title: Noko

texts:
 BNegão. <mask> went on to produce and mix some tracks for the band's 2015 Anti-Nasty League album (RUMJOINT0005): "Sacrifice And Pain", "Director's Cut" and "Mental Pollution" (to which he had a writing contribution), playing additional guitar, bass and various keyboard/programming enhancements along the way.This led to the band he formed with Brad Lee, $HirtLiftA supporting PWEI on their UK tour that summer: Brad Lee on vocals, <mask> on guitar and Frank Horovich on guitar and electronics. In 2016, <mask> reunited with Matthew Glamorre to form SCISM, the 'house-band' at his SCISM audio-visual, multi-media art-happening nightclub on EU Referendum night in London. They recorded and released "Dalston Bump" to coincide with a series of events at Vogue Fabrics in Dalston. In Summer 2017 SCISM played a set at Churchtown festival in Cornwall and again in September at The Bargehouse in London as part of Open London weekend. In April 2017, Magazine released the vinyl-only "Old World Charm" (WIRED42) : 6 tracks recorded at the BBC Electric Proms at Roundhouse, London in 2009. The Graeme Oxby pic on the rear of the sleeve featured <mask>'s MXR 'flanger-on-a-stick'. <mask> composed and produced the music score for director Darren Cavanagh's feature-length documentary Ex-Dominatrix, for release in December 2017.The movie opened the 2019 London Fetish Film Festival, at which it won Best Feature. In 2017, <mask> and Mary Byker started work recording a body of songs that would become the debut Am I Dead Yet? album, which was released on the Wire-Sound label in April 2019 (WIRED#48). A 5-track remix EP, “Never Mind The Bolex…Am I Dead Yet? reimagined on 35mm”(WIRED#49), which featured cinematic dub remixes of some of the album highlights, was released as a download only, free with advance-orders of the album during the crowd-fun run-up to the actual release. Live dates promoting the album saw the live line-up expanded with the addition of Cliff Hewitt from Apollo 440 on drums and Derek ‘Hoodlum Priest’ Thompson on bass guitar. Other appearances
The nature of the Apollo 440 remix and production process means <mask> has played on too many records by other artists to list usefully here.StealthSonicSoul was an alter-ego spin-off project by the three members of Apollo 440. One release "StealthSonicSoul" came out in 1992 on Scottish 23rd Precinct affiliated Limbo label. A further track "StealthSonic Sun In Her Hair" appeared on a Limbo compilation the following year. The EZ Drum & Bass Orchestra consisted of <mask> and Frederick Pasquan and made one commercially available EP "Beat Girl" b/w "EZ Beat Girl" and "Slow Beat Girl" on the Sliced label in 1996. The duo also remixed a number of other artists e.g. "Carrerra Rapida -EZ Drum&Bass Orchestra Remix" by Apollo 440 on Sony in 1997. <mask> played bass in 1991 on the Total Abandon EP and Jubilee Twist LP in 1992  by The Heart Throbs, a group from Reading who folded in 1993.<mask> played a number of gigs with the band in 1991 and was in the line up that was joined onstage on 25 October of that year by Only Ones frontman, Peter Perrett at Underworld, Camden Town,London, for a version of The Only Ones' "Lovers Of Today" along with a few other songs. In the same year, he played abstract guitar on the song "Ventriloquists and Dolls" from Momus's album Hippopotamomus. In 1992, <mask> produced the one and only LP by Hyperhead, Metaphasia, which came out on the Devotion label. The band was formed by Mary Byker. After Gaye Bykers on Acid split, Mary joined and toured with industrial supergroup Pigface before forming Hyperhead, which included contributions from his Pigface colleagues Martin Atkins (also formerly of PiL and Killing Joke) and William Tucker (also previously of Revolting Cocks and My Life With the Thrill Kill Kult), along with bassist Karl Leiker (who had previously played with <mask> in Luxuria) and guitarist Paul Dalloway. Also in 1992, <mask> collaborated with Stuart Crichton as Johnny Potatohead, releasing a single, "Johnny Potatohead" on Reverb Records. On 14 July 1998, Apollo 440 played "La Nuit Electronique" concert with Jean Michel Jarre, with whom they had collaborated twice that year : firstly on the single "Rendezvous '98"  (which became the ITV World Cup Theme in UK and reached #10 in the singles chart) and an @440 remix of "Oxygene 10".Apollo performed the two tracks live onstage with JMJ in front of the Eiffel Tower to an audience of over 600,000. It was Bastille Day and only two days before, France had won the World Cup. Immediately after they won on 12th, the Mayor of Paris asked Jarre to put together this impromptu free concert for the people of Paris to extend the euphoria. At the climax of the show, an enormous firework display went off on the Eiffel tower behind the stage. This was the largest concert <mask> has ever played. <mask> and both Gray brothers all played synthesiser and Jean Michel Jarre played theremin. From 2002–2004, <mask> was involved as Producer/Musical Director for The Prada Meinhof Gang, an all-female Art-Terrorist troupe active between 2002–2004, whose activities included performance/installations at the Venice Biennalle, Tate Britain, ICA etc.Their track "Want Is Your Master" was included on the free CD compilation that accompanied the "Music" issue of Modern Painters magazine. In March 2007, Apollo 440 played the "A Tribute To Billy MacKenzie" charity concert at Shepherd's Bush Empire alongside British Electric Foundation (their first ever live show),Glenn Gregory (Heaven 17), Claudia Brücken (Propaganda) and Paul Humphries (OMD) and Paul Haig, amongst others. It was 10 years after his death. Apollo, with Ewan MacFarlane on vocals closed the show with "Pain In Any Language" from their 2nd LP Electroglide In Blue. This collaboration was the last song MacKenzie finished before his tragic suicide only weeks later. The Apollo set also included their cover of The Smiths' "William, it was really nothing" - the only time it was ever performed live. <mask> made his feature-film debut with a brief cameo appearance as an accordion-playing Parisian street musician in Éric Valette's Une Affaire D'Etat movie in 2009.He also had a cameo in Éric Valette's next movie La Proie in 2011 as a harpsichord player in a music-recital scene set in a prison which culminates in a full-scale riot. In 2011, <mask> contributed guitar to two tracks on The Organ Of Corti, an LP by Magazine's Dave Formula and cellist Christine Hanson. After the passing of Pete Shelley in December 2018, <mask> was asked to perform with the current Buzzcocks, Steve Diggle, Danny Farrant and Chris Remington, at a special memorial concert at London's Royal Albert Hall on 21 June. The concert featured original Buzzcocks drummer John Maher and bassist Steve Garvey alongside a number of special guests, including Pauline Murray (Penetration), Captain Sensible (The Damned), Thurston Moore (Sonic Youth), Peter Perrett (The Only Ones), Richard Jobson (Skids), Dave Vanian (The Damned) and Tim Burgess (The Charlatans). <mask> played Pete Shelley's guitar parts and solos for the duration of the show, which was MC'd by Paul Morley and included tributes by original Buzzcocks manager and New Hormones label founder Richard Boon, original Buzzcock  Howard Devoto, who provided a short film featuring a world premiere of a Buzzkunst track that he'd recorded with Pete, but was never released and, to end the show, a eulogy and special thanks from Pete's wife Greta. Appropriately, <mask> played two songs, "Boredom" and "Time's Up" on a red 1960s Starway guitar - the same model made famous by Pete during the early Spiral Scratch days of the band, with its missing top-section. Equipment
For Apollo 440 live, throughout the late 1990s Noko used the following guitars: a green Parker Fly Classic, a blue Parker Fly Deluxe and a pink Fender 1962 reissue Stratocaster through a pair of Digitech 2112 rack FX units, an 1980s Roland GP-8 and Fender Twins, but whilst the guitars remain the same, the preamps have been upgraded to Digitech GSP 1101 units with Control 2 foot controller through either a Marshall JCM2000 TSL through a Marshall 1960AX 4x12" cab or a Marshall EL34 50/50 power-amp and a pair of 4x12"s

Noko's 2017 @440 rig was the same 3 guitars into a Kemper Powerack (Fender Tube Reverb tank in FX loop) into a Marshall 1936 2 x 12" cab with a pedalboard incorporating Kemper Remote, a Boss DM-3 and a Boss FT-2  in conjunction with 2 EV-5 expression pedals.While he was touring with Magazine in 2009, <mask> used a pair of green Yamaha SG1500 guitars with an MXR dyna comp, MXR flanger, Boss DM-3 and Boss PS-5. The flanger was stand-mounted as per John McGeoch and Robin Simon's setup with the band in the late 1970s. For amplification, <mask> used two late 1970s Marshall JMP 2x12" combos with Marshall 4x12'cabinets and a Fender Twin. A Variax 700 Acoustic was used for the intro of "I Want To Burn Again" through another late 1970s MXR flanger. <mask> used a 1978 Black Ovation Magnum II bass guitar with Levyathan through a Boss CE-2 and boss OC-2 into a Sansamp Bass Driver and EBS Fafner Bass rig. A jetglow '74 Rickenbacker 4001 was used for one or two gigs during his time with the band. Whilst on tour with Tomoyasu Hotei, <mask>'s bass rig was as follows : Ibanez Black Eagle(Reissue), 1978 Antoria Snow Eagle, 1982 G&L L-1000(natural), 1978 Ovation Magnum II (black)
into : EBS Fafner MkI through EBS Neo 210 and EBS Neo 115 cabs, with the top-end (up an octave through electroharmonix POG2) split through Kemper Powerack into Marshall 1936 cab.<mask>'s 2019 live rig for both Apollo 440 and Am I Dead Yet? is the same 3 guitars into the Kemper and either a Mission Engineering Gemini GM-2 FRFR system, or a Matrix GT800FX stereo power amp and stereo Marshall 1960 4x12"cab(s) for international shows. His pedalboard now includes an Xotic EP boost and the Boss FT-2 and Fender reverb tank have gone. Two Gretsch White Falcons (single and double cut-aways) were used extensively during the making of the Am I Dead Yet? album, but not live shows, so far. For the Pete Shelley Memorial show with The Buzzcocks at London's Royal Albert Hall, he used Pete's old Marshall JCM-900 and a sunburst late '70s Ibanez AR-300 Artist, his green Yamaha SG-1500 and a red 1960s Starway J-1. The only pedals were MXR Flanger, Xotic EP boost and Boss Hyper Fuzz.References

External links
The Stealthography (Apollo 440 and related discography)
Apollo 440 (official page)

