title: Judah ha-Nasi

texts:
<mask> (, Yəhūḏā haNāsīʾ; Yehudah HaNasi or <mask> the Prince) or <mask> I, was a second-century rabbi (a tanna of the fifth generation) and chief redactor and editor of the Mishnah. He lived from approximately 135 to 217 CE. He was a key leader of the Jewish community during the Roman occupation of Judea. Name and titles
The title nasi was used for presidents of the Sanhedrin. He was the first nasi to have this title added permanently to his name; in traditional literature he is usually called "Rabbi Yehuda ha-Nasi." Often though (and always in the Mishnah), he is simply called "Rabbi" (), the master par excellence. He is occasionally called "Rabbenu" (= "our master").He is also called "Rabbenu HaQadosh" (, "our holy Master") due to his deep piety. Biography

Youth

<mask> the Prince was born in 135 CE to Simeon ben Gamliel II. According to the Talmud he was of the Davidic line. He is said to have been born on the same day that Rabbi Akiva died as a martyr. The Talmud suggests that this was a result of Divine Providence: God had granted the Jewish people another leader of great stature to succeed Rabbi Akiva. His place of birth is unknown. <mask> spent his youth in the city of Usha.His father presumably gave him the same education that he himself had received, including the Greek language. This knowledge of Greek enabled him to become the Jews' intermediary with the Roman authorities. He favoured Greek as the language of the country over Jewish Palestinian Aramaic. In <mask>'s house, only the Hebrew language was spoken, and the maids of the house became known for their use of obscure Hebrew terminology. <mask> devoted himself to the study of the oral and the written law. He studied under some of R' Akiva's most eminent students. As their student and through converse with other prominent men who gathered about his father, he laid a strong foundation of scholarship for his life's work: the editing of the Mishnah.His teachers
His teacher at Usha was R' <mask> bar Ilai, who was officially employed in the house of the patriarch as judge in religious and legal questions. In later years, <mask> described how in his childhood he read the Book of Esther at Usha in the presence of <mask>. <mask> felt especial reverence for R' Jose ben Halafta, the student of Akiva's who had the closest relations with Simon ben Gamaliel. When, in later years, <mask> raised objections to Jose's opinions, he would say: "We poor ones undertake to attack Jose, though our time compares with his as the profane with the holy!" <mask> hands down a halakhah by Jose in Menachot 14a. <mask> studied from R' Shimon bar Yochai in "Tekoa", a place some have identified with Meron. He also studied with Eleazar ben Shammua.<mask> did not study with Rabbi Meir, evidently in consequence of the conflicts which distanced Meir from the house of the patriarch. However, he considered himself lucky even to have seen Meir from behind. Another of Judah's teachers was Nathan the Babylonian, who also took a part in the conflict between Meir and the patriarch; <mask> confessed that once, in a fit of youthful ardour, he had failed to treat Nathan with due reverence. In both halakhic and aggadic tradition, <mask>'s opinion is often opposed to Nathan's. In the Jerusalemite tradition, <mask> Korshai (the halakhic specialist mentioned as assistant to Simon ben Gamaliel) is designated as Judah's real teacher. Jacob ben Hanina (possibly the R. Jacob whose patronymic is not given and in whose name <mask> quotes halakhic sentences) is also mentioned as one of Judah's teachers, and is said to have asked him to repeat halakhic sentences. <mask> was also taught by his father (Simon ben Gamaliel); when the two differed on a halakhic matter, the father was generally stricter.<mask> himself says: "My opinion seems to me more correct than that of my father"; and he then proceeds to give his reasons. Humility was a virtue ascribed to <mask>, and he admired it greatly in his father, who openly recognised Shimon bar Yochai's superiority, thus displaying the same modesty as the Bnei Bathyra when they gave way to Hillel, and as Jonathan when he voluntarily gave precedence to his friend David. Leadership
Nothing is known regarding the time when <mask> succeeded his father as leader of the Palestinian Jews. According to Rashi, <mask>'s father, Rabbi Simon ben Gamliel, had served as the nasi of the Sanhedrin in Usha, before it transferred to Shefar'am. According to a tradition, the country at the time of Simon ben Gamaliel's death not only was devastated by a plague of locusts, but suffered many other hardships. From Shefar'am, the Sanhedrin transferred to Beit Shearim, where the Sanhedrin was headed by Rabbi <mask>-Nasi. Here he officiated for a long time.Eventually, <mask> moved with the court from Beit Shearim to Sepphoris, where he spent at least 17 years of his life. He had chosen Sepphoris chiefly because of his ill-health, and being induced to go there because of the place's high altitude and pure air. However, <mask>'s memorial as a leader is principally associated with Bet She'arim: "To Bet She'arim must one go in order to obtain Rabbi's decision in legal matters." Among <mask>'s contemporaries in the early years of his activity were Eleazar ben Simeon, Ishmael ben Jose, Jose ben <mask>, and Simeon ben Eleazar. His better-known contemporaries and students include Simon b. Manasseh, Phinehas ben Jair, Eleazar ha-Kappar and his son Bar Kappara, Hiyya the Great, Shimon ben Halafta, and Levi ben Sisi. Among his students who taught as the first generation of Amoraim after his death are: Hanina bar Hama and Hoshaiah in Palestine, Rav and Samuel in Babylon. Only scattered records of Judah's official activity exist.These include: the ordination of his students; the recommendation of students for communal offices; orders relating to the announcement of the new moon; amelioration of the law relating to the Sabbatical year; and to decrees relating to tithes in the frontier districts of Palestine. The last-named he was obliged to defend against the opposition of the members of the patriarchal family. The ameliorations he intended for Tisha B'av were prevented by the college. Many religious and legal decisions are recorded as having been rendered by Judah together with his court, the college of scholars. According to the Talmud, Rabbi <mask> was very wealthy and greatly revered in Rome. He had a close friendship with "Antoninus", possibly the Emperor Antoninus Pius, though it is more likely his famous friendship was with either Emperor Marcus Aurelius Antoninus or Antoninus who is also called Caracalla and who would consult Judah on various worldly and spiritual matters. Jewish sources tell of various discussions between <mask> and Antoninus.These include the parable of the blind and the lame (illustrating the judgment of the body and the soul after death), and a discussion of the impulse to sin. The authority of Judah's office was enhanced by his wealth, which is referred to in various traditions. In Babylon, the hyperbolic statement was later made that even his stable-master was wealthier than King Shapur. His household was compared to that of the emperor. Simeon ben Menasya praised Judah by saying that he and his sons united in themselves beauty, power, wealth, wisdom, age, honour, and the blessings of children. During a famine, Judah opened his granaries and distributed corn among the needy. But he denied himself the pleasures procurable by wealth, saying: "Whoever chooses the delights of this world will be deprived of the delights of the next world; whoever renounces the former will receive the latter".Death
The year of Judah's death is deduced from the statement that his student Rav left Palestine for good not long before Judah's death, in year 530 of the Seleucid era (219 CE). He assumed the office of patriarch during the reign of Marcus Aurelius and Lucius Verus (c. 165). Hence <mask>, having been born about 135, became patriarch at the age of 30, and died at the age of about 85. The Talmud notes that Rabbi <mask> the Prince lived for at least 17 years in Sepphoris, and that he applied unto himself the biblical verse, "And Jacob lived in the land of Egypt seventeen years" (Genesis 47:28). According to a different calculation, he died on 15 Kislev, AM 3978 (around December 1, 217 CE), in Sepphoris, and his body was interred in the necropolis of Beit Shearim,  distant from Sepphoris, during whose funeral procession they made eighteen stops at different stations along the route to eulogise him. It is said that when <mask> died, no one had the heart to announce his demise to the anxious people of Sepphoris, until the clever Bar Ḳappara broke the news in a parable, saying: "The heavenly host and earth-born men held the tablets of the covenant; then the heavenly host was victorious and seized the tablets." Judah's eminence as a scholar, who gave to this period its distinctive impression, was characterised at an early date by the saying that since the time of Moses, the Torah and greatness (i.e.knowledge and rank) were united in no one to the same extent as in <mask> I. Two of Judah's sons assumed positions of authority after his death: Gamaliel succeeded him as nasi, while Shimon became hakham of his yeshiva. Talmudic narratives
Various stories are told about Judah, illustrating different aspects of his character. It is said that once he saw a calf being led to the slaughtering-block, which looked at him with tearful eyes, as if seeking protection. He said to it: "Go; for you were created for this purpose!" Due to this unkind attitude toward the suffering animal, he was punished with years of illness. Later, when his maid was about to kill some small animals which were in their house, he said to her: "Let them live, for it is written: '[God's] tender mercies are over

masks:
Judah ha Nasi
Judah
Judah
Judah
Judah
Judah
Judah
Judah
Judah
Judahai
Judah
Judah
Judah
Judah
Judah
Judah
Judah
Judah ben
Judah
Judah
Judah
Judah
Judah
Judah
Judah ha
Judah
Judah
Judah
Judah
Judah HaNasi
Judah
Judah
Judah
Judah
Judah


title: Judah ha-Nasi

type: original

texts:
 all his works'."After this demonstration of compassion, his illness ceased. <mask> also once said, "One who is ignorant of the Torah should not eat meat." The prayer he prescribed upon eating meat or eggs also indicates an appreciation of animal life: "Blessed be the Lord who has created many souls, in order to support by them the soul of every living being." <mask> was easily moved to tears. He exclaimed, sobbing, in reference to three different stories of martyrs whose deaths made them worthy of future life: "One man earns his world in an hour, while another requires many years". He began to weep when Elisha ben Abuyah's daughters, who were soliciting alms, reminded him of their father's learning. In a legend relating to his meeting with Pinchas ben Yair, he is described as tearfully admiring the pious Pinchas' unswerving steadfastness, protected by a higher power.He was frequently interrupted by tears when explaining Lamentations 2:2 and illustrating the passage by stories of the destruction of Jerusalem and of the Temple. While explaining certain passages of Scripture, he was reminded of divine judgment and of the uncertainty of acquittal, and began to cry. Hiyya found him weeping during his last illness because death was about to deprive him of the opportunity of studying the Torah and of fulfilling the commandments. Once, when at a meal his students expressed their preference for soft tongue, he made this an opportunity to say, "May your tongues be soft in your mutual intercourse" (i.e., "Speak gently without disputing"). Before he died, <mask> said: "I need my sons! ... Let the lamp continue to burn in its usual place; let the table be set in its usual place; let the bed be made in its usual place." His prayers
While teaching Torah, <mask> would often interrupt the lesson to recite the Shema Yisrael.He passed his hand over his eyes as he said it. When 70-year-old wine cured him of a protracted illness, he prayed: "Blessed be the Lord, who has given His world into the hands of guardians". He privately recited daily the following supplication on finishing the obligatory prayers: "May it be Thy will, my God and the God of my fathers, to protect me against the impudent and against impudence, from bad men and bad companions, from severe sentences and severe plaintiffs, whether a son of the covenant or not." Post-Talmudic narratives
<mask> ben Samuel of Regensburg relates that the spirit of Rebbi <mask> used to visit his home, wearing Shabbat clothes, every Friday evening at dusk. He would recite Kiddush, and others would thereby discharge their obligation to hear Kiddush. One Friday night there was a knock at the door. "Sorry," said the maid, "I can't let you in just now because Rabbeinu HaKadosh is in the middle of Kiddush."From then on Judah stopped coming, since he did not want his coming to become public knowledge. Teachings

