavouring to bring higher levels of humanity, compassion and ethics to medical training. Early life
<mask> was born of Jewish parents Elkhanan and Miriam in the city of Königsberg (now Kaliningrad). (BB)  His father served in the Russian Army as a medical officer during the Russian Revolution of 1905 and World War I.The family fled to Kovno (now Kaunas) in the newly formed Lithuanian Republic. <mask> attended Schwabe's Gymnasium, a Hebrew Jewish high school, with a Zionist orientation. <mask> was an outstanding student graduating with honours and developing an interest in chemistry. He hoped to become a "scientist serving medicine". This was born from the fact that he had a close relationship with his father whom he viewed as a great example of physicianship and a good person. Following his education at the Gymnasium he spent a year in a German language school in Königsberg where he graduated at the top of his class. This was followed by four months at Lausanne University Hospital attending lectures as a run-up to medical training.At this time <mask>' father was physician to the British Ambassador in Lithuania and the ambassador encouraged <mask> to go to England to undertake medical training, providing a letter of recommendation for him. In 2011 in a talk to the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology <mask> identified three people who had inspired him: Einstein in physics, Erlich for his work on neuro-receptors, and Goethe for his rare combination of humanism, scientific creativity and spirit. Career
In 1930 <mask> enrolled in the St Mary's Hospital Medical School, Paddington in London where he was tutored by such medical luminaries as Charles Wilson, 1st Baron Moran, Almroth Wright, Alexander Fleming and Aleck Bourne, whose daughter <mask> would later marry. Here he met Professor Alistair Frazer and in 1939 he, Frazer and Steward (a student colleague) had a paper on fat absorption published in The Journal of Physiology. The Second World War broke off his family connections and support. He found it difficult to support himself and his sister Sara but was offered a post by Alistair Frazer in the newly formed Transfusion Service where he met Charmian Bourne. <mask> graduated in 1941 and was invited by Frazer to join him as a research fellow in pharmacology at Birmingham University.In 1945 he was promoted to lecturer and in 1948 to senior lecturer and acting director of the department. His research output at this time was considerable, resulting in 16 publications. Elkes' experimental work involved the investigation of the physical chemistry, constitution and structure of biological membranes, the lipoproteins. Suddenly I realised the nervous system was full of lipoproteins. It was myelin, a beautiful paracrystalline structure ubiquitously distributed throughout the nervous system. Elkes work continued with a collaboration with a Ph.D crystallography student, Bryan Finean. Together they developed a technique for the X-ray diffraction of a living frog's sciatic nerve in response to temperature and chemicals.This led <mask> to study the anticholinesterases and the action of acetylcholine. Concurrent with his laboratory work <mask>, together with his wife Charmian, (a general practitioner) started training at the City Hospital, Birmingham and carrying out trials on patients with catatonic schizophrenia using amobarbital, amphetamines  and mephenesin. The results showed different responses and demonstrated the possible distribution of different controlling cells with the brain. This work, carried out between 1945 and 1950, brought the Elkes to the attention of the mental health milieu in the UK. In the early 1950s <mask> researched LSD and remained interested in the substance for some time, forming a friendship with pioneering LSD therapist Ronald Sandison in the mid 1950s, and in 1965 inviting Czech LSD therapist Stanislav Grof to come to Baltimore to research LSD as a clinical and research fellow at the Henry Phipps Clinic and in the Research Unit of Spring Grove State Hospital. In 1950 <mask> was awarded a Fulbright Travelling Fellowship in America where he worked at the New England Baptist Hospital in Boston and at Norwich State Hospital, Connecticut. On his return to Birmingham he was appointed chairman and professor of a new mental health department which he called The Department for Experimental Psychiatry.<mask> continued his work on anticholinesterase, acetylcholine blockers and amphetamines and their action on the activity of the brain and thus behaviour. At this time there was a chance discovery in France of a drug called chlorpromazine and in a double blind trial <mask> demonstrated the efficacy of this drug in controlling the symptoms of schizophrenia. By the mid-1950s <mask> had established himself as the leader in the developing field of psychopharmacology. In 1954 he instigated the first international Neurochemical Symposium in Oxford, England, and in 1957 he arranged the first World Health Organization group on psychotropic drugs. In the same year he was invited to set up an experimental psychiatry programme, the first Clinical Neuropharmacology Research Centre for the National Institute of Mental Health in Washington, D.C. He published a collection of academic papers and became one of the first to suggest the important role of chemicals in the functioning of the brain. Following his move to Washington he resided permanently in the United States.Elkes regarded the centre as an academic "greenhouse" in which he toiled as "a good gardener". In 2011 he described those time thus:

