title: Adriano Guarnieri (composer)

texts:
<mask> (born September 10, 1947 in Sustinente, Italy) is an Italian composer of contemporary classical music. Biography

He studied at the Conservatory in Bologna where he got his diploma in musical composition with Giacomo Manzoni and another diploma in choral music with Tito Gotti. He started his activity as a conductor as well, founding the Nuovo Ensemble Bruno Maderna in Florence. He taught musical composition at the Milan Conservatory, Florence, Pesaro Conservatory and Bologna Conservatory. In his earliest works, from Musica per un’azione immaginaria to L’art pour l’art?, he tries to incorporate graphical elements into the music, and in so doing, he clearly shows his structuralist approach, which only later becomes more informal. Nafshi, Recit and other compositions show a turning point in his way of composing, since he pays more attention to the form, which is thought of as a synthesis of a fluid episodic multiplicity. Through his Pierrot series he was able to reveal a ‘melodic’ component of his music which broadens in the opera Trionfo della notte (1986–87 season at the Teatro Comunale di Bologna), which won the Premio Abbiati as the best composition of the year.Among his later works are Romanza alla notte No. 2, for violin and orchestra (Parma, June 20, 1991), proof of the deep relationship existing between the composer and Pier Paolo Pasolini's poetics. He dedicated to Pasolini Il glicine, for soprano, reciting voice, amplified flute and violin (Milan, July 2, 1993). In Orfeo cantando... tolse..., ten lyric actions based on text freely taken by Poliziano’s Orfeo (1994), the beauty and the musicality of Poliziano’s verses, their expressive strength and their sound, the lyric aura surrounding their words, determine the musical form, and an idea of dramaturgy which is totally internal to the music and to the spatiality it created. His collaboration with Giovanni Raboni led to the creation of Quare tristis, for soloists, chorus, two instrumental groups, two tubas and live electronics (Biennale di Venezia, 1995). In 1999, in Strasbourg, the premiere of Pensieri canuti, cantata for soloists, chorus, two ensembles in double chorus and live electronics, again based on a text by Raboni; on April 6, 2000, at the Basilica di S.Marco in Milan, Passione secondo Matteo, linked to Pasolini’s film. On October 20, 2002, in Venice, the opera-video Medea, for soloists, chorus and orchestra, was premiered.In 2003 Medea was awarded the prestigious Premio Abbiati by the Italian musical critic in the section  dedicated to novelties. In February 2004 in Turin La terra del tramonto was performed by the Orchestra Nazionale della RAI. The opera Pietra di Diaspro was premiered in 2007 for the Teatro dell'Opera di Roma and Ravenna Festival. In 2013 he has started a collaboration with Tempo Reale, the centre for music research devoted to music technology based in Florence. With the musicians and technicians of the center Guarneri has realized three music work with an intense use of live electronics, premiered and performed in Florence, Ravenna, Torino, Spoleto. Works

  Excerpts for 11 strings  (1974-1977)
  Nafshi for flute solo with tape ad libitum  (1975)
  Musica per un’azione immaginaria for strings quintet and tape ad libitum  (1976)
  L’art pour l’art? for strings quartet, tape and 8 instruments  (1976)
  Mystere for 7 instruments  (1978)
  Abschied for flute and harp  (1978)
  Air (Trio No.2) for 2 violins and viola  (1978)
  Recit (Trio No. 1) for piano, viola and cello  (1978)
  Alia for orchestra  (1978)
  Poesia in forma di rosa for 13 instruments  (1979)
  Insonora for viola  (1979)
  Arco for violin solo  (1979)
  Pierrot Suite for 3 chamber groups  (1980)
  Pierrot Pierrot! for flutes, celesta and percussion  (1980)
  Arioso cantabile for flute, clarinet, piano and percussion (2 performers)  (1982)
  Le notti mie son roche di grida for flute and harp (also harpsichord or vibraphone or celesta ad lib.) (1982)
  ...di sussulti e di tremori for piano and orchestra  (1982)
  Ein Lied an Gott for soprano, bass flute (also piccolo), 2 organs, percussion and chamber music group  (1982)
  ...di un pastore errante for small chamber music group (8 performers)  (1983)
  Romanze zur Nacht (Romanza alla notte n. 1) for cello and 11 performers (1983)
  Pierrot Suite II for concertante flute and 16 players  (1984)
  E... le ombre fuggano... for 2 flutes  (1984)
  Sospeso d’incanto for piano  (1984)
  Concerto for violin and orchestra  (1985)
  Trionfo della notte. Preludio atto I, for 19 performers with percussion concerto  (1985)
  “...il tubare della tortora... non odi?...” for soprano (offstage), perussion, concertante, orchestra  (1985)
  Trionfo della notte. Lyrical action on text by Pier Paolo Pasolini  (1985)
  Passioni perse for flute and piano (1986)
  Disteso for 8 instruments  (1986)
  Sospeso (Trio No. 3) for flute, violin and piano  (1987)
  Parafrasi: 4 th scene from " Trionfo della notte" for 2 sopranos, tenor, flute, piano (celesta), percussion, cello  (1987)
  “...d’incanto!” for piano and tape "circular loop"  (1988)
  “...dal nulla... al nulla...” (Trio n. 4) for bass clarinet and 2 percussion (1988)
  “Velato... del nuovo mistero” for piano and 4 instrumental groups with magnetic tape (1988)
  Romanza alla notte n. 2 (Concerto II) for violin and orchestra  (1988)
  Piccola anima for narrator, soprano, and 7 players  (1988)
  “sull’isola della libertà...” for 2 sopranos and 12 instruments (1989)
  Piccola anima.II versione for flute, piano and soprano  (1989)
  “Oltre l’anima tua...” (homage to Mozart) for orchestra  (1989)
  “perdo il futuro della tua grazia” for soprano, narrator (on tape), flute, violin, percussion  (1989-1990)
  "Per Armando" for solo guitar  (1990)
  Giustizia cara... for 3 sopranos, narrator and orchestra on texts by Pier Paolo Pasolini  (1990)
  “...e per lunghi filamenti...” for soprano, piano concertante and 13 instruments  (1991)
  Medea (1991), opera film, for soli, chorus and orchestra (premiere: 2002)
  “Elision” for 12 instruments (9 players) "Homage to Charles Ives"  (1992)
  Mit Dämpfer for solo trumpet in C and B flat  (1992)
  Preludio alla notte for solo flute  (1992)
  “infinite Risonanze... inquiete..." for amplified guitar, tape and live electronics  (1992)
  Trio No. 6 (Homage to Camillo Togni in 70 th birthday) for flute, violin and percussion  (1992)
  Il glicine for soprano, voice narrator, flute and violin (all amplified)  (1993)
  “per il sole... per il cielo... per il mare” loosely based on Medea, for 2 sopranos and string quartet  (1993)
  Orfeo cantando... tolse... 10 lyrical actions loosely based on text from ' Orpheus of Poliziano  (1994)
  Medea Suite. 6 Songs from Medea opera film for soft voice and amplified soprano and orchestra (1995)
  Quare tristis for soloists, female choir, 2 instrumental groups, 2 tubes, electronic spatialization  (1995)
  Resistenza 1995 for amplified female voice  (1995)
  “Grido ai miei occhi, Sarajevo...” for amplified piano and two pianos on tape  (1995)
  Il pianto della scavatrice for amplified female voice, flute, bass clarinet, violin and cello  (1996)
  Omaggio a Mina 6 songs for light voice, soprano and orchestra  (1996)
  A Giacomo Manzoni o delle dissolvenze sonore for alto flute and soprano (amplified)  (1997)
  Blandine Ballata for piano and spoken voices  (1997)
  “... Uno spazio che tremola celeste...” for string quartet  (1997)
  Traviata. Preludio Atto III for quartet and string orchestra (transcription)  (1997)
  Pensieri canuti for soloists, chorus, two ensemble on double choir and live electronics  (1998)
  “...canto un ricordo...” two songs for light solo voice amplified  (1998)
  Da questi occhi… for female amplified voice and ensemble  (1998)
  Duo Concertante for solo flute and violin and ensemble  (1998)
  Passione Secondo Matteo, Cantata for soloists, choir and ensemble  (1999)
  B.A.C.H. (the 250th) for amplified flute  (2000)
  Medea opera video for soloists, soft voice, choir, orchestra, instrumental solos and live electronics  (2000)
  Dedica.


title: Sheldon Wolin

type: original

texts:
<mask> (; August 4, 1922 – October 21, 2015) was an American political theorist and writer on contemporary politics. A political theorist for fifty years, <mask> became Professor of Politics, Emeritus, at Princeton University, where he taught from 1973 to 1987. During a teaching career which spanned more than forty years, <mask> also taught at the University of California, Berkeley, University of California, Santa Cruz, Oberlin College, Oxford University, Cornell University, and University of California, Los Angeles. He was a notable teacher of undergraduate and particularly graduate students, serving as a mentor to many students who themselves became prominent scholars and teachers of political theory. Academic career
After graduating from Oberlin College, <mask> received his doctorate from Harvard University in 1950, for a dissertation entitled Conservatism and Constitutionalism: A Study in English Constitutional Ideas, 1760–1785. After teaching briefly at Oberlin, <mask> taught political theory at the University of California, Berkeley, from 1954 to 1970, and built a political theory program by bringing Norman Jacobson, John H. Schaar, Hanna Fenichel Pitkin, and Michael Rogin into the department. One of <mask>'s central concern was how the history of political thought could contribute to understanding contemporary political dilemmas and predicaments.He played a significant role in the Free Speech Movement and with John Schaar interpreted that movement to the rest of the world. During the seventies and eighties he published frequently for The New York Review of Books. He also wrote opinion pieces and reviews for The New York Times. In 1980, he was the founding editor of the short-lived but intellectually influential journal democracy (1980–83) funded by Max Palevsky. At Princeton, <mask> led a successful faculty effort to pass a resolution urging university trustees to divest from endowment investment in firms that supported South African apartheid. <mask> left Berkeley in the fall of 1970 for the University of California, Santa Cruz, where he taught until the spring of 1972. From 1973 through 1987, he was a professor of politics at Princeton University.<mask> served on the editorial boards of many scholarly journals, including Political Theory, the leading journal of the field in the Anglo-American world. He consulted for various scholarly presses, foundations and public entities, including Peace Corps, American Council of Learned Societies, and the Social Science Research Council. <mask> also served as president of the Society for Legal and Political Philosophy. Political theorist
<mask> was instrumental in founding what came to be known as the Berkeley School of political theory. His approach to the history of political thought offered an original perspective that constituted a formidable challenge to more classical approaches to the study of the history of political thought. It equally challenged behavioralism, the reigning orthodoxy in political science departments. He has been compared to thinkers like Eric Voegelin, Hannah Arendt, and Leo Strauss.In his classic Politics and Vision, <mask> formulates an interpretative approach to the history of political thought, based on careful study of different theoretical traditions. He pays particular attention to how the latter contribute to the changing meanings of a received political vocabulary, including notions of authority, obligation, power, justice, citizenship, and the state. <mask>'s approach also had a bearing on contemporary problems and questions and he notoriously defined the inquiry into the history of political thought, and the study of different traditions and forms of theorizing that have shaped it "as a form of political education." <mask>'s approach to the study of political theory consisted of a historical-minded inquiry into the history of political thought to inform the practice of political theory in the present. A consummate reader of texts, he carefully combined attention to both the intellectual and political contexts in which an author intervened and the genres of writing he deployed, with an eye to understanding how a particular body of work shed light on a specific political predicament. But this was no antiquarian exercise. It rather consisted of an attempt to "understand some aspect of the historical past [that] is also conscious of the historical character and locus of [the inquirer's] own understanding.Historicity has to do with the convergence of the two, and the inquirer’s contribution of his present is crucial." Similarly, his classic essay "Political Theory as a Vocation", written in the context of the Cold War, the Vietnam War and the Civil Rights Movement, mounted a seething critique of Behaviorism and how it impaired the ability to grasp the crises of the time. Thirty years later, he explicitly formulated the importance of political theory and the study of political thought as “primarily a civic and secondarily an academic activity.<mask>'s 2001 study of Alexis de Tocqueville, Tocqueville Between Two Worlds, constitutes his second summum opus. Cornel West has called it <mask>'s masterpiece, the crowning achievement of “the greatest political theorist of and for democracy of our time.”

