title: Jonathan Moulton

texts:
Brigadier General <mask> (; July 21, 1726 – September 18, 1787) played an important role in the early history of New Hampshire and many tales of his adventures would become legendary. He is the namesake of the town of Moultonborough in Carroll County, New Hampshire. Early colonial life and King George's War
<mask> was born in the town of North Hampton. He spent much of his childhood as an apprentice (indentured servant) to a cabinetmaker. In 1745, he won his freedom and left the cabinet making trade. He worked as a silversmith and formed the Moulton and Towle Silversmithing Company. He ended up leaving the silversmithing trade to his partner and the company is still called Towle Silversmithing Company today, where it still manufactures silverware and kitchen utensils.He was appointed as a captain of a ranger company in the New Hampshire Militia. In the same year, he was with the New England army under the command of William Pepperrell that took Fortress Louisbourg from the French. For the rest of King George's War, <mask> fought against the Ossipee Indians that were allied to the French around Lake Winnipesaukee until they were killed or driven to Canada. During one winter scout from Dover, New Hampshire, Capt. <mask> and his men ambushed six Ossipee warriors on the ice of Lake Winniepesaukee. Five of the warriors were killed in the first volley and the sixth ran away, followed closely by <mask>'s massive black dog that attacked and killed the fleeing warrior. The Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended the war in 1748.It would be only six years until the next war between Britain and France. After the end of the war in 1749, <mask> married Abigail Smith. Together they had eleven children. Also during this time, <mask> opened a store in Hampton and started importing goods from Europe and the West Indies. French and Indian War until the American Revolution
With the resumption of the colonial struggle in 1754 with the French and Indian War, <mask> once again served as a captain in the New Hampshire Militia and was elected to the New Hampshire General Court. After the end of the French and Indian War, <mask> was granted large tracts of land on the north side of Lake Winnipesaukee in the towns of Moultonborough (named after himself), New Hampton, Tamworth, Center Harbor and Sandwich, by the governors Benning Wentworth and John Wentworth. In 1764, with the wreck of the mast-ship St. George off the coast of Hampton, Moulton and many of the other town residents salvaged many of the goods aboard for their own profit.In the early morning hours of March 15, 1769, <mask>'s mansion burned to the ground. This fire helped to start one of the most interesting legends about him as the "Yankee Faust". The American Revolution
During the events that led up to the American Revolution, <mask> was elected as moderator of the Hampton town meetings, chosen as a member of the Committee of Safety, appointed as a delegate to the patriot assembly at Exeter, New Hampshire, and commissioned as the Colonel of the 3rd New Hampshire Regiment of Militia. On September 21, 1775, his wife Abigail died of smallpox. A year later, he married Sarah Emery, with whom he fathered four more children. For the first two years of the American Revolutionary War, Col. <mask>'s regiment guarded the 18-mile seacoast of New Hampshire against British invasion. But in the fall of 1777, he marched with his men to the Battle of Saratoga in New York and the defeat of Lt. General John Burgoyne's British army invading from Canada.Col. <mask> and the 3rd New Hampshire Militia served in Gen. John Stark's brigade during the battle. He was promoted to Brigadier General by George Washington who was impressed with his battlefield skills. Post-war
After the end of the American Revolution, <mask> continued his role in the New Hampshire militia. On March 25, 1785, he was created Brigadier General of the 1st Brigade of the New Hampshire Militia. <mask> was rewarded lands (for his successes during the war) in the lakes region of New Hampshire and founded the town of Moultonborough. He settled in North Hampton, New Hampshire and was one of the first people to paint his house colonial white. This was not a popular decision with some of the local townspeople since paint had to be imported from Britain.<mask> participated in a feud over farm land with a neighbor which was exacerbated by a series of slanderous editorials written in The Boston Post, Boston's major newspaper at the time. The feud became part of a civil suit in which the judge, a long time friend of the general, ruled in his favor. Mysteriously, the <mask>'s barn was burned down and no one ever claimed responsibility. He expressed that he was more upset about losing the animals than losing the barn itself, which could be re-built. He died at the age of 61 on September 18, 1787. His body was moved in the middle of the night before burial and his tombstone disappeared. Two years later, in 1789, George Washington stopped and paid his respects to General <mask>'s widow Sarah on his tour of the new United States of America.Supernatural legends
During his life, <mask> was a controversial figure in the Province of New Hampshire and later the state. The Yankee Faust
In the first legend, in which his house burns down, it was said that he had made a deal with the Devil and had outsmarted him by saying that he would sell his soul to the devil if the devil would fill his boots up with gold coins on the first of every month. <mask> found the largest set of boots in all of the Province of New Hampshire. The next month the devil returned to fill up the boots with gold, but no matter how many gold coins he poured in the boots they would not fill. <mask> had cut off the soles of the boots and put the boots over a hole in the floor and all the gold coins fell into the basement of the house. The devil, after being outsmarted by <mask>, burned down his house in revenge. The gold coins disappeared.The New Wife and The Old, written by John Greenleaf Whittier
In the second tale, the ghost of <mask>'s first wife Abigail appears on his wedding night and takes the ring off the finger of his new wife Sarah as the two are in bed together. In a final legendary story, a pallbearer at <mask>'s funeral opened his coffin to find it empty, replaced by a box of gold coins with the devil stamped on them. <mask> was in fact buried without a tombstone and the site of his grave is now unknown. See also
John Goffe
John Lovewell
John Greenleaf Whittier

References

State Builders: An Illustrated Historical and Biographical Record of the State of New Hampshire. State Builders Publishing, Manchester, NH 1903

External links
"General <mask>", Lane Memorial Library, Hampton, NH

1726 births
1787 deaths
American militia generals
The Devil in legend
New Hampshire folklore
New Hampshire militiamen in the American Revolution
People from North Hampton, New Hampshire
People of colonial New Hampshire
People of New Hampshire in the French and Indian War
United States Army Rangers

masks:
Jonathan Moulton
Jonathan Moulton
Moulton
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Jonathan Moulton


title: David Abrahams (businessman)

type: original

texts:
<mask> (born 13 November 1944) is an English entrepreneur, philanthropist and political activist. Early life
<mask> was born in Newcastle upon Tyne, and brought up in Whitley Bay as the only child in a strongly political family. His father <mask> (1906–1990) was a Labour councillor for the Monkchester ward of Newcastle City Councilfor 35 years, and served as the city's Lord Mayor for one year in 1981-2. His mother <mask> was a concert hall violinist for the Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra and a Labour councillor in Newcastle. Abrahams was educated at Ascham House preparatory school, now Newcastle School for Boys in Gosforth, and passed his 11+ to Rutherford Grammar School. In 1977, Mohammed Ali paid a visit to the Abrahams family home in Gosforth, where his 105-year-old Grandmother Annie Abrahams chatted to him about the underprivileged. In July 1979, he accompanied his Grandmother aged 107 to meet the Queen at Buckingham Palace.Political career

<mask> was a councillor for the Labour Party on Tyne and Wear County Council for two and a half years from 1978 to 1981 when he lost to the Liberal candidate <mask> who took 60% of the vote in a two way contest. His special interest was economic development. He was selected in 1990 as the Labour candidate for Richmond, Yorkshire in the 1992 general election. In 1997 he was unsuccessful in his attempt at selection for the safe Labour seat of Wansbeck near Newcastle. A close associate of Tony Blair and Lord Levy during the New Labour-era, Abrahams faced high-profile media accusations in 2007 that he had secretly made £630,000 in donations to the Labour Party, by channelling the donations through four different individuals in what was thought to have been a breach of the electoral law on transparent disclosure. The Donorgate scandal put pressure on then Prime Minister Gordon Brown who set up an internal enquiry, although no report has ever been published. <mask> was subsequently cleared of any wrongdoing by the police, in April 2008.In April 2016, following remarks made by a Labour MP Naz Shah and the former Mayor of London, Ken Livingstone, <mask> said that he would no longer financially support the Labour party, alleging that it was becoming increasingly anti-semitic. In an article for The Guardian he accused the hard left of perverting the principles of social justice and liberal, progressive politics. Following the election of Keir Starmer as Leader of the Labour Party, <mask> resumed making regular donations. In December 2020, Muslim groups, including the Muslim Council of Britain, called on Starmer to take action against Abrahams as a result of online comments he'd made, which were described as "abhorrent and Islamophobic" and "deeply disturbing". Among his comments was the claim that Muslims have "mixed loyalties"; he also stated "Don’t think I know how to divide political Islam from moderates and fundamentalists. It is the very nature of the beast!" and, commenting on Israel, he claimed that it was a "brand new hi-tech state with new inventions to benefit mankind" while its "close neighbours chose terrorism and invented suicide bombers".Mish Rahman, a member of the National Executive Committee of the Labour Party, called on Starmer to return Abrahams donations. Other Interests

