title: Clifford Allen

texts:
<mask> (January 6, 1912 – June 18, 1978) was a Tennessee attorney and Democratic politician. Early life and career
<mask> was born in Jacksonville, Florida, and graduated from Friends High School (now Sidwell Friends) in Washington, D.C. He graduated from the Cumberland School of Law in Lebanon, Tennessee in 1931 and was admitted to the Tennessee bar the same year. He was elected to a first term in the Tennessee State Senate in 1948. In 1950 he first ran for governor of Tennessee in the Democratic primary against incumbent governor Gordon Browning and was defeated in a very close election where <mask>'s main issue was that the state should start providing free school textbooks to all school children. Running again in 1952 he was again defeated, running third (Frank G. Clement was the winner, with Browning finishing second). <mask> was seen by some as the representative of the urban and progressive forces as opposed to those whose support was largely rural, such as Clement.He was also a staunch opponent of Boss Crump of Memphis, and was invariably opposed by the Crump political machine. The rivalry between <mask> and Clement was such that on one occasion, health inspectors shut down a downtown Nashville restaurant owned by <mask>, who got a court order allowing it to reopen. This was judged by Nashvillians to have been politically motivated, and the restaurant reopened to long lines. <mask> was elected to the State Senate again in 1954 where he was a strong advocate for teachers and the public schools. <mask> urged enforcement of Brown v. Board of Education. In 1958 he again entered the Democratic primary for governor, losing to Buford Ellington, a Clement colleague who had served Clement both as campaign manager and Cabinet member. During this period of what was essentially one-party rule in Tennessee (by the Democrats in the western two-thirds of the state and by the Republicans in East Tennessee), organized factions within the parties often served the role traditionally served by parties, nominating tickets of candidates who ran together, pooled their resources in advertising, and generally ran for office as a unit.In January, 1957 the Tennessee State Senate refused to seat Richard Fulton, who had been elected to the seat formerly held by <mask>. Fulton had run for the office in the place of his popular older brother Lyle, who had died of cancer shortly after entering the race to succeed <mask>, but was several weeks short of having reached the constitutionally required age of 30 prior to the beginning of the legislative session, and <mask> was appointed back to this seat again. Assessor of Property
In 1960 <mask> was elected Assessor of Property for Davidson County, Tennessee. This position was (and generally still is) widely regarded as an unglamorous administrative courthouse position, little-noticed by the public except when complaints are made about increasing property assessments. However, <mask> was to make it his political base for the next 15 years. In 1962, Nashville voters agreed to merge many of the functions of the former City of Nashville municipal government and those of Davidson County into a metropolitan government. While the position of assessor of property (popularly referred to as "tax assessor") was retained in the combined government, <mask> decided to run for mayor of the consolidated city-county.<mask> finished second behind long-time rival Beverly Briley, the last county judge (chief executive) of Davidson County. The new Metropolitan Charter required a runoff since no one received a majority, and Briley defeated <mask> in the runoff. <mask> long had positioned himself as a populist, a defender of the rights of the elderly, impoverished, and "average people". He worked to make a certain amount of property held by elderly homeowners with low incomes exempt from property tax. The issue with which he will be perennially identified in Tennessee political history is undoubtedly that of "Question 3". The Tennessee State Constitution had stood unamended from 1870 to 1952, the longest any such document had ever stood such in the world. In part, this was due to the extremely difficult procedure set by the document for amendment.One of the methods permitted allowed the legislature to put on the ballot a call for a limited constitutional convention, one which would be limited to discussion and proposals on only those parts of the constitution named in the call. This procedure was limited to once in a six-year period; beginning in the 1950s conventions began to be held almost as often as allowable, and had made considerable changes in the state's basic document, such as allowing city-county consolidation as alluded to above and also for other updatings such as the extension of gubernatorial and state senate terms from two to four years, allowing legislators to be paid over and above expense money, and other similar modernizations. <mask> began to shape the 1971 convention to suit his principal issue. In Tennessee, the rate of assessment to appraisal on property taxes had long varied from county to county, with some counties applying the entire rate (expressed as dollars and cents per hundred of value such as "$1.27") on the entire appraised value of a property; most others applied a percentage of it, which varied wildly (from as low as 25% to as high as 70%). This system was needlessly confusing and arcane, and made comparison of tax rates from one jurisdiction to another very difficult (which some stated was one of the prime reasons for its existence). <mask> managed to explain this difficult and confusing issue in such a way as to win a large majority for the holding of a constitutional convention in which it would be discussed. It was known as "Question 3" because the legislature at the same time proposed four other constitutional sections for discussion at the same convention; however these other propositions were all voted down, limiting the scope of the convention solely to the property tax issue.<mask> was aided by the existence of the six-year limit between such events; opponents of a state income tax were aware that if a convention were to be held and limited to the property tax issue, another one at which an income tax might be proposed could not be held for at least another six years. Having helped pass the call for the convention, <mask> then set out to shape it to his ideas, firstly by winning election to it as a delegate while continuing to serve as assessor of property. <mask> soon became the leading figure of the convention, and its proposal, which called for an assessment of 25% of appraised value on residential and agricultural property and 40% on commercial property and even higher on utilities, was essentially <mask>'s plan, and was subsequently approved by Tennessee voters and remains the law as of 2012 except that the U.S. Senate overrode the higher tax rate on utilities at the urging of Senator Howard Baker. This victory helped to assuage the defeat which <mask> had suffered earlier in the year, when he lost another race for mayor. In this race <mask> was shocked to have finished fourth, well short of participation in the runoff (which again was won by Briley over runner-up Casey Jenkins, a former motion picture projectionist who had gained notoriety largely as an opponent of forced busing for school desegregation). Progressives such as <mask> in this election were hurt by the busing decision that was announced in the month before the election and fueled massive white turnout for the anti-integration candidates such as Jenkins. Congressman
In 1975 when Richard Fulton was elected mayor to succeed Briley and resigned as Congressman, <mask> entered the crowded Democratic primary field in the ensuing special election, and won, beating the incumbent district attorney Thomas Shriver, legislator Mike Murphy, and attorney (later federal Sixth Circuit judge) Gilbert Merritt, largely because of having far more name recognition than any other candidate and because of his populist attack on high rates being charged by local electric and gas utilities.As the Republicans had by this time given up on making serious bids for a district they hadn't won since Reconstruction, his victory in the special general election was a foregone conclusion, and he took office on November 25, 1975. Once in Congress, <mask> tried immediately to establish a high profile for a freshman legislator, to the consternation of some and the disdain of others. His primary issue was the higher electricity rates being charged by the Tennessee Valley Authority, primarily in order to finance its ambitious nuclear energy program. <mask> called for the adoption by the TVA of "lifeline rates", a low, subsidized rate for low-income, low-volume electric users who would essentially be subsidized by the utility's major customers. TVA management objected vehemently to <mask>'s proposal, stating that it violated provisions of the TVA Self-Financing Act of 1959 which required all of the agency's power operations to be self-financing and unsubsidized, and would further dissuade new large customers from moving into its service area as opposed to adjoining areas where they would not be subject to such a scheme. The idea apparently was well received by a majority of Nashville-area voters, however; <mask> was elected to a full term in November 1976. However, <mask> was regarded by many as increasingly a relic of an earlier era; he tended to address all issues at discursive length in the tradition of Southern country lawyers.In some circles in Washington, he was given the derisive nickname "The Tennessee Talking Horse", as an indication of his perceived verbosity (a title previously held by former Memphis Congressman Dan Kuykendall). Other politicians felt that <mask> might be vulnerable in 1978; several filed to run against him in the 1978 Democratic primary. However, only days before the deadline for withdrawing from the primary race, <mask> suffered a massive heart attack. All but one of his opponents then withdrew from the race as they were concerned about the possible repercussions of "kicking a man when he is down". On June 11, the day after the withdrawal deadline passed, <mask> died. The only candidate who didn't withdraw from the race a few days earlier, State Senator Bill Boner, thus appeared alone on the Democratic primary ballot. While one of the erstwhile opponents, Elliot Ozment, then tried to conduct a write-in campaign, this proved totally futile, and Boner won the nomination, and in effect, election in November.<mask> died at St. Thomas Hospital from complications of a heart attack on June 18, 1978. References

External links

1912 births
1978 deaths
Members of the United States House of Representatives from Tennessee
Politics of Nashville, Tennessee
Tennessee Democrats
Tennessee state senators
Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives
20th-century American politicians

masks:
Clifford Robertson Allen
Allen
Allen
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title: John J. Maresca

type: original

texts:
Dr. <mask><mask> is an Italian-American diplomat, business leader, and educator. <mask> has held a number of posts in the US government including Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense and US Ambassador. He has also founded, led, and contributed to a number of prominent NGOs and private sector companies. He served as Rector of the United Nations mandated University for Peace (UPEACE) in Costa Rica until February, 2013. Early life

<mask> has a Doctorate (PhD) in International Relations from Geneva School of Diplomacy & International Relations. Graduated from Yale University and then went on to pursue graduate work at the London School of Economics. Upon graduation, he served in the US military as a naval officer in North Africa and Europe.He then spent 6 years in early assignments as a career diplomat in the US Department of State. Government career

<mask> was Chef de Cabinet for two Secretary Generals of NATO, Manlio Brosio and <mask>, in Brussels. From 1978 to 1985, <mask> held a number of senior posts within the US Department of State. He was Deputy Head of the US Delegation for the Negotiation of the Helsinki Final Act, Head of NATO Political Affairs, Director of Western European Relations, and Deputy Chief of Mission at the US Embassy Paris. From 1986-1989, <mask> served as Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Europe and NATO at the US Department of Defense in Washington. He was responsible for all US military activities in Europe, including participation in NATO, US bases, and military relations with the USSR and the Warsaw Pact. In 1989, <mask> was appointed Ambassador and Chairman of the United States Delegation to the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE).In this role he was the principal architect of the agreements which formally ended the Cold War and established new institutions for the post-Cold War era, the "Charter of Paris for a New Europe," and the "Joint Declaration of Twenty-Two States," both signed by the heads of State of 33 countries at the Paris Summit of 1990. In 1992, he was appointed United States Ambassador and Special Representative for mediation of the conflicts in Cyprus and Nagorno Karabakh. In this role, <mask> was responsible for helping to create the so-called "Minsk Group," which since 1992 has been the basic forum for negotiation of a peaceful settlement of the N-K conflict. Following this post <mask> was appointed Ambassador and Special Envoy to open United States relations with the newly independent states of Central Asia and the Caucasus. He helped to establish the principle that the newly independent States from the former USSR were entitled to membership in the OSCE, thus giving them their first direct link with Europe and North America. Post-Government Activities

