title: Mark Thompson (media executive)

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<mask> (born 31 July 1957) is a British media executive who is Chairman of the Board of Directors of Ancestry, the largest for-profit genealogy company in the world. He is the former president and chief executive officer of The New York Times Company. From 2004 to 2012, he served as Director-General of the BBC, and before that was the Chief Executive of Channel 4. In 2009 <mask> was ranked as the 65th most powerful person in the world by Forbes magazine. He was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 2017. Early life
<mask> was born in London, England, and brought up in Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire, by his mother, Sydney Corduff, his sister, Katherine, and father, <mask>. Sydney was Irish, the daughter of a County Donegal policeman.Duncan was an accountant from Preston who died when <mask> was twelve after suffering from chronic illness and depression. <mask> was educated by Jesuits at the independent school Stonyhurst College in Lancashire, and then went to Merton College, Oxford where he took a first in English. He edited the university magazine, Isis. Early career
<mask> first joined the BBC as a production trainee in 1979. His career at the corporation included a number of roles. In 1981 he assisted in the launch of the long-running consumer programme Watchdog. Two years later he was part of the team that created British television's first national breakfast television programme, Breakfast Time.In 1985 <mask> became the Output Editor of Newsnight and in 1988, at the age of 30, he was promoted to Editor of the Nine O'Clock News. In 1990 he became Editor of Panorama. He was made Head of Features in 1992 and Head of Factual Programmes in 1994. In 1996 <mask> succeeded Michael Jackson as Controller of BBC2. He commissioned series including The Cops, The Royle Family, Our Mutual Friend and The Fast Show. He left BBC Two in 1999 and was replaced by Jane Root, who became the channel's first female Controller. In 1999 <mask> was named Director, National and Regional Broadcasting at the BBC.He became the BBC Director of Television in 2000, but left the corporation in March 2002 to become Chief Executive of Channel 4. He succeeded Michael Jackson in the role, and left in 2004 to be succeeded by Andy Duncan. Director-General of the BBC

Appointment

<mask> was appointed Director-General of the BBC on 21 May 2004. He succeeded Greg Dyke, who resigned on 29 January 2004 in the aftermath of the Hutton Inquiry. Although he had originally stated he was not interested in the role of Director-General and would turn down any approach from the BBC, he changed his mind, saying the job was a "one-of-a-kind opportunity". The decision to appoint <mask> Director-General was made unanimously by the BBC Board of Governors, headed by the then new Chairman Michael Grade (another former chief executive of Channel 4). His appointment was widely praised: Culture Secretary Tessa Jowell, Shadow Culture Secretary Julie Kirkbride and Greg Dyke were amongst those who supported his selection.He took up the role of Director-General on 22 June 2004 (<mask> had been Acting Director-General since Dyke's resignation). On his first day he announced several management changes, including the replacement of the BBC's sixteen-person executive committee with a slimmed-down executive board of nine top managers. Editorial guideline breaches

In 2007 it emerged that the BBC had been involved in a number of editorial guideline breaches. <mask>, as BBC editor-in-chief, investigated the breaches, and presented his interim report to the BBC Trust on 18 July 2007. The Trust felt that the BBC's values of accuracy and honesty had been compromised, and <mask> outlined to the Trust the actions he would take to restore confidence. Later that day he told BBC staff, via an internal televised message, that deception of the public was never acceptable. He said that he, himself, had never deceived the public – it would never have occurred to him to do so, and that he was sure that the same applied to the "overwhelming majority" of BBC staff.He also spoke on BBC News 24 and was interviewed by Gavin Esler for Newsnight. He stated that "from now on, if it [deceiving the public] happens we will show people the door." Staff were emailed on 19 July 2007 and later in the year all staff, including the Director-General, undertook a Safeguarding Trust course. Programme production criticism
In late 2007, <mask>'s directorship at the BBC was criticised. Sir Richard Eyre, former artistic director of the National Theatre, accused the BBC under <mask>'s leadership of failing to produce programmes "that inspired viewers to visit galleries, museums or theatres". He was also criticised by Tony Palmer, a multi-award-winning filmmaker. Of the BBC, Palmer stated that it "has a worldwide reputation which it has abrogated and that's shameful.In the end, the buck stops with <mask>. He is a catastrophe." The Russell Brand Show prank telephone calls row

In October 2008, <mask> had to cut short a family holiday to return to Britain to deal with the arrival of The Russell Brand Show prank telephone calls row. <mask> took the executive decision to suspend the BBC's highest paid presenter, Jonathan Ross, from all his BBC work for three months without pay. He also said it was the controversial star's last warning. Nevertheless, <mask> reiterated the BBC's commitment to Ross' style of "edgy comedy", claiming that "BBC audiences accept that, in comedy, performers attempt to push the line of taste". <mask> had previously defended the star's conduct and salary in 2006, when he described Ross as "outstanding" and claimed that "the very best people" deserved appropriately high salaries.In September 2010 <mask> acknowledged some of the BBC's previous political bias he had witnessed early in his career. He stated: "In the BBC I joined 30 years ago there was, in much of current affairs, in terms of people's personal politics, which were quite vocal, a massive bias to the left". He added: "the organisation did struggle then with impartiality". Jerry Springer: The Opera blasphemy allegations
He was criticised by religious groups in relation to the broadcast of Jerry Springer: The Opera, with a private prosecution brought against the BBC for blasphemy. Lord Pannick QC appeared and won the case. The High Court ruled that the cult musical was not blasphemous, and Pannick stated that Judge Tubbs had "acted within her powers and made the only decision she could lawfully have made; while religious beliefs were integral to British society, so is freedom of expression, especially to matters of social and moral importance." Accusations of pro-Israeli editorial stance
A number of commentators have suggested that <mask> has a pro-Israeli editorial stance, particularly since he supported the controversial decision by the BBC not to broadcast the DEC Gaza appeal in January 2009.Complaints to the BBC about the decision, numbering nearly 16,000, were directed to a statement by <mask>. In May 2011, <mask> ordered the lyrics 'free Palestine' in a rap on BBC Radio 1Xtra to be censored. During a meeting of the British Parliament's Culture and Media Committee in June 2012, <mask> also issued an apology for not devoting more coverage to the murders of an Israeli settler family in the West Bank, saying the "network got it wrong" – despite the fact that the incident occurred on the same day as the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami. Tam Dean Burn wrote in The Herald: "I would argue that this bias has moved on apace since <mask> went to Israel in 2005 and signed a deal with prime minister Ariel Sharon on the BBC's coverage of the conflict." Nick Griffin Question Time appearance
In October 2009, <mask> defended the decision by the BBC to invite British National Party leader Nick Griffin to appear on the Question Time programme following criticism by Labour politicians including Home Secretary Alan Johnson and Secretary of State for Wales Peter Hain. The decision also led to protests outside BBC Television Centre by UAF campaigners. <mask> said: "It is a straightforward matter of fact that... the BNP has demonstrated a level of support which would normally lead to an occasional invitation to join the panel on Question Time.It is for that reason alone... that the invitation has been extended. The case against inviting the BNP to appear on Question Time is a case for censorship... Democratic societies sometimes do decide that some parties and organisations are beyond the pale. As a result, they proscribe them and/or ban them from the airwaves. My point is simply that the drastic steps of proscription and censorship can only be taken by government and parliament... It is unreasonable and inconsistent to take the position that a party like the BNP is acceptable enough for the public to vote for, but not acceptable enough to appear on democratic platforms like Question Time. If there is a case for censorship, it should be debated and decided in parliament. Political censorship cannot be outsourced to the BBC or anyone else."Earning controversy
In 2010, <mask> was identified as the highest paid employee of any public sector organisation in the UK, earning between £800,000 and £900,000 per year. In January 2010, <mask> was criticised over his apparent £834,000 salary by BBC presenter Stephen Sackur, who told him "there are huge numbers of people in the organisation who think your salary is plain wrong and corrosive." Formula One broadcast rights
<mask> was Director-General of the BBC when on 29 July 2011 it was announced that the corporation would no longer televise all Formula One Grand Prix live, instead agreeing to split the broadcast between the BBC and Sky Sports. This prompted an outcry from several thousand fans and a motion on the UK Government e-petition site. On 2 September 2011, <mask> and several "senior BBC figures" were called upon by the House of Commons to answer questions over the exact nature of the broadcast arrangement. Jimmy Savile
Though <mask> departed the BBC before public exposure of the Jimmy Savile sexual abuse scandal and is not noted in the BBC chronology of the unfolding coverage, <mask> faced questions about his role in the events around Savile's actions and BBC coverage of them. Per a New York Times review, <mask> denied knowing of a BBC Newsnight program on accusations against Savile before the programme was dropped soon after Savile's death in October 2011.Legacy at the BBC
<mask> left the BBC in September 2012 after thirty years working at the corporation. The Independent said the BBC was in "apparent great shape" with his departure and the BBC Trust's chairman, Chris Patten, described his directorship as "outstanding". Fertility expert and presenter Robert Winston criticised <mask>'s leadership. President and CEO of The New York Times Company

On 14 August 2012, <mask> was named CEO of The New York Times Company, effective 12 November 2012. He was brought on to accelerate the company's digital transition and extend its global reach, and in this role he directs strategy and oversees business operations. <mask> invested heavily in the Times' digital products, and has attributed increased autonomy for the digital product teams as "the single biggest reason" for the news outlet's success. In 2013, he hired Meredith Kopit Levien as chief revenue officer and promoted her to chief operating officer in 2017.<mask> has been critical of Google and Facebook. He has said the Times seeks to be a destination and not reliant on the platforms, and hopes to "more reliably turn engagement into a regular revenue stream". In 2018, he gave a speech at the Open Markets Institute in Washington, D.C., in which he described Facebook's policy of labeling political news as ads as "a threat to democracy". According to a filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission, <mask>'s total compensation in 2019 was $6.1 million, including salary and stock awards. In 2015, he pledged to transform the Times into an "international institution", the same way "we once successfully turned a metro paper into a national one". The Times now has more international digital subscribers than it had total digital subscribers when <mask> took over as CEO. Under <mask>'s leadership, The New York Times became the first news organization in the world to pass the one million digital-only subscription mark.As of May 2020, the company surpassed 5 million digital-only subscriptions, and 6 million total subscriptions, accounting for nearly sixty percent of the company's revenue. In 2015, <mask> set the goal of doubling the company's digital revenue by 2020. The goal was met ahead of schedule in 2019. The company's new goal is to have 10 million subscriptions by 2025. He has also predicted that the print paper will last for at least 15 more years. In July 2020, he was replaced by Meredith Kopit Levien as CEO and president of the New York Times Company. Chairman of Ancestry

In January 2021 <mask> was appointed as Chairman of the Board of Directors of Ancestry.Enough Said
In 2016, <mask> published Enough Said: What's Gone Wrong with the Language of Politics? in which he condemns political discourse that is "just a fight to the political death, a fight in which every linguistic weapon is fair game" and is critical of the rejection of science and expertise, writing that this has disastrous policymaking consequences. <mask> also criticised false balance in news reporting. The book was favorably reviewed by Andrew Rawnsley, who called it an "important study" that "identifies many culprits for the destructiveness of political debate." John Lloyd, writing in the Financial Times, praised the work as reflective and an "intricately but also urgently argued book." The Washington Post said the book shows that <mask> "believes devoutly in the importance ... of intelligent and productive public discussion". Personal life