<mask> is a Freeman of the City of London and a member of the Reform Club in Pall Mall. <mask> has been an active supporter of peace initiatives in the Middle East. His diplomatic efforts in many Middle East countries brought him into contact with Yasser Arafat as well as Hamas and other leaders establishing grounds for ongoing dialogue. In 2010 it was reported that Abrahams had met senior Hamas officials including Palestinian Legislative Council speaker Aziz Dwaik and had appeared to wrest a significant change in tone from the Palestinian leadership. He indicated that Hamas officials were prepared to accept – but not necessarily recognise – the existence of Israel, and they would be prepared to nullify the part of the Hamas charter that calls for the obliteration of Israel. He became Vice President of Royal United Services Institute (RUSI), in Whitehall in 2008, and subsequently its first global ambassador.His first mission was to organise a conference of Arab foreign ministers to discuss normalisation of relations with Israel and the establishment of a Palestinian state. During his term of office, he focused on promoting peace within the MENA region paying personal visits to most of the countries to discuss security and defence issues as well as geopolitical alliances whilst attending many conferences at the UN and throughout the area. Whilst at RUSI he initiated the All Party Parliamentary Group on Defence and Diplomacy and is one of their global ambassadors. In August 2013, Royal United Services Institute named <mask> as new senior vice president. In 2013 it was reported that he had donated two tranches of £250,000 to found a chair in International Politics of the Middle East at Warwick University from 2005. He has also served as Vice-Chairman of the Jewish Labour Movement, Acting Director of Labour Friends of Israel and on the Executive of the Trade Union Friends of Israel. Since 1968, he has been involved North East Prisons After Care Society (NEPACS).He is currently a trustee and Board Member. He is a former founder and Vice Chair of North East Alzheimer’s Society and was for many years National Director of The Campaign For Pensioner Poverty. He served for twelve years as a trustee and on the executive of The Council for Christians and Jews, becoming their Director of Parliamentary Affairs. Business
Abrahams founded the nationwide “London Girl” group of fashion shops and a chain of hotels in the north east. He has developed more than a hundred new homes in the former pit village of Haswell. In an interview with the Guardian he spoke of the need to create jobs for people in “pit villages where there's a lot of deprivation, drugs and crime. People with nothing to do”.In 2009, <mask> obtained planning permission to build a 540-acre business park to create jobs on a site which he owned, near Bowburn, outside Durham, with onsite connectivity to the main Edinburgh-London railway line and off Junction 61 on the A1(M). He said he would donate the profits from building the business park to “causes he has supported in the past”. In 2010, <mask> was reported to be in talks with 15 potential tenants for a 540-acre site on the edge of Durham. He was subsequently reported to be selling the site. In 2018, it was reported that the Integra 61 project on the site would include industrial units, offices, a hotel, shops, gym, care home, pub and GP surgery. Persimmon Homes obtained permission to build up to 270 houses on the site. In 2019, it was reported that Amazon had bought part of the site and were building a warehouse of almost 2 million square which would create 4,000 new jobs.It is set to open in September 2020. References

1944 births
Living people
British businesspeople
Labour Party (UK) parliamentary candidates
People from Newcastle upon Tyne
Labour Friends of Israel
Jewish British politicians

masks:
David Martin Abrahams
Abrahams
Bennie Abrahams
Marion Marcelline Abrahams
Abrahams
David Howarth
Abrahams
Abrahams
Abrahams
Abrahams
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David Petraeus
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Abrahams


title: Aribert Reimann

texts:
<mask> (born 4 March 1936) is a German composer, pianist and accompanist, known especially for his literary operas. His version of Shakespeare's King Lear, the opera Lear, was written at the suggestion of Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau, who sang the title role. His opera Medea after Grillparzer's play premiered in 2010 at the Vienna State Opera. He was a professor of contemporary Lied in Hamburg and Berlin. In 2011, he was awarded the Ernst von Siemens Music Prize for his life's work. Life and career

Reimann was born in Berlin. He studied composition, counterpoint and piano at the Musikhochschule Berlin with Boris Blacher and Ernst Pepping, among others.During his studies, he worked as a repetiteur at the Städtische Oper. His first appearances as a pianist and accompanist were in 1957. In the early 1970s, he became a member of the Akademie der Künste in Berlin. He was professor of contemporary Lied at the Musikhochschule Hamburg from 1974 to 1983, then at Berlin's Hochschule der Künste from 1983 to 1998. Besides his work as composer and music teacher, Reimann is co-editor and pianist of the Edition Zeitgenössisches Lied (contemporary song) CD series of the record laber Orfeo, edition, together with Axel Bauni. Reimann's reputation as a composer has increased greatly with several great literary operas, including Lear and Das Schloß. Besides these, he has written chamber music, orchestral works and songs.He has been honoured repeatedly, including the Grand Cross of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany and the Order of Merit of Berlin. Invited by Walter Fink, he was the seventh composer featured in the annual  of the Rheingau Musik Festival in 1997, in songs and chamber music with the Auryn Quartet, playing the piano himself. His commissioned work, Cantus for Clarinet and Orchestra, dedicated to the clarinetist and composer Jörg Widmann, was premiered on 13 January 2006, in the WDR's Large Broadcasting Hall in Cologne, Germany, in the presence of the composer, who claims the work was inspired by Claude Debussy's compositions for clarinet. His opera Medea, after Franz Grillparzer, was premiered at the Vienna State Opera in 2010, conducted by Michael Boder, with Marlis Petersen in the title role. In 2011 he was awarded the Ernst von Siemens Music Prize "for his life's work". ), »Vanitatis fuga, Aeternitatis amor«. Wolfgang Witzenmann zum 65.Geburtstag, »Analecta Musicologica«, vol. 36, Laaber (Laaber) 2005, pp. 689–695. Siglind Bruhn, <mask> Reimanns Vokalmusik. Waldkirch, Edition Gorz 2016. Wolfgang Burde, <mask> Reimann, Mainz (Schott) 2005. Albert Gier, Zurück zu Shakespeare!Claus H. Hennebergs Lear-Libretto für <mask> Reimann und seine englische Übersetzung von Desmond Clayton, in: Herbert Schneider/Rainer Schmusch (eds. ), Librettoübersetzung: Interkulturalität im europäischen Musiktheater, Hildesheimn (Olms) 2009, »Musikwissenschaftliche Publikationen«, vol. 32), pp. 329–349. Kii-Ming Lo, Unsichtbarer Herrscher über ein gehorsames Volk. <mask> Reimanns Oper »Das Schloß« nach Franz Kafka, in: Peter Csobádi, Gernot Gruber, Ulrich Müller et al. (eds.), »Weine, weine, du armes Volk!« ─ Das verführte und betrogene Volk auf der Bühne, »Kongreßbericht Salzburg 1994«, Anif/Salzburg (Müller-Speiser) 1995, pp. 663–674. Jürgen Maehder, <mask> Reimanns »Nachtstück« ─ Studien zu musikalischer Struktur und Sprachvertonung, in: Aurora (»Jahrbuch der Eichendorff-Gesellschaft«) 36/1976, p. 107-121. Jürgen Maehder, <mask> Reimanns »Lear« ─ Anmerkungen zu einigen Strukturproblemen der Literaturoper, program book for the world premiere at the Bavarian State Opera in Munich, München (Bayerische Staatsoper) 1978, pp. 61–73. Jürgen Maehder, Anmerkungen zu einigen Strukturproblemen der Literaturoper, in: Klaus Schultz (ed. ), <mask> Reimanns »Lear«.Weg einer neuen Oper, München (dtv) 1984, pp. 79–89. Jürgen Maehder, <mask> <mask> and Paul Celan: The Setting of Hermetic Poetry in the Contemporary German Lied, in: Claus Reschke/Howard Pollack (eds. ), German Literature and Music. An Aesthetic Fusion: 1890─1989, »Houston German Studies«, vol. 8, München (Fink) 1992, pp. 263–292.Jürgen Maehder, Étude sur le théâtre musical d'<mask> Reimann ─ de »Lear« à »La sonate des spectres«, programme de salle pour l'Opéra National du Rhin, Strasbourg (TNOR) 1998, pp. 27–45. Jürgen Maehder, Untersuchungen zum Musiktheater <mask> Reimanns. Musikalische Dramaturgie in »Lear« und »Die Gespenstersonate«, in: Jürgen Kühnel/Ulrich Müller/Oswald Panagl (eds. ), Musiktheater der Gegenwart. Text und Komposition, Rezeption und Kanonbildung, Anif/Salzburg (Müller-Speiser) 2008, . Jürgen Maehder, <mask> <mask> et Paul Celan.La mise en musique de la poésie hermétique dans le lied allemand contemporain, in: Antoine Bonnet/ Frédéric Marteau (eds. ), Paul Celan, la poésie, la musique. »Avec une clé changeante«, Paris (Hermann) 2015, . Klaus Schultz (ed. ), <mask> Reimanns »Lear«. Weg einer neuen Oper, München (dtv) 1984. Ulrich Tadday (ed.), <mask> <mask>, »Musik-Konzepte«, vol. 139, München (text + kritik) 2008. Anselm Weyer: Günter Grass und die Musik (= »Kölner Studien zur Literaturwissenschaft«, vol. 16). Peter Lang, Frankfurt am Main u. a. 2007,  (Zugleich: Köln, Universität, Dissertation, 2005). Sigrid Wiesmann (ed.), Für und Wider die Literaturoper'', »Thurnauer Schriften zum Musiktheater«, vol. 6, Laaber (Laaber) 1982. External links

Interview with <mask> Reimann, 16 May 1997

1936 births
Living people
20th-century classical composers
21st-century classical composers
German opera composers
Male opera composers
Musicians from Berlin
Recipients of the Pour le Mérite (civil class)
Knights Commander of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
Recipients of the Order of Merit of Berlin
Composers awarded knighthoods
Musicians awarded knighthoods
Members of the Academy of Arts, Berlin
German male classical composers
20th-century German composers
Ernst von Siemens Music Prize winners
21st-century German composers
20th-century German male musicians
21st-century German male musicians

masks:
Aribert Reimann
Aribert
Aribert
Aribert
Aribert
Aribert
Aribert
Aribert
Aribert
Reimann
Aribert
Aribert
Aribert
Reimann
Aribert
Aribert
Reimann
Aribert


