title: Paul Westerberg

texts:
<mask> (born December 31, 1959) is an American musician, best known as the lead singer, guitarist, and songwriter for the Replacements. Following the breakup of the Replacements, <mask> launched a solo career that saw him release three albums on major record labels. Following the release of his third solo album, <mask> has been mostly releasing music that he has self-produced and recorded in his basement home studio. He has also released two albums and an EP under the pseudonym Grandpaboy. In 2017, Westerberg released songs on SoundCloud as User 964848511 and on Bandcamp as Dry Wood Garage. Career

The Replacements

In the late 1970s, <mask> was working as a janitor for U.S. Senator David Durenberger, and one day while walking home from work, he heard a band practicing Yes's "Roundabout" in a basement.He talked his way into the band by convincing the singer that the other band members — Bob Stinson, Chris Mars and Tommy Stinson — were going to fire the singer. The singer quit, and Westerberg joined the group. The band was originally called the Impediments, and they played their first gig in the basement of a church, playing to members of a nearby halfway house who did not appreciate their drunken shenanigans. They soon changed their name to the Replacements after several venues declined to advertise the band under their original name. The Replacements began performing in the Twin Cities punk scene, showcasing <mask>'s songs in a classic rock–friendly punk style. The band made three albums and an EP for local label Twin/Tone before signing to Sire Records in 1985. They made four albums for Sire, each with a different lineup.Despite the jump to Sire, the Replacements never translated their critical success into commercial sales. The band broke up in 1991. Their final album, All Shook Down, was mainly a Westerberg solo project; there were a number of guest performers and the other three members of the band (including Slim Dunlap, who had replaced Bob Stinson three years earlier to tour in support of Pleased to Meet Me), made minimal contributions. Mars left the band soon after the album was released. After touring for the album (which was critically well-received) with replacement Replacements, <mask> and bassist Tommy Stinson went their separate ways. Solo work
Westerberg's first solo releases were two songs, "Waiting for Somebody" and "Dyslexic Heart", for the soundtrack to the 1992 Cameron Crowe film Singles, for which he is also credited with composing and performing the score. The following year, Reprise Records released his first solo album, 14 Songs.During the interim between solo albums, <mask>'s songs appeared on Melrose Place ("A Star Is Bored") and Friends (his cover of Jonathan Edwards' "Sunshine" and "Stain Yer Blood") television soundtracks, in 1994 and 1995 respectively. <mask> co-wrote the song "Backlash" with Joan Jett for her 1991 album Notorious and played guitar with her on the song's video. He also recorded a duet with Jett ("Let's Do It") for the Tank Girl soundtrack (1994). In 1996, he released his second solo album, titled Eventually, which was tepidly received by critics and had modest sales. It did yield the alternative radio hit "Love Untold". <mask> parted ways with Reprise Records, and the following year chose to release songs that were more blues-influenced and less slickly produced under the name Grandpaboy. An EP and single were released by indie label Soundproof/Monolyth Records.His third album, Suicaine Gratifaction, is a piano-driven, melancholy, and highly personal work that was released on Capitol Records in 1999. The label was undergoing reorganization and the album was given minimal promotion. <mask> appeared on a fifth-season episode of The Larry Sanders Show (entitled "Larry's New Love") performing "Ain't Got Me" from Eventually. The episode first aired on February 26, 1997. <mask> also performed the song that same year on The Tonight Show hosted by Jay Leno. <mask> quit the major-label circuit for three years before staging a comeback in 2002. With new management and a new independent label, Vagrant Records, he released two records simultaneously, Stereo and Mono (Mono being released under his alter ego Grandpaboy).Stereo and Mono were recorded in Westerberg's basement studio. <mask> became increasingly prolific, releasing Dead Man Shake (as Grandpaboy), Come Feel Me Tremble, and Folker all within the next two years. <mask> contributed a cover of the Beatles' "Nowhere Man" for the 2002 soundtrack to the 2001 film I Am Sam. Additionally, "Lookin' Up in Heaven" appears on the Starbucks sampler Hear Music, Vol. 10: Reveal, "Outta My System" can be found on Hot Stove, Cool Music, Vol. 1, and the Vagrant Records sampler Another Year on the Streets, Vol. 3 features "As Far As I Know."All three compilations were released in 2004. In December 2005, <mask> reconvened with Tommy Stinson and Chris Mars to record two new songs for the Replacements' compilation titled Don't You Know Who I Think I Was?, which was released in 2006. In 2006, <mask> wrote eight original songs for the animated film Open Season. Two of the songs were covered by other artists. The track "Wild As I Wanna Be" is performed by Deathray, whereas Pete Yorn performs "I Belong (Reprise)." In addition, Tommy Stinson is featured playing bass on the songs "Love You in the Fall" and "Right to Arm Bears." The soundtrack also includes the song "Good Day" from <mask>'s solo album Eventually.After he was seen on stage playing a First Act production model guitar, <mask> collaborated with the Boston-based guitar manufacturer in September 2006 to create his signature edition PW580 with a red plaid pickguard. On July 21, 2008, <mask> released an album with 49 minutes' worth of music for 49 cents. The album, 49:00... Of Your Time/Life, was taken down from Amazon.com and TuneCore store a few weeks later. In its place, <mask> released a song titled "5:05" (a reference to the fact that 49:00 was really 43:55 long, 5:05 shorter than 49:00). From the lyrical content of "5:05," it is believed that 49:00 was recalled because of copyright issues in the ending cover medley. On August 27, 2008, <mask> released two new songs, "3oclockreep" and "Finally Here Once", on TuneCore. On September 13, 2008, another new song, "Bored of Edukation," was released as an MP3 download on Amazon.com.On December 24, 2008, <mask> released three songs; "Always in a Manger", the folk music standard "Streets of Laredo", and "D.G.T." on tunecore.com for $0.74. On September 22, 2009, <mask> released an EP titled PW & The Ghost Gloves Cat Wing Joy Boys with six songs: "Ghost on the Canvas," "Drop Them Gloves," "Good as the Cat," "Love on the Wing", "Gimmie Little Joy" and "Dangerous Boys". Following the March 2010 death of his chief musical influence Alex Chilton, <mask> wrote a eulogy for Chilton that appeared in The New York Times. In May 2010, he played "Dangerous Boys" and "Time Flies Tomorrow" standing on the visitors' dugout at Target Field for the documentary 40 Nights of Rock & Roll. <mask> appeared in the video for the title track of Glen Campbell's 2011 farewell studio recording, a cover of Ghost on the Canvas (which Westerberg wrote in 2009). In the May 24, 2013 online version of The New York Times' Measure for Measure feature, he set forth his songwriting creed, which privileges the virtues of inspiration and spontaneity over gradually developing and revising a song.In late 2015, <mask> announced that he had formed a new band called the I Don't Cares with musician Juliana Hatfield. Their debut album, Wild Stab, was released in January 2016. Personal life
<mask> was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota, the son of Mary Louise (née Philipp) and Harold ('Hal') <mask> (1918–2003), an employee of Cadillac-General Motors. He has four sisters: Anne, Julie, Agnes and Mary. He married his first wife, Lori Bizer, in 1987. After their divorce, he married former Zuzu's Petals guitarist and author Laurie Lindeen. They divorced in 2014.They have a son, Johnny (born 1998), whose voice is likely on 49:00 and "Whatever Makes You Happy" from <mask>'s solo album Suicaine Gratifaction. <mask> severely injured his fretting hand in 2006 in an accident while trying to remove candle wax with a screwdriver, leaving his ring finger on his left hand numb. The Replacements reunited in 2012, notably playing several dates at Riot Fest in 2013 and the Coachella Music Festival in 2014. The Replacements once again disbanded in 2015. <mask> resides in Edina, Minnesota, a suburb of Minneapolis. His younger sister, Mary Lucia, is a DJ at local radio station 89.3 The Current. He grew up Catholic.<mask> has had problems with alcoholism but overcame his addiction in 1990. He has since resumed drinking occasionally in moderation. Honors and awards
<mask> has been honored with two stars on the outside mural of the Minneapolis nightclub First Avenue, recognizing performers that have played sold-out shows or have otherwise demonstrated a major contribution to the culture at the iconic venue. <mask> and the Replacements each have a star on the mural, making <mask> one of the few musicians to be honored with multiple stars. Receiving a star "might be the most prestigious public honor an artist can receive in Minneapolis," according to journalist Steve Marsh. Solo discography

Studio albums
14 Songs (Sire/Reprise Records, 1993)
Eventually (Reprise Records, 1996)
Suicaine Gratifaction (EMI/Capitol, 1999)
Stereo (Vagrant Records, 2002)
Come Feel Me Tremble (Vagrant Records, 2003)
Folker (Vagrant Records, 2004)
Wild Stab with Julianna Hatfield as The I Don't Cares (Dry Wood Music, 2016)

Studio albums as Grandpaboy
Grandpaboy: Grandpaboy EP (Soundproof/Monolyth, 1997)
Grandpaboy: Mono (Vagrant Records 2002)
Grandpaboy: Dead Man Shake (Fat Possum, 2003)

Digital releases
AOL Sessions EP (AOL, 2004)
49:00... Of Your Time/Life album (Self-released, 2008)
"5:05" song (Self-released, 2008)
3oclockreep EP (Self-released, 2008)
"Bored of Edukation" song (Self-released, 2008)
D.G.T. EP (Self-released, 2008)
PW & the Ghost Gloves Cat Wing Joy Boys EP (Dry Wood Music, 2009)
four songs on Bandcamp as Dry Wood Garage (Self-released, 2017)
eight songs on SoundCloud as User 964848511 (Self-released, 2017)

Singles

DVD
Come Feel Me Tremble – Redline Entertainment/Ventura Distribution (2003)

Soundtracks and compilations
Singles: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack (1992) – "Dyslexic Heart" and "Waiting For Somebody" (Westerberg scored the soundtrack as well.)Melrose Place soundtrack (1995) – "A Star Is Bored"
Friends Soundtrack (1995) – "Sunshine" and "Stain Yer Blood"
Tank Girl soundtrack (1995) – "Let's Do It," with Joan Jett
I Am Sam soundtrack (2002) – "Nowhere Man," a Beatles cover
triplearadio.com Sampler 5 (2003) – "My Daydream"
Hear Music, Vol. 10: Reveal (Starbucks sampler, 2004) – "Lookin' Up in Heaven"
Hot Stove, Cool Music, Vol. 1 (2004) – "Outta My System"
Another Year on the Streets, Vol. 3 (Vagrant Records sampler, 2004) – "As Far As I Know"
The Wired CD: Rip. Sample. Mash. Share.(2004) – "Looking Up in Heaven"
Besterberg: The Best of <mask> (Rhino, 2005)
Open Season: Featuring the songs of <mask> (Lost Highway Records, 2006)
For New Orleans (2006) – "Old Money" (under the alias PW & The Honky Heartattax). Catch and Release (2007) – "Let the Bad Times Roll"