Dr. <mask> was a Guest Scholar at the United States Institute of Peace (USIP), Washington from 1994-1995. After his tenure at USIP, he spent one year as President at the Open Media Research Institute (OMRI) in Prague.From 1997-99, <mask> Served as Vice President for International Relations, Union Oil of California (Unocal) where he created a single, company-wide corporate social responsibility program which directed millions of dollars toward constructive charitable objectives to countries in need. In 1999, Dr. <mask> founded the Business-Humanitarian Forum (BHF) in Geneva, Switzerland. BHF is devoted to encouraging business engagement in sustainable development, and developing public-private sector projects in post-conflict and very poor countries of Asia, Africa and Southeastern Europe. And he worked as a Rector in ADA. University for Peace
In 2007 Dr. <mask> was appointed Rector of the University for Peace, and served as such until February, 2013. Headquartered in Costa Rica, the United Nations-mandated University for Peace was established in December 1980 as a Treaty Organization by the UN General Assembly. As determined in the Charter of the University, the mission of the University for Peace is: "to provide humanity with an international institution of higher education for peace with the aim of promoting among all human beings the spirit of understanding, tolerance and peaceful coexistence, to stimulate cooperation among peoples and to help lessen obstacles and threats to world peace and progress, in keeping with the noble aspirations proclaimed in the Charter of the United Nations".Ambassador <mask> has served and currently serves on a number of boards including the American University of Paris;    International Research and Exchanges Board (IREX); Search for Common Ground; National Bureau of Asian Research (NBR); Women and Public Policy Program, Kennedy School, Harvard University; Humanitarian Affairs Review; Commission for Security and Cooperation in the Persian Gulf; American-Iranian Council (AIC); Geneva Centre for Democratic Control of the Armed Forces (DCAF); AIG Silk Road Fund; ISO Senior Advisory Group on Corporate Responsibility; Commission on Business in Society of the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC); OECD Secretary General's Round Table on Corporate Social Responsibility. Publications
Books:  "To Helsinki," Duke University Press, 1985, second edition and paperback edition, 1987; "The End of the Cold War," Stanford University, 1995; "Helsinki Revisited: A Key U.S. Negotiator's Memoirs on the Development of the CSCE into the OSCE", ibidem Press, 2016; "The Unknown Peace Agreement. How the Helsinki–Geneva–Vienna–Paris Negotiations of the CSCE Produced the Final Peace Agreement and Concluded World War Two in Europe"
ibidem Press 2022. Articles: A considerable number of articles on international relations, which were published in distinguished dailies and quarterly magazines

Fiction: "The Russian Operation", Edition Noema

External links
Business-Humanitarian Forum (BHF)
United Nations mandated University for Peace (UPEACE)

Footnotes

American diplomats
American people of Italian descent
Living people
Yale University alumni
Alumni of the London School of Economics
United States Department of State officials
United States Department of Defense officials
Year of birth missing (living people)

masks:
John J
. Maresca
Maresca
John Maresca
Maresca
Joseph Luns
Maresca
Maresca
Maresca
Maresca
Maresca
Maresca
Maresca
Maresca
Maresca
Maresca


title: Lawrence Tierney

texts:
<mask> (March 15, 1919 – February 26, 2002) was an American film and television actor who is best known for his many screen portrayals of mobsters and tough guys, roles that mirrored his own frequent brushes with the law. In 2005, film critic David Kehr of The New York Times described "the hulking Tierney" as "not so much an actor as a frightening force of nature". Early life
<mask> was born in Brooklyn, New York, the son of Mary Alice (née Crowley) (1895–1960) and <mask> (1891–1964). His father was an Irish-American policeman with the New York aqueduct police force. <mask> was a star athlete at Boys' High School, winning awards for track and field and joining Omega Gamma Delta fraternity. He earned an athletic scholarship to Manhattan College but quit after two years to work temporarily as a laborer constructing a section of the 85-mile-long Delaware Aqueduct, which supplies nearly half of New York City's water supply. He then bounced around the country from job to job, working for a time as a catalogue model for Sears Roebuck & Company.Career
After an acting coach suggested he try the stage, <mask> joined the Black Friars theatre group, moving on to the American-Irish Theatre. He was spotted there in 1943 by an RKO talent scout and given a film contract. In 1943 and 1944, <mask> was cast in several uncredited roles in RKO releases such as Gildersleeve on Broadway, Government Girl, The Ghost Ship for producer Val Lewton, The Falcon Out West, Seven Days Ashore, and Youth Runs Wild, also for Lewton. Dillinger and stardom
<mask>'s breakthrough role was starring as 1930s bank robber John Dillinger in 1945's Dillinger, made for the King Brothers and Monogram Pictures, which borrowed him from RKO. Advertised as a tale "written in bullets, blood, and blondes", Dillinger was initially banned from theaters in Chicago and other cities where the gangster had operated. A low-budget production that cost $60,000 to make, Dillinger nevertheless proved popular, with Tierney being characterized as "memorably menacing". Back at RKO, <mask> resumed his work there in small and supporting roles in Those Endearing Young Charms (1945), Back to Bataan (1945) (with John Wayne in one scene), Mama Loves Papa (1946), and in the Western Badman's Territory (1946) in which he portrays Jesse James.However, as ticket sales for Dillinger continued to rise and that film's financial success became apparent at RKO, the studio promoted <mask> in 1946 to star status in Step by Step, another film noir, one that portrays an ex-Marine being falsely accused of murder. He next starred as a reformed prison inmate in the 1946 release San Quentin. The next year he was cast as the lead in two more RKO productions that have since gained cult followings among film noir enthusiasts: The Devil Thumbs a Ride directed by Felix E. Feist and the more notorious Born to Kill directed by Robert Wise. In Feist's film, <mask> plays a homicidal hitch-hiker, while under Wise's direction he portrays a suave but murderous conman. Film critic Bosley Crowther of The New York Times condemned Born to Kill upon its release in 1947, professing that it was "not only morally disgusting but an offense to a normal intellect." He decried Tierney "as the bold, bad killer whose ambition is to 'fix it so's I can spit in anybody's eye,'" being "given outrageous license to demonstrate the histrionics of nastiness." Despite such negative contemporary reviews of the film, more recent critics and film historians have expressed admiration for <mask>'s intense performance and identified the production as a quintessential example of film noir, in particular of RKO's approach to the genre.Yet, in reflecting on his career, <mask> himself maintained he did not like playing such violent roles:

Following Born to Kill, <mask> was periodically cast in more sympathetic roles. In RKO's 1948 release Bodyguard, based on a story co-written by Robert Altman and George W. George, he plays a man wrongly accused of murder. That year RKO also announced its intentions to star him in The Clay Pigeon, but Bill Williams was instead assigned the leading role. Post-RKO
In 1950, <mask> was cast by Eagle-Lion Films to star in Kill or Be Killed, directed by Max Nosseck, who had also directed Dillinger. That same year, however, <mask> only received second billing in Joseph Pevney's Shakedown, although in 1951 he returned to a starring role in another film produced by Eagle Lion and directed by Nosseck: The Hoodlum. He then returned to RKO to play a supporting role, performing again as Jesse James in Best of the Badmen (1951). After co-starring in The Bushwhackers (1952), director Cecil B. DeMille cast him as the villain who causes a train wreck in the 1952 Best Picture Oscar-winner The Greatest Show on Earth.<mask>'s supporting work in that film earned him a request by the director of Paramount Pictures to put him under contract, but that proposal was dropped by the studio when the actor was arrested for fighting in a bar. Additional supporting roles and return to the stage
For the remainder of the 1950s, <mask> continued to work in supporting roles in The Man Behind the Badge, The Steel Cage (1954), and Singing in the Dark (1956). He did share top billing with Kathleen Crowley, John Carradine, and Jayne Mansfield in the low-budget film noir Female Jungle (1956), but as offers of further screen work steadily declined, he returned to the stage, playing Duke Mantee in a touring version of The Petrified Forest alongside Franchot Tone and Betsy von Furstenberg. Television
During the 1950s and 1960s, <mask> also had guest roles in many television series, including Naked City, The Detectives, New York Confidential, Man with a Camera, Adventures in Paradise, Peter Gunn, The Barbara Stanwyck Show, Follow the Sun, Bus Stop, The Lloyd Bridges Show, and The Alfred Hitchcock Hour. Among his film roles were parts in John Cassavetes' A Child Is Waiting (1963), Naked Evil (1966), Custer of the West (1967), and Killer Without a Face (1968). After Child is Waiting he moved to France. After several years of living in France, <mask> returned to New York City, but his troubles with the law continued.In New York City, he worked as a bartender and construction worker, and drove a horse-drawn carriage in Central Park. 1970–1982
According to the book The Films of John Avildsen: Rocky, The Karate Kid and Other Underdogs, <mask> was supposed to play the role of Joe Curran in Avildsen's 1970 hit Joe but due to an incident two days before principal photography began, when he was arrested for assaulting a bartender who refused to serve him any more liquor, he was fired. During the 1970s, he occasionally found film work, appearing in a bit part as a security guard in Otto Preminger's Such Good Friends (1971), as an FBI agent in Joseph Zito's Abduction (1975), in Andy Warhol's Bad, in 1976 (which he later described as "a terrible experience—unprofessional"), as well as small roles in Cassavetes' Gloria (1980) and Zito's The Prowler (1981). He was also in The Kirlian Witness (1980), Bloodrage (1980), and Arthur (1981). He was billed second in Midnight (1982). Return to Hollywood
<mask> returned to Hollywood in December 1983, and over the next 16 years, resumed a fairly successful acting career in film and television. He guest-starred on television shows such as Remington Steele, Fame, Hunter, Hill Street Blues, L.A. Law, Star Trek: The Next Generation, Star Trek: Deep Space Nine, and The Simpsons, where former show runner Josh Weinstein called <mask>'s appearance "the craziest guest star experience we ever had".In 1984, <mask> appeared as part of a national campaign in an Excedrin TV commercial playing a construction worker. In 1985, he had a small speaking role as the chief of the New York City police in John Huston's Prizzi's Honor. Between 1985 to 1987, <mask> made several guest appearances on the last two seasons of the police drama Hill Street Blues, portraying Desk Sergeant Jenkins working the precinct's night shifts. He spoke the last line of dialogue on the series' final episode when he answered the front desk phone, uttering "Hill Street." <mask> had a more substantial supporting role as the father of protagonist Ryan O'Neal in Norman Mailer's film adaptation of his own novel Tough Guys Don't Dance (1987). He also played a baseball-bat wielding bar owner in the film adaptation of Stephen King's Silver Bullet. <mask> credited Tough Guys Don't Dance in particular with rejuvenating his acting career, and he personally ranked it as some of his best work.In 1988, <mask> played Cyrus Redblock, a tough holodeck gangster in the Star Trek: The Next Generation episode "The Big Goodbye". In February 1991, he guest-starred as Elaine Benes's gruff father Alton Benes in the Seinfeld episode "The Jacket". Reservoir Dogs
In 1991, Quentin Tarantino cast him in a supporting role as crime lord Joe Cabot in Reservoir Dogs. The success of the film bookended <mask>'s career in playing gangsters. In an homage to his first starring role, <mask> reports that one of his henchmen was "dead as Dillinger". During production, <mask>'s off-screen antics both amused and disturbed the cast and crew. At the end of his first week of directing Reservoir Dogs, Tarantino got into a fist fight with <mask> and fired him.He later referred to <mask> as "a complete lunatic" who "just needed to be sedated". Despite his reputation as a brawler and being difficult to work with, <mask> remained in steady demand as a character actor in Hollywood until he suffered a mild stroke in 1995 which made him gradually slow his career. He had suffered a previous stroke in 1982. He turned to doing voice-over work on animated features and made occasional appearances in film and television (most of which feature him only sitting) as his health slowly deteriorated until his death. One of <mask>'s later roles was an uncredited cameo appearance as Bruce Willis' invalid father in Armageddon (1998) in a short scene which ended up being deleted from the theatrical version. The same year, his long-time agent, Don Gerler, recounted Tierney's continuing troubles with the law: "A few years back [in 1994] I was still bailing him out of jail. He was 75 years old and still the toughest guy in the bar!"His final acting role was a small part in the 1999 independent film Evicted, written and directed by his nephew <mask>, after which <mask>, then age 80, retired from acting altogether. Off-screen troubles
<mask>'s numerous arrests for being drunk and disorderly and jail terms for assault on civilians and lawmen alike took a toll on his career. He was an admitted alcoholic who tried to go sober in 1982 after having a mild stroke, once observing during a 1987 interview that he "threw away about seven careers through drink". Between 1944 and 1951, <mask> was arrested over 12 times in Los Angeles for brawling, frequently for drunkenness which included ripping a public telephone off a wall in a bar, hitting a waiter in the face with a sugar bowl for refusing to serve him any more drinks, and attempting to choke a taxi driver. He was jailed for three months for brawling in May 1947 and again in June 1949 and drunkenness in January 1949 and October 1950. His legal troubles included a 90-day jail sentence which he served from August to October 1951 for breaking a New York college student's jaw during another barroom brawl. He served 66 days in the city jail in Chicago, Illinois from March to May 1952 for drunk and disorderly charges.In October 1951, he was sent to a mental hospital in Chicago after being found disheveled in a church. In New York City, he was arrested for assault and battery of a barroom pianist in August 1953 and again in October 1958 for resisting arrest and assaulting two police officers in another barroom brawl. At the time of his 1958 arrest outside a Manhattan bar, The New York Times reported that he had been arrested six times in California and five in New York City on similar charges. In January 1973, he was stabbed in a bar fight on the West Side of Manhattan. Two years later, <mask> was questioned by New York City police in connection with the apparent suicide of a 24-year-old woman who had jumped from the window of her high-rise apartment. <mask> told police "I had just gotten there, and she just went out the window." He never was arrested or charged with the young woman's death.The apparent suicide closely resembles the death of Rosa, played by Allene Roberts in the 1951 film The Hoodlum. <mask>’s Vincent Lubeck, the hoodlum of the title, is suspected of driving Rosa into throwing herself off a roof shortly after talking to Lubeck. In July 1991, during the filming of Reservoir Dogs, <mask> shot at his nephew in a drunken rage at his Hollywood apartment, and was arrested and bailed. He was released for a day from the jail to continue filming, as recounted by the film's director Quentin Tarantino in an interview. As a result, Tarantino never again worked with or hired <mask> to act in his films. Personal life and death
With much of his career and personal life repeatedly embroiled in legal problems and hampered by alcoholism, <mask> elected to never marry. He did, though, father one child; a daughter named Elizabeth who was born in 1961.Both of <mask>'s younger brothers preceded him in death, Edward dying in 1983 and Gerard (actor Scott Brady) in 1985. On February 26, 2002, at age 82, <mask> died in his sleep of pneumonia in a Los Angeles nursing home, where he had been residing for nearly two years. Selected filmography

 Gildersleeve on Broadway (1943) as Cab Driver (uncredited)
 Government Girl (1943) as FBI Man (uncredited)
 The Ghost Ship (1943) as Seaman Louie Parker (uncredited)
 The Falcon Out West (1944) as Orchestra Leader (uncredited)
 Seven Days Ashore (1944) as Crewman (uncredited)
 Youth Runs Wild (1944) as Larry Duncan
 Dillinger (1945) as John Dillinger
 Those Endearing Young Charms (1945) as Lt. Ted Brewster
 Back to Bataan (1945) as Lt. Cmdr. Waite
 Mama Loves Papa (1945) as Sharpe
 Sing Your Way Home (1945) as Reporter in Paris (uncredited)
 Badman's Territory (1946) as Jesse James
 Step By Step (1946) as Johnny Christopher
 San Quentin (1946) as Jim Roland
 The Devil Thumbs a Ride (1947) as Steve Morgan
 Born to Kill (1947) as Sam
 Bodyguard (1948) as Mike Carter
 Kill or Be Killed (1950) as Robert Warren
 Shakedown (1950) as Harry Colton
 The Hoodlum (1951) as Vincent Lubeck
 Best of the Badmen (1951) as Jesse James
 The Bushwackers (1951) as Sam Tobin
 The Greatest Show on Earth (1952) as Mr. Henderson
 The Steel Cage (1954) as Chet Harmon, a Ringleader (segment "The Hostages")
 Female Jungle (1956) as Det. Sgt. Jack Stevens
 Singing in the Dark (1956) as Biff Lamont
 A Child Is Waiting (1963) as Douglas Benham
 Naked Evil (1966) as The Doctor (U.S. version)
 Custer of the West (1967) as Gen. Philip Sheridan
 Killer Without a Face (1968)
 Such Good Friends (1971) as Hospital Guard
 Abduction (1975) as FBI Agent I
 Andy Warhol's Bad (1977) as O'Reilly-O'Crapface
 The Kirlian Witness (1979) as Detective
 Bloodrage (1980) as Malone
 Gloria (1980) as Broadway Bartender
 Arthur (1981) as Man in Coffee Shop
 The Prowler (1981) as Maj. Chatham
 Midnight (1982) as Bert Johnson
 Terrible Joe Moran (1984) as Pico
 Nothing Lasts Forever (1984) as Carriage Driver
 Prizzi's Honor (1985) as Lt. Hanley
 Silver Bullet (1985) as Owen Knopfler
 Murphy's Law (1986) as Cameron
 From a Whisper to a Scream (1987) as Warden
 Tough Guys Don't Dance (1987) as Dougy Madden
 The Naked Gun: From the Files of Police Squad! (1988) as Angel Manager
 House III: The Horror Show (1989) as Warden
 Why Me?(1990) as Armenian Robber #1
 Dillinger (1991) as Sheriff Sarber
 Wizards of the Demon Sword (1991) as Slave Master
 The Runestone (1991) as Chief Richardson
 City of Hope (1991) as Kerrigan
 The Death Merchant (1991) as Ivan Yates
 Reservoir Dogs (1992) as Joe Cabot
 Eddie Presley (1992) as Joe West
 Junior (1994) as Mover
 Starstruck (1995) as Patron
 Fatal Passion (1995) as Robert Pearlman
 2 Days in the Valley (1996) as Older Man
 American Hero (1997) as Captain Roads
 Southie (1998) as Colie Powers
 Armageddon (1998) as Eddie "Gramp" Stamper (uncredited)
 Evicted (1999) as Bob (final film role)

References

External links

 <mask> Official Website

 Todd Mecklem's Tierney tribute
 Essay on Tierney by writer Eddie Muller

1919 births
2002 deaths
Male actors from New York City
American male film actors
American male television actors
American male stage actors
RKO Pictures contract players
American people of Irish descent
People from Brooklyn
Deaths from pneumonia in California
20th-century American male actors
Boys High School (Brooklyn) alumni

masks:
Lawrence James Tierney
Lawrence James Tierney
Lawrence Hugh Tierney
Tierney
Tierney
Tierney
Tierney
Tierney
Tierney
Tierney
Tierney
Tierney
Tierney
Tierney
Tierney
Tierney
Tierney
Tierney
Tierney
Tierney
Tierney
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Tierney
Tierney
Tierney
Tierney
Tierney
Tierney
Tierney
Tierney
Tierney
Tierney
Tierney
Tierney
Michael Tierney
Lawrence Tierney
Tierney
Tierney
Tierney
Tierney
Tierney
Tierney
Tierney
Tierney
Tierney
Lawrence Tierney
Lawrence Tierney


title: César Hernández (infielder)

texts:
<mask> (pronounced SAY-zahr; born May 23, 1990) is a Venezuelan professional baseball second baseman for the Washington Nationals of Major League Baseball (MLB). He previously played for the Philadelphia Phillies, Cleveland Indians and Chicago White Sox. On July 2, 2006, the Phillies signed <mask> as an undrafted amateur free agent, at the age of 16. He made his major league debut during the 2013 season. In 2016, he led the major leagues in bunt hits, and led the National League (NL) in infield hits and triples. In 2018, he tied for the major league lead in bunt hits. Minor leagues

