title: M.J. Alexander

texts:
<mask> (born July 18, 1961, in Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan) also known as M.J<mask>, is an American writer and photographer, playwright, poet, and lyricist who documents people and places of the American West, with an emphasis on the very young, the very old, and American Indian culture. She was inducted into the Oklahoma Journalism Hall of Fame in 2019. Documentary work
<mask> "combines the vision of an artist with the skills of a storyteller," according to the International Photography Hall of Fame. Her photographs have been featured in more than 20 solo shows since 2006, including at the Oklahoma State Capitol, the Red Earth Museum, and the Main Gallery of the International Photography Hall of Fame. Her iconic portrait of Thomas Jefferson Brown, 103, was named one of the top photographs in Oklahoma history by the editors of Oklahoma Today magazine. She is author and illustrator of two books: Salt of the Red Earth: A Century of Wit and Wisdom from Oklahoma’s Elders, portraits and interviews with 100 centenarians, including dozens born in Indian Territory and Portrait of a Generation - Children of Oklahoma: Sons and Daughters of the Red Earth featuring interviews with and environmental portraits of more than 250 Oklahomans from varied walks of life.The book launch and opening exhibit for Portrait of a Generation were hosted by the Oklahoma City Museum of Art; a collection of 36 of <mask>'s fine art portraits was shown in the OKCMOA Founders' Gallery in 2011. The book was a finalist in two categories and selected as top young adult book of the year at the 2011 Oklahoma Book Awards, sponsored by the Oklahoma Center for the Book. Critical acclaim

<mask> was honored at the 2009 UNESCO-sponsored World Humanity Photography Awards in Guangzhou, China, for her photographic series on Apache crown dancers. Of her ongoing portrait series of indigenous peoples, a reviewer wrote: "<mask>’s imagery moves beyond stereotypes to reflect not only a difficult and challenging past but today’s American Indian renaissance and hopeful future…. [offering] deep connection to the ancient and modern and to human transience. Now and then the earth shifts and if we're looking, art such as this can bring indescribable joy in the simple act of connecting to the human spirit. Such is the gift of <mask>'s portraits.""M.J<mask> has a way of seeing the world that shows it to you," according to the writer Alice Walker. "The layers of it that are sometimes ignored or overlooked, especially in our country. A brilliant photographer." Suzanne Tate, executive director of the Oklahoma Arts Council, calls <mask> "a transcendent visual storyteller...Her distinct style and abilities as an artist make her an invaluable cultural asset." Heidi Evans of the New York Daily News calls the work "remarkable, moving photographs and words that reveal the inner lives and quiet power of ordinary people -- people you might otherwise pass by. M.J<mask> shows the poetry deeply rooted in the Oklahoma -- and American -- landscape." From a public radio feature on <mask>'s "Salt of the Red Earth" centenarian project: "Many of us who work in radio would say that hearing the undoctored human voice is about as intimate as you can get.But take one look at M.J<mask>’s stunning sepia-toned portraits of Oklahomans over 100 years old, and there’s a certain timeless quality that seems to capture the essence of who these people are for all eternity." From a 2010 feature on the release of her second book: "The true storytellers mine deep into the hearts and souls of their subjects...M.J<mask> knows well the power of storytelling that uses both words and images. This month sees the release of an extraordinary new book by the award-winning Oklahoma City photographer and writer, as she continues her exploration of the people who are the heart and soul of her adopted home state." <mask>'s writing and photo features have been recognized with several awards from the Society of Professional Journalists. Her portraits of Alice Walker and Gloria Steinem were featured on the cover of the Fall 2009 issue of Ms. magazine, commemorating Steinem’s 75th birthday. A second portrait of Walker by <mask> was the cover photograph of the October 2010 Writer's Digest, and was discussed by Walker on her personal blog. Creative writing
<mask> is also a poet, playwright and lyricist.With her husband, composer Edward Knight, she has created two full-length musicals: Strike A Match (1999) and Night of the Comets (2001), both premiered at the Bass School of Music at Oklahoma City University. Cradle of Dreams, their work for chorus and orchestra, was commercially recorded by the Kiev Philharmonic and the Chamber Choir Kyiv. <mask> and Knight’s song cycle, Tales Not Told, is based on her poems exploring the viewpoints of six American ancestors of the composer: Helen Harvey Tiffany Paddock, Patience Brewster, Keziah Keyes Ransom,  Sarah Town Bridges Cloyce, Bessie Barton Paddock, and Mary Dyer. The work has been performed in New York, Oklahoma and California, including by the San Francisco Cabaret Opera, and published by Subito Music. The work was the subject of a doctoral dissertation by Catherine McDaniel at the University of Oklahoma. A national reviewer called the poems "beautiful" and the cycle "intriguing, heartfelt, and beautifully crafted." Europe
<mask> and Knight collaborated on the European debut of "Oklahoma," a 2018 retrospective encompassing 20 years of interviews and photographs.The exhibit included more than 100 images accompanied by a sound installation created by Knight in The Crypt Gallery of London: "As visitors' eyes adjusted to the darkness, their ears were enveloped by the sounds of Oklahoma: pulsating waves of buzzing cicadas, ethereal prairie birdsong, rising and falling winds. Flickering candles and the long plaintive note of a lone cello beckoned from within the catacombs. Six-foot-tall canvas portraits and diaphanous scrims with larger-than-life images of centenarians were suspended from the ceiling, standing sentry in the arches surrounding the perimeter. Aluminum prints...marched down the 50-foot-long brick entry corridor, offering windows of uninterrupted horizon beneath a kaleidoscope of skies." Reception to the work inspired the multimedia project "Quotelahoma," where <mask> combined image and text to create "mash-ups of decontextualized lyrics and Oklahoma photographs, combined with some modern signs, vernacular sayings and quotes excerpted from interviews from around the state." Her street-art posters were installed in urban centers of Europe, becoming part of what she termed a "multi-layered, multi-lingual urban artscape of protest and proclamation. The words and images were familiar … and yet not.What did they mean? Was it a code? Philosophy? Advice? Wisdom? It was not for me to say. The answer is as inscrutable and enigmatic as the place where the wind comes sweepin’ down the plain."<mask> is a dual citizen of Canada and the United States, raised in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. She attended a two-room schoolhouse before graduating from Vassar College and Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism. She is a veteran of The Associated Press in New York City and former head of the journalism department of Saint Michael's College in Vermont. She has been honored by Lake Superior State University in her hometown of Sault Ste. Marie with the Kenneth J. Shouldice Achievement Award for "personal and professional successes." References

External links

American photojournalists
Canadian photojournalists
Vassar College alumni
Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism alumni
American portrait photographers
American women photographers
People from Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan
1961 births
Living people
Canadian women journalists
Photographers from Oklahoma
21st-century American women

masks:
Mary Jane Alexander
. Alexander
Alexander
Alexander
Alexander
Alexander
Alexander
. Alexander
Alexander
. Alexander
Alexander
. Alexander
. Alexander
Alexander
Alexander
Alexander
Alexander
Alexander
Alexander
Background Alexander


title: Vladimir Kara-Murza

type: original

texts:
<mask>-Murza (, born 7 September 1981) is a Russian opposition politician and Boris Nemtsov’s protégé. He serves as vice-chairman of Open Russia, a NGO founded by Russian businessman and former oligarch Mikhail Khodorkovsky, which promotes civil society and democracy in Russia. He was elected to the Coordinating Council of the Russian Opposition in 2012, and served as deputy leader of the People's Freedom Party from 2015 to 2016. He is the author of two documentaries, They Chose Freedom and Nemtsov. As of 2021 he acts as Senior Fellow to the Raoul Wallenberg Centre for Human Rights. He was awarded the Civil Courage Prize in 2018. Early life, family, and education
<mask>-Murza was born in Moscow on 7 September 1981.He is the son of Russian journalist and television host <mask> Kara-Murza (1959–2019), an outspoken critic of Leonid Brezhnev and a supporter of reforms under Boris Yeltsin. His father was a great-grandson of Latvian revolutionary Voldemārs Bisenieks (1884–1938), and great-grand-nephew of Latvia's first Ambassador to Great Britain, Georgs Bisenieks (1885–1941; lv), both of whom were shot by the NKVD. The Latvian agronomist and publisher Jānis Bisenieks (1864–1923; lv) was their older brother. He is also related to Sergey Kara-Murza (born 1939), a Soviet/Russian historian, chemist and philosopher. They are members of the Kara-Murza family, descendants of a Tatar aristocrat who settled in Moscow and converted to Christianity in the 15th century AD. (The name in translation means "Black Lord".) Kara-Murza earned a BA and an MA degree in History at Cambridge University.With his wife, Yevgenia, he has three children. Work as a journalist, film-maker and author
Kara-Murza became a journalist at the age of 16. He worked as London correspondent for a succession of Russian media outlets: the newspapers Novye Izvestia  (1997–2000) and Kommersant (September 2000 to June 2003) and the radio station  Ekho Moskvy from September 2001 to June 2003. Kara-Murza then briefly became foreign affairs correspondent of Kommersant (July 2003 to April 2004) and Washington correspondent for the BBC (December 2004 to December 2005). In 2002, he was editor-in-chief of the London-based financial publication Russian Investment Review. In April 2004 he took over as the Washington bureau chief of the RTVi television network, a post he held for the next nine years. On 1 September 2012 he was dismissed from this job.They Chose Freedom, a documentary series (2005)

In 2005, Kara-Murza produced a four-part TV documentary, They Chose Freedom, dedicated to the history of the Soviet dissident movement. The documentary was based on interviews with Russian dissidents, including <mask>, Elena Bonner and Sergei Kovalev. It was first aired in October 2005. It has since been screened at various locations in Europe and North America, with subtitles added in English. On 24 March 2014, Kara-Murza, Anne Applebaum, and <mask> took part in a discussion following a London screening of the film. Reform or Revolution (published 2011)

In 2011, Kara-Murza published his first book, Reform or Revolution: The Quest for Responsible Government in the First Russian State Duma (in Russian only), which recounts the unsuccessful attempt by the Cadets or Constitutional Democratic Party to form a government during the brief existence of the first Russian Parliament or Duma from April to July 1906. Based on the original 1906 parliamentary record and contemporary newspaper reports, as well as memoirs by participants of the events, the book was launched in both Moscow and Saint Petersburg."Spotlight on Russia" blog (since 2010)
Since 2010 Kara-Murza has written a weekly blog, "Spotlight on Russia", for World Affairs Journal. In late 2014 and early 2015, he wrote about a number of anti democratic trends in Russia. President <mask>, for example, had resumed the Soviet practice of stripping dissidents of their Russian citizenship. As a result of this and other acts, Kara-Murza urged the Council of Europe not to restore Russia's voting rights, suspended since the annexation of Crimea. Kremlin SWAT teams, he wrote in December 2014, were breaking up opposition meetings. Putin's word was therefore "void of value", wrote Kara-Murza, citing as evidence the false statements made by the Russian President and his broken promises. "The End of Russia's Olympic Truce" (2014)
Putin had soft-pedaled his response to the opposition during the Sochi Olympics, warned Kara-Murza in an op-ed for The Wall Street Journal (26 February 2014).Now that the prestigious international event was ended the Russian president was rapidly returning to his former oppressive behaviour. Only hours after the closing ceremony in Sochi a Moscow court handed prison sentences to seven of the May 2012 Bolotnaya Square protestors. Pressure was brought to bear not only within Russia. Russia's nationwide TV had been broadcasting "hate-filled appeals to crush the protesters in Kiev" for several weeks early in 2014, noted Kara-Murza. For Putin, he explained, "maintaining the status quo in Ukraine was not primarily about preserving a post-Soviet sphere of influence or recreating a Moscow-led empire". The Russian president feared that "a democratic, pro-European Ukraine" would set "a 'dangerous' precedent for Russia" and that it would be "only a matter of time" before Russian citizens began to demand similar levels of political and economic freedom. In the public eye