It was a wonderful heady time in the middle of a very chronic mental hospital. There were people coming from virtually all over the world and there were talks and discussions and excitement. At the same time there was always and always, which is what we had hoped, the presence of the patient. For example, you go to the canteen and there's a patient with schizophrenia hallucinating under a tree. You're never very far from the problem that bought you here. And, gradually there developed a sense of place, of belonging.Gradually, I realised that, my God, together we created something pretty wonderful. In 1963 <mask> took a post as chairman of psychiatry at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland. He renamed his department the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences and worked toward integrating psychiatry with the physical medicine disciplines. His educational innovations attracted a number of other medical luminaries to his department. Among them were Sol Snyder, Joseph Coyle, Ross Baldessarini and Joseph V. Brady. <mask> was the founder and first Chairman of the Board of Fellowship House, a residential intermediate-care rehabilitation facility for people with mental illness which still exists in a developed form to the modern day. <mask> left Johns Hopkins in 1974 and took a named professorship in McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, where he developed ideas about the need for self-awareness in physicians and the necessity to humanise medical education and training.He was also Emeritus Professor of Psychiatry at the University of Louisville, Kentucky, where he continued to develop his ideas of incorporating social, ethical and psychological dimensions with the biological foundation he had already created. He married Josephine Rhodes, and while living in Canada he returned to painting, a long-standing hobby. His summer home in Prince Edward Island, Canada, offered plenty of opportunity for this. It was also in their summer home on Prince Edward Island he completed his memoir on his father, Elkhanan <mask>. Awards and honours

 Elected first president of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology in 1961
 <mask> was also a Senior Fellow of the Fetzer Institute, Kalamazoo, Michigan. Distinguished Professor Emeritus at the Johns Hopkins University. Distinguished Professor Emeritus of the University of Louisville.Charter Fellow of The Royal College of Psychiatrists of the United Kingdom. Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada
 Life Fellow of the American Psychiatric Association
 Recipient of the Thomas William Salmon Medal (1964)
 Governor's Citation for Distinguished Service, State of Maryland. (1969)
 Elected Fellow and Senior Scholar of the Fetzer Institute, Kalamazoo, Michigan. Fellow of  the Royal Society of Arts and Sciences. (1974)
 Recipient of the International Hans Selye Award. (1994)
 Recipient of the International College of Neuropsychopharmacology Pfizer Pioneer Award at the CINP XXI Congress in Glasgow in 1998. And others.Family life

His father, Elkhanan <mask>, an eminent Lithuanian physician, was interned in 1941 in Kovno's ghettos where the Nazi military appointed him leader of the Jewish internees. In 1944 the ghetto was attacked and the occupants shipped to concentration camps where Elkhanan, three uncles, an aunt and nieces and nephews all died. <mask>' mother survived the Landsberg-Dachau concentration camp and came to London. She later emigrated to Israel with her daughter, Sara, where she died in the 70s. In December 1944 <mask> married Charmian Bourne. They had a daughter, Anna and later a granddaughter, Laura. Towards the end of his tenure in Johns Hopkins University (about 1974) he and Charmian divorced.Charmian died in 1996. He married his second wife Josephine Rhodes in December 1975, she died in 1999 During his time in Ontario <mask> wrote a memoir about his father. At his death he was married to Sally Lucke <mask>, an arts educator of Sarasota who encouraged him in his later water colour art work and arranged exhibitions of his work. Throughout his life <mask> was an active supporter of his Jewish faith. He was a member of the Board of Trustees of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, and chair of the Israeli Centre for Psychobiology. In 1989, together with Abba Eban, Zubin Mehta, and Daniel Inouye, he received an honorary degree from the Hebrew University. In 1991 <mask>'s sister, Sara, initiated a series of holocaust lectures in memory of their parents and using his memoir of his father <mask> delivered the inaugural address at the Stanley Burton Centre for Holocaust Studies in Leicester, England and in 1999 published the material.References

