title: Hardwicke Rawnsley

texts:
<mask> (29 September 1851 – 28 May 1920) was an Anglican priest, poet, local politician and conservationist. He became nationally and internationally known as one of the three founders of the National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty in the 1890s. <mask> was descended from a line of Church of England vicars, and after briefly considering medicine as a career he graduated from Oxford and took holy orders. In the mid-1870s he worked with the urban poor in London and Bristol, before being appointed in 1877 to a rural parish in Westmorland in the English Lake District. He soon became a vigorous activist in the campaign to preserve the region from excessive industrial development. In 1883 <mask> was appointed Vicar of Crosthwaite, Cumberland, in the north of the Lake District. He remained in the post for 34 years, becoming known locally and nationally for his energetic efforts to improve life for working people.He and his wife founded the Keswick School of Industrial Art, and he led campaigns to make access to the countryside available for everyone. Concluding that protests and legislation were not enough to protect the environment, he joined Robert Hunter and Octavia Hill in 1893 to found the National Trust to own land on the public's behalf. It grew to become one of Britain's largest and most important landowners, holding land and buildings in trust for the people of Britain. <mask> was a prolific writer, publishing more than 40 books, including verse, sermons, historical studies, travel accounts and biographies. He retired in 1917 and moved to the village of Grasmere, in the southern Lake District, where he died in 1920, aged 68. Life and career

Early years

<mask> <mask> – known to his family and intimates as "Hardie" – was born at the rectory, Shiplake, Oxfordshire on 28 September 1851. He was the second son and fourth of the ten children of the Rev Robert Drummond Burrell <mask> (1817–1882) and his wife, Catherine Ann, née Franklin (1818–1892).In 1862 <mask> accepted the post of vicar of Halton Holegate in the fen district of Lincolnshire. According to Hardwicke <mask>'s biographer Vivian Griffiths, "Observing the wildlife of the Fens, the construction of the Holbeach-to-Spilsby railway and watching the navvies building embankments were to be formative influences". Later in 1862, aged eleven, <mask> enrolled at Uppingham School, where his godfather, Edward Thring, was headmaster. Thring became a major influence on him: <mask> excelled at athletics and gymnastics, but Thring encouraged his aesthetic side, particularly his budding gifts as a poet. The historian George Bott writes:

In 1869 Thring introduced <mask> to the Lake District, staying in Grasmere village, where William Wordsworth had lived. <mask> quickly came to share the enthusiasm shown by Wordsworth and others for the Lake District landscape. In 1870 <mask> went up to Balliol College, Oxford, initially reading classics but switching after two years to natural sciences, with the intention of becoming a medical practitioner.He was at first an exuberant undergraduate, prominent in athletics and rowing, and not conspicuously conscientious about his studies. His outlook became more serious under the influence of the art critic and social campaigner John Ruskin. <mask> was one of a group of undergraduate volunteers – others were Oscar Wilde and Arnold Toynbee – who undertook manual labour under Ruskin's direction to improve the road and drainage between Oxford and the village of Hinksey. The project foundered after two months when Ruskin left for Venice, but for <mask> it was, in Griffiths's words, "life-changing, his social conscience awakened". He began to think that the Church rather than medicine was his vocation. In 1874 he graduated with a third class degree in natural sciences and the following year was awarded his Master of Arts degree. London and Bristol

After leaving Oxford, <mask> went to work among the urban poor in London.He was appointed lay-chaplain to the Newport Market Refuge, a hostel for the destitute, in the parish of St Mary's, Soho, an insalubrious part of London known for prostitution and poverty. Ruskin introduced him to Octavia Hill, the pioneer of social housing, and <mask> added to his workload the role of rent-collector for Hill's colleague Emma Cons. Under the strain of his various activities he suffered a nervous breakdown. At Hill's suggestion he went to the Lake District to recuperate, staying first with his cousins at Wray Castle, Westmorland, and then with Thring at Grasmere and finally with Hill's friends the Fletcher family at their house near Ambleside. The eldest daughter of his host and hostess was Edith Fletcher (1846–1916); she and <mask> were mutually attracted, with shared interests in art, literature and nature. In December 1875 <mask>, his health restored, was ordained deacon. On Thring's recommendation he was appointed to the new post of chaplain to the Clifton College mission, ministering to one of Bristol's poorest areas.At first there was no building in which services could be held, but <mask> secured a disused factory workshop and converted it into a chapel. The ecclesiastical authorities felt that he went too far in his efforts to attract young locals, not confining himself to religious services but organising a temperance club, regular football matches and weekend country walks. He campaigned to save the disused 14th-century St Werburgh's Church from demolition. It was taken down stone by stone and re-erected on a new site. His enthusiasms did not endear him to the conservative hierarchy of the Bristol church, but when he left his post in 1877 he was presented with a testimonial to his work by the mayor and other leading citizens. Vicar of Wray
In 1877 <mask> and Edith Fletcher became engaged to be married and he began making plans for their life together. His cousin <mask>'s estate at Wray Castle contained a parish church, St Margaret of Antioch, Low Wray.The post of vicar there became vacant and Edward offered it to <mask>, who was ordained priest in Carlisle Cathedral on 23 December 1877 and took up the appointment at Wray. <mask> and Edith were married in the Fletchers' local church at Brathay in January 1878, in a service conducted by <mask>. The couple's only child, Noel, was born at Wray in December 1880. According to the biographer Graham Murphy, "because of his parents' numerous activities and love of travel [Noel] suffered a somewhat solitary childhood". By this time, Ruskin had made his home in the Lake District; since 1873 he had lived at Brantwood on the shore of Coniston Water, 22 miles from Wray. He had already been involved in a conservation campaign, unsuccessfully opposing the damming of Thirlmere  to create a reservoir for the city of Manchester, nearly 100 miles away. <mask> visited Ruskin frequently, and in 1880 they discussed "how to add happiness to the country labourer's lot".The two agreed that "idle hands should have something found for them to do by other than the Devil … We must bring joy, the joy of eye and hand-skill to our cottage homes". Ruskin suggested reviving the old craft of hand-spinning and weaving wool; <mask>, considering this infeasible, opted for wood carving. He recorded that "a lady was engaged to come down from South Kensington to give a course of lessons in the three villages, and our humble home industry in the lake district was set on foot." Instruction also included techniques for metal repoussé, taught by the Swiss butler from <mask>'s family home. The young Beatrix Potter holidayed at Wray Castle with her parents in 1882. They met <mask>, who became a firm friend, particularly of Beatrix. His views on preserving the natural beauty of the Lake District had a lasting effect on her.He was the first published author she had met, and he took a great interest in her drawings, supporting her in her determination to have them taken seriously and later encouraging her to publish her first book, The Tale of Peter Rabbit. They remained close for the rest of <mask>'s lifetime, and <mask> maintained in his later years that Potter had been the real love of his father's life. Campaigning against railway development

In 1883 parliamentary approval was given for a scheme to build a railway line through the Newlands Valley to carry slate from quarries; the valley was, and is, regarded as one of the most beautiful and tranquil in the Lake District. A rival scheme was proposed, to run between Ennerdale Water and the coast. <mask> spearheaded a campaign to stop both. Ruskin gave his support, although after the failure of his Thirlmere campaign he was not optimistic about the outcome. <mask> held meetings, lobbied assiduously and wrote prolifically to legislators and newspapers.In a letter to The Standard he said:

<mask> founded the Derwentwater and Borrowdale Defence Committee and enlisted the support of the Commons Preservation Society and the Kyrle Society, two established campaigning conservation organisations headed by well-known figures including Octavia and Miranda Hill, George Shaw Lefevre, James Bryce and Robert Hunter. The public paid heed, and protests became so widespread and so strong that the schemes were dropped. Griffiths writes that although by no means solely responsible for the successful outcome of the campaign, <mask> "became a local and national hero almost overnight, and a new awareness of landscape preservation came to the fore". The success of the campaign led to the formation of the Lake District Defence Society (later to become The Friends of the Lake District). <mask> proposed the foundation of the organisation at a meeting of the Wordsworth Society in 1883. He maintained that for the sake of Wordsworth's literary heritage it was necessary to protect the landscape that had inspired him. The stated aim of the society was "to protect the Lake District from those injurious encroachments upon its scenery which are from time to time attempted from purely commercial or speculative motives, without regard to its claim as a national recreation ground".Besides <mask>, founder-members included Ruskin, Robert Browning, the Duke of Westminster and Alfred, Lord Tennyson, with whom <mask> had a family connection. As well as saving the landscape from insensitive development, <mask> and his colleagues aimed to protect rights of way and the use of common land. The new society gained support not only among local people but throughout Britain, including the cities; there was support from outside Britain, particularly from the United States. Vicar of Crosthwaite

During the time the Lake District Defence Society was being formed, the Bishop of Carlisle, Harvey Goodwin, offered <mask> the post of vicar of St Kentigern's, Crosthwaite and rural dean of Keswick. Goodwin said, "In my opinion the post which I offer you is as near Heaven as anything in this world can be". <mask> took up the appointment in July 1883. By contrast with the tiny parish of Wray, which had a population of about 100, Crosthwaite was substantial, with not only St Kentigern's but five outlying churches in the surrounding countryside.The parish was founded in the sixth century, and there was much to appeal to <mask>'s sense of history. He revived the traditional symbols of St Kentigern – a robin, a tree, a bell and a salmon with a ring in its mouth – incorporating them in the mosaic floor of the church. He threw himself vigorously into parish life, "friend to both landowner and boatman, tourist and local" in Griffiths's words. At the same time he continued to campaign on a large number of national issues, not only supporting conservation but opposing such practices as vivisection, rabbit coursing, the cruel trapping of animals, and what he called "murderous millinery" – the killing of birds to use their feathers in hats. "If there was a committee, he was on it; a church fete, he was opening it", commented Griffiths. One of his parishioners called him "the most active volcano in Europe". Both Murphy and Griffiths add that his reforming zeal sometimes made him "intolerably authoritarian"; his gardener referred to him as a "peppery old swine".In November 1884 <mask> and his wife began organising classes in metalwork and wood carving. There was considerable unemployment in Keswick and the surrounding area, particularly in the winter months, and the <mask>s aimed to provide productive and satisfying work. <mask> was mindful of advice given to him by William Morris:
 The classes, for men only, were held in the parish rooms near the centre of the town, under the supervision of <mask>, assisted by a local designer and another professional from the South Kensington School of Design. This led to the establishment of the Keswick School of

