title: Kynan Robinson

texts:
<mask> is an Australian trombonist and composer. He is most commonly associated with jazz but also performs and composes in many other styles. Career
<mask> was born in Australia but spent his childhood in Bangladesh as a child of Christian missionary parents. They lived there for fifteen years and were the only white people in the village. He returned to Australia to complete high school. His career and accomplishments are remarkable in their own right but take on extra significance when one considers the breadth of fields he has excelled in. He is a composer and musician with a formidable record and reputation.His extensive, diverse and very well regarded and reviewed body of work, place him in a position of status and reputation with the Australian art scene. He received a bachelor's degree in music from the Victorian College of the Arts which he built on completing a Masters In Composition in 2010. <mask> formed a contemporary improvisation quintet named En Rusk performing his open original compositions. The band toured Australia a number of times. They recorded their debut self-titled CD in 2001 and in 2004 finished their second recording, 1000 Wide. In 2005 he formed The Escalators, which released an album entitled Wrapped in Plastic, compositions and concepts inspired by the films of David Lynch. He also established a reputation in electronic/techno/sample-based music.Continuing his recording and touring career mainly with the iconic and iconoclastic dance/performance act, Des Peres (originally known as Old Des Peres) and second with Hard Hat, a group that brings together electronic and acoustic musicians. Both acts toured Australia and internationally regularly performing at the largest summer festivals around Australia and internationally. Des Peres completed their debut album in 2004. The album was released through Flict/Shock. Their second album Ace Doubt was released in 2006 through Flit/MGM. Des Peres combines a theatrical stage approach with a sample-heavy sound. While playing with the band, <mask> adopts the name Old Des and works very with Luva DJ (<mask>) and Mr. Ection (visual artist and brother Kiron <mask>) as well as guitarist Tom Bass and Kelsey James.Their third album was entitled The Adventures of Cowboy and Miniman. His musical output and vast creativity is reflected in his ability to genre hop with seeming ease. In 2010 he formed co-led the groundbreaking Australian Jazz band  Collider, a band he co-leads with Melbourne saxophonist Adam Simmons. Combining a traditional jazz ensemble with orchestral and improvising string players the uniqueness of the ensembles sound couple with their outstandingly high-performance ability created the space <mask> needed to write and perform his most courageous and what many in the Australian media consider his most personal works. "Solo in Red" was a large form composition composed by <mask>, performed by Collider  and commissioned by the Melbourne Writers Festival. Its thematic material was drawn from  the writings of American novelist Cormac McCarthy. In particular his epic novel Blood Meridian.Beyond music the completed work also involved a highly technical and moving video work, a lighting design and narration with excerpts from the book narrated on stage. Solo in Red was released as an Audi recording at the same time then and also rebased a second album titled Words. With the majority of the music inspired by authors <mask> and Simmons had personal affinity to it was appropriately titled "Words". Over a 30-year career <mask> has toured and recorded with many of Melbourne and Australia's leading, musical innovators including C.W. Stoneking, Brian Brown, and the Melbourne Ska Orchestra, The Adam Simmons Toy Band, BucketRider, and countless more. He has composed music for jazz ensembles, dance productions, musical theatre, contemporary classical ensembles, and electronic dance acts and has had his compositions performed in festivals around the world. In 2001 he was a collaborative composer for Double Venturi, a collaborative piece involving musicians and funded by Arts Victoria.In 2004 he received funding through the Australia Council to compose a concert-length work for prepared piano and small ensemble that was premiered at the Wangaratta Festival of Jazz. He also has scored the music to six short films and has collaborated in numerous cross arts projects with visual artists including Kiron <mask>, Narinda Reevers, and Dave Macleod. <mask> has won three ARIA awards, considered Australis's top musical prize. Contribution to the Field of Education
Research - Complexity, Creativity, Identity

Beyond music he is considered one of Australia's leading voices in the field of systemic educational change. His doctoral thesis, titled Enabling Collective Creativity in Schools using Minecraft: Serious Play   framed learning and education within complexity thinking and is considered an important addition to contemporary Western Education. The unique approach <mask> took to every aspect of the research including the findings have been used as guideposts for how education might consider its move forward. Dr. Dennis Sumara  a leading researcher and writer in the fields of complexity thinking and education  wrote of <mask>'s work "<mask> <mask> has written an exceptional dissertation, one that challenges not only genre and form of the dissertation but also the very methods used by educational researchers.By combining expository, narrative and explicitly fictional text <mask> as author performs the very theories he is exploring. In so doing, both the written forms and the theoretical positions both undermine and exceed one another. It is a wholly unique presentation of both the process and products...I consider this work by <mask> to be an important contribution to the field of education. The work is unique, creative and, in important ways disruptive." Situated in complexity theory the thesis covered the broad area of creativity re-conceptualise creativity within Australian mainstream education, as being something that continually emerges from collective process. In doing so, many of the key characteristics of the Australian education system, were analysed for the role they played in enabling or hindering creativity within a school. Minecraft  was a key pedagogical tool used to filter this aspects through to reimagine them.The research was situated within a larger Australian Research Council funded linkage project, LP110200309, Serious play: Using digital games in school to promote literacy and learning in the twenty-first century (Beavis et al. 2011-2014). The data for <mask>'s research were generated from the narratives of 136 students, five teachers and a primary school situated in the inner suburbs of Melbourne. Their story revolves around a 10-week unit of work which saw the 136 students experientially leave this earth and inhabit another planet, Aurora 56Z. Aurora 56Z was located within the game Minecraft. Creativity was central to the work. <mask> re-conceptualised creativity within Australian mainstream education, shifting its definition away from an individual-centred perspective to a complexity-framed definition; something that is socially constructed and evident as emergent phenomenon rising from adaptive complex systems.In doing so, many of the key characteristics of the Australian education system, such as its complexity, its hierarchical systemic structure and also the minutiae that make up a school environment including curriculum, architecture, reflection practice and tools, and teaching and pedagogy, were analysed for the role they played in enabling or hindering creativity within a school. Complexity theory was fundamental to all aspects of this research project. It framed and shaped the design of both the thesis and the 10 week unit of work being studied. It was the binding lens through which data was extracted and analysed. Non-conventional methods of data collection included the Minecraft server and the student-produced Wiki. Both of these digital platforms became data repositories, holding and mapping the majority of the learning and teaching that happened before, during and after the 10 weeks allocated to this unit of work. In <mask>'s words - "I immersed myself in the world of the students, teachers and school as I wrote this thesis, leading to the development of my exploratory and practice led approach to the data analysis.In the process of analysing the server data I wrote a novel, set on Aurora 56Z, casting the young people as the characters and the ‘ruins’ of the server as the setting. This immersion in the world, and reinterpretation of the stagnant server into a lively text based upon what I found on the server and the students’ Wiki pages, helped me to understand more deeply the creative learning process of the curriculum unit." While the type and scale were unique, this method of data generation and analysis does build upon the limited literature on post-qualitative method. In doing so, it offers a different way to think about methodology. The findings of this study included:

1. Situating pedagogies framed in complexity have limited scope in the current discourse around mainstream Australian education. 2.There is a role for pedagogies that arise out of new and conflicting discourses (e.g., complexity theory). Its place and role are one of continual ‘deterritorialization and reterritorialization’ (Deleuze & Guattari 1987; Roy 2003). Despite existing only on the edge of the discourse, their mere existence is evidence of the potential for change. 3. Digital games based on complexity, such as the MMO game Minecraft, have a place in education and are enablers of systemic creativity. 4. The students in the study were developing new and previously unnamed multithreaded identities through their complex game design and play.<mask> labelled this new form of identity Vellooming. The conclusions revealed throughout have enriched future theorisation about the use of new pedagogies framed in complexity, the ‘how’ and ‘why’ of education, and the use of Massively Multiplayer Online (MMO) games such as Minecraft. The research also added to the small but growing knowledge base of research methodologies framed in complexity, providing a viable and visible account of how to work with key concepts of postmodern emergence. A Velloming Identity
"<mask> described a Vellooming Identity as one that that is in a state of constant shifting, never still, and constantly emerging. Vellooming is a fictional word used to describe the experience many children have when they join the online world. It is a form of transportation, movement, and exploration. It can be free of the bounds of time, space, and gravity, and instead is multidimensional.This research argues for a new form of identity made possible by the digital world. I have named it a Vellooming identity." "A rudimentary understanding and simplistic description of Vellooming would be to describe it as the ability to...or the act of...travelling across, to, and from multiple Structures—to change Looms." The frame to understand a Vellooming identity is poststructuralism. A vellooming identity might be seen as conceptually similar to Deleuze's ideas of identities of 'nomadic thought' and his use of the rhizome. There are also commonalities in Foucault's Theory of Discourse  in that when describing a Vellooming identity <mask> rejects the idea of the self as an absolute, rather viewing it as a controlling agent of power created by Reductionism. Where <mask>'s Vellooming Identity moves forward from Deleuze's and Foucault's positions is where he finds  links to the connected web.A Vellooming identity is not linked to time but rather other, and in the idea of continually becoming other. His doctoral thesis and publications since have also demanded for a new understanding of what learning is and offered a redefining of creativity. <mask> redefines creativity as a continual, collective experience. In this he shifts significantly from the standard reductionist and modernist definitions. In their framing identity is intrinsically tied to the idea of the individual and it is measurable e.g. he or she is creative, he.. less so. In these framings it is also often presented as a trait that one might process.The reductionist definition embraces the identity of the creative genius as the to measure of creativity. Comparatively, in <mask>'s understanding phrases such as emergence and continual becoming as metaphors for this new definition. By doing so he links it to the Vellooming identity. The Vellooming Identity and Collective Creativity as emergence have strong parallels to similar emerging identities he speaks of often in his work, identities of Continually Becoming Other. His redefining of creativity linked to the naming of a new form of identity has opened up new possibilities in the space of learning, knowledge and formal education. Business
In 2020 <mask> founded the Global Consultancy firm EnRusk. It was with this organisation that <mask>  began to enact the theoretical ideas alongside the processes and tools he had developed over a lifetime of study and creation.The firm's focus was always complete, systemic, global educational reform. <mask> believed the change went beyond education to what he referred to as a global mindset. He is committed to help shift the global mindset away from the dominant reductionist mindset to a connected one nested in Complexity. Robinson company was formed to enact this change and in that the resultant ways of being and doing. Increased connectivity, collective learning and collective creativity are at the heart of both the theoretical frame and the work that results. At its heart his work rejects Reductionism and replaces it with a world view that embraces ambiguity continual change and continual creativity. Again, the idea of the self is non existent in this theoretical space replaced with an identity of continual becoming other.His achievements and creations across every field he works is be that music, education, commerce and technology have always displayed this mindset and have been tools of communication for <mask>. In 2010 he was recognised and awarded with the ICTEV Educational Leader of the Year Award. He is considered a leader in the field of Complexity Thinking as it relates to Education and the Arts. Discography

