title: Jason Bateman

texts:
<mask> (born January 14, 1969) is an American actor, director, and producer. He began acting on television in the early 1980s on the NBC drama series Little House on the Prairie, the NBC/Syndication sitcom Silver Spoons, and the NBC/CBS sitcom The Hogan Family. In 2003–2019, he became known for his role of Michael Bluth on the Fox/Netflix sitcom Arrested Development, for which he won a Golden Globe and a Satellite Award. He has also starred in the films Teen Wolf Too (1987), The Break-Up (2006), Juno (2007), Hancock (2008), Up in the Air, Couples Retreat, Extract (all 2009), The Switch (2010), Paul (2011), Horrible Bosses (2011) and its sequel (2014), This is Where I Leave You (2014), The Gift (2015), Office Christmas Party (2016), Zootopia (2016), and Game Night (2018). Since July 2020, he has co-hosted the comedy podcast SmartLess. <mask> made his directorial debut with the black comedy Bad Words (2013), in which he also starred. He has since directed and starred in The Family Fang (2015) and the Netflix crime drama series Ozark (2017–present).<mask> was awarded the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing for a Drama Series in 2019 for his directing of Ozark and has won two Screen Actors Guild Awards for his performance. In 2020, he had a recurring role in (and directed two episodes of) the HBO miniseries The Outsider. Early life
<mask> was born in Rye, New York, and was 4 years old when his family moved to Salt Lake City, Utah, and later to California. His mother, Victoria Elizabeth, was a flight attendant for Pan Am who was originally from Shrewsbury in the United Kingdom. His father, <mask>, is an American actor, writer, and director of film and television, and the founder of a repertory stage in Hollywood. His older sister is actress Justine <mask>. He also has three half-brothers.<mask> never finished high school. In an interview with Wired Magazine, <mask> admitted that he never received his diploma due to not finishing his finals while filming Teen Wolf Too. <mask> told Best Life magazine that he and Justine supported their parents with the paychecks they earned from their television shows; he also revealed that he was managed by his father until <mask> was 20 and dissolved the business relationship. Career

Television

<mask> first appeared in a cereal commercial for Golden Grahams in 1980 and began his television career on Little House on the Prairie as James Cooper, an orphaned boy who, along with his sister, is adopted by the Ingalls family. From 1982 to 1984, he was a supporting character on the television show Silver Spoons as Ricky Schroder's "bad boy" best friend Derek Taylor. He appeared in the Knight Rider third-season episode "Lost Knight" in 1984, and a number of other small television roles. In 1984, in response to his popularity on Silver Spoons, the show's producers gave <mask> his own starring role as Matthew Burton on the NBC sitcom It's Your Move, from September 1984 to February 1985.In 1987, he appeared with Burt Reynolds on the men's team in the inaugural week of game show Win, Lose or Draw. <mask> earned the status of teen idol in the mid-1980s for his television work, most notably as David Hogan on The Hogan Family (originally titled Valerie and later, Valerie's Family, after Valerie Harper left the series). He became the Directors Guild of America's youngest-ever director when, aged 18, he helmed three episodes of The Hogan Family. After the series ended its run, he gained international recognition in the motion picture sequel Teen Wolf Too, which was a box office failure. In 1994, he played opposite Katharine Hepburn and Anthony Quinn in the television film This Can't Be Love. During this period, he had roles on four series — Simon, Chicago Sons, George & Leo, and Some of My Best Friends—none of which lasted longer than one season. He also directed an episode of Two of a Kind in 1999.In 2002, he played the frisky sibling of Thomas Jane's character in the feature film The Sweetest Thing. In 2003, <mask> was cast as Michael Bluth in the comedy series Arrested Development. Although critically acclaimed, the series never achieved high ratings and ended on February 10, 2006. The show was revived in spring 2013. <mask> won several awards for his work on the series, including a Golden Globe for Best Actor in a Television Series Musical or Comedy. He was also nominated in 2005 for the Emmy Award for Outstanding Actor in a Comedy Series. New episodes of Arrested Development have been released on Netflix with the original cast, including <mask>.<mask> performed commentary on the 2004 Democratic National Convention for The Majority Report with Arrested Development co-star David Cross, and hosted NBC's Saturday Night Live on February 12, 2005. In 2006, he appeared as a guest star on the Scrubs episode "My Big Bird" as Mr. Sutton, a garbage man with a flock of vicious ostriches as pets. In 2009, <mask> became a regular voice actor for the short-lived Fox comedy series Sit Down, Shut Up. He voiced Larry Littlejunk, the gym teacher and only staff member who can teach. In 2010, <mask> and Arrested Development co-star Will Arnett created "DumbDumb Productions," a production company focusing on digital content. Their first video was "Prom Date," the first in a series of "Dirty Shorts" for Orbit. In 2012, <mask> returned to his role of Michael Bluth for the revival of Arrested Development along with the rest of the original cast.The now-Netflix sponsored series released Season 4 on its Instant Watch website on May 26, 2013. The series was expected to continue its run as well as a potential feature film. For the new fourth season, <mask> was once again nominated for Outstanding Actor in a Comedy Series. Netflix confirmed that the entire cast of the show would be returning for a fifth season, which premiered on May 29, 2018 and concluded on March 15, 2019. In 2017, <mask> returned to television as both actor and director in the Netflix drama Ozark, in which he plays a financial advisor who must relocate his family to Missouri in order to launder money for a Mexican drug cartel. <mask>'s performance as Marty Byrde has drawn positive comparisons to Bryan Cranston's portrayal of Walter White in AMC's Breaking Bad. <mask> received praise for his acceptance speech after winning the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Drama Series for Ozark.In it he states, "So I just want to say to the people that are at home and not working as frequently as they want, you're just one job away. You're plenty talented. Hang in there". In 2021, <mask> played The Facts of Life'''s Tim Holifield in a reenactment of the third season episode "Kids Can Be Cruel" for the third edition of Live in Front of a Studio Audience. Film
In 2004, <mask> appeared in Dodgeball: A True Underdog Story as ESPN 8 ("The Ocho") commentator Pepper Brooks, and in Starsky & Hutch as Kevin, Vince Vaughn's business partner. He reunited with Vaughn in 2006's The Break-Up. In 2007, he played former lawyer Rupert "Rip" Reed alongside Ben Affleck in Smokin' Aces, and also starred in The Kingdom, Mr. Magorium's Wonder Emporium, and Juno.In 2008, he co-starred with Will Smith and Charlize Theron in the superhero film Hancock. <mask>'s 2009 films included Extract, written and directed by Mike Judge, and Couples Retreat, reuniting with Vaughn in a comedy chronicling four couples who partake in therapy sessions at a tropical island resort (Kristen Bell played his wife). In 2010, he starred in The Switch, a romantic comedy, with Jennifer Aniston. In 2011, he played the role of Special Agent Lorenzo Zoil in the comedy Paul, and starred in Horrible Bosses and The Change-Up. In March 2012, Mansome, <mask>'s first executive producer credit with Will Arnett, was announced as a Spotlight selection for the Tribeca Film Festival. The documentary, directed by Morgan Spurlock, is a comedic look at male identity as it is defined through men's grooming habits, featuring celebrity and expert commentary. He made a dramatic turn in 2012 with the thriller film Disconnect, and starred in the 2013 comedy film Identity Thief and the 2014 comedies This Is Where I Leave You and Horrible Bosses 2.He also narrated the 2014 documentary Pump. In 2015, <mask> headlined Joel Edgerton's thriller film The Gift, opposite Rebecca Hall and Edgerton. His production company Aggregate Films extended its deal with Universal. In 2013, <mask> made his feature film directorial debut with Bad Words, in which he also starred. He also directed and starred in an adaptation of The Family Fang. <mask> voiced Nick Wilde, the con artist fox in Zootopia. In 2018, he starred in and produced the action comedy film Game Night.His performance was widely praised and he received nominations for best performance by a comedic actor at the San Diego Film Critics Society Awards and the Critics' Choice Awards. <mask> features in the video for the Mumford and Sons song "Hopeless Wanderer". Podcast
In July 2020, <mask>, along with Will Arnett and Sean Hayes, created a comedy and talk podcast called SmartLess. Controversy
<mask>, along with Arrested Development co-stars David Cross and Tony Hale, was criticized for seemingly defending Jeffrey Tambor's volatile behavior on the set of Arrested Development. During a May 2018 cast interview for The New York Times, <mask> attempted to defuse the controversy by stating, "Again, not to belittle it or excuse it or anything, but in the entertainment industry it is incredibly common to have people who are, in quotes, 'difficult.' And when you’re in a privileged position to hire people... you learn about character and you learn about work habits, work ethics, and you start to understand. Because it's a very amorphous process, this sort of [expletive] that we do, you know, making up fake life.It's a weird thing, and it is a breeding ground for atypical behavior and certain people have certain processes". During the interview, Jessica Walter held back tears while speaking of Tambor (who was present), insisting that the two had made amends after the incident. "Verbally, yes, he (Tambor) harassed me, but he did apologize," she said, adding, "<mask> says this happens all the time. But, in like almost 60 years of working, I've never had anybody yell at me like that on a set. And it's hard to deal with, but I'm over it now. I just let it go right here... for The New York Times". Within days after the interview, all three men issued apologies to Walter.<mask> retrospectively stated he had overreached in his attempt to analyze the cause of Tambor's behavior. In an interview with Time, <mask> was quoted saying, "I always thought it's important for people to treat one another with respect at work, no matter what industry you're in. The whole experience has allowed me to do a lot of listening, and I continue that to this day". Personal life

