title: Casey Hayden

texts:
 "give themselves up to that caricature of what a woman is-- unthinking, pliable, an ornament to please." <mask> insists that there was never a demand that the SNCC broaden its brief to "take women's roles on as an issue." The movement, in her view, "had enough to do." Rather the "express purpose" in circulating the memo among SNCC women "was to create conversations among us about what mattered to us, strengthening the bonds between us which sustained us, and thus strengthening the movement from within."With so many women themselves "insensitive" to the "day-to-day discriminations" (who is asked to take minutes, who gets to clean Freedom House), the paper had concluded that "amidst the laughter" discussion was perhaps the best that could be hoped for. At the time, and in "the Waveland setting," <mask> regarded the entire intervention as "an aside." In the new year, she was to reconsider. Seeking to further "dialogue within the movement," <mask> drafted an extended paper, finalized a version with Mary King, and then circulated it to 40 other women of whom 29 (16 black women, 12 white women, and one Latina) had strong ties to SNCC. Notwithstanding its subsequent reputation as a "key text of second-wave feminism," in what she persisted in calling "A Kind of Memo" <mask> avoided the feminist language that she and her friends had learned from reading Simone de Beauvoir, Betty Friedan and Doris Lessing. Within "the framework of human rights and civil liberties at the time . . . women's rights had no meaning, indeed they did not exist."Instead she continued to rely on the movement's own rhetoric of race relations:
There seem to be many parallels that can be drawn between treatment of Negroes and treatment of women in our society as a whole. But in particular, women we've talked to who work in the movement seem to be caught up in a common-law caste system that operates, sometimes subtly, forcing them to work around or outside hierarchical structures of power which may exclude them. Women seem to be placed in the same position of assumed subordination in personal situations too. It is a caste system which, at its worst, uses and exploits women. In November 1965, <mask> had the paper published in Liberation, the bi-monthly of the War Resisters League, the title Sex and Caste being suggested by the editor by David McReynolds. It was, <mask> has pointed out, her "last action as movement activist." In the fall of 1965 <mask> had been in a difficult position.Like some other white SNCC veterans after Freedom Summer she "took a stab at white organizing." Officially on loan from the SNCC, <mask> worked with the SDS in Chicago organizing displaced Appalachian women into a welfare recipients union, a foot soldier in <mask>'s vision of an "interracial movement of the poor." It was hard and, because of male violence, at times dangerous. She realized it was "foolhardy" to organize women alone and on her own. She needed help, and this was motive for revisiting the original memo She was also at a point at which it was clear that there was no going back to the SNCC she had known. Break with SNCC leadership
At an April 1965 SNCC Executive Committee meeting in Holly Springs, Mississippi, <mask> was labelled a "floater," a "derisive term for staff members who were viewed as too independent from the leadership structure." Although at times raucous, the reception of the paper on women may not have been the immediate issue.<mask> had authored, and owned to, another paper at Waveland the previous November, a "Memorandum on Structure. "—her own contribution on the question of constitutional revision. SNCC executive secretary James Forman had questioned Martin Luther King Jr.'s top-down leadership style at the Southern Christian Leadership Conference Yet by the close of 1964 he was increasingly insistent on the need within the SNCC for "structure." <mask> conceded that at this point "there was no way to make a decision." In the absence of a command structure "there was no regular communication between Atlanta and the organizers. We had been flying by the seat of our pants for years." Through the committee Forman put forward a plan for a decision making structure that "spoke to the structural needs of the Atlanta office."Bob Moses countered with a paper that "spoke to the structural needs of organizers." <mask>'s attempt, as she saw it, was "to get us through the impasse." She agreed the need for structure, "basically" Forman's, while seeking to maintain "both SNCC's central allegiance to programmatic control by organizers in the field and respect for the way we had organically developed, the ways we actually operated." Her plan went along with Forman's proposal to constitute the staff as the Coordinating Committee (the campus sit-in groups that comprised the original Committee had largely evaporated in the move to voter registration). But she hedged it round with various sub-committees and provisos to ensure that "leadership for all our programs" would continue to be driven from the field and not from central office "which makes many program areas responsible to one person rather than to all of us." This still suggested too loose, too confederal a structure for the party-political direction on which Forman and others were now travelling. At first this was toward the project of a Southwide Freedom Summer that, independent of the  manpower and publicity of white volunteers, would build a "Black Belt political party" that could write its "own voting  bill."Later, and after a decision in 1966 to organize embattled ghettos in the North, it was toward a coast-to-coast "Black United Front." This was to be forged through a merger (from which Forman and the majority did, ultimately, pull back) with the Black Panthers: Stokely Carmichael as "Prime Minister", James Forman as "Foreign Minister." <mask> had couched her proposals in gender-neutral terms, but she did believe that it was in a grassroots organization that women's voices would be most influential. Whether or not it was uppermost in her mind at the time, she later reflected that "patriarchy was an issue." At her last SNCC meeting in November 1965, <mask>, "at dinner," told both Forman and Chairman John Lewis that the "imbalance of power in SNCC" was such that they would both need to step down if the movement was to remain "radically democratic." In the meeting itself, her notes record that <mask> did not speak in defense of her position that a "looser structure" was not "'no structure,' but [a] different structure" because, she concluded, "no one would have listened." Later years
After 1965 <mask> worked for the New York Department of Welfare for a couple of years before moving to a rural Vermont commune with some other Mississippi veterans.She studied Zen Buddhism, and had two children with Dondald Campbell Boyce III, a "yogi carpenter" who helped <mask> and others establish the Integral Yoga Institute of San Francisco in 1970. In 1981, <mask> was back in Atlanta working for the voter-education, voter-registration Southern Regional Council. Later, she worked in the mayoral administration of Martin Luther King Jr.'s former lieutenant, Andrew Young, as an administrative aide in the Department of Parks, Recreation and Culture. In 1994 she married her partner Paul Buckwalter (1934-2016), with whom, in Tucson Arizona, she had care of seven stepchildren. A veteran of the 1968 Poor People's March on Washington and of community organizing with the Industrial Areas Foundation, Buckwalter was an Episcopalian priest and a leader in the Sanctuary movement. In 2010 <mask> spoke out against Arizona SB 1070, a state measure that criminalizes the movement by  outlawing the shelter and transport undocumented immigrants. It was "the most obvious example," she commented, of "Fortress America, the right wing's answer to the real issues we all face: 'We’ve got it and we are keeping it and we’ll shoot you if you try to get any of it.'"Reflections
In 1986, <mask> was interviewed with regard to Freedom Summer by researchers for the PBS television series Eyes on the Prize. She was not asked about the issues raised by Sex and Caste but was pressed on black-white division within the SNCC Mississippi operation, particularly in the light of calls for Black Power and black separatism. She allowed that there was an understandable degree of frustration, even resentment, felt by the local black staff, "the backbone" of the project, in having to deal "with a lot of young white people who were intellectual and moneyed." Calls for Black Power only came later, after Freedom Summer, and were in great measure a reaction, she believed, to continued political exclusion, something which the refusal to accredit the MFDP at the Democratic convention had dramatically symbolized: "it was like, if you won't let us in, we'll do our own thing." Division of any kind, however, was not her abiding memory of the movement. Rather it was the feeling of being "part of a visionary community which really transcended race and really was integrated," and whose later dissipation continued to be felt as "a great loss." It was also "a lot of fun.""We were all out there doing whatever we thought up to do. We were totally self-directed people, and very few people have that experience." The "direction" travelled with the movement in the South "put a lot of people in touch with themselves and the idea of organizing for themselves, so it spun off into anti-war organizing, and women's organizing and so on." There was also what <mask> called "the long suits of the black community in the South," the "patience and spirituality." This was something she believed northern black intellectuals tried to "tap into" and that she felt she and others also "picked up on." References

