title: Tiago Splitter

texts:
<mask> (born January 1, 1985) is a Brazilian former professional basketball player who played seven seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA). He is currently serving as player development coach for the Brooklyn Nets. A three-time All-EuroLeague Team selection prior to his NBA career, he became the first Brazilian-born player to win an NBA championship, in 2014, as a member of the San Antonio Spurs. Professional career

Brazil and Spain (1999–2010)
Splitter began his professional career in 1999. In 2000, he began to play in Spain's top-level league, the Liga ACB. In 2004, Splitter became a naturalised citizen of Spain. Splitter was named the MVP of the Spanish Supercup tournament in both 2006 and 2007.He was also named to the All-EuroLeague First Team for the EuroLeague's 2007–08 season, after helping Saski Baskonia make it to the 2008 EuroLeague Final Four. The following year, Splitter reached the EuroLeague 2008–09 season's playoffs, but failed to make another EuroLeague Final Four participation. Nevertheless, his performances earned him a spot on the 2008–09 All-EuroLeague Second Team. <mask> was named the Spanish League MVP in 2010. <mask> was expected to declare for the 2006 NBA Draft, but because the expensive buyout of his contract discouraged NBA teams with high draft picks from drafting him, he remained in the Spanish ACB League for that season. Splitter was automatically eligible for the 2007 NBA Draft, as he was at least 22 years of age at the time of the draft. He was selected by the San Antonio Spurs, in the first round of the draft, with the 28th overall draft pick.On May 28, 2008, ESPN Brasil reported that <mask> had re-signed with Saski Baskonia, on a two-year contract that would keep him in the Spanish ACB League through the 2009–10 NBA season. The contract allowed the Brazilian to make 8 times more than the NBA rookie scale salary cap would have allowed him to make with the San Antonio Spurs at that time. On June 7, 2008, the San Antonio Express-News reported that Spurs General Manager R.C. Buford, had stated that <mask> had informed the team that he would not be coming to San Antonio for the 2008–09 NBA season. <mask> had instead signed an extension with Saski Baskonia, that would keep him in the Spanish ACB League through 2010. It was announced on July 9, 2010, that <mask> had opted out of his contract with Saski Baskonia, in order to sign in the NBA with the San Antonio Spurs. San Antonio Spurs (2010–2015)
On July 12, 2010, <mask> signed a contract with the San Antonio Spurs.The deal was believed to be worth $11 million over 3 years. He earned his first start of his NBA career on March 19, against the Charlotte Bobcats, in place of the injured Tim Duncan. In this game, <mask> recorded 8 points and 6 rebounds. On February 8, 2012, <mask> and teammate Kawhi Leonard, were selected to play in the 2012 Rising Stars Challenge. On February 17, it was revealed that both <mask> and Leonard would be teammates for Team Chuck. However, due to an injury, he was released from Team Chuck and was replaced by Derrick Favors. On May 29, 2012, in Game 2 of the Western Conference Finals, Oklahoma City Thunder head coach Scott Brooks, attempted to slow San Antonio's offense through continual the fouling of Splitter, sending him to the free throw line with the "Hack-a-Shaq" strategy.He played his most productive season with the Spurs in 2012–13 NBA season, averaging 10.3 points and 6.4 rebounds per game, while playing all but the final game of the regular season. He started 58 games, as the Spurs finished the West in the two-seed, behind the Oklahoma City Thunder. The Spurs would advance to the 2013 NBA Finals, only to lose to the Miami Heat in seven games, as Miami won their second straight NBA championship. On July 13, 2013, he re-signed with the Spurs. On June 15, 2014, <mask> won his first NBA championship, after the Spurs defeated the Miami Heat, 4 games to 1 in the 2014 NBA Finals. After missing 20 out of the first 21 games of the 2014–15 season with a back injury, <mask> played out the rest of the season, until missing the final six games of the regular season, with a calf injury. He returned for the playoffs, but the Spurs were knocked out in the first round by the Los Angeles Clippers, in seven games.Atlanta Hawks (2015–2017)
On July 9, 2015, <mask> was traded to the Atlanta Hawks, in exchange for the draft rights to Georgios Printezis, and a future second-round pick. On February 16, 2016, he was ruled out for the rest of the season, after electing to have surgery to repair his right hip. On October 11, 2016, <mask> was ruled out for four weeks with a grade 2 hamstring strain. He was ruled out for a further six weeks, on November 26, after an MRI exam revealed a grade 2 right calf strain. Philadelphia 76ers (2017)
On February 22, 2017, <mask> was traded, along with a second-round draft pick, to the Philadelphia 76ers, in exchange for Ersan İlyasova. On March 21, 2017, he was assigned to the Delaware 87ers, the 76ers' D-League affiliate. He was recalled six days later.On March 28, 2017, he made his debut for the 76ers, recording two points and three rebounds, in seven minutes of playing time, in a 106–101 win over the Brooklyn Nets. <mask>, who had been nursing a right calf injury, entered the game late in the first quarter, and played in his first game since January 31, 2016, when he was a member of the Atlanta Hawks, before undergoing hip surgery. Retirement
On February 19, 2018, <mask> announced his retirement from playing professional basketball, due to a hip injury that had hindered the back-end of his career. Coaching career
On April 24, 2018, <mask> was hired by the Brooklyn Nets, as a pro scout, with added duties related to on-court player development. On September 23, 2019, he was promoted by the Nets to player development coach. National team career
Splitter won gold medals with the senior Brazilian national basketball team at the 2003 FIBA South American Championship, the 2003 Pan American Games, the 2005 FIBA AmeriCup, the 2009 FIBA AmeriCup, and the 2011 FIBA AmeriCup. With Brazil, he also played at the 2002 FIBA World Cup, the 2006 FIBA World Cup, the 2010 FIBA World Cup, the 2012 Summer Olympics, and the 2014 FIBA World Cup.Personal life
<mask> is the son of Cassio and <mask>. He was raised a Christian, although his father is of Jewish descent. In 2009, Splitter's sister Michelle, also a basketball player, died of leukemia, at the age of 19. In 2017, <mask> married his wife, Fernanda.

masks:
Tiago Splitter Beims
Splitter
Splitter
Splitter
Splitter
Splitter
Splitter
Splitter
Splitter
Splitter
Splitter
Splitter
Splitter
Splitter
Splitter
Splitter
Splitter
Splitter
Splitter
Splitter
Elisabeth Splitter
Splitter


title: George O'Kelly

type: original

texts:
<mask>'Kelly (12 October 1831 – 2 September 1914) was a Franco-Irish pianist and composer, who spent much of his career in Boulogne-sur-Mer. A member of a family of musicians, he was the only one with several orchestral scores to his credit. Another notable work is an opera on an Irish theme, performed in Boulogne in 1878. Life
<mask>'Kelly was born as <mask> in Boulogne-sur-Mer. Unusually, his first name was spelled in the English way (without an 's' at the end). His father was an Irish emigrant, the Dublin-born pianist Joseph Kelly (1804–1856); his brothers included the composer Joseph O'Kelly (1828–1885) and the music publisher Auguste O'Kelly (1829–1900). Around 1835, when he was still very young, the family moved to Paris where he grew up in the Faubourg Poissonnière area of the 9th arrondissement.Nothing is known of his musical education, but it can be presumed that he received early lessons from his father and later some more advanced training from others. His earliest public record is his membership in the 'Association des Artistes Musiciens', where he is listed in the annual membership lists for the years 1848–52. For the last three of these years he was listed as pianist employed at the Théâtre Historique (1850–1) and its successor, the Théâtre Lyrique (1852). Together with another brother, the business man Charles (Frédéric) O'Kelly (1830–1897), he returned to Boulogne-sur-Mer in 1852 and established himself there as a piano teacher and composer/performer. An 1851 concert review mentioned his impending move to Boulogne: "O'Kelly est une jeune pianiste qui est venu se fixer ici, et qui est arrivée précédé d'une reputation qui la soirée de lundi n'a fait que justifier". Frequently, <mask> was involved in the activities of the local Société Philharmonique. In 1853, he seems to have persuaded the local music shop of B. Filliette to publish his first two piano compositions.Other early scores were an Overture (1853) for orchestra, performed by Société Philharmonique in April 1853, and the opera Une Nuit au bal, performed at the Théâtre Municipal in December 1853. <mask> married a widow with two sons in January 1856 and had two sons of his own, born in 1858 and 1860. For many years, the family lived in the historic walled town centre of Boulogne, in Rue du Puits d'Amour (1861–mid-1870s) and Rue de la Balance (until c.1881). In 1871, two works for piano and orchestra were performed in Boulogne, but his largest works were two scores, both performed in September 1878 on the occasion of the laying of the foundation stone to the new deep-sea harbour of Boulogne. One was the one-act comic opera Le Lutin de Galway and the other the cantata Le Port en eau profonde for baritone, chorus and orchestra. Although both works were well received by the press they were not taken up again in the following years. Seeking more artistic success may therefore have been one of the reasons why he moved back to Paris around 1881.Although he had a number of performances of small-scale compositions in Paris, and although his brother Auguste published many of his songs and piano works, establishing himself in the highly competitive environment of Paris proved difficult. He ran a small Académie Artistique in the Ternes area of the 17th arrondissement, and the dedications on his published works indicate that he had a number of wealthy pupils. Yet, step-by-step he moved out of the city, probably due to increasing rents. Having been widowed in 1884, he married again in the same year. His works of the 1890s were self-published, and in his last creative years (1903–9) his compositional activity focused on music for children that was published in magazines such as the Journal des demoiselles and for which he wrote both music and words. He spent his last years in the Paris suburb of Asnières-sur-Seine, where he died in 1914. Music
As a composer, <mask>'Kelly always stood in the shadow of his brother Joseph, to the extent that some of his works were perceived as works by the latter.For instance, Le Lutin de Galway appears in some contemporary operatic catalogues as a work by Joseph O'Kelly. This work plays in 18th-century county Galway in Ireland, although the plot is not particularly Irish. Unfortunately, the music has not survived, so it is not possible to say whether there were any Irish influences in the score. <mask> was the only member of the O'Kelly family in France, who wrote orchestral music, but this music, too, does not seem to have survived. His published music includes 26 works for piano (dating 1853 to 1909) and 24 songs (1874 to 1909). His early piano music is quite attractive, although it quite strictly follows established role models (sonata form). It is in a romantic language and includes polkas, mazurkas, waltzes and marches.His most ambitious piano work is the Marche funèbre (1876), an extended work written in memory of his father. He clearly developed stylistically: his Folâtres gazelles op. 20 (published in 1904), for instance, sounds as if influenced by Scott Joplin. Although he performed with singers from the early 1850s, <mask>'Kelly's songs constitute a considerably later part of his worklist, the earliest pieces appearing in 1874. He took a while to develop, his best vocal music can be found in Le Camoëns mourant (1880) and his 1890s settings of poems by Alphonse de Lamartine and François Coppée. For Le Camoëns mourant, a work commemorating the anniversary of the Portuguese poet Luis de Camões, he was awarded the Brazilian national order of merit, the Order of the Rose. His last songs are attractive little miniatures that appeared in children's journals, often to his own words.List of works

