title: Brian Kernighan

texts:
<mask> (; born 1942) is a Canadian computer scientist. He worked at Bell Labs and contributed to the development of Unix alongside Unix creators Ken Thompson and Dennis Ritchie. Kernighan's name became widely known through co-authorship of the first book on the C programming language (The C Programming Language) with Dennis Ritchie. Kernighan affirmed that he had no part in the design of the C language ("it's entirely Dennis Ritchie's work"). He authored many Unix programs, including ditroff. Kernighan is coauthor of the AWK and AMPL programming languages. The "K" of K&R C and of AWK both stand for "Kernighan".In collaboration with Shen Lin he devised well-known heuristics for two NP-complete optimization problems: graph partitioning and the travelling salesman problem. In a display of authorial equity, the former is usually called the Kernighan–Lin algorithm, while the latter is known as the Lin–Kernighan heuristic. Kernighan has been a Professor of Computer Science at Princeton University since 2000 and is the Director of Undergraduate Studies in the Department of Computer Science. In 2015, he co-authored the book The Go Programming Language. Early life and education

Kernighan was born in Toronto. He attended the University of Toronto between 1960 and 1964, earning his bachelor's degree in engineering physics. He received his Ph.D. in electrical engineering from Princeton University in 1969, completing a doctoral dissertation titled "Some graph partitioning problems related to program segmentation" under the supervision of Peter G. Weiner.Career and research
Kernighan has held a professorship in the Department of Computer Science at Princeton since 2000. Each fall he teaches a course called "Computers in Our World", which introduces the fundamentals of computing to non-majors. Kernighan was the software editor for Prentice Hall International. His "Software Tools" series spread the essence of "C/Unix thinking" with makeovers for BASIC, FORTRAN, and Pascal, and most notably his "Ratfor" (rational FORTRAN) was put in the public domain. He has said that if stranded on an island with only one programming language it would have to be C.

Kernighan coined the term "Unix" and helped popularize Thompson's Unix philosophy. Kernighan is also known as a coiner of the expression "What You See Is All You Get" (WYSIAYG), which is a sarcastic variant of the original "What You See Is What You Get" (WYSIWYG). Kernighan's term is used to indicate that WYSIWYG systems might throw away information in a document that could be useful in other contexts.In 1972, Kernighan described memory management in strings using "hello" and "world", in the programming language B, which became the iconic example we know today. Kernighan's original 1978 implementation of Hello, World! was sold at The Algorithm Auction, the world's first auction of computer algorithms. In 1996, Kernighan taught CS50 which is the Harvard University introductory course in Computer Science. Kernighan's was an influence on David J. Malan who subsequently taught the course and scaled it up to run at multiple universities and in multiple digital formats. Kernighan was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering in 2002 for contributions to software and to programming languages. He was also elected a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2019.Other achievements during his career include:

 The AMPL programming language
 The AWK programming language, with Alfred Aho and Peter J. Weinberger, and its book The AWK Programming Language
 ditroff, or "device independent troff", which allowed troff to be used with any device
 The Elements of Programming Style, with P. J. Plauger
 The first documented "Hello, world!" program, in Kernighan's "A Tutorial Introduction to the Language B" (1972)
 Ratfor
 Software Tools, a book and set of tools for Ratfor, co-created in part with P. J. Plauger
 Software Tools in Pascal, a book and set of tools for Pascal, with P. J. Plauger
 The C Programming Language, with C creator Dennis Ritchie, the first book on C
 The eqn typesetting language for troff, with Lorinda Cherry
 The m4 macro processing language, with Dennis Ritchie
 The pic typesetting language for troff
 The Practice of Programming, with Rob Pike
 The Unix Programming Environment, a tutorial book, with Rob Pike
 "Why Pascal is Not My Favorite Programming Language", a popular criticism of Niklaus Wirth's Pascal. Some parts of the criticism are obsolete due to ISO 7185 (Programming Languages - Pascal); the criticism was written before ISO 7185 was created. (AT&T Computing Science Technical Report #100)

Publications

 The Elements of Programming Style (1974, 1978) with P. J. Plauger
 Software Tools (1976) with P. J. Plauger
 The C Programming Language (1978, 1988) with Dennis M. Ritchie
 Software Tools in Pascal (1981) with P. J. Plauger
 The Unix Programming Environment (1984) with Rob Pike
 The AWK Programming Language (1988) with Alfred Aho and Peter J. Weinberger
 The Practice of Programming (1999) with Rob Pike
 AMPL: A Modeling Language for Mathematical Programming, 2nd ed. (2003) with Robert Fourer and David Gay
 D is for Digital: What a well-informed person should know about computers and communications (2011)
 The Go Programming Language (2015) with Alan Donovan
 Understanding the Digital World: What You Need to Know about Computers, the Internet, Privacy, and Security (2017)
 Millions, Billions, Zillions: Defending Yourself in a World of Too Many Numbers (2018)
 UNIX: A History and a Memoir (2019)

See also
 List of pioneers in computer science

References

External links

Brian Kernighan's home page at Bell Labs
"Why Pascal is Not My Favorite Programming Language" — By Brian Kernighan, AT&T Bell Labs, 2 April 1981
"Leap In and Try Things" — Interview with Brian Kernighan — on "Harmony at Work Blog", October 2009. An Interview with Brian Kernighan — By Mihai Budiu, for PC Report Romania, August 2000
  – Interview by
 Video — TechNetCast At Bell Labs: Dennis Ritchie and Brian Kernighan (1999-05-14)
Video (Princeton University, September 7, 2003) — "Assembly for the Class of 2007: 'D is for Digital and Why It Matters'"
 A Descent into Limbo by Brian Kernighan
 Photos of Brian Kernighan

 Video interview with Brian Kernighan for Princeton Startup TV  (2012-03-20)
 The Setup, Brian Kernighan

1942 births
Living people
Canadian computer scientists
Canadian computer programmers
Computer programmers
Inferno (operating system) people
Canadian people of Irish descent
Writers from Toronto
Plan 9 people
Princeton University School of Engineering and Applied Science alumni
Princeton University faculty
Programming language designers
Scientists at Bell Labs
Canadian technology writers
University of Toronto alumni
Unix people
C (programming language)
Members of the United States National Academy of Engineering
Berkman Fellows
Scientists from Toronto


title: Arthur Noble

type: original

texts:
<mask> (February 11, 1747) was a Lieutenant colonel in the colonial militia of the British Province of Massachusetts Bay. He is best known for his role in military actions in Nova Scotia during King George's War (the North American theater of the War of the Austrian Succession). He was killed in the Battle of Grand Pré. Early life
He was born in  Enniskillen, Ireland, and immigrated to Boston, Massachusetts, c. 1720 with the Lithgow family, being a close associate with Robert Lithgow. Both families entered the colonial militia and helped to ward off numerous attacks of French and Indians along the banks of Casco Bay and the Kennebec River during the War of the Austrian Succession and the conflicts that led to the French and Indian Wars. On December 14, 1725, <mask> married Sarah Macklin. Louisbourg expedition

<mask> was commissioned Lieutenant-Colonel of Col. Waldo's Regiment to be raised for the expedition to reduce the Fortress Louisbourg, one of the strongest forts in New France.Within fifty-six days, the New England provinces raised 4,300 men for the Louisburg Expedition. Waldo was made Brigadier-General and gave about a fourth of his command in charge to Col. <mask>. The fall of Louisburg on June 17, 1745, heightened the fears of the French that they might lose all of Canada. Battle of Grand Pré

In November 1746, <mask> headed to Georgetown "being bound on an expedition against the enemies of the King of Great Britain,". He served at Fort Richmond (Maine). He made his last will, which was proved in the spring of 1747. In it, he named as heirs his brothers, Francis and James, his daughter, Sarah (<mask>) Lithgow, and his son <mask>.He left a large estate, his personal property having been valued at about £8,000. After the fall of Louisbourg, this set the stage for the battle of Minas. The arrival of French troops in the Minas Basin at the top of the Bay of Fundy, and their subsequent establishment at Beaubassin, suggested to the Governor of Nova Scotia, Maj. Gen. Paul Mascarene, that the fortification of Grand-Pré was in danger. Thus, he petitioned Governor William Shirley of Massachusetts, for additional troops to be sent to Nova Scotia so that the French troops could be driven away and British authority could be affirmed. At Shirley's recommendation, it was resolved to send a reinforcement of five hundred troops, the units being divided into two divisions of 250 men. The first division was led by Captain Morris, who arrived on December 24, 1746. The second division, led by <mask>, arrived a month later.The troops were then quartered among the people of Grand-Pré, stationed in twenty-four houses. They considered themselves perfectly secure during the severe months of winter, and did not take basic security precautions. French intelligence reported the arrival of these New England reinforcements. Nicolas Antoine II Coulon de Villiers was assigned by de Ramezay to carry out a preemptive strike against Morris and <mask>'s men. The French Canadian force totaled six hundred troops, who were divided into ten divisions, each consisting of twenty-eight Canadians with an accompaniment of Indians. Coulon's own company had the strength of seventy-five men. The French army was about a mile and a half from their destination, when the attack was planned by Coulon, who knew precisely the New England troop's disposition.At two in the morning, on February 11, 1747, the French army left their bivouac, advancing through snow that had been falling for thirty hours, so that in certain areas, it was four feet (over one meter) deep. A raging storm of unusual severity had taken the night. It was so stormy that many of the New Englander troops were convinced that attack was impossible, thus deterring an active watch. It was three o'clock in the morning when the French army reached assault position. Owing to the thick falling snow, they were unseen until close upon the New England sentries. Despite the storm, their Acadian guides were unerring in leading the French Canadian army to the houses where the English troops were posted. It was reported that some shots were initially fired to alarm the others.However, Coulon's assault was so swift, the doors of the houses they attacked were easily forced opened, surprising <mask>'s troops in their beds. Colonel <mask> was killed early in the action, "fighting in his shirt", then mortally wounded by a musket ball to his forehead. Coulon was struck by a musket ball to his left arm leaving him faint from loss of blood. He was forced to retire his command to the chevalier de La Corne. He never recovered from that wound, and died from complications arising out of surgery to amputate that arm on April 3, 1750. The men offered what resistance was possible, however, it was ineffective. At five in the morning the attack ceased.So complete was the French Canadian surprise attack that six officers, including all of the <mask> brothers, were killed along with 70 of their men, 60 were wounded, and 54 taken prisoner. Of their enemy's casualties, only six Canadians were killed and fourteen wounded. At early daylight, La Corne sent a flag of truce to ask for an English surgeon to tend to one of their seriously wounded captains, since the French surgeon was absent with Coulon. This demand allowed hostages to be freed with hostilities being suspended until the surgeon's return. Thus, a truce was proposed at nine o'clock. The English were not prepared for the harsh winter conditions, not even having snow shoes. Therefore, it was impossible for them to advance.Even the French were greatly fatigued and attempted no offensive movement. According to William Kingsford, had the New England troops been accustomed to fight under such circumstances, and placed in the position to do so, the probability is that the French Canadians would have been exterminated. However, since the New England troops were powerless, unable to move a yard from the beaten path, the truce was accordingly accepted. Legacy