Living people
1962 births
English rock guitarists
English male guitarists
English rock bass guitarists
Male bass guitarists
English multi-instrumentalists
English new wave musicians
English record producers
Magazine (band) members
People from Bootle
Musicians from Liverpool
The Cure
Buzzcocks
Apollo 440


title: Wasfia Nazreen

type: original

texts:
<mask> is a Bangladeshi mountaineer, activist, environmentalist, social worker and writer. She is the first Bangladeshi and first Bengali to complete the Seven Summits on 18 November 2015. National Geographic recognized <mask> as one of their Adventurers of the Year 2014/2015. She was selected in honor of her activism and commitment to empowering women through her work in the field of adventure. She was again selected as one of their Explorers in 2016. becoming the only woman to hold the simultaneous titles of National Geographic Explorer and Adventurer. She was named by Outside as one of 40 women in the last 40 years who have advanced and challenged the outdoor world through their leadership, innovation, and athletic feats, and by Men's Journal as one of the 25 most adventurous women of the past 25 years. Nazreen is also known for her campaigns to raise awareness of animal rights, human rights situations in Tibet, environmental impacts, Bangladeshi women's rights (including of sex workers and garments factory workers) and Indigenous groups.<mask> is credited in Bangladesh history as the nation's inspiration and one of the legendary women to have made pioneering contribution. She is an icon for millions of Bangladeshis:
<mask> symbolises patience, endurance, and determination for conquering the Seven Summits against all odds. But statistics alone is an incomplete assessment of her strength which, surprisingly, lies also in her humility. She remains remarkably unchanged by the adulation and attention her victories have brought her. By reveling in the unusual distinction of boasting the world's best at something, she becomes an outstanding role model for a youthful nation that won freedom not too long ago. In hailing <mask>, Bangladesh today hails a symbol of what, as a nation, we collectively aspire to be. Her perseverance, we are sure, will be an inspiration to the youths of the country to achieve the challenging objectives in fulfilling the dream of the nation.In December 2019, Nazreen was featured in UN Women's "Generation Equality" campaign. In March 2021, Nazreen was one of the activists to launch UNESCO's worldwide Forum on Biodiversity. Early life and education

Early years
<mask> was born in Dhaka with the birth name <mask> <mask> Chowdhury. She is the youngest child and only daughter of Mahmuda Nahar (Ruby), a musician and teacher, and Nazmee Jahan Chowdhury, an executive at James Finlay Bangladesh. Nazreen lived in Khulna, where she studied at Sunflower Nursery school and then Coronation Girls’ High School. When she was still a child, the family moved to their previous home in Chittagong. There she studied in Bangladesh Mahila Samiti Girls' High School (BWA).In early 1996, when Nazreen was thirteen, her parents officially divorced following which she went to live with her aunt, Chobi Rouf, and uncle, NAT Rouf, in Dhaka where she was enrolled in the English medium Scholastica school. At this point, she was separated from both her parents as well as her only sibling and elder brother, Sarwar N. Chowdhury, who stayed in Chittagong with their father. Nazreen competed in volleyball and handball alongside studying theatre in high school. She was in the first batch of now popularly known Prachyanat School of Acting and Design. When <mask> went to the United States for college on her own, she took off her family last name from all official papers. She credits her childhood as the most impactful time of her life:
I may be the wealthiest and happiest person today, but I might wake up in the morning to find out that an earthquake took it all. Life is unpredictable and there will always be loss, and in fact, a myriad of joys and sorrows.If we can recognize difficulties as opportunities–as methods to improve ourselves, our perspectives–then I think we are able to bear it better. We then learn to identify loss as a blessing, and not as a curse. In one sense, it may be the most brutal and morbid experience—but it’s also the most basic teaching in life–that every thing, every being, every state, no matter how powerful they may seem—is impermanent. It’s when we take everything for granted, is when we suffer so much.I still remember the times when I barely had the money to eat, or the time when I didn’t have any guarantee about the place I’d be able to live in the following week. Because I experienced that, am able to appreciate loving homes and the families I chose, much more. Likewise, Khalamoni, my aunt who raised me, has firsthand accounts of depression and trauma that I battled as a child following my parents tumultuous divorce. But it’s because I experienced that so early on in life that I pursued true friendships and am able to appreciate the art of joy much more.Nazreen was trained in classical music and dance from a young age, but discontinued practice, after her mother, who was also her first teacher left the family.Education

Nazreen had to take care of herself from a very young age because of certain tragic circumstances in her childhood. This also made her realize early that the only way to set herself free, and to be independent, would be to educate herself. Throughout my life I have been told all the things that I couldn’t do instead of being encouraged to chase what I could do. Because of circumstances involving my parents’ divorce, I had to stand up on my own and think for myself from a very young age (twelve years to be precise!) From the very beginning, I have had more than a fair share of struggles raising myself and finding my true path. By the time I was thirteen years old, I had moved in with my aunty and her husband, in a completely different city and environment, and by nineteen, I left my motherland to pursue higher education and live the “American Dream.” Those formidable years, now that I look back, provided a strong foundation to tackle challenges when I grew up and went out into the world. But back then I didn’t know that obstacles are only opportunities.I grew up and functioned in an environment where success is measured by achievements only. With every setback comes great learnings and growth, and we have to be open to seeing it that way. The more we welcome the bitter events, the richer the experience. Nazreen received a scholarship to Agnes Scott College (ASC), a private women's college in Decatur, Georgia. Nazreen left Bangladesh with the intention to pursue a double major in Theatre and Aeronautical Science. In her first semester, Nazreen played in her university's volleyball team and toured for the NCAA (National Collegiate Athletic Association), but she dropped volleyball in third year, when she struggled to keep up with her academic grades. By her second year, she switched to double majoring in Studio Art and Social Psychology.Outside the university, Nazreen was involved with African Dance Theatre part-time. Nazreen was a distant scholar at Samye Ling College of Scotland. While still in college, Nazreen received a grant to go to India and research how women were using art as therapy. In Dharamsala of Northern India, she started working with Tibetan women who had gone through torture in their lives at Chinese prisons. She describes it as a "life-altering experience" for her where "forgiving your enemies and really embodying that principle in your day-to-day life" was something that was very new to her. Following graduation, she decided to quit her work in the United States and moved to the Himalayas to work with refugees. Work, activism and climbing
Nazreen was chosen as the first Goodwill Ambassador of BRAC (NGO), an international development organization.She was also the youth ambassador for JAAGO Foundation and its concern Volunteer for Bangladesh. In 2011, Nazreen was part of the Indigenous Peoples delegates at the United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues (UNPFII). She is part of the Save Sundarbans movement, and was a critical voice to pressure the GOB and other concerned bodies in cleaning up efforts following the disastrous oil-spill of 2013/4. Nazreen worked for the international humanitarian aid group CARE (relief agency). When the funding for one of CARE's projects dried up, Nazreen decided that while foreign support had its role in the developing nation, it was time for the Bangladeshi people to begin building aid organizations that were not headed by foreigners. She had begun mountaineering in 2006 while working in Tibet to stem human rights violations by the Chinese government. She decided to combine her two passions—activism and climbing.Since finishing climbing the seven summits, Nazreen has been hard at work on her Ösel Foundation, which she describes as an “educational institute set in the outdoors, which integrates the latest scientific findings about the development of the mind and combines it with mindfulness techniques and training in nature to empower adolescent girls.”

In 2016, <mask> became the brand ambassador for Grameenphone, becoming the highest paid female athlete of Bangladesh and one of the highest paid athletes of the nation. During her two year contract with Bangladesh's largest telecommunications network, she used the platform to challenge social responsibility and holistic development of the society through Grameenphone’s various social initiatives like online schools, easy internet education for the common people, women empowerment and other development initiatives. Nazreen represented Bangladesh in Nepal at the closing ceremony of the two Nation's first ever Business Forum in January 2016. Nazreen highlighted the power of youth and the importance of sustainability and respecting nature while developing infrastructure. The conference was closed with a recitation of her poem, written in Nepali, about the ancient connection of the rivers that criss-cross her motherland Bangladesh with the Himalayas. Free Tibet
Her work with Tibetan human rights took her to Dharamsala, Himachal Pradesh, the exiled-capital of the Tibetans, where she lived for several years in her early twenties. Since 2007, Nazreen has been banned by the Chinese Government from returning to

masks:
Wasfia Nazreen
Nazreen
Nazreen
Wasfia
Wasfia
Nazreen
Wasfia
Nazreen
Nazreen
Nazreen


