title: Anton LaVey

texts:
 daughter Zeena Schreck and her then husband Nikolas Schreck published a nine-page "fact sheet", in which they endorsed Wright's earlier allegations and claimed that many more of LaVey's stories about his life had been false. Thought
LaVey included references to other esoteric and religious groups throughout his writings, claiming for instance that the Yezidis and Knight's Templar were carriers of a Satanic tradition that had been passed down to the twentieth-century. Scholar of Satanism Per Faxneld believed that these references were deliberately tongue-in-cheek and ironic, however he noted that many Satanists who had read LaVey's writings had taken them to be literal historical claims about the past. Although he regularly derided older esotericists, LaVey also relied upon their work; for instance making use of John Dee's Enochian system in The Satanic Bible. Faxneld therefore believed that there was a tension in LaVey's thought between his desire to establish prestigious Satanic predecessors and his desire to be seen as the founder of the first real Satanic society. Dyrendel argued that LaVey partook in conspiracy culture as he grew older, for he was greatly concerned with modern society's impact on individual agency. LaVey was conservative in his attitude to law and order, and was opposed to drug use.He supported eugenics and believed that it would be a necessity in the future. LaVey hated rock and metal music, with or without "Satanic" lyrics, and often expressed his distaste for it. Reception and legacy
Historian of Satanism Gareth J. Medway described LaVey as "A born showman", with anthropologist Jean La Fontaine describing him as "A colourful figure of considerable personal magnetism". Medway contrasted LaVey from the likes of Jim Jones, David Koresh, and Charles Manson, noting that whereas the latter were the charismatic leaders of apocalyptic communes, within the Church of Satan, "No one hung onto [LaVey's] every word, and church members [were] allowed considerable autonomy." Academic scholars of Satanism Per Faxneld and Jesper Aa. Petersen described LaVey as "the most iconic figure in the Satanic milieu", while Asbjørn Dyrendel described him as "the founder of modern Satanism". In his 2001 examination of Satanists, the sociologist James R. Lewis noted that, to his surprise, his findings "consistently pointed to the centrality of LaVey's influence on modern Satanism".As a result he "concluded that - despite his heavy dependence on prior thinkers - <mask> was directly responsible for the genesis of Satanism as a serious religious (as opposed to a purely literary) movement". His books The Satanic Bible and The Satanic Rituals have been cited as having "an influence far beyond" the Church of Satan's membership. In 1995, the religious studies scholar Graham Harvey wrote that although the Church had no organized presence in Britain, <mask>'s writings were widely accessible in British bookshops. Due to increasing visibility through his books, <mask> was the subject of numerous articles in the news media throughout the world, including popular magazines such as Look, McCall's, Newsweek, and Time, and men's magazines. He also appeared on talk shows such as The Joe Pyne Show, Donahue, and The Tonight Show, and in a feature-length documentary called Satanis in 1970. He would be credited for the mainstreaming of Satanism and witchcraft in the U.S. during the 1960s, 1970s, and after. LaVey claimed that he had been appointed consultant to the film Rosemary's Baby, which revolved around a group of fictional Satanists, and that he also had a cameo appearance in the film as the Devil, however critics have argued that none of this was true.In an article published in Rolling Stone magazine in 1991, the journalist Lawrence Wright revealed that through his own investigative work, he found that many of <mask>'s claims about his life had been untrue. Two official biographies have been written on LaVey, including The Devil's Avenger by Burton H. Wolfe, published in 1974 and The Secret Life of a Satanist by Blanche Barton, published in 1990. Politics
LaVey was a friend of James Madole, leader of the National Renaissance Party. Due to Madole's opposition to Christianity, he sought new religious ideas, and was attracted to an infusion of fascism and Satanism. In popular culture
 In Season 8 of American Horror Story (American Horror Story: Apocalypse), Episode "Return To Murder House" (2018) LaVey is portrayed by Carlo Rota. In the feature film Polanski Unauthorized, where he is shown as an advisor on Polanski's movie Rosemary's Baby, LaVey is portrayed by Tom Druilhet. LaVey-related books

Books by LaVey
 The Satanic Bible (1969) (Avon, )
 The Satanic Rituals (1972) (Avon, )
 The Satanic Witch (1989) (Feral House, )
 The Devil's Notebook (1992) (Feral House, )
 Satan Speaks!(1998) (Feral House, )
Letters from the Devil (2010) (Underworld Amusements ,  )

Books featuring writings by <mask>
 "Misanthropia", Rants and Incendiary Tracts: Voices of Desperate Illuminations 1558-present!, edited by Bob Black and Adam Parfrey (Amok Press and Loompanics Unlimited, 1989, )
 "The Invisible War", Apocalypse Culture: Expanded & revised edition, edited by Adam Parfrey (Amok Press, 1990, )
 "Foreword", Might Is Right, or The Survival of the Fittest by Ragnar Redbeard, LL.D., edited by Katja Lane (M.H.P. & Co., Ltd, 1996, )

Books about LaVey
 The Devil's Avenger: A Biography of <mask> LaVey by Burton H. Wolfe (Pyramid Books, 1974, , Out of print)
 The Black Pope by Burton H. Wolfe (a drastically revised and updated edition of The Devil's Avenger);
 The Secret Life Of A Satanist: The Authorized Biography of <mask> by Blanche Barton (Feral House, 1990, ). Popular Witchcraft: Straight from the Witch's Mouth by Jack Fritscher ; featuring <mask> (University of Wisconsin Press : Popular Press, 2004, , hardcover, , paperback)
 The 2009 play 'Debate' by Irish author Sean Ferrick features LaVey as a character. He is one of four witnesses in a case between God and The Devil, and events from both his life and after his death are used as evidence. He was portrayed by Mark O'Brien and Fiachra MacNamara
 Letters From the Devil: The Lost Writing of <mask> LaVey by <mask> Szandor LaVey, 2010, softcover, paperback
 California Infernal: Anton LaVey & Jayne Mansfield: As Portrayed by Walter Fischer, 2017, hardcover

Recordings of Anton LaVey
 The Satanic Mass, LP (Murgenstrumm Records, 1968; re-released on CD with one bonus track, "Hymn of the Satanic Empire, or The Battle Hymn of the Apocalypse", by Amarillo Records, 1994; Mephisto Media, 2001)
 Answer Me/Honolulu Baby, 7" single (Amarillo Records, 1993)
 Strange Music, 10" EP (Amarillo Records, 1994; now available through Reptilian Records)
 Satan Takes A Holiday, CD (Amarillo Records, 1995; now available through Reptilian Records)
 Anton Szandor Lavey The Devil Speaks (& Plays), LP (2017; Aberrant Records Limited)

Films starring LaVey
 Speak of the Devil: The Canon of Anton LaVey, a documentary directed by Nick Bougas. Death Scenes, a mondo film directed by Nick Bougas. Invocation of My Demon Brother, directed by Kenneth Anger.The Devil's Rain, directed by Robert Fuest. Iconoclast, directed by Larry Wessel. An American Satan, directed by Aram Garriga. Religious office succession

See also
 Satanism
 Left-hand path
 Church of Satan
 LaVeyan Satanism
 Peter H. Gilmore
 The Satanic Bible

References

Sources

External links

Writings by LaVey
 The Nine Satanic Statements
 The Eleven Satanic Rules of the Earth
 The Nine Satanic Sins
 Pentagonal Revisionism: A Five-Point Program, 1988
  The World's Most Powerful Religion
 Enochian Pronunciation Guide
 Letters From The Devil from The National Insider, Vol. 14, No. 17, April 27, 1969. On Occultism of the Past from The Cloven Hoof, September 1971 c.e., Volume Three, Number Nine.Interviews with LaVey
 Section concerning <mask> in Chapter XII (Satan in the Suburbs) of "Occult America" by John Godwin (Doubleday & Company, Inc., 1972)
 Section concerning <mask> in "Everything You Ever Wanted to Know About Sorcery, But Were Afraid to Ask" by Arlene J. Fitzgerald (Manor Books, 1973)
 "<mask>ey: America's Satanic Master of Devils, Magic, Music, and Madness" by Walt Harrington in "The Washington Post Magazine", February 23, 1986. "<mask>ey / The Church of Satan Interview" by Eugene Robinson in "The Birth of Tragedy", No. 4 "The God Issue", November 1986 - January 1987
 "Dinner with the Devil: An evening with <mask> <mask>, the High Priest of the Church of Satan" by Reverend Bob Johnson in "High Society", August 1994. "The Doctor is in......" by Shane & Amy Bugbee in "MF Magazine" #3, Summer 1997. Interview with <mask> by Michelle Carr and Elvia Lahman, originally published in the September 11, 1997 Velvet Hammer souvenir programme. About LaVey
 <mask> LaVey: A Biographical Sketch by Magus Peter H. Gilmore, on the Church of Satan's official website. <mask> by Alex Burns at disinformation.People of Significance entry for <mask>
 Short biographical sketch with particular focus on his influence on Marilyn Manson, taken from "Spin magazine" (February 1998, pg. 64). 1930 births
1997 deaths
American atheists
American eugenicists
American occult writers
American occultists
American organists
American male organists
American people of Georgian (country) descent
American people of Ukrainian descent
American LaVeyan Satanists
Church of Satan
Deaths from pulmonary edema
Founders of new religious movements
People from San Francisco
Satanist religious leaders
Tamalpais High School alumni
Writers from Chicago
Writers from San Francisco
20th-century American musicians
20th-century American writers
Science fiction fans
Critics of Christianity
Critics of the Catholic Church
20th-century American male musicians
20th-century pseudonymous

masks:
LaVey
LaVey
LaVey
LaVey
LaVey
Anton Szandor
Anton LaVey
Anton LaVey
Anton Szandor
Anton
Anton LaVey
Anton LaVey
Anton LaV
Anton LaV
Anton Szandor
LaVey
Anton LaVey
Anton Szandor
Anton Lavey
LaVey


