title: Eugene Webb

texts:
<mask> (born 1938) is Professor Emeritus in the University of Washington Henry M. Jackson School of International Studies. <mask> holds a Ph.D., in Comparative Literature from Columbia University (1965), an M.A. in English Literature from Columbia University (1962) and also a B.A., in Philosophy from the University of California, Los Angeles (1960). <mask> was a member of the faculties of both the Comparative Literature Department and the Henry M. Jackson School of International Studies, where he served as Associate Director and chaired programs in both Comparative Religion and European Studies (1994). <mask> was also the founder of those two programs: Comparative Religion in 1974, and European Studies in 1994. He retired from the University of Washington in 2000, where he now has the title Professor Emeritus of International Studies. <mask> has two books on the novels and plays of Samuel Beckett, and has authored the books The Dark Dove: The Sacred and Secular in Modern Literature (1975), Eric Voegelin, Philosopher of History (1981), Philosophers of Consciousness (1988) and The Self Between: From Freud to the New Social Psychology of France (1993), all published by the University of Washington Press.His book World View and Mind: Religious Thought and Psychological Development was published by the University of Missouri Press in 2009, and his In Search of the Triune God: The Christian Paths of East and West was published by the same press in 2014. <mask> translated and wrote the introduction to Jean-Michel Oughourlian's, The Puppet of Desire:  The Psychology of Hysteria, Possession, and Hypnosis, (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1991). He also translated a second book by Oughourlian, The Genesis of Desire, published by Michigan State University Press in 2010. Academic positions
Professor Emeritus of International Studies, University of Washington, 2000
Professor of Comparative Literature and Comparative Religion, UW, 1975
Associate Professor of English and Comparative Literature, UW, 1974
Associate Professor of English, UW, 1973
Assistant Professor of English, UW, 1966
Assistant Professor of English, Simon Fraser University, 1965

Principal administrative functions
Associate Director, Jackson School of International Studies, 1997–2000
Chairman, European Studies Program, 1994–98
Executive Committee, Comparative Literature Department, 1990–93
Executive Committee, Ph.D. Program in Literary Theory, 1990–93
Steering Committee, Comparative History of Ideas, 1978–2000. Acting Chairman, Department of Romance Languages and Literature, 1985–86
Faculty Senate, 1984
College Council, College of Arts and Sciences, 1976–79, Spring 1987
Chairman, Comparative Religion Program, 1973–85

Works
 In Search of The Triune God: The Christian Paths of East and West (Columbia, MO: University of Missouri Press, 2014)
 Worldview and Mind:  Religious Thought and Psychological Development (Columbia, MO: University of Missouri Press, 2009)
 The Self Between:  From Freud to the New Social Psychology of France  (Seattle and London: University of Washington Press, 1993)
 Philosophers of Consciousness:  Polanyi, Lonergan, Voegelin, Ricoeur, Girard, Kierkegaard  (Seattle and London: University of Washington Press, 1988). Eric Voegelin:  Philosopher of History (Seattle and London: University of Washington Press, 1981).The Dark Dove:  The Sacred and Secular in Modern Literature (Seattle and London:  University of Washington Press, 1975). The Plays of Samuel Beckett (Seattle:  University of Washington Press; London:  Peter Owen, 1972). Samuel Beckett:  A Study of His Novels (Seattle:  University of Washington Press; London:  Peter Owen, 1970). Articles
"Eros and The Psychology of World Views", Anthropoetics XII, 1 (Spring / Summer 2006)
"Voegelin’s Gnosticism Reconsidered." Political Science Reviewer, 34 (2005): 48–76. "René Girard and the Symbolism of Religious Sacrifice", Anthropoetics 11, no. 1 (Spring / Summer 2005)
"Girard, Sacrifice, and Religious Symbolism."Journal of European Psychoanalysis, 14 (Winter–Spring, 2002): 59–79. "Eros und die Psychologie der Weltanschauungen" in Kulturen des Eros (Eranos Jahrbuch, neue folge., vol. 8: 179–229). Munich: Wilhelm Fink Verlag, 2001. Also in Russian translation in Arba (online periodical)
"Eric Voegelin and Literary Theory", in Politics, Order and History: Essays on the Work of Eric Voegelin, ed. Glenn Hughes, Stephen A. McKnight, and Geoffrey L. Price. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 2001."Spiritual Disorientation and Voegelinian Postmodernism", review of Glenn Hughes, ed., The Politics of the Soul: Eric Voegelin on Religious Experience, and David Walsh, Guarded By Mystery: Meaning in a Postmodern Age. The Review of Politics, 62, no. 4 (Fall, 2000): 823–827
"Le Désir philosophique", in Le Désir:  Énergie et finalité, ed. Jean-Michel Oughourlian. Paris: L’Harmattan, 1999. "Persuasion and the Problem of Polarizing Rhetoric." Voegelin Research News, 4, no.4 (August 1998). "Ernest Becker and the Psychology of Worldviews." Zygon: Journal of Religion and Science, 33, no. 1 (March 1998): 71–86. "Le Differenziazioni della coscienza." In La Scienza dell’ ordine: Saggi su Eric Voegelin, ed. Gian Franco Lami and Govanni Franchi.Rome: Antonio Pellicani Editore, 1997. "Mimesis, Evolution, and Differentiation of Consciousness." Paragrana: Internationale Zeitschrift für Historische Anthropologie, 4, no. 2 (1995): 151–165. "Objective and Existential Truth in Politics." Public Affairs Quarterly, 9 (no. 2, April, 1995), pp.93–99. "Epilogue: The Symbolism of Political Community." In Render Unto Caesar:  The Religious Sphere in world Politics, edited by Sabrina Petra Ramet and Donald W. Treadgold (Washington, DC: American University Press, 1995), pp. 433–446. "The Ambiguity of Political Community." Hellas, 5, 2 (Winter 1994): 52–61. "Socrates, Modernism, and the Problem of a Genuine Postmodernism."In Plato and Postmodernism (Glenside, PA: The Aldine Press, 1994), pp. 29–39. "The New Social Psychology of France: The Heritage of Jacques Lacan." Religion (1993) 23: 61–69. "The New Social Psychology of France: The Girardian School." Religion (1993) 23: 255–63. "The Epochal Particularism of Modernity."Gallatin Review 12 (no. 1, Winter 1992–93): 87–95. "Socrates, Modernity, Postmodernism." Hellas, 3, 1 (Spring 1992): 27–41. "Augustine's New Trinity: The Anxious Circle of Metaphor." In Innovation in Religious Traditions: Essays in the Interpretation of Religious Change, ed. Michael A. Williams, Collett Cox, and Martin S. Jaffee.Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 1992. Pp. 191–214. "Religion, Modernity, and the Humanities", Religious Studies and Theology, 11, nos. 2 & 3 (1991): 18–35. "Recent French Psychoanalytic Thought and the Psychology of Religion." Religious Studies and Theology, 8, nos.1 & 2 (January, May, 1988): 31–44. "The Ecumenical Significance of Lonergan's Theological Method." Ecumenical Trends, 17, no. 4 (April 1988): 49–52. "Metaphysics or Existenzerhellung:  A Comparison of Lonergan and Voegelin." Religious Studies and Theology, 7, nos. 2+3 (1987): 36–47."The Hermeneutic of Greek Trinitarianism: An Approach Through Intentionality Analysis." In Religion in Context, ed. Timothy P. Fallon and Philip Boo Riley. Lanham, Maryland: University Press of America, 1988. "Politics and the Problem of a Philosophical Rhetoric in the Thought of Eric Voegelin", Journal of Politics, 48, 1 (1986): 260–273. "The Alchemy of Man and the Alchemy of God:  The Alchemist as Cultural Symbol in Modern Thought", Religion and Literature 17, 1 (Spring 1985): 47–60. "Eric Voegelin (1901–1985) : Eulogy at Stanford Memorial Chapel."Sequoia, 29, no. 2 (1985): 96–98. "The Pneumatology of Bernard Lonergan:  A Byzantine Comparison", Religious Studies and Theology 5, 2 (1985): 13–23. "Mesopotamian Religion", in Denise L.Carmody and John T. Carmody, Ways to the Center: An Introduction to World Religions, Second edition (Belmont, Calif.:  Wadsworth Publishing, 1984), pp. 199–205. "Faith, Truth and Persuasion in the Thought of Eric Voegelin", in Voegelin and the Theologian: Ten Studies in Interpretation, Toronto Studies in Theology, Vol. 10, ed.John Kirby and William M. Thompson. (New York and Toronto: Edwin Mellen Press, 1983), pp. 356–69. "Luther and Zen:  Cultural Implications of Doctrines of Sudden Deliverance", in Michael A. Williams, ed., Charisma and Sacred Biography, Journal of the American Academy of Religion Thematic Studies, 48, 3 and 4 (1982): 69–86. "The Spiritual Crisis of Modernity: Keynes, Beckett, Baudelaire." Soundings:  An Interdisciplinary Journal 62, 2 (Summer 1979): 131–143. "Eric Voegelin's Theory of Revelation."The Thomist, 42, 1 (January 1978): 95–122. Reprinted in Eric Voegelin's Thought: A Critical Appraisal, ed. Ellis Sandoz. Durham: Duke University Press, 1982, pp. 157–78. "Self and Cosmos:  Religion as Strategy and Exploration in the Novels of E. M. Forster."Soundings:  An Interdisciplinary Journal, 59, 2 (Summer 1976): 186–203. "George Herbert and the Language of Disclosure." West Coast Review  10, 3 (February 1976):  44–46. "Pozzo in Bloomsbury: A Possible Allusion in Beckett's Waiting for Godot." Journal of Modern Literature 5, 2 (April 1976): 326–331. "Yukio Mishima's Cosmology." West Coast Review 10, l (June 1975): 48–53."The Religious Thought of W. H. Auden: The Ambiguity of the Sacred." Soundings:  An Interdisciplinary Journal 58,  4 (Winter 1974): 439–57. "Hermine and the Problem of Harry's Failure in Hesse's Steppenwolf." Modern Fiction Studies 18, 7 (1971): 115–24. "Criticism and the Creative Process." West Coast Review  2, 2 (Fall 1967): 13–20. See also
Comparative religion
Henotheism

References

External links
Lectures and Essays
The Jackson School of International Studies website
Worldview and Mind: Religious Thought and Psychological Development

University of Washington faculty
University of Washington alumni
Living people
1938 births

masks:
Eugene Webb
Webb
Webb
Webb
Webb
Webb


title: George Townshend, 1st Marquess Townshend

type: original

texts:
Field Marshal <mask>, 1st <mask>, PC (28 February 172414 September 1807), known as The Viscount <mask> from 1764 to 1787, was a British soldier and politician. After serving at the Battle of Dettingen during the War of the Austrian Succession and the Battle of Culloden during the Jacobite Rising, <mask> took command of the British forces for the closing stages of the Battle of the Plains of Abraham during the Seven Years' War. He went on to be Lord Lieutenant of Ireland or Viceroy where he introduced measures aimed at increasing the size of Irish regiments, reducing corruption in Ireland and improving the Irish economy. In cooperation with Prime Minister North in London he solidified governmental control over Ireland. He also served as Master-General of the Ordnance, first in the North Ministry and then in the Fox–North Coalition. Military career

