title: Bogdan Radenković

texts:
<mask> (; Srbovac, Ottoman Empire, 1874 – Thessaloniki, Greece, 30 July 1917) was a Serb activist, an organizer of the Serbian Chetnik Organization and one of the founders of the Black Hand. He was a leading civilian activist of the Pan-Serb movement in the early 20th century. In a letter to the Serbian government, dated 27 October 1909, he tells about the dangers faced by the population of Kičevo and Prilep because of Arnaut incursions, and asks for approval of the troops of Gligor Sokolović and Dane Stojanović to solve the problem. Biography
Born in 1874 in Srbovac, a village in the municipality of Zvečan, then part of the Ottoman Empire (and now Kosovo, still a contentious international political zone to this day). As a university graduate and a tonsured monk with a chosen name Vasilije, he became a secretary to the Serbian Orthodox Metropolitanate of Skopje. In this influential post, he had numerous contacts with his people and consulates of Serbia, Russia, and France. Among the clergy, he was known as Vasilije (<mask>) and among the laity simply <mask>.<mask> <mask> was a member of the Serbian Committee of Skopje and the main organizer of the Serbian Chetnik action in the Ottoman Empire. He was an intermediary between the Serbian consulate and the Chetnik organization and their supporters. During 1905 the Turkish authorities caught a farmer who after being tortured revealed that <mask> was the president of the Serbian Committee in Skopje. At the Skopje trial, the farmer recanted citing that his testimony was extracted by force and <mask> was ultimately acquitted. <mask> was a friend of Milan Rakić, then Serbia's vice-consul in Skopje, with whom he conferred confidential operational plans of the Chetnik organization. Milan Rakić at the time began writing a poem called "On Gazimestan" that became popular even before the Balkan War of 1912. Founding of the Serb Democratic League
The Serb Democratic League in the Ottoman Empire (Serbian: Српска демократска лига у Отоманској царевини) was an Ottoman Serb political organisation established on August 13, 1908, at the First Serb Conference (August 10–13), immediately after the Young Turk Revolution.Some 26 most distinguished Serbs in the Ottoman Empire attended and <mask> <mask> was selected to head the "Temporary Central Board of the Organization of Ottoman Serbs" in July 1908. Bishop Vicentije Krdzić of the Serbian Orthodox Eparchy of Skopje headed the clergy and <mask> <mask> the lay membership of the  "Assembly of Ottoman Serbs in Skopje", held on Sretenje in 1909. These organizations included the Serb elite of Old Raška, Kosovo and Metohija, and Vardar Macedonia and Aegean Macedonia. [1] It included many members of the Serbian Chetnik Organization as well. They were: <mask> <mask>; Aleksandar Bukvić; Gligorije "Gliša" Elezović; Vasa Jovanović; Milan Čemerikić; Sava Stojanović; David Dimitrijević; Đorđe Hadzi-Kostić; Velimir Prelić and Jovan Šantrić. With the founding of the Serb Democratic League, it became the first political party to represent the interests of the Serbs in the Ottoman Empire. The Serbian Democratic League sent to Thessaloniki <mask> <mask>, Jovan Šantrić and Đorđe Hadži-Kostić to negotiate with the Central Young Turk Board.The Serbian demands were as follows:for the three non-Muslim “ethnic groups” – Serbian, Greek and Bulgarian – to get equal number of
seats in the Ottoman Parliament. But the Young Turks refused that concept and they conditioned the electoral agreement with the Serbs with having an agreement on broader bases that would not have a national
background. In 1910 as a representative of the party, he was sent to Istanbul where he urged the Turkish authorities to stop using their troops (Bashi-bazouk) to terrorize the Serbian population in Gjilan. The Sublime Porte denied the violence in Kosovo claiming that it was a fabrication. Yet to the Albanians are credited many of the outrages that have been committed in Old Serbia, where Turkish troops are alleged to have massacred more than 60,000 Christians. Black Hand
<mask> and a few others, particularly Colonel Dragutin Dimitrijević, were the initiators of the creation of the "Unification or Death" organization, better known as the Black Hand, in 1911. Along with Ljuba Čupa and Vojislav Tankosić,  <mask> wrote the constitution of the "Unification or Death" organization, which was modelled on similar German secret nationalistic associations and the Italian Carbonari.Bishop
After bishop Nićifor Perić of Raška-Prizren withdrew from his office (1911), owing to disagreement with the Serbian diplomacy, the Patriarchate of Constantinople appointed Bishop Gavrilo Dožić as successor, as the Serbian diplomacy wanted. There was a conflict within the Serbian Church regarding the appointment of Gavrilo; the "Old Serbs" (clergy from Kosovo and Old Serbia) wanted their candidate, the previous secretary of the Eparchy of Skoplje, monk Vasilije (<mask>) <mask>. While waiting for the Ottoman government approval, the Serbian government changed the decision and ordered through the consuls that Ottoman Serbs request that <mask> be appointed instead. However, Gavrilo ended up being chosen. Meanwhile, <mask> became a founder of the Black Hand conspiracy group. Secret Mission in Korçë
After the occupation of Serbia in late 1915 by the Germans, Austrians, Hungarians and Bulgarians, <mask> <mask> withdrew through Montenegro, Albania to the island of Corfu, where he was temporarily hospitalized with tuberculosis. When his condition improved somewhat he was sent to Athens and from there to Korçë County in eastern Albania.There he stayed until  August 1916 when a surprise Bulgarian invasion took place and he was forced to flee. He was almost caught while escaping but eventually managed to reach Thessaloniki, where the Serbian Supreme Command was stationed. Weak, suffering from tuberculosis after the harrowing escape from Korçë, he was advised by his doctor to go to Egypt where the climate may improve his condition. Nikola Pašić, however, purposefully delayed his departure until his condition worsened. High Military Court
The Serbian Supreme Command on 15 March 1917 sent a warrant for <mask> <mask>'s arrest, though the main accused was Dragutin Dimitrijević, better known as Apis, and his associates. <mask> was sentenced to death for allegedly plotting against the prince regent Aleksandar Karadjordjević and Nikola Pašić, the head of the Serbian government-in-exile, even though there was no concrete evidence that could link him to such an outrageous plot, not him nor Dimitrijević and others. <mask> <mask> died of tuberculosis in a prison hospital in Thessaloniki, Greece on 30 July 1917.Years later it was revealed that Nikola Pašić fabricated the story to rid himself of Dragutin Dimitrijević and other Serbian nationalists that may pose a threat after the war during election time. All the accused were vindicated, but many years later. See also
 List of Chetnik voivodes

References

 Translated and adapted from Serbian Wikipedia:
Богдан Раденковић

Sources
 Вучетић, Биљана (2018). Богдан Раденковић: судбина једног српског националисте. Београд: Историјски институт. p. 355.(Vucetic, Biljana (2018) <mask> Radenkovic, Destiny of a Serbian Nationalist. Belgrade: Institute of History, p. 355) . External links

Date of birth missing
20th-century Serbian people
Serbian nationalists
Politicians from Mitrovica, Kosovo
People from the Kingdom of Serbia
Serbian Chetnik Organization
Black Hand (Serbia)
Military personnel from Mitrovica, Kosovo
1874 births
1917 deaths
Serbs of the Ottoman Empire
People from Kosovo vilayet

masks:
Bogdan Radenković
Radenković
Bogdan Radenković
Bogdan
Radenković
Radenković
Radenković
Radenković
Bogdan
Radenković
Bogdan
Radenković
Bogdan
Radenković
Bogdan
Radenković
Radenković
Radenković
Bogdan
Radenković
Radenković
Radenković
Bogdan
Radenković
Bogdan
Radenković
Radenković
Bogdan
Radenković
Bogdan


title: Martin Mattner

type: original

texts:
<mask> (born 6 August 1982) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for the Sydney Swans and Adelaide Crows in the Australian Football League (AFL). He was traded to Sydney from the Crows in October 2007 in exchange for draft pick number 28. <mask> grew up in a small town called Ki Ki, which is 150 kilometres south-east of Adelaide. In the year he was elevated off Adelaide's rookie list (2002), <mask> was having to travel up to Adelaide twice a week to train and play football for Sturt. Prior to joining Sydney, he was Adelaide's leading tackler for the 2005 and 2006 seasons. In the 2006 season, <mask> missed out on two games due to a calf injury. He retired midway through the 2013 AFL season, succumbing to his ongoing hip injury.He took up a coaching role with the Sydney Swans as a development coach until the end of the 2015 season. In October 2015, <mask> was announced as the head coach of Sturt. <mask> is one of the few players to win a SANFL Premiership as a player, a SANFL Premiership as a coach and an AFL Premiership as a player. AFL career
<mask> grew up in the tiny southeast South Australian town of Ki Ki. He attended Coomandook Area School and played some junior football with the Peake and Districts Football Club. He then sought to further develop his game and progressed to play with the Imperial Football Club in 1997, and later Sturt, until he was recruited to the Adelaide Football Club for the 2002 season, off of the rookie list. 2002–2003