title: Julian Price

type: original

texts:
<mask> (November 25, 1867–October 25, 1946) was an insurance executive who made his fortune in the first part of the twentieth century by developing what became the largest corporation in North Carolina at the time, the Jefferson Standard Life Insurance Company. Childhood to midlife
<mask> was born on November 25, 1867, in Richmond, Virginia. His parents were <mask> and Margaret (Hill<mask>. He was educated in the Virginia public schools. <mask> married Ethel Clay, the daughter of Henry De Bois Feuillet Clay, in Mechum River, Virginia on August 22, 1897. They had two children: Kathleen Marshall, who married Joseph McKinley Bryan, and <mask>. Adult life and career
<mask> entered the insurance field as an insurance salesman solicitor from 1905 to 1909 in Norfolk, Virginia for the Greensboro Life Insurance Company of North Carolina.He became their secretary and later agency manager of that company from 1909 until 1912. In 1912 it merged with the Security Life & Annuity Company of Greensboro and became the Jefferson Standard Life Insurance Company of Raleigh, North Carolina, named for Thomas Jefferson. <mask> was their vice president as well as their agency manager of the new organization which moved to Greensboro, North Carolina. Under <mask>'s leadership its sales increased to almost $10 million by 1919, when he was then promoted, succeeding George A. Grimsley as its president. The Board of Directors remarked The record is a success unparalleled in the history of southern life insurance companies and one beyond our most sanguine expectations. <mask> continued in that position until 1946 and thereafter was chairman of the board of directors until his death. In 1923 Jefferson Standard Life Insurance built the Jefferson Standard Building, a 17-story skyscraper.This building was the tallest building in North Carolina for several years. After the company moved into its new headquarters under the direction of <mask> and his "top-notch skills" in salesmenship it increased its sales to $300 million before the Great Depression. <mask> became one of the most respected Chief Executive Officers in the United States during the 1930s and '40s. His company was a national leader in the insurance industry. In 1987 Pilot Life Insurance Company no longer existed when Jefferson Standard Life Insurance, who had the controlling interest in it under the directorship of <mask> since 1930, merged that company into themselves. The newly formed Fortune 500 Jefferson-Pilot Life Insurance Company was then one of the nation's largest shareholder-owned life insurance companies. In 2006 it was bought out by Lincoln National Corporation.In 1919 <mask> bought the Greensboro Daily Record newspaper. In 1929 <mask> hired the New York architect Charles C. Hartmann to build Hillside in the Fisher Park neighborhood. The Fisher Park mansion would become <mask>'s private residence. <mask>'s wife, Ethal, was a practicing Catholic, and when she died he paid for the construction of Our Lady of Grace Catholic Church in her honor. Death and after
<mask> died in North Wilkesboro, North Carolina on October 25, 1946, in an automobile accident. His son took over leadership of Jefferson Standard Life Insurance Company for the next four years as its president. The insurance company that <mask> developed ultimately became a Fortune 500 company.The  of the Julian Price Memorial Park—acquired by <mask> in the 1930s and '40s for his own recreational use—is directly adjacent to the  of Moses H. Cone Memorial Park obtained by Moses H. Cone. Together, they are now the largest developed recreational areas for public use on the Blue Ridge Parkway. The man made lake within Julian Price Memorial Park is called Price Lake, and they were both developed out in <mask>'s honor for public use. <mask>'s grand-niece was married to Young M. Smith, Jr., an attorney from Hickory, NC who developed Figure Eight Island. Positions and posts
<mask> was employed by, associated with, or a member of the following:

 Member Life Insurance Association of America. Director of the Mooresville Mills of North Carolina. Member of the International Acquaintance League.Member of Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. Member of the Institute of Life Insurance Association. Member of the Masonic order (Knight Templar, Shriner). Member of the Association of Life Insurance Presidents. Member of the Greensboro Merchants and Manufacturers. Member of the Rotary Club of Greensboro, North Carolina. Member of the National Council of National Economic League.Member of the Congressional Country Club of Washington, D.C. Member of Country and Sedgefield Country Clubs of Greensboro. President of Atlantic and Yadkin Railway from 1919 until his death. Headed North Carolina state salary and wage commission 1924-28. Solicitor for American Tobacco Company from 1903 to about 1905. Southern Railway 1887-1903 as telegraph operator and ticket agent. Solicitor for Jefferson Standard Life Insurance Company 1905 - 1909.President of the Jefferson Standard Life Insurance Company from 1919. Chief Executive Officer/Director Pilot Life Insurance Company from 1919. Trustee of the North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University. Member / Director Greensboro Chamber of Commerce and City Council. Trustee for Richardson Memorial Hospital of Greensboro, North Carolina. Member of the national advisory committee of 1939 New York World's Fair. President Federal Home Loan Bank of Winston-Salem, North Carolina 1932-33.References

Bibliography

The Jefferson Standard Story, Jeffersonian, August 1982, pp. 14–17. International Directory of Company Histories, Vol. 29. St. James Press, 1999. Weidner, David, Unchartered Waters, Greensboro News & Record, March 9, 1997, p. E1. Still, John T., Jefferson-Pilot and Parsons Group Settle Litigation, PR Newswire, April 5, 1993.Marshall, Kyle, JP Reaches Outside for Next CEO, News & Observer, August 12, 1992, Bus. Sec. Greensboro's Home to Major Insurance Companies, Greensboro News & Record, September 16, 1990, p. 40. Catanoso, Justin, Insurer Continues Toward Lofty Goal, Greensboro News & Record, February 25, 1997, p. A1. Coleman, Kathleen, The Pilot at JP Communications, Business Journal-Charlotte, November 13, 1989, Sec. 1, p. 8. Fox, James F., 75 Years: 1907 to 1982; Jefferson Standard Life Insurance Company, Greensboro, N.C.: Jefferson-Pilot Corp.Dictionary of North Carolina Biography. Volume 5, P-S. Edited by William S. Powell. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 1994. Biography Index. A cumulative index to biographical material in books and magazines. Volume 1: January, 1946-July, 1949. New York: H.W.Wilson Co., 1949. Biography Index. A cumulative index to biographical material in books and magazines. Volume 2: August, 1949-August, 1952. New York: H.W. Wilson Co., 1953. External links

1867 births
1946 deaths
American chief executives
American philanthropists
19th-century American businesspeople
American corporate directors
Corporate executives
Businesspeople in insurance
American salespeople
North Carolina Democrats
Baptists from Virginia
Road incident deaths in North Carolina
Businesspeople from Richmond, Virginia
American chairpersons of corporations

masks:
Julian Price
Price
Joseph Jones Price
) Price
Price
Ralph Clay Price
Price
Price
Price
Price
Julian Price
Price
Price
Price
Price
Price
Price
Julian Price
Julian Price
Price
Price
Price
Julian Price


title: Robert Llewellyn

texts:
<mask> (born 10 March 1956) is a British actor, comedian, presenter and writer. He plays the mechanoid Kryten in the sci-fi television sitcom Red Dwarf and formerly presented the engineering gameshow Scrapheap Challenge. He has also founded and hosts a YouTube series, Fully Charged. Early life
<mask> was born in Northampton, England. Early career
Llewellyn's first foray into the world of show business started out as a hobby, organising a few amateur cabaret evenings in a riverside warehouse overlooking Tower Bridge in London. The shows were a great success and he eventually helped form an alternative comedy theatre group called The Joeys. Within six months, he had stopped working as a shoemaker and started performing professionally with the group alongside Bernie Evans, Nigel Ordish and Graham Allum.The group toured Britain and France in the early 1980s, with an initial idea of exploring sexual politics between men. Llewellyn wrote much of the material, and also began writing novels. The Joeys split in 1985, having toured for years and done thousands of performances. He co-wrote and starred in The Corner House, a 1987 sitcom for Channel 4 about a café run by gay men. Red Dwarf
Llewellyn's involvement with Red Dwarf came about as a result of his appearance at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe, performing in his one-man comedy, Mammon, Robot Born of Woman, about a robot who - as he becomes more human - begins to behave increasingly badly. This was seen by Paul Jackson, producer of Red Dwarf, and Llewellyn was invited to audition for the role of Kryten. Llewellyn joined the cast of Red Dwarf in 1989 at the start of series III and continued in the role through to the twelfth series.At Thames Con 2018, Llewellyn and his co-star Danny John-Jules announced that a new series was confirmed, and would be filmed in early 2019 and then likely broadcast a year later. Llewellyn's skills as a physical performer encouraged Rob Grant and Doug Naylor to write him additional characters for the series, namely Jim Reaper ("The Last Day"), Human Kryten ("DNA"), Bongo ("Dimension Jump") and Able ("Beyond A Joke") and the Data Doctor ("Back in the Red"). With Doug Naylor, Llewellyn co-wrote the Red Dwarf episode "Beyond A Joke" for series VII, screened in 1997. In the early days of Red Dwarf, Llewellyn would arrive to do make-up many hours before the rest of the actors; however, that changed as time progressed, as his fellow actors 'have a little bit more help in the makeup department than they used to'. In an interview with The Skeptic Zone, Llewellyn mentioned that he needs a special pair of glasses to be able to read the script with the Kryten mask on. In Red Dwarf, he worked hard to get the more technically difficult lines right because the series tried to be factually accurate in reference to scientific theories. Llewellyn was also the only British cast member of Red Dwarf to originally participate in a proposed American version, though other actors such as Craig Charles and Chris Barrie were also approached to reprise their roles.Other television work