Both <mask> and his youngest brother, James, owned tracts of territory throughout the Walpole Settlement in the District of Maine, then just a small plantation of thirty able-bodied men. <mask>'s son, <mask> II inherited most of the territories, and established part of the settlement as Nobleborough to commemorate his father and his uncles who died in the Louisbourg Expedition or at Grand Pré. The American Irish Historical Society recognized the heroism of at least two <mask> brothers: "Thus died two of the most heroic soldiers of Irish birth and extraction [<mask> and <mask>], who took part in the Louisburg expedition. Both died, like so many other distinguished Irishmen, on the field of honor, in the defense of the rights of their adopted country."<mask> was survived by three children:
 Sarah (b.1726), who married Hon. William Lithgow. Lt. James (b.1728), who died at eighteen from a severe fever. <mask> (b.1737), who married Mary Goffe. namesake of Fort Noble, Phippsburg, Maine (1734 - unknown)

Sources
 History and genealogy of the family of <mask>, of Westfield. By Lucius Manlius Boltwood, 1878
 Volume 2 of The History of the State of Maine: From Its First Discovery, A. D. 1602, to the Separation, A. D. 1820. By William Durkee Williamson, 1839
 The history of Canada, Volume 3 By William Kingsford, 1889
 An account of the descendants of John Bridge, Cambridge, 1632 By William Frederick Bridge, 1884
 The Journal of the American Irish Historical Society, Vol.19, 1920
  William Goold. Col<mask> <mask>, of Georgetown. Collections of the Maine Historical Society. 1877
 Col. <mask>, of Georgetown. Fort Halifax. Col. William Vaughan ...By William Goold. 1881

References

External links
 The Genealogy of <mask>

1695 births
1747 deaths
People from County Fermanagh
Kingdom of Ireland emigrants to the Thirteen Colonies
British people of the War of the Austrian Succession
People of colonial Maine
People of colonial Massachusetts
People of British North America
People of pre-statehood Maine
People from Lincoln County, Maine
People from Georgetown, Maine
People of King George's War

masks:
Arthur Noble
Arthur Noble
Noble
Noble
Noble
Noble
Arthur II
Noble
Noble
Noble
Noble
Noble
Arthur
Arthur
Arthur
Noble
Arthur
James Noble
Arthur Noble
Arthur II
Thomas Noble
. Arthur
Noble
Arthur Noble
Thomas Noble


title: Christy Martin (boxer)

texts:
<mask> (; born June 12, 1968) is an American former professional boxer. Competing from 1989 to 2012, she held the WBC female super welterweight title in 2009. In 2010, <mask> was stabbed and shot by her trainer and husband, <mask>, who was subsequently found guilty of attempted second-degree murder and sentenced to 25 years in prison. Early life
<mask> was born in Mullens, West Virginia with the name <mask> and attended Mullens High School. She played various sports as a child including Little League baseball and all-state basketball. She attended Concord College in Athens, West Virginia on a basketball scholarship and earned a B.S. in education.Career
<mask> is said to be “the most successful and prominent female boxer in the United States” and the person who “legitimized” women’s participation in the sport of boxing. She began her career fighting in “Toughwoman” contests and won three consecutive titles. She then began training with boxing coach, <mask>, who became her husband in 1991. <mask> started her professional boxing career at the age of 21 with a six-round draw with Angela Buchanan in 1989. She had her first training under the direction of Charlie Sensabaugh of Daniels West Virginia. <mask> won a rematch with Buchanan one month later with a second round knockout. Andrea DeShong then beat <mask> in a five-round decision.<mask> then had nineteen consecutive wins, including two against Jamie Whitcomb and Suzanne Riccio-Major as well a rubber match win against Buchanan. On October 15, 1993, <mask> defeated Beverly Szymansky. <mask> won by knocking out Szymansky in three rounds. In her first title defense, she fought to a draw against debutante Laura Serrano in Las Vegas. <mask> defended her title six more times, including a rematch with Szymansky, a fourth fight with Buchanan and defenses versus Melinda Robinson and Sue Chase, winning all of them, before the fight that many credit for putting women's boxing on the sports fans' radar took place: On March 16, 1996, she and Deirdre Gogarty fought what many consider a great fight, in front of Showtime cameras. <mask> got the decision, and after that bout, she began to gain more celebrity, even appearing on the cover of Sports Illustrated once shortly afterwards. <mask> made a special guest appearance on the television show Roseanne in season 9, episode 6, "Pampered to a Pulp".<mask> won her next eight bouts including wins against Robinson, DeShong, Marcela Acuña and Isra Girgrah. <mask> lost her title in a 10-round decision loss to Sumya Anani in 1998. <mask> then won her next nine fights including wins against Belinda Laracuente, Sabrina Hall and Kathy Collins. <mask> won her next two fights by ten-round decisions against Lisa Holeywine and Mia St. John. In 2003 <mask> fought Laila Ali and lost by a knockout in the fourth round. <mask>'s next fight in 2005 was a second-round knockout against Lana Alexander in Lula, Mississippi. In 2005 a fight with Lucia Rijker, titled "Million Dollar Lady", was canceled because Rijker ruptured her Achilles during training.On September 16, 2005, in Albuquerque, New Mexico, <mask> lost a 10-round unanimous decision to Holly Holm. <mask> was beaten by the 23-year-old southpaw, with all three judges scoring for Holm. <mask> holds a record of 49 wins, 7 losses and 3 draws with 31 wins by knockout. She is a frequent visitor of the International Boxing Hall Of Fame annual induction ceremonies, and an avid autograph signer. She has fought on the undercard of boxers Mike Tyson, Evander Holyfield, Félix Trinidad and Julio César Chávez. <mask> was promoted by Don King. She was nicknamed The Coal Miner's Daughter in reference to her father's occupation.<mask> announced on January 19, 2011, that she would be fighting again in hopes of her 50th career win on the undercard of the Ricardo Mayorga vs Miguel Cotto Fight at the MGM Grand Hotel in Las Vegas, Nevada, on March 12, 2011, against Dakota Stone in a rematch of their 2009 Fight. The fight was postponed due to a rib injury to <mask>. The rescheduled rematch  took place June 4, 2011 at Staples Center in Los Angeles on the Julio Ceasr Chavez Jr. vs Sebastian Zbik undercard. Dakota Stone prevailed by TKO with :51 left as <mask> broke her right hand in 9 places on a punch in the 4th round and could not continue. In 2016, she became the first female boxer inducted into the Nevada Boxing Hall of Fame. That same year, Sports Illustrated reported that she was working 2 jobs, as a substitute teacher and helping military veterans find work, and that she was dealing with the after effects of her career, including dealing with lack of stamina and double vision. In 2020 she was inducted into the International Boxing Hall of Fame.Professional boxing record

Attempted murder
On November 23, 2010, <mask> was stabbed several times and shot at least once in her torso and left for dead by her husband, 66-year-old James V<mask>. The attack reportedly occurred after an argument in their Apopka home. She survived the attack. On November 30, <mask> was arrested and taken to Orlando Regional Medical Center after he stabbed himself. He was booked in Orange County Jail and charged with attempted first degree murder and aggravated battery with a deadly weapon. In April, 2012, <mask> was found guilty of attempted second-degree murder. He was sentenced two months later to 25 years in prison.He is currently serving his sentence at Graceville Correctional Facility in Graceville, Florida. Personal life
<mask> married former ring rival Lisa Holewyne on November 25, 2017. <mask> is the CEO of Christy Martin Promotions, a boxing promotion company that has promoted 13 events in North Carolina since 2016 and will be promoting boxing events in Jacksonville, Florida. References

