title: Uriah P. Levy

texts:
<mask> (April 22, 1792 – March 26, 1862) was a naval officer, real estate investor, and philanthropist. He was a veteran of the War of 1812 and the first Jewish Commodore of the United States Navy. He was instrumental in helping to end the Navy's practice of flogging, and during his half-century-long service prevailed against the antisemitism he faced among some of his fellow naval officers. An admirer of Thomas Jefferson, <mask> purchased and began the restoration of Monticello in the 1830s; he also commissioned and donated a statue of Jefferson that is now located in the Capitol Rotunda; it is the only privately commissioned artwork in the Capitol. Early years

<mask> was born on April 22, 1792, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania to Michael and <mask>. He had two older siblings. <mask> was close to his maternal grandfather, <mask>, who had emigrated to the United States in 1756 from Germany, and fought with the Philadelphia militia in the American Revolution.His maternal great-great grandfather, Dr. Samuel Ribeiro Nunes, a Portuguese physician, was among a group of 42 Sephardic Jews who escaped the Spanish Inquisition of the early 16th century and migrated to England, where they settled. Descendants of that group sailed from London in 1733 and helped found the city of Savannah, Georgia, where they lived for generations. <mask>'s younger brother was <mask> <mask>, who became a merchant and sea captain. He was the father of five, including the Congressman Jefferson Monroe <mask>. <mask> ran away from home at the age of ten and ended up serving on various vessels as a cabin boy, and according to family stories, returned home to Philadelphia at age 13 for his bar mitzvah. Naval career
In 1806, he apprenticed as a sailor and was a cabin boy. Later he became a sailing master in the U.S. Navy, and fought in the Barbary Wars.At the age of 21, he volunteered for the War of 1812 and was commissioned as a sailing master on October 21, 1812. He was a supernumerary sailing master on the , which interdicted British ships in the English Channel. The Argus seized more than 20 vessels before being captured on August 14, 1813; her captain was killed, and the crew, including <mask>, were taken prisoner. They were imprisoned by Great Britain for sixteen months until the end of the war. During his captivity, <mask> had difficulty obtaining a subsidy and parole because his status as a supernumerary was not understood by the British Transport Board. Upon returning to the United States, <mask> served aboard the  as second master. <mask> was promoted to the rank of lieutenant in 1817.This commission was a rare feat, given that he started as a cabin boy and worked his way to being a sailing master. He became a master commandant in 1837, and captain in 1844. During his service in the U.S. Navy, <mask> faced considerable antisemitism. He reacted to slights and was court-martialed six times, and once demoted from the rank of Captain. Twice, he was dismissed from the Navy, but reinstated. He defended his conduct in his handling of naval affairs before a Court of Inquiry and in 1855 was restored to his former position. Later, <mask> commanded the Mediterranean Squadron.As a squadron commander he was given the title of commodore, then the highest position in the U.S. Navy. <mask> was instrumental in abolishing flogging in the U.S. Navy, although his position was considered controversial at the time. He also helped gain the support of the U.S Congress in passing an anti-flogging bill in 1850. <mask> spent only 16 years of his 49-year naval career in active service. The rest of time, he was listed as "waiting orders", meaning that he could be called to serve at any time. Although <mask> served during the first year of the American Civil War, he was not given an active assignment at that time. <mask> became wealthy by investing in New York City's real estate market.Philanthropic activities
<mask> undertook various philanthropic endeavors, many of which were in support of Jewish-American life. In 1854 he sponsored the new Jewish seminary of the B'nai Jeshurun Educational Institute in New York. In 1833, New York City gave <mask> the Key to the City after he presented the city with a patinated plaster statue of Thomas Jefferson, the one used to cast the bronze version he gave to the U.S. Congress. Before the statue was set up in New York City Hall, <mask> installed it in a building on Broadway and charged admission to view it. The proceeds were used to buy bread for the city's poor. Monticello

<mask> was a great admirer of Thomas Jefferson:

I consider Thomas Jefferson to be one of the greatest men in history, the author of the Declaration and an absolute democrat. He serves as an inspiration to millions of Americans.He did much to mould our Republic in a form in which a man's religion does not make him ineligible for political or governmental life. Monticello was sold by Jefferson’s heirs (his daughter, Martha Jefferson Randolph and her son, Thomas Jefferson Randolph) to James Turner Barclay, a Charlottesville pharmacist,in 1831. In 1834, <mask> bought it from Barclay for $2,700  Monticello—which is equivalent to $ in today's dollars. <mask> undertook to have the long-neglected home repaired, restored, and preserved. He also bought hundreds of additional acres that had been part of the plantation, to add to what was left. <mask> used Monticello as a vacation home. From 1837 to 1839, his widowed mother <mask> lived there until her death; she is buried along Mulberry Row, the main plantation street adjacent to the mansion.Upon his death in 1862, <mask> left Monticello to the American people to be used as an agricultural school for the orphans of Navy warrant officers. Because of the American Civil War, Congress refused to accept the donation. The Confederate government seized and sold the property; lawyers for <mask>'s estate recovered the property after the war. Following two lawsuits by family members over <mask>'s will, with 47 parties to the suit, in 1879 his nephew Jefferson Monroe <mask> bought out the other heirs for $10,050, and took control of Monticello. He had it repaired and restored. He sold it in 1923 to the Thomas Jefferson Memorial Foundation, which has renovated and restored the property as a house museum. The <mask> family's role in preserving Monticello was downplayed by the Thomas Jefferson Foundation through much of the 20th century, which Urofsky suggests was due to anti-Semitic views among some of its board and members.In 1985, the Thomas Jefferson Foundation restored the gravesite of <mask> and honored descendants of the family in a ceremony at Monticello. The Foundation also celebrates the roles of <mask> P<mask> and Jefferson Monroe <mask> in helping preserve and restore Monticello, including on-site information about their roles. Jefferson statue
In another tribute to Jefferson, <mask> commissioned a bronze statue of the President from the noted sculptor <mask>-Jean David d’Angers in Paris. The statue depicts Jefferson holding a quill pen in his right hand and an etched copy of the Declaration of Independence in his left. <mask> presented a black-painted plaster model of the Jefferson statue to the City of New York on February 6, 1833. The city gave him a gold snuff box in appreciation. That statue was placed on the second floor of the Rotunda at City Hall in Manhattan, and moved into the ornate City Council Chamber in the 1950s.It was moved from the Chamber on November 22, 2021, and loaned to The New-York Historical Society . <mask> had donated the bronze statue to Congress in 1834. The statue, which once stood on the White House North Lawn from 1834 to 1873 and currently stands in the Capitol Rotunda, is the only privately commissioned piece of artwork in the Capitol. Personal life
<mask>'s brother, <mask> <mask>, served as the fifth president of the Washington Hebrew Congregation in Washington, DC from 1857 to 1858. At the age of 61, <mask> married his 18-year-old niece Virginia Lopez, whose father had recently died. According to biographer Marc Leepson (Saving Monticello, 2001), <mask> "was following an ancient, if obscure, Jewish tradition that obligates the closest unmarried male relative of a recently orphaned or widowed woman in financial difficulties to marry her." (See also letter, levirate marriage)

<mask> died on March 26, 1862, and was buried in Beth Olam Cemetery, Ridgewood (Queens), associated with the Spanish and Portuguese Synagogue.He was one of the ranking officers of the Navy at the time of his death. Dates of Rank
Sailing Master – 21 October 1812
Lieutenant – 5 March 1817
Master Commandant – 9 February 1837
Captain – 29 March 1844

Legacy and honors

1942, the Cannon class destroyer escort, the  was named in his honor. At the conclusion of World War II, the <mask> hosted the U.S. representative for the surrender of Wake Island. 1959, <mask> Chapel, the Jewish Chapel at Naval Station Norfolk, Norfolk, Virginia is renamed in his honor. 1988, listed in the Jewish-American Hall of Fame
2001, the Thomas Jefferson Foundation published The <mask> Family and Monticello 1834–1923, a history of the <mask> family's nearly century-long contributions in saving Monticello. 2005, the Commodore Uriah P. <mask> Center and Jewish Chapel opened at the United States Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland, which is named in his honor. 2011 A statue of Uriah P<mask> by the Russian sculptor <mask> was dedicated on December 16, 2011, outside Mikveh Israel Synagogue on Independence Mall in Philadelphia.The statue pedestal was designed by John Giungo. Published works

 (Google eBook)

See also

Monticello
United States Naval Academy

Footnotes

References

Bibliography

American Jewish Year Book, 1902–3, pp. 42–45. Marc Leepson Saving Monticello: The Levy Family's Epic Quest to Rescue the House That Jefferson Built, Free Press, 2001; University of Virginia Press (paperback), 2003. Further reading