[[Category:
American women activists]]
American civil rights activists
University of Texas at Austin College of Liberal Arts alumni
1937 births
Living people
Members of Students for a Democratic Society (1960 organization)
American political activists
American social activists
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee
Freedom Riders
American feminists
Women civil rights activists
20th-century American women
21st-century American

masks:
Hayden
Hayden
Hayden
Hayden
Hayden
Hayden
Hayden
Hayden
Tom Hayden
Hayden
Hayden
Hayden
Hayden
Hayden
Hayden
Hayden
Hayden
Hayden
Hayden
Hayden
Casey Hayden
Hayden


title: Melih Cevdet Anday

type: original

texts:
<mask> (13 March 1915 – 28 November 2002) was a Turkish writer whose poetry stands outside the traditional literary movements. He also wrote in many other genres which, over six and a half decades, included eleven collections of poems, eight plays, eight novels, fifteen collections of essays, several of which won major literary awards. He also translated several books from diverse languages into Turkish. Biography
<mask> was born in Istanbul in 1915 and lived there until his parents moved to Ankara in 1931. He graduated from Gazi High School and for a while began studying sociology in Belgium on a State Railways scholarship but had to return home in 1940 after the German invasion. Between 1942–51 he worked as a publication consultant for the Ministry of Education in Ankara and then as a city librarian. During this time he began his career as a journalist for several newspapers.After 1954, he worked as a teacher for the Istanbul Municipal Conservatory. Between 1964 and 1969, <mask> served on Turkish Radio Television’s Board of Directors. After he retired from his position in the Conservatory in 1977, <mask> was assigned to UNESCO Headquarters in Paris as Cultural Attaché until recalled after a change of Government. Literary career
As a poet, <mask> was one of the leaders of the Garip movement, which also included Orhan Veli and Oktay Rifat. According to the preface of their joint collection, published in 1941, poetry should abandon the formalism and rhetorical classical style of previous centuries, making itself simple, colloquial, and matter of fact—an artless art designed to serve the common people. However, present there even then was an uneasy acknowledgement of French Surrealism, and <mask> official recognition. In particular his play Mikado’nun Çöpleri (The Mikado Game) earned him several awards: Most Successful Playwright of the 1967–1968 Drama Season; the İlhan İskender Prize; Ankara Art Lovers Foundation for the Best Playwright in 1971–1972. Another play, Ölümsüzler ya da Bir Cinayetin Söylencesi (The Immortals or the Legend of a Murder) won the Enka Art Prize in 1980. His poetry collection Teknenin Ölümü (Death of the Boat) won the 1978 Sedat Simavi Foundation Literature Prize, and Ölümsüzlük Ardında Gılgamış (Gilgamesh Beyond Death) gained the 1981 Türkiye İş Bankası Prize.In 1971 UNESCO honoured him among other outstanding European authors. He also received the TÜYAP Honour Prize for 1991 and the 2000 Aydın Doğan Foundation’s Literature Award. In 1994 the sculptor Metin Yurdanur cast a seated statue of him in bronze which is now sited in the park named after him at Ören on the Gulf of Gökova. Bibliography

Poetry
 Garip (Odd, 1941) with Orhan Veli and Oktay Rifat
 Rahatı Kaçan Ağaç (The Disturbed Tree, 1946)
 Telgrafhane (Telegram Office, 1952)
 Yan Yana (Side by side, 1956)
 Kolları bağlı Odysseus (Odysseus Bound, 1963)
 Göçebe Denizin Üstünde (On the Nomad Sea, 1970)
 Teknenin Ölümü (The death of a Boat, 1975)
 Sözcükler (Words, 1978)
 Ölümsüzlük Ardında Gılgamış (Gilgamesh Beyond Death, 1981)
 Güneşte (In the Sun, 1989)
 Yağmurun Altında (Under the Rain, 1995)
 Seçme Şiirler (Selected Poetry, 1997). Novels
 Aylaklar (The Vagabonds, 1965)
 Gizli Emir (The Secret Command, 1970)
 İsa'nın Güncesi (The Diary of Christ, 1974)
 Raziye (1975)
 Yağmurlu Sokak (Rainy Street, 1991),
 Meryem Gibi (Like Mary, 1991)
 Birbirimizi Anlayamayız (We Cannot Understand Each Other, 1992). Book-length translations include the novel Aylaklar into Bulgarian (Sofia 1966) and poetry selections into French: Ulysse Bras Attachés et autres poèmes, (Poésie-Club UNESCO, Paris, 1970) and Offrandes 1946–1989 (Editions UNESCO, 1998). US selections of poetry include On The Nomad Sea, (Geronimo Books, New York, 1974); Rain One Step Away, (Charioteer Press, Washington, DC, 1980); Silent Stones: Selected Poems of Melih Cevdet Anday (Northfield: Talisman House, 2017).The last of these, translated by poets Sidney Wade and  Efe Murad, was winner of the 2015 Meral Divitçi Prize. Sources

1.M.C.ANDAY. "EI" Magazine of European Art Center (EUARCE) of Greece, 8st issue 1994, p.11 & 38-39

See also
 Garip Movement
 List of contemporary Turkish poets

References

External links
"A poem in the manner of Karacaoğlan", translations by Sidney Wade and  Efe Murad in "Asymptote" sections 1 and 4; sections 6-8
"Voice", a translation by Sidney Wade and  Efe Murad in "Guernica"
 "Garip: A Turkish Poetry Manifesto", a translation by Sidney Wade and  Efe Murad in "Critical Flame" The Critical Flame
 8 poems
 Eight poems in A Brave New Quest: 100 Modern Turkish Poems, Syracuse University Press 2006
 "Silent Stones: Selected Poems of <mask> <mask> <mask>",

1915 births
2002 deaths
People from Istanbul
Turkish poets
20th-century poets
Cultural attachés

masks:
Melih Cevdet Anday
Melih Cevdet Anday
Anday
Anday
Anday
Andayay
Melih
Cevdet
Anday


title: Barry Rumack

texts:
<mask><mask> (born November 1, 1942) is an American medical toxicologist and pediatrician. His primary clinical and research interest has been in clinical toxicology with a special interest in acetaminophen poisoning. Since 2014 he is Emeritus Professor of Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics at the University of Colorado School of Medicine. Early years and education
<mask><mask> was born in Chicago, Illinois on November 1, 1942. He grew up in Whitefish Bay, Wisconsin and graduated from Whitefish Bay High School in 1960. In 1964, he graduated from the University of Chicago with a Bachelor of Science in Microbiology in 1964. In 1968, Rumack completed medical school at the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, where he received his M.D.He was a Clinical Research Fellow at the National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, Baltimore Cancer Center in the section of Neurosurgery and a Research Fellow with Jordan Holtzman, MD, PhD in the Section of Pharmacology. In 1971, he returned in 1971 to the University of Colorado to complete a pediatric residency and then did a fellowship at the University of Colorado School of Medicine in Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology. During the second half of 1973 he was clinical fellow with Dr. Henry Matthew MD at the Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh in Edinburgh, Scotland. He developed a significant interest in acetaminophen and along with Professor Matthew collected 34 cases of overdose and combined them with 30 previously published cases in creation of a nomogram relating blood level to time of ingestion. That was then published in 1975 and is used worldwide in the assessment of acetaminophen overdose treatment as Rumack–Matthew nomogram. Academic career
In January 1973, Rumack joined the faculty of the University of Colorado School of Medicine as Assistant Professor of Pediatrics. He has been with the university ever since and was named Emeritus Professor of Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics in 2014.In 1973, <mask> developed Poisindex, one of the first commercial databases, which could retrieve diagnosis and treatment data for a vast variety of poisonous substances. Published first on microfiche and later on CD-ROM it became the standard software used by the majority of poison control centers in the US and globally. In January 1974, he became the Director of the Rocky Mountain Poison and Drug Center (now Denver Health Medical Center) and served in this role until his retirement in 1992. His early work at the center was focused on developing a regional resource for poison information and treatment. Part of that work involved the development of Poisindex. Within that system an International Mushroom Toxicology Classification system was developed. Similar systems for plants and snakes were also incorporated.Having such technical advantage, Rumack established a hotline at the Rocky Mountain Poison & Drug Center Rumack, where every poison enquiry could be answered within 30 to 50 seconds. The Kansas City Star 1978 feature story noted that the center "has become a technical prototype for similar operations around the country". In 1973, he and co-authors published a paper examining hepatic drug metabolism and malnutrition. This paper was based on extensive work with monkeys who were also assessed for cognitive and other functions in separate publications and forms the metabolic basis for the understanding of the importance of correcting malnutrition during early brain development. This work is utilized today as part of the basis for the United Nations emergency feeding programs. In 1976, along with co-authors he published a paper regarding unrecognizable salicylate intoxication which revealed numerous missed cases of aspirin poisoning in patients who were thought to have metabolic acidosis of unknown origin. In September 1976, he began a protocol and was the principal investigator of the use of n-acetylcysteine for the treatment of acetaminophen overdose as part of a National Multiclinic Study which collected and published the largest series of acetaminophen cases ever collected in The New England Journal of Medicine in 1988.This treatment, now given intravenously, has been the standard approach to this overdose to this day worldwide. In 1978, together with Emanuel Salzman <mask> co-authored Mushroom Poisoning:diagnosis and treatment, which had a second edition in 1994 with David Spoerke as a co-author. In 1980, he was portrayed in the movie Airplane! (1980) as Dr. <mask> (played by Leslie Nielsen), who took care of passengers on the plane with food poisoning. In 2008, in a testimony at court he explained that he used to live in Milwaukee next door to filmmakers David and Jerry Zucker and they took his name for the movie role. In May 1989, Rumack visited Georgia as part of a three experts team commissioned by Physicians for Human Rights to investigate a possible use of toxic gas during the April 9 tragedy. He was able to identify the gas as chloropicrin which is an illegal war gas utilizing a mass spectrometer at the Tbilisi State Medical University.In 1999, he was doing a sabbatical at the Food and Drug Administration when he was asked  to evaluate safe levels for exposure to methylmercury in pediatric vaccines. Rumack developed a pharmacokinetic model to analyze the amount of mercury to which infants were being exposed and found that mercury levels at Thiomersal-containing vaccines were far exceeding safety guidelines established by EPA, FDA and ATSDR. Unfortunately, the FDA did not share this information with the public. <mask> has continued with academic work at the University of Colorado School of Medicine both teaching and doing research. His most recent publications were focused on the use of fomepizole as a treatment for delayed and massive ingestions of acetaminophen (Akakpo 2019, Kang et al. 2019, Adkakpo et al. 2020.).Selected Publications

