title: Alyn Shipton

texts:
<mask> (born 24 November 1953) is an English jazz author, presenter,  critic, and jazz bassist. Early life
<mask> became interested in jazz in his youth and formally studied cello, but also played double bass in a school jazz band. He played both cello and bass in the West Surrey Youth Orchestra, and played in the first performance of John Dankworth's "Tom Sawyer's Saturday" commissioned for the Farnham Festival. After winning an open scholarship to read English at St Edmund Hall, Oxford, he ran the university jazz club. During that time he played with many guests who appeared there, including George Melly. The trumpeter with Melly, John Chilton, dates Melly's decision to go on the road with the Feetwarmers to their appearance with <mask> in Oxford in 1973. At Oxford, <mask> also wrote for the student magazine Isis and directed plays, including Ben Jonson's The Alchemist.He had a keen interest in visual arts and was one of the authors of the catalogue of paintings in the collection of St Edmund Hall. He subsequently studied for his PhD (2004) in music at Oxford Brookes University. Later life and career
On leaving university, <mask> became an editor at Macmillan Publishers, working on primary school books and teenage fiction. His first book length publication was an anthology of short stories on the theme of fantasy for John Murray (1982). For Macmillan he produced editions of secondary school English texts. During this time he played bass in the New Iberia Stompers, subsequently joining Sammy Rimington's band and the group led by jazz traditionalist Ken Colyer. In the 1980s, he became the publisher of Grove's Dictionaries of Music.As Music Publisher at Macmillan he established a series of oral histories of jazz musicians, including lives of Barney Bigard, Buck Clayton, Art Rollini and Bill Coleman. His own first book, a biography of Fats Waller was published in 1988. In 1987 he moved to Oxford to manage the reference publishing at Blackwell Publishers, also establishing the NCC Blackwell computer publishing imprint with the National Computing Centre in Manchester. He began broadcasting on the Oxford local radio station Fox FM in 1989, going on to join BBC Radio 3 the same year with a series based on his Waller biography. For six years he was a presenter on the BBC World Service's Jazzmatazz, and was a regular contributor to (and then co-presenter of) the BBC Radio 3 series Impressions, which was mainly hosted by Brian Morton during its run from 1992 to 1998. In 2001 <mask> was named "Jazz Writer of the Year" at the British Jazz Awards. From 1998 to 2001 he presented the late night programme Jazz Notes for Radio 3, going on to introduce many editions of the documentary strand Jazz File.In 2003 he won the Willis Conover/Marian McPartland Lifetime Achievement in Jazz Broadcasting award from the Jazz Journalists' Association. In 2010 he was Jazz Broadcaster of the Year in the UK Parliamentary Jazz Awards. From 2007 until 2012 he presented Jazz Library on BBC Radio 3, before taking over the long-running programme Jazz Record Requests in May from Geoffrey Smith. From 2016 to 2019 he was executive producer of BBC Radio 3's new series "Jazz Now". He also served as executive producer for Radio 3's Sunday Morning classical show from 2012 to 2019. The author of biographies (in addition to Waller) of Bud Powell (co-author), Dizzy Gillespie (winner of the 2001 ARSC Award for Jazz Research), and Ian Carr, his New History of Jazz first appeared in 2001; a revised edition was published in 2007. Shipton was critical of Ken Burns′ 2000 Jazz documentary.<mask> has also published biographies of Jimmy McHugh (2009),  Cab Calloway (2010) and Harry Nilsson (2013). His Nilsson biography won an ASCAP Deems Taylor Award for pop biography and an ARSC Award for research in Pop Music. His subsequent book was a collaboration with the jazz musician Chris Barber on Barber's autobiography. He has recently published the memoirs of 1960s pop star Billy J. Kramer Do You Want To Know a Secret. He wrote on jazz for The Times from 1992 to 2012, and still occasionally contributes to the paper; he has also written on jazz for The Guardian, The Daily Telegraph, Gramophone, and Jazzwise for which he still writes a monthly review of reissues. He is series editor for the Popular Music History book programme at Equinox Publishing, among the most recent additions to which is "The History of European Jazz" (ed. Francesco Martinelli, 2018).<mask> has been an active musician throughout his career, working with the London Ragtime Orchestra (with whom he recorded two LPs), the big band Vile Bodies, Bill Greenow's bands Chansons and Rue Bechet, and he currently co-leads the Buck Clayton Legacy Band. The band's CD "Claytonia" recorded in concert at Sage, Gateshead, by BBC Radio 3 was released in 2013. Shipton appears on records with Ken Colyer (also on DVD), Herb Hall, Pat Halcox, Bill Greenow, Sammy Rimington, Bob Wilber, and Butch Thompson's King Oliver Centennial Band. <mask> has taught jazz history at several universities including Oxford Brookes University and City University, London. He is at present a lecturer in jazz history and a research fellow at the Royal Academy of Music, London.

masks:
Alyn Shipton
Shipton
Shipton
Shipton
Shipton
Shipton
Shipton
Shipton
Shipton


title: Gerardo Sandoval

type: original

texts:
<mask> (born 1962) is a judge of the Superior Court of California in and for the County of San Francisco. He was formerly a member of the San Francisco Board of Supervisors. A practicing attorney, he defeated Superior Court judge Thomas J. Mellon, Jr. in a runoff election held in November 2008 after coming in first, but not obtaining a majority of votes cast in the June 2008 primary election. <mask>, a Democrat, represented the 11th district of San Francisco, which encompasses the Excelsior neighborhood. In 2005, he ran for San Francisco County assessor, but lost to appointed incumbent Phil Ting. <mask> was first elected to the Board of Supervisors in December 2000, and was re-elected in November 2004. In March 2000 he was elected to the San Francisco Democratic Central Committee.Early life

<mask>'s mother was a garment worker and homemaker. His father was a gardener and union organizer. Except for his oldest brother, who is developmentally disabled, all of <mask>'s siblings graduated from college. He was in the first Head Start class in 1966 and considers himself a product of Lyndon Johnson's "Great Society". He is fully bilingual in Spanish and has traveled extensively in Latin America, Asia and Europe. Sandoval is married to the former Amy Harrington, and they have two daughters. Sandoval attended Loyola High School in Los Angeles before graduating from the University of California, Berkeley in 1987.In 1989 he received his Master's degree in City and Regional Planning from UC Berkeley, with a specialization in real estate and housing development. He wrote his master's thesis on using tax credits to build affordable housing. Sandoval received his law degree from Columbia University Law School. Sandoval is the first in his family to receive an advanced degree. Career
Sandoval worked as an assistant to San Francisco Mayor Art Agnos from 1990 to 1992, where he was responsible for budget and finance issues. He worked as a trial attorney and Deputy Public Defender in the San Francisco Public Defender's Office for five years. He was formerly an associate at Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP, the largest law firm in the United States.<mask> also completed a three-year term on San Francisco's Public Transportation Commission, an agency with over $350 million in expenditures and 3500 employees. As Supervisor, <mask> passed a consular identification ordinance in San Francisco. The ordinance requires that City employees (including police officers, airport workers, and health care workers) accept as identification the ID cards issued by foreign consulates if the cards have sufficient safeguards against fraudulent duplication and are accepted by the foreign government for entry into their national territory. This landmark legislation has been duplicated in many major US cities including Los Angeles, New York and Chicago. Most major US banks also accept the identification cards. The cards are used by individuals traveling temporarily in the US such as Mexican truck drivers who are allowed under the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) to enter the US. The cards also allow individuals to open bank accounts and otherwise access commonly available financial services.The ordinance has been criticized by opponents as allowing undocumented workers to more easily live in the US. Supporters of the ordinance have argued that such legislation by local governments is necessary to fill the vacuum in policy left due to inaction from federal and state governments. Controversy and activism

Anti-Semitic remarks
Shortly after his election, <mask> made statements that were criticized as anti-Semitic, and Sandoval apologized at a press conference, saying "It was an unfortunate example and I apologize for it... I want to thank everyone for bringing this to my attention. As a Latino, a Mexican-American, I am sensitive to discrimination." The criticized statements were made when Sandoval spoke out against an $80 million legal settlement that the City of San Francisco was paying to its biggest corporations. At a community meeting, Sandoval stated that the issue was not a legal one but a political one.Sandoval articulated an argument that San Franciscans should leave no stone unturned in trying to fight back, stating people should protest at "corporate headquarters, at the homes of CEOs, and their birthdays, weddings, bar mitzvahs or wherever" as the lawsuit would take money away from underserved segments of the population. Statements on U.S. military
In an interview on Hannity & Colmes, San Francisco Supervisor Sandoval said that "I don't think we should have a military." He then claimed that local police and firefighters should be responsible for national defense. Sandoval also stated in the same interview, "we should invest our money in our kids." This video can be found on YouTube. In a February 20 op-ed for the San Francisco Chronicle, he defended his remarks by stating that his own views are in line with a municipal resident current which runs against further military involvement in city life. Response to criticism of immigrants
Sandoval introduced a resolution "condemning the defamatory language used by talk radio host Michael Savage" after Savage criticized undocumented immigrant protesters who were fasting in support of the controversial DREAM Act, which would give qualifying undocumented immigrants a path to US citizenship as well as enable them to receive tax payer funded in-state college tuition.While the original 9-1 vote on August 14, 2007 failed to receive the required unanimous vote, the Board’s second attempt on October 2, 2007 passed after the one dissenting supervisor had been suspended from the Board by the Mayor. See also
 List of Hispanic/Latino American jurists