<mask>'s involvement in the events of the sixties represented a formative experience that set the stage for the transition from an imaginative and erudite scholar of political thought to an original political thinker in his own right. In essays dealing with major thinkers of the recent past, including some of the most formidable bodies of work of the twentieth century, Wolin probed different approaches to both understanding the nature of theory and its bearing on the political from a perspective clearly aligned with the principles of participatory democracy. From this perspective, <mask> engaged with a vast array of thinkers: Theodor W. Adorno & Max Horkheimer, Hannah Arendt, John Dewey, Michel Foucault, Leo Strauss, Harvey C. Mansfield, Karl Marx, Friedrich Nietzsche, Michael Oakeshott, Karl Popper, John Rawls, Richard Rorty, and Max Weber. Politically, <mask> penned essays on a variety of themes and figures, including terrorism, conservatism, Jimmy Carter, Henry Kissinger, and Ronald Reagan.His The Presence of the Past offered an original critique of Reaganism, its discourse and practice, and a series of searching reflections on the bicentennial of the American Constitution. His last book, Democracy Incorporated (2008) formulates a scathing critique of the administration of George W. Bush and its war on terror and a plea for the recovery of democratic values and practices. In these interventions, <mask> formulated an original non-Marxist critique of capitalism and the fate of democratic political life in the present. In his effort to think about the fate of democracy in the United States, he formulated a novel theorization of modern and postmodern forms of power and how these shaped the limits and horizons of political life in the late twentieth and early twentieth-first centuries. While influenced by Marx's critique of capitalism as a form of power, <mask>'s political thought is decidedly non-Marxist in his insistence on participatory democracy, the primacy of the political, and the conviction that a radical theory of democracy requires mapping the forms of power beyond the economy. <mask>'s political thought is particularly concerned with the fate of democracy at the hands of bureaucratic imperatives, elitism, and managerial principles and practices. His ideas of "inverted totalitarianism" and "fugitive democracy" constitute well-known signatures of his reflections.Another signature contribution is his account of the liberal-democratic state, which Wendy Brown has characterized as a "neo-Weberian" account of the state, "heavy with rationalities and bureaucratic domination; it is a Marxist-structuralist state, neither identical with nor a simple instrument of capitalism but complexly entwined with it. It is an administrative and penetrative state - those tentacles are everywhere and on everyone, especially the most disempowered; they do not honor public/private distinctions, political/economic distinctions, or even legal/extra-legal distinctions...the contemporary state is a complex amalgam of political, economic, administrative and discursive powers." Out of this diagnosis of the state and its complex relationship to capitalism, <mask> forged the idea of "fugitive democracy." In his view, democracy is not a fixed state form, but a political experience in which ordinary people are active political actors. In this construction "fugitive" stands for the ways in which contemporary forms of power have made this aspiration an evanescent and momentary political experience. Personal life
<mask> was born in Chicago and raised in Buffalo, New York. At the age of nineteen, <mask> interrupted his studies at Oberlin College to become a US Army Air Forces bombardier/navigator, serving on the Consolidated B-24 Liberator.<mask> flew 51 different combat missions serving in the South Pacific, specifically the islands surrounding the Philippines, during World War II. <mask>'s team were tasked with Douglas MacArthur's strategy of conducting raids against the Japanese Navy, which required flying low over Japanese destroyers in order to bomb them. This was incredibly risky, as the B-24 was a "big, lumbering aircraft" which was hard to manoeuvre, and this cost the lives of many of <mask>'s fellow airmen, "which proved disastrous." <mask> mentioned that his flight mates were all very young at the time, being between nineteen and twenty-four years of age. <mask> mentioned that several of his flight mates, both at the time and years later, suffered psychological problems as a result of their activities in the War. He was married to Emily Purvis <mask> for over sixty years. His nephew Maurice was featured on To Catch a Predator.Awards
Rockefeller Foundation Fellow
American Council of Learned Societies Fellow
Center for the Advance Study in the Behavioral Sciences Fellow, Stanford University
Guggenheim Fellow
Fulbright Fellow
Clark Library Fellow, UCLA
Member of the National Foundation for the Humanities
Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
Christian Gauss Lectures
David and Elaine Spitz Prize, Conference on Political Thought, for "Politics and Vision." 1985 American Political Science Association's Lippincott Award for the 1960 edition of "Politics and Vision: Continuity and Innovation in Western Political Thought"
David Easton Award for "Tocqueville Between Two Worlds"
2008 Lannan Award for an "Especially Notable" Book for "Democracy Incorporated: Managed Democracy and the Specter of Inverted Totalitarianism"

Works

BooksPolitics and Vision: Continuity and Innovation in Western Political Thought, expanded ed. (1960; Princeton University Press, 2004). The Berkeley Student Revolt: Facts and Interpretations, edited with Seymour Martin Lipset (Garden City, NY: Anchor Books, 1965).The Berkeley Rebellion and Beyond: Essays on Politics & Education in the Technological Society, with John H. Schaar (Vintage Books/New York Review Books, 1970).Hobbes and the Epic Tradition of Political Theory (William Andrews Clark Memorial Library, Los Angeles: University of California, 1970). (Spanish translation: Hobbes y la tradición épica de la teoría política, Colección Rétor, Madrid: Foro Interno, 2005. )Presence of the Past: Essays on the State and the Constitution (1989)Tocqueville Between Two Worlds: The Making of a Political and Theoretical Life (Princeton University Press, 2001). Democracy Incorporated: Managed Democracy and the Specter of Inverted Totalitarianism (Princeton University Press, 2008).(Trad. esp. : Democracia S. A., Buenos Aires/Madrid, Katz editores S.A, 2008, )Fugitive Democracy and Other Essays. Edited by Nicholas Xenos (Princeton University Press, 2016). Articles
<mask>. "Inverted Totalitarianism". The Nation magazine, May 19, 2003.<mask>. "A Kind of Fascism Is Replacing Our Democracy". Newsday, July 18, 2003, archived at Axis of Logic. <mask>. "Political Theory as a Vocation". The American Political Science Review, Vol. 63, No.4 (December 1969), pp. 1062–82. (Spanish translation: "La teoría política como vocación". Foro Interno'', vol. 11 (Diciembre 2011), pp. 193–234]). References

Further reading
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1922 births
2015 deaths
American political philosophers
United States Army Air Forces personnel of World War II
Oberlin College alumni
Harvard University alumni
Princeton University faculty

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Sheldon Sanford Wolin
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title: Henry Haller

texts:
<mask> (January 10, 1923 – November 7, 2020) was a Swiss American chef who served as Executive Chef of the White House from 1966 to 1987. Haller's death was announced on November 9, 2020. Early life
Haller was born in Altdorf, Switzerland, in 1923. He was of French descent on his mother's side and German descent on his father's. His father was manager of a factory and loved food, and as a young boy Haller loved to cook. His mother planted a large kitchen garden, and as a child Haller would fetch fresh vegetables from the garden and watch as she cooked them. It was his father who encouraged him to be a chef.Haller recalls that when he was 14 years old, his father said, "<mask>, why don't you be a chef? You can travel all over the world. And you will never have to worry about a job. People everywhere have to eat." Haller enrolled in an apprenticeship when he was 16 years old, and trained at the famed Park Hotel in the ski resort town of Davos, Switzerland. After graduating from high school at the age of 18, he served in the Swiss Army, and although World War II was raging he never saw combat. Discharged at the age of 20, he spent several years working at the exclusive Hotel Des Balances in Lucerne, where he attended the Hotel Training School—considered one of the best cooking academies in the world.He then moved to the five-star Hotel Belle-Vue-Palace in Bern, and then the Grand Hotel in Bürgenstock. While working there as chef tournant (filling in as needed on stations in the kitchen), the hotel owner asked if he would move to Canada to cook at another company-owned property, and Haller readily agreed. Move to America
Haller had longed to follow other European chefs and live in the United States, but he first emigrated at the age of 25 to Montreal, Quebec, Canada, in 1948, where he practiced his skills as the chef entremetier at the exclusive Ritz-Carlton Montreal, preparing appetizers, soups, vegetables, pastas, potatoes, and eggs. Haller emigrated to the United States in 1953, where he worked as the chef saucier at the Royal Palms Inn in Phoenix, Arizona. After a year, he took a position as the chef de cuisine (executive chef) at the Dellwood Country Club in Rockland County, New York (near New York City). He worked there for four years before becoming chef de cuisine at the Ambassador Hotel (later known as the Sheraton-East Hotel) in New York City. After three years, Haller moved to the Hotel Hampshire House in Manhattan.White House

