title: Cecil Clementi

texts:
<mask>  (; 1 September 1875 – 5 April 1947) was a British colonial administrator who served as Governor of Hong Kong from 1925 to 1930, and Governor and Commander-in-Chief of the Straits Settlements from 1930 to 1934. Early life and education
Born in Cawnpore (presently Kanpur), India, Clementi was the son of Colonel <mask>, Judge Advocate General in India, and his wife, Isabel Collard. He attended St Paul's School and Magdalen College, Oxford, where he studied Sanskrit and the classics. In 1896, he achieved a first-class result in mods, and was awarded a Boden Scholarship in Sanskrit in 1897. He was given honorable mentions for the Hertford (1895), Ireland (1896) and Craven (1896) scholarships. Clementi was proxime accessit (runner-up) for the Gaisford Greek Prose prize in 1897, and obtained his B.A. (2nd class lit.hum., i.e. classics) in 1898. Clementi was also proxime accessit for the Chancellor's Latin Essay prize in 1899, and obtained his M.A. in 1901. Early colonial service
In 1899, Clementi placed fourth in the competitive examinations for the civil service, which allowed him his choice of postings. His choice was Hong Kong, and upon his arrival he was sent up to Canton, where he was a land officer until forced to return to Hong Kong by the events of the Boxer Rebellion. Clementi's facility with languages was demonstrated when he passed the Cantonese examination in 1900, and the Pekingese examination six years later, in 1906.After serving as an Assistant Registrar General in 1901, Clementi joined as a member of the Board of Examiners in Chinese, in 1902. In 1902, <mask> was seconded for special service under government of India and was created J.P. in that same year. A year later, he was seconded for famine relief work in Kwangsi (Guangxi). A year afterwards, Clementi was appointed Member of Land Court, Assistant Land Officer and Police Magistrate at New Territories, Hong Kong, a position he served in until 1906. Due to his outstanding performance in the services, Clementi was promoted to Assistant Colonial Secretary and Clerk of Council, in 1907. While he was in that position, Clementi represented the Hong Kong government in the International Opium Conference at Shanghai, in 1909. A year later, he became the Private Secretary to the Administrator at that time, Sir Francis Henry May.<mask> eventually became Acting Colonial Secretary and Member of both the Executive and Legislative Councils of Hong Kong. He would remain there until 1912. Clementi played a part in the founding of the University of Hong Kong. Indeed, he wrote the words, in Latin, of the University Anthem, first performed 11 March 1912. In 1913, <mask> was appointed Colonial Secretary of British Guiana, a post he held until 1922. From there he was named the Colonial Secretary of Ceylon, where he served until 1925. Each position imparted considerable responsibility, and on more than one occasion he was in charge of administering the entire government of his area of responsibility.Whilst in Ceylon he served as President of the Ceylon Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society in 1924. Governor of Hong Kong
In 1925, <mask> was appointed as Governor of Hong Kong, a position to which his fluency in Cantonese suited him well and in which he served until 1930. During his tenure, the Canton–Hong Kong strike, which crippled the Hong Kong economy, was resolved and Kai Tak Airport entered operation (it would operate until Hong Kong International Airport opened and took over as the main airport in 1998). He also notably ended the practice of Mui Tsai, the traditional Chinese "female maid servitude" system which often resulted in the abuse of young servant girls. He also appointed Shouson Chow, a prominent Chinese merchant, as the first unofficial member of the Executive Council. At the same time, he increased the numbers of official and non-official ("Unofficial") members in the Legislative Council from eight to ten (including the Governor) and from six to eight, respectively. He invited one Chinese and one Portuguese (Jose Pedro Braga) to be Unofficials.<mask> was an opponent of Kuomintang's 1926 Northern Expedition against northern Chinese warlords and advocated British arms support to Peking, a move rejected by London. To counter the growing radicalization of the Chinese intelligentsia against colonialism and imperialism after the May Fourth Movement, he proposed a revised school curriculum in Chinese language that stressed loyalty and traditional Chinese values. He advocated for the training of more teachers in the Chinese language and the establishment of a Chinese Department at the University of Hong Kong. Governorship of the Straits Settlements

After his tenure as Governor of Hong Kong ended, Clementi went on to serve his last post in the Colonial Services as Governor and Commander-in-Chief of the Straits Settlements, which included Singapore, and High Commissioner for the Malay States, from 5 February 1930 to 17 February 1934. He handed over to Sir Andrew Caldecott, who become acting Governor, and left for England due to his illness. The position of Governor was later filled by Sir Shenton Thomas on 9 November 1934. Six years later, in 1940, Clementi became the Master of the Mercers' Company.Personal life
Clementi was the nephew of the Rt. Hon. Sir <mask> Smith (1860–1916), Governor of the Straits Settlements and High Commissioner in the period 1887 to 1893. He was also the great-grandson of the Italian-born musician Muzio <mask>. Clementi married Marie Penelope Rose Eyres, daughter of Admiral Cresswell John Eyres, in 1912. The couple had one son, Cresswell, and three daughters. Clementi died in High Wycombe, England, on 5 April 1947.Honours
C.M.G., 1916
K.C.M.G., 1926
G.C.M.G., 1931
K.St.J., 1926
Fellow, Royal Geographical Society (F.R.G.S.) Member, Royal Asiatic Society (M.R.A.S.) Honorary Fellow, Magdalen College, Oxford, 1938
Recipient, Cuthbert Peek Award of the Royal Geographical Society, 1912
Honours LL.D. degree, Hong Kong University, 1925

Publications
Cantonese Love Songs. Clarendon Press (1904)
Summary of Geographical Observations taken during a Journey from Kashgar to Kowloon. Noronha & Co. (1911)
Pervigilium Veneris, The vigil of Venus. Blackwell (1911)
Bibliographical and other studies on the Pervigilium Veneris.Blackwell (1913)
The Chinese in British Guiana. The Argosy Company Limited (1915)
Elements in Analysis of Thought. Blackwell (1933)
A Constitutional History of British Guiana. Macmillan (1937) – a definitive work on the constitution of colonial British Guiana

Namesakes
Clementi Secondary School, Hong Kong
Clementi Road, Hong Kong
Cecil Clementi Street, Kanpur
Sir <mask>'s Ride (金督馳馬徑), Hong Kong
 Clementi Town Secondary School, Singapore
Clementi, Singapore
<mask>e Mountain, Cameron Highland, Malaysia
Clementi MRT station, Singapore

See also

 History of Hong Kong

References

Governors of British Ceylon
Governors of Hong Kong
Governors of the Straits Settlements
1875 births
1947 deaths
Alumni of Magdalen College, Oxford
British people of Italian descent
Chief Secretaries of British Guiana
Chief Secretaries of Ceylon
Fellows of the Royal Asiatic Society
Fellows of the Royal Geographical Society
Knights Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George
People educated at St Paul's School, London
People from Kanpur
20th-century Hong Kong people
20th-century British politicians
Administrators in British Singapore
Members of the Legislative Council of Ceylon

masks:
Sir Cecil Clementi
Montagu Clementi
Clementi
Clementi
Clementi
Clementi
Clementi
Cecil Clementi
Clementi
Cecil
Cecil


title: Kris Dunn

type: original

texts:
<mask> (born March 18, 1994) is an American professional basketball player for the Agua Caliente Clippers of the NBA G League. He played four seasons of college basketball for the Providence Friars before being drafted with the fifth overall pick in the 2016 NBA draft by the Minnesota Timberwolves. He played his rookie season with the Timberwolves before being traded to the Chicago Bulls in 2017. High school career
<mask> attended New London High School in New London, Connecticut; he was one of the most dominating point guards in high school basketball. During his junior year in 2010–11, <mask> averaged 26.5 points, 10 rebounds, 5 steals and 5 assists per game to lead the Whalers to a 27–0 record and a victory in the Connecticut Class L State Championship against Northwest Catholic High School. In his senior year from 2011–12, he scored his 2,000th career point. He also led New London High School to the semifinal round of the 2012 Connecticut Class LL State Championships where they were defeated by St. Josephs High School.<mask> was ranked #24 out of all high school players nationwide. He was also #1 in Connecticut. <mask> announced his intention to attend Providence College in August 2011. College career
<mask> tore his labrum in June 2012 and underwent shoulder surgery immediately. He made his freshman debut in late December. He played 25 games that season and averaged 5.7 points per game. On December 11, 2013, it was announced <mask> would undergo shoulder surgery and miss the rest of his sophomore season after playing four games.In the 2014–15 season, <mask> returned from injury to earn the Big East Player of the Year and the Defensive Player of the Year awards. He averaged 15.6 points per game and led the Big East in assists per game and steals per game. Choosing to return for the 2015–16 season with the intention of graduating, <mask> garnered many preseason accolades, including preseason POY. <mask> was named Big East Player of the Week on January 4, 2016 after scoring 26 points in a win against St. John's and a 26 point outing in a victory over ninth-ranked Butler. On February 1, 2016, he was named one of 10 finalists for the Bob Cousy Point Guard of the Year Award. He was named to the 35-man midseason watchlist for the Naismith Trophy on February 11. At the conclusion of his redshirt junior season, <mask> announced his intention to skip his final season of eligibility and enter the 2016 NBA draft.<mask> graduated from Providence and received his college degree following the end of the season. According to ESPN, <mask> was listed as the number two point guard and would likely be a top ten pick in the draft. Professional career

Minnesota Timberwolves (2016–2017)
On June 23, 2016, <mask> was selected by the Minnesota Timberwolves with the fifth overall pick in the 2016 NBA draft. On July 7, he signed his rookie scale contract with the Timberwolves and joined the team for the 2016 NBA Summer League. <mask> scored a team-high 27 points in his Summer League debut. He managed just two Summer League games before sitting out the rest of the tournament after being diagnosed with a concussion. He made his regular season debut on October 26 in the Timberwolves' season opener, scoring eight points off the bench in a 102–98 loss to the Memphis Grizzlies.On November 1, he had 10 points, six assists and five steals in his first career start, helping the Timberwolves defeat the Grizzlies 116–80. On December 6, he had a season-best game with 15 points on 6-for-7 shooting in a 105–91 loss to the San Antonio Spurs. Chicago Bulls (2017–2020)