From 1999 to 2001, Kara-Murza was a member of the Democratic Choice of Russia party; from 2001 to 2008 he was a member of the Union of Right Forces.Between 2000 and 2003 he served as an advisor to State Duma opposition leader Boris Nemtsov. He has been in opposition to <mask> since 2000, backing liberal candidate Grigory Yavlinsky in the 2000 presidential election. Stands for election to the State Duma (2003)
Kara-Murza was a candidate for election to the Russian parliament, or State Duma, in the 2003 parliamentary election, running in Moscow's Chertanovsky district. His candidacy was endorsed jointly by the Union of Right Forces and Yabloko. During the campaign, various underhanded methods were used against Kara-Murza. The candidate from the United Russia ruling party <mask>v attempted to have him removed from the ballot; the lighting on Kara-Murza's campaign billboards and the sound during his televised debates were turned off; and unlawful carousel voting was discovered on election day. British journalist Andrew Jack named the Chertanovsky district in south Moscow as a case of electoral manipulation in Russia's 2003 vote in his book Inside Putin's Russia.According to the official results, Gruzdev received 149,069 votes (53.8%); Kara-Murza, 23,800 votes (8.6%); and Communist Party candidate Sergei Seregin, 18,992 votes (6.9%). Bukovsky for president, 2007–2008
In January 2004, he co-founded the Committee 2008, an umbrella opposition group led by Boris Nemtsov and Garry Kasparov. In May 2007, Kara-Murza nominated the veteran human rights activist and writer <mask> as a democratic opposition candidate for the Russian presidency in the 2008 election. "The opposition needs a candidate for president – strong, uncompromising, decisive, with irreproachable political and, more importantly, moral authority," read the statement written by Kara-Murza on behalf of Bukovsky's campaign committee. "Russia needs its own Vaclav Havel, not a new successor from [the KGB].". From May to December 2007, Kara-Murza chaired Bukovsky's campaign committee, which included, among others, Academician Yuri Ryzhov, writer and satirist Victor Shenderovich, columnist Andrei Piontkovsky, lawyer Yuri Schmidt, human rights activist Alexander Podrabinek, and political analyst <mask>sky. In October 2007, Kara-Murza was one of organisers of the "Rally of Free People" held on Moscow's Triumfalnaya Square in support of Bukovsky's presidential nomination.On 16 December 2007 Bukovsky was duly nominated as a presidential candidate by 823 members of a voters' assembly in Moscow (the law required at least 500 people to support such a nomination). At the same meeting, Kara-Murza was elected as Bukovsky's plenipotentiary representative to Russia's Central Electoral Commission. On 22 December 2007 the Commission refusing to register Bukovsky as a candidate for the presidency, thereby denying Bukovsky access to the ballot. Russia's "extra-systemic" opposition
At the founding convention of Solidarnost, Russia's united democratic movement, in December 2008, Kara-Murza was elected to the movement's federal council, placing second out of 77 candidates, behind Nemtsov. He was re-elected to the Solidarnost council in 2010 and 2013. In 2012, he took part in the street protests in Moscow against Putin's rule, the largest pro-democracy demonstrations in Russia since 1991. In June 2012, Kara-Murza was elected to the federal council of the Republican Party of Russia – People's Freedom Party, co-chaired by Boris Nemtsov, Mikhail Kasyanov, and <mask>.In October 2012, he was elected to the Coordinating Council of the Russian Opposition, placing 21st out of 169 candidates and receiving 20,845 votes. Institute of Modern Russia, 2012
Soon after, on 1 November 2012, Kara-Murza was hired by the Institute of Modern Russia as the organisation's senior policy advisor. "It is an honor for me to join this distinguished institute and contribute to its mission of keeping the spotlight on the situation in Russia and advocating for democracy, human rights, and the rule of law", said Kara-Murza, "These values should remain at the forefront of international relations." In this capacity he took part in panel discussions about Russia's future at the Heritage Foundation in February 2013 and in October 2013, with Pavel Khodorkovsky (son of the former entrepreneur and philanthropist Mikhail Khodorkovsky) and others, in a similar discussion hosted by the National Endowment for Democracy. Open Russia
Kara-Murza is a coordinator of the Open Russia Foundation, founded by Mikhail Khodorkovsky. The organisation was created with the goal of promoting civil society and democracy in Russia, while revoking Putin's grip on power. Launched in 2014, Open Russia has been instrumental in educating Russian citizens on western democracy, whilst bringing opposition groups and activists in contact with support from the west.Kara-Murza is deputy chairman and heads Open elections project designed to promote free and fair elections in Russia; a task he has noted is exceedingly difficult given the government's ability to silence opposition and manipulate elections. He also frequently addresses international stages to promote further cooperation and discussion among nations. Funeral pallbearer for John McCain
In April 2018, United States Senator John McCain sent Kara-Murza a message revealing that McCain had been diagnosed with brain cancer and requesting that Kara-Murza, who had worked with McCain on issues relating to Russia since 2010, serve as a pallbearer at the senator's eventual funeral. Kara-Murza later said that he was "speechless", "heartbroken", and "close to tears", and that doing so would be "the most heartbreaking honor that anyone could think of". McCain died on 25 August; Kara-Murza joined fourteen others chosen by McCain himself, including President Joe Biden and actor Warren Beatty, as a pallbearer at McCain's funeral at the Washington National Cathedral on 1 September. McCain's choice of Kara-Murza was described by Politico as a "final dig" at Putin, of whom McCain was a vocal critic, and at U.S. President Donald Trump, for his apparent closeness to the Russian president. Magnitsky Act

As a journalist and public figure, who was fluent in English and based partly in the US, Kara-Murza Jr played a notable part in the events that led, in

masks:
Vladimir Vladimirovich Kara
Vladimir Vladimirovich Kara
Vladimir Alexeyevich
Vladimir Bukovsky
Vladimir Bukovsky
Vladimir Putin
Vladimir Putin
Vladimir Gruzde
Vladimir Bukovsky
Vladimir Pribylov
Vladimir Ryzkov


title: Vladimir Kara-Murza

texts:
 2012, to the passing of the "Magnitsky" Act by the US Congress.In July 2012, Kara-Murza reported that he had been denied access a few days earlier to the Russian Embassy in Washington, D.C. This decision was taken on the orders of the ambassador himself, on the grounds that Kara-Murza was "no longer a journalist". Yet it was not until 1 September that Kara-Murza's dismissal as Washington bureau chief of RTVi was made public. According to several sources he was now on a "blacklist" and could not be employed as a journalist by any Russian media outlets. The reason for this ban was his advocacy of the Sergei Magnitsky Rule of Law Accountability Act, then being considered by the US Congress. The draft law was named after Sergei Magnitsky, a Moscow lawyer who uncovered a massive tax-fraud scheme involving several law-enforcement officials and who died in custody of those same officials in 2009 after being tortured and denied medical care. Its purpose was to prevent the issuing of U.S. visas to persons "responsible for the detention, abuse, or death of Sergei Magnitsky", (and for "extrajudicial killings, torture, or other gross violations of internationally recognized human rights" in Russia) and to freeze access to any U.S.-based assets those persons might hold.The law also extended to cover Russian officials involved in broader acts of corruption and in violations of basic civil liberties. Kara-Murza explained his support for the law by saying that "The prospect of losing access to the West and its financial systems...may well be, for now, the only serious disincentive to corruption and human rights violations by Russian officials." Writing in the National Interest Mark Adomanis warned that the Magnitsky law came with a cost. It had "potential downsides," and was worsening "Russia's already precarious human-rights situation", driving "some of the ever-dwindling number of effective opposition journalists" from the country. In particular he cited the firing of Kara-Murza, although the journalist's employers described his dismissal as part of "a long-planned reorganization". Opposition leader Boris Nemtsov, reported Adomanis, "suggested the decision to fire Kara-Murza may have come from an extremely high-ranking official: Alexei Gromov, the deputy head of the presidential administration." An article in July by Peter Baker of the New York Times was devoted largely to the arguments of the law's critics.He did quote Kara-Murza's comment that the bill would hit corrupt officials and human-rights violators "where it hurts, closing access to their ill-gotten gains in the West." On 25 July 2012, Kara-Murza testified before the Tom Lantos Human Rights Commission of the U.S. Congress about human-rights abuses in Russia and described the proposed Magnitsky Law as "a pro-Russian bill which provides a much-needed measure of accountability for those who continue to violate the rights and freedoms of Russian citizens." He added: "The Kremlin's reaction to this legislation shows that it hits them precisely where it hurts. I want to take this opportunity to thank Co-Chairmen McGovern and Wolf for their leadership on this issue. I hope the Magnitsky Act is signed into law before the end of this year." In a December 2012 article co-written with Nemtsov, Kara-Murza reiterated his support for the Magnitsky Act which he and Nemtsov called "a pro-Russian law that strikes at the heart of the Kremlin's mafia-like system", adding that "Russian opposition and civil society leaders and cultural figures, as well as a plurality of Russian citizens, are in favour of the Magnitsky law." On 12 December 2012, the Magnitsky Act became United States law.Appeals for Canada and the EU to follow suit
Kara-Murza and Nemtsov called on Canada to pass a similar piece of legislation, then under consideration by the International Human Rights Subcommittee of the Canadian parliament's House of Commons. Writing for Macleans in December 2012, Michael Petrou reported Kara-Murza's visit to Ottawa to urge the passage of the proposed Canadian version of the Magnitsky law, a private member's bill introduced by Liberal MP Irwin Cotler: while it was the task of Russian opposition leaders, not foreigners, "to bring democratic change to Russia," Kara-Murza said, Western democracies could still help the cause of Russian democracy through legislation. Those in Russia who had abused and tormented Magnitsky "rule in the style of Zimbabwe or Belarus," wrote Petrou, paraphrasing Kara-Murza, "but prefer the West as a safe place to store their money, buy second homes, and send their children to school. And it is in the West where they are most vulnerable." In June 2013, in an interview with France 24 television, Kara-Murza discussed the proposed version of the Magnitsky law then being debated in the European Parliament. He spoke in favour of such laws, and noted that the list of persons covered by the U.S. law was being expanded. He distinguished between those in the European Parliament who were "friends of Russia" and those who were "friends of Putin".In March 2014, noting that the average Russian opposes intervention in Ukraine by the government of <mask>, Kara-Murza stated that the world "should respond to Putin's aggression" by imposing sanctions against its perpetrators. He called for the list of Russian human-rights abusers who were already banned, under the Sergei Magnitsky Act, from travelling to the United States and keeping assets there to "be dramatically expanded to include senior Kremlin officials responsible for the attack on Ukraine and the crackdown against Russian citizens." He also expressed the hope that "the European Union would soon follow with its own version of the Magnitsky sanctions." "Those who commit acts of aggression and abuse the rights of their own citizens should not be entitled to the privileges and comfort of the democratic West," he said. 'Nemtsov List'