Debuting with Adelaide as a 19-year-old, <mask> began his career slowly.After being elevated from Adelaide's rookie list at the start of the 2002 season, he played just seven games for the year. One of his best performances was a game against Geelong where he laid 13 tackles, a feature of his game that he had become noted for. He picked up 11 disposals in his first game, and then 13 disposals in a win over St Kilda. He averaged eight disposals a match over his seven games, and had an impressive average of just over three tackles a game. Much was the same the next year, with coach Gary Ayres displaying a tendency to not play his younger players unless a senior player was injured. He was able to play ten games in the 2003 season, averaging nine disposals a match, including 21 in a game against the Kangaroos, in the same game as he kicked his first goal. <mask> during these two years was still young, and was playing well for his local SANFL club Sturt, regularly gathering 20 or more disposals a match as well as laying many bone-crunching tackles.In the 2002 SANFL season, the Double Blues won the premiership over Central District and <mask> was listed among the best players in the Grand Final. Sturt's end of season trip was to Bali. Team members were caught up in the 2002 Bali bombings and fellow player Josh Deegan and club official Bob Marshall were killed. 2004–2005
During the 2004 season, <mask> was seen to improve in a number of areas – averaging eleven disposals and playing 16 matches for the year. Midway through a disappointing season for the team (where the Crows missed the finals), new coach Neil Craig gave <mask> more opportunity than previous coach Ayres, which helped Mattner grow as a player, another feature becoming noticeable was his run through the midfield. His new coach also played him more through the wing than Gary Ayres did, giving him more opportunity as a player. At that time, he had a career equaling 21 disposals in a game against Melbourne, and failed to miss a match after his inclusion in round 7 which shows how well he was performing.In 2005, <mask> came of age and so did a younger Crows outfit. He played all but one match for the season and failed only once to gather more than ten disposals in a disappointing effort against Melbourne. His average of 16 disposals per game seeing him as an important cog in Adelaide's midfield. He also had 98 tackles, which was the highest of any Crows player in the season. His long left-foot kicking, often described as "raking" and "accurate" by television commentators, was vital in setting up many of Adelaide's forward thrusts. He missed just one game in the season, which was in round 22, but failed to have a 15 disposal plus game in any of the Crows' three finals. Adelaide was knocked out of the finals race by West Coast in the preliminary final.2006
In 2006, <mask> started to play on a half-back flank, keeping a smaller player relatively quiet and gaining many possessions of his own. This was suggested by former Crows coach Malcolm Blight, as he did with Andrew McLeod and Simon Goodwin in 1997 and 1998. At the end of the season, he had only missed out on two games due to a calf injury. He had a career high 27 disposals against St Kilda, and followed that performance with 25 disposals against Geelong playing on the likes of Gary Ablett and Jimmy Bartel. Also in the game against St Kilda, <mask> had a career high number of kicks and marks playing further in the midfield. He continued to play well during the season, picking up 21 disposals against Fremantle in round 19 and again against Melbourne three weeks later in round 22. He picked up 12 Brownlow Medal votes, beating the likes of veterans Simon Goodwin, Andrew McLeod and Mark Ricciuto.In the season, he only failed to pick up 10 disposals or more in a game three times (twice against eventual premiers West Coast), and failed to lay a tackle twice. He kicked five goals for the season, including a career high two goals in a game against the Bulldogs in round 5. He has been praised by coach Neil Craig after he wanted him to take some parts of his game to a higher level. He is now considered an "automatic selection" player – that is, he will always get into the starting squad unless he is injured. 2007
<mask> managed 19 of 23 games for Adelaide in 2007, though his statistics were well down on previous years. Despite being a naturally attacking player, Mattner was consistently played in defence, rather than on a wing which would be his preferred position. This is often offered as an explanation to his drop in form, and subsequent trading away from the Crows.2008–2012

<mask> was traded to the Sydney Swans at the end of the 2007 season and quickly found his feet in the Swans' backline. He had a terrific first year at his new club and consequently placed 3rd in the Bob Skilton Medal (Sydney's Best and Fairest Award) behind Jarrad McVeigh and Brett Kirk. His second game for the Swans was his 100th AFL game overall, played against . Since then, <mask> has played some very consistent football in defence and has established himself as a clear best 22 player in Sydney. 2009 and 2010 saw solid form from <mask> while he has started the 2011 season in as strong form as has been seen from him at the club. <mask> has only missed one game in his time at the Sydney Swans, that being round 15, 2010 against North Melbourne. 2011 was one of <mask>'s most consistent years in the AFL.He didn't see as much ball rebounding from the back half but, as a pure defender, he produced some of his best football. <mask> played his 200th AFL game in round 9, 2012, against . He went on to play in the Swans' side that won the club's fifth premiership with a victory over . He played an important role in the team, including a ferocious run down tackle on Hawthorn's Grant Birchall in the dying minutes. 2013

<mask> played the first seven rounds of the season in reasonable form however was sidelined for 3 rounds midway through the season. Just prior to round 11, <mask> announced his retirement effective immediately, due to a degenerative hip condition that had caused him constant pain for several years. <mask> stated that to continue playing football would aggravate the injury and could lead to a life of crippling pain.Coaching career

<mask> became the senior coach of Sturt in the South Australian National Football League (SANFL) in 2016. After finishing eighth out of ten in 2015, Sturt won the premiership in his first season as coach, and won its second consecutive premiership in 2017. <mask> joined the Adelaide Football Club post 2018 SANFL season with Sturt and took up an assistant role, <mask> will be in charge of the defenders with Adelaide. After departing Adelaide in 2020 due to reduction in coaching panel sizes, <mask> successfully returned as the coach of the Sturt Football Club in 2021. Statistics

|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2002
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 39 || 7 || 0 || 1 || 32 || 22 || 54 || 10 || 22 || 0.0 || 0.1 || 4.6 || 3.1 || 7.7 || 1.4 || 3.1
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2003
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 39 || 10 || 1 || 2 || 51 || 38 || 89 || 17 || 26 || 0.1 || 0.2 || 5.1 || 3.8 || 8.9 || 1.7 || 2.6
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
!scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2004
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 39 || 16 || 3 || 4 || 93 || 86 || 179 || 44 || 49 || 0.2 || 0.3 || 5.8 || 5.4 || 11.2 || 2.8 || 3.1
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2005
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 39 || 24 || 4 || 9 || 194 || 188 || 382 || 80 || 98 || 0.2 || 0.4 || 8.1 || 7.8 || 15.9 || 3.3 || 4.1
|- style="background:#eaeaea;"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2006
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 39 || 22 || 5 || 5 || 180 || 164 || 344 || 96 || 66 || 0.2 || 0.2 || 8.2 || 7.5 || 15.6 || 4.4 || 3.0
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2007
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 39 || 19 || 1 || 2 || 143 || 148 || 291 || 83 || 44 || 0.1 || 0.1 || 7.5 || 7.8 || 15.3 || 4.4 || 2.3
|- style="background:#eaeaea;"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2008
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 29 || 24 || 4 || 6 || 257 || 190 || 447 || 108 || 116 || 0.2 || 0.3 || 10.7 || 7.9 || 18.6 || 4.5 || 4.8
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2009
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 29 || 22 || 12 || 3 || 209 || 154 || 363 || 90 || 95 || 0.5 || 0.1 || 9.5 || 7.0 || 16.5 || 4.1 || 4.3
|- style="background:#eaeaea;"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2010
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 29 || 23 || 6 || 2 || 232 || 153 || 385 || 93 || 64 || 0.3 || 0.1 || 10.1 || 6.7 || 16.7 || 4.0 || 2.8
|-
!scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2011
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 29 || 24 || 3 || 1 || 206 || 120 || 326 || 77 || 106 || 0.1 || 0.0 || 8.6 || 5.0 || 13.6 || 3.2 || 4.4
|- style="background:#eaeaea;"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2012
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 29 || 24 || 1 || 3 || 205 || 122 || 327 || 81 || 74 || 0.0 || 0.1 || 8.5 || 5.1 || 13.6 || 3.4 || 3.1
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2013
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 29 || 7 || 0 || 0 || 49 || 27 || 76 || 23 || 19 || 0.0 || 0.0 || 7.0 || 3.9 || 10.9 || 3.3 || 2.7
|- class="sortbottom"
! colspan=3| Career
! 222
! 40
! 38
!1851
! 1412
! 3263
! 802
! 779
! 0.2
! 0.2
!8.3
! 6.4
! 14.7
! 3.6
! 3.5
|}

References
Publications
Gleeson, Michael. AFL 2002 – The Official Yearbook. Sydney:Harper Collins Publishers, 2002.Notes & Web references

External links

Adelaide Football Club players
Sydney Swans players
Sydney Swans Premiership players
Sturt Football Club players
1982 births
Living people
Australian rules footballers from South Australia
Sturt Football Club coaches
One-time VFL/AFL Premiership players

masks:
Martin Mattner
Mattner
Mattner
Mattner
Mattner
Martin Mattner
Mattner
Mattner
Mattner
Mattner
Mattner
Mattner
Mattner
Mattner
Mattner
Mattner
Mattner
Mattner
Mattner
Mattner
Mattner
Mattner
Mattner
Mattner
Mattner
Mattner
Mattner
Mattner
Mattner


title: Mike Morath

texts:
<mask> (born 1977) is an American software developer and investor. He is the commissioner of the Texas Education Agency. Prior to joining the agency, he served as a trustee for the Dallas independent school District, where he advocated for school reform and home-rule. Morath began his career in the technology sector. Early life
<mask> was born in 1977 and was raised, for a time, in a coal mining town close to Western Virginia. His family moved to North Texas, where he attended Garland High School, a public school in Garland, a suburb of Dallas, Texas. Morath had an interest in software development as early as age six when he wrote his first computer program.In high school, he developed a program to analyze his high school football team's offensive play-calling strategy. After graduating from Garland High School in 1995, Morath attended George Washington University. He joined Alpha Phi Alpha, a mostly African-American fraternity and was a part of the Black Student Union, serving as director of communications. He graduated from George Washington with a degree in business administration, completing his bachelor's in two-and-a-half years. Career
After George Washington, Morath formed a software startup company that eventually failed. He then founded Minute Menu Systems, a company that provided technical and logistical support to child care programs as it relates to a federal food assistance program for low-income families. Board of trustees
In 2011, Morath ran unopposed for a seat on the Board of Trustees to the Dallas independent school District (DISD), representing District 7, which includes North Dallas and Lakewood.He decided to resign his position as CEO of Minute Menu Systems. In May 2011, he joined the board of what is the second-largest school district in Texas. As a trustee in 2013, Morath advocated allowing the district to the funnel savings gained from a proposed voluntary accelerated three-year graduation plan for high school students to keep full-day pre-kindergarten programs funded. The programs were facing a return to a half-day schedule as a result of a 2011 state legislation that cut a combined $200 million from the school's budget. Morath was re-elected as a board member for District 2 representing parts of North and East Dallas. He was initially opposed by Sabrina Martinez Harrison, who withdrew on March 3, 2014. Morath entered the May 10 election unopposed.At some point during his tenure as a trustee, Morath sold his company, Minute Menu, and formed Morath Investments. Morath was also the originator of a home-rule movement in the DISD that began in early 2014. His idea was to use a never-before used provision in Texas' charter school legislation to the convert the school district into a "home-rule charter" system, allowing DISD more autonomy and self-governance. Although intended to allow the district the freedom to enact reforms, the idea drew criticism from some, especially the local teacher's unions, Texas State Teachers Association and Alliance AFT, who opposed the possibility of "fewer safeguards for teachers' jobs, lower pay or longer school years without a pay increase." The idea, as originally envisioned by Morath, never became realized. In November 2015, Governor Greg Abbott named Morath the presiding officer on the new Texas Commission on Next Generation Assessments and Accountability. The commission was created by the Texas Legislature and consisted of a total of ten people.Besides Morath, the commission also includes three additional people appointed by the governor, three by Lieutenant Governor Dan Patrick and three by Speaker Joe Straus. The commission is tasked with proposing "changes to the state's method of student assessment and school accountability." A month later, on December 14, the governor named Morath to replace Michael L. Williams, who retired, as Texas Commissioner of Education, the head of the Texas Education Agency. His appointment to the position was criticized by those that opposed his attempt to establish home rule control over the DISD. Commissioner
In January 2016, <mask> left his position on the DISD board to become the Commissioner of Education. He was sworn in on January 4, to lead the agency that is responsible for the state's 1,200 school districts. As commissioner, Morath has, in several instances, exercised his power to intervene in the governance of under-performing school districts.In February 2016, he appointed Judy Castleberry as conservator of the South San Antonio independent school District. In March, following an investigation by the agency, Morath appointed Sharon Doughty as conservator of the Edgewood independent school District in San Antonio. He also announced that this would be followed by appointments to replace the vacant superintendent position and a board of managers to replace the elected members of the board of trustees. The new board of managers and superintendent were sworn in on May 24. In the case of the Hearne independent school District in May 2017, however, Morath reversed his own decision, made earlier in the year to appoint a replacement for the school board, allowing them to stay in power. Morath has used his authority to intervene in the governance of Houston ISD or attempted to do so for several years. A state-appointed conservator has monitored the state's largest district since September 2016 and was given expanded authority in March 2019, stopping the district's elected board from completing their search for a permanent superintendent.Low performance in one of over 200 schools in HISD also resulted in Morath deciding to pursue appointing a board of managers, one of the options allowed under state law, despite the district's relatively high B rating. A state judge blocked Morath from replacing the district's elected board in January 2020. Following a 2018 finding by the U.S. Department of Education that Texas violated federal law regarding treatment of students with disabilities, TEA investigators in September 2020 again recommended state oversight after finding problems in the district's special education department. In early 2016, following a glitch that erased the answers students inputted as part of a computerized state assessment test, Morath warned that the agency could reconsider its contract with the company, Educational Testing Service (ETS), which administers the State of Texas Assessments of Academic Readiness (STAAR). Calling the error "unacceptable," Morath announced his agency will impose a $20.7 million fine on ETS. He also announced that the test will not be used to determine whether students can advance to the fifth or eighth grades, as per usual. In June 2020, Morath's decision to permit schools to reopen during the COVID-19 pandemic and not mandate face coverings was criticized by Zeph Capo who, as president of the Texas American Federation of Teachers, represents 65,000 teachers and staff at the state's schools.Personal life
At the time of his election to the board of trustees of the DISD in 2011, Morath was engaged to Laura Vondra, an optometrist. They are now married and have four children. References