2017–18 season
On June 22, 2017, <mask> was traded, along with Zach LaVine and the rights to Lauri Markkanen (the 7th pick in the 2017 NBA draft), to the Chicago Bulls in exchange for Jimmy Butler and the rights to Justin Patton (the 16th pick in the 2017 NBA draft). His debut with the Bulls was delayed until the fifth game of the season after he suffered a left index finger dislocation during a preseason game on October 6. In his debut on October 28, in a 101–69 loss to the Oklahoma City Thunder, <mask> came off the bench and had eight points and five fouls, while also aggravating his finger. On November 17, 2017, he scored a career-high 22 points in a 123–120 win over the Charlotte Hornets. On December 9, 2017, he had 17 points, nine assists and seven rebounds and made two free throws with 2.9 seconds left to lift the Bulls to a 104–102 victory over the New York Knicks.On December 26, 2017, he recorded 20 points and 12 assists in 33 minutes in a 115–106 win over the Milwaukee Bucks. He also had four steals and two blocks against the Bucks; <mask> joined Michael Jordan as the only Bulls player with at least 20 points, 12 assists, four steals and two blocks in a game. He also became one of only 18 players to have amassed that stat line in an NBA game. On January 5, 2018, he scored a career-high 32 points in a 127–124 win over the Dallas Mavericks. On February 14, 2018, he had eight points and three assists in 20 minutes against the Toronto Raptors after missing 11 games because of a concussion. 2018–19 season
<mask> missed the first two games of the 2018–19 season for the birth of his first child. After recording nine points and seven assists on October 22 against the Dallas Mavericks, <mask> was sidelined with a sprained MCL in his left knee.On December 10, after sitting out nearly seven weeks, <mask> returned to the lineup and finished with nine points in 20 minutes in a 108–89 loss to the Sacramento Kings. On December 15, he scored 24 points in a 98–93 win over the San Antonio Spurs. On January 4, he had 16 points and 17 assists in a 119–116 overtime loss to the Indiana Pacers. On March 20, he scored a season-high 26 points—including eight in overtime—to go with 13 assists in a 126–120 overtime win over the Washington Wizards. 2019–20 season
In the 2019–20 season, <mask> finished eleventh in All-Defensive team voting. Although he narrowly missed out on both All-Defensive First and Second team, he received the only votes out of the players on a non playoff team or in the experimental “bubble” in Orlando. <mask> received four first team votes and twenty-three second team votes.Atlanta Hawks (2020–2021)
On November 28, 2020, <mask> signed with the Atlanta Hawks. He only played in four games for the Hawks during the 2020–21 season, missing 63 games due to leg injuries for which he required surgery. On August 7, 2021, <mask> was traded to the Boston Celtics in a three-team trade involving the Sacramento Kings. He was then dealt to the Memphis Grizzlies on September 15, who waived him on October 16, after one preseason game. Agua Caliente Clippers (2022–present)
On January 11, 2022, <mask> was acquired via waivers by the Agua Caliente Clippers. Personal life
On October 18, 2018, <mask>'s girlfriend gave birth to a son.

masks:
Kristofer Michael Dunn
Dunn
Dunn
Dunn
Dunn
Dunn
Dunn
Dunn
Dunn
Dunn
Dunn
Dunn
Dunn
Dunn
Dunn
Dunn
Dunn
Dunn
Dunn
Dunn
Dunn
Dunn
Dunn
Dunn
Dunn
Dunn
Dunn


title: Joe Atlan

texts:
<mask> (born July 23, 1989 in Málaga) is a Spanish Keyboardist, Composer, YouTube Partner, and Speaker. He has performed with several musicians such as Timo Tolkki and has shared the stage with other artists like Sungha Jung. <mask> is also known for his academic writings and conferences about Music, Art, and Internet, including a TED talk. He has a YouTube channel where he frequently uploads videos and publishes his music for free. Biography

He first played a keyboard at the early age of 5, but he didn't go back to the music until he met the Italian power metal band Rhapsody. <mask> has stated many times in interviews or answering to comments on his Facebook/YouTube page that he discovered the "true Art" with J. R. R. Tolkien and the "art in Music" for the first time with Rhapsody. Since that moment, when <mask> was 16, he started to play and compose music on the piano.In 2007, <mask> went to University of Navarra in Pamplona, where he studied Audiovisual Communication. He was seen often playing in charity/alumni concerts. During his studies at university, he showed interest for Film Scoring, and even though the degree was mostly about Cinema & TV production, he decided in his 2nd year that he would dedicate his life to Music. <mask> has composed the soundtrack of several short films and documentaries over the last few years, as well as the original music for a Spanish TV series. In November 2009, <mask> was asked to play with the guitarist and Stratovarius found member Timo Tolkki in his Guitar Beyond Infinity Seminar Tour 2009–2010. The contact was done by Tolkki's manager. <mask> has mentioned Tolkki as one of his greatest musical influences many times, being this tour an "incredible honor" for him.On February 10, 2010, he collaborated in the production of the World Record's biggest Lipdub ever made until that date, with almost 400 people in a single Long take. During his university time and afterwards, <mask> showed a deep interest for the academic and philosophical aspects of Music and Art. He has always talked about the importance of "true music" and a "selfless and pure attitude" from the musician towards Art. <mask> has stated several times in interviews and social media that he is writing a book about Music, the importance of a pure art and the artist's attitude towards it. In 2010 he contacted John Petrucci, the guitarist from the Progressive Metal band Dream Theater, to ask him to participate in the project. Some months later, <mask> said also that he talked to Michael Romeo, guitarist from Symphony X about the project. According to Atlan, both of them were interested in collaborating on the book.On September 16, 2012, <mask> was one of the winners chosen to participate in Youfest, an international entertainment Festival starring famous YouTube stars from all over the world, such as Paul Potts, Rick Astley or Sungha Jung. Atlan was chosen from an arrangement he did with piano and keyboards of the Star Wars soundtrack on YouTube. In October 2012, <mask> was called to play in a national TV talent show similar to America's Got Talent but in Spain He performed Chopin's Fantaisie-Impromptu. In 2013, <mask> was asked to give a TED Talk about Music in La Rioja. Atlan called the conference "Can Music tell a story?" and he did it entirely with piano music without saying a word, just some projected text on a screen. In the "talk", <mask> exposed that what attracts humans to stories is not what they actually watch or read, but what they feel when they do that, the "ineffable", what "can't be described through words".On that basis, <mask> stated that Music can skip the intermediary speaking directly to the human soul, with the final answer to the title of the conference being: "Music can make you feel a story without telling it". In 2016, <mask> performed at the opening ceremony for League of Legends All-Star Event in Palau St. Jordi, Barcelona. YouTube Channel

In October 2010, <mask> started uploading his music to YouTube. In just a few days, one of his piano songs received more than 100,000 views. Since that moment, <mask> has used YouTube as the main way to share his music, projects, and stay in touch with the fans. His videos are a display of musical experimentation, sometimes with a touch of humor, usually combining instruments and sounds with no particular Genre, or making original arrangements from movie soundtracks, such as The Hobbit, Star Wars, or Pirates of the Caribbean. Atlan tends to show virtuoso skills as an entertainment and way to practice, specially using his Roland AX-7 Keytar, which has become his signature instrument.He also shares his piano compositions there and publishes them for free. <mask>'s songs are usually instrumental piano tracks with an epic fantasy, oceanic and hopeful atmosphere. His work on YouTube is often featured in digital magazines and music-video websites. In 2013, <mask> was also contacted by the Dubbing and Voice actor who does the official Spanish voices of Morgan Freeman, Ian McKellen among others, to start a project combining Music and Poetry. Equipment

Roland AX-7 Keytar
Kurzweil K2600X (88 keys)
Korg Karma
Casio Celviano AL-100R
Roland JV-1080

Personal life

<mask> was born in Málaga, but he has always lived in Marbella, where he currently resides. He is the oldest of 6 brothers. <mask> has often said through his social media pages that he does Archery, Taekwondo and Volleyball in his free time.Discography

Singles

The following list consists of <mask>'s piano singles available at his YouTube Channel. "Sea Light" (2010)
"A Breeze Away" (2011)
"The Shoreline Pearl" (2011)
"Dawn Drops" (2011)
"Draw the Bright Side" (2011)
"Healing Sands" (2012)
"Seahorse's Little Wish" (2012)
"Arisen Spirit" (2012)
"Crystalline Voice" (2012)
"Star Wars Medley" (2012)
"Pirates of the Caribbean Medley" (2012)
"River's Ending" (2012)
"Facing the Storm with Optimism" (2012)
"Song of the Lonely Mountains (from The Hobbit) (2012)"
"Musical Poem: Lagrima" (2013)

See also

University of Navarra
Dream Theater
Timo Tolkki
TED
YouTube
List of keytarists

References

External links
<mask>'s YouTube Channel
Website & Blog

1989 births
Living people
Spanish pianists
21st-century pianists

masks:
Joe Atlan
Joe Atlan
Atlan
Joe Atlan
Atlan
Atlan
Joe Atlan
Atlan
Joe Atlan
Atlan
Joe Atlan
Joe Atlan
Joe Atlan
Joe Atlan
Joe Atlan
Atlan
Atlan
Joe Atlan
Atlan
Joe Atlan
Atlan
Joe Atlan
Atlan
Joe Atlan
Joe Atlan


title: Eric Montross

texts:
<mask> “Big Grits” <mask> (born September 23, 1971) is an American retired professional basketball player who played in the National Basketball Association (NBA) for eight seasons with the Boston Celtics, Dallas Mavericks, New Jersey Nets, Philadelphia 76ers, Detroit Pistons, and Toronto Raptors. Born in Indianapolis, he played for Lawrence North High School before enrolling at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill to play for the Tar Heels. High school
Playing for Lawrence North High School, he was selected as a McDonald's All American in 1990. That same year, he was named to the USA Today All-USA first Team. After leading Lawrence North to the Indiana high school basketball championship <mask> committed himself to the North Carolina. <mask> was also a baseball pitcher in high school and was drafted by the Chicago Cubs with the 1,547th pick overall in the 1994 MLB draft. College career
He was part of the UNC team that won the NCAA Championship against Michigan in 1993 and was named an All-American as a junior and senior.<mask>' father and grandfather had played for Michigan. His father Scott was a teammate of Cazzie Russell in the 1960s and his maternal grandfather John Townsend was an All-American in the 1930s. In 4 seasons at UNC, <mask> appeared in 139 games, averaging 11.7 points, 6.8 rebounds and 1.2 blocks per game. During his first year in the NBA, he averaged 10 points per game, and was selected to the 1995 Rookie All-Star Game and named to the NBA All-Rookie 2nd Team. However, <mask> would never again reach this level of production. The Celtics came under fire for selecting <mask> over players such as Eddie Jones, Jalen Rose, and  Aaron McKie. During his career in the NBA, <mask> played with the Celtics, Dallas Mavericks, New Jersey Nets, Philadelphia 76ers, Detroit Pistons, and the Toronto Raptors.<mask> announced his retirement on August 26, 2003, due to a foot injury and was waived by the Raptors in February, 2004. During his career, <mask> averaged 4.5 points, 4.6 rebounds, 0.6 blocks and 0.4 assists per game. He played in 465 games and started 288. With the Pan-American Health Organization, <mask> co-founded an organization called Vaccine Ambassadors, which aims to distribute vaccines all over the world, especially to developing countries, and help children. In 1994, he started the <mask> Fathers Day Basketball Camp. The camp has raised over one million dollars for the UNC Children's hospital. Notes

