title: Kristen Ghodsee

texts:
<mask> (born April 26, 1970) is an American ethnographer and Professor of Russian and East European Studies at the University of Pennsylvania. She is primarily known for her ethnographic work on post-Communist Bulgaria as well as being a contributor to the field of postsocialist gender studies. Contrary to the prevailing opinion of most feminist scholars in the 1990s who believed that women would be disproportionately harmed by the collapse of Communist states, <mask> argued that many East European women would actually fare better than men in newly competitive labor markets because of the cultural capital that they had acquired before 1989. She was critical of the role of Western feminist nongovernmental organizations doing work among East European women in the 1990s. She examined the shifting gender relations of Muslim minorities after Communist rule, and the intersections of Islamic beliefs and practices with the ideological remains of Marxism–Leninism. Career
<mask>, the American Council of Learned Societies, the International Research & Exchanges Board (IREX), and the National Council for Eurasian and East European Research. She was a resident fellow at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, The Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars in Washington, The Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research in Rostock, Germany, the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study at Harvard University, and the Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies (FRIAS). In 2012, she was elected president of the Society for Humanistic Anthropology. Work

Red nostalgia, victims of Communism, and neoliberalism
In 2004, <mask> published one of the first articles considering the gendered aspects of the growing Communist nostalgia in Eastern Europe. Already beginning in the late 1990s, various scholars were examining the phenomenon of Ostalgie in former East Germany and what had been called Yugo-nostalgia in the successor states of the former Communist Yugoslavia. This earlier work on the emergence of Communist nostalgia focused on its consumer aspects and considered the phenomenon a necessary phase that post-Communist populations needed to pass through in order to fully break with their Communist pasts. In contrast, her concept of "red nostalgia" considered how individual men and women experienced the loss of the real material benefits of the socialist past.Rather than just a wistful glance back at a lost youth, red nostalgia formed the basis of an emerging critique of the political and economic upheavals that characterized the postsocialist era. Ghodsee has explored the politics of public memory about Communist states, World War II, and the Holocaust in Bulgaria. According Ghodsee, the Victims of Communism Memorial Foundation is a conservative anti-communist organization which seeks to equate communism with murder such as by erecting billboards in Times Square which declare "100 years, 100 million killed" and "Communism kills." Ghodsee posits that the foundation, along with counterpart conservative organizations in Eastern Europe, seeks to institutionalize the "Victims of Communism" narrative as a double genocide theory, or the moral equivalence between the Nazi Holocaust (race murder) and the victims of Communism (class murder). Ghodsee argues the 100 million estimate favored by the foundation is dubious, as their source for this is the controversial introduction to The Black Book of Communism by Stéphane Courtois. She also says that this effort by anti-communist conservative organizations has intensified, in particular the recent push at the beginning of the global financial crisis for commemoration of the latter in Europe, and can be seen as the response by economic and political elites to fears of a leftist resurgence in the face of devastated economies and extreme inequalities in both the East and West as the result of the excesses of neoliberal capitalism. Ghodsee argues that that any discussion of the achievements under Communist states, including literacy, education, women's rights, and social security is usually silenced, and any discourse on the subject of communism is focused almost exclusively on Stalin's crimes and the double genocide theory.In her 2017 book Red Hangover: Legacies of Twentieth-Century Communism, Ghodsee posits that the triumphalist attitudes of Western powers at the end of the Cold War, and the fixation with linking all leftist and socialist political ideals with the horrors of Stalinism, allowed neoliberalism to fill the void, which undermined democratic institutions and reforms, leaving a trail of economic misery, unemployment, hopelessness and rising inequality throughout the former Eastern Bloc and much of the West in the following decades that has fueled the rise of extremist right-wing nationalism in both the former and the latter. She says that the time has come "to rethink the democratic project and finally do the work necessary to either rescue it from the death grip of neoliberalism, or replace it with a new political ideal that leads us forward to a new stage of human history." Literary ethnography
Ghodsee's later work combines traditional ethnography with a literary sensibility, employing the stylistic conventions of creative nonfiction to produce academic texts that are meant to be accessible to a wider audience. Inspired by the work of Clifford Geertz and the conventions of "thick description", she is a proponent of "literary ethnography." This genre uses narrative tension, dialogue and lyrical prose in the presentation of ethnographic data. Furthermore, Ghodsee argues that literary ethnographies are often "documentary ethnographies", i.e. ethnographies whose primary purpose is to explore the inner working of a particular culture without necessarily subsuming these observations to a specific theoretical agenda.Ghodsee's third book, Lost in Transition: Ethnographies of Everyday Life After Communism, combines personal ethnographic essays with ethnographic fiction to paint a human portrait of the political and economic transition from Communist rule. While some reviewers have found the book "compelling and highly readable", and "an enchanting, deeply intimate and experimental ethnographic narrative", others have faulted the book for telling a story "at the expense of theory." That the book was judged "remarkably free of academic jargon and neologisms" produced very "mixed feelings" within the scholarly community, with one critic stating that "the somewhat unconventional technique of incorporating fiction alongside her [Ghodsee's] ethnographic vignettes feels a bit forced." Outside of academia, however, one reviewer claimed that Lost in Transition "is very easy to read and is, in fact, impossible to put down, largely because it is so well-written." Awards
Ghodsee's 2010 book, Muslim Lives in Eastern Europe: Gender, Ethnicity and the Transformation of Islam in Postsocialist Bulgaria was awarded the 2010 Barbara Heldt Prize for the best book, by a woman in Slavic/Eurasian/East European Studies, the 2011 Harvard University/Davis Center Book Prize from the Association for Slavic, East European and Eurasian Studies, the 2011 John D. Bell Book Prize from the Bulgarian Studies Association and the 2011 William A. Douglass Prize in Europeanist Anthropology from the Society for the Anthropology of Europe of the American Anthropological Association. Ghodsee won the 2011 Ethnographic Fiction Prize from the Society for Humanistic Anthropology for the short story "Tito Trivia," included in her book, Lost in Transition: Ethnographies of Everyday Life After Communism. Together with co-author, Charles Dorn, Ghodsee was awarded the 2012 Best Article Prize from the History of Education Society (HES) for the article in the journal Diplomatic History: “The Cold War Politicization of Literacy: UNESCO, Communism, and the World Bank.” In 2012, she won a John Simon Guggenheim Fellowship for her work in anthropology and cultural studies.Scholarly feminist review
<mask>'s scholarly work on gender and everyday life during and after socialism has drawn criticism from Western feminists. In a 2014 essay in the European Journal of Women's Studies, philosopher Nanette Funk included Ghodsee among a handful of "Revisionist Feminist Scholars" who uncritically tout the achievements of communist-era women's organizations, ignoring the oppressive nature of authoritarian regimes in Eastern Europe. Funk argued that the "Feminist Revisionists" are too eager in their "desire to find women’s agency in an anti-capitalist Marxist past" and that this "leads to distortions" and "making overly bold claims" about the possibilities for feminist activism under Communist states. In response, <mask> asserts that her scholarship seeks to expand the idea of feminism beyond the attainment of "personal self-actualization", asserting that "if the goal of feminism is to improve women's lives, along with eliminating discrimination and promoting equality with men, then there is ample room to reconsider what Krassimira Daskalova calls the 'women-friendly' policies of state socialist women's organizations". She notes that "the goal of much recent scholarship on state socialist women's organizations is to show how the communist ideology could lead to real improvements in women's literacy, education, professional training, as well as access to health care, the extension of paid maternity leave, and a reduction of their economic dependence on men (facts that even Funk does not deny)". Personal life

Ghodsee identifies herself as being of "Puerto Rican-Persian heritage". Her father was Persian, and her mother Puerto Rican.<mask> grew up in San Diego. While attending university she met and married a Bulgarian law student. She is the mother of one teenage daughter. Books
 <mask><mask>, Second World, Second Sex: Socialist Women's Activism and Global Solidarity during the Cold War, Durham, Duke University Press, 2019. <mask><mask>, Why Women Have Better Sex Under Socialism and other arguments for economic independence, Nation Books, 2018. <mask>, Red Hangover: Legacies of Twentieth-Century Communism, Durham, Duke University Press, 2017. <mask>, From Notes to Narrative: Writing Ethnographies that Everyone Can Read.Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2016. <mask>, The Left Side of History: World War II and the Unfulfilled Promise of Communism in Eastern Europe, Durham, Duke University Press, 2015. <mask>, Lost in Transition: Ethnographies of Everyday Life After Communism, Durham: Duke University Press, 2011. <mask>, Muslim Lives in Eastern Europe: Gender, Ethnicity and the Transformation of Islam in Postsocialist Bulgaria. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2009. <mask>, ' The Red Riviera: Gender, Tourism and Postsocialism on the Black Sea, Durham: Duke University Press, 2005. Rachel Connelly and <mask>,  Professor Mommy: Finding Work/Family Balance in Academia, Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc., 2011.Significant journal articles

 "Pressuring the Politburo: The Committee of the Bulgarian Women's Movement and State Socialist Feminism," Slavic Review, Volume 73, Number 2, Fall 2014. "Rethinking State Socialist Mass Women's Organizations: The Committee of the Bulgarian Women's Movement and the United Nations Decade for Women, 1975-1985", Journal of Women's History, Volume 24, Number 4, Winter 2012. "Subtle Censorships: Notes on Studying Bulgarian Women's Lives Under Communism," Journal of Women's History: Beyond the Page, Fall 2012
 "Feminism-by-Design:  Emerging Capitalisms, Cultural Feminism and Women's Nongovernmental Organizations in Post-Socialist Eastern Europe," Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society,  Spring 2004 (Vol. 29, No. 3)
 With Amy Borovoy

 "Socialist Secularism: Gender, Religion and Modernity in Bulgaria and Yugoslavia, 1946-1989" with Pam Ballinger, Aspasia: The International Yearbook of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern European Women's and Gender History, Vol. 5: 6-27