2007–10; Early minor league career

<mask> was born in Valencia, Carabobo, in Venezuela, where he also resides in the offseason.He attended Unidad Educativa Cabriales, where he played basketball, volleyball, and baseball. Phillies' scouts Sal Agostinelli and Jesus Mendez signed him as an amateur free agent on July 2, 2006, at age 16. <mask> began his professional career in 2007, spending his first two seasons with the Venezuelan Summer League (VSL) Phillies. That year, he hit .276./328/.436 with 8 triples (leading the league) and 7 sacrifice hits (4th) in 54 games; he committed 15 errors. In the Venezuelan Summer League again in 2008, <mask> hit .315 (8th in the league)/.412 (6th)/.426 with 6 triples (tied for the league lead) and 19 stolen bases (4th) in 60 games, reducing his error total to 8. Between his two seasons in the VSL, he made 59 starts as a second baseman and 35 starts as a shortstop. He advanced a level in 2009, joining the Gulf Coast League (GCL) Phillies, with whom he played solely second base, and hit .267/.351/.313 with 13 stolen bases (tied for 7th in the league) in 41 games.He also participated in the Florida Instructional League during the 2009 season. Hernandez's improvement earned him another promotion in 2010, when he advanced to the Williamsport Crosscutters of the New York–Penn League (NY-Penn), with whom he enjoyed significant success. He was named an NY-Penn League Mid-Season All Star, and his teammates voted him as their Most Valuable Player (MVP). In 2010, he hit .325 (5th in the league)/.390/.392, including .391 against left-handed pitchers, and added 32 stolen bases (2nd in the league). After the season, he played in the Venezuelan Winter League as a member of the Bravos de Margarita, the first of several seasons after which he would return home and continue to play baseball. 2011–12; Upper levels of the minor leagues
Entering the 2011 season, Baseball America ranked <mask> the Phillies 14th-best prospect. John Sickels, a minor league baseball analyst for SBNation.com, noted that, entering the 2011 season, <mask> was an "overlooked" prospect with upper-echelon speed.In 2011, he played for the Clearwater Threshers, the Phillies' affiliate in Class A-Advanced, and hit .268/.306/.333, with 4 home runs and 37 runs batted in (RBIs). It was the first season during which he played in more than 100 games, appearing in 119, all at second base. In 2012, he split time between the Reading Phillies and Lehigh Valley IronPigs, the Phillies Double-A (AA) and Triple-A (AAA) affiliates respectively. With Reading, he tied for the league lead in triples, with 11, and was second in the league in sacrifice hits, with 10. He combined to hit .291/.329/.404 with 2 home runs and 57 RBIs, stealing 21 bases. He was an Eastern League mid-season and post-season All Star for his performance with Reading, earning his call-up to Lehigh Valley in August. Baseball America ranked him the Phillies best defensive infielder after the 2012 season, and MiLB.com named him a Philadelphia Organization All Star.Major leagues

Philadelphia Phillies

2013–2014

<mask> began the 2013 season in AAA, but in May, Michael Young was placed on bereavement leave, and <mask> was promoted to the major leagues to fill Young's roster spot. On May 29, he made his debut, pinch hitting for Antonio Bastardo. Shortly after, he was optioned to the AAA Lehigh Valley IronPigs, with whom he was named to the International League mid-season and post-season All-Star teams, as he batted .309 (3rd in the league)/.375/.402, led the league in triples (9), and was 4th in the league in stolen bases (32). He was the International League Batter of the Week on July 7. In July, when Ben Revere sustained an injury, he was converted to a center fielder, a conversion he made quickly and effectively, garnering a call-up to the big leagues, as he was a "pleasant surprise". His manager, Dave Brundage, commented, "He's done very well offensively and now they're trying to see if we can create a spot or find a spot and see if it's a fit or not." MiLB.com named him a Philadelphia Organization All Star.While with the big-league club, <mask> played in 34 games, batting .289/.344/.331 to go along with 10 RBIs. After the season, <mask> traveled to his native Venezuela to play for the Venezuelan Winter League Bravos de Margarita, with whom he hit .254/.318/.347, with 2 home runs and 15 RBIs. He stopped playing prior to the end of the season to rest prior to Phillies spring training. He had played with Bravos de Margarita in the winters since the 2010 season. Entering the 2014 season, <mask> drew comparisons to fellow reserve Freddy Galvis. While Galvis could play shortstop and had experience in the corner outfield positions, <mask> could play center field and was a natural second baseman, and with Chase Utley's frequent injuries, <mask> would likely see time there. Both players were expected to see significant time with the big-league team, predominantly due to the established core – players such as Utley, Ryan Howard, and Jimmy Rollins – being relatively old (in 2013, the Phillies average age was 28.4, the third-oldest in the Major Leagues) and injury-prone over the preceding several seasons, leaving ample playing time for replacements such as <mask>, especially considering the fact that he would be able to continue his development in the minor leagues after MLB granted the Phillies a fourth option year, essentially meaning that they could keep him in the minor leagues during the season without him having to clear waivers.Ultimately, he began the season on the major league roster, but was sent down to Reading (AA) in April to focus on honing his defensive skills at third base and shortstop. In 2014 with the Phillies, he batted .237/.290/.281 with one home run, four RBIs, and one stolen base. In 2014 between Reading and Lehigh Valley, he batted .290/.358/.394	with 3 home runs, 24 RBIs, and 8 stolen bases. 2015–2017
Entering 2015, analysts doubted his future with the major league club out of spring training, as several attempts to broaden <mask>'s defensive versatility had failed. After Chase Utley was injured, <mask> saw more playing time at second base and performed well enough that he was named starting second baseman even upon Utley's return, and eventually Utley was traded. <mask> ended up being a "highlight in an otherwise pathetic showing" for the Phillies, who finished with 99 losses on the season. <mask> had a 12-game hitting streak from June 26 to July 7, 2015.He batted .272/.339/.348 with one home run, 35 RBIs, and 19 stolen bases, and tied for 5th in the NL in bunt hits (7), for 6th in sacrifice hits (4), and for 9th in infield hits (22). Most anticipated <mask> would start at second base on Opening Day in 2016, not necessarily because he was exceedingly good, but because there was no one else to replace him, and on a rebuilding club, an upgrade was not a high priority. In 2016, he batted .294/.371/.393 with 6 home runs, 39 RBIs, and 17 stolen bases. <mask> led the major leagues in bunt hits, with 15 (the most by any Phillie since Larry Bowa also had 15, in 1975), and led the National League in infield hits (34) and triples (11), as he was tied for 6th in the league in sacrifice hits (6). On defense, he led NL second basemen in double plays turned, with 102. <mask> began the Phillies' 2017 season by hitting a leadoff home run on Opening Day, April 3, at Cincinnati. He was the first Phillie to hit a leadoff homer on Opening Day since Heinie Mueller in 1938, and the first in the majors since Alfonso Soriano in 2009.In 2017, he batted .294/.373/.421 with a career-high 26 doubles, 9 home runs, 34 RBIs, and 15 stolen bases. <mask> was 2nd in the NL in infield hits (35) and bunt hits (9), and tied for 6th in triples (6). 2018–2019
In 2018, he fouled a pitch off his right foot in early July, breaking it, but played with a broken foot for much of the second half of the season as his injury wasn't serious enough to require surgery. <mask> played all but one game during the season. In 2018, <mask> batted .253/.356/.362 with a career-high 95 walks (5th in the NL), 91 runs, 15 home runs, 60 RBIs, and 19 stolen bases. He led the majors in total pitches faced (3,009), and walks when leading off an inning (33), tied for the major league lead in bunt hits (8), was 2nd in the National League in plate appearances (708), 3rd in infield hits (26), 4th in pitches/plate appearance (4.25), 6th in games played (161), and 9th in strikeouts (155) and times on base (252). He had the fastest baserunning sprint speed of all major league second basemen, at 29.2 feet/second.On defense, he led all NL second basemen in errors, with 12. His broken foot later healed. In January 2019, <mask> agreed to a one-year, $7.75 million contract with the Phillies. In 2019, <mask> batted .279/.333/.408 in 161 games (2nd in the National League) with 612 at bats (7th), 45 walks, 77 runs, 123 singles (2nd), a career-high 31 doubles, 14 home runs, 71 RBIs, and 9 stolen bases, and led the NL in infield hits (22). On December 2, 2019, he was non-tendered by the Phillies, making him a free agent. Cleveland Indians

On December 29, 2019, <mask> signed a one-year contract with the Cleveland Indians. Overall with the 2020 Cleveland Indians, <mask> batted .283/.355/.408 with a league-leading 20 doubles, three home runs, and 20 RBIs in 58 games.He also earned his first career Gold Glove Award after finishing second among American League second basemen in defensive runs saved and posting a .981 fielding percentage. <mask> became a free agent following the 2020 season. On January 29, 2021, <mask> re-signed with the Indians on a one-year, $5 million contract with a club option for the 2022 season. In 96 games for the Indians in 2021, <mask> hit .231 with 18 home runs and 47 RBI's. Chicago White Sox
On July 29, 2021, <mask> was traded to the Chicago White Sox in exchange for pitcher Konnor Pilkington. He immediately took on the role of the team's new everyday second baseman, rarely sitting out a game. On August 6, he hit his first White Sox home run off of Kyle Ryan of the Chicago Cubs.On September 23, during the same game in which the White Sox clinched the American League Central division title, he went 3-for-3, with one of his hits being the 1000th in his Major League career. Washington Nationals
On November 30, 2021, <mask> signed a one-year contract with the Washington Nationals. Personal
Especially while he was in the minor leagues, <mask> spoke predominantly Spanish, and was uncomfortable speaking English with those he did not know well. As of January 2019, he knew some English but spoke almost entirely in Spanish. <mask> is married to Gabriela Altuve, and has two children, the first born in 2014 and the second in 2020. See also
 List of Major League Baseball players from Venezuela

References

External links

<mask> at SABR (Baseball BioProject)
<mask> at Pura Pelota (Venezuelan Professional Baseball League)

1990 births
Living people
Bravos de Margarita players
Chicago White Sox players
Clearwater Threshers players
Cleveland Indians players
Florida Complex League Phillies players
Lehigh Valley IronPigs players
Major League Baseball players from Venezuela
Major League Baseball outfielders
Major League Baseball second basemen
Major League Baseball shortstops
Major League Baseball third basemen
Philadelphia Phillies players
Reading Fightin Phils players
Reading Phillies players
Sportspeople from Valencia, Carabobo
Venezuelan expatriate baseball players in the United States
Venezuelan Summer League Phillies players
Williamsport Crosscutters players

masks:
César Augusto Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
Hernández
César Hernández
César Hernández