Llewellyn has presented a number of programmes for UK television. His first outing as a presenter was on Scrapheap Challenge, produced by Channel 4; the series saw teams of engineers competing to build machines to complete a given task from materials scavenged from a scrapheap. His other presenting roles include a version of Discovery Channel's How Do They Do It? and the BBC/Open University programme Hollywood Science. In 1992, Llewellyn acted in "Parade", the fourth episode of series two of Bottom, as a wounded Falklands War veteran named Mr. N. Stiles. Llewellyn's project it2i2 was released on DVD in March 2006. Since then, he has had a YouTube video blog called "Llewtube".His book Sold Out: How I Survived a Year of Not Shopping — based on his YouTube series Making Do — was published in October 2008. In February 2009, Llewellyn featured as a guest in episode 127 of the technology-related podcast MacBreak Weekly with Leo Laporte. In 2007 Llewellyn has starred as the prime minister in an episode of the CBBC series M.I. High. He presented the 2008 Channel 5 game show Top Trumps. Llewellyn reviewed the world of science and technology in his popular Machine of the Week report. Since 2009 Llewellyn has provided the voice of news anchor Perry Flynn for PlayStation Home TV, which airs in the Home Theatre of the European version of PlayStation Home.Llewellyn has worked as a voice actor, providing the voices of the alien creatures in Skywhales (1983), the voice of Feeble for The Feeble Files (1997), Old Joe in Christmas Carol: The Movie, and the gryphon in the 2005 film MirrorMask. In the documentary Dwarfing USA (released on the DVD of Red Dwarf V), he described himself as "very much a 'don't want to do it now' kind of person". Llewellyn's web series series Carpool ran from 2009 to 2014, and spawned a television series of the same name on the television channel Dave from 2010-2011. In January 2011, Llewellyn appeared on Celebrity Mastermind answering questions on the specialist subject of electric cars; he has expressed an interest in working on a television series about technologies that we might use in the future. In 2010, Llewellyn was the narrator of the Channel 5 series The Boss is Coming to Dinner. He appeared in the 2013 movie Ashens and the Quest for the GameChild alongside Stuart Ashen and Warwick Davis, and the 2020 sequel, Ashens and the Polybius Heist. Llewellyn presented the 2015 BBC Two show The World's Busiest Railway alongside Dan Snow and Anita Rani, which later featured on Netflix under the title "Mumbai Railway".In 2019, Llewellyn was a contestant alongside Craig Charles on the BBC1 series Antiques Road Trip. Personal life
Prior to becoming a comedian, Llewellyn served an apprenticeship and became a professional shoemaker, working at James Taylor & Son and John Lobb Bootmaker in London. Speaking to Richard Herring, he said he still maintains an interest in the craft: 'There is still a side of me that wants to develop a kind of 3D printed shoe thing...where you just put your foot in a thing and you just get a shoe and it's there. And it fits absolutely exquisitely, immediately.' Llewellyn, who is of Welsh ancestry, learned to drive at age of 11 (having been taught by his older brother in a go-kart). Formerly a 'petrol-head', he is now an electric car and renewable energy advocate. As well as being frequently interviewed on the subject, he presents a YouTube series called Fully Charged.On the evening of 1 July 2009, while Llewellyn was en route to deliver Carpool footage to his editor, another vehicle hit him side-on at a junction in Gloucestershire, writing off his Prius and rendering him unconscious for around ten minutes. The force of the impact was such that it bent his laptop 'into a banana shape'. Llewellyn praised the honesty of the other driver for accepting full liability for the accident, as well as the hospital, police and other services for helping him. He also gave special praise to his 'beloved Prius' for protecting him from the impact. He suffered concussion, minor whiplash and dizzy spells but escaped more serious injury. In 2014 he drove, with David Peilow, a Nissan Leaf 400 miles from London to Edinburgh. Stopping nine times, it took 12 hours, beating a previous time set by the BBC three years earlier which took four days in a Mini-E, as well as beating the time set by David Peilow in a 2008 Tesla Roadster, which, having left two days after the Mini-E, took around 19 hours.Llewellyn is an atheist and sceptic, and has expressed that his major pseudoscientific irritations are astrology and climate change denial. Llewellyn lives in Temple Guiting, Gloucestershire and is married to Australian author Judy Pascoe (who herself had a cameo in Red Dwarf as a one-off love interest of Llewellyn's character, in the episode "Camille" playing a character of the same name). Publications
Books
Llewellyn is the author of fourteen books, including Sold Out!, Therapy and How to Avoid It (with Nigel Planer) and seven novels. The Reconstructed Heart: How to Spot the Difference Between a Normal Man and One Who Does the Housework, is Great in Bed and Doesn't Get All Iffy When You Mention Words Like Love and Commitment (1992) – non-fiction
 The Man in the Rubber Mask (1994 - updated in 2012) – Llewellyn's personal account of his career with Red Dwarf. Therapy and How to Avoid It (1996 - with Nigel Planer) – non-fiction
 Thin He Was and Filthy-Haired (1996) – memoir
 The Man on Platform 5 (1998) – a modern gender-reversed re-telling of Pygmalion, of which the film rights were sold
 Punchbag (1999) – novel
 Sudden Wealth (2000) – novel
 Behind the Scenes at Scrapheap Challenge (2001) – non-fiction
 Brother Nature (2002) – novel
 Sold Out - How I Survived a Year of Not Shopping (2008) – non-fictionNews From trilogy – utopian science fictionNews from Gardenia (2012  - Part 1)News from the Squares (2013 - Part 2)News from the Clouds (2015 - Part 3)Some Old Bloke: Recollections, Obsessions and the Joys of Blokedom (2018) – Autobiography

Video PodcastsCarpool – a regular video podcast, released every Friday, in which Llewellyn interviews other celebrities while driving them somewhere in a car. some of the episodes have appeared on UK channel Dave as well as appearing online after broadcast.Wet Liberal Whenever – was an occasional video podcast where he does a monologue about subjects he is impassioned about, previously known as Wet Liberal WeeklyFully Charged (previously known as Gearless) – a weekly video podcast that was initially about alternative technology vehicles and is now also about The future of Energy,

Other
 Woman Wizard – DVD of his one-man show
 Blue Helmet – online science fiction comedy novel
 Ashens and the Quest for the GameChild – an online independent film (direct to YouTube – low budget). the sequel, Ashens and the Polybius Heist - The sequel to the previous online film, slightly less low budget.in 2013, Llewellyn appeared as a guest on BBC Radio 4's The Museum of Curiosity'', with Cleo Rocos and Kevin Warwick. References

External links

 Official <mask>n blog
 Official <mask>n YouTube
 Fully Charged Show on YouTube
 , Creative Commons-licence

 MacBreak Weekly 105: Don't Lick The Glass

Actors from Northamptonshire
English television presenters
English male television actors
English male stage actors
English male voice actors
21st-century English novelists
English male film actors
English atheists
People from Northampton
1956 births
Living people
English people of Welsh descent
Scrapheap Challenge
English sceptics
English male novelists
British male comedy actors
21st-century English male writers
English YouTubers

masks:
Robert Llewellyn
Llewellyn
Robert Llewelly
Robert Llewelly


title: Min Kwon

texts:
<mask> (born <mask>, <mask>yung) is a Korean-American pianist, a Professor of Piano at the Mason Gross School of the Arts (Rutgers University in New Jersey). Previously, she has served as Chair of Keyboard Studies and Interim Director of the Music Department, and also taught piano minor and chamber music at The Juilliard School in New York, where she was the recipient of the Gina Bachauer International Piano Awards. She is a Steinway Artist. Background
<mask> began playing the piano at the age of three under the tutelage of her mother. She also studied violin and cello, and received the Music Award from the Korean Department of Education at the age of 12, making her debut as piano soloist with the Korean Symphony in Mendelssohn's Concerto No. 1, and performing Saint-Saëns Concerto No. 2 with the nationally televised Seoul Philharmonic.At the age of 14, she received a full scholarship to study at the Curtis Institute of Music in Philadelphia, and made her North American debut with the Philadelphia Orchestra at the age of 16, performing the Prokofiev Concerto No. 3. While at Curtis, she studied with Eleanor Sokoloff and Leon Fleisher, and participated in the master classes of such artists as Richard Goode and Murray Perahia. After earning her Bachelor of Music degree at the age of 19, <mask> continued her studies at The Juilliard School with Martin Canin. She received MM and DMA degrees from Juilliard, and completed post-doctoral studies at the University of Mozarteum in Austria with Hanz Leygraf. As the winner of the Beethoven Competition, <mask> made her New York debut in 1992 with the Juilliard Orchestra at the Avery Fisher Hall of Lincoln Center under Stanisław Skrowaczewski, performing Beethoven's Concerto No. 4.Other noted collaborators include conductors such as James Conlon, Alan Gilbert, and Vaktang Jiordania, and composers such as Robert Aldridge, Richard Danielpour, Paul Reller, and Michael Torke. She toured South America with Orquesta Estaudo Mexico and Orquesta Sinforinca Venezuela, and appeared with all the major orchestras in Korea. She is the winner of Juilliard's Gina Bachauer International Piano Award (1995), the Kingsville International Competition, Van Cliburn Institute Competition, and won prizes at the Jaen International, Scottish International, Dong-A International, and Calabria International Piano Competitions, as well as First Prize at the New York Keyboard Institute and Festival Dorothy McKenzie Artist Awards and Grand Prize at the Korea KBS Emerging Artists Awards. Kwon served as Co‐Director of Vienna ConcertoFest in Austria, and is the first music alumna to have been invited to serve on the Juilliard School Council in New York. Performances and critical acclaim
<mask> has given solo and chamber recitals in Seoul, Singapore, Sydney, and to a sold-out audience in New York's Carnegie Weill Recital Hall, as well as performed on numerous international stages, including the Colmar Festival in France, in Germany, Estonia, Norway, Malaysia, Curaçao, and Switzerland. Following her 2006 Carnegie Hall recital, the New York Concert Review wrote, "...sonic thunder and pianistic lightning… <mask> allowed for both simplicity and opulence and the results were gratifying." Her recital in Manila, Philippines, was praised in the Philippine Inquirer as "a ravishingly beautiful and powerful performance forging a special bond with the audience."Her performance of Olivier Messiaen Vingt Regards L'enfant Jesus on BBC TV prompted the critic of The Herald to write, "Very impressive, astonishingly gifted." <mask> and her sister, violinist Yoon <mask>, were the first Koreans to record (in RCA's 100-year history) for RCA Red Seal Records in 1995. Between 1994 and 2000, the duo performed extensively under the (Columbia Artists Management) Community Concerts and IMG Artists Management. In addition to the duo album, Kwon has recorded solo piano works featured in You and Me and Concerto Extravaganza. Her latest solo album was released in 2008 by MSR Classics, featuring the music of Schubert and Liszt, and was a collaboration with Grammy Award-winning producer David Frost. Teaching
<mask> is in great demand around the world as a gifted and inspiring teacher. Her students have been accepted to many major conservatories, including the Juilliard School, Manhattan School of Music, Mannes College of Music, Peabody Conservatory, Eastman School of Music, and New England Conservatory.<mask> often showcases her students at festivals where she is invited to teach, which have included the Kuhmo Chamber Music Festival in Finland, and the Altenburg MozartFest in Austria. She has conducted master classes at Shanghai Conservatory, Beijing Central Conservatory, Hong Kong Academy of Fine Arts, Hong Kong University, Yong Siew Toh Conservatory of Singapore, and the Vladimir Feltsman PianoFest in SUNY New Paltz, New York, as well as served as a guest professor at London Royal College of Music and the International Keyboard Institute in Korea. During the summer of 2017, she was the Artist in Residence at American Academy in Rome and taught at Music Fest Perugia. At Rutgers, she has tutored over 40 doctoral pianists from 18 nationalities. Arts advocacy
In 2010, <mask> founded the nonprofit The Center for Musical Excellence, established to provide high-caliber training and individually tailored assistance to gifted young musicians wishing to pursue a life in music. Through multiple unique opportunities provided through grants, mentorships, and performances, CME inspires and guides young artists in their careers. <mask> currently serves as Executive and Artistic Director of the organization.Other accolades
<mask> and her sister Yoon modeled for a Pantene Shampoo TV commercial in 2001. Since 1996, <mask> is also the highest rated classical artist onboard Crystal Cruises, a 6-star award-winning cruise line, and was twice named their Classical Artist of the Year (2002 and 2005). She was also seen on the Hour of Power with Robert Schuller,  and was featured as the cover story, "Maestro on Mediterranean," of Virtuoso Magazine. She has also contributed exclusive articles in Korean music publications, most notably Piano Music, in which she interviewed such pianists as Kristjan Zimmerman, Yevgeny Kissin, Leif Ove Andsnes, Mitsuko Uchida, Murray Perhaia, and Pierre Laurent Aimard. Kwon has traveled to 62 countries. Discography