<mask> is a Roman Catholic, and was educated at the English Jesuit public school, Stonyhurst College, from 1970 to 1975.In 2010, The Tablet named him as one of Britain's most influential Roman Catholics. <mask> lives in the United States with his wife Jane Blumberg (daughter of Baruch Samuel Blumberg) whom he married in 1987. They have two sons and one daughter. He is a member of the Reform Club and a patron of the Art Room charity in Oxford. In 2002 he joined the board of trustees of Media Trust, the UK's leading communications charity. <mask> has served on the board of directors for The New York Times Company and the Royal Shakespeare Company. In September 2021 it was announced that <mask> would co-chair - with Filipino journalist and editor Maria Ressa - the International Fund for Public Interest Media.In 2011, <mask> was awarded an Honorary Doctorate by Edge Hill University,  and 2015, he was awarded a Honorary Doctor of Letters from Sacred Heart University. In 2012, <mask> served as the first Humanitas Visiting Professor in Rhetoric and the Art of Public Persuasion at the University of Oxford. See also

 New Yorkers in journalism

References
Specific citations:

Other references:

 Channel 4 boss lands BBC top job (BBC)
 New BBC boss announces shake-up (BBC)
 <mask> "to transform BBC" (BBC)
 Will <mask> be toast over the day he bit a BBC colleague? (Guardian)
 BBC boss sank teeth into his newsroom colleague (Telegraph)
 Biting comment over job cuts at the BBC (Times)
 Thompson welcomes strike suspension (BBC)
 BBC Resources sell-off delayed (Press Gazette)
 <mask> sells BBC Broadcast – which becomes Red Bee Media (BBC)
 Thompson flogs Books – to Random House (BBC)
 BBC changes mark a digital future (BBC)
 Creative Future and Looney Tunes (Guardian)
 Media Trust

External links
 About the BBC: <mask> (BBC biography – includes salary and expenses data)
 <mask>'s blog (BBC)

1957 births
Living people
Businesspeople from London
People educated at Stonyhurst College
Alumni of Merton College, Oxford
People from Welwyn Garden City
British Roman Catholics
BBC Two controllers
BBC executives
British television executives
The New York Times corporate staff
British Christians
Channel 4 people
Members of the American Philosophical Society
Fellows of Merton College, Oxford

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title: Edgar Thomas Conley

type: original

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<mask> (April 12, 1874 – August 21, 1956) was an officer in the United States Army who served as Adjutant General from 1935 to 1938. Early life
<mask> was born 12 April 1874 in Fairland, Montgomery County, Maryland, United States of America. Son of Charles William and Martha E. (Larrick<mask>, who owned a family farm called Green Ridge. <mask> was apparently named for an uncle born in 1840, who was a member of the 2d Maryland (Confederate Army) who died during the American Civil War. After graduating from Episcopal High School, in Alexandria, Virginia, <mask> attended Lehigh University for a semester and then entered Braden's preparatory school in Highland Falls. He was admitted to the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York 15 June 1893. In 1905 <mask> married Claire M<mask>, who was born in Ontario Canada, but became a naturalized citizen around 1900.The couple met when <mask> was assigned to Fort Niagara, New York, and the marriage produced three children. Military career

Early Years

<mask> <mask> successfully completed his studies at West Point, where he earned the lifetime nickname of "Sheriff" for mediating a fight between cadets, and did well both academically and in extracurricular activities. <mask> graduated and was commissioned a 2nd Lieutenant of Infantry on 11 June 1887. After a brief stint with the US 15th Infantry in the New Mexico Territory, newly promoted 1st Lieutenant <mask> was assigned to Company G, 21st Infantry on 1 February 1898. The 21st Infantry was deployed for service in the Spanish-American War, landing on Cuba with the Fifth Army Corps in late June 1898. On 1 July 1898, the 21st Infantry took part in the assault on San Juan Hill outside Santiago, Cuba. Lieutenant <mask> was cited for gallantry in the battle, making him eligible to wear the Silver Star Medal when it was approved in 1932.Soon thereafter, the 21st Infantry was shipped to the Philippines to reinforce the American Army dealing with the growing Philippine Insurrection. There, <mask> took part in many operations around Manila and outlying districts, earning commendation from the senior leaders for his skill in the field. Captain <mask> remained with the 21st Infantry as it returned to the United States, before serving at Fort Niagara, and back in the Philippines. For a period of time, Captain <mask> was assigned as the Professor of Military Science and Tactics (PMS&T) at the Maryland Agriculture College (today part of the University of Maryland). World War I Era Service
After the American declaration of war and entry into World War I, Major <mask>, along with most prewar Regular Army officers) received temporary promotions in the National Army (forerunner of the modern United States Army Reserve). <mask> was promoted to Lieutenant Colonel (National Army) on 5 August 1917, followed by orders to The Adjutant General's Office at the War Department in Washington, D.C., on 20 August 1917. <mask> was promoted to Colonel (National Army) on 6 February 1918.<mask> transferred to the Office of the Chief of Staff in April 1918, were he remained until sailing for France in September 1918. While in France, <mask> completed the Command and Staff College Course at Langres, France before joining the American Expeditionary Force's office of the Provost Marshal in January 1919. There <mask> worked as the Chief of the prisoners of war division for the AEF, for which he received a letter of commendation from the Provost Marshal General. Colonel <mask> departed France on 2 December 1919, and returned to the United States. Postwar Service
Colonel <mask> seems to have returned to work at the Adjutant General's office, although he was not officially transferred to the Adjutant General's Department until 1 May 1922. In the interim, <mask> was honorably discharged from the National Army on 30 June 1920, and recommissioned as a Colonel in the Regular Army on 1 July 1920. During the same time period, Colonel <mask> was awarded the Distinguished Service Medal on 21 November 1921:

<mask><mask>, colonel, Infantry, United States Army.For exceptionally meritorious and distinguished services as the Chief of the Prisoners of War Division, the Provost Marshal General's Department. He had charge of and was responsible for all matters concerning the prisoners of war labor companies, escort companies, and inclosures (sic). His sound judgment, marked ability, and devotion to duty resulted in the handling of the delicate prisoner of war questions in such a manner as to produce only commendation. His services were especially valuable to the Government. Address: Care of The Adjutant General of the Army, Washington D.C. Entered Military Academy from Maryland. Colonel <mask> remained at the War Department through the remainder of the 1920s and early 1930s.On 1 June 1933, <mask> was appointed as assistant to the adjutant general with a concurrent promotion to brigadier general. On 1 November 1935 <mask> was promoted to major general and appointed as The Adjutant General of the Army. Major General <mask> retired on 30 April 1938 to due to mandatory age. Personal life
Of <mask>'s children, <mask><mask> Jr. followed his father to West Point and was commissioned into the U.S. Army. Lieutenant Colonel <mask><mask> Jr. commanded a tank battalion from the D-Day landings to the end of the war in the European Theater of World War II. In 1927, <mask> inherited the family farm "Green Ridge" near Fairland, Maryland. <mask> lived there when assigned to duty in the region, and spent his off-duty time in tending the farm.After his retirement, <mask> retired to Green Ridge, and devoted his time to farming, family and volunteering at his local church. General <mask> died at home on 20 August 1956. See also

 List of Adjutant Generals of the U.S. Army

References

Sources

1874 births
1956 deaths
Adjutants general of the United States Army
American military personnel of the Philippine–American War
United States Army personnel of World War I
American people of the Spanish–American War
People from Montgomery County, Maryland
Recipients of the Distinguished Service Medal (US Army)
United States Military Academy alumni

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title: Stuart McLean

texts:
<mask>,  (April 19, 1948 – February 15, 2017) was a Canadian radio broadcaster, humorist, monologist, and author, best known as the host of the CBC Radio program The Vinyl Cafe. Often described as a "story-telling comic" although his stories addressed both humorous and serious themes, he was known for fiction and non-fiction work which celebrated the decency and dignity of ordinary people, through stories which often highlighted the ability of their subjects, whether real or fictional, to persevere with grace and humour through embarrassing or challenging situations. Personal life
<mask> was born in Montreal West, the eldest of three children to Australian immigrant parents <mask> and Margaret Godkin. <mask> became interested in radio programming as a child, when his father bought him a Motorola radio to occupy his time while recovering from sickness. This fascination with radio stayed with <mask> throughout his adult life as he pursued a career in media and journalism. <mask> was educated at Lower Canada College and Bishop's College School in Quebec. He admitted to feeling like an outsider to the other students at the private school, feeling neither athletic enough nor smart enough to fit in.<mask> graduated from Sir George Williams University with a B.A. degree in 1971. Following his graduation, he worked in student services for Dawson College, and as campaign manager for Nick Auf der Maur in his first Montreal City Council election. <mask> married Linda Read, a potter, in 1982. They had two children together, Robert and Andrew, and <mask> was stepfather to Read's son, Christopher Trowbridge, from her first marriage. <mask> and Read later divorced in 2002. He was also a sponsor of the YMCA's Camp Kanawana, establishing a charitable fund to provide financial support for underprivileged youth to attend the camp, and served as honorary colonel of the Canadian Armed Forces' 8 Air Maintenance Squadron at CFB Trenton.Media career

Early work
<mask> first joined CBC Radio as a researcher for Cross Country Checkup in 1974, later becoming a documentarian for the radio program Sunday Morning. He won an ACTRA Award in 1979 for "Operation White Knight", his Sunday Morning documentary about the Jonestown Massacre. From 1981 until 1984 he was the show's executive producer. <mask> was a professor of journalism at Ryerson University from 1984 until 2004, when he retired and became a professor emeritus. When he died in 2017, former students of <mask> recalled how he concerned himself with their success in the journalism industry. CTV reporter Scott Lightfoot remarked, "I went to university twice, I took a lot of courses, I never had another professor offer to make phone calls on my behalf." During the 1980s and 1990s, he was a frequent contributor to and sometime guest host of Morningside, for which he often produced human interest documentaries and audio essays about everyday people and places.He would later characterize his Morningside work as celebrating "the importance of being unimportant", and as ultimately helping him find his own voice as a writer. Morningside host Peter Gzowski remembered fondly the work <mask> did for the program: ”On the surface, they seemed inconsequential, but in fact they were exquisitely crafted pieces of journalism.”

