title: Jochen Fahrenberg

texts:
<mask> (born 18 September 1937 in Berlin) is a German psychologist in the fields of Personality, psychophysiology and  philosophy of science. Biography
<mask> studied psychology, sociology and philosophy in Freiburg, London and Hamburg, followed by a PhD at the University of Freiburg. His dissertation was based on an experimental investigation and factor analysis of writing movement parameters (graphometry). After working as a research assistant to cardiologist Professor Ludwig Delius in Bad Oeynhausen, he completed his postdoctoral thesis (habilitation) on Psychophysiological personality research in Freiburg in 1966. Together with Dr. med. Michael Myrtek, he founded the Freiburg Psychophysiology Research Group in 1970 with funding from the Volkswagen Foundation. In 1973, he was offered the Chair at the Psychology Department previously held by his academic teacher, the philosopher and psychologist Robert Heiß, founder of the Freiburg Institute.During the following decades he was involved in the Institute's considerable expansion as well as academic reform. In 2002, as professor emeritus, he retired from his dual function as head of the Personality Research section and co-director of the Psychophysiology Research Group in the Department of Psychology at Albert-Ludwigs-University in Freiburg, Germany. Research
During its 35-year history, the Psychophysiology Research Group was a centre for multivariate psychophysiological research on personality, research on cardiovascular rehabilitation, illness behaviour, and life satisfaction. The laboratory was generously supported by the Volkswagen Foundation (with eight scientific and technical staff, two computer-based electrophysiological labs and a clinical-chemistry lab). The research group also developed and promoted both methodology and techniques of ambulatory monitoring (ambulatory assessment) to assist behavioural research in everyday situations. A number of tests and personality scales were developed, one of which, the Freiburg Personality Inventory (FPI), comparable to the 16 PF Questionnaire, is the most frequently used in German-speaking countries. A series of extensive laboratory analyses and field research was conducted focusing on cardiovascular psychophysiology, in particular.Hans Eysenck's Theory of Emotionality (emotional lability, neuroticism), which was generally accepted at that time, was critically tested in a number of experimental and clinical studies. The findings contradicted the assumed (hypothetical) correlation between specific personality factors (questionnaire scales) and autonomic lability (hyperreactivity of the autonomic nervous system). A second focus of his research was Ambulant Assessment (ambulatory monitoring): psychophysiological examinations under everyday conditions, also during work and leisure periods, with multi-channel digital systems for recording behavioural, physiological and subjective data. The research group's list of publications consists of more than 400 references (Fahrenberg & Myrtek, 2005); the most important research data have been collected and made available (open access). His later work was devoted to other areas: psychological anthropology – including surveys on student attitudes and belief systems, or assumptions about human nature and the impact of philosophical concepts on professional issues – the philosophy of science, methodology, categories in psychology; and theoretical psychology. In addition, a number of books and articles were written about Wilhelm Wundt, a pioneer of modern psychology. Fahrenberg initiated the Workshop for Psychophysiological Methods in 1972, which became the German Society for Psychophysiology and its Application in 1982.Workshops on ambulatory assessment in Freiburg led to the founding of the international Society for Ambulatory Assessment in 2009. Awards
Honorary member of the German Society for Psychology (DGP)
Honorary member of the German Society for Psychophysiology and its Application (DGPA)
Psychological Anthropology Award 2011, Dr. Margrit Egnér Foundation, Zürich. Selected publications
Fahrenberg, J., (1967). Psychophysiologische Persoenlichkeitsforschung (Psychophysiological personality research). Goettingen: Hogrefe. Fahrenberg, J., Hampel, R., & Selg, H. (1970). Das Freiburger Persoenlichkeitsinventar FPI-R. Handanweisung (Freiburg Personality Inventory Manual).(8th ed. 2010). Goettingen: Hogrefe. Fahrenberg, J., & Foerster, F. (1982). Covariation and consistency of activation parameters. Biological Psychology, 15, 151-169. Fahrenberg, J.(1986). Psychophysiological individuality: A pattern analytic approach to personality research and psychosomatic medicine. Advances in Behaviour Research and Therapy, 8, 43-100. Fahrenberg, J. (1988). Psychophysiological processes. In J. R. Nesselroade, & R. B. Cattell (Eds.), Handbook of multivariate experimental psychology (2nd ed., pp. 867–914). New York: Plenum. Fahrenberg, J. (1992). Psychophysiology of neuroticism and anxiety. In A. Gale, & M. W. Eysenck (Eds.), Handbook of individual differences: Biological perspectives (pp. 179–226). Chichester: Wiley. .
Fahrenberg, J., & Myrtek, M. (Eds.). (1996). Ambulatory assessment. Computer-assisted psychological and psychophysiological methods in monitoring and field studies.Seattle, WA: Hogrefe & Huber. .
Foerster, F., & Fahrenberg, J. (2000). Motion pattern and posture: Correctly assessed by calibrated accelerometers. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 32, 450-457. Fahrenberg, J., & Myrtek, M. (Eds.). (2001).Progress in ambulatory assessment. Seattle, WA: Hogrefe & Huber. .
Fahrenberg, J. (2002). Psychologische Interpretation. Biographien – Texte – Tests (Psychological interpretation. Biographies – Texts – Tests). Bern: Huber. . PsyDok ZPID
Fahrenberg, J., Leonhart, R., & Foerster, F. (2002).Alltagsnahe Psychologie mit hand-held PC und physiologischem Mess-System (Psychology in daily life using a hand-held PC and physiological recorder). Bern. Huber. . PsyDok ZPID
Fahrenberg, J., & Steiner, J. M (2004). Adorno und die authoritaere Persoenlichkeit (Adorno and the Authoritarian Personality). Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie, 56, 127-152. PsyDok ZPID
Fahrenberg, J., & Myrtek, M. (2005). Psychophysiologie in Labor, Klinik und Alltag.40 Jahre Projektarbeit der Freiburger Forschungsgruppe Psychophysiologie – Kommentare und Neue Perspektiven (Psychophysiology in the laboratory, clinic, and daily life. 40 years’ research in the Freiburg Psychophysiology Research Group – Commentaries and new perspectives). Frankfurt am Main: Lang. . PsyDok ZPID
Fahrenberg, J. (2007). Menschenbilder. Psychologische, biologische, interkulturelle und religioese Ansichten. Psychologische und Interdisziplinaere Anthropologie (Concepts of man.Psychological, cross-cultural, and religious perspectives. Psychological and interdisciplinary anthropology). e-book. PsyDok ZPID
Fahrenberg, J., & Cheetham, M. (2007). Assumptions about human nature and impact of philosophical concepts on professional issues. A questionnaire-based study with 800 students from psychology, philosophy, and science. Philosophy, Psychiatry, & Psychology, 14 (3), 183-214.Fahrenberg, J., Myrtek, M., Pawlik, K., & Perrez, M. (2007). Ambulatory Assessment – Monitoring Behaviour in Daily Life Settings. A Behavioural-Scientific Challenge for Psychology. European Journal of Personality Assessment, 23, 206-213. Prill, T., & Fahrenberg, J. (2007). New methods in ambulatory BP monitoring: Interactive monitoring and detection of posture and movement patterns.Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 39, 390-398. Fahrenberg, J. (2008). Gehirn und Bewusstsein. Neurophilosophische Kontroversen brain and consciousness. Neurophilosophical controversies. In S. Gauggel, & M. Herrmann (Eds.), Handbuch der Neuro- und Biopsychologie (pp. 28–43). Goettingen: Hogrefe. .
Fahrenberg, J. (2011). Wilhelm Wundt – Pionier der Psychologie und Außenseiter? Leitgedanken der Wissenschaftskonzeption und deren Rezeptionsgeschichte (Wilhelm Wundt – pioneer in psychology and outsider? Basic concepts and their reception).e-book. PsyDok ZPID
Fahrenberg, J. (2012). Wilhelm Wundts Wissenschaftstheorie. Ein Rekonstruktionsversuch (Wilhelm Wundt's theory of science. An attempt at reconstruction). Psychologische Rundschau, 63 (4), 228-238.Fahrenberg, J. (2013). Zur Kategorienlehre der Psychologie. Komplementaritaetsprinzip. Perspektiven und Perspektiven-Wechsel (On categories in psychology. Complementarity principle, perspectives, and perspective-taking). Lengerich: Pabst Science Publishers. . PsyDok ZPID
Fahrenberg, J.(2015). Wilhelm Wundts Neuropsychologie (Wilhelm Wundt's neuropsychology). D. Emmans & A. Laihinen (Eds.). Comparative Neuropsychology and Brain Imaging: Commemorative publication in honour of Prof. Dr. Ulrike Halsband (pp. 348–373). Vienna; LIT-Verlag. .
Fahrenberg, J. (2015).Theoretische Psychologie – Eine Systematik der Kontroversen (Theoretical psychology – A system of controversies). Lengerich: Pabst Science Publishers. . PsyDok ZPID
Fahrenberg, J. (2017). The influence of Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz on the Psychology, Philosophy, and Ethics of Wilhelm Wundt.PsyDok ZPID
Fahrenberg, J. (2019). Wilhelm Wundt (1832 - 1920). Introduction, Quotations, Reception, Commentaries, Attempts at Reconstruction.Pabst Science Publishers, 2019. PsyDok
<mask>, J., Hampel, R., & Selg, H.(2020): Freiburger Persönlichkeitsinventar. (9., vollständig überarbeitete Auflage mit neuer Normierung und Validitätshinweisen, Prinzipien der Testkonstruktion und modernen Assessmenttheorie). Goettingen: Hogrefe. Fahrenberg, J & Fahrenberg, A. (2021). Täter-Forschung nach Auschwitz.John M. Steiners Untersuchungen (1962 bis 2014). PsychArchives

External links

External links
Institute for Psychology at Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg
Geschichte des Instituts für Psychologie in Freiburg
Geschichte der Forschungsgruppe Psychophysiologie
Publications by <mask> <mask> in Dokumentenserver PsyDok,Center for Psychological Documentation and Information, ZPID
German Society for Psychophysiology and its Application, DGPA
Society for Ambulatory Assessment. Homepage <mask> Fahrenberg

Research data (open access)
Standardization samples for questionnaires (normative data)Psychophysiological data