Early years

Born the son of <mask>, 3rd Viscount Townshend, and Audrey Etheldreda <mask> (born Harrison), <mask> was educated at Eton College and St John's College, Cambridge. He joined the army as a volunteer in Summer 1743 and first saw action at the Battle of Dettingen in June 1743 during the War of the Austrian Succession.He became a captain in the 7th Regiment of Dragoons in April 1745 and saw action in the Netherlands. He fought at the Battle of Culloden in April 1746 during the Jacobite Rising, and having been appointed an aide-de-Camp to the Duke of Cumberland and having transferred to the 20th Regiment of Foot in February 1747, he took part in the Battle of Lauffeld in July 1747 during the later stages of the War of the Austrian Succession. While serving in Belgium, <mask> was elected Member of Parliament for Norfolk unopposed in 1747. He became a captain in the 1st Regiment of Foot Guards and lieutenant colonel in the Army on 25 February 1748. In 1751 he wrote a pamphlet which was deeply critical of Cumberland's military skills. Meanwhile, he argued in parliament that courts martial rather than commanding officers should be responsible for discipline in the Army, pressed for a larger militia and smaller standing army and was personally responsible for ensuring that the Militia Act of 1757 reached the statute book. Promoted to the rank of colonel on 6 May 1758, he became colonel of the 64th Regiment of Foot in June 1759.Seven Years' War
<mask> was given command of a brigade in Quebec under General James Wolfe; when the latter died on 13 September 1759, and his second-in-command (Robert Monckton) was wounded, <mask> took command of the British forces during Battle of the Plains of Abraham. He received Quebec City's surrender on 18 September 1759. However, he held General Wolfe in much contempt (drawing Wolfe in caricature he created Canada's first cartoon), and was harshly criticized upon his return to Great Britain for that reason (Wolfe was a popular hero throughout the country). Nevertheless, he became colonel of the 28th Regiment of Foot in October 1759, was promoted to major general on 6 March 1761 and fought at the Battle of Villinghausen in July 1761. In May 1762 he took command of a division of the Anglo-Portuguese army, with the local rank of lieutenant-general, to protect Portugal during the Spanish invasion of Portugal. Post-war

<mask> became Lieutenant-General of the Ordnance in the Grenville Ministry in March 1763 and succeeded his father as Viscount <mask> in March 1764. Viceroy of Ireland
He went on to be Lord Lieutenant of Ireland in the Chatham Ministry in August 1767 and introduced measures aimed at increasing the size of Irish regiments, reducing corruption in Ireland and improving the Irish economy.After the Parliament of Ireland rejected his money bill, <mask> prorogued parliament in November 1767, making himself very unpopular in Dublin. Most important, he collaborated with Prime Minister Lord North in London in solidified governmental control over Ireland. Later life
Promoted to the substantive rank of lieutenant general on 30 April 1770, he was replaced as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland in September 1772. <mask> returned to office as Master-General of the Ordnance in the North Ministry in October 1772. In the aftermath of his unpopular tour in Ireland, he found himself fighting a duel with Charles Coote, 1st Earl of Bellomont, an Irish Peer, on 2 February 1773, badly wounding the Earl with a bullet in the groin. <mask> became colonel of the 2nd Dragoon Guards in July 1773. In 1779 Richard Edwards, Governor of Newfoundland and Labrador, began work on Fort Townshend, a fortification in Newfoundland and Labrador, naming it after Lord <mask>.<mask> stood down as Master-General of the Ordnance in March 1782 when the <mask> of Rockingham came to power but, having been promoted to full general on 26 November 1782, was restored to the post of Master-General of the Ordnance in the Fox–North Coalition in April 1783. He retired from that office when William Pitt the Younger came to power in January 1784. Created <mask> on 27 October 1787, <mask> became Lord Lieutenant of Norfolk in February 1792. He also became Governor of Kingston-upon-Hull in 1794 and Governor of the Royal Hospital Chelsea in July 1795. A peculiar tragedy befell <mask> in May 1796: his son, Lord Charles, had just been elected MP for Great Yarmouth, and he took a carriage to London with his brother, the Rev. Lord Frederick, the Rector of Stiffkey. During the journey, Lord Frederick inexplicably killed his brother with a pistol shot to the head, and was ultimately adjudged insane.Promoted to field marshal on 30 July 1796, <mask> died at his family home, Raynham Hall in Norfolk on 14 September 1807 and was buried in the family vault there. Family
On 19 December 1751, <mask> had married Charlotte Compton, 16th Baroness Ferrers of Chartley (d. 1770), daughter of James Compton, 5th Earl of Northampton. They had eight children:

 <mask>, 2nd <mask> (1755–1811)
 Lord <mask> (19 January 175725 February 1833)
 Lady <mask> (died 21 March 1811)
 The Rev. Lord Frederick Patrick <mask> (30 December 176718 January 1836)
 Lord <mask> (176827 May 1796)
 Lady Charlotte (1757-16 December 1757)
Lady Caroline
Lady <mask>

He married Anne Montgomery, the daughter of Sir William Montgomery, 1st Baronet, on 19 May 1773. Anne was Mistress of the Robes to Caroline, Princess of Wales, from 1795 to 1820. They had six children:
 Lord <mask> (1778–1794)
 Captain Lord James Nugent Boyle Bernardo <mask> (11 September 178528 June 1842)
 Lady <mask> (1775-1826)
 Lady <mask> (16 March 177630 July 1856), married the 6th Duke of Leeds. Lady Honoria <mask> (1777–1826)
 Lady <mask> (died 9 November 1848)

References

Sources

Further reading
 Bartlett, Thomas."Viscount <mask> and the Irish Revenue Board, 1767-73." Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, Section C (1979): 153–175.

masks:
George Townshend
Marquess Townshend
Townshend
Townshend
Charles Townshend
Townshend
Townshend
Townshend
Townshend
Townshend
Townshend
Townshend
Townshend
Townshend
Townshend
Townshend
Townshend
Marquess
Marquess Townshend
Townshend
Townshend
Townshend
Townshend
George Townshend
Marquess Townshend
John Townshend
Elizabeth Townshend
Townshend
Charles Townshend
Frances Townshend
William Townshend
Townshend
Anne Townshend
Charlotte Townshend
Townshend
Henrietta Townshend
Townshend


title: B. D. Amis

texts:
<mask> (7 July 1896 – 9 June 1993), known as B. D<mask>, was an African-American labor organizer and civil rights leader. Particularly influential in the fight for African Americans and workers during the period of official segregation in the South and informal discrimination throughout the country, <mask> is most remembered for his militant Communist activism on behalf of the notable legal cases of the falsely-accused Scottsboro Boys, the African-American organizer Angelo Herndon, as well as the white labor leader Tom Mooney. Biography
Born <mask> in Chicago, Illinois, in 1896, Amis went by B. D<mask> throughout his life, although often signing his letters as "B. <mask>is" in the 1930s. Growing up in the black neighborhoods of Chicago, B. D<mask> was strongly influenced by the anti-lynching writings of Ida B<mask>, a Southern-born African-American journalist, civil rights leader, and women's rights activist then living in Chicago. Politically involved since the early 1920s, by 1928, Amis was president of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People's Peoria branch. The recently founded Communist Party, organized on a favorable position towards African Americans, provided an invitation to a meeting in New York City, which made a profoundly interested him as one of the few non-black organizations in the 1920s willing to seriously struggle against racism, and Amis would soon be working with William Z. Foster, the party leader and presidential candidate, whom Amis would help renominate together with the African-American vice president nominee James W. Ford in 1932.Amis began contributing to Party journals not long afterward. The 1930 "Lynch Justice" attacked the Communist Party's leftist opposition, the less radical Socialist Party, which, although progressive in relation to the idea of African-American equality in the northern states, had decided to abstain from taking a position on the rights of African Americans. <mask> wrote:

From 1930, Amis headed the newly formed League of Struggle for Negro Rights, a radical organization formed on the basis of Leninist principles; although seeing black sovereignty in majority-black areas of the South as an ideal, given the fever-pitch racism then prevailing in the United States, the organization focused on publicizing the plight of the oppressed black minority through its newspaper, The Liberator, which B. D<mask> edited, and on promoting direct action protests against lynching, tenant evictions, and the Jim Crow segregation laws, as well as racism in the legal system and other manifestations. In 1933, the League issued a "Bill of Rights for the Negro People" – a document calling on Franklin Roosevelt to protect African Americans; a petition for action from the president was carried to Washington, D.C. by 3,500 activists. In 1931 – almost right after Amis had completed writing "Lynching Justice" – the Scottsboro Boys case came to light in Alabama: nine young black men who had gotten into a fight with a group of white youth were subsequently charged with raping two white women. By sundown on the same day, a freshly formed lynch mob was demanding that the youths be surrendered to them for immediate lynching. Authorities pleaded against mob violence by promising speedy trials and asking "the Judge to send them to the chair"; fifteen days later, eight were sentenced to death, and the Communist Party managed to convince the parents of the minors to let International Labor Defense take charge of the defense.Deeply involved in the case, Amis travelled to Alabama. Amis' 1931 commentary about the case, juxtaposed against a set of photographs from Scottsboro, "They Shall Not Die! The Story of Scottsboro in Pictures" –  published in the June 6 copy of The Liberator – galvanized as a rallying cry for the accused defendants at the beginning of the trials. B. D<mask>' son, <mask><mask>, writes that

Amis and Scottsboro historian William T. Howard writes that <mask>' article "gave the Party campaign its slogan," which spread far beyond both the Deep South and the United States. In addition to the coverage of the case received in the Soviet Union, where "the word 'Negro' was [at the time] synonymous with Scottsboro boys," Communist-organized protests were soon being arranged globally – far from the initial demonstrations organized in Harlem. William T. Howard writes that

The Communists proceeded to appeal the case upward on the hierarchy of the judicial system. Although the Scottsboro Boys, now considered entirely innocent of any charges, did serve time for their convictions after a subsequent retrial, their defense by the Communists succeeded in a number of pioneering ways, notably exposing for the entire nation the racism inherent in Alabama's court system.With ILD-hired attorney Sam Leibowitz embarrassing the Alabama prosecutors by noting in front of the Supreme Court that African Americans were entirely excluded from Alabama juries, the Alabama court system was forced to add one black man to the jury – though he was easily outvoted by the eleven white jurors, the event was the first time that the racial balance of the jurors was made an issue in the proceedings. Moreover, the post-retrial sentencing of the Scottsboro boys demarcated the first time that a black man had been sentenced to anything other than death in the rape of a white woman in Alabama. Sam Leibowitz and the Communist Party's ILD attorneys also succeeded in proving that the black names added to the roster of jurors for the review of the Supreme Court had been forged by the state. All of the boys managed to escape the death sentences originally handed out by the local Scottsboro, Alabama court; with international pressure mounting on the state, four were released as innocent of the charges as soon as the late 1930s. As the campaign to secure the freedom of the accused Scottsboro Boys was being run, the jailing of Angelo Herndon, a teenaged African-American communist convicted of insurrection after attempting to organize black industrial workers in 1932 in Atlanta, Georgia, became another cause for fierce activism, as Georgia authorities sought to make a case against Herndon based on his advocacy of communism: Herndon had led a racially integrated march of the unemployed in 1932 and was subsequently arrested when Georgia police found Communist Party literature was found in his bedroom. <mask>, as leader of the League of Struggle for Negro Rights, participated in the campaign for Herndon's release, although the party's efforts were already heavily committed to the release of the nine Scottsboro teenagers. <mask>' other work for the Communist Party took him to various locations within the country.He went on to become District Organizer for the Communist Party in Cleveland. He also travelled outside the United States. He took advantage of the opportunity to study formally in the Soviet Union as well as to hone further organizing skill, and contributed writings for the Negro Worker, the newspaper of the International Trade Union Committee of Negro Workers while working abroad. The 1930s also saw Amis engage in the radical campaign to free Tom Mooney, the militant white socialist labor leader whose jailing in the 1910s, like those of the African-American defendants, had been conducted in a lynch mob atmosphere – even as evidence against Mooney had also been faked and testimony against the activist would be revealed as perjured. In his capacity as a politician, Amis to publicize the Mooney case among both black and white workers. Nominating William Z. Foster for presidential candidate during the Communist Party's Chicago convention in 1932, Amis spoke of Foster's support for Mooney figured prominently in <mask>' endorsement; Amis described Foster as "an outstanding fighter" for the freedom of Tom Mooney as well as <mask> and the Scottsboro Boys, all reasons "which prove his ability to lead workers today in deadly struggle against war and capitalism" and showing "the revolutionary way out of the crisis.. ."