"Minarets after Marx: Islam, Communist Nostalgia, and the Common Good in Postsocialist Bulgaria." East European Politics & Societies, November 2010 24: 520-542
"Left Wing, Right Wing, Everything: Xenophobia, Neo-totalitarianism and Populist Politics in Contemporary Bulgaria", Problems of Post-Communism, (Vol.55, No. 3 May–June 2008)
 "Religious Freedoms versus Gender Equality: Faith-Based Organizations, Muslim Minorities and Islamic Headscarves in Modern Bulgaria," Social Politics, (Vol. 14, No. 4, 2007)
 "Red Nostalgia? Communism, Women's Emancipation, and Economic Transformation in Bulgaria," L'Homme: Zeitschrift für Feministische Geschichtswissenschaft (Journal for Feminist History), Spring 2004 (Vol. 15, No. 1/2004)."And if the Shoe Doesn't Fit? (Wear it Anyway? ): Economic Transformation and Western Paradigm of 'Women in Development' in Post-Communist Central and Eastern Europe", Women's Studies Quarterly, Fall & Winter 2003 (Vol. 31, No. 3 & 4)
 Revisiting 1989: The Specter Still Haunts, Dissent Magazine, Spring 2012
 "Коса ("Hair" in Bulgarian) разказ от Кристен Ghodsee
 "Tito Trivia" Anthropology and Humanism, Vol. 37, No. 1, June 2012: 105–108."What Has Socialism Ever Done For Women?" (with Julia Mead) Catalyst. Vol. 2, No. 2, Summer 2018. (Audio) <mask> discusses nostalgia for communism in Bulgaria with Lisa Mullins on BBC/PRI's The World
 (Audio) <mask> on Nostalgia for Communism on Northeast Public Radio
 (Audio) <mask> discusses headscarves in Bulgaria with Lisa Mullins on BBC/PRI's The World
 (Audio) "Sixth Fire Suicide in Bulgaria," Interview on Voice of Russia (UK Edition), March 21, 2013. (Video) <mask> discusses The Red Riviera with George Liston Seay on Dialogue
 (Video) <mask> discusses communist mass women's organizations on ILO TV
 (Print) Кристeн Годси: "Българските жени са приспособими, упорити и готови да поемат и най-големите предизвикателства"
 (Audio) New Podcast Features Dr. <mask> - American Anthropological Association, January 24, 2014
 (Print) Bulgaria: Manufacturing Mass Distraction and Conspiracy Theories (Interview with <mask>)
 (Print) The Association for Slavic, East European, and Eurasian Studies (ASEEES) interview, September 2014
 (Print) No Scrubs Jacobin, November 29, 2018
 (Print) Want Better Sex?Consider Moving to a Socialist Country. Truthdig, December 21, 2018

1970 births
American anthropologists
American anthropology writers
American people of Iranian descent
American people of Puerto Rican descent
American women anthropologists
Bowdoin College faculty
Cultural anthropologists
Gender studies academics
Living people
Place of birth missing (living people)
University of California, Berkeley alumni
University of California, Santa Cruz alumni

masks:
Kristen Rogheh Ghodsee
Ghodsee
Ghodseebright
Ghodsee
Ghodsee
Ghodsee
Ghodsee
Kristen R
. Ghodsee
Kristen R
. Ghodsee
Kristen Ghodsee
Kristen Ghodsee
Kristen Ghodsee
Kristen Ghodsee
Kristen Ghodsee
Kristen Ghodsee
Kristen Ghodsee
Kristen Ghodsee
Kristen Ghodsee
Kristen Ghodsee
Kristen Ghodsee
Kristen Ghodsee
Kristen Ghodsee
Kristen Ghodsee


title: Howard Moscoe

type: original

texts:
<mask> (born November 28, 1939) is a former city councillor in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, representing Ward 15 in the western part of Eglinton-Lawrence. Among the most prominent and longest-serving councillors in the city, he is also known for an outspokenness which caused controversy at times. Moscoe is a member of the New Democratic Party. On August 31, 2010, after 31 years as an elected municipal politician, Moscoe announced his retirement from city council. Early life and career
Moscoe's father, Alexander, was born to a Jewish family in Łódź, Poland, moved to Canada as a child before the First World War. His uncle, <mask>, was the first licensed taxi driver in Toronto (cab license #1). Moscoe was a junior high school art teacher with the North York Board of Education before entering political life, and was president of the North York Elementary Teachers' Federation and a governor of the Ontario Teachers' Federation.He campaigned for a seat on the North York Hydro Commission in 1974, and ran for the Ontario legislature in 1975 and 1977 as the Ontario New Democratic Party candidate in Wilson Heights. Moscoe initially supported extension of the Spadina Expressway to reduce traffic in his riding, but opposed further extension once the freeway was partially completed and renamed as Allen Road. Moscoe is also a successful businessman as a designer and producer of election signs. In the late 1980s, he personally designed a brand of plastic sleeves to prevent rainwater damage during campaigns. He claimed 78 candidates as customers in the 1988 municipal election, and a further eighteen in the 1988 federal election. Moscoe later said that he supplied every sign used by the New Democrats in the 1999 provincial election. He is an active member of the Canadian Jewish Congress, and has served on its community relations committee.Moscoe graduated from Lakeshore Teachers College and completed BA degrees at Wilfrid Laurier University and York University, and a Master of Education at the University of Toronto. North York Council

Ward Alderman
<mask> was first elected to the North York city council in 1978, defeating incumbent alderman Murray Markin in the city's fourth ward. He soon emerged as a prominent voice on the council's left, and became a frequent critic of Mayor Mel Lastman. Moscoe criticized Lastman's ties to regional developers, arguing that the mayor often used reformist rhetoric to hide a pro-establishment bias. Moscoe once described his rivalry with Lastman by saying, "It's a fundamental difference of opinion. He's the wheeler-dealer, free-enterpriser, step-up-and-see-the-dancing-girls type of politician, while I'm a strong social democrat." This comment notwithstanding, Moscoe quickly developed his own reputation for political theatrics against Lastman.He once purchased one of Lastman's toupees at a charity auction, and used it to dust his chair and desk at the start of council meetings.<ref>Michael Valpy, "<mask>e: Unguided missile", 'The Globe and Mail, April 13, 1999, A15.</ref>

Moscoe asked the Law Society of Upper Canada to intervene in his 1982 re-election campaign, alleging that rival candidate <mask> was running with the deliberate intent of confusing voters. He informed the media that the ten nominees who signed <mask>'s papers also signed those of Eleanor Rosen, a more serious challenger associated with the Progressive Conservatives. A Supreme Court of Ontario judge ruled that both Moscoes were legitimate candidates. Moscoe was re-elected, although by a reduced margin. In 1984, Moscoe was a leading supporter of reform legislation to limit campaign contributions to $500 per year and require candidates to declare expenses, contributions and contributors within ninety days of an election. Largely through his efforts, North York became the first municipality in the Toronto area to pass such legislation. Moscoe later supported tax credits for municipal political donations, similar to those used at the provincial and federal levels.Also in 1984, he spoke out against the strict enforcement of an anti-scalping by-law outside Exhibition Stadium during home games by the Toronto Blue Jays baseball team. He argued that some constituents who were not scalpers were given fines for selling extra tickets outside the stadium at face value. To protest the law, he painted a yellow line on the pavement 400 metres from the stadium and declared the area past the line a "free trade zone" for fans to exchange tickets. Moscoe campaigned for the Ontario legislature a third time in 1985, and finished third against Liberal Monte Kwinter in a provincial swing to the Liberal Party. He was subsequently elected to a seat on the North York Board of Control in the municipal election later in the year, focusing his campaign on issues such as housing and affordable day care. City Controller
Moscoe was the only left-leaning member on the city's Board of Control between 1985 and 1988, and was frequently at odds with its other members. He nonetheless rose to a position of administrative leadership, overseeing finances, policy initiatives and a variety of technical matters.On policy, Moscoe promoted the creation of a municipal housing corporation in North York to promote rent-geared-to-income housing. He argued that the city's housing situation was in crisis, and that government inaction would result in a rise in homelessness in later years. He also promoted employment equity, and supported the extension of anti-smoking regulations in the workplace. Moscoe was fighting a personal battle to quit smoking at the time. In 1986, Moscoe took part in a demonstration organized by members of Toronto's Jewish community against the South African government's policy of apartheid. He was quoted as saying, "The world stood by while Hitler brought in his Nuremberg korrekt laws. It's important we not make the same mistake again."He also described the South African government as "fascist, no matter how you slice it." Some members of the North York council, including Mel Lastman, attempted to remove Moscoe from the city's planning advisory committee in 1986. Moscoe described the effort as "a thinly veiled direct personal attack on myself", while another councillor later acknowledged that it was intended as punishment for Moscoe's outspokenness against Lastman. He survived the motion by eleven votes to six. Despite his rivalry with Lastman, <mask> was the prime mover in a motion dedicating North York's 1.8-hectare Mel Lastman Square in 1986. Shortly before the dedication, he said that Lastman was "responsible for the development of the downtown and the centrepiece of the downtown is the civic square". Some speculated that <mask>, who had his own ambitions to serve as Mayor of North York, was attempting to hasten Lastman's retirement.Moscoe was the only North York councillor to oppose a ban on Now Magazine from parts of city hall in 1988. He awarded the magazine with a prize for journalistic excellence in March 1988, while serving a week-long term as acting mayor in Lastman's absence. Metro Councillor