title: Wasfia Nazreen

texts:
 Tibet after she was found with a photo of the 14th Dalai Lama.Nazreen was part of the international movement for greater freedom and better human rights conditions inside Tibet and some high-profile protests and uprisings, leading up to the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, including the March to Tibet protest in solidarity with 2008 Tibetan Uprising and several concerts and other events throughout the globe. She was also an active member of Students for a Free Tibet (SFT) and the National Director of SFT in Bangladesh. In 2009, with pressure from the Chinese Embassy in Bangladesh, her photography exhibition titled "Into Exile: Tibet 1949-2009" in partnership with DRIK, was shut down in Dhaka. The exhibition was still shown online while riot-geared police barricaded the premises and audience waited in the streets and consequently, she was intimidated and harassed for months by authorities and intelligence in her country. Bangladesh on Seven Summits
On 26 March 2011, to celebrate 40 years of Bangladeshi independence, Nazreen launched the "Bangladesh on Seven Summits" Campaign. For the campaign she has climbed each of seven continental summits to mark 40 years of women's progress in Bangladesh. The campaign received widespread support from the mass and was run completely independent of any political support, contrary to various claims made in the media by a number of Ministers in the Bangladesh Government.Among notable civilians, cricketers from the Bangladesh national team supported by advocating in their own rights, most outspokenly Shakib Al Hasan, world's number one all-rounder and Mashrafe Mortaza, the captain of the Bangladesh national cricket team. Many other notable individuals including Sir Fazle Hasan Abed and Nobel Peace Prize recipients Professor Muhammad Yunus and the 14th Dalai Lama were her outspoken supporters throughout the campaign. Nazreen started trekking to base-camp of Everest on 26 March 2012 to mark Bangladesh's Independence day. On 18 November 2015, Nazreen reached the summit of Carstensz Pyramid, the summit of Oceania, completing a four years long journey to the Seven Summits. She became the first Bangladeshi and first Bengali in the world to do so. She dedicated it to the “Spirit of 1971 Liberation War of Bangladesh and all those who are fighting to protect it." Nazreen dedicated her successful Everest climb to the women of Bangladesh, saying: "We have achieved independence 41 years ago, but our women are yet to enjoy freedom".Nazreen became the first Bangladeshi to summit Aconcagua, South America’s highest peak and the highest peak outside of Asia. She is also the first Bangladeshi to summit Denali, North America’s highest peak, Mt.Elbrus, Europe’s highest mountain, Vinson Massif, Antarctica’s highest mountain and Carstensz Pyramid, Oceania's highest mountain. Nazreen has several more mountains and volcanoes under her belt which she summited as a first Bangladeshi. Patrick Morrow, the first person in the world to have climbed the highest peaks of all seven continents (in accordance with the Messner list) has overseen her training for seven summits. Nazreen was invited by the House of Commons in UK Parliament in 2014 to share her journeys with the British Member of Parliaments. Free Shahidul Alam
In 2018, Nazreen was a vocal activist in the international "Free Shahidul" campaign to free the renown jailed Bangladeshi journalist Dr. Shahidul Alam. One of the protests outside the Headquarters of the UN that she had organized were met by violent thugs and opposition.Nazreen managed to get a permit the following day and flew a plane carrying a message that had an image of Shahidul reading “#FreeShahidulAlam”, as well as a text banner saying “Free Our Teachers #Bangladesh #UNGA” in New York skyline, traversing the Statue of Liberty, while the United Nations General Assembly was in effect. This followed a weekend of demonstrations and talks held at various parts of the city calling for greater press freedom in Bangladesh, particularly addressing the case of Shahidul, who was picked up by plainclothes men in Dhaka, and sent to jail in a case filed under the notorious ICT Act. Personal
Nazreen is vegan and an advocate of animal-rights. She currently lives in Venice beach, Los Angeles. Nazreen likes to stay private and has often been quoted to say she shies away from social-media and the spotlight. She is dubbed in Bangladeshi media as a fashion icon and role-model. A long-time supporter of Tibet, Nazreen is close friends with the 17th Karmapa Ogyen Trinley Dorje and the 14th Dalai Lama Tenzin Gyatso.She credits them in interviews as the two most important teachers in life who has shown her the way when she was derailed in life. <mask> openly discusses accounts of dealing with depression and trauma as a child following her parents divorce that made her homeless as a result. She credits such struggle at early life for giving her "abilities to bounce back after adversities and greet change and difficulties as an opportunity to welcome greater self-reflection, learning, and growth." She studied meditation with Tibetan teachers Dilgo Khyentse Yangsi Rinpoche and Yongey Mingyur Rinpoche. Life is meditation–it’s not a separate thing. The essence of meditation is recognizing awareness. If we’re not aware, we cease to exist.Yoga, meditation, mindfulness—these are like compasses when we’re lost at sea. Thanks to my mother, I was born into yoga. And then later in my adult life I have been extremely blessed not only to be directly guided by some of the most profound teachers of our times, but also to work in movements and environments led by HH the Dalai Lama and HH the Karmapa, and experientially learn how great beings like them who also went through so much atrocities in their personal lives—deal with it all, behind the limelight. Whenever I have (in the past) got derailed somehow, they’ve pulled me out, often in miraculous ways. So having this circle of family, and the particular purpose I have–I’m really blessed and I wouldn’t in my awakened mind for a second want to imagine it any other way. <mask> was diagnosed with COVID-19 in March 2020 and during her worst battle, she used the platform to send positive messages and advocated for mental health, by going on podcasts and live shows with notable personalities such as cricketers, actors and astronauts. She was one of the first Bangladeshis to have gotten diagnosed while being abroad.In 2020, in the Bruce Lee Podcast, she stressed about the importance of mental-health and ancestral trauma healing, and how individual mental-health is directly linked with the health of our planet. Relationship with nature
Nazreen is often quoted in TV and other media requesting against labeling her mountaineering expeditions as a "conquering" feat due to its colonial and patriarchal nature:
I have been extremely blessed this lifetime to be introduced to nature and wildlife from very early on in my life–whether that was through upbringing near the Sundarbans, the largest mangrove forest in the world or living in Chittagong in close proximity with the Chittagong Hill Tracts. Growing up in Bangladesh, I witnessed natural disasters as long as I can remember–hurricanes, floods, typhoons, cyclones–you name it. As a child, one of my earliest memories is, having to wade out of our living room in boats when the floods came every year. All the pets and animals that lived on our land, would be struggling to swim across with us–the dogs would eventually be rescued out of water, and so on. Abbu, my father was in shipping so we also got to witness the wrath of raging Bay of Bengal a lot as kids. Even though all these experiences combined instilled the exposures required to realize firsthand who was the real boss–I think people in general in my region and culture, from time immemorial treated nature differently.For example the mountains are referred as gods and goddesses. So I always found it strange, when people so gallantly proclaim to have “conquered” an entire mountain, which is also a very patriarchal perspective if you think about it. Before summit bids on big mountains, the usual scene is that everyone’s praying and promising of things they’d do only if allowed for that one short window to open up just so we can stand on top in all her glory for a brief moment. Therefore, it’s really a process of surrendering to nature and then if it’s your time, she will most likely bless you. <mask> in books and documentary
 <mask> and her quests are subjects of HSC exam quiz and various other school textbook contents in Bangladesh. <mask>'s philosophy of life is featured among five of the most adventurous souls in National Geographic's Special Publication “Adventures of a Lifetime.”
 <mask> is the subject of the 2016 documentary <mask> made by Apple Inc. and produced by Academy Awards nominated RYOT Films. The documentary was shot on the iPhone 6s and premiered at the Telluride Mountainfilm festival same year.The documentary was on tour around the world and was shown as part of the National Geographic Shortfilm Showcase. It received critical acclaim internationally, including a nomination for the prestigious Tribeca-X award at the 2017 Tribeca Film Festival and The New York Times calling it a bait for the Academy Awards. <mask> is one of the subjects in Astronaut Ronald J. Garan Jr.'s book The Orbital Perspective.“What really struck me in <mask>’s description of her experience was that overriding feeling of gratitude, which in some way connected her to every single being. This was exactly what I experienced in space: immense gratitude for the opportunity to see Earth from this vantage, and for the gift of the planet we’ve been given. In some way I can’t explain, being physically detached from Earth made me feel deeply interconnected with everyone on it. I distinctly remember this feeling of profound thankfulness, but <mask>’s words helped me to process that awareness of interconnectedness with the inhabitants of the planet.”
 Nazreen is one of the twelve Women Explorers to grace National Geographic's 2020 Explorer

masks: Nazreen Nazreen Wasfia Nazreen Nazreen Nazreen Wasfia Nazreen Wasfia Wasfia


title: Kazem Sadegh-Zadeh

texts:
<mask>-Zadeh (; ; born 23 April 1942) is an Iranian-German analytic philosopher of medicine. He was the first ever professor of philosophy of medicine at a German university and has made significant contributions to the philosophy, methodology, and logic of medicine since 1970. Life and career
Sadegh-Zadeh was born on 23 April 1942 in Tabriz, Iran. The fourth of eight children, he grew up in Tabriz and attended school from 1947 to 1959. His father was a craftsman and manufacturer and ran a minor terrycloth weaving mill. In the wake of severe political and economic crisis in the country caused by the U.S. and British coup d'état against the democratically elected government of Iran's Prime Minister Mohammad Mosaddegh in 1953, he went bankrupt and never recovered. At eleven years of age when entering the high school shortly after his father's bankruptcy, Sadegh-Zadeh told his parents he would become a professor of medicine in the future and provoked laughter from them.Upon finishing school education at the prestigious Ferdowsi High School in Tabriz, Sadegh-Zadeh came to Germany in March 1960 to pursue his goal as a working student and studied medicine and philosophy at the universities of Münster, Berlin, and Göttingen from 1960 to 1971 with Internship and residency 1967–1971. He earned a doctorate of medicine, Dr. med., from the University of Göttingen in November 1971. But immediately he left practical medicine to conduct theoretical research on clinical reasoning, for during his training in the hospital he had got the impression that in the foundations of clinical decision-making something was going wrong to produce about 38% errors of diagnosis and treatment. In an autodidactic way he specialized in the philosophy of medicine and was assistant professor and lecturer 1972–1982 and full professor of philosophy of medicine 1982–2004 at the University of Münster located in the city of Münster in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia in northwest Germany. He is married since 1970 and has two sons. In the 1970s, Sadegh-Zadeh inaugurated a new direction in the philosophy of medicine that he based, like analytic philosophy, on the application of formal logic and dubbed analytic philosophy of medicine to distinguish it from the traditional philosophy of medicine,<ref name="Organism">Sadegh-Zadeh K. The organism as a cyclic-causal system.(In German.) Ärztekolloquium 1970; No. 1, pp. 26–39, edited by Duensing F. Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Göttingen.</ref> for he did not, and still does not, consider this traditional style of philosophizing on medicine a scientific endeavor, but "belles lettres". His international recognition came especially through his work on the logic and methodology of clinical reasoning, including artificial intelligence and fuzzy logic application in the theory of medical decision-making. He is the founding editor of two international journals, first Metamed founded in 1977 (renamed Metamedicine later. Current title: Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics, published by Springer Verlag), and second, Artificial Intelligence in Medicine founded in 1989 (published by Elsevier).His extensive work includes the following innovative theories: a comprehensive theory of medicine presented in his monumental Handbook, theory of fuzzy biopolymers, the prototype resemblance theory of disease, the palimpsest theory of mind, and the theory of technoevolution and . Work
 Analytic philosophy of medicine
Sadegh-Zadeh conceives analytic philosophy of medicine as philosophy of medicine in the analytic tradition of philosophizing, i.e., philosophy of medicine by means of logical and conceptual analysis with its primary fields of inquiry being:

 Philosophy of medical language,
 Medical praxiology, i.e., philosophy, methodology and logic of medical practice,
 Medical epistemology,
 Medical deontics, i.e., analysis of medical morality, obligations, and law,
 Medical logic, and
 Medical metaphysics.Seising R, Tabacchi ME (eds. ), Fuzziness and Medicine: Philosophical Reflections and Application Systems in Health Care, A Companion Volume to Sadegh-Zadeh's Handbook of Analytic Philosophy of Medicine. Berlin: Springer, 2013. Philosophy of medical language
Sadegh-Zadeh considers medical language an ill-structured and ill-kept extension of everyday language by adding technical terms such as "angina pectoris", "appendicitis", etc. Sadegh-Zadeh claims that most of its terms are imprecise and ambiguous because they are either undefined or ill-defined. Since it has a significant impact both on medical knowledge and medical decision-making, he devotes himself extensively to the analysis of its nature and of its syntax, semantics, and pragmatics.He demonstrates and analyzes what he claims to be the inherent vagueness of medical terms and constructs techniques for dealing with this principally ineliminable feature by means of fuzzy logic. To this end, he introduces a comprehensive methodology of medical, including fuzzy, concept formation. Inspired by  Patrick Suppes's and  Carl Gustav Hempel's works,Hempel CG, Fundamentals of Concept Formation in Empirical Science. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1952. he bases this methodology on an explication and formalization of all methods of definition known today. Medical praxiology Medical, or clinical, praxiology is an old term introduced by Sadegh-Zadeh in 1977–1981 already to denote a wide-ranging inquiry into the foundations of clinical practice, particularly of clinical judgment and decision-making, with the aim of reducing diagnostic-therapeutic errors and of improving physician performance.Foundations of clinical praxiology. Part I: The relativity of medical diagnosis. Metamedicine, 1981;2:183–196.See the article here In the latter article referred to, he has defined the term explicitly as "analysis of clinical practice", "inquiry into clinical practice", and "theory of clinical practice", i.e., the philosophy, methodology, and logic of medical doing and acting. Central topics include everything related to concepts and theories that are basic to clinical practice, i.e., the concepts and theories of patient, suffering, health, illness, disease, diagnosis, etiology, prognosis, therapy, and prevention. This perspective, Sadegh-Zadeh claims, creates a fertile scientific field with a host of tasks ranging from conceptual analyses (like "what is disease? ", "what is a diagnosis? ", "what is differential diagnosis? ", etc.) to logical analyses – such as "is clinical decision-making computable or does it require human intelligence and intuition?"– to epistemology, ethics, and metaphysics of clinical decision-making and so forth. Over the past decades, Sadegh-Zadeh's clinical praxiology has developed further with increasing sophistication. One example of his theories is the  prototype resemblance theory of disease presenting a fuzzy-logical explication of the vague concept of disease:

 Medical epistemology
Medical epistemology is the philosophy of medical knowledge or simply theory of medical knowledge. Sadegh-Zadeh conceived it as a task or branch of the philosophy of medicine already in 1982 deploring that "The contemporary philosophy of medicine movement is mainly concerned with medical-ethical problems while unduly neglecting medical-epistemological ones". The category medical knowledge consists of statements of spatio-temporally localized facts, general hypotheses, and theories. Sadegh-Zadeh has proposed an elaborate systematics of all types of medical hypotheses and knowledge the latter ones including classificatory knowledge, causal knowledge, experimental knowledge, theoretical knowledge, practical knowledge, clinical knowledge, and medical metaknowledge. Most important among them is what is called practical knowledge or know-how in medicine.By a formally precise explication of this knowledge type he shows that medical-practical knowledge actually consists of conditional norms, i.e., deontic conditionals, mainly conditional obligations. This is one of the reasons why Sadegh-Zadeh considers medicine a deontic discipline. Specifically, he views clinical practice as practiced morality because clinical decision-making is nothing but the application of conditional obligations of which diagnostic-therapeutic rules of action primarily consist. And since clinical research pursues such rules of action and tries to improve the available ones, it constitutes explorative and normative ethics based on empirical research and experience. A central role in Sadegh-Zadeh's medical epistemology play medical theories. He analyzes the concept of "medical theory" in line with the so-called structuralist view of theories to represent their structure and content, according to Patrick Suppes and  Joseph D. Sneed's approach, as set-theoretic predicates. This enables him to show that a theory in medicine cannot be confirmed, supported, disconfirmed, verified or falsified simply because it is merely a conceptual structure and no epistemic entity to be true, probable or false.It does not make any empirical claims about the world. Such claims are made using the theory as a tool. The claims themselves, as empirical hypotheses, are something different than the theory. Not only medical theories, as non-epistemic entities, do not deserve the ascription of truth or falsehood. Regarding any other piece of general medical knowledge, Sadegh-Zadeh shows that apart from the Gettier problem, it does not fulfill the classical definition of knowledge as justified true belief. According to his detailed analysis, there are no justified true beliefs in medicine. Statements, hypotheses and theories in medicine and other fields are usually viewed as knowledge only because the ascription "this is knowledge", for example, that AIDS is caused by HIV is knowledge, is a performative conducted or affirmed by a scientific or professional community as a social group.This communitarian and social epistemology that goes back to the Polish physician and epistemologist Ludwik Fleck (1896–1961), is profitably utilized and extended by Sadegh-Zadeh. Medical deontics
Apart from the deontic nature of medical-practical knowledge referred to above, a second reason why Sadegh-Zadeh classifies medicine as a deontic field is his view that according to his prototype resemblance theory of disease, the concept of disease is inherently value-laden. This is so because prototype diseases upon which nosology is based are, as phenomena, disvalued by human beings and are therefore considered to be something "that ought not to be". That means that they are, and consequently all other diseases as their resemblants are, deontic entities. The deonticity of medicine and of disease as its basic concept necessitates, according to Sadegh-Zadeh, a specific inquiry by means of suitable tools and methods, i.e., deontic logic. This research field he terms medical deontics. It also includes medical ethics, medical metaethics, and medical law.Medical logic
Publications entitled "The Logic of Medicine" give rise to the question whether medicine has its own logic like quantum logic is argued to be the logic of quantum mechanics. To answer the question, Sadegh-Zadeh distinguishes between logic in


title: Hans-Joachim Frey

texts:
Hans-<mask> (born 10 June 1965, in Gehrden, Lower Saxony) is a German cultural manager. From 1997 to 2007, he was Artistic Director of Operations and Director of Opera (from 2003) at the Semperoper in Dresden from 2007 to 2010 and general director at the Theater Bremen. In January 2013 he was responsible in the European Capital of Culture in Linz as a board director and artistic director of Liva, where he was also on the Bruckner House, the International Bruckner Festival and the clouds of sound. Since 2006, he is also a founder and the first Chairman and Artistic Director of the Semper Opernball in Dresden. Moreover, he is often culturally engaged, such as in vocal and instrumental competitions as well as in cultural studies organizations as well as artistic director of the Dresden Opera Ball. <mask> is the nephew of Armin Mueller-Stahl. He attended school in the capital of Lower Saxony, Hanover.From the seventh to the twentieth year he received piano lessons and at the age of eight he joined the Hanover Boys' Choir at, where he served for ten years. In addition, he took six years of teaching in the church organ, which he finished with the completion of the C-organist examination. In 1984, he graduated from high school in his hometown. Subsequently, he did his military service from where he was employed as a driver, secretary and organist of the military vicar. After this he started at the University of Music and Theatre in Hamburg trained as an opera singer, alternating between the voice types of tenor and baritone. At the urging of his father, for whom the profession of opera singer was too uncertain, he took courses of study as a musical theater directorhttps://www.t-artsoby.com/collections/wall-art. By the end of 1989 he started a collaboration with the Hamburg State Opera as a study project, the operetta Die Fledermaus by Johann Strauss, for which he won numerous sponsors.He subsequently enrolled in the new university course for management culture. During his studies he worked as an opera singer at various theaters and concerts. He was also assistant director, including Hamburg and Stockholm, and brought five more of its own productions at studio theaters in Rostock and Detmold on the stage. In 1990 he received from Götz Friedrich he graduated as a director (musical theater), and three years later the diploma as a cultural manager at Rough Hermann and Peter Ruzicka. Early theater work

After graduating <mask> worked since 1993 as Artistic Director of Operations at the Thuringian State Theatre in Eisenach in 1995 and then held the same position at the Theater Bremen. Time in Dresden

In May 1997, <mask> was operating as Artistic Director of the Saxon State Opera Dresden at the Semperoper. There he ran an internationalization policy and the singer gave performances by well-known directors such as Willi Decker, Sebastian Baumgarten, Nemirova, Claus Guth, Nikolaus Lehnhoff, Günter Krämer and Peter Konwitschny.He also stepped up its cooperation with the Dresden Staatskapelle and thus also with conductors such as Giuseppe Sinopoli, Semyon Bychkov, Sir Colin Davis, Fabio Luisi, Sebastian Weigle, Marc Albrecht, Daniel Harding, Christian Thielemann, Manfred Honneck and Daniele Gatti. When in August 2002 as a result of the exceptionally strong flood of the Elbe the Semperoper had to be closed, he initiated during this period together with Harry Kupfer staging Carmen - a version by Georges Bizet in the premises of the Transparent Factory on the edge of the Great Park. The piece was presented there for a month before the headquarters of the State Opera 9 November 2002 with the ballet Illusions - like Swan Lake, the new season 2002/2003 could be included. In summer 2003, he was named for opera director. Under his leadership, perpetual interruption was the occasion of the 800th anniversary of the city in early 2006 after 67 years Semper Opera Ball reintroduced. January 2013 2600 guests took part in the first event, while 4000 spectators on the video screens pursued transmitted event at the Opera House forecourt. In April 2007, he resigned from his post at the Semperoper in order to take over the general directorship of the theater Bremen.However, he is still the artistic director of the Opera Ball and first chairman of the Dresden Semper Opera Ball V. The ball was played in 2013 under his leadership the 8th Time. Director in Bremen

At Theater Bremen <mask> followed Klaus Pierwoß ab. In his term of office continuing process should be the reorganization of the theater as a holistic brand culture across the stage also. In the course of this concept initially was a modernization of the logo; also a greater involvement with the business and other cultural institutions should be allowed. During the directorship Frey Theater Bremen was a collaboration with the Culture Church St. Stephani, which includes, among other so-called theater sermons on certain pieces. Rank in the foyer of the theater was the place at the Goethe Theatre Galerie Bremen established in the far including works by GABO, Armin Mueller-Stahl, Anna Thalbach, Christian Ludwig Attersee and Ai Wei Wei were presented. For these innovations, the theater received several prizes and awards.He developed the concept of the 2,500 seater floating stage on the former site of Bremen AG Weser River and in the summer for a week to attend the opera was seen. At the beginning of his term <mask> had the production of the musical Marie Antoinette by Michael Kunze and Sylvester Levay announced. This was however listed from January and May 2009 in the musical theater funded by the Bremen Theatre Bremen. The cost of production amounted to 5.8 million euros. But instead of the expected 120,000 spectators visited only 90,000 then the ideas, there was a loss of 2.5 million euros. Due to political disputes about the musical project Marie Antoinette he asked in August 2009 to the early termination of his contract at Bremen Theatre 31 July 2010. In Russia

After working in Bremen <mask> staged for the Mariinsky Theatre in Saint Petersburg on the occasion of the 150th anniversary of 2010, the opera gala.At the Moscow Bolshoi Theatre took place in September 2011, the international singing competition Competizione dell 'Opera under <mask>'s line instead. Thus, this song competition was first held outside of Germany. This competition was then in 2012 at the Bolshoi Theatre in Minsk / Belarus instead. At the Boris Pokrovsky Moscow Chamber Opera he has 2011 opera Zar und Zimmermann first fully staged in Russia, sung in German with spoken dialogue language and in Russian. In 2011 there was a big gala for the 50th anniversary of the twinning between Dresden and St. Petersburg under the baton of Vladimir Jurowski and directed by <mask> and organization at the Mikhaylovsky Theatre (en place). In 2012 he staged in October in the cities of Ulan-Ude and Irkutsk go the opera The Flying Dutchman by Richard Wagner on Lake Baikal. Was first brought to the stage an opera in the original language of a foreign director beyond the Urals.In December 2013 at the International Opera Forum at the State Academic Bolshoi Theatre of Belarus in Minsk also the opera The Flying Dutchman was brought on stage. Other activities

<mask> leads different teaching assignments for Cultural Management at the University of Music and Theatre in Hamburg, the University of the Arts Bremen and the University of Music Franz Liszt Weimar through. In 1996, he exclaimed as founder and director of the international singing competition Competizione dell 'Opera of the Italian opera to life, which is intended to promote young talent. The competition is now established worldwide and has been performed 12 times. In 2003 he founded together with a small group of other cultural officials, the International Forum for Culture and Economics (also Tiberius Forum). Under the auspices of the Forum Freys busy 2003 Piano Competition "Anton G. Rubinstein" again. In 2009  the piano competition for the fourth time with the final concert at the Semperoper took place.He was director of the 2004 competition held by Tiberius Forum International Composition Competition for the Transparent Factory. He was also a member of the advisory board of the Hanover boys choir. He is a member of the boards of trustees of the Kreuzchor, the Richard Strauss Festival and the Daetz Foundation (see Daetz Centre), with Werder Bremen and Rotary International. Additionally he was a member of the jury at numerous art competitions since 2005 and is also patron of the Musikverein Dippoldiswalde. From 2011 to the end of 2012 he was Managing Director of LaValse GmbH Berlin. In 2011 he became a visiting professor at Seoul Arts College in Korea called. From 2013 to 2017 he was the new Artistic Director and Executive Director of Liva in Linz.He was responsible for the Bruckner House, the International Bruckner Festival, the clouds of sound, Posthof and was on the board of Ars Electronica. Controversy
According to the verdict of Federal Court of Justice, Naomi Campbell did not have to be paid 55,930 euros for her appearance at the SemperOpernball in connection with the awarding of the St. Georgs Order 2015. According to Hans-Joachim <mask>, he had canceled the engagement on the previous day. References

