title: Lys Symonette

texts:
Bertlies "<mask><mask> (born Berta Weinschenk: 21 December 1914 – 27 November 2005) was a German-American pianist, chorus singer and musical stage performer. In 1945 she took a job as  rehearsal pianist, coach, understudy or multi-tasking "swing-girl" for The Firebrand of Florence, a Kurt Weill musical making its Broadway debut. This proved to be the start of a new career as Weill's musical assistant: from that point a principal focus of her professional life was on the composer and, more particularly after his early death in 1950, the career of his widow, the stage performer Lotte Lenya. When Lenya died, in 1981, <mask>tte was appointed vice-president of the Kurt Weill Foundation, also serving as its "musical executive". When she died her friend and frequent collaborator, Prof. Kim H. Kowalke, published an affectionate tribute in which he described her as "the last and irreplaceable link to the inner artistic circle of Weill and Lenya". Life

Provenance and early years
Berta Elisabeth Weinschenk was born in Mainz. Max Weinschenk, her father, was a Jewish wine merchant.Her mother, born Gertrude Metzger, was a committed singer who, as a contralto, gave recitals not just in her home city but also in Frankfurt and Gotha. There was musicianship on her father's side too: Jacob Hugo Weinschenk, her uncle, was an enthusiastic 'cellist (who also wrote sonnets). Bertlies (as she quickly came to be known) grew up with her parents and her younger sister, Marianne, at the family home at "Fischtor 21" in Mainz. An early blow was the death of her father when she was eleven. Almost at once, however, Bertlies and Marianne found they had acquired a (Christian) stepfather, Dr. Willi Honheisser. She attended the "Linkenbach" private school and then, between 1924 and 1934, the Senior Girls' School in Mainz. She passed her school final exams (Abitur) in 1934.She had not excelled particularly at mathematics and the sciences, but at the Senior School she had obtained top marks in singing and shown herself to be more than competent as a pianist. Her exam results in 1934 would, under other circumstances, have opened the way to university level education, but it was at this time still unusual for girls to attend university and the times were, in any case, malign. Nevertheless, at some point she was taught by Lothar Windsperger at the Peter Cornelius Conservatory in Mainz, and she briefly moved to Berlin to embark on a period as a music student, studying both the piano and singing. Nazi takeover
At the start of 1933 the Nazi Party took power in Weimar Germany and lost little time in transforming the country into a one-party dictatorship. The shrill antisemitism which had featured prominently in Nazi propaganda during the preceding decade became a key underpinning of government policy. During 1933 and 1934 many believed that the government, like others before it, would not last, but four years later the Nazis were still in control. At this stage arrest and imprisonment were still, for the most part, restricted to those Jews who were politically active: nevertheless, employment and business opportunities were being systematically cut away.In September 1933 Bertlies Weinschenk obtained an exit visa and relocated with her family, briefly, to Cologne where her sister had found a job in the garments industry. In 1936 she fled via Italy to Cuba. Bertlies would later recall that on the day they left Cologne she opened the balcony window of the hotel room where she was staying and played records of music from Kurt Weill's Threepenny Opera – which had been banned in Germany since 1933 – for the benefit of passers-by. From Cuba, helped by American contacts, she was able to obtain the necessary permits to enter the United States of America towards the end of 1937. In 1938 she was joined in the U.S. by her younger sister, who had managed to make the journey from Nazi Germany with fewer hold-ups. New life in the United States
It was also in 1938 that Bertlies Weinschenk enrolled at the Curtis Institute of Music in Philadelphia where, as before, she studied as both a piano and a voice student. She received a stipendium which funded her studies and covered her living expenses.Her teachers included Vera Brodsky and Elisabeth Schumann. Someone else whom she met at the Curtis was Ned Rorem, a composition student from the mid-west: she became the first singer to perform Rorem's songs in public. After graduating, during the early 1940s she performed regularly in clubs across the country as part of the two-piano combo "Yola and Lisa, the Mexican sisters" with Alberta Masiello, for which the two young women dressed "appropriately", "with big skirts and big earrings". The story is told of one night when the "sisters" were hired to perform at a club venue precariously located at the end of a pier in Galveston: they played on through a hurricane in order to avoid foregoing their fee. Kurt Weill and Randolph Symonette
It was Maurice Abravanel who recommended her to Kurt Weill as a rehearsal pianist for his new 1945 Broadway musical, The Firebrand of Florence. Abravanel was the conductor for the original production. As she would later laconically recall, Abravenal "suspected that [she] might be able to do the job, having been both a voice and piano major at the Curtis ...".After three days of "sight-reading-transposing-improvising" as she provided accompaniment for what felt like a never ending succession of auditioneers, a small man emerged, grinning, from the shadows of the auditorium: "I'd love to have you in the show. I'm Kurt Weill". Until Weill's early death in 1950 she worked closely with him. Using the stage name "<mask> Bert" she appeared in the chorus. On the occasion of Lotte Lenya's Broadway debut, the great diva (still relatively unknown outside Germany) was to be preceded by Billy Dee Williams singing "Make Way for the Duchess", but Williams found himself unable to maintain his pitch that night and the song was instead sung offstage by
the "boyish-sounding soprano", "Lisa Bert" (as she was listed on that occasion). Despite participating in stage performances, it appears that her more crucial contribution quickly became as a répétiteuse and as a coach for the singers. She evidently had an intense understanding of the singular singing style that Weill's music invited and, she would have insisted, needed.In 1949 she embarked on a parallel role as a translator, applying her skills to the libtretto of Weill's 1927 one-act comic opera, Der Zar lässt sich photographieren (The Czar Has His Photograph Taken) for the Metropolitan Opera studio. The part of the Hangman in the original production of The Firebrand of Florence had been taken by a New York bass-baritone called Randolph Symonette. In October 1949, Lost in the Stars opened on Broadway. Her rehearsal work done, <mask> left for an extended visit to Canada where she married "The Hangman". They returned to New York in March 1950: when <mask> Symonette tried to telephone him that she was back, the telephone was answered by a maid who told her that "Mr Weill" was in hospital. He died a few days later. This triggered a major turning point.Randolph and <mask> Symonette now relocated to West Germany where Randolph Symonette appeared in various major opera houses, focusing on some of the large-voice Wagner roles. Initially he spoke absolutely no German and his new wife had to coach him phonetically for his roles. During the 1953/54 season <mask> was able to return with her husband to Mainz where he appeared at the recently reopened Staatstheater. During their time living in West Germany she also promoted Weill's later works in that country "through ingenious translations and ceaseless proselytizing". Return to New York
Ten years later the couple returned to New York City. Over the next few years Randolph made a number of further appearances at the Metropolitan Opera. <mask> appeared with Weill's widow, Lotte Lenya at the Theatre de Lys, accompanying the singer in Gene Frankel's production, Brecht on Brecht.Over the next couple of decades she worked closely with Lenya as accompanist, trusted musical advisor and, at least on matters touching Kurt Weill's artistic legacy, friend and mentor. She persuaded Lenya to allow her to hand over a fat pile of unpublished Kurt Weill songs to Teresa Stratas which led to the publication of numerous songs that otherwise would have been lost to posterity including, most notably, "Youkali". In 1968 the Symonettes relocated to Tallahassee where Randolph had accepted a teaching job – later a professorship – at Florida State University. Two years after that she was drawn back to New York in order to be at the side of Lotte Lenya during preparations for an English-language premiere of Weill's "Aufstieg und Fall der Stadt Mahagonny" ("Rise and Fall of the City of Mahagonny"). Preparation of the opera had been dogged by artistic and legal disagreement, and Symonette reprised her role as "musical representative" of Lotte Lenya for rehearsals and performances. In the end credit for the translation of the libretto was shared between <mask> Symonette and the poet Arnold Weinstein. As the 1970s progressed the amount of time spent supporting Lotte Lenya increased.Additionally, in 1974 <mask> Symonette returned to the Curtis Institute, now as a voice coach. During the decade she collaborated on several new Weill productions and engaged in other projects which involved the publication and, frequently, the performance of hitherto unknown Kurt Weill songs. Later years and the Kurt Weill Foundation
Lotte Lenya died of cancer on 27 November 1981. She had been ill for several years, undergoing surgery in 1977 and again in 1978, and had initially avoided the implications of her failing health for her late husband's artistic legacy. However, by the later summer of 1980 she had been persuaded to give the matter serious consideration, and on 25 September a board of six trustees was elected for the newly established "Kurt Weill Foundation". The six included Kim Kowalke, today (2017) the foundation's long-standing president and, <mask> Symonette who for a quarter of a century, till her death would serve as the foundation's vice-president. When Lenya died the foundation's mandate to "administer, promote, and perpetuate "the legacies of Kurt Weill and Lotte Lenya" was confirmed in her will.<mask> Symonette suffered a fatal heart attack at Windsor, New York less than a month before what would have been her ninety-first birthday. References
Sources

Musicians from Mainz
German editors
German women editors
German pianists
German women pianists
Jewish emigrants from Nazi Germany to the United States
1914 births
2005 deaths
20th-century German women

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Lys
" Symonette
Lys Symone
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title: Virgilio Noè

type: original

texts:
<mask> (30 March 1922 – 24 July 2011) was an Italian Roman Catholic prelate and cardinal. He was elevated to the cardinalate in 1991. Early life and ministry
<mask> was born in 1922 in Zelata di Bereguardo, Lombardy. He studied at the Seminary of Pavia and was ordained a priest on 1 October 1944 by the Bishop of Pavia, Carlo Allorio. After ordination he became parish priest of the parish of San Salvatore in Pavia and founded a youth association to promote participation in the liturgy. In 1948, Bishop Allorio sent him to Rome to study at the Pontifical Gregorian University, where he earned a doctorate in ecclesiastical history in 1952, with a thesis entitled "The Religious Policies of the Lombard Kings". He taught Ecclesiastical History, Patristics, Liturgy and Art History in the seminaries of Pavia and Tortona.He was also spiritual director in the Collegio Sant'Agostino and the Collegio San Giorgio, and played a leading role in the diocesan liturgical commission. Among the projects undertaken were diocesan Eucharistic Congresses in 1956 and 1964. Activity in Rome