On 27 February 2015, Boris Nemtsov was executed with four shots from behind while he was sitting on a bridge near Red Square in Moscow. According to Bill Browder, <mask>. Kara-Murza is a protégé of Boris Nemtsov. In late April 2015, <mask>. Kara-Murza and Mikhail Kasyanov presented a list of eight names to members of the House of Representatives and the Senate of the US Congress.These were the TV presenters and other State-employed journalists and commentators who, Kara-Murza and Kasyanov explained, had created an atmosphere of "hatred, intolerance and violence" around the figure of opposition leader Boris Nemtsov in the months leading up to his murder one hundred yards from the Kremlin. Specifically, the named individuals had stated on nationwide television that Nemtsov was a traitor, an enemy of Russia, part of a "Fifth Column" within the country, and that he would have welcomed the invading German forces outside Moscow in 1941. Kara-Murza explained the appeal to U.S. legislators by saying that Russia's law-enforcement agencies, unfortunately, had declined to investigate these recorded and documented statements although incitement to harm an individual was also a crime according to the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. These eight names, Kara-Murza hoped, would now be added to those already on the Magnitsky List. The eight names were listed in the Kommersant daily newspaper. On 18 May 2015 the daily newspaper Komsomolskaya Pravda reported that Yevgeny Alexeyevich Fyodorov, a State Duma deputy for United Russia, had requested the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation to assess whether Mikhail Kasyanov and Kara-Murza had not committed an act of treason, under Article 275 of the RF Criminal Code, by submitting the above list of eight names to members of the US Congress. When approached by the newspaper the Investigative Committee would not pass comment on deputy Fyodorov's statement.Poisoning

2015 poisoning
On 26 May 2015, Kara-Murza was suddenly taken ill in Moscow during a meeting. He had eaten lunch at a restaurant and then had a two-hour meeting, during which he consumed nothing and felt normal, before becoming ill over a ten to fifteen minute period, leading to vomiting. At first he was thought to be having heart difficulties, but treatment at a specialised cardiac clinic did nothing to arrest the symptoms. Kara-Murza was then taken to hospital in Moscow. Initial symptoms indicated that he could have been poisoned, according to doctors, and he was later diagnosed with kidney failure. Coming after the murder of his colleague Boris Nemtsov on 27 February 2015, and mindful of other cases of poisoning, both in Russia (journalist and Duma deputy Yuri Shchekochikhin in 2003, the attempted murder of Anna Politkovskaya in 2004) and abroad (Alexander Litvinenko in October 2006) there was great concern on the part of friends and family. His wife Yevgenia urged that he be evacuated from Russia for examination and treatment abroad.On 2 June, it was announced by a spokesman for the Republican Party of Russia – People's Freedom Party that Kara-Murza had emerged from his coma and recognised his wife, who was now by his bedside. The cause of his sudden illness remained a mystery, but in an interview with the BBC his father commented, "if someone did want to frighten us, then they succeeded." After his release from the hospital, Kara-Murza stated that it was difficult to "believe this was an accident", suspecting it was an intentional poisoning, but noted there was no way to be certain. On 15 August 2015 Mikhail Khodorkovsky commented with delight that Kara-Murza had returned to work co-ordinating the Open Elections project. Kara-Murza is working to provide free and fair elections for the Duma. 2017 poisoning
On 2 February 2017, Kara-Murza was again hospitalised after the onset of the same symptoms as his prior illness. He was put in a medically-induced coma and was on life support.He was treated at the same hospital by the same medical team who had already saved his life in 2015. According to his lawyer Vadim Prokhorov, Kara-Murza was diagnosed by the hospital with 'toxic influence of an unknown substance'. He was released on 19 February and has gone abroad for rehabilitation. His lawyer sent the Russian Investigative Committee a request to open a criminal case into the alleged poisoning. A similar request after the 2015 incident had been turned down without an explanation. His blood samples were provided to a number of laboratories including one affiliated to the FBI. But for unclear reasons, the FBI subsequently have not revealed details of their investigations into the substance that triggered Kara-Murza's illness, with one US Senator suggesting that it might be "classified".In February 2021, a Bellingcat joint investigation with The Insider and Der Spiegel said that Kara-Murza was followed by the same FSB unit that allegedly poisoned Alexei Navalny before he fell ill in 2015 and 2017. References

Works
Books

Articles

 Russian authorities just arrested an entire conference hall full of people. I was one of them. // The Washington Post, March 18, 2021

External links

Results of the Russian parliamentary elections, 7 December 2003
<mask>-Murza Jr, They Chose Freedom, 4-part TV documentary (in Russian, with English subtitles), 2005
"Film on Soviet Dissidents Presented at Harvard University", SPS.ru, 7 March 2006
"<mask> Will Run for President of Russia in 2008", Prima-News Agency, 28 May 2007

1981 births
Living people
Russian people of Latvian descent
Alumni of Trinity Hall, Cambridge
People educated at The John Lyon School
Solidarnost politicians
21st-century Russian politicians
Union of Right Forces politicians
Yabloko politicians
People's Freedom Party politicians
2011–2013 Russian protests
Russian historians
Russian people of Tatar

masks:
Vladimir Putin
Vladimir V
Vladimir V
Vladimir Kara
Vladimir Bukovsky


title: Brice Guidon

texts:
<mask> (born July 16, 1985), also known as "Nectar", is a French Muay Thai kickboxer. He is the W.P.M.F. European Heavyweight and World Super Heavyweight Muaythai Champion, and the 2011 United Glory World Series runner-up. He has competed in the GLORY, K-1, It's Showtime and SUPERKOMBAT promotions. Biography and career
<mask> was born on 16 July 1985. He started practicing boxing at the age of 9. He had his first professional fight at the age of 21.Guidon resides and trains at Nectar Boxing Camp in Tours, France and trains at Mejiro Gym, Amsterdam. He rematched Schilt at the opening stage of the sixteen-man 2012 Glory Heavyweight Grand Slam at Glory 4: Tokyo - 2012 Heavyweight Grand Slam in Saitama, Japan on December 31, 2012. Schilt was much more dominant this time, flooring Guidon with a left jab in the opening seconds of round two before finishing him with the same technique soon after. Schilt would then go on to beat three more opponents that night to win the tournament. He was knocked out by Daniel Ghiță in round one at Glory 9: New York - 2013 95kg Slam in New York City on June 22, 2013. Guidon lost to Jahfarr Wilnis by KO at Glory 10: Los Angeles - Middleweight World Championship Tournament in Ontario, California, United States on September 28, 2013. His release from Glory was reported in February 2014, having gone 0-3 with three knockout losses in the promotion.He lost to Raul Cătinaș at the SUPERKOMBAT World Grand Prix I 2014 in Reșița, Romania on April 12, 2014, receiving three counts from referee Cezar Gheorghe, before being stopped in round two. Titles
2012 World Pro League Super Heavyweight Kickboxing K1 champion (+91 kg)
2011 United Glory World Series runner up
2010 W.P.M.F. World Super Heavyweight Muaythai champion
2010 W.P.M.F. style=background:white colspan=9 |
|-
|-  bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 2011-11-19 || Win ||align=left| Zinedine Hameur-Lain || Time Fight || Tours, France || Decision (Unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
|-
|-  bgcolor="#FFBBBB"
| 2011-05-28 || Loss ||align=left| Gokhan Saki || United Glory 14: 2010-2011 World Series Finals, Final || Moscow, Russia || Decision (Unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
|-
! style=background:white colspan=9 |
|-
|-  bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 2011-03-19 || Win ||align=left| Mourad Bouzidi || United Glory 13: 2010-2011 World Series Semi Finals, Semi Finals || Charleroi, Belgium || TKO (Right Hook)|| 2 || 1:39
|-
|-  bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 2010-12-04 || Win ||align=left| Tomas Novack || Thailand King's Birthday || Bangkok, Thailand || KO || 3 ||
|-
! style=background:white colspan=9 |
|-
|-  bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 2010-10-16 || Win ||align=left| Filip Verlinden || United Glory 12: 2010-2011 World Series Quarter Finals, Quarter Finals || Amsterdam, Netherlands || Decision (Unanimous) || 3 || 3:00
|-
|-  bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 2010-07-23 || Win ||align=left| Frank Muñoz || Muay Thai France vs Thailand || Stade de l'Est, Réunion || Decision (Split) || 5 || 3:00
|-
! style=background:white colspan=9 |
|-
|-  bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 2010-04-30 || Win ||align=left| Martin Jahn || Urban Boxing United ||Marseilles, France || KO || 4 ||
|-
!style=background:white colspan=9 |
|-
|-  bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 2010-03-13 || Win ||align=left| Hesdy Gerges || Oktagon presents: It's Showtime 2010 ||Milan, Italy || Ext R. Decision || 4 || 3:00
|-  bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 2010-02-06 || Win ||align=left| Chris Knowles || UKC France MAX 2010 ||Dijon, France || TKO (Elbow) || 1 ||
|-
! style=background:white colspan=9 |
|-
|-  bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 2005-02-19 || Win ||align=left| Koos Wessels || Rising Sun 5, Semi Final ||Beilen, Netherlands || Decision || 3 || 2:00
|-
|-  bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 2004-11-05 || Win ||align=left| Remus Petrică || Total Kombat 1 "Cade Braşovul" ||Braşov, Romania || TKO (Referee Stoppage) || 3 ||
|-  bgcolor="#CCFFCC"
| 2004-09-04 || Win ||align=left| Paul Hooplot || Gala Geeraets Gym || Netherlands || Decision || 5 || 2:00
|-
|-
| colspan=9 | Legend:

See also
List of K-1 events
List of K-1 champions
List of male kickboxers

References

External links
Official Website
Nectar Boxing Camp Official Website
Guidon's Official K-1 profile
Interview with Brice Guidon
Guidon's Official Glory profile

1985 births
Living people
French male kickboxers
Heavyweight kickboxers
French Muay Thai practitioners
French savateurs
Sportspeople from Tours, France
French expatriate sportspeople in the Netherlands
SUPERKOMBAT kickboxers