In 1987, <mask> won the celebrity portion of the Long Beach Grand Prix. <mask> married Amanda Anka, daughter of singer Paul Anka, on July 3, 2001. They have two daughters. Throughout the 1990s, he struggled with an addiction to alcohol and drugs; he stated in a 2009 interview that, "I'd worked so hard that by the time I was 20, I wanted to play hard.And I did that really well... it was like Risky Business for ten years". <mask> is an avid fan of the Los Angeles Dodgers baseball team. Filmography

Awards and nominations

Notes

References

Further reading
 Dye, David. Child and Youth Actors: Filmography of Their Entire Careers, 1914-1985. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Co., 1988, p. 13. Holmstrom, John. The Moving Picture Boy: An International Encyclopaedia from 1895 to 1995''.Norwich, Michael Russell, 1996, p. 373. External links

 <mask> at Emmys.com

1969 births
Living people
20th-century American male actors
21st-century American male actors
Film producers from New York (state)
American male child actors
American male film actors
American male television actors
American male voice actors
American people of English descent
American film directors
American television directors
Annie Award winners
Audiobook narrators
Best Musical or Comedy Actor Golden Globe (television) winners
Male actors from New York (state)
People from Rye, New York
Male actors from Salt Lake City
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Drama Series Screen Actors Guild Award winners
Primetime Emmy Award winners

masks:
Jason Kent Bateman
Bateman
Bateman
Bateman
Kent Bateman
Bateman
Bateman
Bateman
Bateman
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Bateman
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Jason
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Jason Bateman


title: Derrick Bailey

type: original

texts:
Sir <mask>, 3rd Baronet, DFC (15 August 1918 – 19 June 2009) was the son of the South African entrepreneur Sir <mask> and of the pioneer aviator <mask>, and won fame for himself as a decorated Second World War pilot, a cricketer and a businessman. Inheriting his father's baronetcy in 1946 from his elder half-brother, he was known for the last 63 years of his life as Sir <mask>. Early life
Born at Marylebone in London, <mask> was Sir <mask>'s second son, and the first son of <mask>'s second marriage. He had a twin sister, Ann. <mask> was educated at Winchester College, where he was in the cricket eleven as a right-handed batsman in 1936. He also attended Christ Church, Oxford and played Minor Counties cricket for Oxfordshire in 1937, achieving some success as a medium-pace right-arm bowler, with 12 wickets, but less as a batsman, with a highest score of just 33 in nine innings. He played in the Oxford University Freshmen's trial match in 1937, scoring 53 in the second innings before retiring; though this was the joint highest score in the match, he was never picked for a full Oxford University team.<mask> served with the South African Irish Regiment and then with the South African Air Force during the Second World War. He was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross on 25 August 1944 for "gallantry and devotion to duty in the execution of air operations" flying with No. 223 Squadron RAF (later renumbered No. 30 Squadron, South African Air Force). First-class cricket
From 1948, <mask>, now resident as a farmer near Hereford, began playing cricket fairly regularly as a middle order batsman and medium-pace bowler for Gloucestershire's second eleven in the Minor Counties championship. In 1949, he made his first-class cricket debut in a heavy defeat for Gloucestershire away to Somerset at Taunton, batting at No 7, scoring 0 and 5, and not bowling. He then retained his place for the next five first team matches, though his record of 70 runs at a batting average of 8.75 runs per innings and a tally of just two wickets indicates little success.He was, however, awarded his county cap. He played – more as a batsman than as a bowler – for the second eleven later the same season, and continued in that fashion for the second team across 1950, until the match with Surrey's second eleven at the end of July 1950 when, with Gloucestershire facing a heavy defeat by that season's Minor Counties champions, <mask> opened the innings and scored an unbeaten 129 to save the match. That innings led to a recall to the first team and though <mask> again took time to make a mark, in his third match, the game against Worcestershire at Cheltenham, he saved Gloucestershire from defeat by making 54 in 70 minutes at a time when Worcestershire's fast bowlers were getting lift from the pitch. At the end of the 1950 season, Basil Allen, who had captained Gloucestershire in 1937–38 and from 1947 to 1950, retired, and Sir <mask> was appointed as his successor for the 1951 season, having been one of only a handful of amateur cricketers who had played for the county in the previous two years. Gloucestershire under <mask> in 1951 dropped from seventh in the County Championship to twelfth, but Wisden claimed that "statistics told only half the story". Injuries to bowlers and the retirement of Tom Goddard, mainstay of the bowling attack for the previous 20 years, disrupted the team. <mask>'s own performance earned praise from Wisden.His "advance" as a batsman was "satisfying" and "besides leading the side unobtrusively (he) set a great example by his courage and.. recorded his maiden century in first-class cricket". Injuries to batsmen meant that <mask> moved up and down the batting order: mostly he batted at No 6, but when opening batsmen were out of action, he opened the innings. His maiden century came in the second innings of a heavy defeat against Sussex at Hove; trailing by 273 after the first innings, <mask> promoted himself to No 3 for the second innings and made 111 "displaying special skill in strokes in front of the wicket". The 111 in the innings against Sussex remained <mask>'s highest score, but two weeks later, he made a second century, again batting at No 3, with 101 against Northamptonshire at Rushden when, said Wisden, he was the only Gloucestershire batsman to look "completely confident" against the off-spin of Sydney Starkie. Gloucestershire again lost the match. In the season as a whole, <mask> scored 1003 runs at an average of 30.39 runs per innings; he bowled only 31 overs all season and took just four wickets. <mask>'s second and final season as Gloucestershire captain was 1952.The team improved marginally to ninth in the County Championship and Wisden cited a "lack of batting solidity" as a reason why further success was not achieved. It added: "A point to be remembered was that Gloucestershire almost invariably tried to play attractively. Sometimes they were beaten when risking all to win. To strike the balance between enterprise and match-winning cricket is not always easy." <mask> himself was exonerated from criticism on lack of solidity: "<mask>'s defensive stubbornness was worth more than its numerical value." His own batting record was down on his 1951 figures: in the season as a whole he scored 864 runs at an average of 23.35 runs per innings and with a highest score of 82, made as an opening batsman in the match against Essex at Southend-on-Sea. At the end of the 1952 season, <mask> stood down from the captaincy and he did not appear again in first-class cricket.With no amateur available, Gloucestershire broke with tradition and appointed the senior professional player, Jack Crapp, as captain for the next two seasons. After cricket

 In later life, <mask> lived on Alderney in the Channel Islands. His interests there included the local airline, Aurigny Air Services, which he set up in 1968 when British United Airways pulled out of the Alderney to Guernsey route, the island's regular link with its neighbour. According to the obituary on the BBC Channel Islands website, the Aurigny airline's colours, with a yellow tail section on its planes, were chosen by <mask> in memory of his father's horse racing colours. He is succeeded to the baronetcy by his oldest son Sir <mask>, born Edinburgh. <mask> died at his home on Alderney on 19 June 2009. References

1918 births
2009 deaths
Gloucestershire cricketers
Gloucestershire cricket captains
Oxfordshire cricketers
Recipients of the Distinguished Flying Cross (United Kingdom)
Baronets in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom
People educated at Winchester College
Alumni of Christ Church, Oxford
South African Air Force personnel
English people of South African descent
English cricketers
British expatriates in South Africa

masks:
Derrick Thomas Louis Bailey
Abe Bailey
Dame Mary Bailey
Derrick Bailey
Derrick Bailey
Abe Bailey
Abe Bailey
Derrick Bailey
Bailey
Bailey
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Derrick Bailey
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John Bailey
Bailey


title: Harley Earl

texts:
<mask> (November 22, 1893 – April 10, 1969) was an American automotive designer and business executive. He was the initial designated head of design at General Motors, later becoming vice president, the first top executive ever appointed in design of a major corporation in American history. He was an industrial designer and a pioneer of modern transportation design. A coachbuilder by trade, <mask> pioneered the use of freeform sketching and hand sculpted clay models as automotive design techniques. He subsequently introduced the "concept car" as both a tool for the design process and a clever marketing device. <mask>'s Buick Y-Job was the first concept car. He started "Project Opel", which eventually became the Chevrolet Corvette, and he authorized the introduction of the tailfin to automotive styling.During World War II, he was an active contributor to the Allies' research and development program in advancing the effectiveness of camouflage. Early life
<mask> was born in Hollywood, California. His father, J. W<mask>, began work as a coachbuilder in 1889. The senior <mask> eventually changed his practice from horse-drawn vehicles to custom bodies and customized parts and accessories for automobiles, founding Earl Automobile Works in 1908. <mask> began studies at Stanford University, but left prematurely to work with, and learn from, his father at Earl Automotive Works. By this time, the shop was building custom bodies for Hollywood movie stars, including Roscoe "Fatty" Arbuckle and Tom Mix. General Motors