Part-time
<mask>'s election to the North York Board of Control in 1985 gave him an automatic seat on the Metropolitan Toronto council, which was then a part-time body made up of representatives from six municipal councils. He supported several reforms to the council's operations, including direct election and increased powers of governance. Particularly notable was his call for the Metro Police Commission and Toronto Transit Commission to be governed entirely by elected officials, rather than by mixed bodies of elected officials and appointees. Moscoe rose to greater prominence in 1988 as a leading critic of proposed Sunday shopping reforms introduced by the provincial government of David Peterson. Moscoe argued that the Peterson government was abdicating its responsibility by permitting municipalities to legislate change on the issue, and described efforts to expand Sunday shopping as "an attack on labor unions, small business and the family".He served as chairman of a task force on Sunday shopping, and oversaw a series of public meetings on the issue in 1990. Full-time

First term
Metro Toronto introduced the direct election of councillors in 1988. Moscoe chose to run for a seat on the new council, and was declared elected when his only opponent withdrew one day after nominations closed. He described his acclamation as bittersweet, in that he had already ordered 25,000 campaign pamphlets. After the election, he supported Dennis Flynn's unsuccessful bid to be re-elected as Metro chairman. Flynn lost to Alan Tonks, whom Moscoe later criticized as "Mr. Indecision" and "Mr. Subcommittee". Moscoe's efforts to reform the Toronto Transit Commission came to fruition in late 1988, when council voted to replace all of the TTC's citizen members with elected officials.Moscoe argued that the change was necessary in light of the Metro councillors's increased responsibilities, adding that the "citizen members" were in fact high-level patronage appointees. One of Moscoe's leading allies in achieving this reform was Chris Stockwell, later a Progressive Conservative cabinet minister in Ontario. He criticized Mel Lastman's plans to provide public funding for the North York Performing Arts Centre in 1991, arguing that it was an unnecessary expense and that private entrepreneur Garth Drabinsky would be the primary beneficiary. (Drabinsky was later charged with accounting fraud after Livent went bankrupt.) Moscoe also criticized the municipal election reforms passed by David Peterson's government in the same period, arguing that large land developers would be able to avoid donation limits without difficulty. Second and third terms
Moscoe was re-elected in the 1991 municipal election, defeating two minor challengers. A Toronto Star survey from the election lists him as the hardest-working member of council, but adds "his effectiveness has been hurt by his penchant for mischief-making, which often casts him in the role of the buffoon".He was appointed to the Toronto Transit Commission after the election. Moscoe became involved with municipal gaming issues in the mid-1990s, and supported the provincial government of Bob Rae in its plans for casino expansion. He served on Toronto's casino committee for the Canadian National Exhibition (CNE), and favoured the introduction of horse race betting in 1994. Moscoe later called for a permanent casino to be established on Exhibition grounds. He was a leading opponent of the federal government's decision to sell the Toronto Pearson International Airport in 1993, arguing that the airport should be owned by Toronto-area taxpayers. He described the sale as a "sell-out" orchestrated by members of the governing Progressive Conservative Party, and argued that the deal would be remembered as "the greatest orgy of patronage ever in this country." After the Liberal Party of Canada won the 1993 federal election, Moscoe encouraged new Prime Minister Jean Chrétien to cancel the deal and turn the airport over to a non-profit local authority.Chrétien subsequently cancelled the deal. Moscoe has long been a supporter of gay and lesbian issues. He was one of three TTC members to support the group "Toronto Area Gays and Lesbians" (TAGL) in a 1993 controversy over TTC advertising: TAGL had purchased advertising space, only to have their contract revoked when other commission members complained that the content was too controversial. Moscoe also spoke out against Metro's decision to reject funding for two gay and lesbian cultural groups in the same year, urging councillors "not to succumb to a radical, right-wing fringe" in withholding revenue. In December 1995, Moscoe co-sponsored a successful motion calling for Metro Toronto to block a contract with Shell Canada, on the grounds that its parent company was complicit with human rights violations in Nigeria. In 1996, he opposed a plan to fingerprint welfare recipients. Toronto councillor

1997-2003
The provincial government of Mike Harris eliminated the Metropolitan Toronto council in 1997, and amalgamated its six former municipalities to create the new City of Toronto.Moscoe supported amalgamation in principle, but was skeptical about the future of social service and education funding under the Harris government's plan. He was elected to the new city council in the 1997 election, while his old nemesis Mel Lastman was elected as the first mayor of the new city. Moscoe soon resumed his role as Lastman's chief critic, but nevertheless won Lastman's support to become chair of the Toronto Transit Commission in January 1998. His term lasted until the 2000 municipal election. Moscoe was re-elected in 2000 over Tony Rizzo, a former NDP Member of Provincial Parliament who had later crossed over to the Liberal Party. He was reappointed as a TTC commissioner, but relinquished the chairmanship to Brian Ashton. He was subsequently reappointed to a second term as TTC chair in March 2003 after Betty Disero's resignation, and was reconfirmed in the position after the 2003 election.Moscoe broke with other left-leaning councillors to vote in favour of a proposed island airport bridge in 2002, even though he actually opposed the bridge in principle. He later explained that his vote was part of a compromise arrangement with Bombardier and developer Robert Deluce to have a large piece of land surrounding the Downsview subway stop set aside for residential development. The city later reached a separate deal with Bombardier, and Moscoe voted against the bridge when the issue was reconsidered in late 2003. Moscoe is a prominent ally of David Miller, who was elected as Lastman's successor in the 2003 municipal election. Moscoe's own campaign for re-election in 2003 was complicated by a heart virus, which resulted in a rare condition known constrictive pericarditis. He organized most of his re-election campaign from a hospital bed, and did not publicize his illness until later in the year. 2003-2006
Moscoe was strongly critical of a 2004 decision by the provincial government of Dalton McGuinty to negotiate future infrastructural arrangements with the Association of Municipalities of Ontario rather than with individual communities.He argued that the plan was detrimental to Toronto's interests, and suggested that the city might consider leaving the AMO in protest. He was quoted as saying, "We are not going to let the village of East Garafraxa determine how public transit funding is distributed in Toronto". This dispute notwithstanding, Moscoe supported of the provincial government's plans to grant increased governmental powers to Toronto. Also in 2004, Moscoe brought forward a successful motion to rename a street in his ward as "Tommy Douglas Gardens". In late 2005, Moscoe

masks:
Howard Moscoe
Joe Moscoe
Moscoe
Howard Mosco
Sydney Moscoe
Sydney Moscoe
Moscoe
Moscoe
Moscoe


title: Howard Moscoe

texts:
 amended a municipal motion to include Toronto councillors and the mayor under the terms of a planned 12.25% salary increase for the city's unionized employees. Some members of council later said that they did not notice the change, and were unaware that they were voting themselves a pay increase when they approved the bill. Moscoe denied that any trickery was involved, and suggested that certain councillors were disingenuously trying to appear disinterested in their salaries.He added, "I think we deserve the same raises everybody else got - modest though they may be. I'm not in the slightest bit embarrassed." He withdrew the motion when council reconsidered its raise increase in January 2006, saying that the matter had been "blown all out of proportion" by the media. Council controversies
Moscoe was criticized for yelling an obscenity at Rob Ford in a 2004 meeting, for which he later apologized. He initially joked that he had told Ford to "flock off, as the birds do". Moscoe distributed a prankish memo to other councillors in late 2005, entitled "How far will Lady Jane go? ", drawing a connection between Jane Pitfield's planned challenge against David Miller in 2006 and Lady Jane Grey's nine-day reign as Queen regnant of England in 1553.He withdrew the memo after complaints, and wrote an apology to Pitfield for any offence given. Rival councillors Karen Stintz and Frances Nunziata argued that the contest was demeaning to women, and Stintz suggested that Moscoe had "a history of making disparaging comments to women". Stintz and David Soknacki signed an affidavit requesting that Moscoe be investigated by the integrity commissioner for the comments. Moscoe argued that the contest was not sexist, acknowledging that it was directed against Pitfield but denying that he was targeting her gender. One Toronto columnist suggested that the memo criticisms were politically motivated in order to aid Pitfield's potential candidacy. Pitfield did not consider the memo offensive, and initially joked that she was planning to enter the contest. Moscoe was later criticized for allegedly sexist comments made in an exchange with Frances Nunziata in 2006.Nunziata had complained that bus service in her ward was substandard, and asked Moscoe to walk the area's streets for a first-hand view. Moscoe responded by saying, "Councillor, I leave walking the streets to you", which was a play on words referring to "street-walker", a euphemism for "prostitute". He subsequently apologized, adding "on occasion my mouth gets ahead of my brain". Nunziata wrote an open letter to the city's integrity commissioner, asking that Moscoe be censured for his comments. 2006 election
In July 2006, a local taxpayer group called the Coalition for Municipal Change announced that it would try to find a challenger for Moscoe in the 2006 municipal election. Moscoe described the Coalition as a "Tory front group who are basically trying to destroy the balance of council", and later said "I always face two or three or four opponents during an election [...] Bring them on." No candidate came forward, and the coalition did not endorse any of Moscoe's opponents.Moscoe defeated Ron Singer, his closest challenger, by about a two-to-one margin. 2006-2010
Moscoe stood down as TTC chair following the 2006 election, and was selected as chair of Toronto's licensing and standards committee. He is also a member of David Miller's executive committee . Soon after the swearing-in ceremony in December 2006, Moscoe distributed a list of his priorities to journalists, which was highlighted by a plan to license Toronto's landlords. The plan calls for landlords to pay a high per-unit fee if their properties are run down, and a low fee if the buildings are in good shape. "Good landlords have nothing to fear from the licensing scheme because the amounts they are going to pay will be marginal," he has said. "The emphasis in whatever scheme we establish must be making the bad landlords pay".He conducted a media tour of the worst-kept buildings in Toronto in early 2007. Moscoe has called for Ontario's disabled parking system to be overhauled, arguing that the current system is both outdated and rampant with abuse. He says that many non-disabled Ontarians are currently using disabled parking permits for convenience purposes. In a letter published in the Toronto Star in February 2007, Moscoe argues that subsidies should be provided to the disabled poor, rather than to those who can afford their own and drive a car. In late March 2007, Moscoe led the licensing and standards committee in supporting a ban on airport limousines picking up fares in Toronto (a practice sometimes called "scooping"). Council approved the motion the following month, but imposed a one-month delay on its enforcement to allow further negotiations with the Greater Toronto Airport Authority and the City of Mississauga. Several airport drivers protested the new law at city council.In an unrelated matter, Moscoe attempted to have Toronto's numbered electoral wards given new names in early 2007. The motion was defeated by council. Issues