Opera
Une Nuit au bal (libretto by Antoine Obert), 1 act, performed Boulogne-sur-Mer, Théâtre Municipal, 24 December 1853. Le Lutin de Galway (libretto by Ernest Deseille and Henri Bauhin), 1 act, performed Boulogne-sur-Mer, Théâtre Municipal, 9 September 1878. Voice and orchestra
À l'oasis (Émile Lafarge) for baritone and orchestra (1854)
Le Port en eau profonde for baritone, chorus and orchestra (1878)

Orchestral
Ouverture (1853)
Fantaisie sur le Pré-aux-Clercs for piano and orchestra (1871)
Marche triomphale for piano and orchestra (1871)

Piano music
Deux Pensées caractéristiques: 1. Nocturne; 2. Tarantelle. Boulogne-sur-mer: B. Filliette & Paris: A. Grus, 1853 (No. 1 B.F. / No.2 B.F.)
Étude-galop (1856). Unpublished. Bathilde. Mazurka. Paris: Mme Cendrier, before 1857
Valse de salon (1857). Unpublished
Souvenirs de Paraguassú. Fantaisie op.4. Paris: Choudens, 1860 (A.C. 687)
Matinée de printemps. Valse op. 5. Paris: Saint-Hilaire, 1861 (E.St.H. 127)
Triste adieu. Mélodie [pour piano] op.6. Paris: Saint-Hilaire, 1862 (E.St.H. 197)
Prière op. 7. Paris: Saint-Hilaire, 1863 (E.St.H. 251)
Souviens-toi. Rêverie op.8. Paris: A. O’Kelly, 1873 (A.O.K. 142)
Harmonie des bois op. 9. Paris: A. O’Kelly, 1874 (A.O.K. 155)
Au moulin. Caprice op.10. Paris: A. O’Kelly, 1874 (A.O.K. 157)
Après le combat. Marche triomphale op. 11. Paris: A. O’Kelly, 1875 (A.O.K. 200)
Le Casino du Ploegsteert.Polka op. 12, Paris: A. O’Kelly, 1875 (A.O.K. 264)
Marche funèbre op. 13. Paris: F. Schœn, 1876 (F.294.S.) Danse des Crénées (Nymphes des fontaines). Mazurka op.14. Paris: A. O’Kelly, 1878 (O. 737)
Sentiers perdus. Grande valse de salon. Paris: A. O’Kelly & Naus, 1880 (A.O.K. 873)
La Kalenda. Danse des nègres.Caprice op. 15. Paris: A. O’Kelly, 1884 (A.O.K. 1142)
Six Petites pièces faciles op. 16. Paris: A. O’Kelly, 1887 (A.O.K. 1384).Contains: Le Sommeil de bébé. Berceuse; Les Petits bataillons. Marche; La Leçon de aïeule. Gavotte; Mariquita et Periquito. Boléro; Chant du petit gondolier. Barcarolle; Danse des pantins hongrois. Caprice
Folâtres gazelles.Bluette op. 20, Paris: Journal des Demoiselles, 15 Sep. 1904
Lointain souvenir. Paris: Journal des Demoiselles, 1 July 1907
Caprice-Boléro. Paris: Journal des Demoiselles, 1 Feb. 1909
Caprice-Gavotte. Paris: Journal des Demoiselles, 15 May 1909

Songs for voice and piano
Rapelle-toi. Mélodie (Alfred de Musset), Paris: A. O’Kelly, 1874 (A.O.K. 137)
Stances au soleil (Henri Bauhin), Paris: A. O’Kelly, 1877 (A.O.K.683)
Surrexit. Chant de Pâques (Désirée Pacault), Paris: A. O’Kelly, 1880 (A.O.K. 840)
Le Camoëns mourant. Élégie (Désirée Pacault), Paris: A. O’Kelly, 1880 (A.O.K. 860)
Le Vieux drapeau (René Asse), Paris: A. O’Kelly, 1883 (A.O.K. 1113)
O salutaris (biblical), Paris: A. O’Kelly, 1884 (A.O.K. 1153)
Autant dire.Mélodie (Louise d’Ernesti Bader), Paris: A. O’Kelly, 1886 (A.O.K. 1304)
Sur un album (Alphonse de Lamartine), Paris: Journal des Demoiselles, Aug. 1892
Ave Maria (biblical), Paris: Mackar et Noël, 1894 (M.&N. 1585)
La Harpe des cantiques (Alphonse de Lamartine), Paris: F. Laurens, 1895 (G.O.) Le Livre de la vie (Alphonse de Lamartine), Paris: [no name of publisher], 1896; also Paris: Journal des Demoiselles, 15 March 1905
Notre drapeau! Chant patriotique (L. Reyne), Paris: F. Laurens, 1898 (G.O'K.) Juin (François Coppée), Paris: F. Laurens, 1901 ([G.O'K.]) Dans la nuit calme et pure.Valse Rêverie (A. Deval), Paris: Journal des Demoiselles, 15 Nov. 1903
Quel ennui de travailler (A. Deval), Paris: Journal La Poupée Modèle, 15 Dec. 1903
Noël. Conte primitif, d'après la princesse Bruhyères (Pierre Meissonnier), Paris: l'auteur, 1904
En offrant un rameau bénit. Mélodie (<mask>'Kelly), Paris: E. Costil, 1904 (G. O'K)
Le Sillon (G. O’Kelly), Asnières-sur-Seine: La Ruche d'Asnières, 1904
Après la dinette ... on dansera! (G. O'Kelly), Paris: Journal La Poupée Modèle, 15 June 1904
La Révolte des poupées (G. O'Kelly), Paris: Journal La Poupée Modèle, 15 Dec. 1904
Mon Minet (G. O'Kelly), Paris: Journal La Poupée Modèle, 15 Feb. 1906
Le Sommeil (G. O'Kelly), Paris: Journal des Demoiselles, 15 Sep. 1906
Je suis en pénitence! (L. Reyne), Paris: Journal La Poupée Modèle, 15 Feb. 1908
Une Petite fille a sa poupée. Gronderie Maternelle (G. O'Kelly), Paris: Journal La Poupée Modèle, 15 Nov. 1909

Bibliography
 Axel Klein: O'Kelly. An Irish Musical Family in Nineteenth-Century France (Norderstedt: BoD, 2014), .References

1831 births
1914 deaths
19th-century classical composers
19th-century French composers
19th-century French male musicians
Composers for piano
French male classical composers
French people of Irish descent
French Romantic composers
Irish classical composers
Irish expatriates in France
Irish male classical composers
Irish opera composers
Male opera composers

masks:
George Alexandre O
George O
George Alexandre Kelly
George
George
George O
George
George O
George O


title: Wulfstan the Cantor

texts:
<mask> the Cantor (c. 960 – early 11th century), also known as <mask> of Winchester, was an Anglo-Saxon monk of the Old Minster, Winchester. He was also a writer, musician, composer and scribe. <mask> is most famous for his hagiographic work Vita S. Aethelwoldi. Life
Very little is known about <mask>'s life. The date of his birth is unknown, but personal references within his poem Narratio metrica de S. Swithuno suggest he was a child at the time of St. Swithun’s canonization in 971. These references have led scholars to believe that <mask> was born in about 960 and was given as a child to the Old Minster, where he spent his mature life. At the Old Minster, <mask> studied under <mask> of Winchester, about whom he wrote write his Vita S. Aethelwoldi.<mask> became a monk and a priest; he then rose to become a precentor, and hence is often referred to in contemporary sources as <mask> Cantor. As precentor, <mask> would have been responsible for leading chants, recruiting and training the choir, and composing poems and hymns, among other things. In addition to these musical responsibilities, <mask> worked as a scribe and as a hagiographic author. The day of his death, 22 July, is recorded in a New Minster calendar, but not the year. His latest datable writing is his Vita S. Aethelwoldi, which was composed no earlier than 996. He presumably died some time in the early 11th century. Writings

Vita S. Aethelwoldi (The Life of St. Aethelwold)
<mask>'s most famous work, Vita S. Aethelwoldi, tells of the life and miracles of St. <mask>, Bishop of Winchester.The work is 46 chapters long, elaborately composed using complex sentences and displays a familiarity with many earlier hagiographic writings. The Vita was written very soon after <mask> was canonized, which took place on 10 September 996. Some scholars believe the Vita was written to coincide with this event. The work contains no statement of authorship, but is undoubtedly the writing of <mask>. Not only do later sources such as William of Malmesbury attribute the work to <mask>, the piece bears striking stylistic similarities to <mask>'s other writings. For example, in <mask>'s poem Narratio metrica de S. Swithuno, several phrases and even large sections of text, including two entire chapters from Vita S. Aethelwoldi, appear. The Vita was written for the purpose of recording the miraculous powers of St. Aethelwold in order to prove that Aethelwold was a vessel of divinity who could be appealed to through prayer as an intermediary to God.<mask>'s Vita follows a format similar to other hagiographic works of the time. The piece appears to have been largely inspired by Lantfred of Winchester's Translatio et miracula S. Swithuni, which was completed in about 975. <mask>'s work uses a similar style of prose to that of Bede’s Vita S. Cuthberti, which, like the Vita S. Aethelwoldi, contains 46 chapters. Some events described in <mask>’s Vita are very similar to events described in Sulpicius Severus’ Vita S. Martini. It is likely <mask> drew heavily on these authors in constructing his Vita. Narratio metrica de S. Swithuno
Wulfstan's poem Narratio metrica de S. Swithuno is a hexametrical version of Lantfred of Winchester's Translatio et miracula S. Swwithuni (c.975). <mask>elwoldi in 996, when two chapters of Wulfstan's prose from the Vita were turned into verse and incorporated into the poem.The poem consists of 3386 lines, making it the longest Anglo-Latin poem surviving today. It is also the most accomplished Anglo-Latin poem in terms of metrical
style, illustrating <mask>'s skill as a poet. The poem describes the elevation of St. Swithun and is also thought to be the original source of the well-known British weather lore that if it rains on St. Swithun's Day, 15 July, it will rain for the next 40 days. Breuiloquium de omnibus sanctis
Breuiloquium de omnibus sanctis is a recently discovered poem by <mask>. The poem bears <mask>'s name and is thus very significant to scholars as it provides a firm basis for the analysis of <mask>'s poetic style and technique, allowing it to be used as a template for the attribution of other works to <mask>. The poem is long, consisting of 669 hexameters preceded by a prologue of 20 lines of epanaleptic couplets and ending with an epilogue of 27 hexameters. Breuiloquium de omnibus sanctis is a metrical version of an anonymous Carolingian sermon on All Saints called Legimus in ecclesiasticis historiis.The sermon was very popular in <mask>'s time and was widely circulated. <mask>'s poem begins by describing Pope Boniface IV’s explanation of the Pantheon in Rome, and then goes on to list various categories of saints venerated by the Church and commemorated on All Saints' Day. De tonorum harmonia
De tonorum harmonia, also known as Breuiloquium super musica,  is a lost work by <mask>. Little is known about the piece, but the majority of information comes from a 15th-century anonymous commentary entitled De musica. The author of De musica makes four references to the work of a figure named ‘Wulstan’, which is likely <mask>. The references reveal that De tonorum harmonia, or Breuiloquium super musica as it is sometimes called, was concerned with the theory rather than the practice of music. <mask> is cited as an authority on musical theory.Although now lost, <mask>'s De tonorum harmonia is of unique value in that it is the only known work on music composed by an Anglo-Saxon. Other works
<mask> is known to have written liturgical materials relating to the Cult of St. Aethelwold. <mask> was active in promoting the Cult of St. Aethelwold and as precentor would have been responsible for providing various prayers, tropes, and hymns needed for the cult's celebrations. He is also thought to have composed various hexametrical rubrics, tropes and sequences within the musical manuscripts the “Winchester Tropers”. Many of these works attributed to <mask> bear no explicit indication of authorship and attribution depends mainly on stylistic arguments. Historical contribution