As leader
 En Rusk (Newmarket Music) 2001
 En Rusk – 1000 Wide (Newmarket Music) 2003
 Old Des Peres – Preserved (Flict/Shock) 2004
 Des Peres – Ace Doubt (Flict/MGM)2006
 Des Peres – The Adventures of Cowboy and Miniman (House of Pow/Amphead)2008
 The Escalators – Wrapped in Plastic (Jazz Head)
 Collider – Words (House of Pow)
 Collider – Solo In Red (House of Pow)

As sideman
 Adam Simmons Toy Band – Happy Jacket
 Melbourne Acid Techno (Dark Matter Records)
 Sample Synthesis 4 and 5 (Clan Analogue Records)
 Paul Colman Trio – Turn (Control Records)
 Matt Fagan
 Malone – This is it (Cavalier Music)
 The Mavis's – Throwing Little Stones (FMR)
 City City City (Remote Control Records)
 Skazz of Melbourne
 5+2 Ensemble – Invisible Cities and other Works (Rufus)
 C.W. Stoneking – Jungle Blues
 Melbourne Ska Orchestra

Remixes
 Machine Translations (Spunk)

Film scores
 The Only Person in the World – Ben Chessell
 3 Weeks in Koh Samui - Alistair Reid
 From The Top – Alistair Reid
 Is God a DJ – Ben Chessell

Installations
 Double Venturi – Collaborative composition with Garth Paine 2001
 The Slow Burn – Collaborative composition with Erik Griswold 2004

Grants and awards
 Australia Council Promotion and Presentation (En Rusk Recording) 2004
 Australia Council New Works 2005
 Arts Victoria Music for the Future Recording (Des Peres) 2005
 Arts Victoria Music For The Future Touring (Des Peres) 2005
 D.C.I.T.A. Touring (Des Peres) 2005

References

7. O'Mara, J. and Robinson, K., 2017.Mining the Cli-Fi world: renegotiating the curriculum using Minecraft. Serious play: literacy, learning and digital games, pp. 114–131. 8. <mask>, K., 2014. Games, Problem Based Learning and Minecraft. The Journal of Digital Learning and Teaching Victoria, 1(1), pp.32–45. <mask>, K., 2014. Games, Problem Based Learning and Minecraft. The Journal of Digital Learning and Teaching Victoria, 1(1), pp. 32–45. External links
 Official website

Living people
Australian jazz trombonists
21st-century trombonists
Year of birth missing (living people)

masks:
Kynan Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Michelle Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Kynan
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson


title: Fu Wenjun

type: original

texts:
<mask> (Chinese: 傅文俊; pinyin: Fù Wénjùn, born 1955) graduated from Sichuan Fine Arts Institute. He is a contemporary artist who works on photography, digital art, installation art, sculpture and oil painting. Currently he lives and works at Chongqing. He has developed his concept and practices of “Digital Pictorial Photography” art style. Main exhibitions

Main solo exhibitions
2010: Spirit Icon, Old Summer Palace, Beijing. 2010: Story of Two Parks, Chongqing Library, Chongqing. 2010: Show of Formality II, Move the Old Summer Palace 1400 km South, Fei Contemporary Art Center, Shanghai.2010: Show of Formality, <mask>'s Photographic Exhibition of Historical Concept, Today Art Museum, Beijing. 2013: Thought Reading, Fu Wenjun Conceptual Photography Exhibition, Miami, FL. 2014: Conceptual photographic show of Illusory Metamorphoses grass cloth collection, Miami, FL. 2015: Photographic Narrative, <mask>'s Conceptual Photography Solo Exhibition. United Nations Headquarters, New York City, FL. 2015: 迷思之像Thoughtful images. Guangdong Museum of Art, Guangzhou; 1–14 October 2015.2017: Harmony in Diversity <mask>'s Digital Painting Photography Exhibition. National Art Museum of China, Beijing, China. 2017: Introspection of Soul Artistic Expression in the Digital Pictorial Photography of Wenjun Fu. Museu Europeu d'Art Modern, Barcelona, Spain
2018:"Is It Photography – Fu Wenjun Digital Pictorial Photography Solo Exhibition", Dairy Arts Center, Boulder, USA
2019:"Digital Brush: The Photographic Process of <mask> Wenjun", The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
2019 "Again Enter the Scene --- Fu Wenjun Digital Pictorial Photography Exhibition", Chongqing Art Museum, Chongqing, China. Main collective exhibitions
2009: 36th Rendez Vous a Paris, the Grand Palais des Champs-Elysées and Musée du Louvre, Paris. 2009: 35th Japan AJAC Yokohama International Overseas Artists Exhibition, Yokohama Art Museum, Yokohama. 2010: Salon des Indépendants, the Grand Palais des Champs-Elysées, Paris.2010: Welding, International Tour Exhibition of the Chinese Contemporary Art in the first ten years of the 21st Century, Gemeentemuseum Den Haag, the Hague. 2012: Conceptual Renewal: A Short History of Chinese Contemporary Photography, Si Shang Art Museum, Beijing
2013: International Heritage Show, Carrousels du Louvre, Paris. 2013: Voice of the Unseen Chinese Independent Art 1979/Today, collateral exhibition of Venice Art Biennale 2013, Venice. 2014: Tour Eiffel La Grande Exposition Universelle, Paris, France. 2014: 2nd International Biennial of Contemporary Art in Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina. 2014: Art Palm Beach, Palm Beach, Florida, USA. 2015: XVIII Bienal de Cerveira, Cerveira, Portugal.2015: Nord Art 2015, Büdelsdorf, Germany. 2015: Milan Image Art Fair (MIA), Milan, Italy. 2015: X Florence Biennale, Florence (Italy)
2015: 1st Asia Biennial/5th Guangzhou Triennial, Guangzhou (China)
2016 11th Rome International Biennale of Art, Rome, Italy. By blending elements of other artistic media into the process, he creates a brand-new form of aesthetic pleasure. <mask> embraces a range of art forms, combining them into unique and monumental works that reach beyond the mere act of recording a photographic image. His work brings together the practical aspect of photography with the aesthetic nature of other forms of visual arts. By demonstrating the complementary relationship of photographs and other modes of artistic practice, <mask> transforms what may seem to be an inaccessible message into a highly approachable concept that can trigger critical thought about history and humanity.Thoughtful Images 2014-2015 - <mask> tells us, through idiomatic images, about questions which are as old as human species. Doubts and realities which grip mankind since ancient times, but which are at the same time really actual reality, a reality proved by using arcane signs, violently projected and sounded out, but still preserving integrity. We are talking about signs which are impressed in the general unconscious. That means that, beyond their historical value, they own an absolute and unconscious existence, innately associated to a concept, also in the unspoilt minds. Pick at Random 2012 – The symbols of various cultures are juxtaposed, in order to create new meanings by making use of different art languages from different times and places. Totem 2012 – Through the use of the newest multimedia montage, the visual effect of this work is extreme. The multimedia artistic language makes the work's display and its transmission different from the medium itself, so the perceived relationship between the subjective viewer and the objective photography is changed.---Luo Yiping, Curator of the Guangdong Museum of Art

Story of Expo Park 2013 – In 1900, the Eight-Nation Alliance (the United Kingdom, Russia, Germany, France, the United States, Japan, Italy and Austria) invaded China, leading to the tragedy that happened at the Summer Palace. After more than one hundred years, they came again to China and built their national pavilions in Shanghai Expo Park. In this work, the ruins of the Summer Palace are juxtaposed with their national pavilions; the open notebook seems like a history book, recording and telling the great changes in its history. It shows that China has released the heavy cultural burden, has formed a new national and cultural attitude of self-confidence due to the contact with the new world. Thought Reading 2010–2011 – The radiography technology is used to imitate the human body's skull image, in order to present ideas in the human head. Buddhist sculptures take the place of the contents of the brain tissue, which makes the work present the superposition of the fictional with the authentic. Echo 2009 – In this work, the Chinese national emblem is added to photos of obsolete buildings and industrial installations, with speckled colors.This refers to the disappearance of the cultural subjectivity under the control of national authoritarianism in the industrial civilization. A Wind from Yesterday 2016-2017 - In the series A Wind from Yesterday, <mask> superposes the images of a page made from woodblock printing in Song Dynasty and the euphrates poplar, leading the nature and the civilization to set each other off beautifully. Both of the two objects have gone through the test of a long time, so as symbols of time can evoke people's nostalgia towards the ancient era. The works embody a taste that is very close to the “classic elegance” proposed by the modern Chinese scholar Wang Guowei. This scholar regarded the “classic elegance” as a very special interest in the Chinese aesthetics. A Wind from Yesterday represents one of the few photography works that can give expression to this Chinese aesthetic spirit. (By Peng Feng, Professor at Peking University School of Arts and curator of the Chinese Pavilion at the 54th Biennale di Venezia)

Harmony in Diversity 2016-2017 - Harmony in Diversity can be seen as a variant of A Wind from Yesterday, in which <mask> replaced the Euphrates poplar with the superposition of Western classic sculptures and Chinese ancient paintings.Then the dialogue between nature and civilization has developed into the dialogue between Chinese and Western culture. It is evident that they represent two completely different aesthetic ideals: the Western sculptures pursue a perfect form, while the Chinese paintings adore a light and intangible spirit. But with the superposition processed by <mask>, they do not appear to be inharmonious. In his own special way, the artist interprets the harmony in diversity, which represents a wisdom contributing to the continuous development of Chinese civilization and can untie the hard knot of culture diversity and clash of civilizations. (By Peng Feng, Professor at Peking University School of Arts and curator of the Chinese Pavilion at the 54th Biennale di Venezia)

Collection
His artworks are collected by Museu Europeu d'Art Modern, National Art Museum of China, Today Art Museum, University Museum and Art Gallery The University of Hong Kong， the Old Summer Palace Museum, Tokyo Metropolitan Art Museum, Kennedy Family, World Council of Peoples for the United Nations, Dazu Grotto Museum, Chongqing Art Museum, Guangdong Museum of Art, Société Nationale des Beaux Arts of France, Egypt Ahmed Shawki Museum and other significant organizations and collectors. References

External links
 <mask>’s Website
 of Acclaimed Chinese Artist <mask> with American Writer Stacy Conde
 Voice of the Unseen
 Nordart 2015
 China Daily: When photographs look like paintings
 China Daily: Artist explores abstract concepts to create 3D sculptures