1996  Yoon <mask>, <mask> / <mask> (works by Part, Brahms, de Falla, Gershwin, Kreisler)

2000  You and Me, Yoon and <mask> (works by Chopin, Rachmaninoff, Copland, Schonfield)

2005  Concerto Extravaganza (works by Bach, Mozart, Beethoven, Mendelssohn, Chopin, Grieg, Rachmaninoff)

2008  Schubert and Liszt (Schubert Sonata D 850, Schubert/Liszt Gretchen am Spinnrade, Liszt Gnomenreigen, Reminiscence de Don Juan)

2010  Franz Schubert: Music for Piano Four Hands (with Robert Lehrbaumer)

2015  CME Presents: Piano Celebration I (works by Horowitz, Barber, Rachmaninoff, Brahms, Rzewski)

2016  CME Presents: Piano Celebration II (works by Paul Real for four hands)

References

External links
 http://www.minkwon.com
  at Mason Gross School, Rutgers University

American classical pianists
American women classical pianists
Living people
Juilliard School alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)
American classical musicians of Korean descent
21st-century classical pianists
21st-century American women pianists
21st-century American pianists

masks:
Min Kwon
Kwon
Min K
Min Kwon
Kwon
Kwon
Kwon
Min
Kwon
Kwon
Kwon
Kwon
Kwon
Kwon
Kwon
Kwon
Kwon
Min Kwon
Min Kwon
Min


title: Denis McCullough

texts:
<mask>  (24 January 1883 – 11 September 1968) was a prominent Irish nationalist political activist in the early 20th century, who served as President of the Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB) from 1915 to 1916. Early career – IRB activist
<mask> was born at 1 Barrack Street, Belfast, on 24 January 1883, to <mask>, a publican, and Margaret Magee. <mask> was a separatist nationalist from an early age. Both his father and grandfather were in the Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB), as was his brother. When he was 17, his father had him inducted into the IRB at the side door of a pub by a man who seemed to view the ritual as an unpleasant distraction to a night of drinking. The event disillusioned <mask> with the IRB, and he took it upon himself to revitalise the organisation, with assistance from, among others, Bulmer Hobson and Seán Mac Diarmada. The trio founded the Dungannon Clubs as a non-sectarian, republican, separatist organisation (it was later absorbed into Sinn Féin), for recruitment.They worked to remove "armchair republicans" from positions of power. Their cause prospered with the return of veteran Fenian Tom Clarke to Ireland in 1907. President of IRB and Easter Rising
<mask> was elected to fill the vacant seat of the President of the IRB late in 1915, a position he held during the Easter Rising of 1916, though he took no active role in the rising itself. He was not a member of the Military Committee that was responsible for its planning. It is likely that the other members of the three man IRB executive, Clarke and MacDermott (the treasurer and secretary) supported his nomination as president because, as he was isolated in Belfast, he would be in no position to interfere with their plans. Nevertheless, during Holy Week he got word of what was afoot and travelled to Dublin to question Clarke and MacDermott, who avoided him as long as they could. Eventually they informed him of their plans, which he came to support.Although <mask> was an officer of the Irish Volunteers, in charge of 200 men in Belfast, it was decided that Belfast would not take part in the rising, given that the dominance of the Ulster Volunteers in the northeast could lead to sectarian civil war. <mask> stated in his application for an Irish military pension in 1937 that, 'I brought out my men in Belfast and mobilised them at Coalisland to cooperate with the Tyrone Volunteers in accordance with orders from Pearse and Connolly received by me. Their orders were to bring all available men and arms across Ulster to Connaught to join Mellows there. They were insistent, especially James Connolly, that we were to "fire no shot in Ulster". I thought these orders were mad ones but determined to carry out orders if possible'. <mask> led Volunteers in his area to Dungannon, County Tyrone, from where they would link up with Liam Mellows in Connacht. Although the Volunteer's Chief of Staff Eoin MacNeill issued a countermanding order, cancelling orders for the rising, <mask> took 150 Volunteers and Cumman na mBan by train from Belfast to Dungannon, where he found the local volunteers under Patrick McCartan did not want to leave their home area.<mask> therefore decided to return to Belfast. During the abortive Rising, he accidentally shot himself in the hand. He was arrested that week and taken to Richmond Barracks, Dublin. He spent several months interned at Frongoch internment camp and imprisoned in Reading Gaol. On his release he married Agnes Ryan, a sister of James Ryan, Josephine Ryan and Phyllis Ryan
 and sister-in-law to their husbands Seán T. O'Kelly and Richard Mulcahy. It has been argued that as president of the Irish Republican Brotherhood at the time of the Easter Rising, the title President of the Irish Republic was by rights his, and not Patrick Pearse's. However, as he had no real role in the planning of the insurrection, and was not in the vicinity of Dublin, where it was clear the leadership would need to be, it is understandable that Pearse was given the title instead.<mask>'s decision not to fight in the Easter Rising lost him his pre-eminent position among Belfast republicans. One, Sean Cusack, later said that he told <mask>, "we all felt he had, to some extent, let us down". War of Independence and Treaty
<mask> felt he was sidelined during the Rising, and left the IRB. He was an ordinary volunteer in the Irish War of Independence (1919–1921), during which he was arrested and imprisoned by the British several times and held for long periods. He was imprisoned from May 1918 to March 1919 and again from September 1920 to January 1921 and finally from late January to December 1921. In early 1922 he was sent by Michael Collins to America to liaise between the IRB and its American sister organisation Clan na Gael. In 1922, he supported the Anglo-Irish Treaty, despite its acceptance of the Partition of Ireland, as a way of keeping the republican movement united and focused on the north.He later said of the split in the southern movement, "while they were making up their minds about the Treaty, their people in the north were being killed day by day. They could not stand up the terror in Ulster unless they had a united organisation behind them". He was unaware  that Michael Collins continued to covertly arm the IRA in Ulster until August 1922, partly to protect nationalists there and partly to try to bring down the Northern Irish state. After the Treaty, in early 1922 he was sent by George Gavan Duffy to the United States to make contact with Irish republican organisations there. He later settled in Dublin in the new Irish Free State. Business and later political career
<mask>'s political activity went alongside maintaining and developing an instrument making and retail music business in Belfast's Howard Street, generated from his original trade as a piano tuner. F.J. Biggar, the solicitor antiquarian and friend of Roger Casement, encouraged its growth with orders for bagpipes for his boy bands.In time, after he moved to Dublin, this became <mask> Pigott of Suffolk Street and marked the beginning of a highly successful and influential Free State business career. He distinguished himself in forming the New Ireland Assurance Company. A director of Clondalkin Paper Mills, he also had a role in the Irish Army School of Music, and the Gate Theatre. While in the U.S. as Special Commissioner for the Free State (leaving his wife in charge of the music business), <mask>'s new premises in Dawson Street were destroyed by an Anti-Treaty IRA land mine as a reprisal during the Irish Civil War. He was an unsuccessful Sinn Féin candidate at the 1918 general election for the Tyrone South constituency. On 20 November 1924, <mask> stood as the Cumann na nGaedheal candidate at a by-election in the Donegal constituency, following the resignation of Cumann na nGaedheal TD Peter Ward. He was elected to the 4th Dáil, but did not stand again at the next general election, held in June 1927.References

1883 births
1968 deaths
Cumann na nGaedheal TDs
Irish Republican Army (1919–1922) members
Members of the 4th Dáil
Members of the Irish Republican Brotherhood
Politicians from Belfast
Sinn Féin parliamentary candidates

masks:
Denis McCullough
McCullough
Daniel McCullough
McCullough
McCullough
McCullough
McCullough
McCullough
McCullough
McCullough
McCullough
McCullough
McCullough
McCullough
McCullough
McCullough
McCullough
McCullough


title: Paula M. Niedenthal

texts:
<mask><mask> is a social psychologist currently working as a Professor of Psychology at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. She also completed her undergraduate studies at the University of Wisconsin at Madison where she received a Bachelor's in Psychology. She then received her Ph.D. at the University of Michigan before becoming a faculty member of the departments of Psychology at Johns Hopkins University and Indiana University. Until recently, she served as the Director of Research in the National Centre for Scientific Research at the Université Blaise Pascal in Clermont-Ferrand France. The majority of <mask>'s research focuses on several levels of analysis of emotional processes, this would include emotion-cognition interaction and representational models of emotion. <mask> has authored more than 80 articles and chapters, and several books. <mask> is a fellow of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology.Honors and awards
 Theoretical Innovation Award, Society of Personality and Social Psychology, 2004
 Distinguished Teacher Award Finalist, Johns Hopkins University, 1992
 Teaching Excellence Award, Johns Hopkins University, 1991
 Sigma Xi Scientific Research Award, University of Michigan, 1986-1987