Lyndon B. Johnson had stayed at the Ambassador Hotel when he was Vice President of the United States, and enjoyed Haller's cooking. Johnson became President of the United States in November 1963 after the assassination of John F. Kennedy. The White House Executive Chef at that time was René Verdon, who had been hired by the Kennedys. Verdon resigned at the end of 1965 in a dispute with President Lyndon B. Johnson over the cuisine being offered at the White House. Haller applied for the position, and was interviewed on January 1, 1966, in the White House by First Lady Lady Bird Johnson. Haller's appointment was announced on January 20, 1966. His first day on the job was February 1, at which time he made $10,000 a year.Haller was a probationary chef for the first six months of his tenure at the White House. During this time he lived on the third floor of the White House. Haller had oversight over three White House kitchens:  The main kitchen on the ground floor, the family kitchen on the second floor, and a sous-kitchen on the mezzanine level of the sub-basement. (A stove existed in what used to be a former kitchen on the Third Floor as well, although it was rarely used.) He had a staff of seven or eight, two of which worked in the sous-kitchen. During his tenure at the White House, Haller oversaw the planning, preparation, and cooking for three First Family weddings: The marriage of Luci Baines Johnson to Patrick Nugent in August 1966, the marriage of Lynda Bird Johnson to Chuck Robb in December 1967, and the marriage of Tricia Nixon to Edward F. Cox in June 1971. He oversaw the design and preparation of wedding cakes for all three events.In 1976, Haller oversaw food preparation for White House events in honor of the United States Bicentennial. For much of 1976, the Ford administration had a normal schedule of one or two state dinners a month. But in June and July, Haller was preparing three or four state dinners each week. Because the federal government shifted the start of its fiscal year from May to October, Haller had little money to bring on additional staff to assist with the preparations and cooking. At the state dinner for Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom, Haller prepared a state dinner for 250, which was served on the South Lawn of the White House under a marquee. One of Haller's more difficult events was the dinner in September 1978 on the South Lawn to celebrate the signing of the Camp David accords. Haller was given just a week to plan, prepare, and cook a dinner for 1,300 people, an event which Rosalynn Carter's press secretary, Mary Holt, called "a nightmare".Retirement
By 1987, Haller was making $58,000 a year. He announced his retirement on June 6, 1987, effective October 1, just in time for his 65th birthday. In retirement, Haller developed recipes for the liquor company Cointreau, and briefly advised the Grand Union supermarket chain regarding the development of fresh and frozen store-brand gourmet meals. Personal life
While working at the Dellwood Country Club, Haller met Carole Itjen, a dining room worker at a hotel on Martha's Vineyard. The couple married, and had four children. Haller died on November 7, 2020, in Gaithersburg, Maryland. References

Bibliography

1923 births
2020 deaths
American chefs
American male chefs
People from the canton of Uri
Swiss chefs
Swiss emigrants to the United States
White House Executive Chefs
Swiss people of French descent
Swiss people of German descent
Swiss emigrants to Canada
American people of French descent
American people of German descent

masks:
Henry Haller
Henry


title: Nobuo Fujita

texts:
(1911 – 30 September 1997) was a Japanese naval aviator and warrant flying officer of the Imperial Japanese Navy who flew a floatplane from the long-range submarine aircraft carrier  and conducted the Lookout Air Raids in southern Oregon on September 9, 1942, making him the only Axis pilot during World War II to aerial bomb the contiguous United States. Using incendiary bombs, his mission was to start massive forest fires in the Pacific Northwest near the city of Brookings, Oregon with the objective of drawing the U.S. military's resources away from the Pacific Theater. The strategy was also later used in the Japanese fire balloon campaign. Early life and military career
<mask> joined the Imperial Japanese Navy in 1932 and became a pilot in 1933. <mask> also had a younger brother who was killed in the war. Pearl Harbor and U.S. West Coast

Fujita was on board  during the attack on Pearl Harbor, where the I-25 and three other submarines patrolled a line  north of Oahu. <mask>'s plane, a Yokosuka E14Y "Glen" seaplane, did not function properly, and he was unable to participate in the reconnaissance mission planned before the attack.After the attack on Pearl Harbor, I-25 patrolled along the West Coast of the United States with eight other submarines. They attacked U.S. shipping before returning to their base in Kwajalein Atoll in the Marshall Islands. They arrived there on January 11, 1942 to be refuelled and refurbished. South Pacific
I-25s next mission was to reconnoiter the Australian harbours of Sydney, Melbourne and Hobart, followed by the New Zealand harbours of Wellington and Auckland. On 17 February 1942, <mask> <mask> took off in the "Glen" for a reconnaissance flight over Sydney Harbour to examine the city's airbase. By 07:30, he had returned to I-25, disassembled the "Glen" and stowed it in the water-tight  hangar. The next mission was a similar flight over Melbourne, Australia.Fujita took off from Cape Wickham on King Island at the western end of Bass Strait, about halfway between Victoria and Tasmania. The floatplane was launched on 26 February for its flight to Melbourne over Port Phillip Bay. Fujita's next reconnaissance flight in Australia was over Hobart on 1 March. I-25 then headed for New Zealand, where Fujita flew a reconnaissance flight over Wellington on 8 March. He flew over Auckland on 13 March, followed by Fiji on 17 March. The submarine returned to its base at Kwajalein on 31 March. Pacific Northwest
On 28 May, Fujita performed a reconnaissance of Kodiak, Alaska, in preparation for the invasion of the Aleutian Islands.On 21 June, I-25 shelled the U.S. base of Fort Stevens, near Astoria, Oregon. Fujita was on the deck of I-25 during the attack. Bombing Oregon

<mask> himself suggested the idea of a submarine-based seaplane to bomb military targets, including ships at sea, and attacks on the U.S. mainland, especially the strategic Panama Canal. The idea was approved, and the mission was given to . Submarine aircraft carriers such as the giant I-400-class submarines would be developed specifically to bomb the Panama Canal. At 06:00 on 9 September, I-25 surfaced west of the Oregon/California border where she launched the Glen, flown by Fujita and Petty Officer Okuda Shoji, with a  load of two incendiary bombs. Fujita dropped two bombs, one on Wheeler Ridge on Mount Emily in Oregon.The location of the other bomb is unknown. The Wheeler Ridge bomb started a small fire  due east of Brookings, which U.S. Forest Service employees were able to extinguish. Rain the night before had made the forest very damp, and the bombs were rendered essentially ineffective. <mask>'s plane had been spotted by two men, Howard Gardner and Bob Larson, at the Mount Emily fire lookout tower in the Siskiyou National Forest. Two other lookouts (the Chetco Point Lookout and the Long Ridge Lookout) reported the plane, but could not see it due to heavy fog. The plane was seen and heard by many people, especially when Fujita flew over Brookings in both directions. At about noon that day, Howard Gardner at the Mount Emily Lookout reported seeing smoke.The four U.S. Forest Service employees discovered that the fire was caused by a Japanese bomb. Approximately  of fragments, including the nose of the bomb, were turned over to the United States Army. After the bombing, I-25 came under attack by a USAAF aircraft on patrol, forcing the submarine to dive and hide on the ocean floor off Port Orford. The American attacks caused only minor damage, and Fujita flew a second bombing sortie three weeks later on 29 September. Fujita used the Cape Blanco Light as a beacon. After 90 minutes flying east, he dropped his bombs and reported seeing flames, but the bombing remained unnoticed in the U.S. The submarine torpedoed and sank the SS Camden and SS Larry Doheny and then sailed for home.On its way to Japan, I-25 sank the Soviet submarine L-16, which was in transit between Dutch Harbor, Alaska, and San Francisco, California, mistaking it for an American submarine (Japan and the USSR were not at war at the time). The two attacks on Oregon in September 1942 were the only enemy aircraft bombings on the contiguous United States and were the second time the continental United States was attacked by such aircraft during World War II, following the bombing of Dutch Harbor in Unalaska, Alaska three months earlier. Later life
<mask> continued as an Imperial Japanese Navy pilot, mainly in reconnaissance duties, until 1944, when he was transferred to the training of kamikaze pilots. After the war he opened a hardware store in Ibaraki Prefecture, and later worked at a company making wire. Fujita was invited to Brookings in 1962, after the Japanese government was assured he would not be tried as a war criminal. He gave the City of Brookings his family's 400-year-old katana in friendship. Ashamed of his actions during the war, Fujita had intended to use the sword to commit seppuku if he were given a hostile reception.However, the town treated him with respect and affection, although his visit still raised some controversy. Impressed by his welcome in the United States, during his visit, he promised to invite Brookings students to Japan. Despite the bankruptcy of his company, <mask> made good on his promise by co-sponsoring the visit of three female students from Brookings-Harbor High School to Japan in 1985. During the visit, Fujita received a dedicatory letter from an aide of President Ronald Reagan "with admiration for your kindness and generosity." <mask> returned to Brookings in 1990, 1992, and 1995. In 1992, he planted a tree at the bomb site as a gesture of peace. In 1995, he moved the samurai sword from the Brookings City Hall into the new library's display case.Fujita helped to gather money to build the library. He was made an honorary citizen of Brookings several days before his death at a hospital in Tsuchiura, Ibaraki Prefecture, on September 30, 1997, at the age of 85. In October 1998, his daughter, Yoriko Asakura, buried some of Fujita's ashes at the bomb site. See also
Attacks on North America during World War II

References

Further reading

External links

Samurai in the Oregon Sky Produced by Ilana Sol

Japanese military personnel of World War II
Japanese naval aviators
1911 births
Attack on Pearl Harbor
1997 deaths
Oregon Coast
Curry County, Oregon
Japanese World War II pilots
Imperial Japanese Navy officers

masks:
Nobuo Fujita
Fujita
Fujita
Nobuo
Fujita
Fujita
Fujita
Fujita
Fujita
Fujita


