title: Otto of Nordheim

texts:
<mask> of Nordheim (c. 1020 – 11 January 1083) was Duke of Bavaria from 1061 until 1070. He was one of the leaders of the Saxon Rebellion in 1073-75 and the Great Saxon Revolt of 1077-88 against King Henry IV of Germany. Life

Family
<mask> was born about 1020, the son of Count Bernard of Nordheim (d. about 1040) and his wife Eilika. The rich and influential Saxon comital dynasty of Nordheim was first mentioned about 950, its descendance has not been conclusively established: there is possibly a relationship with the Immedinger family of legendary Duke Widukind, while according to the Magdeburg archbishop Eric of Brandenburg, <mask>'s grandfather Siegfried I of Nordheim was a son of Count Siegfried of Luxembourg. The Nordheim counts held large Saxon estates on the upper Leine and Werra rivers as well as on the Weser and its Diemel and Nethe tributaries and on the lower Elbe river. They also acted as Vogts (reeves) of the Corvey, Gandersheim, Helmarshausen, Bursfelde, and Amelungsborn. <mask> succeeded his father as count of Northeim about 1049, then one of the most influential Saxon nobles along with the Billung duke Bernard II and the Udonid counts of Stade.Role during the regency of Henry IV
After the death of the Salian emperor Henry III in 1056, his widow, Dowager Empress Agnes, appointed <mask> duke of Bavaria in 1061 in order to gain his support as the mother of, and regent for, the young king Henry IV. The following year (1062), however, when Agnes handed power to her confidant Bishop Henry II of Augsburg, Duke <mask> was among those princes who assisted Archbishop Anno II of Cologne in seizing control of Henry IV and the regency, in the so-called Coup of Kaiserswerth. <mask> took a prominent part in the government of the kingdom during Henry's minority. He led a successful expedition into Hungary in 1063 to reinstall King Solomon (betrothed to Henry's sister, Judith of Swabia), who had been driven out by his uncle Béla I. The next year <mask> went to Italy to settle a papal schism caused by the appointment of Antipope Honorius II. <mask> was also instrumental in securing the banishment from court of the overly powerful Archbishop Adalbert of Hamburg-Bremen. He crossed the Alps in the royal interests on two other occasions and in 1069 shared in two expeditions into the lands of the Polabian Slavs (Wends) east of Germany.Conflict with Henry IV

So far, <mask> was on good terms with the young king. However, he neglected his Bavarian duchy and instead added to his Saxon allodial possessions in the southern Harz range, which ultimately led into conflict with Henry IV, who aimed at the consolidation of his royal domains in this region. In 1070 dubious accusations were brought against him by one Egeno I of Konradsburg of being privy to a plot to murder the king, and it was decided <mask> should submit to trial by combat with his accuser at Goslar. Fearing for his safety, <mask> asked for a safe-conduct to and from the place of meeting. When this was refused he declined to appear and was consequently placed under the imperial ban and deprived of Bavaria, while his Saxon estates were plundered. He obtained no support in Bavaria, but raised an army among the Saxons and carried out a campaign of plunder against Henry until at Pentecost 1071, when he submitted. In the following year he was released from custody and received back his private estates, though not the Bavarian ducal title, which had been granted to his former son-in-law Welf I, the divorced husband of <mask>'s daughter Ethelinde.Rebellion
According to Bruno, author of De bello Saxonico (On the Saxon War), when the Saxon Rebellion broke out in summer 1073, <mask> delivered an inspiring speech to the assembled nobles at Wormsleben, after which he took command of the insurgents. By the Peace of Gerstungen on 2 February 1074, the Duchy of Bavaria was formally restored to him, which however met strong opposition by the local nobility, with the result that <mask>'s former son-in-law Welf I remained de facto Duke of Bavaria. He also participated in the second rising of 1075 following the demolition of Harzburg Castle. Defeated in the Battle of Langensalza on June 9, he surrendered and was again pardoned by King Henry who made him administrator of the Saxon duchy. When the Investiture Controversy between Henry IV and Pope Gregory VII culminated in the excommunication of the king in 1076, <mask> attempted to mediate between Henry and the Saxon nobles convened at Trebur, but when these efforts failed he again joined the insurgents. <mask> was not the leader of the Great Saxon Revolt, however. Once he was  assured that the duchy of Bavaria would be returned to him, <mask> accepted the election of Rudolf of Rheinfelden as antiking of Germany.Through his skill and bravery, <mask> still inflicted defeats on Henry's forces at the battles of Mellrichstadt, Flarchheim and Hohenmölsen. Death
<mask> remained in arms against the king until his death on 11 January 1083. He is buried in the Nicolai Chapel in Northeim. His personal estates in Saxony later passed to Lothair of Supplinburg, who about 1100 married <mask>'s granddaughter Richenza of Northeim. After Richenza, German queen from 1125 and Holy Roman Empress from 1133, died in 1141, the allodial lands were inherited by her daughter Gertrude and her husband, the Welf duke Henry the Proud. Character
<mask> is described as a noble, prudent and warlike man, and he possessed great abilities. His repeated pardons showed that Henry could not afford to neglect such a powerful personality, and his military talents were repeatedly displayed.Marriage and children
About 1055 <mask> married Richenza, formerly reckoned as a daughter of Duke <mask> II of Swabia, but probably a descendant of the Billung dynasty. The couple had four sons and three daughters. Henry the Fat (1055–1101), Margrave of Frisia (1055–1101)
 <mask>, Count of Nordheim
 Siegfried III (1050–1107), Count of Boyneburg
 Kuno (1050/60–1103), Count of Beichlingen
 Ida, married Count Thimo of Wettin, mother of Margrave Conrad of Meissen
 Ethelinde (born 1050/60, date of death unknown), married Duke Welf I of Bavaria in 1062, divorced 1070; secondly married Herman I, Count of Calvelage in 1070
 Matilda, married Count Konrad II of Werl-Arnsberg

Notes

References
H. von Hindte, '<mask> von Northeim,' Lexikon des Mittelalters, vol. 6 (1993), col. 1578. M. Black-Veldtrupp, Kaiserin Agnes (1043-1077) Quellenkritische Studien. Lampert of Hersfeld, Annales, in O. Holder-Egger, ed., Lamperti monachi Hersfeldensis Opera, MGH SS rer Germ 38 (Hanover, 1894), pp. 1–304, accessible online at: Monumenta Germaniae Historica (in Latin)
Annales Altahenses maiores (written c.1075), ed.W. Giesebrecht and E. L. B. von Oefele, MGH SS rer Germ 4 (Hannover, 1890, 2nd edition), accessible online at: Monumenta Germaniae Historica (in Latin). External links
<mask> of Northeim
<mask> von Northeim (in German)

1020s births
1083 deaths
11th-century dukes of Bavaria

masks:
Otto
Otto
Otto
Otto
Otto
Otto
Otto
Otto
Otto
Otto
Otto
Otto
Otto
Otto
Otto
Otto
Otto
Otto
Otto
Otto
Otto
Otto
Otto
Otto
Otto II
Otto
Otto
Otto


title: Tom Trusky

type: original

texts:
<mask> (14 March 1944 – 28 November 2009) was an American professor, writer, editor, film historian, and book artist. He was known for promoting poetry of the American West, recovering the films of Nell Shipman, and rediscovering and promoting the work of Idaho outsider artist James Castle. <mask> was a Professor of English at Boise State University (1970–2009) and Director of the Hemingway Western Studies Center (1991–2009). Early life and education
<mask> was born in Portland, Oregon, the oldest of four children. He attended high school in Newport, Oregon, then the University of Oregon (B.A. 1967) and Northwestern University (M.A. 1968).In 1969 he attended Trinity College as a Rotary International Fellow in the Anglo-Irish Literature Program. Career

Teaching
In 1970, Trusky began teaching at Boise State College (formerly Boise Junior College, now Boise State University). Trusky taught freshman composition, poetry writing, and book arts. He repudiated the role of imagination in poetry; one student remembers, "I was taking a poetry class and the first thing he said was, 'If anyone wants to write about unicorns, they should consider another class. Unicorns aren't real and shouldn't be read about in poetry," a claim which contradicts the long history of poets writing poems about things that "aren't real," such as Beowulf, The Epic of Gilgamesh, "Ozymandias," William Blake's The Book of Urizen, Milton's Paradise Lost, Rossetti's Goblin Market, Homer's The Odyssey, Keats' Endymion, Byron's Don Juan, and Anne Carson's Autobiography of Red. 'The Council for Advancement and Support of Education named Trusky Idaho's Professor of the Year in 1990, 1991, and 1993.