Compilation of the Mishnah

According to Rabbinical Jewish tradition, God gave both the Written Law (the Torah) and the Oral Law to Moses on biblical Mount Sinai. The Oral Law is the oral tradition as relayed by God to Moses and from him, transmitted and taught to the sages (rabbinic leaders) of each subsequent generation. For centuries, the Torah appeared only as a written text transmitted in parallel with the oral tradition. Fearing that the oral traditions might be forgotten, <mask> undertook the mission of consolidating the various opinions into one body of law which became known as the Mishnah. This completed a project which had been mostly clarified and organised by his father and Nathan the Babylonian. The Mishnah consists of 63 tractates codifying Jewish law, which are the basis of the Talmud.According to Abraham ben David, the Mishnah was compiled by Rabbi <mask> the Prince in 3949 AM, or the year 500 of the Seleucid era, which corresponds to 189 CE. The Mishnah contains many of Judah's own sentences, which are introduced by the words, "Rabbi says." The Mishnah was <mask>'s work, although it includes a few sentences by his son and successor, Gamaliel III, perhaps written after <mask>'s death. Both the Talmuds assume as a matter of course that <mask> is the originator of the Mishnah—"our Mishnah," as it was called in Babylon—and the author of the explanations and discussions relating to its sentences. However, <mask> is more  correctly considered redactor of the Mishnah, rather than its author. The Mishnah is based on the systematic division of the halakhic material as formulated by Rabbi Akiva; <mask> following in his work the arrangement of the halakot as taught by Rabbi Meir (Akiva's foremost student). <mask>'s work in the Mishnah appears both in what he included and in what he rejected.The volume of tannaitic statements not included in the Mishnah (but recorded in the Tosefta and in the baraitot of both Talmuds) shows that Judah had no small task in selecting the material that he included in his work. Also, the formulating of halakic maxims on controverted points required both his unusual technical knowledge and his undisputed authority; and the fact that he did not invariably lay down the rule, but always admitted divergent opinions and traditions both of the pre-Hadrianic time and, more especially, of Akiva's eminent students, demonstrates his circumspection and his consciousness of the limits imposed upon his authority by tradition and by its recognised representatives. Halacha
Using the precedent of Rabbi Meir's reported actions, Judah ruled the Beit Shean region to be exempt from the requirements of tithing and shmita regarding produce grown there. He also did the same for the cities of Kefar Tzemach, Caesarea and Beit Gubrin. He forbade his students to study in the marketplace, basing his prohibition on his interpretation of Song of Songs 7:2, and censured one of his students who violated this restriction. Biblical interpretation

His exegesis includes many attempts to harmonise conflicting Biblical statements. Thus he harmonises the contradictions between Genesis 15:13 ("400 years") and 15:16 ("the fourth generation"); Exodus 20:16 and Deuteronomy 5:18; Numbers 9:23, 10:35 and ib., Deuteronomy 14:13 and Leviticus 11:14.The contradiction between Genesis 1:25 (which lists 3 categories of created beings) and 1:24 (which adds a fourth category, the "living souls") Judah explains by saying that this expression designates the demons, for whom God did not create bodies because the Sabbath had come. Noteworthy among the other numerous Scriptural interpretations which have been handed down in Judah's name are his clever etymological explanations, for example: Exodus 19:8-9; Leviticus 23:40; Numbers 15:38; II Samuel 17:27; Joel 1:17; Psalms 68:7. He interpreted the words "to do the evil" in II Samuel 12:9 to mean that David did not really sin with Bathsheba, but only intended to do so. Rav, Judah's student, ascribes this apology for King David to Judah's desire to justify his ancestor. A sentence praising King Hezekiah and an extenuating opinion of King Ahaz have also been handed down in Judah's name. Characteristic of Judah's appreciation of aggadah is his interpretation of the word "vayagged" (Exodus 19:9) to the effect that the words of Moses attracted the hearts of his hearers, like the aggadah does. Once when the audience was falling asleep in his lecture, he made a ludicrous statement in order to revive their interest, and then explained the statement to be accurate in a metaphorical sense.Judah was especially fond of the Book of Psalms. He paraphrased the psalmist's wish "Let the words of my mouth ... be acceptable in thy sight," thus: "May the Psalms have been composed for the coming generations; may they be written down for them; and may those that read them be rewarded like those that study halakhic sentences". He said that the Book of Job was important if only because it presented the sin and punishment of the generations of the Flood. He proves from Exodus 16:35 that there is no chronological order in the Torah. Referring to the prophetic books, he says: "All the Prophets begin with denunciations and end with comfortings". Even the genealogical portions of the Book of Chronicles must be interpreted. It appears that there was an aggadic collection containing Judah's answers to exegetical questions.Among these questions may have been the one which <mask>'s son Simeon addressed to him. Other quotes
 What is the right way for man to choose? That which is honorable in his own eyes (i.e. approved by his conscience), and, at the same time, honorable in the eyes of his fellow-men. Be as careful with a light mitzvah as a serious one, for you do not know the reward given for mitzvot. Calculate the loss of a mitzvah against its gain, and the gain of a sin against its loss. Look at three things and you will not come to sin: Know what is above you, an eye seeing and an ear listening, and all your deeds are written in a book.Look not at the jar, but upon what is inside; many a new jug is full of old wine; and many an old jug does not even contain new wine. Much have I learned from my teachers; more from my colleagues; but most from my students. Why is the story of the Nazirite juxtaposed to the story of the suspected adulteress? In order to tell you that anyone who sees a suspected adulteress in her corrupted state, he should put himself under a vow never again to drink wine. Let your secret be known only to yourself; and do not tell your neighbor anything which you perceive may not fitly be listened to. Great is work, for whoever does not work, people speak about him: From what does that man eat? From what does he drink?... Great is work, for whoever works, his hand is never missing a prutah. References

130s births
217 deaths
2nd-century rabbis
3rd-century rabbis
Burials in Israel
Founders of religions
Mishnah rabbis
Pirkei Avot

masks:
Judah
Judah
Judah
Judah
Rabbi Judah
Judah
Judah
Judah
Judah
Judah
Judah
Judah
Judah
Judah
Judah


title: James Livingston (American Revolution)

texts:
<mask> (March 27, 1747 – March 9, 1832), born in New York, was an American Patriot. <mask> was living in the Province of Quebec (as it was known following the French and Indian War) when the American Revolutionary War broke out. He was responsible for raising and leading the 1st Canadian Regiment of the Patriots' Continental Army during the invasion of Canada, and continued to serve in the war until 1781. He retired to Saratoga, New York, where he served as a state legislator and raised a family of five children. Early life
<mask> was born March 27, 1747, in Albany, New York, to Johanes "John<mask> (1709–1791) and Catherine Ten Broeck (1715–1801). His siblings included <mask> (1742–1820), <mask> (1744–1784), <mask> (1751–1823), <mask> (1753–1802), Catherine (née <mask>) Willard (1755–1827), and <mask> (1761–1839). His paternal grandfather was <mask> the Younger (1663–1725), a nephew of <mask> the Elder.His paternal grandmother, Margareta Schuyler (b. 1682), was the daughter of Pieter Schuyler (1657–1724), the first Mayor of Albany. They were all members of the prominent <mask> family. His maternal grandparents were Dirck Ten Broeck  (1686–1751) and Margarita Cuyler (1682–1783). His mother, the great-granddaughter of Dirck Wesselse Ten Broeck (1638–1717), was the sister of General Abraham Ten Broeck (1734–1810), who married Elizabeth Van Rensselaer, and Christina Ten Broeck (1718–1801), who married <mask> (1716–1778), and Sara Ten Broeck, who married Johannes Ten Eyck. Among his many cousins was Dirck Ten Broeck (1765–1832), the Speaker of the New York State Assembly from 1798 to 1800. By 1765, the family had moved to Montreal.American Revolutionary War

<mask> was living in Chambly, working as a grain merchant, when the invasion of Quebec began in September 1775. As early as August, he had been in contact with General Philip Schuyler, mostly through the efforts of John Brown, an American spy. On August 18, he sent a messenger to Schuyler at Fort Ticonderoga, presumably with information on British military readiness at Fort Chambly and Fort Saint-Jean;  however, this messenger destroyed the message, fearing he might be captured with it. General Richard Montgomery (who was married to one of <mask>'s relatives), who was in command of Ticonderoga at the time, sent John Brown back to Livingston. On the 28th, they sent word back to Montgomery with news that spurred him to begin the invasion: the British had almost completed ships capable of threatening the American naval superiority on Lake Champlain. Up to, and then also following, the arrival of the American forces at Île aux Noix in early September, <mask> was active in the Chambly area, raising local support for the Americans. On September 15, he reported to Schuyler that militia under his control had cut off Fort Chambly from communication with Montreal, and that Brown and Ethan Allen were raising additional troops and guarding the southern shore of the Saint Lawrence River.Forces under his command, numbering about 200, participated in the capture of Fort Chambly on October 18, along with militia under Brown's command. On November 20, Montgomery made him a colonel in the Continental Army, and gave him command of the 1st Canadian Regiment, consisting mainly of the troops he had recruited. This regiment then served at the battle of Quebec in December 1775, and the ensuing retreat. They later saw action in the Saratoga campaign, including the relief of the siege of Fort Stanwix in August 1777, both Battles of Saratoga, and the Battle of Rhode Island. <mask> was in command of Verplanck's Point on the Hudson River in September 1780, when he played a crucial role in the unmasking of Benedict Arnold's treachery. While on guard duty, his troops fired on the British sloop of war Vulture, forcing that vessel to retreat southwards. This ship had brought British Major John André to meet with General Arnold.After being driven off in his approach by water, he attempted to re-approach on land by portaging in civilian clothing. He was captured with incriminating papers in his possession. André was hanged as a spy, and Arnold, knowing that his plot had been discovered, managed to escape to the British lines. <mask> retired from the Continental Army on January 1, 1781. In recognition of his service, he was granted  of land near where Tyre, New York is today. In 1801, Congress awarded him another  of land near the modern location of Columbus, Ohio. Post-war
After the war, <mask> settled in Saratoga.From July 1, 1783 until June 30, 1788, he served in the New York State Assembly beginning with the 7th Legislature and continuing through the 8th, 9th, 10th, and finally, the 11th New York State Legislature as a Federalist. He served again from July 1, 1789 until June 30, 1791 during the 13th and 14th Legislatures. <mask> served as a member of the first Board of Regents of the University of New York from April 13, 1787 until his resignation in 1797. He was replaced by Abraham Van Vechten. Personal life
In 1772, <mask> had married Elizabeth Simpson (1750–1800), an immigrant from Cork, Ireland living in Montreal. Together, they had at least two sons and three daughters, including:

