title: Steven Sykes (artist)

texts:
<mask> (30 August 1914 – 22 January 1999) was a British artist, known for his Gethsemane Chapel in the rebuilt Coventry Cathedral. He was active in the British desert camouflage unit in the Second World War, and was responsible for the dummy railhead at Misheifa and for the effective camouflage and large-scale military deception in the defence of Tobruk in 1942. Early life

<mask> was born in Formby, Lancashire. His father was a family doctor, A. B<mask> of Ashhurst, Formby. He went to the Oratory School in Caversham, Berkshire and studied stained glass design at the Royal College of Art. He won a travel scholarship to France and Italy in 1936 and on his return he joined Herbert Hendrie's stained glass studio in Edinburgh.<mask> married artist Jean Judd in February 1940. At his death in 1999, he left two sons and a daughter. World War II camouflage

<mask>'s RCA tutor, Barry Hart, who knew Freddie Beddington, founder of the Camouflage Development and Training Centre at Farnham Castle, suggested he become a camouflage officer. Richard Buckley, one of the Farnham lecturers, promptly recruited <mask> as an officer in the Royal Engineers. He was posted to France in March 1940 and evacuated from Dunkirk in May. Only then did he go on a camouflage training course at Farnham. <mask> had a difficult start to his next posting, in the Middle East.He was almost killed in a car accident on a steep road to the Horns of Hattin in Palestine. His car was fired on by a French warship as he drove to Sidon; he noticed tiny flashes blinking on the side of the ship, shortly followed by explosions on the road in front of him. He was violently sick on an aerial reconnaissance flight, and he became ill with malaria, ending up in hospital in Jerusalem. <mask> quickly realised that camouflage in the desert would need to use different techniques from what he had learnt at Farnham. He described how military units arrived in North Africa "with camouflage nets garnished in greens and browns suited to European landscapes and, as good disciplinarians, they had pegged them out stiffly over the pale sand round their halted vehicles". The head of the British Middle East Command Camouflage Directorate in Egypt, Geoffrey Barkas, described <mask> as "an excellent camouflage officer technically, and one who thinks about camouflage in terms of battle." Barkas made <mask> the British Army's first ever "Grade 2 Camouflage Staff Officer".Dummy railhead at Misheifa

<mask>'s first job as Camouflage Staff Officer was to camouflage the "enormous" 70-mile-long (110 km) railway line from the sea to the railhead at Misheifa, essential to bring up military materiel for Operation Crusader. On timidly entering his first staff meeting, the commander, Brigadier Robertson, memorably asked him, "Who the hell are you?". <mask> replied "Camouflage, sir". Robertson showed <mask> the plan for the railhead with depot, marshalling yard, sidings, sheds and facilities. "How are you going to hide this lot then? ", he asked. <mask> suggested a dummy railhead, and was astonished when the brigadier agreed.Later that same day, <mask> proposed a plan to build a 9-mile (14 km) dummy railway ending in a real-looking terminus complete with sidings and buildings. The dummy had two purposes: to divert aerial attacks from the real railhead, and to deceive the enemy into believing that the British attack would not begin until the dummy was completed. <mask> was determined not to make the mistake of the new units with easily spotted camouflage nets. He asked the Royal Air Force to fly him over the real railhead to see what a mock-up would have to resemble. His plan was to make it good enough to deceive an observer flying at  or higher, relying on the desert heat haze to make precise observation impossible. Materials were in short supply, so the available wood, just  of timber, was doubled by laboriously splitting it in half lengthways, by hand. Since <mask>'s calculations showed there would still not be enough material, he decided to scale the whole railway down to 2/3 of life size.The dummy railway wagons and other vehicles, including tanks, were built mainly from palm fronds, which were commonly woven into light hurdles in Egypt at that time. Some of the track was made from flimsy British 4-gallon petrol cans, hammered flat and then formed into shape over real steel rails. Then <mask> and the Camouflage Unit sat and waited for the dummy installation to be attacked. Barkas remarked "I think that camouflage men must be among the few otherwise sane beings who yearn to be bombed". Finally on 22 November 1941, amidst jokes about wooden bombs being dropped on wooden railways, about 9 real bombs were dropped. The camoufleurs over-excitedly let off all 11 flares to simulate fires and explosions caused by the bombing. A captured map showed the enemy had identified the dummy as a genuine railhead.<mask> had succeeded. Julian Trevelyan visited Egypt to report back to London on the techniques that the Camouflage Unit were developing. Trevelyan described <mask> as "the most intelligent and sympathetic camouflage officer that I have yet met out here". The Commander-in-Chief of the Eighth Army, Lieutenant General Neil Ritchie, sent <mask> a signal:

In February, after the retreat to Gazala, <mask> met the secretive Dudley Clarke, whom he described as "a very spruce, senior (and elderly) Staff Officer in an immaculate British camel-hair coat. There was an air of mystery about him." <mask> knew that Clarke "wielded deceptive powers via wireless messages and agents". Deception was moving from improvisation to strategic planning.Dummy port at Ras al Hilal

The army was keen to follow up on the success with the dummy railhead, and late in December 1941 <mask> was asked by Brigadier General Staff, John Whitely, how he could protect the ports of Derna, Tobruk and Benghazi from bombing. Stroud suggested building a dummy port apparently suitable for handling large amounts of military materiel including tanks. Again, the goal was to distract the enemy from the real ports and waste effort on attacking the dummy instead. The plan was approved and named "Operation Belsea". <mask> chose Ras al Hilal, at the northernmost point of Libyan Cyrenaica. This was where Benito Mussolini had intended to build a magnificent port to welcome Italian settlers to the colony. The dummy installations included oil storage tanks made of wood, thin steel tubing and hessian cloth.A partially destroyed tunnel was made to look as if it was fully restored, using a gigantic "painted cloth", a canvas painted with a perspective of a working tunnel. The harbour was populated with dummy ships and jetties. By 25 January 1942 the dummy port was ready, and <mask> threw a party to celebrate. While the party was in full swing, an order arrived: Belsea was cancelled, as Rommel was advancing on Benghazi. <mask> destroyed all the plans, and burned or blew up all the dummy installations. <mask> never got the chance to work on anything so large again. He missed out through illness and exhaustion on Operation Bertram, the major deception for the Second Battle of El Alamein: Barkas sent him by flying boat to Baghdad to recuperate, consoling him with promotion to General Staff Officer Grade 2.In Rick Stroud's view, <mask> had made an enormous contribution to British military camouflage. He had, writes Stroud, "helped change the notion that the desert was a hopeless place for camouflage, where the only thing to be done was to disperse vehicles. His deception schemes, especially the dummy railhead, had made the authorities realise that the rock and sand of the desert wasteland was a theatre where the enemy could be deceived by the substitution of the real for the false and vice versa". These ideas were put to the test by Barkas in Operation Bertram. D-Day camouflage

In the D-Day landings of June 1944, <mask> camouflaged snipers and made screens to block enemy sight lines, just as he had done at Tobruk. The violent scenes made an impression on him which he sought to recreate in paintings and drawings. Artistic career

<mask> is regarded as a significant 20th century artist and his work is cited in the listings of many important and highly regarded buildings by Historic England.The Twentieth Century Society has called him a "nationally significant artist", such that his former home is now a non-designated historic asset and there have been calls for it to be listed. <mask> contributed artwork to many churches in the UK and had an association with architects such as Basil Spence and Gerard Goalen. <mask> worked with Spence on Coventry Cathedral, while Goalen commissioned works from <mask> in churches he was reordering or designing. <mask>' career as an artist began when his wife Jean taught him pottery. He became an expert in making relief tiles and Picasso-like vases. He showed these at the 1951 Festival of Britain. <mask> taught at the Chelsea School of Art from 1946 to 1979.In 1947 he created a series of neo-Romantic landscape paintings and drawings. He wanted to become known as a war artist, and while he produced a sequence on the D-Day landings, these may have been created after the war. His war art finally came to public notice in 1984 through a Sunday Times magazine feature on his D-Day watercolours. These were included in his 1990 book about his wartime exploits Deceptive Ever: The memoirs of a camouflage officer. Meanwhile, in 1989, the New York art dealer Guillaume Gallozzi included <mask> as a "discovery" in an exhibition of British war artists; a similar exhibition took place in 1990, in cooperation with the British Council USA, at the National Museum of the United States Navy in Washington DC. In 1992 Gallozzi mounted a group and a solo exhibition for <mask>. Coventry Cathedral

One of <mask>'s best-known work is the Gethsemane Chapel mosaic in The Cathedral of St Michael, Coventry.<mask> was invited to contribute to the cathedral by its architect, Basil Spence, who had himself also been a camouflage officer during the war. The figure of the "consciously Byzantine" angel, St Michael, and Jesus's disciples asleep at Gethsemane are modelled like his pottery figures in reverse relief, but then cast in concrete. The background is covered in gold leaf and blue tesserae, forming a mosaic. According to Tanya Harrod in The Independent, "The result was dazzling." Our Lady Lillington

<mask> produced mosaic work for the Grade II listed Our Lady of Lillington, Royal Leamington Spa, with his work being part of the reason for the church's listing. Historic England describes <mask>' contribution as: "a glass mosaic designed and executed by <mask>, who had created mosaic work at Basil Spence's Coventry Cathedral; it consists of the Chi-Rho symbol above an Alpha and Omega motif". St Gregory, South Ruislip

In 1965 <mask> co-operated with the architect Gerard Goalen on the re-ordering of Grade II St Gregory the Great in South Ruislip, for which he produced a lintel sculpture.The scholar of architecture Robert Proctor says: "Goalen commissioned <mask> to make a bold sculptural lintel in bronze over the entrance." Proctor goes on to comment that Patrick Reyntiens, who made the stained glass at St Gregory, and Ralph Beyer who carved inscriptions had both worked with <mask> at Coventry. In its listing of this church, Historic England says: "reflective of a culture of sacred art within the Catholic Church, and Goalen’s interest in the use of contemporary art in combination with architecture, St Gregory’s contains several notable works of art by a number of highly regarded C20 artists, including Patrick Reyntiens, <mask>, Dom Charles Norris and Willi Soukup". British Pavilion

Basil Spence, who <mask> worked with on Coventry Cathedral, later invited <mask> to design the fountain sculpture for the British Pavilion at Expo 67 in Montreal. War Memorial Chapel, National Cathedral, Washington DC

The chapel honours people who have served in the US military. Above the altar is an artwork called "The Suffering Christ" which was designed and executed by <mask>. The torn sheets of brass in the halo simulate brass cannon shells.The spikes inside the halo are cast aluminium-coloured to remind the viewer of barbed wire. The copper rays of light in the halo look like bayonets. Phoenix School, Tower Hamlets

This Grade II* listed special school by Farquaharson and McMorran (1951–52) in Tower Hamlets includes four reliefs by <mask> which are noted in its listing. Other works

