title: Margaret Starbird

texts:
<mask> (born June 18, 1942) is the author of seven books arguing for the existence of a secret Christian tradition that held Jesus was married to Mary Magdalene, calling it the "Grail heresy", after having set out to discredit the bloodline hypothesis contained in The Holy Blood and the Holy Grail. Career
<mask> holds Bachelor of Arts (1963) and Master of Arts (1966) degrees from the University of Maryland, College Park, where she majored in medieval studies, comparative literature and German language. During her graduate studies, <mask> taught German courses at the University of Maryland. Then from 1969 to 1970, <mask> taught foreign language courses at North Carolina State University. From 1988 to 1989, <mask> took classes at Vanderbilt Divinity School, later teaching religious education and Scripture in Catholic parishes. <mask> was a basic skills instructor at Central Texas College's extension program at the Fort Lewis military base in Tacoma, Washington from 1992 to 2004. Works and beliefs
In her 1993 book The Woman with the Alabaster Jar: Mary Magdalen and the Holy Grail, <mask> developed the hypothesis that Saint Sarah was the daughter of Jesus and Mary Magdalen and that this was the source of the legend associated with the cult at Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer.She also claimed that the name "Sarah" meant "Princess" in Hebrew, thus making her the forgotten child of the "sang réal", the blood royal of the King of the Jews. Her works contain many references to ancient alphanumeric codes known as Hebrew Gematria and Greek Isopsephy. She also exposes secrets encoded in classical art. <mask> believes that the patriarchal Roman Catholic church suppressed the veneration and devotion of the sacred feminine, leading to an unbalanced spirituality in mainstream Christianity. <mask> has outlined her conviction that "Christianity at its inception included the celebration of the Hieros gamos ("holy wedding") of opposites, a model incarnate in the archetypal bridegroom and his bride – Jesus the Christ and the woman called "the Magdalen". This model of unity, tragically lost in the cradle of Christianity, is patterned on the fundamental blueprint for life on our planet, and manifested in the leadership role played by certain women in the community of Jesus' first followers." <mask> claims this sacred partnership was the same as that which existed in other regions of the Near East that predated Christianity, comparable to the cults of Inanna and Dummuzi, Ishtar and Tammuz – being part of a fertility cult that brought well being to its people.This marriage honored "the cosmic dance of masculine and feminine energies and the eternal cycles manifested by the Life Force", with Mary Magdalene designated the "Queen of Heaven". <mask> does not believe that Mary Magdalen originated from the town of Magdala, saying it was originally named Taricheae in biblical times before its destruction in AD 67, and when rebuilt after the death of Mary Magdalen was renamed "Magdala". Personal life
Born <mask> in West Point, New York, <mask> married Army Colonel <mask> in 1968. They had five children, including computer scientist and former professional basketball player <mask>. <mask>'s father was Army Major General Charles Leonard, who won a Silver Medal in the modern pentathlon at the 1936 Olympic Games held in Berlin, Germany. Criticism

Although <mask>'s works have very little mention of a continuing sacred bloodline of descendants of Jesus and Mary Magdalen which is also a significant portion of the premises behind such books as The Holy Blood and the Holy Grail, she did state in The Woman With the Alabaster Jar that "there is evidence to suggest that the royal bloodline of Jesus and Mary Magdalen eventually flowed in the veins of the Merovingian monarchs of France", and mistakenly claimed that the fleur-de-lys was the royal emblem of Clovis I (c. 466-511) and the "heraldic emblem of the Merovingian bloodline" – the symbol was a "Capetian innovation, first employed by Robert II of France before the science of heraldry even existed." An anonymous twelfth century poem about the Battle of Tolbiac (c.496) first claimed that Clovis replaced his toad-covered buckler with the fleur-de-lys.Starbird's theories have been criticized for being based on medieval lore and art, rather than on historical treatment of the Bible. Both Darrell Bock and Bart D. Ehrman have claimed that "There is no reference to Jesus' marriage or a wife in the Four Gospels" and, "There is no reference to Jesus' marriage or a wife in any other early Christian writing". <mask>'s interpretation of the Gnostic Gospels as suggesting an amorous relationship between Jesus and Mary Magdalen is not widely accepted amongst Biblical scholars or skeptics. The (non-canonical) Gospel of Philip states that Mary Magdalen was Jesus' "companion", that Jesus "loved her more than all his disciples", and that he "often kissed her on her [...]". The paragraph concerned describes Mary Magdalene as "barren" and being "the mother of the angels"; one scholar observed that the Gospel of Philip goes so far as to say "that marital relations defile a woman.". Likewise, <mask> has claimed that the medieval Cathars believed Jesus was married to Mary Magdelen, through an interpretation of the Major Arcana of the Tarot, but this is also disputed. Even if one were to acknowledge <mask>'s interpretation of these, critics of The Da Vinci Code such as Robert M. Price have countered that no institutional continuity exists between 2nd century Gnostics and medieval Cathars, nor between the Cathars and the Knights Templar as works such as The Holy Blood and the Holy Grail have suggested.Works
The Woman with the Alabaster Jar: Mary Magdalen and the Holy Grail (Bear & Co, 1993). The Goddess in the Gospels: Reclaiming the Sacred Feminine (Bear & Co, 1998). The Tarot Trumps and the Holy Grail: Great Secrets of the Middle Ages (Bear & Co, 2000). Magdalene’s Lost Legacy: Symbolic Numbers and the Sacred Union in Christianity (Bear & Co, 2003). The Feminine Face of Christianity (Godsfield Press Ltd., UK, 2003). Mary Magdalene, Bride in Exile (Bear & Co, 2005). Co-authored with Joan Norton
 14 Steps to Awaken the Sacred Feminine: Women in the Circle of Mary Magdalene (Bear & Co, 2009).Documentary About
 <mask>'s work is the main subject in the National Geographic TV series "Ancient X Files"  in Season 2, Episode 10 "The Mystery of Mary Magdelene" originally broadcast 3 July 2012 on the National Geographic Channel in the UK. In popular culture
<mask>'s works along with those of Lynn Picknett, Michael Baigent, Henry Lincoln, and others were highly influential upon Dan Brown's bestselling novel, The Da Vinci Code and are directly mentioned in that work. See also
Jesus bloodline
The Holy Blood and the Holy Grail

References

External links

1942 births
Living people
American women writers
Pseudohistorians
North Carolina State University alumni
People from West Point, New York
People from Steilacoom, Washington
University of Maryland, College Park alumni
University of Maryland, College Park faculty
People from Tacoma, Washington
21st-century American women

masks:
Margaret Leonard Starbird
Starbird
Starbird
Starbird
Starbird
Starbird
Margaret Starbird
Starbird
Margaret Starbird
Starbird
Starbird
Margaret Leonard
Starbird
Edward Starbird
Kate Starbird
Margaret Starbird
Starbird
Starbird
Starbird
Starbird
Margaret Starbird
Starbird


title: Bob Johnson (ice hockey, born 1931)

type: original

texts:
Robert Norman "Badger <mask>" <mask> (March 4, 1931 – November 26, 1991) was an American college, international, and professional ice hockey coach. He coached the Wisconsin Badgers men's ice hockey team from 1966 to 1982, where he led the Badgers to seven appearances at the NCAA Men's Ice Hockey Championships, including three titles. During his time as the head coach at Wisconsin, <mask> also coached the United States men's national ice hockey team at the 1976 Winter Olympics and seven other major championships, including the Canada Cup and IIHF World Championships. He then coached the Calgary Flames for five seasons that included a Stanley Cup Finals loss in 1986. <mask> achieved the peak of his professional coaching career in his only season as coach of the Pittsburgh Penguins in 1990–91, when the Penguins won the 1991 Stanley Cup Finals, becoming the second American-born coach to win it and the first in 53 years. In August 1991, following hospitalization due to a brain aneurysm, <mask> was diagnosed with brain cancer. He died on November 26 of the same year.<mask> was well known amongst players and fans for his enthusiasm and unflappable optimism, immortalized through his famous catchphrase "It's a great day for hockey!" . Youth and amateur coaching career

<mask> was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota. He attended Minneapolis Central High School and the University of Minnesota, where he played hockey under legendary coach John Mariucci. After serving as a medic during the Korean War, <mask> began his coaching career. In 1956, he and Ken Johannson were hired by Warroad High School as teachers and coaches of the boy's hockey team. They had previously been roommates at the University of North Dakota, and neither knew the other was hired to run the team. He later coached hockey at Roosevelt High School in Minneapolis.He would teach his history class using a hockey stick as a pointer to the chalkboard. <mask> became the head hockey coach at Colorado College in 1963. In 1966, <mask> moved to the University of Wisconsin–Madison, where he was head coach until 1982. He led the Badgers to seven NCAA tournaments, winning three championships in 1973, 1977, and 1981. It was at Wisconsin where <mask> earned the nickname, "Badger <mask>." <mask> also coached the 1976 Winter Olympic hockey team, the 1981, 1984, and 1987 U.S. teams in the Canada Cup tournament, and the 1973, 1974, 1975, and 1981 U.S. national teams. NHL coaching career
In 1982, <mask> began his National Hockey League career when he became the head coach of the Calgary Flames, a position he held for five seasons.In the 1985–86 season, he coached the Flames to the Stanley Cup Finals, where they lost 4 games to 1 to the Montreal Canadiens. From 1987 until 1990, he served as the President of USA Hockey. Then in 1990, he was named the head coach of the Pittsburgh Penguins. In his first season, he coached the team, which was led by superstar Mario Lemieux, to a 1991 Stanley Cup Finals championship victory over the Minnesota North Stars, four games to two. That would be his only season coaching the Penguins. Brain cancer and death
In August 1991, as he was preparing the U.S. team for the upcoming Canada Cup tournament, <mask> suffered a brain aneurysm and was hospitalized, where he was diagnosed with brain cancer. He was then flown on a private plane to Colorado with Dr. Dan Thompson of Mercy Hospital in Pittsburgh.He began treatment and turned the day-to-day supervision of the Penguins over to his three assistant coaches and Scotty Bowman, the team's director of player development and recruitment, who was named interim head coach. Though the team was "coached by committee", <mask> continued to oversee them from his hospital room by way of videotape and remained in contact by fax machine. On November 26, 1991, <mask> died of brain cancer in Colorado Springs, Colorado. After his death, his catchphrase was emblazoned on a banner hanging over the ice at the University of Wisconsin–Madison and was painted at the bluelines on the ice in Pittsburgh's Civic Arena. In memoriam, it remained on the ice there for the remainder of the season. In addition, Penguins players would wear a patch on the left sleeve of their jerseys with the word "BADGER" under his birth and death years. Pittsburgh also put his name on the Stanley Cup a second time after their second straight Cup victory in ."He's such a tremendous person...We would like to win it again for him," said Mark Recchi, a member of the team in 1991. At the team's 1992 victory celebration at Three Rivers Stadium in Pittsburgh, Bowman's first remark was that "the coach of the Pittsburgh Penguins will always be – <mask>". The team used "A Great Day For Hockey" as their marketing slogan for the 2008–09 season. On June 12, 2009, exactly 19 years to the day of <mask>'s hiring, the Pittsburgh Penguins won their third Stanley Cup. Furthermore, the Penguins won their fourth Stanley Cup, 26 years to the day that <mask> was hired, on June 12, 2016. "A Great Day For Hockey" now adorns the entrance of the PPG Paints Arena, the current home arena of the Penguins. At the time of his death <mask>'s 234 NHL victories were a record for an American born coach.Dan Bylsma, John Tortorella, Peter Laviolette and  Mike Sullivan have since eclipsed this mark. Head coaching record