<mask> eventually compiled a selection of his work for Morningside in his first book, The Morningside World of <mask>. The book was a Canadian bestseller and a finalist for the 1990 Toronto Book Awards. Following the success of his first book, <mask> was approached by Penguin Books to write a travel memoir about life in small-town Canada. Released in 1992, Welcome Home: Travels in Smalltown Canada featured stories from seven small communities, and won the Canadian Authors Association for best non-fiction book in 1993. <mask> often reported for CBC news programs The Journal and The National, where he focused on human interest stories, talking to "regular people" and delving into their often funny or poignant experiences. These segments about everyday people helped to inspire The Vinyl Cafe, which in the same vein looked at the lives of average Canadians.The Vinyl Cafe

In 1994, <mask> launched The Vinyl Cafe as a summer series featuring stories about a fictional second-hand record store. Although the early stories focused on a diverse group of characters loosely linked through the titular Vinyl Cafe record store, by the time the series became a permanent one the stories were focused more squarely on the store's proprietor, Dave, and his family and friends. Following the show's second summer run in 1995, <mask> published Stories from the Vinyl Cafe, his first book in that series. The show joined CBC's permanent regular-season schedule in 1997. Beginning in 1998, <mask> took The Vinyl Cafe on the road to theatres across Canada and the United States. Some stories would be repeated at multiple shows—in particular, an early story about Dave's awkward attempt to cook a turkey for Christmas dinner became one of the most famous and most frequently performed stories of <mask>'s career—but <mask> would often perform slightly different versions of the stories to keep his audiences engaged. One episode of The Vinyl Cafe each year was also dedicated to the "Arthur Awards", <mask>'s own awards program to honour acts of kindness and community engagement by ordinary Canadians that might otherwise "go unheralded and even unnoticed".The Vinyl Cafe was broadcast every weekend on CBC Radio, and later as a weekly podcast. <mask>'s books of stories from The Vinyl Cafe won the Stephen Leacock Memorial Medal for Humour three times. Several albums of his performances of Vinyl Cafe stories were also released. In the 2010s a spinoff edition, Vinyl Café Stories, aired on CBC Radio in a weekday afternoon time-slot, featuring two previously broadcast stories on interrelated themes. Cancer treatment and death
Following <mask>'s diagnosis with melanoma in November 2015, The Vinyl Cafe stopped touring and producing episodes. <mask> announced on December 13, 2016, that he required a second round of treatment, meaning further delay in producing episodes, and that repeats of past shows would stop airing on CBC Radio One effective January 2017 to "make room for others to share their work on the radio." <mask> died of cancer on February 15, 2017 in Toronto, aged 68.His archive was donated to McMaster University. One day after his death in February 2017, a tribute special hosted by Michael Enright under the title Canada's Storyteller: A Tribute to <mask>, aired on CBC Radio; it was repeated the following Sunday in The Vinyl Cafe's former timeslot. CBC Radio's documentary series The Doc Project produced a special episode after <mask>'s death, re-airing his 1979 Sunday Morning documentary "The New Goldrush",  while Cross Country Checkup devoted a tribute episode to its own version of the Arthur Awards, asking callers to share stories of acts of kindness that had made a difference in their lives. In April 2018, Cross Country Checkup devoted a second episode to the question "Who would you nominate for <mask>'s Arthur Awards?" See also
List of Dave and Morley stories
List of Bishop's College School alumni

References

External links
<mask> profile at cbc.ca

1948 births
2017 deaths
Canadian people of Australian descent
Writers from Montreal
Anglophone Quebec people
CBC Radio hosts
Officers of the Order of Canada
Stephen Leacock Award winners
Sir George Williams University alumni
Ryerson University faculty
Canadian male short story writers
Bishop's College School alumni
20th-century Canadian short story writers
21st-century Canadian short story writers
Canadian storytellers
Deaths from melanoma
20th-century Canadian male writers
21st-century Canadian male writers

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title: Richard Bentley (publisher)

texts:
<mask> (24 October 1794 – 10 September 1871) was a 19th-century English publisher born into a publishing family. He started a firm with his brother in 1819. Ten years later, he went into partnership with the publisher Henry Colburn. Although the business was often successful, publishing the famous "Standard Novels" series, they ended their partnership in acrimony three years later. <mask> continued alone profitably in the 1830s and early 1840s, establishing the well-known periodical Bentley's Miscellany. However, the periodical went into decline after its editor, Charles Dickens, left. <mask>'s business started to falter after 1843 and he sold many of his copyrights.Only 15 years later did it begin to recover. Early life
<mask> came from a publishing family that stretched back three generations. His father, <mask>, and his uncle, John Nichols, published the General Evening Post, and Nichols also published the Gentleman's Magazine. <mask> was born in Fetter Lane, Fleet St, in London in 1794. He attended St Paul's School. <mask> and his brother, Samuel (1785–1868), both trained in publishing and in 1819 established their own firm in Dorset Street. (The Library of Congress identifies publisher name "S. and R.  <mask>", variant "S. & R. Bentley", LCCN: nr2002-014818.That is the first of four Bentley publisher names formally identified. See the footer.) The Bentley firm, according to the Dictionary of National Biography entry on <mask>, "became arguably the finest printers in London". They were the first to prominently feature wood-engraved illustrations. In 1823, <mask> married Charlotte Botten (1800–1871), daughter of Thomas Botten by his wife, Kezia Francis. They had nine children, one of whom, their eldest surviving son, <mask> (1828–1895), joined his father in the printing business. "Henry Colburn and <mask>"
On 3 June 1829, <mask> signed a partnership agreement with Henry Colburn.Colburn was in financial trouble and owed the Bentleys money. Rather than see him default, the two firms agreed to merge, with the agreement favouring Colburn. Over the course of a trial three-year period, <mask> was obliged to invest £2,500, find new manuscripts to publish, and act as bookkeeper. He would, in return, receive two-fifths of the profits. Colburn, on the other hand, provided three-fifths of the capital and received three-fifths of the profits. The two would make publishing decisions together. If the partnership failed before three years had passed, <mask> would be obliged to buy out Colburn for £10,000, with Colburn agreeing to publish only what he had published before the agreement.The new firm, Henry Colburn and Richard Bentley, which lasted a little over three years, was located at 8 New Burlington Street. The firm was generally successful, primarily because they "catered to public taste". They fed the market for silver fork novels, including Benjamin Disraeli's The Young Duke (1831) and works by Catherine Gore. Furthermore, almost all their novels were three-deckers, the length preferred by circulating libraries. Another element behind their success was their advertising, on which they spent £27,000 in the three years of the firm's existence. Not all of their ventures were successful, however. Among the notable failures were three series aimed at the increasing mass audiences: the National Library of General Knowledge, the Juvenile Library, and the Library of Modern Travels and Discoveries.Almost half the 55,750 copies of the National Library had to be sold as remainders, at a loss of almost five shillings per volume. The Juvenile Library lost the firm £900 and only three volumes were published. The Travels and Discoveries series was never published. The firm also rejected the manuscript of Sartor Resartus, by the then unknown Thomas Carlyle. Standard Novels series
In February 1831 the firm also began publishing one-volume versions of novels that had previously been available only in three-decker form. They published novels whose copyright they owned and bought up the copyright to other novels. Colburn and Bentley's "Standard Novels series" became "a landmark in nineteenth-century publishing".Because each volume was only six shillings instead of a guinea and a half (i.e. 31s 6d), novels were suddenly available to a much wider audience than previously. Furthermore, the firm owned the copyright to the novels, making the profits of the enterprise entirely theirs. James Fenimore Cooper's The Pilot was the first novel in the series. The two publishers solicited revisions from living authors, sometimes forcing them to shorten their works so that they would fit into a single volume. Colburn and Bentley published the first 19 volumes together. The series would eventually be published over 24 years and include 126 volumes.These included "the first inexpensive reprints of Jane Austen's fiction" and many American titles. The series was extraordinarily successful. In its first year, it made the firm £1,160. End of partnership
By 1831, the partnership between <mask> and Colburn was fraying. The cost of buying copyrights was mounting and the firm was in financial chaos. By early 1832, <mask> and Colburn were no longer speaking to each other and their dispute had to be mediated by lawyers and clerks. On 1 September 1832, <mask> and Colburn signed a settlement in which <mask> agreed to buy the firm for £1,500, keep the office on New Burlington Street, and rename the business "<mask> Bentley".He paid Colburn £5,580 for materials and copyrights owned by the firm, including the Standard Novels series. Colburn agreed to a series of restrictions on his publications, an agreement which he violated almost immediately. The partnership was officially dissolved with effect from 31 August 1832. "<mask>"
<mask> and Colburn became bitter rivals in the years that followed the dissolution of their partnership, publishing similar series and trying to undersell each other. In 1833, <mask> was appointed Publisher in Ordinary to the king, but it brought him no business. <mask> had several successes early in his solo enterprise. For example, he bought the copyright to Edward Bulwer-Lytton's The Last Days of Pompeii (1834), which sold well for over 20 years.He also published William Harrison Ainsworth's Rookwood in 1834, which was a best-seller and released in two further editions. <mask> published the works of well-known authors such as Leigh Hunt, William Hazlitt, Maria Edgeworth and Frances Trollope, and was the English publisher of Hans Christian Andersen's fairy tales. <mask>'s firm gained a "reputation for quality". He often published the same work in several formats. For example, Ainsworth's Jack Sheppard was serialised in <mask>'s Miscellany from January 1839 to February 1840, published as a three-decker book in October 1839, and reprinted in one volume and as a serialisation in 1840. <mask> also published important Continental writers, including Alphonse de Lamartine, Chateaubriand, Louis-Adolphe Thiers, François Guizot, Leopold von Ranke and Theodor Mommsen. <mask> hosted dinners at his home during the 1830s and 1840s, at which important writers and critics gathered.<mask>'s Miscellany