References

External links
The Skyway
Color Me Impressed.com – The Unofficial Replacements Database
Man Without Ties – The <mask>berg Site
<mask>.net: A bad idea whose time has come

1959 births
Living people
American people of Swedish descent
American male singer-songwriters
American rock songwriters
American rock singers
Sire Records artists
American rock guitarists
American male guitarists
Grandpaboy
Singer-songwriters from Minnesota
The Replacements (band) members
Guitarists from Minnesota
20th-century American guitarists
20th-century American male musicians

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Paul Harold Westerberg
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Robert Westerberg
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Paul Westerberg
Paul Westerberg
Paul Wester
Paul Westerberg


title: Sava Grujić

type: original

texts:
<mask> (, , 25 November 1840 – 3 November 1913) was a Serbian politician, statesman, general, army officer, and author, serving five times as Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Serbia under two different monarchs from 1887 to 1906. As an officer <mask> participated in both Serbian-Ottoman Wars (1876–77; 1877–78) which lead to Serbia's full independence from the Ottoman Empire; a military strategist he drafted the war plan before becoming Minister of War carrying out reforms of the military strengthening Serbia's national army before her victory against the Ottomans. Brave and resourceful on the battlefield, he was also a gifted diplomat, advocating the interests of his country in the courtyards of Europe, Russia, and Turkey. During his diplomatic career he was Serbia's representative to the Russian Empire, Serbian Deputy in Constantinople, Serbia's representative to Bulgaria and Serbian Deputy in Athens before serving as minister for foreign affairs. During the conflict between Russia, Turkey, and Austria, <mask> was sent as a special envoy to Constantinople to negotiate with the Turks on behalf of the Russian Empire. A skilled politician, <mask> was one of the leaders of the People's Radical Party serving as Prime Minister, Minister of Defence, Minister of Foreign Affairs several times between 1876 and 1910 in the Governments of both Karađorđević and Obrenović. As Chairman of the first radical Council of Ministers, he oversaw the introduction of a new constitution, redefining a more democratic and liberal Serbian society.He headed the Serbian delegation at the Second Peace Conference which led to the signing of the Hague Convention 1907. An honorary member of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, he wrote many books about diplomacy military organisation and war, some of them still in use today. <mask> was considered one of the builders of Yugoslavia and played an instrumental role in its creation. He was an able negotiator and diplomat and with some of his contemporaries put together ideas for the formation of a south Slav state working together with prominent liberals of his day. Early life and education
<mask> <mask> was born on 25 November 1840 in Kolari, a village in the district of Smederevo, just ten years after Serbia became a semi-independent principality after three and a half centuries of Turkish occupation. His paternal grandfather was Gruja Ilić, brother and aide-de-camp of Vule Ilić, a well-known Vojvoda (military commander) who distinguished himself at the battle of Suvobor and at the siege of Belgrade during the First Serbian Uprising. Sava's childhood was full of stories in which the best and boldest men were relentlessly carrying the guerrilla war against the nation's oppressor dreaming of freeing the Serb lands from Turkish rule once and for all.Once he finished his elementary education at the local school, an Orthodox priest and a local public official recognising <mask>'s potential, arranged for him to go to Belgrade for secondary education. Early military career

Officer cadet and lieutenant
In 1856 Grujić attended the Serbian Military Academy in Belgrade, the Academy known at that time as the Artillery School had been established only 6 years before, was the first military educational institution in Serbia, it contained a military high school, offering secondary level education, and a school of national defence, which conducted officer training, the main military subjects at the Artillery School, and later at the Military Academy, were taught by Prussian instructorship education lasted until 1861. Upon graduation, he was commissioned as second lieutenant of artillery and as top graduate entered the Kriegsakademie (also known as the Prussian War College) in Berlin to continue his military education and for the practical study of artillery; at the time the Academy was the highest military facility of the Kingdom of Prussia to educate, train, and develop general staff officers. Grujić graduated in December 1864, wanting to get a higher theoretical artillery formation, Grujić left Prussia to serve in the Imperial Russian Army, he entered service with the 23rd Artillery Brigade in St Petersburg. While serving with the 23rd Brigade, wishing to achieve a high-level specialisation, Grujić applied then was admitted at the Mikhailovsky Artillery Academy in 1865, the Academy prepared officers to become battery commanders, at the time Russian artillerists were the first in the world to develop methods of gunfire from closed fire position. At the time Russia was going through reforms in the artillery under Minister of War General-Adjutant Dmitrii Miliutin, one of the chief tasks set for the Main Artillery Administration was to organise the production of all kinds of artillery armament, ammunition, artillery instruments and other things for artillery provision. General Adjutant Aleksandr Barantsov, first Chief of the Main Artillery Administration, was responsible for the technical improvement of the artillery materiel, arrangement of artillery education and all measures in the artillery organisation.This would be a very valuable experience for <mask> when, a few years later, he would start reforming the Serbian Army. <mask> spent the last two years of his training in Russia at St. Petersburg's arsenal. <mask> returned to Serbia in 1870 after graduation, he was promoted to captain and appointed first Director of the state arsenal in Kragujevac as an expert in artillery and armaments and then later chief of artillery control. Kragujevac was Serbia's main centre for arms production and modernisation of armaments, the Kragujevac arms factory was the largest industrial establishment in the principality. Political education

Liberal nationalism and Slavic unity
In 1861 <mask> was in Prussia studying at the Military Academy when an uprising broke out in the Russian sector of partitioned Poland, the Polish uprising opposed young Polish insurrectionists to Russian occupiers, inspired by romantic and revolutionary nationalism that was sweeping across Europe at the time, <mask> <mask> travels to Poland and joins the rebellion. <mask> fought alongside fellow Serbian volunteer Jevrem Marković another graduate from the Belgrade Military Academy who had also been sent to Prussia to study (training as a cavalry officer). After the failure of the Uprising, <mask> returned to St. Petersburg and is allowed to return to his studies while Jevrem Marković returns to Belgrade

Back in Russia, <mask> participated actively in the founding of an organisation called  (Serbian commune).Dimitrije Durić, another artillery officer, was president, <mask> Grujić vice-president and Jevrem Marković older brother and notorious radical-socialist Svetozar Marković was secretary. The goal of the Commune, was stated to be "the establishment of fraternal relations among all Serbs in Russia", with a view to cooperation for the "general progress" of the Serbian people and nation. They were also inspired by Omladina (youth) a Serbian youth organisation whose members called for the formation of a Pan-Serb youth movement, a constitutional monarchy for Serbia and even a Balkan Republic. After 7 years in Russia <mask> returned to Serbia in 1871 to manage the Kragujevac arms factory; he joined a secret revolutionary society called The Main Board for Serb Liberation based in Kragujevac and founded by members of Omladina and by other patriots from all over the Yugoslav lands, the group sought the liberation and unification of Serb-inhabited territory all over the Ottoman Empire. <mask> and his group started the Associated Printing Press of Kragujevac. From Socialism to Radicalism

Under the chairmanship of Captain <mask> <mask> and the editorship of Svetozar Marković who joined them, the group started a newspaper called Javnost (The Public), Marković is the "paid and responsible" editor and the Associated Printing Press of Kragujevac the publisher. In a very short time what was being advertised as Serbia's second socialist newspaper was out discussing current political issues, a major campaign of Javnost was the fight for freedom of the press.The first issue of the newspaper appears on 8 November 1873 discussing the multitude of political and economic problems which confronted Serbia: peasant indebtedness and bankruptcy, usury, bureaucratic corruption, the strangling of the zadruga and opština by the oppressive police regime; Javnost promised to work for the elimination of such evils by "educating public opinion, giving it a scientific direction, and creating out of public opinion a force which will have a strong influence on the solution of all problems concerning our national life". Frustrated by the state of Serbian politics, Javnost published an article openly criticising the government and stating that the Serbian people "have the right to overthrow a prince with whom they were dissatisfied." As a result, in December 1873 the Minister of War Kosta Protić ordered the dismissal of Captain <mask> from the service, citing his "treacherous" association with Javnost and the Associated Printing Press of Kragujevac, Svetozar Marković is arrested, charged with defaming the prince and sentenced to nine months in jail. <mask> was temporarily retired from the service. Serbian Wars of Independence
In July 1875, peasants in Herzegovina rebelled against their Turkish landlords and rulers. The insurrection quickly spread to Bosnia and aroused belligerent sentiment in Serbia, still an autonomous principality within the Ottoman Empire. Prince Milan unable to resist the pressure, eventually decides to declare war.On 28 June 1876, the day of the Battle of Kosovo, Serbia declares war on the Ottoman Empire, at the time Serbia's armed force was an army of a militant type with outdated weapons and without proper military service, but it was, however, a regular military force, facing them the Turkish empire with over 50 million inhabitants had an experienced army equipped with modern weapons and equipment. Major <mask>'s War Plan
The War Council gathered in the early stage had to decide on a strategy and where to engage the enemy first. Two courses of action were proposed one by Major Dimitrije Djurić  and one by Major <mask> <mask>, both officers having done their training in Russia together previously. Major Dimitrije Djurić proposed that the majority of the army should be engaged towards Bosnia and Raška while <mask> suggested towards the southeast and Niš, where the Turks were expected to be concentrating the bulk of their forces. The Council meeting took place on 15 May 1876, both proposals were considered. <mask>'s proposal was chosen, based on the strategic principle that by moving swiftly into position Serbia could concentrate the bulk of her forces and move offensively against the main Turkish contingent before it had a chance to organise its troops and this way win a decisive battle. The primary objective of this plan was the total destruction of the enemy's army.To follow <mask>'s plan it was thus decided to concentrate most of the army in the Moravian region, then make use of the superior mobilisation and motivation of the Serbian army given the known slowness in mobilisation and concentration of the Turkish army, its outdated tactics and the lack of motivation of Turkish soldiers. At the request of the Serbian government, the war operational plan of Major <mask> was changed at the last moment and Instead of the offensive on the Moravian border, it was decided to launch multiple attacks on all fronts. Orders were sent to redirect troops already in motion according to the previously adopted plan. Artillery Commander