masks:
Brice Guidon
Brice Guidon


title: Sun Xiu

texts:
<mask> (235 – 3 September 264), courtesy name Zilie, formally known as Emperor Jing of Wu, was the third emperor of the state of Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms period of China. Early life
<mask> was born in 235 to Wu's founding emperor, <mask>, and one of his concubines, Consort Wang. In his youth, he was praised for his studiousness. About 250, <mask> arranged for a marriage between <mask> and Lady Zhu, the daughter of <mask>'s daughter <mask> and her husband Zhu Ju. In 252, just before <mask>'s death, he enfeoffed <mask> as the Prince of Langya, with his princedom at Hulin (虎林; in present-day Chizhou, Anhui). Later that year, after his younger brother <mask> became emperor, the regent Zhuge Ke did not want the princes to be based near the important military bases along the Yangtze River, so he moved <mask> to Danyang Commandery (丹陽郡; in present-day Xuancheng, Anhui). Unlike his brother <mask> (), <mask> did not resist Zhuge Ke's move.Once he was at Danyang Commandery, the commandery administrator Li Heng () found many excuses to bully him. <mask> could not endure Li Heng's bullying so he requested to be relocated elsewhere. <mask> then issued an order relocating him to Kuaiji Commandery (around present-day Shaoxing, Zhejiang). In 255, at the instigation of <mask>'s sister <mask>, the regent <mask> had <mask>, <mask>'s half-sister and mother-in-law, executed. <mask> began to fear for his own safety, so he sent his wife Princess Zhu back to the imperial capital Jianye and offered to divorce her, but <mask> declined his request and sent Princess Zhu back to <mask>. In 258, after a failed coup against the regent <mask> (<mask>'s cousin and successor), <mask> was deposed and replaced with <mask> as the new emperor of Wu. Coup against <mask>
After his accession, <mask> ordered five new counties to be added to <mask>'s marquisate to appease him, in addition to enfeoffing <mask>'s brothers as marquises too.However, <mask> soon fell out with <mask> over a relatively small incident – he brought food and wine to the imperial palace and asked the emperor to dine with him, but the emperor refused. <mask> then went to dine with the general Zhang Bu instead and casually remarked that he could replace <mask> easily if he wanted to. Later Zhang Bu secretly reported <mask>'s dissatisfaction to <mask>. Although <mask> continued to pretend to be friendly towards <mask>, he began to discreetly prepare to defend himself against <mask>. At the same time, <mask> had become worried about his relationship with <mask>. So he requested permission to go to Wuchang (武昌; present-day Ezhou, Hubei) and oversee the defences at the border. Although <mask> approved <mask>'s request, he suspected that <mask> wanted to seize control of Wuchang and then rebel against him.Another official, Wei Miao (), also warned <mask> that <mask> might be plotting treason when he asked to leave for Wuchang. By this time, there were widespread rumours that <mask> was disloyal towards <mask>. <mask> then conspired with Zhang Bu and another general Ding Feng to assassinate <mask> at a feast during the Laba Festival (8th day of the 12th lunar month). <mask> got wind of the plot, but still attended the feast where he was captured by Zhang Bu and Ding Feng's soldiers. When <mask> begged for his life and pleaded to be exiled to Jiao Province or reduced to the status of a slave, <mask> refused to spare him and told him that he did not spare Teng Yin or Lü Ju either when he came to power in 256. <mask> then ordered <mask> to be executed along with his family members. Reign
As emperor, <mask> was known for being tolerant of differing opinions, as well as his studiousness.However, he did not appear to be a particularly capable emperor, either in military or domestic matters, and he entrusted most of the important affairs to Zhang Bu and Puyang Xing, neither of whom was particularly capable either. Both were also moderately corrupt. The government was therefore not efficient or effective. For example, in 260, with Puyang Xing's support, a costly project was started to create an artificial lake known as the Puli Lake near present-day Xuancheng, Anhui for irrigation purposes, even though many officials believed the project to be too costly and without any guarantee of success. Eventually, the project had to be abandoned when it became clear that it could not be completed. In the first year of his reign, the Nanking Imperial University was established, with Wei Zhao being the first president. In 260, <mask>, who had always been concerned about plots regarding his brother, deposed Emperor <mask>, acted after receiving false reports that <mask> had used witchcraft.He had <mask> demoted from the status of Prince of Kuaiji to Marquis of Houguan and sent him to his marquisate (in present-day Fuzhou, Fujian). <mask> died en route to Houguan – with the popular belief being that he committed suicide, but with some historians believing that <mask> poisoned him. The Wu official Xue Xu, who visited Wu's ally state Shu Han in 261, provided a description of Shu to <mask> upon his return as follows:

Historians largely believe that Xue Xu was not just referring to Shu, but rather using Shu's situation as an allegory to warn <mask> that Wu was in a similar situation. <mask> did not seem to have understood what Xue Xu meant. In 262, <mask> instated his wife Princess Zhu as the empress. He also designated his eldest son, <mask>, as the crown prince. In 263, due to the corruption of the commandery governor <mask> (), the people of Jiaozhi (交趾; present-day Hanoi, Vietnam) rebelled, and they were joined by the people in the neighbouring Jiuzhen (九真; modern Thanh Hóa, Vietnam) and Rinan (日南, modern Quang Tri, Vietnam) commanderies.The rebels also sought military assistance from Wu's rival state, Wei. (Wei and its successor state, the Jin dynasty, did provide assistance to the rebels. Besides, the rebellion was not suppressed until 271, some years well into the reign of <mask>'s successor, <mask>o.) In 263, when Wu's ally state Shu came under attack by their rival state Wei, they sought assistance from Wu. <mask>u sent two separate armies – one to attack Shouchun (present-day Shou County, Anhui) and the other to attack Hanzhong Commandery – to distract the Wei army and force them to withdraw from Shu. However, both armies never succeeded in their mission. The Shu emperor Liu Shan surrendered to Wei later that year, thus bringing Shu's existence to an end.When <mask> heard that some former Shu commanderies were at a loss on what to do after Liu Shan's surrender, he sent his troops in an attempt to conquer them for Wu. However, Luo Xian, a former Shu general stationed at Badong Commandery (巴東郡; around the present-day Three Gorges Dam), managed to hold his ground against the Wu invasion and eventually surrendered to Wei. In the summer of 264, <mask> became ill and could not speak, but could still write, so he wrote an edict summoning Puyang Xing to the imperial palace, where he entrusted the crown prince <mask> to Puyang Xing. <mask> died soon thereafter. Puyang Xing, however, did not follow <mask>'s dying wish and make <mask> the new emperor. Instead, after discussing with Zhang Bu, he decided to put an older and more mature emperor on the throne. (It is unknown how old <mask> was at the time of <mask>'s death, but since <mask> was 29 when he died, it was most likely that <mask> was still a child then.)On the recommendation of Wan Yu, Puyang Xing and Zhang Bu installed <mask>, a son of <mask> (crown prince during <mask>'s reign), on the throne. A tomb located in Dangtu County, Anhui is assumed to belong to <mask>u and Lady Zhu. Family

See also
 Lists of people of the Three Kingdoms
 List of Chinese monarchs

Notes

References

 Chen, Shou (3rd century). Records of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi). Pei, Songzhi (5th century). Annotations to Records of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi zhu). Sima, Guang (1084).Zizhi Tongjian. 235 births
264 deaths
3rd-century Chinese monarchs
Eastern Wu emperors
Family of <mask>

masks:
Sun Xiu
Sun Xiu
Sun Quan
Sun Quan
Sun Xiu
Sun Quan
Sun Luyu
Sun Quan
Sun Xiu
Sun Liang
Sun Xiu
Sun Fen
Sun Xiu
Sun Xiu
Sun Liang
Sun Xiu
Sun Luban
Sun Jun
Sun Luyu
Sun Xiu
Sun Xiu
Sun Jun
Sun Xiu
Sun Chen
Sun Jun
Sun Liang
Sun Xiu
Sun Chen
Sun Xiu
Sun Chen
Sun Chen
Sun Chen
Sun Xiu
Sun Chen
Sun Xiu
Sun Chen
Sun Xiu
Sun Xiu
Sun Chen
Sun Chen
Sun Chen
Sun Xiu
Sun Xiu
Sun Chen
Sun Chen
Sun Xiu
Sun Chen
Sun Chen
Sun Xiu
Sun Xiu
Sun Chen
Sun Chen
Sun Chen
Sun Xiu
Sun Xiu
Sun Chen
Sun Xiu
Sun Xiu
Sun Liang
Sun Liang
Sun Liang
Sun Liang
Sun Xiu
Sun Xiu
Sun Xiu
Sun Xiu
Sun Xiu
Sun Wan
Sun Xu
Sun Xiu
Sun Ha
Sun Xi
Sun Xiu
Sun Xiu
Sun Wan
Sun Xiu
Sun Xiu
Sun Wan
Sun Wan
Sun Xiu
Sun Xiu
Sun Wan
Sun Hao
Sun He
Sun Quan
Sun Xi
Sun Quan


title: Porter Moser

texts:
<mask> (born August 24, 1968) is a college basketball coach who is the current head coach of the University of Oklahoma men's basketball team. <mask> spent 10 years (2011–2021) at Loyola University Chicago, helping lead the Ramblers to the Final Four in 2018. Originally from Naperville, Illinois, <mask> attended and played varsity basketball at Benet Academy, and then Creighton University. <mask> previously held the head coaching position at Illinois State (2003–2007) and Arkansas-Little Rock (2000–2003). Prior to being hired at Loyola, <mask> was an assistant coach at Saint Louis under Rick Majerus for the 2007-08 season, and the associate head coach from 2008-11. Playing career

During his high school career, <mask> helped lead Benet Academy in suburban Lisle to a 70-14 (.833) record in three years on the varsity roster, playing for coach Bill Geist. The Naperville native led Benet to three West Suburban Catholic Conference titles and was a three-time all-conference and two-time all-area selection.As a senior, he was named Most Valuable Player in the West Suburban Catholic Conference. On May 6, 2017, he was inducted into the Illinois Basketball Coaches Association (IBCA) Hall of Fame. <mask> went on to play college basketball at Creighton University for coach Tony Barone, where he helped the Bluejays to a Missouri Valley Conference Championship and NCAA Tournament appearance in 1989. He played in 102 games including 27 starts, averaging 4.6 points and 1.7 assists per game during his collegiate career. Coaching career

Assistant
After graduating from Creighton, <mask> began his coaching career in the 1990–91 season as a graduate assistant at Creighton under Barone. Following Barone to Texas A&M, <mask> was an assistant there from 1991 to 1995 and helped Texas A&M make its first postseason appearance in seven years, in the 1994 National Invitation Tournament. After serving as an assistant at Milwaukee in the 1995–96 season, <mask> returned to Texas A&M for what would become Barone's final two seasons as head coach from 1996 to 1998.From 1998 to 2000, <mask> was an assistant coach at Arkansas–Little Rock, under Wimp Sanderson in his first season and Sidney Moncrief in his second. Arkansas–Little Rock
<mask>'s first head coaching job was with Arkansas–Little Rock from 2000 to 2003. Inheriting a 4-24 team, <mask> led the Trojans to an 18-11 record in his first season and finished with an overall 54-34 record. Statistically, the Trojans moved from last to first in the Sun Belt Conference in field goal percentage defense and three-point field goal percentage defense in <mask>'s first season in 2000–01. Illinois State
<mask> was the head coach at Illinois State from 2003 to 2007. After finishing the 2003-04 season 10-19, <mask> led Illinois State to a 17-13 overall record and sixth-place finish in the Missouri Valley Conference (MVC). However, Illinois State dropped to 9-19 in 2005-06 season, including a 1–9 finish.Despite an improvement to 15–16 in 2006-07 season, Illinois State lost in the first round of the MVC Tournament for the 3rd consecutive season. Seeking a change "in the overall direction of the program," Illinois State Athletics Director Sheahon Zenger fired <mask> and terminated the contracts of Moser's three assistant coaches on March 5, 2007. Saint Louis
Ranked in the top 50 Division I assistant coaches by Basketball Times in 2009, <mask> was an assistant coach at Saint Louis under Rick Majerus from 2007 to 2011, including as associate head coach from 2008 to 2011. In 2009–10, Saint Louis finished 23-13 and as CBI runners-up. Loyola–Chicago
On April 5, 2011, Loyola University Chicago named <mask> head coach of the Loyola Ramblers men's basketball team. <mask>'s hire followed the firing of Jim Whitesell, who went 109–107 in seven seasons. In his introductory press conference, <mask> said that he aspired to make Loyola–Chicago into a Horizon League contender similar to Butler.Under <mask>, Loyola–Chicago went 7–23 in the 2011–12 season and 15–16 in 2012–13 before moving from the Horizon League to the Missouri Valley Conference (MVC) in 2013. In its first season in the MVC, Loyola–Chicago went 10–22. <mask>'s fourth season was his first at Loyola–Chicago with a winning record, at 24–13 (8–10 MVC) and the College Basketball Invitational title following a two-game sweep of Louisiana–Monroe. After a 15–17 season in 2015–16, Loyola–Chicago had its second winning season under <mask> in 2016–17 with an 18–14 (8–10 MVC) record. 2018 Final Four run