1955 births
Living people
Painters from Chongqing
Sichuan Fine Arts Institute alumni
Chinese contemporary artists
Chinese photographers

masks:
Fu Wenjun
Fu Wenjun
Fu Wenjun
Fu Wenjun
Fu
Fu Wenjun
Fu Wenjun
Fu Wenjun
Fu Wenjun
Fu Wenjun
Wenjun
Fu Wenjun
Fu Wenjun


title: Heather Higgins

texts:
<mask> (born September 21, 1959) is an American businesswoman, political commentator, and non-profit sector executive. She is the CEO of Independent Women's Voice and chairman of its sister organization, Independent Women's Forum. <mask> has been associated with a number of different political and policy organizations. These range from non-profit, non-partisan organizations like the Council on Foreign Relations to those with more pronounced conservative political affinities, such as the Hoover Institute, National Empowerment Television network, and Irving Kristol's The Public Interest. Personal background
Born in Atlanta, Georgia and raised in Manhattan, New York City, <mask> began her undergraduate studies in 1977 at Wellesley College. She graduated cum laude from Wellesley in 1981, earning a B.A. She then moved back to New York City and enrolled in the M.B.A. finance program at New York University's graduate school of business.After leaving NYU for several years to work as a research analyst, marketer, and portfolio manager at a small firm, she resumed her studies there in 1986 and was awarded her graduate degree in 1987. She currently lives in Manhattan with her husband James and their three children. Journalist and commentator
In the 1980s, <mask> began writing editorial columns for the Wall Street Journal. During this time, she also became an assistant editor at Irving Kristol's now-defunct quarterly, The Public Interest. <mask>' editorial writing and policy work have led to appearances on a variety of news/commentary programs, including Hardball with Chris Matthews, Politically Incorrect, Real Time with Bill Maher, Crossfire, Equal Time and Good Morning America. With Newt Gingrich, she co-hosted The Progress Report on the now-defunct National Empowerment Television. When asked about <mask>' television appearances, Bill Maher said, "Oh God, she could talk about anything."<mask> was co-editor of The Quotable Paul Johnson (1994), a book of collected quotations from the popular historian. Investment career
Before <mask>' 1991 entry into the non-profit sector, she worked as a Wall Street portfolio manager for seven years, eventually attaining the position of vice president of U.S. Trust before it became a subsidiary of the Charles Schwab Corporation. On February 3, 2006, she was elected to be a Director and Trustee of sixteen of UBS's registered investment companies, which consisted of thirty-six mutual funds as of January 2007. Non-profit roles and policy work
<mask> has been heavily involved with non-profit organizations. She is chairman and CEO of Independent Women's Voice, a 501(c)(4) social welfare organization, chairman of the Independent Women's Forum, co-founder of the Alliance For Charitable Reform, and has been president and director of New York's Randolph Foundation since 1991. She was also the executive director of the Council on Culture & Community. In addition to helming the above organizations, <mask>' non-profit experience includes her position on the executive committee of the board of overseers for the Hoover Institution and her membership in the Council on Foreign Relations.She is also a trustee of the Committee for Economic Development, vice-chairman of the Washington, D.C.-based Philanthropy Roundtable and a former member of the W.H. Brady Foundation's board of directors. In November 2013, Campaigns & Elections named <mask> to their list of top fifty political influencers to watch in 2014. Responses to 2010 special elections
After Republican Scott Brown defeated Democrat Martha Coakley in the special election to select Ted Kennedy's successor, Independent Women's Voice commissioned a survey which <mask> cited as demonstrating that voters were motivated by the potential impact that the election was perceived as playing in healthcare reform and other national policy debates. <mask> also reported that the survey showed that, "while women overall voted 53%–45% for Coakley, Independent women voted 67%–33% for Brown. Given an option between reducing taxes and regulations on small business or increasing government spending, 51% preferred tax cuts while 30% chose infrastructure." In the May 2010 special House election in Hawaii's 2nd congressional district, Independent Women's Voice ran advertisements critical of former Democratic Congressman Ed Case.The advertisements asserted that Case "had voted to raise taxes 72 times and had received failing grades from anti-pork barrel spending groups such as the National Taxpayers Union." According to Politico, the group spent "more than $200,000" on the anti-Case advertising campaign. Federal Election Commission filings indicate that the organization spent $237,500 on the effort as of early May 2010. ACR advocacy for private foundations
In a letter published in The Hill, <mask> and fellow Alliance for Charitable Reform co-founder Dan Peters responded to discussion of legislative regulatory proposals, saying that, "ACR believes that every dollar of tax increases on foundations is to the federal government rather than a dollar to charities, and the ACR is troubled by that notion.... We cannot adopt a one-size-fits-all solution that disadvantages smaller organizations. We must do everything possible to encourage philanthropy and not create barriers to charitable giving." Political views
Columnist Suzanne Fields, in an article discussing <mask> and IWF co-founder Lisa Schiffren, states that they "are mothers and relate to women who are not ideologically doctrinaire, but who are instinctively conservative on war and taxes." In an interview with the Acton Institute, <mask> expressed her fundamental opposition to government social programs insofar as they compete with or replace private charities, stating,

In her review of Thomas DiLorenzo and James T. Bennett's book Unhealthy Charities: Hazardous to Your Health and Wealth, which examines the operation of health charities, <mask> argues that,

George magazine published an article in its 1995 first issue, entitled "The Heather Report," in which <mask>' views were summarized as "essentially libertarian," and in agreement with the idea that "Centralized government will matter less and less.... We are in the midst of a 'great shift' from 'elitist to populist,' from a machine 'which is controlled and planned' to an organic system that, 'following this new paradigm, has faith in people, faith in their capacities, faith in their choices.'"<mask> was characterized as a link between the "wide-eyed" academic community and "flinty" political practitioners. In a 1995 Wall Street Journal column, Paul Gigot described <mask> as an "idea broker," explaining that she prefers not to be associated with political parties. Gigot included a quotation from her, in which she stated, "I am not really interested in a party.... If the Democrats had really been New Democrats, that would have been great. If these Republicans become Old Republicans, they'll lose me too." William Galston, a senior domestic policy adviser in the Clinton administration, said, "I see <mask> as an intellectual and policy entrepreneur with some real moral commitments.... I don't see her as a sharply partisan figure, certainly not in the way she deals with people."See also
 Independent Women's Forum
 Philanthropy Roundtable
 Randolph Foundation

References

External links
 "Death by Bureaucracy," Wall Street Journal by <mask><mask>, April 4, 2005
 Profile of <mask><mask>, Independent Women's Forum

1959 births
American financial businesspeople
American women's rights activists
American libertarians
Living people
New York University alumni
Wellesley College alumni
Businesspeople from New York City
Businesspeople from Atlanta
People from Manhattan

masks:
Heather Richardson Higgins
Higgins
Higgins
Higgins
Higgins
Higgins
Higgins
Higgins
Higgins
Higgins
Higgins
Higgins
Higgins
Higgins
Higgins
Higgins
Higgins
Higgins
Higgins
Higgins
Heather
Heather R
. Higgins
Heather R
. Higgins


title: Simon Stålenhag

texts:
<mask> (born 20 January 1984) is a Swedish artist, musician, and designer specialising in retro-futuristic digital images focused on nostalgic Swedish countryside alternate history environments. The settings of his artwork have formed the basis for the 2020 Amazon television drama series Tales from the Loop. Artwork
Stålenhag grew up in a rural environment near Stockholm, and began illustrating local landscapes at a young age. He was inspired by different artists, including Lars Jonsson. Stålenhag experimented with science fiction artwork after discovering concept artists such as Ralph McQuarrie and Syd Mead; initially, this body of work was done as a side project, without any planning behind it. Thematically, his work often combines his childhood with themes from sci-fi movies, resulting in a stereotypical Swedish landscape with a neofuturistic bent. According to Stålenhag, this focus originates from his perceived lack of connection with adulthood, with the science fiction elements being added in part to draw audience attention and partly to influence the work's mood.These ideas result in a body of work that can feature giant robots and megastructures alongside regular Swedish items like Volvo and Saab cars. As his work has evolved, Stålenhag has created a backstory for it, focused around a governmental underground facility. In parallel with the real-life decline of the Swedish welfare state, large machines slowly fail, and the eventual result of this remains a mystery. In a 2013 interview with The Verge, Stålenhag said, "The only difference in the world of my art and our world is that ... ever since the early 20th century, attitudes and budgets were much more in favour of science and technology." Outside of his usual canon, Stålenhag also drew 28 pictures of dinosaurs for the Swedish Museum of Natural History's prehistoric exhibits after he rediscovered his childhood interest in the creatures, and contacted the museum to see if he could do anything. In 2016, he followed this with pictures of hypothetical results of a rising ocean under climate change for Stockholm University's Resilience Centre. He also did some promotional artwork for the sci-fi video game No Man's Sky.Stålenhag uses a Wacom tablet and computer for his work, which is designed to resemble oil painting. Initially, he attempted to use various physical media to mimic a more traditional style, including gouache. Even after switching to digital methods, he has stated that he puts "a lot of effort into making the digital brushes behave naturally and preserve a certain amount of 'handwriting' in the brush strokes." The majority of his work is based on pre-existing photographs that he takes; these are then used as a starting point for a number of rough sketches before the final work is completed. Books
Most of Stålenhag's artwork was initially available online, before later being released for sale as prints. Since then, it has been turned into two narrative art books: Tales from the Loop (Swedish Ur Varselklotet) in 2014 and Things from the Flood (Swedish Flodskörden) in 2016. Both focus on the construction of a supermassive particle accelerator called the Loop.More recently, Stålenhag has covered the western United States in a third artbook, The Electric State, which was also crowdfunded via Kickstarter. It is centered around a girl and her robotic companion traversing the fictional state of Pacifica. Simon & Schuster published the UK edition in September 2018, and Skybound Books published a North American edition the following month. The Electric State (the Simon & Schuster edition) was one out of six finalists for the Arthur C. Clarke Award in 2019. Also in 2019, the Skybound edition was shortlisted for the Art Book category of the Locus Award. Stålenhag's fourth art book, The Labyrinth, was announced in late 2020. As with his previous books, a crowdfunding campaign was run on Kickstarter to fund its printing and distribution.Adaptations
In 2016, a Kickstarter campaign was launched to fund a tabletop role-playing game called Tales from the Loop, based on the book of the same name; Set in the 1980s and either the United States or Sweden, players roleplay as a group of teenagers dealing with the impact of the Loop; this focus on nostalgia and young protagonists meant multiple media outlets compared it to the TV series Stranger Things. Different classes of characters are equivalent to stereotypical childhood roles, for example, "Jock", "Bookworm", or "Computer Geek". An English-language television series, Tales from the Loop, produced by Amazon Studios in conjunction with Fox 21 Television Studios, Indio Film, and 6th & Idaho Moving for Amazon Prime, was released in its entirety on 3 April 2020, and adapts elements from Stålenhag's narrative art books. The initial season comprises eight episodes of 50–57 minutes each. All screenplays were written by Nathaniel Halpern, while each episode had a unique director from a diverse pool, including Mark Romanek, Andrew Stanton, and Jodie Foster. The movie rights for The Electric State were sold to the Russo brothers in 2017, and the plans were most recently confirmed in 2019. Slated to direct and produce are It: Chapter One and Chapter Two creators Andy Muschietti and Barbara Muschietti, respectively.Other work
As part of the crowdfunding campaign for The Electric State, Stålenhag produced and released an electronic music album with the same title as a backer goal. In 2018, he released his second album, Music for DOS, containing ambient music authored using old keyboards and the Impulse Tracker software package. Additionally, Stålenhag has been involved in a variety of advertisements, films, and video games. This includes his work on the platform game Ripple Dot Zero in collaboration with Tommy Salomonsson. References