<mask> <mask> was appointed Artillery Commander serving under General Mikhail Chernyayev, a Russian who took Serbian citizenship. Leading a Serbo Russian army against the Turks, Chernyayev embodied according to historian David MacKenzie "the Panslav ideal of selfless service to Slav Christians groaning under the Ottoman yoke". <mask> recommended that  Chernyayev be retained merely in an advisory capacity and insisted of not giving him active command. twenty two year old Prince Milan, who had great faith in Chernyayev, decided instead to name Chernyayev "commander-in-chief of all Serbo-Russian forces on the eastern front".As Artillery Commander Grujić took a leading part in the battles and was instrumental in the Serbian Army's efforts and achievements throughout the War, by the end of 1876 he was promoted to the rank of Colonel. Contrary to Serbia's expectations Russia did not officially enter the war and the changes made in the operational plan, especially abandoning the <mask>'s war plan, disrupted the entire war concept of the Serbian General Staff. Chernyayev's insistence on continuing attacks on Turkish fortified positions after the failure of his opening offensive was a contributory cause of defeat. This was the main cause of the unsuccessful attacks by the Serbian army on Niš, Drina, and Ibarska. On 31 October 1876 Russia finally presents an ultimatum to the Turks and force them to conclude an armistice. Minister of War

A Professional Army
On 4 November 1876, at a critical moment for the Principality, Colonel <mask> <mask> is appointed Minister of War in the Cabinet of Stevča Mihailović;  On 24 April 1877, Russia declares war on the Ottoman Empire and on 13 December is joined by Serbia and by Montenegro, the conflict is known as the Russo-Turkish War. <mask> <mask> started to reorganise the Serbian army using the Prussian experience from the Napoleonic wars: he increased garrison troops from four to eight battalions and ordered that every one of the thirty-two companies of garrison troops became a part of one battalion of National Militia in order to augment the fighting power of the latter.In August 1877, a new army force structure was established that introduced five active and one reserve army corps instead of the earlier four corps mode. For the next two years, <mask> <mask> organised more major reforms in the army, improving her fighting capacity and giving her a new organisation, <mask> realised that it was necessary to stiffen the back of the Serbian militia, so he split the standing army, which had seen little action during the first war, into smaller units that acted as cadres for the larger units of the militia. The troops were led by capable Serbian officers who proved their heroism and tactical ability, one of them was Jevrem Marković with whom Sava had fought alongside in Poland in 1863. In 1876 King Milan had kept the standing army out of combat, fearing to commit the troops he saw primarily as protection for his dynasty, but <mask> reorganisation turned it into the backbone of a considerably improved Serbian fighting force. Congress of Berlin
By early 1878, the Royal Serbian Army had captured most of the South Morava basin, liberating Vranje and Leskovac, reaching as far as Preševo, Vitina, and the monastery of Gračanica near Priština in Kosovo, revered by romantic nationalists as the seat of the medieval Serbian Empire. The Sultan sued for peace, on 3 March 1878 a peace treaty was signed between Russia and the Ottoman Empire at San Stefano, a village west of Istanbul; Serbia became independent according to Article 3. The formal independence of Serbia from the Ottoman Empire is internationally recognised at the Congress of Berlin on 13 July 1878, however, the new treaty significantly changes the terms of the Treaty of San Stefano; Serbia's territory gain is reduced and Austria-Hungary is given a mandate to occupy and administrate Bosnia and Herzegovina.This marked the start of <mask> <mask>'s diplomatic career. Diplomatic service 1878–1887
<mask> quickly proved himself to be a versatile politician and a skilled diplomat, as such he was sent as ambassador and representative of the Serbian Kingdom around Capitals helping secure Serbia's place in Europe. A few years later he became Minister for Foreign Affairs. In 1879, as foreign relations between the Principality of Bulgaria and Serbia are established for the first time, <mask> is sent to Bulgaria as the first diplomatic representative of Serbia. From 1882 to 1884, he moved to Athens where he was posted as Serbian Minister of the new Kingdom of Serbia. A reformer named Charilaos Trikoupis, having just been elected Prime Minister, was pushing through an aggressive program of reforms to make Greece into a progressive nation, <mask> was involved into many negotiations between their respective governments and the Ottoman Porte. From 1885 to 1887 he became Serbia's representative to the Russian Empire and moved his family to Saint Petersburg.In 1887 <mask> <mask> is promoted general. As a trusted political friend of Russia, he is sent as a special envoy to Constantinople, during the conflict between Russia, Turkey, and Austria, to negotiate with the Turks on behalf of the Russian Empire. Political Career 1887–1894

People's Radical Party
After first leaning towards the liberal party, <mask> <mask> joined the People's Radical Party under the leadership of Nikola Pašić. The Radical Party was formed in 1881 and its ideological origins could be traced to the socialist program of Svetozar Marković that Grujić was familiar with from his time in Russia, especially Marković's ideas of people's state and people's sovereignty. At the time there had been no political parties in

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title: Sava Grujić

texts:
 Serbia with written programs and organisational structure, only the progressive party had been legally recognised as a political party. The program of the Radical Party was based on major democratic changes in Serbia and the liberation and union of all Serbs. The Radicals insisted on a constitutional reform which implied that all legislative power was the responsibility of the National Assembly and that the country should be organised on the principle of local self-government.By mobilising the peasantry through organising the countryside, the Radical Party was the first to understand the huge political potential of the peasants, because of that the Radicals proved to be "the most original nineteenth-century Balkan political movement"'. In January 1881, the radical newspaper called "Self-Government" () came out with the program of the party. From that moment that the Radicals diverged from the socialist ideas of Svetozar Marković, but insisted on political, rather than economic or social issues. Critical of the monarchy and inspired by French ideas of Radicalism, the Radicals demanded democracy, public liberties, and liberal reforms. In foreign policy, they were strongly Pro-Russian, anti-Austrian and Francophile, which made conflicts with pro-Austrian Prince Milan unavoidable. First Coalition government
In June 1887 for the first time in history, the People's Radical Party enters the cabinet, as one of their leader <mask> became Minister of Defence from 17 July, in a coalition government under the Presidency of the Liberal Jovan Ristić. The new government was greeted with great enthusiasm by wide masses.Slobodan Jovanović says that the capital was "overwhelmed" with local party champions who came to congratulate their ministers on coming to power. Grujić and the Radicals’ first success was the agreement they concluded with the Liberals in the spring of 1886. This agreement was motivated by two important factors: The necessity of legalising the Radical movement after the Timok rebellion affair and the chance of entering the government. This was possible only through an agreement with the opposition party of the Liberals. The Radical-Liberal agreement did not signal any ideological rapprochement between the two political groups. It rather was directed towards collaboration during the elections and, in case of electoral victory, the possibility of forming a coalition government. The major task of that coalition cabinet was to foster constitutional reform.After several months, on 19 December 1887, the Radicals formed the first purely Radical cabinet under the presidency of General <mask> <mask> but the conflict with the King soon escalated. Presidency and the Constitution of 1888
On 19 December 1887, the Radicals formed the first purely Radical cabinet under the presidency of General <mask> <mask>. The first pure radical government in the history of the Radical Party was formed on 31 December 1887. <mask> <mask> became Prime Minister and Minister of the Army, his first act was the promulgation of a new Constitution in December 1888 establishing parliamentary democracy, freedom of citizens and local self-government. Although the Constitution came as a result of the work of all three political parties, its spirit basically reflected the program of Grujić Radical Party. It was one of the most liberal constitutions in Europe of that time, establishing the basis for full democracy and opening the door for the development of an advanced political system in Serbia. It was based on the liberal Constitution of Belgium, itself a slightly modified version of the French Charte of 1830.The 1888 Constitution did not formally proclaim the sovereignty of the people, because King Milan Obrenović expressly opposed the principle, but it limited royal powers considerably and, by lowering the electoral census threshold, practically introduced universal suffrage. Endorsed by five-sixths of the Radical votes at the Great National Assembly (Velika narodna skupština), the 1888 Constitution, despite reservations of some Radical representatives, was seen as providing for a transition to a parliamentary system, which had already been demanded by the St Andrew's Day Assembly (which overthrew Prince Alexander Karađorđević) in 1858. If the failure of the Timok rebellion was the King's victory over the Radicals, then the promulgation of the new Constitution was the Radical victory over the ruler. In accordance with the agreement reached, King Milan informed the Prime Minister Colonel <mask> <mask>, in a letter dated 3 January 1888, that he had made the decision to allow free emigrants to return to the country, except for Nikola Pašić. Nikola Pašić was not even pardoned this time "because of the treacherous preparations against the fatherland and Serbian thought in the autumn of 1885." The Radical Government of <mask> Grujić envisaged the division of the army into an active (standing) and national by the proposal of the Law on Amendments to the Law on the Organization of the Army adopted on 3 April 1888. This law represented a combination of a national and standing army, with the first call still being regulated as a standing army, and the second and third calls would represent the national army However, the proposed Laws brought great resentment with King Milan, who told the Austro-Hungarian deputy Hengelmiler that "the Radical Party is working on the preparation of the revolution and that they only want to get it on time so that they could pass the Law on the formation of a national army, and on the basis of it arm the people and then start the revolution."The king was increasingly showing disappointment in the Radicals and sought a way to overthrow the Radical Government.5 When the Radical Government submitted the signed Law on Municipalities to the King, adopted in the Assembly by a large majority, he refused to sign it. <mask> <mask> reminded the King that by the agreement of December 1887, "which he had made with the radicals" the enactment of this law was included. To that, King Milan replied: "Well, sue me for the failure to complete the contract!" In such a situation, <mask> had no other option but to resign on 26 April 1888. The Constitution prescribed that the King should renounce the throne and appoint viceroys who would reign on behalf of his minor son Aleksandar. The King appointed three viceroys. The viceroys were not Radicals, but, as the Radicals were the strongest, they conferred government upon them.Soon after the document's approval by the National Assembly, the King abdicates and leave Serbia. After the abdication of King Milan, the prominent Radical leader Nikola Pašić is finally pardoned and allowed to return to Serbia. The Radical regime 1889–1892
The period from February 1889 to August 1892 was the longest period prior to 1903 in which <mask> <mask> and the Radicals were in power. During those three and a half years they were able to implement and develop a political system based on the Constitution of 1888 and on intensive legislative activity. This period of Serbian history was rightfully named "the Radical regime". <mask> <mask> serves as Prime Minister for the first two years March 1889- February 1891. According to the law on elections of representatives, passed in March 1890, the Radicals succeeded in introducing virtually general voting right without any census.It contained several important reforms that secured a democratic electoral procedure: it introduced the secret ballot, power during the elections was assigned to the president of the electoral committee, without any interference of State authorities, and a detailed penal code was introduced for cases of abuse during the elections. Two other legal documents were passed during Radical rule and shed a greater understanding of the Radical interpretation of democracy. The law on ministerial responsibility dated January 1891, gave the right of questioning to both the National Assembly and to the King. The ministerial responsibility was both political and criminal. The law on communes, enforced in November 1889, was designed to introduce the concept of local self-government as the most important political system in the country. The application of this system essentially meant the realisation of the Radical program. At the end of his mandate, <mask> <mask> is sent as the Serbian envoy to Constantinople, from 1891 to 1893 he will continue the policy led by his predecessor Stojan Novaković.During his mandate, there was a conflict between the Turkish authorities and the Patriarchate regarding the Patriarchal privileges. The authorities had tried to impose firm control upon Serbian schools, by issuing an official announcement in January 1892, in which they demanded to review the statutes of all non-Muslim schools <mask> <mask> recommended to the Serbian consul to advise people to submit applications directly to the Turkish authorities, in accordance with the Article 129 of the law on Public Education in Turkey. Political isolation
On 13 April 1893, the minor King Alexander Obrenović, while dining with members of the Regency, supported by the army and government members, declares himself legally aged and proclaims himself king. At first the Radical accept to work with the new King, and after parliamentary elections, they win the majority of seats once again. <mask> <mask> forms his third government in 1893 becoming first Minister of Defence from 4 June to 23 November 1893 then from 23 November 1893 Prime Minister, Minister of War and Acting Minister for Foreign Affairs. After old King Milan returns from exile the Radicals and the Obrenović dynasty enter again into open confrontation. Radical public meetings are banned and in May 1894 the King abolished the modern 1888 Constitution and reinstitute the one adopted in 1869.The majority of the laws passed under Radical rule are changed or suppressed, King Aleksandar opts for 'neutral' Governments – in other words, he establishes a personal regime. Diplomatic service 1897–1903