Transportation
Moscoe has long been a prominent advocate for public transit in Toronto. As early as 1979, he brought forward a motion to the Federation of Canadian Municipalities calling for senior levels of government to provide operating and capital costs for public transit in cities. He recommended that Toronto take steps to improve its transit network in 1989, following the release of a report indicating that rush-hour traffic would double between 1981 and 2001. He was quoted as saying, "We can no longer afford the absolute luxury of people travelling alone and taking up valuable space on the road. The only solution is to improve public transit and increase disincentives to travel downtown by car."In 1991, he argued that Metro should charge developers for transit projects. Moscoe recommended several reforms to transit policy following his appointment to the TTC in 1991. He supported lower rates for Toronto's poorer residents, arguing that transit passes could be mailed out with welfare cheques. This idea was opposed by then-TTC chair Mike Colle. Moscoe also advocated lower advertising rates for small businesses, noting that a national recession was resulting in many spaces being left unused. He opposed the TTC's elimination of environmentally friendly trolley bus services in January 1992, and led a successful initiative for their restoration later in the same year. Moscoe also opposed a 16% fare increase in 1992, arguing that the TTC could cut expenses through administration instead.He criticized the service cutbacks introduced by the provincial government of Mike Harris in the mid-1990s, and spoke against a 43% fare increase for students and seniors in 1996. Moscoe later argued that the Harris government's funding cuts were the start of a long period of decline for the TTC, from which it had not entirely recovered by the mid-2000s. Moscoe joined with other NDP councillors to support increased funding for WheelTrans, a transportation service for Toronto's disabled persons, 1995. After the Harris government introduced its funding cuts, however, he reluctantly brought forward a motion to scale back WheelTrans services. He described the motion as "the most difficult decision I've had to make", but argued it was necessary to prevent a total collapse in the city's transit system. He recommended that WheelTrans users voluntarily limit their non-essential use of the service, so as to ensure that it remained accessible for work and school transportation. He opposed further cuts in 1996, and subsequently supported initiatives to make regular buses wheelchair-friendly.TTC Chair, 1998-2000
<mask> was appointed as TTC chair in January 1998, and soon emerged as a prominent rival to David Gunn, the TTC's chief general manager. The two disagreed over policy issues, including the proposed purchase of low-floor buses to benefit elderly and disabled passengers: Moscoe supported the purchase, while Gunn argued that it was beyond the TTC's budget. Gunn also accused Moscoe of interfering in TTC management issues, particularly after Moscoe renegotiated a contract for condominium development at the TTC's Bayview station. Gunn threatened to resign in mid-1998 if Moscoe was not removed, but retracted this threat when the TTC reaffirmed its confidence in Moscoe's leadership. Gunn eventually stepped down in April 1999, saying that Moscoe was "ruining his reputation". His replacement, Rick Ducharme, was openly critical of his predecessor's management style and initially had a more cooperative relationship with Moscoe and other elected officials. There were several attempts to remove Moscoe as TTC chair in 1999, following a threatened strike by TTC workers.During the negotiations, Moscoe had suggested that council should reach a settlement with the workers and then consider a property tax increase to find the necessary revenues. Mel Lastman opposed this proposal, and is widely believed to have coordinated the subsequent efforts to remove Moscoe from office. Four commissioners on the seven-member TTC board issued a statement in April 1999, indicating that they were prepared to "reconsider the position of chair". Moscoe was able to retain his position at a subsequent TTC meeting with a deft procedural move that divided the opposition, and later described the attempt to dismiss him as a "kindergarten coup". His opponents attempted to remove him again in May 1999, when TTC commissioners Chris Korwin-Kuczynski and Brian Ashton brought forward a motion before city council to replace the entire TTC board. Ashton acknowledged that the move was intended to replace Moscoe, whom he described as "very incompetent". Moscoe again retained his position when council rejected the motion, and instead agreed to a compromise plan which saw two new members added to the board.The new appointments did not solve Moscoe's difficulties: both new members were opposed to his leadership, and their appointments led to a renewed effort to remove him as chair. Moscoe responded to the threat by introducing a legal challenge against the manner of the new members' selection: both were chosen by a simple majority of council, and Moscoe argued that a two-thirds majority was required. A court ruling in late June 1999 upheld Moscoe's position and invalidated the appointments. After the ruling, Mel Lastman signalled that he was again willing to accept Moscoe as chair. The controversy ended for a time. There was another effort to remove Moscoe as chair late in 1999, when it was revealed that an employee in his office had faxed confidential documents to a company suing the TTC. Moscoe indicated that he had no awareness of the fax, but submitted a resignation notice to take formal responsibility.The other commissioners planned to reject his resignation after a single day's debate, but commissioner Rob Davis unexpectedly suspended the proceedings and suggested that a broader inquiry be launched. Moscoe then withdrew his resignation, saying that the matter should have been resolved quickly to permit the TTC to return to its regular business. There was a further attempt to dismiss Moscoe in January 2000, but this came to nothing. Despite these controversies, Moscoe's first tenure as TTC chair was marked by several notable accomplishments. The city purchased hundreds of new subway cars, rebuilt several buses and streetcars and maintained its "state of good repair" schedule despite provincial cutbacks. TTC Chair, 2003-2006
After his reappointment in 2003, Moscoe expressed concern that the provincial government of Ernie Eves was abandoning Toronto transit services in favour of projects in the surrounding municipalities. He proposed a referendum for a 1% property tax hike later in the same year, with the revenues to be targeted toward public transit improvements.The city turned down the proposal. In 1999, Moscoe began a lobbying effort to have a percentage of provincial revenues directed toward the TTC. He achieved success in 2004, when Premier Dalton McGuinty declared his support for the plan. In the same period, the federal government of Paul Martin announced that it would contribute a portion of its fuel tax revenues to municipal transit, including the TTC. Moscoe welcomed a $1 billion investment over five years from the federal and provincial governments in 2004, and received a separate $90 million infusion from the provincial Liberal government in the same year to stave off a 25-cent fare increase. Moscoe endorsed the Martin government's 2005 budget, which implemented the federal gas-tax plan. In April 2005, Moscoe led the TTC in last-minute negotiations with the city's transit union to prevent a city-wide strike.Published reports indicate that a shouting match between Moscoe and union president Bob Kinnear sparked the final successful negotiations. When the union accepted a tentative deal, Moscoe remarked, "I feel like a member of the bomb squad who was faced with a green wire and red one and thank God we cut the red wire". Moscoe oversaw TTC fare increases in both 2005 and 2006. The 2005 increase saw adult fares rise by 25 cents and the price of tickets and tokens rise by ten cents; the TTC attempted to mitigate the inconvenience by simultaneously introducing a $30 weekly transferable pass that could be shared among friends, family and co-workers. Moscoe was quoted as saying, "I don't like having to raise fares. We haven't had a fare hike in two years and it barely covers inflation. We've tried to make it as painless as possible."Critics nevertheless argued that the hike would hurt the city's working poor. A separate ten-cent fare increase in 2006 was justified as a necessary consequence of soaring gas prices in North America. Moscoe argued that the alternative of cutting back services was not a viable option. Moscoe was a prominent supporter of the rebuild of the streetcar right-of-way on St. Clair Avenue. He argued that if the project was cancelled, as some Toronto politicians had suggested, it would be costly and would worsen gridlock in the city. He also called for the province to re-assume responsibility for the western section of the Gardiner Expressway, which was formerly part of the Queen Elizabeth Way (QEW) until it was downloaded to the city in 1998. He suggested that it be renamed the "Dalton McGuinty Expressway" if the province refused.In March 2006, Moscoe announced that he would support provincial funding for a united transit system covering the Greater Toronto Area from Burlington to Oshawa. He later criticized federal Finance Minister Jim Flaherty's plans for a transit tax credit, arguing that it would be difficult to administer and would only benefit the most affluent transit users.