masks:
Hardwicke Drummond Rawnsley
Rawnsley
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Hardwicke
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Drummond Rawnsley
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Edward Rawnsley
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Drummond Rawnsley
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Edith Rawnsley
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Noel Rawnsley
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Edith Rawnsley


title: Hardwicke Rawnsley

type: original

texts:
 Industrial Art. It flourished and quickly gained a reputation for high-quality copper and silver decorative metalwork. By 1888 nearly seventy men were attending the classes. By 1890 the school was exhibiting nationally and winning prizes.To accommodate the increased numbers of students <mask> raised funds for a purpose-built home for the school, adjacent to the River Greta. It opened in 1894 and in 1898 a full-time head, Harold Stabler, was appointed, succeeded in 1900 by Herbert Maryon. The school was mainly financed from sales of its products, and continued in operation until 1984. For the women of Keswick and the district the <mask>s introduced spinning and weaving classes, led by Marion Twelves, a protégée of Ruskin. <mask> was proud that when Ruskin died in 1900, the pall for the coffin was handspun and handwoven in Keswick under Twelves's direction. In 1887 <mask> revived the moribund Keswick and District Footpath Preservation Society, with the principal aim of stopping landowners blocking public rights of way across their land. The owner of Fawe Park, Portinscale, had done so between the Derwentwater shore and the slopes of Catbells.When persuasion failed, <mask> led hundreds of demonstrators to demolish the barriers. Bott comments that this dispute roused local passions, but that the next confrontation between <mask> and local landowners earned national headlines. The owner of Latrigg, a fell overlooking Keswick, attempted to block access along two paths and challenged the objectors to trespass, with a view to bringing a test case in court. The barriers were torn down and more than 2,000 people marched to the Latrigg summit. The case came to trial and a compromise was reached: one path remained closed but the other was recognised as an inalienable public right of way. In addition to his post at Crosthwaite, <mask> was appointed as an honorary canon of Carlisle Cathedral in 1891. Within his parish, his interest in education led him to take a large part in founding Keswick High School, one of the first co-educational secondary schools in the country, which opened in October 1898.He was chairman of the school's board of governors, and Cumberland's director of education described him as "the real founder of the Keswick High School". To <mask>, education was not merely about the basic "three Rs"; it had to also incorporate culture, art, awareness of nature and responsibility to all living things. County Councillor
Of the three people who later founded the National Trust, <mask> was the only one who associated himself even loosely with a party political movement. Robert Hunter, as a civil servant, was not permitted to do so and Octavia Hill was wary of governments and parties in general. There were two main British parties at the time: the Conservatives, seen as defending the interests of the landed aristocracy, and the Liberals, generally more sympathetic to ideas about environmental protection and public access to the countryside. When English local government was reorganised in the late 1880s <mask> stood as an independent Liberal for the newly-formed Cumberland County Council in January 1889. He was elected as the member for Keswick.<mask> became chairman of the council's Highways Committee. He stood out against the construction of roads over lakeland passes, secured controls over mining pollution, and promoted adequate signposting of footpaths. As a councillor he was continually at odds with the brewing industry. He hated drunkenness, and opposed what he saw as excessive numbers of public houses and unduly lax alcohol licensing regulations. But he was never a prohibitionist: after returning from a tour of French vineyards he wrote to The Times protesting against Britain's high tax on the importation of French wine, which he saw as unfair and as contributing to rural poverty in France. Ruskin's emphasis on practical skills was a lifelong influence on <mask>, and as a county councillor he promoted a mobile dairy hygiene unit. Its horse-drawn dairies toured the farms and villages, showing how to produce butter and cheese to the highest standards.Griffiths comments that it not only improved life for local farm workers but also led to increased competition against Danish dairy imports. This initiative developed into the Newton Rigg Farm School, near Penrith, which opened in 1896 and (at 2020) continues as Newton Rigg College. <mask> was also instrumental in founding a sanatorium for tuberculosis patients on Blencathra, 900 ft (275m) above sea level, where the mountain air was believed to be beneficial. His concern for the health of the community prompted him to campaign against over-processed white bread, encourage fell running and above all strive to ensure that footpaths were kept open to allow walking. He lost his seat on the council in 1895, the vote probably tipped by objections to his firm stance on public houses and alcohol licensing. National Trust

By 1890 <mask> had become convinced that the surest means of protecting land for public enjoyment was not lobbying or legislation but ownership. There had been cases in which people wished to give or bequeath property to the public, but there was no suitable national body that was legally capable of owning it.In 1884 Hunter had proposed "the formation of a corporate company" to hold properties "with a view to the protection of the public interest in the open spaces of the country". Hill was in favour of the idea but the Commons Preservation Society was against it, fearing that such a body would compete with it for public support; the proposal was allowed to lapse. In 1893 several important properties in the Lake District came up for sale, and <mask> went to London to discuss with Hunter and Hill how the sites might be acquired for the public. They agreed to revive the proposal of a national trust. An inaugural meeting was convened at Grosvenor House, London, in July 1894; Hunter and <mask> were elected chairman and secretary respectively. The National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty formally came into being in January 1895. Until his death, <mask> worked as honorary secretary to the Trust.He was responsible for the campaign to raise the £6,500 needed to buy Brandlehow Woods and Fell, a 105 acre property, the National Trust's first purchase in the Lake District. He was at the forefront of successful efforts to buy other properties in Cumberland and Westmorland: the 750 acre Gowbarrow Fell at Ullswater (1906); a large tract at the southern end of Derwentwater 1908, including a wooded knoll given by the <mask>s to mark their 25th year in the district (1908); extensive holdings in Borrowdale including the Bowder Stone (1910); and the site of the Castlerigg stone circle (1913). He was active elsewhere in the country on the National Trust's behalf. By the time of his death in 1920 the trust held 994 estates throughout England and Wales, including Waggoners Wells, Hampshire, acquired in memory of Hunter and Hydon's Ball, Surrey, in memory of Hill. Later years
<mask> was a frequent traveller. He and his wife made several walking and painting tours in the Alps, visited the Holy Land and went to Egypt when their son was working there in Sir Flinders Petrie's archaeological team. <mask> published accounts of his trips and books of poetry inspired by them.In 1896 he went to Russia as a newspaper correspondent to cover the coronation of Nicholas II, and three years later he toured the eastern states of the United States as ambassador for the National Trust. After the launch of the National Trust, <mask> continued to campaign on other issues about which he felt strongly. He took a leading role in the erection of monuments to Wordsworth (Cockermouth, 1896), Caedmon (Whitby, 1896) and Bede (Monkwearmouth, 1903). He turned his attention to the cinema, where he was strongly against the depiction of sex and violence. His loathing of indecency extended to an aversion to saucy seaside postcards. He encouraged young people not to attend "lurid crime films at kinemas", and turn instead to wholesome organisations such as the YMCA, Boy Scouts and Girl Guides. In 1898 <mask> was offered the bishopric of Madagascar, but declined it, feeling himself committed to his conservation work in the Lake District and, by then, in many other parts of the British countryside.In 1909 he was appointed a residentiary canon of Carlisle Cathedral, and spent three months a year staying in the Cathedral Close. A local controversy in 1911 made national news, when <mask> and Hunter successfully opposed the county council's proposal to demolish the medieval Portinscale bridge across the River Derwent near St Kentigern's and replace it with a modern structure. Proponents of a new bridge maintained that antiquity alone did not justify retaining an old structure: it must, they contended, have "historic associations". This argument was widely ridiculed and the council backed down, outmanoeuvred by <mask>, who, together with the owner of the adjacent property, offered to underwrite the cost of strengthening the old bridge. In 1912 <mask> was appointed to the honorary position of chaplain to the king, and he held the post of chaplain to the Border Regiment of the Territorial Force, with the rank of colonel. When the First World War began in 1914 <mask>'s views were straightforward: "The German envy and hate, which has been nursed against us secretly for the last 30 years, is now seen in all its open madness. It is the blackest and most devilish thing that has been heard of in history".He urged the young men of Cumberland to fight "for home and Empire". Among the volunteers was his son, Noel, who survived the war. <mask>'s confidence was shaken as the war went on and the lists of casualties grew longer and longer. When the war ended he was at the forefront of organising the peace celebrations. In 1915, with a view to eventual retirement, <mask> bought Allan Bank, Grasmere, a house in which Wordsworth had lived between 1808 and 1811. While he was staying at Carlisle in December 1916 his wife died at Crosthwaite from cardiac arrest brought on by influenza. <mask>, who had also caught influenza, was too ill to attend her funeral.In his absence the service was led by the Bishop of Barrow-in-Furness, Campbell West-Watson. <mask> felt unable to carry on without Edith's help, and the week after Easter 1917 he resigned from St Kentigern's after 34 years and retired to Allan Bank. He continued his work for the National Trust and remained an active Canon of Carlisle. In 1918 he married Eleanor "Nellie" Foster Simpson, a long-standing friend to him and Edith, who had for some years been his secretary. After the marriage the couple's honeymoon consisted of a tour of National Trust properties in Wales, a trip that was the basis of <mask>'s last book, a study of thirteen of the trust's properties in Wales and the West Country. <mask> suffered a heart attack and died at Allan Bank on 28 May 1920, after a brief illness. He was buried in the churchyard of St Kentigern's alongside Edith.He bequeathed Allan Bank to the National Trust, with a lifetime lease to Eleanor, who lived there until her death in 1959. Legacy
In its obituary notice, The Times wrote that "It is no exaggeration to say – and it is much to say of anyone – that England would be a much duller and less healthy and happy country if [<mask>] had not lived and worked." To commemorate him, the National Trust raised funds soon after his death to buy Friars' Crag, Lord's Island and other land bordering Derwentwater. A memorial stone is set in the wall alongside the path from the Keswick landing stages to the end of Friars' Crag. <mask> wrote a biography of her husband, published by his regular publisher, MacLehose, in 1923. <mask>in (1901) was described by The New York Times as "in many ways the best volume [of] his series of books upon some of the literary aspects of the Lake Country".Books by <mask>

  (by Giovanni Parenti, translated and edited by <mask>)