Envoy in St. Petersburg 1897–1899
During this difficult political time for the Radicals, <mask> <mask> is sent as the Serbian envoy to St. Petersburg to represent Serbia as Tsar Nicholas II of Russia begins his reign. In Serbia, on 21 June 1899 an abortive attempt on the ex-King Milan's life, an event known as the "St John's Day's Attempt", made by a young man from Bosnia is used by the government as a pretext to arrest the Party's most outspoken leaders and place them before a Court-Martial. Milan insisted on the death penalty for Pašić and Taušanović in retaliation for all past and present conflicts and clashes. Pašić agreed to accuse some of his Party comrades (Protić and Živković) of anti-dynastic attitudes and possible inspiration for the attempted assassination and, in return, his and Taušanović's lives were spared. In the end, the accused Radicals were sentenced to twenty years of hard labour, Taušanović to 10 years and Pašić to only five years in prison. These measures were accompanied by organised attacks on the Radicals.They were being fired, persecuted, and purged throughout Serbia. Envoy in Constantinople 1900–1903
One more time <mask> <mask> is sent as the Serbian envoy to Constantinople as top diplomat. In 1901, the Radical movement re-emerged in Serbian politics with the death of their arch-enemy, ex-King Milan Obrenović, once again, as many times before, the Radicals insist on constitutional reform. The 1903 May coup
The turning point in modern Serbian history came in 1903. That year was marked by the assassination of King Alexander I of Serbia, Queen Draga, her two brothers and two ministers by a group of young Serbian officers on 10 June 1903. <mask> <mask> was in Constantinople at the time, where he was a deputy at the Turkish court. This event marked the end of the Obrenović dynasty which had ruled Serbia with interruptions for more than seventy years, but more importantly, it opened the door for constitutional parliamentary democracy.In June 1903, only a month after the King's death, a new constitution, with essentially the same text as that of 1888, is passed by the Grand National Assembly. The Serbian Skupština invited Peter Karađorđević to assume the Serbian crown as Peter I of Serbia. The Serbian Radical party was not directly involved in the coup d'etat, but it was one of the groups that benefited the most from the overthrow of the Obrenovic dynasty. As the most popular political party within Serbia by far, it has been estimated that by 1903 as much as 80% of Serbia's population either supported or belonged to the Serbian Radicals, the transformation of Serbia into a parliamentary democracy meant that the Radicals would dominate the parliament and that they would continually form the government and run Serbia. Return to government

On 15 June 1903, Peter I of Serbia became the new Serbian head of state, the third son of Alexander Karadjordjević, he had been educated in France and Switzerland. A nationalistic Serb, he had fought in the Bosnian War, Peter was crowned in 1904, the new King was committed to the creation of true parliamentary government. <mask> <mask>, who had replaced Jovan Avakumović's "revolutionary" 1903 Cabinet, was offered to form a new government either with Pašić Old Radicals or with the Independent Radicals <mask> became head of the Council of State in June then, looking for the widest possible support in the National Assembly, on 4 October 1903, <mask> formed a coalition Cabinet embracing both wings of the Radical Party: the Old Radicals of Pašić and the Independent Radicals led by the younger French-oriented intellectuals.On 21 November 1903, <mask> became prime minister staying in that position until 27 November 1904. In the negotiations for a new Cabinet, in November 1904, both groups concluded that their coalition could not continue, given their differences in major issues such as floating a loan, the purchase of guns and the railway construction. From 1 March 1906 to 17 April 1906, <mask> <mask> was Prime Minister and War Minister. The Radical Party entered its Golden Age. After over twenty years of struggle, rebellion, crisis, compromise, and success, it became powerful and mature enough to dominate Serbian politics and decisively contribute to Serbia's emergence as a democratic European state. Later life and death

The Hague Peace Conference of 1907
In 1907, <mask> <mask> headed the Serbian delegation to the second Hague convention where he spent several months as President of the Serbian Council of State and Delegate Plenipotentiary. The conference sat from 15 June to 18 October 1907 and was attended by the representatives of 44 states, it was convened as a restraint on war, to reduce the amount nations spent on armaments, and to ensure ‘to all peoples the benefits of a real and lasting peace’.The Hague Conventions treaty also established the laws and customs of war in the strict sense, by defining Methods of warfare: the rules that belligerents must follow during hostilities. This branch of international law is known as the laws of war, as opposed to the one governing the right to receive relief, as defined in the Geneva Conventions that establish the protection of victims of conflict as well as the limitation of methods of warfare. Retirement and Death
In 1906 he retired from active political life but remained President of the State Council a position he kept from 1906 to 1910. October 1913 saw the end of the Balkan War against the Turks when Serbia together with Greece and Bulgaria liberated the Balkan Peninsula from the Turks. The following month, Grujić died peacefully at home on his 73rd birthday. Writings
Grujić wrote a number of military manuals and books, including  (The military organization of Serbia; 1874) and  (The foundations of the military structure of the principality of Bulgaria; 1880). One of his best known publications which was very popular at the time was the History of the Serbo-Turkish Wars of 1816–1818 in four volumes, in it he wrote about his wartime experience and his memoir is considered one of the best analyses of the wars.Personal life

Marriage and children
After his first wife Angelina died at a young age, <mask> <mask> remarried Milica Radovanović in 1867; they had four children; two sons: Captain Borislav (Boro<mask> was born in 1876, Captain Aleksandar (Alek<mask> born in 1879; and two daughters: Marija born in 1883, married to Cavalry Division General Vojin Tcholak-Antitch, Chief Inspector of Cavalry, a descendant of Čolak-Anta Simeonović and Olga, Royal Lady in Waiting to Princess Olga of Yugoslavia, married to Professor Milivoje S. Lozanić, son of Sima Lozanić. Legacy
Generala Save Grujića is a street of the western section of downtown Belgrade. Affiliations

 Honorary member, Serbian Academy of Science
 Honorary member, Russian Archaeological Institute

See also
List of prime ministers of Serbia
Grujić family (in Serbian)

References

Citations

Bibliography

External links
Biography online SASA

1840 births
1913 deaths
Politicians from Smederevo
People's Radical Party politicians
Prime Ministers of Serbia
Government ministers of Serbia
Serbian generals
Serbian diplomats
Serbian socialists
Serbian nationalists
Socialism in the Principality of Serbia
Writers from Smederevo
Defence ministers of Serbia
Foreign ministers of Serbia
Finance ministers of

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title: Murder of Michael McGurk

texts:
The murder of <mask> was an Australian contract killing. <mask>, a Scottish-born Australian businessman, was murdered by a single gunshot to his head on 3 September 2009 outside his , Sydney family home. In October 2010 five men were arrested and several charges laid; and by April 2013 four of them had been convicted and jailed in connection with the murder of McGurk. The last accused, businessman Ronald Edward "Ron" Medich, was, in April 2018, found guilty by a jury in the Supreme Court of orchestrating the murder of McGurk, and of intimidating McGurk's wife. In June 2018 Medich was sentenced to a 39-years custodial sentence, with a 30 year non-parole period. <mask>