In the years 1964–1969, starting therefore during the period of the Second Vatican Council, he was in charge of the national Centro di Azione Liturgica (Centre for Liturgical Action) in Rome, and editor of its journal Liturgia. He was also lecturer in Sacred Art at the recently founded Pontifical Liturgical Institute of  Sant'Anselmo in the city, and when a commission was formed to revise the papal liturgical celebrations, he was made a member. From 1966 to 1968 he also served as vice-rector of the Pontifical Lombard Seminary in Rome. When the Sacred Congregation for Divine Worship (Sacra Congregatio pro Cultu Divino) was established in 1969 to take over the historical brief for liturgical affairs handled since 1588 by the Sacred Congregation of Rites (Sacra Rituum Congregatio), Mons. Noè was appointed its Undersecretary and held the post until the Congregation's short life came to an end.In the meantime, in 1970, Pope Paul VI  appointed him Master of ceremonies, a post now renamed for the first time Master of Pontifical Liturgical Celebrations and which he held until his appointment as a bishop in 1982, when Mons. John Magee was appointed to succeed him. In the same period he was chaplain to what is since called the Papal Gendarmeria. During his period in the office, the challenge for Mons. Noè was to find ways of apply the governing principles and the practical norms of the new liturgical books that were gradually being revised and published to unique circumstances of the papal liturgy. The papal liturgy is in many respects seen as a model, but is also almost always televised and has some papal rites which in the nature of things are peculiar to it. The new papal practice which he established was moderate and sober.The Masses and the more frequent liturgies for the beatifications and canonizations, but also the special ceremonies called for by the Jubilee of 1975, the funeral of Paul VI and the inauguration of the pontificates of his successors, were all given a new shape. The issuing of booklets for the people that were collector's items in their own right became a consolidated practice. Throughout this period, Mons. Noè's career then followed the complicated course of successive partial internal organizations of the Roman Curia. When in the summer of 1975 the Sacred Congregation for Divine Worship was amalgamated with the Sacred Congregation for the Discipline of the Sacraments (Sacra Congregatio de Disciplina Sacramentorum) (founded in 1908 by Pope Pius X) to form a Sacred Congregation for the Sacraments and Divine Worship (Sacra Congregatio de Sacramentis et Cultu Divino), Mons. Noè was appointed Undersecretary in charge of liturgical affairs. Archbishop and Cardinal

On 30 January 1982, Noè was appointed Secretary of the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments and made Titular Archbishop of Voncaria.He was ordained a bishop on 6 March 1982 in St. Peter's Basilica by Pope John Paul II, assisted by Archbishop Eduardo Martínez Somalo and Antonio Giuseppe Angioni, Bishop of Pavia. Between 1984 and 1988 the dicastery was briefly redivided into the Congregation for the Sacraments (Congregatio de Sacramentis) and the  Congregation for Divine Worship  (Congregatio de Cultu Divino) under a single Prefect. In this new version of the latter, Archbishop Noè was the sole Archbishop Secretary, according to the classic system. Then, as a result of the Apostolic Constitution Pastor Bonus of 1988, this move was reversed and there emerged the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments  (Sacra Congregatio de Cultu Divino de et Disciplina Sacramentorum), which still exists. In this new entity,  Archbishop Noè was no longer the sole Archbishop Secretary, but reverted to being once more Archbishop Secretary but in charge of a distinct section for Divine Worship. On 15 May 1989, Noè was named Coadjutor Archpriest of St. Peter's Basilica, giving him the right to succeed the ailing Cardinal Aurelio Sabattani in that position. At the same time he was appointed Delegate of the Fabric of St. Peter, a body he could expect to head as Archpriest.Noè was made Cardinal-Deacon of San Giovanni Bosco in Via Tuscolana in the consistory of 28 June 1991 by Pope John Paul II. Three days later, upon the retirement of Cardinal Sabattani, he was made Archpriest of St. Peter's Basilica, President of the Fabric of St. Peter, and Vicar General of Vatican City. From 1993 to 1996 he was also President of the Cardinalatial Commission for the Pontifical Shrines of Pompei, Loreto and Bari. After 10 years as Cardinal-Deacon, Noè took the option of elevation to the rank of Cardinal-Priest with the titular church of Regina Apostolorum as of 26 February 2002. He once said that Pope Paul VI spoke of the "smoke of Satan" when referring to priests who celebrated Mass badly. Death and Burial
On 24 July 2011, Cardinal Noè died in Rome at the age of 89. His funeral Mass was celebrated on 26 July 2011 in the apse of  St. Peter's Basilica, by Cardinal Angelo Sodano, Dean of the College of Cardinals and concelebrated by a large number of Cardinals and bishops.He is buried in the cemetery of Campo Verano, Rome. Notes

References

External links

1922 births
2011 deaths
21st-century Italian cardinals
20th-century Italian Roman Catholic titular archbishops
Cardinals created by Pope John Paul II
People from the Province of Pavia
Pontifical Gregorian University alumni
Italian art historians
Liturgists
20th-century Italian cardinals

masks:
Virgilio Noè
Noè


title: Kento Haraguchi

texts:
<mask> (原口健飛, born 9 April 1998) is a Japanese kickboxer. He is the 2019 RISE Lightweight champion and the 2020 Dead or Alive Lightweight tournament winner. <mask> began his career competing in karate and amateur kickboxing, before transitioning to professional boxing in 2015, at the age of 17. Two years later, he returned to kickboxing and made his professional debut in 2017. As of May 2021, Combat Press ranks him as the #3 super bantamweight kickboxer in the world. Combat Press has ranked him in the Super Bantamweight top ten since November 2020. Personal life
<mask> married at the age of 19.He is a father of two daughters. His first daughter, Noa, was born when he was 17 and a second-year in high school. Kickboxing career

ACCEL

ACCEL Featherweight title reign
<mask> made his professional debut against Shiro Kajihara at All Boxing World 10th. He won the fight by a third round technical knockout. His debut win, as well as his boxing and karate career, earned <mask> the chance to fight Fumihiro Uesugi at ACCEL vol.37, in Uesugi's fifth title defense. During the first round of their bout, Uesugi looked to push into the pocket behind a high guard, however, <mask> kept distance with a front kick and racked up damage with body kicks. Near the end of the first round, <mask> staggered his opponent with a left hook and knocked him down through a combination of punches.<mask> immediately pressured as the second round began, thoroughly dominating the champion and forcing him to take a knee three times, which awarded Hariguchi the technical knockdown. <mask> participated in the RISE Dead or Alive 57 kg tournament, held at RISE 121. He was scheduled to fight Taiki Naito in the quarterfinals. The fight was ruled a draw after the first three rounds, which resulted in an extra fourth round being fought. Naito won the extra round by unanimous decision. <mask> was scheduled to make his first title defense against Shogo Kuriaki at ACCEL vol.38. Although the fight was close, <mask> won the fight by unanimous decision, with all the judges awarding him all three rounds.He returned to RISE at RISE 132, when he was scheduled to fight the #6 ranked RISE Super Featherweight Jun Aiolos. <mask> dominated the bout, knocking Aiolos down twice in the first round and twice in the second round, before Aiolos' corner threw in the towel. <mask> was scheduled to fight Henry Cejas in a non-title bout at ACCEL vol.39. <mask> fought mainly off the back-foot, slowly accumulating damage on his opponent, before knocking Cejas out with a jumping switch kick at the very end of the third round. Road to RIZIN
<mask> was scheduled to participate in the Road to RIZIN Tournament, held during RISE 125. He was scheduled to fight the WBC Muaythai International Featherweight champion Momotaro in the semifinals, with the other semifinal bout being contested by Shuto Miyazaki and Yamato Fujita. <mask> beat Momotaro by a closely contested unanimous decision, with all three judges awarding him a single round, while scoring the other two rounds as draws.He was more dominant in the final bout against Shuto Miyazaki, winning once again by unanimous decision (30-26, 30-28 and 30-27). Winning the tournament earned him the opportunity to fight at the next RIZIN event. <mask> was scheduled to make his second title defense against Chibita at ACCEL vol.40. Early on in the first round, <mask> landed a body kick which broke Chibita's ribs, while a second kick to the body resulted in the first knockdown of the fight. <mask> kept kicking Chibita's body which resulted in a knockout 90 seconds into the fight. <mask> made his RIZIN debut at RIZIN 13, when he was scheduled to fight the former K-1 Super Featherweight champion Taiga Kawabe. The closely contested fight was ruled a majority draw, with one of the three judges awarding <mask> a 30-29 scorecard.RISE
<mask> was scheduled to fight the ISKA Spain K-1 and Muay Thai champion Miguel Martinez during the opening round of the 2019 RISE World Series. The fight ended after just 25 seconds, as <mask> knocked Martinez out with a body kick. <mask> was next scheduled to fight against the #2 ranked RISE lightweight Tomohiro Kitai at RISE 132. <mask> made use of his superior speed and outfighting ability to win by unanimous decision, winning all three rounds on the judges scorecards. In the semifinal event of the RISE World Series, <mask> faced Lu Jun. Jun came into the fight 0.8 kg over the weight limit. He was given a one point deduction and heavier gloves as a penalty for the weight miss.<mask> managed to stagger Jun with a head kick at the very beginning of the match, before knocking him out after only 67 seconds of the first round. At Rise World Series 2019 Final Round, <mask> was scheduled to fight the 2017 RISE Super Featherweight champion Chan Hyung Lee. <mask> was dominant throughout the fight, winning the fight by unanimous decision. Two of the judges awarded him 30-27 on their scorecards, with the last one awarding him a 30-28 scorecard. On September 1, 2019, <mask> was scheduled to fight the former KNOCK OUT Lightweight champion Yosuke Morii at JAPAN KICKBOXING INNOVATION, in a five round fight with elbows allowed. <mask> looked to push the pace, pressuring Morii with kicks, with Morii looking to relive the pressure through clinch work. <mask> scored the first knockdown in the second round with a right hook.Less than 30 seconds into the third round, <mask> once again scored a knockdown with a right hook. Although Morii was able to beat the eight count, the referee nonetheless decided the wave the fight off. RISE Lightweight champion