1913 births
2015 deaths
American centenarians
Men centenarians
American medical researchers
Alumni of St Mary's Hospital Medical School
Lithuanian emigrants to the United Kingdom
Lithuanian Jews
Lithuanian centenarians
British emigrants to the United States

masks:
Joel Elkes
Elkes
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title: Michael Cook (historian)

texts:
<mask> FBA (born in 1940) is a British historian and scholar of Islamic history. <mask> is the general editor of The New Cambridge History of Islam. Biography
<mask> developed an early interest in Turkey and Ottoman history and studied history and oriental studies at King's College, Cambridge 1959-1963 and did postgraduate studies at the School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS) of the University of London 1963–1966. He was lecturer in Economic History with reference to the Middle East at SOAS 1966-1984 and reader in the History of the Near and Middle East 1984–1986. In 1986, he was appointed Cleveland E. Dodge Professor of Near Eastern Studies at Princeton University. Since 2007, he has been Class of 1943 University Professor of Near Eastern Studies. He was a Guggenheim Fellow in Spring 1990.Research
In Hagarism: The Making of the Islamic World (1977), <mask> and his associate Patricia Crone provided a new analysis of early Islamic history by studying the only surviving contemporary accounts of the rise of Islam. They fundamentally questioned the historicity of the Islamic traditions about the beginnings of Islam. Thus they tried to produce the picture of Islam's beginnings only from non-Arabic sources. By studying the only surviving contemporary accounts of the rise of Islam, which were written in Armenian, Greek, Aramaic and Syriac by witnesses, they reconstructed a significantly different story of Islam's beginnings, compared with the story known from the Islamic traditions. <mask> and Crone claimed to be able to explain exactly how Islam came into being by the fusion of various near eastern civilizations under Arabic leadership. Later, <mask> refrained from this attempt of a detailed reconstruction of Islam's beginnings, and concentrated on Islamic ethics and law. Patricia Crone later suggested that the book was “a graduate essay" and "a hypothesis," not "a conclusive finding.”

In his work Commanding Right and Forbidding Wrong in Islamic Thought (Cambridge, 2000), <mask>, in the chapter on the doctrine of al-Amr bi'l-Maʿrūf wa'l-Nahy ʿan il-Munkar among the Ibāḍīs, makes a comparison between western and eastern Ibāḍism and with the doctrines of the other Islamic sects and schools.The eastern and western Ibāḍīs represent two distinct historical communities with largely separate literary heritages, at least until, roughly, the beginning of the twentieth century. There are occasional links between them: one shared literary borrowing (Māwardī, Ghazālī), the unusual doctrine that the verbal obligation does not lapse when the offender will not listen, the equally unusual interest in women as performers of the duty. Differences are likely to reflect the very different political histories of the two wings of the sect. In Oman, the resilience of the Imamate down the centuries finds obvious and direct expression in the frequency with which the Omani sources link forbidding wrong with this institution. In the West, where the vacuum left by the disappearance of the Imamate was filled in part by clerical organisation and authority, the scholars seem to have become less cautious about the role of the individual performer. Comparing the Ibāḍī doctrine of forbidding wrong with the doctrines of other Islamic sects and schools, the significant point is that, left aside the close association of forbidding wrong with righteous rebellion and state-formation which the Ibāḍīs share with the Zaydīs, Ibāḍī views do not in any systematic way diverge from those of the Islamic mainstream. <mask> is also known for synthetic works for a general audience, including The Koran: A Very Short Introduction (Oxford, 2000) and A Brief History of the Human Race (Norton, 2003).<mask> served as general editor of The New Cambridge History of Islam, which covers fourteen centuries of Muslim history. This  six-volume project was selected as winner of the 2011 Waldo G. Leland Prize for the “most outstanding reference tool in the field of history” published between 1 May 2006, and 30 April 2011. Criticism
R. B. Serjeant described Hagarism as "bitterly anti-Islamic" and "anti-Arabian" in 1978. <mask>'s most recent work, Ancient Religions, Modern Politics (2014), has been criticized by Duke Religion scholar, Bruce Lawrence, as an "anti-Islam manifesto." <mask> addresses his approach to navigating the politics of scholarship on Islam in a video for the Nicholas D. Chabraja Center for Historical Studies. In his words, he claims that "I personally see my academic role not as being anybody's advocate for or against. I hold onto a kind of ideal of objectivity, which I am sure I don't fully realize...I didn't like the philo-Islamic pull and I don't like the anti-Islamic pull.They are kind of a distraction from scholarship." Recognition