In October 1836, <mask> entered the periodical market. He founded Bentley's Miscellany, which first appeared in January 1837, and selected Charles Dickens, known at the time for his Pickwick Papers, as editor. Dickens also agreed to contribute a serialised novel to the periodical and to sell two novels to <mask>. The periodical was "an immediate success" – 11,000 copies were sold in 1837 – largely as a result of the serialisation of Dickens's Oliver Twist, illustrated by George Cruikshank. Dickens became increasingly frustrated at the initial terms of his contract, which he felt paid him too little. He eventually negotiated an increase to his editorial salary from £40 per month (£20 to edit and 20 guineas to write an article) to £1,000 per year, including additional payments for his novels. The two renegotiated the contract nine times.As Wallins explains, "Through nearly four years of negotiations <mask> remained calm in public; privately, he railed against Dickens's constant complaints but then backed down, delayed deadlines, and provided his author with more money as it was demanded. <mask> recognized that an unhappy author was an unproductive author." In the end, Dickens paid <mask> £2,250 to buy out the rest of his contract and to purchase the copyright to Oliver Twist. Financial trouble
Ainsworth succeeded Dickens as editor. Under his guidance, the circulation of the periodical "decreased dramatically" and costs increased. Among the contributors during this period was the novelist and traveller Isabella Frances Romer. The quality of the novels declined and the number of reviews rose.During the 1840s and 1850s, <mask> used the periodical primarily to puff his own publications. American literature was highlighted, including Edgar Allan Poe's "The Fall of the House of Usher" (1840). Around 1843, the book trade fell off significantly in England. For the next 20 years, <mask> struggled to keep his firm afloat amidst increasing competition, legal problems, and poor business choices. For example, he started a sixpenny newspaper, Young England, that ended after fourteen issues. Other firms introduced series similar to the Standard Novels series, but cheaper. Bentley tried to compete by publishing two new, cheap series – Bentley's Shilling Series and the Parlour Bookcase – but these were not very successful.Neither had over 25 volumes whereas the competition had almost 300. In 1853, <mask> tried to reduce the price of some of his books to increase the number sold, but this tactic failed. <mask> finally resorted to selling copyrights and large numbers of remaindered books to pay his debts. In 1853, as the economy worsened as a result of the Crimean War, he was forced to sell Bentley's Miscellany to its editor, Ainsworth. By 1855, <mask>'s finances were in such dire straits that his firm was in danger of failing. In 1857 <mask> auctioned off copyrights, plates, steel etchings and remainders to pay debts. Changes in copyright law also affected <mask>'s firm.Decades earlier, he had bought the English copyright for many American novels and made steady profits from the publication of these works. However, in 1849, all rights to foreign copyrights were extinguished, and other firms began to publish cheap editions of the works <mask> had paid to publish. In 1851, the Lords' decision was reversed, but by then <mask> had lost approximately £17,000. <mask> joined his father's firm in 1845, but he did not become an active partner until the 1850s. Recovery
As the firm became financially stable again, <mask> began more projects. In 1859, <mask> attempted to establish Bentley's Quarterly Review as a competitor to the Edinburgh Review and the Quarterly Review. As editors, he signed on John Douglas Cook, William Scott and Robert Cecil.The first issue appeared in February, but it did not sell well, despite being well received by critics. Only four issues were published. Patten describes <mask> as "slow and imitative of other publishers", with "a strong bourgeois streak that prompted him to stand upon his proprietorial and editorial dignity, even when he lost contributors through his stubbornness", and describes his launch of the review as an "overreaching" that is typical of him. The firm slowly became successful again. From June 1859 to May 1860, Bentley published a series of "Tales from Bentley" that reprinted stories from <mask>'s Miscellany, which was a success. The publication of Ellen Wood's East Lynne (1861), which sold out four editions in six months, helped dramatically. After 20 years, the book had sold 110,250 copies.In January 1866 <mask> purchased Temple Bar Magazine; his son, George, became the editor, a position which he held until 1895. Two years later, Ainsworth ran into financial trouble with Bentley's Miscellany and the Bentleys bought it back for £250. They merged it with Temple Bar, bringing together what Wallins calls "perhaps the finest roster of contributors to any periodical at the time", which included Anthony Trollope, Wilkie Collins, Arthur Conan Doyle, George Gissing and Robert Louis Stevenson. Decline and death
In 1867, <mask> experienced a "severe accident" at Chepstow railway station that left him "shaken and enfeebled" (he broke his leg after falling from the platform at the railway station). George took over the day-to-day business of the firm. <mask> died on 10 September 1871 at Ramsgate, at which time his firm was renamed "Richard Bentley and Son". <mask> was also named one of the executors of <mask>'s will, along with two of his other children, <mask> and Anne Kezia <mask>.<mask> was buried in the family vault in West Norwood Cemetery, London, on 18 September 1871. According to the Dictionary of National Biography, "<mask>'s major contributions to nineteenth-century publishing are the Standard Novels — freshly revised texts of major contemporary authors made affordable for the middle class; <mask>'s Miscellany and Temple Bar; the quality of his author list and of his book manufacture; his introduction of high-calibre international writers to British readers; and his founding of a family publishing firm that lasted through two further generations." References

Further reading

Patten, Robert L. "<mask> (1794–1871)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press. 2004. Retrieved 2 February 2010.( for online access)
Wallins, Roger P.. "<mask>, Henry Colburn and <mask>, Henry Colburn, Henry Colburn and Company, Richard Bentley and Son." British Literary Publishing Houses, 1820–1880. Eds. Patricia Anderson and Jonathan Rose. Dictionary of Literary Biography Vol. 106. Detroit: Gale Research, 1991.39–52. <mask>, <mask>. "Some Leaves from the Past" Privately Published 1896. Sadleir, Michael. <mask>'s Standard Novel Series: Its History and Achievement. Edinburgh, The Colophon, 1932. Gettmann, Royal A., A Victorian Publisher: A Study of the Bentley Papers, Cambridge: University Press, 1960.<mask>, Victorian Publisher Extraordinaire, tavbooks.com, 1 July 2014. Ingram, Alison, comp., Index to the archives of Richard Bentley & Son, 1829-1898, Cambridge, England: Chadwyck-Healey; Teaneck, N.J.: Somerset House, 1977. External links

 Publishing company names formally identified at LC Authorities: S. and R. <mask>; Henry Colburn and <mask>; <mask>; Richard Bentley and Son

1794 births
1871 deaths
English printers
Publishers (people) from London
Burials at West Norwood Cemetery
19th-century English businesspeople

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title: Susan Milan

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<mask> ARCM PG, GSMD, FRCM, (b. 3 September 1947)  is an English professor of flute of the Royal College of Music, classical performer, recording artiste, composer, author and entrepreneur. Biography

<mask> was born in London, the daughter of civil servants. Between 1958 and 1963, she became a Junior Exhibitioner at the Royal College of Music. During 1960 to 1966, she was a member of the London Schools Symphony Orchestra. From 1963 to 1967, she was a scholar of the Royal College of Music, graduating with honours, where she became a professor of Flute in 1984. From 1966 to 1972, she attended Marcel Moyse master classes in Boswil.In 1967, she was awarded a Countess of Munster Scholarship to study as a Post Graduate under Geoffrey Gilbert at the Guildhall School of Music. After graduation in 1968, she was invited to become Principal Flute of the Bournemouth Sinfonietta. In 1974, she made musical history by being appointed the first woman principal and member of the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra where she remained for eight years. Since then she has sustained a multi-dimensional career as an orchestral guest principal, chamber musician, soloist, recording artiste, composer, author, teacher, lecturer and entrepreneur. In 2001, she was appointed Artistic Director of Woodwind for the Evergreen Orchestra, Taiwan. In 2007, she was appointed Adjunct Professor of Music at Henan University, China, and founded the British Isles Music Festival in Charterhouse School for outstanding young musicians. Activities

In 1979, Milan released her first solo recording on the ASV label.This was followed in 1981 by a second solo recording on the Hyperion label, and contracts with Chandos (1990) and Upbeat (1990). 1997 saw the issue of the Master Classics Archive Series of historic flute recordings featuring Milan. Described as the "Queen of the Flute" by journalist Huang Hua, Milan has recorded concertos, duos and chamber music recitals for the Hyperion, Da Capo, Omega, Cala, Metier and ASV labels. She has further recorded more than a dozen recordings of concertos and recitals for the Chandos label including three collections of French repertoire. She has also made recital recordings of French Impressionist composers (Saint-Saëns, Debussy, Lili Boulanger, Ibert, Dutilleux, Poulenc and Feld) for Upbeat Records and Master Classics. Her most recent recording of contemporary British works for flute and piano, with the pianist Andrew Ball, was released on the Metier label in 2008. She has also recorded the Schmidt Concerto by Ole Schmidt with Schmidt conducting, for the Da Capo label.In 2010, she began recording the Simpson Concerto for Hyperion. Recent commissions have included a concerto from the American composer Keith Gates, "Oiseau Soleil" for flute and piano by the French composer Jean Sichler, "The Moon Dances" by the British composer Cecilia McDowall, "Sonata" by British composer Brian Lock and "Octagon" by British composer Ian Finney. Her accompanist, pianist Ian Brown has worked with Schering, Rostropovich, Galway and other famous classical musicians. Performances
In the UK, Milan has performed as a Principal Flute and soloist with all the major orchestras including the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra, London Philharmonic Orchestra, London Symphony Orchestra, Academy of St. Martin in the Fields, English Chamber Orchestra, City of London Sinfonia, English String Orchestra, Scottish Chamber Orchestra, BBC Scottish Orchestra, BBC Philharmonic Orchestra, BBC Welsh Orchestra, Philomusica of London, New London Orchestra and Haydn Festival Orchestra. In her a career as an orchestral guest principal, chamber musician, soloist, teacher and lecturer, she has often featured on the BBC. She has given numerous UK and world premieres, touring frequently throughout Europe, US, Australia and the Far East. Repertoire

Milan performs repertoire from the Baroque, classical, romantic, impressionist, and contemporary periods.As well as a wide repertoire of recital and chamber music, she performs solo works by J. S. Bach, Hofmann, Khatchaturian, Mozart, Saint-Saëns and Vivaldi, with orchestra, as well as works by C. P. E. Bach, Carl Nielsen, Ibert, Jolivet, Reinecke, Stamitz and Telemann. Ensembles

In the chamber music field, she formed The London Chamber Music Group (featuring flute, oboe, violin, viola, cello, piano and harp). With members of the group, she recorded the chamber music of Eugene Goossens for the Chandos label. She has also performed with The Debussy Ensemble, Weber Ensemble and Milan-Ball Duo. <mask> formed the Milan Trio, with her second son, cellist Christopher Jepson, and the pianist Andrew Ball, and performs with the Instrumental Quintet of London, for flute, string trio and harp, with Nicholas ward, Matthew Jones, Sebastian Somberti and Ieuan Jones. Accomplishments