<mask> vs. Hideki
<mask> was scheduled to fight the #1 ranked RISE Lightweight, and one-time title challenger, Hideki at RISE 136 for the vacant RISE Lightweight championship. <mask> came into the fight as the #2 ranked RISE lightweight, on a five-fight winning streak. The fight began with both fighters fighting out of the southpaw stance, trading low leg kicks. The fight ended in the last minute of the first round, as <mask> knocked his opponent down with a lead right hook counter to Hideki's left straight. Hideki was unable to beat the eight-count, resulting in a knockout victory for <mask>.During his post-fight speech, <mask> called out the previous RISE Lightweight champion Taiju Shiratori. <mask> vs. Tofanelli
<mask> was scheduled to fight Chadd Collins in the semifinals of the 2020 RISE World Series tournament. The other two semifinalists were Nuenglanlek Jitmuangnon and Taiju Shiratori. The RISE World Series tournament was later scrapped, as Collins and Nuenglanlek were unable to enter the country at the time, due to travel restrictions imposed in order to slow the spread of COVID-19. <mask> was instead scheduled to fight Vitor Tofanelli at Rise on Abema, in a 67kg bout, 4 kilograms above <mask>'s usual weight. <mask> won the fight by unanimous decision, utilizing outfighting to score on the advancing Tofanelli. <mask> vs. Taiga II
<mask> was scheduled to fight a rematch with Taiga Kawabe at Rizin 23 – Yokohama.Their first match at Rizin 13 was ruled a draw. Since their first fight, <mask> had won all seven of his fights, while Taiga entered the fight with only a single win in past seven fights. <mask> dominated the entirety of the bout, knocking Taiga down three times in less than three minutes, winning the fight by a technical knockout. RISE Dead or Alive Tournament
His position as the RISE Lightweight champion earned <mask> a place in the 2020 RISE Dead of Alive 63 kg tournament, being scheduled to fight the 2018 SHOOT BOXING Japan Lightweight Champion Renta Nishioka in the semifinals. The two other participants in the tournament were Naoki Tanaka and Taiju Shiratori, with <mask> and Shiratori being the favorites to enter the tournament final. In the semifinals bout, <mask> beat Renta Nishioka through a dominant unanimous decision, justifying his role as the favorite. <mask> then faced Naoki Tanaka in the finals.He immediately pressured Tanaka backwards with a combination of body-head punches and managed to knock Tanaka down, after successfully pushing his opponent into the ring corner. Although Tanaka managed to beat the eight-count, the referee decided to wave the fight off due to Tanaka being unsteady on his feet. <mask> was awarded ¥5,000,000 for winning the tournament, as well as a ¥500,000 knockout bonus. During the post-fight interview, <mask> reiterated his desire to fight Taiju Shiratori, with RISE president Takashi Ito likewise stating that the <mask>-Shiratori bout was in their 2021 plans. Post-title reign

<mask> vs Shiratori
On December 15, 2020, <mask> vacated the RISE Lightweight title, stating that he wanted to focus on a planned RISE Dead or Alive tournament. <mask> was scheduled to fight the Glory featherweight champion Petpanomrung Kiatmuu9 at RISE El Dorado in February 2021. Petpanomrung was unable to enter Japan, as the travel restrictions imposed to combat the COVID-19 pandemic were extended from February 7th to March 7th.He was accordingly replaced by the 2019 RISE Lightweight Champion Taiju Shiratori, 24 days before the event. The two of them were previously scheduled to participate in the RISE WORLD SERIES 2020 -63kg Tournament, which was to be held in spring of 2020, but was cancelled due to the emerging COVID-19 pandemic. They were also expected to fight in the final of the DEAD OR ALIVE 2020 -63kg class tournament held on October 11, 2020, as they were both favorites in their semifinal bouts. However, Shiratori unexpectedly lost to Naoki Tanaka. During the first round of the fight against Shiratori, <mask> focused on landing the right straight and body kicks on his southpaw opponent. During the second round, <mask> managed to knock Shiratori down twice. The first knockdown came after <mask> switched to southpaw and landed a partial spinning hook kick to the head of Shiratori.The second knockdown came as both fighters were turning to face each-other and <mask> landed a head kick from the orthodox stance. <mask> continued to pressure in the third round, but was unable to finish Shiratori, winning the fight by unanimous decision. During the post-fight conference, RISE representative Takashi Ito stated that the Petpanomrung Kiatmuu9 fight was still in the organization's plans. <mask> vs. Tapruwan
<mask> was scheduled to face the former WMC World featherweight and RISE Super Lightweight champion Tapruwan Hadesworkout at RISE WORLD SERIES 2021 Yokohama on September 23, 2021. The bout was contested at a 65.5kg catch-weight, 2.5kg above <mask>'s usual weight. Although RISE had other opponents in mind for <mask>, restrictions imposed due to the COVID-19 pandemic forced them to rely on competitors currently present in Japan. <mask> won the fight by a third-round technical knockout.After an even first-round, Tapruwan managed to knock <mask> down with a knee strike in the second round. <mask> rallied in the third round and knocked Tapruwan down with a left hook. Although his opponent was able to beat the eight-count, <mask> soon after unloaded with a barrage of punches, which forced the referee to stop the fight. <mask> vs. Petpanomrung
On October 22, 2021, it was revealed by that <mask> would face the four-time defending Glory Featherweight Champion Petpanomrung Kiatmuu9 at RISE World Series 2021 Osaka 2 on November 14, 2021. The pair was originally scheduled to face each other at RISE El Dorado on February 28, 2021, before the fight was eventually postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. <mask> lost the fight by unanimous decision, with two judges awarding Petpanomrung a 30-28 scorecard, and the third judge scoring the fight 30-29 for him. <mask> was unable to mount any consistent offense against the Thai, who in turn successfully landed a great volume of knees and kicks, although he was given a yellow card for illegal clinching in the second round.<mask> vs. Lompetch
At a press conference held by RISE on February 18, 2022, it was announced that <mask> would next face the ISKA Muay thai world super lightweight champion Lompetch Y'zdgym. The fight was scheduled for RISE El Dorado 2022, which took place on April 2, 2022. style=background:white colspan=9 |
|-  style="text-align:center; background:#cfc;"
| 2020-10-11||Win ||align=left| Renta Nishioka || RISE DEAD OR ALIVE 2020 Yokohama, Semi Final||  Yokohama, Japan || Decision (Unanimous)|| 3 || 3:00
|-  style="text-align:center; background:#cfc;"
| 2020-08-10 || Win ||align=left| Taiga|| Rizin 23 – Yokohama || Yokohama, Japan || KO (Punches) || 1 || 2:50
|-  style="text-align:center; background:#cfc;"
| 2020-07-12|| Win ||align=left| Vitor Tofanelli || Rise on Abema || Tokyo, Japan || Decision (Unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
|-  style="text-align:center; background:#cfc;"
| 2020-01-13||Win ||align=left| Hideki || RISE 136 || Tokyo, Japan || KO (Right Hook) || 1 || 2:23
|-
! style=background:white colspan=9 |
|- style="text-align:center; background:#fbb;"
| 2017-11-23|| Loss ||align=left| Taiki Naito|| RISE 121, DEAD or ALIVE -57kg Tournament, Quarter Final || Tokyo, Japan || Ext.R Decision (Unanimous) || 4|| 3:00
|- style="text-align:center; background:#cfc;"
| 2017-08-12|| Win ||align=left| Fumihiro Uesugi|| ACCEL vol.37 || Kobe, Japan || KO (3 Knockdowns) || 2|| 2:22
|-
!

masks:
Haraguchi Kento
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title: Thomas W. Sherman

texts:
<mask> (March 26, 1813 – December 31, 1879) was a United States Army officer with service during the Mexican–American War and the American Civil War. While some contemporaries mistakenly identified him as the brother of the more famous General <mask><mask>, modern scholarship notes that the two were not closely related. Early career
<mask>, known to his friends as "Tim", was born in Newport, Rhode Island, the son of Elijah and Martha (<mask><mask>. His desire to attend the United States Military Academy at West Point was so strong that he walked from Newport to Washington, D.C. to secure a Congressional appointment. <mask> graduated from West Point on July 1, 1836 and was commissioned a second lieutenant in the 3rd U.S. Artillery Regiment. <mask> would serve the bulk of his career with the 3rd Artillery and eventually became its commander.His early career included service in the Florida Wars against the Seminoles from 1836‑38 and in the Cherokee Nation in 1838 while transferring the Native Americans to the West. He was promoted to first lieutenant on March 14, 1838. He served again in the Florida War from 1838 to 1842 and on recruiting service in 1842. He served at Fort Moultrie, South Carolina from 1842 to 1844 and was again on recruiting service from 1844 to 1846. He was promoted to captain on May 28, 1846. Mexican–American War
During the War with Mexico he took a distinguished part in the Battle of Buena Vista on February 23, 1847, leading his battery in a defensive action helping to stop the Mexican attack, and was brevetted to major "for Gallant and Meritorious Conduct" during the battle. He was assigned to Fort Trumbull in New London, Connecticut in 1848 and then to Fort Adams in Newport from 1849 to 1853.He was then on frontier duty at Fort Snelling, Minnesota from 1853 to 1857 and was in command of expedition to Yellow Medicine, Minnesota in 1857. He was involved in quelling the Kansas Border Disturbances in 1857 to 1858 and the Artillery School for Practice at Fort Ridgely, Minnesota from 1858 to 1861, except while in command of the expedition to Kettle Lake, Dakota in 1859. Family
In 1858, <mask> married Mary Hannah Shannon, the daughter of <mask>, who had served as Governor of Ohio and Governor of Kansas Territory. They were the parents of a son, <mask> <mask> (1860–1936). Mary Shannon <mask> died from surgical complications just four days before her husband's death. News stories in 1910 indicated that <mask> had not been heard from since the early 1890s, and that attorneys and police in Washington, DC and Newport were attempting to locate him. The effort to locate <mask> was undertaken because he was the only heir to his parents' estate, a large part of which had been held for him since their deaths.By the time of his death in 1936, he was living at the Masonic Home in Charlton, Massachusetts. Civil War
At the start of the Civil War, <mask> was serving as a major in the 3rd Artillery when President Abraham Lincoln appointed him to the grade of brigadier general of volunteers on August 6, 1861, to rank from May 17, 1861. <mask>'s nomination to the grade of brigadier general of volunteers was sent by President Abraham Lincoln to the United States Senate on July 31, 1861 and the Senate confirmed the appointment on August 3, 1861. He assumed command of the ground forces in the Port Royal Expedition. <mask> and the naval force under Flag Officer Samuel F. du Pont captured Port Royal in a combined Army/Navy operation. After briefly commanding the Department of the South, <mask> was sent to the Western Theater. He took command of Major General George H<mask>'s division during the Siege of Corinth when the latter assumed command of the Right Wing of Major General Henry W. Halleck's army group.After that he commanded the Defenses of New Orleans before taking command of a division in Major General Nathaniel P. Banks's army, which he led into action at the Siege of Port Hudson. During the May 27, 1863 attack on Port Hudson, <mask> was severely wounded, which led to the amputation of his right leg. His injuries were so severe that he was not expected to live, and the newspaper in his hometown of Newport, Rhode Island, printed an extensive obituary for him. For the rest of the war he held administrative commands in Louisiana. <mask> was mustered out of the volunteers on April 30, 1866. In recognition of his heroism and services, President Andrew Johnson nominated <mask> for appointment to the grade of brevet major general of volunteers to rank from March 13, 1865 and the United States Senate confirmed the appointment on March 12, 1866. On June 30, 1866, President Johnson nominated <mask> to be appointed to the rank of brevet major general of the United States Army (i.e.Regular Army), to rank from March 13, 1865, and the Senate confirmed the appointment on July 25, 1866. Post war
On February 5, 1868, <mask> was elected as a First Class Companion of the Pennsylvania Commandery of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States and was assigned insignia number 643. He was also, most probably, a member of the Grand Army of the Republic. After <mask> was mustered out of volunteer service on April 30, 1866, he reverted to his Regular Army grade of colonel and was placed in command of the 3rd Artillery Regiment. He served in command of his regiment and the post of Fort Adams, in Newport from July 29, 1866, to February 1869. He was in temporary command of the Department of the East from January to July 16, 1868. His final assignment was in command of his regiment and Fort Taylor in Key West, Florida from February 1869 to November 29, 1870.<mask> retired from active service on December 31, 1870, as a major-general for "Disability caused by the Loss of a Leg in Battle". <mask> lived at his home named "Twin Beeches" on Catherine Street in Newport until he died there on March 16, 1879, at the age of 66. He is buried in the Island Cemetery in Newport. Legacy
In 2017, Major General <mask> <mask> Camp 1 was chartered by the Sons of Union Veterans of the Civil War (SUVCW). Camp 1 serves as the local chapter of the SUVCW in Newport County, Rhode Island. Dates of rank