External links
Official website
<mask> Female Boxer Biography

1968 births
Living people
American shooting survivors
American women boxers
Concord University alumni
Lesbian sportswomen
LGBT sportspeople from the United States
LGBT people from West Virginia
People from Apopka, Florida
People from Mullens, West Virginia
Sportspeople from Florida
Boxers from West Virginia
LGBT boxers
Light-middleweight boxers
21st-century LGBT people
21st-century American women

masks:
Christy Renea Martin
Martin
James Martin
Martin
Christy Salters
Martin
Jim Martin
Martin
Martin
Martin
Martin
Martin
Martin
Martin
Martin
Martin
Martin
Martin
Martin
Martin
Martin
Martin
Martin
Martin
Martin
Martin
Martin
Christy Martin
Martin
Christy Martin
. Martin
James Martin
James Martin
Christy
Christy
Christy Martin


title: Justin Brice Guariglia

texts:
<mask>, who is also known as <mask> (born 1974) is an American conceptual artist and a former photojournalist, whose work explores the relationship between humans and the natural world. <mask> frequently partners with scientists, poets and philosophers in his research based art practice that addresses climate change and the ecological crisis. Notably, this includes a series of seven missions he's flown with NASA scientists beginning in 2015 to document Greenland's rapidly changing ice, images which he's used as source material in his work. He is a former photographer and photojournalist in Asia for 20 years, his work had appeared in National Geographic, Smithsonian, and The New York Times, before he transitioned into an art practice in 2010. Biography
<mask> was born in 1974 and grew up in Maplewood, New Jersey. He attended Wake Forest University, graduating with a bachelor of arts degree in 1997. While attending Wake Forest University, he studied abroad initially in 1995 in Venice, Italy at Casa Artom and later in 1996 in Beijing, China at Capital Normal University.<mask> lived in Asia over a 20-year period, working as a documentary photographer for 15 of those years. In 2015, <mask> moved his studio from Asia back to Brooklyn, New York. In 2018, Sotheby's referred to <mask> as "one of the most prominent cultural figures working to address climate change." <mask> participated in For Freedoms, a Super PAC started by Hank Willis Thomas and Eric Gottesman, which launched a show at Jack Shainman Gallery in 2016. He also created a billboards as part of "For Freedoms 50," (2018) on view in Oklahoma City. In 2017–2018, Guariglia had his first solo exhibition, Earth Works: Mapping the Anthropocene at the Norton Museum of Art in West Palm Beach, Florida. Exhibitions and projects

Venice Biennale 2019
"Artists Need to Create on the Same Scale that Society Has the Capacity to Destroy: Mare Nostrum" (2019) curated by Phong Bui and Francesca Pietropaolo, is an official collateral event of the 58th International Art Exhibition—La Biennale di Venezia.The exhibition is located at the Chiesa di Santa Maria delle Penitenti in the Cannaregio section of Venice during the run of the Biennale Arte, from 11 May – 24 November 2019. Guariglia's contribution included a 2-meter neon artwork, "EXXTINCTION," a play on the classic ExxonMobil logo. "Artists Need to Create..." includes the work of 73 artists of international backgrounds whose works are in response to environmental crisis in the age of climate change, including Rirkrit Tiravanija, Jack Whitten, Dorothea Rockburne, Amy Sillman, Chuck Close, and others. REDUCE SPEED NOW! (2019)

Commissioned by Somerset House, "Reduce Speed Now!" (2019) brings together international perspectives on the world's ecological crisis. Using a series of large solar-powered LED signs usually seen on motorways, Guariglia foregrounds the voices of poets, philosophers, thinkers, activists, and global indigenous elders addressing our climate change, global warming, and extinction.Other writing includes excerpts from French philosopher and sociologist Bruno Latour’s provocative publications; aphorisms written by eco-theorist Timothy Morton; and Guariglia’s compiled list of 200 years of extinct species. WE ARE THE ASTEROID (2018–present)
Guariglia's "WE ARE THE ASTEROID," a series of solar-powered LED message boards that flash eco-aphorisms, debuted at Storm King Art Center in the 2018 exhibition entitled "Indicators: Artists on Climate Change." The project is part of an ongoing collaboration with eco-theorist Timothy Morton, who wrote the text for the work. Iterations of the project have appeared as public art installations in San Francisco, New York City, Chicago, Aspen, Houston. Climate Signals (2018)
Guariglia's citywide public art installation "Climate Signals" debuted September, 2018 in ten locations across the five boroughs of New York City. The project, which was presented by the Climate Museum, in conjunction with the New York City Mayor's Office, and the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation, and was designed to encourage dialogue on the issue of climate change. Climate Signals was reviewed by The New Yorker, The New York Times, The Washington Post, and The Guardian, among others.After Ice app (2017–present)
On Earth Day 2017, Guariglia launched "After Ice", a free iOS app visualizing sea-level rise based on projections from the IPCC and NASA. Earth Works: Mapping the Anthropocene (2017–present)
Guariglia's solo exhibition, Earth Works: Mapping the Anthropocene debuted at the Norton Museum of Art in September 2017. The museum was forced closed within hours of the show opening due to hurricane Irma, the irony of which was written about by The Washington Post. The exhibition has since traveled to the USC Fisher Museum of Art in conjunction with the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County. The show contains works derived from source materials collected on flights with NASA, in addition to other aerial topographic images Guariglia took of agriculture and mining in the landscape. Hyperobject (2017)
New York City fashion designers Abasi Rosborough collaborated with Guariglia to create "Hyperobject," a collection based on Guariglia's work, and named after Timothy Morton's book and neologism "Hyperobjects". The clothing is cut from organic and/or deadstock fabrics that feature Guariglia's art work.NASA (2015–2020)
<mask> has frequently collaborated with scientists, philosophers, and journalists in order to forge a deeper understanding of human impact on the planet. Notably, this includes a series of seven earth science missions he flew with NASA's Operation Ice Bridge scientists beginning in 2015, documenting Greenland's rapidly changing ice sheets and sea ice. The images became source material for work that debuted in Earth Works: Mapping the Anthropocene. Beginning in 2016, Guariglia joined with NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory scientist and OMG mission principal investigator Josh Willis as an artist collaborator. References

Further reading

Living people
1974 births
American artists
People from Maplewood, New Jersey
American expatriates in China
American expatriates in Taiwan
American expatriates in Hong Kong
Wake Forest University alumni
Artists from Brooklyn
American conceptual artists

masks:
Justin Brice Guariglia
Justin Brice
Brice
Justin Brice Guariglia
Guariglia
Brice
Guariglia
Guariglia
Guariglia


title: Lucy Parsons

texts:
<mask> (born Lucia Carter; 1851 – March 7, 1942) was an American labor organizer, radical socialist and anarcho-communist. She is remembered as a powerful orator. <mask> entered the radical movement following her marriage to newspaper editor <mask> and moved with him from Texas to Chicago, where she contributed to the newspaper he famously edited The Alarm. Following her husband's 1887 execution in conjunction with the Haymarket affair, <mask> remained a leading American radical activist, as a founder of the Industrial Workers of the World and member of other political organizations. Biography

Early life
<mask> was born Lucia Carter in Virginia in 1851. Her mother, Charlotte, was an African-American woman enslaved by a white man named Tolliver, who may have been <mask>'s father. In 1863, during the Civil War, Tolliver relocated to Waco, Texas with his slaves, dodging the enforcement of the Emancipation Proclamation that set January 1st, 1863 as the date all enslaved people would be free.Little is known about her life following the move to Texas. She worked as a seamstress and a cook for white families. <mask> lived with or was married to a former slave, Oliver Gathing, for a time prior to 1870. During this relationship, she had an infant which died at birth. In 1871, she married <mask>, a former Confederate soldier. They were forced to flee north from Texas in 1873 due to intolerant reactions to their interracial marriage. During the journey, <mask> altered her first name to <mask>.The couple settled in Chicago, Illinois. Organizing

Described by the Chicago Police Department as "more dangerous than a thousand rioters" in the 1920s, <mask> and her husband had become highly effective anarchist organizers primarily involved in the labor movement in the late 19th century, but also participating in revolutionary activism on behalf of political prisoners, people of color, the homeless and women. She began writing for The Socialist and The Alarm, the journal of the International Working People's Association (IWPA) that she and <mask>, among others, founded in 1883. <mask> worked closely with her friend and collaborator Lizzie Holmes in the early years of the 1880s, and the two of them led marches of working seamstresses in Chicago. In 1886 her husband, who had been heavily involved in campaigning for the eight-hour day, was arrested, tried, and executed on November 11, 1887, by the state of Illinois on charges that he had conspired in the Haymarket Riot — an event which was widely regarded as a political frame-up and which marked the beginning of May Day labor rallies in protest. <mask> was invited to write for the French anarchist journal Les Temps Nouveaux and spoke alongside William Morris and Peter Kropotkin during a visit to Great Britain in 1888. In 1892 she briefly published a periodical, Freedom: A Revolutionary Anarchist-Communist Monthly.She was often arrested for giving public speeches or distributing anarchist literature. While she continued championing the anarchist cause, she came into ideological conflict with some of her contemporaries, including Emma Goldman, over her focus on class politics over gender and sexual struggles. In 1905 she participated in the founding of the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW), and began editing the Liberator, an anarchist newspaper that supported the IWW in Chicago. <mask>'s focus shifted somewhat to class struggles around poverty and unemployment, and she organized the Chicago Hunger Demonstrations in January 1915, which pushed the American Federation of Labor, the Socialist Party, and Jane Addams' Hull House to participate in a huge demonstration on February 12. <mask> was also quoted as saying: "My conception of the strike of the future is not to strike and go out and starve, but to strike and remain in, and take possession of the necessary property of production." <mask> anticipated the sit-down strikes in the US and, later, workers' factory takeovers in Argentina. In 1925 she began working with the National Committee of the International Labor Defense in 1927, a communist-led organization that defended labor activists and unjustly-accused African Americans such as the Scottsboro Nine and Angelo Herndon.While it is commonly accepted by nearly all biographical accounts (including those of the Lucy Parsons Center, the IWW, and Joe Knowles) that <mask> joined the Communist Party in 1939, there is some dispute, notably in Gale Ahrens' essay "<mask>: Mystery Revolutionist, More Dangerous Than A Thousand Rioters". Ahrens points out that the obituary the Communist Party had published on her death made no claim that she had been a member. Conflict with Emma Goldman
Emma Goldman and <mask> represented different generations of anarchism. This resulted in ideological and personal conflict. Carolyn Ashbaugh has explained their disagreements in depth:

In 1908, after Captain Mahoney (of the New York City Police Department) crashed one of Goldman's lectures in Chicago, newspaper headlines read that every popular anarchist had been present for the spectacle, "with the single exception of <mask>, with whom Emma Goldman is not on the best of terms." Goldman reciprocated <mask>'s absence by endorsing Frank Harris' book The Bomb, which was a largely fictional account of the Haymarket Affair and its martyrs' road to death. (<mask> had published The Famous Speeches of the Haymarket Martyrs, a non-fictional, first-hand recounting of the Haymarket martyrs' final speeches in court.)<mask> was solely dedicated to working class liberation, condemning Goldman for "addressing large middle-class audiences"; Goldman accused <mask> of riding upon the cape of her husband's martyrdom. "[N]o doubt," Candace Falk wrote (Love, Anarchy, and Emma Goldman), "there was an undercurrent of competitiveness between the two women. Emma generally preferred center stage." Goldman planned on preserving her place in the spotlight as an American anarchist laureate by shoving risqué sexual and kinship discourse into "the center of a perennial debate among anarchists about the relative importance of such personal issues". In The Firebrand, <mask> wrote, "Mr. [Oscar] Rotter [a free love advocate] attempts to dig up the hideous 'Variety' grub and bind it to the beautiful unfolding blossom of labor's emancipation from wage-slavery and call them one and the same. Variety in sex relations and economic freedom have nothing in common." Goldman responded:

<mask> responded: "The line will be drawn sharply at personalities as we know these enlighten no one and do infinitely more harm than good."Goldman, in her autobiography, Living My Life, briefly mentioned the presence of "Mrs. <mask>, widow of our martyred <mask>", at a Chicago labor convention, noting that she "took an active part in the proceedings". Goldman later would acknowledge <mask> for becoming a socialist and anarchist, proceeding to praise him for having "married a young mulatto"; there was no further mention of <mask>. Death

<mask> continued to give fiery speeches in Chicago's Bughouse Square into her 80s, where she inspired Studs Terkel. One of her last major appearances was a speech to striking workers at International Harvester (the successor to the McCormick Harvesting Machine Company, whose striking workers played a role in the Haymarket Affair) in February 1941. <mask> died on March 7, 1942, in a house fire in the Avondale Community Area of Chicago. Her lover, George Markstall, died the next day from injuries he received while trying to save her. She was approximately 91 years old.After her death, police seized her library of over 1,500 books. She is buried near her husband at Waldheim Cemetery (now Forest Home Cemetery), near the Haymarket Martyrs' Monument in Forest Park, Illinois. Origins and ethnicity
<mask> refused to speak about her private life or origins. When asked for details about her history, she declared "I am not a candidate for office, and the public have no right to my past. I amount to nothing to the world and people care nothing of me. I am battling for a principle." This stance has made research into her origins difficult for historians.<mask> specifically denied that she was a child of a former slave of African descent, claiming that she was born in Texas and her parents were Mexican and Native American. She described herself as a “Spanish-Indian maiden” to explain her dark complexion. These personal myths persisted after her death: on her death certificate, her parents' names were listed as Pedro Díaz and Marites González, both born in Mexico. Legacy, tributes and memorials

The Lucy Parsons Center was founded in 1970 in Boston, Massachusetts. It continues as a collectively-run radical bookstore and infoshop. In the 1990s, a local Chicago artist installed a memorial to <mask> in Wicker Park. In 2004, the city of Chicago named a park for <mask>.On July 16, 2007, a book that purportedly belonged to <mask> was featured on a segment of the PBS television series, History Detectives. During the segment it was determined that the book, which was a biography of <mask>' co-defendant August Spies' life and trial, was most likely a copy published and sold by <mask> as a means of raising money to prevent her husband's execution. The segment also provided background on <mask>' life and the Haymarket Affair. On October 15, 2015, a copy of William Morris's Signs of Change: Seven Lectures Delivered on Various Occasions was sold at auction in England. It was inscribed "To <mask> <mask> from William Morris November 15, 1888", bore a "Property of Federal Bureau of Investigation US Department of Justice" stamp, and a "Surplus Library of Congress Duplicate" stamp; some of its pages showed traces of smoke damage. In 2016, The Nation magazine released free and online a short film by animator Kelly Gallagher about <mask>, "More Dangerous Than a Thousand Rioters: The Revolutionary Life of <mask>." The organization Lucy Parsons Labs is a Chicago-based organization focused on digital rights and on-the-streets activism.In 2016 the organization released documents tracking the Chicago Police Department's use of cell-site simulators that connect to passer-by cellphones and store data for potential law enforcement use. References

Works
 "A Word to Tramps," The Alarm, vol. 1, no. 1 (October 4, 1884), p. 1. "An Interview With <mask> on the Prospects for Anarchism in America," St. Louis Post-Dispatch, vol. 37, no. 95 (October 21, 1886), p. 4.Further reading
 Carolyn Ashbaugh, <mask>: American Revolutionary. Chicago: Charles H. Kerr Publishing Co., 1976. Paul Avrich, The Haymarket Tragedy. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1984. Gale Ahrens, <mask>: Freedom, Equality, & Solidarity, Writings and Speeches, 1878-1937. Charles H. Kerr Publishing. 2003.Paul Buhle and Nicole Schulman, Wobblies! A Graphic History of the Industrial Workers of the World. New York: Verso, 2005. Jacqueline Jones, Goddess of Anarchy: The Life and Times of <mask>, American Radical. New York: Basic Books, 2017. Dave Roediger and Franklin Rosemont (eds. ), A Haymarket Scrapbook.Chicago: Charles H. Kerr Publishing Co., 1986. Keith Rosenthal, "<mask>: 'More Dangerous Than a Thousand Rioters'", Joan of Mark, September 6, 2011. "<mask> Is Burned to Death in Chicago; Husband Was Hanged After Haymarket Riot", the New York Times, March 8, 1942, p. 36. External links

 The Lucy Parsons Center, a radical bookstore in Boston, Massachusetts

Carolyn Ashbaugh Research Papers at the Newberry Library
Lucy Parsons Labs, a Chicago-based digital rights organization

1850s births
1942 deaths
19th-century African-American activists
20th-century African-American activists
20th-century American women writers
Accidental deaths in Illinois
Activists from Chicago
African-American anarchists
African-American communists
American anti-capitalists
American anti-fascists
American socialists
American women activists
American women journalists
Anarcha-feminists
Anarcho-communists
Burials at Forest Home Cemetery, Chicago
Communist women writers
Deaths from fire in the United States
Industrial Workers of the World leaders
Industrial Workers of the World members
Leaders of American trade unions
People from Chicago
Year of birth uncertain
American revolutionaries
American communists
Members of the Communist Party USA

masks:
Lucy Eldine Gonzalez Parsons
Parsons
Albert Parsons
Parsons
Lucy Parsons
Lucy
Parsons
Albert Parsons
Parsons
Lucy
Parsons
Parsons
Parsons
Parsons
Lucy
Parsons
Parsons
Parsons
Lucy Parsons
Lucy Parsons
Lucy Parsons
Parsons
Parsons
Parsons
Parsons
Parsons
Parsons
Lucy Parsons
Albert Parsons
Albert Parsons
Lucy Parsons
Parsons
Parsons
Parsons
Parsons
Parsons
Parsons
Lucy Parsons
Albert Parsons
Parsons
Parsons
Lucy E
Parsons
Lucy Parsons
Lucy Parsons
Lucy Parsons
Lucy Parsons
Lucy Parsons
Lucy Parsons
Lucy Parsons
Lucy Parsons


title: Ryan Harrison

texts:
<mask> (born May 7, 1992) is an American professional tennis player. <mask> has won one career ATP title in singles at the 2017 Memphis Open to go along with four in doubles, including the 2017 French Open. Before turning 16, <mask> was regarded a prodigy after cracking the top 10 in the junior rankings and becoming one of the youngest players ever to win an ATP match. Although he broke through onto the ATP level by the age of 20, <mask> then fell out of the top 100 for several years. He since returned to the top 100 in 2016 after a strong second half of the season that included multiple wins over opponents ranked in the top 20 and his first career appearance in the round of 32 at a Grand Slam. <mask> built on that momentum in 2017 to reach a top-40 career high ranking in singles after winning his first career ATP title. Personal life
<mask> began playing tennis at age 2 and was coached by his father, <mask>, who had a brief career as a professional, playing predominantly Challenger and Futures events.<mask> is an alumnus of IMG Academy and is currently coached by USTA. He is currently signed with IMG Academy. <mask> has a younger brother named Christian who currently plays tennis on ATP Challenger Tour. Christian joined <mask> to play doubles together at the 2012 US Open, where they reached the quarterfinals. He also has a younger sister named Madison who played at Mississippi State University. On March 5, 2016, <mask> announced his engagement to Lauren McHale, the sister of fellow tennis player Christina McHale. <mask> married Lauren McHale in April of the following year in Austin, Texas.Controversial comments
During competition in the 2018 New York Open, <mask> was charged by competitor Donald Young with making racist comments during their match. After an investigation, the ATP found no evidence that racist comments had been made. Junior career
As a junior, <mask> compiled a 60–24 win/loss record in singles, reaching as high as No. 7 in the world (achieved in April 2008). Junior Slam results:

Australian Open: SF (2008)
French Open: 3R (2008)
Wimbledon: 2R (2008)
US Open: 3R (2008)

Before he went to the junior circuit, <mask> trained at the John Newcombe Tennis Ranch in New Braunfels, TX. His first junior Grand Slam was the 2007 US Open, where as a wildcard, at the age of 15, he lost in the first round to a qualifier. Going into the next Grand Slam, the 2008 Australian Open, he was seeded fourth, and lost to Yang Tsung-hua in the semifinals.<mask> failed to produce in the next three Grand Slams, losing in the third round of the 2008 French Open, the second round in 2008 Wimbledon, and the third round in the 2008 US Open, a competition in which his younger brother Christian also competed. Although at this point <mask> was only 16, and as such was eligible to play juniors for another two years, it would be his final junior Grand slam. Tennis career

2007-2008: Early years
<mask> is notable for being the third-youngest player since 1990, after Richard Gasquet and Rafael Nadal, to have won an ATP level match, defeating world no. 130 Pablo Cuevas in the 2008 U.S. Men's Clay Court Championships. Entering the tournament as a qualifier ranked no. 1000, he was only the tenth player in the history of the ATP Tour to have won a match before turning 16. This puts <mask> among an elite group and makes him the youngest American to accomplish this feat since Michael Chang.<mask> played mainly futures tournaments in order to increase his ranking. <mask> competed in the qualifying tournament for the 2008 Cincinnati Masters, and the 2008 US Open, but lost in the first round in both. <mask> would finish 2008 ranked no. 742 in singles. 2009
<mask> did not compete in any tournaments until late April in 2009. As a wildcard, he made it to the quarterfinals of a Challenger tournament in Sarasota. In June, <mask> would win his first futures title, defeating another rising star Filip Krajinović in the final.Having not defended the points from the Clay Court Championships, these points took <mask>'s ranking to 706. <mask> would again try his luck in both the Cincinnati and US Open qualifying, and once again lost in the first round in both. After this, <mask> went to two consecutive Futures finals, losing the first to Michael McClune, and winning the second against Richard Bloomfield. This would put <mask>'s ranking at 371 in the world. Directly after that final, <mask> made it to the semifinals of a Challenger tournament in Sacramento, losing to Jesse Levine. <mask> finished the year ranked no. 364.2010
<mask> played in a playoff against other Americans to decide who would receive America's wildcard into the 2010 Australian Open. <mask> defeated Alex Kuznetsov and Donald Young in two sets before defeating Jesse Levine in three straight sets. Once in the draw, <mask> lost in the first round to Janko Tipsarević in straight sets. At this point, <mask> began competing in some bigger tournaments. First he received a wildcard into the 2010 SAP Open, where he lost to eventual semifinalist Denis Istomin in the first round. Next, <mask> went through qualifying to face John Isner in the first round of the 2010 Regions Morgan Keegan Championships. <mask> lost in straight sets to the eventual finalist.Afterwards, <mask> went through qualifying in the 2010 Delray Beach International Tennis Championships, before losing to eventual champion Ernests Gulbis in the first round. <mask> received a wildcard for the 2010 BNP Paribas Open, where he defeated Taylor Dent in the first round, before losing to the eventual winner Ivan Ljubičić. Having lost early, <mask> competed in the BMW Tennis Championship, where he lost in the first round. After receiving another wildcard into the 2010 Sony Ericsson Open, he lost in the first round to Michaël Llodra. <mask> played in a few Challengers afterwards without any major results. In May, now ranked no. 263 in the world, <mask> entered the qualifying tournament for the 2010 French Open, after having lost in the final of the US Wildcard Playoff to <mask>.<mask> lost in the final round of qualifying to Stefano Galvani. <mask> competed in the prestigious Queen's Championship, but lost in the first round to Jesse Levine. Next, <mask> competed in Wimbledon qualifying, but lost in the first round to up-and-coming Lithuanian Ričardas Berankis. Having not gained any points on his favorite surface, <mask> decided to compete in the 2010 Hall of Fame Tennis Championships. He defeated sixth seed Karol Beck, before defeating seventeen-year-old Denis Kudla. He then lost to Richard Bloomfield of Great Britain. <mask> qualified for the US Open and defeated the 15th seed Ivan Ljubičić in the first round for his first win in a Grand Slam tournament.In the second round, <mask> fell to Sergey Stakhovsky in a grueling 5-setter, after failing to convert three match points when up 6–3 in the fifth set tiebreak. He opted to stay in the U.S. instead of heading to Asia and trying to qualify into main tour events. He had a relatively successful fall on the Challenger tour, making the final in Tiburon, the quarterfinals in Calabasas, the second round in Charlottesville, and the second round in Bratislava where he defeated ATP no. 93 Dustin Brown. 2011: Top 100 debut
<mask> lost to Adrian Mannarino in straight sets in the first round of the 2011 Australian Open. <mask> won the 2011 Honolulu Challenger, beating Alex Kuznetsov in the final. He won the doubles title as well.He ousted 22nd-seeded Guillermo García-López in the second round of the 2011 BNP Paribas Open at Indian Wells, California, as a wild card. In the third round, he defeated Canadian up-and-comer Milos Raonic in a tight three-setter to set up a fourth-round confrontation with world no. 3 Roger Federer, which <mask> lost. At the 2011 French Open, Robin Söderling (seeded fifth) beat <mask>, but the young American was able to take a set off the two-time French Open finalist. His next tournament was Queen's in London, where he was given a wild card. However, he lost in the first round to Michael Berrer in three close sets, 6–7, 6–2, 5–7. He then competed in the qualifying competition for Wimbledon, in which he reached the final round but lost in five sets to Cedrik-Marcel Stebe.He, however, received a spot in the main Wimbledon draw as a lucky loser. He beat Ivan Dodig in the first round. He faced seventh seed David Ferrer in the second round, losing in a five-set match that lasted two days. With partner Matthew Ebden, he won the doubles tournament at the 2011 Campbell's Hall of Fame Tennis Championships in July. <mask> made his first ATP semifinal in Atlanta, where he lost to eventual champion Mardy Fish. This performance shot him into the top 100 for the first time, at no. 94.He followed this by another semifinal appearance in Los Angeles just the week after where Fish once again stopped him in three sets. As a result, his ranking jumped to world no. 82. His next tournament was Washington, D.C., where he lost to Viktor Troicki in the second round. He was also granted a wildcard to participate in the Cincinnati Masters. He lost to Novak Djokovic (no. 1 in the world) in the second round.By year's end, he had scored wins over Victor Hanescu and Troicki, and he had risen to no. 79 in the world rankings. 2012
During the Australian summer, <mask> lost in the first and second rounds of Brisbane and Auckland, respectively. At the Australian Open, he lost in the first round to world no. 4 Andy Murray, after taking the first set. In February, <mask> made his third appearance in the semifinals in San Jose, where he lost to eventual winner Milos Raonic. In April, <mask> lost his inaugural Davis Cup matches to France's Jo Wilfried Tsonga and Gilles Simon.Despite <mask>'s two losses, the U.S. still advanced to the semifinals, where the team faced Spain in September 2012 and lost. <mask> played for the Philadelphia Freedoms of World Team Tennis in the summer as their 2012 wild-card player. It was his first season playing for WTT. <mask> played with the Freedoms in their home matches on July 11 and 14 at The Pavilion at Villanova University, and traveled with the team to face the New York Sportimes on July 13. <mask> lost to Novak Djokovic in straight sets in the second round of the 2012 Wimbledon Championships. <mask> participated in singles at the 2012 Summer Olympics. He lost in the first round to Santiago Giraldo of Colombia.An article in The New York Times made more note of his behavior than his tennis, reporting: "Though the match was considered winnable for <mask>, the loss itself will be less remembered than <mask>’s petulant behavior as the match slipped away." 2013