Professional history

Niedenthal Emotions Lab
Upon arriving at the University of Wisconsin–Madison as a full professor in 2011, Niedenthal assembled the Niedenthal Emotions Lab in order to continue past research and discover new research topics relating to human emotion. The lab consists of several undergraduate research assistants, graduate students under <mask>'s supervision, and other interested or collaborating parties. Undergraduates are given a chance to develop research projects, collect and analyze data, and examine the entire process of research in social psychology. Embodying emotions
Niedenthal focuses a large portion of research towards the embodiment of emotions. Embodiment refers both to actual bodily states and to simulations of experience in the brain's modality-specific systems for perception, action, and introspection. One such study conducted by Niedenthal focuses primarily on the central sense of embodiment, referring to the brain's modality-specific systems which include the sensory systems that underlie perception of a current situation, the motor systems that underlie action, and the introspective systems that underlie conscious experiences of emotion, motivation and cognitive operations. Niedenthal employs the use of several theories of embodied cognition to explain how certain phenomena can be based specifically in such systems and bodily states.The main idea underlying theories of embodied cognition is that cognitive representations and operations are fundamentally grounded in their physical context, while cognition relies heavily on the brain's modality-specific systems and actual bodily states. Niedenthal believes that it is becoming increasingly essential to demonstrate the casual rules of embodiment in higher cognition. <mask> has suggested that embodiment plays a large role in information processing of emotions through the use of Wilsons’ idea of "online" and ‘’offline’’ embodiment in that embodiment is present when individuals respond to real emotion objects as well as when individuals represent the meanings of emotional symbols (e.g., words). Facial expressions and embodiment
<mask> has demonstrated that mimicry plays a causal role in the processing of emotional expression. Consistent with the embodiment hypothesis; In her study participants that were free to mimic the expressions detected the change in emotional expression earlier and more efficiently for any facial expression than those who were prevented from mimicking the expressions. Further studies have shown that in regards to judgment, individuals embodied the relevant, discrete emotion as indicated by their facial expression. When certain emotions are experienced the resulting action is the stimulation of differing facial muscles depending on the response.Through the use of the electromyographic recording technique Niedenthal was able to observe the participants’ resulting facial expressions. Four such muscles that were activated were the orbicularis oculi, zygomaticus, the corrugator, and levator. It is also noted that embodiment does not occur when the information can be processed through association or perceptual features. Facial expressions and attachment
According to Niedenthal, the perception of facial expressions of emotion can be affected by emotional states among many factors. In accordance with attachment orientation <mask> has proposed that lower level cognitive processes of perception such as the timing of the perceived offset of facial expressions of emotion influence the perception of facial expressions of different emotions such as happiness, anger, fear, and sadness. Emotional response categorization
Defined as: "the mental grouping together of objects and events that elicit the same emotion, and the treatment of those objects and events as "the same kind of thing"". Emotional response categorization enables an individual to choose an appropriate action in regards to their own categorization, allowing the individual to understand the meaning of an object based on their past experiences thus allowing for the individual to imagine their response and the outcome to an event or object.Emotional response categorization theory
Proposed in 1999 by Niedenthal et al., emotional response categorization theory proposes that emotional states provide a form of conceptual coherence in that any objects or events that pertain to an emotion are grouped together into categories. The theory consists of three claims:
 Basic emotions provide the mental structure for emotional response categorization. The experience of a basic emotion(s) (happiness, sadness, fear, anger, etc.) will lead to the process of emotional response equivalence in order for categorization to occur. Selective attention to the emotional response associated with an object or event will result in emotional response categorization. Structure of emotion
Emotional state as well as arousal are important in facilitating memory in that objects and events can be distinguished into high and low-arousal categories. These arousal categories based on basic emotions form the basis for emotional learning that is essential for understanding.Basic emotions organize concepts into categories
An individual is more likely to associate an emotional experience into a category based on relevance and emotional response categorization. Niedenthal proposes that the experienced emotional state increases the use of all emotional response categories and not just the one being experienced. Selective attention to emotional response
<mask> and colleagues contend that while experiencing an emotional state, an individual selectively attends the response to stimuli that have greater emotional meaning and importance. These previously experienced emotional responses have a larger impact on the judgments and behaviors. An individual experiencing a strong emotional state due to naturally occurring events will organize their perceptual and conceptual worlds differently from those in a neutral state. In other words: when experiencing a strong emotional state, an individual is more likely to associate the experienced emotion with the targeted objects or event(s). The stimulated person(s) is more likely to associate a wider range of objects and events that are associated with the specific emotion than would the non-stimulated person.It is important to note that emotional response categorization is context dependent in that the resulting response depends greatly on an individuals past experiences. Emotion congruence and selective perception
One particular area of study by Dr. Niedenthal looks at the question of "Are we more tuned to perceive things that are more congruent with our mood?". For example, one study done by Dr. Niedenthal and <mask> in 1994 suggests that happiness and sadness have emotion-congruent effects upon selective perception. In their 1994 study, participants were given earphones so that they could listen to music throughout the experiment. Half of the participants were given classical music that was intended to induce a happy mood (the allegro from <mask>'s Eine kleine Nachtmusik, and parts of Vivaldi's Concerto in C Major), and half of the participants were given classical music that was intended to induce sad moods (Adagietto by <mask> and the adagio from the piano from the Piano Concerto No. 2 in C Minor by Rachmaninov). Subjects were then asked to perform a lexical decision task.Letters were flashed on a screen: some were real words and some were non-words or words that are not in the dictionary but can still be pronounced in English, such as "blang". The words were put into five categories, happy words, positive words that are unrelated to happiness, neutral words, negative words that are unrelated to sadness, and sad words. <mask> and Setterlund found that music can induce happy or sad moods. They also found that when in a happy mood, participants were quicker at identifying happy words than sad words. Such findings are in line with the emotion-congruence thesis. This research also makes the conclusion that our existing moods and emotions lead us to selectively perceive emotion-congruent objects and events. Neural computation
A 2008 study, conducted by Niedenthal and others, challenges research pertaining to the anger superiority effect.The anger superiority effect states that it is easier to detect angry faces than happy faces in a crowd neutral ones. This idea was said to have evolved over phylogenic development because it is beneficial to be able to quickly detect a threat in a given environment. Niedenthal et al. cite recent research that questions the hidden perceptual versus emotional factors that might account for this so-called anger superiority effect. In congruence with the findings of this research, Niedenthal et al. tested the anger superiority effect using a neural analysis of human faces in two different simulations in order to separate emotional and perceptual processes. They found that perceptual bias is causing a faster, more accurate identification of anger faces.References

American psychologists
American women psychologists
American expatriates in France
University of Michigan alumni
Indiana University faculty
University of Wisconsin–Madison faculty
Living people
University of Wisconsin–Madison College of Letters and Science alumni
Johns Hopkins University faculty
Year of birth missing (living people)
American women academics
American textbook writers
21st-century American women

masks:
Paula M
. Niedenthal
Niedenthal
Niedenthal
Niedenthal
Paula Niedenthal
Niedenthal
Niedenthal
Niedenthal
Niedenthal
Marc Setterlund
Mozart
Mahler
Niedenthal


title: Robert Smith Surtees

texts:
<mask> (17 May 180516 March 1864) was an English editor, novelist and sporting writer, widely known as R. S. Surtees. He was the second son of <mask> of Hamsterley Hall, a member of an old County Durham family. He is remembered for his invented character of Jorrocks, a vulgar but good-natured sporting cockney grocer. Early life
Surtees attended a school at Ovingham and then Durham School, before being articled in 1822 to <mask>, a solicitor in Market Street, Newcastle upon Tyne. Career
Surtees left for London in 1825, intending to practise law in the capital, but had difficulty making his way and began contributing to the Sporting Magazine. He launched out on his own with the New Sporting Magazine in 1831, contributing the comic papers which appeared as Jorrocks' Jaunts and Jollities in 1838. Jorrocks, the sporting cockney grocer, with his vulgarity and good-natured artfulness, was a great success with the public, and Surtees produced more Jorrocks novels in the same vein, notably Handley Cross and Hillingdon Hall, where the description of the house is very reminiscent of Hamsterley.Another hero, Soapey Sponge, appears in Mr Sponge's Sporting Tour, possibly Surtees best work. All Surtees' novels were composed at Hamsterley Hall, where he wrote standing up at a desk, like Victor Hugo. In 1835, Surtees abandoned his legal practice and after inheriting Hamsterley Hall in 1838, devoted himself to hunting and shooting, meanwhile writing anonymously for his own pleasure. He was a friend and admirer of the great hunting man Ralph Lambton, who had his headquarters at Sedgefield County Durham, the 'Melton of the North'. Surtees became Lord High Sheriff of Durham in 1856. He died in Brighton in 1864, and was buried in Ebchester church. Though Surtees did not set his novels in any readily identifiable locality, he uses North East place-names like Sheepwash, Howell (How) Burn, and Winford Rig.His memorable Geordie James Pigg, in Handley Cross, is based on Joe Kirk, a Slaley huntsman. The famous incident, illustrated by Leech, when Pigg jumps into the melon frame was inspired by a similar episode involving Kirk in Corbridge. As a creator of comic personalities, Surtees is still readable today. Thackeray envied him his powers of observation, while William Morris considered him "a master of life" and ranked him with Dickens. The novels are engaging and vigorous, and abound with sharp social observation, with a keener eye than Dickens for the natural world. Perhaps Surtees most resembles the Dickens of Pickwick Papers, which was originally intended as mere supporting matter for a series of sporting illustrations to rival Jorrocks. Most of Surtees's later novels, were illustrated by John Leech.They included Mr Sponge's Sporting Tour (1853); Ask Mamma (1858); Plain or Ringlets? (1860) and Mr Facey Romford's Hounds (1865). The last of these novels appeared posthumously. In 1841 <mask> married Elizabeth Jane Fenwick, daughter of Addison Fenwick of Bishopwearmouth, by whom he had one son and two daughters. His younger daughter Eleanor married John Vereker, afterwards 5th Viscount Gort. Their son was Field Marshal Lord Gort, commander of the BEF in France in 1940. Influences on others
The character "Stalky" (based on Lionel Dunsterville) from Rudyard Kipling's Stalky & Co. (1899) has <mask>'s Handley Cross by heart and quotes from it repeatedly.The novels of Surtees are mentioned several times in Siegfried Sassoon's 1928 autobiographical novel Memoirs of a Fox-Hunting Man. Mr. Jorrocks' phrase "my beloved 'earers" often appears in the speech of children in the books of Monica Marsden. Anthony Blanche, as he prepares Charles Ryder for their dinner outing to Thame in Brideshead Revisited, says that they will "imagine ourselves…where? Not on a j-j-jaunt with J-J-Jorrocks anyway. " "There were Jorrocks' Jaunts and Jollities; there were Soapey Sponge and Mrs. Asquith's Memoirs and Big Game Shooting in Nigeria, all spread open." From Mrs Dalloway by Virginia Woolf. Legacy

Surtees was not among the most popular novelists in the nineteenth century.His work lacked the self-conscious idealism, sentimentality and moralism of the Victorian era; the historian Norman Gash asserted that "His leading male characters were coarse or shady; his leading ladies dashing and far from virtuous; his outlook on society satiric to the point of cynicism." Thomas Seccombe, writing in 1898 for the Dictionary of National Biography, said that it was the illustrations of Leech that gave Surtees' work any notability:The coarseness of the text was redeemed in 1854 by the brilliantly humorous illustrations of John Leech, who utilised a sketch of a coachman made in church as his model for the ex-grocer. Some of Leech's best work is to be found among his illustrations to Surtees's later novels, notably Ask Mamma and Mr. Romford's Hounds. Without the original illustrations these works have very small interest. However, for the very reasons that the Victorians deprecated him, Surtees' work has continued to be read long after some of his more popular contemporaries have been forgotten. Gash notes that George Whyte-Melville's hunting novels were far better selling in their day than Surtees's but are now no longer read and appear sanitised in comparison. Gash concludes by writing that:

Surtees's range was limited, his style often clumsy and colloquial.Even in the better-constructed novels the plots are loose and discursive. Nevertheless, his sharp, authentic descriptions of the hunting field have retained their popularity among fox-hunters.... Among a wider public his mordant observations on men, women, and manners; his entertaining array of eccentrics, rakes, and rogues; his skill in the construction of lively dialogue (a matter over which he took great pains); his happy genius for unforgettable and quotable phrases; and above all, his supreme comic masterpiece, Jorrocks, have won him successive generations of devoted followers. Although his proper place among Victorian novelists is not easy to determine, his power as a creative artist was recognized, among professional writers, by Thackeray, Kipling, Arnold Bennett, and Siegfried Sassoon, and earned the tributes of laymen as distinguished and diverse as William Morris, Lord Rosebery, and Theodore Roosevelt. There is a statue of Jorrocks by John Mills outside 96 George Street, Croydon, London. A musical based on his works entitled Jorrocks with music and lyrics by David Heneker received a West End run in 1966. R. S. Surtees Society
The R. S. Surtees Society was founded in 1979 and holds an annual dinner in London.Its stated objectives are:
 To promote the works of R. S. Surtees, to maintain his reputation as an author and to stimulate interest in his literary merits. To republish the works of R. S. Surtees as and when the Executive Committee considers necessary and is satisfied that demand exists; and to publish or republish any biographical or appreciative material about R.S. Surtees. To arrange such meetings and events as in the opinion of the Committee will achieve the above object; and
 If, in the opinion of the Committee, it is considered advisable to raise funds to achieve the above objects, to publish or republish works by other authors, or prints by artists, or other items of a literary artistic association. Major works

Fiction
 Jorrocks' Jaunts and Jollities (1838)
 Handley Cross (1843)
 Hillingdon Hall (1845)
 Hawbuck Grange (1847)
 Mr Sponge's Sporting Tour (1853)
 Ask Mamma (1858)
 Plain or Ringlets ? (1858–1860, in twelve parts)
 Mr Facey Romford's Hounds (1865)
 Young Tom Hall (unfinished)

Non-fiction
 The Horseman's Manual (1831)
 Analysis of the Hunting Field (1846)
 Hints to Railway Travellers (1852)

Bound editions comprising collections of short stories, essays and papers
 Town and Country Papers (incorporating "Hints to Railway Travellers")
 Hunting Tours of Surtees
 Mr Jorrocks Thoughts on Hunting and Other Matters

Notes

Attribution

Further reading
Nimrod [C. J. Apperley], My life and times, ed. E. D. Cuming (1927).L. Cooper, R. S<mask> (1952). W.P. Frith, John Leech, His Life and Work (2 vols, 1891). N. Gash, <mask>s and early Victorian society (1993). A. Noakes, Horses, hounds, and humans: R. S<mask> (1957). R. S<mask> and E. D. Cuming, <mask> <mask> (creator of "Jorrocks") 1803–1864. By himself and E. D. Cuming (1924) .R. S. Surtees, Town and country papers, ed. E. D. Cuming (1929). Anthony Steel, Jorrocks's England: On the Works of <mask> Surtees (London: Methuen & Co., 1932). F. Watson, Robert Smith Surtees, new edn (1991). J. Welcome, The sporting world of R. S. Surtees (1982). External links

 R. S. Surtees Society

1805 births
1864 deaths
19th-century British novelists
British male journalists
Fox hunters
Fox hunting writers
High Sheriffs of Durham
People from Ovingham
People educated at Durham School
British male novelists
19th-century British male writers

masks:
Robert Smith Surtees
Anthony Surtees
Robert Purvis
Surtees
Surtees
. Surtees
Robert Surtee
. Surtees
. Surtees
Robert Smith
Surtees
Robert Smith


title: James Welling

texts:
<mask> (born 1951 in Hartford, Connecticut) is an American artist, photographer and educator living in New York City. He attended Carnegie-Mellon University where he studied drawing with Gandy Brodie and at the University of Pittsburgh where he took modern dance classes. <mask> transferred to the California Institute of the Arts in Valencia, California in 1971 and received a B.F.A. and an M.F.A. in the School of Art. At Cal Arts, he studied with John Baldessari, Wolfgang Stoerchle and Jack Goldstein. Life and work
<mask> began to make photographs in 1976 using a 4x5 view camera.His first body of work, Los Angeles Architecture and Portraits, consisted of photographs of his friends and local architecture. In 1977 he began Diary/Landscape, photographs of his great-grandparents' diary that he paired with landscapes made in Connecticut. In 1978 he moved to New York and began a sequence of abstract photographs, Aluminum Foil, Drapes, Gelatin Photographs. These works were exhibited at Metro Pictures, New York in exhibitions in 1981, 1982 and 1984. In 2002 The Metropolitan Museum of Art acquired the complete set of  Aluminum Foil photographs and in 2011 the Art Institute of Chicago acquired the complete Diary/Landscape. In 1988, Welling began Railroad Photographs, a body of work that documented railroad landscapes in North America. These photographs were exhibited at Jay Gorney Modern Art, New York, documenta 9, Kassel, Germany and Donald Young Gallery, Seattle.In the late 1980s Welling began Degrades, color photograms ranging from 10 x 8 inches to 40 x 30 inches, a project that continues to the present. In 1991 Welling began Light Sources, various sized black and white photographs made in America and Europe. Light Sources was first exhibited at Galerie Philip Nelson in Paris in 1994 and in 2014 the Tate Modern, London acquired a core group of Light Sources. In 1995 Welling joined the faculty of the Department of Art at the University of California, Los Angeles. At UCLA Welling began to work with digital technology and with color. In Glass House, (2005–10) Welling photographed of the eponymous home of architect Philip Johnson with an array of colored filters in front of his digital camera. In Wyeth (2009–15) Welling used digital collage and subtle chromatic alterations to record the places where the American artist Andrew Wyeth painted.The complete series was exhibited at the Brandywine River Museum of Art. Welling returned to modern dance with Choreograph, a series of digital prints consisting of chromatically intense superimpositions of dance, architecture and landscape. Choreograph was exhibited at David Zwirner, New York, Regen Projects, Los Angeles, (both shows designed by Johnston Mark Lee) Galerie Marta Cervera, Madrid, Galerie Marian Goodman, Paris  and at the George Eastman Museum, Rochester, 2020. A companion volume, Choreograph, was published by Aperture in 2020. Currently, Welling teaches in the Visual Art Program at the Lewis Center at Princeton University. Recognition and Awards
In 2014 Welling was named one of the recipients of the Infinity Award given by the International Center of Photography, New York. 2009 Pilara Foundation Distinguished Visiting Photography Fellow
2008 International Association of Art Critics Award of Excellence, First Place/Best Show in a Commercial Gallery Nationally
1999 DG BANK-Förderpreis Fotografie award, Sprengel Museum Hannover

Publications
<mask>: Photographs 1977–1990.Bern: Kunsthalle Bern, 1990. Usines de Dentelle. Calais: Le Channel, Scene Nationale de Calais, 1993. Wolfsburg. Wolfsburg: Kunstmuseum Wolfsburg, 1994. Light Sources. Gent: Imschoot, 1996.New Abstractions. Hannover, Germany: Sprengel Museum, 1999
<mask>, Photographs 1974–1999. Columbus, Ohio: Wexner Center for the Arts, 2000. Abstract. Brussels, Belgium: Palais de Beaux-Arts, 2002. Glass House. Bologna: Damiani, 2010
Light Sources.London / Göttingen: SteidlMACK, 2010. The Mind on Fire. New York: Prestel, 2012
Monograph. New York: Aperture, 2013. Diary/Landscape. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2014. . Things Beyond Resemblance.Chadds Ford: Brandywine River Museum of Art, 2015
Metamorphosis. Munich: Prestel, 2017
Meridian. Roman Nvmerals: New York, 2017

Exhibitions
Group exhibitions include Indian Summer, Project Inc, Cambridge, 1974;  Forest of Signs, MoCA Los Angeles, 1989; documenta 9, Kassel, 1992; Prospect 96, Cologne, 1996; the Whitney Biennial, New York City; 2008; The Pictures Generation, 1974–1984, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, 2009, This Will Have Been: Art, Love & Politics in the 1980s, MCA, Chicago, 2012. Solo exhibitions at museums and alternative spaces include, Le Channel, Calais, 1993; Arts Club of Chicago, 1994; the Camden Art Center, London, 1996; Kunstmuseum, Luzern, 1998; Albany Institute of History and Art, Albany, 2004; Minneapolis Institute of the Arts, 2010; Wadsworth Atheneum, Hartford, 2012; University of Massachusetts, Amherst, 2013. Retrospective shows include Kunsthalle, Bern, 1990; Wexner Center, Columbus, OH, 2000; MoCA, Los Angeles, 2001; the Palais de Beaux Arts, Brussels, 2002; Art Gallery of York University, Toronto, 2002, MK Gallery, Milton Keynes, 2012; the Contemporary Art Gallery, Vancouver, 2012; the Cincinnati Art Museum, Cincinnati, 2013; the Hammer Museum, Los Angeles, 2013, S. M. A. K, Gent 2017, the KunstForum, Vienna, 2017. Collections
Welling's work is held in the following permanent collections:
 Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago
 Brandywine River Museum of Art, Pennsylvania
 Centre Georges Pompidou, Paris
 Hammer Museum, Los Angeles
 Los Angeles County Museum of Art
 Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
 Mumok, Vienna
 Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles
 Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
 Museum of Modern Art, New York
 National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.
 Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York
 Tokyo Metropolitan Museum of Photography
 Tate Modern, London
 Wadsworth Atheneum, Hartford, CT
 Whitney Museum of American Art, New York

References

External links

 James Welling's film, "Lake Pavilion," 2009, on Artforum
 James Welling's photography on The New York Times
  James Welling on Artnet
  James Welling at the Museum of Contemporary Photography
 James Welling at Regen Projects
  James Welling interviewed by Jeremy Sigler in Modern Painters
 James Welling at Kadist Art Foundation

1951 births
Living people
American photographers
American contemporary artists
Artists from Los Angeles
California Institute of the Arts alumni

masks:
James Welling
Welling
Welling
James Welling
James Welling


title: Michael Cole (wrestling)

texts:
<mask> is an American professional wrestling commentator and former journalist. Since 1997, he has been signed to WWE, where he has performed multiple on-screen hosting and commentator roles. Currently, he serves as the play-by-play commentator for the SmackDown brand, and since 2020, has served as Vice President of Announcing. Journalism career
Coulthard began his career in the media as a journalist, working for CBS Radio. His first high-profile assignment was to cover the 1988 US presidential campaign of Democratic Party nominee <mask>. In 1992, he reported on the presidential campaign of Bill Clinton. Coulthard covered the 51-day siege at the Branch Davidian compound in Waco, Texas, in 1993.The following year, he spent nine months covering the Yugoslavian civil war. In 1995, he was also selected to cover the aftermath of the Oklahoma City bombing. He returned to the presidential campaign trail in 1996 to cover the campaigns of Steve Forbes and Sen. Bob Dole. Professional wrestling career

World Wrestling Federation/Entertainment/WWE (1997–present)