Contribution to knowledge of St. Aethelwold
Wulfstan's Vita S. Aethelwoldi is the principal source for knowledge of St. <mask>, who was one of the champions of the Monastic Reform movement in Winchester. Though other works about St. <mask> exist, <mask>'s is the longest and contains the largest amount of information.As is very clear from the Vita S. Aethelwoldi, <mask> was the primary figure in effecting the canonization of St. <mask> and was also instrumental in establishing and promoting the Cult of St. Aethelwold. The promotion of the cult was dependent on the publication of a suitable Vita text to display Aethelwold's sanctity and miraculous powers, as well as the composition of the necessary hymns and prayers for the liturgical commemoration of the saint on his feast-day. As precentor, <mask> fulfilled these duties and solidified <mask>'s position as an honoured Anglo-Saxon saint. Influence on later writing
Many of <mask>'s writings enjoyed wide circulation throughout Medieval England, especially his Vita S. Aethelwoldi, which had an influence on later hagiographic writing. In fact, scholars believed that <mask>'s Vita was one of the most widely read of all pre-Conquest Anglo-Latin saints' lives. <mask>'s Vita is thought to have inspired Aelfric of Eynsham's Vita S. Aethelwoldi, although scholars debate which text was written first. The similarities between the two texts indicate that one author was drawing on the other's text, but there is debate as to whether Aelfric is summarizing <mask> or <mask> is expanding on Aelfric.Aelfric's version has 29 chapters and can be precisely dated to the year 1006. Aelfric is well known for abridging the texts of other authors, which again leads recent scholars to believe Aelfric's Vita S. Aethelwoldi is a summary of <mask>'s. Regardless of whose Vita was composed first, Aelfric's Vita was not as widely circulated as <mask>'s, and therefore, the vast majority of subsequent writing about Aethelwold is based on <mask>'s version. In addition to Aelfric, many other hagiographic writers drew on <mask>'s Vita S. Aethelwoldi in composing their own works. The work of Goscelin of Saint-Bertin, a professional hagiographer writing at the end of the 11th century, contains miracle stories that are very similar to, and appear to be inspired by, those contained in <mask>'s Vita. Orderic Vitalis (1075–1142) authored a reworking of Aethelwold's life based on <mask>. In the 12th century, the author of the Libellus Aethelwoldi or The Book of Aethelwold drew on the information contained in <mask>'s Vita, as did the anonymous author of Chronicon monasterii de Abingdon.The Peterborough Chronicle of Huge Candidus incorporates several chapters of <mask>'s Vita. Even as late as the 15th century works such as the poem The South English Legendary, which contains a “Life of Adelwold”, utilized <mask>'s work. <mask>'s Narratio metrica de S. Swithuno, De tonorum harmonia, and many of the hymns attributed to him, were also widely read and referenced by other writers in southern England, although not to the extent of his Vita. Notes

Bibliography

Further reading
Fisher, D.J.V. “The Early Biographers of St. Ethelwold.” English Historical Review 67, 1952): 381-91. Gneuss, H. “The Life of St. Aethelwold.” Notes &Queries 20, (1973): 479-80. John, Eric.“<mask>elwold.” Catholic Historical Review 80, no.3 (1994): 575-584. Lapidge, Michael. The Cult of St. Swithun. New York: Oxford University Press, 2003. Lapidge, Michael. “Poeticism in Pre-Conquest Anglo-Latin Prose.” Proceedings of the British Academy 129, (2005): 321-337. Lapidge, M. and M. Winterbottom.<mask> of Winchester: The Life of St. <mask>. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1991. McIntosh, Angus. “Wulfstan’s Prose.” In British Academic Papers on Anglo-Saxon England, selected and introduced by E.G. Stanley, 111-144. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990. Robinson, J.A.The Times of St. Dunstan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1923, 104-22. Speed, Diane. “Text and Meaning in the South English Legendary Lives of Aethelwold.” Notes &Queries 41, (1994): 295-301
Winterbottom, Michael. “Three Lives of <mask>.”  Medium Aevum 41, no. 3 (1972): 191-201. York, Barbara.“<mask> of Winchester.” English Historical Review 109, no. 434 (1994): 1244-1245. 10th-century births
11th-century deaths
Anglo-Saxon poets
10th-century English writers
11th-century English writers
10th-century Latin writers

masks:
Wulfstan
Wulfstan
Wulfstan
Wulfstan
Wulfstan
Wulfstan
Æthelwold
Wulfstan
Wulfstan
Wulfstan
Wulfstan
Wulfstan
Aethelwold
Aethelwold
Wulfstan
Wulfstan
Wulfstan
Wulfstan
Wulfstan
Wulfstan
Wulfstan
Wulfstan
Wulfstaneth
Wulfstan
Wulfstan
Wulfstan
Wulfstan
Wulfstan
Wulfstan
Wulfstan
Wulfstan
Wulfstan
Wulfstan
Wulfstan
Wulfstan
Wulfstan
Wulfstan
Aethelwold
Aethelwold
Wulfstan
Wulfstan
Aethelwold
Wulfstan
Aethelwold
Wulfstan
Wulfstan
Wulfstan
Wulfstan
Wulfstan
Wulfstan
Wulfstan
Wulfstan
Wulfstan
Wulfstan
Wulfstan
Wulfstan
Wulfstan
Wulfstan
Wulfstan
Wulfstaneth
Wulfstan
Aethelwold
Saint Ethelwold
Wulfstan