External links
Basketball-Reference stats

1971 births
Living people
All-American college men's basketball players
American expatriate basketball people in Canada
American men's basketball players
American people of Dutch descent
American people of French-Canadian descent
American radio sports announcers
Basketball players at the 1991 NCAA Division I Men's Final Four
Basketball players at the 1991 Pan American Games
Basketball players at the 1993 NCAA Division I Men's Final Four
Basketball players from Indianapolis
Boston Celtics draft picks
Boston Celtics players
Centers (basketball)
College basketball announcers in the United States
Dallas Mavericks players
Detroit Pistons players
McDonald's High School All-Americans
New Jersey Nets players
North Carolina Tar Heels men's basketball announcers
North Carolina Tar Heels men's basketball players
Pan American Games bronze medalists for the United States
Pan American Games medalists in basketball
Parade High School All-Americans (boys' basketball)
Philadelphia 76ers players
Toronto Raptors players
Medalists at the 1991 Pan American Games

masks:
Eric Scott
Montross
Montross
Montross
Montross
Montross
Montross
Montross
Montross
Montross
Montross
Montross
Eric Montross


title: Ian Gillespie (developer)

texts:
<mask> (born 30 September 1961) is a Canadian real estate developer. In 1992 he founded Westbank Projects Corp. based in Vancouver, British Columbia, which now has more than $25 billion of projects completed or under development. The company is active across Canada and expanding into the United States with projects including residential, rental, affordable housing, office, retail, hotels and public art. Biography
<mask> was born in Port Coquitlam, one of five children. His father was a technician at an oil refinery and his mother worked at Riverview Hospital, and both were lifelong environmental activists. He completed a Business degree at the University of British Columbia (1985) and then an MBA at the University of Toronto, (1986) after which he went to work for his mother's cousins company, shopping centre developer Schroeder Properties in Vancouver. <mask> is married to Stephanie Dong, niece of Vancouver property magnate Robert H. Lee.Westbank
In 1992, <mask> started Westbank Projects Corp. To date, the Westbank group of companies employs in excess of 1800 people, including its construction company ICON West Construction, three hotels and restaurants, and the recent acquisition of downtown Vancouver's district utility company Central Heat, which Westbank rebranded Creative Energy in 2014. LEED and Low Carbon Development
Westbank has completed two of North America's first LEED Platinum office buildings, Telus Garden, on completion Canada's most sustainable office building   and Telus Sky, as well as the targeted LEED Platinum residential high rise at Vancouver House, and the re-development of Oakridge Centre, as Vancouver's designated new town centre  and a LEED Platinum neighbourhood. Westbank low carbon projects currently under development include Senakw in partnership with the Squamish Nation, a carbon-neutral rental residential development project and one of the largest First Nations economic development projects in Canada. Westbank is also currently developing a net zero carbon campus in Silicon Valley, with six mixed-use projects in Downtown San Jose. Projects
Westbank creates housing across the continuum with projects ranging from affordable and market rental housing to definitive luxury residential developments. <mask> has worked with global architects including Bjarke Ingels Group (BIG), James K.M. Cheng Architects, Henriquez Partners Architects, Hariri Pontarini Architects, Kengo Kuma and Associates and Studio Gang Architects.Around 2008 Woodward's the department store, built in 1903, was redeveloped amid controversy with affordable housing, retail and restoration of the ‘W’ neon sign using LED lights atop the building. (BC Business Magazine called it "the most complicated and ambitious development in Vancouver's civic history." The Vancouver Sun ranked Woodward's as number 2 in their piece, "10 highlights from the first 125 years." District energy
In 2013 Gillespie's Westbank Projects Corp. purchased Central Heat Distribution, the major provider of heat in Vancouver and rebranded it Creative Energy. Creative Energy is currently undertaking the "Creative Energy Decarbonization Project"[11] which will add new electrode steam boilers to an existing natural gas-powered steam plant, transitioning the district energy system to low-carbon energy sources to serve approximately 12 million square feet of new development in downtown, the West End, North East False Creek, and False Creek Flats. Westbank recently constructed a low-carbon utility harnessing the energy from the waste heat of the nearby TELUS Switching centre, for its $750-million TELUS Garden Project and is currently partnering with the city to create a similar low-carbon energy recovery program for the Oakridge Centre redevelopment, for which Westbank is the residential developer. Philanthropy

In 2018 <mask> donated $2.5 million to the Emily Carr School of Arts and $1.5 million to the VGH / UBC Hospital foundation(s).Criticisms

Westbank has been criticized for marketing luxury homes overseas and promoting foreign homeownership in Vancouver. Critics argue that foreign buyers are to blame for the affordability crisis in Vancouver, where rapid population growth and the city's emergence as a North American tech hub combined with a housing shortage are contributing to surging home prices. In June 2018, Westbank faced controversy over its Westbank China website where housing advocates accused the company of restricting access to the site. A marketing post on the website promoted investment with several “hot topic selling points" including banks lowering mortgage rates especially compared to England, the U.S. and Australia; Vancouver as a home for the global rich; and a 26 per cent increase in condo prices last year. Notables
2010: Shangri-La Vancouver won the Real Estate Board of Greater Vancouver (REBGV) Commercial Building Awards - Excellence award in the hospitality/hotel category. 2010: Best of Commercial Building Awards, Vancouver: Woodward's Building Redevelopment, Judges’ Choice Award for best overall of the 36 entries. Woodward's also won the Excellence Award in the mixed-use commercial/residential category for owner/developer <mask> of Westbank and Ben Yeung, Peterson Investment Group.2011: Woodward's Building wins Azure Magazine 2011 Design Exchange Awards, Gold, Architecture – Residential
2011: Woodward's Building is ranked as number 2 in Vancouver Sun's piece on '10 highlights from the first 125 years.' 2013: Shangri-La Toronto/Momofuku wins Award of Excellence, Toronto Urban Design Awards
2013: Fairmont Pacific Rim garners Best City Centre Hotel, Canada from Travel + Leisure Magazine. 2013: Shangri-La Toronto voted The Best Urban Hotels 2013, Wallpaper Magazine. 2014: Shangri-La Vancouver received 2014 AAA Five-Diamond Award, 2nd consecutive year, highest hotel & restaurant rating in Vancouver
2014: International Property Awards MIPIM in Cannes, Bjarke Ingels Group received the Architectural Review Future Award for the Beach & Howe (Vancouver House) tower in Vancouver & Mixed-Use Tower in Vancouver, (Vancouver House) in the category ‘Tall Buildings’. 2015: Vancouver House is awarded Future Project of the Year at the 2015 World Architecture Festival. 2021: Tall + Urban Innovation Conference Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat in Virtual, Westbank and Bjarke Ingels Group received an Award of Excellence: Best Tall Building Worldwide (Vancouver House) in the categories of: ‘Best Tall Building Worldwide 2021 Winner’, 'Best Tall Building 100–199 meters 2021 Winner', 'Best Tall Residential or Hotel Building 2021 Winner'. References

1961 births
Living people

masks:
Ian Gillespie
Gillespie
Gillespie
Gillespie
Gillespie
Gillespie
Ian Gillespie


title: Ed Lewis (wrestler)

texts:
Robert H. Friedrich (June 30, 1891 – August 8, 1966), better known by the ring name <mask>Strangler" <mask>, was an American professional wrestler and trainer. During his wrestling career, which spanned four decades, <mask> was a four-time World Heavyweight Wrestling Champion and overall recognised officially as a five-time world champion. Considered to be one of the most iconic and recognizable sports stars of the 1920s, often alongside boxer Jack Dempsey and baseball player Babe Ruth, <mask> notably wrestled in over 6,000 matches (many of which were real contests) and lost only 32 of them. He was posthumously inducted as a charter member into the following hall of fames: Wrestling Observer Newsletter, Professional Wrestling, George Tragos/Lou Thesz and WWE's Legacy Wing. One of the most legitimately feared grapplers of all time, <mask> was known for his catch wrestling prowess and trained many future champions, most notably Lou Thesz, Danny Hodge, Dick Hutton and Gene LeBell. Professional wrestling career

Born in Nekoosa, Wisconsin to German parents, Friedrich was an active youngster, participating in amateur wrestling, basketball and track. Friedrich would end up solely focusing on wrestling, finding success competing in local competitions against other farmers.Friedrich began wrestling professionally at the age of 14, using the ring name <mask> "Strangler" <mask>, first in Louisville, Kentucky, partly in tribute of 1890s star Evan "Strangler" <mask> and so his parents wouldn't discover it was him. It was also stated in the A&E documentary The Unreal Story of Professional Wrestling that he was dubbed the Strangler after a match in France where he applied a sleeper hold, and the French, who were unfamiliar with the hold, thought he was strangling his opponent. He was the pivotal figure in the "Gold Dust Trio", along with promoters Toots Mondt and Big Billy Sandow, a travelling road show that was the precursor to wrestling tours, and which revolutionized professional wrestling by creating undercards, promoting full events instead of one match shows. They also developed the first professional wrestling storylines, creating worked feuds between wrestlers. Because of the legit skills <mask> possessed, the Trio could put the title on who ever they wanted, because <mask> had the ability to defeat anyone who would not follow the script. <mask> captured his first recognized World Heavyweight Wrestling Championship on December 13, 1920, defeating Joe Stecher. Stecher would prove to be <mask>' biggest rival, both in and out of the ring, with Stecher running his own shows against the Gold Dust Trio, beginning quite possibly the first promotional rivalry.<mask> and Stecher wrestled one of the longest matches in professional wrestling history, where they battled for five and a half hours, ending in a draw. The climax of their feud came on April 15, 1925, when Gold Dust Trio star and former champion Stanislaus Zbyszko was asked to lose to the Gold Dust Trio's own handpicked champion, Wayne Munn, a former football star, in an effort to give Munn credibility. Zbyszko balked at the idea of losing to an unskilled wrestler, and secretly jumped to the Joe Stecher camp. Zbyszko double-crossed the Gold Dust Trio, using his knowledge of holds to legit defeat and, in the process, humiliate Munn. Eventually, <mask> and Stecher settled their differences, and agreed to do business with each other, with Stecher dropping the world title back to <mask> on February 20, 1928. In 1931, <mask> and partner, Billy Sandow, signed former Notre Dame All-American running back "Jumping Joe" Savoldi to his first professional wrestling contract. <mask> was credited with training Savoldi in Los Angeles during the first half of 1931.After winning the AWA World Heavyweight Championship in April 1931, he faced Henri Deglane in May for a title defense in Montreal in a two-out-of-three falls match. After two falls, Deglane had feigned being bitten by <mask>, when in reality he had been bitten in the locker room. This led to Deglane being awarded the title via disqualification and a dispute over who was actually acknowledged as champion over the next two years. In 1933, one of the Strangler's most infamous matches took place in Madison Square Garden. He was fighting Ray Steele for the title. The two men began circling each other, but no fighting happened, which made the fans bored. Steele finally ended the match by punching <mask>, causing the referee to disqualify him twenty minutes into the match.On September 20, 1934, <mask> wrestled Jim Londos in front of an audience of 35,275 at Wrigley Field, and drawing a record gate of $96,302, which would stand until 1952. In 1937, the Strangler had six contests in New Zealand. He beat Floyd Marshall, John Spellman, Glen Wade, and Rusty Wescoatt, and lost twice to the Canadian champion Earl McCready, who was then established as the top wrestler in New Zealand. In 1936, he also competed in one of the last known legitimate contests in professional wrestling, where wrestled Lee Wykoff. <mask> separated a clavicle during training but decided to go ahead with the contest. The match ended a draw. Post wrestling