Arts managers
1965 births
Living people
German art directors
German operatic baritones
German musical theatre directors
German operatic tenors
German theatre directors
German theatre managers and producers
Hochschule für Musik und Theater Hamburg alumni
Opera managers
People from Gehrden
University of the Arts Bremen faculty

masks:
Joachim Frey
Frey
Frey
Frey
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Frey


title: Daric Barton

texts:
<mask> (born August 16, 1985) is an American former professional baseball first baseman. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Oakland Athletics. Minor league career
<mask> was drafted by the St. Louis Cardinals in the 2003 Major League Baseball Draft in the 1st round as the 28th overall player selected. He was selected right out of Marina High School in Huntington Beach, California. <mask> had signed on to attend Cal State Fullerton and play baseball there, but accepted a $1 million signing bonus from the Cardinals instead. <mask> began his professional career with the Johnson City Cardinals (Cardinals' Rookie League affiliate) in 2003, mainly playing as a catcher. In 54 games, he batted .291 with 4 home runs.In 2004, he advanced to the Peoria Chiefs, the then Cardinals Single-A team. He played in just 90 games for the Chiefs, batting .313 with 13 home runs. He was named to the Midwest League Postseason All-Star team. He led the Midwest League in on-base percentage (.445), was third in the league in batting average (.313), and was fourth in the league in slugging percentage (.511). On December 19, 2004, he was traded along with pitchers Dan Haren and Kiko Calero to the Oakland Athletics for starting pitcher Mark Mulder. <mask> was #32 out of 100 on Baseball America's Top 100 Prospects list in 2005. After having an emergency appendectomy part way through spring training, <mask> started the 2005 season slowly, but ended the year with a .317 batting average.He spent most of 2005 with the Single-A Stockton Ports of the California League, but also appeared in 56 games for the Double-A Midland RockHounds of the Texas League. He was also selected to play in the All-Star Futures Game at PNC Park in Pittsburgh. With the Cardinals, <mask> played catcher, but the Athletics moved <mask> to first base due to concerns with <mask>'s ability behind the plate, the negative impact catching can have on the development of a young hitter, and because the Athletics had a number of more advanced catching prospects (Kurt Suzuki, Jeremy Brown, and Landon Powell). In 2006, <mask> once again appeared on Baseball America's Top 100 Prospects list, this time ranking at #28. He was also ranked as the Athletics' #1 prospect. He played for the Triple-A Sacramento River Cats in 2006, but due to injuries, played in only 43 games. He batted just .259 with 2 home runs in those 43 games.In 2007, <mask> appeared on Baseball America's Top 100 Prospects list, this time ranked at just #67. He was ranked as the Athletics' #2 prospect behind outfielder Travis Buck, who ranked at #50 on the Top 100 Prospects list. <mask> began the 2007 season slowly with the Sacramento River Cats, hitting just .221 in April and .273 in May. He finally got started in June when he hit .454 in 27 games. He was named to the Pacific Coast League Mid-Season All-Star team on July 11. He finished the 2007 minor league season with a .293 batting average and 9 home runs in 137 games. Following the 2007 minor league season, the River Cats advanced to the first round of the playoffs.They played the Salt Lake Bees, the Angels Triple-A affiliate. In the first round, <mask> batted .550 (11–20) with 10 RBIs. He had a power surge with 4 home runs and one of the home runs was a decisive one in Game 5 as it led the River Cats into the second round of the playoffs. He did not join the team for the second round as he had his contract purchased by the Athletics major league club on September 10. Major league career

Oakland Athletics
<mask> made his major league debut on September 10, 2007, against the Seattle Mariners. In his third plate appearance, he had his first major league hit off Ryan Feierabend, a double. He had two hits in his major league debut for Oakland, a feat that was not matched until Nate Freiman did it in 2013.On September 14, <mask> hit his first major league home run. <mask> played in 18 games in 2007. He reached base safely in all 18 games via a hit or a walk. He hit .347 (25–72) with 4 home runs and 8 RBIs. In 2008, <mask> was the Athletics' starting first baseman. He batted just .226 with 9 home runs and 47 RBIs in 140 games. During the All-Star break, <mask> dove into a shallow pool and hit his head on the bottom.He suffered a jammed neck and had to get staples to close a cut on his head. On April 5, 2009, the day before the A's season opener, <mask> was demoted to Triple-A Sacramento. <mask> began the 2010 season as the A's starting first baseman. On April 25, he fractured his finger while tumbling into the Cleveland Indians dugout. He won a Fielding Bible Award for his statistically based defensive excellence during the year  and led his team in runs (79), hits (152), and doubles (33). He also led the AL in walks with 110, and was second in MLB only to Prince Fielder. <mask> was once again selected as the starting first baseman for the Athletics at the beginning of the 2011 season.On June 22, the A's sent <mask> back to Triple-A Sacramento to make room for Mark Ellis. <mask> was hitting .212 with zero home runs at the time. For the season, he batted .212 in 236 at bats. On June 2, 2012, a struggling <mask> was sent back to Triple-A. For the season, he batted .204. On March 29, 2013, the A's designated <mask> for assignment. In May of the 2013 season, <mask> was added back on the 40 man roster when right fielder Josh Reddick was placed on the disabled list after injuring his wrist.Everyday first basemen Brandon Moss was moved over to right field. <mask> took Reddick's spot on the active roster and covered everyday first base duties. <mask> was than designated for assignment again when Reddick returned. He was than outrighted to Triple-A Sacramento. On August 26, <mask> was added to the 40-man roster again for the same reason. On December 20, 2013, <mask> signed a one-year deal with Oakland, avoiding arbitration. The Athletics designated <mask> for assignment on May 15, 2014, when they acquired Kyle Blanks.In October 2014, <mask> elected to become a free agent. Toronto Blue Jays
On December 16, 2014, <mask> signed a minor-league contract with the Toronto Blue Jays that included an invitation to spring training. He was assigned to the minor league spring training camp on March 30, 2015. On July 2, <mask> was released. He batted .219 in 31 minor league games with the Triple-A Buffalo Bisons and Double-A New Hampshire Fisher Cats. Pericos de Puebla
On April 1, 2016, <mask> signed with the Pericos de Puebla of the Mexican Baseball League. On September 14, 2016, <mask> <mask> and the Pericos de Puebla Won the Serie del Rey of the LMB (Mexican Baseball League).<mask> was key to the Pericos winning their first championship
in over 30 years as he led the team with 21 HRs and despite missing 20 games with a broken finger was voted as the starting first baseman on the All-Star team, won the league Gold Glove for
his defense, and added 5 more home runs in the playoffs including the go ahead shot in the 6th inning of the Championship clinching game. Acereros de Monclova
On February 21, 2017, <mask>, along with Chad Gaudin, Manny Rodriguez, Nyjer Morgan, Rodolfo Amador, and Willy Taveras, were traded to the Acereros de Monclova in exchange for RHP Joaquín Lara. <mask> only appeared in 26 games for the Acereros before spending the rest of the season on the reserve list. Return to Puebla
On January 16, 2018, <mask> was traded back to the Pericos de Puebla. He once again excelled with the team, finishing as one of the league leaders in average at .373 during the Spring Tournament of the 2018 season. <mask> left the Pericos on August 6, 2018, halfway through the Fall Tournament, due to personal reasons and to prepare for the 2018-19 Mexican Pacific League season with the Charros de Jalisco. He retired as an active player following the LMP season.Scouting report
<mask> is a patient hitter. In 9 minor league seasons, he had 446 walks as opposed to 382 strikeouts. In 2010, <mask> was one of only two players in MLB to have more walks than strikeouts, the other being Albert Pujols. References

External links

1985 births
Living people
Acereros de Monclova players
American expatriate baseball players in Mexico
Arizona League Athletics players
Azucareros del Este players
American expatriate baseball players in the Dominican Republic
Baseball players from Vermont
Buffalo Bisons (minor league) players
Charros de Jalisco players
Johnson City Cardinals players
Major League Baseball first basemen
Mexican League baseball first basemen
Midland RockHounds players
New Hampshire Fisher Cats players
Oakland Athletics players
People from Springfield, Vermont
Peoria Chiefs players
Pericos de Puebla players
Phoenix Desert Dogs players
Sacramento River Cats players
Stockton Ports players

masks:
Daric William Barton
Barton
Barton
Barton
Barton
Barton
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Barton
Barton
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Daric
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title: V. Balan

texts:
V<mask> (17 October 1942  – 22 January 2002), popularly known as Artist V<mask>, was a sculptor and painter from India. He was born the son of Chellamma and <mask>i in the small temple town of Perumbavoor, Kerala. In 1962 he earned a Diploma from the Cochin School of Art. Immediately after his studies, he started teaching at the same school. In 1970 he moved to Chennai as a freelance artist. At Chennai, he did his first ever Mosaic Art of the Risen Lord for a chapel of Salesian Provincialate. From 1972 onwards, he started designing the interiors of churches throughout India and acquired fame as an artist and architect of Christian places of worship.Ten years later he moved to Bangalore and established his studio, Arte Sacra, near the National Biblical, Catechetical and Liturgical Centre. Introduction to Christian art

For 15 years until 1982 <mask> lived in Madras. His talents were versatile, varying from canvas to mosaic, from metal to wood and from sculpture to architecture. He executed Christian works in different parts of the country from the North – Rishikesh in the Himalayas – to the south and even to Sri Lanka. In Sri Lanka, he renovated the interior of St. Mary's Church at Negombo. He was the chief designer of the interior and the façade of the Stella Maris Cathedral in Port Blair, Andaman Islands. He later did more than 300 works related to churches and religious institutions during his tenure in Madras.The artist on the move
In 1983 <mask> moved from Madras to Kothanur, a peaceful village in the suburbs of Bangalore, where he built his studio, Tapovan. Many disciples attended the training centre, which was set up along with the studio for young artists in simple Gurukula style – Kalakshetra. Multifaceted talent