Selected books

Awards and recognition
<mask> received three highest American career achievement awards in the field of clinical toxicology: an Annual Recognition Award from the American Association of Poison Control Centers (1985), Matthew J. Ellenhorn Award from the American College of Medical Toxicology (2001) and the Career Achievement Award from the American Academy of Clinical Toxicology (2011). His work was also recognized by the Clinton Thienes, M.D., Award from the American Academy of Clinical Toxicology (1991) and by Honorary Doctorate from the Jagiellonian University (1995). References

External links
 <mask><mask> profile on WorldCat Identities
 <mask><mask> publications on Google Scholar
 <mask><mask> profile on VIAF
 <mask> <mask> profile on ResearchGate

Living people
1942 births
American toxicologists
University of Colorado faculty
University of Colorado fellows
University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health alumni
University of Colorado School of Medicine alumni

masks:
Barry H
. Rumack
Barry H
. Rumack
Rumack
Rumack
Rumack
Rumack
Rumack
Barry H
. Rumack
Barry H
. Rumack
Barry H
. Rumack
Barry H
Rumack


title: Mikael Backlund

texts:
<mask> (born 17 March 1989) is a Swedish professional ice hockey centre and alternate captain for the Calgary Flames of the National Hockey League (NHL). <mask> was a first round selection, 24th overall, of the Flames in the 2007 NHL Entry Draft, and made his NHL debut in 2008–09. He played junior hockey for VIK Västerås HK in the J20 SuperElit and the Kelowna Rockets of the Western Hockey League (WHL). He was a member of Kelowna's WHL championship team in 2009. Internationally, <mask> has represented Sweden on several occasions—he was a member of two silver medal-winning teams at the World Junior Championship, and has won a bronze, silver and gold medals with the Swedes at the World Championship. Playing career

Västerås HK
Backlund began his junior hockey career with the VIK Västerås HK organization in the J20 SuperElit, Sweden's premier junior league. His impressive two-way play earned him the opportunity to play for Västerås' senior team in the second-tier HockeyAllsvenskan as a 16-year-old.In his debut on 2 November 2005, during an away game against Växjö Lakers, <mask> scored a goal in the first period of a 4–0 win and was selected as the player of the game for his team. He tallied four points in his 12 games in HockeyAllsvenskan during the 2005–06 season. That same season, <mask> was dominant in the 2006 TV-pucken, a national under-17 tournament in Sweden played among districts. Leading the tournament in goal- and point-scoring, he was selected as the most valuable player and given the Sven Tumba Award as best forward in the tournament. <mask> played another two seasons for Västerås HK, splitting time in the J20 SuperElit and HockeyAllsvenskan. During this time, he was selected in the first round, 24th overall, by the Calgary Flames in the 2007 NHL Entry Draft. Scouts had ranked him second amongst European skaters.Following the 2007–08 season, <mask> signed an entry-level contract with the Flames. He impressed during the rookie camp but was not as successful during the main training camp, and started the 2008–09 season playing on loan for Västerås back in HockeyAllsvenskan. After his success in the 2009 World Junior Championships, he returned to Calgary and made his NHL debut on 8 January 2009, in a 5–2 win against the New York Islanders. Soon thereafter, the Flames assigned him to the Kelowna Rockets of the Western Hockey League (WHL) for the remainder of the 2008–09 season. Competing for the Rockets in the 2009 WHL playoffs, <mask> tied teammate Jamie Benn for the League lead with 13 goals in 19 games as Kelowna defeated the Calgary Hitmen in the final to win the Ed Chynoweth Cup. Calgary Flames
<mask> began the 2009–10 season with the Flames' American Hockey League (AHL) affiliate, the Abbotsford Heat. On 26 January 2010, he was called up to play on the NHL squad, and scored his first NHL goal on 28 January against the Phoenix Coyotes.He split the season between the AHL and NHL, scoring 32 points in 54 games in Abbotsford, and ten points in 23 games with Calgary. Though he spent most of the 2010–11 season in Calgary, <mask> struggled offensively early, and after scoring just eight points in his first 32 games, was sat out of six consecutive games as a healthy scratch before being sent to Abbotsford on a brief conditioning stint. He appeared in 73 games for the Flames, scoring ten goals and 25 points. Injuries plagued <mask> throughout 2011–12. He was expected to centre the Flames' top line between Jarome Iginla and Alex Tanguay, but suffered a broken finger in training camp that twice required surgery to repair and caused him to miss the first six weeks of the season. He then suffered a shoulder injury in a mid-February game while attempting to confront a Vancouver Canucks player he felt had injured a teammate. The injury ended his season, and in 41 games, he scored only 11 points.Following the season, the Flames re-signed <mask> to a new contract for the 2012–13 season, a one-year deal worth US$725,000. However, with the season's start delayed by a labour dispute, <mask> returned to Sweden for the balance of the lockout. He re-joined Västerås and appeared in 23 games for the team, scoring 12 goals and 30 points before returning to North America after a new deal between the NHL and its players was reached. His performance with Västerås provided a confidence boost for <mask>, who said that he wanted to return to Calgary and "show everybody I can play way better." <mask> enjoyed a solid NHL season upon coming back to Calgary, missing 16 games but still managing to post one point every two games on average for the first time in his career. His eight goals and sixteen points were eighth and tenth on a rebuilding Flames team which badly missed the playoffs. In July 2013, the Flames signed <mask> to a two-year, $3 million contract extension.That season, he recorded the best totals of his career in every offensive category, finishing third on the Flames in goals (18) and fourth in points (39). While the team around him regressed to the worst finish in team history, <mask> asserted himself as one of its top offensive threats. In 2014–15, <mask> faltered slightly, suffering through injuries and trade rumours; however, the Flames surprisingly skyrocketed up the standings en route to their first playoff berth in six years. <mask>'s 10 goals and 27 points were just 11th and 12th on the Flames, but he only played 52 games in the regular season. He continued struggling into the playoffs, only recording 1 goal and 1 assist in 11 games played. However, the one goal <mask> scored was an important one, as it came in overtime of Game 3 of the Flames' second-round series against the Anaheim Ducks to give Calgary their first win past the first round in 13 years. On 20 June 2015, <mask> signed a three-year, $10.725 million contract extension with Calgary.Put on a line with free-agent acquisition Michael Frolík, <mask> enjoyed his most productive year yet in 2015–16, passing the 20-goal and 40-point plateaus for the first time in his career. His final totals were 21 goals and 26 assists for 47 points. While contributing significantly in the offensive zone, <mask> also established himself as a defensive catalyst, forming a tag-team on the penalty kill with Frolík; together, the two of them combined for five short-handed goals in the season. <mask> finished first on the team in the plus/minus column, sporting a +10. <mask> kept improving in 2016–17, turning into one of the NHL's premier two-way players. At the discretion of new head coach Glen Gulutzan, rookie Matthew Tkachuk was slotted in on the left side of <mask> and Frolík, forming a line dubbed by fans and media as the "3M Line". Matthew, <mask> and Michael formed one of the most potent lines in the NHL in 2016–17, combining for 145 points, the most of any Flames line.Contributing the most offense to that line was <mask>, who once again eclipsed his career-highs by posting 22 goals and 53 points, good for second and third on the Flames. He also played well past the regular season, posting a goal and two assists in four playoff games. However, it was <mask>'s defensive work that began to receive recognition around the NHL in 2016–17, as he finished fourth in voting for the Frank J. Selke Trophy, awarded each year to the NHL's best defensive forward. On 16 February 2018, <mask> signed a six-year contract extension with the Flames. International play
<mask> played for Sweden at the 2006 World U18 Championships, scoring one goal in three games. In 2007, he led Sweden to a U18 bronze medal when he scored a natural hat-trick in an 8–3 win over Canada in the bronze medal game. He led the tournament in goal-scoring with six goals in six games.<mask> was a member of the Swedish junior team that won back-to-back silver medals in the 2008 and 2009 World Junior Championships, losing to Canada in both instances. He scored the game-winning goal in overtime in the 2008 semi-final against Russia. The next year, he recorded a two-goal game in the semi-final against Slovakia. After being eliminated in the second round of the AHL playoffs in 2010, <mask> was invited to play for Sweden's men's team at the World Championships, accepting the offer. Despite being left off the initial roster, <mask> was invited to the 2016 World Cup of Hockey as a replacement for injured Henrik Zetterberg on 1 September. <mask> is the captain of the Swedish team, and helped to win the gold at the World Championships in 2018. Personal life
<mask> is charitably active in both Calgary and Sweden.In Calgary, he is a spokesman for both the Special Olympics and the Kid's Cancer Care Foundation. Since 2013, he has donated $150 to the latter charity for each NHL point he records. He has also listed the ALS Society of Alberta has his charity of choice, and in partnership with KPMG, donates $200 for every point he earns. In Sweden, <mask> participated in the Ride for Hope bicycle race and raised $27,000 for charity. The Flames recognized his charitable efforts by naming him the 2014 recipient of the Ralph T. Scurfield Humanitarian Award. <mask> married his fiancée Frida Engström in Sweden on 11 August 2018. Together, the couple have a daughter and a son.Career statistics