German psychologists
1937 births
Living people

masks:
Jochen Fahrenberg
Jochen Fahrenberg
Fahrenberg
Jochen
Fahrenberg
Jochen


title: Increase A. Lapham

type: original

texts:
<mask> (March 7, 1811 – September 14, 1875) was an author, scientist, and naturalist. Biography

Born in Palmyra, New York, his family moved to Pennsylvania, back to New York, to Ohio then to Louisville, Kentucky (1827–1830) then back to Ohio while his father, <mask>, worked on the canals in various locations. Lapham was of entirely English ancestry, all of which had been in what is now the United States since the early 1600s. His ancestors were among the first English colonists to establish Rhode Island. He displayed a talent for scientific observation early on while working on the canals and their locks, producing drawings that he could sell at the age of thirteen. In July 1836, Lapham moved to Kilbourntown (which soon incorporated into the city of Milwaukee, Wisconsin) and worked closely with Byron Kilbourn in his business and development endeavors. The two had worked together previously on the Miami Canal and Lapham considered him a loyal friend and mentor.Before the end of the year, Lapham had published a Catalogue of Plants and Shells, Found in the vicinity of Milwaukee, on the West Side of Lake Michigan, perhaps the first scientific work published west of the Great Lakes. In 1848, Lapham founded the Wisconsin Natural History Association, a predecessor of the Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts, and Letters, of which he also was a charter member. Many of his works and early maps were used for various civil projects such as canal and railroad development. In 1844 Lapham published the first substantial book on the geography of the Wisconsin Territory. His first map of Wisconsin was made in 1846. He published many more papers and books through his life, particularly on geology, archaeology and history, and flora and fauna of Wisconsin, including publication by the Smithsonian Institution. In 1850, he discovered the Panther Intaglio Effigy Mound, which is now listed on the National Register of Historic Places.Lapham was elected a member of the American Antiquarian Society in 1853, and he was Chief Geologist of the State of Wisconsin from 1873 to 1875. He was elected as a member to the American Philosophical Society in 1874. Lapham was one of the first people to recognize the cement potential of certain rock strata seen along the banks of the Milwaukee River. Those strata, now known as belonging to the Milwaukee Formation, were later mined for high quality natural hydraulic cement. Milwaukee thus went on to become the country's leading producer of natural hydraulic cement from 1876 to 1910. He was buried at Forest Home Cemetery in Milwaukee. <mask> is considered "Wisconsin's first great scientist" and the "Father of the U.S Weather Service," based upon his lobbying to Congress and the Smithsonian Institution to create such an agency to forecast storms on the Great Lakes and both coasts.When the agency was created through the U.S. Secretary of War, Lapham made the first such accurate Great Lakes storm warning from Chicago. Since his death, numerous landmarks throughout the southeastern Wisconsin area have been named after him, including Lapham Peak, the highest point in Waukesha County, Wisconsin, a major University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee building, and streets. In Madison, Wisconsin, he currently has an elementary school named after him. A genus of North American plants, Laphamia, was named for him by <mask> Gray. Several species of invertebrates from the Paleozoic rocks of Wisconsin, such as Nuculites laphami (Cleland, 1911) and Ekwanoscutellum laphami (Whitfield, 1877), were also named in honor of him. Certain markings found on iron meteors were designated by J. Lawrence Smith as Laphamite markings. A formerly existing glacial lake was provisionally named Lake Lapham.The Wisconsin Archeological Society awards the Lapham Research Medal, first doing so in 1926. The U.S. Navy named a ship SS Increase A. Lapham during World War II. The University of Wisconsin has an Increase A. Lapham Professorship. Lapham was inducted in 1992 into the Wisconsin Conservation Hall of Fame and in 2003 into the Wisconsin Forestry Hall of Fame. The centennial of Lapham's birth was celebrated in 1911. In 2011, celebration of the bicentennial was planned, including an Increase A. Lapham Day at Aztalan State Park. Lapham Junction () in Knapp, Jackson County, Wisconsin is now defunct railroad junction on the Goodyear branch of the Milwaukee Road which branch ran to Zeda, where lumbering operations took place, and was named for Lapham.Selected works

Some works of <mask> A. Lapham:

See also
Carte de visite
Fox–Wisconsin Waterway
Lapham Memorial
Soldiers' Home Reef

References

Hawks, Graham P. (1960) Increase A. <mask>, Wisconsin's first scientist. University of Wisconsin—Madison. Thomas, Samuel W. & Conner, Eugene H. (1973) The Journals of Increase <mask>m for 1827–1830. George Rogers Clark Press. Berquist, Goodwin & Bowers, Paul C., Jr. (2001) Byron Kilbourn and the Development of Milwaukee. Milwaukee County Historical Society. Further reading

External links
General
 Increase A. Lapham, 1836–1990, collection in the manuscript collection of the Milwaukee County Historical Society
 Increase A. Lapham Papers, 1825–1930, in the archive and Topics in Wisconsin History at the Wisconsin Historical Society
Increase A. Lapham, Geologist, article in The Wisconsin Archeologist, 1936
 Increase A. Lapham and the Mapping of Wisconsin, article in the Wisconsin Magazine of History, 1985
Lapham Peak marker from 1995; Lapham Peak marker from 1988 (with original 1916 marker)
Works
 The Antiquities of Wisconsin, Increase A. Lapham, 1855 – University of Wisconsin–Madison Libraries
 A Geographical and Topographical Description of Wisconsin... (Milwaukee: P.C.Hale, 1844) online from the Wisconsin Historical Society
 Report on the Disastrous Effects of the Destruction of Forest Trees ... (Madison, Wis.: Atwood & Rublee, 1867) online from the Wisconsin Historical Society
 Selected letters on Indian Mounds, 1846–1852 Unpublished manuscripts online from the Wisconsin Historical Society

Maps
Milwaukee and Wisconsin maps at the American Geographical Society Library (AGSL) collection at UWM
1865, 1866,  1868, 1869 maps prepared for the Legislative Manual of Wisconsin
Map Tracking a Tornado, 1857 at the Smithsonian Institution Archives (SIA) and note
Map of Milwaukee, 1852 at the Harvard University Library

1811 births
1875 deaths
Scientists from Milwaukee
People from Palmyra, New York
Carroll University
Writers from Louisville, Kentucky
Writers from New York (state)
Writers from Milwaukee
History of Milwaukee
Members of the American Antiquarian Society
Scientists from New York (state)
Scientists from Kentucky

masks:
Increase Allen Lapham
Seneca Lapham
Honors Lapham
Asa
Increase
Lapham
Allen Lapha


title: Uthradom Thirunal Marthanda Varma

texts:
<mask> (22 March 1922 – 16 December 2013) was the titular Maharaja of Travancore. He was the younger brother of the last ruling monarch of the Kingdom of Travancore, Maharajah <mask>. Named Heir Apparent from birth, as per the Travancore matrilineal law of succession, he joined the firm of Plymouth and Company at Bangalore in 1952, working there as a clerk and truck driver briefly to study the functioning of industries at a basic level. He was the Chief Scout of the regional Boy Scout troop, and is also a patron of local hospitals and charities. He married the daughter of Lt. Col. Krishnan Gopinathan Pandalai, the sometime Supt. of the Government General Hospital, Madras, namely Ammachi Panapillai Amma Shrimati Radhadevi Pandalai and has a son, Ananthapadmanabhan Thampi and a daughter, Parvathidevi Kochamma. He resided at Pattom Palace, Trivandrum till his death in 2013.Early life

Sree <mask> <mask> was the youngest son of H.H Queen Mother Sethu Parvathi Bayi of Travancore by her consort, <mask> Kochu Koyi Thampuran of Kilimanoor Royal House, a Sanskrit scholar and the great-nephew of the celebrated painter, Raja Ravi <mask>. He was born on 22 March 1922 in Travancore. His siblings were Chithira <mask> Balarama <mask> and Karthika <mask> Lakshmi Bayi. His mother, Sethu Parvathi Bayi, was distantly related, by birth, to the Travancore Royal Family in the direct female line. In 1900, following the absence of heirs in the Travancore Royal Family, she had been adopted by her maternal great-aunt, Maharani Lakshmi Bayi. According to the matrilineal traditions of the Travancore Royal Family, Sree Uthradom <mask>, at the time of his birth, was proclaimed the Heir Apparent of Travancore with the title of : Sree Padmanabhadasa Maharajkumar Sree <mask> <mask>, Elaya Rajah (Crown Prince) of Travancore. Sree Uthradom Thirunal was educated privately by a group of 14 tutors in various subjects.He later graduated from the then Travancore University with Economics, Politics and History as specialisations in 1943. He was the recipient of the Moncombu Aandi Iyer Gold Medal for the best student in Sanskrit from the varsity. He was respected for his erudition. Titular Maharajah of Travancore

Sree Uthradom Thirunal became head of the Travancore royal family after his elder brother and the last monarch of Travancore Sree Chithira <mask> Balarama <mask> died in 1991. As a titular Maharaja, Uthradom Thirunal had no real administrative power but was a popular figure in Travancore, and had daily ceremonial engagements. He also maintained his ritual position at the Padmanabhaswamy Temple as the custodian of the temple, and was involved in events relating to this. On the discovery of the immense wealth in the vaults of Sree Padmanabha Swamy Temple in Thiruvananthapuram, the family shrine of Travancore royals, Uthradom Tirunal stated: "It has been in the temple vaults for centuries and the royal family has been well aware of that.It is the wealth of Lord Padmanabha and we have never ever felt any interest in it. It should be preserved as God's wealth in future also." Uthradom <mask> <mask> <mask> successor is Sree Padmanabhadasa Sree Moolam <mask> <mask> his nephew and second son of Sree Padmanabhasevini Maharani Karthika <mask> Lakshmi Bayi of Travancore and her husband Lt. Col. G. V. Raja. Community involvement

Trustee and "Dasa" of Sree Padmanabhaswamy Temple
Patron-in-Chief Thiruvananthapuram Kendra Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan
Chief Scout Travancore Boy Scouts Assoc, Travancore-Cochin Boy Scouts Assoc and Kerala Boy Scouts Assoc. Chief Patron Sneham Super Speciality Hospital Project
Patron Sri Swati Thirunal Sangita Sabha since 1991
Patron Shree Uthradom Tirunal Hospital (SUT)
Patron Muthalamada Sneham Charitable Trust
Patron Trivandrum Tennis Club (TTC) since 1938
Patron Trivandrum Club
Patron Trivandrum Friend-in-Need Soc
Patron Ananthapuram Non-Resident's Association (ANORA)