References

External links

 "Former Supervisor <mask> Sandoval: District 11". City of San Francisco. 1962 births
Columbia Law School alumni
Living people
San Francisco Board of Supervisors members
California Democrats
Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom alumni

masks:
Gerardo Compos Sandoval
Sandoval
Sandoval
Sandoval
Gerardo
Sandoval
Sandoval
Sandoval
Gerardo


title: Arnold Schaefer

texts:
<mask> (16 October 1819 in Seehausen, today part of Bremen – 19 November 1883 in Bonn) was a German ancient historian, who was a professor of history at the University of Greifswald (1857-1865) and then at the University of Bonn (1865-1883). Academic background
After attending the  from 1833 to 1838, Schaefer studied philology and history at the University of Leipzig. His teachers included Moritz Haupt (1808–1874), Gottfried Hermann (1772–1848) and Wilhelm Wachsmuth (1784-1866). After his graduation, Schaefer initially attempted a habilitation project on Old High German, supervised by Moritz Haupt. Due to a favourable job offer from the educationalist Karl Justus Blochmann (1786–1855) Schaefer was persuaded to relocate to Dresden, where he subsequently taught classes in history and ancient languages at the . Schaefer was already producing a large number of publications at this time, including the school textbook Commentatio de libro vitarum decem oratorum (Commentary on the Book of the Lives of the Ten Orators, 1844) and Geschichtstabellen zum Auswendiglernen (Historical tables for memorisation, 1847), a practical handbook for students, which contained important dates in world history from antiquity to his own day, divided into three sections: general history, epochal history, and cultural history. By 1888 it had been through 17 editions, the last two of which (1885 and 1888) were edited by Schaefer's colleague Julius Asbach.In 1851, Schaefer was appointed to the Gymnasium St. Augustine in Grimma. There he completed the first two volumes of his three volume work Demosthenes und seine Zeit (Demosthenes and his Time, 1856-1858), on which he had been working for ten years. His valedictory speech at the school discussed Demosthenes' On the Crown. On 30 November 1857, Schaefer became an ordinary professor of history at the University of Greifswald. In his lectures and seminars (for the university's history department, which he founded in 1863), Schaefer dealt with all periods and fields of history, but with a focus on Roman history and the modern history of Prussia. He maintained friendly links with colleagues in various fields, including the economist , the archaeologist Adolf Michaelis, and the philologists Martin Hertz, Georg Friedrich Schömann, and Hermann Usener. He refused a post at the University of Königsberg in 1863, to fill the vacancy left by Wilhelm von Giesebrecht's departure.In the summer of 1865, Schaefer moved to the University of Bonn, where he held the Chair of History until his death in 1883. The faculty of history was established at the same time; before this all professors of history had been part of the philology faculty. In the academic year 1871/72, Schaefer served as rector of the university. In Bonn, Schaefer continued his lectures from Greidswald. Source criticism of Greek and Roman historical texts formed an important part of his lessons, forming the foundations for his publication in 1867 of Abriß der Quellenkunde der griechischen Geschichte bis auf Polybios (Outline of Source Criticism of Greek History up to Polybios). A second volume of the work was published shortly before his death under the title Abriß der Quellenkunde der griechischen und römischen Geschichte (Outline of Source Criticism of Greek and Roman History, 1883). His successor, Heinrich Nissen produced a second edition of this work in 1885, which itself received a second printing in 1867.The studies of Prussian history which Schaefer had begun in Greifswald intensified in Bonn. He published the Geschichte des siebenjährigen Kriegs (History of the Seven Years' War) in three volumes between 1867 and 1874. The work was praised by the domestic and foreign press for his novel depiction of the operations. Shortly after the publication of the final volume, Schaefer undertook an extended educational tour of Greece, Asia Minor, Syria, and Italy. In 1879, he visited Rome for the celebrations of the fiftieth anniversary of the German Archaeological Institute there, and in 1880 he visited the Peloponnese, spending a great deal of time in Olympia. On the return journey he was struck by a severe bout of rheumatism, from which he recovered by a trip to a health spa. A few weeks after his return from the health spa, on 19 November 1883, Schaefer unexpectedly died at work from a stroke.His grave is in the Alter Friedhof. In his final years, Schaefer had been working on a new edition of his work on Demosthenes, to take account of the numerous papyrus finds and textual emendations that had occurred in the thirty years since the publication of the original work. The work was completed by Max Hoffmann and it appeared in three volumes, shortly after his death (1885-1887). In 1894, Schaefer's widow, Eugenie <mask> née Großmann (daughter of the theologian Christian Gottlob Großmann) donated 100,000 marks to found the "Arnold-Schäfer-Fund" to support students and young scholars at the University of Bonn, which is still active today. Selected works
Largely known for his writings on ancient Greek and Roman history, Schaefer also made contributions in studies involving the history of Prussia. The following are a few of his principal works:
 Geschichtstabellen zum Auswendiglernen (1847) - Historical Tables for Memorization (Online)
 Demosthenes und seine Zeit (1856–58) - Demosthenes and his Times. De ephoris Lacedaemoniis (1863) - On the Spartan ephors
 Disputatio de rerum post bellum Persicum usque ad tricennale foedus in Graecia gestarum temporibus (1865) - Computation of the Dates of Events in Greece from the Persian War until the Thirty Years' Peace
 Abriß der Quellenkunde der griechischen Geschichte bis auf Polybios (1867) - Outline of Source Criticism of Greek History up to Polybios.Geschichte des siebenjährigen Kriegs (1867–74), three volumes - History of the Seven Years' War. Abriß der Quellenkunde der griechischen und römischen Geschichte (1883) - Outline of Source Criticism of Greek and Roman History. References

 ADB: Shepherd, <mask> @ Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie
 WorldCat Search (publications)
 Julius Asbach: Zur Erinnerung an <mask> Schaefer. Leipzig 1895. Johannes Poeschel: Das Kollegium der Fürsten- und Landesschule Grimma von 1849 bis 1900. Grimma 1901, S. 29–32. Roderich Schmidt: <mask>er, 1819–1883.In: Ders. : Fundatio et confirmatio universitatis. Von den Anfängen deutscher Universitäten (Bibliotheca Eruditorum. Internationale Bibliothek der Wissenschaften, Bd. 13). Goldbach 1998 (zuerst erschienen: 1968), S. 349–368. Michael Czolkoß, Studien zur Geschichte der Geschichtswissenschaft.Die Universität Greifswald in der preußischen Hochschullandschaft (1830-1865). Marburg  2015, Tectum, . 1883 deaths
1819 births
19th-century German historians
Writers from Bremen
University of Bonn faculty
University of Greifswald faculty
Leipzig University alumni
German male non-fiction writers

masks:
Arnold Dietrich Schaefer
Schaefer
Arnold Dietrich
Arnold Dietrich
Arnold Schaef


title: Carsten Nicolai

texts:
<mask> (18 September 1965), also known as Alva Noto, is a German musician and visual artist. He is a member of the music groups Diamond Version with Olaf Bender (Byetone), Signal with Frank Bretschneider and Olaf Bender, Cyclo with Ryoji Ikeda, ANBB with Blixa Bargeld, ALPHABET with Anne-James Chaton, Opto with Thomas Knak, and Alva Noto + Ryuichi Sakamoto with whom he composed the score for the 2015 film The Revenant. Life and career
<mask> was born in Karl-Marx-Stadt (now Chemnitz) of Saxony, GDR in 1965. He studied architecture and landscape design before pursuing art. In 1994 he founded the label NOTON, following which a collaboration with RasterMusic began and by 1999 the two labels had merged into Raster-Noton, which operated until 2017. Returning to the labels origin in 2017, Nicolai runs NOTON separately. In 2009 Nicolai wrote the opera Sparkie: Cage and Beyond in collaboration with Michael Nyman.Nicolai performed and created installations in many of the world's most prestigious spaces including the Guggenheim, New York, the SF MoMA, Modern Art Oxford, NTT Tokyo, Tate Modern and Venice Biennale, Italy. As a member (and co-founder) of the Raster-Noton label he was responsible for the acclaimed CD series 20 to 2000 that went on to win the Golden Nica prize at Prix Ars Electronica, 2000. <mask> <mask> also works as a visual artist. In 2013, Nicolai participated as a visual artist in Biennale Documenta, an official collateral show of the 55th Venice Biennale of Art. <mask> started his professorship in art with focus on digital and time-based media with Dresden Academy of Fine Arts since 2015. Nicolai scored the music for Alejandro González Iñárritu's The Revenant. The score was nominated for a Golden Globe, BAFTA, Grammy and Critics' Choice Movie Awards.In 2018 he created the sound design for Iñárritu’s groundbreaking VR project "Carne y Arena" Flesh and Sand. Solo exhibitions (selection)
 2019: Parallax Symmetry, Kunstsammlung Nordrhein-Westfalen, Düsseldorf
 2012: unidisplay, Hangar Bicocca, Milan
 2007: static fades, shown at PaceWildenstein, New York City and in Haus Konstruktiv, Zürich
 2006: inver, shown at Frieze Art Fair, London and at Galerie EIGEN + ART, Leipzig
 2006: Polylit, Kunstmuseum Stuttgart
 2005: Audio Visual Spaces, Stedelijk Museum voor Actuele Kunst (S.M.A.K. DVD release
 utp_ — September 2008 (Raster-Noton)
 Summvs — May 2011 (Raster-Noton)
 Alva Noto, Mika Vainio, Ryoji Ikeda - Live 2002 - 19 January 2018 (NOTON)
 "Glass" — February 2018 (NOTON)
 Two (Live At Sydney Opera House) — November 2019 (NOTON)

With Ryoji Ikeda, as "Cyclo." Cyclo. — 2001 (Raster-Noton)
 Cyclo.id — 2011 (Raster-Noton)
 Cyclo. — 2017 (NOTON)
 Cyclo.id — 2017 (NOTON)

With Mika Vainio, as "noto"
 Ø + noto - mikro makro - 1997 (NOTON)
 Ø + noto - wohltemperiert - 2001 (NOTON)

With Scanner (Robin Rimbaud)
 Uniform: SF MoMA 2001. CD Contains 1 track, "Uniform," performed and recorded by Carsten Nicolai and Robin Rimbaud (Scanner) for the exhibition of ""010101: Art in Technological Times"" at the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art (SFMOMA) on 3 March 2001.With Blixa Bargeld, as ANBB
 Ret Marut Handshake — 2010 (Raster-Noton)
 Mimikry — 2010 (Raster-Noton)

With Opiate (Thomas Knak), as Opto
 Opto Files — 2001 (Raster-Noton). Limited CD release. Number 6 in the raster.static series. CD Comes in a silver anti-static bag with green card insert. Opto: 2nd — June 2004 (Hobby Industries). The CD contains ten tracks, all titled with times of the day. The collaboration was created in a 48-hour period and was inspired by the restored recording from a cassette found in a forest in Eastern Germany.With Zeitkratzer
 Zeitkratzer & <mask> Nicolai: Electronics — 2008 (Zeitkratzer Records)

With Anne-James Chaton and Andy Moor
 Anne-James Chaton With Alva Noto And Andy Moor - Décade (CD, Album, Ltd, Boo), Raster-Noton, R-N 135, 2012

With Anne-James Chaton as Alphabet
 Alva Noto & Anne-James Chaton - ALPHABET (CD, Digital Album), NOTON, 2019

With Olaf Bender (Byetone), as Diamond Version
 EP1 — 2012 (Mute)
 EP2 — 2012 (Mute)
 EP3 — 2013 (Mute)
 EP4 — 2013 (Mute)
 EP5 — 2013 (Mute)
 CI — 2 / 3 June 2014 (Mute)