 <mask> (1773–1818), who married Peter Gerrit Smith (1768–1837), a business partner of John Jacob Astor. <mask> (1775–1851), who married Patty Martha Griffith
 Richard Montgomery <mask> (1787–1838), who was named after the general in his memory and who married <mask> (1792–1873).Edward Chinn <mask> (1783–1843), early settler of Columbus, Ohio, who married Martha Nelson (1785–1855)
 <mask> (1785–1871), who married Daniel Cady (1773–1859). Catharine Ten Broeck <mask> (1789–1874), who married Henry Brevoort Henry (1786–1818). <mask> died in Saratoga at age 85 in 1832. Descendants
He was the grandfather, through his eldest daughter Elizabeth, of famed abolitionist Gerrit Smith (1797–1874), who married Ann Carroll Fitzhugh. Smith was a candidate for President of the United States in 1848, 1856, and 1860. He was also the grandfather, through his daughter Margaret of:

 Tryphenia Cady (1804–1891), who married Edward Bayard (1806–1889), a Union College classmate of Eleazar and son of <mask>, a U.S. Senator.Eleazer <mask> (1806–1826), who died at age 20 just before his graduation from Union College. Harriet Elizabeth Cady (1810–1894), who married Daniel Cady Eaton (1804–1855), son of Amos Eaton and brother of General Amos Beebe Eaton, and her first cousin. Elizabeth Smith Cady (1815–1902), the prominent suffragist who married Henry Brewster Stanton, brother of Robert L. Stanton, in 1840. Margaret Chinn Cady (1817–1901), who married Duncan McMartin (1817–1894), son of Duncan McMartin Jr., a New York State Senator. Catherine Henry Cady (1820–1899), who married Samuel Wilkeson (1817–1889), son of Samuel Wilkeson, a Mayor of Buffalo. Footnotes

References

1747 births
1832 deaths
<mask>
<mask>
Continental Army officers from Canada
People of New York (state) in the American Revolution
People of pre-Confederation Canada

masks:
James Livingston
Livingston
James Livingston
" Livingston
Margerita Livingston
Dirck Livingston
Janet Livingston
Abraham Livingston
Livingston
Maria Livingston
Robert Livingston
Robert Livingston
Livingston
Philip Livingston
Livingston
Livingston
Livingston
Livingston
Livingston
Livingston
Livingston
Livingston
Elizabeth Livingston
James Livingston
Livingston
Sarah Livingston
Livingston
Margaret Livingston
Livingston
Livingston
James Bayard
Livingston Cady
James Livingston
James Livingston


title: Celia Johnson

texts:
Dame <mask>,  (18 December 1908 – 26 April 1982) was an English actress, whose career included stage, television and film known for her roles in the films In Which We Serve (1942), This Happy Breed (1944), Brief Encounter (1945) and The Captain's Paradise (1953). For Brief Encounter, she was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress. A six-time BAFTA Award nominee, she won the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role for The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie (1969). <mask> began her stage acting career in 1928, and subsequently achieved success in West End and Broadway productions. She continued performing in theatre for the rest of her life and much of her later work was in television, including winning the BAFTA TV Award for Best Actress for the BBC Play for Today, Mrs Palfrey at the Claremont (1973). She suffered a stroke and died soon after at the age of 73. Early life and education
Born in Richmond, Surrey, and nicknamed "Betty", <mask> was the second daughter of <mask> and Ethel (née Griffiths) <mask>.Her first public performance was in 1916, when she played a role in a charity performance of King Cophetua and the Beggar Maid to raise funds for returned First World War soldiers. She attended St Paul's Girls' School in London from 1919 until 1926, and played in the school's orchestra under Gustav Holst. She acted in school productions, but had no other acting experience, when she was accepted to study at Royal Academy of Dramatic Art in 1926, where she was in the same class as Margaretta Scott. She later spent a term in Paris, studying under Pierre Fresnay at the Comédie Française. She later recalled her choice of an acting career with the comment, "I thought I'd rather like it. It was the only thing I was good at. And I thought it might be rather wicked."Career
Her stage début, and first professional role, was as Sarah in George Bernard Shaw's Major Barbara at the Theatre Royal, Huddersfield in 1928. She went to London the following year to take the place of Angela Baddeley in the part of Currita in A Hundred Years Old, which was performed at the Lyric Theatre in Hammersmith. In 1930 <mask> played in Cynara with Sir Gerald Du Maurier and Dame Gladys Cooper. She made her first trip to the United States the following year to star as Ophelia in a New York City production of Hamlet. She returned to London, where she appeared in a number of minor productions, before establishing herself with a two-year run in The Wind and the Rain (1933–35). She married the journalist Peter Fleming in 1935, and in 1939 gave birth to their first child, a son. Her theatre career flourished with her portrayals of Elizabeth Bennet in Pride and Prejudice (1940) and the second Mrs. de Winter in Rebecca (1940); the production of the latter was halted when the theatre was destroyed by a Luftwaffe bomb in September 1940.During the Second World War, <mask> lived with her widowed sister and sister-in-law and helped care for their combined seven children. Unable to commit her time to the often lengthy run of a play, <mask> preferred the less time-consuming schedules of film and radio, that allowed her to devote time to her family, and her work for the Women's Auxiliary Police Corps. She appeared in In Which We Serve (1942) and This Happy Breed (1944), both directed by David Lean and written by Noël Coward. Lean and Coward sought <mask> for the next production, Brief Encounter (1945). She accepted the role with misgivings because of her family responsibilities, but was interested in the part, writing to her husband, "There is no getting away from the fact that it is a very good part and one which I should love to play. I have found myself already planning how I should play bits and how I should say lines..." A romantic drama about a conventional middle class housewife who falls in love with a married doctor she meets in the refreshment room at a railway station, the film was well-received, and is now regarded as a classic. <mask> was awarded the New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actress and was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress.After the war, <mask> concentrated on her family life, which included two daughters born in 1946 and 1947 and her occasional acting work was secondary for the following decade. In 1952, she opened The Grass is Greener. In 1957 she acted with Ralph Richardson in The Flowering Cherry. As a member of Laurence Olivier's National Theatre Company, <mask> appeared in the plays The Master Builder (1964) with Olivier and Hay Fever (1965), and later reprised her roles in the television productions. Awards
For her role in The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie (1969), she received the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role. She was created a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in 1958, "for services to the theatre", and was raised to Dame Commander (DBE) in 1981. Personal life
<mask> was married to Peter Fleming from 1935 until Fleming's death from a heart attack in 1971, while on a shooting expedition near Glencoe in Argyll, Scotland.Fleming was the brother of the James Bond creator Ian Fleming. They had three children:
Nicholas Peter Val Fleming (3 January 1939 – 9 May 1995), spent most of his life at the Fleming family home in Nettlebed, Oxfordshire, as a farmer. He was also a journalist, and the author of thriller novels published in the late 1960s and early 1970s, and a non-fiction historical work, August 1939. From his early twenties, he lived with his partner Christopher Balfour, a merchant banker. Kate Fleming (born 1946), now Kate Grimond, is married to John Grimond (son of politician Jo Grimond), former foreign editor of the news magazine The Economist, now writer-at-large for the publication; the couple have three children. Fleming is the author of <mask>: A Biography (1991). Lucy Fleming (born Eve Lucinda Fleming, 15 May 1947), is an actress.In the 1970s she starred as Jenny in the BBC's apocalyptic fiction series Survivors. She is married to the actor and writer Simon Williams. Since the late 1990s, the two sisters, Kate Grimond and Lucy Fleming, have co-owned the Ian Fleming estate. <mask> distanced herself from her acting career while her children were young, preferring to devote her attention to her family. She was described as a woman "always ready to laugh" and "maternal in a light-hearted way" and her daughter recalled that she was often torn between her desire to care for her family and her need to be involved in the "mechanics" of acting. In 1982, she was touring with Sir Ralph Richardson in Angela Huth's The Understanding and the play's West End run had been announced. On one of her days off, she was at her home in Nettlebed, Oxfordshire playing bridge with friends, when she collapsed from a stroke.She died a few hours later in her home. She left an estate worth £150,557. Legacy
On 18 December 2008, to mark the centenary of her birth, a blue plaque was unveiled at her childhood home in Richmond. Among the guests at the ceremony were her daughters, Lucy Fleming and Kate Grimond. In The Times, Grimond noted that the "tragedy of theatre" is that even the best performances fade from memory, and that her mother's current reputation rests almost entirely on her performance in Brief Encounter. Grimond noted that the advent of video allowed the film to be seen by a new audience, and that modern appraisals of the film had led to its being regarded as a classic. Filmography

References

Further reading
 Douglas-Home, William."<mask>, Dame <mask> (1908–1982)." Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. 2004. (accessed 4 January 2009). External links