Having moved to Pennsylvania in the 1930s, <mask> ran a 1936 campaign for state general auditor and supporting the national Foster-Ford campaign in the national electoral race. His later activity included organizing the Catering Industry Employees Union, Local 758, an African-American local of the Hotel and Restaurant Employees and Bartenders International Union (AFL), serving as an elected officers of both unions in the later 1930s and early 1940s. A longtime activist in Pennsylvania, <mask> subsequently worked for the Gulf Oil Company, while continuing his radical union and community organizing activities. <mask> died in Alexandria, Virginia on June 9, 1993, thirty days before his 97th birthday – committed to his radical principles throughout his life. <mask>' son <mask><mask>, a Professor of Education at Michigan State and Purdue universities, helped pioneer the development of African-American literature courses at Michigan State. Amis' archive of papers and important documents, made public for the interests of general research by the Communist Party, presently reside at New York University's Tamiment Library. See also
 Civil rights movement (1896–1954)
 The Communist Party USA and African-Americans
 The Scottsboro Boys
 Communist Party USA
 League of Struggle for Negro Rights
 The Liberator (magazine)

References

Further reading
 Walter T. Howard (Ed.)B.D<mask>, African American Radical: A Short Anthology of Writings and Speeches. Lanham, Md. : University Press of America, 2007. Walter T. Howard, We Shall Be Free! : Black Communist Protests in Seven Voices. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press, 2013.External links
 "B.D<mask> – Black Communist and Labor Leader" – A remembrance by B. D<mask>' son, Dr. <mask><mask> (People's Weekly World). "Guide to the B. D. Amis Papers, 1930–2004 (Bulk 1930–1949): Tamiment 355" – A biographical introduction from New York University's Tamiment Library and Robert F. Wagner Labor Archive. 1896 births
1993 deaths
People from Chicago
African-American people in Pennsylvania politics
American Marxists
American socialists
American communists
African-American trade unionists
American anti-racism activists
American community activists
African-American Marxists
Communist Party USA politicians
Pennsylvania politicians
Trade unionists from Pennsylvania
Activists from Philadelphia
Activists from Chicago

masks:
Benjamin DeWayne Amis
. Amis
Amis
Benjamin DeWayne Amis
. Amis
DeWayne Am
. Amis
. Wells Barnett
Amis
. Amis
. Amis
Barry D
. Amis
Amis
Amis
Amis
Amis
Edith Berkman
Amis
Amis
Amis
Amis
Barry D
. Amis
. Amis
. Amis
. Amis
Barry D
. Amis


title: Keith Carradine

texts:
<mask> ( ; born August 8, 1949) is an American actor who has had success on stage, film, and television. He is known for his roles as Tom Frank in Robert Altman's film Nashville, Wild Bill Hickok in the HBO series Deadwood, FBI agent Frank Lundy in Dexter, Lou Solverson in the first season of Fargo, and US president Conrad Dalton in Madam Secretary. As a member of the Carradine family, he is part of an acting dynasty that began with his father, John Carradine. Early life
Carradine was born in San Mateo, California. He is the son of actress and artist Sonia Sorel (née Henius), and actor <mask>. His full brothers are Christopher and Robert Carradine, both of whom are actors. His paternal half-brothers are Bruce and David Carradine.His maternal half-brother is Michael Bowen. His maternal great-grandfather was biochemist Max Henius, and his maternal great-grandmother was the sister of historian Johan Ludvig Heiberg. Carradine's childhood was troubled; he has said that his father drank and his mother "was a manic depressive paranoid schizophrenic catatonic—she had it all." His parents were divorced in 1957, when he was eight years old. A bitter custody battle led to his father gaining custody of him and his brothers, Christopher and Robert, after the children had spent three months in a home for abused children as wards of the court. <mask> said of the experience, "It was like being in jail. There were bars on the windows, and we were only allowed to see our parents through glass doors.It was very sad. We would stand there on either side of the glass door crying." He was raised in San Mateo primarily by his maternal grandmother, and he rarely saw either of his parents. His mother was not permitted to see him for eight years following the custody settlement. Carradine attended the Ojai Valley School, where he was active in the school's theater department, performing in productions of Aria da Capo and The Madwoman of Chaillot. After high school, Carradine entertained the thought of becoming a forest ranger, and enrolled at Colorado State University in Fort Collins. "I had this idyllic fantasy of sitting somewhere communing with nature and chatting with the bears," he recalled, "[but] I didn't want to have to learn anything."He changed his major to drama after enrolling, but dropped out after one semester and returned to California, moving in with his older half-brother, David, who encouraged him to pursue an acting career, paid for his acting and vocal lessons, and helped him get an agent. Career

Stage
As a youth, Carradine had opportunities to appear on stage with his father in the latter's productions of Shakespeare. Thus, he had some background in theater when he was cast in the original Broadway run of Hair (1969), which launched his acting career. In that production he started out in the chorus and worked his way up to the lead roles playing Woof and Claude. He said of his involvement in Hair, "I really didn't plan to audition. I just went along with my brother, David, and his girlfriend at the time, Barbara Hershey, and two of their friends. I was simply going to play the piano for them while they sang, but I'm the one the staff wound up getting interested in."His stage career is further distinguished by his Tony-nominated performance for Best Actor (Musical) as the title character in the Tony Award-winning musical, The Will Rogers Follies in 1991, for which he also received a Drama Desk Award nomination. He won the Outer Critics Circle Award for Foxfire with Hume Cronyn and Jessica Tandy, and appeared as Lawrence in Dirty Rotten Scoundrels at the Imperial Theater. In 2008, he appeared as Dr. Farquhar Off-Broadway in Mindgame, a thriller by Antony Horowitz, directed by Ken Russell, who made his New York directorial debut with the production. In March and April 2013, he starred in the Broadway production of Hands on a Hardbody. He was nominated for the Tony Award and the Drama Desk Award for his work. Film

Carradine's first notable film appearance was in director Robert Altman's McCabe & Mrs. Miller (1971). His next film, Emperor of the North Pole (1973), was re-released with a shorter title Emperor of the North.Carradine played a young aspiring hobo. The film was directed by Robert Aldrich and also starred Lee Marvin and Ernest Borgnine. Carradine then starred in Altman's film Thieves Like Us (1974), then played a principal character, a callow, womanizing folk singer, Tom Frank, in Altman's critically acclaimed film Nashville (1975; see "Music and songwriting"). He had difficulty shaking the image of Tom Frank following the popularity of the film. He felt the role gave him the reputation of being "a cad." In 1977 Aldrich said "I think that <mask>ne, if he's careful—I don't think he is careful—and if he's prudent about the selection of his parts, can be a great big movie star. I think that whoever's advising him is making some terrible selections about material.Because I think the guy is gifted, he's talented, he's attractive." In 1977, Carradine starred opposite Harvey Keitel in Ridley Scott's The Duellists. Pretty Baby followed in 1978. He has acted in several offbeat films of Altman's protege Alan Rudolph, playing a disarmingly candid madman in Choose Me (1984), an incompetent petty criminal in Trouble in Mind (1985), and an American artist in 1930s Paris in The Moderns (1988). He appeared with brothers David and Robert as the Younger brothers in Walter Hill's film The Long Riders (1980). <mask> played Jim Younger in that film. In 1981, he appeared again under Hill's direction in Southern Comfort.In 1994, he had a cameo role as Will Rogers in Rudolph's film about Dorothy Parker, Mrs. Parker and the Vicious Circle. He co-starred with Daryl Hannah as homicidal sociopath John Netherwood in the thriller The Tie That Binds (1995). In 2011, he starred in Cowboys and Aliens, an American science fiction western film directed by Jon Favreau also starring Daniel Craig, Harrison Ford, and Olivia Wilde. Carradine traveled to Tuscany in 2012 to executive produce and star in John Jopson's Edgar Allan Poe inspired film Terroir. In 2013, he starred in Ain't Them Bodies Saints, which won the 2013 Sundance Film Festival award for cinematography. In 2016 <mask> played Edward Dickinson, father of Emily Dickinson, in A Quiet Passion, a biographical film directed and written by Terence Davies about the life of the American poet. In 2016 Carradine returned to star in his fourth Alan Rudolph film Ray Meets Helen, which was the final screen appearance of Sondra Locke.Music and songwriting
His brother, David, said in an interview that <mask> could play any instrument he wanted, including bagpipes and the French horn. Like David, <mask> integrated his musical talents with his acting performances. In 1975, he performed a song he had written, "I'm Easy", in the movie Nashville. It was a popular hit, and Carradine won a Golden Globe and an Oscar for Best Original Song for the tune. This led to a brief singing career; he signed a contract with Asylum Records and released two albums – I'm Easy (1976) and Lost & Found (1978). His song "Mr. Blue" was number 44 in the Canadian AC charts in April 1978. In 1984, he appeared in the music video for Madonna's single "Material Girl".In the early 1990s, he played the lead role in the Tony Award-winning musical The Will Rogers Follies. Television
In 1972, Carradine appeared briefly in the first season of the hit television series, Kung Fu, which starred his brother, David. <mask> played a younger version of David's character, Kwai Chang Caine. In 1987, he starred in the highly rated CBS miniseries Murder Ordained with JoBeth Williams and Kathy Bates. Other TV appearances include My Father My Son (1988), a television film. In 1983, he appeared as Foxy Funderburke, a murderous pedophile, in the television miniseries Chiefs, based on the Stuart Woods novel of the same name. His performance in Chiefs earned him a nomination for an Emmy Award in the "Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Limited Series or a Special" category.Carradine also starred in the ABC sitcom Complete Savages, and he played Wild Bill Hickok in the HBO series Deadwood. Carradine hosted the documentary Wild West Tech series on the History Channel in the 2003–2004 season, before handing the job over to his brother, David. In the 2005 miniseries Into the West, produced by Steven Spielberg and DreamWorks, Carradine played Richard Henry Pratt. During the second and fourth seasons of the Showtime series Dexter, he appeared numerous times as FBI Special Agent Frank Lundy. Carradine is credited with guest starring twice on the suspense-drama Criminal Minds, as the psychopathic serial killer Frank Breitkopf. Other shows he appeared in include The Big Bang Theory (as Penny's father Wyatt), Star Trek: Enterprise ("First Flight" episode) and the Starz series Crash. Carradine also made a guest appearance on NCIS in 2014.Also in 2014, he had a recurring role as Lou Solverson in the FX series Fargo, followed by a recurring role as President Conrad Dalton on Madam Secretary. He was promoted to series regular starting with the show's second season. In July 2016, Carradine hosted a month-long series of Western films on Turner Classic Movies. He appeared in dozens of wraparounds on the channel, discussing such films as Stagecoach, featuring his father, and McCabe and Mrs. Miller, in which he himself appears in a small role. Video games
In 2012, Carradine lent his voice to the video game Hitman: Absolution, voicing the primary antagonist Blake Dexter. Personal life
Carradine met actress Shelley Plimpton in the Broadway musical Hair. She was married to actor Steve Curry, although they were separated; she and Carradine became romantically involved.After <mask> left the show and was in California he learned that Shelley was pregnant and had reunited with Curry. He met his daughter, Martha Plimpton, when she was four years old, after Shelley and Steve Curry had divorced. He said of Shelley, "She did a hell of a job raising Martha. I was not there. I was a very young man, absolutely terrified. She just took that in, and then she welcomed me into Martha's life when I was ready." <mask> married Sandra Will on February 6, 1982.They were separated in 1993, before Will filed for divorce in 1999. The couple had two children: Cade Richmond Carradine (born July 19, 1982) and Sorel Johannah Carradine (born June 18, 1985). In 2006, Will pleaded guilty to two counts of perjury for lying to a grand jury about her involvement in the Anthony Pellicano wire tap scandal. She hired and then became romantically involved with Pellicano after her divorce from Carradine. According to FBI documents, Pellicano tapped Carradine's telephone and recorded calls between him and girlfriend Hayley Leslie DuMond at Will's request, along with DuMond's parents. Carradine filed a civil lawsuit against Will and Pellicano which was settled in 2013 before it went to trial. On November 18, 2006, Carradine married actress Hayley DuMond, in Turin, Italy.They met in 1997 when they co-starred in the Burt Reynolds film The Hunter's Moon. Filmography