Personal life

Sree Uthradom Thirunal joined the firm of Plymouth and Company at Bangalore in 1952, working there and also studying the functioning of industries at a basic level. He was the Chief Scout of the regional Boy Scout troop, and was also a patron of local hospitals and charities. He married Ammachi Panapillai Amma Srimathi Radhadevi Pandalai of Kayamkulam, daughter of Lieutenant-Colonel Krishnan Gopinathan Pandalai.He has a son, Ananthapadmanabhan Thampi and a daughter, Parvathi Devi Thankachi. Uthradom <mask> resided at Pattom Palace, Trivandrum. A vegetarian and teetotaller, he did not drink coffee or tea or smoke. He won several trophies as an amateur horse rider. He played tennis, hockey, golf, football and polo. He learned photography in 1934 when his brother Sree Chithira Thirunal Bala <mask> Maharaja gave him a Rolleiflex camera, and built up a collection of about 5,000 negatives. He drove a lot, and won several medals from the Benz company at Stuttgart.Death

Sree <mask> Thirunal was hospitalised in early December 2013 following gastrointestinal bleeding. He died of cardiac arrest at a private hospital in Thiruvananthapuram on 16 December 2013. He died during the Murajapam Ceremony in the Padmanabhaswamy Temple which he had organised . The state government declared a public holiday on 16 December as a mark of respect to him. Though Sree <mask> Thirunal was the Titular Maharajah, the people called him 'Thampuran' and 'Thirumanassu' (lord or His Highness) with high esteem. Sree <mask> Thirunal attended all cultural programmes in the Capital City of Thiruvananthapuram and escorted Sree Padmanabha his family deity twice a year for Arattu procession. His wife, Ammachi Panapillai Amma Srimathi Radhadevi Pandalai predeceased him in 1993.He is survived by his two children, Ananthapadmanabhan Thampi and Parvathi Devi Kochamma. Successor
With the demise of Uthradom Thirunal, Moolam <mask> <mask> became the titular Maharajah of Travancore and Revathi Thirunal Balagopal <mask>, the titular Elayarajah. Titles

1922–1991: His Highness Maharajkumar Sree <mask> <mask>, Elaya Raja of Travancore
1991–2013: His Highness Lt. Col Sree Padmanabhadasa Sree Uthradom Thirunal <mask> <mask> Maharaja of Travancore Titular

Honours

King George V Silver Jubilee Medal, 1935
King George VI Coronation Medal, 1937
Indian Independence Medal, 1947

Military Appointments

 Colonel Travancore University Labour Corps
 Lt. Col in The Nair Brigade (Bodyguards of Maharajah of Travancore) and (Travancore-Cochin State Forces)
 Honorary Lt. Colonel in the Indian Army

Biography

Mathrubhumi Books released a book named Thrippadi Daanam written by Uma Maheshwari featuring the biography of Uthradom <mask> <mask> <mask>. The book starts from the year 925 ME (1750 AD) when the Travancore King Anizham Thirunal Veerabaala <mask> <mask> surrendered his country to Sree Padmanabha through an act referred to as Thrippadi Daanam. The book also covers art- cultural lifestyle of Travancore rulers and gives a personal account about his elder brother & sovereign, Sree Chithira <mask> Balarama <mask>. See also

 G. V. Raja
 Travancore Royal Family
 Maharajah
 Thampi
 Panapillai Amma

References

External links

In Conversation With His Highness Uthradam Thirunal Marthanda Youtube.com
"Thousands pay their last tribute to Uthradom Thirunal Marthanda Varma" THE TIMES OF INDIA,  Laxmi Ajai Prasanna, TNN | 16 December 2013
Outlookindia.com
, ‘Thrippadi danam’ popular at the book fest by THE TIMES OF INDIA

1922 births
2013 deaths
People associated with Scouting
Maharajas of Travancore
People from Thiruvananthapuram district
20th-century Indian photographers
Educators from Kerala
20th-century Indian educators
Sportspeople from Thiruvananthapuram
Photographers from Kerala
20th-century Indian royalty

masks: Sree Padmanabhadasa Sree Um Thirunal Marthanda Varma


title: Glen A. Larson

texts:
<mask> (January 3, 1937 – November 14, 2014) was an American musician, television producer, writer and director. His best known work in television was as the creator of the television series Alias Smith and Jones, Battlestar Galactica, Buck Rogers in the 25th Century, The Misadventures of Sheriff Lobo, Quincy, M.E., The Hardy Boys/Nancy Drew Mysteries, B. J. and the Bear, The Fall Guy, Magnum, P.I. and Knight Rider. In addition to his television work, <mask> also was a member of the folk revival/satire group The Four Preps. Career
<mask> began his career in the entertainment industry in 1956 as a member of the vocal group The Four Preps, with whom he appeared in one of the Gidget films. The Four Preps ultimately produced three gold records for Capitol, all of which <mask> himself wrote and/or composed: "26 Miles (Santa Catalina)", "Big Man", and "Down by the Station". A later member of the Four Preps, David Somerville, and a session singer he knew, Gail Jensen, later collaborated with <mask> to write and compose "The Unknown Stuntman", the theme from The Fall Guy; series lead Lee Majors performed this song over the opening titles.After working for Quinn Martin on productions including The Fugitive (where he had his first writing credit), <mask> signed a production deal with Universal Studios. His first hit series was Alias Smith and Jones, a 1971–1973 Western which described the activities of Hannibal Heyes and Jedediah "Kid" Curry, concentrating on their efforts to go straight. (George Roy Hill's film, scripted by William Goldman, about Butch Cassidy and the "Sundance Kid", is commonly believed to have been the inspiration for the series.) <mask> was involved in the development for television of The Six Million Dollar Man, based on Martin Caidin's novel Cyborg, into the successful series, and was one of the program's early executive producers. <mask> later secured a then-unprecedented $1 million per episode budget for Battlestar Galactica. The show incorporated many themes from LDS theology, such as sealing (marriage) for "time and eternity" and a "council of twelve". <mask>, a member of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in real life, had been working on the concept since 1968 with former Star Trek producer Gene L. Coon mentoring him in its early development.Although, he originally wanted to name the series Adam's Ark, <mask> changed the name to Galactica However, he was later convinced to include the word "star" in the title, capitalizing on the popularity of the recently released film Star Wars, eventually deciding on Battlestar Galactica. Even with its generous budget, the series often recycled effects shots; it was canceled after one season. The pilot episode of Galactica, titled "Saga of a Star World" in the program continuity, was edited into a two-hour theatrical film released in North America and Europe (a second theatrical release, titled Mission Galactica: The Cylon Attack, was compiled by re-editing other episodes of the series). After the series was canceled, <mask> went on to create a relatively low-budget sequel to the series, titled Galactica 1980, which was set many years later, when the Galactica had reached Earth. This series was less successful than the original and was canceled after 10 episodes. <mask> re-used some of the sets, props, costumes, and effects work from Galactica for the light-hearted sci-fi series Buck Rogers in the 25th Century in 1979. Based on the comic-book character created in 1928 by Philip Francis Nowlan, <mask> co-developed the series with Leslie Stevens.The feature-length pilot episode was released as a theatrical film in March 1979 and grossed $21 million at the North American box office. The weekly television series began in September 1979, running for two seasons until April 1981. In the 1980s, <mask> had further success as one of the creators of Magnum, P.I., which ran from 1980 to 1988. Around the same time, he left Universal to work for 20th Century-Fox. Additionally, <mask> created The Fall Guy, which ran from 1981 to 1986. <mask>'s next prominent series was Knight Rider, which featured science-fiction elements with a light-hearted action-adventure scenario and limited violence. These basic elements characterized many of <mask>'s series' throughout the 1980s with Automan, Manimal and The Highwayman, though all of these shows were unsuccessful and none lasted more than a single season.<mask>'s profile declined, though he made a brief comeback in the 1990s with an adaptation of the Ultraverse comic Night Man, which lasted two seasons. In 2003, Battlestar Galactica was remade for the Sci-Fi Channel as a miniseries; it was followed by a 2004 series, that, unlike the original, lasted multiple seasons. <mask> was not involved in any capacity with the new series, though he did receive a screen credit as "Consulting Producer". After the series ended in 2009, a short-lived prequel series, Caprica, followed in 2010. <mask> was again not involved, but he was given a screen credit for the creation of certain characters. In February 2009, media sources reported that <mask> was in talks with Universal Pictures to bring Battlestar Galactica to the big screen, though any potential feature film would not be based on the recent Sci-Fi Channel series remake, but would possibly be based on the original series. The project stalled for some time; in 2011 a re-announced version was now no longer a continuation of the original series but rather a complete remake.Criticism
Despite his success, much criticism has been aimed at <mask> for his perceived general lack of originality as many of his television series are seen as small screen "knock-offs" of feature films. Harlan Ellison once referred to him as "<mask>y" for the notorious similarities between <mask>'s shows and cinema blockbusters. In his autobiography, The Garner Files, James Garner stated that <mask> stole a number of plots of The Rockford Files (which Garner's production company co-produced), then used them for his own shows, simply changing the dialogue minimally and using different character names. Garner's group complained to the Writer's Guild; <mask> was fined, and an episode of <mask>'s series Switch called "Death by Resurrection" had the writing credits revised to give sole credit to the writers of the original Rockford Files episode "This Case Is Closed", as it was very clearly the basis of the Switch episode. Nevertheless, Garner felt that the fine had taught <mask> nothing when he persisted in plagiarism and later copied the theme music from The Rockford Files for one of his shows. Garner stated that when <mask> subsequently showed up on the Rockford set, he put his arm around Garner and said "I hope there are no hard feelings, Jim." After <mask> ignored a warning by Garner to take his arm off him, Garner claims that he punched <mask> so hard that <mask> "flew across the curb, into a motor home, and out the other side."Lawsuit against Universal Studios
In July 2011, <mask> began a lawsuit against Universal Studios, alleging a decades-long fraud and claimed the studio had not paid him a share of the profits owed from the television shows he produced while working with them. <mask>'s involvement with Universal had begun in the 1970s, and his contractual agreement had secured him net profits from the revenues generated by the shows he worked on as a producer, including The Six Million Dollar Man, Quincy, M.E., Battlestar Galactica, Buck Rogers in the 25th Century, Magnum, P.I. and Knight Rider. The dispute was settled four years later in December 2015. This was not the first legal wrangle <mask> had with the studio, as there had previously been a disagreement over ownership of rights to the Battlestar Galactica franchise. It was ultimately determined that <mask> no longer owned the television rights to the property, but retained feature film rights. Death
<mask> died on November 14, 2014 in UCLA Medical Center, Santa Monica, California, from esophageal cancer, aged 77.He is buried at Rose Hill Burial Park (Oklahoma City, Oklahoma). Awards and honors
 Emmy Award
 1978: Nominated for Outstanding Drama Series, for Quincy, M.E. Grammy Award
 1979: Nominated for Best Album of Original Score Written for a Motion Picture or Television Special, for Battlestar Galactica (nomination shared with Stu Phillips, <mask> Tartaglia, and Sue Collins)
 Edgar Award
 1973: Won for Best Episode in a TV Series Teleplay, for McCloud, "The New Mexico Connection"
 1981: Won for Best Episode in a TV Series Teleplay, for Magnum, P.I., "China Doll" (with Donald P. Bellisario)