title: Howard Moscoe

texts:
 Moscoe has also criticized the provincial government's plan to introduce "smart card" transit passes for the Greater Toronto Area, arguing that the city could buy 400 buses with the money being spent on the program. Summer 2006
In May 2006, the Amalgamated Transit Union placed ads in local newspapers suggesting that the TTC was callously denying benefit coverage to injured transit operator Bobby Lowe. Moscoe called the union's allegations false, noting that a different agency was responsible for the payment of employee benefits. Moscoe also said that TTC workers were treated consistently with other injured workers in the province, and noted that injury pay issue was not mentioned during the last bargaining session on April 2005. ATU President Bob Kinnear responded saying that Moscoe was attacking Lowe's honesty.Moscoe apologized to Lowe during a meeting at City Hall, and promised to "sort out our procedures" to ensure that coverage would not be delayed to injured workers in the future.Kevin McGran, "Moscoe apologizes to TTC driver", Toronto Star, June 2, 2006. TTC General Manager Rick Ducharme announced his resignation on June 7, 2006, following a one-day wildcat strike by transit workers. He blamed political interference for his decision, saying that Moscoe had conducted direct negotiations with the union without consulting him. The Toronto Star speculated that the illegal strike might have resulted from Moscoe's negotiations, while David Shiner and other councilors said that Moscoe had a history of interfering in management affairs. John Barber, a columnist for the rival The Globe and Mail, argued that Ducharme's resignation was not a reasonable response to Moscoe's alleged interference. Moscoe defended his actions, arguing that he had an obligation to take part in the discussions and was attempting to ensure that a second strike did not take place. He later said that management was to blame for the wildcat strike, and that he intervened in an attempt to stop it.Ducharme also criticized Moscoe for granting a non-bid contract to Bombardier for the purchase of new subway cars, citing an estimate from rival company Siemens suggesting that it would cost Toronto as much as $100 million. Ducharme and several councillors had advocated making the process open to competition, arguing that this would result in the best deal for the city. Moscoe defended his decision by noting that Bombardier plans to construct the cars in Thunder Bay, Ontario with parts-supply work in Toronto, while Siemens would have exported construction to China. He also cited a Bombardier-initiated study asserting that the contract will generate $142 million in provincial and federal tax revenues. Moscoe has also defended the contracting process, arguing that non-competitive contracts are standard practice for such purchases in other jurisdictions. He later added that he initially considered an open-bid contract, but reconsidered after discovering that Siemens constructs its cars in China. Some councillors accused Moscoe of having an improper relationship with Bombardier, which had donated to Moscoe's campaign and sent out invitations to a political fundraiser for TTC Vice-Chair Adam Giambrone, an ally of Moscoe, although he turned down the assistance.Moscoe had also taken part in a Bombardier-organized trip to Tel Aviv in 1998, to promote subway construction in Israel. Moscoe responded to the accusation by saying that he was the target of a smear campaign, noting that there had been "nothing secret" about his 1998 trip, which was funded by the Israeli government. He added that he had also received campaign contributions from Siemens. Moscoe said that his opponents were "trying to get to the mayor" by attacking him, and argued that the controversy was being fomented by Siemens and its lobbyists, who were in contact with a number of councillors critical of the non-bid contract. In the aftermath of Ducharme's resignation, the Toronto Star newspaper and some city councillors called for Moscoe to stand down as TTC chair. He initially dismissed these calls as politically motivated, but later said that he was thinking about resigning after the 2006 municipal election. "TTC in turmoil, Moscoe must go" (editorial), Toronto Star, June 8, 2006, 7:17 report;"Moscoe thinking about quitting as TTC chair, CTV News, June 8, 2006, 13:53 report; There was another attempt to remove Moscoe as TTC chair in July 2006, but he defeated the challenge by a vote of 5 to 3.In late August 2006, an outside panel of experts judged that Bombardier's offer was a good deal for city, with one consultant saying that the proposed bid "is below most of the recent comparable North American procurements." In the aftermath of the report, councillor Glenn De Baeremaeker was quoted as saying, "if what you have told me [about the price] is true, somebody owes <mask>e an apology". The TTC staff have also recommended finalizing a deal with Bombardier. Some councillors, such as Karen Stintz, have continued to oppose the contract on procedural grounds. Stintz has said, "it's not about Bombardier. It's about a process we didn't follow", noting that other city departments require competitive bids on contracts of this size. The TTC unanimously endorsed purchase of the subway cars on August 30, 2006.After the vote, Moscoe told reporters, "We got a fair deal. We got a good deal. And we've got a first-class set of subway cars. [...] I have no apologies to make". The purchase was subsequently approved by council in late September 2006, by a vote of 25 to 18. Late 2006
Moscoe announced in late October 2006 that the TTC was considering the installment of electronic signs, to show bus and streetcar riders how long they would have to wait for the next vehicle. The following month, he announced that the TTC would introduce new tokens to combat counterfeiting.He has also proposed shifting Toronto to an automatic train system to increase service capacity, and introducing a station master at each stop to handle upgrades and customer complaints. One day after the 2006 municipal election, the federal government of Stephen Harper announced that it would provide the TTC with $1.4 million for anti-terrorism measures. Moscoe described the announcement as a "slap in the face", far below the $35 million the TTC had requested for security upgrades. He declined to participate in a photo opportunity with federal officials, and asked the Harper government to reconsider its proposal. Moscoe has also rejected the Conservative government's suggestion that Toronto consider public-private partnerships for transit services, saying "In transit we call them public-pirate partnerships. All the experience has been bad." In a surprise move, Moscoe declined to seek renomination as TTC chair after the 2006 election.He is currently seeking appointment to the Greater Toronto Transit Authority, a new regional body. "A bumpy ride", Toronto Star, December 7, 2006, R4. Taxis
Moscoe has long promoted safety concerns in the taxi industry, and has often championed the interests of taxi drivers against perceived exploitation from owners. He himself trained as a cab driver in 1990, in an effort to learn more about the industry. He once described taxi drivers as "the most vulnerable people in town" due to threats from belligerent passengers, and called for a Metro taskforce on driver safety after attending the funeral service of a cab driver killed by a customer in 1998. He later encouraged the installment of cameras in taxi cabs. The council adopted his suggestion and mandated security cameras in taxi cabs.As a result, the crime rate against cab drivers dropped by 70%. Moscoe supported a pioneering unionization effort for Toronto cab drivers in 1993. He later spoke out against abuses in Toronto's taxi licensing system, drawing attention to cases in which wealthy owners purchased plates that were rented to drivers at exorbitant rates. In 1998, he collaborated with Denzil Minnan-Wong to pass reform legislation granting "Ambassador" plates for licence holders who drive their own cars. Moscoe defended a taxi fare increase in 2003, arguing that it was first such increase in seven years and was necessary to cover rising insurance and gas prices. In 2005, he argued that drivers deserved a further fifty-cent increase per ride to cope with soaring fuel costs. He has supported a motion to have all Toronto cabs painted the same colour, arguing that this measure will help crack down on illegal drivers.Following the murder of a taxi driver by a passenger, Moscoe commented that drivers "live a very dangerous existence", adding "I would venture to say their job is more dangerous than a police officer". According to a Toronto Star report, some members of the police force found this comment offensive. His 2006 appointment as chair of the Licensing and Standards Committee gives Moscoe direct authority over the city's taxi industry. He has acknowledged that owners and brokers disapprove of some of his ideas, but says that most drivers support him. Police
Moscoe has often called for reforms in the Toronto Police Service, particularly as regards the force's relations with racial minority groups. Following the 1990 shooting of a black teenager by Toronto police, he introduced a motion at the Federation of Canadian Municipalities calling for police officers to be trained with "the information they need to deal sensitively with racial and ethnic minorities". He was a founding member of Metro Toronto's Council Action Committee to Combat Racism but resigned in January 1991, saying that it had rendered itself ineffectual by declining to make police issues a priority.Metro Chairman Alan Tonks, who established the committee, argued that an emphasis on police issues would duplicate the work of the Metro Police Commission and reduce police morale. Moscoe sought an appointment to the Police Commission in late 1990, but withdrew his name after failing to win Tonks's support. Moscoe criticized the tactics of the Toronto Police Association during Craig Bromell's tenure as union leader. In 1999, he argued that TTC advertisements by the union portrayed Hispanics as criminals. Bromell said that the ads were not meant to be offensive. The next year, Moscoe accused Bromell of having "crossed the line" by hiring private investigators to probe city councillors critical of the police force. Moscoe had his own office swept for bugs as a precautionary measure.Some councillors, including Tom Jakobek, derided this as a publicity stunt. Moscoe described a 2004 proposal for police helicopters as "pure testosterone", and sarcastically suggested that the helicopters should be equipped with Sidewinder missiles to ensure maximum effectiveness. He said during a council debate, "Do we need a helicopter to track down drug dealers in Parkdale? It's tough to land a helicopter on a doughnut shop." Rival councillor Rob Ford said that Moscoe's comments were insulting to the police force. Some current and former members of the Toronto police, including Julian Fantino, have criticized Moscoe's approach to police affairs. Taxation
Moscoe played a significant role in Metro Council's deliberations over market value tax reform in late 1992, working with three Progressive Conservative councillors to broker a last-minute compromise on the issue.Under the proposed plan, businesses and factories that paid rates below the market level would have had their rate increases capped at 25% over three years, while tenants and homeowners would have had increases capped at 10% over three years. Those paying more than the market rate would also have had their reductions capped. The compromise won the support of council, despite opposition from councillors representing wards in downtown Toronto. The provincial government later rejected the proposal. Moscoe supported a similar five-year phase-in plan in 1998, which was accepted. Trivia
 <mask> has dabbled in the visual arts. His sculpted wooden birds were featured at the 1990 Cabby Art Festival in Toronto.He later created a "pop art haven" of tacky orange furniture in his council office, to the chagrin of other councillors. Moscoe has weighed in excess of 300 pounds at different times in his career, and was nicknamed "Hungry <mask>" by the Toronto media in the 1990s. He took steps to control his weight in 1991 after being told that he had diabetes. By June 1992, he had dropped to 285 pounds. As of late 2005, he weighed 275 pounds. When the restoration of capital punishment was discussed at a 1979 meeting of the Federation of Canadian Municipalities, Moscoe introduced a facetious motion calling for the restoration of torture. He later clarified to reporters that he intended his proposal as a parody of the original motion, and said that he opposed both torture and the death penalty as irrational acts.He expressed concern that some constituents took his motion seriously, and approved of it. He organized a sarcastic "Howard Moscoe Re-Election Money Grub Banquet" to raise funds for his re-election bid in 2000. Table of offices held

Electoral record

Municipal politics

Electors could vote for two candidates. The percentages are determined in relation to the total number of votes. Results taken from the Toronto Star, November 13, 1991. The final official results were not significantly different. Results taken from The Globe and Mail, November 14, 1985.Electors could vote for four candidates. The percentages are determined in relation to the total number of votes. The final official results were not significantly different. Results taken from The Globe and Mail, November 9, 1982. The final results confirmed <mask>'s victory. Results taken from the Toronto Star, November 11, 1980. The final results were not significantly different.Results taken from the Toronto Star, November 14, 1978. The final results confirmed <mask>'s victory. Results taken from the Toronto Star'', December 3, 1974. Electors could vote for two candidates. The percentages are determined in relation to the total number of votes. There may be a transcription error in the result for Carl Anderson (the last two numbers were partly obscured). The final official results were not significantly different.All municipal election information is from the City of Toronto, unless otherwise noted. Provincial politics