Leepson, Marc. Saving Monticello: The Levy Family's Epic Quest to Rescue the House that Jefferson Built. New York: Free Press, 2001.External links
Saving Monticello web site
Uriah P. <mask> Collection at the American Jewish Historical Society, New York, New York. 1792 births
1862 deaths
Jewish American military personnel
American human rights activists
American people of Portuguese-Jewish descent
American Sephardic Jews
Burials at Beth Olom Cemetery
People from Pennsylvania in the War of 1812
Military personnel from Philadelphia
Thomas Jefferson
United States Navy admirals
United States Navy commodores
United States Navy ship names
Monticello

masks:
Uriah Phillips Levy
Levy
Levy
Rachel Phillips Levy
Uriah Levy
Jonas Phillips
Levy
Jonas Phillips
Levy
Levy
Levy
Levy
Levy
Levy
Levy
Levy
Levy
Levy
Levy
Levy
Levy
Levy
Levy
Levy
Levy
Levy
Levy
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Rachel Levy
Levy
Levy
Levy
Levy
Levy
Rachel Levy
Uriah
. Levy
Levy
Levy
Pierre
Levy
Levy
Levy
Jonas Phillip
Levy
Levy
Levy
Levy
Levy
Commodore Levy
Levy
Levy
Levy
. Levy
Gregory Pototsky
Levy


title: Benjamin Clementine

type: original

texts:
<mask> (; born 7 December 1988) is a British poet, vocalist, composer, musician and actor. <mask>'s debut album At Least for Now won the 2015 Mercury Prize. In February 2019 he was named a knight of the Order of Arts and Letters by the French government, in recognition of his contribution to the arts. Born and raised in London, England, <mask> later moved to Paris, France, becoming homeless as a teenager. There, his performances helped him to become a cult figure in the music and art scene. Moving back to London, he made his TV debut on the BBC programme Later With Jools Holland in 2013. A number of critics described him as becoming one of the great singer-songwriters of his generation and the future sound of London, whilst struggling to place his music in any one genre.Considered by The New York Times as one of the 28 geniuses who defined culture in 2016, Clementine's compositions are musically incisive and attuned to the issues of life but also poetic, mixing revolt with love and melancholy, sophisticated lyricism with slang and shouts, and rhyming verse with prose monologues. He moved to popular art music, breaking free from traditional song structure, inventing his own dramatic and innovative musical territory. He is noticeably seen topless and barefoot onstage, dressed entirely in black or dark grey, with a long, wool trench coat. Early life
The youngest of five children, <mask> grew up in a middle-class family in Edmonton, London, with his strict Roman Catholic grandmother. After she died, he moved in with his parents. His older brother Joseph was fond of music philosophy, science, and English literature, and would point out different types of books and dictionaries for him to read. Joseph bought a piano when Clementine was 11, and when he had finished his daily practice <mask> would play it.Eventually his brother's acquired taste for the piano diminished and he moved on to another instrument giving Clementine more time to continue playing. He had discovered such a strong propensity to music that his father, who always intended for him to study law, had reason to be alarmed. He strictly forbade him to meddle with any musical instrument but Clementine found means to get a little keyboard privately conveyed to a room at the top of the house where he played when his parents went to work. Clementine could not read music, but in a few months he started imitating the work of fin-de-siècle composer Erik Satie and Claude Debussy, learned from listening to Classic FM after "becoming bored" with pop music, and continued to play discreetly for the next five years until his parents' divorce. Relocation to Paris
Clementine left school at 16 after failing most of his GCSEs, passing only English literature, following which he had a dispute with his family and ended up in Camden Town, London, homeless and in psychological and financial difficulties. Although it was not a premeditated plan, he relocated to Paris at age 19, where he spent a number of years busking and playing in bars and hotels in Place de Clichy while sleeping on the streets. Occasionally, he applied for jobs cleaning kitchens but was never successful.He eventually moved to a hostel in Montmartre, where he paid €20 to live in a ten-man bunk-bed room. He preferred to sleep in the lower beds to enable him to hide his belongings underneath. Clementine eventually bought a half-broken guitar and a cheap keyboard. For the next three years he wrote and composed songs. Clementine managed to stay out of trouble as he spent his nights performing and his days composing and writing, becoming a cult figure in the Parisian music scene. After four years of living as a vagabond, he was discovered by an agent whilst walking back home from an evening performance and they arranged a meeting for the next day. The agent introduced him to a friend, Matthieu Gazier, later on becoming Clementine's manager for a period of time.In 2012, whilst playing a gig at the Festival de Cannes they met Lionel Bensemoun, a business mogul in France. Through him, they decided to set up the record label 'Behind' so that Clementine could record his music. He eventually came to the attention of the French press, who described him as "" ("the English revelation of the "Francofolies" festival"). He was then invited to the Rencontres Trans Musicales of Rennes in France in December 2012 where he performed for the first time on a large stage and played four nights consecutively. Clementine eventually signed a joint music license contract between Capitol, Virgin EMI and Barclay. Difficulties
Before Clementine signed a major deal he closely met and worked with a French tour agent with his independent label in Paris and embarked on a brief European tour playing in high-profile festivals as the Montreux Jazz Festival, the Montreal Jazz Festival in Canada; and Eurosonic Festival, of which Rob Van Der Zwaan writing for podium.info described him as one of the highlights. As a result, the North Sea Jazz Festival in 2013 booked Clementine to play.He failed to attend. According to Clementine, he was kicked off the train en route to Rotterdam for being unable to show a valid ticket. He didn't have enough money due to not getting paid by his then-tour agent. Clementine later stated that he had attempted to travel by foot to Rotterdam, after assuming the city was close by. However, the journey was in fact 45 km, which was considerably longer than he had estimated. He had tried to stop passers by while walking along the motorway, but nobody would stop and help. It took him about 10 hours to complete the journey and he arrived at his destination with bleeding toes.When he set off walking he was wearing slippers, but at some point decided to carry on walking barefoot. Despite this, two years later he was offered another spot at the same festival. In 2014, during the shooting of his music video for "At Least for Now", Clementine fell on a pile of stones in Ireland, badly injuring his elbow, then later cut a toe whilst walking on stones. In March 2015, whilst performing in the middle of a concert in Paris, he cut a finger open and started to bleed, but kept on playing until an audience member threw tissues on the stage. He later cynically remarked: that's what happens when you fall in love; you get hurt. Early recordings

Cornerstone EP, Glorious You EP
Clementine's first EP, Cornerstone, was released in June 2013 with three studio tracks. It was re-issued in October 2013 with three additional acoustic tracks recorded for Deezer, a web-based music streaming service.In the same month, on an episode of the BBC television show Later With Jools Holland that also included performances by Paul McCartney, Earth, Wind and Fire, Gary Clark Jr. and the Arctic Monkeys, he performed the EP's title track. The appearance drew strong critical praise, with Paul McCartney encouraging Clementine to continue his musical career. The London Evening Standards David Smyth, reviewing a gig at the South Bank Centre, said that <mask>'s performance reminded him of Nina Simone, particularly as he had covered her hit "Ain't Got No, I Got Life" in a radically different style. Clementine announced further tours, both solo and supporting Cat Power at the Brighton Dome, including an appearance at the O2 Academy in Brixton and at the Rencontres Trans Musicales festival in Rennes, France, where he worked on a special show and performed four nights. Andy Gill on the Independent album review wrote:

Studio albums

At Least for Now

<mask> initially wanted to record his debut album, At Least for Now, straight after his first EP, Cornerstone, but due to contractual dealings with the music industry and his label it was strategically held back for almost two years. During that time he decided to write his own dictionary, as well as a collection of poetry and classical music pieces. At Least for Now was mainly released across Europe on 12 January 2015.On 13 February 2015 it reached the iTunes Top 10 in Italy, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Belgium, Luxembourg Poland and Greece. In England, it won the prestigious Mercury Music Prize. At Least for Now largely received critical acclaim. The album holds a 75 out of 100 rating based on 19 critical reviews indicating "generally positive reviews" from Metacritic. David Simpson from The Guardian gave the album 3 stars out of 5, describing the debut as "fascinating but flawed", explaining that it  "benefits from the bravery and adventurousness Clementine honed while tackling audiences aboard Parisian trains." Regarding <mask>'s vocals, Simpson said: "Channelling influences such as Erik Satie and Antony Hegarty, <mask> is reminiscent of Kevin Rowland in that he sounds as if he is singing from the gut, and because he has to. If only he had Rowlands' economy: mannered vocal flourishes complicate the melodies when what's needed is simplicity.The addition of syrupy strings and pedestrian drumming further dilutes the impact of his raw talent. However, when he performs unadorned, melodies dripping from his fingertips, and letting fly from the heart, his voice is difficult to forget." Phil Mongredien, also reviewing for The Guardian, gave the album 4 stars out of 5, writing that "for the most part these piano-led songs sound unique, the lonely despair of Cornerstone and the arresting lyricism of Condolence signalling an exciting new talent." I Tell a Fly

Accompanied by a video shot by photographer Craig McDean and filmmaker Masha Vasyukova published earlier than its official release on 30 June 2017, <mask> composed Phantom of Aleppoville after being affected by the writing of pioneering British psychoanalyst Donald Winnicott. He wrote extensively about children who have experienced bullying in the home and at school, discovering that while the trauma was naturally not comparable in scale to that suffered by children displaced by war, its effects followed similar patterns. Seeing in Winicott's writing a mirror of his own childhood experiences, Clementine chose the title – the "little city of Aleppo" – to symbolise a place where children encounter such bullying. Says Clementine, "Aleppoville is a place where many are bullied if not all, but no one understands nor see why; Phantom".I Tell a Fly finds <mask> exploring new musical territory on the heels of his Mercury Prize-winning debut, At Least for Now (2015). At Least for Now stretched itself across a series of piano ballads with unorthodox structures; I Tell a Fly brings a sense of theatricality and power by using whirling, interwoven instruments throughout the uncompromising release. While at Least for Now looked inward and backward, <mask>'s follow-up looks outward and forward-to a changing world, ancient struggles and the individual response. In conversation with David Renshaw, <mask> explains that the origin of I Tell a Fly lies in a disarmingly strange line Clementine found in his American visa: "an alien of extraordinary abilities." He explains, "I was baffled for about ten minutes when I first saw that visa. But then I thought to myself, I am an alien. I'm a wanderer.In most places I've been, I've always been different. And so I began to think about the story of a couple of birds, who are in love: one is afraid to go further, and the other is taking a risk, to see what happens." On I Tell a Fly, Clementine uses his personal history as a prism through which to view the world around him (and attempt to make sense of both), musically exploring unknown territories while maintaining a lifeblood that could not be mistaken for the work of anyone other than him. Artistry

Voice
Clementine is a spinto tenor. His voice has been described as warm and graceful, with a bright, full timbre, that ranges from approximately E2-C#6. Writing for The Quietus, Calum Bradbury-Sparvell described Clementine's voice as having the "expressive but exact enunciation of a stage actor, which allows his lyrics to spill and scatter out of sync with his hands in a way which warrants the endless Nina Simone comparisons." He went on to write: "Yet as an atypical singer-songwriter with a strong sense of grandeur, an impressively broad tenor range and more than a dash of dark humour, he also resembles Rufus Wainwright".Interviewing <mask> for The New York Times, David