title: Saumyendranath Tagore

texts:
<mask> (October 8, 1901 – September 22, 1974), son of <mask>, grandson of <mask>, and grand-nephew of <mask>, was the leader of the Revolutionary Communist Party of India, and the first translator of The Communist Manifesto into Bengali, which was published in Langal magazine edited by Kazi Najrul Islam. Education
<mask> passed matriculation in 1917 from Mitra Institution in Kolkata and became graduate with Hon's in Economics from the Presidency University in the year of 1921. Communist movement
In 1920, <mask> joined the "Akhil Bharat Chatra Sammelan" ("All-India Student Conference") in Ahmedabad. He befriended Muzaffar Ahmed and the poet, Kazi Nazrul Islam. After <mask> joined the Workers and Peasants Party (WPP) in April 1926, he began mobilizing the jute mill‐workers of Bengal to form the Bengal Jute Workers' Association. His effectiveness as a trade union activist and his attempts to win revolutionaries over to the WPP drew official attention to him. In order to avoid arrest, <mask> left for Europe in May 1927.There, he met international communist leaders and was soon in Moscow. He attended the 6th Congress of the Communist International (Comintern). Differences with the Comintern
Tagore differed with the Comintern on the "Colonial Question". Later, he came to favor Leon Trotsky's theory of "Permanent Revolution" over Joseph Stalin's notion of "Socialism in One Country". He also came to oppose the Comintern's "Popular Front" strategy in the 1930s, regarding it as a betrayal of proletarian revolution. At the 1928 Communist International congress <mask> had sought to challenge the role of M.N. Roy in the organization.<mask> had turned hostile towards Stalin, possibly as in reaction to his failed bid to gain recognition from the Communist International in 1928. On his return to India in 1934 he appealed to the Communist Party of India (CPI) to abandon its ultra-left line. Although the CPI would later moderate its positions after the Seventh Congress of the Communist International, <mask> broke with the CPI. In May 1934 he set up an 'initiative committee' for the founding of a new party. The Communist League
Tagore formed the Communist League of India on 1 August 1934. Other founders of the Communist League included Sudhir Dasgupta, Prabhat Sen, Ranjit Majumdar and Arun Banerjee. The Communist League and the peasantry
After the formation of the Communist League <mask> began touring the Bengal country-side, organizing peasants to struggle for abolishing the zamindari system.In early 1938 <mask> built a peasants wing, the ‘Bangiyo Pradeshik Kisan Sabha’ (BPKS), separate from the CPI-led Krishak Samiti. <mask>'s BPKS demanded abolition of the zamindari system without giving any compensation to landlords, free distribution of land among the cultivators and agricultural labourers, minimization of revenue demands and cancellation of debts to moneylenders. <mask> in Assam
In 1941 the Communist League had been renamed the "Communist Party of India", but in March 1943 it was rechristened the Revolutionary Communist Party of India (RCPI) in order to differentiate it from the "official" Communist Party of India. The RCPI was the first left organization to established itself in Assam. In November 1938 <mask> visited Assam and met with a group of students and youth. His visit was organized by the Congressman Debranath Sarma. A Communist League branch was formed in the province in 1939.<mask> made a second visit to Assam in December 1941. This time he visited Khagen Barbarua at his village in Upper Assam and discussed building the party organization in the province. <mask> was expelled from Assam on 18 December 1941. Split in the RCPI
After his return to India, <mask> had been arrested a number of times by the British colonial administration and was in an out of prison for most of a decade. After being released from prison in 1948, <mask> was confronted with a sector within the RCPI, led by Pannalal Dasgupta, which insisted on turning the campaign of building panchayats into a general armed insurrection. <mask> argued, instead, that armed revolution was premature in India. The Dasgupta faction assembled an All India Party Conference in Birbhum in 1948.<mask> presented his resignation from the RCPI Central Committee, a request that the Birbhum conference rejected. Following the conference Dasgupta's followers began to gather arms and to prepare for armed struggle. <mask>, for his part, addressed a public meeting in Calcutta at which he denounced the insurrectional line of Dasgupta. <mask>'s speech pushed the Dasgupta group to accept his resignation from the Central Committee. Half a year later <mask> gathered his followers for a separate party conference, calling it the 5th Party Congress, in Burdwan. Thus there came to be two parallel RCPIs, one led by Dasgupta and one led by <mask>. The former grouping represented the majority in the RCPI.The latter of the two parties came to be known as 'RCPI (Tagore)'. It was led by <mask> until his death in 1974. Literary works
<mask> <mask> was a regular writer of Kallol group. He wrote articles in French, Russian, German, English and Bengali languages. The books Biplabi Russia, Trayee, Jatri, Rabindranather Gaan, 'Communism and Fetishism', 'Bourgeois Democratic Revolution and India', 'Permanent Revolution', 'Tactics and strategy of revolution' 'Gandhi'(French) are few of them. <mask>'s revolutionary activities led the British authorities to ban a number of his works. Family
<mask> <mask> married Srimati Hutheesingh from an aristocratic Jain Gujarati Hutheesing family of Ahmedabad.She was a student in Shantiniketan and a well known dancer and choreographer who took training in dance in India and abroad. Srimati <mask>'s brother Gunottam (Raja) Hutheesingh married Krishna Nehru, younger daughter of Motilal Nehru and sister of India's first Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru. External links to his works

 Saumyendranath Tagore Archive at Marxists Internet Archive
 Saumyendranath Tagore Archive in the website of the Revolutionary Communist Party of India

References

1901 births
1975 deaths
Soumendranath
Indian revolutionaries
Indian communists
Indian Marxists
Indian prisoners and detainees
Prisoners and detainees of British India
Indian political party founders
Revolutionary Communist Party of India politicians

masks:
Saumyendranath Tagore
Sudhindranath Tagore
Dwijendranath Tagore
Rabindranath Tagore
Tagore
Tagore
Tagore
Tagore
Tagore
Tagore
Tagore
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Tagore
Tagore
Tagore
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Saumyendranath
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Saumyendranath
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Tagore


title: Evan Harris Walker

texts:
<mask> (1935 – August 17, 2006), was an American physicist and parapsychologist. Biography
<mask> was born in Birmingham, Alabama. He received his Ph.D. in physics from the University of Maryland in 1964. He received over a dozen patents and published more than a hundred papers in scientific journals. <mask> said he had undergone a Zen enlightenment experience in 1966 while walking in a field at the University of Maryland. This led him to reassess quantum mechanics, finding its indeterminacy incomplete. He worked at the Ballistic Research Laboratories of the US Army's Aberdeen Proving Ground in Maryland.He wrote several articles which appeared in the Journal of Arthur M. Young's "Institute for the Study of Consciousness" ( founded in Berkeley in 1972). These papers greatly interested Nick Herbert and Saul-Paul Sirag, who invited him to talk to the Fundamental Fysiks Group in the mid-70s. In 1981, <mask> founded the Walker Cancer Research Institute, a nonprofit organization based in Aberdeen, Maryland, which funds public awareness of the risk of cancer and research for a cure. <mask> <mask> died, aged 70, on August 17, 2006, at Harford Memorial Hospital in Havre de Grace, Maryland. Writings

<mask> promoted the charge that Albert Einstein "stole" special relativity from his first wife, Mileva Marić. (This claim has not been accepted by mainstream historians of science.) [Pais (1994), pp.1–29; Holton (1996), pp. 177–193; Stachel (2002), p. 26-38; 39-55; Martinez, (2005), pp. 49–56.] <mask> believed that a quantum observer theory could explain paranormal phenomena. In 1979, <mask> and Richard Mattuck published a parapsychology paper proposing a quantum explanation for psychokinesis. Physicist Victor J. Stenger wrote that their explanation contained assumptions, not supported by any scientific evidence. According to Stenger their paper is "filled with impressive looking equations and calculations that give the appearance of placing psychokinesis on a firm scientific footing...Yet look what they have done. They have found the value of one unknown number (wavefunction steps) that gives one measured number (the supposed speed of PK-induced motion). This is numerology, not science." Martin Gardner noted that <mask>'s parapsychological work was not supported by any scientific evidence and his quantum mechanical calculations to explain paranormal phenomena and God were an example of pseudoscience. In the late 1990s <mask> wrote 'The Fabric of Reality', about half of that work was published as The Physics of Consciousness. The book shows how an observer collapses the wave state and actualizes reality from the probability field of the quantum mechanical process responsible for the creation of human consciousness. <mask> expanded on that with 'The Magic of Mind' which remained unpublished at the time of his death.Taken together, <mask>'s books moved the study of consciousness beyond any previous understanding and showed that something of us survives death and "opens the door to paranormal phenomena and God as Quantum Mind." Selected bibliography
 "The Scientific Study of Consciousness and its Significance for Religion," in Toward a Science of Consciousness, (Editor:  J. W. White) W. A. Benjamin Inc., Menlo Park, CA, 1974. "Science/Consciousness/Religion," Science of Mind 47, 34—43, 1974. "Consciousness and Quantum Physics," in Future Science, (Editors: John White, Stanley Krippner) Anchor Press/Doubleday, 1977. "Quantum Mechanical Tunneling in Synaptic and Ephaptic Transmission, Int. J. Quantum Chemistry 11, 103—127, 1977. "The Compleat Quantum Mechanical Anthropologist," in Parapsychology and Anthropology (Editor: Joseph K. Long), Scarecrow Press, Metuchen, NJ, 1977."The Action of Consciousness on Matter: A Quantum Mechanical Theory of Psychokinesis". In "The Iceland Papers: Select Papers on Experimental and Theoretical Research on the Physics of Consciousness: Frontiers of Physics Conference". Reykjavik, Iceland November 1977 edited by Andrija Puharich. pp. 111–159. Amherst WI: Essentia Research Associates, 1979. "The Quantum Theory of Psi Phenomena," Psychoenergetic Systems 3, 259—299, 1979."Matching Bits with the Computer," Psychology Today 15, p 108, June 1981. "Book Review: Mind at Large by C. T. Tart, H. E. Puthoff, and R. Targ," J. Parapsychology, Dec. 1981. "Book Review: The Role of Consciousness in the Physical World by Robert Jahn," Parapsychological Review 13, # 4, 18—21, 1982. "Quantum Mechanics and Consciousness," J. Indian Psychology 4, No. 2, 21—26, 1985. "Information Measures in Quantum Mechanics," Physica B 151, 332—338, 1988. "Testing Schrödinger's paradox with a Michelson Interferometer," (with Drs.E. C. May, S. J. P. Spottiswoode, and T. Piantanida), Physica B 151, 339—348, 1988. "The Quantum Theory of Consciousness," The Noetic Journal, Vol. 1 #1, June 1997, pp 100–107. Book: The Physics of Consciousness, Perseus Press: Boston, MA. Published January, 2000. "The Natural Philosophy and Physics of Consciousness," in The Physical Nature of Consciousness, edited by Philip Van Loocke, John Benjamins Amsterdam/Philadelphia pp. 63–82, 2001.(for a more complete list, see APA Bio)

See also
Quantum mind
Quantum mysticism
Measurement problem

References

 "The Physics of Consciousness: The Quantum Mind and the Meaning of Life" by <mask> <mask>, Ph.D., published in 2000 by Perseus Publishing,
 Holton (1996). Einstein, History, and Other Passions. Harvard University Press, pp. 177–193. Martinez, A. (2005). "Handling evidence in history: the case of Einstein's Wife".School Science Review, Vol. 86, No. 316 (March 2005), pp. 49–56. Pais (1994). Einstein Lived Here. Oxford University Press, pp.1–29. Stachel (2002). Einstein from 'B' to 'Z'''. Boston: Bïrkhauser, pp. 26–38; 49-56. Further reading
Donald, Matthew J. (2001).A Review of The Physics of Consciousness by <mask> <mask>. Psyche 7 (15). Stenger, Victor J. (1990). Physics and Psychics: The Search for a World Beyond the Senses''. Prometheus Books. External links
Walker Cancer Research Institute Bio

Better Business Bureau notes failure to disclose by the Walker Cancer Research Institute.The Charity Navigator rating for the Walker Cancer Research Institute. 1935 births
2006 deaths
20th-century American physicists
Parapsychologists
People from Aberdeen, Maryland
People from Birmingham, Alabama
Quantum mind

masks:
Evan Harris Walker
Walker
Walker
Walker
Evan Harris
Walker
Walker
Walker
Walker
Walker
Walker
Walker
Walker
Evan Harris
Walker
Evan Harris
Walker


title: Ylva Arkvik

texts:
<mask> (born 1961) is a prominent composer of contemporary classical music. She has written about 50 works for varying settings such as chamber ensemble, orchestra, choir, opera, theatre and electroacoustic music. Her works have been performed by Swedish ensembles and orchestras such as the Royal Stockholm Philharmonic Orchestra, the Swedish Radio Symphony Orchestra, Kroumata, the Stockholm Saxophone Quartet and Musica Vitae. Biography
<mask> was born in Sweden. She studied musicology at Uppsala University and also studied to become a cantor at Uppsala Domkapitel and at the Royal Swedish Academy of Music. After graduating as a cantor she went on to study composition at the Royal College of Music, Stockholm for renowned composers Lars Ekström, Magnus Lindberg, Per Lindgren, Lars-Erik Rosell and Sven-David Sandström. In 2000 she earned her diploma in composition.In 2001 she was elected to the Society of Swedish Composers. Between 2011-2014 she was in the board of directors of the Association of Swedish Women Composers (KVAST) and during 2014 she was elected Chairman. Since 2010 she is in the board of directors of the International Society for Contemporary Music (ISCM). Her music has been described as firmly rooted in the modernist tradition with a profoundly concentrated mode of expression, sometimes harsh and passionately intense. Selection of compositions