College

NHL

Honors

<mask> was inducted into the Wisconsin Hockey Hall of Fame in 1987, United States Hockey Hall of Fame in 1991, and the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1992. He was elected to the Wisconsin Athletic Hall of Fame in 1993. On November 2, 2012, the Wisconsin Badgers Men's Hockey team dedicated their home ice rink to <mask>, dubbing it "<mask> Rink". Personal life

<mask> is also the father of 1980 Olympic hockey gold medalist and current Wisconsin women's hockey coach <mask> and former Wisconsin assistant coach and Toronto Maple Leafs scout <mask>. He is the grandfather of former Wisconsin hockey player <mask>, former Denver Pioneer hockey player Scott McConnell, Augsburg College men's assistant hockey coach <mask>, and women's hockey player <mask>. See also
 List of members of the United States Hockey Hall of Fame
 List of members of the Hockey Hall of Fame
 List of notable brain tumor patients
 Notable families in the NHL

References

External links

Pittsburgh media coverage of tributes for <mask>

1931 births
1991 deaths
American ice hockey coaches
American men's ice hockey forwards
Calgary Flames coaches
Colorado College Tigers men's ice hockey coaches
Deaths from brain tumor
Deaths from cancer in Colorado
Hockey Hall of Fame inductees
Ice hockey players from Minneapolis
Ice hockey coaches from Minnesota
Lester Patrick Trophy recipients
Minnesota Golden Gophers men's ice hockey players
Neurological disease deaths in Colorado
Pittsburgh Penguins coaches
Stanley Cup champions
Stanley Cup championship-winning head coaches
United States Hockey Hall of Fame inductees
USA Hockey
Warroad Lakers players
Wisconsin Badgers men's ice hockey coaches
Sports coaches from Minneapolis

masks:
Bob
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Bob
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Bob Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Bob Johnson
Johnson
Mark Johnson
Peter Johnson
Patrick Johnson
Chris Johnson
Megan Johnson
Johnson


title: Abdullah Khan II

texts:
<mask> (<mask>g) (1533/4–1598), known as "The old <mask>id Khan of Bukhara from 1583 until his death. <mask> initiated a war with Iran which lasted from 1587 to 1598. He was able to focus on this thanks to a non-aggression pact with the Mughal emperor, Akbar, through which <mask> recognized Akbar's right to rule in the territory of Kabul. During the reign of <mask>, Bukhara was also diplomatically hostile to the khan of Yarkand, <mask>. Biography
<mask> was born in 1533 or 1534, in the town of Afarinkent, Samarkand Province. The ascent to the throne

After the death of Abdulaziz Shaybanid was a struggle for the throne.<mask>, who ruled Samarkand, sought to rule Bukhara through his two grandchildren: Shaibani <mask>r Muhammad Sultan and Burhan-Sultan. However, after the death of Abdullatif <mask> in 1551, Barak <mask>, who ruled Tashkent,  took Samarkand and established himself as ruler there under the name of Newroz <mask>. He was declared the supreme khan of the Uzbeks. Shaybanidov <mask>, who was then governor of Kermine, led the resistance against Newroz <mask>. He was assisted by his uncle, the governor of Balkh, Pir <mask>. In 1556 Newroz Ahmad died. With his death, Pir <mask> was proclaimed the supreme ruler of the Uzbeks.The struggle for the unification of the state

In 1557, <mask> captured Bukhara with the support of Sufi sheikhs and became its ruler. In 1561, he was bold enough to proclaim his father Iskander as supreme khan of the Uzbeks. He had previously ruled Kermine and Miankal. <mask>'s father was more interested in religious rites, so he entrusted the conduct of state affairs to his son <mask>. <mask> set out to combine all four of the Shaybanids: Bukhara, Samarkand, Tashkent and Balkh in one single state. This took many years and it was only in 1582 that he was able to create a single state out of the four Shaybanids. To achieve unification, he had to fight a long war to take possession of Tashkent.He then took control of Fergana and in 1573 after a long siege took Balkh. In 1574, he attacked Karshi, Karshi and Hisar, adding to his possessions. In 1576, he fought off Samarkand and took Tashkent. In the service of the vassal <mask> were some Kazakh sultans: Sheehan and his son Tauekel. In 1582, <mask> made a trip to Dasht-i-Kipchak, Bobo <mask> killed and captured his fortress Shohruhiya Sairam and Ahangeran. In 1583, his son Abd al-Mumin captured and plundered Mashhad. In the same 1583, after the death of his father, <mask> was declared the Uzbeks and his state was called Bukhara khanate.<mask>'s monetary reform

<mask> II, in several stages, held a monetary reform. To redress the lack of silver metal and silver coins he is still with his father organized a regular production of gold coins and controlled their stamp in Bukhara, paying particular attention to maintaining a high standard. The reform of <mask> was primarily aimed at changing the course of silver coins in accordance with the rise in prices of silver. At a time when the formal head of the dynasty was still Iskandar <mask> (1560-1583), minted silver coins remained decentralized. However, with the name of Iskandar bind silver thong issued in Bukhara, Samarkand, Balkh, Tashkent, Andijan, and Ahsi Yasse (Turkestan). In 1583, <mask> made another monetary reform. The reform was centered around the capital, Bukhara (which minted silver thong).For everyday urban trade of consumer goods, <mask> forged copper coins that minted several advantages. The monetary reform <mask> II initiated was successful, it eliminated the monetary crisis and suspended mass leakage outside the state. This reform was part of domestic politics, <mask> II, aimed to create the most favorable conditions for all types of trade: transit and intercity. Expanding the boundaries of the state

Combining the Shaybanid state had opened up new opportunities to expand its territorial boundaries. In 1584, <mask> seized Badakhshan. In 1588 he seized Khorasan. In the later period of his reign <mask> waged war for the conquest of Khorezm.In 1593-1594 the country was finally conquered by the troops without a fight. <mask> came to Khiva and their sultans were caught and executed. Soon soured relations with the Kazakh khans, who learned about the uprising against Abdulmumin. In 1598 <mask> made a trip to Tashkent. <mask>, who was forced to go to war with his own son Abdulmumin, prepared a new army, but died before the collision with the Kazakh Chinggisid. The Kazakhs would take advantage of the situation and take Turkestan, Tashkent, Samarkand and Andijan. However, they were unable to take Bukhara.Foreign policy

During the reign of <mask> the khanate maintained close diplomatic relations with the Mughal Empire And Ottoman Empire and the Tsardom of Russia. In a letter dated 1577 Akbar informed <mask> Uzbek about his intention to expel the Portuguese from India. Russian ties with Bukhara soured in the early 1580s due to their support for the Siberian Khan Kuchum. Tribal composition of troops

<mask>'s army consisted of a detachment of soldiers from various Uzbek tribes: Shirins, Utarchs, Bishyuzs, Jalairs, Keralas, Katagans, Tan-Yaruks, Alchins, Hitays, Bahrin, Naimans, Manghud, Kushchis, Arguns, Mings, Karluks, Kungrats, Tubais (tuvas), etc. Cultural policies

<mask> was not only a talented warrior, but also an outstanding statesman. He cared about strengthening Bukhara's trade ties abroad (especially with Russia and India) and paid great attention to the construction of monumental buildings - madrassahs and khanqahs, shopping malls and caravanserais, reservoirs and bridges. During the reign of <mask> <mask> (1557-1598) the architectural ensemble of the Kosh-Madrasah was erected in Bukhara.It consists of two opposing madrassas. First - madrassas Modari <mask>, built around 1567 in honor of his mother, <mask>, the second is the name of <mask> and was built between 1588 and 1590. <mask> was also a patron of education and a philanthropist. He surrounded himself with scholars, writers and chroniclers. Court poets and historians have praised him. Among the poets first place belonged Mushfiki - author laudatory odes, lyric poems and epigrams, he was also an able diplomat. On behalf of <mask> Mushfiki was grandiloquent labels for buildings.Court historian Hafiz Tanysh was a rich chronicle of facts "Abdullah-name". Literature continued to develop in Persian, Turkish and part in Arabic. According to the observation of Academician VV Bartold "historical literature when Uzbeks in quality and quantity was even higher than in the previous century." <mask> II himself wrote poems and left his legacy under the pseudonym "'Avaz Gazi". Death

After the death of <mask> in 1598 the throne passed to his son Abd al-Mumin, but was soon killed by the rebels. With the death of Abd al-Mumin the Shaybanid dynasty ended. <mask> was buried at the mausoleum of Bahauddin Naqshbandi near Bukhara.See also
Emirate of Bukhara
Russian Turkestan
Turkestan