Film

Television

Video games

Awards and nominations

See also
Carradine family
List of 1970s one-hit wonders in the United States

References

Further reading
Pilato, Herbie J. The Kung Fu Book of Caine: The Complete Guide to TV's First Mystical Eastern Western. Boston: Charles A. Tuttle, 1993. External links

Official site Mindgame
BroadwayWorld.com interview with <mask>ne, October 16, 2008

American male film actors
American male musical theatre actors
American male stage actors
American male television actors
American male video game actors
American male voice actors
American people of Danish descent
1949 births
Living people
Carradine family
Male actors from California
Best Original Song Academy Award-winning songwriters
Golden Globe Award-winning musicians
Male actors from the San Francisco Bay Area
People from Topanga, California
Songwriters from California
20th-century American male actors
21st-century American male actors
20th-century American singers
21st-century American singers
20th-century American male singers
21st-century American male singers
Audiobook narrators
American male songwriters

masks:
Keith Ian Carradine
John Carradine
Keith
Keith Carradi
Keith
Keith
Keith
Keith
Keith
Carradine
Carradine
Keith Carradi


title: Ursula Hoff

texts:
<mask>  (26 December 1909 in London, UK – 10 January 2005 in Melbourne) was an Australian scholar and prolific author on art. She enjoyed a long career at the National Gallery of Victoria in Melbourne, where she was deputy director from 1968 to 1973. Her involvement then continued when she was appointed London Adviser of the Felton Bequest (1975–83), a major charitable foundation dedicated to the NGV. Early years

<mask> was born on 26 December 1909 in London to <mask>, Hamburg-based German Jewish merchant, and his wife, née Thusnelde Margarethe (Tussi) Bulcke, of a German Lutheran upper-middle-class family. Shortly after her birth, the family moved to Hamburg, where <mask> grew up and completed her primary and secondary education. In 1930, <mask> commenced academic studies spread between the universities of Frankfurt, Cologne, and Munich; later the same year, she commenced studies at the University of Hamburg; among her teachers were Erwin Panofsky, Aby Warburg, Ernst Cassirer, and Fritz Saxl. Upon Adolf Hitler's appointment as Chancellor of Germany and the introduction of anti-Jewish measures in January 1933, <mask>'s father, <mask>, left immediately for London; <mask> and her mother Tussi followed him shortly in July.Because she was born in England, <mask> was able to take up British citizenship, and due to her excellent English, she was quickly absorbed into British academic and cultural institutions. Over the next several years she worked with the curatorial staff at the Ashmolean Museum in Oxford; the British Museum; at the Courtauld Institute of Art. However, existing employment regulations in England barred her, and many other refugees, from permanent full-time positions. She was also able to continue working on a doctoral thesis, Rembrandt und England, which investigated the influence of Rembrandt Harmensz. van Rijn in the eighteenth-century England, primarily through the appointment of Sir Godfrey Kneller to the court of William III of England in 1688. From 1934 to 1935 returned to complete her thesis at the University of Hamburg, where she was awarded a PhD. From 1935 to 1939 <mask> continued living in London and working in a variety of curatorial and research positions at the Royal Academy; National Gallery; and the British Museum; and wrote for the Journal of the Warburg Institute and the Burlington Magazine.National Gallery of Victoria

In December 1939, <mask> arrived in Australia to take up a position of secretary at the University Women's College, University of Melbourne. In 1942, she was invited by Sir Daryl Lindsay, the newly appointed director of the National Gallery of Victoria, to deliver a series of lunch time lectures at Melbourne's premier cultural institution. In 1943, Lindsay appointed <mask> as the NGV's Assistant Keeper of Prints and Drawings. She thus became the first woman and first tertiary qualified art historian to work within a state gallery in Australia. <mask> remained at the NGV until her retirement in 1973, becoming Keeper of Prints and Drawings in 1949, and its deputy director in 1968. During her tenure at the National Gallery of Victoria, Hoff pioneered the professional cataloguing of the NGV's holdings; produced important and internationally recognised publications and catalogues of its collections; curated numerous important exhibitions; published monographs on Charles Conder, William Blake, Rembrandt, and many others; secured important works by Paul Klee, Marc Chagall, Albrecht Dürer, Rembrandt, Pablo Picasso, Anthony van Dyck, Giovanni Batista Tiepolo, Salvador Dalí, and innumerable others for the NGV's collection; became Founding Editor of the Art Bulletin of Victoria; and published extensively in Australian and International art journals. An excellent source on <mask>'s early years and her work at the National Gallery of Victoria is Sheridan Palmer's Centre of the Periphery: Three European Art Historians in Melbourne (Nth Melbourne, Vic: Australian Scholarly Publishing, 2008).London advisor to the Felton Bequest

In 1975, <mask> was appointed advisor to the Felton Bequest and moved to London. Over her tenure as the London Advisor, she secured many outstanding works for the National Gallery of Victoria, including Francisco de Goya, Robert Rauschenberg, Bridget Riley, François Boucher, Canaletto, Pierre-Auguste Renoir, and an important suite of 16th- and 17th-century Indian Mughal miniatures. She continued travelling extensively to research the NGV's collection; assist with the loan exhibition of masterpieces from the State Hermitage, Leningrad, USSR (now St Petersburg, Russia), which toured Australian galleries 1979–80; and continued contributing articles to Australian and International art journals. During her time overseas, she also advised the Everard Studley Miller Bequest, the Art Foundation of Victoria, Art Gallery of South Australia, National Gallery of Australia, as well as a number of high-profile private collections, notably that of James Fairfax. <mask> retired as London Advisor of the Felton Bequest in April 1983. Important sources on Hoff's years as London Advisor of the Felton Bequest are her meticulously kept diaries, which had been donated to the  University of Melbourne Archives; and Colin Holden's The Outsider: A Portrait of <mask> (Nth Melbourne, Vic: Australian Scholarly Publishing, 2009). Educational role

<mask> also played an important role in education of art history in Australia.In 1947, she was invited by Professor Joseph Burke, the inaugural Herald Chair of Fine Arts at the University of Melbourne, to join the teaching staff of his new department. In consequence of her appointment at the National Gallery of Victoria, Hoff taught part-time and in the evenings. <mask>'s teaching was firmly in the tradition of Erwin Panofsky, revealing the meaning of disguised symbols. First-year students had to read Panofsky's Studies in Iconology (1939) and Meaning in the Visual Arts (1955). She reinforced her lectures by conducting seminars for students in the NGV's Print Room. <mask> continued her dual position of the NGV curator and the University of Melbourne lecturer until her move to London in 1974. Upon her return from London in 1984, <mask> was invited to resume her teaching at the University of Melbourne, and in 1986 she was appointed senior associate, Department of Fine Arts, University of Melbourne.The importance of <mask>'s educational role in Australia is extensively discussed in Sheridan Palmer's Centre of the Periphery, 2008. Later years

After retiring as London Advisor of the Felton Bequest, <mask> returned to Australia in 1984 and settled in Carlton, Victoria. She was invited to continue lecturing at the University of Melbourne, and in 1986 she was appointed senior associate of the university's department of fine arts. She also continued researching the National Gallery of Victoria's collections; produced the fifth edition of European Paintings before 1800 at the National Gallery of Victoria in 1995; published a monograph on Arthur Boyd; contributed essays to catalogues of exhibitions by Charles Blackman, Arthur Boyd, and John Brack; and wrote for Australian art journals. <mask> died in Heidelberg, Victoria, on 10 January 2005. A private service was organised at St Peter's, Eastern Hill, Melbourne, on 22 January, which was followed by a memorial service on 25 February at the Great Hall of the National Gallery of Victoria. Recognition
Awarded PhD (Hamburg), LLD, DLit (Monash), DLitt (honoris causa)(La Trobe)
Scholarship from Dutch Ministry of Education to Netherlands Institute of Art History 1963
Britannica Australia Award 1966
Appointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in 1970
Awarded Order of Australia (AO) in 1985