Orchestra
A challenge to humanity, cantata for mixed choir and wind orchestra, duration 28 min (2008). Written for the international music project Vox pacis, involving choirs and soloists from 15 different countries. First performance 22 Aug 2008 in the Blue Hall, Stockholm City Hall.Tidsgömmor for 2 sopranos, mixed choir, orchestra and electronics, duration 22 min (2005). First performance 1 May 2006, Swedish Radio P2. De som varit, de som ska komma, de som blev, for orchestra, duration 17 min (1999-2002). First performance August 2002, by the Royal Stockholm Philharmonic Orchestra, Stockholm Concert Hall. Tid läggs som tunt papper över beröringarna, for string orchestra, duration 10 min (1997). First performance by Musica Vitae, Växjö. Enigma 15, for orchestra, duration 14 min (1996).First performance 1996 at the Royal College of Music, Stockholm. Chamber orchestra
Johannes Uppenbarelse, oratorio for mixed choir, chamber orchestra, organ and electronics. First premiered 17 March 2013, Högalid Church, Stockholm. Opera
Barnet och de grå, for 2 sopranos and piano, percussion and alto saxophone, duration 19 min. Premiered 2 December 2007, Stockholm. Du får inte gå, for soprano, mezzo-soprano, baryton and 11 instruments, duration 24 min (2002). Premiered 26 July 2002, Vadstena Castle.Solitario, for 2 sopranos, 1 mezzo, 2 baryton, chamber orchestra and electronics, libretto Eva Runefelt, duration 50 min (1999). Premiered at the Plaza Theatre, Stockholm. Choir
Psalm 142, for mixed choir, duration 3 min (2009). First performance 8 March 2010 at the Högalid Church, Stockholm. En gång ska allt försvinna bort, for mixed choir, duration 4 min (1999). First performance November 1999 by Maria Magdalena Motettkör, Örebro. Rata de ciudad, for mixed choir and 3 percussionists, duration 7 min (1997).First performance by Capella Kreuzberg at Emmauskirche, Berlin. Pieces for ensembles
Lines from the future, for chamber ensemble, duration 9 min (1997). First performance by Sonanza, Stockholm. Cataract, for violin and electronics, duration 10 min (1996). First performance 31 March 2010, Kulturhuset, Stockholm. Dona nobis pacem, theatre music, duration 90 min (1996). First performance 1996, Arbogaspelen in Arboga.Pictures, for string quartet, duration 12 min (1995)., First performance 1995, Glashuset, Stockholm. Qué, for saxophone quartet, duration 7 min (1995). First performance 1995 by the Stockholm Saxophone Quartet, Fylkingen, Stockholm. Chiffer, for six percussionists, duration 8 min (1994). First performance 1994 by Kroumata, Helsingfors, Finland. Pieces for 1-3 instruments
Leave me!, for oboe and percussion, duration 8 min (2004). First performance 8 December 2009, Stockholm.Cold and clear, for violin solo, duration 4 min (2003). First performance March 2003, Royal Swedish Academy of Music, Stockholm. No comments, for alto saxophone and piano, duration 8 min (2003). First performance June 2003, Schwarzwald Festival of Music, Germany. Skarpa, vassa, for violin solo, duration 9 min (2003). First performance March 2003, Royal Swedish Academy of Music, Stockholm. Gestures, for percussion solo, duration 8 min (1997).First performance 1997, Royal College of Music, Stockholm. Esconderé, for flute solo, duration 5 min (1995). First performance 1995, Royal College of Music, Stockholm. Piano solo
Capriccio quasi fantasia, for piano, duration 6 min (2010). First performance 27 Aug 2010, Berwaldhallen, Stockholm. Spread it out, for piano and electronics, duration 15 min (2010). First performance 31 March 2010, Kulturhuset, Stockholm.Dance with me!, for piano and electronics, 11 min (2003). First performance March 2003, St: Eskil Church, Stockholm. Electronics, with or without instruments
Psalm 23 and 142, for electronics, 10 min (2009). First performance 29 April 2010, Heliga Trefaldighetskyrkan, Gävle. Herre, var är du?, for electronics, 6 min (2009). First performance 8 March 2010, Högalid Church, Stockholm. Jag ropar till Herren, for soprano and electronics, 3 min (2009).First performance 8 March 2010, Högalid Church, Stockholm. Tagel, for electronics and sounds, 13 min (20089. First performance 4 October 2008, Västerås Konserthus. Restless wind, for violin and electronics, 10 min (2007). First performance 15 November 2007, Gävle. Eko, for viola da gamba, lute, recorder and electronics, 6 min (2004). First performance November 2004, Växjö.The day before…, for recorder and electronics, 8 min (2004). First performance November 2004, Växjö. Andorien, for flute and electronics, duration 9 min (2002). First performance 2002, Johannebergskyrkan, Gothenburg. Väsen, for cello and electronics, duration 10 min (1998). First performance in 1998, Västerås. The power in between, for saxophone quartet and electronics, duration 10 min (1997).First performance 1997 by the Stockholm Saxophone Quartet, Royal College of Music, Stockholm. Clou, for electronics, duration 6 min (1995). First performance 1995, Kulturhuset, Stockholm. References

External links
 Ylva Q Arkvik web page

Living people
21st-century classical composers
1961 births
20th-century classical composers
Contemporary classical music in Sweden
Swedish classical composers
Women classical composers
Swedish women composers
20th-century women composers
21st-century women composers
20th-century Swedish women

masks:
Ylva Q Arkvik
Arkvik


title: Gordon Tucker

texts:
<mask> is a prominent rabbi, with a reputation as both a political and a theological liberal in Conservative Judaism. He is the former senior rabbi of Temple Israel Center in White Plains, New York. Since September 2020, he has served as the Vice Chancellor for Religious Life and Engagement at the Jewish Theological Seminary of America. Education and career

A 1967 graduate of the Bronx High School of Science, <mask> holds the A.B. degree from Harvard College and a PhD. (in Philosophy) from Princeton University. He was ordained a Rabbi in 1975 by The Jewish Theological Seminary of America (JTS).He has served on the faculty of JTS since 1976, currently serving as Adjunct Assistant Professor of Jewish philosophy, in addition to his duties as a congregational rabbi. From 1984 to 1992 he served as dean of the Rabbinical School at JTS. He subsequently became rabbi of Temple Israel Center in White Plains, New York, following the retirement of Rabbi Arnold S. Turetsky. <mask> has served as Chairman of the Board of the Masorti Foundation for Conservative Judaism in Israel, and as a member of the Committee on Jewish Law and Standards of the Rabbinical Assembly. In 2006, his name was listed as one of the frontrunners for the Chancellor of the Jewish Theological Seminary of America, to replace Chancellor Ismar Schorsch upon his retirement. Arnold Eisen was ultimately chosen for the position. Philosophy of Conservative Judaism
<mask>, in his writings about the Torah and the nature of divine revelation, is a leader within Conservative Judaism in articulating a position between the traditional view that the Torah is of divine origin, and a secular view, in which the Torah is seen entirely as a work of human creation.He writes, "It is the particular characteristic of Conservative Judaism to insist that religious authority is a partnership, that it comes from the reality of a revealing God and the equally inescapable reality of a seeking, evolving community through which God's words get expressed over time." The Torah, according to <mask>, "is not a
record of commanding utterances from God, but rather a record of the religious quests of a people, and of their understanding of how
God’s will commands them." <mask>'s liberalism and interest in philosophy reflect his role in Conservative Judaism as a leading scholar and interpreter of the works of Abraham Joshua Heschel (1907–1972). Heschel, a rabbi who escaped the Holocaust in Europe through the help of Hebrew Union College and ultimately joined the faculty of Jewish Theological Seminary, became famous not only for his many religious and philosophical commentaries, but also for his social activism and support of the civil rights movement. In the 1950s and '60s, the two most famous scholars at Jewish Theological Seminary were Heschel and Mordechai Kaplan (1881–1983). <mask> began his studies at Jewish Theological Seminary at a time when both Kaplan and Heschel were living. Both Kaplan and Heschel confronted more traditional elements within Conservative Judaism, but each of them sought to redefine Judaism in different ways.While Kaplan favored a positivist, rationalist, and scientific approach to Judaism, Heschel's approach was philosophical, mystical, and spiritual. In effect, Heschel and Kaplan offered competing approaches to the liberalization of Jewish theology. <mask>'s liberalism could be said to reflect Heschel's own political activism. According to Neil Gillman, a historian of Conservative Judaism, "Heschel insisted that his turn to political activism was prompted by his experience of living in Europe in the decades before World War II. He had been a personal witness to political oppression and was painfully aware that many otherwise good people stood on the sidelines and did not intervene. He was not going to repeat that pattern in America." Heschel's mystical spirituality lead him to become a champion within American Jewry of liberal causes and political activism.But <mask> is not a follower of Heschel, in the same sense that Kaplan had followers within Conservative Judaism. Rather, he is a follower of what he understands to be Heschel's tradition. For <mask>, Jewish law cannot be expressed solely through a positivist legal framework. It is motivated by an underlying and evolving sense of God's will through a process in which human beings play a critical role. To find precedent for changing Jewish law, <mask> analyzes evolving Jewish moral and legal traditions. Just as Heschel did, he turns to aggadah, the non-legalistic writings that are part of the oral and written tradition of Torah scholarship. He writes that Judaism has developed a precedent over time that rejects "the practice of punishing people, and causing them undue suffering, for things they are not responsible for."Ultimately, his proposal for a new halakhic response to homosexuality was based on this precedent. Proposed takkanah on homosexuality
<mask>'s prominence as both a political and theological liberal within Conservative Judaism is reflected in the role he played in the movement's recent debates on the issue of homosexuality. As a member of the Committee on Jewish Law and Standards (CJLS), he authored a proposed teshuvah (responsa) arguing that the biblical prohibition on male homosexuality should be overturned. In doing so, he proposed that the Conservative movement should accept a new, more liberal approach to halakhah (Jewish law). (<mask> originally offered his paper as a responsum, but the committee voted instead to consider it as a takkanah, requiring 13 votes for adoption.) An important difference between Conservative and Orthodox Judaism is that Conservative Judaism empowers modern rabbis to issue takkanot (decrees) modifying Biblical prohibitions, when perceived to be necessary. However, such decrees must be rooted in halakhic process and precedent.Conservative Judaism has adopted takkanot only for a few exceptional matters, such as the abolition of the biblical category of mamzer (a child whose mother is married to a someone other than the biological father or is the product of an incestuous relationship). Orthodox Judaism takes a more limited view as to how law can be changed. Both Conservative and Orthodox Judaism address most questions of Jewish law through responsa, through a written, rabbinical interpretation of Jewish law, analogous to a court decision. In Orthodox Judaism, responsa are the product of individual rabbis, and their authority derives from the recognition of the author within the larger Orthodox community as a posek or decisor. In Conservative Judaism, both responsa and takkanot are products of the Committee on Jewish Law and Standards, whose voting members are ordained rabbis within the Conservative movement. On December 6, 2006, The CJLS adopted three different responsa, somewhat contradictory, on issues that address the participation of male homosexuals in Conservative Judaism:

 By 13 of 25 votes, the minimum majority, the CJLS adopted a responsum authored by Rabbi Elliot N. Dorff, Daniel Nevins, and Avram Reisner, lifting most restrictions on homosexual conduct and opening the way to the ordination of openly gay and lesbian rabbis and acceptance of homosexual unions, but stopping short of religiously recognizing gay marriage. The responsum maintained the Biblical prohibition on male-male anal sex.Also by 13 of 25 votes, the committee adopted a traditionalist responsum, by Rabbi Joel Roth, reaffirming a general prohibition on homosexual conduct. By six votes, the minimum for adoption as a minority position, the committee approved another responsum by Rabbi Leonard Levy, delineating ways in which to ensure that gays and lesbians would be accorded human dignity and a respected place in Conservative communities and institutions while maintaining the authority of the traditional prohibitions against same-sex sexual activity. The Committee rejected <mask>'s takkanah. Details of this issue are discussed in Conservative Halakha. <mask>'s proposed takkanah became, in effect, a dissenting opinion. Translation and commentary on Heschel
Rabbi <mask>'s most widely known scholarly work is his translation with notes and commentaries of writings of Abraham Joshua Heschel. <mask> translated Heschel's Torah min HaShamayim BeAspaklariah shel HaDorot (Heavenly Torah as Refracted through the Generations) from the original Hebrew into English, and provided many notes, essays, and commentaries.In her forward to Heavenly Torah, Heschel's daughter Susannah Heschel describes the scope and magnitude of this translation. "<mask> (and Rabbi Leonard Levin) have done a superb job of assembling, editing, abridging, and translating a huge, not-quite-finished manuscript. Others literally died trying to translate this sprawling masterpiece. There may be some dissent from the inevitable omissions, some few typos, some doubts about <mask>'s interpretations. But on the whole, the introductions to each chapter, the explanatory notes on almost every page (including identifying Heschel's often obscure sources) are wonderful aids in working through this massive work." Heschel differed with the more legalistic approach to Torah of the Lithuanian rabbis who dominated the interpretation of halacha and the exegesis of Torah in the 20th century. He emphasized aggadah and midrash, the often speculative writings of the rabbinical sages that were outside the Torah's legal framework.Because these writings were not as heavily edited or redacted as the Mishna and Gemara, Heschel's Hebrew manuscript reflects a variety of difficult Hebrew prose styles. Or N. Rose, a reviewer of Heavenly Torah, praised <mask> and Levin for capturing the qualities of Heschel's original manuscript in their translation. "Not only is this English version a lucid and thoughtful reworking of the original text, but <mask> and Levin even manage to introduce into their translation a measure of the poeticism readers have come to expect of Heschel." Family life

<mask> is currently married to Dr. Amy Cohn, with whom he has a son and daughter, Micah and Becky. He was previously married to Hadassah Freilich (now Lieberman), with whom he has a son, Rabbi Ethan <mask>, a rosh yeshiva at Yeshivat Hadar. His first wife later married Senator Joseph Lieberman, who became the first Jewish candidate for national office with a major political party. References

Sources
  All Eyes On Rabbi <mask> At Panel, The Jewish Week
 Hazon Bio
 Temple Israel of White Plains bio (official)
 Forward article
 Haber, Gedalia."Lost In Translation: Abraham Joshua Heschel's 'Heavenly Torah'—A Review Essay". Modern Judaism, volume 29, number 3, October 2009, pp. 405-427. Heschel, Abraham Joshua. Heavenly Torah: As Refracted through the Generations. Edited and Translated with Commentary by <mask> with Leonard Levin. (New York, London: Continuum, 2004)
 Rose, Or N. Heavenly Torah in Human Hands JBooks.com, the Online Jewish Book Community.<mask>, <mask>. Halakhic and Metahalakhic Arguments Concerning Judaism and Homosexuality
 <mask>, <mask>. "The Importance of Orientation: Etz Hayyim and the Conservative Jewish Perspective." United Synagogue Review. Spring 2003

American Conservative rabbis
Living people
The Bronx High School of Science alumni
Harvard College alumni
Princeton University alumni
Jewish Theological Seminary of America semikhah recipients
Year of birth missing (living people)
20th-century American rabbis
21st-century American rabbis

masks:
Gordon Tucker
Tucker
Tucker
Tucker
Tucker
Tucker
Gordon Tucker
Gordon Tucker
Tucker
Tucker
Tucker
Tucker
Tucker
Gordon Tucker
Tucker
Tucker
Tucker
Gordon Tucker
Tucker
Tucker
Tucker
Tucker
Tucker
Tucker
Gordon Tucker
Tucker
Gordon
Tucker
Gordon


title: Antonio Soto (syndicalist)

texts:
<mask> (8 October 1897 – 11 May 1963), also known as "<mask>", was one of the principal anarcho-syndicalist leaders in the rural strikes in Patagonia of Argentina in 1921. Biography

Early years and youth
<mask> was born on 8 October 1897 in the Galician village of Ferrol (A Coruña) to <mask> and Concepción Canalejo. He arrived in Buenos Aires when he was 13 years old. Fatherless, he began a life of misery and privation in Argentina. <mask> was unable to complete much of primary school. He worked in a diverse variety of jobs, suffering exploitation and punishments. Ever since he was a boy, he was attracted to anarchist ideas, particularly those of the syndicalists.In 1914, when <mask> was 17 years old, <mask> refused to join the Spanish militia to go and fight Morocco. In 1919 he embarked with the theater company Serrano-Mendoza, which visited the different Patagonic ports in Argentina and Chile. In January 1920, a popular rebellion broke out in Trelew, Chubut. It began with a strike by commercial employees which grew in support by most of the population against the governor, the police, and the large traders. <mask> arrived and began to agitate and support the striking workers, which lead to his arrest and expulsion from Chubut. Soon after he arrived in Río Gallegos, where the militant labor climate that reigned in the city attracted him. Early Political career
Before and after the theatrical performances, <mask> attended meetings of la Sociedad Obrera de Río Gallegos (Workers Society of Río Gallegos).There he would listen to Doctor José María Borrero who was a captivating orator, who suggested <mask> stay and join the union. Borrero had realized that <mask> was a militant who had a good ideological foundation and who knew how to express himself in the union's assemblies. <mask> abandoned the theater company and settled in Patagonia, where he enrolled as a longshoreman to work in the port. On 24 May 1920 he was chosen as Secretary General of the Workers Society of Río Gallegos. In July of that year the Workers Society, in agreement with all of the unions in the rest of the province of Santa Cruz, declared a strike of all hotel personnel and dockworkers, demanding improved wages. While the dockworkers lost the strike, but the union of waiters, peasants and cooks of the hotels continued. Involvement in the First Patagonic Strike
The situation at the beginning of 1921 was as follows: the strike in Río Gallegos and Puerto Deseado was a general strike.In addition, they had declared a boycott of three shops. On 16 January, the marine Malerba, under orders of the governor Edelmiro Correa Falcón began a suppression of the striking workers. The advisor of the Workers Society, José María Borrero, is detained, along with other members, but <mask> was able to avoid arrest. <mask> traveled clandestinely to Buenos Aires to discuss the situation in the union congress. The Organización Obrera, the official newspaper of the syndicalist FORA, published news of his arrival. He participated in the national congress as a delegate of the Workers Society of Río Gallegos, where he sought support and solidarity for the conflict in Santa Cruz. The congress, with representatives from across the country, occurred in La Plata from 29 January until 5 February.<mask> criticized the congress for the lack of solidarity for the labor movement in Patagonia. The Radical government of Hipólito Yrigoyen, allied with the big landowners, sent the army to Patagonia, commanded by Lieutenant Colonel Héctor Benigno Varela to evaluate the developing situation. Upon arrival and evaluation of what led up to the strike, Varela informed the government that the landowners were at fault for the exploitation that they subjected the rural workers to and that they ought to improve working conditions. He obligated both sides to lay down their arms and for the landowners to comply with the workers' demands. Upon completion of his duties, Varela returned to Buenos Aires. Involvement in the Second Patagonic Strike
The landowners refused to comply with the agreement and continued with the layoffs, held the back pay, and maintained the poor working conditions. <mask> led the Workers Society to strike for an indefinite period of time.On 25 March 1921, a general strike was declared. The landowners and the outgoing governor Correa agitated for the return of Lieutenant Colonel Varela to Santa Cruz, whereupon he began to repress and massacre the striking workers. On 15 September 1921, <mask> and his comrades depart, heading towards the farms of the cordillera of the Andes in a long journey with cars and horses. On 31 October, he had managed to incorporate into the movement the rural workers of several large farms, driving the southeast of Santa Cruz into an uprising. They requisitioned arms and food for the campaign, granting vouchers promising to eventually return the goods and occasionally taking the landowners and managers hostage. On 5 November, all of the farms in the south of Santa Cruz were totally paralyzed. Workers took control of the roads, moving in columns of 60, 100, and 200 men who marched under the black and red flag.<mask> met with the anarchist militants Graña, Sambucetti and Mongilnitzky, whereupon they decided that while <mask> would continue leading the movement in the countryside, the latter three would try to enter Río Gallegos to replace the arrested leaders and to serve as a point of support within the city. When the three men entered Río Gallegos, they were beaten and arrested by the police. Meanwhile, the workers columns of Pintos, Ramón Outerello, and Albino Argüelles were attacked by the soldiers of Varela, suffering dozens of casualties. The movement was divided into two parts: the column of <mask> and the column of José Font (better known as Facón Grande). Until the beginning of December, <mask> had dominated all the area south of Argentino Lake and of the Viedma Lake, and his contingent was the biggest (with around 600 workers). They operated from the estancia La Anita. On 7 December, the army was nearby and the workers met in an assembly.Juan Farina, a Chilean worker, proposed that they surrender to the army and a majority of the peasants supported the decision. <mask> argued that it was necessary to continue the strike, but ultimately agrees to send two men to parley with the army and to discuss surrender, guarantees, and the fulfilment of the terms of the agreement made by Varela the year before. Upon arrival at the military encampment, the two men were immediately executed. When the army arrived at estancia La Anita and demanded the unconditional surrender of all of the striking workers. The leaders of the strike met in an assembly, where <mask> gave a dramatic speech but was ultimately ignored by a majority of the assembly, who eventually decided to surrender and end the strike. Upon their surrender, Varela's troops executed a large number of the workers. <mask> and twelve men escaped on horseback to Chile and was never captured by the authorities.Life in Chile and Final years