<mask> also has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for his contributions to the television industry. Filmography

Books written

References

External links

 <mask><mask> at Find a Grave

1937 births
2014 deaths
Latter Day Saints from California
American television producers
American television writers
American male television writers
American science fiction writers
Edgar Award winners
American people of Swedish descent
Deaths from esophageal cancer
Deaths from cancer in California
American male novelists
American male screenwriters
20th-century American novelists
20th-century American male writers

masks:
Glen Albert Larson
Larson
Larson
Larson
Larson
Larson
Larson
Larson
Larson
Larson
Larson
Larson
Larson
Larson
Larson
Larson
Larson
Larson
Larson
Larson
Larson
Larson
Glen Larcen
Larson
Larson
Larson
Larson
Larson
Larson
Larson
Larson
Larson
Larson
Larson
Larson
Larson
Larson
John Andrew
Larson
Glen A
. Larson


title: Thorgerd Egilsdottir

texts:
<mask>ttir (Old Norse:  ; Modern Icelandic:  ) was an Icelandic woman of the tenth century. She was the daughter of Egill Skallagrímsson and the wife of Olaf the Peacock. Olaf and Thorgerd had a number of children: the sons Kjartan, Steinthór, Halldór, Helgi, and Höskuldur and the daughters Thurídur, Thorbjörg, Thorgerd and Bergthóra. The ill-fated Kjartan would be his father's favorite. Portrayal in Icelandic Sagas
The character of <mask>ttir appears in several Icelandic sagas. She first appears in Egils Saga (Egils saga Skallagrímssonar), being born to Egil Skallagrímsson and his wife Asgerd. <mask> was the eldest of five children.The saga states that “all of Egil’s children were promising and intelligent.”  Later, the saga states that she was “a very fine woman, wise, rather strong-tempered, but usually quiet,”  and that she made a favorable match with Olaf. In chapter 79 of Egil’s Saga, <mask> manipulates her father for his own good. After the death of his son Bodvar, a grieving Egil takes to his bed and refuses to eat. Thorgerd is summoned by her mother to help. When she arrives at her father’s home she announces in a loud voice;
 I have had no evening meal, nor will I do so until I go to join Freyja. I know no better course of action than my father’s. I do not want to live after my father and brother are dead.She then goes and lays down in another bed in her father’s bed-closet. Egil was pleased with his daughter and the love that she had shown. Soon she tricks Egil into eating dulse (or edible seaweed) by telling him that it would make him feel worse and that it was bad for him. Afterward, she tricks him into drinking milk, telling him first that it was water that she called for. After stating that “We’ve been tricked,” Thorgerd then manipulates Egil further;
What will we do now? Our plan has failed. Now I want us to stay alive, father, long enough for you to compose a poem in Bodvar’s memory and I will carve it on a rune-stick.Then we can die if we want to. I doubt whether your son Thorstein would ever compose a poem for Bodvar, and it is unseemly if his memory is not honoured, because I do not expect us to be sitting there at the feast when it is. Egil, who was known for his poetry, composed a poem in honor of his deceased son, and in doing so soon began to recover from his grief. He eventually left his bed and gave Thorgerd gifts when she left. <mask> Egilsdottir also makes an appearance in The Saga of the People of Laxardal (Laxdæla saga). In Chapter 23 her betrothal to Olaf the Peacock is described. Olaf and his father Hoskuld approached her father Egil at the Althing to make a match between Thorgerd and Olaf.Even though Egil approves of the match, he states that Thorgerd would have to be asked “because there is no man who could make Thorgerd his wife should she be set against it.” At first Thorgerd refused his offer of marriage, because she believed Olaf to beneath her in birth. After having a conversation with Olaf himself, and some convincing by her father, she finally agrees to the marriage. Her marriage was, by all accounts, an affectionate one. Thorgerd’s character is described in Laxdæla saga as;
Everyone soon realized what a woman of strong character Thorgerd was: though she was not one to waste words, once she set her mind on something there was no swaying her – things had to go the way she wanted. This strong character is seen later in the Laxdæla saga when she seeks retribution for her slain son Kjartan. Her husband agrees to a wergild for his son’s death, but Thorgerd is set on vengeance. Being female, she has little option but to encourage her other sons.She takes then for a drive past the farm of man who killed Kjartan, and says;
Here lives Bolli, your brother’s slayer, and not a shred of resemblance do you bear to your great ancestors since you won’t avenge a brother the likes of Kjartan. Never would your grandfather Egil have acted like this, and it grieves me to have such spineless sons. You would have made your father better daughters, to be married off, than sons. It shows the truth of the saying, Halldor, that “every kin has its coward”. I see only too well now that fathering such sons was Olaf’s great failing. I will address my words to you Halldor...because you’ve taken the lead among your brothers. We will turn back now; I made the journey mainly to remind you of what you seem to have forgotten.Thorgerd’s quest for vengeance even drives her to accompany the party that sets out to kill Bolli in retaliation for Kjartan. She states that “No one knows better than I do that it is likely my sons will require some urging yet.” When Bolli was cornered, Thorgerd “urged them not to hesitate to finish Bolli off and put some space between trunk and head.”

<mask> Egilssdottir also makes an appearance in The Saga of Gunnlaug Serpant-Tongue (Gunnlaugs saga ormstungu). This saga tells the tale of two men competing for Helga the Fair, Egil Skallagrimsson’s granddaughter and Thorgerd’s niece. Thorgerd plays a part in saving the life of Helga when she was an infant. Helga’s father Thorstein demanded that his infant daughter be exposed to the elements to die. His wife Jofrid secretly had the girl sent to Thorgerd to raise, while telling her husband Thorstein that she had followed his wishes. Six years later Thorstein went to attend a feast at his brother-in-law Olaf the Peacock’s estate.He noticed Helga sitting in the hall and remarked on her beauty. Thorgerd then told him the truth;
“Kinsman”, she answered, “to tell the truth, this beautiful girl is your daughter, not mine.” Then she told him everything that had happened, and begged him to forgive both her and his wife for this wrong. Thorstein was so taken with the child that he forgave the women. He considered himself lucky that they had fixed his wrongs and he took his daughter home. <mask> Egilsdottir fits a common character archetype in Norse sagas; the female inciter. In this instance a woman manipulates her husband or other male kin to exact revenge for her. In Scandinavian society at the time, women were unable to physically seek vengeance; therefore they used the means at their disposal, namely words and influence, to accomplish their goals.Notes

References
Ari the Learned. The Book of the Settlement of Iceland (Landnámabók). Ellwood, T., transl. Kendal: T. Wilson, Printer and Publisher, 1898. Byock, Jesse. Viking Age Iceland. Penguin Books, 2001.Magnusson, Magnus and Hermann Palsson, transl. Laxdaela Saga. Penguin Classics, 1969. Scudder, Bernard, transl. Egil's Saga. Penguin Classics, 2005. [Snorri Sturluson?]Egils Saga Skallagrímssonar (Egil’s Saga), in The Sagas of the Icelanders, ed. Örnólfur Thorsson, trans. Bernard Scudder. New York: Penguin Books, 2001. The Saga of the People of Laxardal (Laxdæla saga), in The Sagas of the Icelanders, ed. Örnólfur Thorsson, trans. Bernard Scudder.New York: Penguin Books, 2001.The Saga of Gunnlaug Serpent-Tongue (Gunnlaugs saga ormstungu), in The Sagas of the Icelanders, ed. Örnólfur Thorsson, trans. Bernard Scudder. New York: Penguin Books, 2001. 10th-century Icelandic people
Year of birth unknown
Year of death unknown
10th-century Icelandic women

masks:
Thorgerd Egilsdo
Thorgerd Egilsdo
Thorgerd
Thorgerd
Thorgerd
Thorgerd
Thorgerd


title: Athene Seyler

texts:
<mask>, CBE (31 May 188912 September 1990) was an English actress. Early life
She was born in London; her German-born grandparents moved to the United Kingdom, where her grandfather <mask> was a merchant in London. <mask> was educated at Coombe Hill School in Surrey, a progressive co-educational school which disliked petitionary prayer and whose advanced biology classes studied Darwin's On the Origin of Species. <mask> took part in an anti-blood sports demonstration, during which pupils captured the fox from the local hunt. She was also active in the South Place Ethical Society during the 1920s, where her father Clarence H<mask> took his family for many years to hear Moncure Conway lecture as an alternative to attending a religious Sunday service. Clarence ran a class for the study of Herbert Spencer, contributed to the South Place magazine on rationalist matters and wrote a treatise on birth control which he circulated privately among his family. Career

Although better known as a stage actress - she first appeared on the stage in 1909 - she made her film debut in 1921, and became known for playing slightly dotty old ladies in many British films from the 1930s to the 1960s.In 1933, <mask> together with Nicholas Hannen, took a company which included Hannen's daughter by his first marriage, Hermione Hannen, on a well received tour of the Far East and Australia. Her most memorable stage credits included Mrs Malaprop in The Rivals, Lady Bracknell in The Importance of Being Earnest and a double-act, with her good friend Dame Sybil Thorndike, as the murderous spinster sisters in Arsenic and Old Lace. Her film and television career lasted into the 1960s, and included roles in The Citadel (1938), Night of the Demon (1957) and The Avengers (1964, 1965). She was also a regular cast member in screen adaptations of Charles Dickens' novels. Although her silent film appearance in Pickwick (1921) is missing, she played the elderly fiancée in The Pickwick Papers (1952). She virtually retired from acting after 1970 but continued making public appearances until well into the 1980s, memorably as a guest of Terry Wogan on his eponymous BBC chat show. In 1988, at the age of 99, she was the castaway on radio's Desert Island Discs.In 1990, at the age of 101, she appeared at the National Theatre, talking about her long life and career. <mask> <mask> was President of the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art (RADA) from 1950, and a member of the Theatrical Ladies' Guild. She also wrote The Craft of Comedy. Honours and awards
She was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in 1959. In 1989 she was honoured as "Personality of the Century" by the Grand Order of Water Rats. Marriages and relationships