McGurk, born Mick Rushford in 1958 in Glasgow, Scotland, was raised in the Gorbals notorious slum area by his grandmother and brothers; although some media reports claim that Rushford was raised in Edinburgh. Rushford travelled to Australia in 1993, where he began working with ECC Lighting, in inner Sydney.Whilst he was employed at ECC, Customs officers found out that Rushford had overstayed his temporary visa. Served with a deportation notice, Rushford left Australia, travelling to New Zealand, via Fiji, and returned with a new passport and new identity as <mask> McGurk, altering his birth date from 1958 to 1964. McGurk rose far above his impoverished roots, living in a $4 million home, driving a Mercedes S-Class, and taking luxury ski holidays. Described by some media agencies as an alcoholic and a heavy cocaine user, McGurk was variously reported as the director of 28 failed or deregistered companies; a standover man, fixer and debt collector; a lender of last resort; negotiator; and a property developer. Media reports claim that McGurk was involved in supplying prostitutes to high-profile people, including leading sports figures and, in the last weeks of his life, was negotiating a property deal with associates of nightclub identity John Ibrahim. Business links with Ron Medich
His main trading vehicle, Bentley Smythe and associated companies, Bentley Smythe Financial Services, Bentley Smythe Mortgage Fund No 1, and Bentley Smythe Mortgage Fund No 2, were all reportedly solvent at the time of his death. Eagle Street Finance, a wholly owned subsidiary of Brisbane-based H&G Corporate, had a registered mortgage over the assets of Bentley Smythe Mortgage Fund No 1.His sometime business partner and BRW Rich 200 member, Ron Medich had an interest in one of McGurk's companies, Business Investment Opportunities. Of the ten million shares in this company (issued at $1 each), Ron Medich Properties owned 380,000 of the shares, with the remainder owned by Celtic Sydney, a company wholly owned and controlled by McGurk. Other media reports claimed that McGurk died owing millions. McGurk was reportedly two months in arrears on the $2.4 million mortgage on his Cremorne house to the mortgagee, BankWest. In investigating the details provided at time of approving the loan, BankWest found that the information supplied by McGurk was allegedly fraudulent. The tax files and pay slips McGurk had provided to obtain the loan had been forged. Title to the house was in the name of McGurk's wife.Following revelations of the fraud, BankWest advised McGurk that, as mortgagee, it intended to sell the property. McGurk sought assistance from Medich who reportedly lent him $3.6 million to pay out BankWest. McGurk also owed Medich $10 million at the time of his death, relating to Medich's equity in Business Investment Opportunities. In an interesting twist of fate, Medich, together with Graham Richardson, a political lobbyist and former Labor federal minister, met Sam Haddad, the Director-General of NSW Planning, the day before the alleged murder of McGurk and reportedly discussed why Haddad overrode senior planning officials' recommendation that the Medich land be rezoned after a meeting with Frank Sartor, at the time the Labor NSW Minister for Planning. Reports of the financial relationship between Medich and Richardson varied, with McGurk alleging to Herald journalists that Richardson was on a retainer of $25,000 per month, whereas Medich claimed that Richardson was being paid $5,000 per month. Civil dispute between Medich and McGurk
In various media reports, it was claimed that Medich and McGurk were in dispute, including matters that were brought before the Federal Court by Medich against McGurk and his wife, and various companies associated with McGurk. These matters were heard by the Court and dismissed on 8 April 2009, due to Medich failing to disclose material facts.Costs were awarded against Medich. In another matter that is yet to be resolved, Medich and McGurks' executors are in dispute. Other business links
Prior to his death, McGurk was negotiating a property deal for Bob Ell, a BRW Rich 200 billionaire. Ell's company, Leda Holdings, had interest in Kings Cross landmark property, the Crest Hotel. Ell sought to redevelop the Crest and buy the property from Australand for $70 million. According to media reports, McGurk was negotiating on behalf of Ell and for business associates of John Ibrahim to run the downstairs bar area of the Crest in return for an investment of $10–$15 million. McGurk was working with Ell to collect rent from tenants and met disgraced former company director, Jim Byrnes.Despite initially being on opposing sides of negotiations, Byrne and McGurk would later form a friendship, and work together for Ell. Leda Holdings held a $450,000 mortgage over McGurk's city office on York Street, Sydney – which is owned by McGurk's wife. It was reported that Australand rejected the McGurk's proposal just days before his death. McGurk's company, Bentley Smythe, had previously lent up to $1 million to businessman Richard Woods. Woods was the owner of a bathhouse which was beset by leaking water problems, located on the first floor of the Crest Hotel building. Theo Baker, a Sydney telecommunications and financial software millionaire and another BRW Rich 200 member, provided McGurk with a $300,000 loan to retain his black Mercedes S-class, following repossession of the vehicle by a finance company. Baker's loan was also secured by a mortgage against a city property owned by McGurk's wife.HSBC Australia held a second mortgage over the Cremorne family home. It was reported that HSBC Australia, as mortgagee in possession, placed a property owned by McGurk, located in Orlando Avenue, Cremorne, up for mortgagee sale. At various times McGurk's business associates included Mark Burby, a Jersey businessman, who together with McGurk were allegedly planning to blackmail the Sultan of Brunei following an earlier unsuccessful attempt to sue the Sultan for reneging on a deal to buy a 400-year-old miniature Koran. According to Burby, the blackmail related to "...an ongoing private matter involving one of the Sultan's relatives". Closed or failed companies
The closed and failed companies associated with McGurk and financial position (where known) included:
Tandew – The Federal Court ordered liquidation of the company in February 2007 following an application by the Deputy Commissioner of Taxation. Debts of $1.95 million were outstanding
Australian Residential Land Company – application for voluntary deregistration lodged on 24 July 2009 by the directors, McGurk and Medich. The sole shareholder of this company is a company whose directors include Neville Wran, a former Labor Premier
Acett – Ron Medich Properties (a company controlled by Medich) made application on 15 April 2009 for Acett to be wound up; and later withdrew the application
The Australian Hotel Group – liquidators were appointed in September 2005.McGurk was not a director of this company at this point in time; serving as a director between 2001 and 2004. It was reported that in April 2008, the company has debts of $4.4 million to 24 creditors

Chilfunky
Amswell
MMG Investments
ATC Growth
Re-Educate
Thermoelectric International
Sports Management International
Australian Telecommunications Consortium
Grand Prix Swimming

Connections with the Labor Party
McGurk had also been lobbying on the sale of Currawong, a  Pittwater site owned by Unions NSW. Moses Obeid, the son of disgraced former Labor powerbroker Eddie Obeid, helped McGurk negotiate with John Robertson, then Secretary of Unions NSW. Following McGurk's death, Robertson stated that McGurk was representing Medich and that while their $30 million bid for Currawong was the highest, it was conditional on development approval. Unions NSW accepted a bid for a lesser amount, because there were no conditions attached. Richard Vereker, an associate of McGurk and aged 68 at the time of McGurk's death, was mentioned in a 2008 ICAC inquiry involving Wollongong City Council. At this Inquiry, ICAC found that eleven individuals engaged in various forms of corrupt conduct between 2004 and 2007.Vereker, a former butcher, bookmaker, and Wollongong businessman, had reportedly facilitated a meeting between McGurk and Graham Richardson that later led to McGurk attempting to exhort Medich. Vereker, a disability pensioner, was reportedly NSW Labor's second largest individual donor, with a political donation of $75,000 in the 2007 state election campaign. On 1 July 2010, Vereker, with Mark Abernethy, published a biography of McGurk, called The Fast Life and Sudden Death of <mask>. The Sydney Morning Herald also revealed links with Craig Knowles, a former NSW Planning Minister, and with Lucas Neill, a captain of the Socceroos, in McGurk's alleged role as a financial middleman for the set-up of a proposed western Sydney A-League soccer team. The registered office of Sydney Wanderers Football Club, the legal entity of the new club, was the offices of Bentley Smythe in York Street, Sydney – McGurk's place of business. The proposal to set up the new soccer club collapsed on 2 September 2009, the day before McGurk's murder. It was later revealed that McGurk was acting on behalf of Paddy Dominguez, Neil's manager and Bob Ell, a potential sponsor of the soccer club.Criminal investigations against McGurk
In early 2009, McGurk had been charged with assault and two charges of firebombing houses, one of which was that of Adam Tilley, allegedly firebombing the Point Piper home in November 2008. Tilley purchased the Wolseley Road mansion from Medich for $12.5 million in 2004. Central to the dispute between Tilley, Medich, and McGurk was an agreement for Tilley and Medich to develop land adjoining the Wolseley Road property that could potentially yield Medich $20 million (net). As the global financial crisis resulted in a dip in property market values, Medich assigned his $10 million interest in the Point Piper property to McGurk. McGurk allegedly demanded Tilley repay the maximum $20 million. McGurk commenced action in the Supreme Court when his demands were refused. Two weeks prior to his murder, the NSW Director of Public Prosecutions dropped the charges, including the alleged firebombing of another property in Queen Street, Beaconsfield, owned by the valuer Stuart Rowan.McGurk had also been charged in

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title: Murder of Michael McGurk