cold drill
In 1970, Trusky founded cold drill, an annual literary journal published loose-leaf in a box, rather than bound. Cold drill was intended, in Trusky's mind, to "destroy the elitist, old-girl, old-boy networks."With student editors, Trusky produced scratch-and-sniff poetry, paper crafted from Idaho native plants, and an 1985 "All Idaho" edition which featured graphics inspired by graphics on burlap potato sacks. cold drill entered and won first place awards from elite institutions, including the Associated Collegiate Press/National Scholastic Press Association, the Columbia Scholastic Press Association, and the Rocky Mountain Collegiate Press Association. Ahsahta Press
In 1974, <mask>, Orvis Burmaster, and Dale Boyer founded Ahsahta Press, which appropriated an indigenous word for bighorn sheep as its name. Under <mask>'s editorship, Ahsahta published or reprinted texts by Peggy Pond Church, Genevieve Taggard, H.L. Davis, Hazel Hall, Gwendolen Haste, Haniel Long, David Baker, Katharine Coles, Wyn Cooper, Gretel Ehrlich, Cynthia Hogue, and Linda Bierds. Trusky edited the anthology Women Poets of the West (1978). After Trusky's editorship and under the direction of Janet Holmes, the press' focus shifted from regional to national submissions, publishing poets such as Dan Beachy-Quick, Anne Boyer, Jonah Mixon-Webster, and Paige Ackerson-Kiely.Poetry in Public Places
In 1975, <mask> began publishing Poetry in Public Places (PiPP). Each year, nine poems by Boise State University students were printed on posters and distributed to schools, metro buses, and other public venues. Said Trusky: "My goal was to break the neck of rhymed poetry and slap sentimentality useless, and to bring diversity in all its senses: literary, social, political, philosophical, and nonsensical." Nell Shipman
After learning that she had shot films at her Lionhead Lodge studio on Northern Idaho's Priest Lake, Trusky began researching the work and life of Canadian born silent screen actor, screenwriter, and producer Nell Shipman, spending over twenty years attempting to promote Shipman's work and recover her extant films. Shipman films began in the former Soviet Union. Trusky recovered and restored Shipman's 1919 film Back to God's Country. Trusky published Shipman's autobiography The Silent Screen and My Talking Heart (1987) as well as Letters from God's Country (2003), a collection of Shipman's correspondence.Kay Armitage, professor of film studies at the University of Toronto and Shipman scholar, credits <mask> with bringing Shipman "back to life". Shipman's extant films are only available on DVD, though a few may be viewed online. James Castle
In 1993, <mask> became interested in the life and work of James Castle, a self-taught artist born in Garden Valley. Trusky authored and self-published James Castle: His Life & Art (2004), and contributed to the documentary film Dream House: The Art & Life of James Castle (2008). Hemingway Western Studies Center
In 1991 <mask> was named Director of Boise State University's Hemingway Western Studies Center and led a two-year effort that, in 1993, resulted in the Library of Congress designating the Hemingway Western Studies Center as the home of the Idaho Center for the Book (ICB) and in <mask>'s appointment as the ICB's director. Trusky published now out of print projects including Idaho by the Book (a literary map of Idaho) and an Idaho Authors card game. He mounted exhibits on topics ranging from pop singer Madonna to zines to "refrigerator art," and published books including Some Zines: American Alternative & Underground Magazines, Newsletters and APAs (1992) and Missing P ges: Idaho & the Book (1994).Book arts
A collector of artists' books, Trusky attended courses on book arts, including a sabbatical in New York City spent studying at Columbia University and the Center for Book Arts. Beginning in the 1990s, Trusky taught book arts courses at Boise State University. Former student Andrea Scott recalls that Trusky "promoted my graduate [M.A.] thesis, 'I'm Not Perfect Anyway.' The book combined my interviews and photography of women who had facial scars and how it affected them. <mask> saw my vision and said 'Go for it,' even though others thought the project was 'weird' and didn't fit the norm for a graduate thesis. Later, he secretly took my project to New York, where it appeared at an art gallery."Personal life
<mask> was married to Tara Burt. After their divorce, he later lived with partner Enver Sulejman. <mask> died on November 27, 2009. He willed his collection of artists' books, including by James Castle, to Boise State University.<ref>Woodward, Tim. "Eccentric Professor <mask> Wills Boise State University a Stunning Gift:
Frugal English Teacher Secretly Assembled an Art Collection Worth Hundreds of Thousands." Idaho Statesman." December 5, 2010.</ref>

Selected bibliography

Books, DVDs, etc.Dream House:  The Art & Life of James Castle. Idaho Center for the Book (DVD) September 2008. James Castle: His Life & Art. Boise: Idaho Center for the Book, 2nd rev. ed., 2008.
michael b.— A Finding. Boise: Painted Smiles Press, 2007. At Lionhead Lodge.[DVD]. Boise and Coeur d’Alene: Idaho Film Collection/Pretty Good Productions, 2007. James Castle. [Digital slide presentation]. Missoula Art Museum, 15 November 2006. PolygamyLand. Boise: Painted Smiles Press, 2006.James Castle & the Early Attic Mysteries. [Digital slide presentation]. Boise: 2005. Virtual Tour: Evelyn Sooter: Finding Art Everywhere [Digital slide presentation and Idaho Center for the Book web site]. Boise, 2005.Postcard from Albania. Boise: Painted Smiles Press, 2005.The Book of Everything (Western Edition). Boise:  [Painted Smiles Press], 2005.James Castle: His Life & Art.Boise: Idaho Center for the Book, 2004.Tortillas: A [Glow-in-the-Dark] Book of Miracles. Boise: Painted Smiles Press, 2002.Dreamhouse:  The Art & Life of James Castle. [Video documentary.] Boise:  Painted Smiles Press. Aired, Idaho Public Television, 28 January 2000.James Castle & the Book. Boise: Idaho Center for the Book, 1999. [And six Castle facsimile books.]James Castle Remembered: The Julia Poems. Boise: Painted Smiles, 1999.Some Zines 2: Alternative & Underground Artists' & Eccentric Magazines & Micropresses. Boise:  cold-drill books, 1996.Missing P ges: Idaho & the Book. Boise: Idaho Center for the Book, 1994.Guests. [Zines exhibition guestbook facsimile]. Boise: Hemingway Western Studies Center, 1993.Some Zines: American Alternative & Underground Magazines, Newsletters and APAs. Boise: cold drill books & Hemingway Western  Studies Center, 1992.Articles, booklets, maps
“To Burn A Book,” Idaho Librarian, 59, 2 (2009) 1-10. “Meats Royale,” Book Arts Newsletter (University of the West of England, Bristol), 51 (Aug-Sept 2009) 28-30. “Biblio Bullrushes, Biblio Briarpatch: The Search for Carl Maria Seyppel: An In-Progress Documentary in Ten Reels,” Bonefolder, 5, 2 (Spring 2009), 3–22.The New U Writings: Boise State University Publications Catalog. Boise

masks:
Anthony Thomas Trusky
Trusky
Trusky
Trusky
Trusky
Trusky
Trusky
Trusky
Trusky
Trusky
Tom
Trusky
Trusky
Tom Trusky


title: Stan Cross

texts:
<mask> (3 December 1888 – 16 June 1977) was born in the United States but was known as an Australian strip and political cartoonist who drew for Smith's Weekly and The Herald and Weekly Times. <mask> is famous for his iconic 1933 "For gorsake, stop laughing: this is serious!” cartoon as well as the Wally and the Major and The Potts cartoon strips. <mask> was the third son born to English-born parents, <mask>, builder and architect, and his wife Florence, née <mask>, who met in Brisbane, married in Sydney then sought their fortune in the United States. His father hoped to make money there but only found work as a carpenter (he became secretary of the American Carpenters' Union). <mask> was born on 3 December 1888 in Los Angeles, California. The family returned to Australia in 1892 when <mask> was four years old and settled in Perth, Western Australia. <mask> was a gifted student who attended Perth High School on a scholarship.The University of Adelaide offered him a scholarship but <mask> turned it down due to his father's ill-health. He left school at sixteen and joined the State Government Railways Department as a clerical cadet. He studied art for a number of years during the evenings at Perth Technical School. In 1912, at the age of twenty four, he resigned from his job and, with the financial assistance of his brother, travelled to London to study at Saint Martin's School of Art. During that time, some of his cartoons were accepted by Punch. Before sailing for England, he twice exhibited his paintings and pen-and-ink works, the first time in the West Australian Society of Arts 1913 Annual Exhibition, and the second in March 1914, with another Perth artist, Michael McKinlay. On returning to Perth, <mask> contributed freelance drawings to the Western Mail and The Sunday Times, and while working as a railways draftsman in 1918, he was offered a job by Ernie Brewer of Smith's Weekly at £5 a week.<mask> accepted the position and moved to Sydney in 1919. On 31 July 1920, <mask>'s first comic strip, The Man Who Waited, was published in Smith's Weekly. That was followed in the next week by the first episode of You & Me. Originally a satire, featuring the characters "Mr Pott" and "Whalesteeth", designed as a means of offering political comment, it was quickly converted into a domestic humour strip. <mask> continued to draw the weekly strip for nineteen years until he left Smith's in late December 1939. The strip was taken over by Jim Russell in 1940 and renamed to Mr & Mrs Potts. On 17 November 1924, <mask> married a 25-year-old clerk Jessie May Hamilton (d. 1972) at the Waverley Methodist Church in Bondi Junction.In 1928, <mask> began another strip in Smith's Weekly, Smith's Vaudevillans, introducing the mis-matched characters of "Rhubarb", an alcoholic sailor, and "Norman", a fop who played the straight man to his drunken partner. Another <mask> success was the first "Dad and Dave" cartoons, also for Smith's Weekly. The strip was a straight adaptation of the radio serial, which commenced in 1936, and ran for 2,276 episodes before finishing in 1951. During his time at Smith's Weekly, <mask> established a reputation as a skilled draftsman, particularly in the area of single-panel cartoons. In the 29 July 1933 issue of Smith's Weekly, a Cross cartoon featured two men who had been working on top of a building construction. There has been a mishap, and now one is hanging by his fingers from a girder at a frightening height over a street. His mate, to save himself, has grabbed the trousers of the other, yanking them down over his ankles and, looking directly upwards, is convulsed with laughter, while the other implores: "For gorsake, stop laughing: this is serious!".Editor Frank Marien immediately dubbed it "The Funniest Drawing in the World". Such was the popularity of the cartoon that it was reprinted on a quality paper and distributed throughout Australia, with many also being sent overseas. All through the Depression years, and after, the prints, costing two shillings and sixpence, were framed and hung on walls in work-places, hotel bars, barbers' shops, and even in some shop windows. <mask> became Smith's Weekly'''s highest-paid artist and second art editor. Short-run series he devised included: Things That Make <mask> (political and economic criticism), Places We Have Never Visited (law courts, Parliament, the players' room at a test cricket match, etc. ), Museum of the Future and Firsts in Australian History (the first barmaid, the first strike, the first football match). Towards the end of 1939, Smith's Weekly was in financial trouble and <mask> was induced by Keith Murdoch to join the Melbourne Herald.Capitalising on his reputation as a comic strip artist, <mask> was asked to create a newly daily strip, and he started his most popular strip, The Winks on 20 April 1940. For the first three months, the strip employed a domestic comedy theme and was basically a toned down version of You & Me. The characters "Mr Wink" reflected the role of Mr Potts, while the tall, thin, long-faced character was similar to "Whalesteeth". In the initial stages, the characters were given their own weekly strip, Tidley Winks & Wally. The Winks was only moderately popular until <mask> decided to change the strip's direction and take the main characters into the Army. Mr Winks became Major Winks on 15 July 1940 and the strip was renamed Wally and the Major. Over the next thirty years in newspapers throughout Australia, New Zealand and Fiji, and in eighteen annual comic books (c.1943–60), readers were able to enjoy the extraordinary, knock-about adventures and lifestyle of Private Wally Higgins, Major Winks, Pudden Bensen, and a company of comedy players—in the army in World War II and, afterwards, on their North Queensland sugarcane plantation.He continued to produce the strip until failing eyesight forced him to get help with the drawings early in 1970. Carl Lyon started to ink in <mask>'s pencil drawings. and Lyon eventually took over all the drawing, with <mask> writing the stories, and took over completely when <mask> retired later that year. <mask> was a foundation member of the Black and White Artists Society (later Club), Sydney, and served as president from 1931 to 1954. Their annual trophy "The Stanley" was named for him, with the award taking the shape of the figures in his classic cartoon, "For gorsake, stop laughing: this is serious". <mask> also wrote books on accountancy, economics and English grammar, and treatises on soil conservation. He painted watercolours and there is some speculation that <mask> and George Finey held the first exhibition at David Jones Art Gallery.In 1970, he retired from the Melbourne Herald and joined his family at Armidale, New South Wales, where he died on 16 June 1977 at the age of eighty-eight. The epitaph on his tombstone reads, "Stop laughing, this is serious". References