<mask> had his most successful season at Loyola–Chicago in 2017–18, with a 32–6 (15–3 MVC) record, MVC regular season and tournament titles, and appearance in the Final Four as a no. 11 seed. The MVC preseason poll picked Loyola–Chicago to finish third, with one vote picking Loyola–Chicago for first place.On December 6, 2017, Loyola–Chicago beat a top-five team for the first time since the 1984–85 season after a 65-59 away upset of no. 5 Florida. On March 4, 2018, Loyola–Chicago defeated <mask>'s former school Illinois State 65-49 in the MVC Tournament final to qualify for the NCAA Tournament for the first time since 1985. Entering the NCAA Tournament as a no. 11 seed, Loyola–Chicago had close upset victories in the first three rounds, 64-62 over no. 6 Miami (FL) in the Round of 64, 63-62 over no. 3 Tennessee in the Round of 32, and 69-68 over no.7 Nevada in the Sweet 16. The win over Nevada was the 30th overall win for Loyola–Chicago, enough for the most wins in program history. Loyola–Chicago advanced to its first Final Four since the 1963 national title year, after a 78-62 win over no. 9 Kansas State. Loyola became only the fourth no. 11 seed to reach the Final Four, after LSU in 1986, George Mason in 2006, and VCU in 2011. On March 31, Loyola–Chicago lost to no.3 Michigan 69-57 in their Final Four game held at the Alamodome in San Antonio. Prior to Final Four weekend, <mask> expressed hope that his team's run in the tournament would make it easier for other mid-major programs to earn at-large NCAA Tournament bids. Recruiting Chicago-area players
<mask> had success drawing recruits from the Chicago area talent pool. Former players Milton Doyle (Marshall), Donte Ingram (Simeon), Christian Negron (Elgin), and Cameron Krutwig (Jacobs) as well as current players Lucas Williamson (Whitney Young), Marquise Kennedy (Brother Rice) and Tom Welch (Naperville North) are all from the Chicago area. Oklahoma
On April 2, 2021, <mask> accepted the head coaching position at the University of Oklahoma, succeeding retired coach Lon Kruger. <mask> agreed to a 6-year contract with the Sooners. He was officially announced as the Sooners' head coach in a press conference on April 7.Broadcasting
During the 2019 NCAA Tournament, <mask> signed on with CBS and Turner as a guest TV studio analyst for the second round of the tournament. Head coaching record

Personal
<mask> has a wife, Megan, and four children, Jordan, Jake, Ben, and Max. See also
 List of NCAA Division I Men's Final Four appearances by coach

References

External links
Oklahoma bio

1968 births
Living people
Basketball coaches from Illinois
Basketball players from Illinois
Benet Academy alumni
College men's basketball head coaches in the United States
Creighton Bluejays men's basketball coaches
Creighton Bluejays men's basketball players
Illinois State Redbirds men's basketball coaches
Little Rock Trojans men's basketball coaches
Loyola Ramblers men's basketball coaches
Milwaukee Panthers men's basketball coaches
People from Wilmette, Illinois
Saint Louis Billikens men's basketball coaches
Sportspeople from Cook County, Illinois
Texas A&M Aggies men's basketball coaches

masks:
Porter Andrew Moser
Moser
Moser
Moser
Moser
Moser
Moser
Moser
Moser
Moser
Moser
Moser
Moser
Moser
Moser
Moser
Moser
Moser
Moser
Moser
Moser
Moser
Moser
Moser
Moser
Moser
Moser
Moser
Moser
Moser
Moser
Moser


title: Clément Janequin

texts:
<mask> (c. 1485 – 1558) was a French composer of the Renaissance. He was one of the most famous composers of popular chansons of the entire Renaissance, and along with Claudin de Sermisy, was hugely influential in the development of the Parisian chanson, especially the programmatic type. The wide spread of his fame was made possible by the concurrent development of music printing. Life
<mask> was born in Châtellerault, near Poitiers, though no documents survive which establish any details of his early life or training. His career was highly unusual for his time, in that he never had a regular position with a cathedral or an aristocratic court. Instead he held a series of minor positions, often with important patronage. In 1505 he was employed as a clerk in Bordeaux, to Lancelot du Fau, who eventually became Bishop of Luçon; he retained this position until du Fau's death in 1523, at which time he took a position with the Bishop of Bordeaux.Around this time he became a priest, though his appointments were rarely lucrative; indeed he always complained about money. After 1530 <mask> held a succession of posts in Anjou, beginning as a singing teacher to the choirboys at the cathedral at Auch, and progressing to maître de chapelle at the singing school at Angers Cathedral. Around this time he attracted the attention of Jean de Guise, the patron of Erasmus, Clément Marot, and Rabelais; it was a welcome career boost, and, in 1548, with the additional assistance of Charles de Ronsard (the brother of poet Pierre de Ronsard), he became curate at Unverre, not far from Chartres. During this time he lived in Paris. By 1555 he was listed as a "singer ordinary" of the king's chapel, and shortly thereafter became "composer ordinary" to the king: only one composer (Sandrin, also known as Pierre Regnault) had previously had this title. In his will, dated January 1558, he left a small estate to charity, and he complained again of age and poverty in a dedication to a work published posthumously in 1559. He died in Paris.Music and influence
Few composers of the Renaissance were more popular in their lifetimes than Janequin. His chansons were well-loved and widely sung. The Paris printer Pierre Attaingnant printed five volumes with his chansons. La bataille, which vividly depicts the sounds and activity of a battle, is a perennial favorite of a cappella singing groups even in the present day. Janequin wrote very little liturgical music: only two masses and a single motet are attributed to him, though more may have been lost. His 250 secular chansons and his (over 80) psalm settings and chansons spirituelles — the French equivalent of the Italian madrigale spirituale — were his primary legacy. The programmatic chansons for which <mask> is famous were long, sectional pieces, and usually cleverly imitated natural or man-made sounds.Le chant des oiseaux imitates bird-calls; La chasse the sounds of a hunt; and La bataille (Escoutez tous gentilz), probably the most famous, and almost certainly written to celebrate the French victory over the Swiss Confederates at the Battle of Marignano in 1515, imitates battle noises, including trumpet calls, cannon fire and the cries of the wounded. Onomatopoeic effects such as these became a commonplace in later 16th century music, and carried over into the Baroque era; indeed "battle music" was to become a cliché, but it first came into prominence with Janequin. In addition to the programmatic chansons for which he is most famous, he also wrote short and refined compositions more in the style of Claudin de Sermisy. For these he set texts by some of the prominent poets of the time, including <mask> Marot. Late in his life he wrote the Psalm settings based on Genevan tunes. Since there is no documentary evidence, the question of whether he sympathized with the Protestants remains unanswered. French composer Jehan Alain composed, as a tribute, a set of variations for organ on a theme attributed to Janequin (Variations sur un thème de Clément Janequin, 1937); although later scholarship has identified that particular piece as being an anonymous love song from a 1529 collection by Pierre Attaignant.List of works

Manuscripts
 2 chansons in ms. 125-123, Bibliothèque Municipale, Cambrai, France
 3 chansons in ms. 204; 1508; 1516, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Munich, Germany
 La Bataille in the archives of Puebla Cathedral, Puebla, Mexico
 A chanson in ms. 74 H. 7, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, The Hague, Netherlands
 3 chansons in ms. Ashb. 1058 Biblioteca Laurenziana, Florence (The part of the tenor is in ms. Cons. Rés. 255, Bibliothèque nationale de France, Paris)
 5 chansons in ms. Bourdeney-Pasche, Bibliothèque nationale de France, Paris, vers 1605
 2 chansons in Ms. A. R. 940/41, Proske-Bibliothek, Regensburg, Germany

Historical publications

 c. 1528
 Chansons de maistre C. Janequin nouvellement et correctement imprimeez. Attaingnant, Paris sd. [c.1528] [Chant des oiseaux, La Guerre, La Chasse, L'alouette, Las povre cœur]
 A chanson à quatre voix in "6 Gaillardes et six Pavanes avec 13 chansons" Attaingnant, Paris s.d., [c. 1528]
 A chanson in "34 chansons". Attaingnant, Paris c. 1528
 A chanson in "37 chansons".Attaingnant, Paris d.d. [c. 1528]
 A chanson in "chansons nouvelles en musique". Attaingnant, Paris 1528
 1529
 5 chansons in "31 chansons". Attaingnant, Paris 1529
 2 chansons in "34 chansons". Attaingnant, Paris 1529
 1530
 A chanson in "29 chansons". Attaingnant, Paris 1530
 A chanson in "36 chansons" Attaingnant, Paris 1530
 1531
 La Bataille in "Canzoni frottole et capitoli da diversi", V. Dorich, Rome 1531
 A chanson in "25 chansons". Attaingnant, Paris, February 1531
 1533
 Vingt et quatre chansons musicales ... composées par maistre Cl.Janequin. Attaingnant, Paris, after 1533
 1534
 4 chansons in "28 chansons". Attaingnant, Paris, October 1534
 7 chansons in "28 chansons". Attaingnant, Paris, March 1534
 1535
 A chansons in "Del secondo libro delle canzoni franzese". O. Scotto, Venice s.d. (c. 1535)
 4 chansons in "Livre 1er contenant 29 chansons". Attaingnant, Paris 1535
 1536
 13 chansons (3 anonymous) in "Tiers livre contenant XXXI chansons musicales ... composeez par Jennequin et Passereau".Attaingnant, Paris, May 1536
 A chanson in "Second livre contenant 25 chansons". Attaingnant, Paris 1536
 A chanson in "Second livre contenant 31 chansons...". Attaingnant, Paris 1536
 1537
 Les chansons de la Guerre, la chasse, le chant des oyseaux, l'alouette, le rossignol composees par maistre Clement Jennequin. Attaingnant, Paris, May 1537
 A chanson in "Second livre contenant 30 chansons vieilles esleues". Attaingnant, Paris 1537*
 A chanson in "Tiers livre". Attaingnant, Paris 1537
 1538
 Congregati sunt, motet à quatre voix in "Liber cantus triginta novem motetos", J. de Buglhat, Ferrara 1538
 2 chansons in "Second livre contenant 26 chansons". Attaingnant, Paris, 1538; 1540 (second edition)
 10 chansons in "Venticinque canzoni francesi a 4 di C. Janequin e di altri ... Lib.I". Gardane, Venice 1538
 A chanson in "Le Parangon des chansons Second livre". Jacques Moderne, Paris 1538 : 1540 (second édition)
 A chanson in "Le Parangon des chansons Tiers livre". Jacques Moderne, Paris 1538; 1543 (second édition)
 1539
 A chanson in "6e livre". Attaingnant, Paris 1539
 1540 (before 1540), Missa super La Bataille à 4 voix in "Liber decem missarum", Lyon undated; Jacques Moderne 1540 (second édition); ms. 1550, National bibliothek Vienna; "Nach-druck f. A. v. Ysenburg, Graf zu Büdingen" without place of production 1560
 8e livre contenant XIX chansons nouvelles ... de la facture et composition de maistre Cl. Jennequin. Attaingnant, Paris 1540
 4 chansons in "5e livre".Attaingnant, Paris 1540
 5 chansons in "Le parangon des chansons 7e livre. Jacques Moderne, Paris, 1540
 A chanson in "Le Parangon des chansons 6e livre". Jacques Moderne, Paris 1540
 A chanson in "Le Parangon des chansons 5e livre". Jacques Moderne, Paris, undated
 1541
 30 chansons in Di Festa libro primo de madrigali a tre voci [...] Aggiuntovi simil-mente trenta canzoni francese di Janequin. A. Gardane, Venice 1541; 1543 [with annotations]
 A chanson in "Le Parangon des chansons 9e livre" Jacques Moderne, Paris 1540
 1543
 2 chansons in "14e livre". Attaingnant Paris, 1543
 8 chansons in "13e livre". Attaingnant, Paris 1543
 A chanson in "12e livre".Attaingnant, Paris 1543
 1544
 4 chansons in "15e livre". Attaingnant Paris 1544
 A chanson in "Le difficile des chansons Second livre". Jacques Moderne, Paris 1544
 1545
 2 chansons in "22e livre". Attaingnant, Paris 1545
 2 chansons in "16e livre". Attaingnant, Paris 1545
 2 chansons in "18e livre". Attaingnant, Paris 1545
 6 chansons in "17e livre".