Further information

Upon her retirement as its London Advisor, the Felton Bequest commissioned from John Brack a portrait of <mask>, which it then donated to the National Gallery of Victoria.<mask> was an active member of the Australian Academy of the Humanities, serving as president in 1970 and vice-president in 1971. Hoff left the sum of AUD600,000 to fund an annual <mask>t and England. Hamburg, 1941. — Charles I, Patron of Artists. London: Collins, 1942. — Art Appreciation.Melbourne: Australian Army Education Services, 1945. — European Art before 1800, 1st edn. Melbourne: National Gallery of Victoria, 1948. — (with Alan McCulloch, Joan Lindsay, and Daryl Lindsay) Masterpieces of the National Gallery of Victoria. Melbourne: Cheshire, 1949. — (with Laurence Thomas) Jubilee Exhibition of Australian Art. Sydney: Ure Smith, 1951.— National Gallery of Victoria: Catalogue of Selected Pictures. Melbourne: National Gallery of Victoria for the Education Department, c. 1959. — Charles Conder: His Australian Years. Melbourne: National Gallery Society of Victoria, 1960. — The Melbourne Dante Illustrations by William Blake. Melbourne: National Gallery of Victoria, 1961. — European Art before 1800, 2nd edn.Melbourne: National Gallery of Victoria, 1961. — (and Margaret Plant) National Gallery of Victoria: Painting, Drawing, Sculpture. Melbourne: Cheshire, 1968. — European Art before 1800, 3rd edn. Melbourne: National Gallery of Victoria, 1948. — (with Nicholas Draffin) Rembrandt 1606-1696. Melbourne: National Gallery of Victoria, 1969.— (and Martin Davies) Les Primitifs Flamands I: Corpus de la Peinture des Anciens Pays-Bas Méridionaux au Quinzième Siècle 12: National Gallery of Victoria. Brussels: Centre National de Recherches Primitifs Flamands, 1971. — Charles Conder. Melbourne: Lansdowne Press, 1972. — Goethe and the Dutch Interior: a Study in the Imagery of Romanticism. Sydney: Sydney University Press, 1972. — (with introduction by Eric Westbrook) National Gallery of Victoria.London: Thames & Hudson, 1973; reprint 1979. — European Painting and Sculpture before 1800, 4th edn. Melbourne: National Gallery of Victoria, 1973. — The National Gallery of Victoria. London: Thames and Hudson, 1973. — Comments on the London Art Scene touching on changing attitudes in the art trade and on exhibition policies of public galleries and museums. Melbourne: National Gallery of Victoria, 1978.— The Felton Bequest. Melbourne: National Gallery of Victoria, 1983. — (with introduction by T.G. Rosenthal) The Art of Arthur Boyd. London: Deutsch, 1986. — (by Robert Lindsay, with essays by <mask> and Patrick McCaughey) John Brack: A Retrospective Exhibition. Melbourne: National Gallery of Victoria, 1987.— (with Emma Davapriam) European Paintings before 1800 in the National Gallery of Victoria, 5th edn. Melbourne: National Gallery of Victoria, 1995. Articles, in chronological order

 — “Meditation in Solitude”, Journal of the Warburg Institute, 1:4, April 1938, 292–294. — “Peter Paul Rubens”, Old Master Drawings, XIII, June 1938, 14–16. — “Das Wesen der Französischen Kunst in Späten Mittelalter” [Book Review], The Burlington Magazine for Conoisseurs, 73:428, November 1938, 229–30. — “Albert Eckhout, ein niederländischer Maler...” [Book Review], The Burlington Magazine for Connoisseurs, 74:434, May 1939, 248. — “Some Aspects of Adam Elsheimer’s Artistic Development”, The Burlington Magazine for Connoisseurs, 75:437, August 1939, 58–64.— “Some Drawings in the Print Room of the National Gallery of Victoria”, Australian Artist, I, 1947. — “English Monumental Brasses”, Quarterly Bulletin of the National Gallery of Victoria, 3:1, 1948, 6–7. — “Rembrandt’s Drawings” [Book Review], Meanjin, 8:3, spring 1949, 188–190. — “Three Panels Reproduced Here…”, Quarterly Bulletin of the National Gallery of Victoria, 3:4, 1949, 3–4. — “Landscape into Art” [Book Review], Meanjin, 9:4, summer 1950, 313–314. — “The Print Collection”, Quarterly Bulletin of the National Gallery of Victoria, 4:3, 1950, 1–6. — “The Ideals of Topography and Illustration”, Quarterly Bulletin of the National Gallery of Victoria, 5:1, 1951, 4.— “Rembrandt’s Portrait of a Man”, Meanjin, 10:1, autumn 1951: 48–49. — “Reflections

masks:
Ursula Hoff
Ursula Hoff
Hans Leopold Hoff
Ursula
Ursula Hoff
Ursula Hoff
Leopold Hoff
Ursula
Ursula
Hoff
Hoff
Hoff
Hoff
Ursula Hoff
Ursula Hoff
Ursula Hoff
Ursula Hoff
Ursula Hoff
Hoff
Hoff
Hoff
Hoff
Ursula Hoff
Ursula Hoff
Ursula Hoff
Hoff
Ursula Horand
Ursula Hoff


title: Ursula Hoff

texts:
 on the Heidelberg School”, Meanjin, 10:2, winter 1951, 125–33. — “Notes on the Jubilee Exhibition”, Meanjin, 10:2, winter 1951, 145–8. — “Rouault’s Christ’s Head; Constable’s The Loch”, Meanjin, 10:3, spring 1951: 257–8. — “Liotard’s Lady in a Turkish Dress”, Quarterly Bulletin of the National Gallery of Victoria, 5:2, 1951, 3–4. — “Rembrandt van Rijn (1606-1669)”, Quarterly Bulletin of the National Gallery of Victoria, 5:2, 1951, 2–3. — “The Drawing Reproduced Here…”, Quarterly Bulletin of the National Gallery of Victoria, 5:4, 1951, 4.— “St John the Baptist”, Quarterly Bulletin of the National Gallery of Victoria, 6:1, 1952, 3–4. — “Georges Rouault”, Quarterly Bulletin of the National Gallery of Victoria, 6:1, 1952, 5–6. — “The Art of Jean Bellette”, Meanjin, 11:4, summer 1952, 358–60. — “Catalan Stone Figure, 13th Century”, Quarterly Bulletin of the National Gallery of Victoria, 7:1, 1953, 4. — “Australian Paintings”, Quarterly Bulletin of the National Gallery of Victoria, 7:2, 1953, 1–2. — “Matisse’s revolutionary break-away from realistic representation”, Quarterly Bulletin of the National Gallery of Victoria, 7:2, 1953, 3. — “Géricault’s Entombment”, Quarterly Bulletin of the National Gallery of Victoria, 7:3, 1953, 1–2.— “These three recent acquisitions…”, Quarterly Bulletin of the National Gallery of Victoria, 7:3, 1953, 5–6. — “Content and Form in Modern Art”, Meanjin, 12:4, summer 1953, 449–50. — “Charles Conder”, The Burlington Magazine, 96:611, February 1954, 61. — “The Counts Czartoryski of Cracow”, Quarterly Bulletin of the National Gallery of Victoria, 8:2, 1954, 1–2. — “A recent acquisition…”, Quarterly Bulletin of the National Gallery of Victoria, 8:4, 1954, 4. — “Goethe and the Dutch Interior”, Australian Goethe Society Proceedings, 5, 1954/55, 43–48. — “Frederick McCubbin”, Frederick McCubbin, exhib.cat., Melbourne: National Gallery of Victoria, 1955. — “In the early nineties of the last century…”, Quarterly Bulletin of the National Gallery of Victoria, 9:1, 1955, 5–6. — “A group of recently acquired paintings…”, Quarterly Bulletin of the National Gallery of Victoria, 9:2, 1955, 5–6. — “The recently acquired plaque of Christ…”, Quarterly Bulletin of the National Gallery of Victoria, 9:3, 1955, 1–2. — “The landscape with a group of trees…”, Quarterly Bulletin of the National Gallery of Victoria, 9:3, 1955, 3–4. — “The Phases of McCubbin’s Art”, Meanjin, 15:3, spring 1956, 301–6. — “The acquisition through the Felton Bequest…”, Quarterly Bulletin of the National Gallery of Victoria, 10:3, 1956, 1–2.— “By their decision to lend…”, Quarterly Bulletin of the National Gallery of Victoria, 11:1, 1957, 1–2. — “From about 1927 onwards…”, Quarterly Bulletin of the National Gallery of Victoria, 11:2, 1957, 5–6. — “The bicentenary of William Blake”, Quarterly Bulletin of the National Gallery of Victoria, 11:4, 1957, 4–6. — “Albrecht Dürer: the Barlow Collection of Prints in the National Gallery of Victoria”, Meanjin, 16:2, winter 1957, 162–8. — “The Paintings of Arthur Boyd”, Meanjin, 17:2, 1958, 143–7. — “Recent acquisitions to the Print Room”, Quarterly Bulletin of the National Gallery of Victoria, 12:1, 1958, 1–4. — “Two valuable prints”, Quarterly Bulletin of the National Gallery of Victoria, 12:1, 1958, 5–6.— “A pupil of Giulio Campagnola”, Quarterly Bulletin of the National Gallery of Victoria, 12:2, 1958, 4. — “A Sculptor’s Thoughts, by Vera Mukhina” [Book Review], Meanjin, 18:1, 1959, 125–7. — “The Thomas D. Barlow Collection of Dürer’s engravings and woodcuts”, Annual Bulletin of the National Gallery of Victoria, 1, 1959, 14–19. — “Rachel de Ruvigny, Countess of Southampton, by Sir Anthony van Dyck”, Annual Bulletin of the National Gallery of Victoria, 2, 1960, 1–4. — “Portraits Acquired under the Everard Studley Miller Bequest”, Annual Bulletin of the National Gallery of Victoria, 2, 1960, 15–20. — “An Illuminated Byzantine Gospel Book”, Special Bulletin of the National Gallery of Victoria, 1961. — “The Woburn Abbey Paintings”, Meanjin, 21:1, 1962, 93–4.— “Paintings of S.T. Gill” [Book Review], Meanjin, 21:2, 1962, 247–51. — “A Constable Landscape after Claude”, Art Gallery of New South Wales Quarterly, 4:3, 1962, 111–113. — “A New Double Portrait by Rigaud”, Annual Bulletin of the National Gallery of Victoria, 5, 1963, 11–14. — “Recent Additions to the National Gallery”, Annual Bulletin of the National Gallery of Victoria, 5, 1963, 27–30. — “A History of Australian Painting [Book Review], Meanjin, 22:2, winter 1963, 227-35. — “John Olsen” [Book Review], Art and Australia, 1:2, summer 1963, 120.— “A.J.L. McDonnell as adviser to the Felton Bequest and its purchasing policy during the post-war period”, Annual Bulletin of the National Gallery of Victoria, 6, 1964, 2–7. — “Recent Additions to the National Gallery…”, Annual Bulletin of the National Gallery of Victoria, 6, 1964, 27–8. — “Australia’s National Gallery: Dutch and Flemish Pictures in Melbourne”, Apollo, 1964, 448–57. — “Alfred Felton’s Bequest” [Book Review], Meanjin, 23:1, 1964, 103–5. — “The Sources of Hercules and Antaeus by Rubens”, in In Honour of Daryl Lindsay: Essays and Studies, Melbourne: Oxford University Press, 1964. — “Charles Conder”, Art and Australia, 2:1, Summer 1964, 30–7.— “John Brack”, Art and Australia, 2:4, spring 1965, 276–81. — “Perth Art Prize”, Art and Australia, autumn 1965, 107. — “Recent Additions to the National Gallery…”, Annual Bulletin of the National Gallery of Victoria, 7, 1965, 26–31. — “Two Rococo Drawings by Boucher in the Print Room Collection”, Annual Bulletin of the National Gallery of Victoria, 8, 1966/67, 16–25. — “Clark on Rembrandt” [Book Review], The Age, 1967. — “Arthur Streeton at Coogee”, Art and Australia, 5:1, spring 1967, 286–9. — “Charles Conder”, Charles Conder, exhib.cat., Sydney: Art Gallery of New South Wales, 1966; Sheffield: Graves Art Gallery, 1967. — “Recent Additions to the National Gallery…”, Annual Bulletin of the National Gallery of Victoria, 8, 1967–68, 27–33. — “Foreword” [with Eric Westbrook]”, Art Bulletin of Victoria, 9, 1967-68, 3-5. — “Recent Additions to the National Gallery…”, Art Bulletin of Victoria, 9, 1967–68, 38–44. — “European Paintings”, Art and Australia: The National Gallery of Victoria Special Issue, 6:3, Summer 1968, 211–3. — “Prints and Drawings”, Art and Australia: The National Gallery of Victoria Special Issue, 6:3, Summer 1968, 217. — “Witt Collection Drawings in Adelaide”, Art and Australia, 5:4, Autumn 1968, 582.— “Recent Acquisitions and Donations”, Art Bulletin of Victoria, 10, 1968–69, 48–59. — “Rembrandt’s Image in the Twentieth Century”, Art and Australia, 7:1, winter 1969, 58–60. — “Pablo Picasso”, Picasso: La Suite Vollard, exhib. cat., Sydney: Bonython Art Gallery, and Melbourne: Tolarno Gallery, 1969. — “Editorial”, Art Bulletin of Victoria, 11, 1969–70, 2–3. — “Vale Franz Philipp”, Meanjin, 29:3, 1970, 337. — “Tobit Burying the Dead, a Newly Acquired Drawing by G.B.Castiglione”, Art Bulletin of Victoria, 12, 1970–71, 19–20. — “In Memory of Franz Philipp”, Art Bulletin of Victoria, 12, 1970–71, 30. — “Bendigo Art Gallery: Louis Buvelot”, Art Bulletin of Victoria, 12, 1970–71, 26. — “A tapestry from a painting by Simon Vouet”, Art Bulletin of Victoria, 13, 1971–72, 25–9. — “Editorial”, Art Bulletin of Victoria, 14, 1973, 4–5. — “Creative though Notorious: Charles Conder”, Hemisphere, 18, 6 Jun 1974, 16–22. — “Tribute to Ian Fairweather”, Meanjin, 33:4, summer 1974, 438–9.— “Rembrandt’s Shell – Conus Marmoreus”, Art Bulletin of Victoria, 16, 1975, 16–19. — “Three newly-acquired Symbolist Graphics by Ensor, Aman-Jean and Munch”, Art Bulletin of Victoria, 17, 1976, 20–28. — “Art Exhibitions in London and Edinburgh May–December 1975”, Art and Australia, 13:4, April–June 1976, 375–80. — “The Print Collection”, Art and Australia: Australian National Gallery Special Issue, 14:4, winter 1977, 308–11. — “Elitism and the Arts: How to Widen the Elite”, Art and Australia, XV:1, September 1977, 73–6. — “Tribute: Anthony Underhill”, Art and Australia, 15:2, summer 1977, 141–3. — “London Letter June 1976 to June 1977”, Art and Australia, 15:2, summer 1977, 200.— “National Gallery” [Book Review], Art and Australia, 15:3, autumn 1978, 247. — “Australian Paintings in British Collections”, Art and Australia, 16:2, summer 1978, 172. — “The Feat of Klee” [Book Review], Meanjin, 38:4, summer 1979, 529–34. — “Paul Klee: Figures and Faces” [Book Review], Art and Australia, 16:3, autumn 1979, 227. — “The Everard Studley Miller Bequest”, in Anthony Bradley and Terry Smith (eds), Australian Art and Architecture: Essays Presented to Bernard Smith. Melbourne: Oxford University Press, 1980. — “USSR: Old Master Paintings”, Art and Australia, 17:3, Autumn 1980, 232–3.— “Australian Paintings in the Royal Collections”, Art and Australia, 17:3, Autumn 1980, 267–9. — “London Letter”, 17:3, Art and Australia, March 1980, 274–5. — “View from London: Observations on the Art in the 1970s”, Art and Australia, 18:2, summer 1980, 138–40. — “USSR: Old Master Paintings”, Art and Australia, 17:3, March 1980, 232–3. — “Jack Manton Collection” [Book Review], Art and Australia, 18:1, spring 1980, 21. — “View from London: Observations on Art in the 1970s”, Art and Australia, 18:2, summer 1980, 138–40. — “Picasso and Velasquez”, Art and Australia, 18:3, autumn 1981, 280.— “London Letter”, Art and Australia, 19:2, summer 1981, 205–8. — “Gustave Courbet: Study for Young Ladies on the Banks of the Seine in Summer”, Art and Australia: Australian National Gallery Special Issue, 20:1, spring 1982, 52–4. — “Cross-currents in Dutch and Flemish painting in the Seventeenth Century”, Apollo, 118, 1983, 57–63. — “Charles Conder, Arthur Streeton, and Tom Roberts”, Apollo, 1983, 508–512. — “Letter from Texas”, Art and Australia, 20:4, winter 1983, 456–60. — “Observations of Art History in Melbourne 1946-1964”, Australian Journal of Art, 3, 1983, 5–9. — Charles Blackman: Works on Paper 1948-1957, exhib.cat., Melbourne: Tolarno Gallery, 1984; Sydney: Holdsworth Gallery, 1985. — “Letter from Italy: Arthur Boyd’s Casa Parentaio and Sculpture Park at Celle”, Art and Australia, 21:4, 1984, 448–9. — “London Letter”, Art and Australia, 22:2, summer 1984, 170–6. — “Saenredam and his Critics”, Australian Journal of Art, 4, 1985, 5–13. — “City Bushmen: the Heidelberg School and the Rural Mythology” [Book Review], Art and Australia, 24:3, winter 1986, 466–71. — “The Landscapes of Arthur Boyd”, Jillian Bradshaw Memorial Lecture, Bentley, WA: Western Australian Institute of Technology, 1986. — “Arthur Boyd, exhib.cat., London: Fischer Fine Art, 1986. — “Obituary: Dr Mary Woodall 1901-1988”, Art Bulletin of Victoria, 29, 1989, 61–3. — “Variation, transformation, and interpretation: Watteau and Lucian Freud”, Art Bulletin of Victoria, 31, 1990, 26–31. — “Arthur Boyd”, Arthur Boyd: The Magic Flute and Other Paintings, exhib. cat., Sydney: Wagner Art Gallery, 1991; New York: Pyramid Gallery, 1991. — “Obituary: Prof. A.D. Trendall”, Art Bulletin of Victoria, 36, 1996, 61. — "Greta Hort”, Australian Dictionary of Biography, Melbourne: Melbourne University Press, 1996, 14: 499–500.References