Sources
 Conversation with <mask> (sound recording) / as interviewed by Hazel de Berg, 18 August 1969, National Library of Australia
 ACE biographical portraits: the artists behind the comic book characters: the Australian comic book exhibition, Australian comics 1930s–1990s, touring Australia during 1995/96 / edited by Annette Shiell and Ingrid Unger (1994, )
 Australian humour in pen and ink / <mask> (1921)
 Golden years of cartooning 1920–1940: <mask> and 23 other artists whose work appeared in Smith's Weekly / Brenda Rainbow (1998, )
 Stop laughing, this is serious! : the life and work of <mask>, 1888–1977 / Vane Lindesay (2001, )
 Wally and the Major / <mask>
 John Ryan collection of Australian comic books, ca. 1940–1960'' (manuscript)

External links
 Stan Cross Archive of cartoons and drawings, 1912–1974, 4937 drawings, 71 photographs
 Papers of <mask>, circa 1880-circa 1989, 1.50m (6 boxes) + 1 fol. box
 Original cartoons of R G Casey by <mask> in the Papers of R G Casey (NAA: M1617), National Archives of Australia
 Lambiek.net – <mask>
 Carl Lyon – Wally and the Major cartoons for The Herald and Weekly Times – held and digitised by the National Library of Australia

Australian comics artists
Australian editorial cartoonists
1888 births
1977 deaths
Alumni of Saint Martin's School of Art

masks:
Stanley George Cross
Cross
Cross
Theolus Edwin Cross
Stanbrough
Cross
Stan
Cross
Cross
Cross
Cross
Cross
Cross
Cross
Cross
Stan Cross
Cross
Cross
Stan Cross
Cross
Cross
Cross
Cross
Cross
Cross
Cross
Cross
Cross
Stan Cross
Stan Cross
Stan Cross
Stan Cross
Stan Cross
Stan Cross
Stan Cross
Stan Cross


title: Vyacheslav Kotyonochkin

texts:
<mask> (also known as Kotenochkin) (Russian: Вячеслав Михайлович Котёночкин) (June 20, 1927 – November 20, 2000) was a Soviet and Russian animation director, animator and artist. He was named People’s Artist of the RSFSR in 1987. He is most famous for directing the popular animated series Well, Just You Wait! Early life
<mask> was born in Moscow into a Russian family of <mask> (1900—1941), an accountant and a native Muscovite who died from tuberculosis shortly before the Great Patriotic War, and <mask>a (née Shirshova) (1906—1962), a housewife whose family moved to Moscow from Kimry, Tver Governorate. His maternal grandfather Andrei Ivanovich Shirshov came from peasants, while his wife Maria Vasilievna Komissarova belonged to a wealthy family with an estate in Kimry which they had to abandon after the October Revolution. His earliest known paternal ancestor lived under a Koshkin surname (from the word koshka — cat) and owned a restaurant and a confectionery store in Moscow, but his twin sons were nicknamed "kittens" which transformed into a rare Kotyonochkin surname with time (from the word kotyonok — kitten). <mask> was baptized in a Moscow Orthodox church soon after birth.In 1938 he visited a New Year celebration for children at the House of the Unions where they were shown a collection of the first Soviet color animated films. He was so impressed that he started taking drawing courses at a Pioneers Palace. In 1942 <mask> finished seven classes of the middle school and entered an artillery special school, then he was sent to the Penza anti-tank artillery school where he studied until the war's end. He also learned to play cornet in a military band. Career
Soon after the war <mask> met the acclaimed Soviet animator Boris Dyozhkin who suggested him to enter the animation courses organized by Soyuzmultfilm. In 1947 he graduated and started his career as an animator at the studio. During the next 50 years he worked on more than 80 films.From 1962 on he served as an animation director. He became closely associated with the Fitil satirical almanac by Sergey Mikhalkov and created 17 animated shorts for it during the next 25 years. Yet his name rose to fame only in 1969 when the first episode of Well, Just You Wait! was released. He picked the project after he accidentally stumbled across the screenwriters Felix Kamov, Arkadi Khait and Aleksandr Kurlyandsky who were wandering around Soyuzmultfilm trying to sell it to the leading directors without any success. <mask> was the only one who loved the idea and immediately drew the Hare character. He spent a lot of time developing Wolf though and ended up with a protagonist reminiscent of himself.According to <mask>'s son and colleagues, as a young man he was rather undisciplined, loved to party and to pull pranks so that at one point he was nearly fired. The Wolf character inherited some of his features as well as gestures and movements. Vladimir Vysotsky served as another inspiration and was originally intended to do the voice-over, but wasn't approved by the studio executives. The art director Svetozar Rusakov had already worked with <mask> on Mezha (1969) and several Fitil episodes by that time. Well, Just You Wait! wasn't supposed to become a long-running series, and the overwhelming popularity of the pilot episode came as surprise to its creators. From 1969 to 1986 <mask> directed a total of 16 episodes, and each of them turned an instant hit.Yet after each episode he wanted to end the series and switch to other projects. He managed to create several independent shorts in-between, including another popular comedy The Kitten from Lizyukov Street (1988). He also dreamed of directing an animated adaptation of Alexander Pushkin's epic poem Ruslan and Ludmila. In 1988 V<mask> was awarded the USSR State Prize. He was awarded the Order of Friendship on May 2, 1996. Yet the award he valued the most was the Order of the Smile granted to him by Polish children in 1985. During the late perestroika years the Soviet government cut financing and he wasn't able to make anything else up until 1993 when he co-directed two new episodes of Well, Just You Wait!along with Vladimir Tarasov. Full of product placement and modern-day references, they left the fans disappointed. In 1999 he published a book of memoirs. <mask> <mask> died on 20 November, 2000 in a Moscow hospital after several years of illness: he suffered from diabetes which led to a gangrene and a stroke. He was buried in the family tomb at the Vagankovo Cemetery. On February, 2014 an all-Russian poll was conducted by the Public Opinion Foundation. People were asked to name their favourite animated film or series.Well, Just You Wait! won by a wide margin. Family
 Wife — Tamara Petrovna Vishnyova (born 6 April 1928), a ballet dancer in the Moscow Operetta Theatre
Son — Aleksey <mask> (born 16 July 1958), Russian animation director, animator and art director
Daughter  — <mask>a
Granddaughter — Ekaterina <mask>a, singer

Selected filmography

Director
1962-1988 — Fitil (17 episodes)
1965 — Frog the Traveler (also art director)
1967 — Mezha
1931-1934; 1969-1986; 1993-1994 — Well, Just You Wait! 1975 — On the Forest Trail (also screenwriter)
1982 — An Old Record (also screenwriter)
1988 — The Kitten from Lizyukov Street

Animator

1949 — Polkan and Shavka
1951 — Forrest Travelers
1952 — The Scarlet Flower
1952 — Kashtanka
1952 — The Snow Maiden
1954 — The Golden Antelope
1954 — The Orange Neck
1954 — Unusual Match
1956 — Old Friends
1957 — Once Upon a Time
1957 — Familiar Pictures
1958 — The Cat's House
1958 — A Tale of Malchish-Kibalchish
1960 — It Was I Who Drew the Little Man
1962 — The Wild Swans
1968 — Adventures of Mowgli. Episode 2 - The Kidnapping

References

External links

 <mask> <mask> at Animator.ru
 About <mask> <mask> on Kinopoisk.ru
 Article on Kinozal.tv

1927 births
2000 deaths
American animated film directors
Russian animated film directors
Artists from Moscow
Burials at Vagankovo Cemetery
People from Moscow
People's Artists of the RSFSR
Recipients of the USSR State Prize
Russian animators
Russian artists
Soviet animation directors
Soviet animators

masks:
Vyacheslav Mikhailovich Kotyonochkin
Vyacheslav Kotyonochkin
Mikhail Mikhailovich Kotyonochkin
Eugenia Andreevna Kotyonochkin
Vyacheslav
Kotyonochkin
Kotyonochkin
Kotyonochkin
Vyacheslav
Kotyonochkin
Kotyonochkin
. Kotyonochkin
Vyacheslav
Kotyonochkin
Kotyonochkin
Natalia Kotyonochkin
Kotyonochkin
Vyacheslav
Kotyonochkin
Vyacheslav
Kotyonochkin


title: Donald Davidson (historian)

texts:
<mask><mask> is the historian of the Indianapolis Motor Speedway, the only person to hold such a position on a full-time basis for any motorsports facility in the world. <mask> started his career as a statistician, publicist, and historian at USAC. His radio program, The Talk of Gasoline Alley, is broadcast annually throughout the "Month of May" on WFNI in Indianapolis, and he is part of the IMS Radio Network. <mask> is a member of the Auto Racing Hall of Fame, the Richard M. Fairbanks Indiana Broadcast Pioneers Hall of Fame, and the USAC Hall of Fame. In 2016, he was named a Sagamore of the Wabash by Governor Mike Pence. Personal history
British born, <mask> was from Salisbury, Wiltshire in South West England. He worked as a cinema projectionist at the Odeon Leicester Square in London.He first learned of the Indianapolis Motor Speedway when he became passionately interested in Grand Prix motor racing in the mid-1950s. Part of that interest stemmed from viewing highlight films of auto races. It did not take long for his interest to transfer over to the Indianapolis 500, plus other forms of American oval track racing. <mask> sought out books, magazines, and other various publications relating to auto racing. He then proceeded to memorize, in great detail, the results of every Indianapolis 500. He has been described as having Selective Retentive Easy-Access Memory. <mask> saved up his own money and first visited Indianapolis in May 1964.He had relatives in Chicago, with whom he arranged to stay during part of the trip. He had written to IMS radio announcer Sid Collins and amazed the crowd by being able to recite the record of every driver who had ever competed in the "500." He was quickly and warmly welcomed by the Speedway staff as well as participants, and within hours of his arrival, he was given free credentials. Collins invited <mask> to make a brief appearance as a guest on the radio broadcast of the 1964 race. USAC years
<mask> returned to the Speedway to attend the 1965 Indianapolis 500. He reunited with Sid Collins and the Radio Network staff. He joined the staff as a popular fixture, and sought permanent employment in Indianapolis.A few days after the 1965 race, <mask> was hired by Henry Banks to work at USAC as a statistician, a position he would hold for 31 years. He also worked as a publicist, writing the USAC newsletter and other related publications. <mask> left USAC in 1997, and worked briefly for IMS Productions, the in-house television division at the Speedway. In January 1998 he officially became the full-time historian of the Indianapolis Motor Speedway, and maintains an office at the Museum. He is also now the longest-serving commentator on the IMS Radio Network staff, having served in at least some capacity on every radio broadcast of the Indianapolis 500 since 1965 (not including his guest appearance in 1964). Parallel to his work on the IMS Radio Network, <mask> also worked on the local radio coverage of practice and time trials on WIBC. The Talk of Gasoline Alley