References

Khanate of Bukhara
Ethnic Uzbek people
1533 births
1598 deaths
Khans

masks:
Abdullah Khan
Abdollah Khan Ozbe
Khanban
Abdullah Khan
Abdullah Khan
Abdullah Khan
Abdul Karim Khan
Abdullah Khan
Khan Abdullatif
Khan Ya
Khan
Khan
Ahmed Khan
Abdullah Sultan
Ahmed Khan
Muhammad Khan
Muhammad Khan
Abdullah Sultan
Abdullah
Abdullah Sultan
Abdullah
Abdullah Khan
Abdullah Khan
Khan
Abdullah Khan
Abdullah Khan
Abdullah Khan
Abdullah Khan
Khan
Abdullah Khan
Abdullah Khan
Abdullah Khan
Abdullah Khan
Abdullah Khan
Abdullah
Abdullah
Abdullah Khan
Abdullah Khan
Abdullah Khan
Abdullah Khan
Abdullah Khan
Abdullah Khan
Abdullah Khan
II
Khan
Abdullah Khan
Abdullah Khan
Abdullah Khan
Abdullah Khan
Abdullah Khan
Abdullah
Abdullah Khan


title: Margaret Maher

texts:
<mask> (February 25, 1841 – May 3, 1924) was an Irish-American long-term domestic worker in the household of American poet Emily Dickinson. Early life in Ireland
<mask> was born on February 25, 1841, in Killusty, a townland in a region of County Tipperary, Ireland, known as the Golden Vale of the River Suir. <mask>'s father, <mask> ( – 1868), was a tenant farmer who married Mary Dunn (1798–1866), the daughter of Patrick Dunn and <mask>. Between 1826 and 1848 <mask>'s mother gave birth to nine children of whom four survived to adulthood: Mary (1828–1910), <mask> (1841–1924), Michael (1843–1880), and Thomas (1848–1913). Michael, <mask>'s father, appears to have struggled financially before The Great Famine, moving his family from townland to townland – babies were born in Boolagh, Killavally, and Cappadrummin – on the slopes of Slievenamon or Sliabh na mBan: the Mountain of the Women. By 1850, <mask> was doing well enough, post-famine, to be able to lease  in Kiltinan from Robert Cooke, Esq. and sublease a house to someone else.Improved circumstances enabled <mask>'s family to financed their emigration to America and/or they were was given a monetary incentive when, in 1854, landlord Robert Cooke, Esq. rationalized his holdings. <mask> and her two brothers, Michael and Thomas, received rudimentary educations (Mary, the eldest, remained illiterate). <mask> spent sufficient time in a classroom to allow her to later exchange letters with her two primary American employers, the Boltwood and Dickinson families. Arrival in America
Soon after the <mask> family emigrated to Amherst, Massachusetts, <mask>'s sister, Mary, married Thomas Kelley (1832–1920), another south Tipperary immigrant on December 1, 1855. In scripting her own funeral, Emily Dickinson chose Tom for the role of her chief pallbearer (she selected five other Irish Catholic laborers as bearers: Dennis Cashman, Tom or Dan Moynihan, Dennis Scannell or Scanlon, Stephen Sullivan, and Pat Ward). <mask>'s brother-in-law Tom Kelley, a laborer, bought property from Emily Dickinson's father, Edward, in October 1864, that Tom had been leasing for his young family and Maher in-laws.This property included land with a dwelling house adjacent to the Dickinson Meadow and railroad depot off of Main Street in Amherst, about a quarter-mile from the Dickinson Homestead. Although she slept under her employers' roofs, <mask> called this home. This Amherst property, known as "Kelley Square," eventually expanded to include a barn, three houses, and sheds, with gardens and fruit trees. The <mask> siblings and their brother-in-law Tom Kelley expanded this multigenerational family compound through their combined wages, real estate investments, and boarding house business. <mask>'s brothers sent funds from California and Nevada where they worked as miners and cattle ranchers. <mask>'s brother-in-law, Tom Kelley, worked as a laborer, railroad track walker, and later night watchman for Amherst College. Tom's association with and employment by Edward Dickinson, Amherst College treasurer, may have first brought <mask> to the attention of the Dickinson family.Meeting with Emily Dickinson
By her mid to late teens <mask> was employed as a maid-of-all-work by Fanny and Lucius Boltwood, peers of Emily Dickinson's parents. When their oldest son, Lucius Manlius Boltwood married Clarinda Boardman Williams in 1860 and they were expecting their first child, in 1861, <mask> appears to have been reassigned to care for that family. <mask> moved with the "Junior Boltwoods," from Amherst to Washington, DC to Hartford, Connecticut, as Lucius Manlius Boltwood built his career as a librarian and genealogist. <mask> left Hartford, Connecticut, where she was working for the Junior Boltwoods, in spring 1868 to help care for her terminally ill and recently widowed father in Amherst. <mask>'s father died on June 8. Five days later, on June 13, her brother-in-law, Tom Kelley, had a near fatal fall on the job. Uncertain that he would survive, <mask> and her sister, by then a mother of seven children, nursed Tom around the clock and he eventually lost his arm.Later that summer, when it was clear that Tom Kelley was out of danger, 27-year-old <mask> and her brother, <mask>, make plans to leave for California to join their brother, Michael, in the gold fields of California. <mask> set sail for California, by way of Panama, on October 5, 1868. Beset by illness, <mask> remained in Amherst to be nursed by her sister Mary Kelley. When she was strong enough, <mask> took on a series of temporary jobs in Amherst. While working for a Mrs. Talcott, mother of three school-age children, Emily Dickinson's father, Edward, went to the Talcott house to ask <mask> when she would be free to work for his family. The Dickinson posting, expected to be another temporary assignment, turned into a 30-year job. Aspects of the relationship
<mask> arrived by March 1869 to work in the Dickinson household.She was initially uncomfortable in that household and, weeks into the job, wrote "I am as strange here as if I came here [to] work yester[day]." <mask> still intended to move to California, and the Dickinson family responded by working hard to keep her. They liked the butter <mask> made – it was "the best the[y] ever had" – and they liked her. Emily described <mask> as "courageous", "warm and wild and mighty", and "good and noisy, the North Wind of the Family." <mask> shared the kitchen with Emily Dickinson – who often baked and wrote there – for the last 17 years of the poet's life. Emily Dickinson stored her finished poems in her maid's trunk. The poet apparently instructed <mask> to burn these poems after her death but <mask> later refused.It was <mask> "whom Emily Dickinson judged capable of the disobedience necessary to bring her work to the world. <mask> did not disappoint. Her act of insubordination worked the miracle for which posterity is in debt, turning the private genius of her mistress's poetry into a universal legacy." The daguerreotype of Emily Dickinson, disliked and discarded by her family, was saved by <mask>. She made it available to Roberts Brothers publishers for the first book of her poems which appeared in November 1890. Later life
<mask>, at 58 years old, is believed to have moved back to Kelley Square upon the 1899 death of her remaining Dickinson employer, Lavinia, Emily's younger sister. <mask>'s sister and brother-in-law, Mary and Tom Kelley, predeceased her in 1910 and 1920 respectively.Tom's will made provisions for <mask> to live out her life in her own apartment at Kelley Square. She was cared for in her old age by her niece Ellen "Nell" Kelley. <mask> died at home on May 3, 1924, and is buried beside her parents and brother, Thomas, in St. Mary's Cemetery, Northampton, Massachusetts. See also
 Emily Dickinson
 Domestic worker
 Maid

References

Further reading
Grennan, Eamon. "'Identity to Seek'": The Selves of Emily Dickinson," Green Mountains Review, 19:1, Spring/Summer 2006: 14–34
Kirk, Connie. "'I will sone be home': <mask>, Emily Dickinson, and an Irish Trunk Full of Poems." In Editors David Valone and Christine Kinealy, Ireland's Great Hunger: Silence, Memory, And Commemoration.Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 2002: 257–268. Lebow, Lori. "Emily Dickinson: 'she don't go nowhere', or a nineteenth-century recluse's guide to cross-culturalism," Women's Writing. 8:3, 2001: 441–456
<mask>, <mask>. Letters, Boltwood Family Papers: Burton Historical Collection, Detroit Free Public Library, Michigan. Murray, Aífe. "Architecture of the Unseen," Companion to Emily Dickinson, Mary Loeffelholz & Martha Nell Smith, Blackwell Publishing, 2008: 11–36.Murray, Aífe. "Miss Margaret's Emily Dickinson," Signs: Journal of Women in Culture & Society, 24:3, Spring 1999: 697–732
Murray, Aífe. "Kitchen Table Poetics: Maid <mask> and Her Poet Emily Dickinson," The Emily Dickinson Journal, 5:2, Fall 1996: 285–296

External links
 Emily Dickinson Museum
 Emily Dickinson International Society
 Dickinson Electronic Archive
 Maid as Muse

1841 births
1924 deaths
American domestic workers
People from County Tipperary
Irish emigrants to the United States

masks:
Margaret Maher
Margaret
Margaret
Michael Maher
Margaret Lahea
Margaret
Margaret
Margaret
Michael Maher
Margaret
Margaret
Margaret
Maher
Margaret
Margaret
Margaret
Maher
Margaret
Margaret
Margaret Maher
Margaret
Margaret
Margaret
Margaret
Margaret
Margaret
Margaret
Thomas Maher
Thomas Maher
Margaret
Margaret
Margaret
Margaret
Margaret
Margaret
Margaret
Margaret
Margaret
Margaret
Margaret Maher
Maher
Margaret Maher
Margaret
Margaret
Margaret
Margaret
Margaret Maher
Maher
Margaret
Margaret Maher