<mask> went into semi-retirement in 1935, but came out of retirement in 1942, at the age of 51, despite being legally blind.He retired from professional wrestling for good in 1948, at 57 years old. At the November 1949 NWA Convention in St. Louis, <mask> was named the ambassador of good will for the NWA. In later years, he would become the manager of his good friend and reigning NWA World Heavyweight Champion, Lou Thesz. <mask> went blind from trachoma. He was destitute and relied on his wife and acquaintances to survive. He died in Oklahoma on August 8, 1966 at the age of 75. In 1999, <mask> was inducted into the George Tragos/Lou Thesz Hall of Fame.Today, a Wisconsin state historical marker commemorates his achievements in his hometown of Nekoosa on Prospect Avenue. In 2002, <mask> was voted in by professional wrestlers, historians and writers and inducted into the Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame in Amsterdam, New York. Championships and accomplishments
 American Wrestling Association (Boston)
 AWA World Heavyweight Championship (2 times)
 Championship Wrestling from Florida
 NWA Florida Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
 George Tragos/Lou Thesz Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame
 Class of 1999
International Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame
Class of 2021
 Midwest Wrestling Association (Kansas City)
 MWA World Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
 Midwest Wrestling Association (Ohio)
 MWA World Heavyweight Championship (Ohio version) (1 time)
 New York State Athletic Commission
 NYSAC World Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
 Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame and Museum
 Class of 2002
 WWE
 WWE Hall of Fame (Class of 2016)
 Wrestling Observer Newsletter
 Wrestling Observer Newsletter Hall of Fame (Class of 1996)
 Other titles
 World Heavyweight Championship (Michigan/Illinois version) (1 time)
 World Heavyweight Wrestling Championship (6 times)
 The musical The Music Man mentions the exciting contest between Strangler <mask> and Frank Gotch

References

External links

1891 births
1966 deaths
American catch wrestlers
American male professional wrestlers
American people of German descent
People associated with physical culture
Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame and Museum
Professional wrestlers from Wisconsin
Professional wrestling trainers
People from Nekoosa, Wisconsin
WWE Hall of Fame Legacy inductees

masks:
Ed "
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Lewis
Ed
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Lewis
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title: Walter Cowley

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<mask> (c.1500 – 1548) was an Irish lawyer and politician who was the first holder of the office of Principal Solicitor for Ireland, which was created for him. He was a client of Thomas Cromwell, and later of John Alan, the Lord Chancellor of Ireland,  and this connection ultimately led to his downfall. He is best remembered as an ancestor of the 1st Duke of Wellington. Background
The <mask> family originated in Rutland, where they were long associated with the village of Glaston. Records show that <mask> (born about 1489 & died 1551 not 1548). Moved to Ireland with his father Robert about 1505-06 as Judges & merchants from Rutlandshire. 1407 his 4 greats grandfather <mask> was the Portreeve(Sheriff)of Kilkenny Ire.9-22-1511 the Mayor of Drogheda granted a case for <mask> to find a Chaplin. 1537 was appointed Solicitor General of Ireland. Imprisoned in the Tower of London with his brother <mask> an (Irish Judge). 1541-several letters were wrote to King Henry III  pleading for clemency for him & his brother Robert which still exists. When released he was restored to Royal Favour, Surrendered his office to John Bathe in 1546, later was Surveyor General in Ireland. He left a considerable fortune to his son Sir Henry who acquired & was the first to live in the Carbery Castle in 1554. <mask> was Surveyor General in Kildare in 1550 & died possibly in Kildare Ireland.<mask> Great Uncle was John Colley the 1st. Lord of Glaston, Rutlandshire, Eng. & brother to his Great grandfather <mask> born 1440 in Glaston. When Great Uncle John Colley the first Lord of Glaston died his oldest son Sir Anthony Colley who became a member of Parliament had 2 daughters & a son Anthony. <mask> (judge), the son of <mask> of Glaston later moved to Ireland about 1505–06, with his sons <mask> & Robert (Jr) during King Henry VII's reign, and had a highly successful career as merchants etc. becoming Master of the Rolls in Ireland in 1536, but ultimately fell from power about 1540. Early career
By the mid 1530s <mask> had developed political ambitions of his own; he and his father both became clients of Thomas Cromwell.This led to a clash with Patrick Barnewall, another client of Cromwell; <mask> clearly hoped to replace Barnewall as Solicitor General for Ireland, and did replace him as Receiver of Customs for Drogheda. Both the  Cowleys sought to blacken Barnewall's name, accusing him in particular of questioning the King's authority, a very serious matter given the ruthless fashion in  which Henry VIII dealt with dissent. Barnewall was so alarmed that he offered to resign in <mask>'s favour; but Cromwell wished to retain the services of both men, and a separate office of Principal Solicitor for Ireland was created for <mask>. Odd though this arrangement may seem, it probably helped to alleviate the burden of work for the two senior Law Officers, and continued for many years after <mask>'s removal. <mask> also clashed with James Bathe, Chief Baron of the Irish Exchequer 1540–1570; <mask>'s father had attacked Bathe as a "presumptuous upstart"  as early as 1525. The Rebellion of Silken Thomas must have seemed an excellent opportunity to block Bathe's advancement, since his father-in-law John Burnell was one of the principal rebels. However Bathe possessed both influential friends and the ability to avoid becoming tied to any political faction: his rise to power was a clear sign that the Cowleys' political influence  was  in decline.Later career
After Cromwell's downfall <mask> sought the patronage of the Lord Chancellor, John Alan, who belonged to a faction opposed to the Lord Deputy of Ireland, Sir Anthony St Leger. Since St Leger was notoriously hot-tempered his ensuing quarrel with St Leger was probably not of <mask>'s making, but he showed a serious lack of judgment, which led to his removal from office. His father was already out of favour and had been imprisoned in the Fleet Prison. In an effort to conciliate James Butler, 9th Earl of Ormond, who had regained much of his family's former influence, St Leger gave him command of the Irish forces in the war against Scotland in 1544. Ormond received an anonymous letter at Gowran, accusing St Leger of deliberately exposing him to danger. It emerged that <mask> had written the letter, although he insisted that an associate of his called Cantwell had been responsible. In a further blunder, <mask> and Lord Chancellor Alan drew up a book of articles, accusing St Leger of widespread maladministration.St Leger demanded an inquiry by the Privy Council of England, which exonerated him entirely. <mask> was deprived of office and imprisoned in the Tower of London; the State papers preserve an abject letter he wrote to the King pleading for clemency and saying that he had acted out of genuine fear for Ormond's life. He was eventually released, and apparently regained a degree of favour, being appointed Surveyor-General shortly before he died in 1548. Since his family were able to purchase Carbury Castle, County Kildare, within a few years of his death, it is likely that he left a considerable fortune. A Memorial of <mask> exists in Glaston, Rutlandshire Eng. Descendants
His wife's name is unknown: he had two sons of whom the elder, Sir Henry Colley of Carbury Castle (died 1584), was a distinguished soldier and a direct ancestor of Richard Wesley, 1st Baron Mornington. Richard changed the family name to Wesley, and was the grandfather of the 1st Duke of Wellington.Character
Historians have little good to say of <mask>: he and his father have been described as "ambitious mischief-makers". He should not perhaps be blamed for the abject  tone of his letter to Henry VIII  from the Tower of London pleading for mercy, since he may well have feared for his life at the time he wrote it. On the other hand,  his intrigues against Barnewall  and Bathe show him in an extremely unattractive light. References

Irish lawyers
Principal Solicitors for Ireland
1500s births
1548 deaths
16th-century Irish politicians
Irish people of English descent
Year of birth uncertain
People from County Kildare

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Walter Cowley
Colley Cowley
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Walter Cowley


title: Peter Parker (physician)

texts:
<mask> (June 18, 1804 – January 10, 1888) was an American physician and a missionary who introduced Western medical techniques into  Qing Dynasty China. It was said that <mask> "opened China to the gospel at the point of a lancet." Early life
<mask> was born in Framingham, Massachusetts in 1804 to an orthodox Congregational family. His parents were farmers. <mask> received a B.A. degree from Yale University in 1831, and his M.D. degree from the Yale Medical School, then called Medical Institution of Yale College, in 1834.In January 1834, he completed his theological studies at Yale and was ordained as a Presbyterian minister. China
In February 1834, <mask> traveled to Canton, where he had the distinction of being the first full-time Protestant medical missionary to China. In 1835, he opened in that city the Ophthalmic Hospital, which later became the Guangzhou Boji Hospital (the Canton Hospital). <mask> specialized in diseases of the eye, including cataracts, and also resected tumors. <mask> also introduced Western anesthesia in the form of sulphuric ether. Although the hospital was intended particularly for the treatment of eye diseases, it was soon found impracticable to exclude patients suffering from other maladies. Over 2,000 patients were admitted the first year.<mask> often preached to the patients, and trained several Chinese students in the arts of medicine and surgery, some of whom attained considerable skill. Merchant David Olyphant of Olyphant & Co. allowed <mask> to use one of his warehouses as a hospital "so that patients could come and go without annoying foreigners by passing through their hongs, or excite the observations of natives by being seen to resort to a foreigner's house, rendered it most suitable for the purpose." In 1840, on the occurrence of hostilities between England and China, the hospital was closed, and <mask> returned to the United States. He met and married Harriet Colby Webster during this time period. Returning to China with his new wife in 1842, he reopened the hospital, and it was thronged as before. He served as president of the Medical Missionary Society of China after his mentor Thomas Richardson Colledge. Dr. John Glasgow Kerr followed <mask> in running the Medical Missionary Society Hospital.In 1844, <mask> worked as Caleb Cushing's main interpreter during the negotiations of the Treaty of Wanghia with the Qing Empire. In 1845 he became a secretary and interpreter to the new embassy from the United States, still keeping the hospital in operation. In the absence of the minister, <mask> acted as chargé d'affaires. In 1855, finding his health seriously impaired, he again returned to the United States. The 1844 treaty stipulated that it could be renegotiated after 12 years, and in 1856, president Franklin Pierce sent <mask> to China in order to revise the treaty and gain more concessions from the Qing Empire. <mask> was unsuccessful in this endeavor. He worked in this capacity until Pierce left office.In 1857, his health again failing, he returned to the United States. Lam Qua portraits
While in China, <mask> met Lam Qua, a Western-trained Chinese painter. <mask> commissioned Lam Qua to paint patients at the Canton Hospital with large tumors or other major deformities. Some of the paintings are part of a collection of Lam Qua's work held by the <mask> Parker Collection at the Harvey Cushing/John Hay Whitney Medical Library at Yale University. <mask> left these portraits to the Pathology Department of the Yale Medical School, which later gave them to the Library. United States
After his final return to the United States, <mask> and Harriet had son <mask>, Jr. in 1859. In the 1860s, the couple moved to the townhome on Lafayette Square that is known today as the <mask> Parker House.From here the couple regularly hosted notable figures in Washington, including Supreme Court justices, members of Congress, and President Abraham Lincoln. He became a regent of the Smithsonian Institution in 1868, a corporate member of the American Board in 1871, and was a delegate of the Evangelical Alliance to Russia the same year to memorialize Tsar Alexander II in behalf of religious liberty in the Baltic provinces. He was president of the Washington branch of the Evangelical Alliance in 1887. He died in Washington, D.C.