Origins
In 1966, Sid Collins arranged for <mask> to host 15-minute semi-daily radio program on 1070 WIBC during the month of May.The program was called "Dial Davidson," and allowed phone-in callers to ask <mask> questions about the Indianapolis 500. In 1967, <mask> was unable to continue the program because he was going through basic training at Fort Rucker in the National Guard. He missed a considerable part of the month of May at Indy in 1967, but was able to attend the race itself and serve on the radio network broadcast. After management changes at 1070 WIBC in 1970, the station vastly increased their coverage of the Indianapolis 500 for 1971. <mask> was invited back to host a one-hour nightly quiz show about the Indy 500. The show was unnamed for the first two to three years, but for a brief time it was called "Stump the chump". Lou Palmer called the program "Do it to <mask>" and Chuck Riley called it "Stymie the Limey."Callers won prizes if <mask> did not know the answer. Show format

After a few seasons, the show evolved from a "rapid fire" call-in quiz show to a more long form caller-based question & answer talk show, with <mask> taking the role of raconteur. <mask> fields the callers' questions, preferably of a nostalgic nature, about the history of the Indianapolis 500. Furthermore, he prohibits himself from using any sort of reference material during the show, relying only on his own memory. Not only does he answer questions, but he adds various anecdotes, vignettes, statistics, driver biographies, and may recount other related stories, typically of personal experiences regarding the subject matter. Topics for discussion are broad, but are often focused on biographies of drivers, team owners, mechanics, and other personalities associated with the race or the track. Other popular topics include track lore, famous cars, race recaps, members of the IMS Radio Network, the museum and its exhibits, and specific events from a particular year.Discussions regarding non-race winners and drivers of relative obscurity (particularly drivers from the very early years) are warmly received, as it offers "fresh" content to the program. Controversial topics are frowned upon, and a small list of oft-repeated subjects that have been answered ad nauseam are usually avoided (the Turbines, Jigger Sirois, the Jim Hurtubise "beer engine" incident, the 1911 controversy, and others). In addition, shows that air during Brickyard 400 week invite questions about NASCAR and USAC Stock Car history, both of which <mask> is also well-versed. WIBC years
By the late-1970s, the program adopted the now-familiar name The Talk of Gasoline Alley (in reference to the nickname of the garage area at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway). Although in the early 1980s, the title The Talk From Gasoline Alley was also used. Starting around 1983, the show moved from the downtown studios of WIBC to the track itself, and for one year was set up in the lobby of the Speedway Motel. The following year, the show moved to the garage area.Eventually <mask> was invited to broadcast the program from one of the team's garages, and mechanics were usually heard in the background working on the cars. In many years, the show was done from the garages of the Jonathan Byrd team. Starting in 1990, a special post-race drive home show has also been aired, immediately following the conclusion of the IMS Radio Network race broadcast. In recent years, the program has originated from the media center at the Speedway, or from the WFNI studios downtown. For much of its run on 1070 WIBC-AM, the hour-long show aired daily at 6:00 p.m. local time. That coincided with the time of the day the track closed for practice (or time trials) each evening. In early years, it was co-hosted by Kevin Calabro.During the late 1990s and early 2000s, the show was jointly produced as a part of Dave "The King" Wilson's nightly drive-home show. Consistent with airing on a traditionally news/talk station, the show was frequently at the mercy of numerous breaks for news, traffic, and weather reports, and occasional pre-emption for breaking news and other live sports coverage. For a brief period, the show was expanded to two hours, with the second hour carried on Network Indiana, a syndicated feed that was picked up by several stations around the state. Starting in 1994, the program expanded to new events at Indy. The show was added the week of the Brickyard 400 (1994–2009, 2013–2019), the weekend involving the F1 U.S. Grand Prix (2000–2007), as well as Moto GP. During the decade of the 2000s, WIBC began streaming over the internet, effectively exposing the show to a nationwide/worldwide listening audience. In 2006, the program became available in podcast form.<mask>'s other radio experiences included regular appearances on WIBC's Sunday morning program "The First Day" in 1976–1984, and a nostalgic radio program titled "Looking Back with <mask>" on WIAN in 1973. WFNI years
In 2008, after 37 years on 1070 WIBC, the station was reorganized, and the program moved to 1070 The Fan. The show moved to the 8 p.m. timeslot. It is currently part of a two-hour daily block, with Trackside with Curt Cavin & Kevin Lee serving as a lead-in during the 7 o'clock hour. Typically either Lee or Cavin sat in to serve as host/call screener. Tony Donohue briefly took over the host chair in 2019. Since having moved to a dedicated sports talk station, the program enjoys more leeway in the broadcast window, and is no longer burdened by news reports and the like.However, the program is still occasionally interrupted by Pacers games, as WFNI is the flagship for the team. In some cases, the program has been simulcast or mirrored over to sister station 107.5 FM to avoid preemption. Along with the traditional telephone calls, questions are now also accepted via e-mail and Twitter. In some cases discussion topics are pre-planned by the hosts, particularly for the opening segment, or follow-ups from previous night's question(s) kick off the program. A short list of longtime frequent callers complement the show, including Dave from Marion, Paul in Racine, Mike in Vernon Hills, Jerry in Delphi, and many others. The show is traditionally aired live, however, on rare occasions when <mask> (or the co-host) has prior commitments, the show will be pre-recorded. In those cases, no phone calls will be taken, instead the topics will be culled from e-mail or Twitter requests.As of 2017, the show has aired for 46 consecutive seasons, and has produced upwards of 1,275 episodes. In 2010, <mask> was inducted as a member of the Auto Racing Hall of Fame at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway. In 2013, he was inducted into the Richard M. Fairbanks Indiana Broadcast Pioneers Hall of Fame. In 2016, The Indianapolis Star named <mask> to the list of the 100 most influential people in the history of the Indianapolis 500, and likewise WFNI ranked him #10 on the list of Top Ten Influential People (Non-Drivers) in Indy history. In June 2016, <mask> was named the grand marshal of the Indy Legends Charity Pro–Am race. Books and media

As chief historian for USAC and the Indianapolis Motor Speedway, <mask> has written, or contributed to numerous books about auto racing and the Indianapolis 500. His earlier contributions include the annual 500 Yearbooks and magazine articles.In 1974 and 1975, he wrote a short-lived series of Indianapolis 500 annuals entitled "<mask>'s 500 Annuals." During the month of May for numerous years, <mask> penned a daily column in the Indianapolis Star about Indianapolis 500 history. In addition to his work on the radio <mask> also co-hosted local Indy 500 practice and qualifications coverage on WTTV (1984–1989) and WNDY-TV (1995–1997). After many years of helping others with their books on the Indianapolis 500, <mask> wrote his own, put out through the publishers of Autocourse, entitled Autocourse Official History of the Indianapolis 500, co-authored by Rick Shaffer. An updated second edition was published in 2013. <mask> has appeared on numerous television programs, including Motorweek Illustrated, SportsCentury on ESPN, and Indy 500 The Classics on Speedvision. <mask> has served as a lecturer at IUPUI and for many years taught a course in motorsports history.He has been a frequent guest speaker at various engagements including trade shows, civic and social events, banquets, and awards ceremonies. <mask> lives close to the Indianapolis Motor Speedway, and has an office inside the museum. In 2003, a house fire swept through his basement, destroying some items from his personal collection, including a photograph of himself with 1911 Indianapolis 500 winner Ray Harroun. On his radio program, though he is guarded of his age, <mask> mentioned that he shares a birthday with Indy 500 winners Jimmy Bryan and Takuma Sato, as well as driver Gene Hartley. Footnotes

Works cited
<mask> Racing History (via Internet Archive)
The Talk of Gasoline Alley – Podcasts: 1070 The Fan
Keeping Track – Indianapolis Monthly (May 2006)
<mask>: The biggest fan of the Indy 500 there ever was

External links
The Talk of Gasoline Alley Episode Guide
Man with the amazing memory remembers his checkered past

References

American sports radio personalities
American information and reference writers
Historians of technology
Historians of motorsport
Indianapolis 500
Writers from Indianapolis
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
People from Salisbury
People from Marion County, Indiana
Historians from Indiana