title: Lim Guan Eng

texts:
<mask> (; born 8 December 1960) is a Malaysian politician from the Democratic Action Party (DAP), a component party of the Pakatan Harapan (PH) coalition who has served as Member of Parliament (MP) for Bagan, Member of the Penang State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Air Putih since March 2008 and 5th Secretary-General of DAP since September 2004. He served as the Minister of Finance in the PH administration under former prime minister Mahathir Mohamad from May 2018 to the collapse of the PH administration in February 2020, 4th Chief Minister of Penang from March 2008 to May 2018 and MP for Kota Melaka from August 1986 to November 1999. On 6 August 2020, <mask> was arrested by the Malaysian Anti-Corruption Commission, following weeks of a probe into an RM6.3 billion undersea tunnel project that was green-lit during his tenure as Penang chief minister. According to the commission, <mask> will be charged with bribery and abuse of power relating to the undersea tunnel project, and a separate abuse of power charge for the additional unspecified case. Personal life
<mask> is the son of <mask>, Leader of the Opposition in the Malaysian House of Representatives from 1973 to 1999 and 2004 to 2008. He is married to Betty Chew Gek Cheng (周玉清), who was former two-term MLA for Kota Laksamana in Malacca. She is the first serving assemblywoman to be married to a Chief Minister.They have four children. Early education
<mask> <mask> attended La Salle Primary English School in Petaling Jaya, and later the Batu Pahat Montfort Primary English School. For his secondary education, he attended Batu Pahat High School and Malacca High School. He graduated from Monash University in Australia with a Bachelor of Economics (BEc). He also served as the president of MUISS (Monash University International Student Society) during his university years. Political career
Prior to his political career, <mask> was a senior executive at a bank. He was first elected as the Member of Parliament for Kota Melaka in 1986, defeating Soh Chin Aun with a majority of 17,606 votes.He was re-elected in the 1990 and 1995 general elections, albeit with reduced majorities. He thus became the first person to be elected to three consecutive terms in Kota Melaka. He was also the first Malacca High School alumnus to achieve this. He was appointed the DAP Socialist Youth chairman in 1989 and was formally elected to that post in 1992. In 1995, he was elected the DAP Deputy Secretary-General. He was elected the party's Secretary-General in 2004, and has held that position since. Jailed under Sedition Act
<mask> was arrested by the Malaysian police in 1994, following his criticism of the government's failure to bring the then-Chief Minister of Melaka, Tan Sri Abdul Rahim Thamby Chik's statutory rape case to trial when the Attorney General had decided not to press charges.<mask> was charged under Section 4(1) (b) of the Sedition Act 1948 for causing 'disaffection with the administration of justice in Malaysia'. He was also charged under Section 8A (1) of the Printing Presses and Publications Act 1984 for 'maliciously printing' a pamphlet containing allegedly 'false information' which supposedly described the alleged rape victim as an 'imprisoned victim' because she was initially detained by Malaysian police without parental consent for 10 days. After a series of appeals, <mask> was sentenced to 18 months imprisonment. He was, however, released after 12 months on 25 August 1999. Due to his incarceration, he was barred from standing for election to public office for a period of 5 years, and he was therefore ineligible to contest in the 2004 Malaysian General Election. Internal bickering
In 2005, <mask> suffered a surprise defeat in his campaign for re-election to the Malacca DAP committee. However, as <mask> remained Secretary-General of the party, he was automatically included in the committee in accordance with the party's constitution.His wife, who had also failed to be elected to the Melaka committee, was not included in the committee even though she remained the chief of the state' s DAP women's wing. Teresa Kok, a DAP MP, suggested that there was a conspiracy behind the <mask>s' failure to be reelected. Nevertheless, <mask> went on to garner the second highest number of votes (620) at the party's 15th National Congress on 23 August 2008. Chief Minister of Penang
In the 2008 Malaysian general election, the DAP-PKR-PAS coalition, later known as Pakatan Rakyat (PR), won 29 out of the 40 state assembly seats contested in Penang, defeating the Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition. The DAP won 19 seats, PKR 9 seats, and PAS 1. Even though <mask> is not a Penangite, he was nominated to be the Chief Minister (CM) of Penang, replacing the former Chief Minister Dr. Koh Tsu Koon of Malaysian People's Movement Party (Gerakan). Other senior DAP leaders of Penang such as <mask> Seng, Phee Boon Poh, and Chow Kon Yeow were bypassed and were instead appointed as state executive council members.In the 2013 Malaysian general election, Pakatan Rakyat won a larger majority, gaining 30 out of the 40 state seats in Penang. Governance
When he took over as the new Penang CM, <mask> announced an amnesty on all summonses issued by the Penang Island City Council and Seberang Perai Municipal Council involving vendors' licences and parking offences issued before March 2008. On 14 March 2008, a mob composed mostly of UMNO members and supporters took to the streets illegally after Friday prayers to protest his statements on the NEP. No arrests were made but two men were taken in for questioning. Various BN-backed groups and NGOs continued to protest and lodge police reports as a form of continued harassment. On 19 March 2008, <mask> announced that the state exco had approved an open tender system for state projects exceeding RM 50,000. For projects between RM20,000 and RM50,000, a balloting system was introduced.A two-week objection period was put in place for both the open tender and balloting systems. During <mask>'s tenure as CM, Penang maintained its rank as one of the top states for investments in Malaysia. The state attracted RM12.2 billion worth of capital investments in 2010, which accounted for 25% of the total investments in Malaysia. This was a 465% increase on the investment of RM2.17 billion in 2009. In 2011, Penang was the top state in terms of manufacturing investments in Malaysia for the second consecutive year, attracting RM9.1 billion in total. However, using a new measure of total investment that took into account the manufacturing, services and private sectors, Penang ranked second in Malaysia after Sarawak in total investments, with a total amount of RM14.038 billion. This was due to it not having much in terms of primary sector investments.The public debt in Penang decreased by 95% from RM630 million in 2008 to RM30 million at the end of 2011. In 2014, Penang recorded a total of RM8.16 billion in investments, which was a 109% increase. Manufacturing investment in Penang increased by 87% to RM53.9 billion in the 2008-2016 period compared to RM24.9 billion in the 2000-2007 period, with a 17% increase in job creation. Foreign investments (FDI) also increased by 62.5% to RM36.7 billion in the 2008-2015 period compared to RM22.6 billion during 2000–2007. Penang currently has the second highest GDP per capita in the country. Penang's economic growth rate in 2015 was 5.5%, which was higher than Malaysia's growth rate of 5%. Penang has an unemployment rate of 1.5% compared to the national unemployment rate of 3.1%.On 28 April 2011, <mask> signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) with China, witnessed by the Chinese premier Wen Jiabao and Malaysian Prime Minister Najib Razak, on the proposal to construct three roads and an undersea tunnel on Penang island. The 6.5 km undersea tunnel is to be the third link between the island and Butterworth on the mainland. According to <mask>, this would ease traffic congestion in the state and improve the links between the island and the mainland. On 25 July 2014, the Penang state government unveiled the RM27 billion Penang Transport Master Plan (PTMP) that comprises an integrated transportation network connecting both Penang Island and Seberang Perai. The PTMP aims to achieve a well-defined and fully connected road network and dispersal system as well as a well-integrated and sustainable public transport system, which combines buses, trams, MRT and water taxis. The project was expected to start in 2015 and be completed in 2030. Under <mask>'s tenure, the Penang Island Municipal Council was officially upgraded to city council status on 1 January 2015 by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong.The state government had been applying to the Malaysian federal government to grant city status since January 2010. Competency, Accountability and Transparency (CAT)

Led by Chief Minister <mask> Eng, the Penang state government practised the concept of Competency, Accountability, and Transparency (CAT) in governance. The concept guides the state government in achieving efficient, responsible, and clean governance. It also aims to turn Penang into a cleaner, greener and safer state. The CAT concept encourages positive work ethics and team spirit. It has helped the state government to record budget surpluses and successfully attract RM 12.2 billion in capital investments. According to the international weekly news magazine The Economist, the reform of the state government has ended the cronyism and corruption that led to major deficits under the previous regime.The Penang state government under <mask> received praise from the Auditor-General as the best financially managed state in Malaysia from 2008 to 2010. According to the AG's report, the consolidated fund increased by 2.7%, from RM 1101.89 million in 2009 to RM 1131.17 million in 2010. Likewise, the consolidated revenue fund has grown by 6.2% from RM 538.95 million in 2009 to RM 572.49 million in 2010. <mask>'s state government has also won accolades from Transparency International for implementing open tenders in awarding contracts. Welfare aid and programs
The record budget surpluses were channeled to social welfare programs such as financial aid to the hardcore poor, cash handouts to the elderly, public housing upgrades, free Wi-Fi service at selected hot spots, and free bus services within the city and between Penang island and Seberang Perai for workers. Social welfare aid of RM 100 is awarded annually to senior citizens, single mothers, disabled individuals, new-born babies, and school-going pupils in Primary 1 and 4 as well as Form 1 and 4. On 1 March, <mask> launched the Bridge Express Shuttle Transit (BEST), which is a free-of-charge park and ride shuttle bus service which ferries commuters across the Penang Bridge from Seberang Jaya to the Bayan Lepas Free Industrial Zone.This bus service aims to increase usage of public transport, which in turn will reduce traffic congestion during peak hours on the Penang Bridge and therefore ease the financial burden of factory workers. The SMART Centre Penang is an initiative set up by the Penang state government and the think tank investPenang during the Penang Outlook Forum in June 2009 chaired by <mask>. The SMART Centre intends to provide market intelligence, business advice, information, resources and training services to small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Penang. It focuses on the promotion of local sourcing, investments and networking by running various programs such as business matching, seminars and talks. Under Pakatan Rakyat's Agenda Ekonomi Sosial (AES) or Social Economic Agenda, the Penang state government is aiming to be the first state in Malaysia to eradicate poverty by ensuring every household in Penang has an income of at least RM 770 per month. The poverty line is RM 763 per month for every household/family in Peninsular Malaysia. Families with less than RM 770 in monthly income will have the difference topped up by the state government every month.Aside from that, the Penang state government under <mask> began to give annual allocations to Chinese independent high schools and also increased annual allocations to Chinese, Tamil and mission schools in Penang which are either not funded or only partially funded by the Education Ministry of Malaysia. On 7 June 2014, <mask> donated RM 20,000 to the soup kitchen, The Lighthouse, to assist the organisation's efforts in feeding the homeless and poor. On 1 April 2015, the Penang state government under <mask> launched the 'Penang Future Foundation (PFF)' scholarship program, which awards scholarships to outstanding young Malaysian students who wish to pursue their undergraduate studies at local private higher educational institutions. Scholarship recipients are required to work in Penang after they graduate. The scholarship program is administered by the Penang state government but is fully funded by the private sector to ensure its sustainability in the long run. This program was launched to attract young talented people to work in the state. <mask> also made his appearance as the guest of honour at the launch of "The Rise of Digital India" exhibition in Penang on 19 April 2015 with Deputy Chief Minister Ramasamy Palanisamy also accompanied by Mr J. Philip Vincent to create and ensure the Penang-India bond of space, aeronautics and technology.Cleaner, Greener Penang
Cleaner, Greener Penang is an initiative by the Penang state government launched in 2010 as part of an effort to transform Penang into the most environmentally friendly and liveable city in Malaysia through education, enforcement and appreciation. This is to restore the current living environment into a cleaner and more sustainable city, which in turn will improve the quality of living. The Penang state government, led by <mask>, enforced the ban on free plastic bags throughout the state on 1 January 2010, despite an initial lukewarm response from retail outlets. <mask> said the move would reduce the state's garbage production and carbon footprint. Retail stores, food outlets and hawker stalls statewide are required to adhere to the rulings to ensure renewal of business licences. The proceedings from the sale of plastic bags went to the "Partners Against Poverty" Special Fund to assist the state's hardcore poor. This initiative was the first of its kind in Malaysia.On 11 December 2011, <mask> initiated the Car Free Day which would be held every Sunday at particular