With Iggy Pop and Tarwater
 Leaves of Grass'' — February 2016 (Morr Music). A seven-track EP on which Iggy Pop performs the poetry of Walt Whitman to music composed by Alva Noto and Tarwater. Compilation appearances (exclusive/non-albums tracks)
 "Monophaser 4" from "V.a. – :2" (2008)
 "Garment" from "Sound Canvas | 1" (2008)
 "Planet Rock" from "Recovery" (2008)
 "Stalker" from "In Memoriam Andrey Tarkovsky" (2008)
 "Haloid Xerrox Copy 3 (Paris)" from "Mind The Gap Volume 70" (2007)
 "06.1 Quanta Random" from "Tribute to Iannis Xenakis" (2007)
 "Sonolumi (For Camera Lucida)" from "Camera Lucida" (2007)
 "Odradek (Music to Play in the Dark)" from "It Just Is In Memoriam Jhonn Balance" (2005)
 "Re10" from "Landscape 2" (2005)
 "Post-Remo" from "Richard Chartier + Various – Re'Post'Postfabricated" (2005)
 "Party Plasibenpuis (for Rune Lindblad)" from "The Hidden City: Sound Portraits from Goteborg" (2004)
 "Time...Dot (3)" from "An Anthology of Noise & Electronic Music Third A-Chronology 1952-2004" (2004)
 "m6re" from "SoundxVision 2004" (2004)
 "Obi 2 Min." from "Frecuencies [Hz]" (2003)
 "60 sec" from "Soundcultures" (2003)
 "Strategies Against War 1.0—Covering All Information with White Noise" from "60 Sound Artists Protest the War" (2003) as Carsten Nicolai
 "MM", "Time Dot" from "Raster-Noton. Archiv 1" (2003) as Noto
 "Obi_2.3" from "Electrograph 02 – Athens Sound Media Festival 02" (2002)
 "Menschmaschine" from "Klangmaschine_Soundmachine" (2002)
 "Crystal R" from "Various – Live Sets At Ego 1998-2000" (2002) as Noto
 "M 06 Short" from "Electric Ladyland Clickhop Version 1.0" (2001)
 "Neue Stadt (Skizze 8)" from "Clicks & Cuts, Vol. 2" (2001)
 "Modul 4", "Impulse" from "Raster-Noton.(O)acis Box" (2001) as Noto
 "Neue Stadt Skizze 1" from "Between Two Points" (2001) as Noto
 "Sound Mobile" from "Ringtones" (2001)
 "Prototyp P" from "Raster-Noton. Oacis" (2000)
 "Prototype n." from "Clicks & Cuts" (2000)
 "Crystal s 10 60 sec." from "Computer Music Journal Sound Anthology, vol.

masks:
Carsten Nicolai
Carsten Nicolai
Carsten
Nicolai
Nicolai
Carsten


title: Romy Gill

texts:
<mask>, MBE is a British/Indian chef, food writer, author and broadcaster. She was the owner and head chef at Romy's Kitchen in Thornbury, South Gloucestershire. In 2016 she was appointed an MBE in the Queen's 90th birthday honours list. As of September 2020, <mask> is one of the chefs on the new series of Ready Steady Cook on BBC One and has previously appeared on Sunday Brunch,  The One Show, Countryfile, Celebrity MasterChef, Hairy Bikers Comfort Food, Saturday Morning with James Martin and many more. She is also a regular on The Food Programme on BBC Radio 4, and in 2021, appeared on Steph's Packed Lunch hosted by Steph McGovern on Channel 4. <mask> is the author of ZAIKA - Vegan Recipes from India, and regularly contributes to national and international publications, including The New York Times, The Sunday Times and The Daily Telegraph. <mask> was invited to speak at The MAD Symposium 2018 and, in February 2020, was invited to cook at the prestigious James Beard Foundation in New York.<mask> is writing her next book - On The Himalayan Trail: Recipes and Stories from Kashmir to Ladakh - which will be published in Spring 2022. In summer 2021, she also filmed a short series of films with BBC Food, focusing on seasonal vegetables. Early life and inspirations
<mask> grew up in Burnpur, West Bengal, India, where she learned to cook from her mother. When <mask> moved to the UK in 1993, she began hosting dinner parties for friends, later running cookery classes, which led to her launching her own range of sauces, pickles, chutneys and spice mixes. She gave cookery demonstrations both in England and further afield, and in September 2013 she opened her first restaurant, Romy's Kitchen. Style of cooking
<mask>'s style of Indian cooking is very different from that found at the majority of Indian restaurants in the UK. She avoids the use of unnatural food colourings, and is a fan of combining Indian and British cuisine.She combines spices and flavours that she grew up with in India with ingredients that she was only introduced to when she moved to the UK, creating dishes such as gurnard cooked in coconut milk, tomatoes, tomato puree, ginger, garlic and her own spice blend; and monkfish marinated in turmeric and lemon juice, then cooked with onions, ginger, garlic, mustard seeds, 5 spice mix paste and her own spices. Restaurant

<mask> opened her first restaurant, Romy's Kitchen, in Thornbury, South Gloucestershire in September 2013. In order to open her restaurant, <mask> applied to a number of banks for a loan, but was turned down by every one apart from NatWest, providing her with the business loan that she needed to get her restaurant underway, leading her to be featured on the BBC News in a segment about the struggles that entrepreneurs face when trying to raise the necessary funds to start a new, local business. The restaurant closed in August 2019. Awards and achievements
In 2014 <mask> was shortlisted for the 15th Asian Women of Achievement Awards (AWA), which celebrate women who make an "outstanding contribution to our culture and economy". In the same year, her restaurant, Romy's Kitchen, was shortlisted as "Best Newcomer" in the British Curry Awards. <mask> was appointed Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) in the 2016 Birthday Honours for services to the hospitality industry.Cookery demonstrations and other events
<mask> demonstrates her cooking at festivals both in the UK and abroad. In the UK, she has given demonstrations at the Foodies Festival, Grand Designs exhibitions and at food and cultural festivals in Abu Dhabi, New York City and other locations. In addition, she gives talks and cookery demonstrations in schools where she discusses how food is cultivated, the importance of eating with the seasons and the impact of food on the environment. <mask>, along with two other female Indian chefs and Atul Kochhar, gave a demonstration at Kochhar's restaurant, Benares, in November 2012 to raise money for charity, and is an avid fundraiser for charity Frank Water. <mask> has also appeared on BBC Radio Bristol with Laura Rawlings, and has appeared in a video where she taught rugby star Olly Barkley how to cook Indian food. In May 2014, <mask> was heavily involved with the Bristol Food Connections festival: a citywide celebration of local food and drink. Along with other top chefs such as Martin Blunos, Tom Kerridge and Ken Hom, <mask> took to the BBC Stars' Kitchen to give live demos of some of her popular recipes.During the Bristol Food Connections festival, <mask> was also a guest on Saturday Live, alongside Jay Rayner and others. In 2016, <mask> was a guest chef at Carousel London, and returned for another stint a year later. In 2017, <mask> gave demonstrations at a range of festivals, including the BBC Good Food Show, the Abergavenny Food Festival, the Big Feastival, Dartmouth Food Festival and the Padstow Christmas Festival. Food writing

<mask> contributes regularly to food publications such as Crumbs, Olive, Delicious, Saveur and Food52, and has featured in The Guardian, where she had a residency in April 2016, The Observer, The Telegraph & The Independent newspapers. In 2017, <mask> travelled to India with Suitcase Magazine, where she explored and wrote articles on Ladakh and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Her first cookbook, Zaika: Vegan recipes from India, was published in 2019. Television appearances

<mask> appeared as a guest judge on Celebrity MasterChef 2016, and also cooked alongside The Hairy Bikers in their Comfort Food series.She has featured as the subject of a film short on "Family Dinners" on Food Network UK, with more BBC and ITV appearances in the pipeline. In March 2020, she began to appear on Ready Steady Cook. Personal life

<mask> lives in Thornbury, South Gloucestershire with her husband and two daughters. She is an active runner. References

External links

1971 births
Living people
English chefs
Indian chefs
Members of the Order of the British Empire
Indian emigrants to England
Naturalised citizens of the United Kingdom
People from Asansol

masks:
Romy Gill
Romy
Gill
Gill
Romy
Gill
Gill
Gill
Gill
Gill
Gill
Gill
Gill
Gill
Gill
Romy
Romy
Romy
Romy
Romy
Romy
Romy
Romy
Gill


title: Panagis Kalkos

texts:
<mask> (, 1818–1875) was one of the first Greek architects of the modern Greek state. Educated in Munich, he is a representative of a strict neoclassic style in architecture. He built some of the most characteristic neoclassic buildings, both public and private, of Athens, many of which still survive today. Biographical information
<mask> (or <mask>) was born in 1818 into an old Athenian family. His father, Michael, was killed during the siege of the Acropolis during the Greek War of Independence and he, himself, was taken prisoner. After the creation of the independent Greek state, he worked as an employee of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. From 1837 he started studies in architecture with a scholarship provided by King Otto.Upon his return to Greece, he was employed as an architect at the Ministry of Internal Affairs. It has been reported that with this capacity he worked as an assistant of the Bavarian architects Riedel and Hoch, who built the Royal Palace upon the plans of Friedrich von Gaertner. From 1851 onwards he collaborates with the Greek Archaeological Service for the survey of the monuments on the Acropolis of Athens. His plans of the Erechtheion were published in 1853. He was a member of the commission constituted in 1860 upon the initiative of the Municipal Council of Athens for the drawing of a topographical plan of the capital. He died in Athens on 18 November 1875. Main works

Several well known buildings are included among <mask>'s works:
The mansion of publisher Andreas Koromilas on Syntagma Square, situated on the south side of the square at the corner of Ermou Street.Built in 1853, it was initially two-storey, with a third floor added after King Otto's expulsion. The building was demolished in early 1960s. The Varvakeion Lyceum (boys’ high school), built with a donation of Ioannis Varvakis, a wealthy member of the Greek diaspora in the years 1857–1859 on the square bearing the same name, delimited between the streets Athinas, Sokratous, Armodiou and Aristogeitonos. The Parliament House (today Old Parliament Building, housing the National Historical Museum), which was to house the assemblies of Parliament and of the Senate. It was founded in 1858 and construction started upon the plans of the French architect François/Florimond Boulanger. After the expulsion of King Otto (1862) and the implementation of the Constitution of 1864, the Senate was abolished. After an interruption of the building works, the plans were modified by <mask> <mask>.The main change in these plans was the abolishment of the Senate assembly hall. The building was thus completed in 1871. The block of flats belonging to I. Koutsogiannis, member of the Municipal Council. The building was built on Deligiorgis 8 and Agisilaou streets at the Metaxourgeio neighbourhood. It is a typical three-storey urban Athenian house, containing five independent flats, built around 1870. The initial building of the old Acropolis Museum, founded in 1865 at the southeast corner of the Acropolis of Athens and completed in 1874. In 1875 <mask>, acting as a collaborator of the Archaeological Service, coordinated the transfer of the antiquities within its halls.The museum was later extended and several internal changes were brought to its internal disposition. The Athens City Hall on Athinas street in Kotzia Square. It was built with two storeys between 1872 and 1874. The Municipal Nursery (today Municipal Art Gallery of Athens) on Koumoundourou square on Pireos Street. Built between 1872 and 1875. The Municipal School (today 74th Primary School of Athens), the first public peer education school in Athens. It is a one storey building on Adrianou Street (at the corner of Flessa Street) in Plaka, built between 1875 and 1876.<mask> also contributed in the completion of the following buildings. Amalieion Orphanage: construction began by architect Dimitrios Zezos in the plot between today’s streets Herodou Attikou, Lykeiou, Stisihorou and Georgiou II΄. After Zezos’s death in 1857, <mask> was entrusted with the completion of the building. Athens Metropolitan Cathedral (Orthodox Cathedral): founded in 1842 upon plans by Theophil Hansen. The initial plans were revised by Dimitrios Zezos, who continued the construction in a "Hellenic Byzantine" style. After Zezos's death in 1857 the works were taken over, with further modifications of the plans, by François/Florimond Boulanger, while <mask> was entrusted with the supervision of the building site till its completion in 1860. Church of Panagia Chrysospiliotissa on Aiolou street: built on the site of a previous church, ruined during the 1821 Greek War of Independence.<mask> worked for the new church since 1863 (when the permit was issued) implementing the plans of Dimitrios Zezos, but he died before its completion. National Archaeological Museum on Patission Street: founded in 1866, construction was begun upon plans and supervision of <mask>, who had revised an older building proposal by Lange. <mask> worked on the museum building till the very day of his death. References