title: Mark Coeckelbergh

texts:
<mask> (born 1975) is a Belgian philosopher of technology. He is Professor of Philosophy of Media and Technology at the Department of Philosophy of the University of Vienna and former President of the Society for Philosophy and Technology. He was previously Professor of Technology and Social Responsibility at De Montfort University in Leicester, UK, Managing Director of the 3TU Centre for Ethics and Technology, and a member of the Philosophy Department of the University of Twente. Before moving to Austria, he has lived and worked in Belgium, the UK, and the Netherlands. He is the author of several books, including Growing Moral Relations (2012), Human Being @ Risk (2013), Environmental Skill (2015), Money Machines (2015), New Romantic Cyborgs (2017), Moved by Machines (2019), the textbook Introduction to Philosophy of Technology (2019), and AI Ethics (2020). He has written many articles and is an expert in ethics of artificial intelligence. He is best known for his work in philosophy of technology and ethics of robotics and artificial intelligence (AI), he has also published in the areas of moral philosophy and environmental philosophy.Early life and education
<mask> was born in 1975 in Leuven, Belgium. He was first educated in social sciences and political sciences at the University of Leuven (Licentiaat, 1997), before moving to the UK where he studied philosophy. He received his master's degree from the University of East Anglia (MA in Social Philosophy, 1999)  and his PhD from the University of Birmingham (PhD in Philosophy, 2003). During the time of his PhD study he also painted, wrote poems, played piano, and worked on engineering ethics at the University of Bath (UK) and at the Belgian nuclear research centre SCK-CEN. Career
In 2003 he started teaching at the University of Maastricht in the Netherlands and in 2007 he was Assistant Professor at the Philosophy Department of the University of Twente, also in the Netherlands. In the same year he received the Prize of the Dutch Society for Bioethics (with J. Mesman). In Twente he started working on the ethics of robotics.In 2013 he became Managing Director of the 3TU Centre for Ethics and Technology. During his time in Twente he published many articles on philosophy of technology (especially robotics) and he was regularly interviewed about the ethics of drone technology. In 2014 he was appointed full professor, before the age of 40, at the Centre of Computing and Social Responsibility, De Montfort University in Leicester, UK, a position he held through early 2019. In 2014 he was nominated for the World Technology Awards in the Ethics category. In December 2015 he joined the Department of Philosophy of the University of Vienna as full Professor of Philosophy of Media and Technology. Coeckelbergh is the President of the Society for Philosophy and Technology, a member of the High Level Expert Group on Artificial Intelligence for the European Commission, a member of the Austrian robotics council (Rat für Robotik), inaugurated by the Austrian Ministry for Transport, Innovation and Technology, and a member of the Austrian Advisory Council on Automated Mobility. He is also a member of the editorial advisory boards of AI and Sustainable Development, The AI Ethics Journal, Cognitive Systems Research, Science and Engineering Ethics, International Journal of Technoethics, Techne, Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society,  Journal of Posthuman Studies, Kairos.Journal of Philosophy & Science, Technology & Regulation (TechReg), and The Journal of Sociotechnical Critique. Moreover, he is a fellow of the World Technology Network (WTN) and finalist of the World Technology Award 2017. Recently, Coeckelbergh joined the Technical Expertise Committee at the Foundation of Responsible Robotics, along with Charles Ess and Kevin Kelly. Works

Following his articles on robot ethics and his book Growing Moral Relations, Coeckelbergh has been attributed a 'relational turn' in thinking about moral status. In his articles Coeckelbergh argues for a phenomenological and relational approach to the philosophy of robotics. His theory on 'Social Relationalism' in regards to Artificial Intelligence and Morality is discussed by Gunkel and Cripe in their paper entitled 'Apocalypse Not, or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Machine'. He has published mainly on robot ethics and ICT in health care, but also on many other topics.He also wrote a book on vulnerability and technology (Human Being @ Risk) in which he proposes an 'anthropology of vulnerability' and engages with discussions about human enhancement and transhumanism. His first books are about freedom, autonomy, and the role of imagination in moral reasoning. Later books discuss the problem of disengagement and distancing in the use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) and society's relation to the environment: in Environmental Skill he argues against modern and romantic ways of relating to the environment and in Money Machines he discusses new financial ICTs. In New Romantic Cyborgs he investigates the relation between technology and romanticism and reflects on what he calls "the end of the machine". He also wrote opinion articles in The Guardian and in Wired. Coeckelbergh's textbook on philosophy of technology,'Introduction to Philosophy of Technology', has been roundly praised by other academics working in the same field. Shannon Vallor of Santa Clara University calls it a “model of philosophical clarity” while Diane Michelfelder of Macalster College rates the book as “...excellent.One can imagine students getting excited about the philosophy of technology, and philosophy in general, from reading Coeckelbergh's work.”

Coeckelbergh's book New Romantic Cyborgs has been described as offering 'a whole new way of looking at our use of technologies' and he has been called 'one of the most versatile, profound, and original thinkers in the contemporary philosophy of technology.' David Seng, University of Arizona, writes: 'One of the strengths of this book is that it is provides a critical process of inquiry and helpful analysis of inherited philosophical orientations regarding the relationship between technology and society.' A review by Roland Legrand for De Tijd especially compliments <mask>h's analysis of virtual worlds, among other aspects of the book. Wendell Wallach of Yale University, USA, referring to 'Money Machines' comments: “<mask>h is recognized internationally for illuminating the manner in which information and communication technologies (ICTs) create new forms of “distancing” and in particular “moral distancing”. This important book extends that analysis to underscore the hidden ways ICTs shape money and global finance, alter relationships, and undermine responsibility”. Also, Keir James Cecil Martin writes about Money Machines: "Coeckelbergh’s view of money as a technology of relationality that shortens some geographical and temporal distances, whilst simultaneously widening moral and social gaps (…) has much to offer to anthropological debates on the nature of finance and money." Marks publications that have been peer-reviewed and received reviews include: Money Machines  'Environmental Skill', 'Human Being @Risk'  and 'Growing Moral Relations'  as well as articles and other peer-reviewed research publications.For example, David Gunkel has written in his review in Ethics and Information Technology that Growing Moral Relations is 'a real game changer' and 'a penetrating analysis of moral status'. Jac Swart has called the book 'an important contribution to animal ethics' and Frank Jankunis says in his review that it is 'an impressive contribution to the literature on moral status'. Yoni Van Den Eede has called Human Being @ Risk 'one of the most comprehensive and fine-grained in the current literature' and Pieter Lemmens has written that the book ''is thoroughly unique and original in showing the importance and extreme usefulness of philosophical anthropology and the phenomenological tradition for thinking through the consequences of the epochal technological mutations of our time'. Bert-Jaap Koops calls Human Being @ Risk  'an important and original book' and on the website of the Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies Nikki Olson writes: 'Coeckelbergh develops an impressive case that all our technological and social measures create new sources of vulnerability … Coeckelbergh drives home an important point for our debates about the human future. … Human Being @ Risk identifies important choices that we must debate as we imagine and (to a limited extent) plan the future of humanity. It raises issues that are fundamental to ongoing thinking about how to better the human condition.' Carl Mitcham writes about Environmental Skill that it is 'an insightful argument for an environmental philosophy that draws on the resources of and at the same time extends work in philosophy of technology.The notion of skilled engagement with the world as this has emerged from pragmatism and phenomenology is here deepened and re-thought in an effort to understand and respond to the challenges of living in a techno-transformed nature.' Jochem Zwier and Andrea Gammon say in their critical but sympathetic review: 'One of the strong points of Coeckelbergh’s diagnosis is that it deepens the discussions regarding environmental concerns and the problem of motivation by laying bare the modern roots of these phenomena.' Tara Kennedy has published a review of the book in Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews. She writes: 'There is much for contemporary environmentalists to find compelling about Coeckelbergh's account, being not only an interesting analysis of the factors at work in motivation but also a convincing and optimistic approach to the problem.' She questions Coeckelbergh's interpretation of Heidegger but also praises 'Coeckelbergh's effectiveness in articulating a compelling account of the problem of motivation and how the development of an ethics of skilled engagement with the environment, a focus on habit and virtue, would find us better equipped to deal with the environmental crises we face. It is a welcome and interesting addition to a field in need of voices focused on bringing about meaningful, practical change.' And Louke van Wensveen writes in her review in the journal Environmental Ethics that the book reminds us of 'an overly autistic, obsessively controlling tendency in Western philosophical and everyday cultures.Such a distancing pattern and its ideological scaffolding prevent environmental action.' <mask>'s recent book New Romantic Cyborgs has been described as offering 'a whole new way of looking at our use of technologies' and he has been called 'one of the most versatile, profound, and original thinkers in the contemporary philosophy of technology.' David Seng, University of Arizona, writes: 'One of the strengths of this book is that it is provides a critical process of inquiry and helpful analysis of inherited philosophical orientations regarding the relationship between technology and society.' A review by Roland Legrand for De Tijd especially compliments <mask>h's analysis of virtual worlds, among other aspects of the book. In the Media

Coeckelbergh has appeared regularly in Dutch (and British) media talking about the ethics of drone technology. He has talked about the ethical development of drones in relation to surveillance in an article for Kennislink entitled 'The Irrepressible Drone' and about the ethics of drone fighting for Universonline. He has been interviewed on live radio for BBC radio Leicester  where on 15 April 2015 he talked about drone technology and discussed robots that cook food.On 11 June 2013 he appeared on Dutch national television for the Een Vandaag programme also talking about drones   and has appeared in articles for the Dutch newspaper Trouw on the subject of environmental philosophy  and 'Down To Earth' magazine (Netherlands) discussing drones for environmental purposes. In 2015 he was also interviewed about drones in Stedelijk Interieur, a Dutch magazine on public space. In August and September 2015 Coeckelbergh's book "Money Machines" received media attention: he was interviewed on BBC Radio Leicester, in the Leicester Mercury where he warns for a growing reliance on computer algorithms in global finance, and in the Belgian national newspaper De Standaard, which printed a large article on the book in its weekend edition of 12 September 2015. In the De Standaard interview (in Dutch), Coeckelbergh warns that we might delegate too much to technology, and that we lack control and overview. The ethical and societal influence of new technologies may be invisible but is and remains powerful. But, he argues, if technology is part of the problem, it is also part of the solution: we need to develop new, alternative technologies and technological practices, also in the financial world. Coeckelbergh has also been quoted in international mainstream media such as CNN and has a profile at the Guardian  due to many comments from readers responding to his article regarding his thoughts about the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill.On 6 November 2012 Coeckelbergh was Interviewed by Stephen Edwards for a report appearing in the Economist newspaper Intelligence Unit (EIU) exploring the interaction between humans and technology. In 2014 Coeckelbergh received much response on social media by other philosophers such as Evan Selinger  for his Wired magazine article with posts appearing on Twitter and Facebook. Coeckelbergh's paper entitled 'Humans, Animals, and Robots: A Phenomenological Approach to Human-Robot Relations' was referenced in an online article for Dailydot.com entitled 'sex and love in the robot age' where human-robot relations were discussed. He also wrote an opinion article with Katleen Gabriels in the Dutch newspaper nrc.next which questions a call for banning sex robots and asks attention for (more) pressing societal issues, and was interviewed about his critical comments on the campaign in the Leicester Mercury. In May 2017 he has been included in the top of tech pioneers named by the Belgian newspaper De Tijd, in the category leaders and thinkers. Public Talks