Notes, references and sources

Notes

References

Sources

Books

Journals

External links

Biography at Visit Cumbria
Beatrix Potter's Lake District (Liverpool Museums)
Poems, Ballads, and Bucolics, by <mask> <mask>
A Book of Bristol Sonnets, by <mask> <mask>in and the English Lakes, by <mask> <mask>
Sermons of Canon H <mask> at Cumbria Archive Centre, Kendal

1851 births
1920 deaths
Alumni of Balliol College, Oxford
British environmentalists
Church of England hymnwriters
English male poets
Members of Cumberland County Council
People educated at Uppingham School
19th-century English Anglican priests
20th-century English Anglican priests
National Trust people
People from Grasmere

masks:
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Rawnsley
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Eleanor Rawnsley
Rawnsleyusk
Rawnsley
Rawnsley
Hardwicke
Drummond Rawnsley
Hardwicke
Drummond Rawnsleyusk
Hardwicke
Drummond Rawnsley
D Rawnsley


title: Charles François (kickboxer)

texts:
<mask> (born October 4, 1986) is a French Muay Thai kickboxer. He is the W.P.M.F. European Muaythai Champion and former W.P.M.F. World Muaythai Champion. Biography and career

<mask>Karlito" <mask> is a pro Muaythai kickboxer and member of the France team of Muaythai. He has competed for over 10 years and has received various titles such as Champion of France six times. He is also a two-time European champion, Intercontinental champion and a world champion in the discipline.He began Muaythai at the age of 12-13 at Muaythai Academy 57 in Metz, with his trainer Stéphane Leichtmann. On February 17, 2012, <mask> faced Yuta Kubo for the vacant ISKA World Light-Welterweight (64.5 kg) Championship in Tokyo, Japan but lost via knockout in the second round. He beat Vang Moua by decision at Nuit des Champions in Marseille on November 24, 2012. He lost a split decision to Petchasawin Seatransferry at Best of Siam 3 in Paris, France, on February 14, 2013. He was dropped in round one and lost by unanimous decision to Lee Sung-Hyun at the K-1 World Max 2013 World Championship Tournament Final 16 in Majorca, Spain on September 14, 2013. At La 20ème Nuit des Champions -68.5 kg/151 lb tournament in Marseille, France, on November 23, 2013, <mask> lost to Abdallah Ezbiri on points in the semi-finals. He is expected to face Bobo Sacko at Warriors Night on April 4, 2014.On November 15, 2014 he faced the Thai Seemanut Sor Surinya losing by knockout first round at Z1 Royal Kedah event held in Langkawi, Malaysia

Three weeks later, he won his first fight at Lumpinee Stadium by unanimous decision against F16 Sor. Sakchai. He fought for the IPCC 148 lbs title against Nauzet Trujillo. <mask> lost the fight by a unanimous decision. Francois fought Kaiss Najm during Fight And Furious 2. The match ended in a draw. Titles and accomplishments

Titles:
2015 Emperor Chok Dee Champion -68 kg
2014 K1 I.S.K.A World Champion (65.000 kg)
2013 K1 I.S.K.A.Intercontinental Champion (65.000 kg)
2013 Explosion Fight Night 7 K-1 Rules Tournament Champion (65.000 kg)
2012 WMC World Muaythai Champion (63.500 kg)
2012 European Muaythai Champion (66.680 kg)
2011 W.P.M.F. Intercontinental Muaythai Champion (66.680 kg)
2011 Explosion Fight Night Volume 03 Tournament Runner Up (65 kg)
2010 W.P.M.F. World Muaythai Champion (67 kg)
2010 W.P.M.F. European Muaythai Champion (67 kg)
2009 French Muay Thai Class A Champion (67.500 kg)
2007 French Muay Thai Class A Champion (67.500 kg)

Kickboxing record

|-
|-  bgcolor="#c5d2ea"
| 2019-04-20 || Loss ||align=left| Kaiss Najm || Fight And Furious 2 || Marly-le-Roi, France || Decision (Unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
|-
|-  bgcolor="#fbb"
| 2018-11-24 || Loss ||align=left| Nauzet Trujillo || Golden K1 Tenerife || Spain || Decision (Unanimous) || 5 || 3:00
|-
! style=background:white colspan=9 |
|-
|-  bgcolor="#cfc"
| 2018-06-23 || Win ||align=left| Yoann Mermoux || Burning Series 7 || Bellegarde-sur-Valserine, France || Decision (Unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
|-
|-  bgcolor="#FFBBBB"
| 2018-03-30 || Loss||align=left| Mohamed Hendouf || The Main Event 6 || Levallois-Perret, France || TKO (three knockdowns) || 2 ||
|-
|-  bgcolor="#FFBBBB"
| 2017-08-26 || Loss||align=left|Liam Harrison || Muay Thai World Class Action In The UK || United Kingdom || TKO (three knockdowns) ||3||

|-  style="background:#fbb;"
| 2017-04-08|| Loss||align=left| Por.Tor.Thor. Petchrungruang || THAI FIGHT Paris || Paris, France || Decision || 3 || 3:00

|-  bgcolor="#FFBBBB"
| 2017-01-13 || Loss ||align=left| Yang Zhuo || Glory of Heroes 6 || Jiyuan, Henan, China || Decision || 3 ||  3:00
|-
|-  bgcolor="#FFBBBB"
| 2016-12-10 || Loss ||align=left| Armen Petrosyan   || VVWS - Venum Victory World Series|| Florence, Italy || Decision  || 5 ||  3:00
|-
! style=background:white colspan=9 |
|-
|-  bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 2016-05-19 || Win ||align=left|Lello Perego || Capital Fights || Paris, France || Decision || 3 || 3:00
|-  bgcolor="#FFBBBB"
| 2016-03-06 || Loss ||align=left| Sigitas GAIZAUSKAS || Max Muay Thai || Thailand || KO || 1 || 3:00
|-  bgcolor="#FFBBBB"
| 2015-08-22 || Loss ||align=left| Saenchai PKSaenchaimuaythaigym || Thai Fight || Thailand || KO (punch)|| 2 || 3:00
|-
|-  bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 2015-01-31 || Win ||align=left| Hamza Rahmani || Emperor Chok Dee || Nancy, France || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|-
!style=background:white colspan=9 |
|-
|-  bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 2014-12-05 || Win ||align=left| F16 Sor. Sakchai || King's Birthday || Bangkok, Thaïlande || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|-
|-  bgcolor="#FFBBBB"
| 2014-11-15 || Loss ||align=left| Simanoot Sor Surinya || Z1 Royal Kedah || Langkawi, Malaysia || KO (elbow)|| 1 || 2:30
|-
! style=background:white colspan=9 |
|-
|-  bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 2014-05-24 || Win ||align=left| Morgan Adrar || Ring's Tiger 3 || Chavelot, France || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|-
|-  bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 2014-05-10 || Win ||align=left| Sergio Wielzen || King of the Ring 3 || Longeville-Lès-Metz, France || Decision || 3 || 3:00
|-
|-  bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 2014-04-19 || Win ||align=left| Paolo Angelini || Kickboxing Day 6 || Villanova, Italy || KO (high kick) || 4 || 3:00
|-
! style=background:white colspan=9 |
|-
|-  bgcolor="#FFBBBB"
| 2014-04-04 || Loss ||align=left| Bobo Sacko || Warriors Night || Paris, France || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|-
|-  bgcolor="#FFBBBB"
| 2013-11-23 || Loss ||align=left| Abdellah Ezbiri || La 20ème Nuit des Champions, Semi finals || Marseilles, France || Decision || 3 || 3:00
|-
|-  bgcolor="#FFBBBB"
| 2013-09-14 || Loss ||align=left| Lee Sung-Hyun || K-1 World Max 2013 World Championship Tournament Final 16, First Round || Majorca, Spain || Decision (unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
|-
|-  bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 2013-03-16 || Win ||align=left| Mohamed Galaoui || Explosion Fight Night 7 ~65 kg K-1 Rules Tournament~, Final|| Châteauroux, France || Decision || 3 || 3:00
|-
! style=background:white colspan=9 |
|-
|-  bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 2013-03-16 || Win ||align=left| Calogero Palmeri || Explosion Fight Night 7 ~65 kg K-1 Rules Tournament~, Semi Final|| Châteauroux, France || Decision || 3 || 3:00
|-  bgcolor="#FFBBBB"
| 2013-02-14 || Loss ||align=left| Petchasawin Seatransferry || Best of Siam 3 || Paris, France || Decision (split) || 5 || 3:00
|-
|-  bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 2012-11-24 || Win ||align=left| Vang Moua || Nuit des Champions || Marseille, France || Decision || 3 || 3:00
|-
|-  bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 2012-05-05 || Win ||align=left| Panya Kemthong || King of The Ring || Longeville-lès-Metz, France || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|-
! style=background:white colspan=9 |
|-
|-  bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 2012-04-07 || Win ||align=left| Kichima Yattabare || Explosion Fight Night Volume 5 || Brest, France || Decision || 5 || 2:00
|-
|-  bgcolor="#FFBBBB"
| 2012-02-17 || Loss ||align=left| Yuta Kubo || Krush.16 || Tokyo, Japan || KO (punch to the body)|| 2 || 2:18
|-
! style=background:white colspan=9 |
|-
|-  bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 2012-02-11 || Win ||align=left| André Duarte || Kings of Muay Thai Act II || Differdange, Luxembourg || TKO (throw in the towel) || 3 ||
|-
!style=background:white colspan=9 |
|-
|-  bgcolor="#FFBBBB"
| 2011-12-30 || Loss ||align=left| Armin Pumpanmuang || Gladiator's War || Pattaya, Thailand || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|-
! style=background:white colspan=9 |
|-
|-  bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 2011-12-05 || Win ||align=left| Chang Shouy Youi || Kings Birthday || Bangkok, Thailand || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|-
! style=background:white colspan=9 |
|-
|-  bgcolor="#FFBBBB"
| 2011-10-08 || Loss ||align=left| Sak Kaoponlek || Muaythai Premier League: Round 2 || Padua, Italy || TKO (cut) || 3 ||
|-
|-  bgcolor="#FFBBBB"
| 2011-05-21 || Loss ||align=left| Armin Matli || Les Rois du Ring || Châlons, France || KO (left highkick) || 1 ||
|-
! style=background:white colspan=9 |
|-
|-  bgcolor="#FFBBBB"
| 2011-04-02 || Loss ||align=left| Houcine Bennoui || Explosion Fight Night Volume 03, Final || Brest, France || TKO || 2 ||
|-
! style=background:white colspan=9 |
|-
|-  bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 2011-04-02 || Win ||align=left| Alberto Siracusa || Explosion Fight Night Volume 03, Semi Final || Brest, France || Decision (unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
|-
|-  bgcolor="#FFBBBB"
| 2011-03-05 || Loss ||align=left| Kieran Keddle || Explosion Two: Aftershock || Swanley, England || Decision (split) || 5 || 3:00
|-
! style=background:white colspan=9 |
|-
|-  bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 2010-12-04 || Win ||align=left| Alexandre Boyancé || Thailand King's Birthday || Bangkok, Thailand || KO (right cross) || 2 ||
|-
! style=background:white colspan=9 |
|-
|-  bgcolor="#FFBBBB"
| 2010-10-29 || Loss ||align=left| Thanasak Top King Boxing || France vs Lumpinee || Paris, France || TKO (ankle injury) || 1 ||
|-
|-  bgcolor="#FFBBBB"
| 2010-09-11 || Loss ||align=left| Sak Kaoponlek || Iron Fighter || Pordenone, Italy || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|-
!style=background:white colspan=9 |
|-
|-  bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 2010-08-11 || Win ||align=left| Samson Sith-Ubon || Queens Birthday || Bangkok, Thailand || TKO (referee stoppage) || 3 ||
|-
|-  bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 2010-06-00 || Win ||align=left| Michelle Bottai || Muaythai Gala in Epinal || Epinal, France || TKO (referee stoppage) || 3 ||
|-
! style=background:white colspan=9 |
|-
|-  bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 2010-04-24 || Win ||align=left| Abdellah Ezbiri || Fightzone IV || Villeurbanne, France || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|-
|-  bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 2010-03-28 || Win ||align=left| Kraenkai Tor Silachai || France vs Thailand || Reims, France || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|-
|-  bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 2010-02-27 || Win ||align=left| Edgard Nzunga || Muaythai Gala in Ludres || Ludres, France || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|-
! style=background:white colspan=9 |
|-
|-  bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 2009-12-04 || Win ||align=left| Isae Ingram Gym || Kings Birthday || Bangkok, Thailand || TKO (doctor stoppage) || 4 ||
|-
|-  bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 2009-08-11 || Win ||align=left| Bird Kham || Queens Birthday || Bangkok, Thailand || TKO (knee to the liver) || 5 ||
|-
|-  bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 2009-06-11 || Win ||align=left| Bouba Konta || French Muaythai Championship || Paris, France || Decision || 5 || 3:00
|-
! style=background:white colspan=9 |
|-
|-  bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 2009-05-02 || Win ||align=left| Kraenkai Tor Silachai || France vs Thailand || Epinal, France || TKO (elbow/cut) || 1 ||
|-
|-  bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 2009-01-17 || Win ||align=left| Arezki Chayem || Les Rois du Ring || Ludres, France || TKO (gave up) || 4 ||
|-
|-  bgcolor="#FFBBBB"
| 2008-04-12 || Loss ||align=left| Boubou Traore || Le choc des mondes III || Saint-Amand, France || TKO (gave up) || 2 ||
|-
! style=background:white colspan=9 |
|-
|-  bgcolor="#FFBBBB"
| 2007-11-29 || Loss ||align=left| Mehdi Zatout || Gala in Coubertin || Paris, France || TKO (feferee stoppage) || 3 ||
|-
|-  bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 2007-10-00 || Win ||align=left| Boubou Traore || French Muaythai Championship || France || TKO (gave up) || 3 ||
|-
! style=background:white colspan=9 |
|-
|-  bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 2007-05-12 || Win ||align=left| Boubou Traore || Muaythai Gala in Epinal || Epinal, France || TKO (feferee stoppage) || 3 ||
|-
|-  bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 2006-05-13 || Win ||align=left| Jetmir Sula || Le Thaï Tournament II: France vs Thaïlande || Thônex, Switzerland || Decision || 3 ||
|-
|-
| colspan=9 | Legend:

See also
List of male kickboxers

References

1986 births
Living people
French male kickboxers
Lightweight kickboxers
Welterweight kickboxers
French Muay Thai practitioners

masks:
Charles François
Charles "
François
François
François
Charles


title: Ryan Dempster

texts:
<mask> (born May 3, 1977), is a Canadian former professional baseball pitcher, who played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Florida Marlins, Cincinnati Reds, Chicago Cubs, Texas Rangers, and Boston Red Sox. Dempster batted and threw right-handed. He was both a starter and a reliever in his career. Professional career

Draft and minor leagues
He was drafted by the Texas Rangers in the 3rd round of the 1995 MLB draft and began his career with the Gulf Coast Rangers. He subsequently played for the Hudson Valley Renegades, the Kane County Cougars and the Charleston RiverDogs. Florida Marlins (1998–2002)
<mask> was traded to the Florida Marlins on August 8, 1996 (with Rick Helling) for John Burkett. <mask> made his MLB debut for the Marlins, working two innings of relief, on May 23, 1998 against the Pittsburgh Pirates, allowing three earned runs on two hits in that game.He later made his first start on June 1 against the Chicago Cubs, lasting only  innings as he was shelled for five runs while allowing 4 hits (including 2 home runs) and walking 3, to record his first career loss. After falling to 0–3 he got his first Major League win on June 28 against the Boston Red Sox, when he allowed only 1 run in 7 innings. He was 1–5 with a 7.08 ERA in 14 appearances (11 starts) that season. In 1999, Dempster started 25 games and finished 7–8 with a 4.71 ERA. The following season, <mask> was 13–10 with a 3.66 ERA in 33 starts, including two complete games and one shutout. On May 7, 2000, he tossed a one-hitter against the New York Mets. He was selected to the 2000 Major League Baseball All-Star Game.Over the next two seasons, <mask> was 20–20 and had a 4.88 ERA with the Marlins. Cincinnati Reds (2002–2003)
On July 11, 2002, the Marlins traded <mask> to the Cincinnati Reds for Juan Encarnación, Wilton Guerrero and <mask>. In the second half of the season, he was 5–5 with a 6.19 ERA in 15 starts. In the 2003 season, he made 20 starts (and 2 relief appearances) and was 3-7 with a 6.54 ERA. In August 2003, he underwent Tommy John surgery on his right elbow and missed the rest of the season. Chicago Cubs (2004–2012)
After his release by the Reds, he signed as a free agent with the Chicago Cubs on January 21, 2004. After rehabbing from his surgery, he joined the Cubs on August 1 and appeared in 23 games, all out of the bullpen.He picked up his first MLB career save on September 15, 2004 against the Pittsburgh Pirates. In , after starting 6 games, <mask> was named the closer for the Cubs, replacing LaTroy Hawkins. He collected 33 saves in 35 opportunities, the best save percentage in the league; in both blown saves, he collected the win. He is the only Cub and one of just three players ever to both start a game and collect 30 saves in the same season. On October 1, 2005, the Cubs signed him through 2008 in a US$15.5 million contract extension. He emerged as one of the team's most consistent relievers in . At one point, Lou Piniella, the Cubs' manager, was considering promoting <mask> to a starting pitcher.However, the idea was short lived, as a struggling bullpen forced <mask> to remain as closer. He recorded 16 saves in 18 opportunities before missing two weeks of playtime on account of an injured oblique muscle. During 2008 spring training, <mask>'s performance resulted in his being designated to the third spot on the starting rotation, with the closer job going to Kerry Wood. On April 3, 2008, he earned his first win as a home starter since a 2002 win with the Marlins against the Cubs. On May 15, 2008, <mask> recorded a career high 12 strikeouts in a game. He pitched  innings, and gave up only 6 hits. On July 8, 2008 he became the first Cubs pitcher in 31 seasons to start 10–0 at home.<mask> finished the season with 17–6 record, with 2.96 ERA and 183 strikeouts in  innings. <mask> threw sliders 32.9% of the time in 2008, more than any other NL starting pitcher. <mask> opened the Cubs 2008 postseason campaign against the Los Angeles Dodgers on September 26, 2008. <mask> accumulated a high pitch count early and, after he was unable to get outs with 0–2 counts twice, he surrendered a grand slam to James Loney and was pulled in favor of Sean Marshall. In 2008, <mask> led the majors in sacrifice hits, with 19. Following the 2008 season, <mask> re-signed with the Cubs for four years and a reported $52 million. In May 2009 MLB indicated that the Commissioner's Office would review Dempster's up-and-in pitch to Milwaukee Brewers slugger <mask>.Cubs manager Lou Piniella commented, "You've got to tie Braun up from time to time. If you don't, he's going to feast on you." After reviewing the tapes, however, Major League Baseball found no wrongdoing on <mask>'s part, and decided not to take any action against him. <mask> finished the season with a 3.65 ERA and a record of 11–9 in 31 starts. In 2010, he was 15–12 with a 3.85 ERA in 34 starts and in 2011 he was 10–14 with a 4.80 ERA in 34 starts. Texas Rangers (2012)
On July 31, 2012 <mask> was traded to Texas at the trade deadline, for minor leaguers Christian Villanueva and Kyle Hendricks. He made his Rangers debut on August 2, 2012.<mask> had a 5.09 ERA with a 7–3 record in 12 games. He pitched 69 innings and had 70 strikeouts with the Rangers. Boston Red Sox (2013)
<mask> signed a two-year contract worth $26.5 million with the Boston Red Sox after the 2012 season. He is tied for the most regular season grand slams allowed (11) with Kenny Rogers. Dempster has also allowed one in the postseason, for a grand total of 12. On August 18, 2013, in a game against the rival New York Yankees, <mask> was involved in a contentious incident with Alex Rodriguez. The first time he faced Rodriguez, he threw one pitch behind him, then subsequently, Dempster's 3–0 pitch struck Rodriguez on the left elbow pad and ricocheted off his back.Although home plate umpire Brian O'Nora warned <mask> and both dugouts, <mask> was allowed to stay in the game. Later, in the top of the 6th inning, <mask> gave up a home run to Rodriguez and the Red Sox lost the game 9-6. On August 20, MLB gave <mask> a five-game suspension (though he did not miss a start) and an undisclosed fine for hitting Rodriguez. For a couple of years following the incident, <mask> claimed he did not mean to hit Rodriguez then finally admitted in August 2016 the incident was, indeed, intentional. <mask> finished the 2013 season at 8–9 with a 4.57 ERA in 32 games (29 starts). He was part of the 25-man active roster for the postseason making 3 relief appearances and won his first championship title when the Red Sox beat the St. Louis Cardinals in the 2013 World Series. Retirement
On February 16, 2014, <mask> announced he would not pitch in 2014, stating that he wanted to spend some time with his family.The Red Sox placed <mask> on the restricted list for the 2014 season. His salary for 2014 was $13.25 million, but was never paid or granted due to his absence. On October 8, 2014, <mask> announced his retirement. On December 5, it was announced that <mask> would be taking a job in the Cubs' front office as an assistant to general manager Jed Hoyer and president of baseball operations Theo Epstein. In January 2017, <mask> indicated he would pitch for Team Canada in the 2017 World Baseball Classic. He started two games for Canada in the Classic, pitching a total of only  innings while giving up 7 earned runs. Broadcasting career
On April 22, 2014, <mask> was hired by MLB Network as a studio color analyst.In 2020, <mask> joined the newly-launched Marquee Sports Network as a studio and game analyst for Cubs telecasts. Pitching style
Dempster threw five pitches with some regularity: a four-seam fastball and two-seam fastball averaging about 90 mph, a cut fastball in the high 80s, a slider in the mid 80s, and a splitter in the low 80s. Dempster favored his slider over his splitter when throwing to right-handed hitters and often imparted an obvious, prolonged wiggle to his glove  as part of his windup, a move he claims is done in order to prevent tipping opposing batters to his pitches. Personal life
Dempster is widely known for his laid-back attitude, constantly joking with fans and teammates, and is said to be a positive contribution to a team's clubhouse. <mask>'s fun and easy-going personality was especially evident when, in comments to an Arizona newspaper in March 2007, Dempster stated that if his career as a closer began to tumble, he would pursue ninja training. In early June 2009, <mask> released a statement explaining that his daughter, <mask>, had DiGeorge Syndrome, also known as  Velo-cardio-facial syndrome (VCFS), 22q11.2 deletion syndrome, and Shprintzen syndrome (after Dr. Robert Shprintzen who identified it in 1978). About 1 baby in 1800 is born with this genetic deletion which ubiquitously affects swallowing, breathing, and speech.Dempster did this because he wanted to help raise awareness of this genetic disease. When asked if she would lead a normal life, he replied, "Yeah, she will. There can be (problems), but so far all the signs are good. There's a lot of work to do. They say there are 186 symptoms you can have. You just check off ones as you go along." After roughly 2 months in the hospital, Riley was able to go home in early June.Awards and honors
 National League All-Star (2000, 2008)
 Named one of the 99 "Good Guys" in professional sports by The Sporting News. Tip O'Neill Award (2000)
 Played in the NHL All-Star Celebrity Challenge on January 30, 2002. Was inducted into the BC sports hall of fame on May 31, 2018. See also