Earl Automotive Works was bought by Cadillac dealer Don Lee, who kept <mask> as director of its custom body shop.Lawrence P. Fisher, general manager of the Cadillac division who was one of the brothers who started Fisher Body, was visiting Cadillac dealers and distributors around the country, including Lee. Fisher met <mask> at Lee's dealership and observed him at work. Fisher, whose automotive career began with coachbuilder Fisher Body, was impressed with <mask>'s designs and methods, including the use of modeling clay to develop the forms of his designs. Fisher commissioned <mask> to design the 1927 LaSalle for Cadillac's companion marque. The success of the LaSalle convinced General Motors president Alfred P. Sloan to create the “Art and Colour Section” of General Motors, and to name <mask> as its first director. Prior to the establishment of the "Art and Colour Section", American automobile manufacturers did not assign any great importance to the appearance of automobile bodies. Volume manufacturers built bodies designed by engineers, guided only by functionality and cost.Many luxury-car manufacturers, including GM, did not make bodies at all, opting instead to ship chassis assemblies to a coachbuilder of the buyer's choice. The executives at General Motors at the time, including engineers, division heads, and sales executives, viewed <mask>'s conceptual ideas as flamboyant and unfounded. <mask> struggled to legitimize his design approach against the tradition- and production-oriented executives. As head of the newly formed "Art and Colour Section" in 1927,  he was initially referred to as one of the "pretty picture boys", and his design studio as being the "Beauty Parlor". In 1937, the "Art and Colour Section" was renamed the Styling Section. Sloan eventually promoted <mask>  to vice president, making him, to the best of Sloan's knowledge, the first styling person to be a VP at a large corporation. After the early 1930s, <mask> seldom drew sketches or did design work himself, usually functioning as an overlord who supervised GM stylists, although he would retain ultimate authority over the styling department until his retirement in 1958.Harley Earl and Sloan implemented "Dynamic Obsolescence" (essentially synonymous with planned obsolescence) and the "Annual Model Change", tying model identity to a specific year, to further position design as a driver for the company's product success. At the same time, <mask> was careful to not depart too radically from the previous year's styling to maintain a semblance of continuity. This practice also ensured that used GM cars had the highest resale values of any American automotive make. <mask> also avoided extreme or radical styling choices that would become dated quickly and alienate conservative-minded customers. These ideas are largely taken for granted today, but were unusual at the time. Buick Y-Job

In 1939, the Styling Division, under <mask>'s instruction, styled and built the Buick Y-Job, the motor industry's first concept car. While many one-off custom automobiles had been made before, the Y-job was the first car built by a mass manufacturer for the sole purpose of determining the public's reaction to new design ideas.After being shown to the public, the Y-job became <mask>'s daily driver. It was succeeded by the 1951 General Motors Le Sabre concept car. Camouflage research
In 1942, during World War II, <mask> established a camouflage research and training division at General Motors, one consequence of which was a 22-page document called Camouflage Manual for General Motors Camouflage. A decade before, two former World War I camouflage artists, Harold Ledyard Towle (a U.S. Army camoufleur) and McClelland Barclay (who created the Fisher Body ads, and contributed to U.S. Navy camouflage during both World Wars) had worked as designers at General Motors. Among <mask>'s apprentices was English designer David Jones, who worked at its British division at Vauxhall Motors and served in the camouflage section of the Royal Engineers during World War II. Tailfins

Harley <mask> authorized the Frank Hershey design for the 1948 Cadillac, which incorporated the first automotive tailfin. Many of the new 1948-49 cars such as Hudson, Nash, and Lincoln adopted fastback or ponton "bathtub" styling.Although <mask> considered this for Cadillac, he ultimately decided against it and went for a more sweeping aircraft-inspired look. This decision would prove a wise one as bathtub styling, a concept rooted in late 1930s-early 1940s design trends, quickly became dated. The styling of the 1948 Cadillac would prove far more predictive of 1950s trends and secured GM's place at the cutting edge of automotive design. Inspiration for the fins came from the Lockheed P-38 Lightning, but it extended beyond the war, during the age when space rockets captured the popular imagination in the 1950s and 1960s. The style caught on throughout Detroit and eventually led to competition between <mask> and his counterpart at Chrysler, Virgil Exner, over the size and complexity of tailfins, culminating with those on the 1959 Cadillac models. Chevrolet Corvette

Influenced by the English and European sports cars being raced on road racing circuits after World War II, <mask> decided that General Motors needed to make a sports car. Design work on "Project Opel" began as a secret project.He first offered the project to Chevrolet general manager Ed Cole. Cole accepted the project without hesitation, and the car was offered to the public in 1953 as the Chevrolet Corvette. Succession
<mask> retired in 1958 upon reaching the then-mandatory retirement age of 65. His final project was overseeing the design of 1960–62 models. He was succeeded as vice-president with responsibility for the Design and Styling Department by Bill Mitchell, under whose leadership GM design became less ornamental. Before <mask> retired, General Motors became the largest corporation in the world, and design was acknowledged as the leading sales factor within the automotive industry. Death and legacy
<mask> suffered a stroke and died in West Palm Beach, Florida, on April 10, 1969.He was 75 years old. He is remembered as the first styling chief in the United States automobile industry, the originator of clay modeling of automotive designs, the wraparound windshield, the hardtop sedan, factory two-tone paint, and tailfins. He said in 1954, "My primary purpose for twenty-eight years has been to lengthen and lower the American automobile, at times in reality and always at least in appearance." The extremely low and long American cars of the 1960s and 1970s show the extent to which <mask> influenced an entire industry and culture. He was inducted into the Automotive Hall of Fame in 1986. One of his concept car designs, the turbine-powered Firebird I, is reproduced in miniature on the Harley J. Earl Trophy, which goes to the winner of the season-opening Daytona 500 NASCAR race. <mask> was used in a brief advertising campaign for Buick, particularly during its reconstruction period between 2001 and 2002.Actor John Diehl, portraying <mask> (or his ghost) was used to symbolize the importance of design in Buick's cars, or as the advertisements put it, the "Spirit of American Style". A fedora was often used as an <mask> icon in these advertisements despite photos of <mask> wearing a hat being quite uncommon. In a December 1999 special section in the Detroit Free Press, <mask> was ranked the third most significant Michigan artist of the 20th century, behind Aretha Franklin and Stevie Wonder. See also
NASCAR National Commissioner
Eugene Turenne Gregorie
1950s American automobile culture

References

Bibliography

 Gartman, David (1994), “<mask> and the Art and Color Section: The Birth of Styling at General Motors,” Design Issues vol. 10, no. 2, pages 3–26
 Temple, David (2016), The Cars of Harley Earl, Forest Lake, MN, USA: CarTech Inc., . 1893 births
1969 deaths
General Motors designers
American automobile designers
NASCAR commissioners
People from Hollywood, Los Angeles
General Motors people
Automotive businesspeople

masks:
Harley Jarvis Earl
Earl
Earl
Harley Earl
. Earl
Earl
Earl
Harley Earl
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Harley Earl
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Harley Earl


title: Klaus M. Leisinger

texts:
<mask><mask> (born 6 February 1947 in Lörrach) is a social scientist and economist. <mask><mask> is founder and president of the Global Values Alliance in Basel. Until 2012 he was Managing Director and Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the Novartis Foundation (formerly Novartis Foundation for Sustainable Development) in Basel, Switzerland. Biography
<mask><mask> was born in Lörrach in 1947. He studied economics and social sciences at the University of Basel (Switzerland). He did his doctoral theses in development studies and his habilitation treatise on “Health Policy for Least Developed Countries.” His professional career took him for several years to East Africa as CEO of the former Ciba Pharmaceuticals regional office. After his return to headquarters in Switzerland, he was responsible for the company’s international relations.He was profoundly engaged in corporate responsibility issues and actively promoted a corporate culture of dialogue with stakeholders in international policy, development cooperation and business ethics. From 1996 until February 2012, <mask> was President and Managing Director of the Novartis Foundation, formerly the Novartis Foundation for Sustainable Development, which is funded by the pharmaceutical company Novartis. In September 2013, he stepped down as Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the Novartis Foundation. Under the leadership of <mask>, the Novartis Foundation united and embodied the historical commitment to corporate philanthropy of the Basel chemical industry and earned consultative status with the UN ECOSOC. Its comprehensive, stakeholder-oriented development policy approach and the social development and healthcare program results in cooperation with partners became a professional resource and private-sector model for significant institutions and organizations (such as the World Bank, the UNDP, UNICEF, the Asian Development Bank, the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation). <mask> is also Professor of Sociology at the University of Basel, where he pursues research and teaches a wide range of topics related to international development and health policy as well as business ethics, corporate responsibility, and business and human rights. He has widely contributed to the academic debate through articles in peer reviewed journals and books in several languages.He served as an invited lecturer at several European universities, as well as the University of Notre Dame, the MIT Sloan School of Management (Cambridge), DePaul University and the Harvard University. He is a member of the European Academy of Sciences and Arts and was awarded an honorary doctorate in Theology by the University of Fribourg (Switzerland) in November 2004. He has held numerous advisory positions in organizations such as the UN Global Compact, the United Nations Development Program (UNDP), the World Bank and the World Economic Forum (Global Agenda on Human Rights). In addition, he is president of the Board of Trustees of the German Network of Business Ethics, a member of the advisory council of <mask>'s Ethical Globalization Initiative (EGI) and a member of the Board of the United Nations Association of Germany (DGNV). Kofi Annan appointed <mask>er Special Advisor to the United Nations Secretary General for the UN Global Compact. This mandate ended with Kofi Annan’s tenure on 31 December 2006. <mask> was a member of the high-level Commission on Information and Accountability for Women’s and Children's Health.Until 2012, he served as the Co-Chairman of the Digital Health Initiative – a unique multi-stakeholder collaboration between the ICT and healthcare sectors to implement the Millennium Development Goals. He is also a member of the Broadband Commission for Digital Development, the steering committee of the UN Global Compact’s LEAD Initiative, and the UN ECOSOC Development Cooperation Forum. He is the chairman of the Board of Trustees of the German Network Business Ethics, and a member of the Executive Committee of the German Society for the United Nations. In November 2014, Leisinger was appointed member of the "Leadership Council" by the Sustainable Development Solutions Network (led by Prof. Jeffery Sachs, Earth Institute, Columbia University, New York). For his "Outstanding Contribution" in the fight against leprosy, Leisinger received the 2012 Republic of Korea Hansen Grand Award on 4 December 2012. In 2015, Leisinger accepted the invitation to serve as a member of a research consortium (TRUST) financed by the European Commission (Horizon 2020). The focus of his work is to help develop in a stakeholder-oriented approach a code of conduct for responsible research, particularly in the context of clinical trials of pharmaceutical corporations in low- and middle income countries.In 2016 <mask> was invited by the Pontifical Academia Scientiarum to join the core steering group of the initiative Ethics in Action, aimed at promoting integral human and sustainable development, in response to Pope Francis’ encyclical Laudato Si’. Specialist areas/fields of research
He pursues his academic research and practical field work in the areas of corporate responsibility of companies in developing countries, corporate ethics, access to medicines for those living in poverty and international development cooperations, the provision of medicines for those living in poverty and corporate responsibilities for the implementation of the Agenda 2030 for Sustainable Development. He also contributes to the discourse on “Business and Human Rights”. Works/publications
<mask><mask> has written and published numerous publications in several languages. His recent works include:

 Unternehmensethik. Globale Verantwortung und Modernes Management, C.H. Beck, München 1997, ; also published in Brazil as Etica Empresarial.Responsabilidade global a gerenciamento moderno, Editora Vozes, Petropolis 2001 (co-author Karin M. Schmitt). Die Sechste Milliarde. Weltbevölkerungswachstum und Nachhaltige Entwicklung. With a foreword of the former executive director of UNFPA, Dr. Nafis Sadik, C.H. Beck, München 1999, . Six Billion and Counting: Population Growth and Food Security in the 21st century. In: Johns Hopkins University Press / IFPRI, Baltimore / Washington D.C 2002; also published in Chinese, 3rd edition, Beijing, 2003 (co-authors: Karin Schmitt and Rajul Pandya-Lorch).Corporate Ethics in a Time of Globalization (co-author and publisher Karin M. Schmitt) Sarvodaya Vishca Lekha Publishers, Colombo 2003, . Whistleblowing and Corporate Reputation Management, Rainer Hampp Verlag (sfwu, Schriftenreihe für Wirtschafts- und Unternehmensethik), München und Mering 2003, . Ethik im Management (published with Hans Ruh), Orell Füssli, Zürich 2004, . Holzwege für den aufrechten Gang. Christliche Werte als Handlungsorientierung für unternehmerische Entscheidungen. In: Freiburger Zeitschrift für Philosophie und Theologie, Academic Press Fribourg, volume 52, edition 3 (2005), p. 628-679. Capitalism with a Human Face.The UN Global Compact. In: The Journal of Corporate Citizenship, 28th edition (2007), p. 113-132. Corporate philanthropy: The "top of the pyramid". In: Business and Society Review, volume 112, 3rd edition (2007), p. 315-342. Zur Relevanz der Unternehmensethik in der Betriebswirtschaftslehre. In: Schmalenbachs Zeitschrift für betriebswirtschaftliche Forschung, special edition 58 / 8 October 2008, p. 26-49. Corporate Responsibilities for Access to Medicines.In: Journal of Business Ethics, volume 85, 1st edition (2009), p. 3ff. On Corporate Responsibility for Human Rights. In: Spitzeck H. /Pirson M. / Amann W. / Khan S. / Kimakowitz E.v. (EDS. ): Humanism in Business, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2009, p. 175-203. The Role of Corporations in Shaping Globalization with a Human Face. In: Straus J.(Ed. ): The Role of Law and Ethics in the Globalized Economy, Springer, Heidelberg 2009, p. 27-48. Manifest Globales Wirtschaftsethos. Konsequenzen und Herausforderungen für die Weltwirtschaft. Manifesto Global Economic Ethic. Consequences and Challenges for Global Businesses. München: dtv 2010, together with Küng, H., Wieland, J..Poverty, Diseases, and Medicines in Low-and Middle-Income Countries: The Roles and Responsibilities of Pharmaceutical Corporations. In Business & Professional Ethics Journal Vol.31 (2012) No.1, 135 - 185. Corporate Responsibility and Corporate Philanthropy (with Karin Schmitt), June 2012 UN Development Cooperation Forum
 Global Values for Global Development (September 2014) Working Paper for the Sustainable Development Solutions Network
 Corporate Sustainability, Global Values and Pluralistic Societies: What can we know? What ought we to do? What may we hope? Corporate Responsibility in a World of Cultural Diversity and Pluralism of Values, Journal of International Business Ethics, Vol.8 No.2 2015, pp 9 – 36

For more publications see http://www.globalewerteallianz.ch/en/publications/

References

External links
 Novartis Foundation
 UN Global Compact
 Manifesto Global Economic Ethic
 Global economic ethic
 Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
 Business & Human Rights

Swiss social scientists
Swiss economists
Living people
1947 births
Members of the European Academy of Sciences and Arts

masks:
Klaus M
. Leisinger
Klaus M
. Leisinger
Klaus M
. Leisinger
Leisinger
Klaus Leisinger
Klaus Leisinger
Mary Robinson
Klaus Leising
Klaus Leisinger
Klaus Leisinger
Klaus M
. Leisinger


title: David Levy (Israeli politician)

texts:
<mask> (, born 21 December 1937) is an Israeli politician who served as a member of the Knesset between 1969 and 2006, as well as Deputy Prime Minister, Minister of Foreign Affairs, Minister of Immigrant Absorption, Minister of Housing and Construction and as a Minister without Portfolio. Although most of his time as a Knesset member was spent with Likud, he also led the breakaway Gesher faction, which formed part of Ehud Barak's Labor-led government between 1999 and 2001. Biography
<mask> was born in Rabat, Morocco. He immigrated to Israel in 1957. His first jobs in Israel were planting trees for the Jewish National Fund and picking cotton on a kibbutz, where he organized a strike to protest the quality of drinking water for the workers. He went on to become a leader of Beit She'an's working-class population. As a union activist, he campaigned for membership in the Histadrut Labour Federation's executive body, which was dominated by loyalists of the governing Mapai.<mask> headed the opposition Blue-White faction. <mask> is married and the father of twelve children, including politician Orly <mask>. Political career
Until 1973 Likud had been an alliance of the right-wing Herut and centrist Liberal parties known as Gahal, which had never had an active role in governing Israel and had always been a weak opposition. <mask> distinguished himself as the first of many young working-class members of the party from a Mizrahi (Oriental) background. Until then Herut and the Liberals had been both dominated by right-wing upper-class or upper-middle-class intellectuals, businessmen, agriculturalists, or lawyers. <mask>'s rise expressed the surging power of the new rebellion of the Mizrahi Israeli. In 1977, <mask> became one of the most strident campaigners in Likud leader Menachem Begin's triumphant campaign that overturned the 30-year domination of Israeli elections by parties of the left.He drove hundreds of thousands of Mizrahi voters to the polls to vote for Begin, whose populist messages struck a chord in their hearts after the three decades of almost completely Ashkenazic Mapai hegemony. Ministerial positions