title: George Fenwick

texts:
<mask> (2 February 1847 – 23 September 1929) was a New Zealand newspaper proprietor and editor. He is best known for his time as manager and editor of the Otago Daily Times, during which time he supported the campaign initiated by Rutherford Waddell against sweat shops. Early life
<mask> was born on 2 February 1847, the eldest child of Robertine Jane (nee Brown, 1823–1866) and <mask> (1815–1878) in Sunderland in the north of England. When he was six years old his family responding to the discovery of famous goldfields emigrated to Australia, arriving in Victoria on New Year's Day in 1853. As the gold fever in Australia subsided, his parents in response to the advertising of W. H. Reynolds,  honorary immigration agent for the Provincial Council of Otago of the superior advantages of Otago in New Zealand the couple immigrated with their three children on the schooner  Challenger, reaching Dunedin on 23 January 1856. He initially attended the Government school in Lower High Street before attending the Dunedin Academy, a private school in Princes Street which was run by J. G. S. Grant until it closed. Otago Witness
After his father heard through a friend of an opening at the Otago Witness <mask> was able in 1858 to secure a five-year printing apprenticeship at the newspaper.Because he was still not tall enough to stand at the composing frame, which meant he had to learn the trade by standing on a box beside Daniel Campbell, the manager of the newspaper. The discovery of gold in 1861 at Gabriel's Gully and the resulting gold rush, resulted in a scarcity of adult labour rendered his services all the more valuable. As a result when William Cutten and Julius Vogel the owners of started the daily Otago Daily Times  Fenwick was transferred in 1861 to the composing department of their new newspaper. Australia
Following the completion of his apprenticeship he worked in the office of the newspaper before leaving in 1868 to gain a wider experience of newspapers and the priming trade in Australia. He initially resided in Sydney attracted by the presence in port of his uncle, <mask> Brown, who was captain of the Cornwallis, which was involved in the Australian trade. After staying on board his uncle's ship he took up the offer of a position in Townsville, Northern Queensland at the Cleveland Bay Herald and Northern Advertiser. However he found the tropical heat and wildlife not to his liking, which combined with the death of his mother in October 1866 caused him to travel back on the Susannah Booth from Sydney to Dunedin.He had no difficulty in returning to his old position in the Otago Daily Times. Lawrence
Once back working at the Otago Daily Times Fenwick soon found he was not satisfied with his immediate prospects and so in the following year accepted the offer of James Matthews a former co-worker at the Otago Witness of a partnership in the Tuapeka Press and Goldfields Advocate, which was based in the town of Lawrence. Mathews was also prepared to offer a job to Fenwick's younger brother William, who was still an apprentice. Fenwick accepted the offer, but the partners soon found of 18 months of struggle that Lawrence was too small for both their  newspaper and their better resourced rival, the Tuapeka Times. After opening negotiations they were happy in 1869 to accept £150 from the Tuapeka Times to close down. Fenwick had learnt a valuable lesson – that it was folly to attempt to maintain two newspapers in any community where there was room for only one. The Cromwell Argus
While the negotiations for the sale of their newspaper proceeded, Matthews and Fenwick had looked for other opportunities and identified that that rising goldfields town of Cromwell did not yet have a newspaper.When Fenwick investigated the town in detail in October 1868, they found that Robert Carrick intended to set up newspaper. When Carrick agreed to drop his venture Matthews and Fenwick decided to proceeded and made a successful canvass for advertisements and subscribers prior only to find on the 1 November that Carrick had changed his mind and was also going ahead with his publication. His printing press was in the process of being loaded on a wagon in Dunedin for conveyance to Cromwell. The partners were already committed to the new venture as <mask> during his visit had leased land from the Borough Council and had let a contract for the building of a newspaper office on it. Unfortunately they could not immediately relocate to Cromwell as many subscribers of their existing newspaper had paid in advance, and they had advertising contracts which made it essential that two further issues of the Tuapeka Press and Goldfields Advocate had to be published in order to complete a quarterly period. The only way out was to immediately after the printing of the last issue of the Tuapeka Press and Goldfields Advocate was to print off in Lawrence the first issue of The Cromwell Argus and Northern Gold-fields Gazette and then to take the freshly printed newspapers to Cromwell on horseback. The idea was promptly carried into effect, and on Wednesday, 3 November 1868 after printing off the last edition of the Tuapeka Press and Goldfields Advocate, its masthead was replaced in the press with The Cromwell Argus and Northern Gold-fields Gazette and other necessary alterations were made before the printing commenced.By 6pm on Saturday 6 November 1869, 500 copies of the new paper had been printed off, and with them strapped in front of the saddle Fenwick set off on a ride of over  from Lawrence to Cromwell. After a  ride he reached Miller's Flat, crossing the Clutha River by the punt that night and rested for three to four hours at the station of Walter Miller. At dawn he recommenced his journey and reached Cromwell at 9pm on Sunday, where he presented the mayor and one or two prominent residents with copies of the newspaper. The following morning Fenwick delivered copies to every house. in the town, before hiring a fresh horse to deliver copies over a large part of the surrounding district. As they explained in their first edition, it did thus not contain any local Cromwell news. By the time Matthews arrived in Cromwell in a wagon with the printing equipment and their household belongings the office was almost ready for occupation.Their rival the Cromwell Guardian soon commenced publication, but after six months it ceased publication. Takeover of the Otago Daily Times
Fenwick soon found that the narrowness of life in Cromwell and the absence of opportunities were not congenial to his temperament, which lead him in 1871, to sell his part-ownership in the newspaper to his brother William and move to Dunedin. He eventually joined John Mackay (who subsequently became Government printer) as partner in a general printing business based in Princes Street. In 1875 he took up the position of manager of the Otago Guardian, which was performing poorly. Soon recognizing that it was impossible to stem the heavy losses that the newspaper was incurring Fenwick recommended to the directors of the company that they sell both it and the company's weekly paper, the Southern Mercury. Taking his advice, the publications were soon after sold to <mask> Reed, who had previously been in partnership with Henry Brett in the Auckland Star. When deciding to purchase the publications Reed believed that he could redeem the newspaper's fortunes by the sheer force and power of bis writing and editing.Against his better judgment, <mask> was influenced by Reed's conviction, and stayed on in his position and also became a partner. The business however continued to deteriorate and it took little more than a year's experience for Reed by 1877 to come to share Fenwick's view that Dunedin was not able to support two morning newspapers, theirs and the much larger and more prosperous Otago Daily Times. Fenwick had a brainstorm and staggered Reed when he proposed that they should endeavor to purchase via a reverse takeover the company that owned the Otago Daily Times and Otago Witness. Thus by amalgamating their publications with their older-established more successful rivals, they could transform the two concerns into a lucrative business. The directors of their rivals were adamantly opposed and it was necessary for Fenwick and Reed by using W. H. Reynolds as secret negotiator and by raising and offer £30,000 before they gained control. As soon as Reed and Fenwick assumed control of the Otago Daily Times and Otago Witness, the Otago Guardian and the Southern Mercury ceased publication. <mask> subsequently became managing director when the business was floated as a public company a year later.Reed edited the Otago Daily Times before departing in 1878 to become New Zealand's immigration agent in Ireland. Campaign against sweating
In October 1888, Presbyterian minister Rutherford Waddell  gave a sermon in Dunedin "On the sin of cheapness", against sweat-shop labour in the clothing industry which stirred many of the local community into action. The cause was taken up by Fenwick in a series of articles published in January 1889 which had been written by the newspaper's chief reporter Silas Spragg (1852 -1935), who was married to his younger sister Alice Robertine <mask>. In response to the campaign a royal commission on sweating was established in 1890. Its conclusions and recommendations formed the basis of many of the country's social reforms of the following decade. He also used his time as editor to support funding of the University of Otago, a women's hospital ward, the expansion of the University of Otago Medical School, and the Hocken Library. Press association
In 1878 <mask> helped found the New Zealand Press Association in competition to the existing New Zealand Press Agency.After the two groups merged in 1879  <mask> became a member of the committee of the resulting United Press Association. When Richard Twopeny resigned from the editorship of the Otago Daily Times in 1890 after a disagreement with the directors, <mask> also took on the editorship duties. In 1894, as editor, he attacked conditions in Dunedin's slaughter-houses, which resulted in a poll in April 1895 which approved the establishment of public abattoirs. In 1909 <mask> handed the editorship of the newspaper to James Hutchison. While William Easton succeeded him as manager in 1919, <mask> remained managing director of the Otago Daily Times until his death. Other activities
<mask> was the founding president of the Newspaper Proprietors' Association, and was also prominent in the industry's professional organisations. He also served as chairman of the New Zealand branch of the Empire Press Union.He was an office-holder in many welfare and cultural organisations, including St Mary's Orphanage, the Prisons Board, YMCA, Dunedin Public Art Gallery, New Zealand Nurses' Memorial Fund, Hocken Library, Otago Expansion League, Shipwreck Belief Society, Patriotic and General Welfare Association and the Patients' and Prisoners' Aid Society. To counter cruelty to horses in 1882 he led the founding of the Otago branch of the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (SPCA). He was a founder member of the Dunedin and Suburban Reserves Conservation Society, which was established on 15 October 1888. He was the founding president of the Dunedin Rotary Club. He also served as a director on numerous companies including Perpetual Trustees Estate, and Agency Company of New Zealand; Standard Insurance Company of New Zealand, United Press Association of New Zealand, and of the Lyttelton Times Company. His commercial interests led to him serving in 1916–1917 as president of the Dunedin Chamber of Commerce. In 1909 <mask> was chairman of the New Zealand delegation to the Imperial Press Conference being held in England.In 1918 he was chairman of the New Zealand press delegation that visited the United Kingdom and France. Other than once heading a licensing committee pool <mask> refused despite being asked on  several occasions to accept nominations as a representative in either local or national politics. He compiled the historical chronicle issued for the Dunedin City Council jubilee in 1915. <mask> was an ardent tramper, making many excursions into the remote regions of Otago and the West Coast. He recorded his enthusiasm for tramping, natural history and travel in a number of books and pamphlets. Death
<mask> died at his home at Napier Street, Mornington, Dunedin on 23 September 1929 following a short illness. He was survived by his wife Lady <mask> and six of their children.Following his funeral service in St Paul's Cathedral on the 24 September he was buried in the Southern Cemetery, in Dunedin. Honours
<mask> was appointed a Knight Bachelor in the 1919 King's Birthday Honours for public services, and invested by the Prince of Wales in 1920 during his visit to Dunedin. <mask> was inducted into the New Zealand Business Hall of Fame in July 2008. Personal life
<mask> married Jane Atlantic Proudfoot at Dunedin in 1874. Jane had been born to Marion (nee Jack) and  <mask> on the board the Strathfieldsaye, while it was en route to Melbourne in 1851. Following the death of her father she and her mother followed her brother David Proudfoot to Dunedin. Jane died on 21 December 1938 at the age of 86, nine years after her husband.The couple had eight children: Lilian <mask> (1880–1957), Linda Constance <mask> (1876–1962), <mask> <mask> (1878–1955), Florence Eveline <mask> (1879–1914), Ruby Beatrice <mask> (1884–1968), Marion Robertine <mask> (1875–1952), David Eardley <mask> (1887–1934) and Stanley Arthur <mask> (1886–1891). Jane and <mask>'s son David Eardley <mask> served in the R.A.M.C. and N.Z.M.C. in World War I, rising to the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel, and for a period was the officer commanding the Queen Mary Hospital for Nervous Diseases. He also served as a member of the Royal Commission on Tuberculosis in New Zealand in 1928. Businessman and environmentalist <mask> was his great-grandson. References

Further reading

External links
<mask>, <mask>.<mask> with family. Photograph of <mask> with his wife  and two of his sons. Sir <mask> and <mask> of Dunedin, New Zealand. Photograph from 1924. <mask>, <mask>. Entry in the New Zealand Business Hall of Fame. 1847 births
1929 deaths
People from Dunedin
New Zealand journalists
Settlers of Otago
New Zealand Knights Bachelor
People from Sunderland
English emigrants to New Zealand

masks:
Sir George Fenwick
Fenwick
Robert Fenwick
George
George Turnbull
Fenwick
George McCullagh
Fenwick
Fenwick
Fenwick
Fenwick
Fenwick
Fenwick
Fenwick
Fenwick
Fenwick
Fenwick
Fenwick
Fenwick
Fenwick
Jane Fenwick
Fenwick
Fenwick
Fenwick
George Proudfoot
May Fenwick
Fenwick
George Earnest
Oswald Fenwick
Fenwick
Fenwick
Fenwick
Fenwick
Fenwick
George
Fenwick
Rob Fenwick
Fenwick
George
George Fenwick
George Fenwick
George Fenwick
Lady Fenwick
Fenwick
George


title: Julian Marquez

texts:
<mask> (born May 8, 1990) is an American professional mixed martial artist currently competing in the Middleweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship. <mask> was born and raised in Kansas City, Missouri, and has a brother, Antonio. He played violin and sang in a choir prior to moving to Kearney, Missouri with his mother. It was in the middle school in Kearney, where the troubled <mask> was put in wrestling at his father's behest to learn discipline. <mask> continued wrestling during his attendance in Missouri Valley College before starting mixed martial arts training at the age of 20. Mixed martial arts career