The Argentine military and Carabiniers of Chile pursued <mask> for five days, but he managed to hide in Puerto Natales and was able to escape to Punta Arenas on a schooner, protected by allies in the Federación Obrera de Magallanes, a local trade union. Fearing capture, he escaped on a boat and made his was to Valparaíso with the ultimate destination of Iquique in the north of Chile where he worked in a saltpeter refinery. The difficult working conditions took a toll on his health, leading him to return to Valparaíso. In 1933 he traveled incognito to Río Gallegos to explain his involvement in the 1921 strike, where he made contact with his comrades and prepared an act that was, compared to the previous strike, a disaster. <mask> was immediately expelled from the province by the governor Gregores. In exile, he became less militant but never broke with anarchism. <mask> settled in Punta Arenas and managed a small hotel, which served as a meeting place of libertarians, intellectuals, and free-thinkers.He also founded the Centro Republicano Español, the Centro Gallego, a branch of the Red Cross, and a cinema named Libertad. On 11 May 1963, <mask> died in Punta Arenas at age 65. His funeral was attended by libertarians, republicans, and students (<mask> had inspired the first students' strike in Punta Arena in support of a higher wage for teachers). His tombstone can be found in the Cementerio Municipal de Punta Arenas. In his hometown, Ferrol (Galicia), there is a street named after him. See also
Patagonia Rebelde
Anarchism in Argentina

References

1897 births
1963 deaths
Argentine anarchists
Anarcho-syndicalists

masks:
Antonio Soto Canalejo
El Gallego Soto
Antonio Soto
Antonio Soto
Soto
Soto
Soto
Soto
Soto
Soto
Soto
Soto
Soto
Soto
Soto
Soto
Soto
Soto
Soto
Antonio Soto
Soto
Soto
Soto
Soto
Soto
Soto
Soto
Soto
Soto


title: Yasuhiko Okudera

texts:
is a former Japanese football player and manager. He is currently the president of J2 League club Yokohama FC and was formerly the president of English club Plymouth Argyle. Okudera was the first Japanese footballer to play professionally in Europe, as well as being the first Asian football player to score in the European Cup, while playing for 1. FC Köln in the 1979 semi-final match against Nottingham Forest and made 32 appearances – scoring nine goals – with the Japan national team. Club career
<mask> began his playing career in 1970 as an employee of Furukawa Electric, whose soccer team played in the corporate Japan Soccer League, the top flight league in Japan at the time. In 1976, the club won the 1976 Japan Soccer League and 1976 Emperor's Cup and he was selected Best Eleven. In May 1977, the club also won 1977 JSL Cup.In the summer of 1977, during the team's trip to Germany, he was spotted by coach Hennes Weisweiler of Bundesliga club 1. FC Köln. After being offered a contract by Köln he joined the club in July 1977. Okudera made his debut on 5 October 1977, becoming the first Japanese player to play top flight football in Europe, and Köln won the Bundesliga title that year. On 20 December, he scored his first goal for Köln also achieving a brace in a 9–0 victory over Schwarz-Weiß Essen in the Quarter-final of the DFB-Pokal. On 8 April 1978, he scored his first goal in the Bundesliga in a 2–0 win against 1. FC Kaiserslautern.On 11 April 1979, Okudera scored a goal in a 3–3 draw against Nottingham Forest F.C. in the first leg of the semi-finals of the European Cup and he became the first Asian player to score in a European Cup match. After Weisweiler left Cologne during the 1980–81 season, Okudera joined second division Hertha BSC. Hertha missed promotion to the first division losing a decisive match against Werder Bremen. He then joined the newly promoted Werder Bremen, whose coach Otto Rehhagel saw his play when the two sides met and offered a contract. Under Rehhagel, he started playing as an attacking full-back instead of as a winger and finished second in the league three times between 1981–82 and 1985–86 with Bremen. In the summer of 1986, Okudera returned to his old Japanese club, Furukuwa Electric and became one of the first recognized professional players in JSL.On 26 December 1986, he scored a hat-trick in a 4–3 win over Al Hilal in the final round of the Asian Club Championship. He ended his German career with 234 appearances and 26 goals. He retired as a player in 1988.

International career
On 12 July 1972, Okudera debuted for Japan national team against Khmer. He played at 1976 Asian Cup qualification and 1978 World Cup qualification until 1977. While he played in Germany, he was not selected Japan national team from 1977 to 1986. In September 1986, when he was 34 years old, he returned to Japan and was selected Japan for 1986 Asian Games. In 1987, he also played at 1988 Summer Olympics qualification.This qualification was his last game for Japan. He played 32 games and scored 9 goals for Japan until 1987. Post-playing career
<mask>'s return home spurred the professionalization of the Japanese game, which had been stuck in amateur play for decades. He was the first native-born professional player in his home league, as before only foreigners (usually Brazilians) were paid strictly to play football by the companies. After the J1 League started play in 1993, he served as the president and manager of Furukawa, which had become JEF United Ichihara with limited success. In 1998, he joined his Köln teammate Pierre Littbarski and helped form Yokohama FC. With <mask> as president and Littbarski the manager, Yokohama climbed up the ranks from the lower-tier Japan Football League and promoted to the J1 League in December 2006.On 5 December 2003, Okudera and former South Korean star Cha Bum-kun were the Asian representatives at the preliminary draw, which determined the groupings for the qualifying matches for the 2006 World Cup. On 20 June 2008, Okudera was appointed President of the Football League Championship side Plymouth Argyle tasked with playing a global ambassador role and further strengthening the club's profile in Asia. Since this appointment Argyle have suffered a relegation and serious financial difficulties. Okudera was replaced in his role by former Fans Trust leader Chris Webb, who had played a key part in rescuing Argyle from liquidation. Okudera was selected Japan Football Hall of Fame in 2012 and Asian Football Hall of Fame in 2014. In October 2017, Yokohama FC manager Hitoshi Nakata was sacked, Okudera managed the club as caretaker. Career statistics

Club

International

Managerial statistics

Honours
Furukawa Electric
 Japan Soccer League: 1976
 Emperor's Cup: 1976
 Japanese Super Cup: 1977
 Asian Club Championship: 1986–87

1.FC Köln
 European Cup Semi-finals: 1978–79
 Bundesliga: 1977–78
 DFB-Pokal: 1977–78; runner-up: 1979–80

Werder Bremen
 Bundesliga runner-up: 1982–83, 1984–85, 1985–86

Japan
 Pestabola Merdeka runner-up: 1976

Individual
Japan Soccer League Best Eleven: 1976, 1986–87
Japan Football Hall of Fame: 2012
Asian Football Hall of Fame: 2014
IFFHS Asian Men's Team of All Time: 2021

References

External links

 Japan National Football Team Database

Japan Football Hall of Fame at Japan Football Association

1952 births
Living people
People from Kazuno, Akita
Association football people from Akita Prefecture
Japanese footballers
Japan international footballers
Japanese expatriate footballers
Japanese expatriate sportspeople in Germany
Expatriate footballers in Germany
Japan Soccer League players
Bundesliga players
2. Bundesliga players
JEF United Chiba players
1. FC Köln players
Hertha BSC players
SV Werder Bremen players
Japanese football managers
J1 League managers
J2 League managers
JEF United Chiba managers
Yokohama FC managers
Japanese football chairmen and investors
Footballers at the 1986 Asian Games
Association football midfielders
Asian Games competitors for Japan

masks: Okudera Okudera Okudera


title: Tan France

texts:
<mask><mask>" <mask> (né Safdar; ; born 20 April 1983) is a British–American fashion designer, television personality, and author. He is one of the first openly gay South Asian men on a major show and one of the first out Muslim gay men on western television as the fashion expert for the Netflix series Queer Eye, host of the web series Dressing Funny and co-host of Next In Fashion. His memoir, Naturally Tan, was released in June 2019. Early life
<mask> "<mask>" Wasim was born and raised in South Yorkshire, England, to Muslim Pakistani parents. In his memoir, France has discussed how he felt alienated due to his experience of growing up in a strict Muslim household where homosexuality was viewed negatively, the lack of representation in media of his community and of LGBTQ South Asian people in particular, and his personal experiences of physical and verbal racism in his childhood and adult life. France said: "Our home wasn't super religious but we had a profound connection to our Muslim heritage." France's interest in fashion began at a young age, inspired by the Disney clothing that was made in his grandparents' denim factory in Bury, England, where he spent time working.By age thirteen, he had learned how to construct and embellish a denim jacket. In 2019, he allegedly learned that his grandfather had to close the factory due to the products being Disney knockoffs. France attended Hall Cross School and later Doncaster College, where he studied fashion, after which he moved to Manchester, and then to London. Career
After graduating from college, France began to work as designer and director for Zara, Selfridges, and Bershka, among other retailers, to further improve his knowledge of the wholesale business of retail; he later went on to work at a number of brands in order to learn more about manufacturing. He started in menswear and later progressed in womenswear, where he majored on his fashion degree. France commented he would often work as stylist if a high-profile client came into the stores where he was working. France began working in the United States in 2008, initially living in NYC, and immigrated to the US in 2015.France was company director at Shade Clothing before he opened his solo fashion company in 2011, called Kingdom & State. The brand included clothing designed to meet Mormon clothing guidelines, a group that represented a significant population in Utah, where France was living. He later created two smaller apparel brands. France's designs were purchased by retailers ModCloth and Forever 21. The designs were displayed on the website and stores under the brand name for many years. In 2016 he later became co-founder, fashion designer, and CEO for the Rachel Parcell Inc clothing line, which was sold at Nordstrom. After selling his businesses, France officially retired, having the intention to start a family with his husband, but he was later contacted by Netflix.This started his journey as a media figure through his role as the fashion expert on Queer Eye, which premiered in February 2018. In 2019, France appeared in the music video for Taylor Swift's song "You Need to Calm Down". He also appeared in 2020 in a special charity edition of The Great British Bake Off to raise funds for Stand Up To Cancer and was the winner of the episode. That year, it was also announced that France would be co-hosting the new Netflix series Next In Fashion with Alexa Chung. In interviews with the ITV programme This Morning and with NPR, France disclosed that he had sold all three of his businesses after starting work for Netflix. In 2019 he designed an eyewear line by partnering with EyeBuyDirect. Since 2019, he is a GQ Middle East official columnist.From 2020, he is Express’ monthly stylist. France was nominated for an Emmy alongside his Queer Eye costars for best hosting as reality or competition program in July 2020. In September 2020, France was announced as a style instructor on MasterClass, an educational streaming video platform. In September 2020 The Tan France x Etsy limited edition collection was launched. France co-designed a collection of home decor and foods with thirteen independent sellers. Personal life
<mask> currently lives in Salt Lake City, Utah, with his husband, <mask>, who is a pediatric nurse and illustrator. France married his husband twice, first in London and then in NYC when it became legal.On 13 April 2021, <mask> announced on Instagram that he and Rob were expecting their first child via surrogacy. Their son <mask> was born seven weeks early on 10 July 2021 and had to spend three weeks in the NICU. France has a deep love for cooking and especially baking. He learned how to cook and sew from age nine. France was naturalized as a US citizen on 9 June 2020 after "working towards" it for ten years. He kept his British citizenship, making him a dual citizen of both countries. In September 2019, France, who is vocal about the colorism, racism and Islamophobia he has endured throughout his life, created an Instagram account called "Shaded", in which he promotes black people, people of colour and cultural diversity.In September 2020, France revealed on an episode of The Carlos Watson Show that one of the primary reasons for him leaving the UK for the United States was racism. Books
France released a memoir, Naturally Tan, in June 2019 through St. Martin's Press. It became a NYT best seller. It is about his experience growing up "gay in a traditional Muslim family, as one of the few people of colour in Doncaster, England." The memoir starts with <mask>'s childhood in England where episodes of racism were an everyday occurrence, like having to run back to school to avoid getting beat up by racist thugs. The book follows up with heavy topics such as colourism within the South Asian community and the Islamophobia he faced before and after the 9/11 attacks. Filmography