 Stage performances in Theatre Archive University of Bristol

 <mask> bio

1908 births
1982 deaths
20th-century English actresses
Actresses awarded British damehoods
Actresses from London
Alumni of the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art
Best Actress BAFTA Award (television) winners
Best Supporting Actress BAFTA Award winners
Dames Commander of the Order of the British Empire
English film actresses
English stage actresses
Fleming family
People educated at St Paul's Girls' School
People from Richmond, London

masks:
Celia Elizabeth Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
John Robert Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Celia Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Celia Elizabeth
Celia Johnson


title: Damir Nikšić

texts:
<mask> (born 6 December 1970) is a Bosnian conceptual artist, standup comedian, blogger and politician. One of his best known art works is a seven-minute-long video entitled "If I wasn't muslim" (2005). Biography

General
He was born 6 December 1970 in Brezovo Polje, Brčko. He was a student at fine arts academies in Sarajevo, Milan and Bologna. In 2000 he graduated at Academy of Fine Arts Sarajevo, Painting department. He has lived in the USA 2000–2004; he has studied as a postgraduate at the University of Arizona (UA) until 2004. He magistered fine arts and art history in 2004 at UA; after that, he gave lectures at Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois.He was a member of Maxumim art group. He exhibited at Venice Film Festival in 2003 international selection. He works and lives in Sarajevo. Education
In 2000 he acquired a BFA degree from Academy of Fine Arts Sarajevo and moved as a graduate student to Indiana, Pennsylvania, USA. In 2001 he moved to Tucson, Arizona, where he graduated at the University of Arizona in May 2004. In 2004 he moved to Chicago, Illinois. Sing Sing
<mask> was a co-founder and member (vocal singer) of rhythm and blues band "Sing Sing".The band played four concerts in  Mladost. Maxumim
<mask> <mask> is also a co-founder of Maxumim art group, together with Anur Hadžiomerspahić, Anela Šabić, Ajna Zlatar, Eldina Begić, Dejan Vekić, Almir Kurt, Samir Plasto, Hamdija Pašić, Rachel Rossner, Nebojša Šerić, Suzana Cerić, Alma Fazlić, Zlatan Filipović. In 1997, the group has its first exhibition "Maxumim I," at Collegium Artisticum, Sarajevo, which would be followed up in 1998 with "Maxumim II," and in 1999/2000 with "Maxumim III," at Collegium Artisticum, Sarajevo; Pavarotti Music Center, Mostar; Bosnian Cultural Center, Tuzla; City Gallery, Zenica; City Gallery, Bihać. Other activities
In 2011, he protested regarding the closing of the Art Gallery of Bosnia and Herzegovina, setting up daily video updates. Work method – criticism

He mostly presents his art through YouTube and social networks, where he uploads short videos and comments of humorous character in which he seriously and symbolically refers to the reality of Bosnia and Herzegovina. He also commented on the attack on Serbian Prime Minister Aleksandar Vučić during his visit to the event marking the 20th anniversary of the Srebrenica crime, saying in his video Srebrni pir: Manipulacija razjedinjenih nacija ("Silver Feast: A Disunited Nations Manipulation") published on 13 July 2015 that "a corrida was made of Potočari"; this has received a notable media attention in his home and neighbouring countries. Political engagement
In mid-2016, he decided to run for mayor of the Sarajevo Center Municipality, as a "libertarian, individualist and anarchist."In an interview with the BiH portal Klix.ba, he said the following:

His goal, he said, was to make a more European city of Sarajevo and prevent the feudalisation of BiH, and that his office would always be covered by a camera whose footage would be broadcast online so that citizens could watch the "one municipality mayor's reality show" live. He did not win 2016 elections, but later became a member of the Sarajevo Canton Assembly (from 23 May 2018 until expulsion on 16 March 2019 he was a member of the BiH SDP party). He announced his candidacy for mayor of the same municipality in the forthcoming 2020 elections. Philosophy
<mask>'s political philosophy aims for others to understand that one is living in a crisis of civil society and thus the civil state, that is—ethnocracy is present instead of democracy. Instead of the idea of people and collectivism, he advocates individualism and the notion of citizens as individuals, calling the ideology he follows "liberal progressive individualist discourse" and "stratoseparatism." Most notable works
 If I wasn't muslim (2005)
 Krunisanje Kralja Tvrtka (2007)
 Totalitarni fatalizam (2015)

Songs
 "Ta to ti" (2012)
 "Gdje si" (2012)
 "Sjedio sam u kafani sam" (2013)
 "Na rubu plača" (2015)
 "Stranac u svome plemenu" (2016)
 "Još jedna revolucionarna" (2018)
 "Hastahana" [demo] (2020)

Selected/popular video clips

 "Bolje" je neprijatelj "dobrom"
 "Nebesko uređenje"
 "Socijalizam ne radi!" Antifašizam i ljevica danas
 Ave Beli
 Banalni nacionalizam i baklava-patriotizam
 Barice i tribalizam
 Big shit (short-comic serial)
 Binarni sistem i dnevna politika
 Brkota i prdoje – susret
 BTO (serial)
 Budimo parlamentarni
 Crvenbeg
 Da li je socijalizam valj'o
 Demokratija i kapitalizam
 Deponijalizam
 Diktatura partikularizma
 Diskrepancy
 Dogovor kuću gradi
 Duuug
 Eugovitz (serial; e.g.Populizam i mediji...)
 Fala (doktorant šoka)
 Federacija rada
 Filozofičar
 Formatiranje partija
 Freelancer revolution: prijedlozi, uslovi, zahtjevi
 Glasajte razumno
 Glumac
 Govorit’
 Gubitak interesa
 Hayd u park (serial for show; e.g. Ublehaš, Koga si pitao?...) Hodočašće
 Hranjive ideje
 Ideja ljevice bez ideja
 Incko
 Izborna k'o godina
 Jajce (serial)
 Javno izvinjenje
 Jugovina
 Knjiga
 Kolumbo
 Kontrakultura i nova ljevica
 Krimi-kultura
 Kult rada
 Kultura i desnica
 Liberterski postsocijalizam: Društvena revolucija
 Ljevica, rad i novac
 Mahalabuka
 Marica
 Masovna hipnoza
 Mučenje
 Nafta u BiH
 Nakro-demokratija (Eskobar)
 Narodnjaci
 Nema
 Nema posla
 Niđe na svijetu (NNS, pun for CNN; serial; e.g. Vrelo života, Prednja i zadnja fasada...)
 Nixico City (Destilacija)
 Norm YugDonald
 O gluposti, ludosti i bezobrazluku
 O mladima: šta rade i zašto odlaze
 Objašnjavanje objašnjenja
 Obrad
 Od utorka pravna država
 Opijum za narod
 Parapredizborna
 Pčelica Hajra
 Podsjetnik na gigadržavu
 Pohlepne plemenske poglavice
 Potrošači svih zemalja
 Predstavnik crnjaka
 Profiteri svih zemalja...
 Progresivizam
 Propast komunizma
 Prosjaci i psihologija
 Radnička prava, utopija i snovi
 Radno mjesto
 Religija je opijum narodnjaka
 Remont (serial; e.g. Demokrate i liberalna elita, Socijalizam ne radi!...) Sindikat samouposlenih i slobodan rad
 Sistemska mržnja u BiH
 Social-ecology (serial; e.g. Dan državnosti: od opšćine do republike – vertikala odozdo, Dođoše divlji i otjeraše pitome...)
 Socijalistički individualizam
 Sretan 8. marx
 Start: vjerski radikalizam
 Superstruktura
 Susret
 Svako ima nešto
 Šerovanje ludom radovanje
 ’Ta će on
 Tabor
 Tierra Amarilla
 Tranzicija
 Tri terora
 Trotalitarizam
 Turska i Evropa
 U ime zabava
 Ubleha
 Umij se
 Vara se
 Višegrad – Manjegrad, Andrićgrad – Kamengrad
 Vokabular naš svagdašnji
 Zaostavština (zaostale budućnosti)
 Žali bližnjeg svog – kao samoga sebe

References

External links

1970 births
Living people
Bosnia and Herzegovina artists
Bosnia and Herzegovina painters
Bosnia and Herzegovina musicians
Bosnia and Herzegovina politicians
Bosnia and Herzegovina comedians
Bosnia and Herzegovina stand-up comedians
Bosnia and Herzegovina bloggers
Bosnia and Herzegovina YouTubers
Male YouTubers
Bosnia and Herzegovina humorists
University of Arizona alumni
Bosniaks of Bosnia and Herzegovina

masks:
Damir Nikšić
Nikšić
Damir
Nikšić
Nikšić


title: Lance Bangs

texts:
<mask> (born September 8, 1972) is an American filmmaker and music video director. He has created videos for Sonic Youth, Nirvana, Neutral Milk Hotel, Green Day, Arcade Fire, The Shins, The Thermals, Belle & Sebastian, Menomena, Yeah Yeah Yeahs, R.E.M., Mike Watt, Death Cab for Cutie, The Black Keys, Kanye West, Odd Future, Pavement, and George Harrison. He directed the David Cross film Let America Laugh. <mask> has also been heavily involved in the filming and production of MTV's Jackass television series and its subsequent movies. Life and career
<mask> was born in Sacramento, California. He founded Flicker Film Festival, a series of Super8mm and 16mm film screenings, while in Athens, Georgia, in 1990 along with Michael Lachowski and Angie Grass. As a commercial director he has worked with United Parcel Service, Nike, Subway, Rock Band and Volvo for several campaigns, including the Titanium Lion-winning campaign for Volvo's "Life on Board Project" campaign from the 2005 Cannes Lions International Advertising Festival.He produced DVDs for the Directors Label Series, covering the work of Chris Cunningham, Michel Gondry, Spike Jonze, Mark Romanek, Stéphane Sednaoui, Jonathan Glazer and Anton Corbijn. He has also been involved with Spike Jonze on a number of occasions, recently being one of the cinematographers for Jackass: The Movie, Jackass Number Two and Jackass 3D. He also was a part of the Jackassworld.com: 24 Hour Takeover, filming behind the scenes material. In 2009, they were shortlisted for an Academy Award for "Tell Them Anything You Want: A Portrait of Maurice Sendak". He has aired an ongoing series of short (often music-related) documentaries on VBS.TV since 2007 in the form of his show "Bangs". He also hosts a show on Viceland called Flophouse. Bangs is married to Corin Tucker of Sleater-Kinney and together they have two children.He has performed musically as well, both with his wife and with Canadian indie rock group The Dudes. There were plans for a west coast summer 2009 tour, billed as <mask>s w/ The Dudes. Filmography