Coeckelbergh has a long record of international public speaking appearances for diverse audiences at academic, public policy, legal, and business events. Recent examples since 2018 include the President's Keynote at SPT 2019 (Austin, TX), keynotes at ECSS 2018 (Gothenburg, Sweden), Robotiuris 2019 (Madrid, Spain), OtroMundo International Congress (Medellín, Colombia), SOLAIR 2019 (Prague, Czech Republic), INBOTS 2018 (Pisa, Italy),  and invited talks at University of Sydney's "Sydney Ideas" lecture series, Chung-Ang University (Seoul, South Korea), Beijing Forum 2019, UNAM (Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico), Workshop at Illinois Institute of Technology (Chicago, Illinois), and others.A full listing of his talks can be found on his website. Academics References
From his more than 100 academic publications Coeckelbergh has been cited hundreds of times, for example his publications in Ethical Theory & Moral Practice, Science, Technology and Human Values, Ethics and Information Technology, International Journal of Social Robotics, and AI & Society. Human Being @ Risk (2013) is his most cited book. References

External links

blog
twitter page
Research group Philosophy of Media and Technology at University of Vienna

1975 births
Living people
Alumni of the University of East Anglia
Alumni of the University of Birmingham
21st-century Belgian philosophers
Artificial intelligence researchers
Artificial intelligence ethicists

masks:
Mark Coeckelbergh
Mark Coeckelbergh
Mark Coeckelberg
Mark Coeckelberg
Coeckelbergh
Mark Coeckelberg


title: Chaim Leib Shmuelevitz

texts:
<mask>, ( ;1902–1979) — also spelled Shmulevitz — was a member of the faculty of the Mirrer Yeshiva for more than 40 years, in Poland, Shanghai and Jerusalem, serving as Rosh yeshiva during its sojourn in Shanghai from 1941 to 1947, and again in the Mirrer Yeshiva in Jerusalem from 1965 to 1979. He taught, guided, and inspired thousands of disciples throughout his lifetime, by word and deed, with legendary diligence and intensity in Torah study. Early years
Shmuelevitz was born on the second day of Rosh Hashana 5663 (3 October 1902) in Kovno, Lithuania, to Rabbi Refoel Alter Shmuelevitz and Ettel (née Horowitz), a daughter of Rabbi Yosef Yozel Horwitz, known as the Alter of Novhardok. In Shmuelevitz's youth, his family moved to Stutchin. Until the age of 16, he was educated by his father, who was one of the leading yeshiva lecturers in Lithuania. In 1919 Refoel Alter, who was then the rosh yeshiva of Shaar HaTorah in Grodno, died suddenly. Within a very short time, his mother died too, orphaning Shmuelevitz, his younger brother Shlomo, and two sisters.Refoel Alter's position at the yeshiva was taken up by Shimon Shkop. <mask> developed a close bond with Shkop. At the age of 18, <mask>'s mentor invited him to deliver the third-level shiur in the preparatory academy at the yeshiva. <mask> held this position for a few years before transferring to the yeshiva in Mir. Many of his students of those years later became great Torah leaders, and his own four years in Grodno with Shkop had a profound influence on his approach to Talmudic analysis. At the age of 22, <mask> headed a group of students who transferred from Grodno to Mir. In accordance with the contemporary practice in the yeshiva world, <mask> became known as <mask> Stutchiner, after the shtetl in which he grew up.The Mirrer rosh yeshiva, Eliezer Yehuda Finkel, set his sights on <mask> as his eventual spiritual heir. He set the seal on this future appointment by offering his student the hand of his daughter in marriage. <mask> married Chana Miriam, the rosh yeshiva's daughter, on the last day of Hanukkah, 3 Tevet 5690 (3 January 1930). A few years later, at the relatively young age of 31, <mask> was appointed as a maggid shiur, delivering regular lectures. <mask>'s lectures were modeled on the study strategy of his mentor, Shkop, personalized in a style of his own. The hallmark of his lectures was depth combined with breadth; it was not uncommon for him to cite 20 or 30 different sources from far-flung corners of the Talmud and its commentaries during a single class. These classes attracted a wide audience, including some of the most advanced students in Mir.World War II
With the outbreak of World War II, Mir Yeshiva was forced into exile. The students and faculty fled from Mir to Vilna, where they stayed for about two months, after which they moved to Keidan, where they managed to set up the yeshiva once more in 1940. After being ordered out of Keidan seven months later by the Communist authorities, the yeshiva divided into four groups, each numbering between eighty and one hundred students. Shmuelevitz's classes continued virtually without interruption throughout the early period of World War II, while when the yeshiva was continually in transit. In late 1940, hundreds of Mir yeshiva students obtained visas from Chiune Sugihara to travel via Siberia and Vladivostok to Japan. The yeshiva stayed in Kobe, Japan, for about six months, and then relocated to Shanghai for the next five years. Although living conditions were extremely difficult, the yeshiva prospered.As Eliezer Yehuda Finkel had gone to Palestine to obtain visas for the yeshiva and was forced to remain there, <mask> and the mashgiach, Yechezkel Levenstein, assumed responsibility for the day-to-day running of the yeshiva. Shanghai

Somehow, Rav <mask> became responsible for the financial needs of all Jewish learning institutions in the city, not just his own. These included contingents of the famed yeshivas of Kamenetz, Kletzk, Lubavitch, and Lublin. This was despite the fact that exchanging foreign currency in Shanghai was fraught with danger and Shmuelevitz lived with a perpetual fear of being apprehended by the authorities. A short while after arriving in Shanghai, Shmuelevitz received American visas only for himself and his family. He refused them, saying that he would leave only when all the students had received their visas. This ultimately meant staying in Shanghai for five and a half years.These and other details were part of the 1966 testimony given by Shmulevitz and his wife to Yad VaShem. Move to Jerusalem
In 1947 the yeshiva moved again — as always, as a single unit — this time, to the United States, where <mask> spent six months before rejoining his father-in-law, Finkel, in the Mirrer Yeshiva in Jerusalem. For the next 32 years, until his death in 1978, <mask> remained in Mir-Jerusalem. He became active in Agudath Israel in Israel, and its Moetzes Gedolei HaTorah (Council of Torah Sages) on which he served. He also became the father-in-law of Nochum Partzovitz, his successor as rosh yeshiva. Personality
<mask> was well known for his ability to become totally engrossed in his Torah study for hours at a time. His ethical discourses, many of which have been published in English, are considered classics.They offer novel interpretations and reveal his penetrating insights into human nature. <mask> had great respect for his father and he quoted him often in both Torah lectures and mussar discourses. He considered his father's handwritten Torah chiddushim (new Torah insights) his most valued possessions. During the Six-Day War, when the yeshiva was within range of Jordanian artillery fire, <mask> sent some of the manuscripts to America with his uncle, Avraham Yoffen, with specific instructions that he carry them by hand and not put them in his luggage, because, "Dos iz meyn gantze leben (This is my whole life)." Family
His youngest son, Meir Shmulevitz, lives in Kiryat Mattersdorf, Jerusalem, and his son Avrohom is a Rosh mesivta at the Mirrer Yeshiva. Both were born in Israel. His son Rafael Halevi Shmuelevitz was a co-Rosh Yeshiva of Mir Yeshiva in Jerusalem.Final days

A few days after Sukkot 1978, <mask> was rushed to the hospital and, for the next two months, was gravely ill. Moshe Feinstein said, "The world rested upon Reb <mask>'s shoulders." Jews worldwide prayed for his recovery. Two months later on the third of Tevet,
<mask> died at the age of 76. Nearly 100,000 mourners attended his funeral. He is buried on Har HaMenuchot. During his lifetime, <mask> <mask>'s Discourses: The Shmuessen of the Mirrer Rosh Yeshiva, Rav <mask> Shmulevitz.Brooklyn: Mesorah Publications, 1989. .

Notes

References

External links
Rav <mask> <mask>, tzemachdovid.org
 <mask> Shmulevitz on Purim

1902 births
1979 deaths
Clergy from Kaunas
People from Kovensky Uyezd
Lithuanian Haredi rabbis
Polish emigrants to Mandatory Palestine
Rosh yeshivas
Haredi rabbis in Europe
Haredi rabbis in Israel
20th-century rabbis
Musar movement
Mir rosh yeshivas
Jewish Chinese history
Moetzes Gedolei HaTorah
Burials at Har HaMenuchot
Rabbis that emigrated to the Land of Israel
Rabbis of Grodno
Mir Yeshiva alumni

masks:
Chaim Leib Halevi Shmuelevitz
Shmuelevitz
Shmuelevitz
Shmuelevitz
Shmuelevitz
Shmuelevitz
Chaim
Shmuelevitz
Shmuelevitz
Shmuelevitz
Shmuelevitz
Shmuelevitz
Shmuelevitz
Shmuelevitz
Shmuelevitz
Shmuelevitz
Shmuelevitz
Shmuelevitz
Shmuelevitz
Chaim
Shmuelevitz
Shmuelevitzb
Chaim
Chaim
Chaim
Shmuelevitz
R Chaim