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Donald C
. Davidson
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Donald Davidson


title: Chiquis Rivera

texts:
<mask>  (born June 26, 1985), better known as <mask>, is an American singer and television personality. She is the eldest daughter of singer <mask>. She began her singing career in early 2014, releasing her first single "Paloma Blanca" as a tribute to her mother. At Premios Juventud, she made her musical debut on international television with her performance of "Esa No Soy Yo". She made her television debut with her reality show <mask> Presents: Chiquis & Raq-C and also appeared on her mother's hit spin-off reality show I Love Jenni. <mask>'s debut album, Ahora, was released on June 2, 2015. On April 7, 2015 she released her memoir titled Forgiveness.<mask> won a Latin Grammy Award for her 2020 album, Playlist. Life
Janney Marín <mask> was born and raised in California. She is daughter of  Regional Mexican star, Jenni <mask> and her first husband, José Trinidad Marín. She is the first child of both her parents, has one younger sister, Jacquelin, one brother, Mikey, and two half-siblings from her mother's second marriage. <mask> is Presbyterian and attends church regularly with her family. Relationship with mother
On April 7, 2015 she released a memoir called Forgiveness, she revealed the reasons she and her mother, Jenni <mask>, stopped speaking in October 2012. She revealed that she was molested by a woman.She confirmed that the reason for her and her mother's separation stemmed from the rumor that she had an affair with Esteban Loaiza. She denied the rumor and attributes it to "toxic voices" that surrounded her mother at a time when she was deeply lonely and confused, leading her to doubt her then-husband's fidelity and her own daughter's loyalty. She stated, in an attempt to find evidence of incriminating behavior, that <mask> looked at video footage from her home's security system and found an instance in which <mask> is seen leaving the master bedroom which <mask> shared with Loaiza while they were married. <mask> said that <mask> became fixated with the video, and watched it so many times that she had made herself believe her daughter actually "came back to the house and snuck back into the bedroom" to have a sexual encounter with Loaiza. Beto Cuevas, who was friends with Jenni, has stated that he gave her advice on how to deal with the rift with <mask> three days before Jenni's death. Sexual abuse
In 1997, her aunt, <mask> came forward and confessed to Jenni <mask>, that José Trinidad Marín, used to sexually molest her, and was now doing the same to Chiquis. Physical examination showed he'd done the same with her younger sister Jacqie Marín.The molestation case was opened in 1997 and Marín spent 9 years as a fugitive before he was apprehended in April 2006 and convicted of sexual assault and rape. In May 2007, José Trinidad Marín was found guilty of 6 out of 9 charges and sentenced to more than 31 years in prison without parole. Mother's death

On December 9, 2012, her mother and six others died in a plane crash following a concert at the Monterrey Arena in Monterrey, Nuevo León. The plane was en route to Toluca for an appearance by <mask> on La Voz ... México. Marriage

Chiquis married Lorenzo E. Mendez Ronquillo (former vocalist of la Original Banda El Limón) in June 2019 and became stepmother to Lorenzo's daughter from his previous marriage. On September 17, 2020, <mask> announced her divorce with Méndez through social media, claiming it a decision from both parties. Career

Television personality

She made her television debut with her reality show Jenni <mask> Presents: Chiquis & Raq-C, Chiquis 'n Control, and also appeared on her mother's hit spin-off reality show I Love Jenni.She also starred in her mini web—series Chiquis Confidential. She and her siblings started in a spin-off of I Love Jenni called The Riveras. The series aired its fourth and final season on NBC Universo on August 11. Singer
<mask> began her singing career in early 2014, releasing her first single "Paloma Blanca". It was written by her and dedicated as a tribute to her late mother. At Premios Juventud she made her musical debut on international television with her performance of "Esa No Soy Yo". On April 6, 2015, <mask> declared to the daily newspaper Miami Herald, she would be releasing an album called Ahora, on June 2, 2015.She stated, "I called it Ahora because it's about living in the moment and appreciating the now. I feel that's how my life can be summed up. It really has a little bit of everything – pop mixed with banda. I love all types of music and didn't want to limit myself since I am my own record label [Sweet Sound Records] I was able to take my time with it. I want to give that to people. I don't know anyone who listens to just one type of music – it's universal and brings everyone together." In Spring of 2018, <mask> released her second studio album titled ‘Entre Botellas’ which feature songs made with Lorenzo Mendez, Jenni <mask> and <mask>.Her two singles ‘Vas a Volver’ and ‘Horas Extras’ where featured in the album as well as ‘Quisieran Tener Mi Lugar’, a duet sang with her mother Jenni <mask>. Artistry

Musical style
<mask>'s musical style is classified as banda, a form of traditional Mexican music popular in Mexico and parts of the United States with large Mexican populations. Banda music originated in the state of Sinaloa and the music sound is primarily instruments such as tuba, clarinets and trumpets, i.e. Banda El Recodo and Banda La Costeña. Discography
 Ahora (2015)
 Entre Botellas (2018)
 Playlist (2020)

Filmography

Awards and nominations

Billboard Latin Music Awards

The Billboard Latin Music Awards are awarded annually by the Billboard magazine in the United States. The Billboard awards are the Latin music industry's longest running and most prestigious award. <mask> has currently received one nomination which is currently pending; she has been nominated against her late mother.|-
| 2015
| Chiquis (herself)
| Hot Latin Songs Artist of the Year, Female
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|-
|}

Juventud Awards
The Juventud Awards are awarded annually by the television network Univision in the United States. <mask> has received three nominations. |-
|rowspan="3" scope="row| 2014
|rowspan="2" scope="row| "Paloma Blanca"
| Catchiest Tune
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| My Favorite Video
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| Chiquis (herself)
| Best Artist using Social Media to Connect with Fans
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|-

Latin American Music Awards
The Latin American Music Awards are the Spanish-language version of the American Music Awards hosted on U.S. Spanish-language television network, Telemundo. |-
|rowspan="2" scope="row| 2015
|rowspan="2" scope="row| <mask> <mask> (herself)
| New Artist of the Year
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|-
| Favorite Female Artist
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|}

Latin Grammy Awards
The Latin Grammy Awards are awarded annually by The Latin Recording Academy in the United States. <mask> has received one award from one nomination. |-
|2020
| Playlist
| Best Banda Album
|
|}

Lo Nuestro Awards
The Lo Nuestro Awards are awarded annually by the television network Univision in the United States. <mask> has received two award from three nominations.|-
| 2015
|rowspan="3" scope="row| <mask> (herself)
|rowspan="2" scope="row| Regional Mexican: Female Artist of the Year
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| 2016
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| 2017
| Female Artist of the Year
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|}

Premios De La Radio
The Premios De La Radio are awarded annually by the television network Estrella TV in the United States for the Regional Mexican Music genre. <mask> has received one nomination, and in 2014 she lost the award to her late mother Jenni <mask>. |-
| 2014
|rowspan="2" scope="row| Chiquis (herself)
|rowspan="2" scope="row| Female Artist of the Year
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| 2015
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Tu Mundo Awards
The Tu Mundo Awards are produced by Telemundo awarded annually from the American Airlines Arena in Miami, Florida. |-
| 2014
| #BossBee
| Fan Club of the Year
|
|-

References

1985 births
Living people
American musicians of Mexican descent
American banda musicians
Hispanic and Latino American women singers
Hispanic and Latino American musicians
Jenni <mask>
Musicians from Long Beach, California
Singers from California
Spanish-language singers of the United States
21st-century American singers
21st-century American women singers
Latin Grammy Award winners
Women in Latin music
Universal Music Latin Entertainment artists

masks:
Janney Marín Rivera
Chiquis Rivera
Jenni Rivera
Jenni Rivera
Rivera
Rivera
Rivera
Rivera
Rivera
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Chiquis
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Chiquis
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Chiquis
Rosie Rivera
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Juan Rivera
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title: Kornelije Stanković

texts:
<mask> (, ; 23 August 1831 in Buda16 April 1865) was Serbian composer, melographer, conductor, pianist and musical writer. He is notable for his four volumes of harmonized Serbian melodies, which were published in Vienna between 1858 and 1863 and are one of the most important foundations for later Serbian music. Biography
He was born in a bourgeois Serbian family in Tabán, a part of Buda inhabited mostly by Serbs. After the death of his parents he lived with his elder sister in Аrad, where he went to primary school and attended two years of gymnasium. Later he moved to Szeged and returned to his brother's house in Taban, in order to finish school in Pest (1849). By a generous favour of family friends, Jelena and Pavle Riđički von Skribešće, in the year 1850 his musical education started at the Conservatory in Vienna. He studied harmony and counterpoint, as well as the basic piano lessons, with a court composer and prominent organist Simon Sechter, also the professor of Anton Bruckner.Fertile musical life in Vienna and instructions from Sechter marked the most significant, but also the only part of <mask>'s schooling. He was not able to go for musical specialization to Russia with his incurable disease, tuberculosis. He died early, in his thirty-fourth, on 4/16 April 1865 in Buda. He was buried in the Serbian cemetery in Taban. After moving this cemetery, his funeral remains were conveyed to the cemetery in Buda. In 1940, Musical society "Stanković" initiated their moving to the Alley of the Greats in Novo groblje in Belgrade. Creative work

Cultural-historical background
The years of <mask>'s life and work were imbued by numerous political events.Among them were the revolution 1848, absolutistic period of von Bach's reign and Crimean War, the breakdown of Bach's regime and the abolition of the Voivodeship of Serbia. In Serbia this was the period of the second reign of the Serbian Prince Mihailo Obrenović. The national movement among the Serbs was established by the work on language and folk literature done by Vuk Stefanović Karadžić. Although himself not a singer, Vuk accepted the view of Jacob Grimm that lyrical folk poems should be supplemented with their music settings. <mask> <mask> found an immediate model in Vuk's work. He was inspired to start an extensive work of collecting and harmonizing Serbian folk and church melodies. Intelligentsia both in the Habsburg Monarchy and in the Principality of Serbia supported this pioneer work on establishing a national style in Serbian music.Among them were the Serbian Patriarch Josif Rajačić, Russian priest and emissary in Vienna Mikhail Fedorovich Raevsky, the Serbian Prince Mihailo Obrenović, metropolitan of Serbia Mihailo and the Montenegrin Prince Danilo I. Folk music