External links

Living people
Artists from Stockholm
21st-century Swedish musicians
Swedish designers
21st-century Swedish painters
21st-century male artists
Swedish landscape painters
Swedish illustrators
Mechanical designers (mecha)
Digital artists
Science fiction artists
Swedish speculative fiction artists
Swedish alternate history
American alternate history
Retrofuturism
Dinosaurs in popular culture
1984 births


title: Allu Ramalingaiah

texts:
<mask> (1 October 1922 – 31 July 2004) was an Indian Telugu comedian  from Palakollu who appeared in over 1000 Tollywood films. Film career
<mask> began his film career in 1953 with Puttillu and his last film Jai was in the year before his death. He was awarded the Padma Shri in 1990 by the Government of India, and received the Raghupathi Venkaiah Award in 2001. <mask> played memorable roles in classics such as Mayabazar (as one of the Sarma-Sastry duo), Missamma, Muthyala Muggu, Sankarabharanam (his speech preceding the song "Dorakunaa Ituvanti Seva" commenting on the downfall of modern-day music, and the scene where he admonishes Somayajulu), Saptapadi, Yamagola ("Taalamu vesitini, gollemu marachitini! "), and numerous movies of the 80s, where he played a soft and unhated villain with the likes of Raogopal Rao and Nagabhushanam. His comedic timing and his nasal voice distinguished his many comic performances. Other undertakings
 <mask> was also a homoeopathic doctor and a freedom fighter.He was arrested by the British colonial police during Quit India Movement. He was featured in dramas with Praja Natya Mandali before joining films and was awarded the title "Hasya Kala Prapoorna" by Nritya Kala Mandali. His social service and concern for others can be seen in his active support of the Chiranjeevi Charitable Trust. Posthumously, he had his eyes donated to the Chiranjeevi Eye Bank. Awards
 Raghupathi Venkaiah Award in the year 2001. Padma Shri award by Government of India for his outstanding contribution to Telugu cinema as a comedy actor for the year 1990. He is the second awardee of Padmashri after Relangi in 1970.

masks:
Allu Ramalingaiah
Allu
Allu
Allu Ramalingiah


title: Alexander Nikolaevich Golitsyn

texts:
<mask>ich Golitsyn (December 19, 1773 – December 4, 1844) was a statesman of the Russian Empire, in 1803–1816 he served as Chief Prosecutor, and in 1816–1824 he served as Minister of Education, an Active Privy Councilor of the 1st Class (1841). The confidant of <mask>, who until the end of his life treasured him with "closeness and advice". Origin and youth

The only son of the captain of the guard, Prince Nikolai Sergeyevich Golitsyn (Alekseevich line), from his third marriage with Alexandra Alexandrovna Khitrovo (1736–1796), the grandson of the Moscow governor <mask> (1695–1758). Widowed two weeks after the birth of her son, the mother in 1776 married retired Major Mikhail Kologrivov. She treated her son strictly and coldly, but the influential court lady Marya Perekusikhina fell in love with the "funny and pungent" boy and, by order of Catherine II, in 1783 he was enrolled in the Page Corps moving from Moscow to Saint Petersburg. The main focus was on teaching secular communication, French, fencing, dancing and horseback riding. Thus, from infancy, Prince Golitsyn had access to the courtyard, where at first it was valued as a participant in the children's games of the Grand Dukes – <mask> and Constantine, and then – as a witty and clever gentleman.His brother (by father) Mikhail Golitsyn, who took the place of the Yaroslavl governor, built the estate of Karabikha (now a museum-reserve) under the city. Another brother (by mother), Dmitry Kologrivov, accompanied the undersized prince Golitsyn in his mischief. Both brothers very skillfully imitated the manners and reprimand of others. Count Fyodor Tolstoy wrote:

Career
After graduating from the Page Corps in 1794, he was received as the lieutenant in the Preobrazhensky Regiment. But a year later he returned to the court and became a chamber junker of the small court of Grand Duke <mask>ich, and in 1796 he was transferred to the large imperial court. In 1799 he received the rank of chamberlain and in the same year became commander of the Order of Saint John of Jerusalem. He was expelled from Saint Petersburg by Emperor Paul I in the same year for an unknown reason.After the accession to the throne of <mask> I, Prince Golitsyn, as a person close to him, was appointed first as Chief Prosecutor of the I and later III Departments of the Senate, and then on October 21, 1803, at the insistence of the emperor, assumed the post of Chief Prosecutor of the Holy Synod. In 1810, while maintaining his former position, he became the head of the foreign confessions, in 1816 – the Minister of Education. Partly under the influence of Rodion Koshelev, this Epicurean and Volterian of Catherine's training, elected in 1806 as a member of the Russian Academy, turned to piety with a pronounced sentimental-mystical color. He easily undertook to explain to the emperor the most complex theological questions, although he knew the history of religion superficially and considered true Christianity "foggy sentimental pietism mixed with Orthodox dogmas, various heretical and sectarian teachings". Moscow Metropolitan Philaret recalled:

Having proclaimed piety as the foundation of true enlightenment, Golitsyn headed for the clericalization of education, which under his leadership was zealously pursued by Mikhail Magnitsky and Dmitry Runich. He was suspicious of contemporary literature, which was expressed in the extreme censorship. After in 1817 the departments of spiritual affairs and public education were merged into one ministry – the Ministry of Spiritual Affairs and Public Education – Golitsyn became the head of the latter, but was relieved of the post of Chief Prosecutor.Since 1810, <mask> was a member of the Council of State, and during 1839–1841 – Chairman of General Meetings. He was one of the few to whom the secret of the abdication of Konstantin Pavlovich was entrusted. He headed the Philanthropic Society, took part in the organization of the Guardians of Prisons Society and other philanthropic endeavors. In addition to the reform of theological schools, the establishment of the Russian Bible Society took place under Prince Golitsyn, which, under the presidency of the prince, translated the Bible into Russian and distributed more than 400,000 copies of it. The employees of this society, Popov, Magnitsky, Runich, and Cavelin, were appointed by Golitsyn to direct higher education, where they instilled clericalism; many professors were fired for lack of piety. Magnitsky demanded to completely close Kazan University ward to him. Although it was customary to associate the triumph of reaction with finding Golitsyn at the helm of the ministry, it was with him that the Saint Petersburg University and the Richelieu Lyceum were established.On August 9, 1821, the Russian Emperor <mask> established the Siberian Committee and Count Golitsin was included in its first composition. To neutralize the influence of <mask>n on the emperor, Aleksey Arakcheev led an intrigue under him with the participation of Metropolitan Seraphim and Archimandrite Photius, who convinced <mask> that Golitsyn's administration was detrimental to the church and the state. His enemies triumphed on May 27, 1824, when Prince Golitsyn was to resign in both departments, retaining only the title of chief over the postal department. He held the last post under Nicholas I, who valued in Golitsyn "the most faithful friend of his family". Over the years, his religiosity only intensified. A contemporary recalls:

In 1843, Count Golitsyn, due to visual impairment, left the capital and retired to Crimea, where he died in his estate of Gaspra. In the same Golitsyn Palace, Leo Tolstoy later wrote the novel "Hadji Murad".He was buried in the Balaklava Saint George Monastery. Personal life
Golitsyn spent his whole life a bachelor and was known for his intimate relationships with men. Nikolai Yazykov in a letter of 1824 cites an anecdote, "as if the sovereign had called for the famous sodomite Bantysh-Kamensky and ordered him to compile a list of all his acquaintances on this part, that Bantysh-Kamensky presented him with such a list, starting with the Minister of Education, then there was the chancellor and so on... After that he had an audience with the emperor and certified him oath in the truth of his report". <mask>ushkin ridiculed Golitsyn in the epigram "Here is the Tail Protector...". The famous memoirist and homosexual Philip Vigel recalls Golitsyn even more biasedly: "Without blushing, you can't talk about him, I won't say anything more: I'm not going to stain these pages with his stupidity, his baseness and vices". Proceedings
<mask> Golitsyn compiled for Empress Elizabeth Alekseevna "Opinion on the Difference Between the Eastern and Western Churches, with the History of Their Separation", which was published only in 1870. Awards and honors

Russian
 1799 – Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, Commander's Cross;
 1804 — Order of Saint Anne, 1st Class;
 1814 — Order of Saint Alexander Nevsky;
 1826 — Order of Saint Vladimir, 1st Class;
 1826 — Order of the Holy Apostle Andrew the First-Called;
 1826 – Diamond to the Order of the Holy Apostle Andrew the First-Called;
 1830 – Chancellor of Russian Orders;
 1831 — Order of the White Eagle;
 1831 — Order of Saint Stanislaus, 1st Class;
 1834 – Portrait of the Emperor Sovereign with Diamonds;
 1838 – Badge "For XL Years of Immaculate Service";
 1842 – Pension According to the Order of the Holy Apostle Andrew the First-Called.Foreign
 1842 — Order of the Black Eagle (Prussia). References

Sources
Fedorov. Golitsyn // Orthodox Encyclopedia – Moscow: Church and Scientific Center "Orthodox Encyclopedia", 2006 – Volume XI – Pages 695–697 – 752 pages – 39,000 copies –
Vladimir Sheremetevsky. Golitsyn <mask> // Russian Biographical Dictionary: Gogol – Gune. Moscow, 1997. Pages 76–136. Yuri Bartenev.From the Notes of Yuri Bartenev. Stories of Prince <mask>ich Golitsyn // Russian Archive, 1886 – Book 3 – Issue 6 – Pages 305–333
<mask>n. (Letters to Archimandrite Photius) / Publication and Сomments by Nikolai Barsov // Russian Antiquity, 1882 – Volume 33 – No. 3 – Pages 765–780 – Under the Title: Prince <mask>n and Archimandrite Photius in 1822–1825
<mask>n. Two Letters of the Minister of Public Education, Prince <mask>n, to the director of the Tsarsko-Rural Lyceum, Yegor Engelhart // Russian Archive, 1868 – 2nd edition – Moscow, 1869 – Columns 873–877
<mask>n. Letters from Prince <mask> Golitsyn to Countess Anna Alekseevna Orlova-Chesmenskaya in 1822 and 1823 / Message by Ivan Zvegintsev // Russian Archive, 1869 – Issue 6 – Columns 943–958
<mask>syn. Conversation of Napoleon I with Prince <mask>n.1808 / Written by Nikolai Kicheev // Russian Antiquity, 1874 – Volume 10 – No. 7 – Pages 621–622
Yuri Kondakov. The Resignation of Prince <mask>n on May 15, 1824 // Russia in the Nineteenth Century: Politics, Economics, Culture – Saint Petersburg, 1996
Yuri Kondakov. The Personality and Government Activities of Prince <mask>n // Personality and Power in the History of Russia in the 19th and 20th Centuries – Saint Petersburg, 1997
Yuri Kondakov. <mask> Golitsyn: Courtier, Official, Christian: Monograph – Saint Petersburg: ElekSis LLC, 2014 – 284 Pages
Evgenia Nazarenko. <mask> Golitsyn in the Socio-Political and Religious History of Russia in the First Half of the 19th Century: a Monograph – Voronezh: Publishing House of Voronezh State University, 2014 – 188 Pages
Natalia Zazulina. <mask> Golitsyn.Unknown in All Respects – Moscow: Boslen, 2019. 288 Pages. External links
Profile of <mask>ich Golitsyn on the official website of the Russian Academy of Sciences