Music videos
"I Can't Stand It Anymore" by Five-Eight (1993)
"Tonight I'm Gonna Destroy This World" by Five-Eight (1993)
"Coupleskate" by Joe Christmas (1994)
"The Diamond Sea" by Sonic Youth (1995)
"Game of Pricks" by Guided By Voices (1995)
"That's When I Reach for My Revolver" by Moby (1996)
"Capital A" by Lois (1996)
"How the West Was Won and Where It Got Us" by R.E.M. (1996)
"New Test Leper" by R.E.M. (1996)
"Stay" by 60 ft. Dolls (1996)
"Busy Child" by Crystal Method (1997)
"Kid in Candy" by The Spinanes (1997)
"Dirty Dream Number Two" by Belle & Sebastian (1998)
"Praise You" by Fatboy Slim (1999) (Camera Operator)
"Spit on a Stranger" by Pavement (1999)
"Carrot Rope" by Pavement (1999)
"Major Leagues" by Pavement (1999)
"Major Leagues (Wrestling Version)" by Pavement (1999)
"Let It Snow" by Luscious Jackson (1999)
"Last Ride In" by Green Day (1999)
"The Wrong Girl" by Belle & Sebastian (2000)
"The Time of Your Life" by The Yo-Yos (2000)
"Hewlett's Daughter" by Grandaddy (2000)
"New Slang" by The Shins (2001)
"Know Your Onion!" (director) (2021)

FilmJesus of Suburbia (director) (1990)Hit the Ground (director) (1991)Lipstick Chunks: My Own Smeared Way (director) (1992)Parking Lots (director) (1994)Evil Queernieval Vs. Ga. Square Mall (director) (1994) Douglas A. MartinBeing John Malkovich (documentarian) (1999)Torrance Rises (director, director of photography) (1999)Run Ronnie Run (documentarian) (2001)Adaptation.

masks:
Lance Bangs
Bangs
Bangs
Lance Bang


title: Víctor Ibarbo

texts:
<mask> (; born 19 May 1990) is a Colombian footballer who plays as a winger or forward for Japanese side V-Varen Nagasaki. After starting his career at Atlético Nacional, he moved to Cagliari in 2011, where he made over 100 Serie A appearances. He also had unsuccessful loans at Roma, Watford, back at Atlético Nacional and Panathinaikos. A full international for Colombia since 2010, he was part of their teams that reached the quarter-finals at the 2014 FIFA World Cup and 2015 Copa América. He is also known in the EA Sports FIFA Franchise as one of the most used players in FIFA 14 and FIFA 15, and in the latter had a popular partnership with Seydou Doumbia, and Gervinho. Club career

Atlético Nacional
Born in Tumaco, Colombia, <mask> started his career at Club La Cantera before moving to Atlético Nacional, where he started his professional career and quickly promoted to the first team. <mask> made his Atlético Nacional debut, in a 1–0 loss against Envigado on 21 February 2008.Throughout the 2008 season, he quickly established himself in the starting eleven for the side, playing in the midfield position. This resulted in him making 16 appearances for the side later in the season. Ahead of the 2009 season, <mask> was linked with a move to Serie A side Udinese, which saw his teammate Juan Camilo Zúñiga moved a year before. Despite this, he continued to remain in the first team regular for the club. However, on 5 April 2009, <mask> was sent–off in the 59th minutes, just 13 minutes after coming on as a substitute at half–time, in a 2–0 loss against Once Caldas. After returning from suspension, he then scored his first goal for the club on 14 May 2009, in a 2–1 win over Independiente Medellín. During the summer transfer window, Udinese continued to be interested in signing <mask> and the deal was agreed.However, the move never materialised and stayed at the club to allow him to participate in the Categoría Primera A. In the Torneo Finalización semi-finals B, <mask> played a role, in a 2–1 win over Deportes Tolima when he set up two goals on 22 November 2009. But the club finished second place in the Torneo Finalización semi-finals B Group Stage and didn't reach the final. Despite suffering from injuries and suspension later in the season, <mask> finished the 2009 season, making 30 appearances and scoring once in all competitions. In the 2010 season, <mask> started out the season, appearing in number of matches in the substitute bench. By April, <mask> soon quickly regained his place in the starting lineup in the first team. He then played a role when he made six assists in three matches against Cortuluá (twice), Independiente Medellín, and Real Cartagena.It wasn't until on 2 May 2010 when he scored his first goal of the season, in a 3–2 win over Deportivo Pereira. <mask> scored two more goals later in the season. Despite missing out two matches in the 2010 season, <mask> went on to make 40 appearances and scoring 3 times in all competitions. Ahead of the 2011 season, <mask> switched number shirt to 8. At the start of the season, however, <mask> missed the first two matches, due to an injury. It wasn't until on 20 February 2011 when he returned to the first team from injury, in a 3–1 win over América de Cali. <mask> quickly regained his first team place for the side since recovering.After receiving criticism for his performance in recent matches, he was able to redeem it when he scored his first goal of the season, in a 2–1 loss against Boyacá Chicó. A month later, on 11 May 2011, <mask> scored his second goal of the season, in a 2–2 draw against Deportes Quindío. In a match against La Equidad for the 2011 Liga Postobón Apertura, <mask> played in both legs, as the results were 3–3 all on aggregate and Atlético Nacional ended up winning its 11th National title after beating in the penalty shootout. By the time of his departure, <mask> went on to make 22 appearances and scoring 2 times in all competitions this season. Cagliari

On 4 July 2011, <mask> transferred from Atlético Nacional to Cagliari, having previously been close to a move to Udinese two years prior. <mask> made his Cagliari debut, where he came on as a substitute for Thiago Ribeiro in the 51st minutes, in a 2–1 win over Roma in the opening game of the season. Since joining the club, he appeared on the substitute bench in number of matches.By mid–November, he began to make his way to the starting eleven. It wasn't until on 4 December 2011 when he scored his first goal for the club, in a 1–0 win over Catania. <mask> later scored two more goals later in the season. He provided a double assist for the club's third goal in a game, in a 6–3 loss against Napoli on 9 March 2012. <mask> played in every Cagliari's matches in his first season, as he went on to make 39 appearances and scoring 3 times in all competitions. At the end of the 2011–12 season, <mask> was praised by the club's then owner Massimo Cellino. In the 2012–13 season, <mask> continued to remain in the first team for the side, though he found himself behind a pecking order in the midfield position and was placed on the substitute bench as a result.Despite this, <mask> played a role in the fourth round of Coppa Italia against Pescara on 5 December 2012 when he set up twice for Thiago Ribeiro, who scored a hat–trick, in a 4–2 win to progress to the quarter–final. By January, he later regained his first team place and started in number of matches. It wasn't until on 10 February 2013 when <mask> scored his first goal of the season, in a 1–1 draw against AC Milan. A month later, on 10 March 2013, he scored a hat-trick in a 3–1 win over Sampdoria, having only scored once in 23 previous games that season. <mask> later scored two more goals in the season, in a 1–1 draw against regaining league champion, Juventus on 11 May 2013. Despite missing out three matches during the season, <mask> went to make 34 appearances and scoring 6 times in all competitions. Ahead of the 2013–14 season, <mask> was linked with a move away from Cagliari, as top clubs around Europe became interested in signing him.However, <mask>, himself, said he wanted to stay at the club, while Cellino placed a price tag on him for about 15 million. Despite this, he continued to remain in the first team at the start of the season. It wasn't until on 25 September 2013 when <mask> scored his first goal of the season, in a 1–1 draw against Livorno. He then scored again on 19 October 2013, in a 2–1 win over Catania. As a result, his performances led to starting a contract negotiations. However, in a 2–2 draw against Sassuolo on 1 December 2013, <mask> suffered an injury in early of the game. As a result, he was sidelined for a month.After returning to the first team from injury in early–January, his return was soon short–lived when he was sent–off at a last minutes, in a 1–0 loss against Atalanta on 19 January 2014. Shortly after, <mask> suffered an injury once again in early–February. After returning from injury, <mask> scored his third goal of the season, in a 3–0 win over Udinese on 2 March 2014. He scored his fourth goal of the season on 19 April 2017, in a 2–1 win over Genoa. At the end of the season, <mask> went on to make 31 appearances and scoring 4 times in all competitions. Following his World Cup performance with Colombia, <mask> continued to be linked a move away from the club. As a result, the club began negotiation with <mask> over a new contract.Eventually, on 26 August 2014, <mask> ended the transfer speculation when he signed a three–year contract, keeping him until 2017. After missing the opening game of the season on 14 September 2014, due to an injury, <mask> returned to the follow–up match against Atalanta, where he assisted the club's only goal in the game, in a 2–1 loss. Since his return, <mask> quickly regained his place in the first team. It wasn't until on 29 October 2014 when he scored his first goal of the season, in a 1–1 draw against AC Milan. On 3 November 2014, he was given a straight red card in the 72nd minute of a 4–2 defeat at Lazio. After serving a one match ban, <mask> scored and set up one of the goals, on his return, in a 3–3 draw against Napoli on 23 November 2014. However, by the end of the year, he later faced suspension for one match after picking up five yellow cards, as well as, injuries.Throughout January, <mask> continued to be linked a move away from the club. Loan spell at A.S. Roma
On 1 February 2015, he joined fellow Serie A club A.S. Roma on loan until the end of the 2015–16 season. The club paid €2.5 million, with the option to purchase him for €12.5 million. Shortly after the move, it was announced that <mask> would be out for another six weeks with another injury. He made his debut two days later, replacing Francesco Totti for the last 17 minutes of a 0–2 home defeat against Fiorentina in the quarter-finals of the Coppa Italia. A month later, on 22 March 2015, he made his Roma league debut, coming on as a late substitute for the last 3 minutes of a 1–0 win against Cesena. Following his return from injury, <mask>

masks:
Segundo Víctor Ibarbo Guerrero
Ibarbo
Ibarbo
Ibarbo
Ibarbo
Ibarbo
Ibarbo
Ibarbo
Ibarbo
Ibarbo
Ibarbo
Ibarbo
Ibarbo
Ibarbo
Ibarbo
Ibarbo
Ibarbo
Ibarbo
Ibarbo
Ibarbo
Ibarbo
Ibarbo
Ibarbo
Ibarbo
Ibarbo
Ibarbo
Ibarbo
Ibarbo
Ibarbo
Ibarbo
Ibarbo
Ibarbo
Ibarbo
Ibarbo
Ibarbo
Ibarbo
Ibarbo
Ibarbo
Ibarbo
Ibarbo
Ibarbo
Ibarbo
Ibarbo
Ibarbo