<mask> started off the year strong with a victory over John Isner at the Apia International Sydney. At the Australian Open he beat Santiago Giraldo before only winning six games against Novak Djokovic. <mask> won his first match at the French Open against Andrey Kuznetsov. <mask> reached the semifinals of the BB&T Atlanta Open, where he lost at the hands of Kevin Anderson. 2014
<mask> had a frustrating year in 2014. After qualifying in Brisbane and Sydney, he exited in the first round of both tournaments at the hands of Sam Groth and Nicolas Mahut, respectively.He entered the main draw directly at the Australian Open, but again went down in the first round, this time to Gaël Monfils. He then played a couple of Challenger events, but failed to advance beyond the second round even there. In Memphis and Delray Beach, he made it to the second round with victories over Björn Phau and Yen-Hsun Lu, but then lost to Alex Bogomolov Jr. and Marin Čilić. <mask> made the second round in Indian Wells and Miami with victories over Andrey Golubev and Federico Delbonis and reached the quarterfinals of a Challenger event in March, as well. However, he failed to qualify in Madrid and the French Open. He did not qualify at the Queen's Club, but he did qualify at Wimbledon, only to make another first-round exit at the hands of Grigor Dimitrov. He then went down in the first round in Newport, Rhode Island and Atlanta at the hands of eventual champion Lleyton Hewitt in Newport and fellow American Tim Smyczek in Atlanta.Consequently, <mask>'s ranking plummeted to no. 190. 2015

<mask> won the Happy Valley Challenger after defeating Marcos Baghdatis in the final. At the 2015 Abierto Mexicano Telcel, he received a spot in qualifying as an alternative. He defeated Adrián Menéndez-Maceiras in straight sets, before qualifying to beat countryman Michael Russell in straight sets. In the first round, <mask> defeated another countryman Donald Young, after Young retired in the third set. In the second round, <mask> scored a huge upset as he took down his first top-ten opponent Grigor Dimitrov.<mask> continued his run as he defeated Croatian Ivo Karlovic in the quarterfinals. <mask> eventually lost to Spaniard David Ferrer in three sets in the semifinals. <mask> scored 200 ATP points in Acapulco, which rocketed his ranking up from 169 to 109. At the 2015 Cincinnati Masters, he lost to Thanasi Kokkinakis in the qualifying round. 2016: Resurgence
<mask> began his resurgence in the summer by reaching the round of 16 in both the Citi Open, an ATP 500 event, and the Rogers Cup in Toronto, an ATP 1000 Masters event. At the US Open, he achieved the biggest win of his career by knocking off 5th-seeded Milos Raonic to reach the 3rd round of a grand slam for the first time ever. With this run, he returned to the Top 100 for the first time in several years.Playing for the San Diego Aviators, <mask> was named 2016 World TeamTennis Male Most Valuable Player. He led the league in winning percentage in men's singles and was also second in men's doubles behind teammate Raven Klaasen. The 2016 Aviators won the King Trophy as WTT champions. 2017: Maiden ATP title, French Open doubles title, top 40 debut, second ATP final

<mask> won his first match at the Australian Open over Frenchman Nicolas Mahut 6–3, 6–4, 6–2, marking the first time he made the second round at the tournament since 2013. He then fell in straight sets to Tomáš Berdych. <mask> reached the final of the RBC Tennis Championships of Dallas and defeated Taylor Fritz in straight sets, winning his fourth Challenger title. In his next tournament, <mask> followed up on that success by reaching both the singles and doubles finals at the Memphis Open.This was his first singles final, having lost in the semifinals on seven previous occasions. Although he would lose the doubles final with Steve Johnson, <mask> defeated Nikoloz Basilashvili in the singles final to win his first career title. Between his back-to-back titles at the RBC Tennis Championships of Dallas and the Memphis Open, he did not drop a set at either tournament. At the French Open, <mask> teamed with Michael Venus to win the men's doubles title. <mask> reached a career-high ranking of No. 40 on 17 July 2017. Two weeks later he made his second final of 2017 at the 2017 Atlanta Open, losing to John Isner.2018: Two ATP singles and one doubles finals
<mask> started 2018 by making the final of the 2018 Brisbane International before losing to Nick Kyrgios 6–4, 6–2. He also made the final in 2018 BB&T Atlanta Open losing to John Isner. At the same tournament he reached the doubles final partnering Rajeev Ram. 2020-2021: Return to tour in 2020, first ATP win since 2019 and doubles final at Delray Beach
He made his return to the tour at the 2020 Delray Beach Open as a wildcard after being out due to surgery and won his first match since April 2019 in Houston defeating Damir Dzumhur. In 2021, he reached the doubles final also as a wildcard in Delray Beach partnering his brother <mask>. World TeamTennis
<mask> has played three seasons with World TeamTennis, making his debut in 2016 with the San Diego Aviators. He was named the 2016 WTT Male MVP, after recording the highest Men's Singles winning percentage (.608), and the second highest winning percentage in Men's Doubles (.586).He has since played another two seasons for the Aviators (2017-2018). It was announced he will be joining the San Diego Aviators during the 2020 WTT season set to begin July 12. Playing style
<mask> relies on an explosive serve and a counterpunching game from the baseline. He is also known for a strong forehand and for having a strong second serve, both in pace and kick. Significant finals

Grand Slam finals

Doubles: 1 (1 title)

ATP career finals

Singles: 4 (1 title, 3 runners-up)

Doubles: 7 (4 titles, 3 runner-ups)

Performance timelines

Singles
Current through the 2021 Delray Beach Open. Doubles

Wins over top 10 players

References

External links

1992 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Shreveport, Louisiana
American male tennis players
People from Austin, Texas
Tennis people from Louisiana
Tennis people from Texas
Tennis players at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Olympic tennis players of the United States
French Open champions
Grand Slam (tennis) champions in men's doubles

masks:
Ryan Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Pat Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Ryan
Ryan Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Ryan
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Ryan Sweeting
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Harrison
Christian Harrison
Harrison
Harrison


title: Dennis Canavan

texts:
<mask>  (born 8 August 1942) is a Scottish politician. He was the Member of Parliament for Falkirk West from 1974 to 2000 (known as West Stirlingshire from 1974 to 1983), first as a member of the Labour Party, and then as an Independent. He then served as an Independent Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) for Falkirk West from 1999 to 2007. In 2014, he was the chair of the Advisory Board of Yes Scotland, the campaign for independence in the 2014 Scottish independence referendum. Early life
Born in Cowdenbeath, <mask> was educated at St. Bride's and St. Columba's Schools, Cowdenbeath, St Andrew's College, Drygrange, and at the University of Edinburgh. He worked as a schoolteacher from 1968 until 1974 and was Assistant Head of Holy Rood High School Edinburgh at the time of his first election to Parliament. <mask> was also head of the maths department at St Modans High in Stirling.Career

British Parliament
He was leader of the Labour Party Group on Stirling District Council in 1974 and, in October of that year, was elected as Labour Member of Parliament (MP) for West Stirlingshire. Following boundary changes, he was MP for Falkirk West from 1983 to 2000. He was Chair of the Scottish Parliamentary Labour Group, 1980 – 1981. In 1975, he tried introducing a bill to abolish corporal punishment in schools and his efforts formed part of the case presented to the European Commission of Human Rights which led eventually to abolition. He voted against the Blair Government's proposals to cut benefits for children of lone parents, abolish Student Grants and introduce tuition fees. A keen sports enthusiast, he was founder and Convener of the Scottish Sports Group at Westminster and the Cross-Party Sports Group in the Scottish Parliament. He has completed a marathon in less than three hours and the Ben Nevis Race in just over two hours.He won a gold medal, playing for Scotland in the British Universities Football Championships in 1967. In his book The Final Whistle?, Harry Reid claims that <mask> took part in the 1977 Wembley pitch invasion after Scotland beat England and ripped up a patch of the turf. He takes an active interest in international affairs and served as a member of the House of Commons Select Committees on Foreign Affairs and International Development. He is still a member of the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament and Amnesty International and is interested in conflict resolution. He chaired the Northern Ireland Committee of the Parliamentary Labour Party from 1989 to 1997, and led several Parliamentary delegations to Ireland during The Troubles. He served on the British-Irish Inter-Parliamentary Body from 1992 to 2000. As a member of the European and External Relations Committee of the Scottish Parliament, he was author of a report on the potential for co-operation between Scotland and Ireland.He has frequently spoken out against sectarianism and racism. Scottish Parliament
Throughout his political life, <mask> played a leading part in the campaign for a Scottish Parliament. When Labour was in opposition, he led a nationwide consultation about devolution, on behalf of the Scottish Group of Labour MPs, leading to the publication of a bill to establish a Scottish Parliament with revenue-raising powers. However, in 1999, when the first elections to the Scottish Parliament were held, the New Labour leadership rejected him as an official Labour candidate, despite the fact that he had the support of 97% of local party members. He therefore stood as an Independent, and was consequently expelled from the party. Although there were rumours he would join the Scottish National Party, he did not join another party. He won with almost 55 percent of the vote, the highest majority of any MSP in the 1999 election.He resigned his Westminster seat in 2000 to concentrate on representing his constituents in the Scottish Parliament. <mask> retained his Holyrood seat in 2003 with 55.7 percent of the vote, again with the biggest majority in Scotland. In the Scottish Parliament, he was a member of the European and External Relations Committee and Convener of the All-Party Sports Group from 1999. In 2003 he criticised the Scottish football authorities when Falkirk Football Club was refused promotion to the Scottish Premier League, despite having won the First Division Championship. He supported Falkirk's efforts to build a new stadium for community use and he still regularly attends the club's matches. He is also Honorary President of Milton Amateurs Football Club. <mask> enjoys hill-walking and, in the Scottish Parliament, he championed the people's right of access to the countryside, successfully introducing amendments to the Land Reform (Scotland) Bill to extend the right of access to country estates, including land belonging to the Queen.He is now President of Ramblers Scotland. He is a strong supporter of the idea of a national holiday to celebrate St Andrew's Day, and his bill to achieve this was eventually passed as the St. Andrew's Day Bank Holiday (Scotland) Act 2007. Retirement
When he announced his retirement before the 2007 Scottish Parliament elections, he was the longest serving parliamentarian in the Scottish Parliament, having completed a combined 33 years at Westminster and Holyrood. After this announcement he received an ovation in the Chamber of the Scottish Parliament from other MSPs and was praised by the First Minister Jack McConnell as "an outstanding parliamentarian over a long, long period of time". In April 2010, <mask> declared his support for John McNally, the Scottish National Party candidate for Falkirk in the 2010 general election. Falkirk is the successor to Canavan's former Westminster constituency. He has honorary doctorates from the Universities of Stirling and Strathclyde.In recognition of his public service, Falkirk Council launched the <mask> Scholarship to encourage young people to go on to further or higher education and to use their talents to help others. Personal life
<mask>'s marriage to Elnor <mask> ended in divorce. They had four children, all of whom predeceased him; he also has a son with his partner. Autobiography
His autobiography, Let the People Decide, was published by Birlinn in September 2009. ()