<mask> is a multi instrumentalist and cites a broad range of musical influences: Claude Debussy, Erik Satie, Leonard Cohen, Leo Ferré, Nina Simone, Jake Thackray, Jimi Hendrix, Serge Gainsbourg, Aretha Franklin, Lucio Dalla, Giacomo Puccini, Luciano Pavarotti, Maria Callas, Georges Brassens and Frédéric Chopin. In a 2015 interview he listed Simone, Nick Cave and Tom Waits as his heroes. Clementine had little exposure to music whilst growing up and is self-taught. In his teens he had caught avant-garde French composers like Erik Satie and Claude Debussy. These influences inspired him to create his own material. He accompanies on hypnotic piano vamps with mostly minimal instruments ranging from little voice breaths, a brushing of coat for percussion as in his song "Edmonton", to a vicious string stride confrontation in his song "Adios". Poetry
Clementine states he has mainly been influenced by confessional poets like Sylvia Plath as well as writers such as William Blake, Carol Ann Duffy, James Baldwin, the philosopher John Locke and C. S. Lewis.In an interview with the broadsheet newspaper The Times with Ed Potton, Clementine expressed his feelings of hating the works of William Shakespeare as a child as it was all his teachers always taught him so he preferably went to his local library to read the other William, William Blake. Whilst in Paris, he discovered French poets such as Charles Baudelaire, Paul Verlaine and Arthur Rimbaud including poet-singers such as Leo Ferré, Georges Brassens, Jacques Brel and Charles Aznavour with whom he sang and recorded the song 'You've got to learn'. It is Paris where <mask> discovered Nina Simone. He delivers his introspective lyrics about integrity and vulnerability and explores both in everyday experience. One of his frustrations after returning to the UK was how little ambition he thinks there is in British song lyrics compared to his experience of French music. Talking to The Guardian journalist Tim Lewis, he said, "it's very important down there (France) because most of the time they [the audience] pay more attention to what the singer says and what they are trying to express." In his song "Winston Churchill's boy", he rewrites and repurposes the words of Winston Churchill, lamenting "never in the field of human affection had so much been given for so few attention".Writing for The Quietus, Calum Bradbury-Sparvell described the song in the context of <mask>'s debut album as "a melodramatic beginning which harks back to the alienation he felt from family and friends on the eve of his emigration to the City of Light," going on to write: "For a Gallic darling, Clementine certainly gazes wistfully across La Manche a lot and one senses that, despite the obvious French influences, there is more of the spurned Londoner in him than the flâneur. Image
Mostly playing on stage entirely in black or dark long trench-like woollen coats with no shirt underneath, in barefoot, Clementine's distinctive androgynous appearance, square-cut, angular padded clothing, manner, and height of 193 cm (6'4) is uniquely known at least as much as he is for his art. In March 2015 Clementine was listed as one of the fifty best-dressed by the Financial Times. Clementine collaborated multiple times with Christopher Bailey. On 17 June 2014 Clementine performed three songs live throughout the Burberry Prorsum Menswear Catwalk show - the first musician to perform live throughout a Burberry show. He performed again on the Burberry menswear show in January 2016. In April 2016, his song "I Won't Complain" was chosen for the Mr. Burberry ad, directed by Oscar-winning director Steve McQueen.Performance and appearances
On 17 July 2014, <mask> performed at the Montreux Jazz Festival. An album was scheduled to be released in 2014, but Clementine instead released his second EP, Glorious You, on 25 August 2014. On 12 October 2014, Clementine performed and spoke at the Observer Ideas at the Barbican Centre, a festival to share ideas to the public, in a line up that included Edward Snowden, David Simon, creator of the HBO series The Wire, and musician Tinie Tempah. <mask> was nominated for the 2015 Mercury Prize and subsequently won. He dedicated his award to the memory of the victims of the terrorist attacks in Paris during the previous week. On 12 February 2016, <mask> announced a tour of Europe and the United States. <mask> portrayed the Herald of the Change, a minor character, in the 2021 film Dune.Personal life
Although heterosexual, <mask> has recalled experiencing homophobic bullying at school from pupils who considered him effeminate. <mask> is married to British singer-songwriter Flo Morrissey, and the couple had their first child Julian Jupiter Richard Sainte-Clémentine on Christmas Day 2017. A daughter, <mask>, was born on 29 October 2019, in Ojai, California. Discography

Albums

EPs

Singles

As featured artist

Filmography

Television appearances

References

External links

1988 births
Living people
English male singer-songwriters
English pianists
English people of Ghanaian descent
Expressionist music
21st-century pianists
Black British musicians
21st-century British male singers

masks:
Benjamin Sainte Clémentine
Clementine
Clementine
Benjamin Clementine
Benjamin
Clementine
Clementine
Clementine
Clementine
Clementine
Clementine
Clementine
Clementine
Clementine
Instruments Clementine
Clementine
Clementine
Clementine
Benjamin Clementine
Clementine
Clementine
Clementine
Clementine
Helena Clementine


title: Clara Ward, Princesse de Caraman-Chimay

texts:
<mask> (17 June 1873 – 9 December 1916) was a wealthy American socialite who married a prince from Belgium. The story of <mask>, who commonly used one or another version of the title "Princesse de Caraman-Chimay", is poorly known today, but for some years in the early 1890s she was the toast of the United States. During the late 1890s and the Edwardian years, she spent much time in both the society and gossip columns of two continents. She was widely known, envied and admired, desired, loathed and reviled. Early life
<mask> was born in Detroit, Michigan, the daughter of Captain Eber Brock Ward (1811–1875) and his second wife, Catherine Lyon, a niece of Senator <mask>. A wealthy man, often stated to be Michigan's first millionaire, E.B. Ward had holdings in Great Lakes steamships; lumbering at Ludington, Michigan; iron and steel manufacturing at Wyandotte, Michigan, Leland, Michigan, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, and Chicago, Illinois; and silver mining in Colorado.He manufactured the first Bessemer steel to be made in the United States at his plant in Wyandotte. Ward was president of the Flint and Pere Marquette Railroad from 1860 until his death on 2 January 1875 in Detroit. Captain Ward died when <mask> was less than two years old. The mill and timber holdings at Ludington passed into the hands of <mask>'s mother and were managed by her brother, Thomas R. Lyon, as the firm of Thomas R. Lyon, Agent. As a child, <mask> and her mother periodically visited Ludington to see their kin and inspect the mills. First marriage
She came to the public's attention in 1889 or early 1890, when it was announced that a distinguished Belgian visitor to the United States, the Prince of Caraman-Chimay, a member of the Belgian Chamber of Deputies, had proposed marriage to the very young, very attractive daughter of a very wealthy family. The Château de Chimay is in the county of , Belgium, near the French border.The holder of the title "Prince of Caraman-Chimay" did so rightfully and possessed a long and proper noble pedigree. This princely title was of the "foreign prince" type of the old French monarchy, in which "Prince" is a noble rank rather than a method showing the degree of relationship to the crown. The wife of that sort of prince becomes a "Princess", and so <mask> became, entirely legitimately, a European princess. That her husband-to-be was more than twice her age, quite poor, and even, perhaps, not very handsome, seems to have been of minor consequence. They were married on 20 May 1890, in Paris. <mask> was married at age 16 and her husband was 31. Ward was now properly styled "Princesse de Caraman-Chimay", but usually went by "<mask>, Princess of Chimay".Americans were ecstatic about their new princess. (The first American princess had been Catherine Willis Gray, great-grandniece of George Washington, who married a nephew of Emperor Napoleon, Prince Achille Murat of Naples, in 1826; Baltimore heiress Betsy Patterson had previously married Napoleon's brother Jérôme (later King of Westphalia) in 1803, but Napoleon annulled the marriage within a few years.) In 1891 she was the subject of a portrait by G.P.A. Healy, today in the collection of the Illinois State Museum in Springfield. Two children shortly followed the marriage:
 Marie Elisabeth Catharine Anatole <mask>, Comtesse de Caraman-Chimay (1891–1939)
 Marie Joseph Anatole Pierre Alphonse <mask>, Prince de Caraman-Chimay (1894–1920)

There is evidence that she and the Prince favored the more prestigious Parisian restaurants with their patronage. Specifically, the great chef Escoffier named both Oeufs à la Chimay and Poularde Chimay after Princess <mask>. Second marriage

Some time after the birth of their second child, in early November 1896, the Prince and Princess Chimay were dining in Paris, at what may be expected to have been a suitably elegant establishment.Present at the restaurant was a Hungarian, Rigó Jancsi, who eked out a living providing Gypsy music. (Being Hungarian, "Rigó" was the gentleman's family name meaning "blackbird", and "Jancsi" his given name − it is the Hungarian version of "Johnny".) Rigó was a Gypsy violinist (he is sometimes listed as a chef but it is not true.) After a series of secret meetings, Ward and Rigó eloped in December 1896. To her family's consternation, the Ludington Record of 24 December 1896 carried a news service dispatch about the elopement with a woodcut illustration of Ward and the headline "Gone With a Gypsy". It was stated that Prince Joseph would at once institute divorce proceedings against his wife. Subsequent editions of the newspaper carried brief notices as to where Ward and Rigó had been reported seen during their trek across Europe to Hungary.In Budapest a well-known cube-shaped chocolate sponge cake and chocolate cream pastry was named Rigó Jancsi after the scandalous affair Ward and Rigó were having. The Prince and Princesse de Caraman-Chimay were divorced on 19 January 1897. The new couple married, probably in Hungary. Some accounts indicate that they soon moved to Egypt, where <mask> taught her husband the intricacies of reading and writing. Not too surprisingly, <mask>, still usually called the Princess Chimay, soon found her resources dwindling. The never-very-full Chimay coffers were certainly closed to her, and although Ward was resourceful, her American family had to intervene from time to time to straighten out her tangled finances. Her main talents were being beautiful by the standards of the time, and being famous.She combined the two by posing on various stages, including at least the Folies Bergère and probably also the Moulin Rouge, while wearing skin-tight costumes. She called her art-form her poses plastiques. <mask> Toulouse-Lautrec made a scarce lithograph of her and Rigó in 1897, "Idylle Princière". She was often photographed, and featured on many postcards during the Edwardian period, sometimes in a pose plastique and sometimes in more or less conventional dress. Kaiser Wilhelm II is said to have forbidden the publication or display of her photograph in the German Empire because he thought her beauty "disturbing". Later life
Perhaps the income from this odd occupation was sufficient for the couple to live reasonably well. The idyll was not to last, Rigó being unfaithful to her.They were divorced fairly soon after their marriage, either shortly before or after Ward met her next love, one Peppino Ricciardo, sometimes stated to have been Spanish, but who was most likely Italian. He is believed to have been a waiter whom she met on a train. They married in 1904, but Peppino Ricciardo probably did not last long. The timing is vague, but Ward's next love, and her last husband, is thought to have been a station manager of the little Italian railroad that helped visitors tour Mount Vesuvius, a Signor Cassalota. Ward is believed to have still been married to her fourth husband when she died in Padua, Italy, on 9 December 1916, aged 43. It was not until some three years after Ward's death that her first husband, Prince Joseph <mask> of Chimay and Caraman, finally remarried — to a young lady who had only been a few months old when he and <mask> originally married. Legacy
Marcel Proust was fond of <mask>.Marthe Bibesco wrote in her memoir, Au Bal avec Marcel Proust, that her cousin, Antoine, who exchanged letters with Proust, received one in which he mentioned that he still felt fondly for Ward and continued to write to her. In fact, Proust based a character in À la recherche du temps perdu (English: "In Search of Lost Time") on <mask>: that of a cousin of the Baron Charlus. The major character of the Duchesse <mask>tes was chiefly based on <mask>'s first sister-in-law, Elisabeth, who became the Comtesse <mask>reffulhe after her marriage. The character of Simone Pistache in the film version of Cole Porter's musical Can-Can was based in part on <mask>. In the film, set in Paris in 1896, Shirley MacLaine as Pistache dances in a skin-tight, flesh-colored costume like that favored by Ward. See also
 Rigo Jancsi Celebration Cake