Sources
http://www.ursulahoff.org/
A Tribute to Dr <mask> AO OBE. Melbourne: National Gallery of Victoria, 2005
Holden, Colin. The Outsider: A Portrait of <mask>. North Melbourne, Victoria: Australian Scholarly Publishing, 2009. Palmer, Sheridan. Centre of the Periphery: Three European Art Historians in Melbourne. Nth Melbourne, Vic: Australian Scholarly Publishing, 2008.Poynter, John. Mr Felton’s Bequests. Melbourne: Miegunyah, 2003. 1909 births
2005 deaths
Australian art historians
Australian people of German-Jewish descent
University of Melbourne faculty
Australian women historians
English emigrants to Australia
Women art historians
Australian Officers of the Order of the British Empire
Officers of the Order of Australia
Jewish emigrants from Nazi Germany to the United

masks:
Ursula Hoff
Ursula Hoff


title: Louis I of Naples

texts:
<mask> (Italian: Luigi, Aloisio or "Ludovico" ; 1320 – 26 May 1362), also known as <mask> of Taranto, was a member of the Capetian House of Anjou who reigned as King of Naples, Count of Provence and Forcalquier, and Prince of Taranto. <mask> gained the crown of Naples by marrying his first cousin, Queen <mask>, whose prior husband, Andrew, had died as a result of a conspiracy that may have involved both of them. Immediately after securing his status as her co-ruler, <mask> successfully wrested away all power from his wife, leaving her a sovereign in name only. Their disastrous marriage resulted in the birth of two daughters, Catherine and Frances, neither of whom survived their parents. During their joint reign, <mask> dealt with numerous uprisings, attacks, and unsuccessful military operations; he is generally considered an inefficient monarch. Following his death, Joanna resumed her power and refused to share it with her subsequent husbands. Background and family
A member of the Capetian House of Anjou, <mask> was born in Naples as the second son of Philip I, Prince of Taranto, and Catherine of Valois.He was a patrilineal first cousin once removed of both Queen <mask> of Naples and her husband Andrew, Duke of Calabria, in addition to being Joanna's maternal first cousin. <mask>' older brother Robert, Prince of Taranto, was having an open affair with Queen Joanna. When the 17-year-old Andrew was assassinated on 18 September 1345 for seeking to co-reign with his wife, Joanna was immediately suspected of ordering the murder with the help of <mask> and Robert. Following her husband's death, the young queen was strongly influenced by Robert, but by October 1346, she had become closer to <mask>. The brothers' mother died the same month, leaving her claim to the Latin Empire to Robert, who in turn ceded the Principality of Taranto to <mask>. Marriage

<mask> and Joanna married in Naples on 22 August 1347, without seeking dispensation from Pope Clement VI – necessary because of their being closely related. The marriage was an attempt to secure the kingdom for <mask> rather than to pacify the belligerent branches of the House of Anjou.Ascension to power

The couple fled to Provence, which Joanna ruled as countess, after King <mask> of Hungary invaded Naples to avenge the murder of his brother Andrew. They met Clement, feudal overlord of the Kingdom of Naples, in Avignon. To secure his acceptance of their marriage and support against the accusations of Andrew's murder, Joanna sold him the city. The Black Death forced the Hungarians to retreat from Naples in August 1348. <mask> and Joanna, who had just had their elder daughter, Catherine, immediately returned to the kingdom. From early 1349 onwards, all documents for the kingdom were issued in the names of both husband and wife, and <mask> was indisputably in control of military fortresses. On coins issued during their joint reign, <mask>' name always preceded Joanna's.Although he was not officially recognised by Clement as king and co-ruler until 1352, it is likely that Neapolitans considered him their monarch from the moment he started acting as such. <mask> took advantage of the turmoil caused by yet another Hungarian attack to wrest complete royal authority from his wife. He purged the court of her supporters, and struck down her favourite, Enrico Caracciolo, whom he accused of adultery in April 1349 and very likely had executed. Official reign