In 1968, <mask> produced a large metal sculpture of Christ (Christus Resurrexit) to hang on the sanctuary wall of St Joseph Church, Retford, Nottinghamshire, which was being re-ordered by Gerard Goalen. <mask>'s artworks include several contributions to 'Pictures for Schools: Art, Education and Reconstruction in Post-war Britain'. Natalie Rose Bradbury notes: "He regularly submitted both drawings and works on paper to the scheme, as well as reliefs and sculptures. Many of them were themed around animals, and proved to be popular with child visitors".His other works include:

 Tiles for the Dorchester Hotel
 A tapestry for Hammersmith and West London College Library
 Decorative relief panels for Sainsbury's in Braintree which depict the themes of food and drink
 Panels for the Pallant House Gallery in Chichester
 Two large murals for New Century Hall, Manchester which depict musicians (1963)

See also

 List of camoufleurs

References

Sources

Books

Journals
 Art & Antiques. 1993. <mask>. Volume 15. Page 86. The New Yorker. 1992. Review.F-R Publishing. Volume 68. Page 10. External links

Camoufleurs
1914 births
1999 deaths
British ceramists
British watercolourists
20th-century ceramists
British Army personnel of World War II
Royal Engineers officers

masks:
Steven Barry Sykes
Sykes
. Sykes
Sykes
Sykes
Sykes
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Steven Sykes
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Steven Sykes
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Stephen Sykes
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Steven Sykes


title: Dean Leacock

type: original

texts:
<mask> (born 10 June 1984) is an English professional footballer who plays for Lowestoft Town. He is primarily  a centre-back, but he can also play as a right back or a defensive midfielder. Career

Fulham
Born in Croydon, London, <mask> signed his first professional contract on a three-year deal. At the time, he was known as an up-and-coming central defender, tipped by many to become the new Rio Ferdinand. <mask> made his professional debut as an eighteen-year-old for Fulham in a League Cup defeat against Wigan Athletic on 4 December 2002. After playing in another League Cup defeat by Wigan on 23 September 2003, <mask> made his Premier League debut in a 2–0 win over Blackburn Rovers on 28 September 2003. He made four consecutive league appearances for Fulham before his run in the team was cut short when he tore knee ligaments in the pre-match warm up before Fulham's 3–1 over Manchester United on 25 October 2003.The injury ruled him out for the season. Despite the injury, <mask> signed a new deal with Fulham until 2006. <mask> returned to fitness in time for the start of the 2004–05 season. On 10 September 2004, he joined Coventry City on a loan for a month, in a deal that was later extended to the end of the year. He made his debut for Coventry in a 3–0 defeat by Leeds United on 11 September 2004. He made 1 cup and 8 league appearances for Coventry before injury prompted an early return to Fulham. He returned to Coventry on loan in January 2005 and made a further 5 league and 2 cup appearances before his spell with the club was again cut short by injury.<mask> then made 5 league and 2 cup appearances for Fulham during the 2005–06 season, signing a new contract at the end of the season. In July 2006, <mask> was poised to join League One side Swansea City in a £375,000 deal, but the deal collapsed at the last minute. However, on 10 August 2006, it was announced that he would join Derby County in a £375,000 transfer. Derby County

<mask> made his Derby debut in a 2–1 win over Hull City on 12 August 2006. He was a regular first team player in his first season at the East Midlands club, playing 38 league games and playing in all 3 games of the Championship playoffs as Derby were promoted to the Premiership as playoff winners. <mask> played his first Premier League game for Derby on 18 August 2007, in a 4–0 defeat by Tottenham Hotspur. In what would be a disastrous season for Derby that would end in relegation, <mask> played 26 League games, captaining Derby for the first time in a 2–1 defeat by Liverpool on 26 December 2007 and scoring an own goal in a 2–2 draw against his former employers Fulham on 29 March 2008.<mask> was out of the first team picture at the start of the 2008/09 season with manager Paul Jewell telling <mask> he would listen to any offers for him. However, following Derby's disappointing start to the season, and with the retirement of Derby captain Alan Stubbs, he found himself brought back into the first eleven, and taken off the transfer list. He made his first appearance of the season in a 1–0 defeat by Southampton on 23 August 2008. <mask> subsequently started seven of Derby's eight game unbeaten run that took them from the bottom of the table to within reach of the playoffs by the start of October, forming a good partnership with Martin Albrechtsen. On 18 October 2008 he was rewarded with a new contract to keep him at the club until 2012. After suffering a hamstring injury in Derby's 4–1 League Cup win over Brighton on 4 November 2008, <mask> went on to miss the rest of the season, and was ultimately out for eight months through hamstring and pelvis injuries that at times left him unable to walk. <mask> made his first appearance of the 2009/10 season in a 1–0 defeat by Sheffield United on 12 September 2009.He went on to play 12 out of 17 league games, before bruising his kneecap in a 2–1 defeat against Doncaster Rovers on 12 December 2009. After sitting out three games as a precaution, <mask> was ruled out for four to six weeks. After undergoing knee surgery, his comeback was delayed until the end of February and he returned to full training and reserve team action at the start of March. <mask> returned to first team action on 16 March, coming on as a substitute in a 2–2 draw against Middlesbrough, making two more substitute appearances before starting his first game in over three months, in a 1–0 win over Leicester City on 27 March. In Derby's next game, against Coventry City a week later, <mask> was forced off at half time with knee ligament damage, and was ruled out for the rest of the season. <mask> returned to full training in time for Derby's pre-season campaign and started the 2010/11 season as Derby's first choice centre back (alongside Shaun Barker) and played the full 90 minutes of each of the opening eight league and cup games of the campaign, even notching the first goal of his 9 year senior career, on 18 September 2010, against Barnsley at Oakwell in a 1–1 draw. He made his 100th career league appearance in a 5–0 win over Crystal Palace on 25 September 2010 but sustained a hamstring injury which ruled him out for several weeks.He returned to the first team ahead of schedule on 16 October 2010, reuniting with Barker at the heart of the Derby defence as they ran out 3–0 winners over Preston North End. <mask> held his place in the team over the next two months but came in for severe criticism from Derby manager Nigel Clough after his performance in a 5–2 defeat by local rivals Nottingham Forest. After this, <mask> made only three starts over the next 12 months before it was announced that had left the club by mutual concent and was set to sign for League One side Leyton Orient. Leyton Orient
On 14 January 2012, <mask> joined League One side Leyton Orient on a contract until the end of the 2011–12 season. Notts County
On 26 June 2012, <mask> joined League One side Notts County on a two-year contract. He made his first competitive appearance in a 2–1 win over Crewe Alexandra. Crawley Town
<mask> joined Crawley Town on 17 July 2014, after the expiration of his contract with Notts County.Whitehawk
Leacock joined Whitehawk on 2 October 2015, after Crawley failed to renew his initial one-year contract deal, making his debut in a 6–0 home win against St. Albans City the following day. References

External links

<mask> profile at the Football Association website

1984 births
Living people
Footballers from Croydon
English footballers
England youth international footballers
Association football defenders
Association football midfielders
Association football utility players
Fulham F.C. players
Coventry City F.C. players
Derby County F.C. players
Leyton Orient F.C. players
Notts County F.C. players
Crawley Town F.C.players
Whitehawk F.C. players
Welling United F.C. players
Billericay Town F.C. players
Lowestoft Town F.C. players
Premier League players
English Football League players

masks:
Dean Leacock
Leacock
Leacock
Leacock
Leacock
Leacock
Leacock
Leacock
Leacock
Leacock
Leacock
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Dean Leacock


title: Nathaniel Clark Smith

texts:
<mask> (often Major N<mask>; July 31, 1877 – October 8, 1935) was an important African-American musician, composer, and music educator in the United States during the early decades of the 1900s. Born on the Army base at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, <mask> began his music education very early organizing bands in Wichita starting in 1893. His strict military style leadership led to prominence and over the next 30 years he would lead bands in Chicago, Wichita, Kansas City, the Tuskegee Institute, and in St. Louis. He was an important educator for many of the prominent early Jazz musicians from Kansas City, Chicago, and St. Louis. He died in 1935 as the result of a stroke. Many primary documents about <mask>'s life have been lost as a result of a fire that destroyed most of his personal documents. Early life
<mask> was born July 31, 1877 (or possibly in 1866) in Fort Leavenworth, Kansas to Dan and <mask>.His father was an Army Trumpeter at the fort. His mother was half Cherokee. At Fort Leavenworth, he learned music under the German bandleader H.E. Gungle who identified <mask>'s talent and encouraged him to continue his musical education. After finishing formal education, he worked briefly in Kansas City in the publishing industry before beginning service in the Army at Fort Sill, Oklahoma as an Army trumpeter in 1891. However, eye problems prevented him from pursuing a military career, so he moved with his wife, <mask> (née Lawson), to Wichita, Kansas in 1893. <mask> claimed that his father knew Frederick Douglass and that at the age of eight the younger <mask> accompanied Douglass in playing the famous Negro spiritual, and song that would become a famous arrangement of <mask>'s, Steal Away to Jesus.Bandleader
Wherever he moved, <mask> would organize a variety of different bands and choirs. These included beginner bands, youth touring bands, choral societies, and even symphony orchestras. He began organizing bands in Wichita where one of the bands was selected to attend the 1893 Chicago World's Fair. While in Chicago with the band <mask> signed an agreement with Lyon & Healy to work in their music publications division by organizing a number of bands and choruses. For this job, he moved to Chicago where he started a number of bands. In addition, he led the band for the Eighth Illinois Infantry unit for four years. During this time, he went with the infantry unit to the front lines in the Spanish–American War where he met Theodore "Teddy" Roosevelt at the Battle of San Juan Hill.His military rank and promotion during this period are not precisely clear, however, it is generally contended that during this period he achieved the rank of Major in the United States Army. While living in Chicago he studied at the Chicago Musical College, where he had to register as a "private student" to attend classes at the otherwise all white school. It was during this time in Chicago that his daughter Anna was born. He returned to Kansas City in 1898 in order to lead a youth band on an 18-month tour of Europe and Australia which would include a performance at the 1900 Paris Exposition. After touring, <mask> returned and continued forming and leading bands in Chicago and Wichita until 1905. In that year, Teddy Roosevelt convinced him to become the bandleader at the Tuskegee Institute led by Booker T. Washington. To honor his new institution, he composed the Tuskegee Institute March.After eight years at the Tuskegee Institute, <mask> decided to leave because of a rumored disagreement between him and Washington about the number of plantation songs in his orchestral arrangements. Once again, his connection with Teddy Roosevelt, led him to accept a position to head the military and music departments at the Western Baptist University in Kansas City in 1913. His rigorous instruction and strong results led to <mask> leaving the university to join the Lincoln High School in Kansas City in 1916. Although his instruction was quite strict, he began encouraging students to experiment with the developing new musical genre of Jazz. He moved again in 1922 to become the bandleader at the Wendell Phillips Academy High School in Chicago. At each place he moved, <mask> was noted for organizing many bands in the area including the first African-American symphony orchestra, a number of women's choruses and bands, and youth bands (including the Chicago Defender's Newsboys Band, which included a young Lionel Hampton). In 1931, he moved again to begin teaching at Sumner High School in St. Louis, Missouri.Although he continued organizing a number of community bands and musical societies, it was in St. Louis that his work achieved the most wide success. His composition Negro Folk Suite won the Wannamaker Prize in 1932 and was performed by the St. Louis Symphony Orchestra that same year. During the same period, CBS Radio broadcast a weekly program from 1933 until 1935 titled St. Louis Blues with <mask> as the bandleader. Death and legacy
<mask> returned to Kansas City in 1935. After attending the Joe Louis versus King Levinsky boxing match in Chicago in August 1935 and returning home to Kansas City, he suffered a stroke. He died on October 8, 1935. The University of Missouri-Kansas City page about <mask> calls him "America's Greatest Colored Bandmaster" and his legacy was significant on African-American music and particularly on jazz.He was very rigorous and strict with his musical instruction. One student, Harlan Leonard explained that <mask> was "short, gruff, military in bearing, wore glasses and was never without his full uniform and decorations. His language was rather rough and occasionally shocking to the few young ladies who were taking music classes, though never offensive." The students he instructed who went on to have significant musical careers include:
 Lammar Wright, Sr.
 Harlan Leonard
 Walter Page
 Eddie Cole, brother of Nat King Cole and Ike Cole
 Lionel Hampton
 Milt Hinton
 Ray Nance
 Jimmy Forrest
 Jessalyn Coleman
 Roberta Dodd Crawford
 Quinn Wilson
 Hayes Alvis
 Ernie Wilkins
 Pauline James Lee – who would become the President of the Chicago University of Music