 Cadet, United States Military Academy – 1 July 1832
 2nd Lieutenant, 3rd Artillery – 1 July 1836
 1st Lieutenant, 3rd Artillery – 14 March 1838
 Captain, 3rd Artillery – 28 May 1846
 Brevet Major – 23 February 1847
 Major, 3rd Artillery – 27 April 1861
 Lieutenant Colonel, 5th Artillery – 14 May 1861
 Brigadier General, Volunteers – 17 May 1861
 Colonel, 3rd Artillery – 1 June 1863
 Brevet Brigadier General, USA – 13 March 1865
 Brevet Major General, Volunteers – 13 March 1865
 Brevet Major General, USA – 13 March 1865
 Mustered out of Volunteers – 30 April 1866
 Retired with rank of Major General, USA – 31 December 1870

See also

 Battle of Fort Pulaski, The Plan. T. <mask> approved Gillmore's plan for successful siege.List of American Civil War generals (Union)

References

External links

 Cullum's Register of USMA Graduates

People from Newport, Rhode Island
Union Army generals
United States Military Academy alumni
1813 births
1879 deaths
People of Rhode Island in the American Civil War
American military personnel of the Mexican–American War
Burials in Rhode Island

masks:
Thomas West Sherman
William T
. Sherman
Sherman
West
) Sherman
Sherman
Sherman
Sherman
Wilson Shannon
Wilson Shannon
Sherman
Sherman
Wilson Sherman
Wilson Sherman
Sherman
Sherman
Sherman
Sherman
. Thomas
Sherman
Sherman
Sherman
Sherman
Sherman
Sherman
Sherman
Sherman
Thomas West
Sherman
Sherman


title: Mahmoud Mar'ashi Najafi

texts:
<mask>'<mask> or <mask>'<mask> (born 1941) is an Iranian librarian, Bibliographer and manuscript expert. He is the director of Mar'ashi Najafi Library, which he says is one of the largest libraries in Iran and the world. Life and education
<mask>'<mask>, the eldest son of Shahab ud-Din Mar'<mask> and the grandson of <mask>'<mask>, was born in 1941 in Qom, Iran. After elementary and high school in Qom, he started learning Islamic seminary sciences, studied the basics and first levels with prominent professors such as Fazel Lankarani, Seyyed Mahdi Lajevardi, Abutaleb Tajlil Tabrizi, Mohammad Sadegh Nasiri Sarabi, Mohammad Taghi Sotoudeh and Seyyed Ahmad Varamini. He then learned the highest level of seminary lessons from his father, who was a distinguished professor, and until the last days of his father's life, he was his disciple. In addition to studying religious sciences, Mar'ashi studied books and treatises of the ancients and the late in these fields due to his great interest in the sciences of rijal, genealogy, bibliography and codicology. In this way, he used his father's instructions and experiences a lot and gradually became an expert.He has received many permissions from many professors and elders. He then entered the academic sciences in the field of sociology. Mar'ashi continued his studies in sociology, first at the University of Tehran and then at the University of London, and in 1985 received a doctorate in sociology from the University of London. Bibliography

Books
Seyyed <mask> Mar'ashi <mask> 's independent works are mainly in the field of cataloging of manuscripts, bibliography and biography of a number of Iranian Muslim thinkers. From 1962 to 2003, in a period of forty-one years, he has authored twelve books. In addition, he has corrected 9 works and 64 books have been published under his supervision. This library was established by Shahab ud-Din Mar'ashi <mask> and according to his will, its management is the responsibility of his descendants.Member of the World Library Organization
 Honorary member of Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences
 Licensee and managing director of "Mirase Shahab" magazine, specialized quarterly of codicology and bibliography

Awards
 An honorary doctorate from the Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, 1990
 The prominent bibliographer of the country (Iran), 1995

See also
 Rasul Jafarian
 Seyyed Hassan Eslami Ardakani
 Mehdi Bayani
 Mohammad Taqi Danesh Pajouh
 Abdolmohammad Ayati
 Ahmad Vaezi
 Seyed Ali Asghar Dastgheib

References

External links
 An introduction to the collection of Islamic manuscripts in the library of Ayat Allah Marashi Najafī, Qom-Iran / <mask> Marashi
 Ayatollah Marashi Najafi Library
 Books by Ayatollah Mar'ashi Najafi unveiled
 Grand Ayatollah Mar’ashi Congress to be Held in Qom

1941 births
Living people
People from Qom
Qom Seminary alumni
Faculty of Social Sciences of the University of Tehran alumni
Alumni of the University of London
Iranian Shia clerics
Iranian librarians
Scholars of Shia Islam
Shia clerics

masks:
Mahmoud Mar
ashi Najafi
Seyyed Mahmoud Mar
ashi Najafi
Seyed Mahmoud Mar
ashi Najafi
ashi Najafi
Seyed Shamsuddin Mahmoud Mar
ashi Najafi
Mahmoud
Najafi
Najafi
Mahmoud


title: Padmanabhan Palpu

texts:
<mask> LMS, DPH (Cantab) FRIPH (London) (2 November 1863 – 25 January 1950) was the second public health doctor in Travancore and a social revolutionary, who become the chief medical officer of Mysore State. He was a member of the British Medical Council for Virology. Ritty Lukose describes him as the "political father" of the Ezhavas, who are numerically the largest caste in the region now encompassed by the state of Kerala. In 1903, he founded the Sree Narayana Dharma Paripalana Yogam, (Society for the Propagation of the teachings of Sree Narayana) whose first president was Narayana Guru, who sought an end to the caste system and preached his concept of "one caste, one religion, one god." Life

Early life and education

<mask> was born on 2 November 1863 in Petta, Trivandrum, then in the Kingdom of Travancore, India. His family were wealthy and educated members of the Ezhava caste, which at that time was considered to be a backward community among what Swami Vivekananda described as the "mad house" that was the caste system of Kerala. The Ezhavas were traditionally occupied as weavers, farmers and some of them were toddy tappers but many had involvements in agriculture and ayurvedic medicine, and they were also occupied as shopkeepers, astrologists, businessmen and land lords.<mask>, who had learned English from a Eurasian tutor from the age of 12, attended Maharaja's College in Trivandrum and matriculated there in 1883. Like his older brother, he seems to have been able to use his family's association with Christian missionaries to avoid the usual rule in the kingdom that Ezhavas were forbidden from school attendance. He was subsequently refused admission to Travancore Medical College due to his caste. From 1885, he attended a similar college in Madras, which was outside the kingdom, having raised money to do so through subscriptions and taking on debt. His financial situation was dire by the end of the first year, when he received an honour certificate, but he was able to complete the course with the aid of donations he solicited from various high-placed people. These donations were carefully scripted to prevent him from later taking up a position within the government, as Ezhavas were forbidden from such employment and many higher caste doctors would in any event refuse to work with lower caste colleagues. He went to England to further his medical training at London and Cambridge.Back in India and having been awarded his Licentiate in Medicine and Surgery in 1889, he found that his caste status prevented him from obtaining employment in the Travancore Health Service, which meant that he had to relocate to Mysore to get work. Mysore state service

<mask> later became the chief Medical officer of Mysore state like a minister. His salary was more than the salary of Travancore Diwan. Later he was selected to the British Medical Council for virology. He was the only person for Asia. After the retirement, he was offered the post of Diwan in Baroda, but he refused the offer. . He was able to work for the British there as a public health doctor.Social activism

Becoming aware of the importance of education as a method of socio-economic advancement and also as means to improve health and hygiene, <mask> was the third signatory to the "Malayali Memorial", a petition organised and submitted to the Maharaja of Travancore on January 1, 1891, that primarily sought to address the concerns of those members of the Nair community and other natives, who were in government jobs but felt that the best of those jobs were dominated by non-Malayali Brahmins. The petition was amended to include a statement on the injustices faced by Ezhavas and was published in the Madras Times in July. Whilst the Memorial had no success, according to Robin Jeffrey it did indicate to Palpu a method by which he could continue to campaign for the improved position of Ezhavas in society. Caroline Wilson notes that he also petitioned the Houses of Parliament while in England. <mask> was among those who attempted to use data from the 1891 census to highlight inequalities in Travancore society and he again made demands in 1895, when he petitioned the Diwan of Travancore, S. Shungrasoobyer, with a statement explaining the ways in which the Ezhavas suffered discrimination. He noted that if members of the community wanted education or government jobs then their only recourse was to convert from Hinduism to Christianity. Shungrasoobyer was slow in responding but in February 1896, when <mask> had taken leave from his job in Bangalore, Mysore, to press the matter in Trivandrum, he told <mask> that the government would open as many of its schools as possible to Ezhavas and that it would consider applications from qualified Ezhavas for posts in all departments other than Revenue.In practice, when some Ezhava graduates applied for government jobs soon after Shungrasoobyer's announcement, they were told that there were no vacancies. Thus, later in 1896, <mask> again took leave from his job to campaign in Travancore. He organised a petition that attracted the signatures of 13,176 Ezhavas. This letter was presented to the Maharajah of Travancore and demanded their right to admission in schools run by the colonial government and access to employment in public service. The bar from education in government schools was noted as being inequitable given their claim that the Ezhavas paid more taxes than any other community in the kingdom. The petition was published in the Madras Mail in September of that year. This use of petitions as a vehicle to achieve a coalescence of communal consciousness and cause change was one of the first examples of such in the kingdom, where the ritually superior Brahmin groups held the majority of posts available in the administration of the state.<mask> influenced the political philosophy of C. Kesavan. He had a son, commonly known as Nataraja Guru. References