title: Denham Jolly

texts:
<mask>,  (born August 26, 1935) is a Jamaican Canadian businessman, publisher, broadcaster, human rights activist, philanthropist and author of In the Black: My Life. He was the President and CEO of Milestone Communications. Early life and education
<mask> was born in Green Island, Jamaica, and attended Cornwall College. He studied at the University of Guelph, Dalhousie University, Nova Scotia and McGill University, Montreal where he graduated in 1960 with a degree in science. Career
<mask> returned to Jamaica after graduation and worked at Nutrition Research for the government of Jamaica. He moved to Canada in 1962 and engaged in Air Pollution Research for Metropolitan Toronto. After studying Education and obtaining a teaching certificate, <mask> taught Chemistry and Physics at Forest Hill Collegiate in Toronto, 1963-1968.<mask> entered the business world by buying a rooming house on the University of Toronto Campus and in 1968 started Donsview Nursing Home in Toronto. He went on to build a Day's Inn Hotel in Mississauga, Ontario and also acquired a nursing home in Dallas, Texas. He owned and operated for over 40 years a 210 bed nursing and retirement home facility, Tyndall Nursing Home and Estates on a 2.5 acre property in Mississauga. At one time <mask> owned, two medical laboratories in Toronto, Ed-Beck Pharmaceuticals and Standard Medical Diagnostics. In 1982 <mask> bought and published the community newspaper Contrast. That year he also founded and led the Black Business and Professional Association and the Harry Jerome Awards. He was also active in the civil rights organizations and spoke out on social justice issues as a member of the Black Action Defence Committee and was a founding member of the Committee for Due Process.<mask> launched Canada's first Black-owned radio station FLOW 93.5 CFXJ-FM through Milestone Communications. The fight to get the license took a dozen years and his struggle was featured in the Washington Post and the Toronto Star as an example of racial barriers in Canada. The license was finally awarded in June 2000. It was supported by both the Toronto Star and the Toronto Sun, which ran an editorial saying that "At long last the dinosaurs at the  Canadian Radio and Telecommunications Commission have admitted Toronto needs a black-owned urban format station on the FM dial." FLOW 93.5 went on air in February 2001 and was the first mainstream radio station to introduce hip-hop to Canada and the first to play Drake, and played and actively promoted Canada's Black musicians. It aired as a mixture of talk and music, including O.T.A. (On the Air) Live!, a weekly interview program with hip hop artists.FLOW 93.5 devoted airtime to black-oriented music  and provided opportunities, at the highest level for many Black Canadians in the broadcasting industry. Many world class Artists like Janet Jackson, Lady Gaga, Jay-Z, Kanye West, Damian Marley, Rihanna and Drake found it imperative to visit the FLOW Studios in Toronto, even Sir. Richard Branson personally visited to launch his Virgin Mobile communications. In 2005 FLOW won the Station of the Year Award in the Contemporary Hit Radio category at the Canadian Music Week Industry Awards. That year Jolly invested in a radio station in Edmonton, called The Bounce 91.7FM CHBN-FM. <mask> was on the boards of the YMCA, Surrey Place and the world renowned Toronto International Film Festival, plus currently serves on the board for Caribbean Tales, a film production company based in Toronto. He has won awards for his cultural contributions including the Black Media Pioneer Award.the African Canadian Lifetime Achievement Award and the Canadian Urban Institute's City Soul Award in 2006. In 2007 he was presented with a Black History Award from the Markham African Caribbean Association. <mask> sold his radio holdings in 2011 for $27 million. He then invested US$750,000 in a real estate development project in Barbados. In Green Island, Hanover, Jamaica he developed 200 acres of beachfront and sold to Princess
Hotels of Spain for their 2,000 room hotel, opening 2022. <mask>'s media appearances and interviews include programs: The Agenda with TVO's Steve Paikin,
CBC Radio Q with Tom Powers, CTV's Pop Life and more. Throughout <mask>'s career he has been a keynote, motivational and guest speaker on many
occasions.<mask> has spoken at: The National Word on the Street Book Festival in Toronto and at
CBC Tent Halifax Festival and many libraries, schools and organizations in Toronto. <mask> has
reviewed his book for the Inmates Book Club Collins Bay Medium Security Penitentiary in Kingston,
ON. <mask>'s Philanthropic endeavors have included:

In 2008 <mask> donated $50,000 towards the endowment of the Jean Augustine Chair in Education in the New Urban Environment at York University. In 2010, <mask> funded and organized a small group of volunteers to load a 20' shipping container with walking aids from his nursing home, to send to Haiti after the devastating earthquake. <mask> donated $50,000 to Sunnybrook Hospital Urology Department, Toronto. He also donated to the Lucie & Thorton and Blackburn Conference Centre project, George Brown College Toronto. In August 2019, <mask> paid off the mortgage of the Jamaican Canadian Association centre with a donation of $312,000.In 2019, <mask> revived a breakfast program at his Alma mater Cornwall College, Montego Bay, Jamaica, for sixty students per day. He continues his sponsorship of Industry Cove Basic School in Hanover, Jamaica. Since 2019, <mask> continues to sponsor the 2019 undefeated (Cosmos) Regent Park boys under twelve soccer team. In addition to sponsoring other local and Olympic Canadian athletes over the years. In May 2021, <mask> pledged $25,000.00 to The Lincoln Alexander School of Law at Ryerson University for the B. Denham Jolly Racial Justice Award. He continues to contribute to many other philanthropic endeavors in the community. His memoir, In the Black: My Life was published in February 2017 by ECW Press.The book won the 2017 Toronto Book Award. <mask> also received an engraved stone placed in the Toronto's Official Book Garden memorializing his work. On March 10, 2020, award winning filmmaker and producer, Frances-Anne Solomon of CaribbeanTales announced that she is in the process of developing <mask>'s memoir into a feature film that is now in production. Honours

The City of Toronto, on February 28, 2017, the final day of Black History Month, announced the naming of a street in a new Scarborough sub-division in honour of Mr. <mask> <mask>, a Black pioneer in Canada's radio broadcasting industry. "Jolly Way" will commemorate  the exceptional contributions to Canada of <mask> <mask>. Jolly Way is located near the southwest corner of Midland Avenue and Ellesmere Avenue, in a residential neighbourhood under development by Mattamy Homes. "It is most appropriate that approval to name a street after Mr. Jolly has come through today, the last day of Black History Month 2017," said Councillor Michael Thompson, Chair of Toronto's Economic Development Committee."Mr. <mask> has been instrumental in giving voice to the culture, achievements, challenges and aspirations of Toronto's Black and Caribbean communities when few channels for such messages were available," Thompson added. On November 1, 2019, The City of Toronto hosted a street name unveiling celebration honouring <mask>. On November 27, 2020 the Governor General of Canada's office announced Mr. <mask>'s appointment to the Order of Canada. Out of the 114 Canadians appointed in year 2020, Mr. <mask> was the only Black Canadian given the honour. On May 22, 2021 The University of West Indies Toronto Benefit Awards honoured Mr. Jolly with the G. Raymond Chang Award for leadership and commitment to the betterment of communities in Canada and beyond. Mr. <mask> was awarded alongside, Ms. Naomi Campbell and Nelson Mandela's wife, Dr. Graça Machel, who each received Luminary Awards. October 2, 2021 <mask> was honoured by McGill University with the Macdonald Distinguished Alumni Award in recognition for his outstanding contributions to society and humanity.Further reading
B<mask> <mask>. In the Black: My Life. ECW Press, 2017. Fil Fraser. "How The Blacks Created Canada". Dragon Hill Publishing, 2009. "The Canadian Encyclopedia".<mask> <mask>. Dawn P. Williams. "Who's Who in Black Canada". 2006. References

Living people
Jamaican emigrants to Canada
McGill University Faculty of Science alumni
Canadian radio executives
Black Canadian writers
Canadian memoirists
Black Canadian businesspeople
1935 births
21st-century Canadian male writers
21st-century Canadian non-fiction writers
20th-century Canadian businesspeople
21st-century Canadian businesspeople
Canadian male non-fiction writers
Cornwall College, Jamaica alumni
21st-century memoirists
Members of the Order of Canada
People from Hanover Parish
Writers from Toronto

masks:
Brandeis Denham Jolly
Jolly
Jolly
Jolly
Jolly
Jolly
Jolly
Jolly
Jolly
Jolly
Jolly
Jolly
Jolly
Jolly
Jolly
Jolly
Jolly
Jolly
Jolly
Jolly
Jolly
Jolly
Jolly
Jolly
Denham
Jolly
Denham
Jolly
Jolly
Jolly
Jolly
Jolly
Jolly
Jolly
. Denham
Jolly
Denham
Jolly


title: Hafiz Saeed

texts:
<mask> (, born 5 June 1950) is a Pakistani wanted terrorist, who is a co-founder of Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT) and the chief of Jama'at-ud-Da'wah (JuD), operating mainly from Pakistan. In April 2012, the United States announced a bounty of $10 million on <mask> for his role in the 2008 Mumbai attacks that killed 166 civilians. While India supported the US move, there were protests against it in Pakistan. <mask> is listed on the NIA Most Wanted list and UN designated terrorist. India has banned his organisations LeT and JuD as terrorist organisations. The United States, the United Kingdom, the European Union, Russia and Australia have also banned Lashkar-e-Taiba. India has demanded that <mask> be handed over to them by Pakistan but there is no extradition treaty between the two countries.<mask> has denied ever being a leader of LeT and said allegations that he planned attacks in India were baseless. <mask> <mask> is currently serving an 11-year prison sentence. Early life
<mask> <mask> was born in Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. As told by him, his father, Maulana Kamal-ud-Din, a religious scholar, landlord and farmer, along with his family started migrating from East Punjab and reached Pakistan in around four months in the autumn of 1947. His family lost 36 of its members when migrating from Hisar, Haryana (erstwhile Punjab) to Lahore during the partition of India. The family is of middle class  background and three of his brothers, <mask> Hamid, <mask> Mastodon and <mask> Hannan, are involved in Islamic activism as well, having previously ran Islamic centres in Boston in the United States. He was named hafiz because he memorized the Qur'an during his childhood, a time during which he was already enthusiastic about the verses on jihad.He then attended the Government College Sargodha (now University of Sargodha) before getting a Master's in Islamic Studies at the King Saud University in Riyadh. A major early influence on his life and ideology was his maternal uncle, and later father-in-law, <mask> Abdullah Bahawalpuri, who was a famed theologian belonging to the Ahl-i Hadith, who held that democracy was incompatible with Islam (which alienated him with Maulana Maududi's Jamaat-e-Islami) and argued, on the importance of jihad, "that only in jihad does one offer one’s life in the way of Allah, which elevates it to a higher plane than merely fulfilling other religious responsibilities such as saying prayers and paying zakat, also entailing sacrifices and adjustments, but not at the scale evident in jihad" and "considered shahadat (martyrdom) to be the crux of jihad." Bahawalpuri's only son, Abdul Rehman Makki, is <mask>'s brother-in-law and has been described as "his close partner." General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq appointed <mask> <mask> to the Council on Islamic Ideology, and he later served as an Islamic Studies teacher at the University of Engineering and Technology, Pakistan. He was sent to Saudi Arabia in the early 1980s by the university for higher studies where he met Saudi sheikhs who were taking part in the Soviet–Afghan War. They inspired him in taking an active role supporting the mujahideen in Afghanistan. During his studies at the King Saud University, where he was gold medalist for his academic performances as well as taught there, he came under the influence of Salafi scholars like Shaykh Muhammad ibn al Uthaymeen and especially Shaykh Ibn Baz.<mask> <mask> held two master's degrees from the University of Punjab and a specialisation in Islamic Studies and Arabic Language from King Saud University. In 1987, <mask> <mask>, along with Abdullah Azzam, founded Markaz Dawa-Wal-Irshad, a group with roots in the Jamiat Ahl-e-Hadis. This organisation spawned the jihadist group Lashkar-e-Taiba in 1987, with the help of Pakistan's Inter Services Intelligence officers. Lashkar's primary target is the Indian Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir. He is also quoted as saying, "There cannot be any peace while India remains intact. Cut them, cut them so much that they kneel before you and ask for mercy." Family
<mask>'s son Talha <mask> serves as the Lashkar-e-Taiba second-in-command.He controls the finances of Lashkar. In 2019, Talha escaped an assassination attempt when a bomb inside a refrigerator shop exploded in Lahore. According to Lashkar the bombing was attributed to the infighting in the Lashkar and R&AW. Activities