Backstage interviewer and Raw (1997–1999)
Coulthard came to the World Wrestling Federation in mid early-1997 after being recommended to company officials by Todd Pettengill, and started using the stage name "<mask>". He provided voice-overs for promotional videos and later became the host of LiveWire show alongside Jim Cornette. <mask> first appeared on screen at the June 30, 1997 episode of Raw is War, interviewing The Legion of Doom and replaced Todd Pettengill as a backstage interviewer after SummerSlam. In late 1997, <mask> became one of the three announcers for the first hour of Monday Night Raw, alongside Jim Ross and Kevin Kelly.Eventually <mask> was permanently replaced by Jerry Lawler in mid-1998. In December 1998, <mask> became the regular play-by-play announcer for Monday Night Raw, subbing for Jim Ross when Ross was ill with Bell's palsy. He continued in this role until WrestleMania XV in March 1999. SmackDown! (1999–2008)
When the promotion's new SmackDown! television program debuted later that year, <mask> was chosen to be the show's play-by-play announcer. Originally his broadcast partner was Jerry Lawler, but when Lawler briefly left the WWF in 2001, he was replaced by <mask>'s WWF Sunday Night Heat broadcast partner Tazz shortly before the WWF vs. WCW/ECW invasion storyline.After the WWE Brand Extension, <mask> worked exclusively for the SmackDown! brand, cutting down to doing play-by-play on SmackDown!-only pay-per-views, while Raw-only pay-per-views were announced by Raw's announce team. <mask> also had a stint doing commentary on SmackDown!s former sister show WWE Velocity. As an announcer, <mask> was rarely involved in storylines; however, he has had minor roles in storylines involving Heidenreich, Stephanie McMahon, Vito, and D-Generation X (Triple H, <mask>, Chyna, and Rick Rude). His 2004 angle with Heidenreich became infamous due to an implied scene where Heidenreich "Heidenraped" him in the arena restroom. In a 2008 interview, Heidenreich explained that the <mask> rape angle was McMahon's idea, and that Pulp Fiction came to mind when Stephanie McMahon approached him with the idea. He also appeared in the Taxi Driver parody trailer in promotion of WrestleMania 21.<mask> called play-by-play at the 2006 Royal Rumble match because Jim Ross, who had commentated the last two Royal Rumble matches with Tazz, had been (kayfabe) "fired" and replaced by former ECW play-by-play man Joey Styles, reuniting the original SmackDown! team of <mask> and Jerry Lawler. On February 3, 2006, it was announced that <mask> and Tazz were starting a radio show on Howard Stern's Howard 100 on Sirius Satellite Radio, but the show was a trial run that only lasted a couple of weeks. On April 26, 2006, WWE announced that <mask> would become the managing editor of WWE.com. Shortly after, WWE Chairman Vince McMahon told shareholders in a meeting held on September 14 that he thought that the website "sucks". In response, <mask> replied on WWE.com about updated content for the website: a broadband network with original web-only shows have been scheduled for October, with a new mobile offering, a re-vamped subscription site and more exclusive videos and photos. <mask> went on to say, "So in summary, the web site does suck, compared to where we are going to take it, but it won't suck for long.Wish I could say the same for the boss." On the June 9 episode of SmackDown!, <mask>'s broadcast partner Tazz left from SmackDown! to ECW, leaving <mask> at that moment without a broadcast partner. At ECW One Night Stand, John "Bradshaw" Layfield (JBL) announced he would replace Tazz as color commentator. This proved true five days later when JBL appeared on that week's episode of SmackDown! as <mask> left the broadcast booth and returned to wrestling action on Raw, Jonathan Coachman became <mask>'s new partner on the January 4, 2008 episode of SmackDown!.Coachman was then replaced by Mick Foley beginning at Backlash on April 27, 2008. Return to Raw (2008–2009)
As a part of the 2008 WWE Draft, <mask> was drafted to the Raw brand as Jim Ross was drafted to the SmackDown brand. This effectively ended <mask>'s near 10-year run as play-by-play commentator on SmackDown in which he called every episode except for two. (The two episodes were the series premiere and the 9/11 Tribute show, both of which were called by Ross.) On the July 7, 2008 episode of Raw, <mask> was attacked by Kane. He repeatedly asked <mask> "Is he alive or dead?" before <mask> was saved by Jerry Lawler.<mask> made his in-ring debut as Lawler's partner against the tag team of Cody Rhodes and Ted DiBiase; a match for the World Tag Team Championship. <mask> and Lawler lost after <mask> inadvertently tagged himself in, and was quickly pinned by Rhodes after a lariat. At the 2009 Slammy Awards, <mask> won The "Oh My God" Moment of the Year award for vomiting on Chris Jericho at SmackDowns 10th Anniversary show on October 2. Feud with Jerry Lawler (2010–2012)

<mask> was the lead commentator for WWE NXT for its first three seasons. During the first season in 2010, <mask> began showing signs of arrogance and cockiness towards face wrestlers and WWE fans alike, turning heel for the first time in his WWE career. He also began to belittle Daniel Bryan and took a liking to The Miz, leading to confrontations with Bryan throughout the season. Meanwhile, on the Raw brand, <mask> was made the official spokesman for the Anonymous Raw General Manager beginning on June 21, 2010.<mask> returned to SmackDown to join Matt Striker and Todd Grisham on commentary beginning on October 1, and branded himself the "Voice of the WWE", stating that he should be on all WWE shows going forward. On the November 29, 2010 episode of Raw, <mask> interfered in a Tables, Ladders and Chairs match for the WWE Championship between Jerry Lawler and The Miz, costing Lawler the match and helping Miz retain his title. This began a feud with Lawler that built towards a match at WrestleMania XXVII. During this time, <mask> revealed that Jack Swagger was his personal trainer and he antagonized Lawler with antics such as making light of his mother's death and inviting his son, Brian Lawler, to air family secrets. At WrestleMania, special referee Stone Cold Steve Austin announced Lawler had won the match but the Anonymous Raw General Manager reversed the decision and declared <mask> the winner by disqualification, due to Austin getting involved in the match. A month later at Extreme Rules, <mask> teamed with Swagger to defeat Jim Ross and Lawler in a Country Whipping match. Lawler and <mask> had a final "Kiss My Foot" match at Over the Limit on May 22, which <mask> lost.After the match, Bret Hart returned and put <mask> in his signature submission move, the Sharpshooter, to help Lawler make <mask> kiss his foot. <mask> apologized to Lawler the following night on Raw, ending their feud. <mask> continued to favor most heels and question the actions of the faces to regain control in matches. <mask> continued to wrestle sporadically after this. On the July 25 episode of Raw, Triple H placed <mask> in a match against Zack Ryder, which <mask> lost quickly. <mask> and Alberto Del Rio lost a tag team match to John Cena and Jim Ross on the October 17 episode of Raw. This prompted <mask> to challenge Ross to the "Michael Cole Challenge" (a series of three contests); <mask> said that if Ross won each challenge, <mask> would quit his job.During the challenge on the November 14 episode of Raw, Ross won the first two challenges (arm wrestling and dancing), causing <mask> to declare that the third contest was who weighed less, which <mask> won. Ross was subsequently fired and CM Punk came out and attacked <mask>; <mask> vowed revenge and said he would sue Punk for injuring him. <mask> was a surprise entrant in the 2012 Royal Rumble match but was quickly eliminated by Lawler, Booker T, and the returning Kharma. <mask> was put in a match with John Cena on the June 4, 2012, episode of Raw, which he lost, and was forced to make an apology for all of his wrongdoings. On the July 9 episode of Raw, <mask> was booked against Jerry Lawler in a WrestleMania XXVII rematch, which he quickly lost. The Anonymous Raw General Manager reversed the decision, making <mask> the winner by disqualification following interference by Booker T. Santino Marella then came out and pulled out Hornswoggle from hiding underneath the ring, claiming that he was the Anonymous Raw General Manager. Face turn (2012–2019)

<mask> was lauded for his handling of his fellow commentary partner Jerry Lawler's legitimate on-air heart attack on the September 10, 2012 episode of Raw.Despite being a heel commentator for two years, <mask> provided updates to television viewers on Lawler's condition throughout the episode and was described as "classy and professional", and praised for his handling of the emergency. The incident effectively turned him face, as he began favoring the face wrestlers and began receiving cheers. <mask> also joined in commentary during Raw and pay-per-view events, including Night of Champions and Hell in a Cell by Jim Ross and John "Bradshaw" Layfield. <mask> cemented his face turn when he hugged Lawler in the ring when Lawler returned on the November 12 episode of Raw. On the March 30, 2015, episode of Raw, <mask>, along with JBL and Booker T, were attacked by Brock Lesnar after Seth Rollins refused Lesnar his WWE World Heavyweight Championship rematch. <mask> did not appear on commentary the following week as part of a storyline injury. On June 8, <mask> welcomed Byron Saxton as the color commentator for Raw, replacing Booker T. On the January 15, 2018 episode of Raw, <mask> was attacked by Braun Strowman due to Strowman's anger at being fired by General Manager Kurt Angle, and was subsequently replaced by Tom Phillips for the remainder of the broadcast.Return to SmackDown commentary (2019–present)
Three days later after Raw, on September 26, 2019, WWE announced as a part of their "WWE Premiere Week" that a new commentary team will be on SmackDown. <mask> would return to commentary on SmackDown for the first time since he was drafted from SmackDown to Raw in over 11 years, alongside former Raw commentators Corey Graves and special contributor Renee Young. Reality of Wrestling (2013)
In December 2013, <mask> served as a special guest announcer for fellow WWE employee Booker T's professional wrestling promotion Reality of Wrestling, along with Rich Brennan (formerly known as Anthony Pratt and Rich Bocchini). Legacy
Arn Anderson has praised <mask> stating "I think he does a very good job. I think he is very professional. He can call a wrestling match very well". Legendary professional wrestling commentator and former broadcast partner colleague Jim Ross has also praised <mask> stating "<mask> works his ass off.He's a good family man, he's a company man, he works diligently to do his job. I respect him for all those things. I've always liked him, he's a good dude, and folks won't understand that. They only judge him for his television persona, rightly or wrongly. It's kind of frustrating". Other media

<mask> has appeared as a commentator in numerous WWE video games, providing his own voice. He has also appeared as a non-playable character in several and is a playable character in WWF SmackDown!2: Know Your Role, WWF No Mercy as an unlockable character and WWE '12 as a downloadable character. <mask> appeared on the September 12, 2012 episode of Fox & Friends to address fellow WWE commentator Jerry Lawler's heart attack that occurred during the September 10 live broadcast of Raw. Personal life
Coulthard has been married to Yolanda since 1987 and together they have two adopted sons. Filmography