In 1350, the King of Hungary launched another invasion, forcing <mask> and Joanna to flee to Gaeta. <mask> narrowly defeated Hungarian forces with Pope Clement's help. The Pope, however, reprimanded <mask> for "treating the Queen as a prisoner and servant", and agreed to recognise <mask> as king and co-ruler only on the condition that he accepted the fact that he held the crown in Joanna's right. Their younger daughter, Frances, was born soon thereafter.<mask> received Clement's formal recognition as his wife's co-ruler in all her realms on 20 or 23 March 1352, and was crowned king alongside her on Pentecost on 25 or 27 May 1352. Frances, by then the couple's only surviving child, died on their coronation day; Joanna never conceived again. <mask> founded the Order of the Knot on the occasion of the coronation, most likely hoping to enhance the tarnished reputation he shared with Joanna. In 1356, they were crowned in Messina as rulers of Sicily, but failed to capture the entire island, which had been seized from the House of Anjou by the House of Barcelona in 1285 and thereafter ruled as a separate kingdom. The death of their supporter, <mask>, was a blow to <mask> and Joanna. His successor, <mask>, excommunicated them for failing to pay their annual tribute to the Holy See. The issue was resolved by a visit to Avignon in 1360.<mask>' attempt in 1360 to dethrone Frederick the Simple and regain Sicily ended in a failure, though he did manage to occupy much of the island (including Palermo, the capital) before its barons rebelled. At home, he faced opposition from his and his wife's cousins, the House of Anjou-Durazzo, who strongly resented his dominance, with <mask> of Gravina stirring revolts in Apulia. Death and legacy

<mask> died, probably of bubonic plague, in Naples on 26 May 1362. Joanna immediately resumed authority in her realms. Although she remarried twice more, to <mask> of Majorca and Otto of Brunswick-Grubenhagen, <mask> remained the only husband of hers whom she accorded status of co-monarch. Taranto passed to his younger brother, <mask>. Upon <mask>' death, the order he had created simply dissolved.He was buried in the Territorial Abbey of Montevergine, next to his mother. Though a chronicler wrote that the "death of <mask> of Taranto caused great corruption in all the kingdom", his contemporaries unanimously thought him to be lacking in both ability and character. Petrarch, familiar with the members of the Neapolitan court, described him as "violent and mendacious, prodigal and avaricious, debauched and cruel", a person who "knew neither how to make his subjects love him" and who even had no "need of their love". <mask>'s greatest achievement was appointing Niccolò Acciaioli as grand seneschal, which provided Naples with a capable administrator and military leader. Family tree

See also
 Jure uxoris, principle by which a man owns the property of his wife
 James II, Count of La Marche, husband of Joanna II of Naples who tried to usurp her authority

References

Bibliography

External links

 <mask> (king of Naples), article on Encyclopædia Britannica

1320 births
1362 deaths
14th-century monarchs of Naples
14th-century deaths from plague (disease)
Claimant Kings of Jerusalem
Counts of Provence
House of Anjou-Taranto
Jure uxoris kings
Princes of Taranto
Husbands of <mask> of Naples

masks:
Louis I
Louis
Louis
Joanna I
Louis
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Joanna I
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Innocent VI
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James IV
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Philip II
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Joanna I


title: John Lawson Walton

texts:
<mask> KC (4 August 1852 – 19 January 1908) was a British barrister and Liberal politician. Family and education

<mask> was the son of the Reverend <mask>, a Wesleyan missionary in Ceylon who later preached at Grahamstown in South Africa and who became President of the Wesleyan Conference for Great Britain in 1887 and was later President of the Wesleyan Conference for South Africa. His mother was Emma, the daughter of the Reverend Thomas Harris. <mask> was educated at Merchant Taylors' School, Great Crosby and at London University where he matriculated but did not graduate. In 1882 at Glasgow Cathedral he married Joanna Hedderwick, the daughter of Robert Hedderwick who founded the newspaper the Glasgow Citizen who was the son of Thomas Hedderwick, Liberal MP for Wick Burghs from 1896–1900. They had three sons and two daughters. <mask>, intending to become a barrister, joined the Inner Temple as a student on 2 November 1874.He was called to the bar in June 1877, having the previous year gained first prize in the common law examination. He was appointed Queen's Counsel on 4 February 1890, swearing the oath in the company of two other illustrious Liberals R B Haldane and H H Asquith. His early career was boosted by his close association with the Methodist Church in the West Riding of Yorkshire but he soon built up a large practice in London as well as on the circuit. He took part in many famous cases, most notably a victory in 1896 with a lawsuit brought against Dr William Smoult Playfair, a well-known London obstetrician, for libel and slander arising from Playfair's indiscretion concerning one of his medical cases. The £12,000 damages awarded against Playfair was at the time the largest sum awarded by a jury. <mask> often appeared on behalf of trade unions, including in 1898 in the case of Allen v. Flood, a leading case in English law on intentionally inflicted economic loss. <mask> became close legal colleagues with Rufus Isaacs who was destined to have a glittering political and public career.He first encountered Isaacs in the latter's final year of study at the Middle Temple when Isaacs joined his chambers as a pupil. <mask> was elected Bencher of the Inner Temple in 1897. Politics

In 1891, <mask> was selected as Liberal candidate for Battersea to replace the sitting Liberal MP Octavius Vaughan Morgan who was standing down. However, <mask>, the well-known trade unionist and Lib-Lab politician, who was Progressive Party member of the London County Council for Battersea, had announced he intended to stand for election in Battersea at the next general election. <mask> decided to stand aside so Burns could contest the seat. Burns was returned as MP for Battersea in 1892 as an Independent Labour Party candidate but soon after changed his description to Liberal-Labour and sat as a Lib-Lab until he stepped down from Parliamentary life at the 1918 general election. <mask> then sought adoption as Liberal candidate for Central Leeds and was selected to fight the 1892 general election.He lost narrowly to the sitting Conservative MP G. W. Balfour, but was given another chance to enter the House of Commons when the Liberal MP for the neighbouring Leeds South constituency, Sir Lyon Playfair went to the House of Lords, creating a by-election. <mask> won the ensuing contest on 22 September 1892 beating his Conservative opponent R J N Neville by 948 votes (12 percent of the poll). He held the seat at each subsequent election until his death. Political orientation
<mask> was said to be a strong radical in domestic politics, especially on issues concerning the House of Lords and the established church. He was a member of the Liberal Imperialist group associated with Lord Rosebery during the South African War of 1899–1902. The Liberal Imperialists were a centrist faction within the Liberal Party in the late Victorian and Edwardian period. They were in favour of a more positive attitude towards the development of the British Empire and Imperialism, ending the primacy of the party's commitment to Irish Home Rule.In domestic affairs they advocated the concept of "national efficiency." This policy was never definitively set out, but the implication in the speeches of its leading lights was that the Liberal Party in government should take action to improve the social conditions, the education and welfare of the population, as well as to reform aspects of the administration of government so as to maintain British economic, industrial and military competitiveness. Although <mask> was not himself an Anglican he took an interest in religious questions. He was a witness before the Royal Commission on Ecclesiastical Discipline of 1904 when he spoke in favour of more effective procedure against clergy charged with breaking the law. Honours and appointments
Rosebery became more alienated by the Home Rule policy, dispiriting the moderates. <mask> moving towards the centralists position was appointed Attorney-General in the newly formed government of Henry Campbell-Bannerman on 14 December 1905, and he was knighted on 18 December. He also sat as a Justice of the Peace for the county of Buckinghamshire where he had a country home at Butlers Cross.Trades Disputes Bill
One of <mask>'s first tasks as Attorney-General was to introduce the Trade Disputes Bill. As first drafted, the Bill made trade unions responsible for breaches of the law committed by their members and <mask> defended the Bill against trade union calls for immunity, which he attacked as "class privileges". The Bill caused a major disagreement between the government and the Labour Party. Keir Hardie who was Leader of the Labour Party introduced a Bill of his own to give complete immunity. Campbell-Bannerman and the cabinet did a U-turn and instructed <mask> to redraft the Trades Disputes Bill allowing immunity clauses, undermining <mask>'s position. Death
<mask> had a history of ill-health and general frailty. As the 1906 Parliament wore on, his appearances in the House of Commons got rarer and he cut down his ministerial duties as much as possible.It was reported that attendance in the House through two all-night sittings when in charge of the Criminal Court Appeal Bill proved the last straw, and in January 1908 <mask> developed a chill which developed into double pneumonia; he died on Saturday 18 January 1908, aged 55, at his house in Great Cumberland Place, London. He was buried at Ellesborough, near Wendover in Buckinghamshire on 22 January, and a memorial service was held at the Temple Church the following day. Papers
A number of letters written by <mask> to Herbert Gladstone are deposited in the British Library manuscript collections. References

External links

1852 births
1908 deaths
People educated at Merchant Taylors' School, Crosby
Alumni of the University of London
English barristers
Members of the Inner Temple
English Methodists
Liberal Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies
UK MPs 1892–1895
UK MPs 1895–1900
UK MPs 1900–1906
UK MPs 1906–1910
Attorneys General for England and Wales
Politics of West Yorkshire
Politicians from Leeds
Knights Bachelor

masks:
Sir John Lawson Walton
John Lawson Walton
John Walton MA
Walton
Career Walton
Walton
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Walton
John Burns
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title: Greg Robinson (American football coach)

texts:
<mask> (October 9, 1951 – January 5, 2022) was an American college and professional football coach. <mask> served as the head football coach at Syracuse University from 2005 to 2008. He has served as an assistant coach with several other college football programs and for three teams in the National Football League (NFL): the New York Jets from 1990 to 1994, the Denver Broncos from 1995 to 2000, and the Kansas City Chiefs from 2001 to 2003. With the Broncos, <mask> was a member of two Super Bowl championship teams. In more recent years he has served as the defensive coordinator at the University of Texas at Austin, in 2004 and for part of the 2013 season, and at the University of Michigan, from 2009 to 2010. <mask> was hired as head coach of the Syracuse Orange football program in January 2005 after the firing of head coach Paul Pasqualoni, who had been Syracuse's head coach since 1991. On November 17, 2008, with the Orange reeling from their fourth straight losing season under <mask> and their only double-digit losing seasons in program history, it was announced that <mask> would be fired from his coaching duties at the end of the season.He finished his tenure with a 5–37 record overall, the worst record for a non-interim coach in the history of the program, and a 2–25 record in Big East Conference play. Early in the 2013 season after the Texas Longhorns suffered a 40–21 upset loss to BYU, allowing a record rushing yardage total, defensive coordinator Manny Diaz was replaced by <mask>. <mask> had been serving as a video analyst for Texas at the time of his hiring. Early years and education
<mask> graduated from Garces Memorial High School in Bakersfield, California; then attended and played at Bakersfield College, a junior college, before transferring to University of the Pacific. During his collegiate coaching career, <mask> was an assistant coach at North Carolina State University, Cal State Fullerton, UCLA and his alma mater, University of the Pacific, in addition to his roles at both the University of Texas and Syracuse University. Coaching career