title: Richard N. Frye

texts:
<mask> (January 10, 1920 – March 27, 2014) was an American scholar of Iranian and Central Asian studies, and Aga Khan Professor Emeritus of Iranian Studies at Harvard University. His professional areas of interest were Iranian philology and the history of Iran and Central Asia before 1000 CE. Born in Birmingham, Alabama, to a family of immigrants from Sweden, "Freij" had four children, his second marriage being to an Iranian-Assyrian scholar, <mask>, from Urmia, Iran who teaches at Columbia University. He spoke fluent Russian, German, Arabic, Persian, Pashto, French, Uzbek, and Turkish, and had extensive knowledge of Avestan, Pahlavi, Sogdian, and other Iranian languages and dialects, both extinct and current. Although Frye is mostly known for his works about Iran, the Iranian peoples and Iranian Central Asia, the scope of his studies was much wider and includes Byzantine, Caucasian, and Ottoman history, Eastern Turkistan, Assyria and the Assyrian people, ancient and medieval Iranian art, Islamic art, Sufism, Chinese and Japanese archeology, and a variety of Iranian and non-Iranian languages including Avestan, Old Persian, Middle Persian, Parthian, Sogdian, Khotanese, and Bactrian, New Persian, Arabic, Turkish, and even Chinese, beside research languages which include French, German, Italian, and Russian. Early life and career
<mask> was born in Birmingham, Alabama. He first attended the University of Illinois, where he received a BA in history and philosophy in 1939.He received his MA from Harvard University in 1940 and his PhD from Harvard in 1946, in Asiatic history. Frye served with the Office of Strategic Services during World War II. He was stationed in Afghanistan and traveled extensively in the Middle East, Central Asia, and South Asia. In 1948 he visited Sar Masshad, and was the first European to find and report the existence of the Gur-e Dokhtar tomb (meaning "Tomb of the Maiden" in Persian). He returned to Harvard to teach. He was a member of the Harvard faculty from 1948 until 1990. He then became a professor emeritus at Harvard.He also served as faculty, guest lecturer, or visiting scholar at:
 Habibiya College in Kabul (1942–44)
 Frankfurt University (1959–60)
 Hamburg University (1968–69)
 Pahlavi University of Shiraz (1970–76)
 University of Tajikistan (1990–92). Professor Frye helped found the Center for Middle Eastern Studies at Harvard, the first Iranian studies program in America. He also served as Director of the Asia Institute in Shiraz (1970–1975), was on the Board of Trustees of the Pahlavi University at Shiraz (1974–78), and Chairman, Committee on Inner Asian Studies, at Harvard (1983–89), and as Editor of the Bulletin of the Asia Institute (1970–1975 and 1987–99). Among Frye's students were Annemarie Schimmel, Oleg Grabar, Frank Huddle (former US Ambassador to Tajikistan), John Limbert, and Michael Crichton, whose Hollywood film The 13th Warrior is loosely based on Frye's translation of Ibn Fadlan's account of his travels up the river Volga. Frye was also directly responsible for inviting Iranian scholars as distinguished visiting fellows to Harvard University, under a fellowship program initiated by Henry Kissinger. Examples of such guests include Mehdi Haeri Yazdi (1923–1999), Sadegh Choubak, Jalal al Ahmad, and others. Frye as a proponent of Persian culture

Frye felt that Persian civilization was under-appreciated by other Muslims, and Arab Muslims in particular.Frye wrote:

In August 1953, shortly before the fall of Mosaddegh, prominent Iranian linguist Ali Akbar Dehkhoda gave Frye the title: "Irandoost" (meaning "a friend of Iran"). In addition, Frye was a long standing supporter of Assyrian continuity; the historical and ancestral connection between modern Assyrians and the Ancient Mesopotamians. A ceremony was held in Iran on June 27, 2004 to pay tribute to the six-decade endeavors of Professor <mask> on his lifetime contribution to Iranian Studies, research work on the Persian language, and the history and culture of Iran. In his will, Professor Frye expressed his wish to be buried next to the Zayandeh River in Isfahan. This request was approved by Iranian president Mahmoud Ahmadinejad in September 2007. Two other American scholars of Iranian Studies, Arthur Pope and Phyllis Ackerman, are already buried there. In 2010 the Iranian government gave a house in Isfahan to Professor <mask> in recognition of his services to Iranian studies.On June 8, 2014, the family of Dr. Frye decided to cremate his remains after waiting more than 2 months for official Iranian permission to bury him in Isfahan. His death coincided with growing resentment by Iranian hard-liners over signs of reconciliation with the United States after decades of estrangement. It is not clear what the family intended to do with his ashes. Frye as a public speaker
Frye was a popular public speaker at numerous Iran-related gatherings. In 2005, he spoke at UCLA, encouraging the Iranians present to cherish their culture and identity. In 2004, he spoke at an architectural conference in Tehran, expressing his dismay at hasty modernization that ignores the beauties of traditional Iranian architectural styles (see Architecture of Tehran). Bibliography
 Notes on the Early Coinage of Transoxania; Numismatic Notes, 113, American Numismatic Association, New York 1949
 The Near East and the Great Powers, Harvard University Press, 1951
 Iran, George Allen and Unwin, London, 1960
 The Heritage of Persia: The pre-Islamic History of One of the World's Great Civilizations, World Publishing Company, New York, 1963.Reprinted by Mazda Publishers, 2004. www.mazdapublishers.com
 Bukhara: The Medieval Achievement, University of Oklahoma Press, 1965. Reprinted by Mazda Publishers, 1997. www.mazdapublishers.com
 The Histories of Nishapur, Harvard University Press, (Harvard Oriental Series, 45) 1965
 Corpus Inscriptionum Iranicarum, vol. III, Dura-Europos, London, 1968
 Persia (3rd edition) Allen and Unwin, London, 1969
 The United States and Turkey and Iran, Archon Books, 1971
 Sasanian Remains from Qasr-i Abu Nasr. Seals, Sealings, and Coins, Harvard University Press, 1973
 Neue Methodologie in der Iranistik, Wiesbaden, 1974
 The Golden Age Of Persia: The Arabs in the East, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, London, 1988

 The heritage of Central Asia from antiquity to the Turkish expansion Markus Wiener, Princeton, 1996

 Greater Iran, Mazda Publishers, 2005,
 Ibn Fadlan's Journey To Russia, 2005, Markus Wiener Publisher,

See also
 Famous Americans in Iran
 Iranistics

 Other notable scholars of Iranian studies
 Mehrdad Bahar
 Mary Boyce
 Roman Ghirshman
 Michael Roaf
 James R. Russell
 Erich Schmidt
 Alireza Shapour Shahbazi
 David Stronach
 Ahmad Tafazzoli
 Ehsan Yarshater
 Abdolhossein Zarrinkoub

References

External links
Iranians pay tribute to <mask> <mask>, Mehr News Agency, July 5, 2004. Waghmar, Burzine. Obituary: <mask> <mask> (1920–2014). Societas Iranologica Europaea .Professor <mask>, a great American Iranologist wills to be buried in Iran another
Dr. Frye's statements at UCLA in March 2005
Photos of Dr. Frye's lecture at UCLA, March 13, 2005
Dr. Frye criticized the architectural development of modern Tehran. Excerpts from The Greater Iran: A 20th-Century Odyssey, the memoirs of R. N. Frye
Dr. Frye's page at the Iran Heritage website
Dr. Frye's page at the Vohuman.org
Former President of Iran Mr. Khatami praised Dr. <mask>
<mask>, R. N. Reforms of Khosrow Anoushirvan, the Sasanian Shahanshah of Iran, The History of Ancient Iran, 1983. Syria and Assyria
Cover story on Dr. Frye in OCPC magazine
Frye, R. N. "Ethnic Identity in Iran." 2002. Prof. <mask>’s Memoirs in Persian

American historians
American Iranologists
American Turkologists
American people of Swedish descent
University of Illinois alumni
Harvard Graduate School of Arts and Sciences alumni
Harvard University faculty
Iranologists
People of the Office of Strategic Services
Shiraz University faculty
1920 births
2014 deaths
Farabi International Award recipients
Zoroastrian studies scholars
American expatriates in Afghanistan
American expatriates in Iran
American expatriates in Germany
American expatriates in Tajikistan

masks:
Richard Nelson Frye
Eden Naby
Frye
Frye
Frye
Richard Nelson
Frye
Richard Nelson
Frye
Frye
Frye
Frye
Richard Frye


title: Shomi Patwary

texts:
<mask> (born February 20, 1982 in Dhaka, Bangladesh) is a Bangladeshi American filmmaker, and co-founder of the creative collective Illusive Media. <mask> currently runs a production company with his wife Punom Patwary based out of New York City. Illusive Media
While a student at Old Dominion University Patwary co-created the multimedia  artists collective, Illusive Media, with his lifelong friend and classmate Philip Ly. Initially the group began creating a web presence for underground artists, but later helped national acts like Sean Paul and N*E*R*D create an image that connected with a broader fan base. As websites like MySpace began to lose its grip in the internet and bloggers became the dominant source of information, <mask> and Illusive Media began directing Music Videos giving bloggers exclusive content to certain artists. Through Illusive Media, <mask> has directed music videos for several artists, most notably A$AP Mob & Clipse. <mask>y with Illusive Media has directed videos for: Lupe Fiasco, Major Lazer, ASAP Rocky, Mark Ronson, Joey Badass as well as many others.<mask> is known for his guerrilla style of directing and editing often shooting, editing and releasing a complete project on the fly over a few days time. This allowed Illusive Media to remain more of an artists collective rather than a for-profit business making just enough money to keep the lights on  and thus attracting attention from top musicians and record industry executives across the globe. Through Illusive Media, Patwary is also widely respected for often taking into account a musician's image and artistic input and putting his own spin on the project creating a truly collaborative process. He is often credited alongside other Illusive Media artistic collaborators such as Phil Ly (co-director), Abe Vilchez-Moran (Director), Robert Elliot Simmons (Special Effects), Tashfiq Patwary (Producer), Charley Feher (Videographer Designer), Paolo Obcemane (Videographer/Photographer/Video Editor) and Jay McCord (Producer/Director/Actor). <mask>'s younger brother, Tashfiq, is a member of the VERYRVRE production team which has produced tracks for the hip hop collective A$AP Mob and Santigold. The most notable music video directed by Shomi is Lupe Fiasco's "I'm Beamin"  with critical acclaim from numerous critics including the New York Post, which called the "Lupe Fiasco 'I'm Beamin' video a breath of fresh air". The 2011 MTV Movie Awards listed the video as #4 on its "Best Of" playlist.Haiti earthquake
After the 2010 Haiti earthquake <mask> teamed up with Robert Simmons, Jay McCord, Kenna, Lupe Fiasco, and Mike Shinoda on the "Resurrection" music video to promote the "Music For Relief". The song was written and the music video was directed for free with all proceeds going to aid the Haiti disaster through Music for Relief. KarmaloopTV & the FADER
In April 2012, <mask> was brought on board as an in-house music video director and television producer by Karmaloop.com's TV division. <mask> has worked with KarmaloopTV to help build the television and music video brand and tie it in with the online retail giant's streetwear image. KarmaloopTV created a new division known as Karmaloop Media during the summer of 2012 Since taking the helm at Karmaloop, Patwary has shot videos for Beyoncé, ASAP Rocky, Diplo, Stalley, Wale, No Malice of the Clipse, and A-Trak. In 2014, <mask> left his appointment with Karmaloop to join the editorial team at the FADER magazine. With the FADER he will oversee all video production as Senior Video Producer.2016 Much Music Award nominations
<mask> <mask> was nominated in several categories in 2016's Much Music Awards for Belly's video  "Might Not" featuring The Weeknd. Video of the Year
 Alessia Cara, "Here," Directed by Aaron A. Charli XCX, Tinashe - Drop That Kitty
Mark Ronson feat. Keyone Starr - I Can't Lose
Keith Ape feat. Waka Flocka, Father, A$AP Ferg - IT G MA (Remix)
Goldlink - Sober Thoughts
Belly ft. The Weeknd - Might Not