References

General references
Cleveland Amory, Who Killed Society?, p. 234. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1960."Gone With a Gypsy", news dispatch in the Ludington Record, December 24, 1896. Luman W<mask>, Lumber, Lath and Shingles, pp. 54–55. Detroit: Privately printed, 1954. Written by a childhood acquaintance of Ward's who died in 1947. George W. Hotchkiss, History of the Lumber and Forest Industry of the Northwest, pp. 715–716.Chicago: George W. Hotchkiss & Company, 1898. History of Manistee, Mason and Oceana Counties, Michigan, pp. 50–51. Chicago: H.R. Page & Co., 1882. The National Cyclopedia of American Biography, Vol. XIII, p. 125.New York: James T. White & Company, 1906. Cornelia Otis Skinner, Elegant Wits and Grand Horizontals, p. 220. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1962. Charles Richard Tuttle, General History of the State of Michigan, pp. 157–159. Detroit: R.D.S. Tyler & Co., 1873.External links

 The Chateau of Chimay and Hainaut, Belgium
 Toulouse-Lautrec's "Idylle Princière"

1873 births
1916 deaths
People from Detroit
American socialites
Belgian princesses
Princesses by marriage
American expatriates in Belgium
American dancers

masks:
Clara Ward
Clara Ward
Clara Ward
Benjamin Wade
Clara
Clara
Clara
Clara
Clara
Clara
de Riquet
de Riquet
Clara
Clara
Clara Ward
Henri de
de Riquet
Clara
Clara
Clara Ward
de Guerman
Clara Ward
de G
Clara Ward
. Goodenough


title: Judy Ho

texts:
<mask> (commonly known as Dr. <mask> or Dr. <mask>), is a triple board-certified and licensed clinical and forensic neuropsychologist, media personality, motivational speaker, clinical researcher, and published author, born in Taipei, Taiwan with dual U.S. citizenship. Dr. <mask> regularly appears on national television and radio broadcasts as a psychology expert, panelist, narrator and host. She co-hosted Season 12 of The Doctors, preceded by hosting the CBS syndicated talk show Face The Truth (2018) alongside Vivica Fox, being a recurring panelist (over 200 episodes) on The Dr. Drew Show (2013-2016). She currently hosts the Podcast SuperCharged Life with Dr. <mask>, Her podcast is aimed at doling out scientific, practical tips for people to improve their lives in all areas, including healthy living, kicking bad habits, mental and physical wellness, productivity, motivation, and relationships. Dr. <mask> maintains a private practice based in Los Angeles, CA, while working as a tenured associate professor of psychology at Pepperdine University Graduate School of Education and Psychology (since 2010). Early life
Born in Taipei, Taiwan Dr. <mask> is fluent in Mandarin and moved with her family to the United States when she was nine-years-old. She is the older sister to <mask>, a noted professional poker player.Education and accreditation
Dr. <mask> attended the University of California, Berkeley where she received a BA in psychology and a BS in business administration. She completed her MS and PhD in clinical psychology through a joint doctoral program at UC San Diego School of Medicine and San Diego State University. Her three-year postdoctoral fellowship in child psychiatry was sponsored by the National Institute of Mental Health at the University of California, Los Angeles Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior. She is a two-time recipient of the National Institute of Mental Health Services Research Award (2004, 2008) a.k.a. the Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Award. In 2016 she received the Provost's Research Award, and created an evidence-based psychoeducational support program to help new mothers in low-income communities learn effective skills to combat postpartum depression, in partnership with WIC (Women, Infants, and Children). Licensed by the California Board of Psychology in 2009, and having received her board-certification by the American Board of Professional Psychology in 2011, Dr. <mask> became double-board certified through the National Board of Forensic Evaluators in 2015, upon earning her diplomate as a Board Certified Forensic Mental Health Evaluator (CFMHE).In  2019 she received her third board certification (ABPdN) through the American Academy of Pediatric Neuropsychology. Career
In addition to her private practice in Manhattan Beach, CA, Dr. <mask> simultaneously teaches psychopathology, treatment methods, and statistical analyses to doctoral and master psychology students at Pepperdine University as a tenured associate professor, hosts an active research lab, and serves on a number of committees. She is the founder and executive director of the STAGES Project, a not-for-profit prevention program for at-risk youth, which utilizes arts and music as a therapeutic intervention for at-risk students. In 2016, <mask> created and implemented PEP4SAFE, a scientifically-driven, no-cost psychoeducational program for parents and teachers in various school districts of Los Angeles, CA, for which she acts as the Principal Investigator. Areas of expertise
Dr. <mask> specializes in comprehensive psychological testing, cognitive behavioral therapy, dialectical behavior therapy, acceptance and commitment therapy, and behavior management. Areas of expertise include: depression and anxiety issues, childhood and adult ADHD, youth behavioral issues, personality disorders, co-occurring alcoholism & substance use disorders, and learning disorders & cognitive dysfunction. As a Certified Forensic mental health evaluator (CFMHE), she is retained as an psychological expert witness in civil and criminal cases, conducting forensic evaluations and testifying for both the prosecution/plaintiff and the defense.Consulting work
Dr. <mask> has served as a forensic and/or neuropsychological consultant for multiple national organizations and treatment centers, including the National Institute of Mental Health's Community Partners in Care Project (2008-2011), Centers for Disease Control's Legacy Project (2011-2015), the Los Angeles County Department of Mental Health (2011–present), Kaiser Permanente (2013–present), Promises Treatment Center (2013-2017), Bridges to Recovery (2011–2020), Clearview Treatment Centers (2012–2019), Pure Recovery California (2016–2018), Milestones Ranch Malibu (2017–present), and the Center for Professional Recovery (2017–2018). She serves on many board of directors, including Board Chair on the ABPP Examination Committee (2016–present), Treasurer and Board of Directors of the American Academy of Pediatric Neuropsychology, Board of Directors of Girl Scouts of Greater Los Angeles, and Chair of the Pepperdine University  Graduate and Professional Schools Institutional Review Board (IRB). Author
On August 20, 2019, <mask>'s first book Stop Self-Sabotage: Six Steps to Unlock Your True Motivation, Harness Your Willpower, and Get Out of Your Own Way was published by HarperCollins. Dr. <mask> has regularly written and contributed to various print and online publications, offering psychological analysis, professional advice and clinical research to trending news topics and breaking stories, some publications have included Psychology Today, Teen Vogue, Yahoo Lifestyle, Life & Style, Us Weekly, and Bustle Magazine. She also contributes clinical research manuscripts to national and international psychological journals, and has written chapter contributions for mental health textbooks. Television and radio
<mask> lends her forensic and psychological expertise, insight and commentary to a variety of television, radio and media programs. As of 2021, she was featured on Netflix's "Crime Scene: Vanishing at the Cecil Hotel", she frequents CNN,  Access Hollywood, Fox 11 News, and several crime and mystery programs on the Oxygen, HLN and Investigation Discovery channels.Significant televised host and co-host roles have included co-hosting FOX's The Daily Helpline (2014), co-hosting Crime Watch Daily alongside Matt Doran (2016), and being a recurring panelist for four seasons of Dr. Drew On Netflix she appears in several crime, mystery and investigation re-enactment docuseries, including Deep Undercover and Murderous Affairs. The Doctors
After multiple guest appearances on The Doctors Dr<mask> joined the show's cast in 2017, as the resident psychologist and mental health professional, guest co-hosting 82 episodes during Season 10. In 2019, she returned as a host of the show for the 12th season. Face The Truth
Season 1 of the CBS syndicated daytime talk show Face The Truth, produced by Jay McGraw and Stage 29 Productions, premiered nationwide on September 10, 2018, hosted by Dr. <mask>, Vivica A. Fox, Rosie Mercado, Areva Martin, and Judge "Scary Mary" (Mary Chrzanowski). The show aimed to provide conflict resolution for guests facing life and relationship challenges. SuperCharged Life with Dr. <mask>
Season 1 of the Supercharged Life with Dr. <mask> podcast, produced by Stage 29 Podcast Productions, premiered nationwide on March 24, 2021, hosted by Dr. <mask>.The program aims to provide scientific and practical tips to improve lives in areas of health, mental health, work, and relationships. Dr. <mask> interviews inspirational leaders on some of her episodes, and on other episodes provides a solo hosted program delving deeply into  variety of topics and answers listeners' questions. Crime and Investigation
As a clinical and forensic neuropsychologist, certified Forensic Mental Health Evaluator, and with her experience as an expert forensic witness, Dr. <mask> frequently provides forensic analysis and narration on crime/investigative re-enactment programs, including Netflix's Crime Scene: The Vanishing at the Cecil Hotel (2021), multiple episodes of Oxygen's Snapped (2018-2020), multiple episodes of Murder Among Friends (2016-2017), Blood Relatives (2015-2016), Snapped: Killer Couples (2015-2016), Killer Kids (2015), and Wicked Attraction (2013). Reality TV
In 2021, Dr. <mask> appeared on Discovery Channel's Shark Week: Will Smith - Off the Deep End alongside Will Smith, to discuss Will's fears of sharks and why all humans deal with phobias from the perspective of a neuropsychologist and expert in human behavior, with Will overcoming his fear of sharks by the end of the episode. In 2015, Dr. <mask> appeared on season 4 of We TV's Marriage Boot Camp: Reality Stars, as an expert in human behavior and compatibility, to secretly evaluate the relationship interactions of celebrity couples, including The Bachelor's Sean Lowe & Catherine Giudici and Here Comes <mask>o Boo's "Mama June" & "Sugar Bear". She has also been seen as a celebrity therapist on Braxton Family Values (2012). Dr. <mask> is a supporter of the performing arts and has participated in musicals, singing and dance since adolescence.During graduate school she competed, and was a semifinalist, on the sole season of Fame - a NBC reality television talent-contest featuring 24 dancer/singers, hand-picked by producer Debbie Allen. In 2010, while personally attending a taping of The Price Is Right Christmas Eve episode, <mask> was randomly selected to be a contestant and made it to the final showcase portion of the show, where she won double showcases for a total of $101,244 - which tied for the third highest winner in the show's history. Other
Having a long-standing professional friendship with Dr. Drew Pinsky, Dr. <mask> regularly joins him on-air to co-host Dr. Drew Midday Live on KABC 790 radio, which broadcasts in Los Angeles and San Francisco. On the same station, she offers a psychological POV, advice and analysis as a guest expert on the McIntyre In The Morning. In 2018, <mask> filmed a cameo in the J. J. Abrams' feature film The Cloverfield Paradox, as a news pundit (the role was eventually cut out of the final edit).