1773 births
1844 deaths
Recipients of the Order of St. Vladimir, 1st class
Recipients of the Order of the White Eagle (Russia)
Recipients of the Order of St. Anna, 1st class
Recipients of the Order of Saint Stanislaus (Russian), 1st class
Golitsyn family
Members of the State Council (Russian Empire)
Members of the Russian Academy
Russian princes

masks:
Prince Alexander Nikolayev
Alexander I
Sergei Alekseevich Golitsyn
Alexander
Alexander Palov
Alexander
Alexander Golitsyn
Alexander I
Alexander Golitsy
Alexander I
Alexander P
Prince Alexander
Alexander Nikolaevich
Alexander Nikolayev
Alexander Golitsy
Alexander Golitsy
Alexander Golitsy
Alexander Golitsy
Alexander Golitsy
Alexander Nikolayevich
Alexander Golit
Alexander Golitsy
Alexander Golitsy
Alexander Golitsy
Prince Alexander
Prince Alexander
Prince Alexander
Alexander Nikolayev


title: Ángel Di María

texts:
<mask> (born 14 February 1988) is an Argentine professional footballer who plays for Ligue 1 club Paris Saint-Germain and the Argentina national team. He can play as either a winger or attacking midfielder. He is often regarded to be one of the world's best wingers. <mask> began his career with Rosario Central, but came into prominence at Benfica after signing for the club in 2007, aged 19. He helped Benfica win a Primeira Liga championship, the club's first in five years, and two Taça da Liga titles. In 2010, <mask> moved to Spanish club Real Madrid in a transfer worth €25 million, where he won a La Liga title and the UEFA Champions League. He subsequently signed for Manchester United in 2014 in a then-British record deal worth £59.7 million (€75.6 million), but left a year later to join Paris Saint-Germain.In France, <mask> won four league titles, five Coupe de France and four Coupe de la Ligue, which includes three domestic quadruples, and helped the club reach its first Champions League Final. He is also the club's ninth-highest goalscorer and all-time leader in assists. <mask> made his senior international debut for Argentina in 2008 at age 20, and has since earned 120 caps, including appearances in eight major tournaments. He scored the goal that won the country gold at the 2008 Olympics, and featured in the 2014 FIFA World Cup, the 2015 Copa América and the Copa América Centenario; <mask> helped Argentina win the 2021 Copa América, scoring the only goal in the final. Early life
<mask> was born on 14 February 1988 in Rosario, Santa Fe, as one of three children of Miguel and <mask>, and grew up in Perdriel. As an infant, he was unusually active, and on recommendation of a doctor was signed up for football at age three. He also helped his parents with their work at a local coal yard along with his two sisters, Vanesa and Evelyn.Due to the low income his family earned, purchasing football boots and keeping up with <mask>'s hobby was difficult for his parents. He considers himself to be a "family man" and has used a significant amount of his salary to "give back" to his family. After being transferred to Benfica, he asked his father not to work anymore and purchased a house for his parents and sisters. Club career

Rosario Central
At age four, <mask> joined Rosario Central. As he had already committed to playing for his local club, Torito, 35 footballs were given in compensation. <mask> made his professional debut on 14 December 2005 in Rosario's final fixture of the Apertura, a 2–2 draw away to Independiente, by replacing Emiliano Vecchio. He scored for the first time on 24 November 2006 in the following season's Apertura in a 4–2 win at home over Quilmes, a minute after replacing Leonardo Borzani at half-time.After playing at the 2007 FIFA U-20 World Cup in Canada, Boca Juniors made a bid of US$6.5 million for him. He was also approached by English club Arsenal, a move that fell through due to the United Kingdom's strict rules on issuing work permits to players from outside the European Union. Benfica

Di <mask> was transferred to Portuguese side Benfica in July 2007, where he played as a winger. He was signed as a replacement for Benfica's departing captain, Simão, who joined Atlético Madrid earlier that summer. Benfica paid Rosario Central €6 million for 80% of his sports rights and 50% of sports right of Andrés Díaz. Later, in August 2008, the Portuguese club paid an extra €2 million for the remaining 20%, but re-sold 10% to GestiFute. <mask> signed a new deal with Benfica in October 2009, adding three more years to his current deal, which was to last until 30 June 2015 with his release fee set at a minimum of €40 million.Later that month, he was backed by <mask> to become "Argentina's next superstar". On 27 February 2010, <mask> scored his first hat-trick in a classic 4–0 win against Leixões. The next day, he made the headlines as "Magic Tri María" in all sports newspapers in Portugal. Real Madrid

2010–11: Debut season
On 28 June 2010, Real Madrid posted on their website that they had come to terms with Benfica for the transfer of <mask>. He signed a five-year contract for €25 million, plus €11 million in incentives, as announced one day later by the Portuguese Stock Exchange regulating entity. On 7 July 2010, <mask> arrived to Madrid directly from Buenos Aires, and passed the medical test on 8 July. He made his debut on 4 August 2010 in a friendly match against Mexican side América, which Real Madrid won 3–2.On 22 August, <mask> scored his first goal in another friendly away against Hércules, which Real Madrid won 1–3. In the last match of the pre-season, on 24 August, after an individual play described as a "magic moment", he opened the score of the 2–0 win against Peñarol for the Trofeo Santiago Bernabéu. His league debut came on 29 August in a 0–0 draw against Mallorca. On 18 September, <mask> scored his first league goal for Real Madrid in their 1–2 away win over Real Sociedad. Ten days later, he scored his first goal in the UEFA Champions League against Auxerre in a 0–1 victory. He scored a controversial first goal against Sevilla on 19 December. Days later, <mask> assisted Karim Benzema's two goals and Cristiano Ronaldo's goal in an astonishing 8–0 drubbing of Levante on 22 December.In the second leg of the Champions League round of 16 against Lyon, he scored the third and final goal in a 3–0 win to send Real Madrid through to the quarter-finals for the first time in seven years. <mask> scored Real Madrid's third goal during their first-leg Champions League quarter-final victory over Tottenham Hotspur on 5 April 2011. On 20 April, he was sent off in the 31st minute of extra time in the Copa del Rey final against rivals Barcelona. Real Madrid won the match 1–0, the lone goal of the match (in the 13th minute of extra time) being a header from Cristiano Ronaldo, which came from his cross, thus obtaining his first honour with Real Madrid. 2011–12: La Liga win
During the start of the 2011–12 season, <mask> endured a tough series of matches as he struggled to adapt to the pace of the league following the summer break. As a result, <mask>'s early performance for the season was mixed with moments of genuinely good play interspersed with moments of sheer madness by the Argentine. This point was well illustrated during Real Madrid's 1–0 defeat to Levante, a match which saw a clearly out-of-sorts <mask> commit a horror foul on Levante's Juanfran during the match.<mask> caused the two teams to clash and an on-field incident ensued. However, <mask>'s performances would improve, including opening up a significant gap at the top of the assists table. From October 2011, <mask> was being picked by Madrid head coach José Mourinho ahead of Kaká and Mesut Özil, a sign of his improving form. On 27 November 2011, <mask> played 60 minutes in a league match against city rivals Atlético Madrid, in which he scored a goal for Real Madrid. Mourinho's team won the match 4–1. On 3 December 2011, <mask> scored Real's first goal from a sharp angle in a 3–0 defeat of Sporting de Gijón in La Liga. He was a constant threat and presence in the starting XI as Real Madrid won their 32nd league title, playing in their 3–0 win over Athletic Bilbao that clinched the league title.2012–14: Contract extension and La Décima

<mask> scored his first goal of the season against Barcelona in the first leg of the 2012 Supercopa de España at Camp Nou after a mistake by Barcelona goalkeeper Víctor Valdés. Although <mask> did not have the best season, he did contribute in big moments, most notably by sending in the cross for Cristiano Ronaldo's goal against Manchester United on 13 February, he registered seventeen assists, and scored nine goals throughout the season in 52 appearances, notably against Atlético Madrid and Málaga. On 9 August 2012, <mask> signed a new contract with Real Madrid, keeping him at the club until 2018. On 2 October 2013, <mask> scored two goals against Copenhagen in Real Madrid's 4–0 Champions League victory over them. Later in the season, due to tactical decisions by the club's new manager Carlo Ancelotti, <mask>'s playing position was permanently switched to that of an offensive–minded central midfielder, and he was frequently deployed in the starting line-up alongside Luka Modrić and Xabi Alonso in midfield in the team's 4–3–3 formation. He contributed to the club's 1–2 victory over Barcelona in the 2014 Copa del Rey Final with the opening goal. <mask> was the top assist maker in La Liga for the season, contributing 17.In the 2014 UEFA Champions League Final against Atlético Madrid on 24 May 2014, <mask> dribbled past two players before producing a save from goalkeeper Thibaut Courtois. <mask>'s teammate Gareth Bale, was there to head the rebound into the net in the 110th minute, giving Real Madrid a 2–1 lead over Atlético in an eventual 4–1 win. <mask> was named man of the match by UEFA after the match, and was presented with the honour by former Manchester United head coach Sir Alex Ferguson. <mask> was an unused substitute as Real Madrid won the 2014 UEFA Super Cup against Sevilla on 12 August. A week later, in the first leg of the Supercopa de España, he played the final 15 minutes of a 1–1 home draw against Atlético Madrid in place of Luka Modrić. Manchester United
On 26 August 2014, <mask> signed a five-year deal with Manchester United for a transfer fee of £59.7 million, one of the most expensive transfers of all time and the highest fee ever paid by a British club at the time. He inherited the number 7 shirt at United, which was previously worn by club legends such as George Best, Bryan Robson, Eric Cantona, David Beckham and Cristiano Ronaldo.<mask> made his debut on 30 August in a 0–0 draw with Burnley, in which he was substituted for Anderson after 70 minutes. He scored his first goal for United on 14 September, netting directly from a free-kick in a 4–0 win over Queens Park Rangers. He also provided an assist for Juan Mata's goal in the same match, winning the vote for Man of the Match. His performance was highlighted by Sky Sports' Player Cam feature, which was brought back especially for the match. In the next match, against Leicester City on 21 September, he again scored a goal and provided another assist, although United lost the match 5–3. On 2 October, <mask> won Manchester United's Player of the Month award for September after recording two goals and two assists in his first four matches for the club. One week later, he won his second individual trophy at United after his goal against Leicester, in which he chipped goalkeeper Kasper Schmeichel, was voted as the club's Goal of the Month for September.<mask> continued his run of fine form on 5 October by scoring a goal and providing an assist for Radamel Falcao to help United defeat Everton 2–1. <mask> was substituted with a hamstring injury 13 minutes into United's 3–0 defeat of Hull City on 29 November and subsequently made only one substitute appearance in the team's next seven matches. On 4 January 2015, <mask> returned from injury to score a late goal in a 0–2 win against Yeovil Town in the third round of the FA Cup. A week later, he was used as a forward by manager Louis van Gaal in a 0–1 home defeat to Southampton. This new role came in the midst of a bad run of form for <mask>, who was said to have struggled since October. <mask> was sent off on 9 March as United lost 1–2 at home against Arsenal in the FA Cup sixth round, being booked for diving and for grabbing the shirt of referee Michael Oliver, but earlier set up the equaliser by Wayne Rooney. At the season's end, <mask> was judged by The Daily Telegraph to be the worst signing of the season.Paris Saint-Germain