From 1977 until 1981, <mask> was Minister of Immigrant Absorption in the first two Begin governments. At this time the largest issues he dealt with during his tenure in that ministry were the campaign to liberate Soviet Jews confined to the USSR, and the controversy over the Beta Israel, a group from Ethiopia that had still not received total recognition as Jews at that time. <mask>'s more important role in government began during the formation of Begin's rightist government when the Democratic Movement for Change resigned. On 15 January 1979 he was given the Ministry of Housing and Construction, a post he invested a great deal of time in. <mask> held the ministry until 1990, and his policies are controversial for their repeated concessions to the settler movements, which the opposition Labour Party branded pure politicking. As Housing Minister <mask> was able to make housing more affordable (radical inflation in 1984 produced a crisis as property and rent values plummeted along with the Israeli shekels).While rival Likud members like Defence Minister Ariel Sharon and Health Minister Ehud Olmert were hit by controversies regarding abuse of their positions, and repeated finance ministers fell, <mask> remained stable in the Housing Ministry. Through the governments of Begin, Yitzhak Shamir, and Shimon Peres he remained untouchable. <mask> was the symbolic leader of the young Mizrahi Likud leaders that included former Kiryat Malakhi mayor Moshe Katzav, later President of Israel, and <mask>, mayor of neighbouring Kiryat Gat. In the Likud Central Committee, <mask> commanded a huge portion of the members, and was considered a true candidate to succeed Shamir. In 1987, he met Benjamin Netanyahu, then the Israeli ambassador to the United Nations. <mask> viewed Netanyahu as a potential spokesman for him in the Knesset, as he was viewed as a master at rhetoric and debating during his career as a diplomat. Netanyahu turned down <mask>'s offer and became a nominal ally of then-Defense Minister Moshe Arens (his former boss when Arens was Ambassador to the United States in the early 1980s).<mask>'s career was harmed by his perceived pompousnessand shifting policies in regards to the peace process. <mask>, who speaks Hebrew, French, and Moroccan Arabic, was not fluent in English, which became an impediment in talks with the Americans. <mask>'s candidacy was supposed to rejuvenate the Likud's Mizrahi voting base, and form a hawkish working class opposition to Labour. <mask>'s policies on the peace question was moderate relative to Ariel Sharon, Moshe Arens, and almost all other senior Likud figures. Again he ran parallel to Benjamin Netanyahu. At that time, right-wing Israelis were launching a long opposition plan to the new prime minister, Yitzhak Rabin (Labour). Netanyahu took a hard-line stand, describing a doomsday scenario of terror at the doorstep of every Israeli.<mask> refused to accept Netanyahu as the new Likud chairman. The result was the establishment of Gesher ("Bridge"), <mask>'s own political party. <mask> believed he could draw a mass defection from the Likud of parliament members, and such a disaster would lead senior party members in the Central Committee into a panic that would topple Benjamin Netanyahu. What instead occurred was that only <mask>, a Moroccan politician and former mayor of Kiryat Gat who served as Minister of Economics and Planning in the last Shamir government, broke with the Likud. Though many of Gesher's members were derided by the press as lackeys of <mask>, Magen later broke with <mask> to join the Center Party in 1998 (then known as "Israel in the Center"). By Winter 1996, <mask> was beginning to break under the stress of his first election campaign outside of the Likud. Since the 4 November 1995 murder of Rabin, Netanyahu was frantically trying to moderate his image from a hard-line demagogue into a skeptic who wanted to slow the pace of concessions to PLO leader Yasser Arafat.<mask>'s inclusion would somewhat bring him closer to that goal without forcing him to take a clear stand in favour of the Oslo Accords. The opposition leader was trying to bridge the gap by recruiting the hard-line Tzomet ("Junction") party of Gen. Rafael Eitan on the right, as well as the moderate right-wing Gen. Yitzhak Mordechai in the center. Throughout the spring, Netanyahu and <mask> held negotiations, and in the end <mask> agreed to establish Likud–Gesher–Tzomet, a joint three-party list for the May 1996 elections. Though the broad-based coalition at the end of the outgoing Knesset included 37 members (three Tzomet members defected earlier to join Rabin's government) even threatened Labour, which had lost two members to Avigdor Kahalani's The Third Way, a group opposed to any compromise on the Golan Heights. Though a massive success for Netanyahu, the 1996 elections gained little for <mask> in terms of power within Likud–Gesher–Tzomet. The real no. 2 leader in the Likud was now Mordechai, and the right-wing character of the government was clear from the start.<mask> also demanded the Foreign Ministry, which he received, even without being blunted by a deputy. He believed that this way he could remain totally in control of the ministry, but instead he was again overshadowed by Netanyahu, who controlled almost every important foreign policy decision during his term. <mask> was given the post of Deputy Minister of Finance, under Prof. Yuval Ne'eman. The Bar-On Affair, an attempt to alter the investigation of Shas leader Aryeh Deri, created tension amongst the partners. On 6 January 1998 <mask> quit the coalition along with former ambassador to France and Channel 2 chairman Yehuda Lancry and his brother and former Lod mayor Maxim. Gesher was once again totally independent, and <mask> drifted closer to the policies of the Labour Party and opposition leader Ehud Barak. <mask>er into One Israel, and became a partner in the new coalition's leadership.With the new system of direct election of the prime minister, and a separate election of the Knesset, the number of parties elected to the body increased markedly in 1999 from eleven to fifteen, and the number would only grow as parties subdivided due to political tensions. The winning faction, One Israel, took only 26 seats, a record low for a governing party, though Barak won 56% of the direct vote for prime minister. Netanyahu's Likud was crushed as expected, winning only 19 seats and leading to his immediate resignation from the Knesset and public life. <mask> once again was chosen to be foreign minister, with his deputy being Nawaf Mazalha (One Israel), an Arab Israeli. <mask> was for the third time a passive partner as foreign minister. He quit the coalition in April 2000 in response to Barak's attempts to move peace negotiations forward and in protest to the announced plan to withdraw Israeli military forces from Lebanon. <mask> was the first minister in Barak's government to resign when his demands were not met.He reformed Gesher along with <mask> and rookie legislator Mordechai Mishani. In February 2002 One Nation quit Sharon's government to protest his economic policies. Their leader, Histadrut Labour Federation chairman Amir Peretz. <mask>'s position for the elections for the 16th Knesset was precarious. <mask> left Gesher and moved back to the Likud. Etty (Estee) Shiraz, the party's head of communications at that time, was elected as the head of Gesher instead of <mask>, and led Gesher in the elections to the 16th Knesset. <mask> and his supporters objected in the petition to prevent Shiraz and the rest of Gesher members from continuing the party's activity, and asked to dissolve the party and relate to his move as a merge of his political party in its entirety.The struggle continued years later, while Shiraz and other members of the party are trying to rebuild Gesher and transform it into a modern social party appealing to Israel's young generation of academics and professionals, and <mask> and his supporters seeking to dismantle it. <mask> was elected as a member of the 16th Knesset but did not get a realistic place on the Likud list in the election to the 17th Knesset and disappeared from the political arena. Following the Kadima split, <mask> failed to acquire a high position on Likud's Knesset list, and as a result of this lost his seat at the 2006 election. Awards and recognition
In 2018, <mask> won the Israel Prize for lifetime achievement. References

1937 births
Living people
People from Rabat
20th-century Moroccan Jews
Moroccan emigrants to Israel
Israeli Jews
Members of the 7th Knesset (1969–1974)
Members of the 8th Knesset (1974–1977)
Members of the 9th Knesset (1977–1981)
Members of the 10th Knesset (1981–1984)
Members of the 11th Knesset (1984–1988)
Members of the 12th Knesset (1988–1992)
Members of the 13th Knesset (1992–1996)
Members of the 14th Knesset (1996–1999)
Members of the 15th Knesset (1999–2003)
Members of the 16th Knesset (2003–2006)
Gahal politicians
Likud politicians
Gesher (political party) politicians
Leaders of political parties in Israel
One Israel politicians
Ministers of Foreign Affairs of Israel
People from Beit She'an

masks:
David Levy
David Levy
Levy
David Levy
Levy
Levy
Levy
Levy
Levy
Levy
Levy
Levy
Levy
Levy
David Magen
Levy
Levy
Levy
Levy
Levy
Levy
Levy
Levy
Levy
Levy
David Magen
Levy
Levy
Levy
Levy
Levy
Levy
Levy
Levy
David Magen
David Levy
Levy
Levyesh
Levy
Levy
Levy
Maxim Levy
Levy
Levy
David Levy
Levy
David Levy
Levy
Levy
David Levy


title: Chittrovanu Mazumdar

texts:
<mask> (born 13 October 1956) is a contemporary Indian artist of Bengali-Indian and French descent. <mask> has been described as a "conceptual artist" and a "post-structuralist" while some critics consider it difficult to classify his oeuvre into a single artistic tradition or even into any consistent genre of his own. Mazudmar has referred to himself as an "expressionist painter" but has also said he generally prefers not to use "a particular word to qualify" his work because it comprises different kinds of media and forms, and that art is more interesting when fully given over to the viewer's own experience rather than constrained by the prescriptive power of labels. Born in Paris, Mazumder spent most of his childhood in Kolkata and in a remote area in rural Jharkhand. He received his initial art education from his father, the renowned Indian Modernist painter <mask> (1916 –1982) and later, at the Calcutta Government College of Art & Craft. He first rose to prominence as a painter in the 1980s and 1990s and transitioned to installation work in the mid to late 1990s. He has often collaborated with Seagull Publications to design books and with Kolkata-based theater groups to design performance spaces.As of January 2015, he lives and works primarily in Kolkata and is associated with the 1X1 Gallery in Dubai. Major exhibitions of his work have been presented in Dubai, Kolkata, London, Mumbai, New Delhi, New York, Palo Alto, Paris, Rome, Singapore and Salzburg, among other places. His paintings are housed in the National Gallery of Modern Art in New Delhi and in several private collections internationally. Early life and education
<mask> <mask> was born into a racially and culturally mixed family of artists and scholars. His mother <mask> was French and his father, Nirode <mask>, a stalwart of 20th Century Indian Modern art and a founding member of the Calcutta Group, was Bengali Indian. Noted painter and art educator Shanu Lahiri and renowned Bengali novelist Kamal Kumar Majumdar were his paternal aunt and uncle, respectively. <mask> was born in Paris, but spent the bulk of his childhood in Kolkata and in a tiny village in Jharkhand (then part of Bihar).He grew up in a trilingual household and read extensively in all three of his native languages (Bengali, French, and English). The eclectic nature of his cultural and intellectual heritage has significantly informed his work later in life. Poet and art critic Ranjit Hoskote has written that <mask>an as well as the Calcutta Group." Until he was about 12 years old, when he attended the Patha Bhavan School in Kolkata,
<mask> was sent to a village school held in a little bamboo hut because his "father thought it would be good for [him]". He later studied art at the Calcutta Government College of Art & Craft, graduating at the top of his class in 1981. Prior to attending art college, he was taught by his father, whom he also cites as a significant creative influence. Work
<mask> began his professional life as a painter.His first solo show was presented in Kolkata in 1985 at the Academy of Fine Arts by Seagull Foundation for the Arts, which went on to present a dozen solo exhibitions by him throughout India over the next decade and a half. In 1991 he became the third artist in history to be invited to present at the Durbar Hall at Victoria Memorial in Kolkata. During this period, he also established his international reputation through major group exhibitions in Asia, Europe, the UAE and the United States. His first solo exhibit outside of India was presented in New York at the Bose Pacia Modern Gallery in 1997. Since then, <mask>'s work has been shown in twelve solo exhibitions and thirteen group exhibitions in India and abroad. In 2004, Seagull Foundation for the Arts presented his sprawling, multi-sensory installed environment New Work in an abandoned apartment building in a crowded Kolkata neighbourhood. In 2009, 1x1 Art Gallery of Dubai presented another ambitious project, the critically acclaimed undated: Nightskin.In 2012, Nightskin, which had been specifically tailored to its exhibit space, was adapted for and recreated in a space that comprised Mazudar's Kolkata studio at Ho Chi Minh Sarani and extended into the Harrington Street Arts Centre located on a floor above the studio in the same building (the new iteration of the work was titled ...and undated: Nightskin). In the summer of 2014, his expansive three month solo exhibit And what is left unsaid… was held in the Museum of Contemporary Art of Rome (commonly known as "MACRO"). Form and style
<mask>'s paintings are sometimes created on very large canvases and the visual elements are often constructed in layers, creating the effect of being visible and shrouded at the same time. Fragmented images, collaged text and pictures, mythical iconography, abstracted and literal figuration are all built on top of each other, crowding together, yet appearing to be on separate planes of “translucent and opaque paint.”