 In 2001 he was chosen to be a member of the American Philosophical Society. In 2001 he received the Albert Hourani Book Award
 In 2002 he received the prestigious $1.5 million Distinguished Achievement Award from the Mellon Foundation for significant contribution to humanities research. In 2004 he was chosen to be a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. In 2006 he won Howard T. Behrman Award for Distinguished Achievement in the Humanities at Princeton. In 2008 he won Farabi Award in the Humanities and Islamic Studies. In 2013 he and Patricia Crone were awarded an honorary doctorate at Leiden University.In 2014 he won the Holberg Prize
 In 2019 he won the Balzan Prize

Works
 Hagarism: The Making of the Islamic World, 1977, with Patricia Crone. Early Muslim Dogma: A Source-Critical Study, 1981. Muhammad (Past Masters), 1983. The Koran: A Very Short Introduction, 2000. Commanding Right and Forbidding Wrong in Islamic Thought, 2001 (Winner of the Albert Hourani Book Award). Forbidding Wrong in Islam: An Introduction (Themes in Islamic History), 2003. A Brief History of the Human Race, New York 2003.Studies in the Origins of Early Islamic Culture and Tradition, 2004. (ed. ): The New Cambridge History of Islam, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 2010. (six vols, 4,929pp)
 Ancient Religions, Modern Politics: The Islamic Case in Comparative Perspective, 2014

Works related to Ibadism
 <mask>, <mask>: (1981) Early muslim dogma. A source critical study. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1981. .
 <mask>, <mask>: (2000) Commanding right and forbidding wrong in Islamic thought. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000. .

Notes

External links
Faculty description page at Princeton University.In 384 pages? <mask> chronicles history of the human race by Jennifer Altmann, Princeton Weekly Bulletin, 14 June 2004

Historians of Islam
Alumni of King's College, Cambridge
Alumni of SOAS University of London
Academics of SOAS University of London
Princeton University faculty
1940 births
Living people
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
Members of the American Philosophical Society
Holberg Prize laureates
Farabi International Award recipients
Ibadi Islam
Ibadi studies
British expatriates in the United States
Corresponding Fellows of the British Academy

masks:
Michael Allan Cook
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Michael Cook
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Michael Cook
Michael Cook
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Michael
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title: Yulia Slonimskaya Sazonova