1863 births
1950 deaths
Indian male writers
Malayali people
19th-century Indian medical doctors
Narayana Guru
People from Thiruvananthapuram district
Madras Medical College alumni
20th-century Indian medical doctors
19th-century Indian writers
20th-century Indian writers
Writers from Kerala
Indian bacteriologists
Scientists from Kerala

masks:
Padmanabhan Palpu
Padmanabhan Palpu
Palpu
Palpu
Palpu
Palpu
Palpu
Palpu
Palpu
Palpu


title: Geoff Paine

texts:
<mask> is an Australian television and theatre actor from Melbourne. After graduating from drama school Paine secured a role on the soap opera Neighbours, playing the role of doctor Clive Gibbons. He remained in the role for one year before leaving to pursue other projects. He returned to the role briefly in 1989, with the opportunity to appear in a spin-off series based on the character, but no television network would produce the show. Paine continued his career with roles in A Country Practice and the comedy sketch show The Comedy Company. He also concentrated on his stage career gaining roles in productions that toured Australia, including various projects at the Melbourne International Comedy Festival. Paine's 12 month portrayal of the ginger haired medic Clive Gibbons is widely regarded as a pivotal moment in Australian television.He insisted on the character's surname being Gibbons, after seeing British comedy trio The Goodies, performing their single The Funky Gibbon on Tizwas in 1976. Paine remains a good friend of Bill Oddie, and the pair meet twice a year to discuss gibbon related matters and stuff like that. He continued to appear on television with numerous guest roles in dramas. He later started his own production company, then wrote and starred in his own play, Unpack This, which was based on his own experiences. Other regular roles include his appearances as Malcolm Wilson in the Nine Network children's television series Pig's Breakfast and as Malcom Mann in ABC3's Mal.com. In 2017, Paine decided to return to Neighbours as Clive and has continued to appear since on a recurring basis. Career
To start his career, Paine attended drama school for three years.In 1986, Paine secured the role of Clive Gibbons in the Australian soap opera Neighbours. This was his first television acting role after he had graduated. Paine was approached by Neighbours casting department to audition, after they watched him perform in a play at the Victorian Arts Centre. In November 1986, TV Week reported that <mask> had quit the series but would remain on-screen until early 1987. In a 1988 interview, Paine stated that he feared he would become typecast in the role and did not regret leaving. The actor later made a brief return to the show in 1989. Clive became popular with viewers and this return was scripted to set up a spin-off series, City Hospital.A pilot was made, but it was not picked up by any television networks. Paine moved to London briefly before returning to live in Australia. Neighbours had achieved success in the United Kingdom and he was often approached by fans in the street. He went on to appear in episodes of the Seven Network soap opera A Country Practice as Jeff Ryan during 1987, 1988 and 1989. Paine began appearing in the sketch show The Comedy Company when it returned for its 1990 season. In 1996, Paine secured the guest role of Roman in Blue Heelers. Paine found the role "interesting" because Roman "is not what he seems."On 13 November 1997, he appeared in an episode of State Coroner as a farmer, Barry Davis who is murdered. In 1999, Paine secured the role of newsreader Malcolm Wilson in the Nine Network children's television series Pig's Breakfast. He reprised the role for the show's second series. Other acting credits include guest roles in The Games, The Adventures of Lano and Woodley, Stingers, The Wedge, City Homicide, Wilfred and The Doctor Blake Mysteries . Paine has also tried to secure film roles and has appeared in The Craic (1999), The Wog Boy (2000) and The Wedding Party (2010). In early 2011, he took the role of Malcom Mann in Mal.com. The show was created for a young audience and Malcom is a television host who is also secretly a robot.The show debuted via ABC3 on 28 October 2011. In 2013, he secured a presenting role on Spontaneous Saturday which featured theatresport-type games. The two episode pilot was produced for the SBS network. In 2017, Paine reprised his role of Clive in Neighbours, twenty-eight years after he had last been on the show. Paine's return came after he made an enquiry to the Neighbours production team via his agent. He had been asked to return previously but could not because of family and other work commitments. Paine remained with Neighbours on a recurring basis, filming episodic blocks while also working in a university.The role saw him working with Colette Mann, with who he had previously co-starred in theatre work. Paine also secured a guest role in an episode of Nine Network's Bad Mothers. Aside from television roles, Paine has pursued a theatre career and has secured roles in various national productions. In 1987, he played Michael in The Hope at the Victorian Arts Centre. In 1991, Paine appeared in the stage version of Hair at the Melbourne Athenaeum. He went on to secure a main role in the 1992 Australian tour of Up 'n' Under. In 1993, Paine secured the role of Terry Legge in the production of Big Toys which was held at the Playbox Theatre, Melbourne.That year Paine was appearing in the theatrical comedy titled "Shear Madness", alongside Colette Mann. In April 1996, he played Marlowe in Murder to Die For, which was produced as part of the Melbourne International Comedy Festival. In May 1997, Paine joined his former Neighbours colleague Annie Jones in the production of Effie – Exposed. In April 2000, Paine starred in the stage production of The Linda Blair Witch Project at the Melbourne Town Hall. He then appeared in theatre production of It's A Dad Thing! for its Australian tour. In 2011, he wrote and acted a play show titled Unpack This, which debuted at the Melbourne Fringe Festival.The show was based on Paine's own experience attending a one day anger management work shop following a dispute with a neighbour. His show then went on tour around Victoria. In 2019, <mask> and Mann worked together again creating their own improvisational show Mann Up and Take the Paine. The show, which also served as an acting class, played during the Melbourne International Comedy Festival. Personal life
Paine is the youngest of six children. He graduated from Victorian College of the Arts in 1985. Paine later became the father of twins.Outside of acting, Paine secured work as a content curator and blogger at Monash University. Other jobs include time as a consultant for ABC and the Seven Network. He also created his own independent production company producing corporate communications for retail, government and non-profit organisations. Paine is the Councillor for Wingrove Ward in the Nillumbik Council and is currently serving the 2020-2024 term. Filmography

Sources:

References

External links
 Official website

Living people
21st-century Australian male actors
Australian male television actors
Australian soap opera actors
Victorian College of the Arts alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)

masks:
Geoff Paine
Paine
Paine


title: Charley Hoffman

texts:
<mask> (born December 27, 1976) is an American professional golfer who plays on the PGA Tour. Early years and amateur career
Born in San Diego, California, <mask> won the California state high school championship in 1994 and 1995, becoming the first two-time winner. He graduated from Poway High School in 1995. He qualified three times for the Buick Invitational as an amateur. In college, <mask> was a member of the 1998 NCAA championship team at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas. He was an honorable mention All-American in the same year. While at UNLV, his teammates included Chris Riley, Chad Campbell, Bill Lunde, and Adam Scott.He graduated in 2000 with a bachelor's degree in communications and turned pro. Professional career

2000–05: Nationwide Tour
<mask> struggled in his first year on the Buy.com Tour in 2000, only making four of 19 cuts. He had a better year in 2001, making 12 of 23 cuts including a top-10 finish. He only played in three events on tour in 2002, making one cut. He also played in three events on the European Tour where he finished tied for 5th at the Madeira Island Open and tied for 12th at the Qatar Masters. <mask> did not play on the renamed Nationwide Tour in 2003 but returned in 2004 and won his first professional event at the Permian Basin Charity Golf Classic. In 2004, <mask> made 13 of 15 cuts and recorded two top-10 finishes and 10 top-25 finishes.<mask>'s breakthrough year on tour was 2005, making 18 of 26 cuts while recording a runner up finish, 8 top-10s and 12 top-25s. He earned $212,322 on the year and finished 19th on the money list, earning him his PGA Tour card for 2006. <mask> won the 2005 Straight Down Fall Classic with Ed Cuff Jr.

2006–09: Early PGA Tour career and first win
<mask> made 21 of 29 cuts and recorded five top-10s and 10 top-25s. He finished tied for 46th at the 2006 U.S. Open, his first major. His best finish came at the Frys.com Open where he finished tied for fifth. <mask> earned $1,115,193 and finished 82nd on the money list. <mask> won his first event of the 2007 season at the Bob Hope Chrysler Classic in January.This victory lifted <mask> into the top 100 of the Official World Golf Rankings. <mask> won his first PGA tour event by defeating John Rollins after he birdied the first hole in a playoff. The rest of 2007 was mediocre for <mask> though, on the year he made 18 of 30 cuts and recorded two top-10s and 7 top-25s. He earned $1,689,366 and finished 50th on the money list and the FedEx Cup standings. He finished tied for 35th in his first Open Championship and was cut from his first PGA Championship. He also finished tied for 7th at the Deutsche Bank Players Championship of Europe on the European Tour. <mask> made 19 of 29 cuts in 2008 and recorded three top-10 finishes and 6 top-25 finishes.His best finish came at the Shell Houston Open where he finished tied for 6th. He had his least successful year on tour, earning $945,702 and finishing 110th on the money list. The following year, <mask> almost picked up his second win on Tour at the FBR Open in 2009 but he lost in a playoff to Kenny Perry. <mask> recorded four top-10s and 11 top-25s in the 2009 season and finished a career high 41st on the money list. 2010–13
<mask> won his second PGA Tour event at the Deutsche Bank Championship in Boston. This victory helped <mask> to finish 25th on the money list, the first time he finished inside the top 30. <mask> came close to his third PGA Tour win at the Valero Texas Open finishing tied for 2nd with Kevin Chappell behind tour rookie Brendan Steele.<mask> best finish was T2 at the Travelers Championship, one stroke behind Marc Leishman. <mask>'s best 2013 finish was a T3 at the Valero Texas Open. 2014–17
<mask> captured his third career PGA Tour win on November 16, 2014 at the OHL Classic at Mayakoba. He shot rounds of 66-68-67-66 for a 17-under one-shot victory over Shawn Stefani and earned $1.098 million. In January 2015 he was runner-up at the Humana Challenge. In the spring, he finished ninth at the Masters Tournament, his best finish in a major championship to date. In May he finished tenth at the Crowne Plaza Invitational at Colonial and was runner-up at the AT&T Byron Nelson, and in July he finished seventh at the RBC Canadian Open.<mask> won the Valero Texas Open in April 2016, for this fourth career victory, shooting a 3-under-par 69 in the final round. He defeated Patrick Reed by a single stroke. On April 6, 2017, <mask> shot a 65 in windy conditions to lead by four strokes after the first round of the 2017 Masters. His round consisted of nine birdies and is biggest lead after the first round of the Masters since 1941. He followed this up with a three over round of 75 in the second round to drop back into a four-way tie for the lead. <mask> was in possession of the lead or co-lead for the majority of round three, until he found the water on the 16th, culminating in a double bogey. He finished with a level par round of 72, which left him two shots back of Sergio García and Justin Rose, entering the final round.He finished with a closing round of 78 in the final round to finish T-22. After losing by a fraction of a point to Kevin Chappell for the final guaranteed selection to the 2017 Presidents Cup, <mask> was named a captain's pick. <mask> reached a career high world ranking of 20th in 2017. Professional wins (6)

PGA Tour wins (4)

PGA Tour playoff record (1–2)

Nationwide Tour wins (1)

Nationwide Tour playoff record (1–0)

Other wins (1)
2005 Straight Down Fall Classic (with Ed Cuff Jr.)