Early career
<mask> began his professional mixed martial arts career in may of 2014, defeating his opponent Charles Rooks by TKO in just 53 seconds. More than one year later he compiled his second career win.On the 26th February 2016 <mask> suffered his first loss at Bellator 150. After three rounds his opponent Chris Harris was given the unanimous decision win. <mask> went on to win his next three fights in a row including a win over UFC veteran Matt Hamill before debuting in the UFC. Ultimate Fighting Championship
<mask> participated in Dana White's Contender Series 4 on the 1st August 2017 against Phil Hawes. He won the fight by Knockout after landing a head kick in the second round. A middleweight bout against Vitor Miranda was expected to take place on December 16, 2017 at UFC on Fox: Lawler vs. dos Anjos However, on December 4, it was announced that Miranda was pulled from the fight, citing injury and was replaced by Darren Stewart. He won the Fight by Submission via guillotine choke in the second round.He was awarded a Fight of the Night bonus award. <mask> faced Alessio Di Chirico on July 6, 2018 at The Ultimate Fighter 27 Finale. At the weigh-ins, <mask> weighed in at 190 lbs, four pounds over the middleweight limit of 186. He was fined 30% of his fight purse to Di Chirco and the bout proceeded at a catchweight. He lost the fight via split decision. 14 of 17 media members scored the fight for <mask>. During his bout with Alessio, <mask> suffered a fully torn latissimus dorsi, a rare injury, especially to the extent <mask> had sustained.This injury led to <mask> having to get two separate surgeries and leading him to miss almost two full years. <mask> was scheduled to face Saparbek Safarov on August 29, 2020 at UFC Fight Night 175. However, the bout was moved to UFC Fight Night 183 in November after Safarov faced travel restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic. In turn, Safarov pulled out due to weight cut issues a day before the event and the pairing was canceled once again. <mask> faced Maki Pitolo on February 13, 2021 at UFC 258. He secured a comeback win via third round anaconda choke. This win earned him a Performance of the Night award.On that same event, he asked popstar Miley Cyrus to be his valentine to which she agreed if he shaved "MC" (Miley's initials) on his chest. <mask> faced Sam Alvey on April 10, 2021 at UFC on ABC 2. He won the bout via second round rear-naked choke. This win earned him a Fight of the Night award. <mask> was scheduled to face Jordan Wright on October 16, 2021 at UFC Fight Night 195. At the weigh-ins, <mask> was pulled from his middleweight bout against Wright due to "non-COVID health issues." He never made it to the scale, even though his opponent weighed in within the middleweight non-title fight limit.As a result, the bout was cancelled. <mask> was scheduled to face Kyle Daukaus on February 19, 2022 at UFC Fight Night 201. However, <mask> was pulled from the event for undisclosed reasons, and he was replaced by Jamie Pickett. Personal life

<mask> is of Cuban descent through his father, who inspired his nickname. He has a podcast, “Beauty and the Beast”, with pornographic actress Kendra Lust.

masks:
Julian Felipe Marquez
Background Marquez
Marquez
Marquez
Julian Marquez
Marquez
Julian Marquez
Julian Marquez
Julian Marquez
Julian Marquez
Marquez
Julian
Julian
Julian
Marquez
Marquez
Marquez
Marquez
Marquez
Marquez
Marquez
Marquez


title: Richard Tognetti

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<mask> AO (born 4 August 1965) is a leading Australian musician recognised internationally as a violin soloist, ensemble player, leader, composer and arranger, conductor and artistic director. He is currently artistic director and leader of the Australian Chamber Orchestra (ACO) and artistic director of the Festival Maribor in Maribor, Slovenia. Training period
Born in Australia's capital city Canberra, Tognetti was already playing the violin at the age of four. He was raised in Wollongong where he began his violin studies with Harold Brissenden, the retired English violist William Primrose and his wife Hiroko who was a Suzuki method specialist. At the age of 11 he was admitted to the Sydney Conservatorium High School and continued his tertiary studies at the Sydney Conservatorium of Music. His teacher was Alice Waten, herself a graduate of the Moscow Conservatoire and former student of Valery Klimov and David Oistrakh. While there Tognetti became leader and soloist of the chamber orchestra conducted by John Painter who was the Conservatorium's Director and later founder of ACO.In 1980 he won the National Youth Concerto Competition held in Brisbane by the Queensland Youth Symphony. In 1987 Tognetti left Australia for post-graduate studies with Igor Ozim at the Bern Conservatory (now known as the University of the Arts Bern). During his time there he became a member of and soloist with the prestigious Camerata Bern, gave solo performances with the Bern Symphony Orchestra, and was guest concertmaster of the Basel Sinfonietta. Finally, at the end of his studies in 1989 he was awarded the Eduard Tschumi Musikpreis as the best graduate performer of that year. Appointment to the Australian Chamber Orchestra
On return to Australia that same year <mask> was appointed first as leader and then as artistic director of the Australian Chamber Orchestra, a remarkable development for a musician just 25 years old at the time. 2020 will mark the 30th anniversary of his leadership of the orchestra. During that time ACO has become regarded as one of the world's leading chamber orchestras.It tours several times a year around Australia presenting concerts in Adelaide, Brisbane, Canberra, Hobart, Melbourne, Newcastle, Perth, Sydney and Wollongong and participates regularly in various Australian arts festivals. Its annual overseas visits have taken it to the UK and Europe, North America and Asia where it has been heard in some of the greatest concert halls including Amsterdam’s Concertgebouw, London’s Barbican Centre and Royal Festival Hall, Vienna’s Musikverein, Los Angeles' Walt Disney Concert Hall, Washington, D.C.'s John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, New York City’s Carnegie Hall, Birmingham’s Symphony Hall and Frankfurt’s Alte Oper. It has held residencies in Hong Kong, a three-year post in London as International Associate Ensemble at the Barbican Centre's Milton Court, and through Tognetti's role as artistic director of Slovenia's Maribor Festival has had regular engagements there. ACO's reputation has been affirmed in the Australian and international media. For example, Vincent Plush in The Weekend Australian said, "The Australian Chamber Orchestra is uniformly high-octane, arresting and never ordinary", The New York Times' Jeremy Eichler noted "virtuoso ensemble playing and an invigorating spontaneity that seemed to flow from Mr Tognetti's charismatic leadership", The Washington Post's Anne Midgette described the orchestra as having "the energy and vibe of a rock band with the ability of a crack classical chamber group", the Los Angeles Times's Mark Swed said, "this red hot band is long overdue for a major record contract and star treatment", Andrew Clements from the UK's The Guardian declared, "If there’s a better chamber orchestra in the world today, I haven’t heard it", and London's The Times hailed one of its appearances there by saying, "This must be the best chamber orchestra on earth." Tognetti as performer, composer and arranger
Tognetti himself is an extremely versatile violinist with repertoire that covers all periods from the Baroque onwards. As his rapid professional progress suggests, Tognetti is highly regarded as a soloist with the opinions of many expressed in a review from the UK's The Telegraph: "He is one of the most characterful, incisive and impassioned violinists to be heard today."Tognetti uses a number of violins according to need, most frequently the 1743 Guarneri del Gesù violin he has on extended loan from an anonymous owner. Others include period, modern and electric instruments. For example, in 1999 he and Australian rock musician Iva Davies co-wrote for an international millennium broadcast a work called The Ghost of Time for electric violin and orchestra and he performed it with the Sydney Symphony Orchestra on 31 December of that year. Other works by Tognetti include The Red Tree for children's choir, chamber orchestra and projected images, co-written with Australian composer Michael Yezerski and inspired by Shaun Tan's illustrated book of the same name, music for Peter Weir's motion picture Master and Commander: The Far Side of the World co-written with Iva Davies and Christopher Gordon, and his music integrated with that of other composers in his documentaries such as Musica Surfica, The Reef, The Glide, The Crowd and Mountain. Musica Surfica, his film about music and his hobby surfing, won Best Feature at the 2008 New York Surf Film Festival. As an arranger Tognetti has created repertoire for many different ensembles including ACO who have performed and recorded these works. Composers have included Janáček (String Quartet No 1 'Kreutzer Sonata'), Szymanowski (String Quartet No 2, Op 56), Haas (String Quartet No 2, Op.7 'From the Monkey Mountains'), Paganini (Tognetti's own work Caprice on Caprices based on two of the original Caprices for solo violin), Schubert (String Quartet No 14 in D minor, D 810 'Death and the Maiden'), Beethoven (Violin Sonata No 9 in A major, Op 47 'Kreutzer'), Grieg (String Quartet No 1 in G minor, Op 27), Ravel (String Quartet in F major) and Satie (Choses vues à droite et à gauche (sans lunettes)). Along with his busy schedule with ACO, Tognetti has appeared with other ensembles such as the Orchestra of the Age of Enlightenment, the Academy of Ancient Music, the Luxembourg Philharmonic Orchestra, the Slovenian Philharmonic Orchestra, the Handel and Haydn Society (Boston), the Hong Kong Philharmonic Orchestra, the Camerata Salzburg, the Tapiola Sinfonietta, the Irish Chamber Orchestra, the Nordic Chamber Orchestra and all the major Australian symphony orchestras, particularly the Melbourne Symphony Orchestra and Tasmanian Symphony Orchestra with whom he has appeared as soloist and director. He has also performed with various musicians from different genres including an appearance with Scottish classical accordionist James Crabb at the Opening Ceremony of the 2003 Rugby World Cup. At the 2001 Sydney Festival he made his debut as an opera conductor with Opera Australia's production of Mozart's Mitridate, re di Ponto, K 87. Recordings
As a soloist Tognetti has made many recordings including the violin concertos of Bach (ABC Classics ABC4765691), Beethoven (ABC Classics ABC4654252), Mozart (BIS BISSACD1754 & BISSACD1755) Vivaldi (BIS BISCD2103) and Dvořák (BIS BISCD1708) as well as chamber works such as Bach's Sonatas and Partitas for Solo Violin, BWV 1001–1006 (ABC Classics ABC4768051) and the Sonatas for Violin and Harpsichord, BWV 1014–1019 (ABC Classics ABC4765942). .). Honours and awards
In 1997 Tognetti received an honorary Doctor of Creative Arts degree from the University of Wollongong, the youngest recipient ever to receive such an award from that university.This was followed in 2003 with an honorary Doctor of Music degree from the University of Western Australia and in 2005 with an honorary Doctor of Music degree from the University of Sydney. In 1999 Tognetti was declared a National Living Treasure, an award administered by the National Trust of Australia and based on popular vote. In 2006 Tognetti received the Sir Bernard Heinze Memorial Award jointly administered by the Friends of the Melbourne Symphony Orchestra and the  University of Melbourne School of Music. This award is given to a person who has made a significant contribution to Australian music and there is only one recipient in each year. On Australia Day 2010 Tognetti was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia for service to music through leadership of the Australian Chamber Orchestra, as an internationally acclaimed violinist, through the development and promotion of educational programs for children, support for emerging artists and contributions to charitable organisations. In 2017, Tognetti received the JC Williamson Award, an Australian music industry award for live performance. AIR Awards
The Australian Independent Record Awards (known colloquially as the AIR Awards) is an annual awards night to recognise, promote and celebrate the success of Australia's Independent Music sector.