 List of Major League Baseball career strikeout leaders
 List of Major League Baseball single-inning strikeout leaders

References

External links

Yahoo! Sports: <mask>
Interview in The Heckler

1977 births
Living people
Baseball people from British Columbia
Boston Red Sox players
Brevard County Manatees players
Calgary Cannons players
Canadian expatriate baseball players in the United States
Canadian impressionists (entertainers)
Charleston RiverDogs players
Charlotte Knights players
Chicago Cubs announcers
Chicago Cubs players
Cincinnati Reds players
Florida Marlins players
Gulf Coast Rangers players
Hudson Valley Renegades players
Iowa Cubs players
Kane County Cougars players
Lansing Lugnuts players
Louisville Bats players
Major League Baseball broadcasters
Major League Baseball pitchers
Major League Baseball players from Canada
MLB Network personalities
National League All-Stars
People from the Sunshine Coast Regional District
Portland Sea Dogs players
Texas Rangers players
World Baseball Classic players of Canada
2017 World Baseball Classic players
21st-century Canadian comedians
Canadian Baseball Hall of Fame inductees

masks:
Ryan Scott Dempster
Dempster
Dempster
Dempster
Dempster
Dempster
Ryan Snare
Dempster
Dempster
Dempster
Dempster
Dempster
Dempster
Dempster
Dempster
Dempster
Dempster
Dempster
Ryan Braun
Dempster
Dempster
Dempster
Dempster
Dempster
Dempster
Dempster
Dempster
Dempster
Dempster
Dempster
Dempster
Dempster
Dempster
Dempster
Dempster
Dempster
Dempster
Dempster
Dempster
Dempster
Riley Dempster
Ryan Dempster


title: Desmond Patrick Costello

texts:
<mask> (31 January 1912 – 23 February 1964) was a New Zealand-born linguist, soldier, diplomat and university lecturer and professor who has been accused of being a KGB agent. Early life
<mask> was born in Auckland, the second son of what was to become a family of six children. His father Christopher had been born in Dublin in 1867 and gone to Australia, probably in 1887, where he met and married in 1905 Mary Woods, born in Melbourne in 1885. She was the daughter of Irish-born <mask> and Elizabeth Woods, whose family in County Kilkenny in Ireland <mask> later visited frequently. After they were married Christopher and Mary went to Auckland, where he became a grocer and the family lived over or behind the various shops he ran until his death in 1923. Most of these were in the middle-class suburb of Devonport, where <mask> started school at the local Catholic school. He later transferred to Ponsonby school, possibly because the scholarship he sought was available only to children at state schools.In any event he won the scholarship and went to Auckland Grammar School and passed his university entrance examination in 1927, aged only 15. From 1928 until 1931, on more scholarships, he attended the Auckland University College of the University of New Zealand, completing his BA in 1930 and MA in 1931 with first class honours in Greek and Latin. Cambridge

In 1932 <mask> was awarded a postgraduate arts scholarship and went to Cambridge, where he attended Trinity College until 1934, graduating with first class honours in the classical tripos. He was elected a scholar of Trinity and won a research studentship for a year at the British School at Athens. Already fluent in French, German, Italian, Spanish and Greek, he would later learn Gaelic, Russian and Persian. In 1935 <mask> was a senior research scholar at Trinity, and married Bella (Bil) Lerner, the London-born daughter of  a Jewish family with Ukrainian origins. They were to have five children.She was already a member of the Communist Party, and <mask> too joined while at Cambridge, probably under the influence of contemporaries such as James Klugmann and John Cornford, both prominent members of the Party and leading lights in the Cambridge University Socialist Society, where fellow-members included Kim Philby, Guy Burgess and Donald Maclean. <mask> later claimed to have resigned from the Party before the war. Exeter and the New Zealand Army

<mask> was in 1936 appointed lecturer in classics at the University College of the South West, Exeter, a position from which he was dismissed in 1940 because of his left-wing political activities and his associations with a student who had been convicted of an offence under the Official Secrets Act. He then enlisted in 2nd New Zealand Division, and in the following year he sailed for Greece with 21st Battalion and was subsequently evacuated to Crete and then Cairo. After attending an officer training school he was commissioned second lieutenant and joined the Long Range Desert Group. In 1942 he was seconded to Eighth Army GCHQ but was later transferred back to 2nd New Zealand Division as divisional intelligence officer to General Freyberg, and promoted captain. Moscow

Because of his knowledge of Russian, <mask> was seconded to the New Zealand Department of External Affairs in May 1944 and in August arrived in Moscow with the New Zealand Minister to open the new Legation.In 1945 he was recalled to the Army and as Major <mask> was one of a party sent to Poland, ostensibly to arrange the repatriation of liberated British and Commonwealth prisoners, but also to report on conditions there. While in Poland, <mask> visited and wrote a report on Majdanek concentration camp and talked to two survivors from Auschwitz. His report covered both camps. It was widely circulated in London including to other embassies and the press. Between July and October 1946 he was a member of the New Zealand delegation at the Paris Peace Conference. During his time in Moscow, <mask> got to know the Russian author Boris Pasternak, and was instrumental in getting to Pasternak's sisters in Oxford (via others at the Legation and his friend Dan Davin in Oxford) some of his famous novel Doctor Zhivago. In 1950 <mask> closed the Legation in Moscow, following a change of Government in New Zealand.<mask>'s despatches from Moscow were so well-informed and penetrating as to suggest to some critics that he had sources beyond those available to other diplomats, and he was thus a spy. There is no evidence for this suggestion beyond the standard of the reports, which are attributable to the force of <mask>'s mind and his knowledge of Russian; in any event, it would have been foolish for the Russian authorities to have given him information not otherwise available, and thus draw attention to him. New Zealand and Paris

In 1950 <mask> paid his only visit to New Zealand since he had left in 1932. While there he was arrested for public drunkenness and later informed by Alister McIntosh, then head of the Department of External Affairs, that his career there was finished and he should look for other employment. In the event he did not leave until 1955. This event occurred after his posting to Paris as First Secretary at the New Zealand Legation had been arranged, and the posting was allowed to proceed after Prime Minister Holland had reprimanded him severely. It was from <mask>'s time in Paris from 1950 to 1955 that the principal allegations of spying for the KGB arose.These are dealt with below. In 1951, following a security assessment of <mask> carried out by MI5, the Foreign Office issued a warning about him to the UK embassy in Paris, which resulted in ‘very special precautions’ being taken ‘to ensure that <mask> does not have access to important British information’, as the Foreign Office described it. Late in 1951 the then Director-General of MI5, Sir Percy Sillitoe, was in New Zealand and raised formally with both Holland and McIntosh the case of <mask>, the MI5 view of him, and the security sanctions which the UK Embassy had put in place, to the detriment of the NZ Legation's work. As noted, <mask> stayed on in Paris until 1955. Manchester

In 1955 <mask> was appointed to the chair of Russian at the University of Manchester, where he remained until his sudden death in 1964, having not long turned 52. The cause of death was shown on his death certificate as coronary thrombosis and arteriosclerosis. He was mourned by colleagues, and his best friend Dan Davin wrote an obituary for The Times.The allegations of spying