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title: Lim Guan Eng

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 stretches of roads in the interior city of George Town, Penang. All motor vehicles are prohibited from entering these areas on that day, which are part of <mask>'s efforts to transform Penang into a sustainable city and fight climate change. In addition, the state government is also considering a proposal to set up bicycle lanes around Penang island, mainly along coastal areas and Seberang Perai, scheduled to be completed by 2020. The dedicated bicycle lanes in Penang island will cover a coastal route between Penang Second Bridge to Batu Maung and Teluk Bahang. In Seberang Perai, it will cover a 140 km stretch including state and town roads and is subjected to feedback from the public. <mask> wanted to promote Penang as the first state to promote cycling as a healthy activity and reduce dependency on motor vehicles. On 1 August 2014, the Penang state government implemented a bicycle sharing system in its effort to transform George Town into a greener and more sustainable city.It awarded a RM9.2 million contract to Public Bike Share Sdn. Bhd. to design, install and operate the bicycle sharing system in the city. The system consists of 25 bicycle stations with 1,000 bicycle docks and 500 bicycles throughout George Town. <mask> believes that the system will alleviate traffic congestion as well as improve visitors' experience by making places accessible without cars and thus support the state government's initiative in a cleaner, greener, safer and healthier Penang. Foreign delegations and state visits
On 6 November 2011, the Penang state government under <mask>'s leadership managed to strengthen ties and forge friendship with the state of Victoria, Australia when the Governor of Victoria Alex Chernov made an official day-long visit to Penang with the invitation of the state government. On 15 November 2011 Penang had hosted an official visit by the Governor General of Canada the Right Honourable David Johnston and the ex-Speaker of the Kanagawa Prefecture of Japan for 2 days.Penang had managed to forge foreign relations with Canada and Japan, which consequently strengthened trade ties to lure foreign investors to Penang. Johnston's first visit to the state was welcomed by <mask> and the Yang di-Pertua Negeri of Penang Abdul Rahman Abbas. They walked around the Penang Heritage Trail together with his delegation. Other foreign delegations who visited Penang include the South Australian Minister of Police and Governor of Bangkok Sukhumbhand Paribatra. Several investment and business delegations have been led by <mask> on state visits to Tokyo, Bangkok, Singapore, Melbourne, Adelaide, Abu Dhabi and Dubai. <mask>'s official visit to Bangkok also witnessed the signing of a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) between Penang and Bangkok, which enabled Penang to be a fast-growing world-class and international city. Prior to this state visit, Penang was looking to develop its tourism by seeking co-operation with Bangkok.<mask> said that the state aspires to be achieve global city status by becoming a major economic hub, a top choice for investors, a desirable place for tourists and a habitat of choice for people who want to earn a sustainable living. Penang Transport Master Plan
In December 2015, the Penang state government implemented the RM27 billion Penang Transport Master Plan (PTMP). It covers various mass transportation systems such as Light Rail Transit (LRT), LRT link between Penang Island and Seberang Perai, monorail, trams, bus transit system (BTS), catamaran (water taxis) across the channel between Penang Island and Seberang Perai, and cable car. Besides that, the master plan also incorporates Pan-Island Link Highway which connects Gurney Drive and Bayan Lepas via Air Itam. Furthermore, the Penang state government plans to reclaim two man-made islands, which is 930ha of land and another 445ha of land off the coast of Permatang Damar Laut south of Penang Island to cover the cost of the project. The transport master plan aims to ease ongoing traffic congestion problems in Penang. Minister of Finance
After the Pakatan Harapan (PH) coalition (of which the DAP is part) emerged victorious in the 2018 Malaysian general election and formed the Federal Government, Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad announced <mask> Eng's appointment as the Minister of Finance.He succeeded Najib Razak of BN. <mask> is the first ethnic-Chinese Malaysian to hold the position since Tan Siew Sin of the Malaysian Chinese Association (MCA) served from 1959 to 1974. In September 2018, <mask> cancelled two contracts, worth approximately $2.795 billion, with China Petroleum Pipeline Bureau for oil and gas pipelines, stating that some of the funding from the Exim Bank of China had been misappropriated as part of the 1MDB scandal. <mask> has announced B40 (Bottom 40 per cent) National Protection Scheme, which is a free national health insurance scheme for the low income starting from 1 January 2019 at an initial cost of RM2 billion. The insurance scheme will improve access to health coverage and ease the burden of the low income families. Besides that, <mask> under the Finance Ministry has announced that first-time home buyers will be fully exempted from stamp duty for properties up to RM1 million starting from 1 January 2019. Controversies and issues

Consortium Zenith corruption charge
On 6 August 2020, <mask> Eng was accused of using his position as chief minister to ask Consortium Zenith Construction Sdn Bhd (Zenith) senior director Zarul Ahmad Mohd Zulkifli for 10% of the profits which would be made from the roads and tunnel project.He was charged under Section 16(a)(A) of the Malaysian Anti Corruption Commission Act. He pleaded not guilty in the Sessions Court of asking for a 10% cut from the profits of the undersea tunnel project. On 10 August 2020, <mask> was charged with receiving a bribe worth RM3.3 million in relation to the Penang undersea tunnel project. This is the second charge that was also related to the same project. Leadership in Penang
In 2012, Penang state UMNO Youth Chief accused the Penang state government of breaking the law in selling the Bayan Mutiara land to developer Ivory Property Group Berhad without subdividing the land. He also claimed that the state government sold the land without open tender and made no provision for mosques. However, <mask> Eng showed evidence that it has been sold via open tender and thus explained that the developer would only do the subdividing when it submits development plans for the 41.5-ha real estate project to the Penang Municipal Council.The developer had clarified that land for the mosque and school has been allocated and adhered to the town planning regulation after the new plans and subdivision of title has been submitted. In 2013, his official trip to Xiamen and Hainan in China with a delegation including his wife were criticised by Penang MCA for practicing double standard in his stand for bringing spouse in official trip. Penang MCA Secretary, Lau Chiek Tan said "Previously, <mask> had criticised Barisan Nasional leaders for wasting public funds by bringing their families with them on official trips. We now see Pakatan Rakyat leaders doing the same with this trip to China." In 2014, he was criticized for swapping his two-month-old Toyota Camry official car for a new Mercedes-Benz S300L. Netizens and NGOs commented that he did not practise what he preached because in 2008 he had condemned the Terengganu State Government for buying a fleet of Mercedes-Benz cars as its official cars. The Barisan Nasional MP for Kota Belud, Datuk Abdul Rahman Dahlan, accused <mask> of being "hypocritical".<mask> defended his decision, saying that he had bought the car at a discounted price. Disparaging the security of the state of Johor
On 20 September 2011, <mask> <mask> participated in an interview conducted by Australian Broadcasting Corporation where he was reported by the Malaysian news agency, Bernama, to have disparaged the security of the state of Johor. <mask> <mask> insisted he never mentioned Johor, and demanded that Bernama retract their story and issue a formal apology, or face a lawsuit. However, a recording was later revealed by TV3, showing clear evidence of <mask> <mask> proclaiming that Singaporeans who are in Johor are "likely to be kidnapped". The recording of <mask> <mask>'s remark was made in Singapore. This led <mask> <mask> to issue a formal apology to the Sultan of Johor. Penang Voluntary Patrol Unit
Lim was involved in a controversy regarding the establishment of the Penang Voluntary Patrol Unit (PPS) which was declared illegal by Ministry of Home Affairs.He however, declared it a legal entity and challenged Khalid Abu Bakar, who was then Malaysia's Inspector-general of police to a debate on the legitimacy of the PPS. He then challenged the Home Ministry's declaration in court. His case however, was thrown out of court by the High Court. However, on 28 March 2017, the Court of Appeal ruled that the Penang Voluntary Patrol Unit (PPS) is a legal organisation established by the Penang state government. Legal suits
On 14 December 2011, <mask> won a second defamation suit against Malay daily Utusan Malaysia, which was ordered by the Penang High Court to pay a total of RM200,000 worth of damages and a cost of RM25,000 to him. Utusan Malaysia had allegedly published a defamatory news article about <mask> entitled "Kebiadapan Guan Eng" (Guan Eng's Arrogance) which had defamed his political career, and subsequently pictured him and DAP as anti-Malay and anti-Muslim. On 22 June 2012, <mask> won a defamation suit against Utusan Malaysia, which was ordered by High Court to pay a total of RM200,000 worth of damages and RM20,000 in costs to the former.The Malay daily had been found guilty by the court of defaming <mask> in a published news article headlined "Tiada Lagi DEB" (No More NEP), which said that <mask> would abolish the New Economic Policy. On 30 January 2015, he, with two news portals, Malaysiakini and The Malaysian Insider were sued by Penang UMNO secretary, Datuk Musa Sheikh Fadzir, Maison Height Sdn Bhd and Penang Barisan Nasional secretary Datuk Omar Faudzar for making defamatory article on the alleged sale of Malay lands for profit. In the statement of claim, the plaintiffs referred to an article written by <mask> titled "Pembohongan Umno" (Umno's lies), which was published in The Malaysian Insider on 27 Nov 2014, and another article titled "Stop spreading lies about Penang government, Guan Eng tells Umno" which was also published in the same news portal on 27 Nov.The plaintiffs stated that <mask>, Mkini and Gan had caused the publication of another article "Umno made profits by selling Malay Kampungs", containing defamatory words in Malaysiakini. The plaintiffs filed a notice of discontinuance on 1 April 2016. On 26 March 2015, <mask> won a defamation suit against Perkasa, New Straits Times and Utusan Malaysia concerning an article over a dinner which <mask> attended in Singapore in 2011. The latter were ordered by the High Court to pay RM550,000 in damages. Justice Nor Bee Ariffin ordered Perkasa chief Datuk Ibrahim Ali, information chief Ruslan Kassim and Perkasa to pay RM150,000; New Straits Times former group editor Datuk Syed Nazri Syed Harun and NSTP RM200,000 and Utusan Melayu group editor-in-chief Datuk Abdul Aziz Ishak and Utusan Melayu RM200,000.Justice Nor Bee Ariffin said that Syed Nazri, NSTP, Abdul Aziz and Utusan Melayu failed to practice responsible journalism. On 3 July 2015, he lost a lawsuit brought by the state opposition leader, Datuk Jahara Hamid. <mask> had allegedly called Datuk Jahara a "racist grandmother" in December 2013. <mask> was ordered to pay RM 500,000 in damages at 5% interest per annum and RM 40,000 in legal costs. He was also ordered to retract the statement. The judicial commissioner said that he had been unprofessional (as a chief minister) to resort to name calling an opposition leader and had brought disrepute to both the state assembly and the office of Chief Minister. His sexist statement was also condemned by the chairperson of the women's wing of the DAP, Chong Eng; Zuraida Kamaruddin, chairperson of the women's wing of Parti Keadilan Rakyat (PKR); and several female Senators.In August 2017, <mask> filed a suit against New Straits Times Press (Malaysia) Bhd (NSTP) for running an article titled "Political Intervention was real, says PAS", which accused him of interfering in Islamic affairs. On 2 November 2018, the High Court ordered NSTP to pay damages of RM200,000 to <mask> and directed NSTP to publish an unconditional and unreserved apology admitting that the article was defamatory to him. On 19 September 2018, a consent judgment was reached before the High Court with the publisher of the New Straits Times and Berita Harian newspapers agreeing to publish an apology and pay <mask> RM130,000 in damages over three defamatory articles published in January 2018, quoting Teng Chang Yeow who accused <mask> of lying about Penang government's payments to the contractors of the undersea tunnel and three main roads project. Election results