Regular season and playoffs

International

Awards and honours

References

External links

1989 births
Living people
Abbotsford Heat players
Calgary Flames draft picks
Calgary Flames players
Expatriate ice hockey players in Canada
Kelowna Rockets players
National Hockey League first round draft picks
Sportspeople from Västerås
Swedish ice hockey centres
Swedish expatriate sportspeople in Canada
VIK Västerås HK players

masks:
Mikael Backlund
Backlund
Backlund
Backlund
Backlund
Backlund
Backlund
Backlund
Backlund
Backlund
Backlund
Backlund
Backlund
Backlund
Backlund
Backlund
Backlund
Backlund
Backlund
Backlund
Backlund
Backlund
Backlund
Backlund
Backlund
Backlund
Mikael
Backlund
Backlund
Backlund
Backlund
Backlund
Backlund
Backlund
Backlund
Backlund
Backlund
Backlund


title: Gwyneth Paltrow

texts:
<mask> (; born ) is an American actress and businesswoman. She is the recipient of various accolades, including an Academy Award, a Golden Globe Award, two Screen Actors Guild Awards, and a Primetime Emmy Award. <mask> gained notice for her early work in films such as Seven (1995), Emma (1996), Sliding Doors (1998), and A Perfect Murder (1998). She garnered wider acclaim for her performance as Viola de Lesseps in the romantic historical fiction film Shakespeare in Love (1998) which won her several awards, including the Academy Award for Best Actress. This performance was followed by roles in The Talented Mr. Ripley (1999), The Royal Tenenbaums (2001), Shallow Hal (2001), and Sky Captain and the World of Tomorrow (2004). After becoming a mother, <mask> significantly reduced her film workload. She made occasional appearances in films, such as Proof (2005), for which she earned a nomination for the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama.In 2009, <mask> received a Grammy Award nomination for Best Spoken Word Album for Children for the children's audiobook Brown Bear and Friends. In addition, she won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series for her guest role as Holly Holliday on the Fox musical comedy-drama television series Glee in 2011. From 2008 to 2019, <mask> portrayed Pepper Potts in the Marvel Cinematic Universe. Beginning in 1995, <mask> has been the face of Estée Lauder's Pleasures perfume; she was previously the face of the American fashion brand Coach. She owns the lifestyle company Goop and has authored several cookbooks. Early life
Gwyneth <mask> was born on September 27, 1972, in Los Angeles, to actress Blythe Danner and film producer-director <mask>. She has a younger brother, Jake, who is a director and screenwriter.<mask>'s father was Jewish, while her mother is from a Christian background. She was raised celebrating "both Jewish and Christian holidays." Her brother had a traditional Bar Mitzvah when he turned 13. Her father's Ashkenazi Jewish family emigrated from Belarus and Poland, while her mother has Pennsylvania Dutch (German) as well as some Irish and English ancestry. Paltrow's paternal great-great-grandfather was a Rabbi in Nowogród, Poland, and a descendant of the well-known <mask>icz family of rabbis from Kraków. She is a half-cousin of actress Katherine Moennig, through her mother, and a second cousin of former U.S. Congresswoman Gabby Giffords (AZ-08) through her father. Through Giffords, she is a second-cousin-in-law of U.S.Senator Mark Kelly of Arizona. Her godfather is director Steven Spielberg. Her uncle is opera singer and actor Harry Danner, whose daughter, actress Hillary Danner, is <mask>'s cousin and close friend. <mask> recalls their family gatherings: "Hillary and I always had this in common, and to this day ... cooking for people we love, eating, hanging out as a family. It's how we were raised. It's what we do." Another cousin is Rebekah <mask> Neumann, whose spouse is the Israeli-American millionaire Adam Neumann, founder of WeWork.<mask> was raised in a very wealthy household, and lived in Santa Monica, California, where she attended Crossroads School, before enrolling in the Spence School, an all-girls private school in Manhattan. Later, she studied art history at the University of California, Santa Barbara, before dropping out to act. She is an "adopted daughter" of Talavera de la Reina (Spain), where at 15, she spent a year as an exchange student and learned to speak Spanish. She is also conversant in French, as her family frequently traveled to the South of France throughout her childhood. Career