2016
Pusha T - ft. A$AP Rocky, The-Dream - M.P.A.

masks:
Shomi Patwary
Shomi
Shomi
Shomi
Shomi Patwar
Shomi
Shomi
Shomi
Shomi
Shomi
Shomi
Shomi
Patwary


title: Philip Watts

texts:
<mask>  (born 25 June 1945) is a former chairman of the multinational energy company Shell and a priest in the Church of England. Early life

<mask> was born on 25 June 1945 in Leicester and grew up in the Midlands where his father worked in the textile industry. He attended the Wyggeston and Dixie grammar schools in Leicestershire and the University of Leeds where he studied physics, graduating as BSc in 1968. After university he taught briefly in Sierra Leone before returning to Leeds to study for a master's degree in geophysics (MA). In 1969 <mask> joined Shell for whom he worked until 2004. In October 2012, he was appointed priest-in-charge of Waltham St Lawrence parish church. Shell career
1969–1983; Seismologist
1983–1987; Exploration director, Shell UK
1987–1991; Various in Shell's production liaison and planning operations
1991–1994; managing director, Shell Nigeria
1994–1995; Regional coordinator, Shell Europe
1995–1998; Director for "Strategic Planning, Sustainable Development, and External Affairs", Shell International
1998–2001; managing director, and CEO Exploration and Production Division
2001–2004; Chairman

Nigeria
During <mask>'s tenure as managing director of Shell Nigeria in the early 1990s a major area of exploration in the country was the oil-rich Niger River delta and here Shell came into conflict with the Ogoni people.The conflict with the Ogonis eventually culminated in the execution by the Nigerian regime of activist Ken Saro-Wiwa. In 2002 a class action lawsuit was filed by the Philadelphia law firm of Berger & Montague alleging that Shell "engaged in militarized commerce in a conspiracy with the former military government of Nigeria…purchasing ammunition and using its helicopters and boats and providing logistical support for … a military foray into Ogoniland designed to terrorize the civilian population into ending peaceful protests." Shell dismissed the allegations as "groundless", but <mask> was questioned in London by representatives of Berger & Montague in mid-April 2004 although he was not named a defendant in the lawsuit, which was brought solely against the company. Business reputation
<mask> succeeded Sir Mark Moody-Stuart in mid-2001 as chairman of Shell's "Committee of Managing Directors". Within Shell this appointment was greeted with some surprise as the seemingly abrasive <mask> was a contrast with his patrician predecessor. Externally the appointment was at first welcomed as a sign that Shell was going to move aggressively to reduce costs, however <mask> soon fell into disfavour with Shell's institutional investors, in large part because he was seen as aloof and uncommunicative. This unpopularity was reflected inside Shell where many were privately critical of his aggressive form of management and poor communications style.His devotion to Shell could not be faulted and he wore a ring on his right hand which had been engraved with the Shell symbol, the pecten. Delivering the keynote address at the opening of the Shell Centre for Sustainability at Houston's Rice University in March 2003, <mask> spoke out forcefully in favour of Sustainable Development. Later that year he was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II for "services to British business and to the World Business Council for Sustainable Development", which he served as chairman. Reserves
Less than three years after taking over the chairmanship <mask> was swept out of office in early 2004 by revelations that the company had overstated its proved oil and gas reserves by nearly 25 percent. On 9 January 2004, Shell announced that it was cutting its estimate of proven oil and gas reserves by roughly 3.9 billion barrels, close to 20 percent of total reserves. Investors began calling for <mask> to resign. Reports surfaced of internal memoranda addressed to many of Shell's senior executives months earlier discussing the possibility that the company's proven reserves had been overestimated.<mask> had stated that he had not been informed that there might be a need to restate reserves until late in 2003. During 2003, increasingly fractious e-mails from Walter van de Vijver, <mask>' successor as CEO of Shell Exploration and Production, made it clear that senior executives had been discussing the issues around reserves for some time. In an appearance in front of around 1,000 staff in Shell Centre's sports hall in January 2004, <mask> stated that he had been informed of the problem in late 2003 and that his first response had been to write down on a piece of paper that he (and, by implication, Shell) should 'get the facts and do the right thing.' In April 2004, the US law firm of Davis Polk & Wardwell released a report on its review of Shell's reserves overbooking crisis. The report alleged that top company executives, including <mask>, had known about the reserves shortfall since early 2002. As a result of the Davis Polk Report, the Board asked <mask> to resign. <mask> (who had consistently said that he had "...acted properly and in good faith at all times") was investigated by the UK Financial Services Authority (FSA) about his role in relation to the recategorisation of the company's hydrocarbon reserves.In November 2005 the FSA announced that it had "closed its inquiries" when its  "Regulatory Decisions Committee," decided that the regulator should take no action. <mask> had earlier been refused permission to proceed with a counter action against the FSA by the "Financial Services and Markets Tribunal" when he filed an action seeking to show that the FSA had unfairly prejudiced him in statements made in its settlement with Shell that appeared to condone the findings in the Davis Polk report. <mask> was also investigated by the US Justice Department and the Securities and Exchange Commission for allegedly misleading the stock market by allowing the overstated reserves figures to stand. These investigations are now closed with "no case to answer." The Securities and Exchange Commission has proposed new regulations regarding the accounting of oil reserves that, according to a Dow Jones article  may serve to vindicate <mask>, since the proposed changes involve changing many of the SEC proved reserves criteria that prompted Shell's large debooking. Retirement

<mask> and his wife live at Binfield, Berkshire, where he serves as a curate after his ordination as a priest in 2011. Styles
 Mr <mask> (1945–2004)
 Sir <mask> KCMG (2004–11)
 The Revd Sir <mask> KCMG (2011–present)

References

1945 births
Living people
People from Leicester
British businesspeople
British seismologists
People educated at Wyggeston Grammar School for Boys
Shell plc people
Knights Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George
People from Binfield
21st-century English Anglican priests
Chief Executive Officers of Royal Dutch Shell
Recipients of the Presidential Medal of Merit (Philippines)

masks:
Sir Philip Beverley Watts
Watts
Watts
Watts
Watts
Watts
Watts
Watts
Watts
Watts
Watts
Watts
Watts
Watts
Watts
Watts
Watts
Watts
Watts
Watts
Watts
Philip Watts
Philip Watts
Philip Watts


title: Drew Pearson (American football)

texts:
<mask> (born January 12, 1951) is an American former professional football player, who was a wide receiver in the National Football League (NFL) for the Dallas Cowboys. He played college football for the Tulsa Golden Hurricane. He was elected for induction into the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 2021. Early years
<mask> was born and raised in South River, New Jersey, and began his football career at South River High School as one of the wide receivers of Joe Theismann. As a junior, he succeeded Theismann as the starting quarterback. He also lettered in baseball and basketball, graduating in 1969. He accepted a football scholarship from the University of Tulsa.He started four games at quarterback as a sophomore for the Golden Hurricane. The next year was converted into a wide receiver, registering 22 receptions for 429 yards and 3 touchdowns. As a senior, he led a run-oriented offense with 33 receptions for 690 yards and 5 touchdowns. He finished his college career with 55 receptions for 1,119 yards, 8 touchdowns and a 20.3 yard average per reception. In 1985, he was inducted into the Tulsa Athletics Hall of Fame. Professional career
In 1973, he was signed as an undrafted free agent by the Dallas Cowboys and made the team as a third-team wide receiver because of his special teams play. As a rookie, he replaced Otto Stowe after Stowe suffered a broken ankle in the seventh game of the season against the Philadelphia Eagles, and his backup Mike Montgomery would also fall to injury in the next game.He appeared in 14 games with 6 starts, making 22 receptions for 388 yards and 2 touchdowns. In 1974, Stowe asked to be traded and <mask> became the full-time starter opposite Golden Richards. He led the team with 62 receptions and 1,087 yards, while also catching 2 touchdowns. He would keep leading the team in receiving until 1978, when Tony Hill took over the number one role at wide receiver. In 1979, he and Tony Hill—along with Tony Dorsett—helped the Cowboys become the first team in NFL history to have two 1,000-yards wide receivers and a 1,000-yard running back, when he recorded 55 receptions, 1,026 yards and 8 touchdowns. <mask> and Hill also became the first wide receiver tandem in Cowboys history to record 1,000-yard receiving seasons in the same year. In 1980, he surpassed Bob Hayes' club mark in receptions and was selected by the Cowboys as their nominee for NFL Man of the Year.In the 1981 NFC Championship Game against the San Francisco 49ers, <mask> almost rendered "The Catch" irrelevant when, in the waning moments of the game, he caught a long pass from Danny White that would've gone for a touchdown and won the game for the Cowboys had 49ers cornerback Eric Wright not made a one-handed horse-collar tackle, stopping him just outside field-goal range (White fumbled on the next play, thus preserving victory for the 49ers and putting them in Super Bowl XVI). In 1983, he passed Hayes as the franchise leader in receiving yards. In March 1984, <mask> fell asleep while driving his Dodge Daytona, causing a crash against a parked tractor-trailer. <mask> sustained a career-ending liver injury in the accident, and his brother Carey was killed in the crash. <mask> helped the Cowboys to three Super Bowl appearances and a victory in Super Bowl XII in 1978. He also scored a touchdown in Super Bowl X. <mask> was known as "Mr. Clutch" for his numerous clutch catches in game-winning situations, especially the Hail Mary reception from Roger Staubach that sealed the victory over the Vikings in a 1975 playoff game, one of the most infamous plays in NFL history.He also caught the game-sealing touchdown in a 1973 playoff game against the Los Angeles Rams and the game-winning touchdown pass from reserve quarterback Clint Longley in the 1974 Thanksgiving game against the Washington Redskins. All three plays were named among the Top 75 plays in NFL history by NFL Films in 1994. <mask> figured prominently in a fourth play on that list, throwing the final block to clear Tony Dorsett's path to the end zone on his 99-yard touchdown run in 1983. In addition in the 1980 playoff game at Atlanta, <mask>'s clutch receptions helped win that game in a comeback by the Cowboys. He rose to become one of the NFL's greatest wide receivers, earning career records of 489 receptions and 7,822 receiving yards, along with 189 rushing yards, 155 yards returning kickoffs, and 50 touchdowns (48 receiving and two fumble recoveries). <mask> was named one of the Top 20 Pro Football All-Time wide receivers, he was also recognized for his achievements by being named to the NFL 1970s All-Decade Team. Despite this fact, he was the only player from the team to not be inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame at the time, including the only one from the offensive first team category.<mask> was named All-Pro three times (1974, 1976–77) All-NFC in 1975 and second Team All-NFC in 1978. In addition, <mask> was a Pro Bowler in 1974, 1976 and 1977. He was named The Football Digest NFL receiver of the year in 1977. He led the National Football Conference (NFC) in pass receptions in 1976 with 58. He served as offensive captain for the Cowboys in 1977, 1978, 1982 and 1983. In 1984, he was named to the Dallas Cowboys' 25th anniversary team. In 2009, on the NFL Network show "NFL's Top 10", in the episode titled "Greatest Dallas Cowboys", he is number 10 on the list, although the update in 2016 where <mask> was not on the list and was replaced by Randy White as #10 as well.On August 19, 2011, Cowboys owner Jerry Jones announced that <mask> had been selected for inclusion into the Dallas Cowboys Ring of Honor. <mask>, Charles Haley and Larry Allen were inducted during the half-time show of the Cowboys-Seahawks game on November 6, 2011. The Professional Football Researchers Association named <mask> to the PFRA Hall of Very Good Class of 2010. <mask> was named as a senior finalist for the Pro Football Hall of Fame in the Class of 2020 as a part of its "Centenial Slate" of 20 senior finalists. However, he fell just shy of getting inducted. The following year, he was named the lone senior finalist for the class of 2021. On February 6, 2021, <mask> was named to the 2021 Pro Football Hall of Fame class and his bust was sculpted by Scott Myers.After the NFL
On April 28, 2017, <mask> was selected to announce a pick at the 2017 NFL Draft, which took place at Philadelphia. Amidst boos from the Eagles fans in attendance, he let out a dramatic speech, and announced Chidobe Awuzie as the 60th pick for the Cowboys. References