<mask> started his melographic work in the field of folk songs and bourgeois melodies shortly after his arrival in Vienna. After the first published harmonizations, named Serbian Folk Songs (1851, 1853, 1854), he published four more collections (1858, 1859, 1862, 1863). Among the bourgeois songs he wrote down were also the verses of famous Serbian poets (Jovan Jovanović Zmaj, Vasa Živković, Jovan Subotić, Đorđe Maletić, Aleksandar Sandić). published by Aleksandar Sandić in Ost und West. He arranged them as four-voice-choir compositions and miniatures or variations for piano (the most popular are the variations Što se bore misli moje). During 1861 and 1863 he travelled and noted down folk melodies in Serbia (Šabac, Loznica, Valjevo, Čačak, Užice, Kragujevac).<mask> dedicated his published collections of folk songs to the Montenegrin Prince Danilo I, "to Serbian ladies", Prince Mihailo Obrenović and to the Russian imperial emissary in Vienna, Viktor P. Balabin. Collections of piano compositions were dedicated to the princess Julija Obrenović and Jelena Riđički. Church music
The first two Liturgies written by <mask> while his studying with professor Sechter did not accord with the folk tradition of church singing. <mask> therefore went to Sremski Karlovci (1855–1857) where, under the supervision of the patriarch Rajačić, he put into notation the melodies of virtually the whole church repertoire. By harmonizing the great number of notated church melodies for four-voice choir, he left the rich inheritance to his Serbian people: three published books of the Orthodox Church Chant of the Serbian People (Vienna 1862, 1863, 1864 and Belgrade 1994, as a facsimile edition), as well as the 17 manuscript volumes with four part choral settings and five volumes with about 400 pages with traditional church chants from the Octoich, the General and special chant, Festal chants from the Menaia, the Triodion and the Pentekostarion. Contribution to the work of singing societies
Before Kornelije Stanković, the newly founded Serbian church choirs and musical societies in Austro-Hungary and the Principality of Serbia had compositions of Russian composers and less famous musicians (Gottfried von Preyer and Benedict Randhartinger from Vienna, Francesco and Giuseppe Sinico from Trieste, Weiss von Berenfels from Petrinja) on their repertoire. With the publication of <mask>'s work, new harmonizations of the Serbian chant became eligible for the singers and the conductors of the church choirs from Vienna, Trieste, Zadar, Kotor, Petrinja to Pančevo, Timișoara and Belgrade.Brief but distinctive activity of <mask> <mask> as a conductor of the First Belgrade Singing Society (1863–1864) particularly contributed to the affirmation of the Serbian national musical creativity. As a successor of Milan Milovuk, <mask> made a significant turn over on the repertoire by introducing new harmonized Serbian folk melodies instead of foreign songs. He founded a "preparatory choir", in order to provide extra, theoretical education to his singers. He also made a plan for founding the first music school in Belgrade. Performances
Besides from arranging and publishing, <mask> also performed his transcriptions of traditional folk and church melodies as a pianist, with his friend, the painter and excellent baritone Stevan Todorović in Vienna, Pest, Buda, Belgrade, Novi Sad, Sremski Karlovci, Sombor, Pančevo, Sremska Mitrovica, Šabac, Valjevo, Kragujevac. He also performed his own, artistic piano compositions. As a conductor, he performed with the Belgrade Singing Society, the church choir in Buda and with foreign singers in Vienna.The very special success came with two concerts of <mask>'s music in the famous Vienna concert hall (Musikverein) in 1855 and 1861. The prefaces in his firstly published collections of folk and church songs are classics about church chant in the 19th century, pearls of writings about Serbian vocal music and folk musical inheritance. Honours

<mask> was honoured to receive the Order of Saint Stanislas from the Russian tsar for his melographic and creative work. The Serbian Church Choral Society of Pančevo, "Humanitätsverein" from Zagreb and Viennese "Musikverein", "Preodnica" and other youth societies gave him the title of an honorary member. He was respected and loved by his collaborators, acquaintances, friends and students. <mask>'s devoted work on preservation and nurturing the Serbian folk creativity made an important, deep trace in the Serbian musical and cultural history. His name was celebrated through numerous studies and articles, by founding musical societies and other musical institutions which were named by him.On the initiative of prof. dr Danica Petrović, in 1993 in Sremski Karlovci started the work of the Summer school of church chant "In memory of Kornelije". On the occasion of the 150th anniversary of <mask>'s birth (1981), Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts and the Institute of Musicology SASA organized a scientific assembly "<mask> <mask> and his time". Twenty years later (2006), in the organization of the Institute of Musicology SASA, Matica srpska and Academy of Arts from Novi Sad, another, international scientific assembly "Composer and his environment" was held. This time it was on the occasion of the 175th anniversary of the birth of <mask> and the 150th anniversary of the birth of Stevan Stojanović Mokranjac. The collection of proceedings from the first assembly (published in 1985) is, so far, the most detailed edition about <mask>'s life and work. He is included in The 100 most prominent Serbs. Notes
1.These manuscripts are kept in the Archives of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts (Historical collection, No. 7888). Extensive work on transcription and redaction of composer’s manuscripts for publishing in Collected Works of <mask> <mask> is in progress. This is the project led by prof. dr Danica Petrović, director of the Institute of Musicology SASA. References

External links

Biography
Biography
page 64 Music and art in the journal Danica-A.Sandić – Anonymous
Selection of Work (mp3 download)

1831 births
1865 deaths
19th-century composers
19th-century male musicians
Burials at Belgrade New Cemetery
Composers of Christian music
Eastern Orthodox Christians from Serbia
Habsburg Serbs
Male composers
People from Buda
Serbian composers

masks:
Kornelije Stanković
Stanković
Stanković
Kornelije
Stanković
Stanković
Stanković
Stanković
Stanković
Stanković
Kornelije
Stanković
Stanković
Stanković
Stanković
Stanković
Stanković
Stanković
Kornelije
Stanković
Stanković
Stanković
Kornelije
Stanković


title: Tom Hayes (trader)

texts:
<mask> (born October 1979) is a former trader for UBS and Citigroup who was sentenced to 14 years in prison (reduced to 11 years on appeal) for dishonestly driving manipulation of the London Interbank Offered Rate (Libor), a bank reported interest rate, to enhance his trading results. <mask>, in the course of his defence, asserted managers were aware of his actions, and even condoned them. At trial <mask> was diagnosed with mild Asperger syndrome,

Early life
<mask> was born in West London to Nicholas and <mask>, and initially grew up in Hammersmith. He moved with his mother to Winchester after his parents divorced, where he was raised by his mother, and Timothy, his stepfather. He attended The Westgate School, and, later, Peter Symonds College. A fellow student described him as an "incredibly smart geek". After Peter Symonds, he attended the University of Nottingham, working in a restaurant kitchen during the summer holidays.He graduated with a degree in mathematics and engineering. Career and education
In 2001, after time as an intern at UBS, he joined Royal Bank of Scotland's trainee programme, at the interest rate derivatives desk. After working for Royal Bank of Scotland as a junior trader, he was headhunted by Royal Bank of Canada in 2004, and, upon moving there, he assumed greater responsibility. After two years at RBC, he moved to UBS in late 2006. <mask> was placed in the Tokyo office of UBS, where he began making trades involving the discrepancies between the Libor rate and Japanese interest rates. <mask> turned down an offer from Goldman Sachs in 2008, but in 2009, accepted an offer from Citigroup; the bank gave him a $3 million signing bonus. <mask> graduated with an MBA from Hult International Business School studying at the London campus.He met Jennifer Arcuri there and founded software company Title X Technology with her in 2012, using developers in Bulgaria. Manipulating LIBOR
<mask> traded derivatives at UBS and, later, Citigroup, in Tokyo. His favoured activity was basis trading, speculation on the movements in Libor expressed in multiple currencies and various durations, trades he might hedge with trades in other derivatives. The daily reporting of Libor rates by bankers around the world determined his success or failure in generating profits for his bank and bonuses for himself. By September 2008, a one basis point (1/100 of one per cent) move in Libor had about a US$750,000 effect on his bottom line. Through a network of his broker contacts, including one at the world's largest inter-dealer broker, ICAP, he succeeded in having Libor reported lower than its true level in order to drive his profits and personal bonuses higher. In less than 9 months, in 2010, <mask> was fired by Citi for his Libor activities.In its letter dismissing the 35-year-old former trader, the bank wrote: “Citigroup has uncovered that you attempted to manipulate the Yen Libor and [the Tokyo equivalent] Tibor rates in order to benefit your trading position,” which it said was a clear breach of its code of conduct, “resulting in the possibility of serious regulatory actions”.After being fired, he moved back to England, where he day traded with his Citi bonus. Arrest and trial
On December 11, 2012, <mask> was arrested by British authorities for his involvement in manipulating Libor rates, and on December 19, he was charged by the United States for the same crime. In order to avoid extradition to and subsequent trial by and imprisonment in the U.S., <mask> initially cooperated with the Serious Fraud Office, providing eighty hours of interviews so as to be charged by the United Kingdom. After being charged, <mask> withdrew his offer of cooperation, intending instead to fight the charges levied by the SFO. In response, the SFO narrowed the scope of their charges, so leaving less overlap between charges by American and British prosecutors, creating the possibility of a second trial in the United States. <mask> was diagnosed with a mild version Asperger syndrome before his trial and was accompanied by a court-appointed aide during the trial. Throughout the trial, prosecutors used <mask>' SFO interviews to establish his greed and corruption.The defence attempted to illustrate that manipulation of Libor was both widespread and expected as part of <mask>' job description, with senior management aware of the tactic. Conviction
In August 2015, <mask> was sentenced to fourteen years in prison, to serve a minimum half of this sentence before being considered for early release. The judge, Jeremy Cooke, indicated he wished to "send a signal" to traders involved in illegal trading, as the sentence was significantly harsher than those given to other individuals convicted of financial crimes, such as Nick Leeson. <mask> maintained his innocence through the trial process, notwithstanding having stated during SFO interviews,

“Well look, I mean, it’s a dishonest scheme, isn’t it? And I was part of the dishonest scheme, so obviously I was being dishonest.”

Appeal
Appeals by <mask> against conviction failed but his sentence was reduced by the Court of Appeal comprising Sir Brian Leveson, Elizabeth Gloster and John Thomas, Baron Thomas of Cwmgiedd to eleven years, under the same parole conditions. Having exhausted all avenues of appeal, in May 2016, <mask> instructed solicitor Karen Todner to make an application for review by the Criminal Cases Review Commission (CCRC). In December 2021, the CCRC handed down a provisional judgement not to refer <mask>' case to the Court of Appeal.Time in prison
<mask> has released letters concerning his time in prison. In them, he described being held separately from other prisoners, for his protection, in a "segregation unit". In 2019 he was moved to HM Prison Ford. Interviewed in "The Times" <mask> spoke of the struggles with his mental health and how becoming a Christian and the ministry of the church had helped him to survive. On 29 January 2021 <mask> was released on licence from Ford open prison having served half his sentence. Personal life
<mask>' marriage to Sarah Tighe, a corporate lawyer in London, did not last the duration of his imprisonment. Although separated, however, the couple remain on good terms and Tighe continues to campaign for <mask>' conviction to be quashed.They have one child, Joshua. <mask> was diagnosed with Multiple sclerosis in March 2021. <mask> stated his MS was aggravated by his time in prison. See also
Jérôme Kerviel: A French trader convicted of similar crimes. References