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 connection with an assault on Rowan after Rowan refused to provide McGurk with a valuation on a Bathurst property. Other charges that were dropped related to the alleged assault on a former employee, Will Manning with a cricket bat and further counts of arson relating to the firebombing of a former business associate's Cremorne property. Media reports claim that McGurk was involved in the alleged firebombing of a Balmoral house, owned by Justin Brown (of CB Richard Ellis); although Brown never pressed charges against McGurk. Brown was also assaulted in his office – allegedly on McGurk's instructions. Other criminal allegations against McGurk
Following McGurk's death, an unnamed criminal, aged 73, prosecuted for fraud and in custody at the time of McGurk's death, alleges that he was kidnapped and tortured by associates of McGurk because he was trying to leave a gang that was undertaking systemic and organised superannuation fraud. Apparently police were aware of the alleged fraud scheme (operating between 2003 and 2005) and grossed in excess of $2 million for McGurk; but were unable to obtain a clear link to prove McGurk was involved, despite the man making the allegations was living in a property owned by McGurk. Murder
McGurk was killed by a single gunshot to his head some time between 6:30 pm and 6:45 pm on 3 September 2009 outside his family home in Cranbrook Avenue, Cremorne.McGurk lived in the house with his wife, Kimberley, and their four children and were reportedly "...a Catholic family, a lovely family." According to friends and McGurk's priest, he was a generous man and doting father. McGurk's nine-year-old son, Luc, was with him at the time of the shooting and is reported to have been a witness to the murder. Emergency services were called to the murder scene and rendered assistance to McGurk; however he could not be saved and died at the scene of the shooting. Funeral
McGurk's life was celebrated at a public funeral held in at Mosman's Sacred Heart Catholic Church, where more than 300 people were in attendance. His children recalled a loving, benevolent family man and soccer coach. McGurk's youngest daughter Nicola, aged 11, was reported as saying:
"You are the best dad in the whole wide world and I love and still love you more than anything."A letter written by Luc for Father's Day was read to the congregation:
"I remember when we went to my first soccer gala day and you were the one on the sideline cheering me on," he wrote. His other son, Lochlan wrote:
"Thanks, dad, for all the time we have had together. I will miss you." McGurk's eldest daughter Mia, aged 12, was reported as saying to the congregation:
"He always gave to the poor and wouldn't expect anything in return. He was a great businessman. If Dad ever saw anything that needed to be fixed, he'd fix it straightaway." McGurk's father, Bob, and his brothers, Edward and Bobby, travelled from Scotland to attend the funeral.Tape revelations
Within days of McGurk's death, it was revealed that McGurk had a tape recording of a conversation with Medich, which McGurk was allegedly using to try to extort money from Medich. It was alleged that Medich was attempting to influence government officials by improper means. It was reported that Medich sought planning approval to rezone land that he owned at Badgerys Creek on the south-western fringes of Sydney. There was immense and, what some described as, sensational, media coverage about these tapes, their content, and possible ramifications. On 5 September 2009 The Sydney Morning Herald published on its front-page, "Exclusive: Secret tape blamed for killing". Directly below the banner: "It could bring down the Government." The following day Graham Richardson, a former Hawke and Keating Labor federal government minister and now political lobbyist, told Channel Nine that he had heard the tape and that the key part which apparently exposed the Labor figures was inaudible.Richardson stated that <mask> was allegedly trying to blackmail Medich for $8 million and that in about June 2009 Richardson had provided a formal statement to NSW Police. Commenting on Richardson's very public denial of the tapes containing any matter of substance, Jennifer Hewett, national affairs columnist with The Australian, wrote:
The very notion that Richardson – a man normally desperate to avoid contributing to his media profile these days – is so determined to publicly dismiss the significance of the tape should set off plenty of alarms. On 8 September 2009, NSW Police passed a copy of this tape to the Independent Commission Against Corruption (ICAC). However, the NSW Opposition called for a Parliamentary Inquiry. On 9 September 2009, a motion was carried in the Legislative Council to establish an inquiry into Badgerys Creek land dealings and planning decisions. The inquiry's Terms of Reference included inquiring into and "report on land dealings and planning decisions relating to land or interests in land held solely or jointly by Ron Medich Properties Pty Ltd and Roy Medich Properties Pty Ltd in or around Badgerys Creek", with a particular focus on roles of the Minister for Planning, other Ministers, NSW Planning, other government agencies, members of parliament, political parties and lobbyists, and to make recommendations about planning integrity. Fourteen submissions were received, including submissions from Richardson, NSW Planning (via Sam Haddad), the Property Council of Australia, and Penrith City Council.Public hearings were held on:
29 September 2009 – appearing were Haddad and other NSW Planning officials, Kristina Keneally in her capacity as Minister for Planning, and both Roy and Ron Medich;
19 October 2009 – appearing were Frank Sartor, in his capacity as a former Minister for Planning, Richardson, and Haddad and other NSW Planning officials; and
14 December 2009 – Richardson again appeared. An interim report was tabled to Parliament on 20 November 2009, and made eleven recommendations with a focus on stronger regulation of contact between planning officials, development proponents and lobbyists. The Committee also recommended tighter regulation of political donations. The second supplementary report was tabled on 25 February 2010 and only became necessary as a result of Richardson's unwillingness to respond in writing to questions submitted after his evidence at the Committee's first hearing. Meanwhile, based on information in the recording plus media reports and information provided by an inmate in a correction centre, ICAC identified thirteen matters for investigation. A public enquiry was held over five days, and commenced on 1 February 2010. Medich, Haddad, and Richardson all gave evidence at the ICAC Inquiry.The Commissioner determined that there were no findings of corrupt conduct; and was unable to substantiate any of the thirteen allegations. Arrests
On 13 October 2010, thirteen months after the murder of <mask>, homicide detectives arrested the following:
Fortunato "Lucky" Gattellari (60), a former Australian featherweight boxing champion and brother of Rocky Gattellari – charged with soliciting the murder of McGurk and being an accessory after the fact
Senad Kaminic (42), a former Bosnian soldier and business associate of Gattellari – charged with being an accessory before and after the fact
Haissam Safetli (45) – charged with murder of McGurk
Christopher Estephan (20) – charged with murder of McGurk
It was reported that four days after the murder of McGurk, police seized a number of weapons from Gattellari's home. Media reports claim that Gattellari was appointed a director to a number of companies associated with Medich in July 2009. Court documents lodged by police, allege that some time after 1 May 2009, Gattellari solicited Safetli to murder McGurk and that for more than thirteen months after the killing "did receive, harbour, maintain, and assist" Safetli. Medich, who has reportedly known Gattellari from childhood, had lent millions to Gattellari, including $4.8 million between November 2009 and October 2010 and $16 million in total, through various joint ventures. On 27 October 2010 police also arrested <mask>'s business associate Ronald Edward "Ron" Medich, and charged him with soliciting to murder McGurk. Police alleged that Medich was the mastermind of the murder plot.Police arrested Medich at his solicitor's office and it was reported that Gattellari agreed to give evidence against Medich in defence of his own conspiracy charges. It was also reported that Safetli was prepared to give evidence against Medich. Despite Medich offering to put up $1 million in surety and his younger brother Roy Medich offering $500,000 in cash, bail was refused. A few days later, Medich was charged with murder of McGurk. Much media attention was made of Medich's fall from grace, as he spent a little under two months in solitary confinement whilst in custody, before being released on conditional bail. In a 2013 committal hearing, Medich pleaded not guilty to the murder of McGurk, and pleaded not guilty to a charge of intimidation in relation to McGurk's wife. A trial date of August 2014 was set, before Justice Megan Latham.Convictions
In April 2013, 'Lucky' Gattellari was sentenced by Justice Megan Latham at the NSW Supreme Court to a maximum of 10 years. He was eligible for parole on 13 April 2018 and, after the NSW Parole Board refused parole, Gattellari lodged an appeal against the decision. Gattellari is facing further charges, together with Roger Rogerson and Glen McNamara, for allegedly attempting to extort Medich. Kaminic was sentenced to a minimum 2½ years in jail and a maximum of 4½ and was eligible for parole in November 2017. In April 2013 Estephan was sentenced by Justice <mask> to a maximum of 6 years and 5 months' jail, with a minimum non-parole period of 5 years. He was eligible for parole on 12 October 2015. In August 2013 Haissam Safetli was sentenced to 6½ years' jail for the murder of McGurk, and another six months for intimidating his widow.After a jury failed to reach a verdict in a 2017 trial, Medich was again tried before a Supreme Court jury and, on 23 April 2018, was found guilty of ordering the murder of McGurk, and of intimidating McGurk's wife. Medich had earlier plead not guilty to both charges. On 21 June 2018 in the Supreme Court, Medich was sentenced to a custodial sentence of 39 years; with a minimum non-parole period of 30 years. References

Further reading

Legal cases involving McGurk

McGurk v Ecc Lighting Ltd  Industrial Relations Commission of NSW per Hungerford J.
 per Campbell J.
 per Campbell J.
 per Allsop J.
 per Allsop J.
 per Allsop J.
 per Rares J.
 per Graham J.
 per Graham J.
 per Graham J.
 per Stone J.
 per Stone J. 1958 births
2009 deaths
Events in New South Wales
2009 in Australia
Organised crime events in Australia
Australia
2000s murders in Australia
2009 crimes in Australia
2009 murders in Oceania
Deaths by person in Australia
Australian murder victims
Male murder victims
People murdered in Sydney
Deaths by firearm in New South Wales
People murdered by Australian

masks:
McGurk
McGurk
McGurk
Geoffrey Bellew


title: Anne Stevenson

texts:
<mask> (January 3, 1933 – September 14, 2020) was an American-British poet and writer and recipient of a Lannan Literary Award. <mask> was the first daughter of <mask> and philosopher <mask> and was born in Cambridge, England, where Charles was studying philosophy. The family returned to America when she was six months old, moving to New Haven, Connecticut. She was raised in New England and was educated in Ann Arbor, Michigan, where her father was a professor of philosophy. Her father was a devoted pianist and lover of poetry and her mother wrote fiction and was a talented storyteller. <mask> learnt piano and cello and she assumed until she was 19 that she would be a professional musician. She studied music and languages, at the University of Michigan, where she began to lose her hearing; she prepared to be a writer instead.Obtaining her bachelor's degree in 1954 and graduating with honours, she returned to the UK where she lived the rest of her life. <mask> married a childhood friend but her romantic ideals dissolved and the marriage was not a success. She noted that "it took me two unhappy marriages and three children to make me reconsider my assumptions." In the 1960s she lived and wrote in Cambridge, Glasgow, Dundee and Oxford. She was writer in residence at the University of Dundee and co-founded Other Poetry (magazine) with Evangeline Patterson. In 1979, with Michael Farley, she started The Poetry Bookshop in Hay-on-Wye and in 1982 she moved to Sunderland, then Durham, where she lived with her husband Peter Lucas. As of 2011 she had six grandchildren.<mask> was the author of over a dozen volumes of poetry, of some books of essays and literary criticism, of a controversial biography of the American poet Sylvia Plath, Bitter Fame: A Life of Sylvia Plath (1989), and two critical studies of Elizabeth Bishop. <mask> used a hearing aid; several of her poems (including "Hearing with my Fingers" and "On Going Deaf") refer to her experience of deafness. Alfred Hickling at the Guardian reviewed <mask>'s work:
To arrive at a true understanding of <mask>'s poetry, you have to go deep. In fact, the Deep is a very good place to start. Jutting into the Humber estuary like a vast steel fin, the Deep is Hull's impressive new aquatic attraction – where you expect to find tropical fish rather than topical poetry – yet the first thing the visitor sees, before descending to the bottom of Europe's deepest tank, is a line by <mask>: "The sea is as near as we come to another world. "<mask> also wrote the poem "The Miracle of Camp 60". It is a description of the Italian Chapel on the Orkney Island of Lamb Holm in 1992, from the perspective of a fictive Italian ex-POW.'The miracle of Camp 60' is also used to refer directly to the Chapel in some cases. <mask> died from heart failure on September 14, 2020, at the age of 87. Awards
1955 Major Hopwood Award for Poetry
1990 Athena Alumnae Award from the University of Michigan. 1995 Cholmondeley Award
2002 inaugural winner of the Northern Rock Foundation Writer's Award
2007 Lannan Lifetime Achievement Award
2007 The Neglected Masters Award from the Poetry Foundation of America
2007 Taylor-Aiken Poet of the Year award from the University of the South in Tennessee
2008 Honorary Doctorate of Humane Letters from the University of Michigan. Books
 Living in America: Poems. Ann Arbor, MI: Generation Press, 1965. Elizabeth Bishop.New York: Twayne, 1966; London: Collins, 1967. Reversals. Middletown, CT: Wesleyan University Press, 1969. Travelling Behind Glass: Selected Poems, 1963–1973. London & New York: Oxford University Press, 1974. Correspondences:  A Family History in Letters. Middletown, CT: Wesleyan University Press, 1974; London: Oxford University Press, 1974.Cliff Walk: A Poem, with a drawing by <mask>. Richmond, Surrey:  Keepsake Press, 1977. 180 copies. Enough of Green. Oxford & New York: Oxford University Press, 1977. A Morden Tower Reading. Newcastle upon Tyne: Morden Tower, 1977.Sonnets for Five Seasons. Herefordshire: Five Seasons Press, 1979. 250 copies. Green Mountain, Black Mountain. Boston: Rowan Tree Press, 1982. Minute by Glass Minute. Oxford & New York: Oxford University Press, 1982.New Poems. Leamington Spa: Bath Place Community Arts Press, 1982. 100 copies. A Legacy. Durham: Taxus, 1983. 350 copies. Making Poetry.Oxford: Pisces Press, 1983. 200 copies. Black Grate Poems. Oxford: Inky Parrot Press, 1984. 360 copies. The Fiction-makers. Oxford & New York: Oxford University Press, 1985.Selected Poems, by Frances Bellerby, edited by <mask> London:  Enitharmon Press, 1986. Winter Time. London: Mid-Northumberland Arts Group, 1986. Selected Poems, 1956–1986. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1987. 1985 Anthology:  The Observer and Ronald Duncan Foundation International Poetry Competition, ed. with Amy Clampitt and Craig Raine.Beaworthy: Arvon Foundation, 1987. Bitter Fame:  A Life of Sylvia Plath London: Viking, 1989; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1989. The Other House. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1990. Four and a Half Dancing Men. Oxford & New York: Oxford University Press, 1993. The Gregory Anthology 1991–1993, edited by <mask> and Dannie Abse.London: Sinclair-Stevenson, 1994. The Collected Poems of <mask>, 1955–1995. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996. Five Looks at Elizabeth Bishop. London: Bellew, 1998. . Tarset: Bloodaxe Books, 2006. Between the Iceberg and the Ship: Selected Essays. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1998.Granny Scarecrow. Tarset: Bloodaxe Books, 2000. A Report from the Border: New & Rescued Poems, Bloodaxe Books, 2003,
 Poems 1955–2005. Tarset: Bloodaxe Books, 2005. A Lament For The Makers (Clutag Press, 2006)
 Stone Milk. Tarset: Bloodaxe Books, 2007. Selected Poems edited with an introduction by Andrew Motion,  Library of America, 2008
 Astonishment.Tarset: Bloodaxe Books, 2012. In the Orchard. Enitharmon Editions, 2016. About Poems and how poems are not about: Newcastle/Bloodaxe Poetry Lectures. Hexham: Bloodaxe Books, 2017. Completing the Circle. Hexham: Bloodaxe Books, 2020.References