masks:
Judy Ho
Judy Ho
Judy
Judy
Judy
Judy
Judy
Maria Ho
Judy
Judy
Judy
Ho
Judy
Judy
Ho
Judy
Ho
. Judy
Judy
Judy
Judy
Judy
Judy
Judy
Judy
Judy
Honey Bo
Judy
Ho
Judy
Ho


title: Semih Saygıner

texts:
<mask> (born November 12, 1964), nicknamed Mr. Magic or The Turkish Prince, is a Turkish world champion professional carom billiards player specialized in three-cushion event. Family life
<mask> was born to a tailor father Faruk and a homemaker mother Süreyya in Adapazarı, Turkey on November 12, 1964. He is the fifth of six siblings. His parents were killed in a traffic accident in 1978 when he was 14 years old. <mask> then started playing billiards. He had a good performance in high school but left for depression over the loss of his mother and father. Saygıner opened up a billiards hall, and taught the cue sport.In 1995, he married Aygen Berk, a student of his, the women's billiards champion of Turkey and co-founder of the Turkish Billiards Federation. Their marriage ended a few years later. From 1996 to 1997, he served as the president of the Turkish Billiards Federation. Career
He began playing billiards at age 16, and focused on the cue sport. A year later, he participated at Istanbul Championship, and won his first Turkish title. Ranking many years on the second place at national level, he finally became Turkish champion in 1987. In 1991, he participated at German Open.The next year, he placed world eighth when he defeated world-champion Raymond Ceulemans by 3-0 in Berlin. In 1994, he transferred to the Netherlands Billiards Teams League, one of the most important leagues of billiards. <mask> won the Three-cushion World Cup held 1998 in Antalya after defeating Dutchman Gerwin Walentijn in the final. <mask> won the 1999 CEB European Three-cushion Championship by defeating Dion Nelin of Denmark. He nearly won it again the next year but lost to Daniel Sánchez. He was the first from his country to win that tournament. His countryman Murat Naci Çoklu won the title five years later.In 2003, <mask> won the UMB World Three-cushion Championship defeating of Filippos Kasidokostas of Greece. He is the only Turk ever to win the championship. That same year, he won the last World Three-cushion Championship organized by the Billiards World Cup Association (BWA) beating Dick Jaspers. He and his teammate Tayfun Taşdemir became world champion at the UMB World Three-cushion Championship for National Teams held 2003 in Viersen, Germany. <mask> was named Best Billiards Player 2003 in Antwerp, Belgium on February 7, 2004. <mask> transferred to Portugal playing for FC Porto Billiards team. He captained the team for three years, and won the bronze medal at the 2004–05 European Three-cushion Cup with the team.He is the 25-time winner of Turkish Grand Prix in total. He won the Turkish champion title 14 times in three-cushion. Furthermore, he has ten champion titles in carom billiards in Turkey, as well as one each in cadre 47/2 and one-cushion. In 2006, he ranked at 8th place of the world bests of Union Mondiale de Billard (UMB). His highest average in a match is 3.571 (50 points in 14 innings). In 2009, <mask> signed a contract with the cue-stick producer Longoni. Under the contract, a series of cue sticks that bear <mask>'s name has been available from the company.<mask> announced his retirement from active sports in 2006, continuing to participate only in some international competitions. His last international participation was in 2007. However, he made his comeback in 2015 by winning the Turkish championship again. Following the championship, he was named to take part in the Turkey national team.

masks:
Semih Saygıner
Semih Saygıner
Saygıner
Saygıner
Saygıner
Saygıner
Saygıner
Saygıner
Saygıner
Saygıner
Saygıner


title: Christian Heinrich Erndel

texts:
<mask> (born 1676 in Dresden; died 17 March 1734 Dresden), was a Royal Polish and Electoral Saxon Personal Physician of August the Strong. He was also a botanist and meteorologist in Dresden and Warsaw. Life

Family

<mask> (also Erndl, Erndtel) was the seventh of twelve children, born in 1676 in Dresden. His parents were Dr.  (born 17 June 1638 in Dresden, died 13 September 1693 in Dresden, buried in the Kirche zu unser lieben Frauen there), lord of the manors of  near Dippoldiswalde and Mulda near Freiberg, Royal Polish and Electoral Saxon Personal Physician, married since 4 September 1665 in Dresden to <mask> née Ratke (born 8 July 1642 in Dresden; died 10 June 1685 in Berreuth, a daughter of Martin Ratke, Privy Chamberlain of Johann Georg I, Elector of Saxony and Johann Georg II, Elector of Saxony. Having lost both his parents at a young age, his legal guardian was Johannes Seebisch (born 12 December 1634 in Zwickau; died 1700 in Dresden), who, in 1670, was the archdeacon of the Kreuzkirche and in 1697 the City Minister (Stadtprediger) in Dresden. <mask>'s paternal grandfather, Dr. <mask>. <mask> (born 7 April 1595 in Regensburg; died 25 July 1646 in Oschersleben, interred in the church there) was the Personal Physician to Johann Georg I, Elector of Saxony.Great-grandfather  (baptised on 15 July 1569 in Regensburg; interred on 15 July 1623 in the church in Wolfenbüttel), was the Personal and Court Apothecary in Prague to Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor (died 1612) and Matthias, Holy Roman Emperor (died 1619) who awarded him a Nobility Diploma in 1617. His sister Maria Erndl was the wife of Andreas Raselius Ambergensis and their father was Matthis 'Mattäus' Erndl, the Apothecary at the Kohlenmarkt - later known as the  in Regensburg. <mask>'s Poem of Mourning for his departed father read as follows:

“I have until now never seen anyone of this world die, And must - Oh! First see it happen to my Father!“

As an orphan, both he and his brother, destined to be a major-general, <mask> <mask>, were placed under the legal guardianship of  Johannes Seebisch (born 12 December 1634 in Zwickau; died 1700 in Dresden), in 1670 archdeacon of the Kreuzkirche and in 1697 City Minister (Stadtprediger) in Dresden. <mask>'s brothers-in-law were:
 Johann George Seidel (born 18 February 1658 at Zschopau; died 13 April 1739 at Meißen, interred in the  in Meißen, where he had been a Deacon for many years), husband of Maria Sophia née Erndel;
 the advocate Dr. jur. Caspar <mask> (born 9 July 1663 at Naumburg; died 11 September 1738 at Dresden), interred in the Church at Kötzschenbroda, where he owned a vineyard today known as the , first married to Johanna Sophia née Erndel;
 <mask> August Fischer (died September 1739), Royal Polish and Electoral Saxon State Bursar, Chamber Assistant and Mining Councillor, husband of Christina Sophia née Erndel;
 the Royal Polish and Electoral Saxon Appointed Coin-Minter of the Upper Saxony Region, Johann Georg Schomburg (born about 1672; died October 1745 at Dresden, interred on 9 October 1745 in the Sophienkirche in Dresden) husband of Magdalena Sophia née Erndel. Erndel's wife, Dorothee Salome, died in the Schloßgaße in Dresden and was interred in the Catacombs of the Frauenkirche on 7 September 1755.She was 48 years old and had been a widow for more than 21 years. The couple had no children. Career

Education

A year and two months after his father's passing, <mask> <mask> Dresdensis graduated on 16 November 1694 at Wittenberg University. Thereafter, he studied at Altdorf University, from which he graduated in 1699. On 10 February 1700 <mask>'s Leipzig University dissertation, written in Latin, Dissertationem De Usu Historiae Naturalis Exotico-Geographicae In Medicina, Consensu Inclytissimae Facultatis Philosophicae Lipsiensis, Ad d. X. Februarii A.R.S. M.DCC. Publicae Eruditorum Censurae subiicit, <mask>us Henricus Erndl/ Dresdensis ... Respondente Daniele Kießling/ Budissa-Lus.was published. In Leipzig, on 23 September 1701, he read pro loco for admission to the Faculty of Medicine: Disp. med. ex veneno salutem sistens. Thereafter, he graduated. Personal Physician
<mask> was a Personal Physician to the King of Poland and Elector of Saxony August the Strong. He worked in Dresden and Warsaw.European Tour