References

Notes
  – "Guan Eng and wife voted out of Malacca DAP committee". – Beh "Mr and Mrs <mask>'s defeat a 'conspiracy'". – "<mask> Eng Reassures Penang". See also
 Air Putih (Penang state constituency)
 Kota Melaka (federal constituency)
 Bagan (federal constituency)
 Pakatan Rakyat
 Pakatan Harapan

Citations

 "<mask> Eng and wife voted out of Malacca DAP committee".(19 December 2005). The Star. Beh, Lih Yi (19 December 2005). "Mr and Mrs <mask>'s defeat a 'conspiracy'". Malaysiakini. "The trial of opposition parliamentarian <mask>uan Eng: an update". (1 March 1997).Amnesty International. "<mask> Eng released but his civil rights remain curtailed". (25 August 1999). Amnesty International. <mask> Eng Biodata
 TheStar Article

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1960 births
Living people
People from Johor Bahru
People from Johor
Malaysian people of Hokkien descent
Malaysian politicians of Chinese descent
Malaysian prisoners and detainees
Prisoners and detainees of Malaysia
Malaysian politicians convicted of crimes
Malaysian accountants
Democratic Action Party (Malaysia) politicians
Government ministers of Malaysia
Finance ministers of Malaysia
Members of the Dewan Rakyat
Chief Ministers of Penang
Members of the Penang State Legislative Assembly
Penang state executive councillors
Monash University alumni
21st-century Malaysian

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title: Brooke Evers

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<mask>  is an Australian television personality, model, actress, dancer, producer and DJ. Her first break was as Zoo Weekly's "2008 Beach Babe of the Year," which secured her first national magazine cover. As an international model, <mask> has worked with major brands such as Billabong Australia, Mrs Palmers Surf and Quiksilver Worldwide. In 2010, <mask> was the presenter of The Rip Curl Pro at Bells Beach and went on to host the Australian Sexpo Tour with Australia comedian Russell Gilbert for 2011. In previous years, she frequently hosted and presented for Sydney-based company Unseen TV, covering events such as the Gold Coast 600, State of Origin, Sexpo and a number of fashion festivals. She was a full-time co-host on 90.9 Sea FM's The Drive Show from 3-7pm with radio presenter Craig 'Lowie' Lowe. She was a featured character on the reality TV show The Stafford Brothers with her fellow DJ & husband, Matt Stafford of the Stafford Brothers.Season 2 premiered on FOX8 on 27 January 2012. In 2011, Evers accepted a position with ACP Magazines. As of 2012 she is an editorial assistant/journalist for Zoo Weekly. Career
In 2008, Evers qualified for university entry and was accepted into Griffith University on the Gold Coast. In 2010, she graduated with a Bachelor of Journalism majoring in Public Relations and digital media. Evers is a full-time cover model, editorial assistant and journalist working for men's magazine Zoo Weekly; based in Sydney. She has been working with the magazine since 2008, and moved into an editorial role in July 2011.Zoo Weekly is published by ACP Magazines. Modelling
Evers won a number of Australian contests and pageants. By age 16 she had established modelling contracts with major surf brands including Billabong, KULU, 2 Chillies, Mrs Palmers and Quiksilver Worldwide. In 2003, Evers was a Miss Indy Finalist, and went on to secure shoots in FHM and Ralph Magazine. She has been featured in a number of fashion, health, sport and lifestyle magazines throughout her modelling career. As of 2012, she has over 20 magazine covers (15 national, four international) including the Netherlands, Thailand, Sweden and the UK. In 2010, Evers featured on her first album cover for the Ministry of Sound Maximum Bass CD mixed by DJ Tom Piper.Dancing
In 2004, she was signed by Flirtmodels Australia; performing in nightclubs, festivals and promotional gigs such as the Gold Coast 600 and network TV show Blokesworld. Over the next two years the commercial dance troupe toured extensively throughout Australia and Asia working with the likes of Bob Sinclar and Boy George. In 2005, Evers was selected as a Crusty Demons dancer and performed at live shows throughout Australia. The Crusty Demons are a group of daredevil freestyle motorcyclists from the United States, Australia, New Zealand and Europe. In 2010, she toured for three months in Macau, China; where she performed in a convention at the Venetian Hotel and Resort. TV appearances
During university, Evers gained multiple television hosting and presenting roles for Sydney-based company Unseen TV. She covered major events including the Gold Coast 600 (formerly known as Indy), State of Origin, and numerous fashion festivals.She was presenter and host of The Rip Curl Pro 2010 at Bells Beach and co-hosted the Australian Sexpo Tour with Australian comedian Russell Gilbert for 2011. In 2010, she starred on the UK reality TV show I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! which was filmed in the Gold Coast Hinterland. According to an interview, <mask> has said the show was "the most insane job" she has ever done. "I had to jump out of a helicopter, slept with rats, ate nothing but beans and white rice for four days, was covered in cockroaches, worms and spiders to win food…loved the experience but hated the tasks!" Evers made three guest appearances on the FOX8 TV series Football Superstar in 2010. On 21 January 2011 FOX8 premiered The Stafford Brothers; a reality TV series following the lives of Matt and Chris Stafford on tour across Europe, produced by TV host Wesley Dening.Evers is a leading characters alongside her long-term DJ partner Matt Stafford. An episode featuring her in a photo shoot produced the show's highest ratings for the season. In 2011, Evers starred on Channel Nine's series the Celebrity Apprentice and was cast as the Surfers Paradise host on Fuel TV. In her latest TV presenting role, she is the Australian correspondent on the US television show Attack of the Show! The show is a live, prime-time review of the latest viral videos, gadgets, comics and movies. Radio hosting
In 2010, <mask> co-hosted 90.9 Sea FM's Drive Show from 3-7pm with Gold Coast radio presenter Craig 'Lowie' Lowe. She featured on the program for 6 weeks full-time over Christmas.<mask> has also made numerous appearances on Brisbane radio station Nova 106.9. She also co-hosts Australia's Party People on Fridays with Matty Acton. Music
In 2010, Evers started to learn how to DJ while working in the club scene, practising in clubs during the day and collecting music over time. As a professional dancer she has worked alongside artists like Bob Sinclar and Boy George, and has stated she developed an understanding of popular music and reading the crowd. She had cited artists such as the Stafford Brothers, Timmy Trumpet, DJ Tom Piper as influences, and has developed a style of commercial pop and RnB with electro house. DJ <mask> was officially sponsored by Audio Technica Australia. S.K.A.M.Artist DJ <mask> was the featured guest at M Nightclub on Saturday 22 August 2015. Sponsorships
In 2006, she started working with a health and sport supplement company, Australian Sports Nutrition, who she has publicly credited for her physical shape. She is sponsored by national and international organisations such as Fitness First, Envisage Clinic, Network Surf and Quiksilver Women. References