Writings
Among his publications were:
 Reports of the Ophthalmic Hospital at Canton (Canton, 1836–52)
 Journal of an Expedition from Singapore to Japan, an account of his visit to the Loo Choo islands and Japan in 1837 (London, 1838)
 A Statement Respecting Hospitals in China (London, 1841)
 Notes of Surgical Practice Among the Chinese (1846)
 Eulogy on Henry Wilson (Washington, D. C., 1880)

Notes

References

 Edward V. Gulick. <mask> and the Opening of China. (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, Harvard Studies in American-East Asian Relations 3,  1973). . External links

<mask> collection, Medical Historical Library, Harvey Cushing/John Hay Whitney Medical Library, Yale University
Peter Parker Papers, Medical Historical Library, Harvey Cushing/John Hay Whitney Medical Library, Yale University
Lam Qua's Portraits of <mask>'s Patients, Medical Historical Library, Harvey Cushing/John Hay Whitney Medical Library, Yale University
Chang, J.A reconstructive surgeon's taste in art: Dr <mask> and the Lam Qua oil paintings  Ann Plast Surg. (1993)
 Christopher Gundman, "<mask>," Biographical Dictionary of Christianity in China
Heinrich, Ari Larissa. The Afterlife of Images:  Translating the Pathological Body Between China and the West, Chapel Hill:  Duke University Press, 2008. Hume, <mask> <mask> and the Introduction of Anesthesia into China Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences (1946)
Rachman, Stephen Memento Morbi: Lam Qua’s Paintings, <mask>’s Patients Robert Penn Warren Center for the Humanities, Vanderbilt University

1804 births
1888 deaths
American Presbyterian missionaries
19th-century American physicians
Christian medical missionaries
Presbyterian missionaries in China
People from Framingham, Massachusetts
Yale School of Medicine alumni
American expatriates in China
19th-century American diplomats
Ambassadors of the United States to China

masks:
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Edward Peter
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Peter Parker


title: Eagle Han-ying

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<mask>ing (Korean name: Kim Young Il, 김영일) was a Korean actor and martial artist, who rose his fame in South Korea through various Korean drama series from the 90. Outside of Korea, he is best known with his appearance with many kung fu films from the range of Korean, Hong Kong and Taiwanese production. Early life
At the early age, Han Ying was sent to the orphanage and was adopted by Chinese translator as well as the action director named Kim Cheong Do. Han Ying was soon to be exposed in the physical education, in particularly with the sports especially with the martial arts. At his early age he would train for Taekwondo (whom which he earned himself a black belt 24th degree) as well as the praying mantis style. Although he did not appear in any of the Shaw's production, but with his adopted father's suggestion as well as the recommendation, Han Ying would soon to be trained in Shaw Brothers studio as an actor trainee for 6 years. This soon gave him more flexibility with his film careers in both South Korea and as well as countries like Hong Kong and Taiwan.After returning to Korea, he then planned to join the army school, but due to his father's persuasion, he decided to focus his aiming on becoming an actor. He later attended Chung-Ang University in which he studied in the field of theatre and acting major. Film career
Han Ying made his first film appearance in 1977 Korean, Taiwan and Indonesian co-production films Endless Fight (Pukulan Berantai), who appeared as a thug fighting oppose to Shin Il Ryong. Following up with the Endless Fight, he then appeared in series of obscure Korean martial arts films, following with Bruceploitation film Return of the Red Tiger starring Bruce Le and Return of Fist of Fury. He was often a frequent collaborator with another Taekwondo martial artist actor Casanova Wong, with the films such as Wonderman from Shaolin (1977), South Shaolin Vs. North Shaolin (1982) and even Wong's own directorial debut Fire Lord (1981). Around 1979, Han would also collaborate with the soon to be famous Hong Kong action star Jackie Chan for twice. Both of them which worked under the Lo Wei's Hong Kong, Korean, and Taiwanese co-production with the films such as Dragon Fist (1979) and as well as making a guest appearance for Chan's directorial debut film The Fearless Hyena.Along with Chan, Han Ying would also co-star with James Tien and Yen Shi Kwan in both pictures. Han Ying's talent would soon be discovered by many of the Taiwanese directors, such as William Cheung Ki whom gave Han Ying a starring role as a villain To Ko Lam in Death Duel of Kung Fu, the film that co-stars both Secret Rivals star John Liu (actor) and Don Wong Tao, as well as the involvement with many of the stuntman from Sammo Hung's stunt group with the likes of Chung Fat, Chin Yuet Sang and Mang Hoi. He also worked with several of Shaw Brothers' famous leading faces as well as the stunt directors with the likes of Gordon Liu and Liu Chia Liang in Korean/Taiwanese co-production Shaolin Drunken Monk (1981) as well as Chang Cheh's frequent Venom Mob Shaw Brothers' pictures' choreographer Robert Tai with another co-production Kung fu adventure film Ninja Vs. Shaolin Guards (1984) co-starring Alexander Lo Rei. Film Success
Following with the film success in Hong Kong, he equally had a cult status on the silver screen from his home country of South Korea. He would continue appearing in the martial arts action genre, in particularly after the success of comedic kung fu films from Jackie Chan's era. Han Ying would frequently collaborate with the veteran Korean director Kim Jeong Yong as well as to co-star with the fellow Korean martial artist actor Elton Chong. The trio worked on at least 6 pictures together.One of which was titled Chef of the Shaolin Temple (Hangul: 소림사 주방장), also known as Shaolin Drunken Monkey(1981). The film was a huge success in South Korea and currently gained the cult status in among the Korean fans. Following with the Shaolin Drunken Monkey, they've also worked together in 10 Shaolin Disciples, The Snake Strikes Back, Fist of the Golden Monkey, Dragon Against Vampire and their last on-screen collaboration Ninja of the Magnificent which came out in 1987. End of the career and death
After making several films in the 1980s, he eventually retired from acting in 1987. However, in 1992 he made the appearance once again in Walking Towards the Sky the Korean movie and in addition he also made the appearance in 1997 television series Love and War. After Walking Towards the Sky, Han became a monk in Gyeongsang Province after his retirement from filming business. In 2002 he was diagnosed with stomach cancer and died August 12, 2003.


title: Eduard Wirths

texts:
<mask> (4 September 1909 – 20 September 1945) was the chief SS doctor (SS-Standortarzt) at the Auschwitz concentration camp from September 1942 to January 1945. Thus, <mask> had formal responsibility for everything undertaken by the nearly twenty SS doctors (including Josef Mengele, Horst Schumann and Carl Clauberg) who worked in the medical sections of Auschwitz between 1942 and 1945. Early life
<mask> was born in Geroldshausen near Würzburg, Bavaria into a Catholic family with democratic Socialist leanings. His father served as a medical corpsman in the First World War and according to Dr. Robert Jay Lifton had emerged from the war "...in a depressed state with pacifist leanings, which were undoubtedly expressed in his (as one son put it) 'making doctors of us all...'"  Wirth's younger brother, Helmut, became a notable gynecologist (who later went to Auschwitz to visit his brother to participate in cancer experiments but said that he left after only a few days on his brother <mask>'s advice, due to a disagreement and because of his revulsion of the place). According to Lifton "...Among the boys it was <mask> who came most under the father’s influence in becoming meticulous, obedient, and unusually conscientious and reliable — traits that continued into his adult life. He never smoked or drank and was described as compassionate and "soft" in his responses to others..." The Wirths family was not known to be anti-semitic or sympathetic to radical nationalist politics. Nazi party membership
<mask>, however, became an ardent Nazi while studying medicine at the University of Würzburg (1930–35).He joined the Nazi Party and the SA in June 1933 and applied for admission into the SS in 1934. He entered the Waffen SS in 1939, saw action in Norway and the Russian Front and was classified as medically unfit for combat duty in the spring of 1942 after a heart-attack. <mask> then chose to undertake special training for Department leaders in Dachau Concentration Camp and served as chief SS psychiatrist in Neuengamme concentration camp during July 1942. Coincidentally, in 1942 Josef Mengele was also wounded at the Russian Front, pronounced medically unfit for combat, promoted to the rank of SS-Hauptsturmführer before being assigned to Auschwitz. Auschwitz (1942-1945)
<mask> was promoted to SS-Hauptsturmführer (captain) and appointed as chief camp physician at Auschwitz in September, 1942. He was appointed on the basis of his reputation as a competent doctor and committed Nazi who would be capable of stopping the typhus epidemics that had increasingly affected SS personnel at Auschwitz. At Auschwitz, <mask> was known to be protective of prisoner doctors and other prisoners doing medical work, to have improved conditions on the medical blocks and was remembered favourably by most prisoner doctors and other inmates who had contact with him.At the same time, <mask> in recommending Dr. Josef Mengele for promotion in August 1944, was able to speak of Mengele's "open, honest, firm … [and] absolutely dependable" character and "magnificent" intellectual and physical talents; of the "discretion, perseverance, and energy with which he has fulfilled every task … and … shown himself equal to every situation"; of his "valuable contribution to anthropological science by making use of the scientific materials available to him"; of his "absolute ideological firmness" and "faultless conduct [as] an SS officer"; and personal qualities as "free, unrestrained, persuasive, and lively" discourse that rendered him "especially dear to his comrades". Rudolf Höss, the commandant of Auschwitz between 1940 and December 1943, is said to have held <mask> in particularly high regard. He is said to have remarked of Wirths that "During my 10 years of service in concentration-camp affairs, I have never encountered a better one." In 1943 the impact on inmates of Wirths' actions at Auschwitz resulted in his receiving a Christmas card from Langbein, a political prisoner who worked with him, which contained the message “In the past year you have saved here the lives of 93,000 people. We do not have the right to tell you our wishes. But we wish for ourselves that you stay here in the coming year.” It was signed: “One speaking for the prisoners of Auschwitz.” The figure of 93,000 was the difference in mortality rate among prisoners from typhus in the year prior to Wirths' arrival. Prisoner experimentation
Wirths was involved in ordering medical experimentation, particularly in gynecological and typhus-related experimental tests.<mask>'s primary research concerned pre-cancerous growths of the cervix. <mask> was also interested in the sterilization of women, by removing their ovaries through surgery or radiation. It is generally acknowledged that he himself never directly participated in such experiments but delegated their conduct to subordinates. The victims of these experiments were Jewish women who had been imprisoned in Block 10 of the main camp in Auschwitz. Dr. E.W.J. Pearce, an Associate Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology at the Truman Medical Center has made the following observation regarding Wirths' medical experiments: ". . . <mask>, without consent, photographed the cervices of women prisoners, then amputated the pictured cervices, and sent both photographs and specimens for study to Dr. Hinselmann of Berlin".Hinselmann was the physician who developed colposcopy. Selection of prisoners
Importantly, <mask> also asserted medical control of prisoner selections at the Auschwitz-Birkenau camp, which, prior to spring 1943, had been conducted by the camp commander and his subordinates. <mask> insisted upon taking his own personal turn in performing selections, which he could have deferred to physician subordinates. Witness testimony given at the Trial of Adolf Eichmann provided a useful insight into how the SS approached the issue of how to record the deaths of Auschwitz prisoners (this did not include those who had been immediately selected for gassing – their admission was simply not recorded in the death registers). Those who died while imprisoned at Auschwitz were always recorded as having died from natural causes and never from being executed or murdered. <mask> was promoted to SS-Sturmbannführer (major) in September 1944. Following the evacuation of Auschwitz in January 1945 he was transferred, along with many other former Auschwitz personnel, to the Mittelbau-Dora concentration camp in Thuringia.<mask> would again hold the post of chief camp physician until Mittelbau-Dora's evacuation in April 1945. Capture and suicide
<mask> was captured by the Allies at the end of the war and held in custody by British forces. Later, on 20 September 1945, knowing that he would face trial for war crimes, <mask> committed suicide by hanging. Summary of SS Career
Robert Jay Lifton has said that
. . . <mask> was significantly immersed in Nazi ideology in three crucial spheres: the claim of revitalizing the German race and Volk; the biomedical path to that revitalization via purification of genes and race; and the focus on the Jews as a threat to this renewal, to the immediate and long-term "health" of the Germanic race. While <mask> did not absolutize these convictions in the manner of Mengele — they were in him combined with a strong current of medical humanism — his commitment to the Nazi cause was probably no less strong . . .