In February 1914 she married James Bury Sterndale-Bennett (1889–1941), a grandson of the composer Sir William Sterndale Bennett and had a daughter Jane Ann (1917-2015) with him. From 1922 she met and started living with fellow actor Nicholas "Beau" Hannen (son of Sir Nicholas Hannen).Hannen was married and his wife refused a divorce. In 1928, <mask> formally changed her name to <mask> Hannen, although she continued to use <mask> professionally. In 1960, she and Hannen were married after his wife died. At the age of ninety, <mask> told the interviewer David McGillivray that "she hadn't been made a Dame because for most of her life she lived with a man who wasn't her husband." Portraits

The British National Portrait Gallery has numerous photos of <mask>. The Australian National Portrait Gallery website has a portrait of Hannen and <mask> together. Death

<mask> <mask> died in 1990, aged 101, and her ashes were placed in the Hannen Columbarium in St Mary's Churchyard, Wargrave.

masks:
Athene Seyler
Philip Seyler
Athene Seyler
Seyler
. Seyler
Seyler
Athene
Seyler
Seyler
Athene
Seyler
Seyler
Seyler
Seyler
Athene
Seyler


title: John Eliot (Royal Navy officer)

texts:
<mask> (2 June 1742 – 2 May 1769) was a Royal Navy captain. He was appointed Governor of West Florida in 1767 and committed suicide in 1769, shortly after his arrival in Pensacola. Life
<mask> was born 2 June 1742 in Port Eliot, St Germans, Cornwall, to Richard and <mask>. His father was an important local politician, and his grandfather had served in the Royal Navy. His father died in 1748, and his mother afterward married <mask>, a navy captain. Naval career
<mask> joined the Royal Navy in 1752 as a midshipman aboard . In 1753 command of Penzance was given to <mask>'s brother in law, Hugh Bonfoy, and <mask> again served as a midshipman on his cruise to Newfoundland.He first saw action with the Channel fleet in 1756, during the Seven Years' War as a midshipman aboard  under <mask>. In 1757 he transferred to HMS Marlborough (flagship of Admiral Thomas Cotes), which cruised to Jamaica but saw no action due to her poor sailing characteristics. Seeking action, <mask> transferred to  as third lieutenant. Her first lieutenant was <mask>, who would also figure in the history of West Florida. Augusta captain, Arthur Forrest, was an aggressive tactician, and <mask> repeatedly saw action under Forrest's command. During the first six months of 1758 Forrest raided French shipping in the Caribbean, taking numerous prizes. In June 1758 <mask> transferred to .He cruised with her until January 1759, when he was temporarily given her command after her captain succumbed to a tropical fever. This command was brief (lasting just under one month) before a new captain was assigned to the ship. In April 1759 <mask> returned to England aboard . During this early service <mask>'s family continued to forge connections at the highest levels of the Admiralty. His brother Edward, serving in Parliament, worked to advance his career, and his sister Elizabeth married Charles Cocks, who was connected by marriage to Admiral George Anson. By the time <mask> returned to England Anson had arranged for the young lieutenant's first command, the 12-gun sloop Hawke. On 4 September 1759 <mask> was commissioned a commander, and by the end of the month he was aboard Hawke at Plymouth, preparing her for sea.Surviving records of Hawke cruise are sketchy. On 9 December she was engaged in a brief battle with a much larger French privateer. Suffering three killed in the exchange, <mask> was compelled to strike her colours. Taken captive to France, <mask> was quickly exchanged through the intercession of his family. An inquiry was held in April 1760 investigating the loss of the ship, in which <mask> and his officers were acquitted of any wrongdoing. The ship's surgeon testified that <mask> "behaved with great calmness and resolution" during the incident. On 25 April 1760 <mask>, not yet eighteen, was commissioned a captain, given command of , and assigned to convoy duty to the Baltic Sea.On the return leg of his second voyage, <mask> used tactics learned from Captain Forrest to capture a French privateer, recovering two of its British prizes in the process. With his next command, , <mask> saw duty in home waters and on the blockade of the French coast, landing a rich prize ship loaded with coffee. In April 1762 <mask> received secret orders to cruise in search of French privateers between the Canary Islands and the Azores, an area where British warships were not normally active. This duty was without significant incident, and he returned to Plymouth in January 1763. With the advent of peace, <mask>, still aboard Thames, was assigned duty with the Mediterranean squadron. He was involved in a minor diplomatic incident while calling on the Spanish port of Cádiz, when one of his junior officers incorrectly responded to salutes fired by Spanish naval vessels entering the harbour. While transporting Henry Grenville, the ambassador to the Ottoman Empire, back to England in late 1765, Thames was found to be leaking badly, and <mask> was forced to put in at Toulon for repairs.While there he encountered James Boswell, who wrote favourably of the young captain. His return to England afterward was complicated by a quarantine imposed on the ship because of the ambassador's baggage; <mask>'s family connections were instrumental in rapidly getting the ship released. Governor of West Florida
<mask> was next posted to , performing guard patrol around Plymouth. He was on this duty in early 1767 when political circumstances resulted in his appointment as governor of West Florida. <mask>, his shipmate from Augusta, had been appointed the colony's first governor, and had been recalled in early 1767. More senior naval officers were considered to replace <mask>, but were deemed unlikely to accept the post. <mask>'s brother Edward had been appointed to the Board of Trade, whose head was his uncle, Robert Nugent.The influence of his brother and uncle with Parliament was also significant, and their work resulted in the appointment of <mask>, a 24-year-old officer who had never commanded a ship of the line, as governor in March 1767. In part because of political turmoil, <mask> did not immediately depart for Pensacola. Finally sailing on 6 January 1769, <mask> landed at Pensacola on 2 April. During the crossing, <mask> was reportedly afflicted with significant pains in his head, and some of his writings from the time show signs of deteriorating handwriting. The pains had apparently dissipated by the time of his arrival at Pensacola, but they soon returned. On the evening of 1 May, <mask> dined with Lieutenant Governor Montfort Browne. The next morning his body was found hanging in the study of the governor's house.Some reports incorrectly stated that he had died of an apoplectic fit, or suggested that his suicide was the result of a melancholic fit. Biographer Robert Rea believes he probably suffered from a brain tumour, whose effects drove him to suicide. <mask> was buried outside the Pensacola fort with military honours. The only major action begun during his brief time in office was to institute legal proceedings against Lieutenant Governor Browne on charges that he had misappropriated colonial funds. Because of these charges, Browne was eventually supplanted by Elias Durnford as lieutenant governor. References

1742 births
1769 deaths
Royal Navy officers
Royal Navy personnel of the Seven Years' War
Governors of West Florida
People from St Germans, Cornwall
Governors of British North America
Suicides by hanging in Florida

masks:
John Eliot
John Eliot
Harriet Craggs Eliot
John Hamilton
Eliot
Eliot
Eliot
John Byron
Eliot
George Johnstone
Eliot
Eliot
Eliot
Eliot
Eliot
Eliot
Eliot
Eliot
Eliot
Eliot
Eliot
Eliot
Eliot
Eliot
Eliot
Eliot
Eliot
Eliot
George Johnstone
Johnstone
Eliot
Eliot
Eliot
Eliot
Eliot
Eliot
Eliot


title: Daniele Manin

texts:
<mask> (13 May 180422 September 1857) was an Italian patriot, statesman and leader of the Risorgimento in Venice. He is considered by many Italian historians a hero of the Italian unification. Early and family life

<mask> was born <mask> in Ramo Astori, Venice, where his birthplace is commemorated by a plaque. His mother Anna Maria Bellotto, an Italian, came from Padua, while his father Pietro Antonio Fonseca (1762–1829) came from a converted family that was originally Jewish: <mask>'s grandfather was Samuele Medina, from Verona. Samuele converted to Christianity in 1759 and took the name Manin because <mask>, the last Doge of Venice, sponsored his conversion. <mask> studied law at Padua, and then practised at the bar in Venice, his native city. A man of great learning and a profound jurist, from an early age he held a deep hatred for Austria.Manin's niece was the painter and printmaker Leopoldina Zanetti Borzino. Revolutionary leader
The heroic but hopeless attempt of the Bandiera Brothers, Venetians who had served in the Austrian navy against the Neapolitan Bourbons in 1844, was the first event to cause an awakening of Venetian patriotism. In 1847 Manin presented a petition to the Venetian congregation, a powerless consultative assembly tolerated by Austria, informing the emperor of the wants of the nation. He was arrested on a charge of high treason (18 January 1848), but his arrest only served to agitate of the Venetians, who were beginning to appreciate Manin. Two months later, when all Italy and half of the rest of Europe were in the throes of revolution, the people of Venice forced Count Pallfy (Erdődy Pállfy Alajos gróf), the Austrian governor, to release Manin (17 March). The Austrians soon lost control of the city: the Arsenal was seized by revolutionaries and, under the direction of Manin, a civic guard and a provisional government were instituted. The Austrians withdrew from Venice on 26 March and Manin became president of the re-created Republic of San Marco.He had already been in favour of Italian unity, but not anxious for annexation to Piedmont because he would have liked to enlist French aid. He gave in to the will of the majority of his compatriots and resigned his powers to the Piedmontese commissioners on 7 August. But after the Piedmontese defeat at Custoza, and the armistice in which King Charles Albert abandoned Lombardy and Venetia to Austria, the Venetians attempted to lynch the royal commissioners, whose lives Manin saved with difficulty. An assembly was summoned, and a triumvirate formed with Manin at its head. Towards the end of 1848 the Austrians, having been heavily reinforced, reoccupied all the Venetian mainland. The citizens, however, hard-pressed and threatened with a siege, showed the greatest devotion to the cause of freedom, all sharing in the dangers and hardships and giving what they could afford to the state treasury. Early in 1849 Manin was again chosen president of the Republic, and conducted the defence of the city with great ability.After the defeat of Charles Albert's troops at Novara in March, the Venetian assembly voted "Resistance at all costs!" and granted Manin unlimited powers. Meanwhile, the Austrian forces closed round the city. Manin showed a good capability of organization, in which he was ably seconded by the Neapolitan general, Guglielmo Pepe, who led the Neapolitan army to defend Venice against his king's order. But on 26 May the Venetians were forced to abandon Fort Marghera, halfway between the city and the mainland; food was becoming scarce, on 19 June the powder magazine blew up, and in July cholera broke out. The Austrian batteries, subsequently, began to bombard Venice itself, and when the Sardinian fleet withdrew from the Adriatic the city was also attacked by sea, while demagogues caused internal trouble. At last, on 24 August 1849, when all provisions and ammunition were exhausted, Manin, who had courted death in vain, succeeded in negotiating an honorable capitulation, on terms of amnesty to all save Manin himself, Pepe and some others, who were to go into exile.On 27 August <mask> left Venice forever on board a French ship. Exile and last years
His wife died at Marseille, and he himself reached Paris broken in health and almost destitute, having spent all his fortune for Venice. In Paris he maintained himself by teaching and became a leader among the Italian exiles. There he became a convert from republicanism to monarchism, being convinced that only under the auspices of King Victor Emmanuel could Italy be freed, and together with Giorgio Pallavicini and Giuseppe La Farina he founded the Società Nazionale Italiana with the object of propagating the idea of unity under the Piedmontese monarchy. His last years were embittered by the terrible sufferings of his daughter, who died in 1854. He died on 22 September 1857, and was buried in Ary Scheffer's family tomb. In 1868, two years after the Austrians finally departed from Venice, his remains were brought to his native city and honoured with a public funeral.The gondola carrying his coffin was decorated with bow "surmounted by the lion of Saint Mark, resplendent with gold", bore "the Venetian standard veiled with black crape", and had "two silver colossal statues waving the national colours of Italy". The statues represented the unification of Italy and Venice. The funeral procession was described as "magnificent". His remains are interred in a sarcophagus, which is located in the Piazzetta dei Leoncini, on the north side of the Basilica San Marco. Evaluation
According to the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition,