Early work (1989–1995)
Her career beginnings can be credited to her acting family, as her acting debut was in High (1989), a TV film her father directed, and after spending several summers watching her mother perform at the Williamstown Theatre Festival in Massachusetts, Paltrow made her professional stage debut there in 1990. Her film debut followed with the musical romance film Shout (1991), starring John Travolta, and she was cast by her godfather Steven Spielberg in the commercially successful adventure feature Hook (1991) as the young Wendy Darling. <mask>'s next roles were in one episode of the Scottish soap opera Take The High Road (1992) and the made-for-television movies Cruel Doubt (1992) and Deadly Relations (1993).Her first plum feature film role was in the noir drama Flesh and Bone (1993) as the much-younger girlfriend of James Caan. Janet Maslin of The New York Times described <mask> as a scene-stealer "who is Blythe Danner's daughter and has her mother's way of making a camera fall in love with her." In 1995, she starred in the thriller Se7en, as the wife of a young detective (Brad Pitt), who is partnered with the retiring William Somerset (Morgan Freeman) and then tasked with tracking down a serial killer who uses the seven deadly sins as tropes in his murders. The seventh-highest-grossing film of the year, Seven also earned her a nomination for the Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actress. She appeared in Moonlight and Valentino, as a grieving chain-smoker, and in Jefferson in Paris, portraying Martha Jefferson Randolph. Breakthrough and critical success (1996–2001)
In 1996, Paltrow played the title character in the period film adaptation Emma, based on the 1815 novel of the same name by Jane Austen. Director Douglas McGrath decided to bring in Paltrow to audition for the part of Emma Woodhouse, after a suggestion from his agent and after seeing her performance in Flesh and Bone.On his decision to cast the actress, McGrath revealed: "The thing that actually sold me on her playing a young English girl was that she did a perfect Texas accent. I know that wouldn't recommend her to most people ... I knew she had theater training, so she could carry herself. We had many actresses, big and small, who wanted to play this part. The minute she started the read-through, the very first line, I thought, 'Everything is going to be fine; she's going to be brilliant.'" While she recovered from wisdom-tooth surgery, <mask> had a month to herself to do her own research for the part; she studied horsemanship, dancing, singing, archery and the "highly stylized" manners and dialect during a 3-week rehearsal period. The film was released to critical acclaim and commercial success through arthouse cinemas.Variety proclaimed: "<mask> <mask> shines brightly as Jane Austen's most endearing character, the disastrously self-assured matchmaker Emma Woodhouse. A fine cast, speedy pacing, and playful direction make this a solid contender for the Austen sweepstakes." <mask> starred in the crime film Hard Eight. 1998 marked a turning point in <mask>'s career as she took on leading roles in five high-profile film releases in the yearGreat Expectations, Sliding Doors, Hush, A Perfect Murder and Shakespeare in Love. In the adaptation of the Charles Dickens novel Great Expectations, also starring Ethan Hawke, Robert De Niro, Anne Bancroft and Chris Cooper, she played the unrequited and haughty childhood love of a New York City painter. The British drama Sliding Doors saw her star as a woman whose life could take two central paths depending on whether or not she catches a train, causing different outcomes. Great Expectations and Sliding Doors both grossed over $55 million worldwide.<mask> starred opposite Jessica Lange in the thriller Hush, as an unsuspecting woman living with her psychotic mother-in-law. The film made $13.5 million domestically and was generally panned by critics. In another thriller, A Perfect Murder, inspired by Alfred Hitchcock's 1954 film, Dial M for Murder, <mask> starred alongside Michael Douglas, playing Emily Taylor, who was based on Grace Kelly's character from the original film. Despite a mixed critical response towards A Perfect Murder, the film grossed $128 million globally. She was also considered for the role of Rose DeWitt Bukater in the 1997 film Titanic. Her most critically acclaimed role in the year was that of the fictional lover of William Shakespeare in Shakespeare in Love, opposite Joseph Fiennes in the titular part. Entertainment Weekly commented, "Best of all is <mask> <mask>, who, at long last, has a movie to star in that's as radiant as she is."The New York Times summed up her performance as Viola thus: "<mask> <mask>, in her first great, fully realized starring performance, makes a heroine so breathtaking that she seems utterly plausible as the playwright's guiding light." Shakespeare in Love made $289 million in box office receipts, and won <mask> the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Leading Role, Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Comedy or Musical, and Academy Award for Best Actress, among other honors. The pink Ralph Lauren dress she wore to the 71st Academy Awards in collecting her Oscar was extremely popular and was credited for bringing pink back into fashion. In 1999, <mask> co-starred alongside Jude Law, Matt Damon and Cate Blanchett in the psychological thriller The Talented Mr. Ripley, as the fiancée of a rich and spoiled millionaire playboy (Law) whose identity is adopted by a con artist (Damon). While The Guardian, noting the "very underwritten" female roles in the story, found her to be "peaky and pallid", the film received positive reviews and grossed $80 million in North America. She showcased her singing ability in 2000s Duets, which was directed by her father and co-starred singer Huey Lewis. In the film, about "the little known world of karaoke competitions and the wayward characters who inhabit it", she portrayed the estranged daughter of a hustler (Lewis).She performed a cover version of Smokey Robinson's "Cruisin', which was released as a single and went to number one in Australia, while her rendition of the Kim Carnes classic "Bette Davis Eyes" reached number three. Also in 2000, Paltrow co-starred with Ben Affleck in the moderately successful romantic drama Bounce as Abby Janello. She starred with Jack Black in the comedy Shallow Hal (2001), about a shallow man falling in love with an overweight woman. To play her role, she had to wear a specially designed 25-pound fatsuit and heavy makeup. Shallow Hal opened with $22.5 million and grossed $70.7 million in North America and $141.1 million around the globe. Roger Ebert remarked that she was "truly touching" in the film, which he described as "often very funny, but ... also surprisingly moving at times." In the Wes Anderson dramedy The Royal Tenenbaums (2001), co-starring Gene Hackman, Anjelica Huston, Ben Stiller and Luke Wilson, Paltrow took on the role of the adopted daughter in an estranged family of former child prodigies reuniting with their father.A positive critical response greeted the film upon its release, and it made $71.4 million worldwide. Career fluctuations (2002–2007)
In 2004, it was noted that since her Oscar win for Shakespeare in Love, <mask>'s film career had been less noteworthy and critical acclaim had waned. She said she was unequipped for the pressure, leading to several bad film choices, agreeing with peers who believe the win is, in some ways, a curse. During this time, <mask> rarely appeared in films, having taken a hiatus to raise her two children. In The Guardian, she said she divided her career into movies for love and films for money: The Royal Tenenbaums, Proof, and Sylvia fell into the former category, while she signed on to View from the Top and Shallow Hal for the latter. In 2002, <mask> made small appearances in the documentary Searching for Debra Winger and the action satire comedy Austin Powers in Goldmember, while she starred in the thriller-drama Possession with Aaron Eckhart as a couple of literary scholars who unearth the amorous secret of two Victorian poets as they find themselves falling under a deepening connection. The film made a lukewarm $14.8 million worldwide.In the following year, she headlined the romantic comedy View from the Top, where she obtained the part of woman from a small town who sets out to fulfill her dream of becoming a flight attendant. Budgeted at $30 million, the film only earned $7 million in its opening weekend; it eventually grossed $15.6 domestically and $19,526,014 worldwide. She herself later disparaged the film, calling it "terrible". <mask> starred as the titular role in Sylvia (2003), a British biographical drama directed by Christine Jeffs and co-starring Daniel Craig chronicling the romance between prominent poets Sylvia Plath and Ted Hughes. Distributed for a limited release in most markets, Sylvia made $2.9 million internationally. The New York Times, in its review for the film, wrote that "her performance goes well beyond mimicry. She has a vivid, passionate presence, even when her lively features have gone slack with depression and her bright blue eyes have glazed over."In 2004, she starred with her The Talented Mr. Ripley co-star Jude Law and Angelina Jolie in the science fiction film Sky Captain and the World of Tomorrow. Her role in the film was Polly Perkins, the reporter for the fictional New York Chronicle. Law became one of the producers of the film and used his clout to get <mask> involved. Once she had been suggested for the role, Law did not remember "any other name coming up. It just seems that she was perfect. She was as enthusiastic about the script and about the visual references that were sort of put to her, and jumped on board." She said in an interview, "I thought that this is the time to do a movie like this where it's kind of breaking into new territory and it's not your basic formulaic action-adventure movie."While critical response was positive, with a budget of $70 million, Sky Captain only grossed $58 million at the international box office. Also in 2004, she was recognized as an outstanding woman in entertainment by Women in Film Los Angeles with the Crystal Award. In the drama Proof (2005), she starred as the depressed daughter of a brilliant, eccentric mathematician (played by Anthony Hopkins). The film was based on the play of the same name, in which <mask> also played the same character at London's Donmar Warehouse between May and June 2002. On her portrayal in the film version, Eye for Film remarked: "As she has already shown in Sylvia, The Royal Tenenbaums and even Sliding Doors, Paltrow has an uncanny talent for playing women who are coming apart at the seams and her [character] veers from lovably eccentric to more disturbingly unhinged and back again with fluent ease. The scenes, which she and Hopkins share, as two difficult people bound together by affection, dependency, and mutual respect, are entirely believable and all the more touching for it." For her performance, <mask> received her second Golden Globe nomination for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama.Paltrow filmed small roles for the 2006 films Love and Other Disasters, Running with Scissors and Infamous, where she sang Cole Porter's "What Is This Thing Called Love?" Her brother <mask> directed her in his feature debut, the romantic comedy The Good Night (2007), in which she starred opposite Penélope Cruz, Martin Freeman, Danny DeVito and Simon Pegg as the wife of a former keyboard player (Freeman). The film received a two-theater run in North America and garnered mixed reviews from critics. View London felt the actress was "clearly only playing her part as a courtesy to her director brother and it just makes you wish she'd go back to playing lead roles again." Marvel Cinematic Universe and acting hiatus (2008–present)

Paltrow saw a resurgence in her career in 2008, when she was cast in Iron Man as Pepper Potts, Tony Stark's personal assistant, closest friend, and budding love interest. First hesitant to appear in a big-budget project, Paltrow asked Marvel to send her any comics they would consider relevant to her understanding of the character, whom she considered to be very smart, levelheaded, and grounded. She said she liked "the fact that there's a sexuality that's not blatant."The director Jon Favreau wanted Potts and Stark's relationship to be reminiscent of a 1940s screwball comedy, something which <mask> considered to be fun in an "innocent yet sexy" way. Iron Man was favorably received by critics, and with a worldwide gross of $585 million, it