Living people
Political office-holders in Texas
People from Virginia
School board members in Texas
Texas Education Agency
1977 births

masks:
Mike Morath
Morath
Morath


title: Frank Wild

texts:
<mask>  (18 April 1873 – 19 August 1939), known as <mask>, was an English sailor and explorer. He participated in five expeditions to Antarctica during the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration, for which he was awarded the Polar Medal with four bars, one of only two men to be so honoured, the other being Ernest Joyce. Early life
<mask> was born in Skelton-in-Cleveland, North Riding of Yorkshire, the eldest of eight sons and three daughters born to <mask>, a schoolteacher, and his wife Mary (née Cook), a seamstress. The family came from Skelton close to Marton, birthplace of Captain James Cook, to whom the family claimed ancestry through Mrs. <mask>; her father was Robert Cook, who claimed to be a grandson of the great explorer. By 1875, the <mask> family had moved from Skelton to Stickford in Lincolnshire, and in late 1880 moved again to Wheldrake near York. <mask>'s family next moved to the village of Eversholt in Bedfordshire. Here his father was appointed clerk of the Eversholt Parochial Charity at Woburn.<mask> was educated at Bedford. He joined the Merchant Navy in 1889 at the age of 16, receiving his early training in sail in the clipper ship Sobraon. In the Merchant Navy he rose to the rank of second officer. In 1900, aged 26, he joined the Royal Navy. The 1901 census shows that at that time, aged 27, he was serving as an able seaman on , anchored in Sheerness Harbour. Antarctic exploration

<mask> took part in the following Antarctic expeditions:

 In 1901, he was a member of Robert Falcon Scott's crew as an able seaman on the Discovery, along with Ernest Shackleton, who was then a sub-lieutenant. In 1908–1909, he was a member of Shackleton's Nimrod Expedition and was a member of the team that crossed the Ross Barrier and Beardmore Glacier at a record latitude of 88º23'S.In 1911, he joined Douglas Mawson's Aurora expedition and was in charge of the western base on the Shackleton Ice Shelf. From 1914 to 1916, he served as Shackleton's second-in-command on the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition. In 1921–1922, he served as second-in-command of the Shackleton–Rowett Expedition. As second-in-command of Shackleton's Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition, <mask> was left in charge of 21 men on desolate Elephant Island as Shackleton and a crew of five undertook an epic open-ocean voyage to South Georgia aboard the lifeboat James Caird in order to seek rescue. For more than four months, from 24 April to 30 August 1916, during the Antarctic winter, <mask> and his crew waited on Elephant Island, surviving on a diet of seal, penguin and seaweed. They were finally rescued by Shackleton aboard the Chilean ship Yelcho. Point <mask> on Elephant Island is named after <mask>; a monument dedicated to the Chilean captain Luis Pardo, who rescued him and his men, now stands at the site.On returning to the United Kingdom in 1916, <mask> volunteered for duty during World War I and was made a temporary lieutenant in the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve. After taking a Russian language course, <mask> became the Royal Navy's transport officer at Archangel, where he superintended the war materials which arrived during the Allied intervention in Russia. After the war, <mask> went to South Africa, where he farmed in British Nyasaland with Francis Bickerton and James McIlroy, two former Antarctic comrades. From 1921 to 1922, <mask> was second-in-command of the Shackleton–Rowett Expedition, on the converted Norwegian ship Quest. Shackleton died of a heart attack on South Georgia during the expedition, and <mask> took over command and completed the journey, combating unfavourable weather to Elephant Island and along the Antarctic coast. <mask>'s younger brother <mask> also went on to become a Royal Naval seaman and Antarctic explorer, receiving a Polar Medal. Later years

On 24 October 1922, <mask> married Vera Alexandra Altman (née Bogosoff), the widow of a tea planter of Borneo, at Reading Register Office.They had first met in 1918 when <mask> was serving in Russia, and he had assisted her to obtain a passage home to England. After the Shackleton–Rowett Expedition, <mask> returned to South Africa with Vera where he continued to farm. He bought some land in the Mkuzi valley in Zululand where he tried to grow cotton. The enterprise was a financial disaster and after five years of drought followed by flood, <mask> gave up. Next he was involved in railway construction and for a time had some success with a contract to extend the South African railway to the border with Swaziland. However, the contract ended and he was forced to seek employment elsewhere. <mask>'s marriage to Vera was in difficulty shortly after arriving in Zululand and she asked for a divorce, which became absolute on 27 December 1928.Next, <mask> took a temporary job as a hotel barman at Gollel in Swaziland which was owned by a friend of his. Caught in the 1930 Depression, he was forced to move from job to job, including working as a battery manager at a diamond mine which went bankrupt, prospecting in Rhodesia and managing a quarry. He subsidised his meagre income by giving the occasional lecture on the Endurance expedition. He married for the second time on 18 March 1931. His new wife, Beatrice (Trixie) Lydia Rhys Rowbotham, was 47 years old and ten years his junior. They settled in Germiston, where in 1932 he worked supervising a stone-crushing machine at a Witwatersrand gold mine. <mask> earned enough money not only to buy a car (a Wolseley) but to take two holidays in the hinterland and coast of South Africa.Due to ill health, he was forced to leave the mining job and he was given a job by his brother-in-law Pat O'Brien Frost to oversee the building of Frost's house in Haenertsburg in the Eastern Transvaal. However, he had little respect for Frost; that and the demands of building the house in an extremely remote part of the country caused him to return to Johannesburg. He received the offer of a job as a storekeeper on the Babrosco Mine near Klerksdorp from his friend Jack Scott, the mining magnate. He had also been awarded the Civil List pension from Downing Street. Death
<mask> died of pneumonia and diabetes in Klerksdorp on 19 August 1939, aged 66 years. He was cremated on 23 August 1939 at Braamfontein Cemetery in Johannesburg. In the 2000s, while journalist and author Angie Butler was researching a book about <mask> she discovered his ashes were still in a vault at Braamfontein Cemetery.On 27 November 2011, the ashes of <mask>, Shackleton's "right-hand man", were interred on the right-hand side of Shackleton's grave site in Grytviken, South Georgia. <mask>'s relatives and Shackleton's granddaughter, the Hon. Alexandra Shackleton, attended a service conducted by the Rev Dr Richard Hines, rector of the Falkland Islands. Butler said, "His ashes will now be where they were always supposed to be. It just took them a long time getting there." The journey to South Georgia, the service and the interment were the subject of a BBC Radio 4 programme in the Crossing Continents series. His grave is marked with a rough-hewn granite block with the inscription: "<mask> 1873–1939, Shackleton's right-hand man."Honours and memorials
<mask> was awarded the CBE in the New Year Honours List of 1920 and in May 1923 he was made a Freeman of the City of London. He was also the recipient of a number of awards for his contributions to exploration and for advancing geography: He received the Royal Geographical Society's Back Award in 1916 and the Society's Patron's Medal in 1924. Cape <mask> and Point Wild on Elephant Island in the Antarctic are named after him, as is Mount <mask> in the Queen Alexandra Range and Mount Wild in Graham Land. His CBE and four-bar Polar Medal sold for £132,000 in September 2009, more than double the estimate. On 25 November 2011, the Government of South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands issued a set of commemorative postage stamps honouring <mask> along with other Antarctic pioneers. The set comprises eight stamps in four se-tenant pairs with denominations of 60, 70 and 90 pence, and £1.15. They are available from the Falkland Islands Philatelic Bureau.In April 2012, BBC2 broadcast "<mask> Wild: Antarctica's Forgotten Hero", presented by Paul Rose, which placed <mask>'s achievements alongside those of Shackleton and the other explorers of the Heroic Age. The documentary film also featured commentary from polar historian Dr. Huw Lewis-Jones, author Francis Spufford and explorer Sir Ranulph Fiennes. Of <mask>, Paul Rose has said: "He was a true great. He stood shoulder to shoulder with Shackleton. They made the perfect team. With Shackleton’s great leadership skills, and <mask>’s cool head and experience, they were able to handle almost anything that the Antarctic could throw at them." On 29 September 2016, a statue of <mask> was unveiled in his hometown of Skelton-in-Cleveland.References

Sources

 Huw Lewis-Jones (2009). Face to Face: Polar Portraits. Conway and Polarworld, 288 pages. .
 Leif Mills (1999). <mask>. Caedmon of Whitby, 350 pages. Angie Butler (2011). "The Quest for <mask> Wild".Jackleberry Press, 214 pages. Huw Lewis-Jones and Kari Herbert (2011). In Search of the South Pole. Conway, 192 pages. .