External links
Profile and poems at Poetry archive
<mask>'s website
"Rising to the Surface of Language", Poetic Mind, Gil Dekel. "Interview with <mask>", Cortland Review, November 2000

  The Hopwood Poets Revisited: Eighteen Major Award Winners;" features an original essay by <mask>, in the form of a letter to anthology editor Donald Beagle, recalling the impact and aftermath of her Hopwood "Major Poetry" Award at the University of Michigan, and featuring reflections on the role of poets and the status of poetry in academia. 1933 births
2020 deaths
American women poets
University of Michigan alumni
English women poets
21st-century American women

masks:
Anne Stevenson
Life Stevenson
Louise Destler Stevenson
Charles Stevenson
Stevenson
Stevenson
Stevenson
Stevenson
Stevenson
Anne Stevenson
Stevenson
Stevenson
Stevenson
Anne Newnham
Stevenson
Stevenson
Anne Stevenson
Anne Stevenson
Anne Stevenson
Anne Stevenson


title: John Gallucci Jr.

texts:
<mask>. is a physical therapist/athletic trainer. <mask> was the President and Founder of JAG Physical Therapy and is currently the CEO of JAG-ONE Physical Therapy, a comprehensive orthopedic physical therapy company with locations throughout New Jersey and New York. He currently serves as the Medical Coordinator for Major League Soccer where he assists in the writing and executing of the league's medical policies and procedures for over 600 professional soccer players throughout 24 MLS cities. <mask> has appeared as a medical expert on ESPN's Outside the Lines, MSG Varsity, The Star-Ledger, and many other radio and television stations, newspapers, and magazines. His charitable efforts have included a leading role in fundraisers for Saint Barnabas Health Care System, The Valerie Fund, The LaConti Child Life Fund, the Leukemia & Lymphoma Society, and the American Cancer Society. He supports more than 30 high school and college teams and athletic clubs. He currently resides in Chatham, New Jersey.Early life

<mask> was born in Brooklyn, New York and attended the Monsignor Farrell High School where he was inducted into the school's Hall of Fame in 2010. He went on to study at Long Island University in Brooklyn, New York where he graduated with his master's degree in Sports Science and Athletic Training. <mask> furthered his education at Dominican College in Orangeburg, New York where he completed his Masters and Doctorate in Physical Therapy. In 2018, <mask> was named Dominican College's Person of the Year and was the first alumnus to receive this honor. Career

After graduating from Long Island University, <mask> accepted a position as an athletic trainer at New York University, where he spent five years. During his time at NYU, <mask> developed a long-standing relationship with New York Knicks player Cal Ramsey. Through that relationship, he was offered a position working with the New York Knicks as a Medical Coordinator, where he was responsible for covering the franchise's summer youth programs under the supervision of New York Knicks Head Athletic Trainer Mike Saunders.He spent the next six years working for the franchise under the leadership of President Ernie Grunfeld and Vice President Ed Tapscott. During his time with the Knicks, <mask> gained valuable experience in the world of NBA basketball, working with <mask>, Allan Houston, Anthony Mason, Greg Anthony, Herb Williams, and Anthony Bonner, and others. <mask>'s experience in the National Basketball Association made him a shoo-in at Columbia University as an athletic trainer for their basketball program under current Los Angeles Clippers assistant Armond Hill, who at the time was head coach of the Ivy League school. After leaving Columbia, <mask> completed his Master's and Doctorate in Physical Therapy and began to serve as Head Athletic Trainer/Physical Therapist for many organizations including the New York Red Bulls, the Prudential Center, New Jersey Storm Lacrosse, New Jersey Pride Lacrosse, and New York Athletic Club Wrestling. At the Red Bulls, he worked hand in hand with United States Men's National Soccer Team Coach Bob Bradley to keep players such as Tim Howard, Tab Ramos, Tony Meola, Michael Bradley, Clint Mathis, Daniel Hernandez and <mask>c on the field and at the top of their game. He assists with medical coordination at New Jersey's entertainment venue, Prudential Center, where he has overseen care of Britney Spears, the Spice Girls, The Black Eyed Peas, Katy Perry, Usher, Keith Urban, Taylor Swift, R. Kelly, and Cirque du Soleil, making him a resource for the Northeast Corridor as the "Rock Doc". Along with his work in sports and entertainment, <mask> has consulted on injury prevention for major corporations such as UPS, Continental Airlines, Delta, and Calandra Enterprises.He also stints as a Director at the Saint Barnabas Medical Center, currently known as Barnabas Health. <mask>'s experiences have led him around the world treating a variety of patients and athletes, as well as some of the United States' wealthiest people, sitting on the Forbes list of billionaires and the Forbes 400. <mask> currently serves as the Medical Coordinator of Major League Soccer, a professional soccer league based in the United States and sanctioned by the United States Soccer Federation (U.S. Soccer). The league comprises 24 teams, 21 in the U.S., and three in Canada. MLS represents the top tier of the American and Canadian soccer pyramids, featuring world-renowned superstars David Beckham, Landon Donovan, Thierry Henry, and Rafael Márquez. <mask>'s experience and knowledge assists in the writing and executing of the league's medical policies and procedures for over 600 professional athletes throughout the 24 MLS cities. He has also consulted with Soccer United Marketing and CONCACAF to coordinate medical care for venues all over the United States, Canada, and parts of South America.spelling assists in the organization of the MLS Medical Meeting and the MLS College Combine as well as coordinates the care for the MLS Championships and the league's All Star Game. In 2014, <mask> Jr. wrote his first book, Soccer Injury Prevention and Treatment: A Guide to Optimal Performance for Players, Parents, and Coaches. The book is a comprehensive, illustrated guide to the best training, strengthening, stretching, nutrition, and hydration regimes to keep players safe and on the field. His second book, titled "Play Ball: Don’t Let Injuries Sideline You This Season" co-authored with the New York Yankees head team physician Dr. Christopher Ahmad was released on May 1, 2018. Founding of JAG Physical Therapy

<mask>'s passion for treating and helping patients led him to build JAG Physical Therapy, a comprehensive orthopedic and sports physical therapy practice providing care for Workers' Compensation cases, Medicare patients, and general orthopedic and soft tissue injuries. <mask>'s education and years of experience in the medical and sport medicine realm have provided a foundation for JAG Physical Therapy's expertise in patient care. JAG Physical Therapy features eighteen  state-of-the-art rehabilitation facilities located in Cedar Knolls, Hackensack, Warren, Union, Woodbridge, Princeton, Old Bridge, Fairfield, Holmdel, Chatham, Brick, Wayne, Jersey City and West Orange, New Jersey and New York City, Hawthorne, Sleepy Hollow and Yonkers, New York.The staff at JAG Physical Therapy pride themselves on providing top-notch orthopedic rehabilitation services for patients of all ages. Some services include Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Cybex Fitness and Rehabilitation Equipment, Nutritional Consultation, Massage Therapy, Individual Post-Rehab Programs, Return to Sport Programs, Back School, Prevention of Injury Programs, and Lower Extremity Strengthening System. At JAG, the motto is "treat people how you would want to be treated" and the staff at JAG Physical Therapy remain dedicated to the goals of their patients and the goals in which they set for themselves. The reputation of JAG Physical Therapy has made it a leader in outpatient physical therapy care, attracting a wide range of clients which include police, firemen, prestigious business owners, politicians, professional athletes such as baseball legend Yogi Berra and NHL superstars Zach Parise, Dainius Zubrus, Jay Pandolfo, and Matt Taormina, in addition to people from all walks of life. JAG Physical Therapy offers athletic training services throughout the New York/Tri-state Area for a variety of major athletic clubs, schools, and organizations. Athletic trainers have been provided to the prestigious New York Athletic Club, NJSA, Parsippany Soccer Club, the Catholic High School Athletic Association, TSF Academy, Lifetime Fitness and PDA. Press