2015–16: Transfer and domestic quadruple

On 25 July 2015, <mask> failed to board a flight to the United States to join Manchester United's pre-season tour as scheduled, with manager Louis van Gaal saying he "did not know why". On 2 August, it was reported <mask> would undergo a medical ahead of a move to Paris Saint-Germain, and four days later, Manchester United confirmed he had been sold to the French champions for an undisclosed fee, believed to be around £44 million, signing a four-year contract. <mask> made his Ligue 1 debut on 30 August away to Monaco as a 66th-minute

masks:
Ángel Fabián Di María
Di María
Di María
Di María
Di María
Di María
Di María
Diana
Di María
Di María
Di María
María
Di María
Diego Maradona
Di María
Di María
Di María
Di María
Di María
Di María
Di María
Di María
Di María
Di María
Di María
Di María
Di María
Di María
Di María
Di María
Di María
Di María
Di María
Di María
Di María
Di María
Di María
Di María
Di María
Di María
Di María
Di María
Di María
Di María
Di María
Di María
Di María
Di María
Di María
Di María
Di María


title: Ángel Di María

texts:
 substitute for Lucas, and assisted Ezequiel Lavezzi for the final goal of a 0–3 win at the Stade Louis II. On 15 September, <mask> scored his first goal for PSG on his UEFA Champions League debut for the club, a 2–0 win over Malmö FF at the Parc des Princes. Seven days later, he registered his first goal in Ligue 1 as PSG defeated Guingamp 3–0. On 23 April 2016, <mask> scored the winning goal for PSG in the 2016 Coupe de la Ligue Final against Lille at the Stade de France. <mask> ended 2015–16 setting a new Ligue 1 record for assists in a season with 18.2016–2020: Sustained domestic success and European final
In the 2016–17 Champions League group stage home match against Basel on 19 October 2016, <mask> scored the opening goal in the 40th minute in a 3–0 victory for PSG to register his first goal of the season. On 19 November, he opened the scoring with his first Ligue 1 goal of the season in a 2–0 home win against Nantes. On 14 February 2017, <mask> scored a brace as PSG defeated Barcelona 4–0 in the first leg of Champions League round of 16 at the Parc des Princes. On 1 April, he scored in PSG's 4–1 win over Monaco in the 2017 Coupe de la Ligue Final. On 8 May 2018, he played as PSG won 2–0 against Les Herbiers to clinch the 2017–18 Coupe de France. On the first leg of his side's Champions league round of 16 tie against his former club Manchester United in the 2018–19 season, <mask> sustained a serious injury following a tackle from Ashley Young; however, he refused to be substituted, and in the final moments of the game, he assisted Kylian Mbappé's goal for a 0–2 win at Old Trafford. Eventually, PSG lost 1–3 in the second leg and were eliminated in the round of 16 for the third consecutive season.In the 2019–20 UEFA Champions League group stage, <mask> scored a brace in a 3–0 win over his former club Real Madrid on 18 September 2019. On 18 August 2020, <mask> scored a goal and recorded two assists in PSG's 3–0 Champions League semi-final victory over RB Leipzig; the club went on to play against Bayern Munich in the final, but lost the match 1–0. 2020–2021: Assist record and contract extension
On 23 September 2020, <mask> was handed a four-match suspension for a spitting incident with Álvaro González during Le Classique 10 days earlier. He would miss the league matches against Angers, Nîmes, Dijon, and Nantes. In a UEFA Champions League match against RB Leipzig on 4 November, <mask> scored the opening goal in an eventual 2–1 defeat. He made his return to league action in a match against Rennes three days later, and scored a goal to help PSG win the match 3–0. In a home match against İstanbul Başakşehir on 9 December 2020, <mask> recorded two assists; he subsequently became the player with the third most assists in UEFA Champions League history with a tally of 32, only being behind Lionel Messi and Cristiano Ronaldo.On 12 March 2021, <mask> extended his contract with Paris Saint-Germain for one more season with an option for a second. On 4 May, <mask> was sent off against Manchester City in the semi-finals of the Champions League for stamping on Fernandinho in an off the ball incident. He was handed a three-match ban in European competitions. International career

Youth
In 2007, <mask> was picked to play for the Argentina under-20 squad. He was capped for the 2007 South American U-20 Championship in Paraguay. In 2007, he was called up for the 2007 FIFA U-20 World Cup in Canada. They went on to win the tournament with <mask> scoring three goals in the process.On 28 January 2008, <mask> and some of his under-20s teammates were called up for the Argentina squad for the 2008 Beijing Olympics. He scored the extra-time game-winning goal on a pass from Lionel Messi in the 105th minute of his team's 2–1 quarter-final win over the Netherlands. On 23 August, <mask> scored the game-winner – a chip over the goalkeeper from the edge of the area – in the 57th minute of Argentina's 1–0 victory against Nigeria to capture their second-straight Olympic gold medal in the final game of the Olympic tournament. Senior

On 6 September 2008, <mask> made his debut for the Argentina senior team in a match against Paraguay. 2010 FIFA World Cup
On 19 May 2010, <mask> was selected by Argentinian manager <mask> as one of a 23-man squad for the 2010 FIFA World Cup in South Africa. In Argentina's 5–0 friendly win over Canada on 24 May, <mask> scored his first-ever international goal, scoring from outside the box as his shot went off the post and in. He helped the side reach the quarter-finals, playing in all five of Argentina's matches and starting four of them.Following the World Cup, on 11 August 2010 <mask> scored the first-ever international goal at Dublin's new Aviva Stadium in a friendly against the Republic of Ireland as Argentina won 0–1. 2011 Copa América
<mask> appeared three times during the 2011 Copa América, scoring once in a 3–0 defeat of Costa Rica in the group stage. 2014 FIFA World Cup
<mask> made 12 appearances during the 2014 FIFA World Cup qualification campaign and was named in Argentina's squad for the tournament finals. In Argentina's round of 16 match against Switzerland, <mask> scored the only goal of the game after 118 minutes, from a Lionel Messi assist. During the quarter-final match against Belgium, <mask> suffered a muscle tear in the thigh and was later taken off the field. It was later announced after the match that <mask> would miss the rest of the tournament due to the injury. He had previously helped to create Gonzalo Higuaín's only goal of the match, which sent Argentina into the semi-finals.Argentina finished the tournament as runners-up to Germany. On 11 July, <mask> was named on the ten-man shortlist for FIFA's Golden Ball award for the tournament's best player. On 3 September 2014, in a friendly away against world champions Germany, <mask> had a part in all four of Argentina's goals in a 2–4 victory, assisting three and scoring one. 2015 Copa América
On 28 May 2015, <mask> was named in Argentina's squad for the 2015 Copa América. On 6 June, he was selected to captain the team in the absence of Lionel Messi for a warm-up match against Bolivia, scoring twice in a 5–0 win. A week later, in their opening match of the tournament against Paraguay in La Serena, <mask> won a penalty which Messi scored in a 2–2 draw. On 30 June, he scored twice and assisted a goal for Sergio Agüero, as Argentina defeated Paraguay 6–1 to reach the final.He was substituted with a hamstring injury within the first half-hour of the final against hosts Chile, which his team lost in a penalty shootout after a goalless draw. Copa América Centenario
In Argentina's opening match of the Copa América Centenario on 6 June 2016, a rematch of the previous tournament's final against defending champions Chile, <mask> scored the opening goal of the match, and later assisted Éver Banega's goal in a 2–1 win. <mask> dedicated the goal to his grandmother, who had recently died. In his nation's second group match, against Panama on 10 June, he assisted Nicolás Otamendi's opening goal, but was later forced off due to injury. Argentina won the match 5–0. He missed the rest of the tournament due to injury as Argentina reached the Copa América final for the second consecutive time, once again losing out to Chile on penalties, following a 0–0 draw. 2018 FIFA World Cup
<mask> made 18 appearances in the 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification campaign.On 22 May 2018, <mask> was named in 23-man squad by manager Jorge Sampaoli for the 2018 FIFA World Cup in Russia. On 30 June, he scored a long range goal against France in a 4–3 defeat which saw Argentina eliminated from the World Cup in the Round of 16. 2019 Copa América
On 21 May 2019, he was included in Lionel Scaloni's final 23-man Argentina squad for the 2019 Copa América. 2021 Copa América
In June 2021, <mask> was included in Argentina's squad for the 2021 Copa América in Brazil. On 21 June, he assisted the only goal of the match, scored by Papu Gómez, in Argentina's third group match against Paraguay; the result allowed his side to progress to the quarter-finals. In the final of the tournament against the hosts Brazil on 10 July, he scored the only goal of the match to give Argentina their joint record 15th Copa América title with Uruguay and their first international title since 1993. He ran onto a long pass from Rodrigo De Paul into the Brazilian penalty area.The pass was slightly deflected by Brazilian defender Renan Lodi before <mask> controlled the ball with the outside of his left foot; he then chipped the ball over the goalkeeper Ederson, giving Argentina an early lead. Although he was substituted late in the second half of the match, the goal would hold as the winning effort for Argentina. Style of play