While all the allegations surfaced after <mask>'s death, he was while still alive questioned about one incident which occurred while he was in Paris. In 1961 several people were arrested in London and charged with spying; all were later convicted. Two of them were a married couple, Peter and Helen Kroger, who had been living in England for six years and who had New Zealand passports issued to them by the New Zealand Legation in Paris in May 1954. Inquiries established that their real names were Morris and Lona Cohen, who had been part of a successful KGB spy ring in the US in the 1940s. They had obtained the New Zealand passports using forged documents. As noted, <mask> had been the First Secretary at the New Zealand Legation in Paris in 1954. When questioned after the arrests, he denied any knowledge of the Krogers, and no further action was taken.As noted below, he was later accused of having issued the passports, thus in the eyes of his accusers proving that he was a Russian spy. In chronological order, the allegations are as follows. In 1981, Chapman Pincher published Their Trade is Treachery, which contained the allegation that Anthony Blunt had ‘pointed the finger’ at <mask> ‘who might have been recruited as a spy’. Pincher's source was Peter Wright, formerly of MI5, who had interrogated Blunt over many years after he had been identified as a spy. (It is worth noting in passing that another of Pincher's claims here - that <mask> was observed meeting a Soviet agent shortly before his death - is borne out by the MI5 file on <mask>, which was made public in 2017.) It also contained the allegation that <mask> ‘had signed New Zealand passports for Peter and Helen Kroger’. Inquiries later established that the passports were in fact authorised and issued by Jean McKenzie, the chargé d'affaires at the Legation, the only person there empowered to do so; but controversy continues about the role played by <mask>, based on defectors’ accounts and handwriting analysis.In 1989, <mask> [no relation] published Mask of Treachery, quoting the KGB defector Golitsin as having revealed that it was <mask> who had arranged the New Zealand passports for the Krogers in Paris in 1954. <mask> added that ‘a senior American intelligence source’ had provided confirmation that <mask> was ‘a long-term Soviet agent’. This allegation is also confirmed by the MI5 file. Golitsin's codename was "Kago", and he is referred to by that name at serial 270a on the MI5 file, a memorandum from MI5's man in Wellington to head office, dated 21 June 1963. This referred to revelations by "Kago" that evidently went beyond <mask>, to
include some of his colleagues in the New Zealand Legation in Moscow, about whom the Security Service then began ‘exhaustive inquiries’. This is entirely plausible: Alister McIntosh told the New Zealand author Michael King in 1978 that ‘Paddy of course was a terrific personality and he influenced the whole of the staff [in Moscow] except <mask>’. In 1999, Christopher Andrew and Vasili Mitrokhin [another KGB defector] published The Mitrokhin Archive: The KGB in Europe and the West, in which <mask> is identified as ‘a valuable agent’ in Paris and as one of ten ‘particularly valuable’ agents there.Mitrokhin was an archivist for the KGB for many years; disillusioned by the Communist regime, he began keeping notes of documents to which he had access, many of them to do with spies for the KGB in western countries, apart from those in Soviet Embassies. The veracity of Mitrokhin's notes has not only not been challenged, but has been repeatedly confirmed. In 2000, Michael King wrote to Prime Minister Helen Clark seeking documents about <mask> and another New Zealander suspected of spying, William Ball Sutch. Based on his 1978 interviews with Alister McIntosh, he said that ‘McIntosh believed that both men had been working for the Russians at times when they were employed by the New Zealand Government, and produced evidence to this effect’. The evidence King attributes to McIntosh has not come to light. In 2002, the NZ Security Intelligence Service in releasing material on <mask> to James McNeish said that

After the release of the MI5 file, however, the Service confirmed that it was the material on this file which was ‘the other records’ referred to here. In 2017, as noted, the MI5 file on <mask> (and his wife) was released to the UK National Archives.It showed that MI5 had obtained, in its words:"...what practically amounts to written proof that in December, 1960 Mrs Bella COSTELLO was a K.G.B. agent employed in an illegal support role"; and second "what amounts to proof that D.P. COSTELLO is also a K.G.B. agent". In another document   MI5 expressed itself as being "quite sure that COSTELLO and his wife were acting in some way as agents of the Russian Intelligence Service". More details are in Lenihan (2017). The release of the file has not resolved the controversy as to whether <mask> was a spy.Of those who have written about the file, McGibbon still considered, as he did in 2000, that ‘Final resolution of the question...still depends on revelation of records presumably lodged in the former KGB archives in Moscow’. Ricketts concluded that ‘Although the recently released MI5 files will provide ammunition for [<mask>’s] detractors, they offer little more substantive proof.’ Lenihan not only claimed that the file offers further proof of <mask> having been a spy, but made the further claim in 2017 that he was protected for many years by the head of MI5 at the time, Sir Roger Hollis. The Guardian's review of the file released in 2017 produced this comment by Alan Travis, Home Affairs editor:The MI5 files released at the National Archives ... fail to provide a conclusive answer but show that MI5 was at one stage locked in a decade-long battle with the New Zealand government over whether <mask> should be dismissed as a diplomat. During this struggle, the security services were forced to concede that their case against <mask> was 'a thin one'". Writings about <mask>

The only book-length account of <mask>'s life and the spying allegations was written by James McNeish and published in 2007 as  The Sixth Man: the Extraordinary Life of <mask>. According to the review by The Guardian, the McNeish book is a "story of a man wrongly accused of spying for the Soviets". Denis Lenihan disputed McNeish's assertions and conclusions in a 2012 article published at kiwispies.com.References

Further reading

The Conference of Paris; Report of the New Zealand Delegation... Department of External Affairs, Wellington, 1947

1912 births
1964 deaths
New Zealand academics
Linguists from New Zealand
New Zealand diplomats
20th-century New Zealand politicians
20th-century linguists
Espionage in New Zealand
New Zealand military personnel of World War II
Academics of the University of Exeter
Academics of the University of Manchester

masks:
Desmond Patrick Costello
Costello
Patrick
Paddy Costello
Costello
Costello
Costello
Costello
Costello
Costello
Costello
Costello
Costello
Costello
Costello
Costello
Costello
Costello
Costello
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title: Jozef Murgaš

texts:
<mask> (English Joseph Murgas) (17 February 1864 – 11 May 1929) was a Slovak inventor, architect, botanist, painter and Roman Catholic priest. He contributed to wireless telegraphy and helped in the development of mobile communications and the wireless transmission of information and the human voice. <mask> was nicknamed the Radio Priest and deemed a Renaissance man. Life

Europe
<mask> was born in Tajov (Tajó), Kingdom of Hungary, Austrian Empire (now Slovakia). He studied theology in Prešporok (Pressburg, present Bratislava) (1880–82), Esztergom (Ostrihom) (1882–84) and in Banská Bystrica, where he graduated in 1888. From his youth he was bright, skillful and good at painting and electrotechnology. The vice-head of the school in Esztergom allowed him to use the physics room for experiments and the Slovak painters B. Klemens and Dominik Skutecký noticed his talent for painting.After priestly ordination in 1888, <mask> worked as a curate. On Skutecký's initiative, <mask> was accepted at a painting school in Budapest, where he studied from 1889–90. He also studied painting in Munich from 1890–93. He attended both schools while working. He painted sacral pieces, Slovak landscapes and Slovak personalities. It was due to his strong patriotism he exhibited during holidays in the 1890s that he was not allowed to finish his painting studies and had to work as a curate in changing places in the Kingdom of Hungary: in Chrenovec (Nyitratormás), Slovenská Ľupča (Zólyomlipcse), Dubová (Cseres) and in Lopej (Lopér). In Lopej, he painted a large sacral picture of St. George which is still on the church altar of the village.The central altar painting of St. Elisabeth in the 14th century Church of St. Elizabeth in the main square of Banská Bystrica was by Murgaš. United States
Due to permanent conflicts with the bishop's secretary, Murgaš had to emigrate to the United States in 1896, where he was assigned a Slovak parish in the city of Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania. Having no possibility for painting, he started to deal with natural sciences again, especially electrotechnology. He established a laboratory in Wilkes-Barre, in which he primarily investigated radiotelegraphy. His article in the Tovaryšstvo magazine of 1900 shows that his radiotelegraphy studies had achieved a high level. In 1904, he received his first two US patents: the Apparatus for wireless telegraphy and The way of transmitted messages by wireless telegraphy. Further 15 patents followed between 1907 and 1916 (see below).Based on the first two patents, he created the Universal Aether Telegraph Co., which organized a public test of Murgaš's transmitting and receiving facilities in September 1905 (see below). The test was successful, but a storm destroyed the antenna masts three month later, which led to a dissolution of the company. <mask>'s primary concern in Wilkes-Barre, however, were the local Slovaks. He took care of Slovak immigrants, had a new church, library, cemetery, several schools, gymnasium and playgrounds built, all of which are still used by American Slovaks. He was also one of the founders of the Saints Cyril and Methodius community and took care of children and youth. He was very popular among religious people because of his emotional relation to them. He also published a newspaper, in which he published some popular science articles and verses.<mask> was active in the Slovak expatriates movement, wrote articles for their press, was one of the founders of the Slovak League in America, actively supported the creation of the state of Czechoslovakia, organized a money collection (a fund) of American Slovaks for the creation of Czechoslovakia (US$1,000,000) and was also a writer and a signatory of the Pittsburgh Agreement (1918) between Czechs and Slovaks on establishing Czechoslovakia. As a respected personality, he gained the trust and support of the highest authorities in the US for the establishment of Czechoslovakia. <mask> continued to study physics and to do many experiments. He financed his activities by selling his paintings. He also collected mushrooms, plants, minerals and insects. His butterfly collection comprised 9000 pieces from all over the world. When the United States entered World War I, private radiotelegraphy stations were prohibited which put an end to <mask>'s pioneer work in this field.After the creation of Czechoslovakia, he returned to Slovakia in 1920, where he taught electrotechnology at a high school but since he did not find appropriate understanding by the Ministry of Education in Prague, he returned to Wilkes-Barre four months later. He was nominated to be a member of the Federal Radio Commission of the United States in 1925. <mask> died in Wilkes-Barre four years later. Importance and primacy conflicts