<mask> composed almost 100 works and many of these and his other arrangements are notable. Many involved creating musical accompaniment for Negro spirituals and plantation songs. The list of notable compositions include:
 Steal Away to Jesus
 Frederick Douglass Funeral March
 'Tuskegee Institute March
 Negro Folk Suite

In addition, he wrote a number of pieces on music practice. This included a weekly column for The Call Newspaper and two books:
 The Elements of Music
 New Jubilee Songs for Quartette, Choir or Chorus

References

1877 births
1935 deaths
American jazz educators
African-American jazz composers
People from Fort Leavenworth, Kansas
Musicians from Kansas
African-American jazz musicians
American bandleaders
American people of Cherokee descent
20th-century African-American people

masks:
Nathaniel Clark Smith
. Clark Smith
Smith
Smith
Nathaniel Clark Smith
Maggie Smith
Smith
Laura Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
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title: Francis Ellingwood Abbot

texts:
<mask> (November 6, 1836 – October 23, 1903) was an American philosopher and theologian who sought to reconstruct theology in accord with scientific method. His lifelong romance with his wife Katharine Fearing Loring forms the subject of If Ever Two Were One, a collection of his correspondence and diary entries. Biography
As a spokesman for "free religion", he asserted that Christianity, understood as based on the lordship of Christ, is no longer tenable. He rejected all dogma and reliance on Scriptures or creeds, teaching the truth is open to every individual. <mask> graduated from Harvard University and the Meadville Theological School. He served Unitarian churches in Dover, New Hampshire, and Toledo, Ohio, but his ministry proved controversial, and in 1868 New Hampshire's highest court ruled that the Dover, New Hampshire, First Unitarian Society of Christians' chosen minister was insufficiently "Christian" to serve his congregation. See Hale v. Everett, 53 N.H. 9 (1868).The Rev. Abbot had, it said, once preached that:

Whoever has been so fired in his own spirit by the overwhelming thought of the Divine Being as to kindle the flames of faith in the hearts of his fellow men, whether Confucius, or Zoroaster, or Moses, or Jesus, or Mohammed, has thereby proved himself to be a prophet of the living God; and thus every great historic religion dates from a genuine inspiration by the Eternal Spirit. In another sermon, the court noted, Rev. <mask> had even declared that

America is every whit as sacred as Judea. God is as near to you and to me, as ever he was to Moses, to Jesus, or to Paul. Wherever a human soul is born into the love of truth and high virtue, there is the "Holy Land." Wherever a human soul has uttered its sincere and brave faith in the Divine, and thus bequeathed to us the legacy of inspired words, there is the "Holy Bible.""If Protestantism would include Mr. <mask> in this case," New Hampshire's highest court concluded,

it would of course include Thomas Jefferson, and by the same rule also Thomas Paine, whom Gov. Plumer of New Hampshire called "that outrageous blasphemer," that "infamous blasphemer," "that miscreant Paine," whose "Age of Reason" Plumer had read "with unqualified disapprobation of its tone and temper, its coarse vulgarity, and its unfair appeals to the passions and prejudices of his readers." Hale v. Everett, 53 N.H. 9, 87-88 (1868). But opinions concerning <mask> diverged widely. Frederick Douglass, for example, praised <mask> for doing "much to break the fetters of religious superstition, for which he is entitled to gratitude." Letter from Hon. Frederick Douglass to Rev.M.J. Savage (June 15, 1880), published in Farewell Dinner to <mask> <mask>, on Retiring from the Editorship of "The Index" 48 (George H. Ellis, 1880). Following the controversy in New Hampshire, <mask> left the ministry in 1868 to write, edit, and teach. <mask>'s theological position was stated in Scientific Theism (1885) and The Way Out of Agnosticism (1890). On the latter book Josiah Royce wrote an article so scathing that <mask> took it as an unfair attempt to destroy his reputation, and eventually responded publicly with Mr. Royce's Libel (1891 October) in which he sought redress from Royce's employer Harvard University. The debate moved to the pages of The Nation, where Charles Sanders Peirce took <mask>'s side; William James and Joseph Bangs Warner, less so. In his 1903 obituary of <mask>, Peirce praised <mask>'s philosophical work and love of truth, and wrote that, in the introduction to Scientific Theism (wherein <mask> criticized nominalism and traced it through Kant among others), <mask> "put his finger unerringly [...] upon the one great blunder of all modern philosophy." (For the full texts of the public controversy and the obituary, see "External links" below.)<mask> committed suicide in 1903 by taking sleeping pills at his wife's gravesite in Central Cemetery, Beverly, Massachusetts, on the 10th anniversary of her death. See also
American philosophy
List of American philosophers

Notes

External links

 <mask>, F. E. (1891), A Public Appeal for Redress to the Corporation and Overseers of Harvard University, Geo. H. Ellis, 141 Franklin Street, 48 pages, Gutenberg Eprint. <mask>, F. E. (1885) Scientific Theism, University Press, John Wilson and Son, Cambridge (MA). "Introduction" via Arisbe. Third Edition (1888) xvii + 219 pages. , 3rd edition (1888), via Google Books.1
Eprint, 3rd edition (1888) via Internet Archive.<mask>, F. E. (1906), The Syllogistic Philosophy or Prolegomena to Science, Little, Brown, and Company, Boston, two vols., vol. 1, xiii + 317 pages, vol. 2, vi + 374 pages. {| cellSpacing=0
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 of vol. 1 via Google Books.1
 of vol. 2 via Google Books.1
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Eprint of vol. 1 via Internet Archive.Eprint of vol. 2 via Internet Archive. |}
 <mask>, F. E. (1890), The Way Out of Agnosticism, or the Philosophy of Free Religion, London: MacMillan and Co, and Cambridge, USA: University Press: John Wilson and Son, via Internet Archive1
 Royce, Josiah (1890), "Dr. <mask>'s 'Way Out of Agnosticism", International Journal of Ethics v. 1, n. 1, October, Philadelphia: International Journal of Ethics and London: T. Fisher Unwin, pp. 98–113 via Google Books.1. <mask>, F. E. (1891), Professor Royce's Libel: Public Appeal for Redress to the Corporation and Overseers of Harvard University, public letter (dated October 1, 1891) published as pamphlet, Boston: G. H. Ellis, via Internet Archive. Peirce, C. S. (1891 November 12), "<mask> against Royce" (letter in support of <mask>), The Nation v. 53, n. 1376, New York: The Evening Post Publishing Company, p. 372 via Google Books.1
 James, William (1891 November 19), "<mask> against Royce" (letter dated November 15, 1891), The Nation, v. 53, n. 1377, pp. 387–388 via Google Books.1
 Warner, Joseph Bangs (1891 November 26), "The Suppression of Dr. <mask>'s Reply" (letter dated November 20, 1891), The Nation v. 53, n. 1378, p. 408 via Google Books.1
 <mask>, F. E. (1891 December 3), "Mr. Warner's 'Evidence in Full' Completed" (letter dated November 28, 1891), along with editor's note declining further responses, The Nation v. 53, n. 1379, p. 426 via Google Books.1
Appleton's Cyclopedia of American Biography, edited by James Grant Wilson, John Fiske and Stanley L. Klos.Six volumes, New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1887–1889
 Bishop Quaid and <mask>, F. E. (1876), The Public School Question, as Understood by a Catholic American Citizen and a Liberal American Citizen: Two Lectures before the Free Religious Association in Horticultural Hall, Boston, Free Religious Tracts No. 5, The Free Religious Association, Boston, 100 pages, Eprint via Internet Archive.1
Grave of <mask> <mask> at Central Cemetery, Beverly, MA
The family papers of <mask> <mask> are in the Andover-Harvard Theological Library at Harvard Divinity School in Cambridge, Massachusetts. The historical records of <mask> <mask> are held by Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Peirce, C. S. (1903), "To the Editor of The Nation" (obituary for F. E. <mask>), dated Oct. 27, 1903, published Nov. 5, 1903, The Nation v. 77, n. 2001, p. 360. Eprint (scroll down). Google Books Eprint

1 Users outside the USA may not yet be able to gain full access to editions linked through Google Books. See official Google Inside Google Book Search blog post "From the mail bag: Public domain books and downloads", November 9, 2006, 11:19 AM, posted by Ryan Sands, Google Book Search Support Team, Eprint