 F.A. Worsley, Shackleton's Boat Journey

External links

1873 births
1939 deaths
Castaways
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
English emigrants to South Africa
English explorers
Explorers of Antarctica
Fellows of the Royal Geographical Society
Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition
People from Redcar and Cleveland
Recipients of the Polar Medal
Royal Navy officers
Royal Navy officers of World War I
Royal Navy sailors

masks:
John Robert Francis Wild
Frank Wild
Frank Wild
Benjamin Wild
Wild
Wild
Wild
Frank Wild
Wild
Wild
Wild
Wild
Frank Wild
Wild
Wild
Wild
Wild
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title: Anastasios Donis

texts:
<mask> "Tasos" <mask> (Greek: Αναστάσιος "Τάσος" Δώνης; born 29 August 1996) is a Greek professional footballer who plays as a forward for French club Stade de Reims and the Greece national team. Club career

Youth career
In January 2013, <mask> moved from Panathinaikos to Juventus for €300,000. The move was completed in May 2012, where he signed a three–year professional contract. He became a star in the Primavera in Turin, scoring 17 goals in 45 games in both Campionato Nazionale Primavera and UEFA Youth League. This included scoring a hat–trick against Spezia U19 on 25 January 2014. He also scored twice on two occasions against Siena U19 and Cesena U19. Sassuolo (loan)
On 2 February 2015, <mask>lo, as he was sidelined, due to being on the substitute bench and his own injury concerns. Lugano (loan)
In summer 2015, <mask> joined Lugano for the 2015–16 season. However, he suffered an injury that saw him miss the start of the season. He didn't make his debut until on 13 September 2015, where he came on as a substitute for Domagoj Pušić, in a 3–0 loss against FC Sion. Six days later, <mask> scored his first goal for the club, in the second round of Swiss Cup, in a 3–2 win over AC Bellinzona after the game went extra time. On 2 March 2016, he scored twice against FC Luzern to help his side progress to the final of the Swiss Cup for the first time in 23 years. He went on to score four goals in the competition; this includes scoring twice against FC Thun on 17 April 2016 and then netted the last goal on 25 May 2016 to seal the victory against St.Gallen on the last matchday of the season, helping his club avoid relegation.On 29 May 2016, Lugano lost 1–0 against relegated FC Zürich in the final of the Swiss Cup. Despite being sidelined on three more occasions later in the season, He ended his loan to Lugano with 8 goals and 7 assists in 29 appearances across all competitions. OGC Nice (loan)
On 20 July 2016, Ligue 1 club OGC Nice officially announced that <mask> had joined them on loan from Juventus. Nice had an option to buy him at the end of the season. On 14 August 2016, matchday 1 of the 2016–17 Ligue 1 season, he made his debut for Nice as a substitute in a 1–0 win against Rennes. On 3 November 2016, he made his international club debut appearing as a substitute late in the match in a 2–0 home loss against FC Red Bull Salzburg in a 2016–17 UEFA Europa League group stage match. <mask> played a total of just 79 minutes in Ligue 1 before 12 February 2017 with all of them coming as substitute appearances.On 12 February, he replaced the injured Alassane Pléa in the 43rd minute with Nice losing 2–0 against Rennes and scored In the 59th minute contributing to a 2–2 draw. On 10 March 2017, he came on as a substitute and scored the leveller in the 77th minute of a league home game against SM Caen. Then, on 30 April 2017, he scored his fourth goal of the season, in a 3–1 win over Paris Saint-Germain, a win that saw but cost their chance of successfully defending their league title, which Monaco ultimately won. Three weeks later, on the last matchday of the season, he netted a brace in a 3–3 away draw against Olympique Lyonnais. At the end of the season, with the club finished third place in a table, <mask> finished the season, making twenty–two appearances and scoring five times in all competitions. Despite keen on staying at Nice for another season, Nice chose not to exercise their option to sign <mask> for €2 million. VfB Stuttgart
On 1 July 2017, <mask> moved to VfB Stuttgart and signed a four-year-contract.Media estimated the transfer fee paid to Juventus is set at €4.2 million, while his former club Juventus will keep a future 20% resale rate, while the release clause of his contract set to €23 million. On 13 August 2017, he made his debut with the club as a substitute in an away DFB Pokal game against FC Energie Cottbus. On 13 October 2017, <mask> scored his first goal in Bundesliga, giving his club a half-time lead to a 2–1 home win game against 1. FC Köln. On 18 October 2017, <mask> dislocated his shoulder in training and will miss between five and six weeks, the club confirmed. Stuttgart announced that despite the injury, 21-year-old <mask> will not undergo an operation and will instead go through a normal rehabilitation process. On 13 December 2017, in his return to the squad, <mask> had a muscular reaction in the first half of an away game against TSG 1899 Hoffenheim that will probably keep him out of action between two and three weeks.He then returned to the first team from injury on 13 January 2018, where he started and played 58 minutes before being substituted, in a 1–0 win over Hertha BSC. For the rest of the 2017–18 season, <mask> spent the most of the time on the substitute bench. On 12 May 2018, he scored and gave an assist as Stuttgart won 4–1 on the final day of 2017–18 Bundesliga season to end Bayern's 37-game unbeaten home run in the Bundesliga. At the end of the 2017–18 season, <mask> finished his first season at VfB Stuttgart, making nineteen appearances and scoring two times in all competitions. Ahead of the 2018–19 season, it was announced that <mask> was going to stay at VfB Stuttgart for another season. His first appearance of the season came on 18 August 2018, where he came on as a substitute, in a 2–0 loss against Hansa Rostock. He soon found himself behind the pecking order in the first team at VfB Stuttgart at the start of the season.On 29 September 2018, he scored his first goal in the season in a 2–1 home win game against SV Werder Bremen as he raced past the static visiting defence Miloš Veljković, charged beyond onrushing goalkeeper Jiří Pavlenka and scored in an empty net. On 1 December 2018, he scored the only goal as Santiago Ascacíbar right out to Andreas Beck, whose cross pass takes Donis directly and hits by low shot from 16 meters into the left corner, sealing a 1–0 home win game against FC Augsburg. On 27 January 2019, he levelled the score with a fine strike, who placed the ball like a postage stamp in the top right-hand corner of Manuel Neuer's goal, but his club could not avoid a 4–1 away loss against champions Bayern Munich. On 27 April 2019, he scored the only goal in a 1–0 home win game against Borussia Mönchengladbach in his club effort to avoid relegation. <mask> scored his fourth goal of the season, twice as many as in the previous season. <mask> scored five of his six Bundesliga goals for a lead. On 11 May 2019, he scored his fifth goal in the season, as he shot from an acute angle technically demanding in the far corner giving a two goals' lead in a 3–0 win home game against VfL Wolfsburg.Stade de Reims
On 2 September 2019, <mask> was loaned out to Stade de Reims until the end of the season. He would move permanently to Reims if the club avoided relegation with a compulsory purchase option of €8 million for the summer of 2020. At the end of the season, he signed a four year contract with a transfer fee of €4 million. Loan to VVV-Venlo
On 1 February 2021, <mask> moved to Eredivisie club VVV-Venlo, on a loan deal until the end of the season. International career
<mask> has represented Greece on multiple levels. He would also be eligible to play for England through birth but opted to play for Greece instead. Youth
In October 2013, <mask> was called up to the Greece U19 for the first time.He made his Greece U19 debut, where he started the match before coming off in the first half, as they lose 3–0 to Austria U19 on 16 October 2013. A month later, he scored two goals between 14 November 2013 and 17 November 2013 against Bulgaria U19 and  Over the next two years, playing for the U19 side, <mask> went on to make thirteen appearances and scoring two times. In March 2016, <mask> was called up for the Greece U21 for the first time. He made his Greece U21 debut on 24 March 2016 against Albania U21, starting the whole game, in a 0–0 draw. Seven months later, on 10 October 2016, he scored his first Greece U21 goal, in a 3–1 win over Hungary U21. Senior
On 1 June 2017 he was called up in Greece national squad for the fixture against Bosnia and Herzegovina. On 9 June 2017, he made his debut for Greece as he came on as a substitution for injured Tasos Bakasetas, in a 0–0 draw.Two months later, on 31 August 2017, <mask> made his first start for the national team and played the whole game, in a 0–0 draw against Estonia. On 21 March 2019, he was subbed on for the injured Kostas Mitroglou and scored his first goal with Greece senior team in a 2–0 UEFA Euro 2020 qualifying away match against Liechtenstein. Personal life
<mask> comes from a family of footballers. His father, Giorgos, was a professional footballer and Greece international, while his older brother, Christos, played for Panathinaikos. Both Christos and Anastasios played together when they were at Lugano. <mask>, nicknamed "Tasos", was born in Blackburn during his father's time at Blackburn Rovers. Because he was born in England, <mask> has a British passport.In addition to speaking Greek, <mask> also speaks Italian, which he learned from his time at Juventus. Career statistics

Club

International
Scores and results list Greece's goal tally first. Honours
Juventus Primavera
 Supercoppa Primavera: 2013

References

External links

1996 births
Living people
Footballers from Blackburn
Greek footballers
Greece under-21 international footballers
Greece youth international footballers
Greece international footballers
English footballers
English people of Greek descent
Swiss Super League players
Bundesliga players
Ligue 1 players
FC Lugano players
Juventus F.C. players
U.S. Sassuolo Calcio players
OGC Nice players
VfB Stuttgart players
Stade de Reims players
Greek expatriate footballers
Expatriate footballers in Italy
Expatriate footballers in Switzerland
Expatriate footballers in France
Greek expatriate sportspeople in Italy
Greek expatriate sportspeople in Switzerland
Greek expatriate sportspeople in France
Association football wingers
Association football forwards

masks: Anastasios Donis Donis Donisssuo Donis Donis Donis Donis Donis Donis Donis Donis Donis Donis Donis Donis Donis Donis Donis Donis Donis Donis Donis Donis Donis Donis Donis Donis Anastasios Donis Donis


title: Vania King

texts:
<mask> (born February 3, 1989) is a retired American tennis player. A former top-10 doubles player, <mask> won both the Wimbledon and US Open women's doubles titles in 2010 with partner Yaroslava Shvedova, with whom she also reached the final of the 2011 US Open. She has won a total of 15 WTA doubles titles and reached a career-high ranking of No. 3 in the world. She also was a runner-up in the mixed-doubles final at the French Open in 2009, with Marcelo Melo. In singles, <mask> has been ranked as high as No. 50 in the world.Her biggest accomplishments included a WTA title at the 2006 Bangkok Open and two runner-up finishes at the 2013 Guangzhou International and 2016 Jianxi International. She also progressed as far as the third round in Grand Slam tournaments, doing so on four occasions (the 2009 US Open, the 2011 French Open, the 2011 US Open, and the 2012 Australian Open). <mask> announced her retirement on April 6, 2021. Personal life
<mask>'s parents moved to the United States from Taiwan in 1982. She is the youngest of four children. Her brother Phillip was a two-time All-American at Duke University and two-time US junior champion. <mask> is a graduate of Long Beach Poly High School in California.Tennis career