masks:
Clément Janequin
Janequin
Janequin
Janequin
Clément


title: Clément Janequin

texts:
 Attaingnant, Paris 1545
 Clément Janequin ... Libro primo.Gardane, Venezia 1545 [La Bataille, l'Alouette, les Cris de Paris, le Chant des oiseaux, le Rossignol]; reprinted in "Le premier livre de Clement Janequin". H. Scotto, Venice 1550
 Le 10e livre contenant la Bataille a 4 de C. Janequin avecq la 5e partie de Ph. Verdelot si placet. Tielman Susato, Antwerp 1545
 1547
 7 chansons in "23e livre". Attaingnant, Paris 1547
 5 chansons in "25e livre". Attaingnant, Paris 1547
 4 chansons in "24e livre". Attaingnant, Paris 1547
 1548
 A chanson in "26e livre".Attaingnant, Paris 1548
 8 chansons in "Secondo libro di canzoni francese à quatre voix del divino et eccellente musico <mask> et altri autori". Gardane, Venezia 1548; Scotto, Venice (second édition); Gardane Venice 1560 (third édition)
 1549
 6 chansons in "30e livre". Attaingnant, Paris 1549
 31e livre contenant XXX chansons nouvelles ... de la facture et composition de maistre Cl. Jennequin. Attaingnant, Paris, May 1549
 5 chansons in "33e livre". Attaingnant, Paris 1549
 3 chansons in "Second livre". Nicolas Du Chemin, Paris, 1549
 1er livre contenant 28 Pseaulmes de David traduictz ... par M. Cl.Marot. Du Chemin, Paris 1549 (1 édition comprising 2 volumes and 1 édition comprising 4 volumes)
 2 chansons in "1er livre contenant 25 chansons". Nicolas Du Chemin, Paris 1549
 A chanson in "Tiers livre". Nicolas Du Chemin, Paris 1549
 A chanson in "34e livre". Attaingnant, Paris 1549
 A chanson in "Quart livre", Nicolas Du Chemin, Paris 1549
 1550
 4 chansons in "8e livre". Nicolas Du Chemin, Paris
 2 chansons in "9e livre". Nicolas Du Chemin, Paris 1551
 4 chansons in "7e livre".Nicolas Du Chemin, Paris 1550
 7 chansons in "6e livre". Nicolas Du Chemin, Paris
 6 chansons in "5e livre". Nicolas Du Chemin, Paris 1550
 1552
 2 chansons à trois voix in "La Fleur de chansons et 6e livre". Susato, Antwerp undated [1552]
 7 chansons à trois voix in "La Fleur de chansons et 5e livre à trois parties". Susato, Antwerp 1552
 5 chansons in "10e livre", Nicolas Du Chemin, Paris 1552; 1554 (second édition)
 3 chansons in "Les Amours de P. de Ronsard". Veuve de La Porte, Paris 1552; 1553 (second édition)
 A chanson in "Tiers livre des chansons". Phalèse, Leuven 1552
 1554
 3 chansons in "11e livre", 1554
 Missa super L'Aveuglé dieu à 4 voix in "Missae duodecim cum 4 voci", Du Chemin, Paris 1554
 1555
 Second livre des inventions musicales de M. Cl.Janequin. Contenant le chant des oyseaux, le chant de l'alouette, le chant du rossignol, la prise de Boulongne, la réduction de Boulongne, la meusnière de Vernon, Un jour voyant, Herbes et fleurs le tout à quatre parties nouvellement reveu. Nicolas Du Chemin, Paris August 1555
 Le caquet des femmes à 5 parties [...] nouvellement reveu et corrigé. Nicolas Du Chemin, Paris 1555
 1er livre des inventions musicales de M. Cl. <mask>. Contenant la Guerre, la Bataille de Metz, la Jalouzie. Le tout à 5 parties nouvellement reveu, corrigé.Nicolas Du Chemin, Paris, July 1555
 La Vénerie autrement dit la chasse [...] à 4 et à 7 parties, nouvellement reveue et corrigée par luy. Nicolas Du Chemin, Paris, September 1555
 Second livre de chansons et cantiques spirituels ... à quatre parties. Du Chemin, Paris, 1555
 1556
 Premier livre contenant plusieurs chansons spirituelles, avec les lamentations de Jérémie. Adrian Le Roy & Robert Ballard, Paris 1556
 5 chansons in "6e livre de chansons nouvellement composées". Adrian Le Roy & Robert Ballard 1556; 4 in the second édition of 1559; 3 in the third édition of 1569; 4 in the fourth édition of 1578
 2 chansons in "1er livre de chansons nouvellement mises en musique". M. Fezandat, Paris 1556
 2 chansons in "8e livre de chansons nouvellement composées". Adrian Le Roy & Robert Ballard, Paris 1556; 1557 (second édition); 1 in the third édition of 1559; 1572 (fourth édition); 1573 (fifth édition); 1575 (sixth édition)
 3 chansons in "7e livre de chansons nouvellement composées".Adrian Le Roy & Robert Ballard, Paris 1556; 4 in the second édition of 1565
 A chanson in "5e livre de chansons nouvellement composées". Adrian Le Roy & Robert Ballard, 1556
 A chanson in "Second livre". M. Fezandat, Paris 1556
 1557
 2 chansons in "12e livre". Nicolas Du Chemin, Paris 1557
 3 chansons in "Musica de diversi autori La Bataglia francese et la Canzon delli ucelli [...]. A. Gardane, Venice 1577 **[La Bataille, le Chant des oiseaux, Martin menoyt]
 A chanson in "1er livre de chansons nouvellement mises en musique". Nicolas Du Chemin, Paris 1557
 1558
 Proverbes de Salomon mis en cantiques et rime françoise selon la verité hébraïque ... à quatre parties. Le Roy & Ballard, Paris 1558
 1559
 Octante deux pseaumes de David traduits en rithme françoise par Cl.Marot et autres avec plusieurs cantiques, ebda. 1559 (m. Brief dans Vs. an die Königin); 2 chansons spirituelles à quatre voix dans Le 1er livre de chansons spirituelles, mises en musique par divers autheurs et excellens musiciens, Lyon 1561, Straton, Lyon 2/1568, B. Rigaud. 1564
 Verger de musique contenant partie des plus excellents labeurs de M. C. Janequin, à 4 et 5 parties [...] reveuz et corrigez par luy mesme. Premier livre, Adrian Le Roy & Robert Ballard, Paris 1559
 A chanson in "Second recueil des recueils". Adrian Le Roy & Robert Ballard, Paris 1564
 1573
 A chanson in "4e livre de chansons". Adrian Le Roy & Robert Ballard, Paris 1573
 une chansons "11e livre de chansons". Adrian Le Roy & Robert Ballard, Paris 1573.1578
 2 chansons à trois voix in "Second livre de chansons à trois parties" Le Roy & Ballard, Paris 1578
 Undated
 Le difficile des chansons 1er livre contenant XXII chansons nouvelles [...] de la facture et composition de Me Cl. Janequin. Jacques Moderne, Paris undated

Modern publications
 Bordes Charles (1863–1909), Chansonnier du XVIe siècle. Paris 1905 [4 chansons]
 Brennecke Wilfried (*1926, éditeur), Carmina germanica et gallica (I). Bärenreiter-Verlag Kassel 1956 [une chanson]. Cauchie Maurice (1882–1963, éditeur), <mask> <mask>. 30 chansons à 3 et 4 voix.Rouart, Paris 1928
—, Le caquet des femmes. Rouart, Paris 1925
—, Les cris de Paris, Florilège du concert vocal de la Renaissance. (3) 1928
—, Quinze chansons du XVIe siècle. 1926
—, Un psaumes à quatre voix. Dans "Cauchie Maurice, "Mélanges de musicologie offerts à M. Lionel de La Laurencie", Droz, Paris 1933
 Eitner Robert (1832–1905, éditeur), 60 chansons zu 4 Stimme. Publikationen der Gesellschaft für Musikforschung, herausgegeben (23) 1899 [deux chansons]
 Expert Isidore-Norbert-Henry (1863–1952, éditeur), Extraits des maîtres musiciens de la Renaissance française (18-21, 23, 28-30). 1905 [huit chansons]
—, chansons (Attaingnant 1528).in "Maîtres musiciens de la Renaissance française" (VII) 1898
—, 31 chansons d'Attaingnant. in "Maîtres musiciens de la Renaissance française" ( V), Paris 1897 [5 chansons]
—, La Fleur des musiciens de P. de Ronsard. Paris 1923 [trois chansons; édité précédemment par Jean Tiersot dans "Sammelbände der Internationalen Musikgesellschaft (IV) 1902 / 1903, p. 119-128]
—, L'alouette (avec les 5 voix de Claude Le Jeune). Leduc, Paris 1900
—, Répertoire populaire de la musique de Renaissance. Senart, Paris 1914 [ Hélas mon dieu]
—, Messe La Bataille. Salabert, Paris 1947
—, Florilège du concert vocal de la Renaissance. (1) 1928 (4 chansons)
 Indy Vincent d' (arrangeur), La guerre de Renty (ajout d'une voix).Rouart, Paris 1916
 Lesure François (1923–2001, publisher), Motet Congregati sunt. Éditions de l'Oiseau-Lyre, Monaco 1950
—, Anthologie de la chansons parisienne au XVIe. Éditions de l'Oiseau-Lyre; Monaco 1952 [5 chansons]
 Merritt Arthur Tillman (1902–1998), Édition monumantale des chansons polyphoniques de Clémant <mask> [6 v.; in collaboration with François Lesure]. 1971
 Motet Congregati sunt dans "Sixteenth-Century Motet" (14) 1995
 Norsen Rolf (ed.) Clement Janequin: The Sacred Works (online edition) at clement-janequin.com. escoute [1549; 1559]
Quand je voy ma mignonne [Merrit, V [191]
Quand ne te veoy [Merrit, VI, 223]
Quel Dieu du ciel [Merrit, V [174]
Quelque frapart [Merritt, III [114]
Quelqu'un me disoit l'aultre jour [Merrit, V, 201]
Qu'est ce d'amour (François I) [Merrit, II, 26]
Qu'est ce que fait celuy [Merrit, V [187]
Qui trouvera la femme vertueuse? de Baïf) [Merrit, VI, 238]
Voulez ouir les cris de Paris (Les cris de Paris) [Merritt, I [14]
Vouloir m'est pris de mettre [1559]

Media

References

 Mayer Brown, Howard and Richard Freedman: "Clément Janequin", Grove Music Online ed.L. Macy (Accessed July 2, 2005), (subscription access)