In 1992, Milan researched and published 19th century repertoire for Boosey & Hawkes. Several technical books followed including two technical scale books in 2000, and a handbook of programme notes, for flute performers in 2006.She is presently restoring a collection of historic [78"] recordings of flautists from 1910 to 1945, to be issued on the Master Classics label. In 1960, she was presented with the Royal College of Music's Evekisch Prize by Sir Malcolm Sargent. In recognition of her achievements, she was elected President of the British Flute Society in 1990 until 1995. She was awarded a Fellowship of the Royal College in November 1999 which was presented to her by HRH Prince Charles. <mask> is listed in the New Grove Dictionary of Music and Who's Who in Music, and is a Patron of GAMPA, BASBWE and the Association of Woodwind Teachers. Recordings
Featuring <mask>
"Recital" – Prokofiev; Dutilleux; Saint-Saëns; Ibert; Bozza; <mask> & Clifford Benson. Master Classics, 1982."Suite For Flute and Strings in A Minor, Concerto for Flute, Violin, Cello and Strings in A Minor" – Georg Philipp Telemann; <mask> with Camerata of St Andrew, Directed by Leonard Friedman. Omega, 1987. "Concertos in D Major and G Major, Andante in C, Rondo in C" – Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart; <mask> with English Chamber Orchestra, Conductor: Raymond Leppard. Chandos, 1988. “Flute Fantaisie” (French Concours Pieces) – Faure, Grovlez, Ganne, Busser, Gaubert; <mask> & Ian Brown. Chandos, 1988. “Major Works for Flute and Piano” – Schubert, Martinu, Reinecke; <mask> & Ian Brown.Chandos, 1990. “La Flute Enchantee” (French Concertos & Solos) – Ibert, Martin, Jolivet, Godard, Chaminade, Saint-Saëns; City Of London Sinfonia, Conductor: Richard Hickox. Chandos, 1990. “Complete Works For Flute and Piano Of Philippe Gaubert” – Philippe Gaubert; <mask> & Ian Brown. Chandos, 1991. “Quartets For Flute and Strings” – Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart; <mask> with The Chilingirian Quartet. Chandos, 1991.“Mozart Flute and Harp Concerto”, “Salieri Flute And Oboe Concerto” – Mozart, Salieri; City Of London Sinfonia, Conductor: Richard Hickox Chandos, 1992. “Beethoven Serenade and Trio” – Beethoven; Members of the Chilingirian String Quartet. Chandos, 1992. “Tarantella” – Saint-Saëns; London Philharmonic Orchestra, Conductor: Geoffrey Simon. Carla, 1993. “Concerto ‘Il Gardellino’”, R.V. 428 – Antonio Vivaldi; Lucerne Festival Strings, Conductor: Rudolf Baumgartner.Denon, 1995. “Recital”, Opus 1 – Feld, Boulanger, Rutter, Sichler, Messiaen, Poulenc, Debussy, Saint-Saëns; <mask> & Ian Brown. Upbeat/Master Classics, 1995. “Flute Concert” – Ole Schmidt; Manchester String Ensemble, Conductor: Ole Schmidt. Da Capo, 1996. “Chamber Music Of Eugene Goossens” – Eugene Goossens; <mask> with London Chamber Music Group. Chandos, 2004.“Out Of The Cool” (Living British Composers) – Rodney Bennett, McDowall, Heath, Lock, Butterworth, Saxton; <mask> & Andrew Ball. Metier, 2009. "Terzetti" – The Debussy Ensemble; <mask>, Matthew Jones, Ieuan Jones. Divine Art, 2012. Arrangements
“Flute Archive Series 1: 1910–1945”, Performed by Rene Le Roy, Georges Barrère, Marcel Moyse. Master Classics, 1997. “Flute Archive Series 2: 1910 -1945”, Performed by Clement Barone, Albert Fransella, John Lemmoné, John Amadio.Master Classics, 1997. Première Performances
1972 “Kavitta 2” – N. Sohal; South Bank Centre, London, England; <mask> flute, Jane Manning soprano. 1970 “Reflections For Solo Flute (After Debussy)” – P. Lamb; Russell Cotes Art Gallery & Museum, Bournemouth, England; <mask> flute. 1973 “Krystallen Solo Flute” – R. Saxton; Purcell Room, London, England; <mask> flute, Clifford Benson piano. 1974 “Fantasy Sonata” – D. Morgan; Purcell Room, London, England; <mask> flute, Clifford Benson piano. 1975 “Concerto” – J. Feld; The Round, London, England; Royal Philharmonic Orchestra. 1981 “Sonata Per Assisi” – A. Dorati; Resphigi Festival, Assisi, Italy; <mask> & Maxence Larrieu flutes.1981 “Six Tunes For The Instruction Of Singing Birds” – Richard Rodney Bennett; Norwich Festival, England; <mask> flute. 1983 “Memento” – Richard Rodney Bennett; Windsor Festival, England; London Philharmonic Orchestra. 1984 “Concerto” – Ole Schmidt; Aarhus Symphony Hall, Denmark; Aarhus Symphony Orchestra, Conductor: Ole Schmidt. 1987 “Serenade” – R. Walker; Queen Elizabeth Hall, London, England; Instrumental Quintet of London. 1989 “Flute Fantasy” – Carl Davis; Chichester Festival, England; Academy of St Martin in the Fields, Conductor: Carl Davis. 1991 “Concerto” – R. Simpson; Malvern Festival, England; City of London Sinfonia, Conductor: Richard Hickox. 1992 “Stardrift” – E. Roxburgh; Royal College Of Music, London, England; Solo flute.1995 “Quintetto Capriccioso” – J. Feld; Queen Elizabeth Hall, London, England; Instrumental Quintet of London. 1997 “Night Owls” – E. Cowie; Benaroya Hall, Seattle, US; <mask> flute, Ian Brown piano. 1999 “Concerto” – Keith Gates; City Hall, Lake Charles, Louisiana, US; Lake Charles Symphony Orchestra. 2001 “Concerto” – Roger Steptoe; St. John’s Smith Square, Barbican, London, England; New London Orchestra, Conductor: Ronald Corp.
2003 “Moon Dances” – Cecilia McDowell; Wigmore Hall, London, England; <mask> flute, Ian Brown piano. 2003 “Moon Dances” – Cecilia McDowell; Ticino Festival, Lugano, Switzerland; <mask> flute, Ian Brown piano. 2003, “Three Pictures” – Goosens, Prokofiev, McDowall; Wigmore Hall, London, England; <mask> & Ian Brown. Conductor: Taktakishvilli.2004 “Sonata” – Brian Lock; Seoul Arts Centre, Seoul, South Korea; <mask> flute, Ian Brown piano. 2008 “Octagon” – Ian Finney; The Octagon, Green College, Oxford, England; <mask> flute. 2009 “Two Triptychs” – Jacob Thompson; Purcell Room, London, England; Debussy Ensemble. Publications
<mask>, Quadruplets Book 1: Scale Books For The Instruction Of Students. Master Classics, 2000
<mask>, Triplets & Sextuplets Book 2: Scale Books For The Instruction Of Students. Master Classics, 2006
<mask>, Flute Notes: A Performers Handbook of Programme Notes for the flute repertoire (148 composers and over 400 works). Researched, written and revised by <mask>.Master Classics (1st ed.) 2006 / Master Classics 2010 (2nd ed.) Franz Schubert, Three Sonatinas, Opus 137, Edited by <mask>, Boosey & Hawkes, 1993
Carl Reinecke, The “Undine” Sonata, Opus 167. Researched & edited by <mask>, Boosey & Hawkes, 1991
John Francis Barnett, The Grand Sonata, Opus 41. Researched & edited by <mask>, Boosey & Hawkes, 1993
Sergei Rachmaninov, Vocalise, Opus 34, Number 14. Edited by <mask>, Boosey & Hawkes, 2000
Edward German, Romance and Intermezzo. Researched & edited by <mask>, Boosey & Hawkes, 1991
<mask>, Cadenzas for Mozart Concertos Number 1 and 2, and Andante in C. Composed by <mask>, Emerson Edition 1988
Wilhelm Popp, Sonatine, Opus 388, Number 1.Researched & edited, Hunt Edition, 1995
Sergei Rachmaninov, Apres Une Reve. Edited by <mask>, Boosey & Hawkes

References

External links

 Royal College Of Music

Living people
1947 births
English classical flautists
Academics of the Royal College of Music
Alumni of the Royal College of Music
Women flautists
Women music educators

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title: Giora Eiland

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<mask> (; born 1952 in moshav Kfar Hess) is Major General (ret.) Israel Defense Forces. <mask> is a former head of the Israeli National Security Council. After his retirement from the public sector, he was a senior research associate at the Institute for National Security Studies (INSS). <mask> is a frequent commentator and contributor on international security matters on local and foreign media. In 2007 he founded a consulting company of national security and strategic services for governments and multinational organizations. He holds an M.B.A. and B.A.in economics from Bar Ilan University. Biography

Military service
Eiland joined the army in 1970, and served in the Paratroopers Brigade Battalion 890. He served in a variety of roles within the brigade: as platoon leader (1973 Battle of the Chinese Farm in the Yom Kippur War), an  operations officer, company commander (1976 Operation Entebbe), vice-commander of a battalion (1978 Operation Litani), commander of 50 "Baselet" Airborne Battalion (1982 First Lebanon War) and reserve commander of the  Paratroopers Brigade. Following First Lebanon War Eiland served as commander of Infantry Officers School of the Chief Officer of Infantry Corps (Israel). In 1984 Eiland  completed the Advanced Infantry Course at Fort Benning, Georgia, United States. After his return to Israel he was appointed as Operations Directorate officer in the Infantry Corps (Israel). In the years 1990–1992 he commanded the IDF Officers School (Training Base 1), and in the years 1992–1993 was the commander of the Givati Brigade.In 1993, <mask> was appointed as the head of the Paratroopers and Infantry Corps in the rank of Brigadier General. In 1996 <mask> was appointed Head of Operations Division in Operations Directorate, and in 1999 he was appointed Head of Operations Directorate in rank of Major General. In this role he was involved in preparations for the IDF withdrawal from Lebanon and also in conflict with the Palestinians (Second Intifada). In 2001 he was appointed head of the Planning Directorate. Still an army officer, Eiland took part in the political process, during the Israeli–Palestinian peace process and was appointed to accompany the Foreign Minister Shimon Peres, in his talks with Yasser Arafat. Eiland also represented the Israeli security forces in talks with U.S., Palestinian and other officials. In 2003, with the end of his term in the Planning Directorate, Eiland rejected an offer to become IDF attache in Washington, and retired from the army after 33 years of service.National Security Council
Eiland left the Planning Directorate and the IDF to accept, in January 2004, Sharon's offer that he head the National Security Council (NSC). <mask> was the fourth NSC head in the six years of the Council's existence, the others being David Ivri, Uzi Dayan, and Ephraim Halevy, and could not penetrate the walls around the Prime Minister's office. However, unlike Dayan and Levy, whose terms were marked by worsening relations with Prime Minister Sharon, Eiland had a constructive working relationship with the Prime Minister, despite their practical disagreements. In early 2003, a few weeks after his retirement from the army and arrival to the NSC, Eiland became aware of  Sharon's disengagement initiative – at that stage the initiative had more limited objectives in the Gaza Strip and broader in the West Bank. Eiland agreed that a political initiative was needed, but objected to both the content of Sharon's proposal and the procedure for preparing and presenting it. In 2004 Eiland took part in drawing up the disengagement plan in close consultations with US Advisors among them National Security Council Middle East Advisor Elliott Abrams. Eiland shuttled with Ariel Sharon's Chief of Staff, between Washington and Jerusalem to hammer up successive drafts.It was <mask>'s initiative to establish a Disengagement Authority and to set a realistic schedule program. The plan, as adopted by the Israeli Government and the Knesset, is largely a result of <mask>'s formulation. During the year 2005 there were reports in the media about Eiland's criticism of the policy and the national security decision-making process. After the implementation of the disengagement plan had been concluded, Eiland informed the Prime Minister that he had exhausted his ability to influence the process and he decided to resign from the NSC. Among other tasks during his tenure, Eiland was appointed as the head of the first governmental steering committee on cyber. On June 1, 2006, he was replaced as head of NSC by former deputy head of the Mossad, Ilan Mizrahi. After retiring from the Council
In 2006, Eiland was appointed by the Chief of Staff, Dan Halutz, as the head of the examination committee of experts, to investigate the capture of the Israeli soldier Gilad Shalit by the Hamas to Gaza Strip.In 2010, <mask> headed a team of experts examining the preparations and in the actual boarding of the Gaza flotilla raid. <mask> presented the report to the chief of staff, Gabi Ashkenazi on July 12, 2010. On May 29, 2011, <mask> said on Kol Yisrael Radio that in his view it would be better for Israel to let the next flotilla – expected to set  out in late June 2011 – get through to Gaza, provided that the Government of Turkey would be willing to take responsibility for the flotilla, inspect all ships and make sure they were not carrying arms. In 2007, he founded a private consulting company, giving advice to several companies in the defense industry of Israel, as well as to Israel Military Industries. The company also provides services in various settings to foreign governments, multinational corporations, and organizations. Among other projects, Eiland gave an expert's witness and submitted an expert's opinion on security aspects, in the international arbitration in the case of the Egyptian pipeline explosion which halted the flow of gas to Israel due to a series of terrorist explosions in 2011. In 2015 the arbitration ruled in favor of the Israeli prosecutor, telling the Egyptian gas companies to pay a compensation of $1.8 billion.Eiland regularly writes op-ed articles in Yediot Aharonot. In these he reiterates two specific interlinked ideas. Eiland calls for Israel to recognise Hamas as the effective government of the Gaza Strip and cease any attempt to topple Hamas or facilitate restoration of Palestinian Authority rule in Gaza. And Eiland promotes the idea of "A Regional Solution" for the Palestinian problem, whereby Israel would annex a large part of the West Bank, and Egypt would compensate the Palestinians by ceding to them part of the Sinai Peninsula. As of March 2019, Eiland's ideas were not adopted by Israeli, Palestinian or Egyptian decision-makers; indeed, Palestinians and Egyptians on several occasions vehemently denounced them. References