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 became <mask>'s highest-grossing film until The Avengers (2012). She reprised her role in the sequels Iron Man 2 (2010) and Iron Man 3 (2013). While the second film grossed $623.9 million internationally, the third entry went on to gross $1.215 billion. She also reprised the role in Spider-Man: Homecoming (2017), Avengers: Infinity War (2018) and Avengers: Endgame (2019). <mask> starred opposite Joaquin Phoenix in the romantic drama Two Lovers (2008), playing the beautiful but volatile new neighbor of a depressed bachelor. Two Lovers premiered in competition at the 2008 Cannes Film Festival in May, receiving largely positive reviews, especially for <mask>'s and Phoenix's performances; Los Angeles Times felt that "Phoenix is at his best with Paltrow's bruised sparrow of a girl; he's desperate to take care of her when he can't even take care of himself.She is one of those actresses who understands the power of a look, and the one of regret and then resignation that overtakes her when Leonard professes his love is steeped in sadness." The film was an arthouse success, grossing $16 million worldwide. In the musical drama Country Strong (2010), she starred as an emotionally unstable country music star who attempts to resurrect her career. She recorded the song "Country Strong" for the film's soundtrack, and it was released to country radio stations in August 2010. The film received mediocre reviews and grossed a modest $20.2 million in North America. The consensus of review-aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes was: "The cast gives it their all, and Paltrow handles her songs with aplomb, but Country Strongs clichéd, disjointed screenplay hits too many bum notes." At the 83rd Academy Awards, Paltrow performed another song from the film, "Coming Home," which was nominated for Best Original Song.<mask> made her first scripted television appearance on Fox's Glee, as substitute teacher Holly Holliday, who fills in for Matthew Morrison's character when he falls ill. Her role was developed by co-creator Ryan Murphy, a personal friend of <mask>'s, who suggested that she showcase her vocal and dancing abilities ahead of the release of Country Strong. In her first episode, "The Substitute," she sang "Nowadays" from the musical Chicago with Lea Michele, CeeLo Green's "Forget You", and a mash-up of "Singin' In the Rain" and Rihanna's "Umbrella" with Morrison and the rest of the cast. Her debut on Glee attracted significant buzz and positive commentary from critics; she won a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series. Indeed, at the time, Entertainment Weekly Tim Stack and E! Onlines Kristin dos Santos called her appearance Emmy-worthy, with the former rating it among her best performances, and the latter stating that Holly received "some of Glee best-ever one-liners." She later performed "Forget You" with CeeLo Green himself and several puppet characters provided by The Jim Henson Company at the 2011 Grammy Awards.She reprised her role twice more that season, performing "Do You Wanna Touch Me (Oh Yeah)" by Gary Glitter, an acoustic version of "Landslide" by Fleetwood Mac, "Kiss" by Prince, and Adele's "Turning Tables." <mask> was briefly featured in Glee: The 3D Concert Movie after being filmed while she performed "Forget You" as Holly in the 2011 Glee Live! In Concert! tour performances of June 16 and 17, 2011. Later that year, <mask> appeared in Steven Soderbergh's film Contagion, featuring an ensemble cast consisting of Marion Cotillard, Kate Winslet and her The Talented Mr. Ripley co-stars Matt Damon and Jude Law. The thriller follows the rapid progress of a lethal indirect contact transmission virus that kills within days. <mask> played Elizabeth Emhoff, a "working mom" and one of the virus' first victims.Contagion received positive reviews and opened atop at the North American box office with $23.1 million; it went on to gross $75.6 million domestically and $135.4 million worldwide. She reprised her role of Pepper Potts in The Avengers (2012), which set numerous box office records, including the biggest opening weekend in North America; it grossed over $1.5 billion worldwide, becoming <mask>'s most widely seen film. Also in 2012, she starred in the independent romantic dramedy Thanks for Sharing, opposite Mark Ruffalo as people learning to face a challenging and confusing road as they struggle together against sex addiction. Distributed for a limited release in certain parts of the United States, the film garnered mixed reviews and grossed $1 million domestically. Paste magazine noted that her role "exhibits some of the same obsessive diet and exercise habits that <mask> herself has been accused ofa kind of meta character trait that balances the power in [the main roles'] budding relationship." In April 2013, <mask> was named People magazine's annual "Most Beautiful Woman." In 2014, she had a two-episode arc in the improvised online series Web Therapy, as Maya Ganesh, "a new-age caricature."In 2015, she starred in Mortdecai, alongside Johnny Depp, Olivia Munn, and Paul Bettany. In it, she portrayed the wife of an unscrupulous art dealer and swindler (Depp). Budgeted at $60 million, the film only grossed $7.7 million in North America and $47.3 million internationally. <mask> was featured on the track "Everglow", which was included in Coldplay's seventh studio album A Head Full of Dreams (2015). In June 2017, <mask> announced that she would take a break from acting to focus on her business Goop, stating: "I'm still going to do a little bit here and there, but [the company] really requires almost all of my time." In 2019, <mask> reprised her role as Pepper Potts in Avengers: Endgame. That same year, she played a supporting role in the Netflix comedy-drama series The Politician, playing the mother of Ben Platt's character.In October 2021, Netflix released Sex, Love, and Goop, a sex therapy-themed series produced by and starring <mask>. Other ventures

Philanthropy and politics
<mask> is a Save the Children artist ambassador, raising awareness about World Pneumonia Day. She is on the board of the Robin Hood Foundation, a charitable organization that works to alleviate poverty in New York City. In October 2014, she hosted a Democratic fundraiser attended by President Barack Obama at her private residence in Los Angeles. In May 2019, <mask> and actor Bradley Whitford hosted a fundraiser for Democratic presidential candidate Mayor Pete Buttigieg. In April 2020, <mask>, along with other celebrities, discussed the COVID-19 pandemic with Dr. Anthony Fauci on a one-hour-long zoom call. Fauci hoped the celebrities would use their social media "megaphones" to encourage proper precautions among their followers.Audiobooks
In 2009, <mask> narrated the audiobook The Brown Bear & Friends by Bill Martin Jr., the first of a series of children's audiobooks that she narrated. The Brown Bear & Friends audiobook earned <mask> a Grammy Award nomination for Best Spoken Word Album for Children. Since, she has also narrated Bill Martin's Brown Bear, Brown Bear, What Do You See?, Baby Bear, Baby Bear, What Do You See?, Panda Bear, Panda Bear, What Do You See?, and Polar Bear, Polar Bear, What Do You Hear?. Fashion

In May 2005, Paltrow became the face of Estée Lauder's Pleasures perfume. She appeared in Chicago on August 17, 2007, to sign bottles of the perfume, and on July 8, 2008, she promoted Lauder's Sensuous perfume in New York with the company's three other models. Estée Lauder donates a minimum of $500,000 of sales of items from the 'Pleasures Gwyneth Paltrow' collection to breast cancer research. In 2006, she became the face for Bean Pole International, a Korean fashion brand and in 2014, she partnered with Blo Blow Bar, teaming up with the brand's creative branch.Goop

In September 2008, <mask> launched the weekly lifestyle newsletter Goop, encouraging readers to 'nourish the inner aspect'. Goop has expanded into a web-based company, Goop.com. According to <mask>, the company's name came from someone telling her that successful internet companies have double O's in their name, and "is a nickname, like my name is G.P., so that is really where it came from. And I wanted it to be a word that means nothing and could mean anything." Goop has expanded into e-commerce, collaborating with fashion brands, launching pop-up shops, launching a wellness summit, a print magazine, a podcast, and a documentary series streamed on Netflix. Goop, and by extension Paltrow, have faced backlash for showcasing expensive products and promoting medically and scientifically impossible treatments, many of which have harmful consequences. The controversies have included vaginal steaming, the use of jade eggs, a dangerous coffee enema device, and "Body Vibes", wearable stickers that were claimed to "rebalance the energy frequency in our bodies" and which Goop falsely claimed were made of a NASA-developed material.Goop settled a lawsuit regarding the health claims it made over the jade eggs. Jill Avery, a brand analyst, has noted how Goop's response to criticism seems designed to "strengthen their brand and draw their customers closer", noting Goop's references to feminism, traditional Asian medicines and Eastern philosophies, and anti-establishment politics to do so. On January 24, 2020, Netflix released The Goop Lab, a documentary series. The 6-part show promotes Goop, and covers pseudoscientific topics in energy healing, the use of psychedelic drugs, cold therapy, anti-aging, mediumship, and female sexuality. Critics argued that granting Goop access to Netflix's platform was a "win for pseudoscience". Upon release of the first trailer, and again after the full six-episode series was available, the series sparked controversy concerning the medical and scientific misinformation it presented. On January 27, 2020, Truth in Advertising watchdog (TINA.org) filed a complaint with the district attorneys of California alleging that Goop has continued to engage in deceptive marketing.TINA.org's complaint alleges that Goop claims their products are "clinically-proven" to treat such symptoms as anxiety, depression, OCD and more. In January 2021, it was announced that <mask> was an early investor in Thirteen Lune, an e-commerce site focused on makeup, skincare, haircare and wellness products owned by people of color and ally brands. In April 2021, Goop became Thirteen Lune's first ally brand. Food