Results in major championships
Results not in chronological order in 2020. CUT = missed the half-way cut
"T" = tied
NT = No tournament due to COVID-19 pandemic

Summary

Most consecutive cuts made – 7 (2017 Masters – 2018 Open)
Longest streak of top-10s – 1 (twice)

Results in The Players Championship

CUT = missed the halfway cut
"T" indicates a tie for a place
C = Canceled after the first round due to the COVID-19 pandemic

Results in World Golf Championships
Results not in chronological order prior to 2015. QF, R16, R32, R64 = Round in which player lost in match play
"T" = tied
Note that the HSBC Champions did not become a WGC event until 2009. U.S. national team appearances
Professional
Presidents Cup: 2017 (winners)

See also
2005 Nationwide Tour graduates

References

External links

American male golfers
UNLV Rebels men's golfers
PGA Tour golfers
Korn Ferry Tour graduates
Golfers from San Diego
Golfers from Nevada
Sportspeople from Las Vegas
People from Poway, California
1976 births
Living people

masks:
Charley Lindley Hoffman
Hoffman
Hoffman
Hoffman
Hoffman
Hoffman
Hoffman
Hoffman
Hoffman
Hoffmann
Hoffman
Hoffman
Hoffman
Hoffman
Hoffman
Hoffman
Hoffman
Hoffman
Hoffman
Hoffman
Hoffman
Hoffman
Hoffman
Hoffman
Hoffman
Hoffman
Hoffman
Hoffman


title: Flea Clifton

texts:
Herman Earl "<mask>" <mask> (December 12, 1908 – December 22, 1997), was a professional baseball player for 13 years from 1930 to 1943. He played parts of four season in Major League Baseball as an infielder for the Detroit Tigers from 1934 to 1937. He was a member of the 1935 Detroit Tigers team and was the starting third baseman in the 1935 World Series. <mask> also played 12 years of minor league baseball, including stints with Raleigh Capitals (1930–1931), Beaumont Exporters (1932–1933), Toledo Mud Hens (1936–1937), Toronto Maple Leafs (1938–1941), Oklahoma City Indians (1941–1942), Fort Worth Cats (1942), and Minneapolis Millers (1943). After retiring from baseball in 1944, <mask> worked in the insurance business in Cincinnati, Ohio, for 40 years. Early years
<mask> was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1908. He grew up in the west end of Cincinnati.His father was killed in the Argonne Forest in 1918 while serving in World War I. In 1925, his mother was strangled, using <mask>'s school tie, by a friend of his stepfather. <mask> became a homeless orphan at age 15: "Right after my mom died my stepdad kicked my ass out into the snow. He never liked me, anyway. Rightfully so. That was 1925. I'll never forget that year.For a year it was tough, but I toughened up pretty quick. I was living behind a garage in the back end of town, across the Ohio River in Ludlow, Kentucky." Eventually, his grandmother found him and "dragged" him to her house where he lived. Professional baseball career

Minor leagues
<mask> played semi-pro baseball in Cincinnati on a team that won the city championship. The team advanced to the National Amateur Baseball Federation tournament, and <mask> was voted the outstanding shortstop in the tournament. He was discovered by Detroit scout Billy Doyle and signed with the Detroit Tigers. <mask> idolized Ty Cobb as a boy (<mask> referred to Cobb as his "patron saint") and signed with Detroit even though the St. Louis Cardinals were willing to pay more money.<mask> began his professional baseball career playing in the Detroit farm system for the Raleigh Capitals of the Class C Piedmont League. He played for Raleigh in 1930 and 1931. In 1930, he hit .261 with nine triples and two home runs. In 1931, he improved his batting average to .301. <mask> met future Hall of Famer Hank Greenberg when they played together in Raleigh. Greenberg and <mask> were the only two teammates from Raleigh to make it to the major leagues with the Tigers. The two remained friends and teammates through the remainder of <mask>'s career.<mask> appeared in the 1998 documentary about Greenberg, "The Life and Times of Hank Greenberg." In his autobiography, Greenberg recalled <mask> as a "tough little guy even though he weighed only about 150 pounds." Greenberg wrote that, while playing together in Raleigh, <mask> used a gray bat made of Cuban wood that he soaked in water every night, supposedly "to keep it from cracking or chipping." Greenberg recalled: "Flea guarded that bat with his life; he'd fight anybody who came near it." Greenberg also joked about <mask>'s unusual diet: "On the road, he used to eat nothing but dougnuts and bananas. He said they were cheap and filling and stretched his meal money. Flea was the only ballplayer who could show a profit on $1-a-day meal money."Beaumont
In 1932 and 1933, <mask> played for the Beaumont Exporters in the Class A Texas League. The 1932 Beaumont team, managed by Del Baker, won the Texas League championship and included several future Tigers, including <mask>, Hank Greenberg, Schoolboy Rowe, Pete Fox, Elden Auker and Frank Reiber. Each of these players would play together on Detroit's 1934 and 1935 Detroit pennant teams. <mask> later recalled that he frequently got into "fracases" with other players and ended up being hit by pitches more than anyone else. When <mask> claimed not to understand why he got hit so much, a teammate told him: "Then repeat after me: 'I give the pitcher hell, I give the catcher hell, I give the infielders hell, so their control's not so good when you come to the plate.'" While playing in Beaumont, manager Del Baker gave him the nickname "Flea." <mask>'s son recounted: "He kept pestering the manager until the guy said, 'Herman, you're worse than a damn sand flea,' and the 'flea' stuck."<mask> enjoyed the wild atmosphere in the Texas League. He later wrote: "Texas is my favorite state, for a number of reasons. The beer tastes better and the women are prettier. And I love the heat. . . . Texas would've adopted me, I'm telling you right now. I would've been a good ol' Texan. Fact of the matter is, the owner of the Beaumont team wanted to adopt me." In 1933, <mask> had his best season in professional baseball.He raised his batting average to .301 with 25 doubles, 11 triples, 49 stolen bases, and two home runs in 575 at bats. He also drew 93 walks boosting his on-base percentage to .393. The Detroit Free Press praised <mask>'s patience at the plate: "He has a good eye and knows how to wait a pitcher out." Defensively, <mask> became one of the best shortstops in the Texas League, compiling 417 putouts, 433 assists and a .966 fielding percentage. Detroit Tigers