1836 births
1903 deaths
Harvard College alumni
Philosophers from Massachusetts
19th-century American philosophers
Suicides by poison
19th-century Unitarian clergy
People from Boston
General Society of Colonial Wars
Philosophical theists
1903 suicides

masks:
Francis Ellingwood Abbot
Abbot
Abbot
Abbot
Abbot
Frank Abbot
Francis Ellingwood
Abbot
Abbot
Abbot
Abbot
Abbot
Abbot
Abbot
Abbot
Abbot
Abbot
Abbot
Abbot
Abbot
Abbot
Abbot
Abbot
Abbot
Abbot
Abbot
Abbot
Abbot
Abbot
Francis Ellingwood
Abbot
Francis Ellingwood
Abbot
Francis Ellingwood
Abbot
Abbot


title: Elliot Ackerman

texts:
<mask> (born April 12, 1980) is an American author. He is the son of businessman <mask> and author Joanne Leedom-Ackerman and the brother of mathematician and wrestler Nate Ackerman. Early life
At the age of nine, his family moved to London. The family moved back to Washington, DC, when he was fifteen. Ackerman studied literature and history at Tufts University, graduating summa cum laude and Phi Beta Kappa in 2003, completing a special program in which he earned his bachelor's and master's degrees in five years, rather than the usual six. He holds a master's degree in International Affairs from the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy. He also completed many of the United States military's most challenging special operations training courses.Career
Beginning in 2003, Ackerman served eight years in the U.S. Marine Corps, working as both an infantry and special operations officer. He served multiple tours of duty in the Middle East and Southwest Asia. As a Marine Corps Special Operations Team Leader, he was the primary combat advisor to a 700-man Afghan commando battalion responsible for capture operations against senior Taliban leadership. He also led a 75-man platoon that aided in relief operations in post-Katrina New Orleans. He was briefly attached to the Ground Branch of the Central Intelligence Agency's Special Activities Division. Ackerman served as Chief Operating Officer of Americans Elect, a political organization known primarily for its efforts to stage a national online primary for the 2012 US Presidential Election. As one of its officers, Ackerman was interviewed extensively, notably on NPR's Talk of the Nation.Ackerman has served on the board of the Afghan Scholars Initiative and as an advisor to the No Greater Sacrifice scholarship fund. He is a lifetime member of the Council on Foreign Relations. In 2012 to 2013, Ackerman served as a White House Fellow in the Obama Administration. Now a novelist and journalist, Ackerman has published four novels (Green on Blue, Dark at the Crossing, Waiting for Eden, and Red Dress in Black & White) and a memoir (Places and Names: On War, Revolution, and Returning). His fiction and essays have also appeared in The New Yorker, The Atlantic, The New Republic, The New York Times Magazine, Esquire, Time, Harper's Magazine, Ecotone and others. He is also a contributor to The Daily Beast. In 2017, Ackerman contributed the short story "Two Grenades" to the anthology The Road Ahead.<mask>'s first novel, Green on Blue, was published February 17, 2015 by Scribner. Tom Bissell of the New York Times Book Review said,
Like all novels written in skilled, unadorned prose about men and women of action, this novel will probably be compared to Hemingway's work. In this case, however, the comparison seems unusually apt ... <mask>man has done something brave as a writer and even braver as a soldier: He has touched, for real, the culture and soul of his enemy. The Los Angeles Review of Books describes the novel as a "radical departure from veterans writing thus far" due to his choice of a first-person narrator, the lowly Aziz, a poor soldier in a local militia. The Stars and Stripes review described Green on Blue and Phil Klay's Redeployment as carrying "the sting of authenticity and the sensory expression of experiences lived". Green on Blue was a New York Times Book Review Editors' Choice. <mask>'s second novel Dark at the Crossing, was published January 24, 2017, by Alfred A. Knopf was a finalist for the National Book Award in 2017.In a starred review Library Journal wrote, "Here is a thriller, psychological fiction, political intrigue, and even a love story all wrapped into a stunningly realistic and sometimes horrifying package. Put Ackerman on the A-list." In the New York Times Book Review the novelist Lawrence Osborne wrote, "One could argue that the most vital literary terrain in America's overseas wars is now occupied not by journalists but by novelists ... <mask> is certainly one of those novelists ... He has created people who are not the equivalents of the locally exotic subjects in your average NPR story, and he has used them to populate a fascinating and topical novel." Dark at the Crossing was noted as one of the best books of the year by the Washington Post, NPR, Christian Science Monitor, Military Times, Vogue, and Bloomberg and was a New York Times Book Review Editors' Choice. Ackerman was a featured author at the Miami Book Fair in 2017. Ackerman's third novel Waiting for Eden was published September 25, 2018, by Alfred A. Knopf.The book was nominated for the Andrew Carnegie Medal for Excellence in Fiction, and it won the Marine Corps Heritage Foundation's James Webb Award. Author Anthony Swofford wrote in The New York Times Book Review, "Masterly ... Brilliant ... In his short novel, Ackerman accomplishes what a mountain of maximalist books have rarely delivered over tens of thousands of pages and a few decades: He makes pure character-based literary art, dedicated only to deeply human storytelling ... Cusk's Outline trilogy and Jenny Offill's Dept. of Speculation have created similarly shimmering portraits of humans at rest and fury ... Ackerman explore[s] conflicted, confused true love in such elegant and humane ways that you will come to question everything you think you know about the meanings of romance and fidelity ... The micro-level power of his unadorned and direct prose lies in no less than an attempt to contain and dramatize the darkness and light of our souls ... To identify this book as a novel seems inadequate: Waiting for Eden is a sculpture chiseled from the rarest slab of life experience." The novel was one of the best books of the year on Amazon, NPR, and the Washington Post and was a New York Times Book Review Editors' Choice.<mask>'s fourth book Places and Names: On War, Revolution, and Returning was published June 11, 2019, by Penguin Press. The memoir was nominated for the Andrew Carnegie Medal for Excellence in Non-fiction. Time magazine named it a must-read book of 2019 and said, "In Places and Names, perhaps the most striking war memoir of the year, Ackerman attempts to make sense of the reasons he served (personal and geopolitical), the people he met, the kinship he felt and the reckonings he has since confronted. Places and Names is as clean and spare in its prose as it is sharp and unsparing in timely observation." It was also a New York Times Book Review Editors' Choice. <mask>'s fifth book Red Dress in Black & White was published May 26, 2020, by Alfred A. Knopf. The novel was nominated for the Andrew Carnegie Medal for Excellence in Fiction and was also a New York Times Book Review Editors' Choice.Author Joan Silber wrote in The New York Times Book Review, "Having worked so impressively at overturning the conventions of war fiction, Ackerman has now written a novel without a single soldier in it ... He's decided on a different sort of drama, a territory of intrigue and tricks, entirely absorbing, with other sources of suspense ... Ackerman's rich knowledge of Turkey is evident on every page." 2034: A Novel of the Next World War is <mask>'s latest book, jointly authored by Admiral James G. Stavridis, USN (Ret. ), and was released on March 9, 2021 by Penguin Press. Ackerman's article "Why Bringing Back the Draft Could Stop America's Forever Wars" was featured on the cover of the October 21, 2019, issue of Time magazine. Ackerman has been interviewed in The Washington Post, The New York Times, and The Wall Street Journal and appeared on Charlie Rose, The Colbert Report, NPR's Talk of the Nation, Meet the Press, CNN, MSNBC, Fox News, Al Jazeera and PBS NewsHour among others. Esquire March 23, 2017
 "A West Point Literature Professor's Inspiring Plea for Creativity in Our Military".The New Republic October 27, 2014
 "Hometown Heroes". War, Literature and the Arts October 3, 2014
 "Pictures from My War". The New Yorker September 21, 2014
 "Watching ISIS Come to Power Again". The Daily Beast September 7, 2014
 "Charlie Balls". Ecotone, Volume 9, Number 1, Fall 2013, pp. 81–90
 "Airstrikes and the U.S. Strategy to Combat ISIS ". The Daily Beast August 8, 2014
 "The Islamic State's Strategy Was Years In the Making".The New Republic  August 8, 2014
 "Waiting Out the Afghan War". The New Yorker August 6, 2014
 "Syria's War Poets". The Atlantic July 28, 2014
 "Four Hundred Grand". The Daily Beast July 6, 2014
 "A Black Flag and a Rainbow Flag". The New Yorker July 2, 2014
 "Watching ISIS Flourish Where We Once Fought". The New Yorker June 17, 2014
 "The Wounds Caused By Friendly Fire". The New Yorker June 12, 2014
 "The Bored Horsemen of the Apocalypse ".The Daily Beast June 9, 2014
 "I Was a Marine in Afghanistan: Bowe Bergdahl Haunted Us All". The New Republic June 4, 2014
 "Extraordinary Bravery on the Streets of Fallujah". The New Republic May 25, 2014
 "The US Marine Who Disappeared in Syria". The Daily Beast May 3, 2014
 "A Man to Believe In". The Daily Beast March 5, 2014
 "Joyce Carol Oates Goes to War". The Daily Beast January 30, 2014
 "I Fought at Fallujah. Here's What I Think About When People Ask If It Was Worth It".The New Republic January 13, 2014
 "The Case for Female SEALs". The Atlantic December 24, 2013
 "Greg Baxter's 'The Apartment'". The Daily Beast  December 12, 2013
 "Why Bringing Back the Draft Could Stop America's Forever Wars". Time October 21, 2019

Books
Green on Blue: A Novel. Scribner, 2015. Dark at the Crossing: A Novel. Knopf, 2017.Waiting for Eden. Knopf, 2018. Places and Names: On War, Revolution, and Returning. Penguin Random House, 2019. Red Dress in Black & White. Knopf, 2020. With Admiral James G. Stavridis, USN (Ret.)2034: A Novel of the Next World War. Penguin Press, 2021. References

External links

1980 births
Living people
21st-century American male writers
21st-century American non-fiction writers
21st-century American short story writers
American chief operating officers
American expatriates in the United Kingdom
American male non-fiction writers
American male novelists
American male short story writers
Recipients of the Silver Star
American military writers
The Fletcher School at Tufts University alumni
United States Marine Corps officers
United States Marine Corps personnel of the Iraq War
United States Marine Corps personnel of the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)
War writers
White House Fellows

masks:
Elliot Ackerman
Peter Ackerman
Ackerman
Elliot Acker
Ackerman
Elliot Ackerman
Ackerman
Ackerman
Ackerman


title: Alexander Hacke

texts:
<mask> (also known as <mask>, <mask>, <mask>, born 11 October 1965) is a guitarist, bass guitarist, singer, musician, record producer, writer and film maker from Germany. He is primarily known as a longtime member of the influential German industrial music group Einstürzende Neubauten. <mask> has released two full-length solo albums, and has also collaborated with many other artists, such as Robert Rutman, The Tiger Lillies, Danielle de Picciotto, FM Einheit, Crime & the City Solution, Phew, Gianna Nannini, Gry, Miranda Sex Garden, Terranova, Sprung Aus Den Wolken, Wovenhand, David Yow, Mona Mur, Die Ichs, Schlaflose Naechte, Fred Alpi and others. Biography

Early years
In the early 1980s he released a few solo tapes and mini-albums, such as Hiroshima. He became a long-time member of Einstürzende Neubauten and also was a member of several other bands, such as Sentimentale Jugend (with Christiane Vera Felscherinow, also known as Christiane F.), Sprung Aus Den Wolken and Mona Mur. Einstürzende Neubauten