Notes

Sources

  This cites:
 A. Errera, Vita di D. <mask> (Venice, 1872)
 P. de la Farge, Documents, &c., de D. <mask> (Paris, 1860)
 Henri Martin, D. <mask> (Paris, 1859)
 V. Marchesi, Settant' anni della storia di Venezia (Turin)
 A monograph in Countess Martinengo Cesaresco's Italian Characters (London, 1901)

External links

Errera, Rosa, (1923), Manin,

1804 births
1857 deaths
Politicians of Veneto
Politicians from Venice
Italian people of the Italian unification
Revolutions of 1848 in the Italian states
Italian exiles

masks:
Daniele Manin
Daniele Manin
Daniele Fonseca
Daniele
Ludovico Manin
Daniele Manin
Manin
Manin
Manin
Manin


title: Seth Harris

texts:
<mask><mask> (born October 12, 1962) was the 11th United States Deputy Secretary of Labor, and served for six months as the Acting U.S. Secretary of Labor and a member of President Barack Obama's Cabinet. Nominated by President Obama in February 2009, <mask> was unanimously confirmed by the U.S. Senate in May 2009, and became  acting Secretary of Labor following the resignation of Hilda Solis in January 2013. <mask> was also a member of the Overseas Private Investment Corporation's Board of Directors. <mask> stepped down from his post on January 16, 2014. Since leaving the Obama Administration, <mask> has been a Visiting Professor at the Cornell Institute for Public Affairs and a Distinguished Scholar at Cornell University's School of Industrial & Labor Relations, and a lawyer in Washington, D.C.  <mask> also serves on boards of directors and advises early stage companies. Early life and education
His father is the late Dr. <mask>, a high school teacher and author of young adult non-fiction books. His mother is <mask>, a retired high school librarian.<mask>'s brother is radio personality <mask>. <mask> earned a B.S. from the Cornell University School of Industrial and Labor Relations in 1983 and was a member of the Quill and Dagger society. He later obtained a J.D. from New York University School of Law where he was editor-in-chief of the Review of Law & Social Change and a member of the Order of the Coif. <mask> was a law clerk to Chief Judge Gene Carter of the U.S. District Court for the District of Maine and Judge William C. Canby, Jr. of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 9th Circuit. Career

Prior Labor Department service
<mask> served as Counselor to the Secretary and in other Labor Department policymaking roles for seven years advising both President Clinton's first-term Labor Secretary Robert Reich and second-term Secretary Alexis Herman on legal, policy and management issues.Academic career
For nine years prior to joining the Obama Administration, <mask> was a Professor of Law and Director of Labor & Employment Law Programs at New York Law School. <mask>'s scholarship focused on the economics of labor and employment law, with a particular emphasis on the employment provisions of the Americans with Disabilities Act. He has also written about the National Labor Relations Act, the Fair Labor Standards Act, worker organizing, and employment discrimination laws in general. <mask> served as a Senior Fellow of the Life Without Limits Project of the United Cerebral Palsy Association and a member of Georgetown University Law School's Workplace Flexibility 2010 National Advisory Commission

Public service
<mask> served as a member of the Agency Review Working Group of the Obama-Biden Transition Team with responsibility for the federal government's transportation, labor, and education agencies. <mask> also chaired Obama for America's Labor, Employment and Workplace Policy Committee and Disability Policy Committee. He had served as a member of the Clinton-Gore Transition Team in 1992 and 1993. In November 2020, <mask> was named a volunteer member of the Joe Biden presidential transition Agency Review Team to support transition efforts related to the United States Department of Labor.He was also named a candidate for Secretary of Labor in the Biden Administration. Personal life
In 1997, <mask> married Karen Beth Rosen, a social worker and psychotherapist. The couple has two sons. Articles and books
 <mask><mask>, "Workers, Protections, and Benefits in the U.S. Gig Economy," GLOBAL LAW REVIEW (Forthcoming 2018)
 <mask><mask>, “Is your Uber driver an ‘employee’ or an ‘independent contractor’?,” 2016 PERSPECTIVES ON WORK ___ (Lab. & Emplt. Res. Ass’n 2016) (forthcoming) (co-author)
 <mask><mask>, “The Gig Economy: How to Modernize the Rules of Work to Fit the Times,” 18 MILKEN INST.REV. 16 (Q2 2016) (co-author)
 <mask><mask>, “A Proposal for Modernizing Labor Laws for 21st-Century Work: The ‘Independent Worker’,” The Hamilton Project, Brookings Institution (Dec. 2015) (co-author)
 <mask><mask>, “Managing for Social Change: Improving Labor Department Performance in a Partisan Era,” 117 W. VA. L. REV. 987 (Spring 2015)

<mask><mask> and Michael Ashley Stein, "Workplace Disability" in Labor and Employment Law and Economics (Kenneth G. Dau-Schmidt, <mask><mask>, and Orly Lobel, eds. ), Edward Elgar Pub., 2009, webpage: "Labor and Employment Law". James P. Baker, David B. Mixner, and <mask><mask>, The State of Disability in America: An Evaluation of the Disability Experience by the Life without Limits Project (UCP 2007), webpage: UCP-282, United Cerebral Palsy Association. <mask><mask>, "The Mis-Directed Debate Over the Economics of Disabilities Accommodations," in Human Resources Economics and Public Policy: Essays in Honor of Vernon M. Briggs, Jr. (Charles J. Whalen, ed. ), W.E.Upjohn Institute for Employment Research, 2009, webpage: Upj145. <mask><mask>, "Law, Economics, and Accommodations in the Internal Labor Market," 10 U. PA. J. BUS. & LAB. L. 1 (Fall 2007).Social Science Research Network
<mask><mask>, "Disabilities Accommodations, Transaction Costs, and Mediation: Evidence from the EEOC's Mediation Program", 13 Harv. Negot. L. Rev.1  (Winter 2008), webpage:  SSRN-648, Social Science Research Network. <mask><mask>, "Don't Mourn — Reorganize! : An Introduction to the Next Wave Organizing Conference Volume", 49 N.Y.L.Sch. L. Rev. 303 (2005-2006).Social Science Research Network
<mask><mask>, "Innocence and The Sopranos", 49 N.Y. L. Sch L. Rev. 577 (2004-2005).Social Science Research Network
<mask>. <mask>, "Introduction: Understanding the Context for the 'Coehlo Challenge'", 48 N.Y. L. Sch. L. Rev.711  (2004).Social Science Research Network
<mask><mask>, "Re-Thinking the Economics of Discrimination: US Airways v. Barnett, the ADA, and the Application of Internal Labor Markets Theory", 89 Iowa L. Rev. 123 (Oct. 2003).Social Science Research Network
<mask><mask>, "Coase's Paradox and the Inefficiency of Permanent Strike Replacements", 80 Wash. U. L.Q. 1185 (2002).Social Science Research Network
<mask><mask>, "Conceptions of Fairness and the Fair Labor Standards Act", 18 Hofstra Lab. & Emp. L. J. 19 (Fall 2000).Social Science Research Network
<mask><mask>, Note, "Permitting Prejudice to Govern: Equal Protection, Military Deference, and the Exclusion of Lesbians and Gay Men from the Military", 17 N.Y.U. Rev.L. Soc. Change 171 (1989-1990). "Old 9-to-5 Grind Begins to Look Good", Los Angeles Times (Op Ed), June 1, 2003 at M5. "A Short Transition (Thank Goodness)", Washington Post (Op Ed), December 20, 2000 at A35. "The Pizza Hut Subsidy", Washington Post (Op Ed), October 4, 2000 at A33. References