<mask> was very passionate in painting right through his career. Though <mask> is often identified with his characteristic mosaic art, his sculptures reveal his profound artistic talent more than any other medium. "The queen of the apostles" is a unique presentation of the theme at the Shrine of St. Vincent Pallotti, Bangalore. The visualization of "The song of creation" of Francis of Assisi is a relief sculpture with copper finish. The gigantic relief sculpture measuring 125×42 in the Sanctuary of the St. Vincent Pallotti's Shrine, Banasawadi, Bangalore depicts salvation history from creation to the resurrection as a background to the 45' high resurrection figure and the Christian Community gathered in worship.The sculptor in Balan is clearly seen in the peculiar forms and shapes of altars and tabernacles he has given shape in wood, stone and metal in different churches. <mask> also works in the medium of metal. The peculiar metallic figures and images cast in his studio are a manifestation of his multifaceted talent. Traditional stained glass was another favorite medium of <mask>. The architectural talent in Balan was a natural extension of the artist in him. His clear and detailed drawings for churches are proof of that architectural mettle and precision. He designed and executed many churches in India and abroad.The silent man
Balan kept away from the limelight and media. He never put a signature on his paintings, mosaics or murals. He was little known as a person and loved his anonymity. He never satisfied with any of his works and always thought it could have been done better. List of works

 Saint Mary's Co-Cathedral – George Town, Madras City
 Saint Mary's School – Madras City
 Don Bosco Shrine – Madras City
 Don Bosco School – Perambur, Madras City
 Don Bosco School Chapel – Egmore, Madras City
 Diocesan Pastoral Centre – Mylapore, Madras City
 Kings Fort Convent – Salesian Sisters – Kilpauk, Madras
 Saint Anne's Generalate Chapel – Madhavaram
 Saint Anne's Novitiate – Madras City
 Saint Anne's Chapel – Madras City
 Saint Anne's Mother House – Madras City
 Pope John's Garden Chapel – Madras
 Beatitudes Prayer Room – Madras City
 Salesian Institute of Graphic Arts – Madras City
 Parish Church – Meenambakkam
 Franciscan Sisters' Chapel – Poonamalee, Madras
 St. Joseph's Technical Institute Basin Bridge – Madras
 Don Bosco Youth Centre Basin Bridge – Madras
 Our Lady's Church – Madras
 Lakshmi Theatre – Pallavaram, Madras
 Jyothi Theatre St. Thomas Mount – Madras
 Hotel Palm Grouve – Madras
 Hotel Gokulam – Madras City
 Central Health Centre – Madras
 Franciscan Friary
 Salesian Provincial House. Madras
 Parish Church, Porur
 Bon Succour Convent Chapel. Mylapore
 Bon Succour Convent Chapel, Pallavaram
 Fatima Church.Madras
 Sacred Heart Seminary, Poonamalley
 Golden Jubilee Facade Madras
 Sacred Heart Seminary Chapel, Madras
 St. Isabella Hospital Chapel, Mylapore
 Stella Matutina College, Ashok Nagar, Madras
 Parish Church, Mahalakshmi Nagar, Madras
 St. Joseph's Church, Chengalpet – Tamil Nadu
 Leena Theatre, Chidambaram – Tamil Nadu
 Sahayamatha Hospital – Trichy
 Rosarian Ashram, Manapara, Trichy
 Sacred Heart Brothers Chapel, Trichy
 St. Joseph's Church – Jnanolipuram, Madurai
 Parish Church, Red Hill
 Don Bosco, K. Pudur, Madurai
 Don Bosco School Chapel – Varandarajanpet, Tamil Nadu
 Salesian Aspirantate – Tanjore, Tamil Nadu
 R.C. Church, Tiruvannamalai
 Don Bosco Church – Gandhi Nagar, Vellore
 Hotel Ranga – Vellore, Tamil Nadu
 St. Joseph Katpadi – Tamil Nadu
 Snehadeepam, Vellore,
 Parish Church, Madurapakkam, Tamil Nadu
 Don Bosco, Chengalpattu (Chingleput), Tamil Nadu
 Our Lady of Good Voyage, Cheyur, Tamil Nadu
 Don Bosco, Chingalpet, Tamil Nadu
 Parish Church, Adilakshmi Nagar, Tamil Nadu
 S.H. St. Peter's Cathedral – Gnanapuram
 Infant Jesus Church – Seefham Dhara. Vaisakh
 Carmelites Cloistered, Dakshinagiri
 Nalgonda Cathedral – Andhra Pradesh
 St. Teresa's Convent Chapel – Hyderabad
 Salesian Provincialate – Hyderabad
 Don Bosco School Chapel – Hyderabad
 St. Anne's Chapel – Hyderabad'
 Parish Church – Secunderabad
 St Anne's of Loressame – Regional House, Vijayawada
 Don Bosco – Vijayawada
 Pallottine House Chapel – Vijayawada
 Assumption Church – Vijayawada
 Don Bosco Provincial House – Mangalagiri
 St. Michael Orphanage Chapel – Cumur
 Don Bosco, – Warangal
 Salesian Sisters Chapel, Gumlur
 Jmj Provincialate – Gumlur
 St. Antony's Church – Gumlur
 St. Joseph's College – Gumlur
 Jmj College Chapel – Ternali
 St. Anne's Generalate – Gumlur
 St. Anne's School – Gumlur
 St. Anne's Convent – Gumlur
 Parish Church – Narasimharaopel
 St Charles' Sisters – A.P
 Don Bosco House – Ponnur. A.P. The Bishop House – A.P. Salesian College – Karunapuram, Warangal
 Don Bosco Youth Centre Chapel – Pune, Maharashtra
 Don Bosco Aspirantate Chapel – Lonavla, Maharashtra
 Dominic Savio's Chapel – andheri, Bombay
 Saint Joseph's Chapel – Kurla, Bombay
 Don Bosco – Nasik, Novitate
 The Risen Lord Chapel, Salesian Novitiate – Nasik, Maharashtra
 Palloiti Bhavan, Regional Superior House Chapel – Nagpur
 Bharathmata Ashram – Kurukshetra, Haryana
 Don Bosco – Pune
 Tabor Ashram – Kalyan, Maharashtra
 Pallotti Bhavan Seminary Hills – Nagpur
 Cmi House – Pune
 Kohima Cathedral, Nagaland
 Pune Cathedral, Pune
 Csst Generalate, Bangalore
 St. Anne's Provincial House, Bangalore
 Capuchin Provincial House, Bangalore
 Jmj Provincial House, Bangalore
 Dharmaram College – Bangalore.Karnataka
 Don Bosco Salesian Provincial House Bangalore
 St. Anne's Novitiate – Krishnarajapuram, Bangalore
 Salesian Sisters Novitiate – Avalahalli, Bangalore
 Saint Joseph The Leon's Novitiate, Bangalore
 Saint Joseph's Cathedral – Chikmagalur, Karnataka
 Saint Antony's Cathedral – Bellary, Karnataka
 Suvidya College Msfs, bangalore
 St. Francis De Sules Church, Bangalore
 St. John Medical College, Bangalore
 Adoration Sisters of Holy Spirit, Carmelaram
 A V P Carmelaram
 Carmel Theological Centre, Carmelaram
 Christ King School, Bangalore
 St. Casper Bhavan, Dharmaram, Bangalore
 Dharmaram Faculty of Theology, Bangalore
 Yuvaprajothiny, Bangalore
 Holy Cross Fathers Novitiate, Bangalore
 Pavithratma, Study Centre, Holy Spirit Sisters, Bangalore
 Pious Disciples of Divine Mater, St. Mark Rd. Bangalore
 Viswadeep, Catechetical Centre, Bangalore
 Salesian Sisters Novitiate, Bangalore
 Christu Jyothi, Bangalore
 Batram Fathers, Bangalore
 Teresian Carmelites Ctc, Bangalore
 Prima Mandira Canossian Sisters Provincialate, Bangalore
 Capuchin Provincialate, Rajajl Nagar
 White Missionaries, Vimalalaya, Bangalore
 Vimalahridaya, Bhairalhi, Bangalore
 St. Norbert Bhavan, Bangalore'
 St. Vincent Pallotti Shrine, Bangalore
 Sacred Heart Brothers, Bangalore
 Icm Sisters. Bangalore
 St. Mary's School, Frosu Town
 JMG Oldage Home, Bangalore
 Sannidhi, MSFS Novitiate, Mysore
 Angaly Ashram, Chamundi Hill, Mysore
 Don Bosco, Sreeramapuram, Mysore
 Old Priest House, gonikoppa, Koorg
 Dominican Sisters Novitiate, Pakshikari, Mangalore
 Dominican Fathers Chapel, Mangalore
 Shrine of Infant Jesus, Mangalore
 Capuchin Provincialate. Kochi
 Punalur Cathedral, Kerala
 Don Bosco Bhavan Chapel – Trichur, Kerala
 Shrine of Mary Help of Christians, Don Bosco School – Irinjalakuda, Kerala
 Christ College Church – Irinjalakuda
 St. George Church – Kalady, Kerala
 Presentation Convent Chapel – Perinthalmanna, Malabar, Kerala
 Menaka Theatre – Ernakulam, Kerala
 Sree Padmanabha Theatre – Trivandrum, Kerala
 Sree Kumar Theatre – Trivandrum, Kerala
 Don Bosco Aspirate, Mannuthy
 Mount Don Bosco, Padivayal, Wayanad
 Grace and Compassion Sisters, Makiyad
 Benedictine Fathers, Makiyad, Wayanad
 Carmelite Spirituality Centre, Peravoor, Calicut
 Diocesan Pastoral Centre, Mananthavady, Kerala
 Don Bosco School Irinjalakuda
 Parish Church Karukuty
 Nazareth Sisters Motherhouse Karukutty
 Parish Church, Kalady
 Don Bosco, Keezhmad, Alwaye
 St. Joseph Parish, Alwaye
 Marello House, Alwaye
 Sacred Heart Fathers, Alwaye
 Ashir Bhavan, Archdiocesan Pastoral Centre, Ernakulam
 Sacred Heart Sisters, Varapuzha
 Lourd Hospital, Cochin
 Our Lady of Perpetual Help Parish Church, Vypeen
 Orthodox St. George Church. Puthuppally, Kotayam
 Old Priest Home, Kollam
 St. Stephen's Church, Thoppe, Kollam
 Novitiate Chapel of Novitiate House, Oblates of St. Joseph, Kulathurpuzha
 Viswa Jyothi – Gurukul Chapel – Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh
 Matredham Ashram – Varanasi
 St. Joseph Gurukul Major Seminary Chapel – Varanasi
 Ims Generalate Chapel – Varanasi
 Infant Jesus Church – Mughal Sarai, U.P. Ims Novitiate – Sardhana, Up
 Vidhya Bhavan, Chapel – Kalyani, Calcutta
 Don Bosco Catechetical Centre, Calcutta
 Don Bosco, Calcutta
 Good Shepherd Seminary Chapel – Dimapur, Nagaland
 Don Bosco School Chapel – Tamenglong, Manipur
 Don Bosco School Chapel – Delhi
 Don Bosco, Baroda – Gujarat
 Baroda Cathedral – Baroda
 Rajkot Cathedral – Gujarat
 Casa Pallotti, Panaji, Goa
 Franciscan Missionary Sisters, Goa
 Stella Maris Cathedral, Port Blair, andamans
 Don Bosco, Colombo, Sri Lanka
 Parish Church, Apia, Western Samoa
 Parish Church, Pago Pago, American Samoa
 Bharath Matha Ashram, Kurukshetra – Haryana
 Redemptorist Church, Ambala, Haryana