In the early to mid 1990s, although still largely focused on painting, <mask> was experimenting with different technologies and the use of three dimensional spaces. He collaborated on designing theater spaces, where he developed some of his technique and ideas for using sound, lighting, moving parts, digital media, and also the architectural elements, contours and traversable spaces of the exhibition venue itself. Since the late 1990s, <mask> has worked mostly in multimedia installations. He has continued to produce a large number of discrete paintings, but these are usually incorporated into the larger entity of the exhibition as a whole.In some shows, he has taken groups of multiple paintings (displayed in a traditional gallery-space configuration) as well as the entire room containing the display, and turned these into components of the larger installation. <mask>'s installations employ a wide range of technologies and materials. He has used painted canvas and paper, poured industrial tar, mercury coated cups, aluminum reflectors, rubber, wood, wax, engine oil, brocaded textile, masonry, gold, iron, steel, motorized and mechanical devices, light bulbs, filtered light, video, CGI, soundtracks (including recognizable strands of music and recited poetry as well as human screams, traffic sounds, and jumbled noises), and massive freestanding structures such as metal towers with embedded digital content. In part because of the variety, <mask>'s works have tended to defy categories. They are usually loosely characterized as installations or sculpted environments, but the artist himself refrains from attaching any single label to them. He says "there are paintings, sculptures, sound and light installations. Each piece tends to cross over to a new field, forcing the viewer to shift his/her position constantly."Subjects and themes

Critical reception
Business Standard calls him "one of the foremost artists of his generation." Celebrated painter M. F. Hussain, who once described <mask> as one of India's "most dynamic younger artists," later said of his work "underlying his many shifts in medium, form and style over the years is a sensual intensity that reaches past the clever and the quick to probe deep layers of the human experience in all its tragi-comic universality - archetype, myth, memory, desire, betrayal, longing, ecstasy, pain." Poet and art critic Ranjit Hoskote says <mask>'s work inspires "a visual and conceptual excitement – a heightened, even epiphanic extension of the senses… now rarely felt in exhibitions of contemporary art. In sacrificing conceptual depth for surface flamboyance, in confusing truism with idea, in mistaking fashion for formal progress, many younger Indian artists have lost their way in a labyrinth where each forked path leads to discovery or a dead end. <mask>, by contrast, has never lost sight of the vital connection between reflection and practice, self-expression and self-critique; he values hesitancy, the creative rupture of one’s own certitude, over the reckless speed of unmediated production." Soumitra Das of The Telegraph found the 2012 installation … and undated: Nightskin to be "matured and transformed into an aesthetic realization of his ideas of transience, mutability and of night being the matrix of creativity" in comparison to his earlier works from the 1990s, which Das found to be "gimmicky" in their use of "giant canvases… electric lights and other theatrical props." Reviewing <mask>'s Installation New Work (Kolkata, 2004), writer Aveek Sen wrote that "the work teeters on the verge of great clichés….But then, "how clear is the line that separates great clichés of art from its great themes?" Notable works

New Work

undated: Nightskin

<mask>'s seminal work undated: Nightskin, debuted in Dubai in 2009 and was adapted and recreated as …and undated: Nightskin in Kolkata in 2012. The original Dubai installation was presented in a large warehouse and used the exhibition space and the surrounding desert landscape as elements of the work. The Kolkata edition was housed in Mazudar's studio at Ho Chi Minh Sarani and extended into the Harrington Street Arts Centre located on a floor above the studio. The exhibition stretched across two floors and included photographs, multimedia installations, tall towers (some of which were covered in lush, textured layers made of fabric), oils leaking out of boxes, and projections of video,

masks:
Chittrovanu Mazumdar
Mazumdar
Nirode Mazumdar
Chittrovanu
Mazumdar
Marguerite Mazumdar
Mazumdar
Mazumdar
Mazumdarket
Mazumdar
Mazumdar
Mazumdar
Mazumdar
Mazumdar
Mazumdar
Mazumdar
Mazumdar
Mazumdar
Mazumdar
Mazumdar
Mazumdar
Mazumdar


title: Chittrovanu Mazumdar

texts:
 light, and sound. One reviewer described a "crate smok[ing] like an overheated engine which might catch fire at any moment, but close inspection reveals the smoke as vapour." One room had stark white walls on which were hung a series of prints titled "One Square Kilometre" showing the decomposing carcass of a calf, photographed over a period of five days.Another room contained "large screens on which streams a restless flow of images and sound, interspersed with text." There was also a large, dark, vaulted chamber, which was intermittently illuminated with sudden flashes of rotating, coloured beams of light. In this chamber were "looming black metal towers and huge, squat black metal boxes. Moutned on wheels, yet unmoving." Video images showed burning fires, flowing waters, a sleeping girl, "banks of flowers" in brilliant hues, some primary colours, some metallic. A soundtrack with layers of indistinct words, music, and muffled noises was heard. There were aperture-like mechanical components, opening and closing, smoke, viscous liquids seeping out of boxes, and partially open windows "containing small, digital prints of natural, organic textures and materials – body parts or flowers of soil."Nightskin constructed various spaces of "night", including images of large, twilight landscapes and intimate, trancelike moments of half-sleep. It evoked images that were alternatively comforting (like a "womb" or a "boudoir") and suffocating (like looking "down through bars at videos of people, as if they are trapped"). British historian and journalist, Lucian Harris, wrote that the work captured the moment of transition from day to night when the "equilibrium of light and dark dissolves all matter before it is recast in the skin of the night" and contemplated the "many layered mysteries of the night" that are allowed to emerge once the harsh world of daylight has been left behind "like a snake, lithe and glistening as it sheds the brittle corset of its dying scales." The project was widely praised for its technical and methodological achievement. Soumitra Das of The Telegraph wrote "Mazumdar could not have created this daedal overlay of optic and aural sensations by simply wishing it would happen. It is obvious that meticulous planning went into it." Das speculated about the time and effort required to paint, sculpt, photograph, arrange the music, and other such usual types of creative work, but also for "hanging at least a hundred framed pictures from the ceiling, rigging up a panel encrusted with the tiny bells of a ghunghru that start jangling in unison from time to time, putting together and installing those sinister, tall black ‘cupboards’ on wheels... punctuated with ‘windows’ embedded with... images, and making sure that the louvres open up and close to reveal just enough of the videos with the regularity of the respiratory system."In an interview to The Statesman, <mask> said that Nightskin took almost five years to complete. Nightskin raises questions about the self, memory, conventions of art, and the significance of artists. According to Harris, it interrogates various ways of perceiving reality. Everything is highly evocative and also seems to exist in a literal and representational way, but on closer inspection, nothing is quite what it seems. The images and even the physical objects and substances (flowers, smoke, some unidentified "viscous liquid") reveal themselves to be something quite different. Harris also writes that "Revelation is a particularly pervasive theme of <mask>’s installation. Hinged doors conceal imbedded video screens, still photographs and paintings, opening up like medieval icons.Throughout the whole arrangement is the invitation to explore, to touch, to get beneath the skin and peel away the layers, the process every bit as charged as what is uncovered. Soon we are absorbed in the motifs that guide us through Mazumdar’s subconscious mind, mapping his memories with reference to whole panoply of senses." Pranabranjan Ray sums up his experience of Nightskin as one of "awe and wonder...inspired by the scale of the constructions, and ...the ingenious yet unobtrusive nature of the constructions." Ray says "the language <mask> constructs is not for the generation of meaning, but for the evocation of feelings, both physiological and psychological. This makes <mask> a romantic artist, in the best sense of the term, although his process of realisation is deceptively postmodern. The sensation-boggling experience of the trip and the overwhelming perceptual after-effects defy categorisation." And what is left unsaid...The River
Mazumdar's installation "the River" was displayed as part of the Kochi-Muziris Biennale  exhibition of contemporary art in Kochi, Kerala, during the 2016 edition. The program was curated by Artist Sudarshan Shetty, whose vision for the edition was to present works that “create multiple, layered worlds and urge viewers to move between them.”

The River (nicknamed "River of Ideas" by the exhibition), is a multi-room exhibit at the Aspinwall House, which features a series of journeys for the viewer, starting with a black metal tunnel “made dangerous with hanging, exposed wires," according to one reviewer,  and, in the center of it, a bridge over simulated fires made of incandescent light bulbs. There are rooms with video projections of water, leaves and “decay” on the floor as well as a video of the river Ganga flowing inside of a book. The work was “inspired by mythical accounts of India as the land of seven rivers” and expresses in a new way, the elements of motion, transition, transience, and memory that are often present in <mask>'s art. In discussing the beginnings of the project, he describes a conversation with curator Sudarshan Shetty, wherein the two of them spoke about the ancient river Saraswati, which is no longer extant but lives on in myth and in memory. <mask> says The River "raises questions about how you perceive time and culture and the passing of a moment.”  He describes “water as a space of transition." The thing about a river, he says, is that “once it’s gone, its gone forever; you never get back the same water.”