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| 2021
| Brahms: Symphonies 3 & 4 Ensemble Offspring - Songbirds
| Best Independent Classical Album or EP
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|
|}

ARIA Music Awards
The ARIA Music Awards is an annual awards ceremony that recognises excellence, innovation, and achievement across all genres of Australian music. |-
| 1993
| Janáček: Kreutzer Sonata for Strings, Barber: Adagio for Strings, Walton: Sonata for Strings (with Australian Chamber Orchestra)
|rowspan="12"| Best Classical Album
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|-
|rowspan="2"| 1994
| Mendelssohn: Octet in E Flat for Strings Op. 20 Sinfonia No. 9 in C. Swiss (with Australian Chamber Orchestra)
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|-
| Symphony Serenades and Suites (with Australian Chamber Orchestra)
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|-
| 2000
| Beethoven Violin Concerto & Mozart Symphony No. 40 (with Australian Chamber Orchestra)
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|-
| 2006
| Bach Sonatas and Partitas for Solo Violin
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|-
| 2007
| Bach Violin Concertos (with Australian Chamber Orchestra)
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|-
| 2008
| Bach Sonatas for Violin & Keyboard (with Neal Peres Da Costa & Daniel Yeadon)
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|-
| 2010
| Mozart Violin Concertos (with Christopher Moore & Australian Chamber Orchestra)
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|-
| 2011
| Mozart Violin Concertos Vol 2 (with Australian Chamber Orchestra)
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|-
| 2016
| Mozart's Last Symphonies (with Australian Chamber Orchestra)
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| 2019
| Heroines (with Australian Chamber Orchestra & Nicole Car)
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| 2020
| Beethoven & Mozart Violin Sonatas (with Erin Helyard)
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|-

Personal life
Tognetti was first married to winemaker Susie Roberts. They had a son, Leonardo, in 2002, and were divorced in 2005. He is now married to violinist Satu Vänskä, the assistant leader of the ACO.He has a brother, <mask> who is an Arts teacher in Wollongong, Australia. References

External links
 Australian Chamber Orchestra website Home. Accessed 6 September 2019. Australian Chamber Orchestra on Spotify Australian Chamber Orchestra. Accessed 6 September 2019. <mask> on Spotify <mask>tti. Accessed 6 September.Australian Chamber Orchestra on Apple Australian Chamber Orchestra on Apple Music. Accessed 6 September 2019. Australian Chamber Orchestra on Soundcloud Australian Chamber Orchestra. Accessed 6 September 2019. Australian Chamber Orchestra on Instagram Login • Instagram. Accessed 6 September 2019. Australian Chamber Orchestra on YouTube Australian Chamber Orchestra - YouTube.Accessed 6 September 2019. Maribor Festival website Festival Maribor 2019: HOME. Accessed 6 September 2019. <mask> interviewed by Maureen Cavanaugh for the University of California Television (UCTV), August 2005 <mask> & the Australian Chamber Orchestra - La Jolla Music Society's SummerFest 2005. Accessed 6 September 2019. ARIA Award winners
Australian male composers
Australian composers
Australian conductors (music)
Australian classical violinists
Male classical violinists
Sydney Conservatorium of Music alumni
1965 births
Living people
Australian people of Italian descent
Officers of the Order of Australia
21st-century conductors (music)
21st-century classical violinists
21st-century Australian male musicians
21st-century Australian musicians

masks:
Richard Leo Tognetti
Tognetti
Simon Tognetti
Richard Tognetti
Richard Togne
Richard Tognetti
Richard Tognetti


title: Jeremiah Martin

texts:
<mask> (born June 19, 1996) is an American professional basketball player who last played for the New Zealand Breakers of the Australian National Basketball League (NBL). He played college basketball for the Memphis Tigers. Early life and high school career
<mask> grew up in Memphis, Tennessee and Mitchell High School. He was a three year starter for the school's basketball team and Mitchell won the TSSAA Class A state season in his junior and senior seasons. As a senior, <mask> was named Tennessee Mr. Basketball and the MVP of the TSSAA State Tournament after scoring 19 points in the state title game. <mask> initially committed to play college basketball at Louisiana Tech, but de-committed in favor of playing at Memphis. College career
<mask> played four seasons for the Memphis Tigers.He appeared in 29 games as a freshman, starting five, and averaged 2.7 points and 1.2 assists per game. He became the team's starting point guard as a sophomore, averaging 10.3 points per game and leading the Tigers with 4.4 assists and 1.8 steals per game. As a junior, <mask> averaged 18.9 points, 4.3 rebounds, 3.8 assists and an American Athletic Conference (AAC)-leading 2.3 steals per game and was named second team All-AAC, despite missing seven games due to a foot injury. In his senior season, <mask> started all 36 of Memphis's games and was named first team All-AAC after averaging 19.7 points, 4.4 assists, 4.3 rebounds, and 2.19 steals per game. <mask> led the team in points with 708 (the second most by a senior in Memphis history), as well as field goals (220), free throws made (202), assists (157), steals (79) and minutes played (1,236). He became the first player in school history with multiple 40-point games after scoring 41 points (all in the second half) against South Florida on February 2, 2019 and a career-high 43 against Tulane on February 20, 2019. He finished his collegiate career 10th in school history with 1,625 points scored and 436 assists.After his senior season <mask> participated in the Portsmouth Invitational Tournament and was named to the All-Tournament team after averaging 15 points, 5.6 assists and 5.3 rebounds per game in three games. Professional career

Sioux Falls Skyforce (2019–2020)
<mask> worked out for several teams leading up to the 2019 NBA Draft, but ultimately went unselected. He was named to the Miami Heat's Summer League roster and averaged 7.7 points and 2.3 assists in seven games. <mask> signed an Exhibit 10 contract with the Miami Heat on July 12, 2019. On October 15, 2019, <mask> was waived by the Heat. Following training camp, <mask> was added to the roster of the Heat's NBA G League affiliate, the Sioux Falls Skyforce. On November 30, he tallied 31 points, four rebounds, two assists and one steal in a win over the Northern Arizona Suns.Brooklyn Nets (2020)
On January 15, 2020, <mask> was signed by the Brooklyn Nets to a two-way contract. On January 22, <mask> contributed 24 points, five rebounds, four assists, four steals and a block in a win over the South Bay Lakers. <mask> made his NBA debut on January 31 against the Chicago Bulls, playing two minutes and grabbing a rebound in a 133–118 win. <mask> scored his first career points on February 5, scoring two points on one for three shooting with one assist and one steal in the final nine minutes of a 129–88 win over the Golden State Warriors. On August 11, he scored a career high 24 points in a 108–96 win over the Orlando Magic. <mask> was waived just prior to the start of the 2020–21 season. Long Island Nets (2021)
On January 27, 2021, <mask> re-signed with the Long Island Nets where he appeared in 15 games, all starts and averaged 18.5 points, 3.7 rebounds, 5.1 assists and 2.4 steals in 31.8 minutes.Cleveland Cavaliers (2021)
On April 28, 2021, <mask> signed a two-way contract with the Cleveland Cavaliers. And the next off-season, <mask> joined the New York Knicks and the Atlanta Hawks for the 2021 NBA summer league. New Zealand Breakers (2021–2022)
On October 3, 2021, <mask> signed with the New Zealand Breakers for the 2021–22 NBL season. On February 10, 2022, he parted ways with the Breakers. <mask> averaged 12.3 points, 2.8 rebounds and 3.5 assists over ten games with the Breakers.

masks:
Jeremiah Martin
Martin
Martin
Martin
Martin
Martin
Martin
Martin
Martin
Martin
Martin
Martin
Martin
Martin
Martin
Martin
Martin
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Martin


title: John Dutton (defensive lineman)

texts:
<mask> (born February 6, 1951) is a former football defensive end in the National Football League for the Baltimore Colts and Dallas Cowboys. He played college football at the University of Nebraska. Early years
Born and raised in Rapid City, South Dakota, <mask> attended Cathedral High School, where the football team was undefeated in his junior year. After the school closed in the fall of 1968, he transferred to Central High School and led the Cobblers to the state Class A basketball title in his senior year (1969). <mask> was a two-time All-state selection in basketball and football. He received high school All-American recognition in both sports as a senior and was also an accomplished Discus thrower. In 1993, he was inducted into the South Dakota Sports Hall of Fame.College career
Although he received more scholarship offers for basketball, he opted to accept a football scholarship from the University of Nebraska to play under head coach Bob Devaney. In 1971, as an alternate starter, he was part of the 1971 national championship team. <mask> participated in the 1971 Nebraska-Oklahoma game, also called the "Game of the Century", generally considered one of the greatest college football games ever played. As a junior, he was named the starter at defensive end, registering 67 tackles (second on the team). As a senior in 1973 under new head coach Tom Osborne, he earned All-America and All-Big 8 honors. He posted 71 tackles (fourth on the team) and 8 sacks. In the Cotton Bowl in Dallas against the Texas, <mask> and the Blackshirts held the Longhorns to one field goal and 196 total yards or the Huskers' fifth bowl victory in as many seasons.He also competed in the discus throw with the track team. In 1981, he was inducted into the University of Nebraska Athletics Hall of Fame. Professional career

Baltimore Colts
<mask> was the fifth overall selection of the 1974 NFL Draft, taken by the Baltimore Colts. The 6-foot-7, 266-pound defensive end was ahead of his time and became an immediate starter at right defensive end, receiving NFL all-rookie honors at the end of the season. He had 79 tackles, 5 unofficial sacks and one pass defensed. In the three consecutive seasons in which the Colts won the AFC East title from 1975 to 1977, he was a starting member of a defensive front four who collectively called themselves the "Looney Tunes" and was also known as the "Sack Pack." He led the Colts in sacks with a career-high 17, to go along with 73 tackles (second on the team) and one fumble recovery in 1975.He had 3 sacks against the Kansas City Chiefs. He was named to the first of three straight Pro Bowls, becoming one of the most dominant defensive lineman in the NFL. In 1976, he led the team with 13 unofficial sacks and had 73 tackles. In 1977, he appeared in 12 out of 14 games. He had 6 unofficial sacks and 39 tackles. He had 3 sacks against the Buffalo Bills. In 1978, he led the team with 6 unofficial sacks and 3 fumble recoveries, while also making 115 tackles (third on the team).He started 14 games, before missing the last 2 with a foot injury. He had 10 solo tackles against the Miami Dolphins. Dallas Cowboys
On October 9, 1979, a contract holdout forced the Colts to trade him to the Dallas Cowboys. Because of the retirement of Jethro Pugh and the desire of Ed "Too Tall" Jones to become a professional boxer, the Cowboys traded the first (#24-Derrick Hatchett) and second round pick (#51-Tim J. Foley) in the 1980 NFL Draft. He appeared in 8 games, starting in the final 4 contests including the playoffs. He registered 25 tackles and one unofficial sack. When Jones returned in 1980, <mask> moved to left defensive tackle, playing behind Larry Cole.He tallied 52 tackles, 3.5 unofficial sacks, 2 fumble recoveries and one interception returned for a touchdown. In 1981, with the retirement of Cole, he started 16 games alongside Randy White, establishing a formidable defensive line that also included Jones and Harvey Martin. He recorded 81 tackles (sixth on the team), 4.5 unofficial sacks and 5 passes batted-down. He couldn't play in the NFC Championship Game against the San Francisco 49ers because of a bruised thigh and Larry Bethea started in his place. In 1982, he appeared in only 9 contests because of injuries and the player's strike, making 38 tackles and 2 sacks. In 1983, he had 71 tackles and 4.5 sacks. In 1984, he tallied 73 tackles and 2.5 sacks.He was part of the 1985 defensive unit that holds the Cowboys' single-season sack record (62). He came out in obvious passing downs, finishing with 74 tackles and 4 sacks. In 1986, he had 59 tackles and 5 sacks. In 1987, he was passed on the depth chart by Kevin Brooks and was released three games after the end of the player's strike on November 13. He spent 14 seasons and 185 games in the NFL and recorded only 18 official sacks, because the NFL didn't recognize quarterback sacks as an official statistic until 1982. During his 9 years in Dallas, he helped the Cowboys reach the NFC title game three straight years (1980, 1981 and 1982). He may have been the best Cowboys defensive lineman to have never won a Super Bowl ring.Personal life
After his career in the NFL, former Husker <mask> retired to Lincoln, Nebraska. He became involved in businesses and for a short time owned and operated Dutton's Den, an off-sale liquor store and restaurant. He also founded a signs company. <mask> now lives in Dallas, Texas. References