1994
In 1994, <mask> visited the United States and "spoke at Islamic centres in Houston, Chicago and Boston". 2001–2002
Pakistan took <mask> into custody on 21 December 2001 due to an Indian government assertion that he was involved in 13 December 2001 attack on the Lok Sabha. He was held until 31 March 2002, released, then taken back into custody on 15 May. He was placed under house arrest on 31 October 2002 after his wife Maimoona <mask> sued the province of Punjab and the Pakistan federal government for what she claimed was an illegal detention.2006
After 11 July 2006 Mumbai train bombings, the provincial government of Punjab, Pakistan arrested him on 9 August 2006 and kept him under house arrest but he was released on 28 August 2006 after a Lahore High Court order. He was arrested again on the same day by the provincial government and was kept in the Canal Rest House in Sheikhupura. He was finally released after the Lahore High Court order on 17 October 2006. 2008–2009
After the November 2008 Mumbai attacks, India submitted a formal request to the U.N. Security Council to put the group Jamaat-ud-Dawa and <mask> <mask> on the list of individuals and organisations sanctioned by the United Nations for association with terrorism. India has accused the organisation and its leader, <mask> <mask>, of being virtually interchangeable with Lashkar-e-Taiba. India said that the close links between the organisations, as well as the 2,500 offices and 11 seminaries that Jamaat-ud-Dawa maintains in Pakistan, "are of immediate concern with regard to their efforts to mobilise and orchestrate terrorist activities." On 10 December 2008, <mask> <mask> denied a link between LeT and JuD in an interview with Pakistan's Geo television stating that "no Lashkar-e-Taiba man is in Jamaat-ud-Dawa and I have never been a chief of Lashkar-e-Taiba."On 11 December 2008, <mask> Muhammed <mask> was again placed under house arrest when the United Nations declared Jamaat-ud-Dawa to be an LeT front. <mask> <mask> was held in house arrest under the Maintenance of Public Order law, which allows authorities to detain temporarily individuals deemed likely to create disorder, until early June 2009 when the Lahore High Court, deeming the containment to be unconstitutional, ordered <mask> <mask> to be released. India quickly expressed its disappointment with the decision. On 6 July 2009, the Pakistani government filed an appeal of the court's decision. Deputy Attorney General Shah Khawar told the Associated Press that "<mask> <mask> at liberty is a security threat." On 25 August 2009, Interpol issued a red notice against <mask> <mask>, along with Zakiur Rehman Lakhvi, in response to Indian requests for his extradition. <mask> <mask> was again placed under house arrest by the Pakistani authorities in September 2009.On 12 October 2009, the Lahore High Court quashed all cases against <mask> <mask> and set him free. The court also notified that Jama'at-ud-Da'wah is not a banned organisation and can work freely in Pakistan. Justice Asif <mask> Khosa, one of two judges hearing the case, observed "In the name of terrorism we cannot brutalise the law." Indian attempts at extradition
On 11 May 2011, in an effort to place pressure on Pakistan, India publicly revealed a list of its 50 most wanted fugitives hiding in Pakistan. India believes <mask> <mask> is a fugitive, but the Indian arrest warrant had no influence in Pakistan and presently has no effect on <mask>'s movements within Pakistan. Following the Lahore High Court ruling, <mask> has been moving freely around the country. For many years, India has demanded that <mask> be handed over but there is no extradition treaty between the two countries.Declaration as a terrorist by the United States
The United States declared two Lashkar-e-Tayyiba leaders—Nazir Ahmad Chaudhry and Muhammad Hussein Gill—specially designated global terrorists. The State Department also maintained LeT's designation as a Foreign Terrorist Organisation and added the following aliases to its listing of LeT: Jama’at-ud-Dawa, Al-Anfal Trust, Tehrik-i-Hurmat-i-Rasool, and Tehrik-i-Tahafuz Qibla Awwal. The Department of Treasury said that LeT was responsible for the November 2008 terrorist attack in Mumbai which killed nearly 200 people. The group's leader is <mask> <mask>, who is listed under UN Security Council Resolution 1267. Cooperation with Islamabad
In keeping with Pakistani establishment's wishes, Lashkar has been keeping focus on India and <mask> is among those who are thought to have helped Pakistan in capturing important al-Qaeda members like Abu Zubaydah. Senior Pakistani officials have said that <mask> is helping in de-radicalisation and rehabilitation of former extremists and that security is being provided to him because he could be targeted by militants who disapprove of <mask>'s co-operation with Islamabad. US bounty
In April 2012, the United States announced a bounty of US$10 million on Hafeez <mask>, for his role in the 2008 Mumbai attacks.<mask> stated that he had nothing to do with the Mumbai attacks and condemned them. When asked about the bounty, <mask> replied, "I am living my life in the open and the US can contact me whenever they want." He subsequently stated that he was ready to face "any American court" to answer the charges and added that if Washington wanted to contact him, they knew where he was. "This is a laughable, absurd announcement. Here I am in front of everyone, not hiding in a cave," he said in a press conference. <mask> identified his leading role in the Difa-e-Pakistan Council and US attempts to placate India as reasons behind the bounty. Arrest and trial
On 3 July 2019, 23 cases related to terror financing and money laundering under the Anti-Terrorism Act (ATA), 1997 were registered by Counter Terrorism Department (CTD) of Pakistan.According to CTD, JuD was financing terrorism from the funds collected by several non-profit organisations and trusts that included Al-Anfaal Trust, Dawatul Irshad Trust, Muaz Bin Jabal Trust, etc. CTD had banned these non-profit organisations in April 2019. On further investigations,  CTD had found that these organisations were linked with JuD and were in touch with the top leadership of JuD. On 17 July 2019, <mask> was arrested in Gujranwala by the Punjab CTD on the charges of terror financing. He was subsequently sent to the prison on judicial remand by a Gujranwala Anti Terrorism Court (ATC). On 27 September 2019, during the United Nations General Assembly, USA asked Pakistan to prosecute <mask>, Masood Azhar and other UN-designated terrorists. On 30 November 2019, the Government of Pakistan stated that they will prosecute <mask>.On 11 December 2019, he was indicted by the ATC in the charges of terror financing in several cities of Punjab province of Pakistan. As of December 2019, <mask> resides in the Kot Lakhpat jail also known as Central Jail Lahore. He was convicted for five years by a Pakistan court for financing terrorism, in February 2020. On November 19, 2020 a Pakistani court sentenced him for 5 years in prison on terrorism-financing charges making the conviction for a total of 10 years meanwhile an anti-terrorism court in the city of Lahore on fined <mask> <mask> 110,000 rupees (about $700). On 24 December he was sentenced to 15 and a half years in jail by an anti-terrorism court in Pakistan in one more terror financing case along with Rs20,000 (about $125) fine. While being in prison, <mask>'s former residence in Lahore was targeted by a bomb blast on June 23, 2021, resulting in the death of three people and the wounding of 22 more. Three people were arrested for the attack.Pakistan’s national security adviser Moeed Yusuf said that while the three arrested were Pakistani citizens who planted the bomb, it was suspected that "India was behind the attack". Views

Pakistani government
<mask> <mask> has criticised Pakistani leaders and has stated that they should aspire to be more like British Prime Minister David Cameron and London Mayor Boris Johnson. He had declared his admiration for the British Conservative Party along with several Tory MPs when he lodged a petition to the Lahore High Court calling for public officials in Pakistan to tone down their privileged lifestyles. According to The Daily Telegraph, <mask> wrote in the petition that while Pakistan's political elite were 'living like kings and princes in palatial government houses,' Britain's prime minister lived in a 'four-bedroom flat.' He added, 'When the sun never set on the British Empire, the chief executive of that great country lived in the same house of a few marlas in a small street. That is truly Islamic, that is like following the Sunnah of the Holy Prophet.' Speaking on the issue of arrest of separatist Kashmiri leader Masarat Alam by the Jammu and Kashmir government, <mask> said, "Jihad is the duty of an Islamic government ... there is a government in Pakistan and it has always taken the stand that it is the right of Kashmiris to attain freedom.I say what our Army will do to secure the right of the Kashmiris is jihad ... We extend help to Kashmiris alongside government ... we call this jihad." Criticising his anti-India comments, Indian Muslim leader Asaduddin Owaisi said, "People like <mask> <mask> are unaware about teachings of Islam, jihad in Islam. They are killing innocent lives in Pakistan, children are being killed. They are using Pakistan for maligning another country. The Government of India should take strict action against it and I condemn his comments in clear and strong words." Indian government
In January 2013, India's then Union Home Minister Sushil Kumar Shinde released a statement on the alleged existence of Hindu terrorism as well as the existence of Hindu terror camps on Indian soil, being run and organised by the BJP and the RSS. As a result, Lashkar-e-Taiba and Jamaat-ud-Dawa welcomed Shinde's statements and congratulated him for admitting the existence of Hindu terrorism.<mask> <mask> demanded that the United States take serious notice of this statement by the Indian home minister regarding Hindu terrorist camps in India. "The US should now carry out drone attacks on these terror camps in India," <mask> said. In September 2014, <mask> accused India of "water terrorism". Though there was flood crisis in India too, <mask> blamed India for flood crisis in Pakistan. In several tweets on social media he said, "Indian gov discharged water in rivers without notification & has given false information; an act of open mischief," "India has used water to attack Pakistan, We are in state of War. India's water aggression must be taken to the UN security council." Responding to a question about the nuclear warning issued by Indian authorities in Jammu and Kashmir after the 2013 India–Pakistan border incidents, <mask> said that in case of a nuclear war between India and Pakistan, India should distribute nuclear safety pamphlets in Delhi, Mumbai and Calcutta rather than in Kashmir.Punjabi as national language