Exhibitions

Selected solo exhibitions
2017 'Undated Nightskin."Mana Contemporary Gallery, Jersey City, New Jersey. 2014 ‘And what is left unsaid….’ Museum of Contemporary Art of Rome (MACRO), Curated by Paola Ugolini. 2012 The Indian Parallax or the Doubling of Happiness curated by Shaheen Mirali, Birla Academy of Art and Culture, Kolkata
2012 Video Wednesdays II curated by Gayatri Sinha, Gallery Espace, New Delhi
2012 'Reconstructing (White) 3', The Loft, Mumbai
2012 'Terrestrial Bodies', 1 x 1 Art Gallery, Dubai
2011 'Love is a 4 Letter Word', Latitude 28, New Delhi
2011 'The Intuitive: Logic Revisited', from the Osians Collection at The World Economic Forum, Davos, Switzerland
2011 'Art Stage Singapore', Singapore presented by 1 x 1 Gallery, Dubai
2011 'A Material Difference', Paradox, Singapore
2010 'The Evolution of the Species', Institute of Contemporary Indian Art (ICIA), Mumbai
2010 'Size Matters or Does it? Organised by the Alliance Francaise, Kolkata, at the Birla Academy of Art and Culture, Kolkata
1988 Exhibition for the African National Congress on the occasion of Nelson Mandela's 70th birthday. Presented by Seagull at Calcutta Information Centre, Kolkata
1988 Calcutta Salon d'Automne
1988 Paris Salon d’Artistes Franqaise

Art fairs
2012 Gwanju Art Fair in association with Latitude 28, New Delhi 2011: India Art Summit, 1x1 Art Gallery, New Delhi
2012 India Art Fair, New Delhi presented by 1x1 Art Gallery, Dubai
2011 Art Stage Singapore, 1x1 Art Gallery, Singapore
2009 Contemporary Istanbul, 1x1 Art Gallery, Istanbul
2009 Abu Dhabi Art, 1x1 Art Gallery, Abu Dhabi
2009 Solo project at India Art Summit, New Delhi, 1x1 Art Gallery
2009 Solo project Art Expo India, Mumbai, 1x1 Art Gallery
2009 Untitled, Video longue, India Art Summit, New Delhi
2008 Art Paris, 1x1 Art Gallery, Abu Dhabi

Miscellaneous
Mazumdar is frequently involved in publishing experiments and theatre design. He has also been active in art workshops such as Khoj (New Delhi) and Frac Payes de la Loire (France). Mazumdar takes an active interest in animal welfare.He and his wife have a number of rescued dogs that they care for in their home. References

Further reading
 Superdensitycrush art by Ramya Sarma. The Times of India: The Crest Edition. 2 June 2012. "Portrait of an artist as a terrorist". The Telegraph. 17 June 2012.<mask> <mask>:An Expressionist Painter. Art Expo India. 5 February 2010. "<mask> Mazumdar Profile,Interview and Artworks"
What Lies Beyond by Brinda Dasgupta. India Blooms. February 2010. Lunch With BS:<mask> <mask>.Business Standard. Perversion of a Cultural Kind. India Today. 2 January 2006. Transience, Mutability and the Night by Soumitra Das. The Telegraph. 18 February 2012.Dubai-based 1x1 Art Gallery presented solo artist <mask> <mask> at IAS by Shilpa Abraham. Art Review. 3 September 2009. <mask> Mazumdar Artist Bio. Gallery Threshold. Rekindling A Memory by Shailaja Tripathi. The Hindu.20 August 2009. A Staggering Visual Experience by Swapan Mullick. The Statesman. 15 February 2012. 1956 births
Living people
Indian multimedia artists
Indian people of French descent
Government College of Art & Craft alumni
University of Calcutta alumni
Indian male artists
Bengali male artists
Indian male

masks: Mazumdar Mazumdar Mazumdar Mazumdar Mazumdar Mazumdar Chittrovanu Mazumdar Chittrovanu Chittrovanu Mazumdar Chittrovanu Mazumdar Chittrovanu


title: Vinod Dham

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<mask> is an engineer, entrepreneur and venture capitalist. He is known as 'Father of the Pentium Chip' for his contribution to the development of Intel's Pentium micro-processor He is a mentor, advisor and sits on the boards of companies, including startups funded through his India-based fund Indo-US Venture Partners, where he is the founding managing director. <mask>'s accomplishment as 'Pentium Engineer' and as an Indian-American technology pioneer from Silicon Valley was observed at an exhibition on South Asians in National Museum of Natural History at the storied Smithsonian in Washington, D.C., highlighting Indian-Americans who have helped shape America. Early life
<mask> was born in 1950s in Pune, India. His father was a member of the army civilian department who had moved from Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan to India during the Partition of India. <mask> graduated with BE degree in Electrical Engineering from Delhi College of Engineering in 1971 at the age of 21. At the age of 25, he left his family in Delhi, India to study for MS degree in Physics (Solid State) in the US, arriving with just $8 in his pocket.He is married to Sadhana and has two sons. He has three brothers and a sister. Career
After completing a BE degree in Electrical Engineering in 1971, he joined Delhi-based semiconductor manufacturer Continental Devices, one of India's only private silicon semiconductor start-ups at the time which collaborated with Teradyne Semiconductor Company, USA. He was a part of the early team that put together a facility in Delhi and worked there for four years. It was while he worked at this company that his love for semiconductors bloomed. He found it to be a very exciting field because it applied the knowledge he had learned as an Engineer and decided that he needed a deeper understanding of the Physics behind the behavior of the semiconductor devices. In 1975, he left this job and went to University of Cincinnati, in Ohio to pursue an MS degree in Physics (Solid-State).After getting MS degree in 1977, he joined NCR Corp in Dayton, Ohio, as an engineer; there he did cutting-edge work in developing advanced non-volatile memories. Joining NCR was not a planned career move though. At the University of Cincinnati when NCR needed help <mask> was the student in his class who had worked longest in semi-conductors. His leading-edge work on non-volatile memories helped NCR get a patent in 1985 on mixed dielectric process and non-volatile memory device. He then joined Intel Co. as an engineer, where he led the development of the world-famous Pentium processor. He is called the "Pentium Engineer" for his role in the development of the Pentium Micro-Processor. He is also one of the co-inventors of Intel's first Flash Memory Technology (ETOX).He rose to the position of Vice-President of Micro-Processor Group at Intel Co.

During a presentation of his work on non-volatile memory for the NCR Microelectronics at an IEEE workshop, he was approached by Intel Co. and in 1979 joined Intel Co. as engineer, where he worked with the non-volatile memory team and was one of the co-inventor of Intel's first flash memory (ETOX). He later moved to the micro-processor division where he honed his skills for leading the Pentium project by working on two earlier generations of micro-processors-Intel's 386 and 486—in various capacities. In the 1980s, PCs had become mainstream tools for productivity enhancement at the workplace. By the time he started the Pentium project, many established and new players, including AIM consortium (led by Apple, IBM and Motorola) and ACE(Advanced Computing Environment) consortium formed in 1991 and led by Compaq, Microsoft, DEC, and MIPS Technologies, and a consortium by Sun MicroSystems (which comprised Sun, Fujitsu, Philips, Tatung and Amdahl) using superior RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computing) had all begun aggressively working on their big idea for PC industry and these projects seriously threatened Intel's dominance in segment. <mask> believes that Intel's ability to 'focus and execute' while maintaining full compatibility of the application with its previous generation micro-processors was the key reason for its success over dozens of these big competitors. In a Business Week cover story on Intel's new processors, <mask> was quoted as General Manager of the 586 processor group(586 was the internal name for the project until it was named 'Pentium' at launch). He left Intel Co. in 1995 and joined the startup NexGen, which was subsequently acquired by AMD.<mask> played an instrumental role in the launch of K6 – the "Pentium killer" processor at rival AMD Co. He held the vice president position of AMD's Computation Products Group. He then went on to lead a nascent startup, Silicon Spice in April 1998, which he re-directed to build a VOIP chip and sold it to Broadcom in 2000.He then launched an incubator NewPath Ventures,where he co-founded companies with an objective of using India's emerging talent in chip design for R&D. He is currently Managing Director and founder of Indo-US Venture Partners, an early stage India focused fund that he founded after NewPath. <mask> has over the years been a Board member and Tech Advisor to dozens of Private and Public Companies world-over! In February 2015, <mask> announced his return to entrepreneurship as the co-founder and CEO of Acadgild, an online educational platform he co-founded with India's storied entrepreneur duo-Krishnan Ganesh and Meena Ganesh of Tutorvista fame. Acadgild aims to teach just about anybody, including a Class 10 student;Software Programming that is relevant to today's rapidly evolving digital world.Unlike many existing online courses that rely on videos;Acadgild provides live mentoring and hands-on engagement for building real applications for its students. It will also include building two applications, thus preparing the students for job ready skills and a more effective way for their perspective employers to evaluate them. Entrepreneurial career

NexGen
When <mask> had joined Intel Co., it had  $1 million revenue. By the time he left in 1995, Intel's revenues had soared to $16.2 billion. <mask> said he was a keen observer of how Andy Grove built strategy and organisation for Intel's success in the micro-processor business. At Intel, <mask> made a decision to work on processors when he decided to leave R&D. By the time he quit Intel, his achievements reached a great prominence.It was also the time when entrepreneurial revolution in Silicon Valley was at its peak. He came across a company NexGen, a boutique processor design Co. that was eight years old, and joined as COO. NexGen was the only company that was developing Intel-compatible micro-processors at time. Design Engineering team at NexGen proved itself to be very capable but the company did not have a chip that was bus-compatible with the Pentium, an important functionality that was needed to fit in PC industry dominated by Intel. <mask>, with his wide-ranging experience, did changes in NexGen's strategy knowing that NexGen had to license intellectual property (IP) that would piggyback on infrastructure that had already been created by the rest of PC industry and needed access to manufacturing capabilities and advanced technology by partnering with established players for building its chips competitively with Intel's. While looking for right partner for NexGen, Dham discovered that Advance Micro Devices (AMD) Co. was Intel's main competitor in the computer hardware industry but its micro-processor product, K5, that has been positioned to be response to Intel's Pentium Processor, had failed to deliver on its promise. <mask> convinced the NexGen management to explore what appeared to be a perfect synergy for merging the two companies-NexGen had a product but no factories and process technology; whereas AMD had a factory and advanced technology but no product!His insights proved right and AMD acquired NexGen's product and process technology for a tidy sum of US$857 million. AMD's next product, K6, was built using NexGen's core technology. For a short while; it was the fastest processor in the world. It was the first time ever anybody beat Intel at its own speed game. The success of K6 was critical from one more angle–microprocessors were pricey and that meant; PCs had to be sold for over $1500. AMD under Dham's leadership of the micro-processor business; priced K6 to create a PC below $1000. AMD's ability to give relevant competition to Intel and create a sub-$1000 PC played a key role in creating a sub $1000 category for the first time.This positioning forced Intel to respond initially with a truncated Pentium under the brand name Celeron. (These days desktop computers priced at less than $300). After spending a year at AMD post-acquisition of NexGen; <mask> joined another startup in April 1998– Silicon Spice as CEO and president