External links

Free scores at the Mutopia Project

1485 births
1558 deaths
French classical composers
French male classical composers
People from Châtellerault
Renaissance

masks:
Clement Janequin
Janequin
Clément
Janequin
Janequin


title: Laurence Bagley

texts:
<mask> (20 October 1922 – 22 October 1983) was an English artist. Best known for his marine and aviation paintings, he was also a writer and illustrator. Early life and career
His father, <mask> was a carpenter, builder and architect and his mother was Madeline Elizabeth Bennett. Between 1927 and 1933 he attended Lee-on-the-Solent County Primary School and went on to study at Gosport Grammar School until he was fourteen. Throughout his early years it is said he only ever wanted to be an artist. In 1938 his father found him an apprenticeship as a draftsman at Airspeed Ltd. The company had recently relocated from York to Portsmouth Airfield.He suffered ill health as a teenager and at the age of 18 contracted meningitis and was admitted to hospital. In April 1940 the Airspeed design team moved from Portsmouth to Hatfield as part of a streamlining following their takeover by de Havilland. It is thought that he moved north with the company to complete his apprenticeship. During his time as a draughtsman at Airspeed <mask> drew what has now become the definitive cutaway drawing of the Horsa troop carrying glider. He moved to Leighton Buzzard and worked at Eaton Bray as a staff artist at Aeromodeller magazine. During his time with the magazine (and its sister publications: Model Maker, Model Boats, Scale Models, Model Cars, Model Railway News) he produced almost one hundred cover paintings, designed and drew model aircraft plans, and contributed numerous line illustrations for the magazine. He continued to paint occasional cover pictures for the magazine in the 1960s and early 70s.It was in Aeromodeller's offices at Eaton Bray that he met Kathleen Grant (Judy), who was working there as a tracer. The office romance flourished and in June 1947 they were married in Aldershot. They moved back to southern England where they rented a flat in Old Portsmouth. In 1950 their daughter Lindsey was born, and in 1953 their son Russell. Going freelance
Through most of the 1950s <mask> worked at , a naval shore station in Portsmouth as a civilian Technical Illustrator. He worked in a small team producing artwork for educational and training films. The Admiralty pay rates were low in those austere times, so of necessity <mask> continued developing his freelance work in his spare time.His Holy Grail was to have a Flight magazine cover published. Time after time he sent paintings off on the train to London only to have them rejected until finally one was accepted. This was a tipping point in his career and more work began to come in from Flight and other publications. He also received commissions to provide artwork for railway posters for British Rail. In 1958 he finally left his secure position at Vernon to become a freelance artist. In 1953, as a commemoration of Queen Elizabeth's Coronation year, the government commissioned a number of artists, most of them famous, but also some upstarts, to paint pictures of the coronation. The then Ministry of Works commissioned three of <mask>'s: The Procession Passing the Cenotaph plus Police Assembling at Dawn, Whitehall and Decorations in Whitehall, Coronation, June 1953.All three paintings are still in public ownership, under the auspices of the Government Art Collection. To this day the first of these paintings hangs in the Foreign and Commonwealth Office in central London in an office overlooking Downing Street. Books
In the same year <mask>'s first book, How to Fly was published by Blackie and Son, followed by The Boy's Book of Aircraft in 1954. Both books were generously illustrated. A glowing review in Flight magazine of 1953 says: "... Mr. <mask> is up to date, knows his subject, writes in a breezy manner and—above all— has illustrated his book with his own excellent drawings in black and white and colour." In 1956 the growing <mask> family bought their first home, a newly built semi-detached house in Bedhampton. <mask> rented a small studio in Havant where he worked above Gardeners picture framing shop.They moved again in 1959 to a larger house in Lee-on-the-Solent where a spare bedroom was converted into a studio. His south facing upstairs room provided views over the Solent (until the late 70's when a block of flats was built behind the house). Commercial art
At about this time he struck up a working friendship with Colin Paine of Embassy Art Agency (previously Astral Arts.) Between 1957 and 1968 Colin secured work for him with various clients including a David Brown Tractors calendar (1957), the prestigious launch brochure of the  for P&O (1958), commercial artwork for Nuffield Tractors (BMC), brochures for Wolseley Cars and many others. He painted a number of pictures for "Good Companion" jigsaw puzzles and even a few "painting by numbers" commissions. Prints
In 1968 <mask> painted The Lone Sailor, a dramatic, stormy scene from Sir Alec Rose's famous solo circumnavigation. Alec Rose finished his journey in Portsmouth on 4 July 1968; fine art prints, cards and postcards were on sale widely, the same picture was used as the cover for Rose's book of his epic voyage: My Lively Lady.This was commercially his most successful and famous painting. The success of The Lone Sailor precipitated more commissions for prints including Harbour Twilight (1969), an atmospheric view from a Gosport boatyard across Portsmouth Harbour, and The Revenue Cutter (1970), a night scene of a Bristol Channel Pilot Cutter. Naval and military paintings
Throughout the 70's <mask> painted dozens of impressions of Vosper Thornycroft warships, hovercraft and weapon systems which were widely reproduced in the company's sales literature, and many of the originals graced the walls of Vosper's boardrooms. In 1972 <mask> painted a set of illustrations for Christopher Dawson's history of Vosper Thornycroft: A Quest for Speed at Sea. Westland Aircraft Limited of Yeovil also used Bagley artwork for promotional literature of their helicopters. Throughout the 60s and 70s he painted vivid and dramatic scenes of the military and civilian variants of their aircraft. In the early 60's when Westland began to develop the hovercraft at the Saunders-Roe site (later to become The British Hovercraft Corporation) at Cowes, Isle of Wight, he painted dozens of artists impressions of their proposed new designs.Sailing
<mask> maintained a working relationship with the staff at Yachting Monthly in particular with the then editor, Des Sleightholme. He produced a number of cover paintings for the magazine during the early 80s, along with some bundled giveaways which included posters and prints. Several of their articles were published with Bagley illustrations. He also produced the odd cover illustration for their rival publication, Practical Boat Owner during the same period. He had been a keen yachtsman for years, sailing mainly with an old friend who owned an 8-ton McGruer sloop. He spent many a sailing weekend away, sometimes crossing the channel to Cherbourg, or port hopping around the Solent. It was said that he was not an ideal crew, he was always grabbing his sketchbook.Eventually <mask> aspired to be the captain of his own ship, and in 1965 bought his own yacht, a 6-ton Hillyard "Fjord" which he kept on the River Hamble. Most weekends in the summer were spent sailing with his family around the Solent, usually ending up at the Folly Inn for dinner on Saturday night. Death
On 22 October 1983, two days after his 61st birthday, <mask> died. In a tribute published in the January 1984 issue of Yachting Monthly:

References

English illustrators
20th-century English painters
English male painters
1983 deaths
1922 births

masks:
Laurence Cyril Bagley
Cyril Lawrence Bagley
Bagley
Bagley
Bagley
Bagley
Bagley
Bagley
Bagley
Bagley
Bagley
Bagley
Bagley
Laurence Bagley
Bagley
Laurence Bagley


title: Robert Clary

texts:
<mask> (born <mask>; March 1, 1926) is a French-American actor, singer, author, artist, and lecturer. He is best known for his role in the television sitcom Hogan's Heroes as Corporal Louis LeBeau. Early life and Holocaust survival
Born in 1926 in Paris, France, <mask> was the youngest of 14 children. At the age of twelve, he began a career singing professionally on a French radio station and also studied art in Paris. In 1942, because he was Jewish, he was deported to the Nazi concentration camp at Ottmuth, in Upper Silesia (now Poland). He was tattooed with the identification "A5714" on his left forearm. He was later sent to Buchenwald concentration camp.At Buchenwald, he sang to an audience of SS soldiers every other Sunday, accompanied by an accordionist. He said, "Singing, entertaining, and being in kind of good health at my age, that's why I survived. I was very immature and young and not really fully realizing what situation I was involved with ... I don't know if I would have survived if I really knew that." Writing about his experience, <mask> said,
We were not even human beings. When we got to Buchenwald, the SS shoved us into a shower room to spend the night. I had heard the rumours about the dummy shower heads that were gas jets.I thought, 'This is it.' But no, it was just a place to sleep. The first eight days there, the Germans kept us without a crumb to eat. We were hanging on to life by pure guts, sleeping on top of each other, every morning waking up to find a new corpse next to you. ... The whole experience was a complete nightmare — the way they treated us, what we had to do to survive. We were less than animals.Sometimes I dream about those days. I wake up in a sweat terrified for fear I'm about to be sent away to a concentration camp, but I don't hold a grudge because that's a great waste of time. Yes, there's something dark in the human soul. For the most part, human beings are not very nice. That's why when you find those who are, you cherish them. <mask> was liberated from Buchenwald on April 11, 1945. Twelve other members of his immediate family were sent to Auschwitz concentration camp; <mask> was the only survivor.When he returned to Paris after World War II, he learned that three of his 13 siblings had not been taken away and had survived the Nazi occupation of France. Career

<mask> returned to the entertainment business and began singing songs that not only became popular in France, but in the United States as well. <mask> made his first recordings in 1948; they were brought to the United States on wire and were issued on disk by Capitol Records. He went to the U.S. in October 1949. One of <mask>'s first American appearances was a French-language comedy skit on The Ed Wynn Show in 1950. <mask> later met Merv Griffin and Eddie Cantor. This eventually led to <mask> meeting Cantor's daughter, Natalie Cantor Metzger, whom he married in 1965, after being "the closest of friends" for 15 years.Cantor later got <mask> a spot on The Colgate Comedy Hour. In the mid-1950s, <mask> appeared on NBC's early sitcom The Martha Raye Show and on CBS's drama anthology series Appointment with Adventure. <mask>'s comedic skills were quickly recognized by Broadway, where he appeared in several popular musicals, including New Faces of 1952, which was produced as a film in 1954. In 1952, he appeared in the film Thief of Damascus which also starred Paul Henreid and Lon Chaney, Jr. In 1958, he guest-starred on NBC's The Gisele MacKenzie Show. He also guest-starred on the colour revival of The Munsters, The Munsters Today, in 1989 as Louis Schecter, Lily's acting coach, in the episode "Green Eyed Munsters". LeBeau on Hogan's Heroes

In 1965, the diminutive 155 cm (5 ft 1 in) <mask> was offered the role of Corporal Louis LeBeau on a new television sitcom called Hogan's Heroes, and he accepted the role when the pilot sold.The series was set in a German prisoner of war (POW) camp during World War II, and <mask> played a French POW who was a member of an Allied sabotage unit operating from inside the camp. Asked about parallels between LeBeau's incarceration and his own, <mask> said, "Stalag 13 is not a concentration camp. It's a POW camp, and that's a world of difference. You never heard of a prisoner of war being gassed or hanged. When the show went on the air, people asked me if I had any qualms about doing a comedy series dealing with Nazis and concentration camps. I had to explain that it was about prisoners of war in a Stalag, not a concentration camp, and although I did not want to diminish what soldiers went through during their internments, it was like night and day from what people endured in concentration camps." <mask> became one of the last two surviving principal cast members of Hogan's Heroes, with Kenneth Washington (Sergeant Richard Baker, final season), when Cynthia Lynn (Helga, first season, 1965–1966) died on March 10, 2014.He is the last surviving original principal cast member. Later life and career
After Hogan's Heroes was cancelled in 1971, <mask> maintained close ties to fellow Hogan's Heroes cast members Werner Klemperer, John Banner, and Leon Askin, whose lives were also affected by the Holocaust. Following the show's cancellation, he appeared in a handful of feature films with World War II themes, including the made-for-television film Remembrance of Love, about the Holocaust. <mask> also appeared on the soap operas Days of Our Lives, The Young and the Restless, and The Bold and the Beautiful. <mask> appeared in the 1975 film The Hindenburg, which portrayed a fictional plot to blow up the German airship after it arrived at the Lakehurst Naval Air Station. He played Joseph Späh, a real-life passenger on the airship's final voyage. <mask> spent years touring Canada and the United States, speaking about the Holocaust.He is a painter, painting from photographs he takes on his travels. <mask> published a memoir, From the Holocaust to Hogan's Heroes: The Autobiography of <mask>, in 2001.