2006–2009
In 2006, <mask> won her only WTA Tour singles title at the Bangkok Open, a Tier-III tournament. She defeated Tamarine Tanasugarn in the final. In November, she achieved her career-high singles ranking of world No. 50. In 2009, she reached the mixed-doubles final at the French Open alongside Brazilian player Marcelo Melo, losing to top-seeded team Liezel Huber/Bob Bryan. <mask> lost in the second round of the 2009 Wimbledon Championships to No. 15, Flavia Pennetta.She played in the ladies' doubles with Anna-Lena Grönefeld, losing in the quarterfinals to eventual champions Venus and Serena Williams. At the 2009 US Open, <mask> was granted a wildcard and had her best singles Grand Slam performance. She was defeated in the third round by world No. 22, Daniela Hantuchová. 2010
<mask> began the year ranked no. 80 in the world at the Brisbane International. She reached the second round of the singles tournament, losing to Andrea Petkovic.In doubles, she partnered with Anna-Lena Grönefeld and lost in the first round to Timea Bacsinszky and Tathiana Garbin. <mask> and Grönefeld fared better at the Sydney International, where they were seeded fourth. They lost in the semifinals to Garbin and Nadia Petrova. In the singles tournament, <mask> failed to qualify, losing in the first round of the qualifying tournament to top seed Ágnes Szávay, who went on to defeat Jelena Janković in the first round of the tournament. At the Australian Open, <mask> lost in the second round to Roberta Vinci. In doubles, she partnered with Grönefeld again and entered the tournament seeded 14th. They lost in the second round to Svetlana Kuznetsova and Victoria Azarenka.<mask>'s next bigger tournament was the Memphis Cup in mid-February. She entered the singles draw seeded seventh and lost in the second round to Sofia Arvidsson. In the doubles tournament, she and partner Michaëlla Krajicek were seeded third and won the title without dropping a set, defeating Bethanie Mattek-Sands and Shaughnessy in the final. <mask> then traveled to the Monterrey Open. In doubles, she reunited with Grönefeld and reached the final as the top seed, falling to second-seeded pair Benešová/Záhlavová. In singles, she lost in the quarterfinals to second seed Daniela Hantuchová. At the Indian Wells Open, <mask> lost in the second round to No.2 Caroline Wozniacki. She did not enter the doubles tournament. She fared better in the Miami Open later that month. <mask> partnered with Julie Coin and reached the quarterfinals of the doubles tournament, before losing to third seeds Petrova and Samantha Stosur, who went on to become the runners-up. Her next Premier event was the Charleston Open, where she reunited with Krajicek and reached the final, before falling to top seeds Huber and Petrova. In singles, she lost to Petrova in the second round. At the Madrid Masters, <mask> paired with Chuang Chia-jung for the first time for the doubles tournament.They defeated fourth seeds Huber and Anabel Medina Garrigues, before falling in the quarterfinals to Pe'er and Francesca Schiavone. In singles, <mask> lost in the first round to Karolina Šprem. She then entered the Strasbourg International. In the doubles tournament, she partnered with Alizé Cornet and won the title after an injury to Lucie Hradecká forced top seeds Hradecká/Chuang to retire in the second round. <mask>t defeated second seeds Rodionova/Kudryavtseva in the final for her tenth tour doubles title. In singles, <mask> defeated second seed Elena Vesnina in the first round and reached the semifinals, falling there to Kristina Barrois. At the French Open, she lost in the first round to Mattek-Sands.She entered the mixed-doubles tournament with Christopher Kas, reaching the semifinals, before falling to Shvedova and Julian Knowle. In women's doubles with Krajicek, she reached the second round losing to fourth-seeded Petrova and Stosur. At Wimbledon, <mask> won the ladies' doubles title in straight sets with Yaroslava Shvedova. They defeated Elena Vesnina and Vera Zvonareva in the final. At the US Open, <mask> and Shvedova won their second Grand Slam doubles title, defeating the second-seeded pair Huber/Petrova in a rain-delayed final. At the Stanford Classic, Vania lost to Sorana Cîrstea. 2011
<mask> and Shvedova made the finals of the US Open, losing to Liezel Huber and Lisa Raymond.<mask> made it to the finals of five other WTA tournaments in the course of the year, one in Monterrey with Grönefeld and in Rome, Cincinnati, Osaka, and Moscow with Shvedova. She and Shvedova won the events in Cincinnati in August and Moscow in October. 2012
<mask> reached the third round of the Australian Open at the start of the year, losing to Ana Ivanovic. She had defeated Kateryna Bondarenko in the first round. She reached the second round of the Carlsbad Open in July, losing to Marion Bartoli. In doubles, she reached the final in Stanford with Jarmila Gajdošová and in Carlsbad with Nadia Petrova, but lost to Marina Erakovic and Heather Watson in Stanford and to Raquel Kops-Jones and Abigail Spears in Carlsbad. 2013

In singles action, <mask> lost in the Guangzhou final to Zhang Shuai.<mask> lost in the second round of the French Open and in the first round of the other three Slans. In doubles that year, her best finish was a finals loss in Guangzhou. 2014
In doubles, <mask> made the second round at the Australian Open partnering Galina Voskoboeva. They lost to the Czech/Dutch pair of Hradecká and Krajicek. She partnered with Barbora Strýcová in Florianópolis, and they made it to the semifinals before being defeated by Medina Garrigues and Shvedova. She was eliminated in the first round in Indian Wells, and the second round in Miami, but made it to the final in Bogotá, partnering Chanelle Scheepers of South Africa. Partnering Zheng Jie, she made a quarterfinal appearance in Madrid, losing to Sara Errani and Roberta Vinci.Then followed a series of first-round losses, including Roland Garros and Wimbledon. She had some success in the late summer, making the quarterfinals in Washington, partnering Taylor Townsend, and the third round at the US Open, partnering Lisa Raymond. In singles, she made the semifinals in Shenzhen, but had to concede a walkover. She made a first-round exit at the Australian Open at the hands of Carla Suárez Navarro. At the Pattaya Open, she was defeated by Elena Vesnina in the first round. A series of first-round defeats followed in Rio de Janeiro, Florianópolis, and Indian Wells. She made the second round in Miami and Charleston, but it was not until April in Bogotá that she found some form and made it to the semifinals.She went down in the first round in both Roland Garros and Wimbledon, but she did make the quarterfinals in Washington D.C.

At the US Open, she defeated Francesca Schiavone in the first round, but lost to eventual champion Serena Williams in the second round. 2015
<mask> missed the first three Slams of 2015 due to injury. She lost in the first round of singles and the second round of doubles there in Flushing. The highlight of her year came on hardcourts in Waco, where <mask> and Nicole Gibbs won in November, defeating Julia Glushko and Rebecca Peterson. 2016–2017
In 2017, <mask> reunited with the doubles partner with whom she had had the most success, Yaroslava Shvedova. They made it to the semifinals in Sydney, where they lost to Sania Mirza and Barbora Strýcová. At the Australian Open, <mask> and Shvedova advanced to the third round, where they lost to Mirjana Lucic-Baroni and Andrea Petkovic.They were stopped in the second round of Indian Wells by the Japanese-Chinese pair of Shuko Aoyama and Yang Zhaoxuan. In Miami, they went on to the quarterfinals, where they again lost to Mirza and Strýcová. Performance timelines

Singles

Doubles

Mixed doubles

Significant finals

Grand Slam finals

Doubles: 3 (2 titles, 1 runner-up)

Mixed doubles: 1 (runner-up)

Premier Mandatory/Premier 5 finals

Doubles: 4 (2 titles, 2 runner-ups)

WTA career finals

Singles: 3 (1 title, 2 runner-ups)

Doubles: 33 (15 titles, 18 runner-ups)

WTA 125K series finals

Doubles: 1 (runner-up)

ITF Circuit finals

Singles: 2 (runner–ups)

Doubles: 8 (7 titles, 1 runner–up)

Junior Grand Slam finals

Doubles: 1 (runner-up)

References

External links

American female tennis players
American sportswomen of Chinese descent
Duke Blue Devils women's tennis players
Sportspeople from Los Angeles County, California
Tennis players from Long Beach, California
1989 births
Living people
Taiwanese-American tennis players
Grand Slam (tennis) champions in women's doubles
Wimbledon champions
US Open (tennis) champions

masks:
Vania King
King
King
King
King
Vania
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King Corne
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King


title: Toto Pongsawang

texts:
<mask> or spelt <mask>wang () is a former Thai professional boxer and Muay Thai kickboxer in the 1990s. Biography & career
<mask> had a reputation for being a Muay Thai in Isan region in name "Toto Kangwalprai" (โตโต้ กังวาลไพร). Later, his manager Songphol "Ja Tu" <mask> led him to a regular at the Lumpinee Boxing Stadium, Bangkok under a promoter Songchai Rattanasuban. He is better known for defeating the hot-tempered fighter Pongsiri "Rambo" Por Ruamrudee in the second round with elbow strikes and beat Pairojnoi "Bloody Steel" Sor Siamchai with knockout in the final round even before that, he is almost defeated. That's why he was nicknamed "Lord of Miracle" from Muay Thai fans. Later, Songphol had him change to a professional career. It's intended that to fight just three times and then become a world champion like a legendary Saensak Muangsurin.He made a total of five wins. On September 19, 1993, he faced Ricardo "El Finito" López a WBC Strawweight champion holder at Capitol City Discothèque, Ratchadaphisek Road, Bangkok. As a result, he was defeated by TKO (referee stopped contest) in the 11th round with a very injured face although he can punched López's mouthguard bounce off. Between 1993 and 1995, he continued to fight five more times, losing only once in the Philippines. In 1996, he lost again and his final fight was in 1997, where he was defeated. After Ratanapol Sor Vorapin lost IBF Mini flyweight title to Zolani Petelo in late 1997, Songphol announced that <mask> would challenge Petelo but then it didn't happen, until Songphol quit being a promoter. He returned to Muay Thai again although won two times fight of the year, one of them was a fight with Rambaa Somdet, but unsuccessfully like old so finally retired.Retirement
After retirement, <mask> works a lot because he hasn't much money as labourer, auto mechanic, furniture maker, or assistant restaurant manager. Today, his right eye is completely  blind believed to be the result of a fight with López in 1993. Muay Thai record

|-  style="background:#cfc;"
| 1992-07-31 || Win ||align=left| Chartchainoi Chaorai-Oi  || Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || KO (Punches & Low kicks) || 2 ||
|-  style="background:#cfc;"
| 1992-02-07 || Win ||align=left| Chatchai Paiseetong || Lumpinee Stadium || Bangkok, Thailand || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|-  style="background:#cfc;"
| ?