1934 season
After a strong season in Beaumont, <mask> was the subject of a front-page profile in The Sporting News in December 1933. The article noted that he had been Beaumont's starting second baseman in 1933 and a shortstop in 1932. It concluded that <mask> was "not expected to cause the retirement of Charlie Gehringer to the shade of the bench, but there is a strong possibility that he will stay around because of his qualifications as a utility man."<mask> attended spring training with the Tigers in 1934 as the No. 1 rookie in the camp. With Gehringer entrenched at second base, the Tigers sought to convert <mask> Owen. Team owner Frank Navin, not typically verbose in his praise for rookies, stated that he appreciated <mask>'s effort and viewed him as an "old-fashioned player." <mask> made the Tigers' roster in 1934, but was unable to find a spot in the starting lineup. With Charlie Gehringer, Billy Rogell and Marv Owen appearing in all 154 games at second, short and third, there was little room for <mask> even to make an appearance as a backup. He appeared in only 20 games for the 1934 Tigers, none as a starter, and went 1-for-16 for an .063 batting average.His most memorable moment on September 16 in the middle of the Tigers' pennant drive. <mask> was placed into a game as a pinch runner for Ray Hayworth. With one out, Jo Jo White hit a slow ground ball to the second baseman; <mask> began running with the crack of the bat and when the second baseman threw to first, <mask> rounded third and scored the winning run. Playing on <mask>'s small size, the Detroit press dubbed the play the "hidden runner" trick. The Tigers won the 1934 American League pennant, but <mask> saw no action in the 1934 World Series. 1935 season
In January 1935, <mask> heard that the Tigers were considering sending him to the Hollywood Stars of the Pacific Coast League. He drove through a snowstorm from his home in Cincinnati to Detroit to make a personal plead to club owner Frank Navin: "Don't send me away from the Tigers without another chance. . . . Give me a chance to fight for my job."Navin was impressed and withdrew the plan to send <mask> to Hollywood. With the Tigers' veteran infield returning, the 1935 season began for <mask> much like the 1934 season. Gehringer and Rogell appeared in 150 games, but Owen missed 19 games at third. <mask> filled in for Owen, starting 19 games at third base and also starting four games at second and two at shortstop. <mask> appeared in a total of 45 games for the 1935 Tigers and improved his batting average to .255 with nine RBIs. In the 1935 World Series, <mask> started the series on the bench. However, Hank Greenberg broke his wrist in Game 2, and Marv Owen was moved from third base to first base to fill in for Greenberg.With Owen vacating third, <mask> stepped in as the starting third baseman for the remainder of the Series. <mask> was hitless in 16 at bats in the Series, and later recalled: "I never hit the ball harder than I did in the '35 Series, but I couldn't buy a base hit." Though he was unable to hit, <mask> walked twice, scored a key run and contributed defensively to the 1935 World Series championship. In Game 4, <mask> scored the winning run to put the Tigers ahead, 3 games to 1. With two out in the sixth inning, <mask> hit a long, high line fly to deep left field. Chicago's Augie Galan misplayed the ball, and <mask> wound up on second base. Pitcher Alvin Crowder then came to bat and hit an "easy roller" through the infield, and <mask> scored standing up from second base.<mask> also made a significant contribution to the Tigers' decisive Game 6 victory. With the Cubs ahead, 3–2, Stan Hack hit a double in the 6th inning. When Hack tried to score from second base later in the inning, <mask> positioned himself in the base path as Hack attempted to round third base. Hack was called out when he tried to run around <mask>. Hack protested that he had not left the base path, but the call was upheld. The Tigers scored twice after Hack was called out and won the game, 4–3. 1936 and 1937 seasons
<mask> saw limited action with the Tigers in 1936 and 1937.In 1936, he appeared in only 13 games for the Tigers and compiled a .192 batting average. He spent some of the season with the Tigers' farm team, appearing in 19 games for the Toledo Mud Hens. In 1937, <mask> was left with the Mud Hens for most of the season. He appeared in 107 games in Toledo and compiled a .253 batting average with 18 doubles, three triples, and four home runs. When Charlie Gehringer pulled a ligament during the 1937 season, <mask> was recalled to the Tigers to play second base. He appeared in 15 games for the 1937 Tigers, managing only five hits in 43 at bats for a .114 batting average. <mask> appeared in his last major league game on July 1, 1937.With Gehringer healthy, the Tigers sent <mask> back to Toledo subject to recall on 24-hour notice. In January 1938, the Tigers gave <mask> an outright release, selling him to the Toronto Maple Leafs. Veteran Detroit sports writer Sam Greene paid tribute to <mask> upon his final, unconditional release by the Tigers. Greene wrote:"The definite departure of the versatile <mask> will be accepted with a measure of regret by those who appreciate hustling abilities in an athlete. <mask> has no superior in aggressive spirit. To him a ball game, regardless of the state of the score, was always worthy of his best efforts." Greene concluded that, despite <mask>'s zest for the game, he could not overcome the simple physical reality that he was too "undersized and frail" to compete in the major leagues.Return to the minors
After leaving the Tigers, <mask> played eight more years in the minor leagues. He played for the Toronto Maple Leafs in the International League from 1938 to 1941, the Oklahoma City Indians in the Texas League from 1941 to 1942, and the Fort Worth Cats in the Texas League in 1942. <mask> concluded his professional baseball career in 1943, playing 150 games for the Minneapolis Millers in the American Association. <mask> compiled a .282 batting average and 56 RBIs for the 1943 Millers. <mask> retired from baseball when an offer to make him manager in Minneapolis was revoked: "I had a really good year. They were going to make me manager, but then they gave it to Zeke Bonura, who was coming out of the service. I said the hell with it.I had three kids and I didn't like to travel. I started in the insurance business, another career." Family and later years
<mask> was married to his wife, Marcella, in 1931. Their children included son, Kerry, and daughters, Arlene, Carol and Gwenn. After retiring from baseball in 1944, <mask> returned to his hometown of Cincinnati. He became an insurance agent and worked for 40 years at the George R. Hammerlein Insurance agency, eventually holding the title of vice president. <mask> also served for many years as a sandlot baseball coach in the Greater Cincinnati Knothole Association, where his Bridgetown and Harrison teams "won several city and national championships."His son, <mask>, recalled his father's days as a coach: "When you played for him, he'd tell you he'd promise you three things: a little sweat, a little blood and victory . . . He'd take everybody's castoffs and mold them into championship teams." In December 1997, <mask> died of complications from a stroke at Franciscan Hospital-Western Hills Hospital in Cincinnati. He was buried at the Bridgetown Cemetery in Hamilton County, Ohio. See also
1935 Detroit Tigers season

References

1908 births
1997 deaths
Baseball players from Cincinnati
Beaumont Exporters players
Cincinnati Reds scouts
Detroit Tigers players
Fort Worth Cats players
Major League Baseball infielders
Minneapolis Millers (baseball) players
Oklahoma City Indians players
Raleigh Capitals players
Toledo Mud Hens players
Toronto Maple Leafs (International League) players

masks:
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Raleigh Clifton
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title: Alfred de Vigny

texts:
<mask>, <mask> (27 March 1797 – 17 September 1863) was a French poet and early leader of French Romanticism. He also produced novels, plays, and translations of Shakespeare. Biography
Vigny was born in Loches (a town to which he never returned) into an aristocratic family. His father was a 60-year-old veteran of the Seven Years' War who died before Vigny's 20th birthday; his mother, 20 years younger, was a strong-willed woman who was inspired by Rousseau and took personal responsibility for Vigny's early education. His maternal grandfather, the <mask>, had served as commodore in the royal navy. Vigny grew up in Paris, and took preparatory studies for the École Polytechnique at the Lycée Bonaparte, obtaining a good knowledge of French history and the Bible before developing an "inordinate love for the glory of bearing arms". As was the case for every noble family, the French Revolution diminished the family's circumstances considerably.After Napoléon's defeat at Waterloo, a Bourbon, Louis XVIII, the brother of Louis XVI, was restored to power, and in 1814 Vigny enrolled in one of the privileged aristocratic companies of the Maison du Roi (king's guard) as a second lieutenant. Though he was promoted to first lieutenant in 1822 and to captain the following year, the military profession in time of peace bored him. After taking several leaves of absence he abandoned military life in 1827, having already published his first poem Le Bal in 1820 and an ambitious narrative poem Éloa in 1824 on the popular romantic theme of the redemption of Satan. Prolonging successive leaves from the army, he settled in Paris with his young English bride Lydia Bunbury, whom he married in Pau in 1825. He collected his recent works in January 1826 in Poèmes antiques et modernes. Three months later he published the first important historical novel in French, Cinq-Mars, based on the life of Louis XIII's favorite Henri Coiffier <mask>, Marquis of Cinq-Mars, who conspired against the <mask> Richelieu. With the success of these two volumes, Vigny seemed to be the rising star of the Romantic movement, though one of Vigny's best friends, Victor Hugo, soon usurped that role.Vigny wrote of Hugo: "The Victor I loved is no more... now he likes to make saucy remarks and is turning into a liberal, which does not suit him." Unlike Hugo and Alphonse <mask>, who moved gradually to the center and then to the left during the 1830s, Vigny remained pliantly centrist in his politics: he accepted the July monarchy, at first welcomed and then rejected the Second French Republic, and then supported Napoleon III. Vigny later denounced members of his inner circle whom he suspected of republican sympathies to the imperial police. The visit of an English theater troupe to Paris in 1827 revived French interest in Shakespeare. Vigny worked with Emile Deschamps on a translation of Romeo and Juliet. In 1831 he presented his first original play, La Maréchale d'Ancre, a historical drama recounting the events leading up to the reign of King Louis XIII. Attending the theater, he met the great actress Marie Dorval, and became her jealous lover until 1838.(<mask>'s wife had become a near invalid and never learned to speak French fluently; they had no children, and Vigny was also disappointed when his father-in-law's remarriage deprived the couple of an anticipated inheritance.) In 1835 Vigny produced a drama titled Chatterton, based on the life of Thomas Chatterton, with Marie Dorval starring as Kitty Bell. Chatterton is considered to be one of the best of the French romantic dramas and is still performed regularly. The story of Chatterton had inspired one of the three episodes of Vigny's philosophical novel Stello (1832), in which he examined the relationship of poetry to society and concluded that the poet, doomed to be regarded with suspicion in every social order, must remain somewhat aloof and apart from the social order. Servitude et grandeur militaires (1835) was a similar tripartite meditation on the condition of the soldier. Although Vigny gained success as a writer, his personal life was not happy. His marriage was a disappointment; his relationship with Marie Dorval was plagued by jealousy; and his literary talent was eclipsed by the achievements of others.He grew embittered. After the death of his mother in 1838 he inherited the property of Maine-Giraud, near Angoulême, where it was said that he had withdrawn to his 'ivory tower' (an expression Sainte-Beuve coined with reference to Vigny). There Vigny wrote some of his most famous poems, including La Mort du loup and La Maison du berger. Proust regarded La Maison du berger as the greatest French poem of the 19th century. In 1845, after several unsuccessful attempts to be elected, Vigny became a member of the Académie française. In later years, Vigny ceased to publish. He continued to write, however, and his Journal is considered by modern scholars to be a great work in its own right, though it awaits a definitive scholarly edition.Vigny considered himself a thinker as well as a literary author; he was, for example, one of the first French writers to take a serious interest in Buddhism. His own philosophy of life was pessimistic and stoical, but celebrated human fraternity, the growth of knowledge, and mutual assistance as high values. He was the first in literary history to use the word spleen in the sense of woe, grief, gall, descriptive of the condition of the soul of modern man. In his later years he spent much time preparing the posthumous collection of poems now known as Les Destinées, for which his intended title was Poèmes philosophiques. It concludes with Vigny's final message to the world, L'Esprit pur. Vigny developed what is believed to have been stomach cancer in his early sixties. He endured its torments with exemplary stoicism for several years: 'When we see what we were on Earth and what we leave behind/Only silence is great; everything else is weakness.'() <mask> died in Paris on 17 September 1863, a few months after the death of his wife. He was buried beside her in the Cimetière de Montmartre in Paris. Several of his works were published posthumously. Works
 Le Bal  (1820). Poèmes (1822). Éloa, ou La Sœur des Anges (1824). Poèmes Antiques et Modernes (1826).Cinq-Mars (1826). Roméo et Juliette (1828, translation of Romeo and Juliet). Shylock (1828, adapted from the original by William Shakespeare). Le More de Venise (1829, translation of Othello). La Maréchale d'Ancre (1830). L'Almeh: Scènes du Désert (1831, unfinished). Stello (1832).Quitte pour la Peur (1833). Servitude et Grandeur Militaires (1835). Chatterton (1835). Daphné (1837, unfinished). Les Destinées (1864, illustrated by Nicolas Eekman in 1933.). Journal d'un Poète (1867). Œuvres Complètes (1883–1885).References