All provincial election information is from Elections Ontario. Honours

A small street in North York at York University Keele Campus leading to the new Pioneer Village subway station will be named Howard Moscoe Way'''. Footnotes

External links

 Former City Councillor

1939 births
Jewish Canadian politicians
Living people
Metropolitan Toronto councillors
Toronto city councillors
Chairs of the Toronto Transit Commission
Canadian people of Polish-Jewish

masks:
Howard Mosco
Moscoe
Howard
Moscoe
Moscoe


title: Mark Mendelblatt

texts:
<mask> (born February 19, 1973) is an American yachtsman. Married to windsurfer <mask> (née Borges), he primarily sails the Laser radial, a one-design class of small ( long, and ) single-handed sailing dinghy. Beginning in 2005, he also started to race in the two-person keelboat Star class. At age 11, he won the International Optimist Dinghy National Sailing Championships, and at age 18, he won the Laser II World Championships. A three-time college All-American at Tufts University, he won a silver medal in the Laser at the 1999 Pan American Games. In 2004, he won a silver medal at the Laser World Championships. Early and personal life
Mendelblatt, who is Jewish, was born in St. Petersburg, Florida.His father, Frank, and his brother, David (also a sailor), are ophthalmologists. His mother, Kathy, supervises their practice. He attended St. Petersburg High School, helping its sailing team win four consecutive national titles, and graduated in 1991. He resides in St. Petersburg, and is a securities broker. Sailing career

Early years
Mendelblatt began taking classes at the St. Petersburg Sailing Center at age 6, and started sailing competitively at age 10. In 1984, at age 11, he was the overall winner at the International Optimist Dinghy National Sailing Championships in Maryland, and also won the North American title. In 1985, he was part of a five-person U.S. Optimist Dinghy team, along with his brother David, that took third place in the 25th International Optimist World Championships in team racing in Finland.It was the best U.S. finish ever in dinghy racing. He also came in second in the Optimist Pram National Championship, behind his brother David. In 1989, at the age of 16, he teamed with his 19-year-old brother David to outrace 21 other entries and win the Laser II North American Championships in Maryland. In 1991, at the age of 18, he won the Laser II World Championships in England, competing against more than 180 adult competitors. 1991–95; College
In college, he was a three-time All-American in sailing (1992–94), and was named winner of the Clarence "Pop" Houston Award as Tufts University Athlete of the Year in both 1993 and 1994. In 1993, he won the collegiate National Single-Handed Championship in Seattle, the New England Singlehanded Championship, and the New England Sloop Championship. In 1995 he won the Laser National Championships.He graduated Tufts in 1995, with a degree in Psychology. 1999–2004; Pan Am Games, World Championships, and Olympics

Mendelblatt earned a silver medal in the Laser at the 1999 Pan American Games on Lake Winnipeg, behind Brazil's Robert Scheidt and ahead of Diego Romero of Argentina. That year he also won the Laser North American title, and the US Olympic Sailing Committee recognized him as Athlete of the Year. In 2000, he came in 2nd out of 32 boats at the Laser Olympic Team Trials. The next year he won the 2001 Laser North American Championships. From 2000–03, he was the "traveler" (working the control that moves the boom) aboard OneWorld Challenge, an America's Cup yacht that competed in the 2003 Louis Vuitton Cup. He won the 2003 Rolex Miami Olympic Class Regatta, the Laser Pacific Coast Championships in Oregon on the Columbia River (coming in first out of 33 boats), and the Laser Gulf Coast Championships in Texas (coming in first out of 56 boats), and was named US Sailing's 2003 United States Olympic Committee Male Athlete of the Year.In 2003, Mendelblatt finished 6th in the Laser World Championships in Spain, out of 171 boats. For the year, he was ranked # 1 among US Laser sailors. Tim Landt, president of the International Laser Class Association, said Mendelblatt was "the total package", opining that:  "He's got the perfect structure (6 feet 2, 180 pounds). He's got extremely muscular legs, and he's very lean and very tenacious, like Lance Armstrong." In 2004, he was fourth out of 96 boats at the Laser European Championship, sixth out of 58 Lasers at the Princess Sofia competition in Spain, and twelfth out of 159 Lasers at Hyeres Week in France. In May 2004, he won a silver medal at the Laser World Championships in Turkey, coming in 2nd out of 145 boats, behind Brazil's Scheidt. He competed in the 2004 Olympics in Laser (Mixed One-Person Dinghy) in Athens, and placed eighth.US Sailing named him Athlete of the Year for the second time. 2005–present

In March 2005, he was ranked 4th in the world in the Laser, behind Scheidt, Paul Goodison of Great Britain, and Michael Blackburn of Australia. That month, he also won the two-person racing keelboat Star class 78th Bacardi Cup on Biscayne Bay, with <mask> as crew. In June 2006, Mendelblatt and Strube won the 2006 Kiel Week in Germany, beating Scheidt and crewman Bruno Prada. In August 2006, he and Strube won the Star European Championship over 93 boats in Neustadt, Germany, again defeating second-place finishers Scheidt and Prada. Mendelblatt accepted a position in the fall of 2006 with Emirates Team New Zealand, and in April 2007 replaced injured veteran Adam Beashel. Mendelblatt and Strube won Kiel Week again in both 2008 and 2009.In 2010, <mask> won the Miami Rolex OCR. In June 2011, he and Brian Fatih won the Star class medal race at the Skandia Sail for Gold Regatta in Dorset, England. <mask> and Fatih competed together at the 2012 Summer Olympics. See also
 List of select Jews in sailing

References

External links

Living people
1973 births
American male sailors (sport)
Olympic sailors of the United States
Sailors at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Laser
Sailors at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Star
Pan American Games silver medalists for the United States
Sailors at the 1999 Pan American Games
St. Petersburg High School alumni
Tufts Jumbos sailors
Jewish American sportspeople
Sportspeople from St. Petersburg, Florida
Pan American Games medalists in sailing
Team New Zealand sailors
2003 America's Cup sailors
World champions in sailing for the United States
Laser II class world champions
Medalists at the 1999 Pan American Games
21st-century American Jews

masks:
Mark Mendelblatt
Carolina Mendelblatt
Mark Strube
Mendelblatt
Mendelblatt


title: Steve Bould

texts:
<mask> (born 16 November 1962) is an English football coach and former professional footballer. As a player, he was a defender from 1980 until 2000. <mask> began his football career with his hometown club Stoke City where he gained a reputation as an impressive young defender. After spending seven seasons with the Potters, and becoming one of English football's most coveted centre backs, he moved to Arsenal in 1988. At Highbury he formed a formidable back line with Tony Adams, Nigel Winterburn and his former Stoke teammate Lee Dixon and ended up with nine major honours to his name. He left the Gunners in 1999 and ended his playing career with Sunderland. Since his playing career has ended <mask> has worked at the successful Arsenal Academy as Head Youth Team Coach at Arsenal.He was promoted to Assistant Manager at the start of the 2012–13 season replacing the long serving Pat Rice. He later had a spells as head coach of U23s side. Club career

Stoke City
Born in Stoke-on-Trent, <mask> signed for his hometown club Stoke City as a schoolboy in 1978, turning professional in November 1980. He made his debut at right back in a 3–2 defeat away to Middlesbrough in September 1981. However, he was unable to command a regular place in the team, and was loaned out to Torquay United in October 1982 to gain first team experience, playing nine league games for Bruce Rioch's side. <mask> slowly became a regular in the Stoke side after Mick Mills switched him to centre back to replace Paul Dyson. It proved to be a shrewd move as he excelled in his new position and became a first team regular for the "Potters".A back injury that required surgery cost him appearances in 1986–87 and arguably Stoke a play-off place. By the end of the 1987–88 season it was generally acknowledged that <mask> was now the best defender in Division Two. Both Arsenal and Everton made approaches for the defender. After discussions <mask> chose Arsenal and a tribunal set the price at £390,000, a small fee compared to what Stoke were demanding. Arsenal
He moved to Arsenal for a fee of £390,000 on 13 June 1988, and became part of their "famous back four" defensive line-up, with Tony Adams, Nigel Winterburn and his former Stoke teammate Lee Dixon. <mask> won the First Division title twice in 1988–89 and 1990–91, playing in the club's famous 2–0 victory against Liverpool at Anfield where they won the title in the last minute of the last game of the season. He was voted player of the year by the club's fans for the 1991–92 season, though it was a less successful season for the club as defending champions, managing only a fourth-place finish in the league and suffering an early exit from the European Cup, as well as a shock first hurdle exit from the FA Cup at the hands of minnows Wrexham.On 15 August 1992, he had the distinction of being the scorer of Arsenal's first Premier League goal on the opening day of the season at Highbury, breaking the deadlock in the 28th minute although Arsenal went on lose the match 4–2 to Norwich City. However, injury ruled him out of the FA Cup and League Cup finals that Arsenal won in 1992–93, and his place in the team was taken by Andy Linighan who scored Arsenal's winning goal in the FA Cup final replay against Sheffield Wednesday. After winning the Cup Winners' Cup final in 1993–94, further success eluded Arsenal and <mask> for several years, and the arrival of French manager Arsène Wenger in October 1996 led some to speculate the ageing <mask> would leave the club (especially as he was now often second-choice behind Martin Keown); instead it spurred a brief revival, and <mask> became an important member of the squad that won the double in 1997–98. He famously set up Tony Adams with a chipped throughball for the final goal in Arsenal's 4–0 win over Everton, the match that won them the Premier League title. Two weeks later they won the FA Cup to complete the double. His final season at Highbury was a disappointing one. Arsenal reached the FA Cup semi finals where they drew with Manchester United to force a replay.With the score at 1–1 in the final minute of the game, Arsenal were awarded a penalty. Peter Schmeichel saved from Dennis Bergkamp and a winner from Ryan Giggs in extra time ended Arsenal's defence of the trophy. A month later they were beaten to the Premier League by Manchester United. Sunderland
By now age was against <mask> and he moved to newly promoted Sunderland in July 1999 for a fee of £500,000. Following the departure of skipper Kevin Ball in December 1999, manager Peter Reid made him club captain and he helped them finish seventh – just missing out on a UEFA Cup place. He stayed at the Stadium of Light until arthritis contributed to his retirement in September 2000 having played only 21 Premier League games for Sunderland. International career
Despite forming part of one of the most secure top-flight defences of the late 1980s and early to mid-1990s, <mask> won only two caps for England, far fewer than fellow centre half Tony Adams, and didn't make his first full international appearance until the age of 31.Both caps came under Terry Venables in Wembley friendlies against Greece (5–0) and Norway (0–0) at the end of the 1993–94 season. Coaching career