In 1980, at the age of fifteen, he joined Einstürzende Neubauten, which had been formed earlier the same year. <mask> played guitar and worked with the band's sound until the mid 1990s.Then he changed from guitar to bass and is now a bass player and, according to band leader Blixa Bargeld, "a musical director of the band". Solo activities
<mask>'s first full-length solo album was Filmarbeiten (1992). In the 1990s he was frontman of the band Jever Mountain Boys, who played their favorite songs, particularly country music cover-versions. In 2003 <mask> and his longtime partner Danielle de Picciotto (married since 2006) organized the monthly event "BadaBing" in the famous Berlin 70s Club "Big Eden", presenting new and unusual bands and in this way initiating a new wave of Berlin-oriented "Futur-electroclash" music all over Europe. They travel extensively performing multimedia shows together and presenting workshops on Berlin underground culture. In 2004, Danielle de Picciotto produced a documentary on Einstürzende Neubauten for which <mask> did the sound design. In 2005 <mask> and de Picciotto conceived and directed "The Mountains of Madness", an audio/visual live show based on stories by H. P. Lovecraft, inviting the English Trio The Tiger Lillies to participate and perform in the successful production throughout Europe.In the 2000s <mask> created the album Sanctuary (released in 2005), travelling with a mobile recorder in Europe and North America and collaborating with numerous artists, such as J.G.Thirlwell (Foetus), Caspar Brötzmann, Larry Mullins (Toby Dammit), Vinnie Signorelli (Unsane), Michael Evans (KBZ 200), Sugarpie Jones (Celebrity Skin), Bob Rutman (Steel Cello Ensemble), Nils Wohlrabe (The Leather Nun), Gianna Nannini, Andrew Chudy (alias N.U. Unruh, Einstürzende Neubauten), Lary 7 (The Analog Society), and David Yow (The Jesus Lizard). In the reviews on this album Hacke was compared to Frank Zappa and Captain Beefheart. The "Road Record", an excerpt of which can be seen on Sanctuary, was documented by de Picciotto, describing the revolutionary recording style Hacke used to produce the record. Hacke also contributed to several soundtracks to such films as Sonnenallee and Das Wilde Leben (biography of Uschi Obermaier, 2006/07). Hacke produced music for Fatih Akın's film Head-On (2004) and is a main character in Crossing the Bridge: The Sound of Istanbul (2005), Akın's documentary of the Istanbul music scene. On several occasions he reunited on stage with FM Einheit (ex-Einstürzende Neubauten) for an experimental performance.Private life
<mask>'s first noteworthy girlfriend was Christiane F., who became famous with the internationally acclaimed movie and book Wir Kinder vom Bahnhof Zoo, a biography of her heroin addiction. They performed together in Europe and the US with their band Sentimentale Jugend and also appeared together in the movie Decoder in 1983. On 3 October 1989, <mask>'s son Joshua was born in Berlin. His mother is Angela Mettbach, a Berlin nightlife figure who had a short-lived musical career with her band Octopussy. <mask> was briefly married to German actress and singer Meret Becker and was involved in her musical career. Becker guested on Einstürzende Neubauten's album Ende Neu. In 2006, <mask> married his longtime partner Danielle de Picciotto, an American Berlin-based multimedia artist who is known for having founded the Berlin Love Parade together with Dr Motte and for singing in the band Space Cowboys.

masks:
Alexander Hacke
Alexander von Borsig
Alex Hacke
Hacke
Hacke
Hacke
Hacke
Alexander Hacke
Alexander Hacke
Hacke
Hacke
Alexander Hacke
Hacke
Hacke
Hacke


title: Sandeep Lamichhane

texts:
<mask> (, ; born 2 August 2000) is a Nepalese cricketer who captains the Nepalese national team. A right-arm leg spin bowler, <mask> has played for Twenty20 franchise sides across the world, including the Delhi Capitals in the Indian Premier League (IPL), the Hobart Hurricanes in the Big Bash League (BBL), and the Lahore Qalandars in the Pakistan Super League (PSL). <mask> made his Twenty20 International (T20I) debut against the West Indies, where he represented a World XI side. He became the first cricketer to make a T20 international debut representing a combined team. <mask> was one of the eleven cricketers to play in Nepal's first One Day International (ODI) match, against the Netherlands, in August 2018. In December 2021, <mask> was named as the captain of Nepal's national team, replacing Gyanendra Malla. Early and personal life
<mask> was born on 2 August 2000 in Aruchaur, Syangja, Gandaki Province.During his childhood, he considered Sachin Tendulkar and Shane Warne as his cricketing idols. Then he moved to Chitwan district and started training at Chitwan Cricket Academy which is run by former captain Raju Khadka. During a visit by the captain Paras Khadka and former coach of Nepal Pubudu Dasanayake, <mask> was told to bowl in the nets and was selected for the national under-19 training camp. <mask> is also a singer. He uploads his songs and music videos in his YouTube channel. In July 2018, <mask> released his first song Udash thiyo from the album Pratikshya-the waiting. Early career
<mask> made his List A cricket debut in the 2015–17 ICC World Cricket League Championship on 16 April 2016 against Namibia.Prior to his List A debut, he was named in Nepal's under-19 squad for the 2016 Under-19 Cricket World Cup. In their second match against Ireland under-19s he took a hat-trick, becoming  the fifth bowler to take a hat-trick in under-19 world cup history. He was adjudged man of the match with figures of 5/27. He finished the tournament as second highest wicket taker with 14 wickets at an average of 17.07 and strike rate of 21.9. He was recruited by former English-born Hong Kong cricketer Scott McKechnie to play for the Kowloon Cantons franchise in the inaugural edition of the Hong Kong T20 Blitz in 2016. Scott was impressed with the youngster’s performance during the MCC tour of Nepal in November 2016 where Scott himself was undone by his spin twice in the same match and it prompted Scott McKechnie to scout for Lamichchane for the 2016 Hong Kong Blitz competition. Lamichchane ended up picking seven wickets in the three matches against the touring Marleybone Cricket Club.The Hong Kong T20 Blitz in fact, went onto become a breakout tournament for <mask> himself and it ultimately turned out to be meteoric rise for him in his young days as he was discovered for his bowling display and even went onto share dressing room with World Cup winning captain Michael Clarke during the course of the tournament. In September 2016, <mask> received a letter from former Australian captain Michael Clarke, inviting him to play at the Sydney-based Western Suburbs District Cricket Club. In the 2017 ACC Under-19 Asia Cup, he took bowling figures of 5/8 which restricted Malaysia under-19s to a total of 45 and was named the man of the match. T20 franchise cricket
In January 2018, <mask> was included in the list of players for auction in the 2018 Indian Premier League (IPL). He was bought by Delhi Daredevils and became the first Nepalese cricketer to get a contract in the IPL. Indian Prime minister Narendra Modi commented that the relationship between India and Nepal had been strengthened because of the signing. In March 2018, he was drafted to play for the St Kitts and Nevis Patriots in the 2018 Caribbean Premier League, and became the first player from Nepal to be selected in the Caribbean Premier League.In May 2018, <mask> made his senior Twenty20 debut for the Delhi Capitals in the Indian Premier League, becoming the first Nepalese cricketer to play in the IPL. He took a wicket for 25 runs on his debut match against Royal Challengers Bangalore. In the tournament, he took five wickets in three matches with a bowling average of 16.40. In June 2018, Lamichane was selected to play for the Montreal Tigers in the inaugural edition of the Global T20 Canada tournament. In the tournament he took eight wickets in five matches at an average of 19.62. In September 2018, he was named in Nangarhar's squad in the first edition of the Afghanistan Premier League tournament, going on to play in one match in the tournament. In October 2018, he was signed by the Melbourne Stars for the Big Bash League (BBL), becoming the first cricketer from Nepal to play in the BBL.Later the same month, he was named in the squad for Sylhet Sixers, following the draft for the 2018–19 Bangladesh Premier League. In November 2018, <mask> was named in Lahore Qalandars's squad in the fourth edition of the Pakistan Super League. In March 2019, he was named as one of eight players to watch by the International Cricket Council (ICC) ahead of the 2019 Indian Premier League tournament. The following month, <mask> said he recognised the huge learning curve of playing in the IPL and that it had "changed his life". In June 2019, he was selected to play for the Toronto Nationals franchise team in the 2019 Global T20 Canada tournament. In July 2020, he was named in the Jamaica Tallawahs squad for the 2020 Caribbean Premier League. In November 2020, he was signed by the Hobart Hurricanes for the 2020–21 Big Bash League.In March 2021, <mask> was signed by Worcestershire to play in the 2021 t20 Blast in England. However, in June 2021, he was denied a work visa for the United Kingdom and was released by Worcestershire. International career
In January 2018, <mask> was named in Nepal's squad for the 2018 ICC World Cricket League Division Two tournament. In their opening match against Namibia, he was adjudged man of the match with bowling figures of 4/18 in 8.2 overs. He also shared a crucial final wicket partnership of 18 runs with Basanta Regmi to win the match by one wicket. In the third match against the United Arab Emirates, he took 3/30 to help reduce the opponent to 114 runs. In the fourth match against Kenya, he took his first five wicket haul in List A cricket, with 5/20, and was again named the man of the match.<mask> was awarded with ICC World Cricket League Division Two Player of the tournament award as a result of his economical bowling and took the most wickets in the tournament, taking 17 wickets in six matches. In February 2018, the International Cricket Council (ICC) named <mask> as one of the ten players to watch ahead of the 2018 Cricket World Cup Qualifier tournament. Following the conclusion of the tournament, the ICC went on to name <mask> as the rising star of Nepal's squad. In May 2018, he was added to the ICC Rest of the World XI team, for the Hurricane Relief T20 Challenge against the West Indies at Lord's. He made his T20I debut in the match. In July 2018, he was named in Nepal's squad for their ODI series against the Netherlands. These were Nepal's first ODI matches after gaining ODI status during the 2018 Cricket World Cup Qualifier.Ahead of the matches, the ICC named him as the key player for Nepal. He made his T20I debut for Nepal in July in the third match of the 2018 MCC Tri-Nation Series, against the Netherlands. He made his ODI debut for Nepal against the Netherlands on 1 August 2018. In August 2018, he was named in Nepal's squad for the 2018 Asia Cup Qualifier tournament. In October 2018, he was named in Nepal's squad in the Eastern sub-region group for the 2018–19 ICC World Twenty20 Asia Qualifier tournament. He was the leading wicket-taker during the tournament, with 24 dismissals in six matches. In June 2019, he was named in Nepal's squad for the Regional Finals of the 2018–19 ICC T20 World Cup Asia Qualifier tournament.He made his first-class debut on 6 November 2019, for Nepal against the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC), during the MCC's tour of Nepal. On 12 February 2020, in the match against the United States in the 2020 Nepal Tri-Nation Series, Lamichhane took his first five-wicket haul in an ODI match. On 29 February 2020, in the match against Malaysia in the Eastern Region group of the 2020 Asia Cup Qualifier, <mask> became the first bowler for Nepal to take 100 wickets in Twenty20 cricket. In September 2020, he was one of eighteen cricketers to be awarded with a central contract by the Cricket Association of Nepal. On 11 October 2021, <mask> was named the ICC Player of the Month by the International Cricket Council. Honours
 NNIPA Best Youth Player of the year: 2017
 NCCS-CPAN Cricketer of the Year: 2018
 ICC Men's Player of the Month for September 2021