Further reading

 Bianco, Joseph (1990). "A Moveable Exile: <mask> <mask>'s 'Moise'," Modern Language Studies, Vol. XX, No. 3, pp. 78–91. Chamard, Henri (1917). "<mask> Vigny," The Modern Language Review, Vol.XII, No. 4, pp. 450–468. Compton, C.G. (1903). "<mask> <mask>," The Living Age, Vol. CCXXXVI, pp.270–278. Croce, <mask> (1924). "<mask> Vigny." In: European Literature in the Nineteenth Century. London: Chapman & Hall, pp. 131–144. Denommé, Robert Thomas (1989).Nineteenth-century French Romantic Poets. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia
 Dey, William Morton (1936). "The Pessimism and Optimism of <mask> <mask>," Studies in Philology, Vol. XXXIII, No. 3, pp. 405–416. Doolittle, James (1967).<mask> <mask>. New York: Twayne Publishers. Draper, F.W.M. (1923). The Rise and Fall of the French Romantic Drama. New York: E.P. Dutton & Company.François, Victor E. (1906). "Sir Walter Scott and <mask> <mask>," Modern Language Notes, Vol. XXI, No. 5, pp. 129–134. Gauthier, Théophile (1906). "<mask> Vigny."In: Portraits of the Day. New York: The Jenson Society, pp. 171–174. Gosse, Edmund (1905). "<mask> Vigny." In: French Profiles. London: William Heinemann, pp.1–34. Gribble, Francis (1910). The Passions of the French Romantics. London: Chapman & Hall. Hay, Camilla H. (1945). "The Basis and Character of <mask> <mask>'s Stoicism," The Modern Language Review, Vol. XL, No.4, pp. 266–278. Higgins, D. (1949). "Social Pessimism in <mask> <mask>," The Modern Language Review, Vol. XLIV, No. 3, pp. 351–359.Hope, William G. (1939). "The 'Suffering Humanitarian' Theme in Shelly's Prometheus Unbound and in Certain Poems of <mask> Vigny," The French Review, Vol. XII, No. 5, pp. 401–410. Majewski, Henry F. (1989). Paradigm & Parody: Images of Creativity in French Romanticism.Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia. McLeman–Carnie, Janette (1998). "Monologue: A Dramatic Strategy in <mask> <mask>'s Rhetoric," Nineteenth-Century French Studies, Vol. XXVI, No. 3/4, pp. 253–265. Mill, John Stuart (1859)."Writings of <mask> <mask>." In: Dissertations and Discussions, Vol. I. London: John W. Parker & Son, pp. 287–329. Rooker, J.K. (1914). "The Optimism of <mask> Vigny," The Modern Language Review, Vol. IX, No.1, pp. 1–11. Smith, Maxwell (1939). "<mask> <mask>, Founder of the French Historical Novel," The French Review, Vol. XIII, No. 1, pp. 5–13.Sokolova, T.V. (1973). "<mask> Vigny and the July Revolution, 1830–1831," Nineteenth-Century French Studies, Vol. I, No. 4, pp. 235–251. Whitridge, Arnold (1933).<mask> <mask>. London, New York: Oxford University Press. External links

 Works by <mask> <mask>, at Hathi Trust

1797 births
1863 deaths
19th-century French dramatists and playwrights
19th-century French male writers
19th-century French novelists
19th-century French poets
Burials at Montmartre Cemetery
Counts of France
French male novelists
French male poets
French monarchists
Lycée Henri-IV alumni
Members of the Académie Française
People from Loches
Philosophical pessimists
Poètes maudits
Romantic poets
Writers from Centre-Val de Loire
19th-century diarists

masks:
Alfred Victor
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title: Barbara Probst Solomon

texts:
<mask> (December 3, 1928 – September 1, 2019) was an American author, essayist and journalist. Her published works include two novels, two volumes of memoirs, and a book of collected essays. <mask> was the United States cultural correspondent for Spain's "newspaper-of-record", El País of Madrid. <mask> was awarded the 25th Francisco Cerecedo Prize by the Association of European Journalists in Spain. The prize, which comes with an award of $36,000, is the most prestigious journalism prize in that country, and <mask> was the first North American to receive it. She accepted the award from the future King of Spain Prince Felipe at a gala in Madrid. In January 2008, <mask> was part of José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero's "dream team" of 14 international experts in Madrid, a team that included Professors Joseph Stiglitz, Jeremy Rifkin and Nicholas Stern.In 2007 <mask> received the United Nations/Women Together Award which pays tribute "to a group of women who share...a commitment to their work, and a devotion to making the world a better place.". She was a member of the graduate faculty of Sarah Lawrence College and a distinguished visiting professor at the Menéndez Pelayo International University in Spain. Biography

Born in New York City, <mask> would go on to become a writer whose interests, from the beginning, were global. A graduate of the Dalton School in New York City, after World War II she bypassed college in America to go to Europe. She studied at the Sorbonne in France. In 1948, <mask> and <mask> (the sister of Norman Mailer) aided Paco Benet in the rescue of two Spanish students being held in the Franco gulag near Madrid, where they were used as slave labor to build Francisco Franco's future tomb, The Valley of the Fallen/Valle de los Caídos. One of the students, Nicolas Sanchez Albornoz was the son of the historian Claudio Sanchez Albornoz, the president of the Spanish Republic in Exile.<mask> and Paco Benet, brother of the Madrid novelist Juan Benet, spent five years together, mainly in Paris, where Benet and <mask> edited the resistance magazine Peninsula together. When <mask> returned to New York she enrolled in the School of General Studies at Columbia University, where she received her BS with honors in Spanish in 1960. <mask>'s father, J. Anthony <mask>, was Woodrow Wilson's youngest campaign manager before he served in the United States Army during World War I. He was gassed in the trenches while stationed in France as a private, resulting in a three-year stay in an American army hospital there. <mask>'s cousin, the Austrian writer Joseph Roth, was a soldier serving on the German/Austrian side. Probst returned to New York after the war to become a successful lawyer. Later he bought the Self Winding Clock Company from Standard Oil, which was affiliated with Western Union.<mask>'s mother, Frances Kurke <mask>, worked as a middy blouse model during World War I; after her marriage she attended Columbia University and became an artist. She was a student of Julio de Diego. Her art and work were much influenced by that of Kurt Schwitters. Writing
<mask> was a regular correspondent for The Huffington Post. <mask> mooted the idea that F S Fitzgerald based his book the Great Gatsby on his time with his new wife Zelda in Westport Connecticut rather than Long Island as is commonly accepted. This theory has been turned into a film entitled Gatsby in Connecticut. Books

<mask>'s books included the novel The Beat of Life (1969, 2nd edition 1999, Great Marsh Press) and her memoir Arriving Where We Started (1972; revised edition 1999), which won the Pablo Antonio de Olavide prize in Barcelona "for being the best, most literary account of the intellectual resistance to Franco."Carolyn See of The New York Times, in her review of <mask>'s 1983 Short Flights, said, "This is a remarkable memoir." <mask>'s other work included the essay collection Horse-Trading and Ecstasy (1989), the novel Smart Hearts in the City (1992) and the American edition of Operation Ogro: The Execution of Admiral Luis Carrero Blanco (Quadrangle, 1975) Operación Ogro. <mask> completed a new novel, The King of Paris, about Vichy France; the first chapter appeared in The Reading Room: Writing of the Moment/7-Summer 2007. Her essays and articles appeared in The New York Times, The New York Review of Books, The Wall Street Journal, The [Huffington Post], The New Yorker, New York Sun, Slate, The Washington Post, The Los Angeles Times, Harpers,  Doubletake, Vogue, The New Republic, Cambio 16, Dissent, Partisan Review, L'infini (Gallimard), L'Evenement du Jeudi and Letras Libres. Stanley Crouch, writing in The All-American Skin Game, comments, "<mask>t <mask>'s famous essay about the posthumous, high-handed editing down of The Garden of Eden mightily shook Scribner's voodoo Hemingway industry when it was published in a 1987 issue of The New Republic. That investigative essay impressed the way first-class detective work always does, supplying the pleasure of witnessing the covers pulled off a serious fraud. But her 1992 novel, Smart Hearts in the City, is a banana peel that can slide us out of our customary disappointment with the short range and the low ambition of contemporary American fiction....The mulatto textures of Katy Becker's world and the many, many ways in which <mask>bst <mask> has elevated her epic sense of Americana into literature, subtle to raw, is an achievement that should take a lasting place in the writing about the riddle of the human spirit as expressed within the context of this polyglot nation's bittersweet and stinking little secrets."Documentary film

The film When the War Was Over, her memoir-documentary based on Arriving Where We Started, which premiered in 1999 on PBS and on Canal Plus in Europe, won the Lancelot Law Whyte Award at Boston University for its contribution to modern culture. Awards and activism

In 2002 she started the literary journal The Reading Room: Writing of the Moment, with the founding Board of Larry Rivers, Norman Mailer, Saul Bellow and Donald Maggin, and continues to serve as publisher and editor-in-chief. The Reading Room's goal is to feature work by both well-known and emerging writers. In 2005 <mask> became the first North American and second woman to receive the Premio Antonio de Sancha awarded annually by the Association of Madrid Editors to a person distinguished for upholding universal cultural and literary values. Previous recipients include Jack Lang, former French Minister of Culture; Julio María Sanguinetti Coirolo, past President of Uruguay; actress Nuria Espert; Federico Mayor Zaragoza, former director general of UNESCO; and the Prix Goncourt winner Amin Maalouf. In May 2007, <mask> received the United Nations/Women Together Award, which honors women who "share a dedication to stand out in their individual activities, a commitment to their work, and a devotion to making the world a better place. Their efforts have made them symbols, icons and examples to the women of this century, giving hope for the future and creating a legacy for the next generations."In addition to <mask>, the 2007 awardees included artist Louise Bourgeois, Spanish television journalist Rosa Maria Calaf, Iranian lawyer Shirin Ebadi, Spanish economist Isabel Estape, theatrical and television producer Francine LeFrak, Wangari Maathal, the first African woman to be awarded the Nobel Prize, and Vasundhara Raje, the first woman Chief Minister of the State of Rajasthan. Family life

<mask> was married to University of Southern California law professor Harold W<mask>, who died in 1967 at the age of 44. She also had two daughters, <mask> Magliocco and <mask>, and four grandchildren. She died at her Manhattan home on September 1, 2019, at the age of 90. References

1928 births
2019 deaths
Journalists from New York City
Writers from New York City
Order of Arts and Letters of Spain recipients
American women journalists
20th-century American journalists
Sarah Lawrence College faculty
20th-century American essayists
20th-century American novelists
20th-century American women writers
21st-century American journalists
21st-century American essayists
21st-century American women writers
American women essayists
American women novelists
American women academics

masks:
Barbara Probst Solomon
Solomon
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Barbara Mailer
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Solomon
Solomon
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Barbara Probs
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