Television

Music videos

Notes

References

External links

1983 births
Living people
American fashion designers
American people of Pakistani descent
American television personalities
British emigrants to the United States
British television personalities
English fashion designers
English Muslims
English people of Pakistani descent
Gay entertainers
LGBT entertainers from England
LGBT entertainers from the United States
LGBT fashion designers
LGBT Muslims
Naturalized citizens of the United States
People from Doncaster
Television personalities from South Yorkshire

masks:
Tanveer Wasim "
Tan
France
Tanveer
Tan
Tan
Rob France
Tan
Ismail France
Tan


title: Ryu Mitsuse

texts:
<mask> ( Mitsuse Ryū, March 18, 1928 - July 7, 1999) was a Japanese novelist, science fiction writer, alternate history writer, historical novelist, and essayist. <mask> is the author of Hyakuoku no Hiru to Sen'oku no Yoru. Among his various works, this SF novel is considered as his representative work. <mask> is a founder member and was a member of the SFWJ (Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of Japan). In the West he might be best known for manga-related works and the story The Sunset, 2217 A.D. which appeared in Frederik Pohl's "Best Science Fiction for 1972". Biography

Birth and Age of student
<mask> was born at Minami-Senju, Kita-Toshima District, Tokyo Prefecture in 1928. His birth name was Kimio Chiba ().The eldest son of Kizō Chiba and Kiyo. There were three elder sisters. In around June, 1945, he evacuated to Iwate prefecture, which was his parents' homeland, from Tokyo. He transferred to kyūsei Ichinose middle school. In 1948, he graduated from this middle school and entered the Toyo University in Tokyo. But he dropped out, and entered the Meiji University. But he again dropped out in short period.He transferred to Kawamura high school and graduated from this school. In 1949, <mask> entered the department of Agriculture of the Tokyo University of Education. In 1950, he transferred to the department of Science, zoology course, and graduated from this university in 1953. In 1954, <mask> again entered the department of literature, philosophy course, in Tokyo University of Education, which he did not graduate from. During this period in Tokyo, he was engaging in literary coterie activities. Marriage
In 1955, Mitsuse proposed marriage to Chitose Iizuka, but her father opposed this proposal and rejected their marriage. Mitsuse could not marry.In 1957, <mask> became a tutor of Koganai high school of Tokyo prefecture. And next year, he obtained a stable job as a high school teacher of biology and earth science. In 1959, <mask> again proposed marriage. He talked to the father of Chitose that he would take the "surname Iizuka". Thus he was allowed to marry with Chitose, and <mask> became Kimio Iizuka (). Becoming a novelist
Before his marriage, <mask> joined "Kagaku Sōsaku Club" where Takumi Shibano was operating as a publisher and an editor of the coterie magazine "Uchū-jin" in 1957. He started publishing various short novels in  under the pen-name Mitsuse Ryū.He published first long novel "Hakengun Kaeru" in Uchūjin. (continued)

As an SF novelist, he created the Space Chronicles series. His early long SF novel Tasogare ni Kaeru () belongs to this series. Most of his short SF stories constitute this series. Rakuyō 2217 nen (, The Sunset, 2217 A.D.) is one of these stories. Works
In Japanese science fiction he might be better known for the novel , which combines interest in technology and the Buddha. It was ranked the top of the Japanese SF novels in a 2006 poll by the SF Magazine.Ten Billion Days and a Hundred Billion Nights was adapted into a manga by Moto Hagio in the late 1970s. Long Novels
 Tasogare ni Kaeru () 1964, Hayakawa Publishing
 Hyakuoku no Hiru to Sen'oku no Yoru () 1967, Hayakawa Publishing
 English translation: Ten Billion Days and One Hundred Billion Nights, 2011, Haikasoru. Having been additionally written and compiled by Yukari Tachikawa, the Biography was published in 2017. 東雅夫＆石堂藍国書刊行会（2009）
 The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction page 641

External links

1928 births
1999 deaths
Japanese science fiction writers
Japanese alternate history writers
Japanese historical novelists
20th-century Japanese novelists

masks:
Ryū Mitsuse
Mitsuse
Mitsuse
Mitsuse
Mitsuse
Mitsuse
Mitsuse
Mitsuse
Mitsuse
Mitsuse


title: Johan de Ridder

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<mask> (Pretoria, 21 January 1927 – Pretoria, 29 January 2013) was a South African architect noted for his contribution to religious and public architecture. Biography
Of the major Afrikaner church-architects, including for example Gerard Moerdijk, Wynand Louw, Hendrik Vermooten and J. Anthonie Smith, he designed and built the largest number of churches for the Reformed Churches in South Africa. In terms of public architecture, a prominent contribution is the Land Bank building in Pretoria. His inspiration, his example and his architecture, still live, Professor Schalk W le Roux (erstwhile  Head of the Department of Architecture University of Pretoria) wrote as follows in his obituary: During the second half of the Twentieth Century <mask> was an influential South African architect. He is best known for a fresh and personal approach to Reformed Church architecture, but this is not the only building type where his example was studied and emulated. It is because he reached beyond the simple requirement of function in his search and design, thus consciously allowing for local realities of climate, terrain, building material, building science and craftsmanship to be realistic and creative generators of structures. The resultant buildings and places celebrated land- and cityscapes with which they were contextually interwoven and expedited the development of a South African way of architectural thought, based on and advocating a contemporary worldview.The same values, fuelled by a love of history, language and country, found expression in restoration work, such as at Paul Kruger’s farm house at Boekenhoutfontein, where he paid tribute to past achievements, and also in houses and bigger buildings, such as the Land Bank building in Pretoria, where again he was true to the present – the time in which he lived and worked. Closest to his heart was possibly the building of churches and his pursuit was for a worthy and meaningful architecture embracing worship. His experimentation to achieve this can be traced in many of his subsequent buildings and designs. As a young architect, he was outspoken about the unchanging and "distinctive style of Gerard Moerdyk and Henry Vermooten" and inspired by the "refreshing modern work of Verhoef Smit and Viljoen who served as inspiration for me." He takes it further when he says: “[My] designs reflect a quest for a new form and aesthetic to express what is essential in a church building.” His striving was for a simplicity in form, line and plane that derives from and reflects the basic nature of worship in the Reformed Church, and its execution within the constraints of available funds. “The function of a church," he said to architecture students in 1955, shortly after the completion of his best known church in Parys, Free State, "is determined by public worship: it is the master builder. The building emerges from a plan and, in its turn, the plan is determined by the function of the building.” In addition, he argued, there was an inherent symbolism and aesthetic in his churches suggesting the Word of God moving from the pulpit, over the congregation and, through the windows, to the world beyond.Referring to the church in Parys he said: "As in many other designs, symbolism, based on biblical truth, is embedded in this structure. It is the symbolism of the church as a tent trekking through the desert of this temporary existence on the journey towards eternity.” The church is therefore a visual symbol of transience with the tent-shape a direct architectural translation of the concept of having no fixed abode. The architect's real contribution is to give form to the symbolic. <mask>’s three principles, applied to both religious and secular buildings, were firstly that the architecture should be contemporary, secondly that form should emerge from the meaning of the function and thirdly that the structure should be economic and affordable. A faithful adherence to these principles is probably one of the reasons his buildings have withstood the test of time. As an architect, he had the rare experience that his designs remained appreciated and current in his lifetime, and are still being studied and analysed as historically significant in a quest for authenticity. His work was published widely in South Africa and also internationally in both acknowledged academic journals and more popular monthly architectural magazines where his ideas and decisions are revisited and re-evaluated.His inspiration, his example and his architecture live on. <mask>'s innovative design philosophy is most exemplified in the "Dopper" church, summarised in the New York Museum of Modern Art collection of the photographs of David Goldblatt:

Paradoxically however Dopper churches were architecturally the most radical in the great wave of church building engaged in by the Afrikaner Protestant Churches between the 1940s and the late 1980s. Several of the archetypal Dopper churches, including this one, were by <mask> <mask>. Himself a Dopper, he explained his approach to me in 1994: "The Dopper Church took the lead because of the strength of its doctrine. I could approach the design of the church as the community did, trying to incorporate our beliefs in it. It was not a style. The church was a visual symbol of aspects of our faith, while simultaneously retaining the basic idea of the Reformation that all external symbols should be avoided.I couldn't accept a complicated architecture. I wanted simple wall surfaces, big roof surfaces, a plain, striking building with height and unity between interior and exterior... The triangle is essentially religious with a very vertical and spiritual character. Preaching of the Word is not confined to four walls. It must go out through big windows at the top and front of the church which is like a megaphone with the preacher at its apex." Excluding the Dutch Reformed church located in Aranos in southern Namibia, all <mask>'s designs were for buildings in the former Transvaal (province) and in the northern Free State (province). In 1986, significant restoration of the Union Buildings was undertaken by <mask> <mask> and T.W.Baker as the appointed architects

References

1927 births
2013 deaths
Afrikaner people
People from Pretoria
South African architects
University of Pretoria alumni

masks:
Johan de Ridder
Johan de Ridder
De Ridder
De Ridder
Johan de
Ridder
De Ridder
Johan de
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