External links

 <mask>s at SKAM Artist

1985 births
Living people
Australian television presenters
Australian female models
Australian house musicians
Australian DJs
Women DJs
Musicians from Gold Coast, Queensland
Participants in Australian reality television series
Electronic dance music DJs
21st-century women musicians
Australian women television presenters

masks:
Brooke Evers
Brooke
Evers
Brooke
Evers
Brooke
Brooke Evers
Brooke Evers
Brooke Ever


title: Jeffrey Hamm

texts:
<mask> (15 September 1915 – 4 May 1992) was a leading British fascist and supporter of Oswald Mosley. Although a minor figure in Mosley's prewar British Union of Fascists, <mask> became a leading figure after the Second World War and eventually succeeded as leader of the Union Movement after Mosley's retirement. Early life
<mask> was born in Ebbw Vale, Wales, whilst his father was serving in the First World War. The family later relocated to Monmouth. It has been claimed that he first became attracted to the British Union of Fascists (BUF) in 1934 on a trip to London, when he chanced upon a party member delivering a speech and was impressed. British Union of Fascists
He joined the BUF in 1935 when he relocated to London to take up a teaching role at King's School, Harrow. A young member, Hamm did not rise above the rank and file in the BUF.In 1939 he moved to the Falkland Islands to work as a teacher, where that he was arrested in 1940 under Defence Regulation 18B after he had been accused of encouraging fascism to his pupils. He was transferred to Leeuwkop, South Africa, where he was involved in an attempt to tunnel out of the camp. The camp also contained some German Nazi prisoners, and a contemporary MI5 report suggested Hamm had been indoctrinated by Nazi propaganda by his fellow inmates. He was returned to Britain in 1941 and enlisted in the Royal Tank Regiment, but during his service, he was identified as a disruptive influence and was taken off the front before his discharge in 1944. He found work at the Royal Coach Works in Acton after his discharge, and he subsequently was a bookkeeper at a milliner shop. Around then, Hamm converted to the Roman Catholic Church under the influence of Father Clement Russell, a Nazi sympathiser and anti-Semite based in Wembley who kept a photograph of Mosley on display in his parochial house. Hamm and his wife were married by Russell, with the climax of the ceremony coming with the couple saluting a Nazi flag.Return to politics
Hamm had been a minor figure in the BUF, but his time in the prison camps had increased his support for Mosley. Indeed, such had been his low standing in the movement that Mosley did not know who Hamm was and for a time struggled to spell Hamm's surname properly. Nonetheless, Hamm quickly became the most vigorous and vocal of Mosley's post-internment supporters. After his discharge, Hamm joined and then took over the British League of Ex-Servicemen and Women, which claimed to look after veterans' interests and converted it to a movement designed to keep Mosley's ideas current. Seeking to keep British fascism alive, Hamm organized a series of meetings in Hyde Park from November 1944 onwards and later moved them to the traditional BUF areas of East London. Hamm's League rallies eventually began to attract thousands, which convinced him that a proper political return was a distinct possibility. Hamm's rallies also attracted significant opposition, with clashes between his supporters and antifascists.However, the group's first public campaign actually took place in the Metropolitan Borough of Hampstead, where, with Hamm having become associated with Eleonora Tennant, it helped to organise a petition to keep immigrants out of new houses, ostensibly on the pretext that the housing should be kept for returning soldiers. As a result of his involvement, Hamm secured publicity for the League. It also gave him access to leading figures such as Ernest Benn and Waldron Smithers, who had been involved in the initial drawing up of the petition. Hamm's increasing profile did not go unnoticed by supporters and opponents alike, and in 1946, he and his ally Victor Burgess suffered a severe beating from antifascists. (A similar incident in Brighton in 1948 resulted in Hamm spending time in hospital.) Mosley was initially unsure of Hamm, but at a secret meeting in Bethnal Green on 22 December 1946, he endorsed Hamm's leadership and declared him his "East End representative", East London being traditionally the centre of Mosleyite activity. In 1947, however, Mosley censured Hamm for the violent and inflammatory nature of much of his propaganda, which forced him to tone down his rhetoric.Union Movement
Hamm soon began calling on Mosley to return to the leadership of British fascism. Hamm incorporated his British League into the Union Movement (UM) immediately upon the latter's foundation in 1948. Hamm became a leading member of the new UM but was considered a spiky figure and was so unpopular at UM headquarters that Mosley sent him to Manchester in 1949. Hamm failed to revitalise the northern branch and contemplated leaving the UM altogether until he was recalled by Mosley in 1952. Returning to London, <mask> became a central figure in the new anti-black campaign of the UM, which won it some support in Brixton and other areas into which new West Indies immigrants were settling. He gained widespread press coverage when, in the immediate aftermath of the 1958 Notting Hill race riots, he made a speech outside Latimer Road tube station. Hamm served as Mosley's personal secretary during the later years of the UM and succeeded to the post upon the death of Alexander Raven Thomson in 1955.Like Mosley, he was an ardent supporter of Irish unity and encouraged his leader to campaign on that issue. Hamm stood as a UM candidate at the 1966 general election in the Birmingham Handsworth constituency and polled 4% of the vote. Mosley effectively withdrew from public life afterward, and the UM came under the leadership of <mask> and Robert Row, the last two paid UM activists. Mosley was officially UM leader until 1973, when he formally retired, when <mask>, who had becomes the effective leader, formally succeeded him. Under Hamm the party relaunched as the Action Party and under that name contested the 1973 Greater London Council elections without success. The party transformed itself into the Action Society in 1978 and gave up party politics to become a publishing house. Hamm published his autobiography, Action Replay, in 1983, and in 1988 his second book, The Evil Good Men Do.After Mosley's death in December 1980, Hamm published and edited a quarterly pro-Mosley magazine, Lodestar, which included contributions by Diana Mosley, Colin Wilson and Brocard Sewell. He died from Parkinson's disease in 1992. Hamm's papers are housed at the University of Birmingham Special Collections. Elections contested

References

Bibliography

Archives
Papers of <mask> Hamm are held at the Cadbury Research Library, University of Birmingham. External links
Papers of <mask> at the University of Birmingham. <mask>m interview in 1989 about his political activity
Friends of Oswald Mosley

1915 births
1992 deaths
People from Ebbw Vale
British autobiographers
Welsh fascists
British Army personnel of World War II
Neurological disease deaths in the United Kingdom
Deaths from Parkinson's disease
Welsh politicians
Welsh Roman Catholics
People detained under Defence Regulation 18B
Welsh emigrants to the Falkland Islands
Converts to Roman Catholicism
British Union of Fascists politicians
Union Movement politicians
Royal Tank Regiment soldiers

masks:
Edward Jeffrey Hamm
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Edward Jeffrey
Jeffrey Hamm
Jeffrey Ham


title: Richard Kling

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<mask> is a Clinical Professor of Law at the Chicago–Kent College of Law in Chicago, Illinois, where he has been teaching since 1981. He teaches evidence, forensic science, and professional responsibility. He has personally tried over 500 jury trials, including 28 capital cases, and currently has a full-time Clinical Criminal practice through the Law Offices of the Chicago-Kent College of Law. <mask> is well respected in the Chicago legal community and is regularly featured in Chicago local news to discuss legal news topics ranging from the Rod Blagojevich corruption charges to the Drew Peterson murder trial. Professional biography
<mask> received his B.A, degree from the University of Illinois at Chicago and his J.D. degree in 1971 from Northwestern Law School. After graduating, he joined the Cook County Public Defender's Office, where he was a member of the Special Homicide Task Force.Before joining the faculty at Chicago-Kent College of Law, he taught trial advocacy at Northwestern Law School, taught an intensive attorney training program at the Illinois Defender's Project, and was a faculty member of the National Institute for Trial Advocacy. Professor <mask> regularly appears as a professor-reporter for the Administrative Office of the Illinois Courts. He also has co-directed and taught a course in professional responsibility for the Chicago Mercantile Exchange and the Chicago Board of Trade. He is a "public member" of the CME's Floor Practice Committee and an arbitrator for the National Futures Association. Criminal Law and Procedure
<mask> is a prominent authority on Illinois state criminal procedure. He is a co-editor of a three-volume training manual for the Cook County Public Defender  and he published Illinois Criminal Defense Motions in 1994, a manual of motions for Illinois criminal defense practitioners. Evidence
Professor <mask> teaches Evidence at Chicago-Kent College of Law and has published many articles about evidence and discovery procedures, to include Pre-Trial Motions and Discovery and The Confrontation Clause and Illinois' Hearsay Exception for Child Sex Abuse Victims.The Law Offices of Chicago-Kent
Richard Kling practices criminal defense litigation at the Law Offices of Chicago-Kent, one of the nation's largest in-house clinical programs, handling more than 1,000 cases annually. Notable cases

John Wayne Gacy
In 1986, <mask> was appointed to represent John Wayne Gacy for a post conviction petition. Gacy was an American serial killer and rapist, also known as the Killer Clown, who was convicted of the sexual assault and murder of a minimum of 33 teenage boys and young men in a series of killings committed between 1972 and 1978 in Chicago, Illinois. On appeal, <mask> argued to the Supreme Court of Illinois that John Wayne Gacy had ineffective legal representation, however the Supreme Court denied the petition in 1988. Suzanne Olds Murder Case
In 1995, <mask> won an acquittal for Helmut Carsten Hofer in a sensational Chicago area murder case. Hofer was accused of murdering Suzanne Olds, a wealthy Wilmette socialite. Suzanne Olds was murdered in the garage of her Wilmette home while engaged in a bitter divorce with her husband Dean Olds, who was Hofer's mentor and lover.The acquittal was notable for its intense media coverage and unusual defense tactics. Mel Reynolds
Mel Reynolds was born into a poor family in Mississippi, moved to Chicago when he was nine years old, went on to attend Yale University, graduated from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, and won a Rhodes Scholarship to attend the University of Oxford. Later on he received a degree from Harvard University. Reynolds soon ran for and was eventually elected to the United States House of Representatives. While a member of Congress representing the south side of Chicago and neighboring suburbs, Reynolds began having sex with an underage campaign worker. Eventually, Reynolds was prosecuted for criminal sexual abuse, obstruction of justice and solicitation of child pornography and convicted in 1995. Furthermore, during his campaigns in 1988, 1990, and 1992, Reynolds solicited illegal campaign contributions and violated various federal election laws.Reynolds, also while a member of Congress, initiated a fraudulent real estate transaction and obtained personal loans from banks through fraudulent misrepresentations. Subsequently, a federal grand jury indicted Reynolds for bank fraud and federal election law violations, and for obstruction of justice in connection with these crimes. A jury convicted Reynolds on 15 of the 16 counts in the federal indictment and the district court sentenced him to a 78-month prison term, and five years supervised release. <mask> represented Reynolds' in his appeal of federal convictions and sentence, which was affirmed by the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit in 1999. Herb Whitlock