title: Víctor Ibarbo

texts:
 quickly became involved in the first team in number of games towards the end of the season.<mask> then played a role against rivals’Lazio on 25 May 2015 when he set up a goal for Juan Iturbe, in a 2–1 win to help Roma stay in second position and gave them a direct start in the Champions League in the next year. On 3 July 2015, <mask>'s time at Roma was extended further when he signed on loan for another season. <mask> appeared the first two matches of the 2015–16 season, both of the matches were late substitute. Loan spell at Watford
On transfer deadline day on 1 September 2015, <mask> joined Premier League side Watford on a season-long loan from Cagliari. However, his move to Watford initially suffered a setback over a visa issue to allow him to play in England; eventually, it was resolved in the end. <mask> made his Watford debut, where he came on as a substitute in the 82nd minutes for Ben Watson, in a 1–0 loss against Crystal Palace on 27 September 2015. However, his first team opportunities with the club become more limited and was demoted to playing for the reserve side.Not a player who satisfied coach Quique Sánchez Flores, he made only four appearances for the Hornets, totalling just 64 minutes, and left in January 2016. Loan spell at Atlético Nacional
After a disappointing loan spell at Watford, <mask> returned to Colombia for the first time in almost five years, rejoining Atlético Nacional until the end of the season. <mask> became eligible to play for the club after he cannot play three different teams in a single season, under the European regulations. It wasn't until on 7 February 2016 when <mask> made his Atlético Nacional debut, where he started and played for 70 minutes before being substituted, and set up one of the goals, in a 3–0 win over Jaguares de Córdoba. On 31 March, he was sent off in a 2–1 loss at Millonarios; website Fútbol Red summarised that "The Verdolaga attacker did not inspire danger in Millonarios' fullbacks; instead his attitude was one of wanting to confront his opponents with malice and forefought". He scored his first goal of the spell on 4 June, equalising at home to Rionegro Águilas in the quarter-final second leg and then converting in the penalty shootout victory. However, <mask> was sidelined from playing in the league and instead played in the Copa Libertadores, as he went on to make 11 appearances and scoring 3 times in all competitions.During the tournament, he scored two for the side. During the spell, <mask> helped the side win the Superliga Colombiana and Copa Libertadores. Two years after leaving Cagliari and spending three clubs whilst on loan, <mask> returned to the squad in February 2017. However, his return was met with mixed reception from the club's supporters, who branded him a traitor. <mask>, himself, acknowledged that he was wrong to leave Cagliari for Roma. <mask>'s first game after rejoining the club came on 12 February 2017, where he came on as a late substitute, in a 2–0 loss against Juventus. By the time of his departure, <mask> made two more appearances upon returning to Cagliari.Loan spell at Panathinaikos
On 30 June 2016, he joined Greece's Panathinaikos on loan. As a result, his loan spell at Atlético Nacional ended to allow him to join Panathinaikos. On 4 August 2016, <mask> opened the scoring in a 2-0 away win against AIK for the second leg of the third qualifying round of UEFA Europa League. On 20 October 2016,  he scored twice at Standard Liège in a 2–2 draw in the same competition. After a string of poor performances and a league goal drought, during the managerial reins of both Andrea Stramaccioni and Marinos Ouzounidis, the latter no longer featured <mask> in his first-team plans. In conjunction with <mask>'s prolonged and unjustified absence from training after the 2016 Christmas break, Panathinaikos decided to initiate the necessary procedures for the termination of his loan spell from Cagliari. The player's loan spell at Panathinaikos was officially terminated on 31 January 2017.Before he left Panathinaikos, <mask> went on to make 19 appearances and scoring 3 times in all competitions. Sagan Tosu
On 14 March 2017, Cagliari reached an agreement with Japanese club Sagan Tosu to loan the player out until the end of the season, with a mandatory purchase option effective from the start of the 2017–18 campaign. By the time he joined Sagan Tosu, local newspaper El Mundo described him as "more a tourist than a footballer". <mask> made his Sagan Tosu debut, where he started the match before coming off in the 56th minutes, in a 1–0 loss against Cerezo Osaka in the opening game of the season. It wasn't until on 31 May 2017 when he scored his first goal for the club, in a 3–2 win over Ventforet Kofu. By the time he was deregistered from the team in late–June, he made 14 appearances and scoring once so far whilst on loan at Sagan Tosu. <mask>'s permanent transfer to the J-League club was confirmed officially by Cagliari and Sagan Tosu in July 2017.A month later, on 19 August 2017, <mask> scored his first brace of his Sagan Tosu career, in a 3–0 win over Omiya Ardija. <mask> later scored three more goals later in the season. Despite suffering an injury during the 2017 season, <mask> went on to make 29 appearances and scoring 6 times in all competitions. Despite this, <mask> was one of the key players in the league. Ahead of the 2018 season, <mask> Bellmare in the J. League Cup.<mask> then scored his first league appearance of the season, in a 2–1 win over Yokohama F. Marinos on 10 March 2018. Following the match, <mask> say he dedicated his goal to his former teammate, Davide Astori, who died 6 days earlier. He then scored his second goal of the season to make a comeback, in a 3–2 win over Nagoya Grampus on 31 March 2018. For his performance throughout the month, <mask> was awarded March's MVP. After being sidelined for a month, he returned from injury, coming on as a substitute in 15 minutes from the game, in a 3–1 win over Shimizu S-Pulse on 6 May 2018. However, he was injured again on 29 June, He was deregistered on 23 July. International career

Colombia U20
Ibarbo was first called up by Colombia U20 in 2007.He was then called up to the squad for the South American U-20 Championship. He went on to make six appearances during the tournament. Senior career
On 20 May 2010, <mask> was called up to the senior team for the first time, alongside teammate Giovanni Moreno. He made his international debut on 27 May 2010 in a 2–1 defeat to World Cup hosts South Africa in Johannesburg. He gained four more caps in friendlies that year. On 14 November 2013, three days shy of three years since his last call-up, he scored his first international goal in a 2–0 friendly win over Belgium, after replacing Luis Muriel. <mask> was a member of the Colombia squad which reached the quarter-finals of the 2014 FIFA World Cup.He started their first match in Group C, a 3–0 win over Greece. In the second match, a 2–1 win against the Ivory Coast, <mask> was substituted after 53 minutes for Juan Quintero due to injury. Quintero remained in the left-wing position until <mask> recovered for the quarter-final defeat to Brazil, in which he was replaced at half time by Adrián Ramos. The following year, <mask> made two substitute appearances in Group C at the 2015 Copa América in Chile, in which Colombia again reached the last eight. Since then, <mask> hasn't been called up by the national team. Career statistics

Club

Personal life
Although born in Tumaco, Colombia, Ibarbo came from Cali. Born to a father, who's an electrician, Ibarbo grew up with seven brothers.<mask> is married to his wife, Sirley and has a son, Martin. Shortly after returning to Atlético Nacional in 2016, <mask> was a victim of robbery after his jewelry, which is worth 70 million peso, was taken from him in Medellín. <mask> is currently represented by his agent, Riccardo Calleri. <mask> later considered Zdeněk Zeman as a father to him during his time at Cagliari. In addition to speaking Spanish, <mask> also speaks English and Italian. Honours
Atlético Nacional
 Torneo Apertura (1): 2011
 Superliga Colombiana (1): 2016
 Copa Libertadores (1): 2016

References

External links

Profile at Sagan Tosu

1990 births
Living people
Association football forwards
Colombian footballers
Colombia international footballers
Colombia under-20 international footballers
Atlético Nacional footballers
Cagliari Calcio players
A.S. Roma players
Watford F.C. players
Panathinaikos F.C.players
Sagan Tosu players
V-Varen Nagasaki players
Categoría Primera A players
Serie A players
Premier League players
Super League Greece players
J1 League players
J2 League players
Colombian expatriate footballers
2014 FIFA World Cup players
2015 Copa América players
Expatriate footballers in Italy
Expatriate footballers in England
Expatriate footballers in Greece
Expatriate footballers in Japan
Colombian expatriate sportspeople in Italy
Colombian expatriate sportspeople in England
Colombian expatriate sportspeople in Japan
People from Tumaco
Colombian people of African

masks: Ibarbo Ibarbo Ibarbo Ibarbo Ibarbo Ibarbo Ibarbo Ibarbo Ibarbo Ibarbo Ibarbo Ibarbo Ibarbo Ibarbo Ibarbo Ibarbo Ibarbo Ibarbo Ibarbo Ibarbo Ibarbo Ibarbo Ibarbo Ibarbo Ibarboan Ibarbo Ibarbo Ibarbo Ibarbo Ibarbo Ibarbo Ibarbo Ibarbo Ibarbo Ibarbo Ibarbo Ibarbo Ibarbo Ibarbo