See also
 List of Nepal ODI cricketers
 List of Nepal Twenty20 International cricketers

References

External links

2000 births
Living people
Nepalese cricketers
Nepal One Day International cricketers
Nepal Twenty20 International cricketers
World XI Twenty20 International cricketers
People from Syangja District
Delhi Capitals cricketers
Jamaica Tallawahs cricketers
Lahore Qalandars cricketers
Melbourne Stars cricketers
Nangarhar Leopards cricketers
St Kitts and Nevis Patriots cricketers
Sylhet Sixers cricketers
21st-century Nepalese male singers
Hobart Hurricanes cricketers

masks:
Sandeep Lamichhane
Lamichhane
Lamichhane
Lamichhane
Lamichhane
Sandeep Lamichhane
Sandeep
Lamichhane
Lamichhane
Lamichhane
Lamichhane
Lamichhane
Lamichhane
Lamichhane
Lamichhane
Lamichhane
Lamichhane
Lamichhane
Lamichhane
Lamichhane
Lamichhane
Lamichhane
Lamichhane


title: Zundel Salant

texts:
<mask> of Salant (1786–1866) (also known as <mask>) was an Ashkenazi rabbi and the primary teacher of Rabbi <mask>r. Biography

Early life and Family
Zundel was born on the first day of Rosh Hashana in 1786 in Salantai, Lithuania. Little is known of his early years. He descended from Rabbi Faivush Ashkenazi of Vilna (late 17th-early 18th century) and his father was Rabbi Benyamin Beinush, who was a shochet and hazzan in Salant. As a young man, Zundel studied in the Volozhin Yeshiva under Rabbi Chaim Volozhin. Following Rabbi Chaim's death in 1821, Zundel would make trips to study with Rabbi Akiva Eiger. Salant's wife was Rochel Rivkah, and they had three children, two daughters, Tziviah and Heniah, and an only son, Aryeh Leib.Rabbi Yosef <mask> of Salant refused to accept any rabbinical positions. He ran a small business which produced only a meager living. He chose to spend much of his time immersed in Torah studies and musar. Later life and impact
<mask> provided the spiritual inspiration for his most famous student, Rabbi Yisrael <mask>, the founder of the Musar movement. During the early years of the Musar movement, Reb <mask> was seen in the marketplace on Friday afternoons reminding the merchants that the Jewish Sabbath was approaching so they had time to close their stalls and avoid its desecration. Rabbi Yosef <mask>, who was a student of the Vilna Gaon in every sense of the word, longed to settle in the Land of Israel. Finally, in 1838–39, despite the hardships of such a trip due to the ongoing war between the Ottoman Empire and Egypt, <mask> nevertheless took his family and traveled to Jerusalem.The Ashkenazi community in Jerusalem at that time was under the leadership and financial support of the Kollel Vilna, whose headquarters were in Amsterdam. It was led by a committee under a wealthy Dutch Jewish banker, Rabbi Avraham Zvi Hirsch Lehren (1784–1853). Rabbi Lehren had, in 1817, assumed the mantle of leadership of an organization founded in 1809 known as Pekidim and Amarkalim of Eretz Yisrael ("Officials and Administrators of the Land of Israel"). This charitable organization was in charge of the collection, administration, and disbursement of all the monies collected in Western Europe on behalf of the Ashkenazi Jewish community in the Land of Israel. Although <mask> was an extremely unpretentious individual, Rabbi Lehren was keenly aware of his greatness and had tremendous respect for him. <mask>'s knowledge of Torah was extraordinary, and the entire scope of Torah was clearly engraved on his heart and mind. He was also a Tzadik extraordinaire.In 1837, <mask> settled in Jerusalem, where, at the urging of Rabbi Lehren, he served as the rabbi of the Ashkenazi community. For centuries, all halachic disputes and queries in Jerusalem were brought to the Sephardi rabbinical court, which adjudicated them. Due to the recent growth of the Ashkenazi community, Rabbi Lehren wanted Ashkenazim to have independence and to adjudicate disputes in their own rabbinical court. Rabbi Yosef <mask> agreed on the condition that he would not be paid a salary for his services. Throughout his life he had worked to support himself in a manner that did not cause him to benefit from Torah, and he wanted to maintain that practice. Furthermore, he had always shunned all positions of honor and distinction. He also stipulated that as soon as he would find a suitable replacement, he would relinquish his position to the other person.<mask> opened the Beis Din, albeit as a temporary court. In time though, both the Ashkenazi and Sephardi communities in Jerusalem recognized <mask>'s greatness and brought him all their halachic questions and issues. In 1841, when his son-in-law Rabbi Shmuel <mask> arrived in Jerusalem, <mask> asked him to join the Beis Din. Not long afterwards, <mask>, realizing the vast greatness of his son-in-law, appointed him as the official head of the rabbinical court, a position that Rabbi Shmuel held for almost seventy years until his death in 1909. Rabbi Shmuel held the title of "first Chief Rabbi of Jerusalem." <mask> lived in a small one-room apartment in the Hurva Synagogue complex in the Jewish Quarter of the Old City. <mask> sustained himself and his family by selling vinegar, but spent most of the day and night in the Menachem Zion Synagogue, which was completed in 1837.Built by the Perushim (students of the Vilna Gaon), it was named after their leader Rabbi Menachem Mendel of Shklov. <mask> lived an esoteric lifestyle and radiated spirituality to the entire community. <mask> was instrumental in the founding of the famed Etz Chaim Yeshiva, the Bikur Cholim Hospital and Hevrah Kadisha, and aided in the absorption of new immigrants in Jerusalem. <mask> and Rabbi Shmuel worked together tirelessly for the benefit of the community. In 1860 they founded the Rabbi Meir Baal Haness charity, which became the foundation of support for the entire community at large, and saved it from sinking into a financial abyss. Unfortunately, <mask> lived for only a few years after its establishment. However, during the final years of his life, he devoted himself wholly to bringing this monumental undertaking to fruition; upon his passing the Rabbi Meir Baal Haness charity had already become a lifeline for hundreds of poor and destitute families.During the 1860s, the water supply to Jerusalem was very poor, despite several attempts by the Ottoman authorities to repair the ancient conduit from A'yn Arrub and Solomon's Pools. The stone pipes were regularly sabotaged by the Arab farmers who earned a nice living selling water that they brought in unhygienic animal-skin bags from A'yn Rogel and the Gihon Spring through the Dung Gate. The water was sold at a high price, even though it was of poor taste, smelled foul and was dangerous to consume without boiling it first. This water supply depended mainly on the cisterns dug near or even under the houses, in which rainwater collected. In the 1860s there were almost a thousand of these. This water was only fit for drinking as long as it was not contaminated by sewage water. There was no sewage system in Jerusalem at the time, and sewage often ran in the street, seeping into the wells.The pollution of the drinking water brought about a severe plague, which claimed hundreds of victims, and led to the city being placed under quarantine for four months. Sir Moses Montefiore came to the aid of the inhabitants by contributing money for improving the water supply. Death
Rabbi Yosef <mask> <mask> died due to the plague on Friday, October 12, (3rd Cheshvan) 1866 and was buried on the Mount of Olives. Among the many instructions that <mask> mentioned in his will was that no eulogies be held for him, and no titles should be added to his name on the tombstone. Rabbi Yisrael <mask>, the founder of the ethical Musar movement and prime student of <mask>, is recorded as having said: "I have not found a true servant of God like my mentor <mask>!". References
 Musar Movement - Dov Katz, 1945; English Edition translated by Leonard Oschry, Tel Aviv, Israel 1975. Pages 114–115.Toldot Rabbi Yosef <mask> from Salant - Eliezer Rivlin, Jerusalem 1927, reprinted 1983. External links
 Full biography of Rabbi <mask> <mask>

1786 births
1866 deaths
Haredi rabbis in Europe
Ashkenazi rabbis in Ottoman Palestine
Musar movement
Philosophers of Judaism
Burials at the Jewish cemetery on the Mount of Olives
Rabbis in Jerusalem
People from Salantai
Rabbis that emigrated to the Land of Israel

masks:
Yosef Zundel
Zundel Salant
Yisrael Salante
Zundel
Zundel
Salanter
Zundel
Zundel
Rabbi Zundel
Rabbi Zundel
Rabbi Zundel
Zundel
Zundel
Rabbi Zundel
Rabbi Zundel
Salant
Rabbi Zundel
Rabbi Zundel
Rabbi Zundel
Rabbi Zundel
Rabbi Zundel
Rabbi Zundel
Rabbi Zundel
Rabbi Zundel
Zundel
Salant
Rabbi Zundel
Salanter
Rabbi Zundel
Rabbi Zundel
Zundel
Zundel
Salant


title: Hashem Muhammad al-Baghdadi

texts:
<mask>-Baghdadi (1917-1973) was an Iraqi master calligrapher, noted for his lettering which exhibited a steadiness of hand and fluidity of movement. In his later life, he was acknowledged as the "imam of calligraphy" across the Arab world, and would be the last of the classical calligraphers. He also authored several important texts on the art of calligraphy. Life and career