In October 2007, <mask> signed for the PBS television series Spain... on the Road Again, which showcases the food and culture of Spain. In 2008, <mask> co-wrote the book Spain... A Culinary Road Trip with Mario Batali. In 2011, she wrote a book titled My Father's Daughter: Delicious, Easy Recipes Celebrating Family and Togetherness. That same year she penned the book Notes From the Kitchen Table.Two years later she published a book titled It's All Good: Delicious Easy Recipes That Will Make You Look Good and Feel Great, which promoted an elimination diet that is unsupported by medical evidence. Included in that book was a recipe for avocado toast which was widely copied and adapted as part of a 2010s food trend. Also in 2013, <mask> wrote a foreword for a book by Ross Matthews, Man Up! Tales of My Delusional Self-Confidence. In 2016, <mask> published a cookbook: It's All Easy: Delicious Weekday Recipes for the Super-Busy Home Cook. Negative reaction by a group of scientist and science communication mothers to <mask>'s 2015 video pushing for mandatory labeling of food containing genetically modified organisms led to the creation of a documentary, Science Moms. The film is about mothers who advocate for science-based decision-making concerning the health and nutrition of children.In February 2021 it was reported that <mask> was suffering from long COVID, leaving her with "some long-tail fatigue and brain fog". She advocated treatments for it which involved a "ketogenic and plant-based" diet (with no sugar or alcohol), fasting until 11:00 every day and taking infrared saunas. This advice was criticized by NHS England's Professor Stephen Powis. Personal life
In 2004, <mask> practiced cupping therapy, attending a film premiere with bruises on her back. , <mask> practices Transcendental Meditation. While <mask> had previously smoked one cigarette a week,  she had cut down. In 2014, <mask>, whose father was Jewish, was reportedly planning to convert to Judaism.In 2017, <mask> revealed that during the filming of Emma (1996), producer Harvey Weinstein made unwanted sexual advances toward her. She confided in her then-fiancé Brad Pitt, who subsequently confronted the producer at an industry event. Weinstein later warned <mask> not to tell anyone else. She was, in 2017, a major source for an article written by The New York Times investigative journalists Jodi Kantor and Megan Twohey about Weinstein's alleged sexual misconduct. In January 2019, retired optometrist Terry Sanderson sued <mask> for $3.1 million, claiming that three years earlier she collided with him on a ski slope at Deer Valley Resort in Park City, Utah, causing him permanent traumatic brain injury. <mask> counter-sued Sanderson that February, claiming that he was the one who crashed into her. She sought a symbolic one dollar in damages, as well as repayment of her legal fees.<mask> has received backlash from the scientific community and medical professionals for promoting unproven treatments based on pseudoscience through her company Goop. Relationships and children
<mask> became engaged at age 24 to actor Brad Pitt, whom she dated from 1994 to 1997. They called off the engagement because, according to Paltrow, she was not ready for marriage. She has since said that, as this was her first high-profile relationship with another celebrity, it taught her the need for public discretion about her romantic life. <mask> began dating actor Ben Affleck in October 1997 after meeting at a Miramax dinner, and they later worked together on Shakespeare in Love (1998). Although they first split in January 1999, months later, <mask> persuaded Affleck to co-star with her in Bounce (2000) and they soon rekindled their relationship. They eventually broke up in October 2000.In 2015, <mask> said she and Affleck remain friends. In October 2002, <mask> met Chris Martin of the British band Coldplay backstage three weeks after the death of her father, <mask>, for which the Coldplay song "Fix You" was written to help Paltrow through her grief. They married in December 2003 in a ceremony at a hotel in Southern California. She was pregnant with their child at the time of their wedding. <mask> and Martin have two children together: a daughter named Apple Blythe Alison Martin, born May 14, 2004, and a son, Moses Martin, born April 8, 2006. Their son's name was inspired by a song Chris Martin wrote for Paltrow. Simon Pegg and Martin's bandmate Jonny Buckland are Apple's godfathers.<mask> cut down on work after becoming a mother. She also suffered from postpartum depression after the birth of her second child in 2006. In March 2014, <mask> announced that she and Martin had separated after ten years of marriage, describing the process as "conscious uncoupling." In her official announcement, <mask> had her doctor, Habib Sadeghi, and his dentist wife, Sherry Sami, explain Conscious Uncoupling. A "conscious uncoupling is the ability to understand that every irritation and argument [within a marriage] was a signal to look inside ourselves and identify a negative internal object that needed healing," Sadeghi explained. "From this perspective, there are no bad guys, just two people, it's about people as individuals, not just the relationship". In April 2015, <mask> filed for divorce, which was finalized on July 14, 2016.In 2014, <mask> began dating producer Brad Falchuk, whom she met on the set of Glee in 2010. The couple went public with their relationship in April 2015, and announced their engagement on January 8, 2018. Their marriage ceremony was held in September 2018 in the Hamptons on Long Island, New York. Awards and nominations

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Published works

 <mask>, <mask> (2019). The Clean Plate: Eat, Reset, Heal. Grand Central Life & Style. Sadeghi Habib – Author, <mask>, Gwyneth – Foreword

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Blessed <mask>, from <mask>; c. 1380 – January 1458) was the Archbishop of Bordeaux from 1430 until his abdication, during a pivotal time in the history of the city and of Gascony. During his tenure, the city of Bordeaux remained staunchly faithful to the King of England in the last phase of the Hundred Years' War, but the French took the city in 1451. Education and early career
<mask> was born in the hamlet of Saint-Raphael in the parish of Avensan in central Medoc. Though a peasant, he was educated early on by a retired local notary before moving to Bordeaux to continue his studies and enter the Church. He eventually enrolled in the University of Toulouse and received a bachelor's certificate in canon law. He was ordained at that point, though still young by the standards of the time, when most boys who entered the church put off priesthood until it was required by their office. He then caught the attention of Francesco Uguccione, the old Archbishop of Bordeaux (1384–1412), who drafted him to serve as his personal secretary.As a secretary of an influential diplomat and cardinal, <mask> travelled extensively in the early 15th century. In Autumn 1408 he accompanied Uguccione to England, where the cardinal sought to persuade the English to send a delegation to the Council of Pisa - then struggling to put an end to the Western Schism. From England, <mask> and Uguccione went to Italy, and in 1410 the archbishop rewarded <mask> with one of the canonries of the Cathedral of Saint-André, which included Bouliac opposite Bordeaux on the Garonne and the associate parishes of Quinsac and Lormont. In 1412 the two were in Florence when Uguccione died. <mask> supervised his burial and then went on a pilgrimage to the Holy Land, before returning once more to Bordeaux. In 1413 <mask> was rewarded post mortem by his old master when Antipope John XXIII, fulfilling a request by Uguccione that "his beloved servant" <mask> not be forgotten, granted the canon a prebend. He subsequently rose rapidly in the ecclesiastical ranks of Gascony and, in 1423, he was appointed by the regents of the young Henry VI to the Court of Sovereignty, a sort of appellate court, of Gascony, which sat in Bordeaux.In 1430 the archbishop David de Montferrand died and the cathedral chapter readily elected <mask> to replace him, which election was unhesitatingly confirmed by Pope Martin V.

Archiepiscopate

Patronage of building and learning
As archbishop, <mask> pursued several building projects. He had a new hospital constructed, dedicated to Saint Peter (Saint-Pierre) near Saint-Seurin. The bell tower built at Saint-André in 1440 is still called the Tour Pey Berland today, after its founder; it had been ordered by the chapter in 1429 but it took Berland to get construction underway. <mask> was also a patron of the education in his city. In 1441, after years of urging in the Papal curia, Bordeaux was granted its own studium generale, a precursor to the University of Bordeaux. In 1442, he founded a college in his birth town of Saint-Raphael. This college was a prototype of the later diocesan seminary and in Berland's day it trained twelve young men for the priesthood.<mask> bequeathed all his books to the college and he also created a fund to help purchase books for poor students at other institutions. Hundred Years' War
Politically, <mask> was resistant to French efforts to control Bordeaux and he strongly supported English sovereignty. While the French kings claimed ecclesiastical jurisdiction over Bordeaux by the Pragmatic Sanction of Bourges, <mask> rejected it. From 1434-51, his leadership was essential, as the mayor of the time, Gadifer Shorthose, was weak-willed and short-sighted. During that time <mask> did not deem it wise to leave his diocese; rather he sent a delegation to the Council of Basel. On 16 July 1442, Thomas Bekynton (Bishop of Bath and Wells), in the company of Robert Roos , arrived in Bordeaux as ambassadors of the English king. The next day they took letters from Henry VI promising aid, once they had had them translated, to <mask>, who read them from the pulpit the next day.The citizens were stirred to action to help defend their city while they awaited help from England. <mask> travelled to England on 26 July with letters from the ambassadors. He sent his physician back to Bordeaux in October, but he  remained in England for the twofold purpose of assuring the king of the loyalty of his Gascon subjects and of keeping the plight of the Bordelais on his mind. On 1 November 1450, a day remembered as La Male Journade ("the bad day") in Bordelais history, the citizens of Bordeaux, along with English men-at-arms and Gascon knights, sallied forth to defend the city from the encroaching armies of Amanieu of Orval, Poton de Xaintrailles, and Jean Bureau. The Gascon defenders were routed and many citizens lost heir lives. <mask> is said to have retreated into his chamber for two days to pray after seeing the mass of bodies being returned to the city. Bordeaux was forced to come to terms before a long siege began.On 12 June 1451, the Estates of Bordeaux, represented by <mask> <mask>, signed a treaty with the French, represented by Xaintrailles. On 30 June 1451, at a ceremony held in the cathedral, <mask> <mask> and the leading men of Bordeaux swore oaths of fealty to Charles VII of France and so the French, led by Dunois, in return recognised the privileges of Bordeaux. Relationship with the French
It is likely that the French pressured <mask> to renounce his bishopric in order that they could fill it with a more amenable Frenchman. On 7 December 1451, he made a public protest at the acts of the commission of the French seneschal of Guyenne. He ordered the commissary, Georges de Bassac, not to hold any further audiences under pain of excommunication or, probably worse, a fine. On 7 July 1452, <mask> took an oath at the altar of his church that he would never abandon or renounce his archbishopric and wished to die an archbishop. Nevertheless, he refrained from any anti-French activities for the duration of his episcopate and honoured his oath of 1451.In September 1456, <mask> <mask> finally did retire from his archdiocese. He moved to his hometown of Saint-Raphael, at the college he had founded there, and where he died in January 1458. References