In 1986, newlyweds Dyke and Karen Rhoades were murdered in Paris, Illinois, a small farming community in East Central Illinois. The murder was brutal; the newlyweds were repeatedly stabbed and their house was burned. Herbert Whitlock and Randy Steidl were later arrested and convicted for the murders.Steidl was convicted on both murder counts, and Whitlock was convicted of only killing Rhoades. Steidl was sentenced to death, and Whitlock was sentenced to a life sentence. Both men appealed their convictions and claimed that they were innocent. In 2000, the Illinois State Police reopened the case due to new evidence, with Lt. Michale Callahan leading the investigation. Callahan found numerous inconsistencies and evidence of misconduct that ultimately led him to conclude that the wrong men had been convicted of the murders. When he reported back to his superiors, he was told that the case was "too politically sensitive" and to drop the investigation. He later wrote a book, "Too Politically Sensitive," that chronicles his investigation and the eventual exoneration of Steidl and Whitlock.In 2003 United States District Judge Michael P. McCuskey, granted Steidl a Writ of Habeas Corpus and ordered a new trial for Steidl. The State chose not to bring Steidl to trial again and he was subsequently released in May 2004. <mask> and Susana Ortiz, working with the Illinois Innocence Project, filed a postconviction petition on behalf of Herbert Whitlock, challenging the first degree murder conviction of Karen Rhoads. <mask> and Ortiz contended that the State suppressed favorable and materiel evidence to Whitlock, in violation of Brady v. Maryland, and that Whitlock had ineffective assistance of counsel during his trial. While the circuit court judge, H. Dean Andrews, denied the petition, citing res judicata and forfeiture, <mask> and Ortiz appealed and the Fourth District Appellate Court of Illinois, in September 2007, reversed the circuit court judge and remanded Herbert Whitlock's murder case for a new trial. The State did not pursue a new trial and Whitlock was released in January 2008. Publications

Criminal Law and Procedure
Illinois Criminal Defense Motions  <mask><mask>.Illinois Criminal Defense Motions. (Butterworth Legal Publishers, 1995). Defending Defendants Charged with Drug Offenses  <mask><mask>. Defending Defendants Charged with Drug Offenses (3 volume manual for Cook County Public Defender's Office), (1994). Motion Manual for Illinois Criminal Defense Attorneys  <mask><mask>. Motion Manual for Illinois Criminal Defense Attorneys, (1994). Training Manual for Cook County Public Defenders  <mask><mask>.Training Manual for Cook County Public Defenders (co-editor with J. Carey), (1993). Management of a Criminal Trial  <mask><mask>. Management of a Criminal Trial (Illinois Judicial Conference) (with L. Cavise) (1988). People v. Guzman: The Unconstitutionality of Illinois Mandatory Life Imprisonment Statute  <mask><mask>. People v. Guzman: The Unconstitutionality of Illinois Mandatory Life Imprisonment Statute 72 Illinois Bar Journal (1984): 248. Brady v. Maryland: Who was Brady, Anyway? <mask><mask>.Brady v. Maryland: Who was Brady, Anyway? Illinois Defenders Digest (1981). Evidence

Pre-Trial Motions and DiscoveryRichard S. <mask>. "Pre-Trial Motions and Discovery" Illinois Criminal Procedure 2d. (Ed. R. Ruebner ed., 1994)
The Confrontation Clause and Illinois' Hearsay Exception for Child Sex Abuse VictimsRichard S. <mask> S. <mask>. Cross-Examination of Breath Alcohol Machine Operators (with G. Sapir) 13 Southern Illinois University Law Journal (1988): 83. Handling Child WitnessesRichard S. <mask>. Handling Child Witnesses (Illinois Judicial Conference) (with Marc R. Kadish) (1987). Pre-Trial Discovery, Illinois Criminal ProcedureRichard S. <mask> S<mask>. "Pre-Trial Procedures and Practice" Illinois Criminal Procedure. (Ed. R. Ruebner ed., 1987). Expert Witness TestimonyRichard S. <mask> S. Kling.Illinois Law on Hearsay (Illinois Judicial Conference) (with Marc R. Kadish) (1986). Practice and Procedure
Conduct Of A Jury TrialRichard S. <mask>. Conduct Of A Jury Trial 3rd ed. (Illinois Judicial Conference) (with Marc R. Kadish) (1991). References

External links
 Chicago-Kent College of Law Biography

Living people
Lawyers from Chicago
Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law alumni
Illinois Institute of Technology faculty
University of Illinois at Chicago alumni
American legal scholars
American legal writers
Criminal defense lawyers
Jewish American academics
Scholars of constitutional law
Year of birth missing (living people)
21st-century American Jews

masks:
Richard Kling
Richard Kling
Richard Kling
Kling
Richard Kling
Richard Kling
Richard Kling
Kling
Kling
Richard Kling
Richard Kling
Kling
Kling
Richard S
. Kling
Richard S
. Kling
Richard S
. Kling
Richard S
. Kling
Richard S
. Kling
Richard S
. Kling
Richard S
. Kling
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. Kling
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Kling


title: John Van de Kamp

texts:
<mask> (February 7, 1936 – March 14, 2017) was an American politician and lawyer who served as Los Angeles County District Attorney from 1975 until 1981, and then as the 28th Attorney General of California from 1983 until 1991. Early life
<mask> was born on February 7, 1936. He graduated from Dartmouth College and from Stanford Law School in 1959. He served as assistant U.S. Attorney and later became the first Federal Public Defender in Los Angeles. He was appointed U.S. Attorney for Los Angeles by President <mask> in 1966. He was appointed District Attorney after the previous incumbent died in office. Los Angeles County District Attorney
During his tenure as Los Angeles County District Attorney, <mask> dramatically increased the number of female deputy district attorneys in the office.He also created special units to focus on gangs, sexual assault, domestic violence, child abuse, and career criminals, and a unit to monitor crime in the entertainment industry. He set in place programs to help victims and witnesses, as well as quick response teams in cases of police officer-involved shootings. <mask> <mask> was criticized for his office's handling of the Hillside Strangler case. Specifically, the case against defendant Angelo Buono was based largely on the testimony of co-defendant Kenneth Bianchi, who became uncooperative and unreliable, claiming to have multiple personalities and repeatedly changing his story. <mask> <mask> was assured by his prosecutors that because of Bianchi's behavior, conviction of Buono could not be secured. <mask> Kamp accepted their judgment and allowed the trial prosecutor, Roger Kelly, to move to dismiss all 10 murder charges against Buono and release him with an eye toward trying him for pandering. The judge in the case, Ronald M. George, however, felt enough evidence existed against Buono to justify proceeding to trial, and George took the unconventional step of denying the motion to dismiss.<mask> <mask> then declared a conflict of interest with regard to his office continuing the prosecution, as his office had already come to the conclusion that they could not win the case. Judge George accepted the conflict and reassigned the case, moving it to the California Attorney General's office under George Deukmejian. The prosecutors from the Attorney General's office were able to overcome the problems with Bianchi's behavior, and went on to secure convictions on nine of the 10 counts and a life sentence against Buono. The trial had been so lengthy that before it ended, Deukmejian had left office (having been elected as Governor of California), and had been succeeded as California Attorney General by <mask> <mask> himself. Thus, it was ironically a <mask> Kamp-led office that had declared the case against Buono to be unwinnable, and another <mask> Kamp-led office that completed the winning of that case. The first decision, to give up on the murder prosecution of Buono, was used against <mask> Kamp in later political campaigns to portray him as being "soft on crime". California Attorney General

<mask> <mask> won the 1982 Democratic primary for Attorney General, defeating California State Sen. Omer Rains, a Democrat from Santa Barbara.Rains was chair of the Senate Judiciary Committee and former Senate Majority Leader. <mask> <mask> would go on to beat the Republican candidate, Senior Assistant Attorney General George Nicholson, a Deukmejian lieutenant, in the November general election. During <mask> <mask>'s administration as California Attorney General, he helped to create the Public Rights Division, which focuses on the enforcement of environmental, consumer protection, anti-trust, and civil rights issues. He also helped to modernize the Department of Justice by beginning support of DNA forensic investigation. <mask> <mask> was easily re-elected in 1986, winning 65 percent of the vote. The Republican nominee was San Fernando Valley attorney Bruce Gleason. In 1987, <mask> <mask> unsuccessfully led the State's charge against pornography by defending the pandering conviction of adult filmmaker Harold Freeman.Ultimately, the California State Supreme Court overturned Freeman's conviction. <mask> <mask> appealed to the United States Supreme Court, who declined to hear the case, thus effectively legalizing the production of adult films. In February 1989, he brought an AK-47 assault rifle to a legislative hearing on gun control and told the lawmakers that he could kill them all in the time it took to utter a sentence. “You are lucky that I am the attorney general and not a nut,” he said. In 1989, George Deukmejian announced that he would not seek a third term as Governor of California. <mask> <mask> ran for the office in 1990, hoping to succeed Deukmejian a second time, but he lost the Democratic primary election to former San Francisco Mayor Dianne Feinstein. Feinstein lost the general election to U. S. Sen. Pete Wilson, R-Calif. Feinstein would win a 1992 special election to fill Wilson's US Senate seat.Post-politics

After his loss to Feinstein, <mask> <mask> retired from politics and with his wife returned to his hometown of Pasadena, California, where they lived until his death in March 2017. After leaving public office, <mask> <mask> entered a private law practice and remained active in environmental causes. In 1977, <mask> <mask> was awarded an honorary Doctor of Laws (LL.D.) degree from Whittier College. <mask> <mask> was elected the 80th president of the State Bar of California for 2004-2005. He also served as president of the board of directors for the Planning and Conservation League. In 2016, along with Ron Briggs, <mask> <mask> sued to overturn Proposition 66, a state constitutional amendment that sped up the death penalty process.He lost his lawsuit 5-2 in the California Supreme Court. At the age of 81, <mask> <mask> died at his Pasadena home on March 14, 2017. Personal life
<mask> <mask> graduated from John Muir High School in Pasadena, California. The <mask> <mask> family is also famous for its bakeries, frozen foods, and Lawry's Restaurants in Southern California. References

External links
 Office of the Attorney General

1936 births
2017 deaths
People from Pasadena, California
California Attorneys General
California Democrats
District attorneys in California
Dartmouth College alumni
Stanford Law School alumni

masks:
John Kalar Van de Kamp
John Kalar Van de Kamp
Lyndon Johnson
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