External links

 <mask> Cowboys Ring of Honor
 Dallas Cowboys Top 50 players

1951 births
Living people
People from South River, New Jersey
Players of American football from New Jersey
Sportspeople from Middlesex County, New Jersey
African-American players of American football
American football quarterbacks
American football wide receivers
Tulsa Golden Hurricane football players
Dallas Cowboys players
Dallas Texans (Arena) coaches
Dallas Cowboys coaches
National Conference Pro Bowl players
African-American coaches of American football
National Football League announcers
21st-century African-American people
20th-century African-American sportspeople

masks:
Drew Pearson
Pearson
Pearson
Pearson
Pearson
Pearson
Pearson
Pearson
Pearson
Pearson
Pearson
Pearson
Pearson
Pearson
Drew
Pearson
Pearson
Pearson
Pearson
Pearson
Pearson
Drew Pearson


title: Daisy Marchisotti

texts:
<mask> (née Iriving) (28 September 1904 – 1987) was an Australian social and political activist whose commitment to Indigenous rights saw her remain an active member of the political community up until her death in 1987. She is known for her communist affiliations and was an active member of the Communist Party of Australia. Biography

Marchisotti graduated from Macedon Elementary School in her hometown of Melbourne in 1918. Marchisotti demonstrated a wide range of interests from a very young age, authoring personal diaries and learning music. Marchisotti had achieved a grade four in theory of music in 1925 at the age of 21 years. In 1934, by the time she was 30 years old, she graduated from the University of Melbourne although details about her final qualification are unclear. Marchisotti was passionate about public affairs.She worked voluntarily for the Civil Defence Organization of Melbourne during the period of national emergency during World War II. In addition, she qualified in First Aid and Injuries and Air Raid Precautions which were certified by the St. John Ambulance Association and the Victorian State Emergency Council respectively. Marchisotti developed an interest in left-wing politics in the 1940s and became an active member among many social movements. She had previously worked as a stenographer and typist from 1926, up until 1948. During this time, she advanced her interest in social equality, eventually becoming a member of the Communist Party of Australia (CPA) in 1951, resigning from a better-paying office job. After moving to Brisbane Marchisotti met <mask>; the couple married on 10 November 1949. The case for Equal Pay in Australia was one of Marchisotti's most notable achievements as a social activist.Despite proving ultimately unsuccessful, Marchisotti had prepared a thorough case and media at the time were taken aback at her ability to present convincing evidence and arguments. In 1964, Marchisotti became a member of the CPA women's delegation to the Soviet Union. Marchisotti also took an active interest in Indigenous affairs and was involved with the Queensland sub-branch of the Federal Council for the Advancement of Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders (FCAATSI). She edited the Federal Council's newsletter and wrote articles on Indigenous issues for both FCAATSI and the CPA. On 7 October 1982, Marchisotti participated in a street march to expose issues of racism in the 1982 Commonwealth Games. More than 200 people were arrested, including Marchisotti. Communist Party of Australia

The CPA was founded in Sydney in October 1920, by a group of socialists inspired by the reports of revolution coming out of the USSR at the time.The CPA aimed to introduce many of the same ideologies to Australian politics. While the party remained relatively minor in terms of challenging Australia's political landscape, it did register significant influence in the formation of trade unions. In 1922 the CPA became affiliated with the Communist International, an organisation that rejected colonialism and imperialism, instead championing the rights of minorities. For the CPA, transferring this ideology to an Australian context meant the struggles of the Australian Indigenous community became a specific area of interest. The struggles of the Indigenous community was a cause to which Marchisotti dedicated most of her working life. It is unsurprising then that Marchisotti had been a long time sympathiser with the communist movement in Australia before officially joining the CPA in 1941. Her commitment to the party and its approach to politics is one of the few aspects of Marchisotti's professional life that is reasonably well documented however there is little substantive evidence of the specifics of her work for the party.It is clear however that most of her work was related to the fight for equality for Indigenous Australians. <mask>'s involvement with the CPA also gave her the opportunity to participate in feminist-driven campaigns that were aimed at improving the lived experiences of women, whether that be in the home or work place. “I hate capitalism… Look at the tortures throughout the world… Sometimes I lay awake at night worrying about some injustices. In the morning I have to act in some way. If you have any humanity in you, you must do something.”. Equal Pay Case

In 1950, the Court of Conciliation and Arbitration set the female rate of pay at 75% of the male rate. In the 1950s, men usually worked full-time, with an unfair social norm which 'permitted' men to discriminate against women in Australian society.Women in the workforce were often limited to jobs such as nurses, teachers, and receptionists. Not surprisingly, they were usually paid less than men

In 1951, the Queensland Branch of the Clerks Union placed a claim for Equal Pay to the Industrial Court of Queensland. This was an unusual case which came about after continual pressure on the executive (by membership of the Clerks Union) proved futile; 'too busy to prepare a case' was the excuse offered to the activists. <mask>, a member of the union, undertook the research with the support of Berenice Collins, another member, and Val Howard, a clerk in the Sheet Metal Workers' Union Office. Marchisotti had prepared a complete case, gathering all the information provided from experienced people plus a great mass of figures and other information obtained from the Australian Bureau of Statistics. In regards to her preparation for the case, Marchisotti has been quoted: “I was hellishly nervous, but my voice is pretty strong and I was always good at reading. I read the whole ten pages of the submission, bar the tables, which I had typed and carefully double-checked".Marchisotti finalised her submission by requesting a ‘rate for the job’ regardless of sex and stating the reasons for this demand. Aside from Berenice and Val, Joan Riordan, an extreme right-winger, the only woman branch councillor in the union, showed up at the Industrial Court where the case was being heard. The court was also filled with journalists, members from the Union of Australian Women and the President of the National Council of Women, Mrs Byth. Mrs Byth even asked for permission to intervene the case as it significantly mattered to women. When the case was over, reporters and newspapermen were amazed that a woman could put up such a convincing case. Justice Matthews tried to get the witnesses to agree that women were not just ordinary clerical workers, but quite above average in intelligence and thus might be underpaid. Despite the evidence provided, the judges decided this had not proved that all females in the industry were "performing the same work as males or producing the same return of profit to their employers".This judgement raised significant public concern. People considered it an unfair ruling and claimed it was obvious that they were determined to refuse the claim regardless of the presented evidence. The judgement concluded that it was "most difficult to prove that women produced the same profit as men" deciding there was insufficient reason to approve the claim. Unfortunately, Marchisotti had difficulty in obtaining employment following the case due to the amount of negative publicity generated by her involvement. Involvement with Indigenous Affairs

In addition to her communist affiliation, Marchisotti was also dedicated to Indigenous affairs in Australia, especially from a feminist standpoint. As a result, she became an industrious member of the Federal Council for the Advancement of Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders (FCAATSI), as well as its Queensland sub-branch (QCAATSI). During her time working for these organisations she edited the council newsletter and wrote articles on Indigenous issues for use by both organisations.Federal Council for the Advancement of Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders (FCAATSI)

During February 1958, a group of individuals travelled to Adelaide to form a federal body to advocate the removal of racist and discriminatory state legislation across the country. Although there was no recognised Aboriginal representative from Queensland at this meeting, the state was represented by the Queensland United Council for Aboriginal Welfare; this collective would evolve into QCAATSI, which Marchisotti would become heavily involved in. Marchisotti would also work closely with noted feminist and Indigenous political activist Oodgeroo Noonuccal, who worked as the Queensland State Secretary of QCAATSI in the 1960s. Initially, the establishment of FCAATSI comprised a diverse range of activists, ranging from feminists, Christians, communists and peace activists. FCAATSI would progress to play a critical role in Aboriginal affairs in Australia, including establishing the 1967 referendum to amend the constitution, as well as the petitioning for inclusion of Aboriginal families within the census. Queensland Council for the Advancement of Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders (QCAATSI)

In 1958, noted feminist and social justice campaigner Ada Bromham unified Queensland social activists from existing Indigenous organisations (including Marchisotti) to form the QCAATSI. Rather than act as a separate entity to FCAATSI however, this movement effectively acted as the state branch of the federal organisation.Despite some members accusing QCAATSI of too closely adopting communist influence, the QCAATSI enjoyed extensive active membership from noted Indigenous rights campaigners for many years. Among Marchisotti, these included Kathy Cochrane (with whom Marchisotti frequently exchanged letters) Celia Smith and Rodney Hall. As a reflection of this, the council enjoyed a cooperative relationship with other existing Indigenous activist groups, such as the Cairns Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders Advancement League (CATSIAL). QCAATSI worked closely with the federal council on matters of national integrity, but largely took an inclusive approach in developing individual movements, preferring to deliberate with other organisations and individuals in terms of constitutional reform. Nonetheless, in 1961, a split developed among those members considered heavily communist in political orientation (including Marchisotti), who were prepared to challenge Queensland legislation, and others who were less prepared to take an active stance. This latter group formed the One People of Australia League (OPAL), consisting primarily of mainstream Christian and traditionalist idealists. From this point, OPAL was one of the few groups to remain overtly distinct from QCAATSI, preferring to negotiate and liaise with the Queensland government, rather than perform overt political activism.Marchisotti, remaining with QCAATSI, assisted in organising the fourth annual conference of the Federal Council for Aboriginal Advancement, held at the University of Queensland in 1961. She also continued to publish Aboriginal rights articles on behalf of both QCAATSI and the CPA. It was at this time that Marchisotti also began drafting her only book to be published by the CPA: Land Rights: The Black Struggle. Marchisotti continued her publication of articles until the very latter stages of life; her last confirmed publication was made in the June 1980 edition of the Tribune, with Marchisotti aged 75. Arrest