References

External links

 <mask> MSP Biography at personal website
 The colourful MSP calls it a day BBC profile

1942 births
Living people
People from Cowdenbeath
Alumni of the University of Edinburgh
Scottish schoolteachers
Scottish Labour councillors
Scottish Labour MPs
Independent members of the House of Commons of the United Kingdom
UK MPs 1974–1979
UK MPs 1979–1983
UK MPs 1983–1987
UK MPs 1987–1992
UK MPs 1992–1997
UK MPs 1997–2001
Confederation of Health Service Employees-sponsored MPs
European democratic socialists
Scottish autobiographers
Independent MSPs
Members of the Scottish Parliament 1999–2003
Members of the Scottish Parliament 2003–2007
Politics of Falkirk (council area)

masks:
Dennis Andrew Canavan
Canavan
Canavan
Canavan
Canavan
Canavan
Canavan
Canavan
Dennis Canavan
Canavan
Canavan
Dennis Canavan


title: Gilbert de Lyvet

texts:
<mask> (died ca. 1244) was an early Anglo-Norman nobleman and merchant who became one of the earliest Mayors of Dublin. He donated extensive properties to the Cathedral of the Holy Trinity in Dublin, acted as witness for early gifts to the cathedral, and was a partisan for the Bigods, the <mask>s, the <mask>ys and other Norman magnates. Biography

Early life
The birthplace of <mask>vet is unknown, although he was likely born in Sussex, England, where the Levett family had their seat from about the time of the Norman Conquest. The family later became Lords of the Manor of Firle, Sussex, and received extensive grants of land across the south of England. They were sublords of the <mask>rrers family, originating from the village of Livet in Normandy within the original de Ferrers barony. Mayor
<mask>vet was a citizen of Dublin from 1229-1244.He served as Mayor of Dublin for four one-year terms, 1233–1234, 1235–1236, and was re-elected for a third term from 1236-1237. <mask>vet was frequently engaged in business in the city, and was a partisan of the most powerful Norman lords of Ireland. He was a witness to a 1210 gift by <mask> Clare, 4th Countess of Pembroke to The Cathedral of the Holy Trinity, in honour of her father <mask> Clare, 2nd Earl of Pembroke, whose 'Strongbow' tomb is within the Cathedral. <mask> was also a merchant with wide trading interests, and old Irish records note that he often traded with France using his own ships. He is frequently in Latin charters relating to church business in Dublin. <mask>vet acted in state matters involving the King of Connaught, the De Clares, the le Bruns, the De Burghs, Dermot MacMurrough, the Marshals and others. In 1234, <mask>vet and his wife also made gifts of land, including a "stone hall and cellars outside the King's gate" to the Holy Trinity Church, today's Cathedral of the Holy Trinity. <mask> and his wife lived in a stone hall not far from the church itself, "without the King's Gate."<mask>vet owned land on nearby Castle Street as well. Family
<mask> founded a family which succeeded him in Ireland, and for a time his became among the most powerful Anglo-Irish families. The patriarch mayor died before 1244, and he and his wife Sibilla are buried within Holy Trinity Church. Their daughter Elena is mentioned in the Register of the Hospital of St. John the Baptist in Dublin outside the New Gate. <mask> Livet, probably <mask>'s father but possibly a brother, was involved in a Dublin dispute in 1200 which escalated into violence. Involved were some of the most powerful Norman magnates including the le Brun Lusignan family, <mask> Winchester, William Warenne and others. A murder charge resulted from the fracas involving the group.Son
<mask> Lyvet, likely <mask>'s son, owned a "great stone hall" in the city, according to contemporaneous records. Sir <mask> Lyvet, Knight, probably also a son of <mask>, was identified in early records as a "kinsman" of William Brun, one of Dublin's most important citizens. In 1278, Sir <mask>, Knight, is listed in a petition of Maurice FitzMaurice to the King and Council. Sir <mask> was also an active businessman in the city. <mask>, probably either a son or grandson of <mask>, was named by Roger Bigod, 5th Earl of Norfolk and marshall of England, as Bigod's Irish attorney for the year in which Bigod would be away in Wales on the King's business. <mask>t family
Documents from the late twelfth and early thirteenth centuries show that the <mask>t family was active in Ireland, frequently being named in Royal writs and orders. In September 1215, for instance, <mask> Livet was named in a Royal order requiring him and several others to go to the King of Connaught and collect fees and fines from him due to the English crown.Other documents from the same century show <mask> Livet, <mask> Livet and other members of the family frequently acting on behalf of the King, or deputized to adjudicate disputes. In one case, the King even commands Earl William Marshall of Ireland to permit a servant of <mask> Livet, citizen of Dublin, to retain a ship he had captured as part of the capture of La Rochelle, France. Subsequent documents over the next century saw the family's influence still strong. After <mask> Roche was beheaded for his betrayal for siding with the Scots in their Ireland invasion, for instance, the King ordered that all Roche's lands be turned over to <mask>. Sheriff
"<mask> Lynet (Lyvet) was of sufficient importance to be Sheriff of Connaught from 1287 to 1289," according to The History of the County of Mayo to the Close of the Sixteenth Century. "The family appear again as owners of half the castle and lands of Carn -- the other half owned by Carews -- and of the lands of Kincon, Ellagh, and Seehaunmore in Kilfian." By 1302, John Lyvet was granted arms in Ireland, and in 1311 was appointed steward of Carlow with the keeping of Old Ros and the Isle of Hervey, as well as the Knights Templar's hamlet of Kilclogan in Wexford.(A branch of the Dublin Levett family apparently relocated to Waterford at some later date, as the first family member appears as mayor in the early seventeenth century.) In 1302 King Edward I of England issued a call to convene the magnates of Ireland to assist in an invasion against the Scots. <mask> <mask> was one of the Irish nobles named in the writ. The <mask> family were one of the earliest of the Anglo-Irish families, but unlike other early Normans like the <mask>hs and the De Lacys, the Levetts seem to have been largely overlooked by historians. Perhaps the orthography made them difficult to trace: the spelling of the name varied wildly, including '<mask>et,' '<mask>vet', '<mask>t', '<mask>yuet,' '<mask>ynet,' 'Linet', and even '<mask> Yvet" and "Del Ynet." One historian assures us that "at the commencement of the reign of Edward II, the De Lynets were a powerful family in the south of Ireland." By the seventeenth century, an Irishman named Levett had registered his coat of arms, and it was distinct from those of his English brethren, which was unsurprising given that the first Levetts who came to Ireland did so as heraldry was only beginning to come into use.See also
Norman Ireland
List of rulers of Waterford
Hiberno-Norman
<mask> Burgh, 1st Earl of Ulster

References

Anglo-Normans
Norman warriors
Lord Mayors of Dublin

1240s deaths
Year of death uncertain
Year of birth unknown

masks:
Gilbert de Lyvet
de Clare
de Lac
Gilbert de Ly
de Fe
Gilbert de Ly
de Ly
Isabel de
Richard de
de Lyvet
de Ly
de Ly
de Lyvet
de Ly
de Lyvet
Philip de
Gilbert
Robert de
Geoffrey de
Gilbert
Philip de
Gilbert
Gilbert Lyvet
Gilbert Lyvet
Reginald Lyvet
Gilbert
de Live
de Live
Gilbert de
Philip de
John de
Gilbert de
Gilbert de
John Lyvet
Gilbert de
John de
Lyvet
de Lyvet
de Burg
de Liu
de Ly
de Leue
de L
de L
de
Walter de


title: William Addison Dwiggins

texts:
<mask> (June 19, 1880 – December 25, 1956), was an American type designer, calligrapher, and book designer. He attained prominence as an illustrator and commercial artist, and he brought to the designing of type and books some of the boldness that he displayed in his advertising work. His work can be described as ornamented and geometric, similar to the Art Moderne and Art Deco styles of the period, using Oriental influences and breaking from the more antiquarian styles of his colleagues and mentors Updike, Cleland and Goudy. Career