Hult International Business School alumni
Alumni of the University of Nottingham
Living people
British people convicted of fraud
People with Asperger syndrome
1979 births

masks:
Tom Hayes
Hayes
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Thomas Alexander William Hayes
Sandra Hayes
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title: James Meeks

texts:
<mask><mask> (born August 4, 1956) is a former Democratic member of the Illinois Senate, who represented the 15th district from 2003 to 2013. He is also an active Baptist minister in Chicago and chaired the Illinois Legislative Black Caucus. He briefly campaigned for Mayor of Chicago in the 2003 and 2011 election, before dropping out of the race both times. He subsequently become a leading figure in the campaign to prevent same-sex marriage in Illinois. <mask> was appointed chair of the Illinois State Board of Education by Governor Bruce Rauner and took office January 21, 2017. He succeeded Gery Chico who had resigned the previous week. Biography
<mask><mask> was born in 1956.After graduating from Chicago's Harper High School, <mask> continued his education at Bishop College in Dallas, where he earned a degree in Religion and Philosophy. Ministry
In 1985, <mask>, pastor of Beth Eden Baptist Church in Chicago, shared the vision of founding a new church in a sermon. After a meeting with 205 members that same day, he founded
the Salem Baptist Church. The new congregation held its first services January 20, 1985 at 8201 South Jeffrey Boulevard and remained at this location for five-years. In 2005, he inaugurated the House of Hope, a 10,000-seat facility. The venue has  of usable space. Political career
In 2002, <mask> became the first state senator to be elected as an Independent.He won re-election in 2006 as a Democrat. In November 2011, he announced that he would not seek reelection when his current term ended in January 2013. In 1998, Meeks led a movement to "dry up" Roseland Community by collecting votes to close 26 liquor stores. He also created a mentoring program called "It Takes a Village
" which provides support and assistance to pregnant youth and young mothers. Meeks was also concerned with issues of housing affordability. He sponsored a bill which would make permanent a 2003 Executive Order that established a task force to develop Annual Comprehensive Housing Plans to address critical housing issues. The bill focuses its attention on vulnerable groups, including those at risk of homelessness and low income people with disabilities.Another bill sponsored by Meeks addressed law enforcement and racial profiling. The bill would allow police departments to apply for grants to purchase cameras for police cars. Meeks believes that cameras in police cars protects everyone involved in a traffic stop, arguing that it provides security for both the driver and the law enforcement officer, and that it may also help reduce instances of racial profiling. <mask> was the chairperson of the Housing and Community Affairs Committee and Vice Chairperson of the Commerce and Economic Development Committee. Additionally, he was a member of the Senate Commerce; Appropriations I; Education; Higher Education; and Senate Education Funding Reform Committees. During his speech supporting the removal of Rod Blagojevich from office, Meeks reprised the governor's now-infamous quote about Barack Obama's Senate seat, saying, "We have this thing called impeachment and it's bleeping golden, and we've used it the right way." <mask> has been a leading and outspoken figure in the 2013 campaign to stop gay marriage legislation in Illinois.Education reform
Meeks has become an outspoken advocate for school reform. The June 2006 findings of the Education Trust and Illinois Education Research Council showed that Chicago's worst schools are getting the worst teachers. Meeks believes that this is a civil rights violation of the students and has demanded that the Illinois Attorney General look into the violation. Meeks and a large group of parents also marched on city hall to meet with Mayor Daley in hopes that he could change the teacher hiring system. Meeks came up with a proposal to solve the teacher inequalities; he says top-notch teachers should be offered a $25,000 signing bonus and an additional $5,000 a year for five years to work in failing schools. The teachers' union has historically been opposed to "hazard pay" because they think all teachers should be paid more. In fall 2008, he announced a boycott of the Chicago Public Schools, urging his congregants and people from other churches to keep their children home until Chicago inner-city schools received more funding from Springfield.Meeks pointed out that at New Trier High School in Winnetka, thousands of dollars more are spent on each student, compared to Chicago Public Schools, where the population is mostly minorities from low-income homes. Over a thousand students met outside New Trier High School in the suburban North Shore to protest. The boycott ended after two days when governor Rod Blagojevich said he would not with Meeks during a boycott. In 2009 and 2010, Meeks worked to pass opportunity scholarships for children in Chicago's worst-performing public schools. This effort was supported by a bipartisan coalition of legislators and outside groups such as the Illinois Policy Institute. Controversy
In November 2010, in an interview on the radio station WVON, Meeks advocated that only African Americans should be qualified for city contracts designated for minorities and women. During the conversation, he stated, "The word 'minority' from our standpoint should mean African American.I don't think women, Asians and Hispanics should be able to use that title. That's why our numbers cannot improve — because we use women, Asians and Hispanics who are not people of color, who are not people who have been discriminated against". He later retracted his statement by saying he would only forbid white women if elected mayor. He told television station WFLD, "I don't believe white women should be considered in that count ….You have white women in the category. They receive contracts. Then, white men receive contracts. Where does that leave everybody else"?The next day, Meeks released a written statement further elucidating his comments. It stressed that "all minority- and women-owned businesses" are entitled to their "fair share" of city contracts. Personal life
<mask> and his wife Jamell live in Chicago, Illinois and have four children: Jamie, Janet, Trent (Christina), and Jasmine, and one granddaughter and a grandson

References

External links
Illinois General Assembly - Senator <mask>s (D) 15th District official IL Senate website
Bills Committees
Project Vote Smart - Senator <mask><mask> (IL) profile
Follow the Money – <mask> Meeks
2006 2004 2002 campaign contributions
Illinois State Senate Democrats - Senator <mask>. Meeks profile
Salem Baptist Church of Chicago

1956 births
Living people
African-American state legislators in Illinois
Baptist ministers from the United States
Bishop College alumni
Illinois Democrats
Illinois Independents
Illinois state senators
Politicians from Chicago
21st-century American politicians
Chairs of the Illinois State Board of Education
21st-century African-American politicians
20th-century African-American people

masks:
James T
. Meeks
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James T
. Meeks
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James Meek
James T
. Meeks
James T
James T


title: Paolo Ventura

texts:
<mask> (born 1968, Milan, Italy) is an Italian photographer, artist and set designer based in Milan. Life and work
<mask> grew up in Milan with summers spent in the hilltops of Eastern Tuscany. His father, <mask>, was a children's book author during the 1970s and 1980s. At the end of the 1980s, <mask> attended the Academy of Fine Arts of Brera. At the beginning of the 1990s he started working as a fashion photographer. In a few years he was working with fashion magazines such as Elle, MarieClaire, Amica, Vogue Gioiello, among others. Toward the end of the 1990s, ten years into his career, <mask> gradually stepped out of the world of fashion photography and he moved to New York to pursue his personal artistic path.In his studio in Brooklyn he began to build and photograph small dioramas about World War II in Italy, based on memories and tales from his grandmother. In 2006 Contrasto published “War Souvenirs", a collection of this work, with a foreword by the American writer Francine Prose. The work was followed by a number of exhibitions worldwide. The BBC included <mask>'s works in the documentary about photography: “The Genius of Photography” (2007). Three years later, he began his second major project: “Winter Stories” (2009), which became a book published by Aperture with a foreword by Eugenia Perry. In that same period he began to work with different galleries in NY and in Europe followed by exhibitions and acquisitions from Museums and Photographic Institutions from around the world. In 2010 the Library of Congress of the U.S. acquired a collection of 142 Polaroids from his "War Souvenirs" series and the Museum of Fine Arts of Boston acquired in its permanent collection a print from his "Winter Stories".In the following years he created other projects like “The Automaton”, published by Dewi Lewis in 2012 and “Behind The Walls” by Danilo Montanari Editore. In 2010 he moved back to Italy, to Anghiari, a small town in Tuscany. There, in an old studio in the countryside, he began work on his project “Short Stories” using his family as his photographic subjects. In 2016 Aperture published a collection of this work in a book titled “Short Stories”. In 2012 the Museum of Contemporary Art in Rome (MACRO) presented a solo exhibition of <mask>'s work titled "Lo Zuavo Scomparso". A book by the same name is published by Punctum. Canadian filmmaker Helen Doyle included the work of <mask> in her 2013 movie “An Ocean of Images” In the same year the Swiss Television dedicated a short documentary to <mask>'s work that was transmitted on Swiss National Television.In 2015, the Dutch documentary film-maker, Erik Van Empel, directed a full-length documentary on <mask> titled “<mask>: The Vanishing Man” which won The Prix Italia in 2016 as the best movie in the TV Performing Arts category. In the same year, <mask> began his first collaboration in theater. Working with director Rob Ashford, he realized the scenography for Rodgers and Hammerstein’s “Carousel” at the Lyric Opera of Chicago. In 2018, <mask> continued his work in theater, collaborating with director Gabriele Lavia, to create the set design and costumes for Ruggero Leoncavallo’s opera “Pagliacci” at the Teatro Regio in Turin. Bibliography
 "Autobiografia di un Impostore" narrata da Laura Leonelli, Johan & Levi editore, 2021
 "<mask>, Photographs and Drawings", Silvana Editoriale, 2020
 "Short Stories", Aperture, 2016
 "The Automaton", Dewi Lewis, 2012
 "Lo Zuavo Scomparso", Punctum Press, 2012
 "War Souvenirs", Contrasto Editore, 2006
 "Winter Stories", Aperture, 2009

Exhibitions

Main solo exhibitions
 2021 L'arte al tempo del Covid, MAC Museum of Contemporary Art, Sao Paulo, Brasil
 2021 The Families of Man, Museo Archeologico Regionale, Aosta, Italy
 2020 "Carousel", Camera Centro Italiano per la Fotografia, Torino, Italy
 2020 "The Automaton", Műcsarnok Kunsthalle, Budapest, Hungary
 2019 New 20th Anniversary Exhibition, The Margulies Collection at the Warehouse, Miami, Usa
 2019 Make Believe: Fantasy, fairy tales and Magic from five contemporary photographers. Museum of Fine Arts Boston, Usa
 2019 Commissione Roma 2003-2017 e le acquisizioni al patrimonio fotografico di Roma Capitale, Palazzo Braschi, Rome, Italy
 2018 "Racconti Immaginari", Silos Armani, Milan, Italy
 2018 "Racconti di Guerra", MAG Museo Alto Garda, Riva del Garda, Italy
 2017 Pagliacci, Camera, Italian Center for Photography, Turin, Italy
 2016 Mystique Narratives II, Flatland Gallery, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
 2016 “Paolo Ventura.