<mask> described his experiences during his travels to England and Holland in his book written in Latin: Relatio de itinere suo Anglico et Batavo 1706–7 (published in Dresden in 1710), which was later translated into English as The Relation of a Journey Into England and Holland, in the Years, 1706 and 1707. By a Saxon Physician. He wrote enthusiastically, including about a visit to his relative in Hamburg ,  (born 1664 in Hamburg; died 16 December 1717 in Hamburg), who was a judge at the Lower Court in Hamburg, the Senior Secretary of the free and Hanseatic City of  Hamburg and member of the Fruitbearing Society. In 1699 Hilcken was chosen to be an executor of the estate of Vincent Placcius (born 7 February 1642 in Hamburg; died 6 April 1699 in Hamburg; lawyer, librarian, pedagogue, philosopher author, Professor at the Akademischen Gymnasium) and in 1704 donated his collection of more than 4,000 books to the Hamburg City Library. Hilcken's wife, Christina Maria Hilcken née Daurer (born 4 October 1686 in Stockholm; died 9 July 1715 in Hamburg), was Erndel's 2nd cousin once removed. Through Hilcken, he met the Swedish King's personal physician Urbanus Hiarne during his stay. Naturalist

De flora Japonica, Codice bibliothecae Regiae Berolinensis rarissi was published by Erndel in Dresden in 1716.Thereafter, he moved to Warsaw. Parallel to caring for the monarch's health, Erndel ran a private practice in Warsaw and carried out research in to nature. Apart from his general description of the city, his special area of interest was the flora in the vicinity of Warsaw, especially those on the banks of the Vistula. He collated and published his many years of observations and descriptions of nature in his book, printed in Dresden in 1730, Warsavia Physice Illustrata, Sive De Aere, Aquis, Locis Et Incolis Warsaviae, Eorundemque Moribus Et Morbis Tractatus ; Cui Annexum Est Viridarium, Vel Catalogus Plantarum Circa Warsaviam Nascentium

Warsavia Physice illustrata was the first ever treatise on this subject. The index to plants which Erndel created included more than 900 species. One of the passages concerns the first documented palaeontological studies, which he performed on the banks of the Vistula. The fossils of prehistoric animals that were discovered then, were sent to Dresden, where they formed the core of one of the collections displayed in the Zwinger Palace.He also described his experiences in Warsaw in the accompaniment of  August the Strong. In 1733 <mask> published De plantis circa thermos Teplicenes crescentibus, in the third volume of the Processes of the Academy of the Curiosity of Nature, a catalogue of plants growing in the vicinity of Teplice in Bohemia. First Meteorologist in Warsaw

<mask> was also the first to introduce systematic weather observations in Warsaw. The daily measurements listed by him for air pressure, temperature, wind and clouds during the four-year period from 1725 to 1728, were the first statistics of this nature in the history of the city. Demise
<mask> left Warsaw in 1730, returning  to his place of birth, Dresden. On 17 March 1734 he died as a result of a haemorrhage and was interred on 21 March 1734 in the Fischer family's vault near the Wilsdruffer Tor in the  cemetery. Awards
In 1716 <mask> was elected to membership of the Leopoldina Academy of Sciences.Works
 Dissertationem De Usu Historiae Naturalis Exotico-Geographicae In Medicina, Consensu Inclytissimae Facultatis Philosophicae Lipsiensis, Ad d. X. Februarii A.R.S. M.DCC. Publicae Eruditorum Censurae... - Scholvinius: Lipsiae. 1700. Disputatio Medica [!] Ex Veneno Salutem sistens, Quam Indultu Gratiosissimæ Facultatis Medicæ, Pro Loco In eadem suo tempore otinendo, defendcet D. XXIII. Septembr.M. DCCI. ... <mask> Henricus Erndl, Dresdensis, Philos. & Medic. Doctor, Respondente Tobia Taut, Gedanensi., <mask> Erndtel; Wilhelm Ludwig Daser; Tobias Taut, Lipsiae Scholvien. 1701. C. H. E. D. De Itinere Suo Anglicano Et Batavo Annis MDCCVI et MDCCVII Facto Relatio Ad Amicum D. G. K. A. C. Erndtel, <mask>. [S.l.]: 1710 (The relation of a journey into England and Holland, in 1706, and 1707. 1711 By Ch. Ed. Physician in ordinary to the King of Poland). 1710. De flora Japonica, Codice bibliothecae Regiae Berolinensis rarissi. 1716.Warsavia Physice Illustrata, Sive De Aere, Aquis, Locis Et Incolis Warsaviae, Eorundemque Moribus Et Morbis Tractatus ; Cui Annexum Est Viridarium, Vel Catalogus Plantarum Circa Warsaviam Nascentium. 1730. De plantis circa thermos Teplicenes crescentibus. (Historisch-biographisches Handwörterbuch der denkwürdigsten, berühmtesten  und berüchtigsten Menschen aller Stände, Zeiten und Nationen. Von Karl Florentin Leidenfrost, Zweiter Band, Can–Gz. Ilmenau 1824, Gedruckt und verlegt bei Bernhard Friedrich Voigt. Seite 362) und (Biographie médicale, Band 2 von Antoine Laurent Jessé Bayle, Paris, 1841; Seite 377: Erndtel a publié en 1733, dans le troisieme volume des actes de l’Academie des Curieux de la nature, un catalogue des plantes qui croissent pres de Toeplitz.)1733. Literature
 : Geschichte der kaiserlichen Leopoldino-Carolinischen deutschen Akademie der Naturforscher während des zweiten Jahrhunderts ihres Bestehens. Friedrich Frommann, Jena 1860, S. 207. References

External links
 Warsavia Physice Illustrata
 De flora Japanica

18th-century German botanists
Polish botanists
Czech botanists
18th-century German physicians
18th-century Polish physicians
German meteorologists
Leipzig University alumni
Wittenberg University alumni
University of Altdorf alumni
1676 births
1734 deaths

masks:
Christian Heinrich Erndel
Christian Heinrich Erndel
Sophia Elisabeth Erndel
Erndel
Heinrich II
Erndel
Erndel
Christian Friedrich
Erndel
Erndel
Christian Kober
Christian
Christian Heinrich
Erndelius
Erndel
Christian
Erndel
Erndel
Erndel
Erndel
Erndel
Erndel
Christianus
Christian Heinrich
Christian Heinrich


title: Thomas E. Bramlette

texts:
<mask> (January 3, 1817 – January 12, 1875) was the 23rd Governor of Kentucky. He was elected in 1863 and guided the state through the latter part of the Civil War and the beginning of Reconstruction. At the outbreak of the war, <mask> put his promising political career on hold and enlisted in the Union Army, raising and commanding the 3rd Kentucky Infantry. In 1862, President Abraham Lincoln appointed him district attorney for Kentucky. A year later, he was the Union Democrats' nominee for governor. Election interference by the Union Army gave him a landslide victory over his opponent, Charles A. Wickliffe. Within a year, however, federal policies such as recruiting Kentucky Negroes for the Union Army and suspending the writ of habeas corpus for Kentucky citizens caused <mask> to abandon his support of the Lincoln administration and declare that he would "bloodily baptize the state into the Confederacy".After the war, <mask> issued a general pardon for most ex-Confederates in the state. He opposed ratification of the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments and the establishment of the Freedmen's Bureau in Kentucky. Among his accomplishments not related to the war and its aftermath were the reduction of the state's debt and the establishment of the Kentucky Agricultural and Mechanical College (now the University of Kentucky). Following his term as governor, <mask> returned to his legal practice in Louisville. He died January 12, 1875 and was buried in Cave Hill Cemetery. Early life
<mask><mask> was born on January 3, 1817, at Elliott's Cross Roads in Cumberland (now Clinton) County, Kentucky. He was the son of Colonel Ambrose S. and Sarah (<mask><mask>.His father served two terms in the Kentucky Senate and several terms in the Kentucky House of Representatives. <mask> studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1837 at the age of 20, and began practicing in Louisville, Kentucky. In September of that year, <mask> married Sallie Travis, the first of his two wives. The couple had two children, <mask> and Corinne. <mask>'s political career began in 1841, when he was elected to represent Clinton County in the General Assembly. In 1848, Governor John J. Crittenden appointed <mask> Commonwealth's Attorney. He resigned the position in 1850 to continue his legal practice, relocating to Columbia, Kentucky in 1852.He was the Whig nominee for his district's seat in the House of Representatives in 1853, but was defeated by Democrat James Chrisman. In 1856, he was elected as a judge in Kentucky's 6th Judicial District, serving with distinction for five years. Military service
<mask> resigned his judgeship and accepted a commission as a colonel in the Union Army on August 7, 1861. In violation of Kentucky's agreement to remain neutral in the Civil War, he raised and commanded the 3rd Kentucky Infantry. On September 19, the 3rd Kentucky marched on Lexington to forestall a peace conference scheduled there on September 21 and to arrest the state's junior Senator, John C. Breckinridge. A delay allowed Breckinridge to escape before the arrest was made, and he enlisted in the Confederate Army shortly thereafter. <mask> resigned his military commission on July 13, 1862 at Decherd, Tennessee.He returned to Louisville to accept President Abraham Lincoln's offer to become United States District Attorney for Kentucky. During his tenure in this position, he vigorously enforced Kentucky's wartime laws against Confederates and Confederate sympathizers. Governor of Kentucky
Union Democrats chose Joshua Fry Bell as their candidate for governor of Kentucky in 1863, but Bell was skeptical of Kentucky's future with the Union and withdrew his name from consideration. The party's central committee chose <mask> to replace Bell, and <mask> declined a commission as a brigadier general in the Union Army to make the race. During the election, Union forces intimidated and jailed supporters of <mask>'s opponent, former governor Charles A. Wickliffe. As a result, <mask> carried the election by a margin of nearly 4-to-1. During his term, he turned down an offered seat in the U.S. House of Representatives as well as a nomination to become the Democratic candidate for Vice-President in 1864.Civil War
In December 1863, <mask> addressed the General Assembly, declaring that the state had fulfilled its quota of soldiers for the Union army. January 4 of the following year, he proclaimed that rebel sympathizers would be held responsible for all guerrilla raids in the state, and specified stiff fines and imprisonment for anyone found to be aiding the guerrillas. Although <mask> assumed the governorship as a staunch supporter of the Union cause, within a year he issued a proclamation that he would "bloodily baptize the state into the Confederacy". The reasons for <mask>'s reversal were many. He took issue with General Stephen Burbridge's decision to enlist for United States Colored Troops blacks from Kentucky for military service, asking that this measure only be taken if Kentucky failed to meet her quota. With the goal of enlistment of Kentucky blacks into the Union Army, Lincoln authorized a special census in 1863 which showed 1,650 freemen and 40,000 enslaved males of military age. Presented with this figure, by March 1864, <mask> reluctantly agreed to Black enlistment since white enlistment failed to meet quota.He stipulated that owners must consent and receive $300. By April, enslaved men, despite the stipulation of owner consent and motivated by the prospect for their emancipation,  fled to enlist. This led to a wave of violence towards those seeking enlistment. Given this onslaught, by June 1864 owners’ consent was no longer required, as ordered by Union Army Adj. Gen. <mask>. The situation worsened when on July 5, 1864, President Lincoln suspended the writ of habeas corpus for citizens of the Commonwealth. Burbridge continually menaced Kentucky's citizens, interfering with the presidential election of 1864, and banishing Lieutenant Governor Richard T. Jacob from the state.When the General Assembly re-convened in January 1865, <mask> continued to voice his opposition to the Union's tactics. Nevertheless, he urged passage of the Thirteenth Amendment, maintaining that the institution of slavery was "irrevocably doomed". Reconstruction era
Despite his disagreements with the Lincoln administration, <mask> proclaimed a day of fasting and prayer upon receiving news of Lincoln's assassination. The General Assembly petitioned new president Andrew Johnson to call an end to martial law in the state. The tension between the state and federal governments remained, however. <mask> announced that every "white male citizen" twenty-one years of age who had resided in the Commonwealth for at least two years would be eligible to vote. Spurred on by the Democratic governor's actions, Kentucky gave control of both houses of the General Assembly and five of its nine congressional seats to Democrats.President Johnson received the message, ending martial law and restoring habeas corpus in Kentucky. When the General Assembly convened in December 1865, <mask> sought to restore harmony in the state by issuing pardons to most ex-Confederates. He and the majority of the General Assembly opposed passage of the Fourteenth and Fifteenth amendments, and <mask> protested the establishment of the Freedmen's Bureau in the Commonwealth. <mask> was very proud of those of his accomplishments not related to the Civil War, including the reduction of the state's debt and the establishment of the Agricultural and Mechanical College (later, the University of Kentucky). He supported the construction of turnpikes financed by government bonds, the development of natural resources, and encouraged immigration to obtain adequate labor to support reconstruction efforts. Later life and death