<mask> is a quick, strong, tricky and talented winger who is also capable of playing as a more central attacking midfielder or on either side of the pitch, although he is predominantly a left-footed player. He has also been deployed to great effect as a central midfielder, in particular under Carlo Ancelotti's tenure with Real Madrid. Possessing a slender frame, <mask> is an agile, creative and highly technical player who possesses excellent dribbling skills and ball control, as well as great pace, stamina, movement, and acceleration, attributes which allow him to beat players easily in one-on-one situations. He is also gifted with excellent vision, set-piece delivery, passing, and crossing ability, which allow him to function effectively as a playmaker and as an assist provider, although he is also capable of scoring goals himself, and is an accurate free kick taker. Despite not being physically imposing, he is also a very hard-working player, and he improved on the defensive aspect of his game under manager José Mourinho.Personal life
<mask> is nicknamed "Fideo", which means "noodle" in Spanish, due to his slender frame. He holds an Italian passport because he has Italian ancestry. He is Roman Catholic. He married fellow Argentine Jorgelina (née Cardoso) in 2011. Together they have a daughter, Pia, who was born three months premature and survived after treatment at an intensive care unit at the Hospital Universitario Montepríncipe in Madrid. <mask>'s home in Prestbury, Cheshire, was the scene of an attempted burglary on 31 January 2015. On 2 September 2020, it was reported that <mask>, along with PSG teammates Neymar and Leandro Paredes, had tested positive for COVID-19.The French sports newspaper L'Équipe said that the three players reportedly went on vacation in Ibiza. As a result, they had to quarantine for one week, and the rest of the players and working staff were scheduled to take a coronavirus test within the same week. During a match between PSG and Nantes on 14 March 2021, <mask>'s home was robbed and his family was held hostage. He had been substituted off the pitch by manager Mauricio Pochettino, who informed <mask> of the situation. PSG teammate Marquinhos' parents' home was also burglarised in a similar way. Career statistics

Club

International

Scores and results list Argentina's goal tally first. Benfica footballers
Real Madrid CF players
Manchester United F.C.players
Paris Saint-Germain F.C. players
Argentine Primera División players
Primeira Liga players
La Liga players
Premier League players
Ligue 1 players
UEFA Champions League winning players
Argentina under-20 international footballers
Olympic footballers of Argentina
Argentina international footballers
Footballers at the 2008 Summer Olympics
2010 FIFA World Cup players
2011 Copa América players
2014 FIFA World Cup players
2015 Copa América players
Copa América Centenario players
2018 FIFA World Cup players
2019 Copa América players
2021 Copa América players
Olympic gold medalists for Argentina
Olympic medalists in football
Medalists at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Copa América-winning players
Argentine expatriate footballers
Argentine expatriate sportspeople in Portugal
Argentine expatriate sportspeople in Spain
Argentine expatriate sportspeople in England
Argentine expatriate sportspeople in France
Expatriate footballers in Portugal
Expatriate footballers in Spain
Expatriate footballers in England
Expatriate footballers in France
Citizens of Italy through descent
FIFA Century Club
People named in the Pandora

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title: Iain mac Ailein

texts:
<mask>, or John MacLean (8 Jan 1787, Caolas, Tiree - 26 Jan 1848, Addington Forks, Antigonish County, Nova Scotia) was a poet and highly important figure in both Scottish Gaelic literature and in that of Canadian Gaelic. Before emigrating with his family to Nova Scotia in 1819, MacLean had served as the Chief Bard to the 15th Chief of Clan MacLean of Coll. Following his arrival in the New World, MacLean remained a prolific poet and composed one of the most famous and most popular Scottish Gaelic emigration poems, Òran do dh' Aimearaga ("A Song to America"), which is also known as, A' Choille Ghruamach ("The Gloomy Forest"). Robert Dunbar has dubbed MacLean, "perhaps the most important of all the poets who emigrated during the main period of Gaelic overseas emigration", which took place between 1730 and 1860. Life

Ancestry
According to Robert Dunbar, MacLean, though not considered a Tacksman or a member of the Scottish nobility, could trace his descent back to Eachann Ruadh nan Cath, the 6th Chief of Clan Maclean of Duart, who was killed at the Battle of Harlaw in 1411. Furthermore, his maternal great-grandfather was Neil Lamont, who had been Chief Bard to the Chief of Clan Maclean of Coll. On his father's side, MacLean was related to the famous Tiree poet Gilleasbuig Làidir MacGilleain.Early life
<mask> <mask> was born on January 8, 1787, at Caolas, on the island of Tiree, in the Inner Hebrides of Scotland. He was the third son of Allan MacLean and Margaret MacFadyen. During his early life, MacLean worked as a shoemaker and small scale merchant. His grandson, Presbyterian minister and Canadian Gaelic scholar Rev. Alexander MacLean Sinclair (1840-1924), later wrote that the Bard was also a seanchai and that, "his powerful memory ensured that his stores of information connected with the Highland clans and poets were very great." MacLean was also very well acquainted with other great works of Scottish Gaelic literature, such as Alasdair Mac Mhaighstir Alasdair's Birlinn Chloinne Raghnaill ("The War Galley of Clanranald") and Duncan Ban MacIntyre's Moladh Beinn Dòrain ("In Praise of Ben Doran"), both of which he knew by heart. According to his grandson, Rev.Alexander MacLean Sinclair, "Nature gave the poet a mind of great capacity; but evidently it did not intend that he should become a wealthy man. He never attended regularly to his work; his mind was not upon it. Poetry occupied his thoughts when pegging sole-leather in Scotland, and cutting down trees in America; it took complete possession of him. He was a good poet; but a poor shoemaker, and a poor farmer. He was very fond of company. He was clannish, and took pleasure in visiting his friends and acquaintances." On July 19, 1808, <mask> <mask> married Isabella Black in Glasgow.In 1810, as the Napoleonic Wars were continuing to be fought, <mask> <mask> was conscripted into the Argyll and Bute Militia. The Bard apparently disliked military life intensely and arranged for a substitute to serve in his place in return for £40. MacLean's discharge papers bear the date of January 17, 1811. In 1818, <mask> <mask> published the poetry collection, Orain nuadh Ghaedhlach, le Iain Mac Illeain, ann an Eilean Tirreadh ("New Gaelic Songs Collected by John MacLean on the island of Tiree") at Edinburgh, with a dedication to his employer, Alexander, the 15th Chief of Clan MacLean of Coll. <mask> <mask>'s book consists of 22 poems of his own and 34 by other major Gaelic poets, including poems by Alexander MacKinnon and Mary Macleod that can no longer be found elsewhere. One of <mask> <mask>'s primary sources, according to Robert Dunbar, was a handwritten manuscript of Gaelic poems which Dr. Hector Maclean of Grulin, Isle of Mull had made between 1738 and 1768. The manuscript was gifted to <mask> <mask> by the Doctor's daughter and contains an additional 104 pages of material, including fourteen of <mask> <mask>'s own poems.The manuscript is now in the Nova Scotia Archives. New World
It is still not known why he chose to emigrate. <mask> <mask>, as "one of the last professional poets to enjoy any patronage from a chieftain", had a very privileged life compared to other Highland tenant farmers. It is known that <mask> <mask> was able, by using his published book as security, to secure passage for himself and his family to the New World. In August 1819, the MacLean family set sail from the port of Tobermory, on the Isle of Mull, aboard the ship Economy and arrived at Pictou, Nova Scotia on about October 1, 1819. The MacLean family stayed at Pictou only for a week before traveling by boat to Merigomish. They settled first on a homestead at Barney's River, Pictou County.In the summer of 1820, <mask> <mask> cleared the land, planted potatoes, and built a small log cabin on the land, which he nicknamed, Baile-Chnoic ("Hill Farm"). While living in this claim <mask> <mask> composed his famous protest against the hardship of pioneer life: Òran do dh' Aimearaga ("A Song to America"), better known as A’ Choille Ghruamach ("The Gloomy Forest"). In the poem, according to Marcus Tanner, "MacLean complained about almost everything in Nova Scotia," and, "was intended as a warning to potential emigrants that Nova Scotia was not the land of prosperity they imagined it to be." According to Effie Rankin, "A' Choille Ghruamach ('The Gloomy Forrest') probably contains the most detailed and vivid account of pioneer life which exists in Gaelic. In this dirge, John MacLean bemoans his fate in the Canadian wilderness, where winter's cold is dreadful, summer's heat is equally oppressive, and always everywhere broods the menacing and invincible forest." Rev. MacLean Sinclair later wrote, "When the poet sent to Tiree his song on America, his friends were greatly distressed about him.They offered to send money to bring him back. MacLean of Coll, his old friend, wrote him a kind letter asking him to return, and offering him a piece of land free of rent. A more truthful poem than his description of America was never penned; yet it is almost a pity that he sent it home. It was no doubt the means of keeping many person's from emigrating." According to Michael Newton, however, MacLean's A' Choille Ghruamach, which is, "an expression disappointment and regret", ended up becoming, "so well established in the emigrant repertoire that it easily eclipses his later songs taking delight in the Gaelic communities in Nova Scotia and their prosperity." For example, <mask> Ailein's 1826 poem Òran a' Bhàil Ghàidhealaich ("The Song of the Gaelic Ball"), was composed for and first performed at a gathering organized by David Murray at Merigomish and to which only Gaelic speakers were invited. The song remains very popular among Gaelic-speakers in both Scotland and Nova Scotia and is often referred to by its first line, Bithibh Aotrom 's Togaibh Fonn ("Be Light-hearted and Raise a Tune").In 1827, <mask> <mask> received a gift of a large and beautiful drinking horn from William Forbes. <mask> <mask> celebrated the gift in his poem An Adharc ("The Drinking Horn") and later gave the horn as a gift to his close friend Fr. Colin Grant. During a weeklong election held at Pictou in September 1830, <mask> <mask> composed the song, Don Phàrlamaid Ùir ("To the New Parliament") and played a role in mobilizing his fellow Nova Scotia Gaels as voters. According to Michael Newton, "This election played out the tensions between two major provincial bodies, the popularly-elected Colonial Assembly and the Crown-appointed Council. Both of these governmental groups had been dominated by a small elite group consisting of settlers from England and anglophone Loyalists who had relocated to Nova Scotia in the aftermath of the American Revolutionary War. As his grandson... comments in the notes to the song, the ethnic slurs against Gaels that emerged during the campaign galvanized MacGill-Eain into exercising the social role of the poet to call for political and ethnic solidarity."According to Rev. Sinclair, "He took no special role in the election, until he was told that one of the Liberal candidates had made some insulting references to the Highlanders. He then went to work and composed this song. He spent the greater part of the night at it. He sang it [the] next day. Thousands were present. It had a most exciting effect.It's a real brosnachadh-catha" ("incitement to battle"). The MacLean family moved in January 1831 to a new homestead at Glenbard, near Addington Forks, Antigonish County, Nova Scotia. After he learned of the death of his former patron in 1835, <mask> <mask> composed the lament, Marbhann do dh'Alastair Mac-Gilleain, Tighearna Chola ("An Elegy for Alexander MacLean, the Laird of Coll"). Also in 1835, <mask> <mask> published twenty of his works of Christian poetry in Gaelic at Glasgow under the title, Laoidhean Spioradail le Iain MacGilleain ("Spiritual Songs by John MacLean"). Although Rev. Sinclair later alleged that the poems in this collection, "were very inaccurately printed", his claim has been disproved by comparisons to a manuscript in <mask> <mask>'s hand that was acquired by the National Library of Scotland in 2011. The manuscript contains all twenty poems as well as six unpublished poems and shows that <mask> <mask>'s Glasgow publisher had actually printed the texts of his poems very accurately.Following the Disruption of 1843, <mask> <mask> and his family joined the Nova Scotia branch of the Free Church of Scotland. In this, though, the MacLean family was far from unique. Most Presbyterian Gaels in Nova Scotia, like their co-religionists in the Gàidhealtachd of Scotland, made exactly the same choice. Despite this fact, Presbyterianism in Nova Scotia was considerably less strict than in an t-Seann Dùthaich ("the Old Country") and, "most of the stern traditions and harsh penalties of the Kirk", were never enforced in the New World. Almost certainly for this reason, <mask> <mask> felt able to build a very close friendship with Fr. Colin P. Grant, the Roman Catholic priest assigned to St. Margaret of Scotland Church in Arisaig. So close was their friendship that <mask> <mask> composed a work of Canadian Gaelic praise poetry in honor of Fr.Grant. <mask> <mask> died in Addington Forks, Nova Scotia on January 28, 1848. He became the first person buried in the Glen Bard Cemetery, where his grandson, Rev. Sinclair, also lies buried. In a Canadian Gaelic elegy composed for <mask> <mask>'s death, fellow Antigonish County poet John MacGillivray lamented:

Chaill sinn tuilleadh 's do bhàrdachd,
Ged a that sinn 'ga h-ionndrainn,
Chaill sinn t' fhiorachadh sàr ghasd. "We have lost more than your poetry,
Though we certainly miss that,
We have also lost your most excellent knowledge "

Legacy
In the Highlands and Islands of Scotland, MacLean is commonly known as Bàrd Thighearna Chola ("The Bard to the Laird of Coll") or as <mask> <mask> ("John, son of Allan"). In Nova Scotia, he is known  in Canadian Gaelic as,  Am Bàrd MacGilleain ("The Bard MacLean") and as, Bàrd Abhainn Bhàrnaidh ("The Bard of Barney's River"), after the location of the MacLean family's original homestead at Barney's River Station, Pictou County, Nova Scotia.Several of the Bard MacLean's songs were very popular during his own lifetime and a significant number have survived to this day among Gaelic singers and tradition-bearers on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean. Although the Gaels of Tiree have a long history of producing highly gifted songwriters and poets, "MacLean is also considered by some to be the greatest of the Tiree bards." During his employment as Professor of Gaelic Studies at St. Francis Xavier University in Antigonish, American linguist Kenneth E. Nilsen (1941-2012), whose contagious enthusiasm for the language did much to inspire the ongoing revival of Canadian Gaelic, would take his students every year to visit the grave of <mask> <mask> at Glen Bard, Antigonish County, Nova Scotia. Publication and expurgation
In 1856, John Boyd, alias <mask>, the founder and editor of the bilingual Antigonish newspaper The Casket, published eleven of <mask> <mask>'s poems in the volume Orain Ghaelach Le Iain Mac Illeathain, Bard Thighearn Chola ("Gaelic Songs by John MacLean, Poet to the Laird of Coll"). Boyd's rendering of the text, according to Robert Dunbar, is much closer to <mask> Alein's manuscripts than in the highly influential poetry collections edited by the Bard's grandson, Presbyterian minister Rev. Alexander MacLean Sinclair. The minister's rendering of the texts have been widely distributed, republished, and viewed as the cannibal text.According to Robert Dunbar, however, Rev. Sinclair, "took considerable liberties", and his versions often, "differ dramatically", from his grandfather's surviving manuscripts. One of the sole exceptions is Am Gàidheal am-measg nan Gall ("The Gael among the Lowlanders"), for which <mask> <mask>'s manuscript version and published text is "essentially the same", as the poem later published by his grandson. Other poems were deliberately left out of print by Rev. Sinclair. Although it survives in manuscript form and was published in John Boyd's collection, <mask> <mask>'s piece of praise poetry about Fr. Colin Grant of St. Margaret's Roman Catholic Church in Arisaig was excluded by Rev.Sinclair from his edition of his grandfather's collected poems, Clarsach na Coille ("The Harp of the Forest"). Rev. Sinclair similarly excluded <mask> <mask>'s Òran do Dhòmhnaill MacArthair ("A Song for Donald MacArthur"), a piece of comic poetry about a Gael from Tiree who travels to the Scottish Lowlands to work with the harvest crews, only to get drunk in Glasgow, robbed of all his earnings, and infected with Venereal Disease by a prostitute. Furthermore, Rev. Sinclair did confine himself to bowdlerizing his grandfather's poetry. When <mask> <mask> had emigrated to Nova Scotia in 1819, he carried with him an exceptionally rare early and uncensored edition of Alasdair Mac Mhaighstir Alasdair's groundbreaking 1751 poetry collection, Ais-eridh na Sean Chánoin Albannaich ("The Resurrection of the Old Scottish Language"). In 1915, Rev.Sinclair, donated his grandfather's copy of the book to St. Francis Xavier University in Antigonish, Nova Scotia. In a letter to the University's Rector, Rev. Hugh P. MacPherson, Rev. Sinclair apologized for having razored out everything between pages 152 and 161, but explained that the Gaelic poems printed on the missing pages were, "abominably filthy". These pages had contained two of Alasdair <mask>ir Alasdair's most famous works of erotic poetry; Moladh air Deagh Bhod ("In Praise of a Good Penis") and Tineas na h-Urchaid ("The Venereal Disease"). According to Robert Dunbar, Rev. Sinclair's expurgated and heavily rewritten versions of his grandfather's poems were long treated as authoritative and have heavily influenced even the versions collected since from the oral tradition.Dunbar writes, however, that this is perfectly understandable, as people without access to the manuscripts or earlier and more accurate collections would have trusted Rev. Sinclair due to his familial connection to the poet. Writing in 2020, however, Dunbar announced that his own corrected edition of <mask> <mask>'s 44 surviving secular poems was shortly to be published by the Scottish Gaelic Texts Society. In popular culture
Scottish-Canadian poet Watson Kirkconnell published a literary translation of <mask> <mask>mach in the 1948-'49 theme issue of Dalhousie Review under the title, "John MacLean’s Gloomy Forest". The same song has been performed and recorded in the original Gaelic by Mary Jane Lamond, Arthur Cormack, James Graham, and Mary Ann Kennedy. External links
Bithibh Aotrom `s Togaibh Fonn A performance in Canadian Gaelic of <mask> <mask>'s Òran a' Bhàil Ghàidhealaich

References

1787 births
1848 deaths
19th-century Canadian poets
18th-century Scottish Gaelic poets
19th-century Scottish Gaelic poets
Calvinist and Reformed poets
Canadian Gaelic poets
Canadian male poets
Canadian Presbyterians
Clan Maclean
Colony of Nova Scotia people
Farmers from Nova Scotia
People from Antigonish County, Nova Scotia
People from Tiree
People from Pictou County
Scottish emigrants to pre-Confederation Nova Scotia
Writers from Nova Scotia

masks:
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title: David del Puerto

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<mask> is a Spanish composer. Biography
Born in 1964 in Madrid, musically trained in the guitar, disciple of Francisco Guerrero and Luis de Pablo in his native city, <mask> emerged very early as one of the most talented composers of his generation. At just 20 his name was on the bill at the Almeida Festival in London and shortly afterwards he was commissioned by Pierre Boulez to write a new work for the Ensemble InterContemporain. Since then, his music has been present at the most important concert festivals and seasons in Europe, Japan, Indonesia, Australia, United States, Canada and Latin America, where it has been performed by ensembles such as the London Symphony, Finnish Radio Symphony Orchestra, Nieuw Ensemble, Wisconsin University  Symphony Orchestra, Orchestre Symphonique de Mulhouse, ONE, Orquesta RTVE, JONDE, ORCAM, Real Filharmonía de Galicia, OSPA, Plural Ensemble, Grup Instrumental de Valencia, Taller Sonoro, Cuarteto Casals... His works have been performed by soloists the likes of Ernest Rombout, Ananda Sukarlan, Miquel Bernat, Ángel Luis Castaño, Manuel Guillén, Evelyn Glennie and Sarah Leonard, and conducted by the likes of Ed Spanjaard, Sakari Oramo, Diego Masson, Luca Pfaff, José Ramón Encinar, Josep Pons, Pedro Halffter, Fabián Panisello, Tapio Tuomela, Pablo González Bernardo, Pablo Heras, Dmitri Loos, etc. He has also been intensely active in teaching as guest professor at universities, conservatories and courses in Europe and the US. He is currently professor of Analysis at the  Reina Sofía School of Music in Madrid. In 1993, he won the Premio Gaudeamus with his Concierto for oboe and chamber ensemble, and in the same year received the prize El ojo crítico from Radio Nacional de España.In 2005, he was awarded the Premio Nacional de Música for composition. The musical life of <mask> <mask> has been marked by a serene but fierce search for himself, without reservations or concessions, which has meant he has forged one of the most original and personal career paths of the current panorama: His art, vital, complex, deep, always bathed in its author's personality, feeds on numerous influences from different eras and places on the planet, influences that, in the hands of the composer naturally become a part of his personal heritage, which he uses to configure an unequalled musical language. <mask> <mask> is a founder member of Música Presente. Catalogue

Works for solo instruments
 Verso I (1987) for Solo fl
 Verso III (1994) for 1 perc (mba, 2 Chinese toms, 2 cymbals)
 Intrata (1995) for Pf
 Poema (1996) for Guit
 Verso IV (1996) for Pf
 Rejoice (1999)
 Mirada (2002) for Guit
 Alio Modo (2002) for Pf
 Sonata (2003) for Solo cl
 Dos Preludios (2003) for Guit
 Dos Dedicatorias (2004) for Solo vln
 Rondόs (2004) for Pf
 Cuaderno para los Niños (2005) for Pf
 Fantasía para Acordeón (2005) for Ac
 Winter Suite (2006) for Guit
 Sesis Estudios para Guitarra (2006) for Guit
 Nocturno y Toccata (2006) for Guit
 Bluescape (2007) for Solo vln
 Cuaderno de Instantes (2007) for Guit

Ensemble works for 2-5 instruments
 Veladura (1985, rev. from Quintet op.

masks:
David del Puerto
David del Puerto
David del
Puerto
David del
Puerto