masks:
Toto Pongsawang
Toto Por Posa
Toto
Pongsawang
Toto
Toto


title: José Brocca

texts:
<mask> (Professor <mask>, 1891 – 1950) was a pacifist and humanitarian of the Spanish Civil War, who allied himself with the Republicans but sought nonviolent ways of resisting the Nationalist rebels. His parents were Spanish and Italian. He was born in Almería, Andalucia in 1891. His father, originally from Milan, was stationed there as the Italian Consul. A forgotten history
Many people's perception of the Spanish Civil War is one of two monolithic 'sides': a war of the Republicans against the Nationalists. In fact it was by no means as simple as that, and although it was the Republican cause that was more seriously undermined by internal power struggles, there were many factions and sub-groups within both the main groupings. Almost completely overlooked by mainstream historians, there was also a vigorous element of pacifism, and the work of the Spanish arm of the organisation War Resisters' International (WRI) is almost totally forgotten in popular history and neglected by academics.Similarly, and perhaps inevitably, the history of military assistance, particularly through the International Brigades, is far better documented than the role of people dedicated to non-violence, civilian initiatives and what today we would call non-governmental organisations. Viator

As with many families, civil war meant uncertainty, movement and separation; but <mask>'s children regarded their formative years as having been spent in the small town of Viator, near Almería, and it is to Viator that family members have returned in order to visit the area with which they feel <mask> is most closely associated. <mask> was a school director at Viator in the early 1930s, and he earned a reputation as a respected community leader. For example, he was instrumental in defying local commercial interests who wanted to prevent a project to bring water to a public fountain in the village. There was once a plaque at the water fountain in Viator commemorating this event, but it has since disappeared. A lifelong internationalist and political activist, <mask> was involved in setting up Escuelas Laicas (secular schools), an initiative which became part of the Republican policy programme. Andalucia was quickly caught up in the violence and confusion of the Civil War, and one infamous incident was the shelling of the port of Almería by the Kriegsmarine.As is both metaphorically and literally the way with civil war, brother fought against brother. <mask>'s five children were: Arnulfo, Helio, Irma Leticia, Olga Teresa and Humberto. Arnulfo, the eldest, found himself on the rebel side, rose quickly through the ranks, and eventually had a distinguished post-war career as a senior officer in the regular Spanish army, mainly in La Coruňa, before retiring to Huelva then Seville to live with his daughter and family. Humberto was drawn in on the Republican side and died of wounds and sickness contracted on the battlefields. In spite of the horrors of war and the divisive nature of this war in particular, the four surviving brothers and sisters held warm memories of their childhood in Viator, and kept in touch in the post-war years. Throughout his life Arnulfo, the decorated war hero, veteran of some of the fiercest battles, and highly respected officer in the post-war army of Francoist Spain, spoke of his pacifist father as the 'greatest man who ever lived'. This is no paradox: it is testament to the courage and strength of character of both men, indicative of the complexities of civil war, and a victory for humanity over mere politics.It tells us that even in the most challenging circumstances the lasting strengths of the family can conquer the transient demands of the state. Helio died in 1968, Olga in 2004, Arnulfo in 2005 and Irma in 2009. <mask> aligned himself with the socialist segment of the complex political spectrum in Spain, and represented Spanish pacifists at international meetings of the peace movement (the Orden del Olivo and War Resisters' International). He was a colleague of anarcha-feminist doctor Amparo Poch y Gascón. He believed that pacifists had to support the Republican cause, but he was first and foremost a humanitarian. There is a local story in Viator which suggests that he helped a Catholic priest escape assassination by giving him his car. From 1933 to 1937 Professor <mask> was in Madrid, where his work included being a school inspector and teaching at the university, while the family home continued to be in Viator.It is believed that at one stage <mask> also spent some time in Buenos Aires, Argentina, where his brother was living. A challenge to pacifism

Many active pacifists in Europe and the USA found it difficult or impossible to take a neutral view of the Spanish Civil War (Prasad, 2005). Some prominent members of pacifist organisations, like Dr. Albert Einstein, had already renounced pacifism altogether, as a reaction to Hitler's rise to power in Germany. Fenner Brockway resigned from WRI in the early days of the Spanish Civil War (although after World War II with the onset of the Cold War and the nuclear threat he re-affirmed a commitment to pacifism). <mask>'s opinion of the position in Spain was that:
'...the people have had no alternative but to meet violence with violence. It is regrettable, but the entire responsibility for the tragic and bloody days we are enduring lies with those who...have let loose destruction and slaughter to defend, not ideals, but out-of-date and hateful privileges, tending to a set-back to medieval barbarism' (quoted in Brown, 1937). <mask>'s activism in response to the armed insurrection in Spain was widely quoted by pacifists in the UK and elsewhere as representing a role model.Herbert Runham Brown, Hon. Secretary of the WRI, asked 'What should I do if I were in Spain?' and in answer reproduced parts of a letter from <mask> in which he stated:
'In Barcelona, in Valencia, in the province of Cáceres and in Madrid I have acted, and continue to act, in such interesting tasks as stimulating, directing and organising the peasants so that instead of abandoning their agricultural work, even in those areas abandoned by the fascists in their flight, they work to avoid interruption in production and provision of supplies for the towns; in establishing and organising schools and homes for the children of those citizens who have fallen or who are fighting on the various fronts, and in general taking advantage of all opportunities to spread among the combatants our humanitarian ideals and our repugnance to oppression and cruelty' (Brown, 1937). <mask> relinquished his government post in Madrid in order to dedicate himself to organising activities such as the purchase and distribution of food and clothing, which was imported through a dock at Valencia financed by the WRI for this purpose; and in Madrid he organised a women's committee to distribute food and collect information on people who were not able to reach relief centres (Bennett, 2003). War children

During the war the French Catalan town of Prats-de-Mollo-la-Preste (near Perpignan) in the Pyrenees was the location of a refuge financed by the War Resisters' International and run by Professor <mask> and his wife. Helio, Irma and Olga were also there for a time, but were then sent, in the care of <mask>'s sister-in-law, to stay with sympathisers in Rouen, until the defeat and occupation of France during the Second World War necessitated their escape from Normandy back to the south. The Prats-de-Mollo refuge housed children separated from their families, orphans and widows who had escaped from Spain; according to Hunter (1939), at any one time approximately forty people were in residence, and the care of an extra person would always take priority over the purchase of any little 'luxuries'.During his time there Professor <mask> became expert in finding pathways through the Pyrenees and crossed the border many times on various missions which took him in both directions. In effect, the refuge became part of an 'underground railroad' (Agirre, April 1996). According to Bennett (2003) <mask> disliked traditional orphanages and children's institutions, which to him resembled prisons. Before the war he and Amparo Poch presented the Republican government's Ministry of Health with a plan for 'homes' that would be designed to shelter twenty-five children in the care of a surrogate mother and father. Under wartime conditions, the number of twenty-five was often exceeded, but Bennett records that as well as establishing several children's colonies in southern France, with WRI support Brocca settled five hundred children in Mexico. While the majority of the children came from Republican families, there is evidence in the Sayre Papers (Swarthmore College Peace Collection) that <mask> did not turn away orphans or lost children whose parents were Nationalists. Escape and exile

After the Civil War had officially ended Professor <mask> refused to leave Prats-de-Mollo until all the children in his care had been returned to safety with their families in Spain.By this time his own life was seriously threatened by the occupying Nazis and their collaborators in Vichy France. The Prats-de-Mollo refuge was near the route of one of the four main frontier crossings now being used by hundreds of thousands of Spanish refugees as the Republican collapse became inevitable. It was not an easy journey, involving mountain tracks impassable to motor transport. Amparo Poch y Gascón was one who used this route (Rodrigo 2002). She stayed at Prats-de-Mollo for some time before finally reaching Toulouse, where she was to live the rest of her life in exile, and it is reasonable to assume that she was given shelter at the WRI's refuge. Since Prats-de-Mollo was also the location of one of the large concentration camps set up by the Nazis in this part of occupied France, and since <mask> had been crossing the frontier repeatedly to contact and make possible the flight of anti-militarists and other threatened people out of Spain (Agirre, April 1996), it was clear that his life was now in even greater danger than ever before, and an offer of asylum in the UK was made at the instigation of prominent British pacifists such as Runham Brown, George Lansbury, Grace Beaton, Ruth Fry, and Lord Ponsonby. Brown and Lansbury had initiated a unique arrangement with the British Home Secretary whereby the WRI as a body could act as sponsor for refugees it wished to bring over from Spain and other continental countries where there was a risk of persecution, the WRI itself being underwritten by a panel of guarantors whose names and standing were accepted by the Home Office (Prasad, 2005).However, before <mask> could respond to this offer he was arrested and imprisoned. Eventually, thanks to the influence of WRI, and with the active help of the French Resistance, <mask> escaped from the concentration camp and left France, finally arriving in Mexico on 17 October 1942 aboard the Portuguese vessel SS Nyassa, a ship well known to many refugees of both the Spanish Civil War and World War II. Evidence in the written archives is sketchy about the period between <mask>'s escape from arrest and his arrival in Mexico, but family testimony suggests that for some considerable time neither he nor his wife knew whether the other had survived. The Nazi occupation meant that making enquiries was extremely difficult, despite the best efforts of WRI to establish contact via agencies such as the Red Cross. After many further severe difficulties his wife and one of his sons (Helio) later joined him, having been separated from him for some years. They settled in San Luis Potosí and Mexico City where members of Helio's family still live. Funds towards their airline and boat fares were raised by supporters in the UK, and there was also considerable support from the USA coordinated by John Nevin Sayre of the Fellowship of Reconciliation in New York State.<mask>'s other children settled in Wales (Olga), Sweden (Irma) and Spain (Arnulfo). Professor <mask> never saw Spain again, but died suddenly in June 1950 at the age of 59. He is buried in Mexico City. Democracy and optimism