 Film

 Web series

 WWE Network

Awards and accomplishments

 The Baltimore Sun
 Non-Wrestling Performer of the Year (2010)
 World Wrestling Entertainment / WWE
 Slammy Award (4 times)
 "Oh My" Moment of the Year (2009)
 "And I Quote..." Line of the Year (2010)
 Most Regrettable Attire of the Year (2011)
 Favorite Web Show of the Year (2013) –
 Wrestling Observer Newsletter
 Worst Gimmick (2011)
 Worst Television Announcer (2001, 2009–2012, 2020)
 WrestleCrap
Gooker Award (2011) Antics throughout the years

References

External links

1968 births
American color commentators
American Internet celebrities
American male professional wrestlers
American reporters and correspondents
Living people
People from McAllen, Texas
Sportspeople from Syracuse, New York
People from the Catskills
Professional wrestling announcers
S. I. Newhouse School of Public Communications alumni
WWE executives

masks:
Sean Michael Coulthard
Michael Dukakis
Michael Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Shawn Michaels
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
ColeBL
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Cole
Michael
Cole
Cole


title: Terry McGovern (boxer)

texts:
<mask> (March 9, 1880 – February 22, 1918) was an American professional boxer who held the World Bantamweight and Featherweight Championships. He was born in Johnstown, Pennsylvania as <mask>. Through most of his career he was managed by Sam H. Harris, who remained a lifelong friend. Many boxing historians considered McGovern's greatest attributes his punching ability and signature charges rather than his boxing style or defensive technique. That the majority of his wins were by knockout speaks to the power of his punch. Early life
McGovern was born in Johnstown, Pennsylvania on March 9, 1880, to Irish parents. After the death of his father Joseph, he tried to help support his widowed mother by peddling vegetables after the family moved to South Brooklyn the year after he was born.Starting his professional career in 1897, several of his brothers would also attempt to make a living as boxers. He began boxing at Brooklyn's Greenwood Athletic Club in preliminary bouts at age 16. Professional career
In his impressive career, McGovern took both the World Bantamweight and Featherweight Titles. He defended the World Featherweight Title at least five times against Joe Bernstein, Tommy White, Aurelio Herrera, and twice against Oscar Gardiner. He lost it to Young Corbett II who defeated him in World Featherweight Title fights on two separate occasions. His victory over Frank Erne, World Lightweight Champion, led some to claim he was also heir to the World Lightweight Title, though most sources today believe the bout was not a sanctioned title fight. In his first 36 better-publicized bouts before taking the World Bantamweight Title, McGovern won an astounding 30, losing only to Johnny Snee and Tim Calahan.His winning streak did not end after taking the Bantamweight Title. World Bantam Champ, 1899

McGovern won the vacant World Bantamweight Championship on September 12, 1899, in a first-round knockout of British boxer Pedlar Palmer before a crowd of 10,000, using a series of heavy body blows. McGovern was only 19 years old and had been boxing professionally little more than two years. The bout took place at the Westchester Athletic Club in New York. The winner was to receive $7,500, and the loser $2,500, both sizable purses for the period, but far less than boxers would make for a World Title fight a decade later. The referee was George Siler. The fight was billed as the 116 pound championship.McGovern wore green trunks for the bout which he believed gave him luck. This was the first world championship bout under Queensberry Rules to end by a one-round knockout. McGovern never defended the title and relinquished it in 1900. On November 18, 1899, he defeated New Yorker Patsy Haley in a first-round knockout in Chicago at Tattersall's in a non-title match. Like many of McGovern's early opponents, Haley was a skilled boxer, yet not a match for McGovern. Haley would become one of the best-known and most-respected New York-area referees in the 1920s and 1930s and referee an impressive array of World Title fights. Win over Frank Erne, Lightweight Champion
On July 16, 1900, in an important bout, McGovern defeated World Lightweight Champion Frank Erne in a third-round technical knockout before a crowd of 13,000 in New York's Madison Square Garden.Erne knocked down McGovern with a blow to the head in the very first round, but McGovern took most of the count before landing on his feet and resuming the fight. Grinning and furious, McGovern was fastest in the third round showing his signature aggressive style. Erne, was down at least twice in the third round and had received a telling blow to the face from McGovern before his seconds threw in the sponge. Upon examination after the fight, Erne was found to have the most substantial injuries to his nose and mouth. The betting on the fight remained even for a considerable time, before McGovern took a slight lead before the fight. As Erne was the reigning World Lightweight Champion as a result of just beating Joe Gans, some sources credited McGovern with having taken the World Lightweight Crown as a result of winning the match by a TKO, but very few give him credit for the title today. On December 22, 1899, McGovern defeated Harry Forbes in what was billed by some sources as a World Featherweight match, but the bout was not widely recognized as one.McGovern knocked out Forbes in the second round at the New Broadway Athletic Club. Forbes went down after a terrific right-handed uppercut to the chin from McGovern, who was the aggressor throughout the short match. McGovern had beaten Forbes earlier in a 15th-round knockout in Brooklyn on October 1, 1898. World Featherweight Champ, 1900

McGovern moved up in weight from Bantam and captured the World Featherweight Championship from George Dixon on January 9, 1900, by scoring a technical knockout in the eighth round at the Broadway Athletic Club in New York. Dixon was not a favorite in the late betting. McGovern seemed to dominate from the sixth round on, using frequent straight, short-arm punches into Dixon's body and face. He eventually scored a knock down.The bout was ended when Dixon's manager threw in the sponge ending the match. The great lightweight Charlie White was in McGovern's corner for the bout. Some controversy existed among bettors when the officials ruled the fight a knockout when it technically was not, as no ten count was completed against Dixon. A betting controversy was inevitable, as one source wrote that the Dixon fight was "one of the heaviest betting bouts ever staged in America". Defenses of Feather Title
On June 12, 1900, McGovern defeated Tommy White at the Seaside Sporting Club in a decisive third-round knockout in Brooklyn, New York. After two minutes of fighting in the first round, the electric lighting in the club went out, nearly causing a panic among the crowd. Ten minutes later the lights went on again and the fighting resumed.An attendant fan, Frank Conlin, kept the crowd sedate by whistling a series of tunes. White was seriously outclassed in the battle, as he was knocked down once in the first round, twice in the second, and four times in the third. McGovern made no objection to White being 1/2 pound overweight at weigh in. Referee Johnny White did a full ten count against White in the third round to end the bout. On November 2, 1900, McGovern defeated the great New York Jewish featherweight Joe Bernstein in Louisville, Kentucky, in a World Featherweight Title fight. The bout ended in a seventh-round knockout. Bernstein was said to have "made a poor showing from the beginning."The fight was stopped by the referee George Siler when Bernstein could not rise in the eight round, after more than one knockdown, and a full eight count. McGovern scored a knockout over the legendary Black boxer Joe Gans in a non-title match on December 13, 1900. Gans claimed that he threw the fight. The issue of whether Gans had quit early and intentionally ended the fight was put to a Chicago District Attorney. Both fighters had warrants issued for their arrest for disturbing the peace which were thrown out the day after the fight. On April 30, 1901, before a crowd of 8,000, McGovern defeated Oscar Gardiner at the Mechanics Pavilion in San Francisco in a fourth-round knockout. They fought for a purse of $5,000 with the winner taking 75 percent.In the fourth round, Gardiner was knocked down three times before losing to a ten count after a blow to the stomach. Gardiner took a while to recover from the blows of McGovern after the count, and it was feared he was hurt seriously. In another defense of his World Featherweight Title, McGovern was credited with knocking out Aurelio Herrera in five rounds. Herrera afterwards claimed he had been doped during the fight. Loss of Feather Title, 1901

McGovern lost his World Featherweight Crown when he was stopped by Young Corbett II in two rounds on November 28, 1901. Corbett also won their rematch. Of their March 31, 1903, rematch in San Francisco, Young Corbett was said to have the best of the last three rounds of the 11th-round knockout.McGovern had only a slight lead in the first eight rounds, as well as only a slight lead in the early betting. On March 14, 1906, McGovern lost a lightweight match to Battling Nelson at the National Athletic Club in Philadelphia in a six-round newspaper decision. The fight was described as "one of the fastest and most vicious battles ever seen in the ring." In both the fourth and fifth rounds Nelson staggered McGovern with heavy lefts to the neck and jaw. Although McGovern landed repeatedly on Nelson, his blows did not slow the assault of his opponent. He did not appear to gain an advantage until the sixth round when he became the aggressor. The bout could not have a referee ruling on points, but the Minneapolis Journal and four local Philadelphia newspapers gave Nelson the advantage.McGovern finished his career with a record of 65 wins (42 KOs) 5 losses and 5 draws. As was common in that era, he also engaged in many No Decision bouts. In 2003, McGovern was named to the Ring Magazines list of 100 greatest punchers of all time. Boxing historian Nat Fleischer ranked McGovern as the greatest featherweight of all time. He had an estimated lifetime earnings of $203,000, which included his income as a vaudeville entertainer. Life after boxing

Like many boxers, McGovern lost some of his fortune betting on horses at the track before his retirement from boxing. He purchased a race horse and attempted to have one of his brothers ride as a jockey.He showed increasingly poor judgement in his betting as he slipped into mental illness. McGovern spent much of his later life in mental institutions, though he was able to intermittently work odd jobs. He was working as a ticket taker at the Grand Opera House in Brooklyn near the end of his life. Two months prior to his death he was visiting Camp Upton, a WW I military port of embarkation on Long Island when he took ill. He died of pneumonia and Bright's disease, a kidney ailment in the charity ward of King's County Hospital, Brooklyn, New York, on February 22, 1918, at the age of 38. He died relatively poor, considering his lifetime earnings. In his final years he lived on a pension given to him by his manager and promoter Sam Harris.Harris had been managing some of McGovern's remaining wealth as a trust fund, and was able to give a complete estate of $10,000 to McGovern's widow which included the home they had been living in when McGovern died. Harris looked after McGovern in his waning years, as did his friend Joe Humphries. McGovern was married and left one son, Joe, of 19 years, and had two surviving brothers, Philip and Hugh. His final service was at the Church of St. John the Evangelist, and he was subsequently buried at Holy Cross Cemetery in Brooklyn. Professional boxing record
All information in this section is derived from BoxRec, unless otherwise stated. Official record

All newspaper decisions are officially regarded as “no decision” bouts and are not counted to the win/loss/draw column. Unofficial record

Record with the inclusion of newspaper decisions to the win/loss/draw column.See also
List of bantamweight boxing champions

References

External links

 <mask>n - CBZ Profile
 <mask>n at Find a Grave

1880 births
1918 deaths
Bantamweight boxers
Irish male boxers
Featherweight boxers
World bantamweight boxing champions
World featherweight boxing champions
Vaudeville performers
American people of Irish descent
Deaths from pneumonia in New York (state)
Deaths from nephritis

masks:
Terrible Terry McGovern
John Terrence McGovern
Terry McGover
Terry McGover