Born, Abu Rakeem <mask>i, he became known as "al Baghdadi", occasionally by his nickname "al Khattat" and sometimes simply called, "<mask>, the calligrapher". He was born in the Khun Land district of Baghdad in 1917 into a poor, but respected family. He was attracted to calligraphy from an early age, drawing his inspiration from reading scripture and observing the calligraphy that decorated local mosques As a youth, he studied briefly with Mullah Aref al-Shaikhli in Baghdad, at the  Al-Ahmadiyya School, which was owned Al-Shaikhli. From the outset, he showed an early talent for the art of calligraphy, and exhibited a real dedication to learning the technique, a strict adherence to its extensive rules and a willingness to explore the secrets of Islamic lettering.Due to his family's poor circumstances, he was obliged to discontinue his studies for a time, and seek paid work. In 1937, he began working for the Department of Public Survey in Baghdad, where he produced maps. Some years later, he served an apprenticeship with Mulla <mask>Ali al-Fadli (d. 1948), who awarded him a Diploma in Calligraphy in 1943. In 1944 he continued his studies at the Madrasat Tahsin al-Khutût (Royal Institute of Calligraphy) in Cairo, where he was taught by Sayyid Ibrahim and Mohammad Hosni and obtained a Diploma with honours in 1944. After returning to Baghdad, in 1946 he published a textbook on the ruq‛ah style of calligraphy, which was originally intended for use in primary schools, but is still used as a standard text in universities and colleges. In 1947 he opened a Calligraphy Office in Baghdad, in partnership with the painter Oksen. Their office was situated in the city centre; in Rashid Street in the Al-Sanak district in Baghdad.Their commercial work included the design of headlines for newspapers and magazines. His commercial work also involved the design of not only Iraqi Bank Notes, but also coins and notes for the governments of Tunisia, Morocco, Libya and Sudan. In the 1950s, he travelled to Istanbul where he studied with Hamid Aytaç (also known as Hamid Al-Amidi) and was awarded diplomas in 1950 and in 1952. He found favour with Aytaç, who recognised his talent and dedication. He returned to Istanbul on several occasions to meet up with Aytaç, and maintained regular contact with him throughout his life, via regular correspondence and occasional visits. During one of these visits, Aytaç said of al-Baghdadi, "Hashim is one of the best calligraphers of the Islamic world." In 1960 he took up the post of Lecturer in Calligraphy at Baghdad's Institute of Fine Arts and later became the Head of the Department of Calligraphy and Islamic Decoration, a post that he held until his death in 1973 During his academic career, he certified a number of calligraphers including: Walid Al-Adhami, Sadiq Al-Douri, Abdul Ghani Al-Ani, Taha Al-Bustani, Jamal Al-Kabbasi, Mehdi al-Jubouri, Major Ghaleb Sabri al-Khattat, Dr. Salman Ibrahim al-Khattat, Haji Saber al-'Azami, Karim Hussein, Adnan al-Shaikhli, Khaled Hussein, Essam al-Saab, his brother Abdel Hadi, Fawzi Khattat, Salah Sherzad and Mohamed Hassan al-Baldawi, many of whom went on to have notable careers.He also influenced many young, aspiring calligraphers including the Chinese calligrapher, Chen Kun, through his mentorship, writings and public works. He primarily practised the thulûth style of calligraphy and was one of its finest practitioners. The thulûth style of calligraphy is mainly used in architecture. He also favoured naskh and nasta'liq scripts. Sometimes he combined Baghdadi script with the more modern Ottoman style of calligraphy

In 1961 he published The Methods of Arabic Calligraphy (also known as the Rules of Calligraphy); a work that has been described as the "finest collection of Arabic fonts in the Arab and Islamic world." In 1971 he became a founding member of the One Dimension Group where he was able to socialise and collaborate with a group of artists, who while they all pursued their own individual styles, used Arabic letters the basis of their compositions The group's philosophy, which was to search for a new artistic identity, drawn from within Iraqi culture and heritage and which successfully integrated Islamic visual traditions, especially calligraphy and Arabic motifs, into contemporary compositions, was a good fit with Al-Baghdadi's own style. He supervised the printing of several versions of the Qur'an including a rare illuminated manuscript copy of the Qur'ān, by the nineteenth century Ottoman calligrapher, <mask> Al-Rushdi which was to be reprinted in Germany.This involved travel to Germany in 1979, where he worked on the addition of missing words and phrases as well as reparation of damaged and illegible letters. Following the death of the great calligrapher, Ali bin Hilal, al-Baghdadi's stature as a leading calligrapher was affirmed, and when his former mentor and friend, Aytaç, passed the age of 90 years, the Arab world acknowledged al-Baghdadi as the new "imam of calligraphy." He would become the last of the classical calligraphers. His friend and former mentor, Aytaç, in a clear reference to the importance of the medieval Baghdad School, said of al-Baghdadi, "the line grew up in Baghdad and ended there. Al-Baghdadi died in Baghdad in 1973 following a heart attack, aged 56. Work
His calligraphy can be found in numerous public buildings in Baghdad including the al-Shahid Mosque, the mosque of the Sheik 'abd al-Qadir al Gilani, the Haydarkana mosque, the Muradiyya mosque and the Bunia mosque. He is generally regarded as the only calligrapher to combine Baghdadi and Ottoman scripts.He published a number of texts including:

 Book of Calligraphy Rules (in Arabic), 1961

He was working on another text, The Layers of Calligraphy at the time of his death. The work was published posthumously in 2008. Legacy
A statue of al-Baghdadi was erected in al-Fadl square in Baghdad. The Seventh International Calligraphy Competition (2006) was dedicated to al-Baghdadi He is the subject of a book, Dean of Arabic calligraphy - Hashim Mohamed Khatat (1335-1393 AH - 1917-1973 AD): The Art of Calligraphy (in Arabic) by Hassan Qasem Habash published by Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah (2013). See also
 Iraqi art
 Islamic calligraphy
 List of Iraqi artists

References

External links
  Modern Art Iraq Archive - digital resource maintained by Iraqi artists which includes reproductions of artworks, many of which were lost or destroyed in the 2003 invasion and are not accessible via any other reliable public source

Further reading
 "<mask> <mask>-Baghdadi," Oxford Art Online
 Robinson, F. (ed. ), The Cambridge Illustrated History of the Islamic World, Cambridge University Press, 1996, p. 287
 Simonowitz, D., " A Modern Master of Islamic Calligraphy and Her Peers", Journal of Middle East Women's Studies Vol.6, No. 1, 2010, pp. 75–102 DOI: 10.2979/mew.2010.6.1.75 Online:
 Turner, J. (ed. ), The Dictionary of Art, vol. 4, p. 217

20th-century Iraqi painters
Artists from Baghdad
Iraqi calligraphers
1917 births
1973 deaths

masks:
Hashem Muhammad al
Hashim Muhammad al Haj Derbas al Qais
Hashem
Muhammad ‛
Muhammad Amin
Hashem
Muhammad al


title: Hipólito Ruiz López

texts:
<mask> (August 8, 1754 in Belorado, Burgos, Spain – 1816 in Madrid), or <mask>, was a Spanish botanist known for researching the floras of Peru and Chile during an expedition under Carlos III from 1777 to 1788. During the reign of Carlos III, three major botanical expeditions were sent to the New World; <mask> and José Antonio Pavón Jiménez were the botanists for the first of these expeditions, to Peru and Chile. Background
After studying Latin with an uncle who was a priest, at the age of 14 <mask> went to Madrid to study logic, physics, chemistry and pharmacology. He also studied botany at the Migas Calientes Botanical Gardens (now the Real Jardín Botánico de Madrid), under the supervision of Casimiro Gómez Ortega (1741–1818) and Antonio Palau Verdera (1734–1793). <mask> had not yet completed his pharmacology studies when he was named the head botanist of the expedition. The French physician Joseph Dombey was named as his assistant, and the pharmacologist José Antonio Pavón y Jimenez was also appointed. Completing the expedition were the botanical illustrators Joseph Bonete and Isidro Gálvez.The expedition

The expedition sailed from Cádiz in 1777, arriving at Lima in April 1778. They explored throughout Peru and Chile for ten years (1778–1788), collecting specimens. The expedition collected 3,000 specimens of plants and made 2,500 life-sized botanical illustrations. When they returned to Spain they brought back a great many living plants. One of the medical remedies brought back by this expedition was the boiled spouts of the quisoar plant, Buddleja incana, which was used to cure colds or, mixed with urine, to alleviate toothache. The collections arrived in Cádiz in good order (for the most part) in 1788, and were deposited in the Real Jardín Botánico de Madrid and in the Gabinete de Historia Natural, the precursor of the Museum of Natural History. The discoveries included about 150 new genera and 500 new species, which still retain the names given them by <mask> and Pavón.Unfortunately, a part of the collection consisting of 53 crates with 800 illustrations, dried plants, seeds, resins and minerals was lost when the ship transporting it was wrecked on the coast of Portugal. Back in Spain, <mask> finished his pharmacological studies, graduating in 1790. He was named a member of the Royal Academy of Medicine in 1794, and he published various works in that body's Memoires. He and Pavón published Flora Peruviana et Chilensis in ten volumes, richly illustrated with engravings of the specimens. The first four volumes were published between 1798 and 1802. The last six volumes were published after the death of <mask>. Before his death, <mask> also published Quinología o tratado del árbol de la quina (Madrid, 1792).This work was soon translated into Italian (1792), German (1794) and English (1800). Alexander von Humboldt cited <mask> when he published his own treatise on cinchona in 1821. The journals <mask> produced for his exploration of South America during these years are remarkable for their breadth of ethnobotanical and natural history knowledge. Of particular interest to the Spanish Crown at the time was pharmacological knowledge of New World plants such as Chinchona, the source of the anti-malarial, quinine. In addition to detailed descriptions and paintings of the flora and fauna of Peru and Chile, <mask> observed the geology and weather of the area, and included cultural information about the life of the Indians and the colonists of the area. He died in 1816 (some sources say 1815) in Madrid. He has been honoured in the naming of 2 plant genera, in 1786, botanist Cav.published Ruizia, a genus of flowering plants from the island of Réunion, belonging to the family Malvaceae. Then in 1936, R.E.Fr. published Ruizodendron, a monotypic genus of flowering plants from South America belonging to the family Annonaceae. Notes

References
The Journals of Hipólito <mask>:  Spanish Botanist in Peru and Chile 1777-1788, translated by Richard Evans Schultes and María José Nemry von Thenen de Jaramillo-Arango, Timber Press, 1998. External links
 Short biography
 "Flora Peruviana et Chilensis" Vols. I-III available online at Botanicus.org website
 "Systema vegetabilium florae peruvianae et chilensis" available online at Digital Library of Madrid Botanical Garden site
 "Flora peruvianae, et chilensis prodromus" available online at Digital Library of Madrid Botanical Garden site
 "Suplemento á la Quinologia" available online at Digital Library of Madrid Botanical Garden site
 Hipólito <mask>. Polymath Virtual Library, Fundación Ignacio Larramendi