References
 Divine Designs, Article appeared on The Week, Date : 26 January 1992
 ക്രൈസ്തവ ശില്പ്പ കലയുടെ പ്രവാചകൻ / 1999 August 8 / Deepika Daily

External links
 http://artistvbalan.org

1942 births
2002 deaths
Painters from Kerala
Indian male sculptors
20th-century Indian sculptors
20th-century Indian painters
People from Ernakulam district
Indian male painters

masks:
. Balan
. Balan
Venketachelam Pilla
Balan
Balan
Balan
Balan
Balan
Balan


title: Shawn Nelson (criminal)

texts:
<mask> (August 21, 1959 – May 17, 1995) was a U.S. Army veteran who stole an M60A3 Patton tank from a California Army National Guard armory in San Diego, California, and went on a rampage on May 17, 1995. He destroyed numerous cars, fire hydrants and an RV before being shot and killed by a San Diego police officer, Rick Piner. Background
<mask> was born in Birdseye, Utah, on August 21, 1959, the second of three sons. He grew up in the Clairemont neighborhood of San Diego, California, and graduated from Madison High School prior to his enlistment in the United States Army, where he served for two years until his honorable discharge in 1980. After his discharge, he returned to San Diego and worked as a plumber. <mask>'s mother died in 1988 and his father died in 1992. In between, his wife of six years filed for divorce in 1990.That same year, he was hospitalized at Sharp Memorial Hospital for neck and back injuries sustained in a motorcycle accident. <mask> later sued the hospital for $1.6 million, citing negligence, assault, battery and false imprisonment. A superior court judge dismissed the case and the hospital counter-sued for $6,640 in medical fees and legal expenses. <mask> claimed he was forced to be treated without his consent. <mask>'s brother, Scott, said that he became addicted to methamphetamine in the few years prior to the tank incident. His neighbors complained to authorities of him yelling at his roommate at night. <mask> then began to exhibit unusual behavior.On one occasion, he dug a hole  deep in his backyard in an attempt to mine for gold. One of his friends, Carson Honings, referred to the mine shaft as <mask>'s "new hobby". In April, he filed two damage claims against the cityfor police negligence and false arrest  totaling $2 million. <mask>'s neck and back problems, combined with the theft of plumbing equipment from his truck in June 1994, effectively halted his business. With no income, his utilities were cut off and his house went into foreclosure. In April 1995, <mask>'s live-in girlfriend moved out of their shared home. Tank rampage
According to San Diego police, in the week before his tank rampage, <mask> told a friend that he was thinking of committing suicide.The following weekend, he told a friend that "Oklahoma was good stuff", in apparent reference to the Oklahoma City bombing which happened about a month before. Whether <mask> condoned the attack or simply meant that he enjoyed the drama was not clear. Police did not believe <mask> had any connection with the bombing or with a terrorist group. Around 6:30 p.m. on Wednesday, May 17, 1995, <mask> drove his Chevrolet van to the California Army National Guard Armory on Mesa College Boulevard in the Kearny Mesa neighborhood of San Diego. Employees at the armory were working late  and the gate to the vehicle yard, which was completely deserted, was left open. The tanks at the armory started with a push button and did not require an ignition key. The first two tanks <mask> broke into would not start.As he lowered himself into the third tank, a 57-ton M60A3 Patton, he was finally noticed by a guardsman, who approached the tank. <mask> started the vehicle and with little chance of stopping him, the guardsman rushed to a phone to call police. Since ammunition was kept in another building, none of the vehicle's weapons could be loaded or used by <mask>. <mask> led police on a 23-minute, televised chase through the streets of Clairemont. The various agencies involved in the chase included the San Diego police, the San Diego County Sheriff's Department, the California Highway Patrol and due to the tank being stolen from the armory, possibly military police as well. The tank had a top speed of , making the chase slow compared to police chases involving automobiles. The 57-ton tank easily plowed through road signs, traffic lights, utility poles and fire hydrants, crushing about 40 parked vehicles, including an RV.The damage to utility poles knocked out power to around 5,100 San Diego Gas & Electric customers in the Linda Vista neighborhood. From the armory, <mask> traveled along neighborhood streets, eventually turning north on Convoy Street, west onto Balboa Avenue (then signed as State Route 274) and entered Interstate 805 heading south. While on I-805, he attempted to knock down a pedestrian bridge by running into the columns, possibly with the intent of blockading pursuing police cars but failed after a few hits and decided to continue down the freeway. <mask> then drove the tank onto the State Route 163 freeway heading southbound, resulting in the freeway being closed and thousands of motorists being stuck. At least one news article speculated that he may have been headed to Sharp Memorial Hospital, which he had unsuccessfully sued in 1990 and partially blamed for his mother's death. After <mask> attempted to cross into the northbound lanes of State Route 163, the tank became caught on the concrete median barrier and lost one track. After the tank was immobilized, four policemen climbed onto it.San Diego Police officer Paul Paxton, a gunnery sergeant at the time with the Marine Corps Reserve, opened a hatch using bolt cutters. They ordered <mask> to surrender but he said nothing and began rocking the tank back and forth in an attempt to free it from the median. Paxton's partner, Officer Richard Piner, leaned in and shot <mask>. The bullet entered through <mask>'s neck. <mask> later died at Sharp Memorial Hospital. Despite widespread property destruction, he was the only fatality reported during the rampage. The state of California paid $149,201 ($267,272 in 2021 terms) to cover property damage along <mask>'s route.Police action
Police Captain Tom Hall justified the lethal force used against <mask> because if he had managed to free the tank, he "could have taken out no less than 35 vehicles that were passing at that moment". Police decided that if non-lethal action such as tear gas were used, this might have stopped <mask> but not the tank and officers would not be able to enter the tank if it were still mobile with tear gas present. According to live news coverage at the time, officials were seriously considering asking for help from the Marine Corps at Camp Pendleton in the form of a Bell AH-1 Cobra attack helicopter, since the police force lacked the ability to disable a tank. <mask>'s brother, Scott, stated that police were justified in the shooting. Armory security
Officials at the armory where <mask> stole the tank were criticized for what appeared to be a huge lapse in security, especially after the attack in Oklahoma City the previous month. In addition to the open, unguarded gate to the vehicle lot, the fence surrounding the lot had damaged barbed wire in some places. Residents near the armory said that even if the gate had been locked, <mask> could have simply climbed the fence in sections where the barbed wire was damaged.Armory officials said that the vehicles were kept far away from fences to make them difficult to reach, that only someone with the proper knowledge could operate and start a tank, and that there was no way to foresee such an event taking place. After <mask>'s theft of the tank, security was improved at the Kearny Mesa armory. In popular culture
The E! Channel documentary, 'Going Postal: The 15 Most Shocking Acts Of Violence' features <mask>'s rampage as the 7th most shocking act of violence. Cul de Sac: A Suburban War Story, a documentary film, is based on the incident. The tank rampage also appears in TV shows such as the World's Most Amazing Videos and Destroyed in Seconds. The rampage is parodied by The Simpsons in the season 11 episode "Brother's Little Helper".The rampage is featured in the music video for the song "The Right to Go Insane" by the American heavy metal band Megadeth. Mojo Nixon wrote a song called "Tankman Blues" about the incident that was released on his 1999 The Real Sock Ray Blue! album. See also

Marvin Heemeyer, a business owner who went on a very similar rampage with an armored bulldozer in 2004
2008 Jerusalem bulldozer attack
2010 Manila bus hostage crisis
The 1995 movie GoldenEye features a famous tank chase through St. Petersburg; the filming of the scene had coincidentally also taken place in 1995, several months before the <mask> rampage. Tank, 1984 action comedy film

References

American male criminals
American plumbers
Deaths by firearm in California
Filmed killings by law enforcement
People from San Diego
People shot dead by law enforcement officers in the United States
United States Army soldiers
1959 births
1995 deaths
20th-century American criminals
Vehicular rampage in the United States

masks:
Shawn Timothy Nelson
Shawn Nelson
Nelson
Nelson
Nelson
Nelson
Nelson
Nelson
Nelson
Nelson
Nelson
Nelson
Nelson
Nelson
Nelson
Nelson
Nelson
Nelson
Nelson
Nelson
Nelson
Nelson
Nelson
Nelson
Nelson
Nelson
Nelson
Nelson
Nelson
Nelson
Nelson
Nelson
Nelson
Nelson


title: Ralph P. Cousins

texts:
<mask> (1 December 1891 – 15 March 1964) was a senior officer in the United States Army. Born in Mexia, Texas, he graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1915. He served in the Cavalry before transferring to the United States Army Air Corps. He served in a variety of command positions in the newly created air service of the United States Army and was instrumental in designing the model for what would become the commercial aviation system. His highest grade was a major general. Schools under his command trained many of the aircrews who served in all theaters of World War II. After retiring from the army, he became a businessman.<mask> died in 1964 and he was memorialized as an air pioneer who helped bring American air power from it beginnings to its power in World War II. Early life and education
<mask> was born on 1 December 1891, in Mexia, Texas, to Robert Bartow and Dora M. (Kelly) <mask>. On 14 June 1911, he began his studies at the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York. He graduated on 12 June 1915, as a member of the class the stars fell on; his rank in the class was 129 of 164 and his Cullum number is 5441. Career