masks:
Paolo Ventura
Ventura
Piero Ventura
Ventura
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Ventura
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Ventura
Ventura
Ventura
Paolo Ventura
Ventura
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Paolo Ventura


title: Micheál Ledwith

texts:
<mask> (whose first name is often reported as Michael) is a former Catholic priest of the Diocese of Ferns in County Wexford from 1967 to 2005. Early years at Maynooth
After a promising academic start he was promoted rapidly and served for a time as Dean of St Peter's Diocesan College in Wexford. In 1977 he was appointed to a senior lectureship in Dogmatic Theology at St Patrick's College, Maynooth under the College President, Dr Tomás Ó Fiaich. He remained at Maynooth for the next 16 years and advanced quickly up the ladder of offices, serving a term as Dean of the Faculty of Theology, before being appointed to the Chair of Systematic theology and later a College Vice-President. In 1985 Dr Ó Fiaich, by then Cardinal Archbishop of Armagh and one of the trustees of Maynooth, approved his appointment to the post of President of Maynooth, which office carried an ex officio Pro-Vice-Chancellorship of the National University of Ireland and membership of the Conference of the Heads of Irish Universities. President of Maynooth

The Presidency of Maynooth was, in 1985 when <mask> was appointed to the role, a senior position within the Catholic Church in Ireland. Only 44, he proved a capable administrator at Maynooth; immediately prior to his resignation he presided over the separation of the National University of Ireland, Maynooth and St Patrick's College, Maynooth.He was regarded within the Church as a progressive and in 1988 he was seen as a serious contender for the vacant see of Dublin following the sudden death of Archbishop Kevin McNamara. His name was submitted to Rome as one of three possible candidates. There was considerable surprise following the appointment of a University College Dublin academic, Professor Desmond Connell. <mask> was then appointed a Domestic Prelate with the title of Monsignor, and served for 17 years under Pope John Paul II as a member of the International Theological Commission, a group of theologians of international standing charged with advising the Holy See on theological matters. He also served as Chairman of the Conference of the Heads of Irish Universities and as a member of the Governing Bureau of the Conference of European University Rectors (CRE). Resignation and Abuse Allegation

In 1994 as St Patrick's College, Maynooth approached its bicentenary due to be held the following year, Mgr <mask> resigned as President, six months before his term of office was to end. In 1995, the Irish National Broadcaster, RTÉ, initiated inquiries with the college authorities into an allegation of sexual abuse of a minor male.The senior management at St Patrick's College, Maynooth initially said that this had not occasioned Mgr <mask>'s departure, however in response to later revelations in the press <mask>'s successor, Monsignor Dermot Farrell, and the Episcopal Trustees of the College issued a joint statement in 2002 admitting that an allegation had been made. <mask>, they noted, had denied this strenuously but the College authorities had nevertheless commenced an investigation, and his Bishop, Dr Brendan Comiskey, had at the time informed both the Gardaí and the relevant Health Board. This process of investigation had commenced in or around 1995 but <mask>, in the interim, came to a private legal settlement with the claimant which admitted no liability and included a confidentiality clause. This, they said, frustrated the continuing inquiry. Dr <mask> remained in situ at the College for another two years after his resignation, and continued his professorship. Gerard McGinnity

In 1997 Dr <mask> and the College reached a mutual understanding for a parting of ways and he was awarded a pension top-up of £100,000. He also agreed to leave his rooms on the College campus at this time.In 2002 the Irish media reported that a former seminarian was suing Mgr <mask> over "an alleged incident" in 1994, after <mask>'s resignation. The 2005 Ferns Report noted that the ex-student later withdrew the allegation and dropped the lawsuit. Controversies surrounding <mask>'s appointment as President of St Patrick's College, Maynooth in 1985 were discussed in the national media in 2002. It emerged that in 1983–84 Fr Gerard McGinnity, then Senior Dean of Maynooth, complained about <mask> to seven bishops including the Bishop of Ferns, Dr Brendan Comiskey, who was championing <mask>'s appointment, Cardinal Tomás Ó Fiaich and Bishop Cahal Daly. The 2005 Ferns Report said that the complaints related to alleged homosexual "orientation and propensity" rather than any improper conduct. The then Bishop of Galway, Dr Eamon Casey, conducted a private investigation, and as no seminarian came forward to make a complaint, the matter was dropped. In the immediate aftermath, as McGinnity's position was deemed untenable, he was required to leave the College, and Dr <mask>'s appointment was confirmed.In response to the 2002 reports, the Bishop trustees took an opportunity to re-examine the process of appointment, and retained Denis McCullough Senior Counsel to investigate whether the complaints made against Mgr <mask> had received an adequate response. McCullough's report, published on 16 June 2005, found that, while no seminarian had complained about <mask>'s conduct to the bishops directly, McGinnity had communicated "concerns of apparent propensities rather than accusations of actual crime or specific offences" to a number of bishops. McCullough concluded that "to have rejected the senior dean's concerns so completely and so abruptly without any adequate investigation may have been too precipitate, although, of course, to investigate in any very full or substantial manner, a generic complaint regarding a person's apparent propensities would have been difficult". The Bishop's report, whilst critical, was found wanting in key respects and the matter was eventually debated in the Irish Senate in November 2005. Senator Mary Henry said: "With regard to Monsignor <mask>, I was dismayed to read the response of the bishops to whom complaints were made by six senior seminarians, as they are described in the report, as well as the senior dean of Maynooth College, Fr Gerard McGinnity. Cardinal Daly, one of the surviving bishops, indicated in his statement to the inquiry that it was entirely untrue that any seminarian had mentioned homosexuality to him in connection with Monsignor <mask>." Ferns Report

In 2005 the Ferns Report by a High Court Judge, Mr Justice Murphy, into the activities of certain priests of the Diocese of Ferns included various allegations made against Mgr <mask>.In connection with the accusation of sexual abuse against a minor the Inquiry was hampered by the confidentiality clause agreed between <mask> and the complainant, and the Ferns Report was unable to make any specific finding. It did, however, repeat the substance of accusations and noted that the complainant had alleged that the abuse began when he was 13 years old and lasted until he was 15. The Inquiry discovered that the Diocese of Ferns had spent substantial monies providing counselling for the complainant, and noted that Fr Walter Forde, who had investigated the allegation on behalf of the Diocese, reported to Bishop Brendan Comiskey that he found the accusation as 'capable of being true'. In response, Comiskey ordered <mask> to attend a treatment centre in the United States in 1994, but he declined and commenced proceedings against Dr Comiskey under canon law. This resulted in the diocesan investigation ceasing as the complaint was discovered to be outside the Canonical Statute of Limitations, and Bishop Comiskey declined to pursue the matter by other means at his disposal. In connection with the parallel investigation undertaken by the Maynooth authorities Mgr <mask> was initially open to a proposal waiving the confidentiality clause agreed with the complainant in the civil application, and this was also agreed to by the complainant. However Dr <mask> subsequently changed his mind as he was dissatisfied with the conduct of the sub-committee of Trustees appointed to investigate.After a lengthy investigation he was summoned to the Archbishop's House in Dublin for further questioning, and attended with a solicitor and two Senior Counsel. There he informed the Sub-Committee that he felt that the procedure adopted was fundamentally flawed and unfair from the perspective of civil and canon law and he submitted his resignation as President of Maynooth. The Ferns Report, while making no comment on the substance of the allegation, was highly critical of <mask>'s behaviour and stated that "as with many other priests accused of child abuse" <mask> "attacked the process rather than facing any charges". The Committee also examined the McGinnity affair and found inconsistencies in the evidence presented to the Commission by the surviving Bishops from 1985 and the seven former seminarians. The Bishops emphatically denied that there had been any allegations known of homosexual activity, whereas the former seminarians and Fr McGinnity in evidence directly contradicted the Bishops' submission. <mask>, in his own evidence to the Commission, confirmed that Dr Comiskey had informed him that a charge of homosexuality had been made against him. At the time he had approached Cardinal Ó Fiaich, who was McGinnity's Bishop, and they had discussed the matter.He also asserted to the Inquiry that Dr McGinnity had been dismissed from his post not because of this incident, but rather due to grave concerns about indiscipline within the College during his time as senior Dean. The Inquiry also investigated a serious allegation made by one seminarian in 1994 and concluded that in this instance the complainant had proved unreliable. It was noted that the complainant had changed his statement to police and admitted that any alleged sexual activity had been consensual. The Commission also noted that <mask> had co-operated fully with the Inquiry and had given direct oral evidence, where he had consistently asserted his innocence of all charges, though he declined to discuss any issues subject to a confidentiality clause. While critical, the Inquiry was unable to make any specific finding against <mask> in regard to either the allegation of child abuse or the alleged harassment of seminarians. The sudden resignation of Micheál <mask> in 1994 caused controversy in Ireland, and led to considerable criticism of the way the matter was handled by the Irish Hierarchy. In 2010 the appointment of an Apostolic Visitation from the Holy See to the Irish Church was charged, amongst other things, with investigating all Irish seminaries, and St Patrick's College, Maynooth in particular.Post Maynooth career

In 2002 Patsy McGarry, Religious Affairs Correspondent of the Irish Times, reported that <mask> was lecturing with a New Age cult in the United States, and in 2005 he was laicised. Since that time he has lectured in Australia, Canada, Denmark, England, Ecuador, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Scotland, Spain, South Africa, Switzerland, and throughout Canada and the United States. He has taught at Ramtha's School of Enlightenment. <mask> appears in What the Bleep Do We Know! ?, its sequel Down the Rabbit Hole, and Contact Has Begun. He has worked on three DVDs relating to spiritual evolution: The Hamburger Universe in 2005, How Jesus Became a Christ in 2006, and Orbs: Clues to a More Exciting Universe in 2008. His book The Orb Project, co-authored with a German physicist, Dr Klaus Heinemann, was published by Simon & Schuster/Beyond Words in 2007.Further reading
Tom Mooney, All the Bishops' Men – Clerical Abuse in an Irish Diocese, Collins Press

References

External links
"Hamburger Universe"
"What The Bleep"
Ramtha School of Ancient Wisdom
The Orb Project
The Dublin Review
St Patrick's College, Maynooth
Life & Career of Dr. Miceal Ledwith interviewed by David William Gibbons 2010  (Two Part Series)

Living people
Christian clergy from County Wexford
20th-century Irish Roman Catholic theologians
International Theological Commission
20th-century Irish Roman Catholic priests
Laicized Roman Catholic priests
New Age writers
Presidents of St Patrick's College, Maynooth
Place of birth missing (living people)
Year of birth missing (living people)
Academics of St Patrick's College, Maynooth

masks:
Micheál Ledwith
Ledwith
Ledwith
Ledwith
Ledwith
Ledwith
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Ledwith
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