On Thursday 7 October 1982, Marchisotti joined a protest by Aboriginal people and others outside a Commonwealth Games venue in Brisbane. The 1982 games, in particular, had been noted as experiencing widespread Aboriginal protests throughout their duration, in attempt by activists to bring the lack of land rights, poor living conditions and the suppression of political voice to an international audience. Marchisotti was arrested for her involvement in the protests and for disobeying an explicit police instruction, resulting in a fine of fifty dollars.Marchisotti's fine notice lists her offence simply as "Br. S.36 (b) traffic act". Upon her appearance before a magistrate in Brisbane, she has been quoted as saying "I am seventy-eight years old and a pensioner. I did not take part in my action lightly. [It was] my belief that the only way to change Queensland's racist laws was to take the action I did". List of Publications

While it is known that Marchisotti was a prolific and dedicated writer, especially during her time with the CPA and particularly the FCAATSI where she took on the role of editor for their newsletter there seems to be very little of her published work available in the public domain. Countless drafts and copies of articles submitted to various publications, including the Tribune, The Courier Mail and The Guardian, can be found in Marchisotti's personal archives however this information cannot be verified as most of these articles are only attached to personal letters.There is no confirmation of what was published or when, if at all. However the following three works have been published are available in the public domain:

 In 1978 the CPA published <mask>'s book Land Rights: The Black Struggle which has since become a seminal text on the topic of Indigenous land rights issues. <mask>, <mask> 'Environment week success for Aborigines'. Tribune. 25 June 1980 1980-06-25. 9. <mask>, <mask> 'Equal pay case, 1951'.Women, Class and History: Feminist Perspectives on Australia, 1788–1978. 1980. 423–429. Further references

 <mask> (Irving), <mask> – Volume 1, 1953 – 1964, 3105; Australian Security Intelligence Organization Files; National Archives of Australia, National Office. <mask> (Irving), <mask> – Volume 2, 1953 – 1964, 3106; Australian Security Intelligence Organization Files; National Archives of Australia, National Office. <mask>, <mask> – Volume 3, 1964 – 1966, 3117; Australian Security Intelligence Organization Files; National Archives of Australia, National Office. <mask>, <mask> – Volume 4, 1966, 3118; Australian Security Intelligence Organization Files; National Archives of Australia, National Office.<mask>, <mask> – Volume 5, 1966 – 1968, 3119; Australian Security Intelligence Organization Files; National Archives of Australia, National Office. <mask> (Irving), <mask> – Volume 6, 1968 – 1969, 3147; Australian Security Intelligence Organization Files; National Archives of Australia, National Office. <mask> (Irving), <mask> – Volume 7, 1969 – 1970, 3148; Australian Security Intelligence Organization Files; National Archives of Australia, National Office. <mask>, <mask>. “Personal references, certificates, memberships, etc”. Papers of <mask>. UQFL 156.Box 1. Fryer Library: University of Queensland Library. <mask>i Entry on the Australian Women's Register. References

1904 births
1987 deaths
Australian activists

masks:
Daisy Elizabeth Marchisotti
Luigi Marchisotti
Marchisotti
Marchisotti
Marchisotti
Marchisotti
Daisy
Marchisotti
Daisy
Marchisotti
Daisy Elizabeth
Marchisotti
Daisy Elizabeth
Marchisotti
Daisy Elizabeth
Marchisotti
Daisy Elizabeth
Marchisotti
Daisy Elizabeth
Marchisotti
Daisy Elizabeth
Marchisotti
Daisy Elizabeth
Marchisotti
Daisy
Daisy Marchisotti
Daisy Marchisott


title: Thomas Garnet

texts:
<mask> (9 November 1575 – 23 June 1608) was a Jesuit priest who was executed in London. He is the protomartyr (i.e., the first martyr associated with a place) of Saint Omer and of Stonyhurst College. He was executed at Tyburn and is one of the Forty Martyrs of England and Wales. <mask>'s family
<mask> was born into a prominent family in Southwark. His uncle, <mask>, was the superior of the Jesuits in England. <mask>, <mask>'s father, was at Balliol College, Oxford, at the time when great severity began to be used against Catholics. His example provided leadership to a generation of Oxford men which was to produce Edmund Campion, Robert Persons, and other English Catholics.<mask>' schooling
<mask> attended Collyer's School in Horsham, Sussex, and was afterwards a page to one of the half-brothers of Philip Howard, Earl of Arundel, who were, however, conformists (i.e. conformed to the Anglican faith). <mask> goes to Saint Omer

Because English colleges had been turned over to Protestants, English Catholics had an incentive to go to the continent for their education. <mask>, at age 17, was amongst the first students of Saint Omer's Jesuit College (at Stonyhurst since 1794) in 1593. By 1595 he was considered fit for Saint Albans, the new English seminary at Valladolid. In January he set out from Calais with five others from Calais, John Copley, William Worthington, John Ivreson, James Thomson, and Henry Mompesson. Captured in the Channel
They were lucky in finding as a travelling companion a Jesuit Father William Baldwin, who was going to Spain in disguise under the alias Ottavio Fuscinelli, but misfortunes soon began.After severe weather in the English Channel, they found themselves obliged to run for shelter to The Downs, where their vessel was searched by men from some of Queen Elizabeth's ships, and they were discovered hiding in the hold. They were immediately made prisoners and treated very roughly. They were sent round the Nore up to London, and were examined by Charles, second Lord Howard of Effingham, the Lord Admiral. Father Baldwin's test
After this Baldwin was sent to Bridewell prison, where one of those incidents occurred that were so representative of the treacherousness of the Elizabethan age. He met a confessor named James Atkinson who, under torture, had divulged names. He was riven by remorse and terror that he would be tortured again, this time to death and would die unabsolved for his betrayals. This placed Baldwin in a real quandary.Was Atkinson a spy? In appealing for a priest to hear his confession was he angling to trick Baldwin into revealing himself as a priest? In the end he heard Atkinson's confession, whose joy at absolution was luminous. Later, Atkinson would suffer further tortures from which he died. Escapes
Meantime his young companions had been handed over to Archbishop Whitgift, the Archbishop of Canterbury, who, having found that they encouraged one another, sent them one by one to different Protestant bishops or doctors. Only the youngest, Mompesson, conformed. The rest eventually escaped and returned to their colleges on the continent after many adventures.It is not known for certain what happened to young <mask>, but it seems likely that he was the youth confined to the house of Richard Edes. He fell ill and was sent home under bond to return to custody at Oxford by a certain day. The boy escaped yet again, and to avoid trouble he had then to keep away even from his own father. At last he reached Saint Omer again, and then went to Valladolid in 1596, after many escapades. First return to the dangers of England
After ordination, in 1599, age 24, "returning to England, I wandered", he says, "from place to place, to reduce souls which went astray and were in error as to the knowledge of the true Catholic Church". Effect of the Gunpowder Plot
During the excitement caused by the Gunpowder Plot in 1605 he was arrested near Warwick while going under the name <mask>, which he had no doubt assumed from Ambrose Rokewood of Coldham Hall, whose chaplain he then was, and who had, unfortunately, been implicated in the plot. Imprisonment
<mask> was now imprisoned first in the Gatehouse, then in the Tower, where he was tortured in order to make him give evidence against <mask>, his famous uncle, superior of the English Jesuits, who had recently admitted him into the Society of Jesus.The authorities suspected that <mask> was implicated in the plot, for which suspicion he was later executed. Though no connection with the conspiracy could be proved against <mask>, he was kept in the Tower of London for seven months, at the end of which time he was suddenly put on board ship with forty-six other priests, and a royal proclamation, dated 10 July 1606, was read to them, threatening death if they returned. They were then carried across the Channel and set ashore in Flanders. Return to the Continent
<mask> now went to his old school at Saint Omer, then to Brussels to see the superior of the Jesuits, Baldwin, his companion in the adventures of 1595. Father Baldwin sent him to the English Jesuit novitiate, Saint John's, Leuven, in which he was the first novice to be received. Return to England and martyrdom
In September 1607, he was sent back to England, but was arrested six weeks later by an apostate priest called Rouse. This was the time of King James' controversy with Cardinal Bellarmine about the Oath of Allegiance.<mask> was offered his life if he would take the oath, but he steadfastly refused, and was executed at Tyburn at the age of 32, protesting that he was "the happiest man this day alive". His relics, which were preserved at Saint Omer, were lost during the French Revolution. St. Thomas Garnet's Independent School in Boscombe, Bournemouth, which closed in 2020, was dedicated to the saint at its foundation. References

Bibliography

 POLLEN, "Protomartyr of Stonyhurst College" in Stonyhurst Magazine (1889), 334-82
 BLACKFAN, Annales Coll. S. Albani, Vallesoleti, ed. POLLEN (1899), 57, 84
 CAMM in The Month (Aug., 1898), 164-77
 YEPEZ, Persecucion de Inglaterra (Madrid, 1599), 820-30
 FOLEY, Records S.J., II, 475–505. External links
 Saint Thomas Garnet
 St Thomas Garnets School Bournemouth

Notes
 Also spelled Robert Parsons

Attribution

Jesuit saints
1570s births
1608 deaths
English saints
English Roman Catholic saints
16th-century English Jesuits
17th-century English Jesuits
16th-century English Roman Catholic priests
Forty Martyrs of England and Wales
People from Southwark
Jesuits from London
People educated at The College of Richard Collyer
People educated at Stonyhurst College
17th-century Roman Catholic priests
17th-century Roman Catholic martyrs
17th-century Christian saints
Executed people from London
People executed by Stuart England

masks:
Thomas Garnet
Thomas Garnet
Thomas Garnet
Henry Garnet
Richard Garnet
Thomas
Thomas
Thomas
Thomas
Thomas
Garnet
Thomas Rokewood
Garnet
Henry Garnet
Henry Garnet
Thomas
Garnet
Garnet