masks:
Robert Clary
Robert Max Widerman
Clary
Clary
Clary
Clary
Clary
Clary
Clary
Clary
Clary
Clary
Clary
Clary
Clary
Clary
Clary
Clary
Clary
Clary
Clary
Clary
Clary
Robert Clary


title: Toure' Murry

texts:
Toure<mask> (; born November 8, 1989) is an American professional basketball player for BC Ternopil of the Ukrainian Basketball SuperLeague. He played college basketball for Wichita State. College career
<mask> played college basketball at Wichita State University, leading the Shockers to the second round of the 2012 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament and winning the 2011 National Invitation Tournament. <mask> averaged 12.1 points, 4.8 rebounds and 3.3 assists per game during his senior season in 2011–12. Professional career

2012–13 season

After going undrafted in the 2012 NBA draft, <mask> joined the Los Angeles Lakers for the 2012 NBA Summer League. He spent August and September in Turkey and Israel before returning to the United States. On November 2, 2012, he was selected with the 15th overall pick by the Austin Toros in the 2012 NBA Development League Draft.Three days later, he was traded to the Rio Grande Valley Vipers. During his rookie season, he played 52 games in total for the Vipers, averaging 9.0 points, 2.8 rebounds, 3.0 assists and 1.8 steals per game. 2013–14 season
In July 2013, <mask> joined the Houston Rockets for the Orlando Summer League and the New York Knicks for the Las Vegas Summer League. On September 11, 2013, he signed with the Knicks. On January 29, 2014, he was assigned to the Erie BayHawks. He was recalled the next day. On January 31, 2014, he was reassigned to the BayHawks.He was recalled the next day. In 51 games for the Knicks in 2013–14, he averaged 2.7 points and 1.0 assists per game. 2014–15 season
On August 28, 2014, <mask> signed with the Utah Jazz. On November 13, 2014, he was assigned to the Idaho Stampede. He was recalled by the Jazz on December 2, reassigned on December 31, and recalled again on January 3. He went on to make his Jazz debut later that night. The next day, he was waived by the Jazz and on January 10, he was reacquired by the Rio Grande Valley Vipers.On February 7, 2015, <mask> recorded his first career triple-double after posting 10 points, 11 rebounds and 11 assists in a 109–107 win over the Texas Legends. On March 12, 2015, <mask> signed a 10-day contract with the Washington Wizards. He signed a second 10-day contract with the Wizards on March 22 but was released halfway through his contract on March 27, and returned to the Vipers three days later. He was subsequently deactivated by the Vipers and did not play for the team again in 2014–15. 2015–16 season
In July 2015, <mask> joined the Washington Wizards for the 2015 NBA Summer League, but was limited to just two total minutes of action due to a right groin injury. He later re-signed with the Wizards on September 25, 2015, only to be waived again by the team on October 24 after appearing in four preseason games. On October 31, 2015, <mask> was acquired by the Texas Legends in a trade with the Vipers.On November 13, he made his debut for the Legends in a 104–82 loss to the Austin Spurs, recording 10 points, five rebounds and seven assists in 39 minutes. On March 4, 2016, <mask> was traded to the Sioux Falls Skyforce in exchange for the returning player rights to Andre Dawkins. On March 11, he made his debut for the Skyforce in a 121–117 win over the Canton Charge, recording 12 points, three rebounds, four assists and one block in 24 minutes off the bench. He helped the Skyforce finish with a D-League-best 40–10 record in 2015–16, and went on to help the team win the league championship with a 2–1 Finals series win over the Los Angeles D-Fenders, his second D-League title. 2016–17 season
In July 2016, <mask> joined the Minnesota Timberwolves for the 2016 NBA Summer League. On September 26, 2016, he signed with the Timberwolves, but was waived on October 22 after appearing in three preseason games. On December 5, he signed with Yeşilgiresun Belediye of the Turkish Super League.On February 3, 2017, he parted ways with Yeşilgiresun. 2017–18 season
On July 24, 2017, <mask> signed with German club ratiopharm Ulm for the 2017–18 season. On January 10, 2018, he left Ulm and signed with Greek club Promitheas Patras. 2019–20 season
On July 18, 2019, <mask> joined Portuguese club Benfica of the Portuguese Basketball League. He averaged 10.6 points, 2.1 rebounds, and 2.8 assists per game. <mask> left the team in January 2020. 2020–21 season
On September 6, 2020, <mask> signed with BC Luleå of the Basketligan.2021–22 season
<mask> began the 2021-22 season with Al Qadsia of the Kuwaiti Division I Basketball League. On January 5, 2021, <mask> signed with BC Ternopil of the Ukrainian Basketball SuperLeague. players
Ratiopharm Ulm players
Rio Grande Valley Vipers players
Shooting guards
Sioux Falls Skyforce players
S.L. Benfica basketball players
Texas Legends players
Undrafted National Basketball Association players
Utah Jazz players
Washington Wizards players
Wichita State Shockers men's basketball players
Yeşilgiresun Belediye players

masks:
' Ahmad Khalid Murry
Murry
Murry
Murry
Murry
Murry
Murry
Murry
Murry
Murry
Murry
Murry
Murry
Murry
Murry
Murry
Murry
Murry


title: Peter Kocan

texts:
<mask> (born <mask>, 4 May 1947) is an Australian author and poet, best known for his attempted assassination of Opposition Leader Arthur Calwell on 21 June 1966. He fired a shot at point-blank range through a car window, but Calwell escaped with only minor facial injuries from broken glass. <mask>, 19 years old at the time, was sentenced to life imprisonment. He was transferred to the Morisset Mental Hospital and released in 1976. He began writing in prison and has published several volumes. Early life
<mask> was born <mask> on 4 May 1947 in Newcastle, New South Wales. His father, an engineer, was killed in a car accident three months before his birth.When he was five years old, his mother married Ludowit <mask> and the family moved to Melbourne. The marriage did not last and they moved on to Sydney, but <mask> retained his step-father's surname. His mother later stated that his step-father had rejected him and that he had "never known the affection of a father". <mask> left school at the age of 14, and according to his mother gave up sport and spent most of his time reading. During his teenage years he worked as a labourer and station-hand in the country, before later returning to Sydney. He reportedly wrote a letter to the headquarters of the Australian National Socialist Party in which he stated that he "admired Hitler because he had killed himself at the right time". According to Sydney Rowe, a psychiatrist who examined him, Kocan became fixated on death and suicide, and had fantasies about imitating Lee Harvey Oswald.When asked about his motive, <mask> told police "I had to do something to set me aside from all the other nobodies". Assassination attempt on Calwell

On the evening of 21 June 1966, while campaigning for the 1966 federal election, Arthur Calwell addressed an anti-conscription rally at Mosman Town Hall in Sydney. After Calwell left the meeting, just as his car was about to drive off, <mask> approached the passenger side of the vehicle, aimed a sawn-off rifle at Calwell's head and fired at point-blank range. The closed window deflected the bullet, which lodged harmlessly in Calwell's coat lapel. Calwell sustained only minor facial injuries from broken glass. <mask> was tried and found guilty of attempted murder. He was sentenced to life imprisonment and was detained first at Long Bay jail in Sydney.In late December 1966, <mask> was transferred to Ward 21 for the Criminally Insane in Morisset Mental Hospital, at Morisset, south of Newcastle. Calwell visited <mask> there, and forgave him for the incident. Writing career
During his years in prison and hospital, <mask> immersed himself in history, literature and poetry after a chance remark by another inmate led him to discover the writing of Rupert Brooke. Between 1967 and 1969, the poet Michael Dransfield corresponded and exchanged poems with <mask>. These letters, which comprise drafts of poems by Dransfield, quotes of poems by other poets, and recommendations for books <mask> should read, are now held in the collection of the Academy Library of the University of New South Wales. <mask> began to write poetry in 1967. Two selected works of poetry, Ceremonies for the Lost (1974) and The Other Side of the Fence (1975), were published while he was at Morisset.He was released on licence from Morisset in August 1976, and began to write about his experiences. Two autobiographical novellas, The Treatment (1980) and The Cure (1983), told of his life in the asylum. The Cure won the 1983 NSW Premier's Literary Award for Fiction. His other works include the poetry volumes Freedom to Breathe (1985), Standing with Friends (1992) and Fighting in the Shade (2000), the joint collection Primary Loyalties (1999), and the science-fiction novel Flies of a Summer (1988). The novel Fresh Fields (2004), is a fictionalised account of his youth. His most recent novel, The Fable of All Our Lives (2010), is based on his life after his release from Morisset. <mask> lived for many years at Tuggerawong on the Central Coast of New South Wales, teaching and writing one act plays, poetry and fiction.He acted in twenty plays, and directed four for the Wyong Drama Group from 1981 to 2002. He gained public recognition for his work, receiving regular support from the Literary Board of the Australia Council, and has won various literary prizes. He graduated from the University of Newcastle in 1998 with a Bachelor of Arts (Honours), and obtained a master's degree. He moved to Brisbane in 2003. Awards and nominations
 1977: Commonwealth Institute of London Prize for The Other Side of the Fence (poetry collection)
 1982: Mattara Poetry Prize for From the private poems of Governor Caulfield
 1983: New South Wales Premier's Literary Awards, Christina Stead Prize for fiction for The Cure
 2005: New South Wales Premier's Literary Awards, shortlisted for Christina Stead Prize for fiction Fresh Fields (semi-autobiographical novel)
 2005: Queensland Premier's Literary Awards, shortlisted for Best Fiction Prize for Fresh Fields
 2010: Australia Council Writer's Emeritus Award

Bibliography

Poetry

Collections
Ceremonies for the Lost (1974)
The Other Side of the Fence (1975)
Freedom to Breathe (1985)
Standing with Friends (1992)
Primary Loyalties (1999)
Fighting in the Shade (2000)

List of poems

Fiction
The Treatment (1980)
The Cure (1983)
Flies of a Summer (1988)
Fresh Fields (2004)
The Fable of All Our Lives (2010)

One Act Plays

The Card Players (1981)
Who Do You Think You Are? (1981)
The Walking Stick of the Desert (1981)
Home Fires Burning (1983)
The Plot Sickens (1986)
Lady Chatterly's Bunyip (1988)
The Mummy's Comb (1993)
Sold to the Gypsies (1995)

(all unpublished, dates given are the dates of their first live performance)

Acting C.V.

<mask> has appeared in twenty plays, all with the Wyong Drama Group.

masks:
Peter Raymond Kocan
Peter Raymond Douglas
Kocan
Kocan
Peter Raymond Douglas
Kocan
Peter
Kocan
Kocan
Kocan
Kocan
Kocan
Kocan
Kocan
Kocan
Kocan
Kocan
Kocan
Peter Kocan