External links

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1962 births
American legal scholars
American legal writers
Jewish American academics
Jewish American government officials
Jewish American writers
Cornell University School of Industrial and Labor Relations alumni
Living people
New York University School of Law alumni
New York (state) Democrats
Lawyers from New York City
Writers from New York City
Obama administration cabinet members
21st-century American politicians
Clinton administration personnel
United States Deputy Secretaries of Labor

masks:
Seth D
. Harris
Harris
Harris
Harris
Harris
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Jonathan Harris
Martha Harris
Harris
Paul Harris
Harris
Harris
Harris
Harris
Harris
Harris
Harris
Harris
Harris
Harris
Seth D
. Harris
Seth D
. Harris
Seth D
. Harris
Seth D
. Harris
Seth D
. Harris
Seth D
. Harris
Seth D
. Harris
Seth D
. Harris
Seth D
. Harris
Seth D
. Harris
Seth D
. Harris
Seth D
. Harris
Seth D
. Harris
Seth D
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Seth D
. Harris
Seth D
. Harris
Seth D
. Harris
Seth D
. Harris


title: Meralda Warren

texts:
<mask> (born 28 June 1959) is an artist and poet of the Pitcairn Islands, a remote British Overseas Territory in the South Pacific. She works in both English and Pitkern, the island's distinctive creole language. Her book, Mi Bas Side Orn Pitcairn, written with the island's six children, is the first to be written and published in both English and Pitkern. As an artist, she works with tapa cloth, a Polynesian tradition. She has also published a cookbook featuring Pitcairn Island cuisine. <mask> has also served as the island's nurse, its only police officer, a ham radio operator, and as a member of the territory's governing council, among many other roles. Biography
<mask> was born on Pitcairn Island on 28 June 1959, the second child of Jacob Ralph "Chippie" <mask> (1920–2007) and Mavis Mary Brown (born 1936).<mask> is the sister of <mask> (born 1950) who served as the third mayor of the Pitcairn Islands (2004–2007), and previously as the colony's 29th magistrate (1991–1997). She is a first cousin of <mask> (born 1964), the colony's fourth mayor (2007–2014). She is the descendant of mutineers from the famed Mutiny on the Bounty (1789) and of the Tahitian men and women who journeyed with the mutineers in settling the island in 1790. Artist, poet, author and many other jobs
<mask> is a poet, and the author of two books, including Mi Base side orn Pitcairn ("My Favourite Place on Pitcairn"), written with children on Pitcairn Island. It is the first book written and published in Pitkern and English. Her works include a cookbook, Taste of Pitcairn featuring the cuisine of the Pitcairn Islands, and poetry in both Pitkern and English. In 2007, <mask> revived Pitcairn's tradition of art created on tapa cloth, a woven bark cloth common in Polynesian culture.Her works have been displayed in museums and galleries in Tahiti, Norfolk Island, and New Zealand. In 2011, she was one of seven artists awarded a Commonwealth Connections International Arts Residency, which provided a grant of £8,000 that allowed her to work with other artists in New Zealand. She is the first recipient from the Pitcairn Islands. Pitcairn has a small population. The island's 48 residents often serve in several capacities or jobs. <mask> describes her many roles on her personal website:
Travelling with patients to New Zealand and Tahiti and taking up Nursing, Radio Operator for the shore to ship skeds from ZBP station and twice daily contact with Auckland international Radio telephone link, Working in our Co-op store, Council member for many years as well as being the Governors appointee member to council a few times, Becoming the first female Police & Immigration Officer for a few years. Lands Commission president, Lands court member, Bee keeper since 1978.ASL operator for siesmic Vault, Installing wireless networking throughout Adamstown, Duncan cleaner, Contract Lawnmowing jobs, and many misc jobs inc Tourism and Entertainment. PHEWWwww. it became apprent to me that what I enjoy most is my art. (T)his is getting pushed aside whilst I am working these time consuming no pay or low paid positions which was making me very tired and yes. ... Bitchy

Beginning in 1996, <mask> served as the island's only police officer. However, since no one had been arrested on the island since the 1950s, her duties involved issuing driving licences and stamping visitors' passports. <mask> had no qualifications or formal training to be a police officer, and was given the job because everyone on the island had a "job".The island's jail was described as "the size of a garden shed and riddled with termites", and its cells had been used to store building materials and lifejackets. When the island came into the international spotlight due to a sexual abuse scandal, a law enforcement professional sent to the island criticized their practices, stating "It was glaringly obvious ... that their standard of policing was not really adequate." <mask> was elected on 15 December 2004 to the Island Council. As a radio operator, she broadcasts under the call sign VP6MW. Pitcairn's sexual abuse trial

<mask> was an outspoken critic of accusations that the island's girls had been sexually abused when young, and the prosecution of a selected number of Pitcairn's male residents. She claimed that young girls on Pitcairn customarily became sexually active after age 12, a practice of underage sex that had been accepted as a Polynesian tradition since the settlement of the island in 1790. One resident, Olive Christian, said of her girlhood, "We all thought sex was like food on the table."Many Pitcairn Island men blamed the British police for persuading the women involved to press charges. Some of the women agreed, and advocated a conspiracy theory that the trial was, in <mask>'s words, "a British plot to jail the [community's] able-bodied men and 'close' the island", and that the British officials "picked on all the viable young men, the ones who are the backbone of this place". A majority of the island's residents denied or excused the allegations. During the trial, <mask> circulated a poem titled "Is Seven a Lucky Number?" that criticized the British government and lawyers' attempts to impose British law against their island's traditions. "There's never an age consent set in our Laws
Oh 16 is in the British clause
What book they choose
What next law will they ruse
Why must these Seven men be used"

As the case wore on, <mask> reflected that "the bottom had fallen out of our world ... We lost our trust for each other." Her brother, <mask>, who was accused of "indecent assault", was the only defendant among the seven accused to be acquitted on 24 October 2004.<mask> was convicted of assault during a drunken disagreement with another resident when the two were angered by tensions over the sexual abuse matter. The case was prosecuted by a Crown prosecutor and tried by a New Zealand magistrate. <mask> was fined NZ$60. The case cost the British government NZ$40,000 to prosecute. Works
 1986: A Taste of Pitcairn: The First Pitcairn Island Cookbook
 2008: Mi Base side orn Pitcairn ("My Favourite Place on Pitcairn") (compiler)
 2010: A Taste of Pitcairn: The First Pitcairn Island Cookbook (updated edition)

See also
 Politics of the Pitcairn Islands
 List of rulers of the Pitcairn Islands

References

External links
 Pitcairn Islands Online
 Pacific Union Collage – Pitcairn Islands Study Centre

1959 births
Living people
Pitcairn Islands nurses
Pitcairn Islands writers
Pitcairn Islands politicians
Women poets
21st-century women artists
Pitcairn Islands people of Polynesian descent
Pitcairn Islands people of English descent
Pitcairn Islands people of American descent
Pitcairn Islands people of Saint Kitts and Nevis descent
Pitcairn Islands people of Scottish descent
Pitcairn Islands people of Manx descent
21st-century poets
21st-century women writers
21st-century women politicians

masks:
Meralda Elva Junior Warren
Warren
Warren
Warren
Warren
Jay Warren
Mike Warren
Warren
Warren
Warren
Warren
Warren
Warren
Warren
Warren
Warren
Warren
Jay Warren
Warren
Warren


title: Henry Hill (American football)

texts:
<mask> (born c. 1949) is a former American football player. He played at the defensive guard position as a walk-on for the University of Michigan from 1968 to 1970. He was chosen as the co-captain and Most Valuable Player on the 1970 Michigan Wolverines football team and a first-team All-American that same year. Early years
A native of Detroit, Michigan, <mask> is the youngest child in a family of five boys and two girls. He attended Detroit's Martin Luther King High School where he played football at the tight end position. University of Michigan

Walk-on status
Because of his size, <mask> was not heavily recruited by major college teams. Interviewed in 1970, <mask> recalled, "I was a tight end in high school and I didn't get many scholarship offers because my size was marginal.You don't see too many 5-10 tight ends around." <mask> enrolled at the University of Michigan on a Michigan Opportunity Grant, a scholarship offered to under-privileged students with strong academic backgrounds. Interviewed by a reporter from the UPI in 1969, <mask> said, "It's an academic scholarship. One of those kind they give to ghetto kids. My family was too poor to send me to school." <mask> tried out for the Michigan football team at the invitation of George Mans, Michigan's offensive ends coach. He recalled that, during his try-out, they threw a ball to him, and the ball bounced off his head, resulting in his being converted into a lineman.He played briefly for Michigan's freshman football team in 1967 but quit midway through the season to concentrate on his studies. 1968 season
In the spring of 1968, <mask> tried out for Michigan's varsity football team. He made the cut and was listed as a fourth-string defensive lineman at the conclusion of spring practice. Damer recalled, "I just stuck it out, figuring I'd get to play some." By the time the 1968 football season began, <mask> had been promoted to second-string status. The coaching staff was impressed by <mask>'s quickness, and he played in all 10 games for the 1968 team, including 7 games as the starting middle guard. His rise in 1968 from the fourth-string to starter was so rapid that his picture did not appear in the team's 1968 game program.The Toledo Blade in October 1968 ran a feature story on <mask> and noted: "At 5-10, 200 pounds, <mask> isn't big enough to play Big 10 football. Try telling that to <mask>. ... <mask> is a walk-on (non-scholarship) who made it big for the Wolverines. He's small, but he is tough, and he loves to play football." <mask> finished the 1968 season as one of Michigan's statistical leaders on defense with 72 tackles, including 50 solo tackles and 16 tackles for loss. 1969 season
In 1969, <mask> started all 11 games for the Wolverines at the middle guard position on defense and also started three games as a guard on offense. He led the team with 90 tackles during the 1969 season.<mask> was routinely double-teamed in 1969 and 1970. Michigan head coach Bo Schembechler said of <mask>, "I don't think any team in the country can adequately contain <mask> with one-on-one blocking." <mask> expressed frustration at being double-teamed, but recognized its value to the team: "Sometimes, I'm even getting triple-teamed on the pass rush. But that's got to help our defense so it's okay with me. If they do that, it leaves eight or nine men to play offense and we have ten men to play defense." <mask> was named United Press International's Midwest Lineman of the Week after recording nine solo tackles and two assists against Minnesota in 1969. Following the game, <mask> explained to reporters "with a trace of incredulity" in his voice, "They didn't double team me."In Michigan's rivalry game against Ohio State in 1969, he had 13 tackles, leading The Michigan Daily to note that <mask> had demonstrated to his Ohio State counterpart, All-American Jim Stillwagon, "just who is the best middle guard in the conference." 1970 season
<mask> was selected as the defensive captain for the 1970 Michigan Wolverines football team, serving as co-captain with quarterback Don Moorhead. He started all 10 games as the Wolverines middle guard on defense and accumulated 69 tackles, including 12 tackles for loss. At the end of the 1970 season, <mask> was selected by his teammate as the team's Most Valuable Player along with Don Moorhead. He was also selected by the Central Press Association in 1970 as a first-team All-American and by the Associated Press as a second-team All-American. Reputation for quickness
<mask> developed a reputation as one of the quickest players at his position, as reflected in the following comments from football reporters:
Prior to the 1970 Rose Bowl, a Southern California newspaper said of <mask>: "Quickness is his biggest asset. He is as fast as any player on the team, has great upper arm and shoulder strength and is strong enough to keep from being knocked out of a play."In November 1970, the Associated Press ran a feature story referring to <mask> as a "cat-quick" middle guard whose "forte is superquick lateral movement." The Christian Science Monitor referred to <mask> as "the 'unblockable' middle guard <mask>." The Chicago Tribune wrote, "Tho not physically imposing at 5-11 and 220 pounds, he uses great quickness to blow past a blocker." When Bo Schembechler took over as Michigan's coach in 1969, <mask> acknowledged being "a little overweight" at 223 pounds. When <mask> told the new coach he could run 40 yards in 4.6 seconds, Schembechler said, "Aw come on, you're kidding me." To Schembechler's surprise, <mask> proceeded to run the 40 in 4.6 seconds. <mask> was not selected in the 1971 NFL Draft, and the omission of the "cat-quick" middle guard was reported as one of the "conspicuous absences from the draft lists."<mask> noted that he didn't expect to get drafted, although he added he would like a chance to become pro. References