The most dynamic segments in the area of communication services today are internet services, mobile telephony and convergence of voice and data process. If we go back one hundred years to history we can see that development in this area began with wireless information transmission encoded in telegraphy marks and wireless voice transmission which was made by frequency modulation. In 1905, Murgaš achieved radio transmission between Wilkes-Barre and Scranton, Pennsylvania, or a distance of 20 miles (30 km). The tone system is the use of two signals of different frequencies, i.e.Murgaš substituted the "dot" of the Morse code with a higher tone and the "dash" with a lower tone (this is the 1904 patent "The way of transmitted messages by wireless telegraphy"). Thomas Edison paid remarkable attention to Murgaš's experiments and he is said to have informed Guglielmo Marconi of Murgaš's success. <mask>'s lab in Wilkes-Barre was visited by President Theodore Roosevelt in 1905. Patents 1904 - 1916
   "Wireless-telegraph apparatus" (1904)
  	"The way of transmitted messages by wireless telegraphy" (1904)
  "Constructing Antennas for Wireless Telegraphy" (July 16, 1907). "Wave meter" (1907)
  	"Electrical transformer" [1907)
  	"Underground wireless telegraphy"
  	"Apparatus for making electromagnetic waves" (1908)
  	"Wireless telegraphy"(1909)
  	"Making of sparkles frequency from power supply without interrupter"(1909)
  	"Magnetic waves detector"(1909)
  	"Magnetic detector" (1909)
  "Apparatus for making electrical oscillations" (1911)
  "Spinning reel for fishing rod" (1912)
  Improved invention in the United States; given in England GB9726 in 1907
  "The way and apparatus for making electrical alternating current oscillations" (1916)
 Co-author of 2 inventions concerned with electrical arc lamps (1910)

Memorials and honors
In Tajov, there is <mask>'s house where he was born, a memorial room and a symbolic grave with a sepulchral monument of Murgaš at the local cemetery. <mask> Šebo, the founder of the room and monument (now a retired teacher) looks after them very carefully. The memorial room also features originals of pictures, paintings, some unique pieces from his  butterfly collection, models of inventions in wireless telegraphy and documents.One can also see there a minimodel of Murgaš's original antenna masts built by company Universal Aether Telegraph Co. in Wilkes-Barre in 1905. Further objects include:
 Rev. <mask> Murgaš Room at King's College (Pennsylvania)
Jozef Murgaš Monument in Bratislava, Slovakia – the Slovak Telecom building in the Jarošova Street
Jozef Murgaš street in Podbrezová-Lopej, Slovakia
Joseph Murgas Monument in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania
Paintings in a church in Wilkes-Barre in Pennsylvania
Paintings in the Memorial room in Tajov, in some churches in Lopej and Banská Bystrica
Murgas Amateur Radio Club of Wilkes-Barre, PA named after Fr. Murgas in 1975. Model of Murgas' transmitting station in Wilkes-Barre
Collection of butterflies (9,000 pieces) from all over the world
Liberty ship SS Joseph Murgas in the U.S. state Georgia in 1944
Jozef Murgaš Secondary School of Electrical Engineering in Banská Bystrica, Slovakia
Jozef Murgaš stamp issued by the Ministry of Transport, Communications and Public Works of the Slovak Republic in 1994 (400,000 pieces) on the occasion of the 130th birth anniversary (1864) of <mask> Murgaš. To the memory of Murgaš and to support the development of telecommunications in Slovakia, the <mask> Murgaš Award is awarded annually by the Slovak Electrotechnical Society and Ministry of Transport, Posts and Telecommunications of the Slovak Republic for:
publication of original theoretical contribution supporting development of telecommunication in Slovakia and
utilization of original or foreign theoretical contribution to development of telecommunications and telecommunication industry in Slovakia. See also
List of Roman Catholic scientist-clerics

References

External links
Jozef Murgas - The Forgotten Radio Genius
Slovak Academy of Sciences - Mathematical Institute - Jozef Murgas - The source for this article.(Slovak)
The  Murgas  System  of  Wireless  Telegraphy, Electrical World and Engineer, July 15, 1905, pages 100–101. The  Murgas  System  of  Wireless  Telegraphy by Josef Murgas, Electrical Review'', December 2, 1905, pages 849–852. Communication Technology Forum's article on Murgaš
Murgas Amateur Radio Club, Wilkes-Barre, PA
<mask> <mask> at Monoskop.org

1864 births
1929 deaths
People from Banská Bystrica District
Slovak Roman Catholic priests
Austro-Hungarian emigrants to the United States
Hungarian emigrants to the United States
People from the Kingdom of Hungary
American people of Slovak descent
People from Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania
Radio pioneers
Catholic clergy scientists
Slovak inventors
Slovak scientists

masks:
Jozef Murgaš
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Murgaš


title: Michael Caruso (musician)

texts:
<mask> is an American singer-songwriter, born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on May 23, 1954. He studied both music and theatre at the world-renowned American Academy of Dramatic Arts in Manhattan then later moved to the West Coast where he was employed as a songwriter for Homegrown Music, Geffen Music Group, Sony Music Publishing and Chrysalis Music. He performed as a solo artist and as Frontman for the band "<mask>'s Disciples". Biography
<mask>'s most well-known work Love Is was co-written with Tonio K, John Keller; recorded by Vanessa L. Williams with Brian McKnight, and was featured on the Beverly Hills 90210 Soundtrack. It was nominated for a Grammy in the best of R & B vocal category and earned <mask> a citation of achievement from BMI for garnering two million broadcast performances. It also rose to Number 1 on the Pop Music Chart and Adult Contemporary Chart in 1993. However, <mask>'s career included collaborations with many other artists and writers: co-writes with Tamara Champlin and Dennis Matkosky for Chris LeDoux's "Runaway Love" (that appeared on Billboard's Country Music's Top 40's) and Rita Coolidge's Shoo Rah.<mask>'s most recorded song was "Guns of Love" (written with Randy Sharp and John Keller) performed by Maura O'Connell, the Moffats (who performed this on "Good Morning America" on July 3, 1995, donating proceeds from their release to the families of victims of the Oklahoma City bombing), Pam Rose for her Album " Morpheus", was featured on Grammy Award Winner Kathy Mattea's Album "Roses", by Caruso on his 2011 EP "When The Devil Starts To Pray" and by Randy Sharp on his 2017 Release "Impossible Things". On "You Won't Get To Heaven Alive" by Tamara Champlin, Caruso was a background vocalist, player on several tracks, co-producer on two, and co-writes included the title track, "Purple Black and Blonde", "St Anne's Wheel" & "Tragic Black" that featured Nicky Hopkins on piano. On Will Champlin's (Finalist for 2013 The Voice) solo projects, Caruso was a co-writer on many songs from "The Goldmine Sessions", his Self Titled "Will Champlin" CD, and his EP "Killing Me With Twilight". He collaborated on Bill Champlin's (formerly of Chicago) solo album "No Place Left To Fall"; again penning the title track with Bill and Tamara Champlin and "Tuggin' on Your Sleeve" written with Bill Champlin and Will Champlin. <mask> also co-wrote with Joan Jett and Randy Cantor a cut featuring Joan Jett & the Blackhearts for the Days of Thunder (soundtrack) entitled "Long Live The Night". Later, again as a songwriter, Caruso re-teamed with Tamara Champlin & Dennis Matkosky on a collaboration for Bekka Bramlett "What's on My Mind" that charted on Music Row. In Episode 7 of the 2011 Season of Single Ladies on VH1, Lori Michael's performed the <mask> Caruso & Tamara Champlin's ballad, "Pretty When She Cries", that had previously been featured on her CD "Living My Life Out Loud" released in 2008.<mask>'s EP "When The Devil Starts To Pray"  involved co-writers and musicians Randy Sharp; Trey Bruce, Roy Braverman, Tamara Champlin, Jeff Paris, Glenn Goss, TJ McFarland, Dennis Matkosky; <mask>.Thomas, and Moon Calhoun. A film short, Sunshine Deprivation Blues featured one of the EP's songs "Tell Me What You Will" (sharing vocals with Glenn Goss). Caruso released singles "True Love's Tears" (Caruso/Sharp) in 2014, "Good When You're Gone" (Caruso/Paris/Kravitz) in 2015 "What A Day" (Caruso/Rydell) in 2016, and "Another Mile" (Caruso/Sharp) in 2017. "Good When Your Gone" became the theme song to the Rob Saul Show's Weekly Live Broadcast, repeated on the Ripped Radio Network then added to the BS Podcast Network. <mask> and Glenn Goss were part of a Charity Tribute to the Beatles in 2017 @ Beit T'Shubah in Los Angeles, Ca. that was hosted by Ruth McCartney, Angie McCartney and directed by Martin Nethercutt. <mask>'s video of his cover of Sunny Afternoon was screened at the Arpa International Film Festival on August 2, 2019 and had a second screening in 2020 at that festival as a co-writer with Eric Bazilian and Glenn Goss of "Only Love" by Manu Hvala.In 2021, Caruso's video "Born With An Accordion", a <mask>/Goss collaboration, was again part of the Arpa International Film Festival and was named audience favorite

In addition to collaborations with artists such as Lita Ford, Terri Nunn, Vixen, and <mask>, Caruso has also worked with the legendary Sammy Cahn, Eric Bazilian, Paul Williams, Dave Berg and Tom Keane. Discography
"(Only Fools) At War With Love" was <mask>'s first writer's cut on RCA Records by Artist Darcus Speed on her self-titled Album "Darcus" (Released 1977)
"I'm Better" from Jeff Paris's "Race To Paradise" for Universal Music written by <mask>/Jeff Paris (Released 1986; Re-Released 2012)
"I'll Be There(Holdin On)" from Jack Wagner's "Lighting Up the Night" was released on Qwest Records (produced by Glenn Ballard); (It was performed by Wagner on the Soap Opera, General Hospital) written by Jeff Paris/<mask> (Released: 1986); "Holdin' On" was also included on The Dells Album "One Step Closer" released in United States by Private Records and in Japan by Sony Records (1984). The Album was Re-Released in Europe by Columbia (1994).

masks:
Michael Caruso
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Michael Caruso


title: Large Professor

texts:
William Paul Mitchell (born March 21, 1972), better known by the stage name of <mask> (also Extra P. and <mask> Pro), is an American rapper and record producer. Based in New York City, he is known as a founding member of the underground hip hop group Main Source and as mentor and frequent collaborator of Nas. About.com ranked <mask> Professor at No. 13 on its Top 25 Hip-Hop Producers list. Early life and education
William Paul Mitchell was born in Harlem, New York City, New York and raised in Flushing, Queens, New York, where he attended John Bowne High School. Career