Following his term as governor, <mask> conducted a failed campaign to become a U.S. Senator.He married Mary E. Graham Adams in 1874, two years after the death of his first wife. He returned to his law practice in Louisville, and became a patron of many charitable organizations. <mask> died in Louisville on January 12, 1875 following a brief illness. He is buried at Cave Hill Cemetery in Louisville. See also

Kentucky in the Civil War

References

Bibliography

Further reading

External links

 Biography from Lawyers and Lawmakers of Kentucky

1817 births
1875 deaths
Burials at Cave Hill Cemetery
Governors of Kentucky
Kentucky Commonwealth's Attorneys
Kentucky Democrats
Kentucky lawyers
Kentucky state court judges
Kentucky Whigs
19th-century American politicians
Members of the Kentucky House of Representatives
People from Clinton County, Kentucky
Politicians from Louisville, Kentucky
People of Kentucky in the American Civil War
Southern Unionists in the American Civil War
Union Army colonels
Union state governors
United States Attorneys for the District of Kentucky
Democratic Party state governors of the United States
19th-century American judges
19th-century American lawyers

masks:
Thomas Elliott Bramlette
Bramlette
Bramlette
Bramlette
Bramlette
Thomas E
. Bramlette
Elliott
) Bramlette
Bramlette
Bramlette
Thomas
Bramlette
Bramlette
Bramlette
Bramlette
Bramlette
Bramlette
Bramlette
Bramlette
Bramlette
Bramlette
Bramlette
Bramlette
Lorenzo Thomas
Bramlette
Bramlette
Bramlette
Bramlette
Bramlette
Bramlette
Bramlette
Bramlette


title: J. B. Tanko

texts:
<mask> (April 21, 1906 – October 5, 1993) was a Croat filmmaker who directed O Trapalhão nas Minas do Rei Salomão, one of the biggest cinematic hits in Brazil of all time. He also founded JBTV - J. B. Tanko Filmes Ltda. Biography
<mask> was born on April 21, 1906, in the Croatian city of Sisak. He was passionate about cinema from childhood. In the 1930s, he started working at Sascha-Filmindustrie AG and Wlen-Film GmbH in Vienna, Austria creating Yugoslavian versions of German and Austrian films. He also worked at Tobis Filmkunst, Terra Filmkunst, and UFA in Berlin as an assistant director, participating as part of a team in the 1937 Wien-Film, created by Goebbels.At the beginning of World War II, <mask> took over the Army Documentary Film Department in Belgrade. <mask> filmed the bombing of Belgrade when Yugoslavia was invaded by Germany, fleeing to Berlin with the film. In 1942, <mask> returned to Vienna. ; however, having lost his entire family during the war, he decided to emigrate to Brazil. In 1948, <mask> took up residence in the city of Rio de Janeiro, contributing to the professionalization of Brazilian cinema with his diverse experience. His first work was in Cinelândia Filmes, as assistant director and screenwriter of A Escrava Isaura, an adaptation of <mask>' novel. Without leaving Cinelandia, he also began to work in the Cinematographic Atlântida, where he played several roles, ultimately becoming a director.Having made some dramas that were not successful with the audience, he turned to comedies (chanchadas). In the 1950s, J. B<mask> worked with Watson Macedo and Roberto Farias. In 1955, he began working for Herbert Richers. He directed 18 films for Richers, including a series of comedies starring Ankito, Grande Otelo, Zé Trindade and Ronald Golias. <mask> also continued working on dramas, police films, and movies for children. In 1967, he directed Adoravel Trapalhão, where he met his longtime partner, Renato Aragão.He continued his work, directing eleven episodes for the TV series Os Trapalhões. In 1969, he founded JBTV - J. B. Tanko Filmes Ltda and directed several comedies for teenagers. Working with the team from Os Trapalhões, he directed the film,O Trapalhão nas Minas do Rei Salomão, one of the biggest box offices hits in Brazilian cinema of all time (about 6 million spectators). <mask> has also produced films of other genres, such as the erotic drama As Borboletas Também Amam, with the actress Angelina Muniz, and the musical Vamos Cantar Disco, Baby?, with the ensemble "As Melindrosas." In 1983, he produced the film Perdoa-Me Por Me Traíres, which was directed by the Braz Chediak and was based on the work of Nélson Rodrigues. When Dedé Santana, Zacarias and Mussum separated from Renato Aragão, creating the DeMuZa Produções, J.B. <mask> produced the comedy Atrapalhando a Suate. At the age of 81, he directed his last film, Os Fantasmas Trapalhões, before dying of a heart attack 6 years later, at 87. His son, <mask>, continued his father's craft until his death on July 12, 2006 at the age of 53. 1980 - Atrapalhando a Suate with Renato Aragão and Os Trapalhões
1981 - Os Saltimbancos Trapalhões with Renato Aragão and Os Trapalhões
1982 - Os Trapalhões na Serra Pelada with Renato Aragão and Os Trapalhões
1982 - Os Vagabundos Trapalhões with Renato Aragão and Os Trapalhões
1983 - Perdoa-me por Me Traíres (producer)
1987 - Os Fantasmas Trapalhões with Renato Aragão and Os Trapalhões

Awards
 Areias Ardentes (feature film) - Saci Award, 1952, SP, for Best Screenplay for J. B. <mask>. Sai de <mask>xo (feature film) - Special Award for <mask>, J. B. in the Special Governor Award of the State of São Paulo, 1956, São Paulo - SP.References

External links
 Book: Dicionário de Cineastas Brasileiros, author: Luis Felipe Miranda, publishing: Secretaria de Estado da Cultura, 1990, 408 pages (Google Books)
 Book: Cinema Televisão e Publicidade, author: <mask> Ortiz Ramos, Editora AnnaBlume (Google Books)
 Book: A Odisséia do Cinema Brasileiro, da Atlântida a Cidade de Deus, author: Laurent Desbois, publishing company: Companhia das Letras (Google Books)
 Book: Cinema Brasileiro Volume 1, author: Celso Marconi, publishing company: Edições Bagaço, 2000, 583 pages (Google Books)
 J. B. Tanko in Portal Cinemateca Brasileira
 J. B. Tanko on IMDb