title: John Laurance

texts:
<mask> (sometimes spelled "Lawrence" or "Laurence") (1750 – November 11, 1810) was a delegate to the 6th, 7th and 8th Congresses of the Confederation, a United States Representative and United States Senator from New York and a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of New York. Laurance briefly served as President pro tempore of the United States Senate in December 1798. Education and career
Born in 1750, near Falmouth, Cornwall, England, <mask> immigrated to the Province of New York, British America in 1767 and settled in New York City. He pursued academic studies, then read law in 1772, with Cadwallader Colden, the Lieutenant Governor of New York. He was admitted to the bar and entered private practice in New York City, Province of New York (State of New York, United States from July 4, 1776) from 1772 to 1776. In 1775, <mask> married Elizabeth McDougall, the daughter of General Alexander McDougall. Military service
Laurance served in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War as a commissioned officer from 1775 to 1782.At the outbreak of war in 1775, he was appointed a second lieutenant in the 4th New York Regiment, and took part in the 1775 Invasion of Quebec. In 1776, he received a commission as captain and paymaster of the Continental Army's 1st New York Regiment, serving under his father-in-law Alexander McDougall (sometimes spelled MacDougall). He was Judge Advocate General from 1777 to 1782. Among the cases he handled were prosecuting at the court-martial of Charles Lee for insubordination in 1778, and the 1779 court-martial of Benedict Arnold for corruption. He also presided at the trial of Major <mask>, serving on the 1780 board that convicted the major of spying and sentenced him to death by hanging, and was the board's recorder. <mask> attained the rank of colonel and resigned his commission in 1782. He was a charter member of the Society of the Cincinnati.Post-war career
He resumed private practice in New York City from 1782 to 1785. Among <mask>'s legal apprentices was Charles Adams, son of President <mask>. He was also active in land speculation and other business ventures with Alexander Hamilton. He was a member of the New York State Assembly, serving from 1782 to 1783 from Westchester County, and from New York County from 1784 to 1785. He was a regent of the University of the State of New York in 1784. He was a trustee of Columbia College (now Columbia University) from 1784 to 1810. He was a delegate to the 6th, 7th and 8th Congresses of the Confederation (Continental Congresses) from 1785 to 1787.He was a member of the New York State Senate from 1788 to 1790. While serving in the State Senate, <mask> was also a member of New York City's Board of Aldermen. He was an ardent supporter of adopting the United States Constitution. United States Representative
<mask> was elected as a Federalist from New York's 2nd congressional district to the United States House of Representatives of the 1st and 2nd United States Congresses, serving from March 4, 1789, to March 3, 1793. During this time, in 1790, his first wife Elizabeth (McDougall) <mask> died, and in 1791 he married Elizabeth Lawrence Allen (d. 1800), the widow of attorney James Allen, and mother of four children. Federal judicial service
<mask> was nominated by President George Washington on May 5, 1794, to a seat on the United States District Court for the District of New York vacated by Judge James Duane. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on May 6, 1794, and received his commission the same day.His service terminated on November 8, 1796, due to his resignation, after his election as United States Senator from New York. United States Senator
<mask> was elected as a Federalist to the United States Senate from New York to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of United States Senator Rufus King and served from November 9, 1796, until August 1800, when he resigned. He served as President pro tempore of the United States Senate during the 5th United States Congress. Later career and death
Following his departure from Congress, <mask> resumed private practice in New York City from 1800 to 1810, also residing there until his death. He died on November 11, 1810, in New York City. He was interred at the First Presbyterian Church in Manhattan. Legacy
After more than two centuries of neglect by historians, the first book-length study of <mask> was published by the American Philosophical Society in 2019.

masks:
John Laurance
Laurance
Laurance
John André
Laurance
Laurance
John Adams
Laurance
Laurance
Laurance
Laurance
Laurance
Laurance
John Laurance


title: Leif G. W. Persson

texts:
<mask> (born 12 March 1945) is a Swedish criminologist and novelist. <mask> has four children, one of whom, <mask>, is also a crime writer. Early life
<mask> was born on 12 March 1945 in Stockholm, Sweden to <mask> and <mask>. He attended the High School Norra Real. Career
In 1977, while working at the Swedish National Police Board, <mask> was the whistleblower who worked with journalist Peter Bratt in the so-called Geijer Scandal when he confirmed a classified memo sent by then National Police Commissioner <mask> to Prime Minister Olof Palme about the alleged ties of the Minister of Justice, <mask>, to a prostitution ring in Stockholm. Following this affair he was fired from the National Police Board. The string of events almost drove <mask> to suicide, but he soon returned as lecturer at Stockholm University.The prostitution ring affair inspired him to write his first novel, Grisfesten. He returned to the National Police Board as a professor in 1992. <mask> was a professor in criminology at the Swedish National Police Board from 1992 to 2012. He is well known in Sweden for his crime fiction novels and for his regular appearances as an expert commentator on notable crime cases on television and in newspapers. Between 1999 and 2009, he participated as an expert commentator on the TV3 television show Efterlyst, which is primarily about wanted Swedish criminals. Between 2010 and 2018, he participated in the SVT television show Veckans Brott with Camilla Kvartoft, which is primarily about unsolved Swedish criminal cases both recent and cold. Media stardom and personality

By the 1990s, <mask> <mask> <mask> had emerged as one of Sweden's most acclaimed media personalities, and his popularity continued to grow through the 2000s.Often referred to simply as "GW", he frequently appears on television, radio, and in other media as a commentator on crime and criminology. Among other things, he is a noted expert on the unsolved 1986 assassination of Swedish prime minister Olof Palme, and has been harshly critical of police and prosecutors. He also holds forth on other issues, including politics, literature, and wine, etc, and is well known for his great interest in hunting. He takes an irreverent attitude to authorities, regularly dismissing officials as incompetent or lazy. <mask>'s disheveled appearance, biting wit, and characteristic manner of speech, replete with mumbling and grunting, has made him a cult figure often lovingly parodied in the media. His extraordinary media stardom has in recent years been the theme of several journalistic investigations; at one point, Swedish public radio asked "How much <mask> <mask> <mask> can Sweden handle?". A self-described bacchanalian and an alcoholic, <mask> has famously coped with his addiction by practicing a strict half-year regime since the late 1980s: denying himself alcohol (and other drugs) for six months, and then drinking heavily during the rest of the year.In 2018, at age 73, he announced that his failing health would prevent him from fully resuming alcohol use, lamenting that he would henceforth be "unrecognizable" for an entire year instead of the usual six sober months. <mask>, who is overweight and has at times been very obese, has also struggled with his food intake. In the early 2000s, he was forced to abandon a habit of "food orgies" – regular bouts of extremely lavish, high-end gourmet dining and drinking – with his friend, the media mogul Jan Stenbeck, after his physician warned that his heart could not take another year of it. According to <mask>, it was Stenbeck's refusal to cut back on the gourmandizing that led to his death in 2002. Bibliography
 <mask>en (1978; The Pig Party)
 Profitörerna (1979; The Profiteers)
 Hidden criminality : theoretical and methodological problems, empirical results (1980)
 Min kompetens (1981; My Competence)
 Samhällsbärarna (1982; The Pillars of Society)
 Mellan sommarens längtan och vinterns köld (2002 - first volume in a trilogy which deals with Sweden in the cold war era, which has as a common element, events related to the yet unsolved 1986 murder of Swedish Prime Minister Olof Palme; Between Summer's Longing and Winter's End, UK 2010, trans. Paul Norlen). En annan tid, ett annat liv (2003 - second volume in the trilogy; Another Time, Another Life, UK 2012, trans.Paul Norlen)
 Linda - som i Lindamordet (2005 - Evert Bäckström book 1; Linda - as in the Linda Murder, UK 2013, trans. Neil Smith)
 Faller fritt som i en dröm (2007 - third volume in a trilogy; Falling Freely, as if in a Dream, UK 2014, trans. Paul Norlen)
 Den som dödar draken (2008 - Evert Bäckström book 2; He Who Kills the Dragon, UK 2013, trans. Neil Smith)
 Den döende detektiven (2010; The Dying Detective)
 Gustavs Grabb' (2011 - autobiography)
 Den sanna historien om Pinocchios näsa (2013 - Evert Bäckström book 3; The Sword of Justice) Bombmakaren och hans kvinna (2015)

Evert Bäckström novels
So far, three of <mask>'s novels feature homicide detective Evert Bäckström. Bäckström is one of the most successful investigators within the police force; he displays excellent deductive skills. Bäckström appeared as a supporting character in the TV mini-series En pilgrims död and Den fjärde mannen. (The main characters in these series were Jarnebring and Johansson.)In both of these series, Bäckström was played by Claes Malmberg. An American TV Series was made in 2015 entitled Backstrom. The show takes place in Portland, Oregon, USA instead of Sweden, and the character's first name is changed to Everett. However the character's actual personality remains more or less unchanged. Backstrom was played by Rainn <mask>. The show was cancelled after one season. A Swedish TV series of six episodes aired in 2020, with Kjell Bergqvist as Bäckström.Jarnebring and Johansson
Several of <mask>'s novels feature police officers Bo Jarnebring and Lars Martin Johansson, partners and best friends. In the film Mannen från Mallorca (adapted from the novel Grisfesten) Jarnebring is played by <mask>, and Johansson by Tomas von Brömssen. Two TV mini-series featuring the characters were produced starring Rolf Lassgård as Johansson and Per Svensson as Jarnebring: En pilgrims död (2013) and Den fjärde mannen (2014-15). (These two series also featured <mask>'s other character Evert Bäckström.) Anna Holt
Created by <mask>, police detective Anna Holt has appeared in both <mask>'s novels, and in novels by fellow author <mask>. Holt has also appeared in several television adaptations starring Petra Nielsen. Notable adaptations
 Profitörerna (TV series, 1983)
 Mannen från Mallorca (The Man from Majorca, film, 1984)
 I lagens namn (In the Name of the Law, film, 1986)
 En pilgrims död (Death of a Pilgrim, TV mini-series, 2013)
 Den fjärde mannen (The Fourth Man, TV mini-series, 2014–15)
 Backstrom, (US TV series, 2015)

Awards
<mask> won the Best Swedish Crime Novel Award (Bästa svenska kriminalroman), for three of his novels: Samhällsbärarna in 1982, En annan tid, ett annat liv in 2003, and Den döende detektiven in 2010.This award is a literary prize awarded annually by the Swedish Crime Writers' Academy. He also received the 2011 Glass Key award for Den döende detektiven (The Dying Detective); this award is a given annually to a crime novel by an author from the Nordic countries and the 2011 Palle Rosenkrantz Prize, which is awarded by the Det danske Kriminalakademi'' for the best criminal literature translated into Danish. References