Bibliography
Vogiatzi, Ι. Markassioti Ν., Chorianopoulou, Μ., Athens: The City, the People, the Events, Historical and Ethnological Society of Greece, Athens 2014. Εγκυκλοπαιδικόν Λεξικόν Ελευθερουδάκη [Eleftheroudakis Encyclopedia Lexicon], vol. 7, p. 109, Athens 1929. Kokkou, A., Η Μέριμνα για τις Αρχαιότητες στην Ελλάδα και τα Πρώτα Μουσεία [The Care for Antiquities in Greece and the First Museums], Athens 1977.Mallouchou-Tufano, F., Η Αναστήλωση των Αρχαίων Μνημείων στη Νεώτερη Ελλάδα (1834–1939) [The Anastylosis of Ancient Monuments in Modern Greece (1834–1939)], Βιβλιοθήκη της εν Αθήναις Αρχαιολογικής Εταιρείας [Library of the Archaeological Society of Athens] no. 176, Athens 1998. Biris, Κ. Η., Αι Αθήναι από του 19ου εις τον 20όν Αιώνα [Athens from the 19th to the 20th Century], Athens 1995 2. Biris, M., Kardamitsi-Adami, M., Νεοκλασική αρχιτεκτονική στην Ελλάδα [Neoclassical Architecture in Greece], Athens 2001. Biris M.G., Νεοελληνική Αρχιτεκτονική 1875–1925 [Neohellenic Architecture 1875–1925], Athens 2003 2. Παγκόσμιο Βιογραφικό Λεξικό (λήμμα Μάνου Μπίρη) [Universal Biographical Lexicon (entry on Manos Biris), vol. 4, p. 218, Ekdotike Athinon, Athens 1985.Papyros  – Larousse – Britannica, Athens 2007, vol. 26, p. 656. 1818 births
1875 deaths
Architects from Athens
19th-century Greek architects

masks:
Panagis Kalkos
Panagis Kalkos
Kalkos Vretos
Kalkos
Panagis
Kalkos
Kalkos
Kalkos
Kalkos
Kalkos
Kalkos
Kalkos
Kalkos


title: Solanus Casey

texts:
<mask> (November 25, 1870 – July 31, 1957), born <mask>, was a priest of the Catholic Church in the United States and was a professed member of the Order of Friars Minor Capuchin. He was known during his lifetime as a wonderworker, for his great faith and his abilities as a spiritual counselor, but especially for his great attention to the sick, for whom he celebrated special Masses. The friar was much sought-after and came to be revered in Detroit, where he resided. He was also a noted lover of the violin, a trait he shared with his eponym, Saint <mask>. His cause for beatification commenced over a decade after his death, and he received the title of Venerable in 1995. After a miraculous healing attributed to him was approved by Pope Francis in 2017, he was beatified in Detroit at Ford Field on November 18, 2017. Life

Childhood and studies
<mask> (nicknamed "Barney") was born on November 25, 1870, on a farm in the town of Oak Grove, Pierce County, Wisconsin, the sixth of sixteen children born to Irish immigrants <mask> and Ellen Elizabeth Murphy.He was baptized on December 18, 1870. He contracted diphtheria in 1878, which permanently damaged his voice, leaving it wispy and slightly impaired; two of his siblings died from the disease during that year. The family later moved to Hudson, Wisconsin. In 1878, he began school at Saint Mary's, but this was cut short in October 1882 when the family relocated again, to Burkhardt in Saint Croix County. In 1887, he left the farm for a series of jobs in his home state and in nearby Minnesota, working as a lumberjack, a hospital orderly, a guard in the Minnesota state prison, and a street car operator in Superior. His time as a prison guard saw him befriend a couple of Jesse James' cohorts. At first, he desired married life, but the mother of a girl to whom he had proposed suddenly sent her off to a boarding school.While working at his last job, he witnessed a brutal murder that caused him to evaluate his life and future. Driving his car in a rowdy section of Superior, he saw a drunken sailor stab a woman to death. He then acted on a call to the priesthood. Due to his limited formal education, he enrolled at Saint Francis High School Seminary, the minor seminary of the Archdiocese of Milwaukee, in January 1891, hoping to become a diocesan priest. Classes there were taught in either German or Latin, neither of which he knew. In due course, he was advised that he should consider joining a religious order if he wanted to become a priest due to his academic limitations. There, he could be ordained as a "simplex" priest, who could preside at a Mass but would not have the faculties for public preaching or hearing confessions.He returned home before deciding to make his application. While reflecting before a statue of the Blessed Virgin Mary, he heard her spiritual voice telling him to "go to Detroit". He then applied to the Order of Friars Minor Capuchin in that city, and was received into it on January 14, 1897. He was given the religious name of "<mask>" after Saint <mask>; both men shared a love of the violin. He made his vows on July 21, 1898. He struggled through his studies, but received ordination to the priesthood on July 24, 1904, from Archbishop Sebastian Messmer at Saint Francis of Assisi Church in Milwaukee. Because he had not performed well enough in his studies, he was indeed ordained as a "simplex" priest.He celebrated his first Mass on July 31, 1904, in Appleton, with his family present. Ministry
He served for two decades in a succession of friaries in New York. His first assignment was at Sacred Heart Friary in Yonkers. He was later transferred to New York City, where he first served at Saint John's Church next to Penn Station and later at Our Lady Queen of Angels in Harlem. He was recognized as an inspiring speaker. In August 1924, he was transferred to the Saint Bonaventure convent in Detroit, where he worked until 1945. During this time, he mostly served as the simple porter (or receptionist and doorkeeper).Each Wednesday afternoon, he conducted well-attended services for the sick, and through these services, he became known for his great compassion and the fantastic results of his consultations with visitors. People considered him instrumental in cures and other blessings. He loved to kneel before the Eucharist in the quiet of the night. During his time at St. Bonaventure's, <mask> was involved in the formation of the Capuchin Soup Kitchen. The soup kitchen was founded in 1929 to provide food for Detroit's poor during the Great Depression. <mask> is considered one of the founders of the soup kitchen, which is still in operation today. As a violinist, he loved to play Irish songs for his fellow friars during recreation time, but he had a terrible singing voice, attributed to his childhood speech impediment.Other friars could not refrain from rolling their eyes or coughing, so he would excuse himself politely and sneak down to the chapel to entertain a spiritual audience at the tabernacle. He ate little. Until his late seventies, he joined the younger religious in games of tennis and volleyball. Declining health and death

In 1946, in failing health and suffering from eczema over his entire body, he was transferred to the Capuchin novitiate of Saint Felix in Huntington, Indiana, where he lived until a 1956 hospitalization in Detroit. In 1957, he was rushed to the hospital for food poisoning; upon his release, friars noted that he was walking much more slowly and scratching his legs; it turned out that his skin was raw and infected, prompting a return to the hospital. The doctors diagnosed him with erysipelas or possibly psoriasis, which was beyond treatment, and they considered limb amputation, but the ulcers began to heal. On July 2, 1957, he was readmitted to the hospital for the final time due to his skin deterioration.He was given oxygen therapy. Martha came to visit him after being notified of the seriousness of his condition; the two prayed the rosary together. He died from erysipelas at 11:00 am on July 31, 1957, at Saint John Hospital in Detroit, with only his nurse at his side. A commemorative plaque was placed outside the door of the room. His last words were reportedly: "I give my soul to Jesus Christ." An estimated 20,000 people filed past his coffin prior to his funeral and burial in the cemetery of his Detroit monastery. On July 8, 1987, his remains were exhumed and reinterred inside the Father Solanus <mask> Center at Saint Bonaventure Monastery; his remains were found to be incorrupt, except for slight decomposition on the elbows.His remains were clothed in a new habit before reinternment in a steel casket at the north transept. A range of miraculous cures has been attributed to his intercession, both during his earthly life and death. Exhumation
His remains were exhumed to collect first- and second-class relics on August 1, 2017. They were then placed in a new black casket and reinterred in a glass case instead of the previous wooden sarcophagus. Beatification
His beatification cause commenced in Detroit in 1976 with an investigation involving witness interrogatories and documentation compiling. The Congregation for the Causes of Saints validated this phase on November 7, 1986; around 1995, it received the Positio dossier from postulation officials. The theological advisors approved the dossier on April 7, 1995; the cardinal and bishop members of the Congregation did so on June 20, 1995.On July 11, 1995, Pope John Paul II, in a private audience with Congregation prefect Alberto Bovone, confirmed that <mask> had lived a life of heroic virtue and titled him Venerable. For a person to be beatified, a miracle (normally, healing) must be approved following confirmation that science could not explain it. Numerous cases were investigated, including one validated by the Congregation on April 3, 1998, which was later debunked. The diocese deemed another case miraculous on January 18, 2015. This received Congregation validation on October 12, 2015; approval by a panel of medical experts on September 22, 2016; and theological consulters' approval on January 19, 2017. The Congregation approved the miracle on May 2, 2017, and Pope Francis did so two days later, meaning that the late friar would be beatified. On November 18, 2017, the beatification took place at Ford Field in Detroit in front of an estimated crowd of 60,000.The Mass and beatification rite was led by Cardinal Angelo Amato, the prefect for the Congregation. <mask> now has the title Blessed and is one step closer to sainthood. <mask>'s confirmed miracle involved the curing of Paula Medina Zarate's ichthyosis, a genetic skin condition. The miracle occurred at St. Bonaventure Monastery in Detroit in 2012. The postulator for <mask>'s cause was his fellow Capuchin friar Carlo Calloni. The vice-postulator is Edward Foley. Quotations