1906 births
1993 deaths
Brazilian film directors
Brazilian film producers
Brazilian screenwriters
Brazilian people of Croatian descent
Writers from Rio de Janeiro (city)
People from Sisak
Croatian film directors
Croatian film producers
Croatian screenwriters
Croatian expatriates
20th-century screenwriters

masks:
Josip Bogoslaw Tanko
Josip Bogoslaw Tanko
Tanko
Tanko
Tanko
Tanko
Bernardo Guimarães
. Tanko
Tanko
Tanko
Tanko
Alexander Tanko
Tanko
Bai
Tanko
José Mario


title: Alexander Rybak

texts:
<mask>  () or <mask> (; born 13 May 1986) is a Belarusian-Norwegian singer-composer, violinist, pianist and actor. Though based in Oslo, Rybak extensively worked on television programmes and on tours in Russia, Belarus, Ukraine and Sweden throughout the early 2010s. Singing in mainly English and Russian, Rybak, in his early twenties, held on to a teen idol status in Scandinavia, Eastern Europe, and to a certain extent in Western Asia. His debut 2009 album, Fairytales, charted in the top 20 in nine European countries, including a top position in Norway and Russia. After two pop albums in 2009 and 2010, Rybak desired to be more of a family-orientated artist, focusing on children's and classical music alongside and frequently performed with youth orchestras throughout the world. Rybak is known for his extensive involvement in the Eurovision Song Contest. Representing Norway in the 2009 contest in Moscow, Russia, he won the competition with 387 points—the highest tally any country has achieved in the history of Eurovision under the then voting system—with "Fairytale", a song he wrote and composed.Winning at the age of 23, <mask> remains the youngest solo male winner of the contest and the only Belarusian-born winner. His win was celebrated all across Europe for crushing stereotypes about the contest, such as needing an over-the-top performance or the negative influence of neighbour voting. Since then <mask> has been involved several times in the contest. He represented Norway again in the Eurovision Song Contest 2018 in Lisbon, Portugal, with the song "That's How You Write a Song", winning the second semi-final and finishing in 15th place in the Grand Final. He provided as an opening act to the Grand Final in 2010 and as an interval act in 2012 and 2016. <mask> has frequently provided commentary on the contest, working as a journalist in 2011, as once-off judge on the Belgian preselection in 2016 and as commentator on his personal social media. Early life
<mask> was born in Minsk, Belarus, which at that time was the Belarusian SSR in the Soviet Union.His parents and most of his other family hail from the town Vitebsk, in Northern Belarus. His father <mask>, a well-known classical violinist who performed alongside Pinchas Zukerman, defected to Norway in 1991 after a concert tour of a Belarusian chamber orchestra of which he was part of. Rybak's father lived with a musical family who gave him shelter and food in exchange for violin lessons for their son. <mask> and his mother <mask> (née Gurina), who worked as a music journalist and a piano teacher, arrived in Norway on a tourist visa and were initially refused a residence permit. Eventually, the <mask> family settled in Nesodden in the early 1990s. <mask> and his family received Norwegian citizenship after seven years of residing in Norway. At the age of five, Rybak began to play piano, but eventually picked up violin as his main instrument.He stated "I always liked to entertain and somehow that is my vocation". He became a student at the Barratt Due Institute of Music in Oslo at the age of 10. As a result of his success in the 2009 Eurovision Song Contest he took a break from his bachelor's degree studies at the institute, but in 2011 he returned to his studies and in June 2012 he graduated from the institute with a Bachelor of Music in violin performance. Career
In 2004, Rybak was awarded the Anders Jahre Culture Prize presented to him by Viktoriya <mask> at the annual culture festival in Madrid, Spain. In 2005, he entered the Norwegian version of Idol, Idol: Jakten på en superstjerne, reaching the semifinal. In 2006, Rybak won Kjempesjansen ("The Great Opportunity"), a talent competition hosted by the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation (NRK), with his own song, "Foolin". Rybak has collaborated with artists such as a-ha's lead singer Morten Harket and Arve Tellefsen.In 2007, Rybak played the fiddle in Oslo Nye Teater's production of Fiddler on the Roof and won the Hedda Award for this role. Eurovision 2009

Rybak won the 54th Eurovision Song Contest in Moscow, Russia, with a record 387 points, singing "Fairytale", a song inspired by Norwegian folk music. The song was composed and written by Rybak and was performed with the modern folk dance company Frikar. The song received good reviews with a score of 6 out of 6 in the Norwegian newspaper Dagbladet, and, in an ESCtoday poll, he scored 71.3%, making him the favourite to get into the final. In the 2009 Norwegian national heats, Rybak achieved a clean sweep, gaining the top score from all nine voting districts and ending with a combined televote and jury score of 747,888, while the runner up, Tone Damli Aaberge, received a combined score of only 121,856 (out of a total population of less than 5 million)

The song then competed in the second semi-final and won the place in the Eurovision final. Rybak later won the Eurovision final with a landslide victory, receiving votes from all the other participating countries. Rybak finished with a total of 387 points, breaking the previous record of 292 points scored by Lordi in 2006 and scoring 169 points more than the runner-up, Iceland.After Eurovision, film and the first album

<mask>'s first album, Fairytales, was released after his Eurovision win. <mask> also co-stars as Levi in the film Yohan directed by Grete Salomonsen, which was released in March 2010. <mask> also went on a tour in Norway with former Norwegian Eurovision winner Elisabeth Andreassen, something that had been decided before his Eurovision win and participation. He and Frikar also toured Norway and Europe in 2009. In a December 2009 performance of his hit "Fairytale" at the Nobel Peace Prize Concert, held at the Oslo Spektrum, Rybak shared the stage with nine other acts. EMI Norway has just released a film entitled Fairytale, the movie, directed by acclaimed Norwegian director, Rune Langlo, documenting the journey of <mask> since claiming the top prize for Norway in Moscow. In 2009, he recorded the theme song, called "I Don't Believe in Miracles/Superhero", for the Russian action movie Black Lightning produced by Timur Bekmambetov.2010–2011

On 30 January 2010, <mask> performed one of his new singles, "Europe's Skies", in national final, Euroviisut 2010, to select the 2010 Finnish entry at the Eurovision Song Contest 2010. On 12 March 2010, <mask> performed his Eurovision 2009 winning song "Fairytale" on UK TV show Eurovision: Your Country Needs You. In April 2010, Rybak released a new song, featuring Opptur, called "Fela Igjen". On 8 June 2010, <mask> released the first single from his second album "Oah". A music video was made for the single. It was directed by Lars Kristian Flemmen, produced by Eirik Heldal and shot by Martin J. Edelsteen. It is filmed in a university or college.He also recorded and released a Russian version of this song called "Strela Amura" (Russian: Стрела Амура, Cupid's arrow). <mask> released his second album on 14 June 2010, called No Boundaries. It was not as successful as his first album, so far it has peaked at number 7 in Norway, number 8 in Sweden and 32 in Finland. On 7 January 2011, <mask> was one of twelve contestants on the next Swedish season of the dancing show Let's Dance (Swedish version of television franchise Strictly Come Dancing), in the show Rybak danced to win the competition against other Swedish celebrities. Rybak made it to the Top 4 before being voted off on 11 March, having received the lowest scores from both juries and the voting public. In 2011 he released the album Visa vid vindens ängar, a collaboration with Mats Paulson whom he describes as "a legend and a great friend"
On 11 December 2011, he appeared as musical guest on X Factor (Romania). 2012–2013
In 2012 he released a new music video for his Russian song "Strela Amura"."Strela Amura" is the Russian version of Oah which is one of his previous singles released in 2010. The music video was shot in Kyiv, Ukraine. <mask> said: "For me the main thing is what is going on inside a person, not the events around them. The video for the song "Strela Amura" is about me, about my life, which consists of the airports and hotels. You give happiness to others, and you are left alone yourself." On 30 May 2012 he released a duet with Paula Seling called "I'll Show You". Seling placed third at the 2010 Eurovision.The song had already been promoted on Romanian television and radio. The German label Capsounds has signed the song and will be promoting it throughout Europe. A new single by Rybak titled "Leave Me Alone" was released worldwide on 12 October 2012. The premiere of the music video was also released shortly after the single which was on 23 October. The release of the Russian version of the song "Dostala" was on 12 November "Leave Me Alone" is about a particular female fan from Israel (but speaks Russian like many others there) who has been stalking him in various ways for quite some time. The new track which will be released during the day is co-written by David Eriksen who is well known to fans of the Eurovision Song Contest for writing "Butterflies" for Tone Damli Aaberge which was the runner-up to Rybak in the 2009 Melodi Grand Prix. Rybak released a Christmas album on 23 November 2012 entitled Christmas-tales.Recording started spring 2012. Around the same time, it was revealed that <mask> wrote a song for Norwegian singer Annsofi for Melodi Grand Prix 2013. The entry "I'm With You" reached the final of the competition and finished fourth overall. In October 2013, he released a new music video called "5 to 7 Years". This was a gift he made for his fans after reaching 600,000 followers on Facebook. 2014–2015

Rybak performed a song for the 2014 How to Train Your Dragon 2 soundtrack, entitled "Into a Fantasy". "Into a Fantasy" was added as a European and Slavic bonus track to the album and was played during the closing credits in the European and Russian releases of the film.Rybak had sent in the track unsolicited to film company DreamWorks, which was charmed by the song and decided to include it in the soundtrack for the closing credits. On 4 May 2014, he released a song alongside another Eurovision winner, Marija Šerifović, titled "Gorka Hrabrost" meaning "Bitter Bravery". Rybak took part in The Hit, a live TV show on Norwegian broadcaster NRK on 10 October 2014. Rybak performed "What I Long For", a song written by Elisabet Mjanger. Despite it being the most played track ahead of the results show, it lost out to Trine Rein with "The Story of Love", which went on to eventually win the whole show. Rybak wrote two entries for national selections for Eurovision in 2015. Rybak wrote a song for Maltese singer Franklin Calleja titled "Still Here".The song was received well and finished fourth in Malta Eurovision Song Contest 2015. In Autumn 2014, Rybak travelled to Belarus to form a girlband to represent Belarus at Eurovision 2015, after having thought about the idea for over a year. Auditions were held in five different cities across the country. In early November, Rybak revealed his girlband MILKI and shortly after that premiered their track "Accent". The song quickly became the favourite to represent Belarus at Eurovision 2015 among fans and receiving positive feedback from former Eurovision participants Marija Šerifović and Philipp Kirkorov. On 26 December, MILKI finished fourth in the Belarusian national final, receiving the second-highest tally of votes from the public. The result led to great controversy and Rybak critiqued the jury for putting the entry fifth.In early 2015, <mask> took part in the Russian television show Odin v Odin!, in which the participants impersonated legendary artists. The premier episode was broadcast on

masks:
Alexander Igorevich Rybak
Alyaxandr Iharavich Rybak
Rybak
Rybak
Rybak
Rybak
Igor Rybak
Alexander Rybak
Natalia Rybak
Rybak
Rybak
Rybak
Rybak
Rybak
Rybak
Alexander Rybak
Rybak
Alexander Rybak
Rybak
Alexander
Rybak
Alexander
Rybak
Rybak