In the early 1970s, with the gradual liberalisation that preceded the death of Franco in 1975, and Spain's subsequent transition to democracy, <mask>'s widow Rosa García López was able to return to Spain, living for part of that time with relatives in Madrid and with her sister Maria García López who ran a small newspaper and magazine shop in Calle Ecuador, in the 'Casablanca' district of the port city of Vigo, Galicia. Rosa was also able to spend some time reunited with her daughter Olga Brocca Smith and her family in the village of Pyle, near Bridgend, Wales. Olga and her husband were peace activists to the end of their lives. In his book White Corpuscles in Europe (1939) the American writer Allan A.Hunter views the close of the Spanish Civil War and the opening of World War II from across the Atlantic, and despite the desolate outlook in Europe sees some grounds for optimism in the work of humanitarians including Philippe Vernier (France), Friedrich Siegmund-Schultze (Germany), Pierre Ceresole (Switzerland), Muriel Lester (England), George Lansbury MP (former leader of the UK Labour Party) - and <mask>, Spain. On page 76, Hunter states:

'Professor <mask> seems to recognise that to fight fascism with the weapons fascists use is self-defeating. If we do as the fascists do then we only endorse fascism. To prevent fascism we have to prevent the desperation, the poverty, the chaos and the ignorance out of which fascism is produced'. Scott H. Bennett writes of him:
'<mask>'s story demonstrates that pacifist courage is no less heroic than the military kind'. See also
 List of peace activists

Sources and references

Books and pamphlets
Bennett, Scott H. (2003) Radical Pacifism: The War Resisters League and Gandhian Nonviolence in America, 1915-1963, Syracuse NY, Syracuse University Press, , pp. 67–68.Brown, Herbert Runham (1937) Spain: A Challenge to Pacifism, pamphlet, London, War Resisters' International/ The Finsbury Press, pp. 5–6. Hunter, Allan A. (1939) White Corpuscles in Europe (foreword by Aldous Huxley), Chicago and New York, Willett, Clarke and Company,  pp. 71–82. Poch, Amparo, et al., (1938) Notre Travail en France, pamphlet (in French), London, War Resisters' International. Prasad, Devi (2005) War is a Crime Against Humanity (foreword by George Willoughby), London, War Resisters' International, , pp.167, 179, 198, 205, 207, 212, 217, 230, 260, 462, 463, 482, 504. Prof. <mask> is pictured seated, far left, in photographs 7 and 8 on pp. 522 and 523, and standing, far left, in photograph 27 on page 531. Sanchez, Antonio Molina (1990) Cuevas del Almanzora y Garrucha, 1880–1890, Apuntes Para Su Historia, Almeria, Grafika Ediciones. The bibliography cites a report by Professor J<mask> dated 1921. Romeu Alfaro, Fernanda, and Rahona Saure, Alexia (2017) Memoria en Sombra: La Internacional de Resistentes a la Guerra (IRG/WRI) y La Guerra Civil Espanola, (Prologo de Stasa Zajovic), , Barcelona, Ediciones de Intervencion Cultural / El Viejo Topo. Also of interest is the Spanish language biography of Amparo Poch y Gascón, an anarchist and feminist doctor who worked with Professor <mask>.She was co-founder of the famous Mujeres Libres organisation and sometime member of the Republican government:

Rodrigo, Antonina (2002) Una Mujer Libre: Amparo Poch y Gascón: Médica Anarquista (A Free Woman - Amparo Poch y Gascón : Anarchist Doctor), Barcelona, Flor del Viento Ediciones (see, in particular, pages 78, 79, and 105). This book contains a reproduction of an advertisement from the journal Solidaridad Obrera (17 July 1936) for a 'grand international meeting against war' on 18 July at the Plaza Monumental (bull ring), Barcelona, organised by Las Juventudes Libertarias (The Libertarian Youth). The speakers were to be: Fidel Miro, for Libertarian Youth; Max Muller, for the Swedish Young Anarcho-Syndicalists; Professor <mask>, for the War Resisters' International; Dra. Amparo Poch, for the War Resisters' Feminine Section;  Hem Day, for the International Committee for Anarchist Defence; Dr. Félix Martí Ibáñez, for the Practical Idealists;  Manuel Perez, for the Anarchists of Barcelona; Augustin Souchy, for the International Anti-Militarist Bureau, and Federica Montseny for the CNT. Cuartillas (notes) were to be read from: Diego Abad de Santillán, Georges Pioch and Bart de Ligt, with Delso de Miguel presiding, for the Libertarian Youth. In the 1937 pamphlet by Runham Brown (see reference above), it is mentioned that this peace rally was cancelled because Franco flew to the mainland from Canarias on the very day of the proposed rally, and the Spanish Civil War began. Articles and external links
Article by Xabi Agirre in Peace News (April 1996)
Article in Green Peace News (May 1996)
Article by Xabi Agirre in Peace News (Aug./Sept.1996)
Article from The Wise Elephant ()
Article in German
Movimiento de Objección de Conciencía (2002) 'En Legítima Desobedencia: Tres Decadas de Objección, Insumisión y Antimilitarismo'
El Mundo, article in Spanish mentioning <mask>'s work, by the prominent British historian and Hispanic specialist Professor Henry Kamen
Article in German, quoting <mask>
Bart de Ligt: El Gran Olvidado (Bart de Ligt: The Great Forgotten One); article (in Spanish) by Cthuchi Zamarra,  mentioning, in passing, <mask>'s work in Spain. Un Brigadista de Paz (A Brigader of Peace); Article by Andres Bedia. WRI archives at the International Institute of Social History, Amsterdam
 Papers of John Nevin Sayre, held in the Swarthmore College Peace Collection, Pennsylvania; Series B, Box 42, Spain
Academic paper by Scott H. Bennett, presented to the International Conference on the Spanish Civil War, Madrid 2006 (in Spanish)
Fernanda Romeu Alfaro, Memoria en sombra: los pacifistas en la guerra civil Espanola, El Viejo Topo n 287, Dec. 2011
 Housman's Bookshop, Caledonian Road, London
War Resisters' International

Spanish language article on Wikipedia.Es

Notes

1891 births
1950 deaths
People from Almería
Spanish people of the Spanish Civil War
Spanish pacifists
Spanish people of Italian descent

masks:
José Brocca
José Brocca Ramón
José Brocca
Brocca
Brocca
Brocca
Brocca
Brocca
Brocca
Brocca
José Brocca
Brocca
Brocca
Brocca
Brocca
Brocca
Brocca
Brocca
Brocca
Brocca
Brocca
Brocca
Brocca
Brocca
Brocca
Brocca
Brocca
José Brocca
Brocca
Brocca
Brocca
. Brocca
Brocca
Brocca
Brocca
Jose Brocca
Jose Brocca


title: Manuel Hipólito Orella

texts:
<mask> (died Quillota, Chile, 12 February 1857), known simply as <mask>, was a Chilean naval officer who made a career in the Chilean Navy. He was one of the first Chilean midshipmen who entered the nascent navy in 1818. He joined the First Chilean Navy Squadron and participated in the naval war for the independence of Chile and Peru. He also spent time in the Chilean Army in the infantry branch. Furthermore, he held several important positions in the navy until his death in 1857. Early years and emancipation war
<mask> was born somewhere in the Captaincy General of Chile, part of the Spanish Monarchy. His father was <mask> and his mother Mercedes Macaya Mujica.He had a sister named Maria del Carmen. In the first months of 1818 he entered the Military Academy of Santiago as a cadet and was soon sent to fight in the battle of Maipú in April, winning a medal for it. At the beginning of September, entered the newly created Naval Academy of Valparaíso as a midshipman. <mask> was one of the thirteen cadets of the Military Academy who, at the request of Supreme Director Bernardo O'Higgins, were chosen by the ship-of-the-line captain <mask> Encalada to be the first students of the naval institution. He would be one of the few first midshipmen to continue the naval career. In the first Chilean naval squadron during the war

Campaigns between 1818 and 1822

At the end of September, embarked on the corvette Chacabuco, under the command of Captain Francisco Díaz, and joined the fleet commanded by Blanco Encalada, which sailed from Valparaíso on 9 October with the mission of intercepting in Talcahuano a Spanish convoy that had recently left Cádiz. His naval baptism by fire culminated in November with the capture of the Spanish frigate María Isabel, renamed O'Higgins, and five transport ships.Upon returning from the mission, he won with the crew the right to wear a bracelet that had the following description: “His first trial gave Chile the dominance of the Pacific”. On 23 December, he went on to serve under Vice Admiral Thomas Cochrane, hired by the Chilean government to direct his naval fleet. Participated in the two raids to Peru that Cochrane made in 1819, aboard the flagship O'Higgins, under the command of Captain Robert Forster. In these incursions he was present in the capture of San Lorenzo Island, the attacks on Callao, the landings in the Peruvian coast and in the capture of the Spanish ships Águila and Begoña. He also participated in the capture of Valdivia in February 1820, temporarily aboard the schooner Moctezuma, earning a silver medal for his bravery. He later participated in the Liberating Expedition of Peru, again aboard the O'Higgins, earning another medal. He was in several actions of the expedition, such as the capture of the Spanish frigate Esmeralda, in which he had to command one of the frigate's boats that Cochrane arranged for the attack.Commissions and new campaigns between 1823 and 1826
At the beginning of 1823 <mask> became second lieutenant and embarked on the brig Galvarino, under the command of Captain Matías Godomar. The following year served as an assistant to Captain Carlos García del Postigo, appointed Major of the Department of the Navy. On 15 August, ascended to first lieutenant and embarked as an assistant in the frigate Maria Isabel (former O'Higgins), commanded by Captain Forster, and flagship of Vice Admiral Blanco Encalada. He participated in the campaigns that the Supreme Director Ramón Freire carried out in Peru and Chiloé, which tested his conditions of brave and skillful leader of forces. During the Chiloé campaign of 1826, found himself in the landing maneuver in front of the batteries of San Carlos de Ancud, in which he commanded one of the boats that captured three realistic gunboats protected in the bay and destroyed two others. Days later, repeated the attack in the battle of the Pudeto River. At the end of the campaign, for his military actions, he was promoted to a corvette captain and received a medal that on his obverse had the motto: “Colmavit gloriam suam in Chiloé”.Later years
Between 1826 and 1827 he was deputy for Quillota. By then, the war against the Spanish Monarchy ended and the Chilean squadron was disarmed for economic reasons. He went on to serve in the Chilean Army on 8 August 1828, having some experience in the institution; for having been in the Military Academy and for his actions of military landing on the Peruvian coast in 1819. He came to occupy the rank of sergeant major of infantry, being discharged in 1830 and reinstated in 1839 due to the War of the Confederation. In 1843, he was appointed Captain of the Port of Copiapó, already reintegrated in the navy with the rank of graduate frigate captain. In that period he married Avelina Echanez and later moved with her to the newly created port of Caldera, a new port captaincy in replacement of Copiapó. On 2 October 1847, served as an assistant to the General Commander of the Navy and the following year, without prejudice to his position, assumed the Maritime Government of Valparaíso.Between 1851 and 1852 he was assigned to the Arsenals Command, being already an effective frigate captain. In 1852, his son <mask> <mask> Echánez was born in Caldera, who would also follow the naval career. He also had two daughters: Celmira and Celia. On 23 December 1853 he was granted sick leave. Its last designations were the Maritime Government of Atacama (Caldera) in 1854 and that of Valparaíso in 1856. At that time, its service sheet recorded multiple recommendations, one of which read as follows:

Finally, he died in Quillota, on 12 February 1857. His wife received from the government, by the laws of 30 March of that year and 28 August 1868, respectively, a pension of 543 pesos per year and one of 14 pesos per month.Posthumous tribute
In 2011, the new buildings of the Maritime Governorate of Caldera bear his name in memory of this illustrious naval officer, who was his first naval governor after the founding of Caldera in 1850. References

Sources

Year of birth missing
1857 deaths
19th-century Chilean people
Chilean Navy officers
19th-century Chilean Navy personnel
Chilean Navy officers by war
Chilean Army officers
Chilean Army personnel
19th-century Chilean military personnel
People of the Chilean War of Independence
People of the Peruvian War of Independence
Chilean Navy personnel of the Spanish American wars of independence

masks:
Agustín Manuel Hipólito Orella Macaya
Manuel Hipólito Orella
Orella
Manuel de Orella Goya
Orella
Manuel Blanco
Orella
Manuel Joaquín
Orella


title: Nookala Chinna Satyanarayana

texts:
Mahamahopadhyaya Dr. <mask> (4 August 1923 – 11 July 2013) was a Carnatic musician, a classical vocalist, musicologist, author and teacher, a great administrator and motivator. He was a performer on All India Radio and Doordarshan who participated in Sangeeta Sammelans, outdoor broadcasts and national programmes innumerable times. His radio lessons and Bhakti Ranjanis were very popular. He was awarded  Padma Bhushan award by the Government of India in 2010. Early life
<mask> was born in Anakapalli, Andhra Pradesh, the son of Annapurneswara Sarma and Yegnachayanamma. His father, Annapurneswara Sarma, was a 'Srividya' upasaka (a scholar and priest of high rank). His mother Yegnachayanamma gave him basic training in classical music and fostered his talent.His father always motivated and encouraged him. Career
Nookala, when young, entered the traditional theatre and handled a few boy roles but classical music attracted him from the start. He has started as violin student. Sri Kambhampati Akkaji Rao led him to Mangalampally Pattabhiramayya at Vijayawada, under whose guidance he remained for three years, after which he made his way to Vijayanagaram to learn violin under Prof. Dwaram Venkataswamy Naidu garu. Nookala accompanied Prof. Naidu garu on his concerts all over India, and Prof. Naidu garu introduced Nookala to Dr. Sripada Pinakapani. His singing style developed after he came under the influence of Dr. Pinakapani. Nookala sharpened his analytical approach, achieving a deeper understanding of the science and art of music and learnt to infuse the raga bhava in every note and phrase of the kriti.Nookala was attracted by several musical greats but developed his own style of singing, never departing from classicism, yet expressing the beauty of 'raga' and the meaning of the 'kriti', with special emphasis on diction. Government service career
During his administrative career spans over four decades: he has held various posts and positions, including:

Professor, Maharajah's Government College of Music and Dance, Vizianagaram
Professor, Telugu University, Hyderabad
Principal, Govt. Music College of Secunderabad
Principal, Govt. Music College of Hyderabad
Principal, Govt. Music College of Vijayawada
Principal, Sri Venkateswara College of Tirupati

Personal life
Nookala was married to Sesha, daughter of Annapurna and Ayyalasomayajula Kameswar Rao, a 'Srividya' upasaka: they have seven children. Positions held
Founder President of Viswakala Parishat
Chairman Board of Studies - Andhra University
Chairman Board of Studies - Sri Venkateswara University
Expert Member - Andhra University
Expert Member - Madras Music Academy
Member Audition Board and Committee - All India Radio

Awards
 Padma Bhushan by Government of India in 2010. Hamsa Award or Kala Ratna (Cultural Council Government of Andhra Pradesh)
 Annamacharya Vidwanmani ('Sapna' - Sri Annamacharya Project of North America, Chicago)
 Sangeeta Kala Acharya (Music Academy, Chennai)
 Sangeeta Vidya Nidhi (Andhra Music Academy, Bhimily)
 Vani Kala Sudhakara (Bangalore Gayan Samaj, Centenary Celebrations, Bangalore)
 Saptagiri Sangeeta Vidwanmani (Sri Tyagaraja Festival Committee, Tirupati)
 Nada Nidhi (Sri Ganapathi Sachidananda Swamy)
 Nada Hridayagnaha (Swami Dayananda Saraswati)
 Nada Sudharnava (Murali Ravali, Madras)
 Sangeeta Sarvabuama (Sri Maruti Tyagaraja Gana Sabha, Tirupati)
 Sangeeta Ksheera Sagara (Sri Tyagaraja Narayanadasa Seva Samithi, Rajahmundry)
 Ganakala Ghandarva (Vamshi Arts Theatres, Hyderabad)
 Lakshya Lakshana Marthanda
 Sangeeta Sudhakara
 Emipatus Fellowship from Govt.of India
 President's Sangeeta Nataka Academy Award
 Senior Fellowship of Department of Culture Govt. of India
 Mahamahopadya
He is the Asthana Vidwan of
Sri Tirumala Tirupati Devastanam - Tirupati and Pitsburg, U.S.A.
Kanchi Kamakoti Peetham of Kanchi
Sringeri Sankara Peetham of Sringeri
Pushpagiri Peetham of Pushpagiri
Ganapati Sachidananda Ashram - Mysore

Critical views
Sri Paramaacharya of Kanchi "Your music is divine"
Sri Bhagvan Satya Sai Baba "Your music is devotional and also oceanic"
Padmasri Dwaram Venkata Swamy Naidu "Your intellectual grasp and talent are mercury"
Sri Semmangudi Srinivasa Ayyar "Your are a budhisali"

He has sung in the presence of;

Sri Jawaharlal Nehru - former Prime Minister of India
Sri P.V. Narasimha Rao - former Prime Minister of India
Sri S. Radhakrishnan - former President of India
Sri V.V. Giri - former President of India
Mayor of London and Chicago and many more

Teaching
Nookala has travelled all over India performing. He is the favourite choice of SPICMACAY Society for Promoting Interest in Classical Music and Culture among Youth. He has total command over the South Indian style and also a commendable knowledge of the Hindustani style of music which enables comparative study. Nookala has traveled to United States of America, Canada, the United Kingdom, Ireland, Malaysia, Singapore, and Mauritius.He has given performances and lecture demonstrations and conducted workshops in several universities including Cambridge, Oxford, Edinburgh, London and Wakefield in the U.K. and Wesleyan, Wisconsin, Colombia and Colorado in U.S.A.

His lecture demonstrations are attended by students, teachers and academics. He compares the Carnatic music system with other systems, including Hindustani as well as western classical music while being an ambassador of Carnatic music. He has a passion for teaching and enjoys it very much. The title Mahamahopadhyaya is given to a musician who has trained a hundred students. Dr. Nookala has several hundreds of students ranging from beginners to doctorate trainees, five-year-olds to 75-year-olds, prodigies to minimum gifted students. Dr. Nookala founded Viswakala Parishat, a non-profit organization for the cause of music and related activities which holds chamber music concerts and conducts music festivals and launches young and talented artists. Books
 Sangeeta Sudha a course of lessons including Saralis, Alankaras, Geethams, Varnams with notation published in English and Telugu.Ragalakshana Sangraham

A reference book of the lakshanas or features of 250 ragas with examples in sanchari listing the compositions and viseshana prayogas in detail. This is available in Telugu and in English under the name "Ragas Of Indian Music"

 The Monograph Of Tyagaraja's Pancharatna Kritis

A work on the 'Magnum Opus' of a saint composer. It covers every aspect of the five monumental compositions giving word by word meaning, extended meaning and a commentary correlating the swara sahitya relationship. He has examined and analyzed the kritis from the three angles of literature, music and spiritualism excelling in every aspect. This book is available in both English and Telugu. Deekshithar's Navagraha and Kamalamba Navaavarna Kritis

Meaning, sahitya with notation and an in depth commentary. This book is available in both English and Telugu.Sri Tyagaraja Saraswata Sarvaswam

All the kritis of Sri Tyagaraja with commentary and meaning. This book is available only in Telugu. Sangeeta Saastra Sudhaarnavam

Some aspects of the science and art of Indian Music. It deals mainly with Carnatic Music but some aspects of Hindustani and western music are also presented briefly. This book is available in both Telugu and English under the name "The Science of Indian Music"

Vaggeyakara Kriti Sagaram

This book contains lyrics with notations, of great composers and musicians of ancient India like Tyagaraja, Deekshitar, Syamasastry, Annamayya and also contemporary musicians like Dr.Mangalampally Balamurali Krishna and Dr.Sripada Pinakapani Garu. It is a treasure of classical Musical Compositions. This book is available in 2 volumes and is available only in Telugu.Death

Despite his advanced age and failing health, Nookala participated in many programmes and toured abroad. His condition worsened by 2013 and he died on 11 July 2013, less than a month before his 90th birthday. References

"Mahamahopadhyaya Dr. Nookala <mask> Satyanarayana", nookala.com website. External links
 Biography of Mahamahopadhyaya Dr. <mask> <mask> Satyanarayana at www.nookala.com

2013 deaths
1923 births
Male Carnatic singers
20th-century Indian male classical singers
Recipients of the Padma Bhushan in arts
Recipients of the Kala Ratna
Musicians from Visakhapatnam
Singers from Andhra Pradesh

masks:
Nookala Chinna Satyanarayana
Nookala Chinna Satyanarayana
Chinna
Nookala
Chinna