Perhaps illustrative of Wirths' commitment to medical 'leadership' was his tendency while at Auschwitz to drive about in a car flying a Red Cross flag as well as his enthusiasm for acting as a marriage counselor and personal adviser to other SS personnel.According to Helgard Kramer, Wirths
. . . first seized on a career as a military doctor and officer in the German elite troops of the SS, because he desperately wanted to become a member of the upper class; eventually to provide his future wife with a "decent marriage". To reach that goal he had to become a "tough man"...

SS ranks and awards
Ranks
September 1942, Promotion to SS-Hauptsturmführer
September 1944 Promotion to SS-Sturmbannführer
Final rank in the SS: SS-Obersturmbannführer

Awards during SS career
 War Merit Cross 1st Class With Swords
Iron Cross 2nd Class 1939
DRL-Sports Badge in Bronze
German Sosial Wellfare Medal 2nd Class
Eastern Front Winter Medal

See also
 Hans Münch
 List of people who died by suicide by hanging

References

 Hermann Langbein, (2004) People in Auschwitz. North Carolina: The University of North Carolina Press Chapel Hill & London in association with the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Dr. Robert J. Lifton, (1986) THE NAZI DOCTORS: Medical Killing and the Psychology of Genocide. New York: Basic Books. University of Linz: SS-DOCTOR DR. EDUARD WIRTHS
 Dr. E.W.J.Pearce, (1996) "Antigone: An Exercise in Medical Ethics" in History and Philosophy of Medicine  Newsletter  published by  the University of Kansas Medical Centre. Transcript (in German) of the documentary Film (1975) "Dr. <mask> – Standortarzt von Auschwitz" by Dutch film makers Roland Orthel and others. Webster University, Nazi Doctors & Other Perpetrators of Nazi Crimes  at www.webster.edu
 Holocaust at www.shoa.de
 Shoa.de - <mask> (1909-1945) at www.shoa.de
 Helgard Kramer, "The ‘Doubled Self’ of SS Doctors at Auschwitz Revisited" Paper presented at the 25th Annual Scientific Meeting of the International Society of Political Psychology (ISPP) in Berlin, July 16–19, 2002. Healing-Killing Conflict: <mask>

1909 births
1945 suicides
Auschwitz concentration camp personnel
Mittelbau-Dora concentration camp personnel
Physicians in the Nazi Party
Nazi human subject research
Nazis who committed suicide in prison custody
Neuengamme concentration camp personnel
People from Würzburg (district)
SS-Sturmbannführer
People from the Kingdom of Bavaria
Nazis who committed suicide in Germany
Suicides by hanging in Germany
Waffen-SS personnel

masks:
Eduard Wirths
Wirths
Eduard Wirths
Eduard
Eduard
Eduard Wirths
Wirths
Wirths
Wirths
Wirths
Wirths
Wirths
Wirths
Wirths
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Eduard Wirths
Eduard Wirths
Eduard Whs


title: Albert P. Li

texts:
<mask><mask> is president and CEO of In Vitro ADMET Laboratories (IVAL), Columbia, Maryland, and Malden, Massachusetts. For the past three decades, <mask> has devoted his scientific career to the advancement of scientific concepts and technologies to accurately predict human drug properties. His research is focused on the development and application of human-based in vitro experimental systems in drug discovery and development. He is a pioneer in the isolation, cryopreservation, and culturing of human hepatocytes and their application in the evaluation of drug metabolism, drug-drug interactions, and drug toxicity. Early life and education
<mask> was born and raised in Hong Kong. He attended St Francis Xavier College, where he excelled, particularly in the sciences. After being awarded a scholarship from the University of Wisconsin in 1969, he immigrated to the United States and in 1972 obtained a bachelor's degree in chemistry, with a minor in biology.He went on to complete a PhD in biochemical sciences in 1976 at the University of Tennessee, working with the Biology Division of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. <mask> also holds an executive MBA from the University of Maryland, College Park (2002). Career
<mask> has held a variety of research and teaching positions throughout the biomedical field. After graduating from the University of Tennessee, <mask> took up a post as a research scientist and assistant professor at the University of New Mexico's Cancer Research and Treatment Center (1977–1979). This was followed by a position as associate scientist and group leader in cellular and genetic toxicology with the Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute (1979–1982). From there, <mask> joined the Monsanto Company as a senior research toxicologist. He stayed with Monsanto until 1993, eventually becoming senior fellow and head of two departments – Liver Biology and Pharmokinetics, Bioanalytics, and Radiochemistry.Other notable positions include director of the Surgical Research Institute of the St. Louis University School of Medicine (1993–1995) and chief scientific officer of In Vitro Technologies, Inc. (now owned by Celsis), Baltimore, Maryland (1998–2002). In addition to his work in the industry, <mask> has also taken on a variety of academic positions, including distinguished visiting professor at the Institute of Chemical Carcinogenesis (Guangzhou Medical College), adjunct professor of pharmacology and physiology (St. Louis University Medical School), and affiliate professor of chemical engineering (Washington University, St. Louis). IVAL
In 2004, <mask> founded In Vitro ADMET Laboratories (IVAL), a product supplier and preclinical contract research organization. Specializing in in vitro testing, IVAL provides products and services to pharmaceutical development laboratories across the globe. After establishing IVAL, <mask> was the first to report successful cryopreservation of human hepatocytes to retain their viability, functions, and ability to be cultured (plateable cryopreserved human hepatocytes). <mask> and his researchers have developed numerous hepatocyte-based assays, including higher throughput assays for P450 inhibition, time-dependent inhibition, P450 induction, cytokine suppression of ADME gene expression, and in vitro hepatotoxicity. IdMOC
In 2007, <mask> patented the Integrated Discrete Multiple Organ Co-Culture system (IdMOC), a method that models in vivo multiple-organ interaction in vitro.This cell culture system is based on the "wells-in-a-well" concept and offers a far more complete experimental system than traditional isolated cell culture platforms, which use only one cell type. It consists of a testing plate with multiple, inner wells grouped within a surrounding chamber. Individual wells can be seeded with cell types from different organs. They are then covered and connected by an overlying medium, allowing well-to-well communication, while keeping the individual cell types separate. The IdMOC system is patented internationally. Publications
<mask> has published over 160 research articles, book chapters, and reviews and co-edited 5 books in toxicology and drug-drug interactions. He is on the editorial board for various journals, including Current Drug Metabolism, Drug Metabolism Letters, Chemico-Biological Interactions, Journal of Toxicological Sciences, and Toxicology and Cell Biology.Notable publications include:
 <mask>. P. (2005) Preclininical in vitro screening assays for drug-like properties. Drug Discovery Today 2, 179–195. <mask>, A. P. (2008) In vitro evaluation of metabolic drug-drug interactions: concepts and practice. In A.P. <mask> (Ed. ), Drug-drug Interactions in Pharmaceutical Development (1–30). New Jersey: John Wiley and Sons.<mask>, A. P. (2009) Evaluation of luciferin-isopropyl acetal as a CYP3A4 substrate for human hepatocytes: effects of organic solvents, cytochrome P450 (P450) inhibitors, and P450 inducers. Drug Metab Dispos. 37(8),1598-603. <mask>, A. P. (2009) Metabolism Comparative Cytotoxicity Assay (MCCA) and Cytotoxic Metabolic Pathway Identification Assay (CMPIA) with cryopreserved human hepatocytes for the evaluation of metabolism-based cytotoxicity in vitro: proof-of-concept study with aflatoxin B1. Chem Biol Interact. 179(1), 4–8. <mask>, A. P. and Doshi U.(2011) Higher Throughput Screening Assays for CYP3A4 Inhibition and Induction in Human Hepatocytes. J. Biomol. Screen. 16(8), 903–909. <mask>, A. P. and Doshi U. (2011) Higher Throughput Screening Assays for Time-Dependent Inhibition of CYP3A4 in Human Hepatocytes. Drug Metabolism Letters 5(3), 183-191(9).<mask>, A. P., Uzgare A., LaForge Y. (2012) Definition of metabolism-dependent xenobiotic toxicity with co-cultures of human hepatocytes and mouse 3T3 fibroblasts in the novel integrated discrete multiple organ co-culture (IdMOC) experimental system: Results with model toxicants aflatoxin B1, cyclophosphamide and tamoxifen. Chem. Biol. Interact. 199, (1–8). <mask>, A.P., Yang Q., Vermet H., Raoust N., Klieber S., and Fabre G. (2014) Evaluation of Human Hepatocytes Under Prolonged Culture in a Novel Medium for the Maintenance of Hepatic Differentiation: Results with the Model Pro-inflammatory Cytokine Interleukin 6.Drug Metabolism Letters 8(1), 12–18. <mask>, A. P.  (2012) Editorial: metabolism and drug-drug interaction potential of biotherapeutics. Current Drug Metabolism 13, 881. <mask>, A. P.  (2014) In vitro human hepatocyte-based experimental systems for early identification of drugs and drug candidates with adverse drug properties and biomarker discovery. Biomarkers Med. 8, 1–11. <mask> W.R., Chakraborty M., Korrapati M.C., Morrison J.C., Berkson J.D., Semple K., Chea L.S., Yang Q., <mask>.P., Ryan P.M., Spolski R., Leonard W.J., Bourdi M., and <mask>hl, L.R.(2014)  Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin and Interleukin-4 Mediate the Pathogenesis of Drug-Induced Liver Injury in Mice. Hepatology 60, 1741–1752. Patents
<mask> currently holds six patents:
 Biological Artificial Liver: U.S. Patent No. 5,270,192; filed 02/07/92; allowable June 1993, published Dec. 1993. Artificial liver apparatus and method: U.S. Patent No. 6,858,146; filed 02/20/02; allowed and published Feb. 22, 2005. Cell Culture Tool and Method: U.S. Patent No.US 7,186,548 B2; Date of Patent:  March 6, 2007. Cell Culture Tool and Method: The People's Republic of China Patent No. 626030; Date of Patent:  May 26, 2010. Cell Culture Tool and Method: Japan Patent No. 4609799; allowed in September 2010. Cell Preparation Method: U.S. Patent No. 9,078,430; filed Sept 10, 2013; allowed and published March 12, 2015