Spanish botanists
1754 births
1816 deaths

masks:
Hipólito Ruiz López
Hipólito Ruiz
Ruiz
Ruiz López
Ruiz
Ruiz
Ruiz
Ruiz
Ruiz
Ruiz
Ruiz
Ruiz
Ruiz
Ruiz López


title: Hsieh Yu-shu

texts:
<mask> (, born 5 November 1960) is a Taiwanese professional golfer. Though he only won two prominent events, the 1988 Indonesia Open and the 1993 Mercuries Taiwan Masters, he was a consistent contender on the Asia Golf Circuit and Asian PGA Tour in the 1980s and 1990s. He recorded dozens of top-10s and at least a six second-place finishes between the circuits. Professional career
Hsieh turned professional in 1982. He began to have success on the Asia Golf Circuit the following year. He would seriously contend at the March 1983 Singapore Open, shooting consecutive round of 69 (−2) to put himself a shot back of countryman Ho Ming Chung. However he would ultimately finish outside of the Bill Brask – Lu Chien-soon playoff.A month later, he played excellently at his home nation's open, the Taiwan Open. After an opening 77 he shot consecutive rounds of 72 to place himself in the joint third round lead with compatriot Chen Tze-ming. On the difficult Lin Kuo Country Club course, his second and third rounds of even-par were tied for the best of the tournament through Saturday. During the final round, he was two-over par for the day and tied for the lead entering the 18th hole. He had a 2-metre putt on the 72nd hole for par to put him in a playoff with Lu Liang-Huan and Bill Israelson. He missed and finished in solo third. Overall for the year, he finished in second place on the circuit's Order of Merit.Hsieh's good play qualified him for the 1983 Open Championship. He shot an even-par 71 in the first round at Royal Birkdale. He shot a second round 72 to easily make the cut. Hsieh fell back with a third round 74 but made the third round cut on the number. In the final round, he ballooned to a 78 and finished in 63rd place. Later in the year, he played the World Series of Golf, a limited-field tournament on the PGA Tour. He finished in 38th place.In 1986 he had an excellent year. On 23 March, he finished runner-up at the Indonesia Open, one behind Frankie Miñoza. Less than a month later, on 19 April, he was in third place at midway point of Korea Open and would ultimately finish second, one behind countryman Tsao Chien-Teng. These performance would help him finish third on the 1986 Order of Merit. The following season, he recorded another runner-up finish, this time at the 1987 Taiwan Open, two back of American Mark Aebli. These good performances would culminate with his first victory on the Asia Golf Circuit. On 17 March 1988, he shot a second round 62 to take the lead at the Indonesia Open.He then shot a third round 67 to expand his lead to three shots. He started the final round "shakily" with a bogey on the third hole and was in danger of losing the lead. He "quickly settled down," however, with birdies on the 5th and 6th holes. He went bogey-free after the turn and made three birdies to go on and win by six over Mario Siodina. In addition to the sizable gap between him and Siodina, Hsieh defeated third-place finishers Paul Foley and Mark Aebli by 11 shots. Later in the year, in July, he finished in fifth place at the Malaysian Masters, the richest event in Asia outside of the Asia Golf Circuit, four back of fellow Chen Liang-Hsi. Hsieh played excellently at the 1989 Hong Kong Open.He finished the first round one back of Todd Hamilton. In the second round, he shot a 68 (−2) to tie Hamilton. Though he played, in his words, "too conservative" in the third round, he remained in contention with his third consecutive 68, now one back of Howard Clark. He struggled in the final round but still had a chance to enter a playoff with a final hole birdie. He bogeyed, however, to finish two back. He finished in a tie for fourth with Hamilton, Clark, and Canadian Jean-Louis Lamarre. In 1990, Hsieh played in the Dunhill Cup, a team event in Scotland, representing his home country of Taiwan.Taiwan played Wales in the first round of the single elimination event. Hsieh's match was against Ian Woosnam. He could not contend with Woosman, who within a year would be Masters champion and number 1 in the world. Woosnam defeated him by seven strokes, 71 to 78. Though Taiwan won one of its matches, they would lose overall to Wales, 2–1. In the early 1990s, Hsieh sporadically found success on the Asia Golf Circuit and PGA Tour of Australasia. He recorded two top-10s on the Asia Golf Circuit in 1991, at the Philippine Open and Benson and Hedges Malaysian Open.In 1992, he finished solo 5th at the Hong Kong Open; the only players to beat him were Tom Watson, Ronan Rafferty, Bernhard Langer, and Tom Pernice Jr. In October, he once again played well at the Malaysian Masters, an Australasian Tour event, finishing joint runner-up with Anthony Gilligan, two behind Terry Price. In 1993, back on the Asian circuit, he found himself one back of the lead at the Thailand Open entering the fourth round. He faltered in the final round, however, and finish in a tie for 11th. Later in the year, he won the 1993 Mercuries Taiwan Masters, an event outside of the Asia Golf Circuit. The following year he was one back of joint leaders Mike Cunning and Choi Sang-Ho at the midway point on the 1994 Philippine Open. He did not play well on the weekend, however, and dropped to T-36.Later in the season, he recorded top-10s at the Taiwan Open and Korea Open. Much later in 1994, he played well at the Singapore Open on the Australasian Tour. After three rounds, he was three back of Kyi Hla Han, in joint second place. He would ultimately finish in a tie for fourth. In 1995, the Asian PGA Tour formed and Hsieh soon started playing on it. In 1996, he had his first great success on the Omega Tour, as it was sponsored, recording a runner-up finish to Prayad Marksaeng at the Volvo China Open. The following year, he again recorded another runner-up finish, this time to Christian Pena at the Volvo Masters of Malaysia.In 2000, he recorded three top-tens on the Asian PGA Tour. In June 2001, he recorded another runner-up finish at the Singapore Open, this time one behind Thaworn Wiratchant. Though Wiratchant never held the lead until the 72 hole, he defeated Hsieh, his closest challenger, by one. Despite the loss, Hsieh was not particularly upset. "Thaworn was too good," he stated after the match. "When you birdie the last three holes, you deserve to win." In 2002, Hsieh recorded a runner-up finish at the Taiwan Open.This would be his final top-10 performance in a prominent event. Personal life
His brother, <mask> Chin-sheng, is also a professional golfer. He played significantly on the Asia Golf Circuit. Professional wins

Asia Golf Circuit wins (1)
1988 Indonesia Open

Taiwan wins (14)
1985 Lin Kou Open, Taichung Open
1986 King Grapes Classic, Taichung Open
1988 General Chow Chih-Jou Memorial Cup, Tainan Open, BMW Open, Chayi Open, Miller Beer Cup
1991 Chang Hwa Open
1992 Chang Kang Open
1993 Mercuries Taiwan Masters, Taichung Open
1994 Chang Hwa Open

Results in major championships

Source:

Team appearances
World Cup (representing Taiwan): 1987, 1992, 1993
Dunhill Cup (representing Taiwan): 1990

References

External links

 Hsieh Yu-shu at the Taiwan PGA official site

Taiwanese male golfers
1960 births
Living people

masks:
Hsieh Yu shu
Hsieh


title: Chiwoniso Maraire

texts:
<mask> (5 March 1976 – 24 July 2013) was a Zimbabwean singer, songwriter, and exponent of Zimbabwean mbira music. She was the daughter of Zimbabwean mbira master and teacher <mask> (and former officer in the Zimbabwe Ministry of Sports and Culture in the early 1980s). Describing the mbira, an instrument traditionally used by male musicians, she said, "It is like a large xylophone. It is everywhere in Africa under different names: sanza, kalimba, etc. For us in Zimbabwe it is the name for many string instruments. There are many kinds of mbiras. The one that I play is called the nyunga nyunga, which means sparkle-sparkle."Biography
Born in 1976 in Olympia, Washington, where her father had moved his family, The song bird spent the first seven years of her life in the US. She spent a portion of her high school years attending The Northwest School in Seattle, Washington. When she moved back to Zimbabwe she attended Mutare Girls' High School and took evening classes at the University of Zimbabwe, where her father was teaching. In the early 1990s, when she was 15, she formed part of the Afro-fusion hip-hop trio A Peace of Ebony, which "was perhaps the first group to fuse mbira with contemporary beats". In 1996, she joined The Storm, a band led by guitarist Andy Brown (who later became her husband): "The Storm became one of Zimbabwe's biggest bands, touring the world and winning accolades.... Maraire's firm voice and Brown's plucky guitar made a beautiful combination." Chiwoniso fronted her acoustic group Chiwoniso & Vibe Culture for several years. Her first album, Ancient Voices, was released to international acclaim in 1995 and she went on to record three more albums: Timeless (2004), Hupenyu Kumusha, Life at Home, Impilo Ekhaya.The Collaboration: Volume 1 (2006), and Rebel Woman (2008). From 2001 to 2004, she was also a core member of the multinational all-women band Women's Voice, whose original members hailed from Norway, Zimbabwe, Tanzania, the United States, Israel, and Algeria. Chiwoniso also starred in film, having worked on the soundtracks for movies and documentaries by an array of Zimbabwean writers and film producers in the last ten years. She made her last recording in March 2013, and "Zvichapera", a cover of Thomas Mapfumo's song, was released posthumously in 2015. Speaking out against police brutality
She said, "To beat people, to threaten people, to put a person in a situation where they have to think for the next five hours about whether or not they are going to be okay — is a very, very bad thing to do." Death and suicide of daughter
<mask> died on 24 July 2013 at South Medical Hospital in Chitungwiza, Zimbabwe, aged 37. According to her manager Cosmas Zamangwe, she had been admitted to hospital 10 days earlier suffering from chest pains.The cause of death was the result of suspected pneumonia, just a year after the death of her ex-husband, Andy Brown, also a prominent musician. The couple left behind two daughters, Chengeto and Chiedza. She was buried at her rural home in Chakohwa village in Mutambara. On September 12, 2015, the younger of her daughters, 15 year old Chiedza Brown, committed suicide. Chiedza was also a musician in the Mbira tradition like her mother and an accomplished singer. The last surviving member of <mask>'s family with Andy Brown is her daughter, Chengeto, although Andy Brown had other children, the half-siblings of <mask>'s daughters. Awards and honours
<mask> was honoured by Radio France ("Decouverte Afrique") for her debut album, Ancient Voices (1998), and was nominated in the Kora All-Africa Music Awards for best female vocals of Africa in 1999.The album entered the World Music Charts Europe three times. Discography

Albums
A Piece of Ebony: From the Native Tongue (1992)
Ancient Voices (1998)
Chiwoniso & Vibe Culture: Timeless (2004)
The Collaboration: Hupenyu Kumusha/Life at Home/Impilo Ekhaya. Ropafadzi Mapimhidze, "Multimedia: A tribute to <mask> <mask>", NewsDay, 26 July 2013. Violet Gonda, "Zimbabwe mbira queen <mask> <mask> dies", SW Radio Africa, 26 July 2013. replaced dead link with an archived copy of the page via the Internet Archive ( Wayback machine) July 24, 2015

 Silence Charumbira, "Chiwoniso: Mbira queen with unique voice", The Standard (Zimbabwe), 28 July 2013. Pamela Stitch, "Thank God It Is Friday", 18 November 2011. Rebel Woman. Sister-Fire: Chiwoniso <mask> (5 March 1976 – 24 July 2013).BlackLooks, 25 July 2013. Phillippa Yaa de Villiers, "A star has fallen", Books Live, 25 July 2013. "Feminist Chronicles: Diary 12: <mask> <mask>". 14 January 2012.
 .

1976 births
2013 deaths
Musicians from Olympia, Washington
Zimbabwean musicians
21st-century Zimbabwean women singers
Deaths from pneumonia in Zimbabwe
20th-century Zimbabwean women singers
American emigrants to Zimbabwe

masks:
Chiwoniso Maraire
Dumisani Maraire
Maraire
Maraire
Maraire
Chiwoniso
Chiwoniso
Maraire
Chiwoniso
Maraire
Maraire
Chiwoniso
Maraire