<mask> began his career in Chicago, working in advertising and lettering. With his colleague Frederic Goudy, he moved east to Hingham, Massachusetts, where he spent the rest of his life. He gained recognition as a lettering artist and wrote much on the graphic arts, notably essays collected in MSS by WAD (1949), and his Layout in Advertising (1928; rev. ed.1949) remains standard. During the first half of the twentieth century he also created pamphlets using the pen name "Dr. Hermann Puterschein". His scathing attack on contemporary book designers in An Investigation into the Physical Properties of Books (1919) led to his working with the publisher Alfred A. Knopf. Alblabooks, a series of finely conceived and executed trade books followed and did much to increase public interest in book format. Having become bored with advertising work, <mask> was perhaps more responsible than any other designer for the marked improvement in book design in the 1920s and 1930s. An additional factor in his transition to book design was a 1922 diagnosis with diabetes, at the time often fatal. He commented "it has revolutionised my whole attack.My back is turned on the more banal kind of advertising...I will produce art on paper and wood after my own heart with no heed to any market." In 1926, the Chicago Lakeside Press recruited <mask> to design a book for the Four American Books Campaign. He said he welcomed the chance to "do something besides waste-basket stuff" which would be "promptly thrown away" and chose the Tales of Edgar Allan Poe. The Press considered his fee of $2,000 to be low for an illustrator of his commercial power. Many of <mask>' designs used celluloid stencils to create repeating units of decoration. He and his wife Mabel Hoyle <mask> (February 27, 1881 – September 28, 1958) are buried in the Hingham Center Cemetery, Hingham Center, Massachusetts, near their home at 30 Leavitt Street, and <mask>' studio at 45 Irving Street. After <mask>' wife's death, many of <mask>' works and assets passed to his assistant Dorothy Abbe.A full-length biography of <mask> by Bruce Kennett, believed to be the first, was published in 2018 by the Letterform Archive museum of San Francisco. Typefaces
<mask>' interest in lettering led to the Mergenthaler Linotype Company, sensing <mask>' talent and knowledge, hiring <mask> in March 1929 as a consultant to create a sans-serif typeface, which became Metro, in response to similar type being sold from European foundries such as Erbar, Futura, and Gill Sans, which Dwiggins felt failed in the lower-case. <mask> went on to have a successful working relationship with Chauncey H. Griffith, Linotype's Director of Typographic Development, and all his typefaces were created for them. His most widely used book typefaces, Electra and Caledonia, were specifically designed for Linotype composition and have a clean spareness. The following list of his typefaces is thought to be complete. <mask> had the misfortune of entering the field of type design during a period that encompassed, successively, the Great Depression and the Second World War, and as a result, many of his designs did not progress beyond experimental castings. Several of his typefaces saw commercial release only after his death, or, while not released themselves, have been used as inspiration for other designers.Metro series
 Metrolite + Metroblack (1930, Linotype)
 Metrothin + Metromedium (1931, Linotype)
 Metrolite No.2 + Metroblack No.2 (1932, Linotype)
 Metrolite No.2 Italic + Lining Metrothin + Lining Metromedium (1935, Linotype)
 Metromedium No.2 Italic + Metroblack No.2 Italic (1937, Linotype)
 Metrolight No.4 Italic + Metrothin No.4 Italic (Linotype)
The Metro series was redesigned on entering production, with several characters changed to better echo the then-popular Futura. This formed the Metro No. 2 series. Some revivals return to Dwiggins' original design choices or offer them as alternates. Electra series
 Electra + Electra Oblique (italic)  (1935, Linotype)
 Electra Bold + Italic (Linotype)
 Electra Cursive (1940, Linotype, a true italic for Electra)
 Matching ornaments, sometimes called the Caravan series (Linotype)
 Charter (Designed 1937–42, used only for one book, never released, Linotype)
 Hingham (Designed 1937–43, cut in 7 pt. but not released, Linotype)
 Caledonia series
 Caledonia + Italic (1938, Linotype)
 Caledonia Bold + Italic (1940, Linotype)
 Arcadia (Designed 1943–47, used only for Typophile's Chapbook XXII, never released, Linotype)
 Tippecanoe + Italic (Designed 1944–46, used only for The Creaking Stair by Elizabeth Coatsworth, never released, Linotype), Dwiggins's take on Bodoni
 Winchester Roman + Italic + Winchester Uncials + Italic (1944–48, hand-cast by Dwiggins, not released by Linotype; the Roman was later digitized as ITC New Winchester)
 Stuyvesant + Italic (c.1949, used for only a few books, Linotype, never released), based on type cut by Jacques-François Rosart in Holland c.1750. Eldorado + Italic (1950, Linotype; revived by Font Bureau in the 1990s in three optical sizes), based on types cut by Jacques de Sanlecque the Elder used by Antonio de Sancha
 Falcon + Italic (developed 1944 / released 1961, Linotype), a "sharp-finished old-style" serif book typeface
 Experimental 63 (c. 1929–32, never released), a humanist modulated sans-serif prefiguring Optima by 25 years, unknown to Zapf before 1969
 Experimental 267D (not released), intended as an answer to Monotype’s Times New Roman, but ultimately abandoned in favor of licensing Times itself.This intentional irregularity was inspired by the difficulty of carving marionettes for his puppet theatre. It has since been used by other serif font designers such as Martin Majoor and Cyrus Highsmith. Jonathan Hoefler comments on Hingham that it contains “many unusual things”: “that lower-case ‘o’ that's heaviest at the upper-left corner is just kind of mystifying, or the lower-case ‘e’ that's thinnest at the lower-left corner”. Besides <mask>' type design, a text written by <mask> in Layout in Advertising on choosing a font, beginning "Why do the pace-makers in the art of printing rave over a specific face of type? What do they see in it? ", has been used by many font designers as a filler text, similar to Quousque tandem or lorem ipsum. Marionettes

<mask>' love of wood carving led to his creation of a marionette theatre in a garage at 5 Irving Street, which was behind his home at 30 Leavitt Street in Hingham, Massachusetts.He also created a puppet group named the Püterschein Authority. In 1933 he performed his first show there, "The Mystery of the Blind Beggarman." <mask> built his second theatre under his studio at 45 Irving Street. Further productions of the Püterschein Authority included "Prelude to Eden," "Brother Jeromy," "Millennium 1," and "The Princess Primrose of Shahaban in Persia." Most of his marionettes were twelve inches tall. The marionettes were donated to the three-room Dwiggins Collection at the Boston Public Library in 1967. Legacy

In 1957, a year after his death, Bookbuilders of Boston, an organization of book publishing professionals that <mask> helped to establish, renamed their highest award the W.A.Dwiggins Award. <mask> has sometimes been credited with introducing the term "graphic design" in a 1922 article, but the term was being used before this. Bibliography

LA DERNIÈRE MOBILISATION (1915). Story in The Fabulist and in The Best Short Stories of 1915. An Investigation into the Physical Properties of Books (1919)
 Layout in Advertising (1928)
 Towards a Reform of the Paper Currency, Particularly in Point of its Design (The Limited Editions Club, 1932)
 Form Letters: Illustrator to Author (<mask> Rudge, 1930)
 The Power of Print—and Men (1936), with Thomas Dreier
 Marionette in motion; the Püterschein system diagrammed, described (1939)
 WAD to RR: A Letter about Designing Type (1940)
 Millennium 1 (Alfred A. Knopf, 1945)

Books illustrated or designed

 The Witch Wolf: An Uncle Remus Story, Joel Chandler Harris (Bacon & Brown, 1921)
 A History of Russian Literature, from the Earliest Times to the Death of Dostoyevsky, Prince D.S. <mask>, Master of the Book'
 Bruce Kennett, W. A. <mask>: A Life in Design. San Francisco: Letterform Archive, 2018.B. Kennett, 'The White Elephant and the Fabulist: The Private Press Activities of W. A. Dwiggins, 1913-1921', in Parenthesis; 21 (2011 Autumn), p. 27-30
 B. Kennett, 'W A Dwiggins  The Private Press Work, Part 2  The Society of Calligraphers 1922-9', in Parenthesis; 22 (2012 Spring), p. 34-39
 B. Kennett, 'The Private Press Work of W. A. <mask>, Part 3 Puterschein-Hingham and Related Projects, 1930-1956', in Parenthesis''; 23 (2012 Autumn), p. 17-20
 P. Shaw, 'The Definitive Dwiggins' (online article series)
 Abbe, Fili & Heller, 'Typographic Treasures: The Work of W.A. <mask>' (exhibition catalog)

External links

 Art Directors Club biography, portrait and images of work
 W. A. Dwiggins collection finding aid, University of Maryland Libraries (accessioned 17 June 2013)
 Dwiggins at Typecon (anthology of artwork for talk by Rob Saunders)
 <mask> Dwiggins: Black & White Smith (talk by Saunders at San Francisco Public Library)
 Boston Public Library Dwiggins Collection - catalogue
 Indexgrafik - extensive range of images
Guide to the Chauncey Hawley Griffith papers, housed at the University of Kentucky Libraries Special Collections Research Center
Guide to the Chauncey Hawley Griffith photographs, housed at the University of Kentucky Libraries Special Collections Research Center

1880 births
1956 deaths
AIGA medalists
American illustrators
American typographers and type designers
People from Clinton County, Ohio

masks:
William Addison Dwiggins
Dwiggins
Dwiggins
Dwiggins
Dwiggins
Dwiggins
Dwiggins
Dwiggins
Dwiggins
Dwiggins
Dwiggins
Dwiggins
Dwiggins
Dwiggins
Dwiggins
Dwiggins
Dwiggins
Dwiggins
Dwiggins
Dwiggins
Dwiggins
William Edwin
Dwiggins
Dwiggins
Dwiggins
Dwiggins
William Addison