1952 births
Israeli people of the Yom Kippur War
Israeli generals
Living people
Bar-Ilan University alumni

masks:
Giora Eiland
Eiland
Eiland
Eiland
Eiland
Eiland
Eiland
Eiland
Eiland
Eiland
Eiland


title: King Baggot

texts:
<mask> (November 7, 1879 – July 11, 1948) was an American actor, film director and screenwriter. He was an internationally famous movie star of the silent film era. The first individually publicized leading man in America, <mask> was referred to as "<mask> of the Movies," "The Most Photographed Man in the World" and "The Man Whose Face Is As Familiar As The Man In The Moon." <mask> appeared in over 300 motion pictures from 1909 to 1947; wrote 18 screenplays; and directed 45 movies from 1912 to 1928, including The Lie (1912), Raffles, the Amateur Cracksman (1925) and The House of Scandal (1928). He also directed William S. Hart in his most famous western, Tumbleweeds (1925). Among his film appearances, he was best known for The Scarlet Letter (1911), Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (1913), and Ivanhoe (1913), which was filmed on location in Wales. Early life
He was born in St. Louis, Missouri, the son of <mask> (1845–1909) and Harriet M. "Hattie" <mask> (1859–1933).His siblings were Amos Taylor <mask> (1881–1954); Thomas Gantt <mask> (1889–1979); John Marmaduke <mask> (1891–1975); Arthur Lee <mask> (1893–? ); Marion L<mask> (1896–1973); and Harriet D<mask> (1899–1930). His father was born in Ireland, and emigrated from County Limerick to the United States in 1852. He was a prominent St. Louis real estate agent. Baggot attended Christian Brothers College High School, a prominent Catholic all-male secondary school, where he excelled at sports, was a star soccer and baseball player, and became captain of the soccer team. In 1894, <mask> left St. Louis and went to Chicago, where he worked as a clerk for his uncle, <mask> (1839–1903), whose business sold plumbing, gas and electric fixtures. In 1899, he returned to St. Louis and later played on a semi-professional St. Louis soccer team and became so well known that a Catholic church amateur theatrical group added him to its cast to gain prestige.He liked acting and did well. He soon helped found another amateur theatrical group, the Players Club of St. Louis. In the meantime, he sold tickets for the St. Louis Browns baseball team and worked as a clerk in the real estate business of his father. But acting proved so interesting that he decided to become professional. Stage career
Baggot began his career on the stage in a Shakespearean stock company and toured throughout the U.S. Following his first engagement, he performed under the management of Liebler and Company, one of the foremost producing companies at that time. He also toured under the management of Frohman, and the Shuberts, and played five weeks in New York in The Queen of the Highway.Other plays in which he appeared include the comedy revival Mrs. Wiggs of the Cabbage Patch, which had a run on Broadway in 1906, Salomy Jane and In the Bishop's Carriage. While acting in stock in St. Louis, in the summer of 1909, <mask> worked with Marguerite Clark in Peter Pan and The Golden Garter. In the two weeks that remained of the season, he played small roles in Frou Frou and Jenny, which both starred Countess Venturini. When the season closed, he was cast as supporting player with Marguerite Clark in the Schubert touring production of The Wishing Ring, which was adapted by Owen Davis from a Dorothea Deakin story. Another cast member, Cecil B. DeMille, also staged the play. When The Wishing Ring closed in Chicago, <mask> returned to New York to join another company. Upon a chance meeting with Harry Solter, who was directing movies for Carl Laemmle at Independent Moving Pictures Company (IMP), he was persuaded to go with Solter to the studio.Movies were then looked down on by the dramatic profession as a mere recording of stunts, but <mask> went along. He was amused at the violent gestures and jumping around of the players, taking none of it seriously. <mask>, however, became interested in the fledgling industry and later decided to give it a try and turn picture player. Film career
<mask>'s first film was the romance short The Awakening of Bess (1909) opposite Florence Lawrence. It was directed by Harry Solter, her husband, at IMP in Fort Lee, New Jersey. At a time when screen actors worked anonymously, <mask> and Lawrence became the first "movie stars" to be given billing, a marquee and promotion in advertising. In April 1910, <mask> was at home with his mother and family in St. Louis, when the U.S. Census was taken there.He starred in at least 42 movies opposite Lawrence from 1909 to 1911. In the latter year, he starred in at least 16 movies with Mary Pickford, including Pictureland (1911). Pickford was hired to replace Lawrence after she and Solter broke their contracts, including the one-reel romance/drama Sweet Memories, which was directed by Thomas H. Ince. <mask> also began writing screenplays and directing, all the while becoming a major star internationally. When he appeared "in person" at theatres he was mobbed at stage doors. By 1912, he was so famous that when he took the leading part in forming the prestigious Screen Club in New York, the first organization of its kind strictly for movie people, he was the natural choice for its first president. On December 3, 1912, he and Ruth Considine (August 28, 1889 – December 22, 1936) were married in Fort Lee, New Jersey.They had one son, <mask> <mask> (July 11, 1914 – May 18, 1965). A cameraman, he died in Hawaii, while working on a movie. <mask> <mask> had two sons, cinematographer <mask> <mask> (born 1943) and <mask> (born 1947). <mask> starred as Wilfred of Ivanhoe in Ivanhoe (1913), a feature length adventure drama that was filmed on location in England and at Chepstow Castle in Wales. He played the role as Jean Dumas in the drama Absinthe (1914), which was filmed in Paris. In his 1914 two-reel movie Shadows, <mask> directed as well as played the parts of ten different characters. When he registered for the draft of World War I, on September 12, 1918, <mask> and his wife were living in New York City.He starred in the role as Harrison Grant in the 20-part spy thriller The Eagle's Eye (1918) opposite Marguerite Snow, an adaptation of former FBI Director William J. Flynn's experiences that was produced by Leopold and Theodore Wharton, and as Sheldon Steele (The Hawk) in the crime drama The Hawk's Trail (1919) opposite Grace Darmond. As a director, he gave Marie Prevost her first starring role in the romantic comedy Kissed (1922). Baggot directed Mary Philbin and William Haines in the romance The Gaiety Girl (1924). He formed his own production company, King Baggot Productions, and produced and directed The Home Maker (1925), a drama starring Clive Brook and Alice Joyce about the reversal of traditional roles between a husband and wife, which was released through Universal. That same year, <mask> directed William S. Hart in his most famous western, Tumbleweeds, a drama about the Oklahoma land rush of 1893. Decline
<mask> and his wife, Ruth, who had separated on August 20, 1926, were divorced in 1930. She filed on grounds of desertion, stating in the complaint that he was a bad example to their son.She said he would return home after drinking and be in a boisterous mood. When the 1930 census was taken on April 7, <mask> was lodging by himself. His alcoholism and problems with certain studio executives eventually ended <mask>'s directing career. He turned to playing character roles, bit parts and even jobs as an extra, and appeared in scores of movies in that capacity through the 1930s and 1940s, including Mississippi (1935). <mask> played the uncredited role as a policeman on the street in Bad Sister (1931), which starred Conrad Nagel and Sidney Fox, with Bette Davis in her first movie role. He had the role as Henry Field, a movie director, in the Monogram Pictures drama Police Court (1932) co-starring Henry B. Walthall, which told the story of a has-been alcoholic actor (Walthall) trying to make a comeback. In 1933, <mask> and former leading lady Florence Lawrence, Paul Panzer and another former great star of the silent era, Francis Ford, were given bit parts in what would be former co-star Mary Pickford's last movie, Secrets.In her Los Angeles Times gossip column on March 1, 1946, Hedda Hopper wrote, "<mask>, who used to be one of our top directors, is working as an extra in The Show-Off. While living at the Aberdeen Hotel in Venice, California, <mask> made his final movie appearance in the uncredited part of a bank employee in the comedy My Brother Talks to Horses (1947) starring Butch Jenkins and Peter Lawford. Illness then forced his retirement. <mask> died at age 68 from a stroke at a sanatorium in Los Angeles. His funeral service was conducted in the chapel of Pierce Brothers Hollywood Mortuary at 1 p.m. on Thursday, July 15, 1948. He is interred in Calvary Cemetery, East Los Angeles. For his contributions to the film industry, <mask> received a motion pictures star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 1960.His star is located at 6312 Hollywood Boulevard. Filmography

As actor

As director
The Lie (1912, short)
 Cheated Love (1921)
 Luring Lips (1921)
 Nobody's Fool (1921)
Moonlight Follies (1921)
The Lavender Bath Lady (1922)
Kissed (1922)
 A Dangerous Game (1922)
The Darling of New York (1923)
 Gossip (1923)
Crossed Wires (1923)
 The Whispered Name (1924)
 The Tornado (1924)
The Gaiety Girl (1924)
Raffles, the Amateur Cracksman (1925)
The Home Maker (1925)
Tumbleweeds (1925)
Lovey Mary (1926)
 Perch of the Devil (1927)
Down the Stretch (1927)
The Notorious Lady (1927)
 The House of Scandal (1928)
 Romance of a Rogue (1928)

References

Further reading
Dumaux, Sally A. (2002). <mask>ot: A Biography and Filmography of the First King of the Movies. McFarland. 290 pp. External links

<mask>ot: A Biography and Filmography of the First King of the Movies at Google Book Search

1879 births
1948 deaths
American male stage actors
American male film actors
American male silent film actors
American male screenwriters
American male Shakespearean actors
American people of Irish descent
American soccer players
Male actors from St. Louis
20th-century American male actors
Film directors from Missouri
Burials at Calvary Cemetery (Los Angeles)
Association footballers not categorized by position
20th-century American male writers
20th-century American screenwriters

masks:
William King Baggot
Baggot
King
Baggot
William Baggot
King
Baggot
Baggot
Baggot
Baggot
. Baggot
. Baggot
King
Edward Baggot
Baggot
Baggot
Baggot
Baggot
Baggot
Baggot
Baggot
Baggot
Robert King
Baggot
Robert King
Baggot
Stephen King
Baggot
Bruce Baggot
Baggot
Baggot
Baggot
Baggot
Baggot
Baggot
Baggot
Baggot
Baggot
King Baggot
Baggot
King Baggot
Baggot
King Bagg
King Bagg


title: Eva Alordiah

texts:
Elohor <mask> (born 13 August 1989), better known as <mask> or simply <mask>, is a Nigerian rapper, entertainer, make-up artist, fashion designer and entrepreneur. She is considered one of the best female rappers in Nigeria. Since her breakthrough into the Nigerian music industry, <mask> has garnered several awards including one Nigeria Entertainment Award from 4 nominations, one Eloy Award, and one YEM award from 2 nominations. Her debut EP, titled The GIGO E.P, was released for free digital download on 20 November 2011. <mask> is the owner of makeupByOrsela, a company that specializes in Makeup services. In November 2014, <mask> released her self-titled second EP. Her debut studio album, 1960: The Album, was released in September 2016.
ref>