External links

<mask> G. W<mask>'s blog
The Salomonsson Agency

1945 births
Living people
Writers from Stockholm
Swedish criminologists
Swedish crime fiction writers
Swedish whistleblowers
Swedish social democrats

masks:
Leif Gustav Willy Persson
Persson
Malin Persson Giolito
Leif Gustav Willy Persson
Gustav
Margit Persson
Persson
Carl Persson
Lennart Geijer
Persson
Persson
Leif
GW
Persson
Persson
Leif
GW
Persson
Persson
Persson
Persson
Gfest
Persson
Wilson
Persson
Sven Wollter
Persson
Persson
Persson
Jan Guillou
Persson
Leif
. Persson


title: Gatianus of Tours

texts:
Gatianus (Catianus, Gatianus, Gratianus; ) in the third century AD was the founding bishop of the see of Tours. He was one of the "seven apostles of Gaul" commissioned by Pope Fabian to evangelize in the region. Life
According to Christian historians, during the consulship of the Emperor Decius and Vettius Gratus (250 AD), Pope Fabian sent out seven bishops from Rome to Gaul to preach the Gospel: <mask> to Tours, Trophimus to Arles, Paul to Narbonne, Saturnin to Toulouse, Denis to Paris, Austromoine to Clermont, and Martial to Limoges. A community of Christians had already existed for many years in Lyon, where Irenaeus had been bishop. As with other founders of the seven Catholic churches of Gaul, especially Martial, Gatianus became confounded in later Christian mythology with the "seventy-two disciples of Christ", alleged to have been sent into Gaul during the first century, by Saint Peter himself. Other details of his biography, while not as easily disprovable, are also largely legendary. Gregory of Tours, writing in the 6th century, is a more dependable source for the few biographical details concerning his predecessor.According to the Catholic historian Mons. Louis Duchesne (Christian Worship: Its Origin and Evolution), the traditions preserved at Tours furnished Gregory with only the name of <mask> and perhaps the 50-year extent of his episcopacy; it was by comparison with a brief early biography of Saturninus of Toulouse (Passio S. Saturnini) that Gregory arrived at the date 250 for the beginning of Gatianus' ministry at Tours (History of the Franks, 1.30). There were few Christians in Tours at that time, and in one of the troubled years of his Episcopate he is said for a time to have lain concealed in a cave on the banks of the Loire, at a spot where later rose the great Abbey of Marmoutier, and Gregory states that Gratianus would go into the city only when opportunities of preaching presented themselves. He devoted half a century to evangelization, amid innumerable difficulties, and at his death the diocese of Tours was securely established. In a part of the Empire where Mithraism was a dominating force among the legions, the Abbé Jaud reports that Gatianus likewise retreated into a grotto and there celebrated a mystical banquet (célébrait les saints mystères), but that of Christianity. Gatianus was often portrayed officiating at a ceremony in a cavern-like setting. Two grottos cut into the limestone hill above the river Loire, across from Tours at the largely demolished Marmoutier Abbey, are designated the first sites where Gatianus celebrated the liturgy.Anglophile Henry James, elite and skeptical, toured the grottos of Gatianus:
The abbey of Marmoutier, which sprung from the grottos in the cliff to which Saint Gatianus and Saint Martin retired to pray, was therefore the creation of the latter worthy. ...The cliff is still there, and a winding staircase, in the latest taste, enables you conveniently to explore its recesses. These sacred niches are scooped out of the rock, and will give you an impression if you cannot do without one. ...They have been dealt with as the Catholic church deals with most of such places today; polished and furnished up; labelled and ticketed; edited, with notes, in short, like an old book. The process is a mistake. The early editions had more sanctity ... but there was nevertheless a great sweetness in the scene. The afternoon was lovely, and it was flushing to a close.The large garden stretched beneath us, blooming with fruit and wine and succulent vegetables, and beyond it flowed the shining river. The air was still, the shadows were long, and the place, after all, was full of memories, most of which might pass for virtuous. Gatianus established a hospice for the poor outside the walls of Tours. There he lay, overcome with weariness, after five decades of fasting, penances and toil. And there, the abbé Jaud relates, the Saviour appeared to him, saying, "Fear not! Thy crown is readied and the Saints await thy arrival in Heaven." Veneration
After Gatianus' death, during renewed persecution of Christians, the see of Tours remained unoccupied for 36 years.The Christians were dispersed and any direct connection with the historical Gatianus was irretrievably broken. Gregory records the second bishop as Lidorius, traditionally credited with building the predecessor of the present cathedral in Tours, and states that he was bishop for 33 years until about the time Saint Martin arrived in Tours in 371 AD. However, Martin found few Christians in this city; local lore nevertheless kept the legend of Gatianus alive. Martin found <mask>' burial site, and always venerated his predecessor. With the rise in importance of Paris, Gatianus came to be seen more and more as a disciple of Saint Denis, and is so described at many modern Catholic websites. Tours became a major pilgrimage site, focused on the tomb of Saint Martin of Tours. The cathedral, originally consecrated to Saint Maurice, was reconsecrated to Saint <mask> at its 13th century rebuilding.His relics were destroyed in 1793, during the French Revolution. Petty ambitions and little tragedies of mid-19th century provincial life, centered on the cathedral, are portrayed in Honoré de Balzac's Le Curé de Tours ("The curate of Tours"). Saint Gatianus' day is observed on 18 December. Saint-Gatien-des-Bois is a commune in Lower Normandy (Calvados), France. Saint-Gatien has a familiar ring in French, and the golf course and the airport at Deauville, schools, and other institutions bear his name. See also
 Bishop of Tours
 <mask> of Tours, patron saint archive

Notes

External links
 Abbé L. Jaud, Vie des Saints pour tous les jours de l'année, Tours, 1950. (French)
 Henry James, A Little Tour in France, chapter III
  San Graziano (Gaziano) di Tours

3rd-century births
3rd-century bishops in Gaul
Bishops of Tours
3rd-century Christian saints
Gatianus (Gatien) of Tours
Year of death unknown

masks:
Gatianus
Gatianus
Gatianus
Gatianus
Saint Gatianus


title: Jason Hewlett

texts:
<mask> (born 1978) is an American speaker, entertainer, author, impressionist, and corporate events headliner known for his "clean," "family friendly" comedy and inspiring leadership messaging on his book, The Promise To The One. Personal life
<mask> was born in Salt Lake City, Utah in 1978 to John and <mask>. <mask>’s mother, formerly Marsha Redford, is a cousin of actor Robert Redford. He is married to <mask> and has 4 children. <mask>’s Great Grandfather, <mask>, was President of the Mormon Tabernacle Choir from 1938–1962, during which time the choir won a Grammy in 1959 for its recording of “The Battle Hymn of The Republic” in the vocal group/chorus category, of which <mask>’s Great-Grandmother, <mask> was a choir member. <mask> began his professional career after his post-high school service as a Mormon missionary in the Florianopolis, Brazil Mission ended in 1999. One of his early gigs was as a half-time entertainer for University of Utah & Brigham Young University basketball games.In 2001, he began working with the Las Vegas based Legends in Concert as both a Ricky Martin and Elton John impersonator. In 2002, he left Legends and worked professionally, and became a corporate events headliner. Devin Thorpe of Forbes said: "He’s become one of the most sought after corporate entertainers in the business because his fall-off-your-chair funny material is absolutely safe for work." In 2004, <mask> was courted by multiple casinos in Las Vegas to manage and create his one-man show. Based upon creative differences and demands that he change his act from family appropriate to be more adult, he turned all offers away and continued performing at corporate events and speaking to youth in school assemblies. In 2011, <mask> announced his retirement from public events and solely performs and speaks for corporate and youth events, only occasionally allowing his draw to be used for charitable causes and fundraisers, although performing privately for numerous charities on a regular basis. In 2014, <mask> performed his one-man show for the National Speakers Association Foundation Event.The same year he was invited to perform a US Military Tour throughout the Middle East and Southwest Asia on US Military stations and bases in Kuwait, Bahrain, Djibouti, Addis-Ababa, and Afghanistan during wartime for Armed Forces Entertainment along with other Latter Day Saints Artists including David Archuleta, Dan Clark, and Dean Kaelin. In 2016, <mask> was invited by the National Speakers Association to be the Keynote Speaker for the national Influence conference for his peers. At this same event, he was inducted into the Speaker Hall of Fame as one of the youngest recipients to be named a CPAE (Council of Peers Award of Excellence). Acting
In 1997 <mask> played the lead role in "Crayoluv", a short film by director Tucker Dansie. Religious
<mask> is a member of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, also referred to as Mormons. He references his religion in his speaking and performing as a comedy routine in order to make everyone feel connected rather than segregated. Author
His book, Signature Moves: How To Stand Out in a Sit Down World was published in 2014 by Peak Bagger Publishing.<mask>’s latest book, The Promise To The One was published by Sound Wisdom. The eBook launched May 13, 2020 as the #1 Hot Release in the category of Spiritual Self-Help on Amazon. Paperback and Audiobook launched on August 7, 2020. Musician
His original music and album, “Good To Me”, is featured on iTunes and his popular song, “My 8-ft. Tall Doll (The Chewbacca Song)” is known among youth audiences. Controversy and viral post
On December 1, 2015 <mask>’s Facebook post about seeing his wife at retail store Target became a viral internet post the world over, as it got headlined in news outlets and media as, “Man Cheats on Wife - Breaks The Internet". Within 24 hours of posting, it was featured on the Today Show web site, within 48 hours it had been highlighted as the top story on BusinessInsider, GoogleAds, Yahoo!, and in People magazine.Within 72 hours the <mask> couple’s story was appearing on news outlets from Italy to Singapore and Australia, among others, as well as the family received multiple Reality TV Show offers from Hollywood producers (all of which were turned away), and <mask>’s name was trending higher than Kim Kardashian as the top trending name in the world. As favorable as the attention was at first, <mask> was also accused of creating “click-bait” with his post, and received multiple negative reviews of his writing, specifically from Cosmopolitan, The TV show The View, and multiple popular bloggers. His post was shared by celebrities such as George Takei, Zooey Deschanel, and boxer Manny Pacquiao. The original post on his Facebook Page has reached over 35 million views and more than 238,000 shares and on his personal profile over 82,000 shares. Awards and recognition
Best Specialty Act or Variety Performance in the Arts & Entertainment Category, Best of State Awards - Utah (2010). Best Individual Vocalist in the Arts & Entertainment Category, Best of State Awards - Utah (2013). Certified Speaking Profession (CSP) designation by the National Speakers Association (less than 5% of speakers receive) (2014).Outstanding Eagle Scout Award from the National Eagle Scout Association (only 1250 have been awarded since its introduction in 2011 through 2015). The STAR Award from the SCERA Center for the Arts in Orem, Utah (lifetime achievement award - 2016). Speaker Hall of Fame aka CPAE (Council of Peers Award for Excellence) induction from the National Speakers Association (less than 1% of speakers) (2016). References

External links
 Official website
 <mask> as the Keynote Speaker at LifeVantage

American male film actors
American impressionists (entertainers)
Living people
American male writers
1978 births
21st-century American comedians

masks:
Jason Hewlett
Jason Hewlett
Marsha Hewlett
Hewlett
Tami Spenst Hewlett
Hewlett
Lester Franklin Hewlett
Hewlett
Margaret Stewart Hewlett
Career Hewlett
Hewlett
Hewlett
Hewlett
Hewlett
Hewlett
Hewlett
Hewlett
Hewlett
Hewlett
Hewlett
Hewlett
Jason Hewlett