 The only science that gives purpose to every other science is the science of religion—the science of our happy relationship with and providential dependence on God and our neighbor.We are continually immersed in God's merciful grace like the air that permeates us. Gratitude is the first sign of a thinking, rational creature. Thank you, God, in all your designs. Confidence is the very soul of prayer. Do not pray for easy lives; pray to be stronger people. Do not pray for tasks equal to your powers; pray for powers equal to your tasks. Like the Holy Trinity, Faith, Hope, and Charity are one.Theoretically, Faith, like the Eternal Father, comes first, but in both cases, they are essentially one. God condescends to use our powers if we don't spoil His plans by ours. We must be faithful to the present moment or we will frustrate the plan of God for our lives. Many are the rainbows, the sunbursts, the gentle breezes—and the hailstorms—we are liable to meet before, by the grace of God, we shall be able to tumble into our graves with the confidence of tired children into their places of peaceful slumber. “I had been in agony for at least 40 hours, though no one else seemed to know it, and while I tried to thank God for it all, my principal prayer—at least 1,000 times repeated—was ‘God help us.'" "I'm offering my sufferings that all might be one. If only I could see the conversion of the whole world.""Thank God ahead of time." See also

 Franciscan
 Franciscan orders
 Gifts of healing
 Studies on intercessory prayer
 Conrad of Parzham

References

Further reading
<mask>, <mask>; <mask>, Bernadine (ed.). Letters from <mask> <mask> OFM. Cap. : God Bless You and Yours. Detroit: Father Solanus Guild, 2000. Derum, James Patrick.The Porter of Saint Bonaventure's: The Life of <mask> <mask>, Capuchin. Detroit: Fidelity Press, 1968. Odell, Catherine. <mask>: The Story of <mask>. Huntington, Ind. : Our Sunday Visitor Press, 1988. Della Balda, Gabriele.Una carezza di Dio. Vita del beato <mask> <mask>, cappuccino statunitense. Roma, Istituto Storico dei Cappuccini 2019 (ITALIAN)

External links
 Solanus Casey Center
 Hagiography Circle
 Father Solanus Guild
 Find-a-Grave

 Film: The Healing Prophet: <mask> <mask>
 Newspaper article

1870 births
1957 deaths
19th-century venerated Christians
19th-century Roman Catholic priests
19th-century American people
20th-century venerated Christians
20th-century American Roman Catholic priests
20th-century American people
American Roman Catholic clergy of Irish descent
Beatifications by Pope Francis
Burials in Michigan
Capuchins
Clergy from Detroit
People from Pierce County, Wisconsin
People of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York
Religious leaders from Michigan
Religious leaders from Wisconsin
Venerated Catholics by Pope John Paul II
Catholics from Wisconsin
American beatified people

masks:
Solanus Casey
Bernard Francis Casey
Francis Solanus
Bernard Francis Casey
Bernard James Casey
Solanus
Francis Solanus
Casey
Casey
Casey
Casey
Casey
Casey
Casey
Casey
Solanus
Casey
Solanus
Casey
Father Solanus
Casey
Father Solanus
Father Solanus
Solanus
Casey
Solanus
Casey


title: Asieh Amini

texts:
<mask> (born 14 September 1973) is an Iranian poet and journalist currently residing in Trondheim, Norway. She is a Women's Rights activist fighting against the death penalty in general and specifically against the stoning of women and minors in Iran. Early life
<mask> grew up in the Mazandaran Province in northern Iran. She was the third of four sisters. Her family originated from the gentry of feudal times. Aminis father was a teacher. <mask> and her sister's spent a lot of time reading, writing and painting.She started visiting an afternoon's poetry circle at a local library. Asieh wanted to become a painter or writer. <mask>'s life changed after the Iranian Revolution. She hated the mandatory black hijab all girls had to wear and cried when she put it on. Her mother explained to her that it was a rule no one could disobey. Career
<mask> started studying journalism at Tabataba'i University in Tehran in 1993. While still studying she started writing for newspapers.Later, she moved on to the larger newspaper Iran. When a colleague was supposed to interview a poet that <mask> liked he took her along. The poet invited her into his writer's circle. The newspaper Iran started a youth supplement and <mask> became the cultural editor. For these times in Iran, a woman being in such a senior position was unusual. When Mohammad Khatami was elected president in 1997, the bans were lifted a little and more daring publications emerged. More women entered journalism.<mask> took up a job at the newspaper Zan, which covered women's affairs. Although <mask> opposed the idea of segregating news by gender, she took on the job. The newspaper Zan was unfortunately banned. Subsequently, <mask> took on freelancer work. After giving birth <mask> started working as the social editor of the newspaper Etemaad. She also ran a website called Women in Iran. After the presidential election 2009, many of journalists and activists were arrested and situation in Iran became too dangerous for her.<mask> decided to leave the country. Through a friend she got the opportunity to become a guest writer within the ICORN network in Trondheim, Norway from 2010 until 2012. She stayed in Norway and completed a master's degree in Equality and diversity at NTNU. <mask> is a member of the Norwegian PEN Board of Directors. Activism
<mask> founded the 'Stop Stoning Forever Campaign' in October 2006. She worked together with a well known feminist from Iran and two writers from outside the country who could publish without censorship. She is fighting gender- based injustices in Iran's judicial system and is advocating for an end of stoning as a form of execution.She started her activism when she met a 16-year-old girl named Atefeh Sahaaleh who had endured a lifetime of sexual abuse. As a result of that abuse she had turned to sex work and was eventually sentenced for extramarital sex to death by stoning. <mask> felt compelled to write about and investigate the practice of stoning. During her investigations she found out that despite Iran's commitment to the international community to abolish the practice stoning were still going on in secret. In 2002, Iran's chief justice declared a moratorium on stoning. <mask> tried to publish her story but was soon after fired from her newspaper. The editor-in-chief of her newspaper said that it was impossible for them to publish the story as she was fighting Sharia law and the Iranian judicial system.She sent the story to another newspaper but they declined. After a long search, a women's publication agreed to publish an edited version. Soon after the publishing of the story of Atefeh <mask> heard of another similar story concerning the fate of Leyla, a nineteen-year old with mental age of an eight year old who was supposed to be hanged for chastity. <mask> found out that the girl was still alive in a prison in Arak and decided to help her. The girl had first been put out for prostitution by her own mother at the age between five and eight. From then onward her mother prostituted her and lived from the money. Leyla gave birth to her first child at age nine and received a 100 lashes sentence for chastity for the first time.She was sentenced to death for incest among other things as her brothers had been among the townsmen who had raped her. <mask> visited the judge who had sentenced Leyla and he said that the law is the law and that he was just applying it. He further stated, under <mask>'s account, that if the society was an apple Leyla was a worm. <mask> wrote a story about Leyla in the magazine Zanan. The story echoed internationally. Even the Norwegian prime minister Kjell Magne Bondevik wrote a letter to Iranian president Khatami. Eventually Leyla had a second trial.With the help of a friend of Shadi Sadr, her human rights attorney, <mask> was able to have Leyla be removed from prison and put in a social organization that provided her with private lessons and helped her to learn to read and to write. In 2007 <mask> was arrested and imprisoned. After this experience <mask> founded the 'Stop Stoning Forever Campaign'. She fights to have to practice of stoning stopped, researches cases of women who have been sentenced to death by stoning and shares their stories with the public. After the re-election of Mahmoud Ahmadinejad in 2009 the situation of humans rights activists became dangerous in Iran. <mask>'s phone calls were wiretapped, her e-mail messaged were surveilled. Four months after the re-election <mask> went to exile in Norway.In Norway she continued to be a contributor to a newspaper. She was also a guest writer in Trondheim City of Refuge from 2010 to 2012. Family
At the newspaper Zan Amini met Javad Montazeri, a photographer who came from the Mazandaran region like her. After eight months they decided to get married. After giving birth to her daughter Ava her husband encouraged her to continue to work. When she became pregnant for a second time, she tried to take medicine that would induce a miscarriage, which would make it possible to go to an emergency room in a hospital and have the fetus removed. This was necessary because abortion is illegal in Iran.However, the medicine didn't work and <mask> thought that she had damaged the fetus irreparably. So she proceeded to have an illegal abortion with complications but was able to return to work afterwards. Awards
 Hellman/ Hammett Award by Human Rights Watch in 2009
 Best Iranian poet by UNESCO's office in Tehran in 2005
 Oxfam Novib/ PEN award
 Ord i Grenseland Award in 2014

Writings
 "Hey, ... You Who Have Gone  "
 "Kom ikke til mine drømmer med gevær" ("Do not come into my dream with a gun")
 "Jeg savner å savne deg" ("I miss missing you")
 "Election Fallout- (Participated writer), Directed by Marcus Michaelsen"

References

1973 births
Living people
People from Mazandaran Province
Iranian women activists
Iranian women's rights activists
Iranian anti–death penalty activists
Iranian dissidents
Iranian political journalists
Iranian women poets
20th-century Iranian poets
21st-century Iranian poets
Iranian women journalists
Newspaper journalists
Iranian prisoners and detainees
Prisoners and detainees of Iran
Iranian exiles
Iranian expatriates in Norway
20th-century Iranian women writers
21st-century Iranian women writers

masks:
Asieh Amini
Amini
Amini
Amini
Amini
Amini
Amini
Amini
Amini
Amini
Amini
Amini
Amini
Amini
Amini
Amini
Amini
Amini
Amini
Amini
Amini
Amini
Amini
Amini
Amini
Amini
Amini


title: Jacques Damala

texts:
<mask> (Greek: Aριστεíδης Δαμαλάς, alternative spellings Aristidis or Aristide; 15 January 1855 – 18 August 1889), known in France by the stage name <mask>, was a Greek military officer-turned-actor, who is mostly remembered as being husband to Sarah Bernhardt for a number of years. <mask>'s characterisation by modern researchers is far from positive. His handsomeness was as notable as his insolence and Don Juan quality. Writer Fredy Germanos describes him as an opportunistic and hedonistic person, whose marriage to the great diva would inevitably intensify and maximise his vices, namely, his vanity and obsession with women, alcohol, and drugs. Diplomatic career and notorious social life
<mask> was born at Piraeus, Greece on 15 January 1855 to an aristocratic family. He was the second of three children to Ambrosios (Ambrouzis<mask> (2 June 1808 – 29 July 1869), a wealthy shipping magnate, who later served as mayor of Ermoupoli and Piraeus and his wife, Calliope Ralli (6 June 1829 – 14 February 1891), whose father, Loukas Rallis, had also once served as mayor of Piraeus and Ermoupolis, Syros (he had also came up with the name "Ermoupoli") and was a member of the Executive Committee which attempted the liberation of Chios in 1827, during the Greek War of Independence. The other two children of Ambrouzis and Calliope were a son, Paul (Pavlos) <mask> (17 July 1853 – 25 December 1925) and a daughter, Eirini (ca 1857 – ?).The family later moved to Marseille, France, where they spent several years, until they relocated to Ermoupoli, Syros, after Ambrosios was appointed mayor there. The family later returned to Marseille and eventually to Piraeus. After finishing school in Piraeus, <mask> spent four years abroad, mainly in England and France, where he pursued diplomatic studies. During his time abroad, he became acquainted with representatives of high society, as well as representatives of the theatre world, since he had the dream of excelling as an actor one day. He returned to Greece in 1878 and recruited in the army. He was later trained in the Page Corps in Russia but eventually decided to drop his studies there and return to Paris. By the early 1880s, he had earned a post as a military attaché to the Greek Diplomatic Corps.He quickly acquired a reputation of being "the handsomest man in Europe", as well as the nickname "Diplomat Apollo" by his friends and the assumption of being the most dangerous man in Paris, among the several husbands who feared their wives would fall victim to his charms and be seduced by the young diplomat. <mask> was indeed considered as the epitome of handsomeness of his time, and many women of the high society of Paris were infatuated with him. He rapidly earned the reputation of being a merciless heartbreaker and womaniser of the high circles. Besides his passion for women, he was also said to enjoy the company of young men, as well. His affair with the wife of a Parisian banker, Paul Meisonnier, had ruined the woman's reputation to the extent of forcing her to leave France. It was also rumoured that he had driven two women to divorce and one to suicide. One of his documented affairs was with the young daughter of a Vaucluse magistrate who had left her parents and home to follow <mask> to Paris, where he deserted her when their illegitimate child was born.The young girl was never heard from again; she is presumed to have committed suicide. Following these scandals, <mask> was reassigned to Russia. Meeting with Bernhardt and stay in Saint Petersburg