texts:
<mask> (, 19 September 1884 – 18 November 1957) was a Russian-born writer, theater critic and historian, actress, and puppeteer. Fleeing Russia after the October Revolution, she moved to France and continued her craft. She wrote and performed marionette shows in Europe and was one of the most prolific women dance and theater critics of the first half of the twentieth century. When World War II broke out, she moved to Portugal and later the United States, before returning to Paris. Early life
<mask>, known as Ditia, was born on 19 September 1884 in Saint Petersburg, in the Russian Empire to Faina Afanasievna (née Vengerova) and Leonid Zinovevich Slonimsky. The couple had at least 8 children, though only four survived, after Faina lost a set of triplets in 1887. Ditia was the second child in the family, after Alexander (born 1881) and was followed by Nicolas (born 1894), Vladimir (1895-1915), and Michael (1897-1972).Slonimskaya’s father was an editor of the Messenger of Europe and had trained to be a lawyer. Her mother had trained to be a medical doctor, though she did not complete her studies, and came from an artistic and literary family, including the pianist Isabella Vengerova, historian Semyon Vengerov, and Zinaida Vengerova, a noted translator and specialist on English and French literature. Her maternal grandmother, Pauline (née Epstien) Vengeroff,  had written a book about Jewish family life, Rememberings, in 1913, noted for being an early work giving a woman’s perspective. Though her maternal family had strong Jewish roots, Slonimskaya's mother, denied her heritage, often causing confusion for the siblings. Raised in Saint Petersburg, Slonimskaya attended the Bestuzhev Courses and, at her mother's insistence, pursued mathematical studies, though she also studied dance at the Imperial Ballet School and drama at the Imperial Theater School. After completing a course at the Theater School under Vladimir Davydov (ru) and Konstantin Stanislavski between 1905 and 1906, Slonimskaya was given the lead in a play written by Evgeny Chirikov, Jews in the theater company of . During the performance, she met the actor, Peter Sazonov, who she would later marry in 1908.Graduating after completion of her mathematics studies, Slonimskaya chose to focus on ballet and acting and was soon touring the provinces with productions and writing about history of dance and theater. Career
After her marriage, in the early 1910s, Sazonova began publishing articles on Russian puppet theater and critiques of ballet and ballet history in the magazine, Apollo (), challenging theories that they originated as art form of elites. Instead, she argued that the roots were in festivals and folk culture. In 1915, she wrote an analysis of Alexander Ostrovsky's work for the Imperial Theater Yearbook in which she argued that his plays could not be evaluated on the basis of the words alone, but that one must look for the symbolism behind the words to find the struggle for the human soul. In 1916, Sazonova staged an opulent production of The Forces of Love in Magic at the cabaret, "Comedian’s Halt" in Saint Petersburg. The play, based on a seventeenth-century French work, was jointly created by Sazonova and her husband and featured costumes and scenery designed by famous designers and music by noted musicians. That same year, she published an article evaluating marionettes in Apollo, which provided substantial historical information on the craft.In spite of the war situations, the Sazonovs tried to introduce the innovations being created in the craft to Russia over the next few years, but by 1920, Sazonova fled. She first went to the Crimea, where she met the artist . The two began an affair and <mask> discovered she was pregnant. She fled to Constantinople and then arrived in Sofia in 1921, where she gave birth to Millioti's son, Dmitri Petrovich Sazonov, giving him her husband’s name. By 1923, the couple were in Paris and <mask> had begun staging marionette plays again. One of <mask>'s first productions was a shadow play based on a traditional Turkish theme produced in 1924 by Natalia Goncharova. Between 1925 and 1926, she was extremely ill, after developing an infection as the result of an appendectomy.The experience changed her outlook on life in general, but specifically on art, which from that point forward, she maintained that traditions were improved by a fusion of cultural experiences. She maintained that people living in exile viewed their own cultures with an enhanced lens, because the interaction of cultures enhanced the best parts of diverse traditions and believed that censorship harmed artistic creation. By 1926, she had recovered sufficiently to take her puppet theater on the road, where her small wooden marionettes performed for the first time in The Hague. By 1930, <mask> was writing works evaluating the performances of Sergei Diaghilev, La Chorégraphie des ballets de Diaghilew, for the literary journal Čisla, reviewed the work of Anna Pavlova in a work of the same name for La Revue Musicale in 1931 and in 1937, published La Vie de la danse. Du ballet comique de La Reine á Icare, in which she analyzed the transmission of ballet from France to Russia and then back to France and the impact Serge Lifar had in that multi-layered process. <mask> was one of the most recognized women critics of dance in Paris in the first half of the twentieth century, publishing articles in La Nouvelle Revue Française and La Revue Musicale on a regular basis. With the outbreak of World War II, <mask> moved to Portugal and then to the United States.In spite of her limited skill with English, she found work as a teacher and continued writing. She returned to France in 1955 and was reunited with Millioti and her son, who were living in Paris. Death and legacy
<mask> died on 18 November 1957 and was buried in the Russian cemetery of Saint Genevieve-de-Bois, near Paris. References

Citations

Bibliography

1884 births
1957 deaths
Actresses from Saint Petersburg
Russian puppeteers
20th-century Russian women writers
20th-century Russian writers

masks:
Yulia Slonimskaya Sazonova
Yulia Leonidovna Slonimskaya
Sazonova
Sazonova
Sazonova
Sazonova
Sazonova
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Sazonova


title: Michael Johnson (footballer, born 1988)

texts:
<mask> (born 24 February 1988) is an English former professional footballer who played as a midfielder. <mask> was a product of the Leeds United, Feyenoord, Crewe Alexandra, Liverpool, Everton and Manchester City youth academies. He made his Premier League debut for City during the 2006–07 season and went on to become somewhat of a first team regular. While with City he was an England youth international, for both the under-19 and under-21 teams. Several injury setbacks that started during the 2008–09 season hampered his progress and he went on to only make four appearances for City in his final five years of his contract, playing his final match in a League Cup tie against Scunthorpe United in 2009. During the 2011–12 season <mask> was loaned out to Leicester City on a season long loan deal, but it was cut short due to injury. He was released from his contract with Manchester City in December 2012, over two years since his last appearance for the club.Club career