References

American people of Chinese descent
Hong Kong people
St. Francis Xavier University alumni
 University of Wisconsin–Madison College of Letters and Science alumni
University of Tennessee alumni
University of Maryland, College Park alumni
University of New Mexico alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
21st-century American biologists

masks:
Albert P
. Li
Li
Albert Li
Li
Li
Li
Li
Li
Li
Li
Li
Li
Li
Li A
Li
Li
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Li
Li
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Li
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Proctor
Li A
Po
Li


title: Ilija Petković

texts:
<mask> (, ; 22 September 1945 – 27 June 2020) was a Serbian footballer and manager. <mask> was capped 43 times for Yugoslavia, participating in the 1968 European Football Championship, and in the 1974 FIFA World Cup where he scored a goal in a big 9–0 win against Zaire. He played much of his career in OFK Beograd, with a mid-career stint playing for Troyes. He began his coaching career in 1990 with his original club, OFK Beograd, and he went on to coach numerous other clubs. He coached his national team three times: first as an assistant from 1997 to 1998, then from 2000 to 2001 and most notably from 2003 to 2006 – including the 2006 FIFA World Cup. Playing career

OFK Beograd
When <mask> left his hometown Knin for the capital city Belgrade, he had not yet decided if he wanted to play football professionally because, in addition to training and playing with OFK Beograd, he simultaneously enrolled in and eventually completed the Economics college. He signed his first professional contract with OFK in 1964.Though the club was even then in the constant shadow of its big city rivals Red Star Belgrade and Partizan, it still managed to put in many memorable league campaigns as well as to win the 1965–66 Yugoslav Cup with a 6–2 final thrashing of Dinamo Zagreb. In 1972, <mask> played as a guest for Uruguayan side Peñarol where he suffered a fracture caused by Nacional defender Juan Mujica. Troyes
According to the strictly enforced sporting rules of communist Yugoslavia, no player was allowed to play for clubs outside the country before reaching the age of 28. <mask> was no different and had to wait until 1973 to complete a move to Troyes AF where he spent three seasons. OFK Beograd again
His second stint with OFK started in 1976 after returning from France at the age of 31. Even at the twilight of his career <mask> managed to be an important contributor to the team. He played until 1983, retiring from the game close to the age of 38.Unfortunately, this time around the team's overall performance wasn't as glowing as was the case during <mask>'s first stint. They constantly hovered around the relegation zone and couldn't avoid the drop in 1979–80 season meaning that <mask> played the 1980–81 campaign in Yugoslav Second League. They quickly gained promotion at the end of that year and played two more seasons in the top flight before being relegated again after 1982–83, <mask>'s last playing season. International career
<mask> debuted for Yugoslavia on 24 April 1968, at the age of 22 when Yugoslavia hosted France at Belgrade's Partizan Stadium in the second leg of the qualifying round quarter-final. The score from the first leg eighteen days earlier in Marseille was 1–1 and qualification was at stake but <mask> scored his first goal in the national team just three minutes in, before adding another one in the 33rd minute as Yugoslavia won 5–1. He went on to play for Yugoslavia at the final tournament in Italy. He also played at the 1974 FIFA World Cup in West Germany, scoring a goal in the group stage 9–0 victory over Zaire.Coaching career

FR Yugoslavia
<mask> was named as an assistant to Slobodan Santrač in 1997, prior to the 1998 FIFA World Cup. FR Yugoslavia exited the tournament in the Round of 16 to the Netherlands which was labelled a disappointing result, leading Santrač and the entire coaching staff (including <mask>) to resign after the tournament. In July 2000, <mask> became the head coach of FR Yugoslavia after their exiting from UEFA Euro 2000 in the quarter-final to the Netherlands by a score of 6–1 and the subsequent dismissal of head coach Vujadin Boškov. <mask> started off well with a 2–1 away win in a friendly against Northern Ireland and a 2–0 win against Luxembourg in a 2002 FIFA World Cup qualifier. As the Football Association was getting ready to choose a new president in January 2001, <mask> resigned from his post citing the departure of outgoing FA president Miljan Miljanić as the reason. Serbia and Montenegro
In July 2003, <mask> was named as the head coach of the Serbia and Montenegro national team by FA president Dragan Stojković. <mask> managed to lead the team through 2006 World Cup qualifying in impressive fashion, with Serbia and Montenegro allowing only one goal in twelve matches.However, the team's showing at the World Cup final tournament in Germany was disastrous, with three losses from three matches including a 0–6 defeat at the hands of Argentina. Furthermore, <mask> caused controversy ahead of the tournament when he named his son Dušan in the final squad as a replacement for the injured Mirko Vučinić, a move that triggered widespread outrage and condemnation. Dragan Stojković (at this time the president of Red Star Belgrade) criticized <mask> publicly. Faced with the barrage of criticism, <mask>'s son withdrew from the squad which meant that, since the squad list was already submitted, FIFA didn't allow a replacement to be named so Serbia and Montenegro ended up being the only nation at the World Cup with 22 players in the squad instead of 23. In late December 2009, <mask> accused Stojković of starting the media smear campaign against him back in late May 2006 before the World Cup. <mask> claimed that he refused to name some Red Star players in the final squad that the club was looking to sell at a better price by having them showcased at the World Cup, all of which prompted Stojković's ire, with Stojković denying the claims. Death
<mask> died on 27 June 2020, in Belgrade after being hospitalized with a duodenal ulcer and becoming infected with COVID-19 amid the COVID-19 pandemic in Serbia.He is interred in the Alley of Distinguished Citizens in the Belgrade New Cemetery. Honours

Player
OFK Beograd
 Yugoslav Cup: 1965–66

Manager
Servette
 Swiss National League A: 1993–94

Individual
 Serbian Coach of the Year: 2005

References

External links

 Profile on Serbian National Team page

1945 births
2020 deaths
Sportspeople from Knin
Serbs of Croatia
Serbian footballers
OFK Beograd players
ES Troyes AC players
Ligue 1 players
Expatriate footballers in France
Yugoslav football managers
Serbian football managers
Serbia and Montenegro football managers
Serbia and Montenegro national football team managers
Serbia national under-20 football team managers
OFK Beograd managers
Aris Thessaloniki F.C. managers
Al Ahli SC (Doha) managers
UEFA Euro 1968 players
1974 FIFA World Cup players
2006 FIFA World Cup managers
Yugoslav footballers
Yugoslavia international footballers
Servette FC managers
Incheon United FC managers
Gyeongnam FC managers
Serbian expatriates in South Korea
Expatriate football managers in Greece
Expatriate football managers in South Korea
Expatriate football managers in Switzerland
Expatriate football managers in China
Association football midfielders
Shanghai Shenhua F.C. managers
Deaths from ulcers
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Serbia
Burials at Belgrade New Cemetery
Serbian expatriate football managers

masks:
Ilija Petković
Petković
Petković
Petković
Petković
Petković
Petković
Petković
Petković
Petković
Petković
Petković
Petković
Petković
Petković
Petković
Petković
Petković
Petković
Petković
Petković
Petković
Petković
Petković