Sources
Labarge, Margaret Wade. Gascony, England's First Colony 1204–1453. London: Hamish Hamilton, 1980. Vale, M. G. A. "The Last Years of English Gascony, 1451–1453: The Alexander Prize Essay."Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, 5th Ser., Vol. 19. (1969), pp. 119–138. 1380 births
1458 deaths
Gascons
Archbishops of Bordeaux
People of the Hundred Years' War
15th-century French Roman Catholic bishops
15th-century Christian saints
Medieval English saints
People from Gironde

masks:
Pey Berlandeyberland
Pierre Berland
Berland
Berland
Berland
Berland
Berland
Berland
Berland
Berland
Berland
Berland
Berland
Berland
Berland
Berland
Berland
Berland
Berland
Pey
Berland
Pey
Berland
Berland
Berland
Pey
Berland


title: Fravia

texts:
Francesco Vianello (30 August 1952 – 3 May 2009), better known by his nickname Fravia (sometimes +Fravia or Fravia+), was a software reverse engineer, who maintained a web archive of reverse engineering techniques and papers. He also worked on steganography. He taught on subjects such as data mining, anonymity and stalking. Vianello spoke six languages (including Latin) and had a degree in the history of the early Middle Ages. He was an expert in linguistics-related informatics. For five years he made available a large quantity of material related to reverse engineering through his website, which also hosted the advice of reverse engineering experts, known as reversers, who provided tutorials and essays on how to hack software code as well as advice related to the assembly and disassembly of applications, and software protection reversing. Vianello's web presence dates from 1995 when he first got involved in research related to  reverse code engineering (RCE).In 2000 he changed his focus and concentrated on advanced internet search methods and the reverse engineering of search engine code. His websites "www.fravia.com" and "www.searchlores.org" contained a large amount of specialised information related to data mining. His website "www.searchlores.org" has been called a "very useful instrument for searching the web", and his "www.fravia.com" site has been described as "required reading for any spy wanting to go beyond simple Google searches." There are still several mirrors of Fravia's old websites, even though the original domain names are no longer functional. The last mirror of Search Lores linked originally by Fravia directly from his website ("search.lores.eu") went offline in February 2020, but a new mirror came to existence later in 2020 at fravia.net. As Francesco Vianello
In the 1980s, he was a member of the Esteban Canal chess club in Venice, before moving to CES in Brussels. Graduated in history at the University of Venice in 1994, Vianello had a master's degree in history and philosophy in 1999.He was interested in studying the arts and humanities and was aiming to build a collective knowledge on the particular subject of learning and Web-searching as an art. He spoke six languages (including Latin). <mask> participated as a speaker in the 22nd Chaos Communication Congress. His lecture was on the subject of Hacking. As <mask>
Vianello was focusing on privacy and created the myth of Fjalar Ravia (aka fravia+, msre, Spini, Red Avenger, ~S~ Sustrugiel, Pellet, Ravia F.) as protection from hostile seekers. At least two distinct phases of his internet public work can be identified. The first, from 1995 (starting date of his internet presence) to 1999 was related to software reversing, software protection, decompiling, disassembling, and deep software code deconstruction.At those times the WDasm disassembler by Eric Grass,  which also included a debugger, was a popular download. The second, starting in 2000, where the first stage left off, was focused on an (apparently) entirely different field: Internet Knowledge search. In February 2001, Vianello made a conference at the École Polytechnique in Paris about "The art of information searching on today's Internet". He also presented his work "Wizard searching: reversing the commercial Web for fun and knowledge" at REcon 2005. First Period: Reverse Engineering ("Reality Cracking")
In the first period Vianello focused on reverse-engineering software protection, content copyright, and software patents. The steps for cracking software protection were in many cases published on his website, in the form of essays and Old Red Cracker's lessons. Vianello asked the community to remove from the web every copy of his old site (www.fravia.org - now a spam advertisement website), corresponding to this period, because "The idea was to convert young crackers [...] The experiment worked only in part, hence the decision a couple of years ago to freeze that site".Nevertheless, some mirrors still exist. The site has been  described as containing "useful tools and products". According to the 2001 ACM Multimedia Workshops of the Association for Computing Machinery, Vianello's website contained information which could assist hackers of a certain classification who were not skilled enough "to mount a new or novel attack". His website also analysed brute force attacks on steganography. This period included papers related to reality-cracking, i.e. the capacity of the seeker to decode the hidden facts behind appearance. Reverse engineering a legitimately bought program and studying or modifying its code for knowledge was claimed as legal by Vianello at least in the European Union under some restricted conditions.Second Period: Web Searching ("Search Lores")
The transition between the two phases occurred after realizing the growing importance of Internet search engines as tools to access information. According to his vision, access to information should not be restricted, and he was advocating for a true openness of web information contents. He strongly criticized the large amount of advertising on the Internet, which he considered as promoting unnecessary products to a population of naive consumers. Richard Stallman, in his web article "Ubuntu Spyware: What to do? ", mentions that it was Vianello who alerted him to the fact that performing a file search on a computer running Microsoft Windows would cause it to send a network packet to an Internet server, which was then detected by the  firewall in Vianello's computer. In the second stage of his work, Vianello explained how the content is currently structured on the world wide web and the difficulties of finding relevant information through search engines because of the growing number of ads, that search engines promote today. In 2005, Vianello was the keynote speaker at the T2 infosec conference.The subject of his speech was: "The Web - Bottomless Cornucopia and Immense Garbage Dump". +HCU
Vianello was a member of the so-called High Cracking University (+HCU), founded by Old Red Cracker to advance research into Reverse Code Engineering (RCE). The addition of the "+" sign in front of the nickname of a reverser signified membership in the +HCU. +HCU published a new reverse engineering problem annually and a small number of respondents with the best replies qualified for an undergraduate position at the "university". Vianello's website was known as "+Fravia's Pages of Reverse Engineering" and he used it to challenge programmers as well as the wider society to "reverse engineer" the "brainwashing of a corrupt and rampant materialism". In its heyday, his website received millions of visitors per year and its influence was described as "widespread". Nowadays most of the graduates of +HCU have migrated to Linux and few have remained as Windows reversers.The information at the university has been rediscovered by a new generation of researchers and practitioners of RCE who have started new research projects in the field. Legacy
Vianello has been described as an inspiration for many hackers and reversers, a friend of the founder of the CCC Wau Holland, and a motivation for Jon Lech Johansen to understand the inner workings of computer programs. Johansen commented in a blog post that Fravia's site was a goldmine during his education as a reverse engineer. In his later years, he moved from software reversing to free software and searching the web further. His website has been described as the meeting point of the people who wanted to search the web deeper still. In September 2008, Vianello stopped updating his site and holding conferences, after being diagnosed with and receiving treatment for squamous cell carcinoma of the tonsil, which metastasized. His site was frozen for several months but was updated again on 9 March 2009 while he was slowly recovering and focusing on Linux.He died suddenly on Sunday, 3 May 2009 at the age of 56. Published works
Francesco Vianello, Gli Unruochingi e la famiglia di Beggo conte di Parigi. (ricerche sull'alta aristocrazia carolingia) // Bollettino dell'Istituto storico italiano per il Medioevo 91 (1984). Francesco Vianello, Università di Padova, I mercanti di Chiavenna in età moderna visti dalla Terraferma veneta. Francesco Vianello,
Fravia (ed.) Annotation and exegesis of Origo Gentis Langobardorum. Notes and references

External links
An archive of Fravia's Searchlores (no longer updated)
Fravia's website (European mirror)
Fravia's Real Identity (European mirror)
Fravia's fake auto-biography (European mirror)
Fravia's farewell (April 2009) (European mirror)
Fravia at ccc congress 2005
Fravia at ccc congress 2002
Last known mirror of the original "reversing site"
Video of a Fravia conference presentation at Recon 2005 in Montreal
Video of a Fravia conference presentation at Recon 2006 in Montreal
I have seen the ICE age, by Malay
+Greythorne's Privacy Nexus (Fravia's Partner +gthorne)
Iczelion's Win32 Assembly Homepage

1952 births
2009 deaths
Deaths from cancer in Belgium
Italian computer programmers
Italian historians
Computer security specialists
20th-century historians

masks: Fravia Fravia