Career

Early life and career beginnings

<mask> was born to Nigerian parents from Delta State.She got introduced to music by her mother, who listened to musical recordings from the 1970s and 1980s. <mask> has cited Michael Jackson, Bob Marley, Sade Adu, The Carpenters, John Lennon and Don Williams as her musical influences. Eminem's "Cleanin' Out My Closet" inspired her to pursue a professional rap career. When she was 7 years old, she partook in several forms of art, continuing into her adolescence. She sang in her church's choir and joined the drama club while in secondary school. Growing up, <mask> was fond of drawing and reading books. At age 10, she wrote a short story in her notebook and dreamt of being an author.After learning of Eminem, she began to write rap verses. <mask>'s love for words and rhyming pulled her deeper into the hip-hop genre. At age 16, <mask> found herself balancing school and business. With an ambition to make money and become independent, she started auditioning for acting and modeling roles. <mask> sold second-hand clothing in school as a means to an end. <mask> began her career as a photography model. She took pictures and auditioned for several jobs.She graduated with a degree in Computer Science from Bowen University. In 2009, <mask> released "I Dey Play" as her first-ever studio recording. The song features Tha Suspect and was recorded over Lil Wayne's "A Milli" instrumental. <mask> was featured on "Make 'em Say", a song from one of Strbuttah's mixtapes. The music video for the song, released in January 2011, was created by Rcube of Strbuttah. <mask> made her TV debut in the music video. She later appeared on the female version of Tha Suspect's song "I No Send You".The video for "I No Send You" was released in March 2011. 2011–2013:The GIGO E.P

Eva started working on her debut EP, The GIGO E.P, as an independent artist. The EP is an acronym for Garbage in Garbage Out and was released on 20 November 2011. It comprises 9 songs and was released for free digital download. The EP was supported by four singles: "I Done Did It", "Down Low", "Garbage Out (Your Fada)", and "High". The EP's production was handled by Sossick, Tintin, and Gray Jon'z. "I Done Did it" was produced by Sossick and released as the EP's lead single.In a 2012 interview with Halley Bondy of MTV Iggy, <mask> said she was honored to have worked with the aforementioned producers. She also said she had fun recording the EP. <mask> released the second single "High" in 2012. The music video for the single was directed by Mex and released on 24 May 2012. It was uploaded onto YouTube at a total length of 4 minutes and 37 seconds. The video premiered on MTV Base in May 2012. When the video was released, many people misconstrued the meaning of the song and thought that it alluded to drug use.In the aforementioned interview with Bondy of MTV Iggy, <mask> said that the song is about overcoming the struggles and hardships of life. It was reported in May 2012 that <mask> signed a record deal with Da Trybe 2.0, a record label owned by record producer and recording artist eLDee. In November 2013, Ariya Today reported that <mask> was dropped from Trybe Records. According to the press release signed by the management of the recording outfit, <mask>ja, <mask> denied reports about being signed to Trybe Records despite the press release statements from the label. After the Trybe Records saga in 2012, she took a break from the music scene and spent time reflecting on her craft. In February 2013, she worked with producer Sossick to release "Mercy", a song that was made available for download on her blogsite.The song was produced and co-written by the aforementioned producer. In December 2013, UK producer Drox featured her in the music video for "Mercy". He released several official remixes of the song, including a "Summer" mix and a "Jackin Storm" mix. In August 2013, <mask> signed a management deal with Radioactiiv. Also in August 2013, Nokia Nigeria enlisted her as one of the judges for its annual Don't Break Da Beat competition. 2014–present:1960 and other releases
On 29 July 2013, <mask> released the promotional single "Lights Out". The song was produced by Gray Jon'z.The music video for the song was directed by Patrick Elis. In an interview with the Leadership newspaper, <mask> said she recorded the song to showcase her versatility as an artist. Work on <mask>'s debut studio album started as early as 2012. The album is being produced by Tintin and Gray Jon'z. On 24 January 2014, <mask> released "Deaf" as the album's lead single. The song, which was produced by Gray Jon'z, premiered three months after the premiere of the "Lights Out" video. The music video for "Deaf" was shot and directed by Patrick Elis.The song has been remixed by rapper Boogey. <mask> stated in an interview that she loves creating visual content, and has successfully co-directed all of her music videos to date. To promote the single, <mask> organised a rap competition exclusively for girls. <mask> was featured in the Lagos edition of BBC Radio 1xtra's Live Lounge alongside M.I, 2face Idibia, Wizkid and Iyanya. As part of the feature, artists were asked to freestyle. <mask> collaborated with Burna Boy, Endia, Yung L, and Sarkodie on a song that was initially intended to be a theme song for the third season of MTV Base's Shuga. Instead of using the Chopstix-produced song, MTV Base chose Del B's "Sweet Like Shuga" track which features vocals from Flavour N'abania, Sound Sultan, Chidinma, Kcee and Professor.The unreleased theme song was leaked online and made available on NotJustOk. On 11 March 2014, she released her version of the unreleased theme song titled "Shuga". On 31 August 2014, Thisday newspaper reported that <mask> became an ambassador of Guinness Nigeria's Made of Black campaign alongside Olamide and Phyno. <mask> performed at the campaign's launch and was featured in the campaign's television commercial. On 25 September 2014, "War Coming" was released as the upcoming album's second single. The song was produced by Tintin and features guest vocals from Sir Dauda. On 6 November 2014, 1960 was announced as the title of <mask>'s debut studio album, which was slated for a January 2015 release.The album will feature guest collaborators such as Darey Art Alade, Femi Kuti, Yemi Alade, Olamide, Sarkodie and Sir Dauda. On 20 November 2014, <mask> released a self-titled second EP for free digital download. On 6 March 2015, <mask> premiered the music video for "War Coming", which was directed by MEX. On 1 March 2016, <mask> released her second mixtape titled Because You Been Waiting. It comprises 5 songs and features a sample of DMX's 2000 single "What These Bitches Want". Discography
Studio albums
1960: The Album (2016)

Mixtapes
<mask> (2014)
Because You Been Waiting (2016)

EPs
The GIGO E.P (2011)

Awards and nominations

Notes

References

External links
 <mask> at SoundCloud

1989 births
Nigerian women rappers
Living people
21st-century Nigerian musicians
Musicians from Abuja
Bowen University alumni
Nigerian cosmetics businesspeople
Nigerian make-up artists
Nigerian hip hop singers
Nigerian reggae singers
21st-century women musicians
Women hip hop singers

masks:
Eva Alordiah
Eva Alordiah
Eva
Eva
Eva
Eva
Eva Alordiah
Eva
Eva
Eva
Eva
Eva
Eva
Eva
Eva
Eva
Eva
Eva
Eva
Eva
Eva
Evaai
Eva
Eva
Eva
Eva
Eva
Eva
Eva
Eva
Eva
Eva
Eva
Eva
Eva
Eva
Eva
Eva
Eva
Eva Alordiah


title: Robert Muczynski

texts:
<mask> (March 19, 1929 – May 25, 2010) was a Polish-American composer. <mask> studied piano with Walter Knupfer and composition with Alexander Tcherepnin at DePaul University in Chicago, where he received both his Bachelor of Music degree (1950) and his Master of Music degree (1952) in Piano Performance. <mask> later taught at DePaul University, Loras College, and Roosevelt University, before settling in Tucson in the 1960s where he joined the faculty of the University of Arizona as a composer-in-residence and chairman of the composition department. He held both positions until his retirement in 1988. Among the more than fifty published compositions in his catalog, Sonata for flute and piano, Op. 14 (1961), Sonata for alto saxophone and piano (1970), and Time Pieces for clarinet and piano (1984) have entered the repertoire and remain frequently performed in recitals, as has much of his solo piano music. Works by Muczynski have also appeared with increasing frequency on programs in the U.S., Europe, the Far East, Australia and Mexico.Orchestral works have been performed by the Chicago Symphony, the Cincinnati Symphony Orchestra, the National Symphony Orchestra, D.C., the Tucson Symphony Orchestra, the Minnesota Orchestra and others abroad. Personal life
<mask> was born in Chicago, Illinois, where he attended Steinmetz High School, and graduated in 1949. He then matriculated to DePaul University in the late 1940s, where he studied composition with Alexander Tcherepnin. At age 29 he made his Carnegie Hall debut, performing a program of his own compositions for piano. He died in Tucson, Arizona, on May 25, 2010.

Notable works

Chamber music
Op. 4 Allegro Deciso for brass sextet and timpani (1952) SP
Fragments for flute, clarinet, and bassoon (1958) GS
Op. 11/1 Trumpet Trio (1959) GS
Op.11/2 Three Designs for Three Timpani (1960) GS
Fanfare for Brass and Percussion (1961)
Op. 16 Movements for wind quintet (1962) SP
Op. 26 Fantasy Trio for Clarinet, Violoncello and Piano (1969) TP
Op. 27 Voyage for trumpet, horn, and trombone (1969) GS
Op. 31 String Trio for violin, viola, and cello (1971–72) TP
Op. 34a Duos for two flutes (1973) GS
Op. 34b Duos for clarinet and flute (1973) GS
Op.45 Quintet for Winds (1985) TP

Works for unaccompanied instruments
Dedication Recessional for organ (1957)
Statements for percussion (1961) GS
Op. 18 Three Preludes for unaccompanied flute (1963) GS
Gallery, Suite for Unaccompanied Cello (1966) GS
Op. 32 Impromptus for Solo Tuba (1972) GS
Op. 42 Profiles for harpsichord (1982) HM

Publishers
1 GS G. Schirmer, Inc.
TP Theodore Presser Co.
SP Shawnee Press, Inc.
HM Hinshaw Music, Inc.
AMP Associated Music Publishers

Concertos
Op. 2 Divertimento (1951)
Op. 7 Piano Concerto No. 1 (1954) SP
Op.41 Concerto for Alto Saxophone and Chamber Orchestra (1981) TP

Solo piano
Op. 1 Sonatina (1949) AMP
Op. 3 Five Sketches (1952)
Op. 6 Six Preludes (1954) GS
Op. 8 Variations on a Theme of Tcherepnin (1955)
Op. 9 First Piano Sonata (1957) SP
Op. 13 Suite (1960) GS
Op.15 Toccata (1961) GS
Op. 19 A Summer Journal (1964) GS
Op. 21 Fables: Nine Pieces for the Young (1965) GS
Op. 22 Second Piano Sonata (1966) TP
Op. 23 Diversions: Nine Pieces for Students (1967) GS
Op. 30 Seven (1971) GS
Op. 35 Third Piano Sonata (1973–74) TP
Op.37 Maverick Pieces (1976) GS
Op. 40 Masks (1980) TP
Op. 44 Dream Cycle (1983) TP
Op. 48 Desperate Measures (Paganini Variations) (1994) TP

Orchestral music
Op. 5 Symphony No. 1 (1953)
Op. 10 Galena: A Town (Suite for orchestra) (1958)
Op.12 Dovetail Overture for orchestra (1960) GS
Op. 17 Dance Movements for orchestra (1962) GS
Op. 20 Symphonic Dialogues (1965) GS
Op. 28 Charade for orchestra (1971) GS
Second Symphony (1974)
Op. 38 Serenade for Summer for orchestra (1976) TP
Op. 39 Symphonic Memoir for orchestra (1979) TP