He has been featured on ESPN's Award Winning " Outside the Lines " along with appearances on MSG Varsity, NY1, News 12 New Jersey, and the MLS Network to name a few.<mask> currently serves as an expert on MedHelp. org's Physical Therapy forum and is a public speaker. Charitable contributions

<mask> has assisted in raising hundreds of thousands of dollars for a number of different charities and organizations. <mask> is a supporter of The Valerie Fund, The Barnabas Foundation, The Matthew J. Morahan III Memorial Health Assessment Center for Athletes, the Leukemia & Lymphoma Society, The LaConti Child Life Fund, The ALS Association, The Janet Fund, and the American Cancer Society. <mask>, along with the entire JAG Physical Therapy staff, spearhead the Valerie Fund Walk & JAG Physical Therapy 5K Run to provide support for the comprehensive health care of children with cancer and blood disorders. The Valerie Fund Children's Centers comprise the largest network of healthcare facilities for children with cancer and blood disorders in New Jersey, and one of the largest in the nation. Since its inception, the walk has raised over 1.5 million dollars and continues to grow each year.Soccer Injury Prevention and Treatment

Soccery Injury Prevention and Treatment: A Guide to Optimal Performance for Players, Parents, and Coaches is <mask> Jr.'s first book. Written by <mask>, including a foreword by Tab Ramos former National Team/MLS player and Youth National Team Coach, the book is a guide for student athletes, weekend warriors, and professional players alike. The book includes several topics on how to prevent injuries which includes but not limited to: treating more than thirty common soccer injuries, identifying a concussion and knowing when it is safe to return to play, understanding and preventing injuries prevalent in young athletes, creating a nutrition plan for energy and strength, and building endurance, flexibility, and power while protecting your body from harm. The book has received positive reviews: Don Garber, Commissioner of Major League Soccer stated, "An important resource for soccer players of all ages and abilities," Tony Meola, US Soccer Hall of Fame goalkeeper said, "As a former athlete, coach, and a parent, this book is a must read! ", and Larry Lemak, Medical Director of Major League Soccer said, "An excellent book! Gives readers a wealth of information about common soccer injuries and more importantly, proactive preventive measures." The book is currently available on both Amazon, and Barnes & Noble.Testimonials

"<mask> and the staff at JAG Physical Therapy are so thorough and encouraging. I have made great progress in my recovery because of the therapists at JAG. Thanks for everything." Zach Parise, NHL Hockey Player

"JAG Physical Therapy is the best. You never want to get hurt, but these guys do a great job getting athletes back on the ice or the field as quickly as possible. It's a very upbeat, motivating environment." Matt Taormina, NHL Hockey Player

"It ain't over 'til it's over, and for me it ain't over yet.I still love to play golf, and my back was so tight I couldn't swing a club. After a month with <mask>, I was able to play 18 holes six days in a row. I may be 82, but I still want to play, and JAG Physical Therapy got me back on the course." Yogi Berra, Major League Baseball Legend

"JAG Physical Therapy is a group of professionals who are dedicated and committed to the goals of their patients but also with the goals which they set for themselves. The owner, Giovanni (<mask>) <mask>, is determined to produce outstanding therapists and trainers. He is also committed to providing superior level of care." Armond Hill, Assistant Coach, Boston Celtics, Former NBA Player, Atlanta Hawks

"<mask> and JAG PT have done a tremendous job keeping me on the field throughout my career with the United States National Soccer Team, the MetroStars, and now with the New Jersey Ironmen indoor soccer team.I have also trusted <mask> to treat members of my immediate family, including my mom, Mrs. Meola. JAG is second to none." Tony Meola, All-Pro Soccer Goalkeeper

"<mask> is truly outstanding at what he does. Trainers are always on the hot seat to get a player back into the game and <mask> is great at expediting that process, but preventing injuries is equally as important and he always helped us take the field stretched, strong, and ready to play. I have high regard for <mask>'s ability and character and wish him luck with JAG Physical Therapy." Tab Ramos, Former Professional and Olympic Soccer Star

References

External links
 JAG Physical Therapy website
 JAG Pediatric Therapy website

1967 births
Living people
People from Brooklyn
American sports coaches
Sports coaches from New York (state)

masks:
John Gallucci Jr
John
John
Gallucci
John
John
Gallucci
Gallucci
Gallucci
John Starks
Gallucci
Gallucci
John Wolynie
Gallucci
Gallucci
Gallucci
John
John Gallucci
Gallucci
John
Gallucci
Gallucci
John
John
John Gallucci
Gallucci
John Gallucci
John Gallucci
John
Anthony Gallucci
John Gallucci
John
John Gallucci
John
John


title: Richard E. Ellsworth

texts:
Brigadier General <mask> (July 18, 1911 – March 18, 1953) was a United States Air Force commander during the early part of the Cold War. Ellsworth Air Force Base near Rapid City, South Dakota, is named in his honor. Early life
Born in Erie, Pennsylvania, <mask> joined the Pennsylvania National Guard in 1929. In 1931 he was accepted into the U.S. Military Academy (West Point) and after graduation in June 1935, he underwent pilot training as a second lieutenant at Randolph and Kelly fields in San Antonio, Texas. <mask> was assigned to squadron duties in October 1936 at Mitchel Field on Long Island in New York. The army promoted him to first lieutenant in June 1938 and transferred him back to Kelly Field and later to the Sacramento Air Depot in California. He spent time studying meteorology at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, graduating with a master's degree.He received promotion to captain in October 1940, and by December 1941, <mask> was a major and by February 1942 a lieutenant colonel. World War II
In the spring of 1942, <mask> was reassigned to transport pilot duty in Alaska. Later that year, he was sent to study weather-related phenomena in the South Pacific, where he was promoted to full colonel in December. Beginning in July 1943, as commander of the Tenth Weather Region, he flew more than 400 combat missions in the China-Burma-India Theater, logging a total of 780 hours for the 10th and 14th Air Forces. For his heroics, he received battle stars for eight different campaigns, and further distinguished himself earning the Legion of Merit, two Distinguished Flying Crosses, three Air Medals, and even the Chinese Air Force Wings. Cold War
After the war, <mask> returned stateside for reassignment as Chief of Operations and Training for the Air Weather Service in Washington. He later commanded the 308th Reconnaissance Group at Morrison Field, Florida as well as the Fairfield-Suisun Air Force Base in California.In July 1950, <mask> graduated from the Air War College at Maxwell Air Force Base in Alabama and was reassigned Chief of Plans for the 2nd Air Force at Barksdale Air Force Base, Louisiana. Colonel <mask> was assigned as the wing commander 28th Strategic Reconnaissance Wing at Rapid City Air Force Base in southwestern South Dakota in 1950. In September 1952, he was promoted to the rank of brigadier general. Retired squadron maintenance officers at the base remember <mask> as an unusual, hands-on commander, who would sometimes assist mechanics working late into the night in efforts to ready aircraft. In 1952, <mask> befriended Hollywood producer Herman Cohen during the filming of Battles of Chief Pontiac. The picture was shot on-location in western South Dakota, using Lakota Indians from a nearby reservation to portray the Native Americans. General <mask> allowed personnel from the base to act as extras in the film, portraying British and Hessian troops.<mask> sent out Air Force water trucks to assist the production crew. General <mask>'s three sons were allowed to visit the set and meet the actors. Death

On March 18, 1953, <mask> was co-piloting a Convair RB-36H Peacemaker bomber on a 25-hour journey as part of a simulated combat mission flying from Lajes, Azores back to the Rapid City base. As part of their exercise, the bomber's crew was observing radio silence and had switched off their radar guidance, flying via celestial navigation. They had planned to fly low over the ocean, steadily increasing to higher altitudes before reaching the mountainous countryside of Newfoundland. Late into the night, the aircraft struck bad weather and went off course, reaching Newfoundland 90 minutes earlier than planned. At 4:10 am near Burgoyne's Cove, inland from Nut Cove, Trinity Bay, Newfoundland, with sleet, fog, freezing drizzle, and visibility estimated at less than , the plane struck an  hill at  with a ground speed of .The aircraft's propellers severed the tops of pine trees while the plane's left wing hit the ground, tore off, and spilled fuel. The rest of the plane impacted some thousand feet (300 m) further. The impact and subsequent fire from the plane's fuel tanks scorched an  trench in the countryside. Loggers on a nearby hill spotted the fireball and alerted rescuers, but all 23 on board were killed on impact. That same night, a Boeing SB-29 Superfortress search and rescue plane was sent out to assist in search efforts, but crashed  west in

In the aftermath of the crash, an accident investigation board recommended new procedures to scan more frequently for approaching high terrain and to climb to safer altitudes before approaching within  of a water-land boundary. President <mask> personally went to the Rapid City base and renamed it Ellsworth Air Force Base, to honor the general

<mask>, age 41, was buried in South Dakota, at Black Hills National Cemetery near Sturgis. Crash site
The remote crash site is one of only two B-36 crash sites still remaining (the other is in Alaska).Wreckage is strewn across  of terrain, and remains today where it landed. The site is located about a forty-minute hike away from the nearest parking area. A nearby memorial features a propeller from the bomber, and a bronze plaque listing the names of the deceased crewmembers. The location of the crash site is at approximately ()

References

External links
U.S. Air Force biography
West Point Association of Graduates – <mask>, 1935
Geni.com – Brig. Gen. <mask> <mask>

1911 births
1953 deaths
People from Erie, Pennsylvania
United States Air Force generals
Recipients of the Legion of Merit
Recipients of the Distinguished Flying Cross (United States)
Recipients of the Air Medal
People from Rapid City, South Dakota
Aviators killed in aviation accidents or incidents in Canada
United States Army Air Forces pilots of World War II
United States Army Air Forces officers
United States Military Academy alumni
Accidental deaths in Newfoundland and Labrador
Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in 1953
Military personnel from Pennsylvania

masks:
Richard Elmer Ellsworth
Ellsworth
Ellsworth
Ellsworth
Ellsworth
Ellsworth
Ellsworth
Ellsworth
Ellsworth
Ellsworth
Ellsworth
Ellsworth
Ellsworth
Ellsworth
Eisenhower
Elworth
Richard Ellsworth
Richard Elmer
Ellsworth