After retiring, he began working towards his UEFA coaching badges and in June 2001 moved back to Arsenal and became a coach for the youth teams. He was the head coach of Arsenal's U18 Academy side, whom he led to the Premier Academy League title in 2008–2009, 2009–2010 and FA Youth Cup in 2008–2009. On 10 May 2012, it was announced that <mask> would become Arsenal's new assistant manager following the retirement of Pat Rice at the end of the season. On 5 June 2019, <mask> swapped jobs with Freddie Ljungberg to become the U23s coach in a major restructuring of Arsenal's coaching staff. In May 2021, he was sacked from his role as a coach of the U23 team. Career statistics

Club
Source:

A.The "Other" column constitutes appearances and goals in the FA Community Shield, UEFA Champions League, UEFA Super Cup & Full Members Cup. International
Source:

Honours
Arsenal
Football League First Division: 1988–89, 1990–91
Premier League: 1997–98
FA Cup: 1992–93, 1997–98
Football League Cup: 1992–93
FA Charity Shield: 1991 (Shared), 1998
European Cup Winners Cup: 1993–94

References

External links

Statistics at soccerbase.com
arsenal.com profile

1962 births
Living people
Arsenal F.C. players
English footballers
England international footballers
England B international footballers
Association football central defenders
Stoke City F.C. players
Sunderland A.F.C. players
Torquay United F.C. players
Footballers from Stoke-on-Trent
Arsenal F.C. non-playing staff
Premier League players
English Football League players

masks:
Stephen Andrew Bould
Bould
Bould
Bould
Bould
Bould
Bould
Bould
Bould
Bould
Bould
Bould
Bould
Steve Bould
Steve Bould


title: Tommy Bishop

texts:
<mask> (born 15 October 1940) is an English former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1960s and 1970s, and coached in the 1970s and 1980s. He played for Blackpool Borough, Barrow and St Helens in the English Championship, and the Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks in the New South Wales Rugby League competition in Australia. He also represented Great Britain on several occasions during his career, captaining them on two occasions, his position of choice was as a . Now long retired from competitive rugby league, <mask> now resides at Redcliffe, Queensland, Australia. <mask> was born in St Helens, Lancashire, England. Career

Up to 1969
<mask> started his professional rugby league playing career at Blackpool Borough where he became club captain, and Player of the Year before being transferred to Barrow, and then onto St. Helens, where he played from the January of the 1965–66 season until the end of the 1968–69 season. Championship Final appearances
<mask> played  in St. Helens' 35–12 victory over Halifax in the Championship Final during the 1965–66 season at Station Road, Swinton on Saturday 28 May 1966, in front of a crowd of 30,165.Challenge Cup Final appearances
<mask> played  and scored a try in St. Helens' 21–2 victory over Wigan in the 1965–66 Challenge Cup Final during the 1965–66 season at Wembley Stadium, London on Saturday 21 May 1966, in front of a crowd of 98,536. County Cup Final appearances
<mask> played  in St. Helens' 2–2 draw with Warrington in the 1967–68 Lancashire County Cup Final during the 1967–68 season at Central Park, Wigan on Saturday 7 October 1967, played  in the 13–10 victory over Warrington in the 1967–68 Lancashire County Cup Final replay during the 1967–68 season at Station Road, Swinton on Saturday 2 December 1967, and played , and scored a try in the 30–2 victory over Oldham in the 1968–69 Lancashire County Cup Final during the 1968–69 season at Central Park, Wigan on Friday 25 October 1968. BBC2 Floodlit Trophy Final appearances
<mask> played  in St. Helens' 4–7 defeat by Wigan in the BBC2 Floodlit Trophy Final during the 1968–69 season at Central Park, Wigan on Tuesday 17 December 1968. Cronulla
<mask> was brought in by the Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks for the next few seasons (1969-73). In that era it was fairly normal for Australian clubs to bring in British internationals. Upon Cronulla coach Ken Kearney leaving in the 1970 season, <mask> was offered and accepted the role of player-coach for his remaining time at the Sharks. <mask>'s first match as coach in 1970 provided a 23–13 win over the Newtown Jets at Endeavour, but the club lost their next seven consecutive matches.Then out of the blue, came one of the greatest wins in the club's history. The Sharks thrashed the premiership bound South Sydney Rabbitohs 25–6 with a style of open football that was soon to become the club's famous trademark. In 1971 <mask> helped the Cronulla Sharks secure Great Britain power front rower Cliff Watson, and the club had their best season in of their history, winning a total of ten matches. Cronulla finished the season one win from the play-offs and that result most likely would have been even better, had it not been for <mask> succumbing to injury snapping his achilles tendon. This meant <mask> would not return to playing for the Sharks until the first match of the 1973 season. In the 1972 season Cronulla won eight of 22 games and languished in the lower half of the table, which just shows how much of a key <mask> was to their side. The year 1973 saw <mask>'s Cronulla Sharks make the end of season play-offs for the first time in the club's history and they did it in style.The Sharks lost only five games in the whole home-and-away season and finished just one point behind eventual Minor Premiers Manly, and ahead of local rivals St George. Cronulla being drawn against the Dragons defeated them surprisingly comfortably 18–0 in their first ever semi-final with the help of <mask>, Watson and Rogers. <mask>'s Sharks lost to Manly leaving them having to achieve a win over Jack Gibson's Newtown to achieve the club's first Grand Final appearance. Cronulla established a crushing 18–4 half time lead over the Jets, before eventually winning 20–11. The Sharks were into the Grand Final in their first visit to the play-offs. Coach <mask> though knew that the Cronulla side's only real hope of beating the defending Premiers Manly was for his team of youthful players to niggle and unsettle the glamour Sea Eagles. Utilising the skills of Cliff Watson to lead the way, the 1973 Grand Final was the most brutal ever seen as the Sharks threw everything at Manly.In the end, it was a champion performance by Bobby Fulton that saw the Sea Eagles home 10–7. This result was disappointing for <mask> but his name had been etched into Sharks history from the day. In 2005 <mask> was made an immortal of the Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks. Latter years
After the 1973 season, <mask> was embroiled in a contractual dispute with the financially crippled Sharks, and he moved to captain-coach Northern Suburbs in the Brisbane competition. In the 1974 season the Devils were minor premiers but lost the major semi-final to Valleys and the preliminary final to Brothers. In 1975 the Devils finished second after the home-and away season but again failed in the finals, losing the major semi to Western Suburbs and the preliminary to Redcliffe. In 1976, Norths fell to last and <mask> was replaced by former “master coach” Bob Bax.Non-playing coach
For the 1978 season, <mask> was appointed coach of Illawarra in the New South Wales Country Championships, which was contested between the various leagues of the Country Rugby League. After he coached Illawarra to an undefeated record and the Amco Cup quarter-finals, <mask> received offers to coach Parramatta, North Sydney as well as to continue with his job in the Country Championships. <mask> soon declined the offer to coach Parramatta because he did not accept the degree of control he expected to gain over the team, and on 13 July accepted a contract to coach the Bears for the next three seasons. At the time the Bears had not reached the finals since 1965, but it was thought <mask>'s experience in England might help bring the players to make the club competitive after having won only one game in the 1978 season when he was appointed and lacking the wealth to compete for the best players. <mask>'s move to North Sydney proved a disaster from the beginning when they lost all five pre-season encounters including a 13–17 loss to a Port Kembla team. Early in the season it was clear he was not lifting the team despite persevering with players he had hoped to build into a formidable combination before the pre-season started. For the entire 1979 season the Bears won just two games for their worst record since 1919.On 9 August, with three games remaining, <mask> resigned as coach of the Bears. After the season he said that they were not terrible rugby league players but that they had forgotten how to win. Initially after leaving the Bears it was though <mask> would not coach in 1980, but after the resignation of Norm Provan, <mask> was appointed as non-playing coach of his former club Cronulla in September 1979. The Sharks had finished in the top three in 1978 and 1979, but <mask>'s return proved another personal disaster as his Shark team finished ninth in a twelve-team competition after a strong start. Despite this, <mask> was initially re-appointed for the 1981 season, but when he refused to talk to the club after the season finished the club announced they would severe ties with him. <mask>, who had established himself in Australia ever since he joined Cronulla as a player, returned to England after this double setback and coached several British rugby league teams between 1980 and 1985. Career playing statistics

Point scoring summary

Matches played

References

External links
!Great Britain Statistics at englandrl.co.uk (statistics currently missing due to not having appeared for both Great Britain, and England)
<mask> Photo Gallery
(archived by web.archive.org) Profile at eraofthebiff.com
Profile at saints.org.uk

1940 births
Living people
Barrow Raiders coaches
Barrow Raiders players
Blackpool Borough players
Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks coaches
Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks players
English rugby league coaches
English rugby league players
Great Britain national rugby league team players
Leigh Centurions coaches
Norths Devils coaches
Rugby league halfbacks
Rugby league players from St Helens, Merseyside
St Helens R.F.C.players
Workington Town coaches