External links
 Zimmerman, Paul. "No One's Got The Dutton," Sports Illustrated, October 8, 1979. <mask> Nebraska Hall of Fame profile
 <mask> South Dakota Hall of Fame profile
 Klingaman, Mike."Catching Up With...former Colt <mask>," The Toy Department

1951 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Rapid City, South Dakota
Players of American football from South Dakota
American football defensive tackles
American football defensive ends
Nebraska Cornhuskers football players
Nebraska Cornhuskers men's track and field athletes
All-American college football players
Baltimore Colts players
Dallas Cowboys players
American Conference Pro Bowl players
Track and field athletes from South Dakota

masks:
John Owen Dutton
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John Dutton
John Dutton
John Dutton


title: Sasaki Tōichi

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Lieutenant General  was a Japanese soldier who served in the Imperial Japanese Army. He was known as an expert on Chinese affairs, had close relationships with leading figures in the Kuomintang (KMT)'s National Revolutionary Army during the 1920s, and expressed sympathy for their cause. A violent encounter with KMT forces during the 1928 Jinan incident, however, led him to abandon his pro-KMT stance, and adopt a pessimistic attitude toward China. He later served as chief military advisor to the Japanese puppet state Manchukuo, and during the Second Sino-Japanese War, he was involved in perpetrating the Nanjing massacre. In the last days of the Second World War, <mask> was captured by Soviet troops and handed over to the Chinese communists, who interned him at the Fushun War Criminals Management Centre, where he died in 1955. He was a prolific writer, and left detailed accounts of his experiences in China. Early life
<mask> was born in Matsuyama, Ehime Prefecture, Japan, on 27 January 1886, and was the eldest son of Major .His family later moved to Hiroshima, where he attended Seibi Primary School, which was affiliated with the Kaikosha, an organisation that provided a number of services to officers of the Imperial Japanese Army. He went on to attend Hiroshima Prefectural First Middle School, and then entered the Imperial Japanese Army Academy in 1902. He graduated in November 1905, and the following June, was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the 5th Division of the Imperial Japanese Army. Military career

Early career and travels across China (1911–1921)

In March 1911, the 5th Division was deployed to Manchuria, and this was the first time <mask> set foot in a foreign country. <mask> failed to gain admission to the Army War College in December of that year, after the outbreak of the Xinhai Revolution that overthrew the Qing dynasty. He decided instead to remain in Manchuria to learn Mongolian and Chinese. Accordingly, he transferred to the Manchuria , which was charged with guarding the South Manchuria Railway.In February 1912, with a wave of anti-Manchu sentiment sweeping China, <mask>'s battalion was ordered to protect warehouses in Tieling. <mask> wrote in his Autobiography of a Soldier that he received praise for his orchestration of negotiations with revolutionaries in the area, whereby he arranged for their transit through Tieling without conflict. Following this incident, <mask>'s interest in China only continued to grow. Having received advice that he would need to graduate the Army War College if he wanted to become a China specialist for the military, <mask> took the entrance test again in 1914, gaining admission. Upon entrance to the college, <mask>'s performance in subjects unrelated to Chinese studies, in which he had little interest, was so poor that he was danger of dropping out. Despite this, he successfully completed his course and graduated from the college in November 1917. In July 1918, he returned to China when he was assigned to the defence force of Japanese-occupied Qingdao in Shandong Province.While in Qingdao, <mask> was given responsibility for topographical surveys of China. He researched Chinese maps, and went on expeditions to verify topographical features. He travelled to Nanjing and Hankou (part of what is now Wuhan), and planned to visit Henan Province, but contracted the Spanish flu mid-journey and was forced to call off the expedition to convalesce. The following year, he resumed his expeditions, travelling across China on foot to document its topographical features. During this time, he became deeply acquainted with the land, and with the lives of the everyday Chinese. In September 1919, he was assigned to the Siberian Expeditionary Army, and served in the Japanese intervention in Siberia during the Russian Civil War, based in Manzhouli. <mask>'s role was to serve as a liaison officer between Japanese and Chinese forces under the Sino-Japanese Military Agreement of May 1918, and later, to help provide military assistance to White Russian Cossack leader Grigory Mikhaylovich Semyonov.After Japan cut off assistance to Semyonov in line with the Gongota Agreement of 1920, <mask>'s immediate superior ordered him to help Semyonov escape east to Primorskaya Oblast, contrary to the army's policy. Having completed this mission, the unknowing <mask> reported to the Japanese command in Vladivostok, upon which he was reprimanded for aiding Semyonov, whose presence in the region could upset Japan's efforts to support the Far Eastern Republic neutral buffer state. Thereafter, <mask> was effectively demoted, given a job with no duties in Vladivostok, and in June 1921, made to return to Japan to serve as a company leader (an inferior post that he had already served in after graduation from the Army War College). <mask> wrote that this experience affected him greatly, and that he seriously considered quitting the military, but decided to remain following advice from his friend Sakai Takashi, who then worked in the China Department at the Imperial Japanese Army General Staff Office. In December 1921, he was appointed to work in the China Department, marking his return to active involvement in Chinese affairs. As liaison to the Kuomintang (1922–1924)

In August 1922, <mask>, now holding the rank of major, was approached about his willingness to replace Isogai Rensuke as Japan's military attaché in Guangzhou, which was the base of Sun Yat-sen's Kuomintang (KMT) government. <mask> eagerly accepted the post, generally considered undesirable as compared to posts in Beijing and Nanjing, which were then under the control of the internationally-recognised Beiyang government.He left Japan for Guangzhou in September 1922, travelling via Taipei and Hong Kong. At the time of <mask>'s arrival, Guangzhou was under the control of Chen Jiongming, who had launched a rebellion against the KMT. <mask>'s office in the Shamian Anglo-French concession area consisted of two rented rooms, and no other Japanese personnel were present. He first encountered Sun Yat-sen after Sun's return to Guangzhou in February 1923, following his forces' recapture of the city. <mask> eagerly studied the KMT, and developed close relationships with important members of its leadership. He was unique in his interest in the KMT, which was not recognised by the Japanese government, and other Japanese diplomatic and military personnel were not keen on how closely he interacted with them. <mask> admired Sun as an idealistic revolutionary, who did not fight for his own personal interest like the warlords of the Beiyang government, but in the interest of his country.In contrast, <mask> viewed the warlord armies as an anti-societal "collection of beggars, thugs, gamblers, and thieves", and considered them the primary obstacle to China's reunification. Sun Yat-sen would later request <mask>'s assistance in devising military strategies, and thus he became one of Sun's military advisors. <mask> frequently travelled with Sun on his armoured train, and observed the KMT's operations. On one of these train trips, he was introduced to Chiang Kai-shek, though he did not think much of him at the time. In <mask>'s Autobiography of a Soldier, he claims that he proposed the design of what would later become known as the Zhongshan suit, though this cannot be corroborated. In June 1924, on invitation from Japanese-trained General Instructor He Yingqin, <mask> visited the newly-opened Whampoa Military Academy, and was struck by its resemblance to his alma mater. Around this time, an anti-British strike had paralysed the Shamian concession where <mask> lived, and he expressed his sympathy for the strikers, who he believed were on the path to restoring sovereignty to China.While <mask> supported the reunification of China under KMT rule, he always believed that this would not include Manchuria, which, according to <mask>, Sun Yat-sen indicated would be entrusted to Japan following the defeat of the warlords. In Tokyo, Beijing and Nanjing (1924–1927)

In August 1924, he returned to Japan to serve in the Imperial Japanese Army General Staff Office and as an instructor at the Army War College. Focusing on future of Sun and the KMT, <mask> published papers suggesting that the KMT would go on to reunify China in a "fourth revolution". The Japanese military, however, was extremely sceptical of Sun, and <mask> recalled being teased by Koiso Kuniaki: "<mask>, where's that revolution of yours?" When <mask> participated in a lecture held by Ōkawa Shūmei's Emperor Jimmu Society (a right-wing organisation), he referred to Sun with the honorific sensei, which Ōkawa criticised as being absurd, and a verbal argument ensued. <mask>, who was a prolific writer, later became friends with Ōkawa, and his works were frequently published by Ōkawa's organisations. In November 1924, <mask> was ordered to return to China to report on the proceedings of a conference between Sun, Beiyang leader Zhang Zuolin, and Duan Qirui in the aftermath of the Second Zhili–Fengtian War.He met Sun in Tianjin, where he found the KMT leader stricken with illness. Sun would go on to die in March of the next year, and <mask> speculated that this would result in the KMT's unleashing of "a new level of destructiveness". Continuing to make numerous trips to China, <mask> was promoted to lieutenant colonel in 1926, and in September of that year, was assigned to the Japanese Legation in Beijing as aide to military attaché Honjō Shigeru. <mask>, who still despised the warlords of the Beiyang government, did not get along with their Japanese military advisors, and actively avoided attending banquets held by Zhang Zuolin. Around this time, Chiang Kai-shek had taken up leadership of the National Revolutionary Army (NRA), begun the Northern Expedition to reunify China, and had attacked Hankou. In a paper published in April 1927, <mask> wrote of his expectation that the KMT would successfully unite China. He stated that while the Northern Expedition would likely upset Japanese interests in the short term, these should be sacrificed for the sake of Japan's long term interest in the maintenance of peace and stability in East Asia, which would be facilitated by Chinese reunification.Most of his colleagues, however, remained pessimistic. In March 1927, following the Nanjing incident, which included an attack on the Japanese consulate and the near assassination of the Japanese consul, <mask> was posted to Nanjing, where it was hoped that his connections with KMT could be used to protect Japanese interests. The Japanese military and <mask> laid the blame for that incident on radical communist fringes within the KMT, and began to search for a way to co-operate with Chiang Kai-shek, who would soon begin his own conflict with the KMT leftist government in Wuhan. <mask> was concerned about the destructive force being unleashed by the revolutionary movement, and Matsui Iwane even

masks:
Sasaki
Sasaki Tichi
Sasaki
Sasaki
Sasaki
Sasaki
Sasaki
Sasaki
Sasaki
Sasaki
Sasaki
Sasaki
Sasaki
Sasaki
Sasaki
Sasaki
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Sasaki
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Sasaki
Sasaki
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Sasaki
Sasaki
Sasaki
Sasaki
Sasaki
Sasaki
Sasaki
Sasaki
Sasaki
Sasaki
Sasaki
Sasaki
Sasaki
Sasaki
Sasaki
Sasaki


title: Sasaki Tōichi

texts:
 suggested that he try to become Chiang's military advisor, but <mask> replied that he would merely be used by Chiang, and declined. During this time, <mask> would make continued trips between Shanghai, Nanjing, and Wuhan. Jinan incident and aftermath (1928–1931)