Large Professor started making his earliest beats with two turntables, a Casio SK-1 sampler, and pause-tape cassettes before his mentor Paul C taught him how to use an E-mu SP-1200. During his pause tape phase he noted that some of his techniques were different than those of other producers."I was trying to catch it from a different part of the record. I would catch it from the hi-hat when dudes were just catching it from the one kick. I would catch it from the third hi-hat and be flipping it." In 1989 he joined the group Main Source, which also included Toronto natives K-Cut and Sir Scratch. In 1990 <mask> produced three tracks for Eric B. & Rakim's Let the Rhythm Hit 'Em, including "In the Ghetto". To make "In the Ghetto", he sampled directly off of a cassette tape of sample ideas Paul C had made for Rakim.Main Source recorded one album with <mask> called Breaking Atoms, which was released in 1991. It included hits such as "Just Hangin' Out", "Looking at the Front Door", and featured Nas' first public appearance on a track called "Live at the Barbeque", along with Akinyele and Joe Fatal. Large Professor now considers "Looking at the Front Door" one of the most emotional records of his career, later saying "That's a deep record. At that time in life, I was eighteen years old. It was a kid with a pure heart, just writing, and putting his soul out there for the world." In 1992, their success allowed them to record "Fakin' the Funk", a track on the White Men Can't Jump motion-picture soundtrack. Because of business differences, <mask> and Main Source quietly parted ways and <mask> went on to sign with Geffen Records.During and after his tenure with Main Source, he worked with Pete Rock & CL Smooth, and he produced a number of tracks for Nas, Busta Rhymes, Masta Ace, The X-Ecutioners, Tragedy Khadafi, Big Daddy Kane, Mobb Deep, A Tribe Called Quest, and others during the 1990s. During this time he handled a significant amount of production on several projects for other artists. In 1993 he produced Akinyele's entire Vagina Diner album, which experienced some modest commercial success at the time of its release. Though the album did well at first, The Source later wrote an article criticizing the song "I Luh Huh", in which Akinyele considers pushing his pregnant girlfriend down the stairs as a form of abortion. The ensuing backlash for the controversial lyrics hurt the album's performance. Akinyele wrote a response in the next issue defending the song and pointing out that the violent ideas in the songs are just thoughts, and he ends the song by saying "Just cause I talk this shit don't get me wrong, Yo, I still luh hur." <mask> Professor also produced "Keep It Rollin'" on A Tribe Called Quest's Midnight Marauders not long after he left Main Source.This was a major moment in his career that helped him reach a new level of credibility and exposure as a solo artist. In 1994, <mask> produced three of the ten songs on Nas's Illmatic ("Halftime", "One Time 4 Your Mind", and "It Ain't Hard to Tell"), the most of any producer involved with the album. According to an interview with Busta Rhymes, the "Halftime" beat was originally intended for him. Though he liked the beat, he didn't end up using it and later regretted it after hearing "Halftime". While describing the making of the song in an interview <mask> said, "I mean, we just wanted to put something gritty out there to the world, and those drums—that's what it was at that time. It was that gritty, muffled out, because the Hip Hop that we grew up with… We grew up with park jam tapes and things like the fidelity of these tapes." He was so instrumental in the making of Illmatic that Nas wanted to give him an executive producer credit, but he refused.In 1996, <mask> completed his debut solo album The LP for Geffen Records. It was promoted by the singles "The Mad Scientist" and "I Juswannachill". After several delays, the album was shelved and later released as a bootleg version in 2002. An official release of the album finally came out in 2009, thirteen years after its original intended release date. In 2001, <mask> produced "You're da Man" and "Rewind" for Nas's Stillmatic album. He first played Nas the beat for "You're da Man" while Nas was working on Nastradamus a few years prior. Nas chose the beat but decided to save it for a later project.Large Professor also used the same vocal sample from the chorus on the song "The Man"  for his 1st Class album. On December 22, 2002, at a concert in Toronto, the original members of Main Source performed together for the first time in nearly 10 years. Discography

Albums
with Main Source

 1991: Breaking Atoms

Solo albums
 1996: The LP (officially released in 2009)
 2002: 1st Class
 2008: Main Source
 2012: Professor @ Large
 2015: Re:Living

Collaboration albums
1993: Vagina Diner (with Akinyele)
2014: Mega Philosophy (with Cormega)

Instrumental albums
 2006: Beatz Volume 1
 2007: Beatz Volume 2

Guest appearances
1990: "Money In The Bank" (Kool G Rap & DJ Polo album Wanted: Dead or Alive)
1993: "Keep It Rollin'" (A Tribe Called Quest album Midnight Marauders)
1994: "Stress (Remix)" (Organized Konfusion "Stress" 12")
1995: "Extra Abtract Skillz" (Mad Skillz album From Where???) 1996: "To Each His Own (Feat.

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title: Janice Atkinson

texts:
<mask> (born 31 August 1962) is a former British politician who was a Member of the European Parliament for the South East England region. She formerly represented the UK Independence Party (UKIP) and later sat as an independent: she was elected in 2014, second on the list for the region behind Nigel Farage. In March 2015, she was expelled from UKIP for "bringing the party into disrepute" after her chief of staff was recorded trying to fraudulently inflate her expenses. Political career
<mask> is a former member of the Conservative Party and ran a marketing business for two decades prior to becoming an MEP. As <mask>, she was a press officer for the Conservatives in the south-east during the 2005 general election and in the 2010 general election, she was the Conservative candidate for Batley and Spen, finishing second, 4,406 votes behind Labour incumbent Mike Wood. She was also director of Conservative Action for Electoral Reform. <mask> joined UKIP in 2011, citing David Cameron's failure to produce a referendum on European Union membership.As <mask>-Small she wrote a column for the Daily Mail. She was selected as the UKIP candidate for Folkestone and Hythe for the 2015 general election, before being expelled from the party and withdrawn as its candidate due to a 'serious financial irregularity'. On 16 June 2015, it was announced that <mask> had joined the newly formed far-right group in the European Parliament, Europe of Nations and Freedom (ENF). <mask> is an associate of the American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC). <mask> did not stand in the 2019 European Parliament elections. Publications

She has written Migrant Crime Wave: The EU Cover Up Revealed, Beyond Brussels: Brexit and The New European Patriotism and What Women Want versus The gender, transgender and cultural wars of the West. <mask> is also helping make and produce Borderless by Lauren Southern.Conferences

Free speech in the Age of Censorship
In January 2019, <mask> was organising a conference on free speech in the European Parliament in Brussels. The political situation in South Africa
<mask> has been an advocate of raising awareness of the political situation and human rights violations in South Africa and organised events on the topic. Brexit
<mask> campaigned for Brexit. She asked Home Secretary, Sajid Javid to make it mandatory for the Union Jack to be displayed at ports and airports; Javid has refused the request. Media Work

On Russia Today
The Independent UK MEP appeared on Russia Today several times. In June 2018 <mask> spoke about Brexit and the implications of a no-deal scenario. In March 2018 she took part in the Russian Presidential Elections as an observer of the electoral process.In March 2017 <mask> talked about the complaint handed in by European Parliament members against Jean-Claude Juncker, President of the European Commission. In October 2016 <mask> shared her concern about Europe becoming a target for jihadists fleeing the Middle East. Controversies
During the 2014 campaign it emerged that despite <mask>'s claims – and status as a champion of state selective education – her alma mater, Blackheath Bluecoat School, is not and has never been a grammar school. It was also reported that, before she joined UKIP, <mask> was dropped from the 2011 alternative vote campaign following a meeting with undecided Conservatives in which she mentioned "her support for elements of" the British National Party's platform. A few days later <mask> swore at anti-racism campaigners. The incident followed her call for 'abusive' anti-UKIP protestors to be arrested by the police. A photo capturing the moment was widely reported and went viral on social media.<mask>, who has described towns in Kent as 'no-go areas' as a result of Eastern European immigration, has defended her position, claiming she marched as part of the Anti-Nazi League in her youth. In August 2014 she issued an apology after being recorded by a BBC News crew referring to the Thai (or Thai-born) wife of a constituent, who were both UKIP supporters, as "a ting-tong from somewhere", a term used in Thailand for people with mental health problems. The woman and her husband threatened to withdraw from UKIP membership but changed their mind after a personal apology from UKIP leader Nigel Farage. Interviewed on camera later at their home, the woman and her husband said that <mask> hadn't apologised to them and was quite belligerent. Whilst speaking of <mask>, Farage said "99% of UKIP members aren't like that and don't hold those views". <mask> apologised and explained in an interview shortly after that she never meant any malice and the unintended comment was taken out of context. In December 2014 it was revealed that <mask>, whose annual salary as an MEP was around £79,000 per year, owed more than £2,000 in unpaid child support.Her ex-husband claimed this had "caused major hardship for her son and for her family". <mask> was singled out for criticism as she had previously attacked "feckless families" who have more children than they can afford. Expenses fraud and expulsion from UKIP
On 19 March 2015 <mask> was suspended from the party following "allegations of a serious financial nature". The Sun published a secret recording in which <mask>'s chief of staff, Christine Hewitt, spoke to a staff member at a restaurant in Margate and asked them for a fraudulent invoice, inflating the bill to over three times the cost of the £950 meal. On the recording Hewett was heard to say "we overcharge them slightly, because that’s the way we repatriate it". The following day the police were reported to be investigating. On 23 March <mask> was expelled from UKIP for "bringing the party into disrepute".No legal action was taken against <mask>, but Hewitt pled guilty to fraud and was given a suspended sentence. <mask> was cleared of all allegations by the Kent Police and no further action was taken against her. Policies
In the aftermath of the Manchester Arena bombing in May 2017, <mask> called for the reintroduction of the death penalty for those convicted of terrorist crimes. On 1 March 2018 <mask> was one of three UK MEPs who voted against a motion to encourage national parliaments to ban "gay conversion therapies". In August 2018 <mask> called on Home Secretary Sajid Javid to fly the Union Jack at ports and airports; the request was refused. Personal
<mask> was previously married to Steve Small, with whom she had two sons. Small, who was granted custody of the children following their divorce, criticised <mask> in 2014 for falling behind on her child support payments.She was taken to court twice by the Child Support Agency to force her to pay what she owed. Her current husband, Simon, is a banker. In March 2019, she revealed that she had been diagnosed with cancer of the tonsils. References

External links
 Official site
 European Parliamentary profile

1962 births
Living people
Businesspeople from London
Conservative Party (UK) parliamentary candidates
Daily Mail journalists
English women in business
21st-century women MEPs for England
Independent politicians in England
Marketing women
MEPs for England 2014–2019
Politicians from London
UK Independence Party MEPs
Non-Inscrits MEPs
Europe of Nations and Freedom MEPs

masks:
Janice Ann Atkinson
Atkinson
Janice Small
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