Prior to his transfer, he was introduced to Sarah Bernhardt by her half-sister, Jeanne, shortly before the summer of 1881. <mask> and Jeanne belonged to a circle of well-known morphine-takers who were associated with the stage world. <mask> had begun playing small parts as an amateur actor with the stage name of "Daria", and used to frequent the green rooms of theatres, along with fellow actors who shared a similar passion for morphine. He also frequented these places out of his desire to socialise with people from the theatre world and thus promoting his ambitions of becoming a great actor. Jeanne spoke to Bernhardt of <mask>, and Bernhardt felt simultaneously repelled and fascinated by the perspective of meeting the most notorious man in Paris.Their meeting was a highly anticipated one from both parties. Madame Pierre Berton, who wrote a biography for Sarah Bernhardt, remarks the following:

"It was inevitable that Bernhardt, the famous actress, and <mask>, the equally notorious bon-viveur, should eventually meet. Each knew the reputation of the other and their reputation was only the more whetted thereby (...) Bernhardt prided on her ability to conquer men, to reduce them to the level of slaves; <mask> vaunted his ability as a hunter and a spoiler of women (...) Their two natures were inevitably attracted towards each other (...) <mask> boasted to his friends that, as soon as he looked at her, the great Sarah Bernhardt would be counted in his long list of victims; and Bernhardt was no less certain that she had only to command for Damala to succumb". The two soon met. Even though Bernhardt was appalled by <mask>'s insolence towards her, she was nevertheless strongly attracted to him and soon fell madly in love with the Greek. During that period, Bernhardt was about to begin her world tour; knowing that <mask> was transferred in Saint Petersburg and interested in meeting him again, she decided to arrange a six-month stay in Russia, despite the fact she had previously – repeatedly – rejected offers of making appearances there. Indeed, she resided in Saint Petersburg for a few months, as an official guest of Emperor Alexander III of Russia, during which her romance with <mask> flourished.The openness of their affair scandalised the social circles of the city and proved a common topic of discussion. Marriage and new career
The match was far from being blissful. <mask> developed the habit of openly criticising and mocking Bernhardt in front of her friends. Bernhardt, in return, called him "Gypsy Greek" in an equal attempt to degrade him. However, in most cases, Bernhardt was so overwhelmed by her infatuation for him that she tolerated his insults and even begged him for forgiveness, behaviour which reaffirmed that <mask> had the upper hand in the relationship. After Bernhardt left Russia to extend her tour to other European countries, <mask> resigned from the Diplomatic Corps and followed Sarah's theatre circle. While in London, completing the final part of her tour, Bernhardt had yet another fight with <mask>.Bernhardt was supposed to have created the role of playwright Victorien Sardou Theodora during the tour. Instead, she sent Sardou the telegram: "I am going to die and my greatest regret is not having created your play. Adieu." A few hours later, Sardou received a second message by Bernhardt which simply stated: "I am not dead, I am married". When asked later by Sardou why she had wed, she somewhat naïvely responded that it was the only thing she had never done. Her impulsive decision to marry was probably at her own initiative, as <mask> sarcastically admitted to friends that it was she who had proposed to him. The wedding took place on 4 April 1882 in London, a city that proved a convenient choice for marriage, since religious differences would have been a hindrance for a possible marriage in Paris: Bernhardt was a Roman Catholic and Damala Greek Orthodox.Bernhardt's son, Maurice, was hostile to <mask> and against this marriage. Even though Bernhardt presented <mask> to reporters with the phrase "This ancient Greek god is the man of my dreams", the marriage became the object of criticism and even satire for press. Caricatures of Bernhardt and <mask> virtually flooded newspapers for months. A review of Les Mères Ennemies featured Bernhardt holding <mask> like a puppet, manipulating his limbs. <mask>'s marriage to Bernhardt made him even more unfaithful. Three weeks after the wedding, he had a fight with Bernhardt when he insisted she should change her stage name to <mask> to honour him. Following her refusal, he left the house.He was missing for a few days, much to Bernhardt's anxiety, and during this time was seen in the company of a young Norwegian girl. Upon his return, Sarah accepted his excuses. The tour went on to Ostend. At their last night there, <mask> fled again and was heard from two days later in Brussels, where he was accompanied by a Belgian woman. Bernhardt forgave him again when he returned. Despite the humiliations she endured, giving money to <mask> so as to pay his mistresses and debts to prostitutes, and the fact her husband's infidelity had been a common topic for gossip, the lovelorn Benrhardt tolerated all of these. Following their return to Paris, <mask>, compelled by the perspective of becoming a theatre star, decided to pursue an acting career.Some time later, Bernhardt bought a theatre, the Théâtre de l'Ambigu, and made the unfortunate decision of appointing Maurice as the manager and <mask> as the leading man. Bernhardt's friends could not understand what she saw in him. Her contemporaries were puzzled by her decision to discard professional actors so as to perform next to a rank amateur. Bernhardt seems to have been blinded by emotion: <mask> has been described as exceptionally untalented, lacking any acting qualifications, technique, or timing, and possessing an unintelligible Greek accent. Bernhardt was oblivious of all these shortcomings, and on the basis of her attraction for him, considered him appropriate and cast him as Armand Duval in La Dame aux Camélias (The Lady with the Camelias). Bernhardt is cited as telling a (rather shocked) Alexandre Dumas about <mask>: "Won't he make an excellent Armand? Only by looking at him, you understand why Marguerite Gautier dies in the way she does!".The couple returned to Paris and performed La Dame aux

masks:
Aristides Damalas
Jacques Damala
Damala
Damala
) Damalas
Damalas
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Sarah Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala


title: Jacques Damala

texts:
 Camélias. Sarah's performance was exalted; <mask>'s, on the other hand, received less than enthusiastic reviews. <mask> was furious and blamed Bernhardt. Separation
In December 1882, Bernhardt opened in Victorien Sardou's Fédora and again received excellent reviews. Sardou had written the play specifically for her, but had refused to allow <mask> to act in it. Bernhardt appointed her husband manager of her theatrical company on tour ("Head of the Tour"), a decision that proved disastrous, given <mask>'s lack of skills in managing. Bernhardt was eventually forced to remove him from his post and reduce him to Prince Consort.This development, combined with <mask>'s frustration over the way his career developed provoked him to continue the habit of humiliating Bernhardt in front of her friends and openly criticising her. His increasingly deeper addiction to drugs, particularly morphine, created even greater problems in their marriage. <mask>'s drug-influenced behaviour became frequently scandalous. On one occasion, while on stage with Bernhardt, a drug-induced <mask> tore down her dress and exposed her bare buttocks to the audience. On 12 December 1882, Bernhardt lashed out against <mask>, refusing to cover his expenses on women and drugs anymore, to which <mask> responded equally explosively with his own accusations. The next morning <mask> left, without notice, for North Africa. Realising he would never be seen as something more than "Mr Sarah Bernhardt", he decided to enlist for service in the spahi troops in Algeria.Bernhardt was left behind to settle for the debts arising from <mask>'s addiction to drugs and prostitutes as well as her son's gambling. In early 1883, she went to a tour in Scandinavia along with her lover, playwright Jean Richepin. Upon her return to Paris, she found that <mask> was again living in her house. Bernhardt left Richepin and the couple reunited for a while; soon, however, the marriage deteriorated even further, due to <mask>'s extreme drug addiction and the final separation was to come. Allegedly, Bernhardt became so distraught over her husband while performing Ophelia on stage, in Italy, that she finished her part earlier, came off stage and said: "That's it". Soon after, she moved him out of the house and put him into a clinic. Six months later, he returned to her house again, much to the dismay of Richepin.Bernhardt tried to prevent the pharmacists from providing him with drugs and then put him again to a clinic and later to a hotel, in the outskirts of Paris. However, the two were not divorced and the marriage legally endured until <mask>'s death in 1889. Since Bernhardt was very strict with her Catholic views, she only opted for a semi-legal separation, which also settled that, in return for certain sums she sent to him on a monthly basis, he would never re-enter her life. Life after separation  and health deterioration
Following his separation from Bernhardt, <mask> attempted returning to the diplomatic world. His re-entrance in the diplomatic profession proved very hard for him, though, and he remained in the acting profession. That same year, in 1883, he performed the most memorable role of his career (save for Armand) as Philippe Berlay opposite Jane Hading in the stage adaptation of Georges Ohnet's novel, Maître de Forges (Ironmaster). The play was a great success and ran through the entire year in the Théâtre du Gymnase, in Marseille.<mask> starred in few memorable productions in the following years. He played the leading man (as Jean Gaussin) in the comedy Sapho, Alphonse Daudet's stage adaptation of his own novel, Sapho, mœurs parisiennes, again with Hading as his partner. The play opened in the Gymnase in Paris, on 18 December 1885. <mask> also participated in the stage adaptation of another Ohnet novel, La Comtesse Sarah, in 1887. Despite these few prolific plays, <mask> was quickly forgotten or even deliberately ignored by the Parisian society, following his separation from the great diva. In March 1889, Bernhardt returned to Paris after a year-long European tour and receive a message from <mask> who informed her that he was dying in Marseille and begged her to forgive him and take him back. The fact she had never stopped loving and caring for her husband was proved that very moment: she abandoned her performances in Paris, rushed to him and nursed <mask>, whose health was wasted as a result of his longtime addiction.She took him in her house and after he recuperated, she cast him as her leading man in La Dame aux Camélias. <mask> promised to stop taking morphine and embarked on a European tour with Bernhardt (which also included Egypt). In truth, <mask>'s addiction to drugs became progressively worse. He continued using the drug and occasionally ridiculed himself, his clarity severely reduced from the morphine. On one occasion, he almost got arrested for exhibiting himself naked in the Hotel de Ville in Milan. <mask> reprised his role as Armand but after a six-week run he collapsed and was carried in the hospital. Shortly before his death, he was offered another role by Bernhardt, in the play Lena, at the Théâtre des Variétés.Just after the second performance, he was considered incapable of playing the part, due to his now permanent lack of clarity and continuous influence from alcohol and drugs. Illegitimate daughter
On early 1889, <mask> had also fathered a child with one of his mistresses, a theatre extra, who used to inject him with heroin, during intermissions. After his mistress gave birth to a baby girl, she placed the baby, in a basket, on Bernhardt's doorstep, together with a note. Bernhardt was furious to discover that <mask>'s illegitimate daughter was placed in her care and contemplated having the infant drowned on the river Seine. Bernhardt's servants attempted to notify <mask> of his child, however, he was unable to contemplate the situation, due to severely reduced clarity (a result of his deep addiction). Thankfully, his daughter's life was saved by a friend of both Bernhardt and <mask>, gun dealer and future tycoon Sir Basil Zaharoff, who proposed to take the child so that he could find a surrogate family for her. Eventually, the girl was baptised Teresa (1889–1967) and was raised in Adrianople, in Eastern Thrace.The adventures of <mask>'s daughter (who had brief affairs with Ernest Hemingway and Gabriele D'Annunzio and posed as a model for Picasso in the early 1920s) were documented by Fredy Germanos in his historical novel Teresa (Greek: Tερέζα, pronounced Tereza), published in 1997. The book also makes reference to <mask>'s Parisian life and mentions that Bernhardt remained in love with him until the end of her life. In fact, Bernhardt and <mask> also met each other, years later. Death