In January 1928, Chiang Kai-shek returned to the position of leader of the Northern Expedition, and restarted the NRA's advance north. <mask> requested permission to embed with the NRA, and was granted permission to do so from April.The Japanese command was concerned that the advancing NRA, which was approaching the Japanese sphere of influence in Shandong Province, might come into conflict with Japanese forces in the region, and hoped that <mask> could serve as a liaison between the two sides. During his time in the NRA, the Japanese Shandong Expeditions had heightened anti-Japanese sentiment among the Chinese, and in May, the two sides came into conflict in the Jinan incident. Upon the NRA's arrival into Jinan, <mask> met with the Japanese commander in the city, Major General , to convey a message from Chiang Kai-shek. The message requested the removal of security barricades established by the Japanese across the city. Saitō agreed to the request. On 3 May, however, a conflict broke out between Chinese and Japanese troops. Chiang then requested that <mask> serve as an envoy to the Japanese military, whereby he was to request a truce.After he delivered this message, the Japanese side requested that he return to Chiang with a similar message. As <mask> attempted to cross the NRA front line, however, he was stopped by Chinese troops, and dragged onto the ground. <mask>'s Chinese orderly made pleas in Cantonese to the effect that <mask> was a guest of Chiang, and that he must not be killed, but none of the soldiers understood that language. <mask> was badly beaten with a metal rod amid shouts of "Kill, kill, kill" and "down with Japanese imperialism! ", and all of his belongings were stolen. Eventually, one of Chiang's officers arrived and saved <mask> from the mob, but the damage had already been done. The Japanese response to <mask>'s beating was swift: Major General Tatekawa Yoshitsugu said it had become "necessary for Japan to chastise the lawless Chinese soldiers in order to maintain Japan's national and military prestige", and General Fukuda Hikosuke would soon launch an all-out assault on NRA positions in Jinan.<mask> was soon ordered to return to Japan to report on the Jinan incident. <mask>'s words were twisted by newspapers into expressing support for the KMT side, and he was treated as a coward and traitor upon his arrival back in Japan. As a result, he was ordered to take leave. While he was visiting the hot springs of the Izu Peninsula, Tashiro Kanichirō requested that he return to China, upon which he travelled to Nanjing in early June. However, from this point, the Chinese side refused all contact with <mask>. When Chiang Kai-shek visited the badly injured <mask> during the Jinan incident, he expressed distrust in the actions of the Japanese military, and said that his hopes for co-operation had evaporated. <mask>, who felt betrayed by the KMT, wrote to his superiors that if the Chinese tried to evade responsibility for the Jinan incident, the Japanese would have no choice but to respond with force, now favouring a hard-line approach.Despite this, he was removed from the negotiations. In this way, <mask> found himself being treated by the Japanese as if he were a KMT spy, and by the Chinese as if he were a spy of the Japanese military. This experience led him to abandon his dream of a modern China led by the KMT, and shift toward a hard-line view on China rooted in pessimism, similar to that of his colleagues. <mask> claimed that, following the Jinan incident, he gave  the idea for Zhang Zuolin's assassination in the Huanggutun incident, proposing that the death of Zhang would sweep up Manchuria in a revolution that would arouse Japanese public interest in the region, and provide a pretext for an invasion. There is nothing to corroborate this claim, however. In April 1929, <mask> was assigned to the , and in August 1930, he was elevated to the rank of colonel. While serving as commander of the Toyohashi-based 18th Infantry Regiment in 1931, he took part in the October incident coup attempt as an intermediary to coup supporters across Japan.The attempt failed, and though <mask> was questioned by the Kenpeitai (military police), he was not punished. In Manchuria (1932–1937)

When the January 28 incident broke out in January 1932, <mask> was to be deployed to Shanghai as part of Shirakawa Yoshinori's army staff, but a truce was reached before his unit was brought into action. In the same year, he was appointed chief of staff of the 9th Division, before being elevated to the post of Kwantung Army-affiliated military advisor to the new puppet state of Manchukuo, where he was to aid in the establishment of the Manchukuo Army. From December 1934, <mask> served as chief military advisor to Manchukuo, and received a promotion to major general in March 1935. <mask> devoted himself to the cultivation of the Manchukuo military, which he viewed as an opportunity to demonstrate the fruits of his long observation of Chinese military forces. He was credited with converting the Manchukuo military from a mere domestic peacekeeping force into a true regular army. During this time, <mask> also cultivated a plan to use four cadets who had participated in the 15 May incident coup attempt as agents to promote resistance against European colonial rule in Southeast Asia, though this never came to fruition.By 1934, <mask> had become convinced that, contrary to his earlier convictions, conflict between Japan and China was inevitable. In such a circumstance, <mask> believed, Japan could not risk losing access to Manchuria's natural resources, and therefore was justified in its intervention in the region. He wrote that he viewed the Mukden incident as a "revolution" that had liberated the people of Manchuria from "feudal" warlord rule, and an attempt to establish a modern "moral state" rooted in multi-ethnic harmony. Upon arrival in Manchuria, however, <mask> was disappointed. He noted that the Japanese administrators of the state behaved no differently from those in the colonies of Taiwan and Korea, and during his time as military advisor, repeatedly advised that Japanese officers should dispose of their "feelings of superiority" to the Chinese. <mask> went on to write that, five years after its establishment, in 1937, Manchukuo was not an "independent state", and that the continued references to it as such were nothing more than "self-deception". He also noted that the Manchukuo army was not held together by any noble national ethos (such as the aforementioned "multi-ethnic harmony"), but instead by a comprehensive system of punishment and reward.The disaffected <mask> left Manchuria a few months later in August 1937, when he was unexpectedly made commander of the 30th Brigade of the 16th Division. Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–1941)

<mask>'s 30th Brigade was deployed to participate in the Second Sino-Japanese War in November 1937. As the brigade was loaded onto ships at Dairen in the Kwantung Leased Territory, even <mask> was not informed of their intended destination. Only once onboard was he allowed to open a sealed packet of documents revealing that he would be headed to the Shanghai area. His brigade landed north of Shanghai at Baimaokou during the night/morning of 13–14 November, initially with the objective of encircling Chinese troops in Shanghai during the ongoing battle there. Their mission was quickly shifted, however, into a march westward on the Chinese capital, Nanjing. Having approached Nanjing via the northern foot of the Purple Mountain, <mask> arrived in the city on 13 December, and began an assault on its northern gate as part of the Battle of Nanjing.In a diary entry written that day, <mask> described his unit's participation in the slaughter of prisoners of war and civilians during the Nanjing massacre:

The following day, <mask> wrote that he was in "complete control" of two regiments in charge of "mopping up" in the city, and that his troops "relentlessly killed at once" any remnants of the defeated Chinese troops that "resisted or refused to comply". He noted that the moat of the Taiping Gate was "filled with dead bodies", and that the commercial district of Xiaguan had been "burned to ashes". On 26 December, <mask> indicated that he was appointed chairman of the "Pacification Committee", and charged with eliminating Chinese troops in Nanjing that had hidden among ordinary citizens. Observing the destruction his forces had wrought upon the city he once lived in, <mask> wrote:

In March 1938, he was elevated to lieutenant general, and served as the commander of the 3rd Independent Mixed Brigade. In August of that year, <mask> was appointed to the newly-created post of commander of the Kenpeitai in China (), which was under the North China Area Army's jurisdiction. <mask>, who was known for his success in endeavouring to pacify (, chian shukusei) Manchukuo, performed a similar role in North China. Then, in September 1939, he was made commander of the 10th Division based in Himeji.Just before the breakout of the Pacific War, he retired and was designated as a member of the reserve. Following his retirement, he settled in the Hoshi-ga-Ura area of Dairen, and served on the board of directors of the Concordia Association. Later life and death
Near the end of the Second World War in July 1945, <mask> was recalled to active duty, and was appointed commander of the newly-formed 149th Division, based in Manchuria. The division never saw combat during the Soviet invasion of the region and was disarmed on 23 August, after which <mask> was taken prisoner by the Soviet Army. He was then handed over to the Chinese communist authorities, who interned him at the Fushun War Criminals Management Centre in Liaoning Province. He died there of a cerebral haemorrhage on 30 May 1955. Works
Works written by <mask> include:
 Shokō no shina [China's Dawn], 1926
 Shina rikugun kaizōron [Essay on the Reform of the Chinese Army], 1927
 Nanpō kakumei seiryoku no jissō to sono hihan [Critique of the Reality of the Southern Revolutionary Forces], 1927
 Bukan ka Nankin ka [Wuhan or Nanjing], 1927
 Shina-nai sōsen jūgun-ki [My Experience of the Strife in China], 1931
 Watashi wa shina o kaku miru [I View China Thus], 1942
 Aru gunjin no jiden [Autobiography of a Soldier], 1963

References

Citations

Bibliography

1886 births
1955 deaths
People from Matsuyama, Ehime
Japanese generals
Imperial Japanese Army personnel of World War II
Military personnel from Ehime Prefecture
People of the Northern Expedition
People of Manchukuo
Prisoners who died in Chinese detention
Nanjing Massacre perpetrators
Military personnel of the Second

masks: Sasaki Sasaki Sasaki Sasaki Sasaki Sasaki Sasaki Sasaki Sasaki Sasaki Sasaki Sasaki Sasaki Sasaki Sasaki Sasaki Sasaki Sasaki Sasaki Sasaki Sasaki Sasaki Sasaki Sasaki Sasaki Sasaki Sasaki Sasaki Sasaki Sasaki Sasaki Sasaki Sasaki Sasaki Sasaki Sasaki Sasaki Sasaki Sasaki Sasaki Sasaki Sasaki