<mask> <mask> has questioned Pakistan's decision to adopt Urdu (only 8% of Pakistanis speak Urdu as a first language) as its national language in a country where the majority of people speak the Punjabi language. He advocated that Punjabi should be made the national language. See also
 All Parties Hurriyat Conference
 Syed Ali Shah Geelani
 Kashmir conflict
 2014 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election
 Difa-e-Pakistan Council
 Phantom (2015 film)
 List of fugitives from justice who disappeared

References

External links

 "Exclusive: Pakistani with U.S. bounty said helping de-radicalize militants" – Reuters, 6 April 2012
 Chronology of indictment of JuD chief <mask> <mask> by Outlook

1950 births
Pakistani politicians
Pakistani Islamists
Lashkar-e-Taiba members
Fugitives wanted by India
Fugitives wanted on terrorism charges
King Saud University alumni
People from Sargodha District
University of the Punjab alumni
University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore faculty
Pakistani people of Haryanvi descent
Pakistani expatriates in Saudi Arabia
Leaders of Islamic terror groups
Pakistani far-right politicians
Prisoners and detainees of Pakistan
Pakistani philanthropists
People who memorized the Quran
People associated with the 2008 Mumbai attacks
Living people

masks:
Hafiz Muhammad Saeed
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Hafiz
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Muhammad Saeed
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title: Weiping Zou

texts:
<mask> () is the Charles B. de Nancrede Professor of Pathology, Immunology, Biology, and Surgery at the University of Michigan. He is a scientist noted for his work regarding understanding the nature of human tumor immune responses and developing mechanism-informed combination therapies for cancer. He has developed an international reputation in human tumor immunosuppressive mechanisms in the tumor microenvironment. Career
<mask> serves as Director of the Center of Excellence for Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy, Co-Director of the Cancer Hematopoiesis and Immunology Program, and directs the Immunologic Monitoring Core at the University of Michigan Medical School and Rogel Cancer Center. He also directs the Surgical Oncology Fellow Training (T32) program, through which clinical fellows are trained to become physician scientists, with a focus on cancer immunology and immunotherapy. At the national level, he is the American Association for Cancer Research Cancer Immunology (CIMM) Chairperson 2019-2020 and has served as the Abstract Programming Chair for the American Association of Immunologists for 4 years. He has delivered more than 300 invited lectures at different institutions and conferences and has published nearly 200 articles and book chapters - including 36 articles in Nature, Science, and Cell journal series.His laboratory is one of the most cited research teams in the field of immunology and their work has been highlighted by many scientific news agencies. “Specific recruitment of regulatory T cells in ovarian carcinoma fosters immune privilege and predicts reduced survival”, an original work on human Tregs, has been cited more than 5,000 times since its publication. Recent Publications

Zhou, J. et al. The ubiquitin ligase MDM2 sustains STAT5 stability to control T cell-mediated antitumor immunity. Nat Immunol, doi:10.1038/s41590-021-00888-3 (2021). Yu, J. et al. Liver metastasis restrains immunotherapy efficacy via macrophage-mediated T cell elimination.Nat Med 27, 152-164, doi:10.1038/s41591-020-1131-x (2021). Xia, H., Green, D. R. & Zou, W. Autophagy in tumour immunity and therapy. Nat Rev Cancer, doi:10.1038/s41568-021-00344-2 (2021). Lin, H. et al. Stanniocalcin 1 is a phagocytosis checkpoint driving tumor immune resistance. Cancer Cell, doi:10.1016/j.ccell.2020.12.023 (2021). Li, G. et al.LIMIT is an immunogenic lncRNA in cancer immunity and immunotherapy. Nat Cell Biol 23, 526-537, doi:10.1038/s41556-021-00672-3 (2021). Du, W. et al. Loss of optineurin drives cancer immune evasion via palmitoylation-dependent IFNGR1 lysosomal sorting and degradation. Cancer Discov, doi:10.1158/2159-8290.CD-20-1571 (2021). Wang, W. & Zou, W. Amino Acids and Their Transporters in T Cell Immunity and Cancer Therapy. Mol Cell 80, 384-395, doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2020.09.006 (2020).Li, J. et al. Epigenetic driver mutations in ARID1A shape cancer immune phenotype and immunotherapy. J Clin Invest 130, 2712-2726, doi:10.1172/JCI134402 (2020). Bian, Y. et al. Cancer SLC43A2 alters T cell methionine metabolism and histone methylation. Nature 585, 277-282, doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2682-1 (2020). Wang, W. et al.CD8+ T cells regulate tumour ferroptosis during cancer immunotherapy. Nature 569, 270-274, doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1170-y (2019). Wu, Y. et al. Inactivation of CDK12 Delineates a Distinct Immunogenic Class of Advanced Prostate Cancer. Cell 173, 1770-1782, doi:10.1016/j.cell.2018.04.034 (2018). Lin, H. et al. Host expression of PD-L1 determines efficacy of PD-L1 pathway blockade-mediated tumor regression.J Clin Invest 128, 805-815, doi:10.1172/JCI96113 (2018). Li, W. et al. Aerobic Glycolysis Controls Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells and Tumor Immunity via a Specific CEBPB Isoform in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cell Metab 28, 87-103, doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2018.04.022 (2018). Yu, T. et al. Fusobacterium nucleatum Promotes Chemoresistance to Colorectal Cancer by Modulating Autophagy. Cell 170, 548-563 e516, doi:10.1016/j.cell.2017.07.008 (2017).Xia H, W. W., Crespo J, Kryczek I, Li W, Wei S, Bian Z, Maj T, He M, Liu RJ, He Y, Rattan R, Munkarah A, Guan JL, Zou W. Suppression of FIP200 and autophagy by tumor-derived lactate promotes naive T cell apoptosis and affects tumor immunity. Science Immunology 2, doi:10.1126/sciimmunol.aan4631 (2017). Nagarsheth, N., Wicha, M. S. & <mask>, W. Chemokines in the cancer microenvironment and their relevance in cancer immunotherapy. Nat Rev Immunol 17, 559-572, doi:10.1038/nri.2017.49 (2017). Maj, T. et al. Oxidative stress controls regulatory T cell apoptosis and suppressor activity and PD-L1-blockade resistance in tumor. Nat Immunol, doi:10.1038/ni.3868 (2017).<mask>, W., Wolchok, J. D. & Chen, L. PD-L1 (B7-H1) and PD-1 pathway blockade for cancer therapy: Mechanisms, response biomarkers, and combinations. Science translational medicine 8, 328rv324 (2016). Zhao, E. et al. Cancer mediates effector T cell dysfunction by targeting microRNAs and EZH2 via glycolysis restriction. Nature immunology 17, 95-103 (2016). Wang, W. et al. Effector T Cells Abrogate Stroma-Mediated Chemoresistance in Ovarian Cancer.Cell 165, 1092-1105 (2016). Kryczek, I. et al. IL-22(+)CD4(+) T cells promote colorectal cancer stemness via STAT3 transcription factor activation and induction of the methyltransferase DOT1L. Immunity 40, 772-784, doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2014.03.010 (2014). Cui, T. X. et al. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells enhance stemness of cancer cells by inducing microRNA101 and suppressing the corepressor CtBP2. Immunity 39, 611-621, doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2013.08.025 (2013).Kryczek, I. et al. Human TH17 Cells Are Long-Lived Effector Memory Cells. Sci Transl Med 3, 104ra100, doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.3002949 (2011). <mask>, W. & Chen, L. Inhibitory B7-family molecules in the tumour microenvironment. Nat Rev Immunol 8, 467-477 (2008). <mask>, W. Immunosuppressive networks in the tumour environment and their therapeutic relevance. Nat Rev Cancer 5, 263-274 (2005).Curiel, T. J. et al. Specific recruitment of regulatory T cells in ovarian carcinoma fosters immune privilege and predicts reduced survival. Nat Med 10, 942-949, doi:10.1038/nm1093 (2004). Curiel, T. J. et al. Blockade of B7-H1 improves myeloid dendritic cell-mediated antitumor immunity. Nat Med 9, 562-567 (2003). <mask>, W. et al.Stromal-derived factor-1 in human tumors recruits and alters the function of plasmacytoid precursor dendritic cells. Nat Med 7, 1339-1346. (2001). Additional Publications

References

1965 births
Cancer researchers
Living people
University of Michigan faculty

masks:
Weiping Zou
Zou
Zou
Zou
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title: Majid Musisi

texts:
<mask> (sometimes spelt <mask>) (15 September 1967 – 13 December 2005) was a Ugandan footballer who was billed as being "the first Uganda footballer to sign for a European club" as well as "first professional footballer to make it to Europe". Background and Education
<mask> was born to Siraje Katende and Deborah Namutebi. He attended New Mulago Primary School and later on Bashir High School but then dropped out of school to pursue a football career