Pre-war
<mask> was commissioned as a second lieutenant of Cavalry on 12 June 1915. He was assigned to the 12th Cavalry in Brownsville, Texas, in September 1915 and performed border patrol activities, including actions against Mexican bandits, until February 1916, when he was transferred to the 6th Cavalry. <mask> participated in the Punitive Expedition into Mexico.He was promoted to the first lieutenant of Cavalry on 1 July 1916 and was transferred to the Big Bend District, Texas later that month. In August 1916, <mask> was assigned to the Signal Corps Aviation School in San Diego, California. He graduated in May 1917 and was assigned to the 1st Aero Squadron as a pilot. From 16 May to 12 September 1917, he organized the School of Military Aeronautics in Austin, Texas, and became its commandant. While assigned to the school, he was promoted to captain on 25 July 1917. From 12 September to 8 December 1917, he was assigned to the Office of the Chief Signal Officer, Washington, D.C. <mask> was then assigned as the aviation representative at the Army War College until 1 February 1918. World War I
<mask> was assigned to the American Expeditionary Force in France as a liaison officer to French and British aviation units, including the British Bristol Fighting Squadron.He performed duties at the front. He returned to the United States on approximately 21 May 1918 and was assigned as a member of the Air Service Control Board in the Office of the Director of Military Aeronautics in Washington, D.C. until 25 September 1918. On 30 June 1918, he received a temporary promotion to major of Cavalry. He was assigned as commander of Roosevelt Field, Group B, 1st Provisional Wing until 4 January 1919. Inter-war years
<mask> was assigned as the commanding officer of Payne Field, West Point, Mississippi from 4 January 1919 to 1 June 1919 and as the commanding officer of the 1st Bombardment Group at Kelly Field, Texas from 15 June 1919 until September 1920. During this period, he was returned to the rank of captain of Cavalry on 27 February 1920, transferred to the Air Service on 1 July 1920 and received a temporary promotion to major of the Air Service on 18 July 1920. <mask> was a member of the advisory board, Chief Air Service in Washington, D.C., from September 1920 to August 1921.From August 1921 to June 1922, <mask> was assigned as a student officer at Yale University, where he was graduated with a Master of Science degree. Following his graduation, he was assigned as a student officer at General Electric Company, Schenectady, New York from June 1922 through January 1923. While at Schenectady he was returned to the rank of captain of the Air Service on 4 November 1922. During 1923, he supervised Air Corps communications and the installation of radios for the Air Corps Model Airway, which operated between four United States cities; this model was the core of what became the commercial aviation system. He served as a commanding officer at Chanute Field, Illinois from November 1923 to September 1924. He returned to Washington, D.C. for duty in the Office of the Chief of the Air Corps from January 1925 through May 1928. During this time he was promoted again to major of the Air Service on 21 June 1925.<mask> was assigned to foreign service as a commanding officer at Clark Field, Philippine Islands, from June 1928 through June 1930. After returning from overseas, <mask> was assigned as a student officer at the Air Corps Tactical School at Langley Field, Virginia, until 1931; he was rated as an Airplane Observer in September 1939. He attended the Army Command and General Staff School at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, graduating on 22 May 1933; while a student he wrote "Tannenberg: a failure to command," a paper analyzing the failure of the command of the Russian Second Army before and during the battle of Tannenberg. After graduating from the Command and General Staff School, <mask> returned to Washington, D.C. for duty in charge of National Guard aviation units with the National Guard Bureau until late in 1936; during this assignment, he received a temporary promotion to lieutenant colonel in the Air Corps on 16 June 1936 and a permanent promotion to that rank on 22 December. In 1937, he attended and graduated from the Army War College. He moved to an assignment with the Assistant Chief of Staff, G1 at General Headquarters Air Force, Langley Field, Virginia, where he performed a variety of staff duties until 18 January 1942; on 1 April 1939, <mask> was rated as both a command pilot and combat observer. <mask> was promoted to colonel in the Army of the United States on 26 June 1941 and to brigadier general on 10 July 1941.World War II
On 7 December 1941 (Pearl Harbor Day), Army Air Force Western Flying Training Command was operating six army flying schools and nine civilian contract flying schools. <mask> assumed command on 1 February 1942. At the end of the first full year of the war, <mask>' command included twenty-two army schools and twenty-one civilian contract schools in a multi-state operation from his headquarters in Santa Ana, California. <mask> was promoted to major general in the Army of the United States on 16 February 1942. He was permanently promoted to colonel in the Air Corps on 21 April 1944. During 1944, <mask> visited Mather Field for an inspection. He observed that African-American officers were dining in the same mess as white Americans.He ordered that the mess facilities be segregated. African American officers stopped using the mess entirely. <mask> commanded the unit until 15 August 1945. <mask> retired from the army with a disability on 31 March 1946. Later life and death
<mask> married Diana Wilson Fitzmaurice in 1945. He helped organize the Founders' Insurance Company in Los Angeles; he served as its vice president and its secretary, and as a member of the board of directors until the company was sold in 1950. <mask> was appointed to the Los Angeles Board of Airport Commissioners in 1950.In 1955, he predicted that large gains in passenger traffic and freight shipments at Los Angeles International Airport would lead to "utter chaos" by 1960 unless improvements were made. In October 1956, <mask>, who had become president of the board of commissioners, announced that the design of the new airport had been approved by the board following a $159 million bond issue. In January 1950, <mask> was serving as chairman of the Southern California United Service Organizations. On 15 March 1964, <mask> was stricken while on his ranch near Indio, California. He was transported to Casitas Hospital in Indio where he died later that day. Funeral services for <mask> were conducted at All Saints Episcopal Church, Beverly Hills, California and he was buried with full military honors, including a flyover, at Forest Lawn Memorial Park, Los Angeles. He was memorialized by the West Point Association of Graduates as an air pioneer who helped bring American air power from it beginnings to its power in World War II

Awards

Each of the nine grades of the Order of the Cloud and Banner features a unique ribbon

References

1891 births
United States Military Academy alumni
United States Army personnel of World War I
Yale University alumni
United States Army Command and General Staff College alumni
United States Army War College alumni
United States Army personnel of World War II
United States Army generals
Recipients of the Distinguished Service Medal (US Army)
United States Air Force generals
American business executives
Los Angeles International Airport
1964 deaths
People from Indio, California
People from Mexia, Texas
Graduates of the United States Military Academy Class of 1915
Military personnel from California
Military personnel from Texas

masks:
Ralph Pittman Cousins
Cousins
Cousins
Cousins
Cousins
Cousins
Cousins
Cousins
Cousins
Cousins
Cousins
Cousins
Cousins
Cousins
Cousins
Cousins
Cousins
Cousins
Cousins
Cousins
Cousins
Cousins
Cousins
Cousins
Cousins
Cousins
Cousins
Cousins
Cousins


title: Jocelyn Barrow

texts:
Dame <mask>  (15 April 1929 – 9 April 2020) was a British educator, community activist and politician, who was the Director for UK Development at Focus Consultancy Ltd. She was the first black woman to be a governor of the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) and was founder and Deputy Chair of the Broadcasting Standards Council. Early life and career
<mask>, daughter of Barbadian father <mask> and Olive Irene (nee Pierre), was born in Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago (her mother's native land), where she was active politically as a member of the People's National Movement. She undertook training to become a teacher, and in 1959 travelled to Britain for postgraduate studies, attending the University of London, where she read English. <mask> was a founding member, general secretary and later vice-chair of Campaign Against Racial Discrimination (CARD) – the organisation that between 1964 and 1967 lobbied for race relations legislation and was responsible for the Race Relations Act of 1968. <mask> said in a 2019 interview: "Card was a very effective organisation though it wasn’t as grassroots as I would have liked it to have been. It was led by people like me, Lord [David] Pitt and Anthony Lester, a QC. The people at the bottom were too busy trying to survive though some did join."<mask> was also a leading member of the North London West Indian Association (NLWIA), set up in 1965 as a major component of the West Indian Standing Conference, which had been founded in 1958 after the Notting Hill riots to speak out on behalf of West Indians; among other activities, the NWLIA responded to prejudice against black children in the state education system, which was exposed in a leaked report. In 1968 she was appointed vice-chair of the International Human Rights Year Committee, and from 1968 to 1972 was a member of the Community Relations Commission. <mask> also held the post of vice-president of the National Union of Townswomen's Guilds. As a senior teacher, and later as a teacher-trainer, at Furzedown Teachers College and at the Institute of Education in the 1960s, she pioneered the introduction of multi-cultural education, stressing the needs of the various ethnic groups in the UK. She was a member of the Taylor Committee of School Governors. In 1984 she co-founded Arawidi Publications, a children's publishing house, with Yvonne Collymore. Named after a Caribbean sun-deity, Arawidi published children's books in a variety of language forms including West Indian dialects and Glaswegian.Between 1981 and 1988 <mask> served as a governor of the BBC, the first black woman to have been appointed to the board of the corporation, which in 2001 was controversially described by its then director-general Greg Dyke as still "hideously white". <mask> was also founder and deputy chair (1989–95) of the Broadcasting Standards Council, forerunner of Ofcom. She was chair of the 2005 Mayor's Commission on African and Asian Heritage (MCAAH), set up by then Mayor of London Ken Livingstone, that produced the report Delivering Shared Heritage, about which she said: "Our findings and resulting recommendations, far from being of interest only to African and Asian communities, set out a code of values for delivering inclusive and healthy heritage management practice for everyone." She was instrumental in the establishment of the North Atlantic Slavery Gallery and the Merseyside Maritime Museum in Liverpool. She was a Trustee of the National Museums and Galleries on Merseyside and a Governor of the British Film Institute, as well as the first patron of the Black Cultural Archives. Acknowledging the key influence she had in the founding of BCA, their tribute to her stated: "Also known as the African People's Historical Monument Foundation, Dame <mask> recognised the need for a national monument like BCA to educate future generations." Personal life
<mask> was married in 1970 to barrister Henderson (Hendy) Downer of Lincoln's Inn and the Jamaican Bar, and they lived in Long Yard, Lamb's Conduit Street.She died aged 90 on 9 April 2020, having been admitted to University College Hospital. Honours
In 1972, she was awarded the OBE for work in the field of education and community relations. In 1992, her work in broadcasting and her contribution to the work of the European Union as the UK member of the Economic and Social Committee was recognised by her being appointed DBE, the first black woman thus to be honoured as a "Dame". She was voted one of the "100 Great Black Britons" in the campaign launched by Every Generation Media in 2003, and in the 2020 relaunched list and accompanying book. She received honorary doctorates from the University of Greenwich in 1993 and from the University of York in 2007. Other affiliations
 Governor of the Commonwealth Institute (for eight years)
 Council Member of Goldsmiths, University of London
 Vice-president of the United Nations Association in the UK
 National vice-president of the Townswomen's Guild
 Patron of the Black Cultural Archives

References

External links
 <mask>'s biodata
 Notice of <mask>'s damehood in London Gazette
 Interview in 2018 with Patrick Vernon
 "Dame <mask> <mask>" by Sal Idriss, National Portrait Gallery, London
 "<mask> Barrow", Drawn Out Thinking, 24 October 2017. Debbie Jacob, "Tributes pour in for champion of equality", Trinidad and Tobago Newsday, 13 April 2020."BTWSC 2015 Dame <mask> Appreciation Presentation". Kwaku, "Dame <mask>: More Needs To Be Done On Her Lifetime Work On Racial And Multi-Cultural Awareness", Black History 365, 17 April 2020. 1929 births
Black British women politicians
Schoolteachers from London
British ethnologists
Dames Commander of the Order of the British Empire
Place of birth missing
Trinidad and Tobago emigrants to the United Kingdom
2020 deaths
British educators
British community activists
Trinidad and Tobago people of Barbadian descent
British people of Barbadian descent
Alumni of the University of London
BBC Board members
Black British schoolteachers

masks:
Jocelyn Anita Barrow
Jocelyn Barrow
Charles Newton Barrow
Barrow
Barrow
Barrow
Barrow
Barrow
Barrow
Jocelyn
Jocelyn Barrow
Jocelyn Barrow
Barrow
Jocelyn Anita
Barrow
Jocelyn
Jocelyn
Jocelyn Barrow


title: K. Narayanan

texts:
K<mask> is an Indian film director, editor, and art director who has worked predominantly in Malayalam cinema. Since his debut in 1953, he has edited more than 200 films across Malayalam and Tamil. Early life
He was born in Thikkat house at Nandipuram near Trichur in 1933. <mask> and <mask>ma are his parents. As his father was in Indian Railways his childhood was in Madras. He stopped his studies at the 8th standard. Sarojini is his wife.Film career
<mask> started his film career by assisting Sankar in 1947. His first independent project was Sadarame, a Kannada film. His first film in Malaylam was Ashadeepam (1953). He is a four time recipient of the Kerala State Film Award for Best Editor.

masks:
. Narayanan
Kannan Nair
Kalyaniyam
Narayanan