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Tommy Bishop


title: Saundarya Rajesh

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Dr <mask>  is a social entrepreneur who is the Founder and President of Avtar. Accredited as the originator of the concept of Second Career opportunities for women in Corporate India, Dr <mask> is an advisor for several companies on Inclusion and Diversity. She has been recognised as a “#100Women Achiever" by India’s Ministry of Women and Child Development as also listed in the United Nation’s "Women Transforming India" Her debut book, The 99 Day Diversity Challenge: Creating an Inclusive Workplace was launched in 2018 in Chennai. Biography
Born to homemaker Shantha Chandrasekar and pharmaceutical entrepreneur M.S. Chandrasekar in Bangalore, India, on 26 August 1968, Dr <mask> completed her schooling at St. Joseph of Cluny, after the family shifted to Pondicherry. Dr <mask> became an entrepreneur in 2000, establishing her first venture Avtar Career Creators in 2000
 Currently relaunched as Bruhat Insights Global, the recruitment firm powered by AI (Artificial Intelligence) provides hiring solutions across India. In 2000 Dr <mask> founded Avtar Human Capital Trust and in 2011 founded Flexi Careers India.Career

Dr <mask> began her career with Citibank in 1990. She took a break from her career on becoming a mother. She later worked as a producer and compere for All India Radio and Doordarshan between the years 1992 - 95, following which, she held the responsibility of a part-time lecturer at MOP Vaishnav College for Women between 1996 - 2003. Dr <mask> became an entrepreneur in 2000, establishing her first venture Avtar Career Creators in 2000. Currently relaunched as Bruhat Insights Global, the recruitment firm powered by AI (Artificial Intelligence) provides hiring solutions across India. In 2000, Dr <mask> founded Avtar Human Capital Trust and in 2011 founded Flexi Careers India. Founder
Bruhat Insights Global

Formerly known as Avtar Career Creators, Bruhat Insights Global was relaunched as an entity of Avtar in 2018.It is an AIHR (Artificial Intelligence in Human Resources) company, with predictive and prescriptive analytics for hiring solutions. Flexi Careers India

Established in December 2011, Flexi Careers India focuses on women’s workforce participation. Through research focusing on women on career breaks, Flexi launched the Segue Sessions, a large-format skill-building initiative for women. Flexi has enabled career opportunities to over 40000 women and trained over 35000 women in attitudinal skills relevant for careers. Avtar Women

Started in December 2005, Avtar Women was earlier known as Avtar I-Win (Avtar Indian Women professionals Interface Network). Avtar Women provides career guidance and service to women professionals who are working or are on breaks. The network which originally launched with 200 women is now 350000 strong.Avtar Human Capital Trust

Founded in 2008, Avtar Human Capital Trust (AHCT) is a not-for-profit organization working towards economic empowerment of women. Under the flagship of AHCT, a developmental initiative called Project Puthri was launched, which aims to create Career Intentionality among underprivileged girl students between the age group 13 to 18. It reaches out to over 10,000 young girls (Puthri Scholars) through a three-pronged approach of Mentoring, Role Model and Career Coach. Another initiative of AHCT, MITR (Men Impacting Trust & Respect), educates and empowers young, adolescent male population to become "Gender Champions". Awards and recognition
 2019: Winds of Change Award in the individual category conferred by The Forum on Workplace Inclusion, University of St. Thomas, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. Dr <mask> is the first International Awardee to receive this accolade. first Indian to be conferred with the Prestigious "Winds of Change"
 2019: One among the 35 Global leaders featured in the Changemakers: 35 visions of global leadership photography exhibition in London.– Dr.<mask> <mask> was presented the prestigious Chevening Certificate
 2019: WebWonderWomen Award by Ministry of Women and Child Development in collaboration with Twitter India and Breakthrough India for using the power of social media to run positive campaign to steer a change in the society on the International Women’s Day (9 March).2019: Chennai Carnatic Women Empowerment Award by Rotary Club of Chennai Carnatic. 2019: Golden Aviator Award by Aspire Systems for contribution towards Women Development. 2018: SRM CURE (Cross-Skilling, Up-skilling, Re-Skilling, Empowerment) Award for work in the category of Empowerment. 2018: Asia’s most Innovative Diversity & Inclusive Leaders Award by the Asia Pacific HRM Congress. 2017: Change Maker Award by Accenture on the International Women’s Day for leading Indian women stay intentional about their careers. 2016: Listed in the Top 25 Women Transforming India, by NiTi Aayog. 2016: The Jeppiaar Icon Award.2015: One among the #100 Women Achievers of India, an initiative by the Ministry of Women and Child Development, Government of India. 2014: Naturals Extraordinary Woman on the International Women’s Day. 2012: FICCI FLO Woman Entrepreneur of the year award for building and creating India’s first women’s careers service. 2011: TiE Stree Shakti, entrepreneur of the year award. 2011: The CavinKare ChinniKrishnan Innovation Award for creating career opportunities for women on career break in India Inc.
 2007: The Yuvashakthi Woman Entrepreneur Award. 2006: The Standard Chartered SCOPE Woman Exemplar Award. Association(s) and Acclaim(s)

Working Mother and Avtar Best Companies for Women in India Study
In 2016, Avtar led by Dr <mask> partnered with Working Mother Media Group (a gender parity champion in the U.S.) in bringing the latter's three decade old "Best Companies for Women study" to India.Companies from across industries and geographies, of varying employee strengths, participated in the study. The study completed four editions of naming Top 10 & 100 Best Companies for Women in India in 2016, 2017, 2018, and 2019. The 2019 Top 10 Best Companies and 100 Best Companies were honoured at an award ceremony in Chennai. 2017, 2018 and 2019. Career Intentionality and Career Re-entry
Dr <mask> introduced the concept of Career Intentionality and Career Re-entry to Corporate India. Born as the result of research led by Dr <mask>, Intentional Career Pathing refers to planned career pathing, especially by women, to counter unplanned attrition or off-ramping from the workplace. TEDx Talk
Dr <mask> did a TEDx talk organized at JIPMER in 2019.She spoke on the topic of Second Careers for Women – Re-innervating an important resource, in which she emphasizes the importance of women’s participation in the Indian workforce through a series of anecdotes and research. Keynote Speaker
 Future of Women Conference at Colombo, Sri Lanka on 'Bridging the Gender Divide: Innovate to Include' (2019). World AI Show, Dubai on 'Artificial Intelligence in HR' (2019). Top Women Conference, Johannesburg, South Africa on 'The Secret for empowering change through social entrepreneurship' (2019). Multicultural Women’s Conference, New York, 'Global Spotlight: 100 Best Companies for Women in India' (2018). Special address at the Society for Diversity, Chicago on 'Gender Inclusion' (2018). Multicultural Women’s Conference, New York, on 'Recruiting, Retaining and Raising Multicultural Women - The India Story' (2017).Publication(s) and Research work(s)
Dr <mask>’s debut book, The 99 Day Diversity Challenge: Creating an Inclusive Workplace was launched in 2018 in Chennai. The 99DDC, published by Sage, has been designed to develop diversity and inclusion mindset in any organization or even individual within the proverbial 99 days. The book demystifies D&I through stories, anecdotes, puzzles and games, word games and a Lexicon of terms used in the D&I space. Her other academic works include:

 With Umasanker Kandaswamy, The know or the no: The emerging impact of AI in HR (2019). With Anju Rakesh and Dr Divya Kumar, An empirical investigation into the role of mentor competence in the development of career intentionality among the underprivileged girls in India (2019). With Karthik Ekambaram, Anju Rakesh, and Dr Divya Kumar, Gender Inclusion in an Indian VUCA World (2019). With Karthik Ekambaram, Anju Rakesh, and Dr Divya Kumar, Gender Sensitization of Adolescent Boys and its Linkage to the Creation of Positive Male Role Models (2019).Being Human in the Age of AI: Can we draw a line? (2018). With Umasanker Kandaswamy and Anju Rakesh, The impact of Artificial Intelligence in Talent Acquisition Lifecycle of organizations: A Global Perspective (2018). With Anju Rakesh and Dr Divya Kumar, Managing millennial talent in diverse organizations in corporate India (2018). With Anju Rakesh, Career Intentionality Models Leading to Sustained Socio-Economic Development among Underprivileged Girls (2017). With Anju Rakesh, Influencing Adolescent Girls from underprivileged backgrounds to become career intentional: The Case for India (2017). With Karthik Ekambaram and Anju Rakesh, Millennials in Corporate India: An analysis of the gender variance in their approach towards work (2017).With Karthik Ekambaram and Anju Rakesh, Are men more intentional about their careers than women? An exploration of the career trajectories of Indian Professionals (2015). With Karthik Ekambaram, Generational Diversity in the Indian Workforce: An Exploratory Study (2014). With Karthik Ekambaram and Anju Rakesh, Indian Women Professionals and their Financial Independence: A Socio Economic Study (2014). With Karthik Ekambaram and Anju Rakesh, Financial Literacy of Indian Women Professionals: A Socio Economic Study (2014). With Karthik Ekambaram and Anju Rakesh, Barriers to Flexible Working for Indian Women Professionals: A Cross Industry Study (2014). With Karthik Ekambaram and Anju Rakesh, Corporate Sector’s Role in the Enablement of Women Careers in India: An Empirical Study (2013).With Karthik Ekambaram and Anju Rakesh, A Study on Indian Men and Their Multidimensional Perceptions of Women Careers (2013). Second Career of Women Professionals in India: A Corporate Perspective (2013). Personal life
A resident of Chennai, Dr <mask> is married to V<mask>, a Retail marketing professional and her business school classmate. They have two children, Akshey <mask>, Shivangi <mask>. References

External links

1968 births
Businesswomen from Puducherry
Living people
Businesspeople from Puducherry
University of Madras alumni
Indian social entrepreneurs
Indian company founders
Indian women company founders

masks:
Saundarya Rajesh
Saundarya
Saundarya
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Saundarya
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Rajesh
Saundarya
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. Rajesh
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Rajesh