<mask> was found dead in Paris on 18 August 1889, in a hotel room, from an overdose of morphine and cocaine. The news of his death was concealed from Bernhardt until the time she had finished her performance. When she found out, she is cited as saying–presumably out of mercy for his condition– "Well, so much the better...". Bernhardt wore mourning for a year after <mask>'s death.She had legally adopted his surname (i.e. Sarah Bernhardt-<mask>) but never renounced it, even after her husband's death, though this was not widely known. She kept "Damala" as her legal name until she died, though her decision caused her some troubles during World War I, when an officer in a consular office at Bordeaux refused to grant her a visa to her passport, due to the fact the latter was Greek (King Constantine of Greece was thought to support the German side during the war and the French state refused to grant visas to Greek passports). It took the intervention of the Minister of Interior for Bernhardt to have her visa granted. Legacy
He has been portrayed by three actors in film and television biopics of Sarah Bernhardt. He was portrayed by John Castle in the film The Incredible Sarah (opposite Glenda Jackson) on 1976, by Canadian actor Jean LeClerc in the TV movie Sarah (also 1976) and by Gonzalo Vega in the Mexican TV series La Divina Sarah (1980). His younger sister, Eirene (ca 1857–?)had a brief affair with notorious Irish-born American author and journalist Frank Harris, as recounted by the latter in his scandalous autobiography My Life and Loves. Harris had met the <mask> family in the summer of 1880, when they were all residents at the Hotel d'Athènes, in Athens. Harris and Eirene <mask> (referred to in the book as "Mme M.") had a brief romantic/sexual affair, which Harris describes very graphically in his book. Eirene was estranged from her Scottish husband, who had left her and returned to England. Harris also befriended Aristides <mask> and the two became even closer friends when they met again in Paris, some time later. Harris also recounts an incident, in Trieste, when Bernhardt publicly lashed out against her husband for his infidelities, to which <mask> responded "Madame, you will never again have the opportunity of calling me names". He then returned to Paris.A disconsolate Bernhardt broke off the tour and also returned to the French capital and begged Harris to intervene so as for the reconciliation to come. <mask> is cited as telling Harris of Bernhardt: "A great talent, but a small nature and a foul tongue". Memorable stage credits

 1882 Alexandre Dumas La Dame aux Camélias (as Armand)
 1883 Georges Ohnet's Maître de Forges (as Philippe Berlay). The performance in Paris was a "great and unexpected success", "much to the surprise of M. Dalama". 1885 Alphonse Daudet's Sapho (as Jean Gaussin)
 1887 Ohnet's La Comtesse Sarah
 1889 Dumas' La Dame aux Camélias'' (as Armand)

References

1855 births
1889 deaths
Military personnel from Piraeus
Greek emigrants to France
Greek male stage actors
Hellenic Army officers
19th-century Greek male actors
Drug-related deaths in France
Cocaine-related deaths
Actors from

masks:
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Teresa Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala
Damala


title: Richard O. Culver Jr.

texts:
<mask>. "Dick<mask>. (April 9, 1936 – February 24, 2014) was a decorated United States Marine Corps officer who was one of the founders of the Marine Corps Scout Sniper School in Quantico, Virginia. <mask> served in combat in Vietnam and was awarded the Silver Star for his heroic actions during a firefight in 1967. Early years
<mask>. was born on Alcatraz Island on April 9, 1936. His father, <mask><mask>, was a guard at the Federal Penitentiary there and the family lived on the island. <mask>. was the first child born on the island while it was a Federal Penitentiary. His father was a retired Marine Corps lieutenant colonel who had served in the Banana Wars and in China.<mask>'s family moved to Hopewell, Virginia, where he attended elementary school and completed his high school education. <mask> enlisted in the Marine Corps at age 17. He graduated from high school in 1954 and then attended Virginia Military Institute (VMI), where he was a member of the Marine Corps Reserves. While at VMI, he competed as captain of the VMI Pistol team, and on the Marine Corps Reserve Rifle and Pistol team at the National Matches. He earned his bachelor's degree in physics in 1958. He later earned a master's degree in physics. Marine Corps service

<mask> enlisted into active service in the US Marine Corps on November 11, 1958.He subsequently attended Officer Candidate School (OCS) and was commissioned as a Marine Corps second lieutenant. Vietnam War
<mask> served two combat tours in Vietnam. In his first tour, from 1967 to 1968, he was wounded on his first day in combat and awarded the Purple Heart. After recovering, he led reconnaissance patrols. He then saw combat experience with the infantry, where he served as a company commander. While serving as the commanding officer of H Company, 2nd Battalion, 3rd Marines, in Vietnam, <mask> was awarded the Silver Star for his actions on July 21, 1967, during a firefight with a North Vietnamese Army company. As described in his obituary, he "exposed himself to fire several times, rallied his Marines, coordinated fire and medevacs, called in artillery and air support, and forced the enemy to break contact after suffering numerous casualties".<mask> had a second tour to Vietnam from 1971 to 1972. Sniper school
After the Vietnam War, the Marine Corps moved forward with forming a permanent Scout Sniper program. Together with Major Edward James Land (who was Culver's commanding officer in Vietnam), <mask> helped form, and was the first commander of, the first Marine Corps Scout Sniper School at Quantico, Virginia. Culver's senior NCO was GySgt Carlos Hathcock. <mask> was a member and later commanding officer of the Marine Corps Rifle and Pistol team, earning several medals in competition. Silver Star citation
For heroism in combat on July 21, 1967, when a captain in the United States Marine Corps, in Company H, 2nd Battalion, 3rd Marines, 9th Marine Amphibious Brigade:

The President of the United States of America takes pleasure in presenting the Silver Star to Captain <mask><mask>, Jr. (MCSN: 0-75696), United States Marine Corps, for conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity in action while serving as the Commanding Officer of Company H, Second Battalion, Third Marines, Ninth Marine Amphibious Brigade, in the Republic of Vietnam on 21 July 1967. While engaged in a company-size search and destroy mission near the village of Ap Sieu Quan during Operation BEAR CHAIN, Captain <mask> had established a defensive perimeter outside the village and had deployed one platoon to search the area when the entire company came under intense small arms and automatic weapons fire form an estimated North Vietnamese Army company firing from entrenched, heavily-fortified positions and sustained several casualties.Reacting immediately, he displayed exceptional courage and leadership as he exposed himself to hostile fire to move forward to a vantage point where he could more advantageously observe the action and direct the fire and movement of his men. He found that the Marines were temporarily pinned down by fire being delivered from a tree line 300 meters distant from his defensive perimeter and from positions within the village. Exhibiting an extensive knowledge of tactics, Captain <mask> quickly consolidated his position, established a base of fire to cover the evacuation of the wounded and maneuvered the search platoon back to the perimeter. He then called for gunship, fixed wing and artillery support. Completely disregarding his own safety, he repeatedly moved about the perimeter in the face of heavy North Vietnamese fire to encourage his men, ensure the security of each firing position and direct he fire of the company mortars. When the gunships arrived, Captain <mask> accurately directed their fire against hostile positions seventy-five meters from the front elements of his unit. Oblivious to the danger to his own life, he continued to expose himself to North Vietnamese fire to adjust rocket fire on other enemy positions.After the fixed wing aircraft arrived, he skillfully adjusted their runs directly on top of the enemy bunkers and trench lines. When all the aircraft had expended their ordnance and departed, Captain <mask> called in heavy artillery and accurately adjusted their fire. Establishing a well-integrated night defensive perimeter, he was able to provide security not only for his company but also for 250 refugees who had fled to the Marines for protection. Leading a coordinated two-platoon attack against the enemy the following morning, he found that the North Vietnamese had been successfully routed and had left five dead, one rifle, several grenades, demolitions and numerous pieces of equipment. By his superior leadership, bold initiative and selfless devotion to duty at great personal risk, Captain <mask> upheld the highest traditions of the Marine Corps and of the United States Naval Service. Post-Marine Corps
After retiring from the Marine Corps, <mask> spent four years in Saudi Arabia training their Marine Corps school. He then returned to the U.S., to Kellogg, Idaho, where he spent five years as the high school's JROTC senior instructor.In retirement, <mask> wrote about the Marine Corps and his experiences. On February 24, 2014, <mask> died at age 77 at Hospice House in Hayden, Idaho. He was survived by his wife and son. On May 24, 2014, Major <mask> was buried in Arlington National Cemetery with full military honors. See also

Carlos Hathcock - famed Marine Corps sniper. Edward James Land - worked with <mask> in establishing the first Scout Sniper School. United States Marine Corps Scout Sniper