External links
<mask> - Football All-American

Michigan Wolverines football players
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)

masks:
Henry Hill
Hill
Hill
Hill
Hill
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Hill
Hill
Hill
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Henry
Henry
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Henry Hill
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Hill
Henry Hill


title: Doug Christie (lawyer)

texts:
<mask>, Jr. (April 24, 1946 – March 11, 2013) was a Canadian lawyer and political activist based in Victoria, British Columbia, who was known nationally for his defence of clients such as Holocaust denier Ernst Zündel, former Nazi prison guard Michael Seifert and right-wing extremist Paul Fromm among others. <mask> was born in Winnipeg, Manitoba, and graduated from the law school of the University of British Columbia in 1970. He was the founder and general counsel of the Canadian Free Speech League and was best known for defending individuals accused of Nazi war crimes or racist, anti-Semitic or neo-Nazi activity. He was also the founder and leader of the Western Canada Concept, a separatist party which ran in British Columbia and federally, and the Western Block Party, a right-wing federal political party advocating the separation of British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan and Manitoba from Canadian Confederation. He first came to national attention as a lawyer in 1983 when he became James Keegstra's attorney after the schoolteacher was fired from his job and criminally charged with willfully promoting hatred by teaching his students that there was a Jewish conspiracy, along with spreading other antisemitic ideas. His defence of Keegstra brought him to the attention of Ernst Zündel who retained <mask> in September 1984 to defend him against criminal charges related to Holocaust denial with co-counsel Barbara Kulaszka. <mask> enlisted the assistance of outspoken civil libertarian Dr. Gary Botting, who in 1984 had published a book on George Orwell and Jehovah's Witnesses.<mask> subpoenaed Dr. Botting as an expert witness to both the Zündel trial in Toronto and the Keegstra trial in Red Deer Alberta, where Botting had conducted a survey demonstrating that Keegstra could not get a fair trial in Red Deer because of pretrial publicity. The Alberta Court of Appeal ruled that the judge should have allowed Botting's evidence to be heard. Later, Botting became the first recipient of the George Orwell Free Speech Award after giving up his teaching post  as a professor of English at Red Deer College and entering law school. He eventually articled for <mask> in Victoria, from where he worked on several of <mask>'s most notorious cases. However, Botting subsequently went to great lengths to distance himself from <mask>. "It is clear to me that your Canadian Free Speech League is merely a front for an anti-semitic, Pro-Nazi agenda." Botting wrote in a public letter to <mask>, continuing: "In the Canadian Free Speech League, the only opinions truly allowed are those which conform to your own.And those opinions, as you well know, are antisemitic and almost blatantly pro-Nazi. It is no coincidence that both you and Ernst Zündel usually celebrate your birthdays [Both are on April 24] on April 20, Hitler's Birthday. It is no coincidence that most of the Canadian Free Speech League annual awards ceremonies have been held as close to that date as possible." <mask> would act as Zündel's attorney in several cases over the subsequent two decades up to Zündel's deportation from Canada in 2005. In addition to his extensive work on freedom of expression cases, <mask> participated in wide range of causes touching on issues of individual liberties more generally. He represented numerous individuals in civil actions against the police, in an effort to ensure police accountability, and in 1987 successfully represented Gary Botting in a defamation suit against Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC). "There is a growing gulf between the police and public trust, which can only be fixed and crossed with any hope of restoration of faith when the police are judged for their conduct by the public themselves and not by their constant co-workers in the system itself", <mask> wrote in a letter to the Victoria Times-Colonist."The essential ingredient of a society where citizens and police are in agreement on the enforcement of the law is simply that the law applies to police and citizens in equal measure. The police cannot be above the law. With the present system of accountability, that impression is well-founded." <mask> also acted in child apprehension cases, most notably that of Paul and Zabeth Bayne, a Hope, BC couple whose children were seized by the Ministry of Children and Family Development for four years, then eventually returned. From 2007 to 2010, <mask> represented Bruce and Donna Montague in a constitutional challenge of Canada's gun registry and other firearms laws. The constitutional challenge was ultimately dismissed by the Ontario Court of Appeal, but <mask> continued to represent the Montagues in their efforts to resist civil and criminal forfeiture applications by the Crown. In January 2012, <mask> became the first lawyer to successfully challenge an application under British Columbia's Civil Forfeiture Act, when the BC Supreme Court found that the retroactive forfeiture of a truck subsequent to a criminal prosecution was "clearly not in the interests of justice".This decision was upheld on appeal. In September, 2012, <mask> successfully defended Terry Tremaine, a Regina math instructor charged under Section 319(2) of the Criminal Code, by establishing that there had been unreasonable delay in bringing the case against him to trial. Politics

<mask> became leader of British Columbia's provincial WCC, and led it through provincial elections in that province through the 1980s and 1990s. <mask> never won a seat at the provincial or federal level, nor did the BC WCC ever win any seats in the provincial elections it contested. <mask> continued to run an organization with the "Western Canada Concept" name up to the time of his death, but it is no longer a registered political party except at the provincial level in British Columbia, which has relatively lax party registration laws. In 2005, <mask> announced his intention to form a new federal political party to be called the Western Block Party which would be a Western Canadian version of the Bloc Québécois in that its role in the House of Commons of Canada would be to act as a regional separatist party. The WCC and WBP are not affiliated with the Separation Party of Alberta or the Western Independence Party of Saskatchewan.Officials in these parties have distanced themselves from <mask> – for example, they do not include links to the WCC or WBP on their websites even though the SPA and WIPS do link to one another. The WBP was officially registered with Elections Canada prior to the 2006 federal election. <mask> ran in the riding of Esquimalt—Juan de Fuca in British Columbia, finishing fifth in a field of six. Canadian Free Speech League
<mask> was general counsel for an organization called the Canadian Free Speech League (CFSL), which has presented its "George Orwell Award" to controversial figures including BC columnist <mask>, who authored an article titled Swindler's List attacking Steven Spielberg's Holocaust film Schindler's List. Professional misconduct

Law Society of Upper Canada
The Law Society of Upper Canada looked into disciplining <mask> for his conduct during the Imre Finta trial. The Society's discipline chair, Harvey Strosberg, declined to issue a complaint against <mask> but stressed that <mask>'s remarks during the trial "clearly disclose that he has crossed the line separating counsel from client: he has made common cause with a small, lunatic, anti-Semitic fringe element in our society. We know who Mr. <mask> is.Suffering Mr. <mask>'s words and opinions is part of the price one pays for upholding and cherishing freedom of speech in a free and democratic society. And society must be willing to accept this price. Mr. <mask>'s anti-Semitic comments were not akin to the cry of fire in a crowded theatre. His theatre was mostly empty." The Law Society of British Columbia
On 11 September 2007, The Law Society of British Columbia issued a hearing report finding that <mask> had committed professional misconduct in his civil litigation practice. <mask> had been cited for his role in preparing and signing certain improper documents headed "Subpoena for Documents" and having them served on parties uninvolved in the litigation. <mask> was seeking, from a hospital, a bank, and a traveller cheque company, private health and financial records.In British Columbia, according to expert testimony heard by the Law Society's hearing panel, "litigants are not entitled to compel testimony from a third party prior to trial without a court order nor to compel the production of documents from a third party prior to trial or from a third party not called on a trial without a court order." The Law Society hearing panel found that some of <mask>'s testimony in his own defence was not believable. The panel found that <mask>'s conduct was dishonourable, and that in his zeal to pursue the case on behalf of his clients, <mask> had overlooked his professional responsibilities. On 17 December 2007, the Law Society's panel gave its decision on the penalty to be imposed on <mask>. The panel noted that prior to this incident, <mask>'s professional conduct record had been unblemished for over 30 years. The panel accepted that <mask>'s professional misconduct arose out of stress and an excessive zeal to help his client, rather than a desire for personal gain. The panel therefore imposed a fine on <mask> of $2,500.The panel ordinarily would have ordered <mask> to pay the Law Society's costs and expenses of the hearing, which in this case amounted to approximately $50,000. However, the panel had evidence that <mask>'s annual income over the past five years had averaged slightly over $50,000 net before tax. Therefore, the panel required <mask> to pay $20,000 in respect of costs, rather than the full amount. Death
<mask> was diagnosed with prostate cancer in 2011 and died of metastatic liver disease in Victoria's Royal Jubilee Hospital in 2013. Electoral record

References

External links

Western Block Party official site
Western Canada Concept official site

1946 births
2013 deaths
British Columbia political party leaders
British Columbia candidates for Member of Parliament
Deaths from cancer in British Columbia
Candidates in British Columbia provincial elections
Candidates in the 2006 Canadian federal election
Deaths from liver cancer
Independent candidates in the 1988 Canadian federal election
Lawyers in British Columbia
Politicians from Victoria, British Columbia
Politicians from Winnipeg
Western Canada Concept politicians
Peter A. Allard School of Law alumni
Western Canadian separatists

masks:
Douglas Hewson Christie
Career Christie
Christie
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Doug Collins
Christie
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