Film scores
The Great Unfenced (1963)
Yankee Painter: The Work of Winslow Homer (1963)
American Realists (1964)
Cajititlan (1965)
Charles Burchfield: This Art (1966)
The Clowns Never Laugh (1967)
Terra Sancta (1967)
Bellota: Story of Roundup (1969)
Journey Thru Eden (1975)

Choral music
Alleluia for chorus (1961), withdrawn
I Never Saw A Moor for chorus (1967), withdrawn
Op. 33 Synonyms for Life for chorus and piano (1973), GS

Works list by date of composition
Opus title, date of composition, and publisher:
Op.1 Sonatina for piano (1949) AMP
Op. 2 Divertimento for piano and orchestra (1951)
Op. 3 Five Sketches for piano (1952)
Op. 4 Allegro Deciso for brass sextet and timpani (1952) SP
American Songs for piano, 4 hands (1952) withdrawn
Op. 5 Symphony No. 1 (1953)
Op. 6 Six Preludes for piano (1954) GS
Op.7 Piano Concerto No. 1 (1954) SP
Op. 8 Variations on a Theme of Tcherepnin for piano (1955)
Op. 9 First Piano Sonata (1957) SP
Dedication Recessional for organ (1957)
Op. 10 Galena: A Town (Suite for orchestra) (1958)
Fragments for flute, clarinet, and bassoon (1958) GS
Op. 11/1 Trumpet Trio (1959) GS
Op. 11/2 Three Designs for Three Timpani (1960) GS
Op.12 Dovetail Overture for orchestra (1960) GS
Op. 13 Suite for piano (1960) GS
Op. 14 Sonata for Flute and Piano (1960) GS
Alleluia for chorus (1961) withdrawn
Statements for percussion (1961) GS
Fanfare for Brass and Percussion (1961)
Op. 15 Toccata for piano (1961) GS
Op. 16 Movements for wind quintet (1962) SP
Op. 17 Dance Movements for orchestra (1962) GS
Fuzzette, the Tarantula, for narrator, flute, alto saxophone, and piano (1962) TP
Op. 18 Three Preludes for unaccompanied flute (1963) GS
Score for the film The Great Unfenced (1963)
Score for the film Yankee Painter: The Work of Winslow Homer (1963)
Op.19 A Summer Journal for piano (1964) GS
Score for the film American Realists (1964)
Op. 20 Symphonic Dialogues (1965) GS
Score for the film Cajititlan (1965)
Op. 21 Fables: Nine Pieces for the Young for piano (1966) GS
Gallery, Suite for Unaccompanied Cello (1966) GS
Score for the film Charles Burchfield: This Art (1966)
Op. 22 Second Piano Sonata (1967) TP
Op. 23 Diversions: Nine Pieces for Students for piano (1967) GS
Op. 24 First Piano Trio (1967) TP
I Never Saw A Moor for chorus (1967) withdrawn
Score for the film The Clowns Never Laugh (1967)
Score for the film Terra Sancta (1967)
Op. 25 Sonata for Cello and Piano (1968) GS
Op.26 Fantasy Trio for clarinet, cello, and piano (1969) TP
Op. 27 Voyage for trumpet, horn, and trombone (1969) GS
Score for the film Bellota: Story of Roundup (1969)
Op. 28 Charade for orchestra (1971) GS
Op. 29 Sonata for Alto Saxophone and Piano (1971) GS
Op. 30 Seven for piano (1971) GS
Op. 31 String Trio for violin, viola, and cello (1971–72) TP
Op. 32 Impromptus for Solo Tuba (1972) GS
Op.33 Synonyms for Life for chorus and piano (1973) GS
Op. 34a Duos for two flutes (1973) GS
Op. 34b Duos for clarinet and flute (1973) GS
Op. 35 Third Piano Sonata (1973–74) TP
Second Symphony (1974)
Op. 36 Second Piano Trio (1975) TP
Score for the film Journey Thru Eden (1975)
Op. 37 Maverick Pieces for piano (1976) GS
Op. 38 Serenade for Summer for orchestra (1976) TP
Op.39 Symphonic Memoir for orchestra (1979) TP
Op. 40 Masks for piano (1980) TP
Op. 41 Concerto for Alto Saxophone and Chamber Orchestra (1981) TP
Op. 42 Profiles for harpsichord (1982) HM
Op. 43 Time Pieces for clarinet and piano (1983) TP
Op. 44 Dream Cycle for piano (1983) TP
Op. 45 Quintet for Winds (1985) TP
Op.46 Third Piano Trio (1986–87) TP
Op. 47 Moments for flute and piano (1993) TP
Op. 48 Desperate Measures (Paganini Variations) for piano (1994) TP

References

External links
<mask>'s page at Theodore Presser Company
Classical Composers Database Entry
Interview with <mask>ski, December, 1987
A Muczynski Retrospective by Walter Simmons, Fanfare, July/Aug 2001

1929 births
2010 deaths
American male classical composers
American classical composers
21st-century classical composers
DePaul University alumni
DePaul University faculty
21st-century American composers
21st-century American male musicians

masks:
Robert Muczynski
Muczynski
Muczynski
Muczynski
Robert Muczynski
Robert Muczyn


title: Jürgen Klute

texts:
<mask> (born in Bünde on 18 October 1953) is a German politician, social pastor, and co-publisher. He was a member of the European Parliament from 2009 to 2014. Klute is married and has two children. Education and work experience
Klute studied Theology in Bielefeld and Marburg from 1974 to 1981 with a focus on peace pedagogy, liberation theology, material exegesis, and intercultural dialogue. Klute successfully completed his preparation to be a pastor while working in the congregation of Marburg-Ockershausen between 1982 and 1984. He was a research assistant at the Kurhessen Waldeck Lutheran Theological College, focusing on peace education and intercultural dialogue from 1982 to 1986. Klute was also a school pastor at the vocational school in Bad Berleburg 1984–1986.Klute participated in the project 'The World of Industrial Work and the Church' of Gladbeck-Bottrop-Dorsten Church District, Dorsten from 1986 to 1989. During the course of this project he worked for six months in the conditions of the underground shaft mines. Klute was chosen to be the Industry- and Social pastor and head of the social ministry in Herne parish in 1989. After the dissolution of the social ministry in Herne, Klute worked as a study supervisor for school ethics at the Bochum City Lutheran Academy from 2007 to 2009. Social and political engagement in the Ruhr region

He has been a co-publisher and member of the editorial team of the periodical AMOS - Kritische Blätter aus dem Ruhrgebiet since 1988. He was head of the social pastorate (church service in the world of work) of Herne Church District from 1989 to 2006, and treasurer and member of the board of the European Contact Group, the Ecumenical European Network of Church Service in the world of work, based in Prague from 2001 to 2006. Klute has also co-edited an array of books over social ethics, the relationship of religion to daily work environment, as well as books on current questions over social and job market policy.As social pastor in 1993, Klute belonged to the Herner Bündnis für Arbeit und soziale Gerechtigkeit (since 2004: „Herner Sozialforum“), serving as a spokesman until the end of 2004. During the 2005 election campaign in Nordrhein-Westfalen, Klute was the leading candidate of the WASG (Wahlalternative Arbeit und soziale Gerechtigkeit). In this first campaign after the group's founding in 2004, the party received 2.2% of the vote, immediately becoming the fifth strongest political party in the state. From 2006 to 2009, Klute was a consulting member in the Cultural Committee of the Regionalverbandes Ruhr (RVR). At the end of April 2006, Klute was chosen for the extended national association of the WASG, in which he remained until its dissolution on 15 June 2007. On the 16th of June he joined the newly established Die Linke party, the German Left, and was elected onto the board  from 2007 to 2009. EU representation

At the convention of Die Linke party in Essen, Klute was chosen to fill Place 6 on the party list, winning 85.9% of the votes.He later obtained 7.5% of the party votes in the European elections on 7 June 2009. Klute was a member and representative of the European Left group GUE/NGL on the Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs and was a substitute member of the Committee on Budgets. He was a member of the Delegation for Relations with the Mercosur Countries and was in the Delegation to the Euro-Latin American Parliamentary Assembly. He also acted as a substitute member of the Delegation to the EU-Turkey Joint Parliamentary Committee. In 2010 and 2011 he was a member of the Special Committee for Policy Challenges, which prepared negotiations concerning the multi-annual financial framework for the EU period 2014–2020. Klute also contributed as a chief negotiator to formulate a directive through European Parliament to the Member States for an EU-wide establishment of the legal right to a checking account which will begin in 2016. In 2013, motivated by the increasingly anti-European policies of the European Left, Klute waived a renewed candidacy for a place on the party list at Die Linke Party convention in Hamburg.On 15 May 2014 for his commitment to the rights of small farmers in Colombia, Klute was awarded the Medal of Honor from the 'Contraloría y de la Contralora General de Colombia'. Publications
 Wolfgang Belitz, <mask> <mask>, Hans-Udo Schneider: Wohin driften die Kirchen? 10 Jahre Sozialwort. Eine ökumenische Zwischenbilanz. BoD Verlag, Norderstedt 2008. <mask> <mask>, Sandra Kotlenga (Hrsg. ): Sozial- und Arbeitsmarktpolitik nach Hartz.Fünf Jahre Hartz-Reformen: Bestandsaufnahmen - Analysen - Perspektiven. Universitätsverlag Göttingen, 2008. <mask> <mask>, Herbert Schlender, Sabine Sinagowitz (Hrsg. ): Positionen zum Mindestlohn in der evangelischen Kirche. Eine Dokumentation. BoD Verlag, Norderstedt 2007. <mask> <mask>, Franz Segbers (Hrsg.): Gute Arbeit verlangt ihren gerechten Lohn. Tarifverträge für die Kirchen. VSA Verlag, Hamburg 2006. Wolfgang Belitz, <mask> <mask>, Hans-Udo Schneider: Menschen statt Märkte. Für eine Neuorientierung der Kirche im Dritten System. Lit Verlag, Münster 2006. <mask> <mask>, Hans-Udo Schneider (Hrsg.): Auf dem Weg der Gerechtigkeit ist Leben. Sozialethische Anmerkungen und Skizzen zur Sozialen Gerechtigkeit heute. Lit Verlag, Münster 2005. <mask> <mask>, Lioba Schulte, Spyros Papaspyrou (Hrsg. ): AGORA - Von der Kohle zum Amphitheater. Kleine Schritte in Richtung Europa. Lit Verlag, Münster 2004.<mask> <mask>, Herbert Schlender, Sabine Sinagowitz (Hrsg. ): Gute Arbeit / Good Work. Lit Verlag, Münster 2004. Axel Gerntke, <mask> <mask>, Axel Troost, Achim Trube (Hrsg. ): Hart(z) am Rande der Seriosität? Die Hartz-Kommission als neues Modell der Politikberatung und -gestaltung? Kommentare und Kritiken.Lit Verlag, Münster 2002. Wolfgang Belitz, <mask> <mask>, Hans-Udo Schneider: Zukunft der Arbeit in einem neuen Gesellschaftsvertrag. Lit Verlag, Münster 2001. References

External links

 DIE LINKE in the European Parliament
 Website of <mask> <mask> in the European Parliament

MEPs for Germany 2009–2014
1953 births
Living people

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