References

External links
</ref>

</ref>

1936 births
2014 deaths
People from San Francisco
People from Hopewell, Virginia
Military personnel from California
Virginia Military Institute alumni
Recipients of the Silver Star
United States Marine Corps personnel of the Vietnam War
United States Marine Corps officers
Burials at Arlington National Cemetery

masks:
Richard O
" Culver Jr
Culver
Richard Otis Culver Jr
Richard O
. Culver
Richard Jr
Culver
Culver
Culver
Culver
Culver
Culver
Culver
Culver
Richard O
. Culver
Culver
Culver
Culver
Culver
Culver
Culver
Culver
Culver
Culver
Culver


title: George Duvivier

texts:
<mask> (August 17, 1920 – July 11, 1985) was an American jazz double-bassist. Biography
Duvivier was born in New York City, the son of Leon V. Duvivier and Ismay Blakely Duvivier. He attended the Conservatory of Music and Art, where he studied violin. At age sixteen, he worked as assistant concertmaster for the Central Manhattan Symphony Orchestra. He began playing double bass and concentrated on composition at New York University. In the early 1940s, he accompanied Coleman Hawkins, Lucky Millinder, and Eddie Barefield. After serving in the U.S. Army, he worked as an arranger for Jimmie Lunceford, then as arranger and bassist for Sy Oliver.In the 1950s, he accompanied Lena Horne on her tour in Europe. He recorded for commercials, television shows, and movie soundtracks. Although he spent most of his career as a sideman, he recorded as a leader in 1956 with Martial Solal for Coronet. For four years beginning in 1953, he worked steadily with Bud Powell. He also worked with Count Basie, Benny Carter, Benny Goodman, Chico Hamilton, Hank Jones, Shelly Manne, Oliver Nelson, Frank Sinatra, Clark Terry, Ben Webster, and Bob Wilber. He died of cancer in New York, aged 64. His mother Ismay <mask>, once a dancer, donated a large collection of papers, including letters and scrapbooks of her career and his, to the Institute of Jazz Studies at Rutgers University.Discography
With Pepper Adams
 The Cool Sound of Pepper Adams (Regent, 1957)

With Manny Albam
 Jazz Goes to the Movies (Impulse!, 1962)

With Joe Albany
 Portrait of an Artist (Elektra/Musicia, 1982)

With Gene Ammons
 Up Tight! (Prestige, 1961)
 Boss Soul! (Prestige, 1961)
 Soul Summit Vol. 2 (Prestige, 1962)
 The Soulful Moods of Gene Ammons (Moodsville, 1962)
 Late Hour Special (Prestige, 1962 [1964])
 Sock! (Prestige, 1962 [1965])
 Night Lights (Prestige, 1970 [1985])

With Mildred Anderson
 Person to Person (Bluesville, 1960)

With Louis Armstrong
Louis Armstrong and His Friends (Flying Dutchman/Amsterdam, 1970)

With Count Basie
 Memories Ad-Lib (Roulette, 1958)
 String Along with Basie (Roulette, 1960)
 Basie Swingin' Voices Singin' (ABC-Paramount, 1966)
 High Voltage (MPS, 1970)

With Louis Bellson
 Louis Bellson Quintet (Norgran, 1954)
 Drummer's Holiday (Verve, 1958)

With <mask>, Al Harewood and Mickey Tucker
 Jazz on a Sunday Afternoon, Volume 1 (Accord, 1973)
 Jazz on a Sunday Afternoon, Volume 2 (Accord, 1973)
 Jazz on a Sunday Afternoon, Volume 3 (Accord, 1973)

With Bob Brookmeyer
 Portrait of the Artist (Atlantic, 1960)
 Gloomy Sunday and Other Bright Moments (Verve, 1961)

With Ruth Brown
 Ruth Brown (Atlantic, 1957)

With Ray Bryant
 Here's Ray Bryant (Pablo, 1976)

With Kenny Burrell
 Bluesin' Around (Columbia, 1962 [1983])
 Blue Bash! (Verve, 1963)

With Benny Carter
 Benny Carter Plays Pretty (Norgran, 1954)
 New Jazz Sounds (Norgran, 1954)
 'Live and Well in Japan! (Pablo Live, 1978)

With Ron Carter
 Where?(New Jazz, 1961)

With Sonny Clark and Max Roach
 Sonny Clark Trio (Time, 1960)

With Arnett Cobb
 Blow Arnett, Blow (Prestige, 1959) – with Eddie "Lockjaw" Davis
 Smooth Sailing (Prestige, 1959)
 Live at Sandy's! (Muse, 1978)
 Keep On Pushin' (Bee Hive, 1984)

With Al Cohn
 Son of Drum Suite (RCA Victor, 1960)
 Body and Soul (Muse, 1973)

With Sam Cooke
 My Kind of Blues (RCA Victor, 1961)

With Eddie "Lockjaw" Davis
 Count Basie Presents Eddie Davis Trio + Joe Newman (Roulette, 1958)
 Eddie Davis Trio Featuring Shirley Scott, Organ (Roulette, 1959)
 The Eddie Davis Trio Featuring Shirley Scott (Roost, 1958)
 The Eddie "Lockjaw" Davis Cookbook (Prestige, 1958)
 Jaws (Prestige, 1958)
 The Eddie "Lockjaw" Davis Cookbook, Vol. (Swingville, 1960)
 Ya! Ya! (Argo, 1964)
 Off the Wall (Argo, 1964)

With Etta Jones
 Something Nice (Prestige, 1961)
 So Warm (Prestige, 1961)
 Lonely and Blue (Prestige, 1962)
 Save Your Love for Me (Muse, 1980)

With Hank Jones
 Bop Redux (Muse, 1977)
 I Remember You (Black & Blue, 1977)
 Compassion (Black & Blue, 1978)
 Bluesette (Black & Blue, 1979)

With Ben E. King
 Spanish Harlem (Atco Records, 1961)
 Don't Play That Song! Plays Harold Arlen's Music from Jamaica (RCA Victor, 1957)

With Herbie Nichols
 Love, Gloom, Cash, Love (Bethlehem, 1957)

With Anita O'Day
 All the Sad Young Men (Verve, 1962)

With Chico O'Farrill
 Spanish Rice  (Impulse!, 1966)
 Nine Flags (Impulse!, 1966)

With Jackie Paris
 The Song Is Paris (Impulse!, 1962)

With Houston Person
 Sweet Buns & Barbeque (Prestige, 1972)

With Dave Pike
 Limbo Carnival (New Jazz, 1962)

With Bucky Pizzarelli
 Songs for New Lovers (Stash, 1978)

With Bud Powell
 The Amazing Bud Powell Vol. 2 (Blue Note, 1953)

With Freddie Redd
 Lonely City (Uptown, 1985 [1989])

With Red Rodney
 Home Free (Muse, 1977 [1979])
 The 3R's (Muse, 1979 [1982])

With Jimmy Rushing
 Every Day I Have the Blues (BluesWay, 1967)

With A. K. Salim
 Stable Mates (Savoy, 1957)
 Blues Suite (Savoy, 1958)

With Lalo Schifrin
 Between Broadway & Hollywood (MGM, 1963)
 New Fantasy (Verve, 1964)

With Gunther Schuller
 Jazz Abstractions (Atlantic, 1960)

With Shirley Scott
 Great Scott!(Prestige, 1958)
 Scottie (Prestige, 1958)
 The Shirley Scott Trio (Moodsville, 1958)
 Scottie Plays the Duke (Prestige, 1959)
 Shirley's Sounds (Prestige, 1958–60)
 Soul Sister (Prestige 1960)
 Like Cozy (Moodsville, 1960)
 Now's the Time (Prestige, 1958–64)
 Great Scott!! (Impulse!, 1964)
 Roll 'Em: Shirley Scott Plays the Big Bands (Impulse!, 1966)
 Soul Duo (Impulse!, 1966) – with Clark Terry
 Girl Talk (Impulse!, 1967)

With Derek Smith
 Love for Sale (Progressive, 1978)

With Jimmy Smith
 Got My Mojo Workin' (Verve, 1966)

With Johnny Smith
 Johnny Smith (Verve, 1967)

With Leon Spencer
 Where I'm Coming From (Prestige, 1973)

With Sonny Stitt
 What's New!!! (Roulette, 1966)
 I Keep Comin' Back! (Roulette, 1966)
 Parallel-a-Stitt (Roulette, 1967)
 Goin' Down Slow (Prestige, 1972)
 In Style (Muse, 1982)
 The Last Sessions (Muse, 1982)

With Buddy Tate
 Live at Sandy's (Muse, 1978 [1980])
 Hard Blowin' (Muse, 1978 [1984])

With Billy Taylor
 Kwamina (Mercury, 1961)

With Clark Terry
 Mumbles (Mainstream, 1966)
 It's What's Happenin' (Impulse!, 1967)

With Joe Thomas and Jay McShann
 Blowin' in from K.C. (Uptown, 1983)

With Cal Tjader
 Several Shades of Jade (Verve, 1963)
 Breeze from the East (Verve, 1963)
 Warm Wave (Verve, 1964)
 El Sonido Nuevo (Verve, 1967) with Eddie Palmieri
 Last Bolero in Berkeley (Fantasy, 1973)

With Stanley Turrentine
 Stan "The Man" Turrentine (Time, 1960 [1963])

With Sarah Vaughan
 Dreamy (Roulette, 1960)
 After Hours (Roulette, 1961)
 ¡Viva! Vaughan (Mercury Records, 1965)

With Warren Vaché Jr.
 Iridescence (Concord Jazz, 1981 [1999])

With Eddie "Cleanhead" Vinson
 Live at Sandy's (Muse, 1978 [1981])
 Hold It Right There! (Muse, 1978 [1984])

With Mal Waldron
 Sweet Love, Bitter (Impulse!, 1967)

With Walter Wanderley
 Moondreams (A&M/CTI, 1969)

With Julius Watkins
 French Horns for My Lady (Philips, 1962)

With Chuck Wayne
 The Jazz Guitarist (Savoy, 1953 [1956])

With Ben Webster
 Music for Loving (Norgran, 1954)
 Wanted to Do One Together (Columbia, 1962) with "Sweets" Edison

With Frank Wess
 Southern Comfort (Prestige, 1962)

With Randy Weston
 Uhuru Afrika (Roulette, 1960)

With Bob Wilber & Kenny Davern
 Soprano Summit (Chiaroscuro, 1977)

With Joe Wilder
 The Pretty Sound (Columbia, 1959)

With Lem Winchester
 Lem Winchester with Feeling (Moodsville, 1961)

With Lester Young
 Laughin' to Keep from Cryin' (Verve, 1958)

References

External links
 George Duvivier recordings at the Discography of American Historical Recordings.<mask> at Verve Records
Tom Waits - Letterman 12-21-83

1920 births
1985 deaths
Musicians from New York City
American jazz double-bassists
Male double-bassists
Swing double-bassists
Bebop double-bassists
20th-century American musicians
20th-century double-bassists
Deaths from cancer in New York (state)
Jazz musicians from New York (state)
20th-century American male musicians
American male jazz musicians
New York University alumni

masks:
George Duvier
Duvivier
George Benson
George Duvivier