Youth career
<mask> began his youth career with Leeds United, joining Excelsior in 2000 and Everton in 2002. He joined his only senior club Manchester City in 2004, graduating to the first team in 2006. He was part of the Manchester City youth team that reached the 2006 FA Youth Cup Final. <mask> was skipper of the FA Youth Cup runners-up team in the absence of Micah Richards during the 2005–06 season and became the 20th Academy Graduate to progress from Platt Lane to the City first team, making his debut away for manager Stuart Pearce at Wigan on 21 October 2006. His ability to run with the ball, score goals and operate box-to-box caught the eye both locally and nationally. Manchester City

On 21 October 2006, he was rewarded for his progress and made his Manchester City debut in the Premier League, in a 4–0 defeat by Wigan Athletic at the JJB Stadium. His second start came in a 2–0 win over Middlesbrough in March 2007, the start of a run of seven consecutive first team appearances, which was ended by a hamstring injury which ruled him out of a match against Aston Villa.He scored his first goal for City in a 1–0 win over Derby County on 15 August 2007 at the City of Manchester Stadium; the first home league goal City had scored since the new year. <mask> spent the end of 2007 and early 2008 out of the team with an abdominal injury during which time he would have a double-hernia operation. He returned to action on 29 February 2008, playing the full 90 minutes in City's goal-less home draw with Wigan. <mask> finished the 2007–08 season with three goals. <mask> started the 2008–09 season in good form, linking well with players such as Stephen Ireland and Elano in the first few matches of the season, however after this, <mask> failed to feature for nearly a year due to a recurrence of his abdominal injury after City's League Cup defeat by Brighton & Hove Albion on 24 September 2008. He would not return for nearly seven months when he played for the reserve team in April, but <mask> would not feature for the first team until the following pre-season. <mask> made his return to action in City's pre-season match against South African team Orlando Pirates during the Vodacom Challenge, but a strain picked up in the warm-up for the next match ruled him out.<mask> made his first appearance of the 2009–10 season on 28 September 2009 in a 3–1 victory over West Ham United, coming on as a sub for Gareth Barry. On 28 October, <mask> scored his first goal in over a year in a League Cup tie against Scunthorpe United. On 10 December 2009, Manchester City announced that <mask> had suffered a serious knee injury in training which ruled him out of action until the end of the season. On 27 July 2011, <mask> signed a season-long loan deal with Leicester City, managed by former Manchester City manager Sven-Göran Eriksson. However, his loan spell ended prematurely, in January 2012, when he sustained an injury, after making only nine appearances for the club. In January 2013, it was reported that <mask> had been released from Manchester City prior to 25 December 2012. This was revealed after a photograph surfaced of him looking overweight and unfit.<mask> had only made four competitive first team appearances for City in his final five seasons, failing to make a single appearance for the club in the last three campaigns. The apparent demise of his promising career was lamented by a number of those that had worked with him. Former Manchester City teammate Dietmar Hamann described him as an "outstanding" midfielder that reminded him of his Germany teammate <mask>. Former manager Eriksson said that he was "An excellent player ... everyone thought he would become the next big star for England". City manager Roberto Mancini said: "A guy with a big talent – I am sad for him". International career
<mask> represented England at under-19 level and under-21 level. Personal life
<mask> was born in Urmston, Greater Manchester.In February 2012, <mask> was arrested for drunk driving when police in Manchester city centre pulled him over and breathalysed him. While on bail for this offence, he was arrested again following a crash in the early hours in Trafford. Then again in June 2012 <mask> was arrested on suspicion of drunk driving at the scene of a collision after he crashed his Mercedes into a parked car while travelling to his girlfriend's house in Urmston. In September 2012 he was fined a total of £5,500 for all three offences by Manchester Magistrates Court. In an interview with the Manchester Evening News following his release from Manchester City, he stated that he had been under treatment for several years by The Priory Clinic for mental health problems. <mask> added that he "would be grateful if I could now be left alone to live the rest of my life." In January 2015, <mask> opened his own estate agent's business in his hometown of Urmston.Career statistics

References

External links

<mask> profile Manchester City website (archived)

<mask> profile Premier League

1988 births
Living people
People from Urmston
Footballers from Greater Manchester
English footballers
Association football midfielders
Everton F.C. players
Manchester City F.C. players
Leicester City F.C. players
Premier League players
English Football League players
England youth international footballers
England under-21 international footballers
British estate agents (people)

masks:
Michael Johnson
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Michael Ballack
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Michael Johnson
Michael Johnson