Career
<mask>, like several other football stars from the eighties, nurtured his football career at the renowned Mulago playground, popularly known as 'Maracana' in reference to the famous Brazilian stadium. Alongside the likes of Adam Semugabi and Rajab Sekalye, he was one of the top prospects at New Mulago Primary School. Stocky, powerful and endowed with speed, Musisi rapidly outgrew his age and stood out among his peers so much so that in 1983 – at just 16 years – second-tier side Pepsi FC snapped him up. In the process, <mask> abandoned studies at Bashir High School in Wandegeya. After an impressive season, SC Villa's tactician David Otti noticed the youngster and quickly enrolled him into the Villa squad that was preparing for the Cecafa Club Championship in January 1985.However, <mask> Musisi missed the trip when his passport was delayed but made the Villa squad that travelled to Sudan to face El-Hilal in the Africa Club Championship three weeks later. At the time, SC Villa was an emerging force with two league titles already under their belt. Rogers Nsubuga was the club's leading marksman with Ronald Vubya and Shaban Mwinda not far off. The club also had promising strikers like Issa Kawooya and George Muwanguzi to beef up the attack. Did SC Villa really need <mask> Musisi? Many fans wondered at the time. Otti knew better and was instantly vindicated even though he resigned shortly after due to poor results.Under new coach Timothy Ayiekoh, <mask> would make his long-awaited debut against Maroons, scoring twice and followed it up with one goal against Heroes. For some reason, however, Ayiekoh preferred tested strikers in big matches. In the few matches he played, Ayiekoh deployed him on the right wing, a position that didn't suit him well. So in August 1985, his career took a huge turn that would eke his name into Ugandan football echelons. Villa versus Express…the whole Kampala would come to a standstill. With thousands of fans still forcing their way to enter Nakivubo stadium, <mask> <mask>, given a rare start, fired in two quick goals in the first four minutes to give SC Villa a sweet 2–0 win over Express. The story at the end of the match wasn't the result, but a 'mysterious' Villa player that had scored even before many entered.Despite the fact that Villa didn't win any silverware that season, the writing was on the wall that they were headed for bigger things. Indeed, things turned for the better when in 1986 season, Polly Ouma took over as Villa coach. On his part, he improved his 1985 tally of six goals to eight. SC Villa won its first league and Cup double. Then the goals started flowing in 1987; He scored three goals as SC Villa won the Cecafa Club Championship and when Nsubuga got sidelined by injury, Ouma played <mask> Musisi in his favoured central role, scoring eight goals in the first six league games. His sharpness was so irresistible that Cranes coach Barnabas Mwesiga handed the 20-year-old his debut in July 1987. It was a 1988 Olympic qualifier against Mozambique.With <mask> Musisi partnering the great Phillip Omondi on the frontline, the combo was a joy to watch as they tore apart the Mozambique side with each picking up a brace in the 4–1 win. In the return leg, the duo scored a goal each in the 2–0 win to make sure of Uganda's progress to the next stage. At Villa, Vubya was the perfect foil for <mask> <mask>, occupying opponents and picking out <mask>'s intelligent runs with inch-perfect passes. At the end of the season, <mask> was crowned top scorer with 28 goals. Later that year, the pair defied a Fufa directive and appeared for their Lugave clan in the Bika By'Abaganda football championship just days before the crucial Olympic qualifier against Zambia. So, when the federation suspended them, there was public outcry. FUFA (Federation of Uganda Football Association) had no option but to recall the two players and ironically, it was <mask> and Vubya who made the difference as Uganda won the home leg 2–1.However, the Zambians would go on to eliminate Uganda but when the two teams met in the CECAFA Cup later that year, <mask> <mask> ran rings around the Zambians, scoring a hat-trick and at the end of the event, he emerged the top scorer. Fittingly, he was voted the 1987 Footballer of the Year. Patrick Kawooya, the filthy rich SC Villa boss, was one of <mask>'s biggest admirers. He rented him a plush house at Najjanankumbi, a Kampala suburb, fully furnished with a refrigerator, cooker, video system, standby generator and other luxuries. "I remember one time <mask> came to me with a bag full of money and we went to Kyebando where we purchased a plot of land, it was a lot of money", <mask> <mask>'s mother Namutebi recollects. She says the entire family depended on <mask> Musisi. "When he hit headlines, he took over the responsibility of the entire family and started paying school fees for about 12 of his siblings", she adds.<mask> Musisi and Kawooya were so close that in many ways, he [Musisi] was the go-between for other players. "At the time, many of the upcoming Villa players like me used to channel our problems through <mask> Musisi and the following day, you would get it", says Charles Sebugwawo former SC Villa player. Goals, goals, goals

Because of his well-built frame and fearless approach no defender could go with him toe to toe. Fans nicknamed him 'Tyson,' which was a direct comparison to the then young boxing heavyweight champion Mike Tyson, who also left destruction in his wake. 'Magic' is another popular tag they called him because of his style of play. In the 1988 season, however, <mask> Musisi endured a dip in form and his self-belief took a hit. Drama unfolded in the decisive league game against KCC, when <mask> Musisi missed a couple of sitters and even failed to convert from the spot when the Jogoos were trailing 1–2.But when Vubya equalised with a few minutes left, Kawooya went on the touchline and usurped the powers of Geoff Hudson, Villa coach. He asked John Kaweesi to warm up in place of the misfiring <mask> Musisi. But just as they waited for a dead ball situation, <mask> Musisi scored the winner in stoppage time and, ironically, Kawooya raced the full length of the pitch to carry Musisi shoulder high. At the end of the season, <mask> Musisi scored a respectable 13 league goals. But that, by <mask> <mask>'s standards, was a step down despite missing a number of games due to an ankle injury. <mask> <mask> would later score a brace to eject KCC from the Uganda Cup before netting a spectacular goal against Express in the Uganda Cup final as Villa won the league and Cup double. A week later, he extended his act in the Bika By'Abaganda (Buganda Clans Football League, leading the Lugave clan to a 5–0 demolition of Ngabi in the final.The story was different in 1989; Musisi not only helped Villa to a third 'double' but also recaptured the top scorer's crown with 15 goals. To cap a successful season, <mask> <mask> topscored the CECAFA Cup with four goals – also converted in the final shootout as Uganda beat Malawi to win the event after 12 years. In 1990, SC Villa and <mask> remained dominant on the local scene, with the Jogoos retaining the league as <mask> <mask>'s 28 goals equalled Isa Sekatawa's three top-scoring awards. Earlier in September, he was a thorn in the DR Congo defence when he scored a late winner in the 2–1 triumph in a Nations Cup qualifier. He was not done yet; in December, he put the icing on the cake as Uganda beat Sudan 2–0 to retain the CECAFA title. Unsurprisingly, he picked up a second 'Footballer of the Year' award. In 1991, he scored 17 league goals to become the first player to reach 100 league goals but Villa ended the season empty-handed.However, they had every reason to celebrate after finishing runners-up in the Africa Club Championship. <mask> Musisi scored a couple of goals in that fairytale campaign but what stood out was his diving header against Nigeria's Iwuanyanwu Nationale in the semi-final. In 1992, <mask> Musisi was on track to make light work of Jimmy Kirunda's record of 32 goals a season when he netted a mindboggling 29 goals in the league's first round. In his final league appearance, he tormented KCC goalie Sadiq Wassa to the extent that when he scored his fourth in the 5–0 win, he simply walked off the field as if to suggest that domestic opposition no longer matched his ambitions. Nevertheless, he extended his league tally to 144 goals. It was a blessing in disguise when French side Stade Rennes signed the player for a whopping $180,000. Villa used part of that money to buy the Makindye-Luwafu club house.Simply unstoppable

<mask> <mask> can best be described as an orthodox forward, one who makes scoring look easy. He was a natural finisher who got the best out of his physical presence. He was also a deadball specialist. On the other hand, he was a tireless workhorse with exceptional firepower; added to pace, good dribbling skills and a great aerial presence, he was the most difficult striker to mark. While many of today's strikers avoid tackles, <mask> Musisi was a nightmare for man-markers. Yet despite his fearsome frame, Musisi was always composed and never lost his temper or retaliated yet many teams purposely set out to eliminate him. Professional football

At Rennes, <mask> <mask> was a regular presence and scored a number of crucial goals, which prompted Turkish side Bursaspor to sign him in 1997 for a reported $1m.He later moved to Dardanelspor, another Turkish club before he brought the curtain down on his professional career in 2001. "Dardanelspor still owes him money", says Nantongo, without disclosing the amount. [<mask> (front row second right) at Dardanelspor]

<mask> (front row second right) at Dardanelspor

<mask> Musisi returned to Uganda in 2001 and rejoined SC Villa. However, it was clear he was over the hill and failed to show the predatory skills of the past. He remained a key player for Uganda, captaining the side on several occasions and the highlight was a hat-trick in 1998 in the 5–0 win over Rwanda. However, he unceremoniously ended his Cranes career when Harrison Okagbue, the then coach threw him out of camp for breaching the team's code of conduct in 2000. In 2002, he joined Vietnamese side Da Nang but returned in 2004 and joined Ggaba United.There, he failed to get off the mark and called it a day. For all the great goals he scored, Uganda's failure to qualify for the Nations Cup somehow dented his overall greatness. In 1991, <mask> and his Villa teammates turned down a national call-up before a crucial Nations Cup qualifier against DR Congo. After spending two seasons with the Rennes in France where he played a total of 64 matches scoring 18 goals (League 2 and Coupe de France), he was sold to the Turkish top-flight club Bursaspor and later to Çanakkale Dardanelspor for 1.8 billion Ugandan shillings transfer fee ($1 million), making a record in the transfer market for the most expensive Uganda import. In the 1996 season, he was voted Best Foreign Player of the Year in the Turkish league. After playing in Turkey he had a spell playing for Đà Nẵng in Vietnam. He founded the now famous Bursaspor crocodile walk goal celebration during the UEFA Intertoto Cup match against German side Karlsruher SC on 2 August 1995.He also played for the Ugandan national team. Controversy

Personal life
Magid <mask> was married to Suzan Nantongo with whom he had separated shortly before his death. <mask> fathered seven children

Death
He died after a long illness on December 13, 2005 at his mother's home in Bwaise, a city suburb of Kampala, where he has been staying after his condition worsened. His body was transferred to his Muyenga home, from where it will be taken to neighbouring Bukasa for burial at 4pm on December 14, 2005. References

External links
 Rennes profile

1967 births
2005 deaths
Ugandan footballers
Uganda international footballers
Stade Rennais F.C. players
Expatriate footballers in France
Bursaspor footballers
Dardanelspor footballers
Expatriate footballers in Turkey
Süper Lig players
SC Villa players
Association football forwards

masks:
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