NFL
<mask>'s tenure as defensive coordinator with the Denver Broncos occurred during their Super Bowl (XXXII & XXXIII) seasons in 1997 and 1998. <mask>'s Bronco defense played superbly during the 1998 playoff run.The Broncos defense held the Miami Dolphins scoreless in the divisional playoffs, allowed only a touchdown as a result of a fumble on the one yard line against the New York Jets in the AFC Championship Game, and then allowed a single touchdown to the Atlanta Falcons in the fourth quarter of the Super Bowl after the outcome was secure. In 2001, he was hired by Dick Vermeil to be the defensive coordinator of the Kansas City Chiefs. He would coach the team until the end of the 2003 season. The Chiefs defense struggled under <mask> finishing in the bottom 10 in yards allowed each season and finishing last in 2002. Texas (first stint)
In 2004, <mask> was hired to be the co-defensive coordinator at Texas. He coached at Texas for one season. Syracuse
Robinson installed a new West Coast offense scheme, replacing the option run style of offense previously run by Pasqualoni, as well as new defensive schemes.<mask> had a 5–37 overall record, and a 2–25 record in the Big East, which is the lowest winning percentage for a non-interim coach in school history. In two of those four years, Syracuse suffered the only double-digit losing seasons in program history. By contrast, Pasqualoni only had one losing season on the field in his entire 14-year career at Syracuse, and only two in his head coaching career (a 2–7 season at Western Connecticut his rookie year). Additionally, after Syracuse vacated all of its wins in 2005 and 2006 due to ineligible players, <mask> also "officially" owns two of Syracuse's only three winless seasons in school history. In his final press conference as Syracuse coach, after the Orange had concluded a fourth straight losing campaign (3–9), <mask> likened his relentless positivity to the famous children's story The Little Engine That Could, even pausing to read a description of the story directly from its Wikipedia page. <mask>, in the words of one reporter "defiant as always and perhaps in a bit of denial", told the assembled press that in spite of his shortcomings at Syracuse, "I still think I can." Early in the 2008 campaign, the decline of Syracuse football was the subject of an ESPN College GameDay piece in which Syracuse athletic director Daryl Gross and Syracuse greats Floyd Little and Jim Brown registered their disgust with <mask>.<mask> was fired November 17, 2008, two games before the end of the season. He had one year left on a contract that paid him $1.1 million per season. In 2012, Athlon Sports named <mask> as the sixth worst college football head coach of the last 50 years. Michigan
<mask> was hired by Michigan on January 20, 2009, as their defensive coordinator, replacing Scott Shafer. (Coincidentally, Shafer would be hired as Syracuse's defensive coordinator before the 2009 season, and would later succeed Doug Marrone as head coach when Marrone departed before the 2013 season for the NFL to coach the Buffalo Bills.) In 2009, Michigan ranked 82nd of 120 teams in the Football Bowl Subdivision and ninth of 11 teams in the Big Ten Conference in total defense. In 2010, the Wolverines ranked 110th of 120 teams in FBS and 11th of 11 teams in the Big Ten in total defense.<mask> was fired with head coach Rich Rodriguez and the majority of his staff on January 5, 2011. <mask> served as an assistant coach at Saint Francis High School (La Cañada Flintridge) in 2012. Saint Francis was coached by Jim Bonds who was a quarterback at UCLA when <mask> was an assistant coach. Texas (second stint)
<mask> was hired by Texas on July 17, 2013, as a football analyst to "handle quality control evaluation for the team, provide team video review, oversee the Longhorns self-scouting and provide assistance in opponent scouting." Less than two months later, the Longhorns' defense allowed Brigham Young University to rush for a record-setting 550 yards in the second game of the 2013 season. The following day, Texas head coach Mack Brown described the defensive performance as "unacceptable" and removed Manny Diaz from the position of defensive coordinator. <mask> was promoted to take his place.As defensive coordinator, <mask> was able to turn one of the worst defenses in the Big 12 to one of the best in a shockingly short amount of time, especially considering his 2-year absence from coaching preceded by high-profile failures at Syracuse and Michigan. By the end of the season, Texas led the conference in sacks. The turnaround was clearly evident in the 2013 Alamo Bowl, in which Texas took on the Oregon Ducks and their elite offense. Oregon's offense was #2 in the country and averaged over 45 points scored per game. <mask>'s Texas defense held the Oregon offense to one touchdown and 3 field goals for a total of 16 points. No defense gave up fewer points to Oregon in 2013. However, poor offensive play by the Longhorns only yielded one touchdown and allowed Oregon's defense to score two additional touchdowns by returning intercepted passes.Oregon went on to win the game 30–7 despite the excellent performance by <mask>'s defensive unit. Following the end of the 2013 season and the departure of head coach Mack Brown, new head coach Charlie Strong announced that Vance Bedford (Strong's defensive coordinator from his previous job at the University of Louisville and a former star player on the Texas defense) would take over as the defensive coordinator at Texas. <mask> was not announced as part of the new staff. San Jose State
<mask> became the San Jose State defensive coordinator for the 2014 and 2015 seasons. On December 18, 2015, San Jose State announced <mask> would be retiring following the Spartans' bowl game. Death
<mask> died in Carpinteria, California from a form of Alzheimer's disease on January 5, 2022, at the age of 70. Head coaching record

Notes

References

1951 births
2022 deaths
American football linebackers
Bakersfield Renegades football players
Cal State Fullerton Titans football coaches
Coaches of American football from California
Deaths from Alzheimer's disease
Denver Broncos coaches
High school football coaches in California
Kansas City Chiefs coaches
Michigan Wolverines football coaches
NC State Wolfpack football coaches
Neurological disease deaths in California
New York Jets coaches
Pacific Tigers football coaches
Pacific Tigers football players
Players of American football from Bakersfield, California
Players of American football from Los Angeles
San Jose State Spartans football coaches
Sports coaches from Los Angeles
Syracuse Orange football coaches
Texas Longhorns football coaches
UCLA Bruins football coaches

masks:
Gregory McIntosh Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
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Robinson
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Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
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title: Khora Ramji Chawda

texts:
<mask> (1860–1923), better known as <mask>, was a reputed railway contractor, coal mines owner, banker and philanthropist of the early 20th century in India, who worked from Dhanbad and Jharia. Life-sketch
He was born in a small village called Sinugra in Cutch and belonged to small but enterprising Mestri community. He was one of the reputed Railway Contractors of his times and his exploits were mentioned by British authorities. He is also credited by them to be the first Indian to break monopoly of Europeans in Jharia coalfields. He established his first Colliery name Khas Jharia Colliery in 1895 and moved on to establish five more by 1910. He was also a financing partner in many coalfields of Jharia coal belt and additionally worked as a Private Banker. With his half-brother, Jethabhai Lira Jethwa (1862-1932) he owned Khas Jinagora Colliery, which operated under name & style of J.& K. Ramji. As per British records – a few lines are quoted –

Some of the works done by <mask> <mask> Chawda of Sinugra are : 1880 : Hubli Loco Shed & other Works, 100 Miles work in North Western Railway, 20 Miles Work in Southern Maratta Railway, 177 miles in 1882–84 Hotgi to Gadag with his brothers in SMR, 22 Miles Railway in East Bengal Railway, 1888 – 128 miles in Bilaspur to Jharsuguda with fellow Mistris section including Bridge over Champa River in BNR, in 1894 Jharia Branch line of EIR, 1895 : Railway line in East Coast State Railway & Bridge over Ganjam. His last Railway work was in 1903 : Bridge over Ganges river in Allahbad – Lucknow section. While working for this bridge, he was harassed by Engineer I.L. Gail, so he decided to stop Railway Contracts. By this time since 1895 to 1901 he had already started two collieries in Jharia. A.B. Gale later realised his mistake and offered him contracts in other section. But <mask> <mask> declined the offer and diverted all his energy to Coal Mining business, in which he was assisted by his & his brother's son. He also started a new venture as a private banker at Jharia. He rose to such a height by 1920 and became <mask> <mask> from Khora Ramji that British had to mention his name in Encyclopaedia of Bengal, Bihar & Orissa. He had studied up to fourth standard in his native village school but still managed to erect & build Railway bridges requiring deep technical knowledge and mathematical calculations. Khora Ramji and Brothers established collieries at Khas Jharia, Jeenagora, Jamadoba, Balihari, Fatehpur, Gareria, Bansjora & Bagadih. In Pure Jharia Colliery <mask> <mask> and brothers were partners with Diwan Bahadur D.D.Thacker. <mask> <mask> was also partner in Khimji Walji & Company's Indian Jharia Colliery located at Tisra. The credit of being first Indian to break the monopoly of British in Jharia Coalfields goes to <mask> <mask> Chawda of Sinugra. In the life sketch of <mask> <mask> given in Encyclopedia of Bengal, Bihar & Orissa – the British have noted this fact in year 1920 – "In Jharia Coalfield he was first Indian to seize the opportunity and by his prompt entry into colliery business, he was able to remove the stigma that would otherwise be levelled against his community as backward class." Further, details are given in the book Diary of Golden Days at Jharia – A Memoir & History of Gurjar Kashtriya Samaj of Kutch in Coalfields of Jharia – written by Natwarlal Devram Jethwa -Quote:  He similarly purchased about eight coal-fields from years 1895–1909. Further, he also encouraged fellow Mistri contractors to purchase the land and even financed them to do so. He later approached Raja of Jharia for lease of mining rights and laid foundation of his colliery business.The location of his three collieries named Jeenagora, Khas Jherria, Gareria is mentioned also in 1917 Gazetteers of Bengal, Assam, Bihar & Orissa. :- Unquote As per details given in Diary of Golden Days at Jharia – A Memoir & History of Gurjar Kashtriya Samaj of Kutch in Coalfields of Jharia – written by Natwarlal Devram Jethwa – Quote: "<mask> <mask> headed the first association as mentioned by British authorities in Encyclopaedia Bengal, Bihar & Orissa (1920). <mask> <mask> died in year 1923. Several after his death two of his collieries, Khas Jharia & Golden Jharia, which worked on maximum 260-foot-deep shafts, collapsed due to now infamous underground fires, in which their house & bungalow also collapsed on 8 November 1930, causing 18 feet subsidence and widespread destruction. The coal mines at that time were run by his sons Karamshi <mask>, Ambalal <mask> and others. Ambalal <mask> also carried on father's legacy as a railway contractor, who died in a railway accident. The Khas Jeenagora mine was later on run solely by sons of Jetha Lira Jethwa, Karsanjee Jethabhai and later Devram Jethabhai Jethwa till 1938–39 after which the mine was sold and family established themselves as importers of coal mining machinery in Calcutta.The business of some other coal mines in Jharia of <mask> <mask> were carried on by his successors, which were finally taken over by government when the coal mines in India were nationalized in 1971–72. As a philanthropist, in his native village Sinugra, he had built and donated in year 1910 a Hindu temple, wells, welcome-gate, Chabutro and a primary school, which is now named Seth Khora Ramji Prathmik Shala. He also donated major fund along with some other Mistri colliery owners to start a Gujarati school named the Jharia Anglo-Gujarati School at Jharia in 1905. He also owned farm-lands, the produce of which was given away to poor and needy. In the year 1920, when he held a large public charity event and a yagna at Sinugra. At the time of this event, <mask> <mask> was honoured by Maharao of Cutch, H.H Sir Khengarji III Sawai Bahadur, who sent him a Paghdi by hands of royal messenger. Further, at Mathura he along with Jetha Lira Jethwa of Sinugra had built and donated a Dharamashala now named Kutch Kadia Dharamshala in the years 1889–1900, when they were stationed there for railway contract job.See also
Kutch Gurjar Kshatriyas contributions to the Indian railways
Jagmal Raja Chauhan

References

People from Kutch district
People from Dhanbad
Indian people in rail transport
1923 deaths
Indian bankers
1860 births
Founders of Indian schools and colleges
Indian philanthropists
Indian businesspeople in coal
Indian businesspeople in mining
Gujarati people
People from Jharia

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Khora Ramji Chawda
Seth Khora Ramji
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