title: Wolf Singer

texts:
<mask> (born 9 March 1943) is a German neurophysiologist. Life and career
<mask> was born in Munich and studied medicine at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU Munich) from 1965 onwards (as a scholarship holder of the German Academic Scholarship Foundation) and 1965/66 two semesters at the Sorbonne in Paris. In 1968, he received his Ph.D. from Ludwig Maximilian University with his doctoral thesis on "The role of telencephalic commissures in bilateral EEG-synchrony." His doctoral supervisor was Otto Detlev Creutzfeldt of the Max Planck Institute for Psychiatry. During his advanced training in neurophysiology, he spent a year at the University of Sussex in England. In 1970 he received his medical licence as a physician while working as a doctor at the University Hospital Munich. In 1975, he habilitated in Physiology at the Medical Faculty of the Technical University of Munich.In 1981, he was appointed a member of the Max Planck Society and Director of the Department of Neurophysiology at the Max Planck Institute for Brain Research in Frankfurt am Main. Here, together with Walter Greiner and Horst Stöcker, he founded the Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies (FIAS) as well as the Brain Imaging Center (BIC) in 2004 and the Ernst Strüngmann Science Forum and the Ernst Strüngmann Institute (ESI). He is an honorary professor of physiology at the Goethe University Frankfurt. Since 2011 he has the status of an emeritus and as such continues to operate the "Singer-Emeritus-Department" at MPI Frankfurt. <mask> is the father of brain researcher and cognitive scientist Tania <mask>. Work
The aim of the work of his neurophysiological department is to elucidate the neuronal processes in the case of so-called higher cognitive performance, such as in the case of visual perception, in memory, or in other ways of cognition. In his institute, among other things, the emergence of visual disorder amblyopia is also being studied.In the neurophysiological research community, <mask> is internationally known for his research and reflections on the physiological basis of attention and identification procedures. The institute, with its technically elaborate experiments, is primarily concerned with the binding problem, where the question is at the center of how different sensory aspects of an object – form, color, hardness, weight, smell, etc. - can be combined into a single object experience. The theory is based, among others, on the works by Christoph von der Malsburg. It attaches great importance to the temporal synchronicity of neuronal activity in the cortex. Corresponding oscillator frequencies of the nerve cells would then refer to the same object, while other frequencies would mark other objects. <mask> represents a naturalistic interpretation of neurophysiological data and strives to make the results of brain research known to the public.<mask> is a board member of the Mind & Life Institute. Free will and guilt
<mask>, like Gerhard Roth, became the focus of public discussions in Germany through interviews, lectures and popular science essays regarding the consequences of neurological research to political and juridical, psychological and developmental psychology, pedagogical or anthropological, as well as architectural or urban questions and even to historical and philosophical views. His thesis on the free will was particularly controversial. <mask> declined to speak of a free will. This he expressed publicly in an article published in the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung in 2004, whose subtitling he made in the slightly modified formulation "Brain structures determine us: We should stop talking about free will" as the main title of the reprinting of an extensive scientific contribution to the discussion "Brain as a Subject? (Part I)" in the German Journal of Philosophy. <mask> argues that the natural scientific causal model, according to which the world is to be viewed as a closed deterministic whole, excludes freedom.Proponents of the concept of freedom as Peter Bieri argue, however, that the notion of freedom of will is only under certain conditions contrary to determinism and that these assumptions need not to be accepted. <mask> also demands that the lack of free will must have consequences for our conceptions of guilt and punishment: if no one can decide freely from a scientific point of view, it is not useful to make people responsible for their actions. Socially intolerable persons would have to be "locked away" and "subjected to specific educational programs". In 2004, <mask> was one of the authors of Das Manifest, a declaration of eleven leading neuroscientists on the presence and future of brain research, published in the magazine Gehirn & Geist. Honors and awards
<mask> received many honors for his scientific work, including the Ernst Jung Prize for Science and Research, the Neuronal Plasticity Prize, the Zülch Prize, the Max Planck Prize for Public Relations, the Hessian Cultural Prize, the Communicator Prize of the Stifterverband für die Deutsche Wissenschaft, honorary doctorates of the Carl von Ossietzky University in Oldenburg and the Rutgers University, New Jersey, the Körber European Science Prize and the Medaille de la Ville de Paris. Since 1998 he has been a member of the German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina and since 2003 of the German Academy for Language and Literature. He was also honored in France becoming a knight of the National Order of the Legion of Honour (Chevalier of the Légion d'honneur).In 1992, <mask> was appointed a lifelong member of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences in Rome. In 2002, he received the Ernst Hellmut Vits Award from the Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität in Münster (Westphalia). <mask> was a member of the Advisory Board of the Giordano Bruno Foundation until 2012. He is a member of the Board of Trustees of the Hertie Foundation. Since 2007 he has been a foreign member of the Russian Academy of Sciences. He is also a member of the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities and a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. In 2011, he received the Officer's cross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany.In the same year Pope Benedict XVI appointed him as a member of the Pontifical Council for Culture. In 2013, the Leopoldina distinguished him with the Cothenius medal. In 2014, he was elected to the European Molecular Biology Organization. Publications
Selected articles
Oscillatory responses in cat visual cortex exhibit inter-columnar synchronization which reflects global stimulus properties, Nature, 1989. Stimulus-specific neuronal oscillations in orientation columns of cat visual cortex, National Academy of Sciences, 1989. Synchronization of cortical activity and its putative role in information processing and learning, Annual review of physiology, 1993
Visual feature integration and the temporal correlation hypothesis, Annual review of physiology, 1995. Neuronal synchrony: a versatile code for the definition of relations?Neuron (Elsevier), 1999. Dynamic predictions: Oscillations and synchrony in top–down processing, Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 2001. Books
Neurobiology of Human Values, Springer, 2005,
Dynamic coordination in the brain: from neurons to mind, MIT Press, 2010,
Interdisciplinary Anthropology: Continuing Evolution of Man, Springer, 2011,
Vom Gehirn zum Bewusstsein ("From brain to consciousness"), Suhrkamp, 2006. Hirnforschung und Meditation: Ein Dialog ("Brain research and meditation: a dialogue"), Unseld, 2008. Der Beobachter im Gehirn: Essays zur Hirnforschung ("The observer in the brain – essays"), Suhrkamp, 2013. References

External links
<mask> Singer Emeritus Group
Society of Neuroscience – <mask> (PDF)

1943 births
Living people
German physiologists
German neuroscientists
Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich alumni
Goethe University Frankfurt faculty
Technical University of Munich faculty
Officers Crosses of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
Members of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences
Chevaliers of the Légion d'honneur
Fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science
Foreign Members of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Foreign associates of the National Academy of Sciences
Physicians from Munich

masks:
Wolf Joachim Singer
Singer
Wolf Singer
Singer
Singer
Singer
Singer
Singer
Singer
Singer
Singer
Wolf Singer
Singer
Singer
Singer
Wolf
Wolf Singer


title: David T. Beito

texts:
<mask><mask> (born 1956) is a historian and professor of history at the University of Alabama. <mask> is the founder and one of the key contributors to the group weblog Liberty and Power, which is located at the History News Network. He manages the Facebook group for classical liberal and libertarian historians, Cliolibertarian. Biography
<mask> was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota. He received a B.A. in history from the University of Minnesota in 1980 and a Ph.D in history from the University of Wisconsin–Madison in 1986. Since 1994, he has taught at the University of Alabama, where he is a professor in history.He married Linda Royster <mask> on June 11, 1997 and they live in Northport, Alabama. <mask>'s research covers a wide range of topics in American history including race, tax revolts, the private provision of infrastructure, mutual aid, and the political philosophies of Zora Neale Hurston, Rose Wilder Lane, and Isabel Paterson. <mask> has published in the Journal of Interdisciplinary History, Journal of Policy History, Journal of Southern History, and Journal of Urban History among other scholarly journals. He has received fellowships from the Earhart Foundation, the John M. Olin Foundation, and the Institute for Humane Studies. He writes frequently on current controversies related to academic freedom and academic standards including the speech code issue, the Academic Bill of Rights and grade inflation. He is a former president of the Alabama Scholars Association. In February 2007, <mask> was appointed to chair the Alabama State Advisory Committee of the United States Commission on Civil Rights.In April, 2008, the Committee had an open meeting at the 16th Street Baptist Church in Birmingham which focused on eminent domain as a possible civil rights issue. It followed this up with another open meeting in April 2009 in Montgomery. Witnesses alleged that the city of Montgomery has arbitrarily used "eminent domain through the back door" (via selective use of nuisance and blight laws) to demolish buildings owned by minorities and the poor. These allegations generated stories by ABC News, Fox News, and other outlets. Books
 Taxpayers in Revolt: Tax Resistance during the Great Depression, University of North Carolina Press (Chapel Hill), 1989. From Mutual Aid to the Welfare State: Fraternal Societies and Social Services, University of North Carolina Press (Cambridge), 1992. Black Maverick: T. R. M. Howard's Fight for Civil Rights and Economic Power (University of Illinois Press), 2009,
 T.R.M.Howard: Doctor, Entrepreneur, Civil Rights Pioneer (Oakland: Independent Institute), 2018. , the second edition of Black Maverick, with the same text plus foreword and afterword

Edited books
 The Voluntary City: Choice, Community, and Civil Society, University of Michigan Press for The Independent Institute (Ann Arbor), 2002. Selected articles and chapters in collections
  Selling Laissez-faire Anti-Racism to the Black Masses" Rose Wilder Lane and the Pittsburgh Courier. Independent Review 15. (Fall 2010), 279–294. Let Down Your Bucket Where You Are':The Afro-American Hospital and Black Health Care in Mississippi, 1924–1966, Social Science History 30 (Winter 2006), 551–69. Blacks, Gun Cultures and Gun Control: T. R. M. Howard, Armed Self Defense, and the Struggle for Civil Rights in Mississippi, The Journal of Firearms and Public Policy (September 2005). Isabel Paterson, Rose Wilder Lane, and Zora Neale Hurston on War, Race, the State, and Liberty,, Independent Review 12 (Spring 2008).T. R. M. Howard: Pragmatism over Strict Integrationist Ideology in the Mississippi Delta, 1942–1954, Glenn Feldman, ed., Before Brown: Civil Rights and White Backlash in the Modern South, University of Alabama Press (Tuscaloosa), 2004. T. R. M. Howard: A Mississippi Doctor in Chicago Civil Rights, A.M.E. Church Review (July–September 2001), 51–59. "Rival Road Builders: Private Toll Roads in Nevada, 1852–1880," Nevada Historical Society Quarterly 41 (Summer 1998), 71–91. "From Privies to Boulevards: The Private Supply of Infrastructure in the United States during the Nineteenth Century" in Jerry Jenkins and <mask>, eds., Development by Consent: The Voluntary Supply of Public Goods and Services, San Francisco: ICS Press, 1993, 23–48. The Formation of Urban Infrastructure through Non-Governmental Planning: The Private Places of St. Louis, 1869–1920, Journal of Urban History 16 (May 1990), 263–301. "Gold Democrats and the Decline of Classical Liberalism, 1896–1900," Independent Review 4 (Spring 2000), 555–75. "The Christian Conservative Who Opposed the Vietnam War"  History News Network, August 21, 2006.Why It's Unlikely the Emmett Till Murder Will Ever Be Solved, History News Network
 Why the '60 Minutes' Story on Emmett <mask> Was a Disappointment,  History News Network, May 6, 2005. The Grim and Overlooked Anniversary of the Murder of the Rev. George W. Lee, Civil Rights Activist  History News Network, May 6, 2005. The AHA's Double Standard on Academic Freedom (with Ralph E. Luker, and Robert K. C. Johnson) Perspectives, March 2006. Reviews of <mask>'s work and interviews
 Mark Bauerlin, "Demanding Rights, Courting Controversy: A Flamboyant Civil-Rights Leader – Doctor, Orator, Activist-Finally Gets His Due", The Wall Street Journal, August 6, 2009. "Six Questions for <mask>, Author of Black Maverick", by Scott Horton, Harper's Magazine, June 11, 2009. References

External links
 T. R. M. Howard Webpage
 Liberty and Power Group Blog

Living people
American bloggers
American book editors
American libertarians
American political writers
American male non-fiction writers
Libertarian historians
Historians of the United States
Earhart Foundation Fellows
University of Alabama faculty
Writers from Minneapolis
University of Minnesota College of Liberal Arts alumni
University of Wisconsin–Madison College of Letters and Science alumni
1956 births
21st-century American historians
21st-century American male writers
21st-century American non-fiction writers
American male bloggers
Historians from Minnesota
Historians from Alabama

masks:
David T
. Beito
Beito
Beito
Beito
Beito
Beito
Beito
David Sisk
Till
Beito
David Beito