Silicon Spice

<mask>, who had made a career out of micro-processors, was no longer interested in just chips, which form the guts and brains of PC. Rather, he was preaching a new mantra:  communications processors. "The microprocessor business had become less interesting business to me," he said. In his opinion, the Internet was the mother of all killer applications, which could use most computing power if there were no connectivity bottleneck. Anyone who could help unclog this bottleneck, would hold the key to a multi-billion-dollar bounty."The PC was designed for computing, and not for communication. The micro-processor has gone beyond its use," he said. In other words, hardware is far ahead of the current computing requirements" he said. With demand for communications-related chips then growing at 20% per annum; Dham and Silicon Spice's three MIT Grad Co-Founders; wanted a piece of the pie. Silicon Spice raised more than $34 Million in VC from top-drawer firms-New Enterprise Associates and Kleiner, Perkins; Caufield & Byers. Silicon Spice was initially experimenting using an innovative reconfigurable technology to design chips. It turned out that the chips designed in this fashion lacked the necessary performance and cost to be of much commercial use.Meanwhile;Er. Ing. <mask> learnt from dealing with several customers that there was an emerging need for developing chips that could effectively transfer voice over the Internet. <mask> explains, "The Internet protocol was being used mainly for data and delivering voice over Internet, which was designed primarily for data transfer and was a tricky problem in terms of technology". Dham re-directed Co.to build this new chip to support VoIP(Voice over Internet Protocol); among the first in world at that time. Silicon Spice's technology was promising.In a little over two years(in August2000); Er.Ing. <mask> sold Silicon Spice to Broadcom for a whopping $1.2 billion in an all-stock deal.The deal was Broadcom's largest ever (at the time of acquisition) and its seventh acquisition in the year 2000.Broadcom's former CEO Henry Nicholas said;Silicon Spice's architecture for communications processors; which enables banks of chips to be replaced with a single piece of silicon; is Broadcom's most strategic buy yet and opens a 'multi-billion-dollar' opportunity. "This is kind of the holy grail of carrier-class communication equipment," Nicholas said. "What Silicon Spice has created is a whole new computational element of same significance of what micro-processor was to PC." "One of the biggest lessons I learnt was that it always helps to start defining your product with very early involvement with customers, "said <mask>. (Ref: Smart CEO 15 Jan 2011)

Mentor and venture capitalist
In December 2001, <mask> made a trip to India where he met several businesses. He was impressed by the success of India's IT industry based on off-shoring of US software development to India and was wondering what it would take to recreate a similar US-India model for hardware and chip design off shoring to India. With seed capital from other venture capitalists in April 2002; he co-founded an incubator New Path Ventures.It invested in Chip and System Design Companies like Telsima (WiMAX chips), Montalvo Systems (low-power chips) and in Silica (chips for multimedia and digital printing processors) and Nevis (secure networking) with development teams in India for markets in U.S. The timing was right, with Silicon Valley looking at reducing expenditure in chip development space. <mask>; with his partner, was extremely hands on in helping these Companies in their day-to-day operations. However the experience highlighted that with so much focus on software;India had not yet developed the critical mass of skills for chip design work and speciality software expertise to support the 'offshoring' model. These start ups were subsequently acquired. Having learnt that opportunities for venture backed startups in India will likely revolve more around services required to meet needs of India's growing consumer class, <mask> subsequent ly co-founded NEA-a Indo-US Ventures-a cross border India focused fund in Year 2006. Firm was later re-branded Indo-US Venture Partners.Currently; <mask> runs IUVP with his two Bengaluru; India-based investment partners. IUVP's focus has been on investing in Indian Co.s across sectors including Mobile Technology, knowledge process outsourcing; Internet; Education and HealthCare. Philanthropy
<mask> and his wife Sadhana are donors to many charities in the US and India. He has been a trustee of the American India Foundation (AIF) since 2001. Former President Bill Clinton serves as the honorary Chair. In July 2006; he was named to Board of Directors and was appointed Chair of the Digital Equalizer(DE)Program with a mission to provide underprivileged children in India with the opportunity to enhance their learning through use of digital technology in a scalable and sustainable manner. As Chair of the DE Program, he led the program's strategic direction and growth.He has been actively involved in the fund-raising and was awarded the Visionary Award for his DE work by Montek Singh Ahluwaliain 2010. Recognition
In 1993, <mask> was named one of the Top 25 Executives in the US Computer Industry. In 1999; he was named one of the top 100 Most Influential Asian Americans of the decade. In 2000,he was appointed to serve on the President's Advisory Commission on Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders by President Bill Clinton. On 1 January, India's magazine India Today listed <mask> among the Global Indian Achievers. <mask> said; the survival instinct is the critical factor underlying the success of Indians in Silicon Valley. <mask> was profiled at the Pravasi Bhartiya Diwas in 2007, organised by the Ministry of Overseas Affairs of the government of India, a high recognition for accomplished Indians including Amar Bose, Indra Nooyi, <mask> Khosla, Arun Sarin, Lakshmi Mittal.<mask> was profiled by India Abroad among 50 Most Influential Indian Americans. <mask> was also profiled by China Daily BBS along with JC Bose, Amar Bose, Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar and others. Scribd profiled <mask> amongst great Indians of this Century and contributing today. <mask> was awarded the NRI Achievement Award at the NRI Global Summit in Oct 2009 by the NRI institute, a New Delhi-based nonprofit. NRI Institute has a nearly 30-year history of recognizing Pravasi(non-resident) such as Sam Pitroda, Chairman of India's National Knowledge Commission, Lord Swaraj Paul, British Parliamentarian and Founder of Caparo Group, and Baron Karan Bilimoria of Cobra Beer. Dham was profiled among the first and notable Indian American Achievers by the Asian Pacific American Program established HomeSpun:Smithsonian Indian American Heritage Project, which will chronicle the story of immigrants from India and their descendants in America

On 22 April 2011, Dham was given People Choice Award and Special Jury Award in the category of Science and Technology by Times of India Group's 'Light of India Awards'; recognizing Indian achievers abroad. On 13 November 2014, Dham was honored with 'Lifetime Accomplishments Award' by VC Taskforce, a Silicon Valley-based organization boasting 6000 members dedicated to promoting innovation through Venture Community.Quotes
"The best thing that happened to me was joining Intel and the best thing that happened to me was leaving Intel." "Electrons move at the same speed whether at Intel or AMD." "You know, if you are here in Silicon Valley 10 to 15 years and you have not stepped out and done a startup, there's something wrong with you." "Speed was God for us when we designed Pentium. All we did was to build the fastest BMW or Lamborghini equivalent of a chip, and you were a hero. Now, its more like building an efficient Prius or a Nano. It may not go very fast but consumes less power.A total paradigm shift has occurred in the chip industry. It is evident with the ARM chips, being used to build new devices. These chips may not run as fast but they can run your iPad or netbook for weeks. That wasn't the case in the 80s and 90s." "To stay globally competitive the nation must do better at steering its youth toward engineering careers". <mask> <mask> is among a growing number of technology executives warning that the U.S. faces an Engineer shortage. "More and more, Sand Hill Road (a key location for VCs in Silicon Valley) money is moving to India.It's clear India's time has come." Dham on cell phones usage and its future: "There is nothing except maybe Excel spreadsheets that you can't do on a cell phone. You can do mails, SMS, MMS. You can do photo sharing. You can find the nearest restaurant. You can't do the latter on a laptop. It's a far richer medium.You will see a lot of big screens in the home and a cell phone won't compete with that. But the ubiquitous device that you won't leave home without is the cell phone. In India, when they're fishing, they call back and say how many pounds of fish they caught and when they will be back. That creates a real-time market with buyers." References

External links

 Real World Tech

1950 births
Advanced Micro Devices people
20th-century Indian inventors
Indian emigrants to the United States
Intel people
Living people
American people of Punjabi descent
Engineers from Maharashtra
Delhi University alumni
Delhi Technological University alumni
University of Cincinnati alumni
20th-century Indian engineers
Indian computer scientists
Scientists from Pune
Indian venture capitalists

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title: Lee Schipper

texts:
Leon Jay "<mask>" <mask> (April 7, 1947 – August 16, 2011) was a physicist and energy efficiency expert who authored more than 100 technical papers and a number of books on energy economics and transportation. He was "often a critic of the conventional wisdom." He was remembered by climate scientists as "a giant" who "was brilliant at articulating the connections among technology, economics, culture, policy and politics." Education
<mask> attended the University of California at Berkeley. He earned Bachelor's degrees in Physics and Music in 1968, and a Ph.D. in Astrophysics. Career
<mask> worked at the Lawrence Berkeley National Lab (LBNL) for more than 20 years. In addition, he worked at the Energy and Resources Group at UC Berkeley,  Shell International in London, as well as being Fulbright Scholar at the Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics in Stockholm.He was a guest researcher at the World Bank, VVS Tekniska Foereningen, the OECD, and the Stockholm Environment Institute. He worked closely with the Global Business Network and Cambridge Energy Research Associates. He served on the editorial boards of five major journals and was a member of the Swedish Board for Transportation and Communications Research. For four years he was a member of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences' Transportation Research Board's Committee on Sustainable Transport and Committee on Developing Countries. At the time of his death, <mask> was a senior research scientist at both University of California Berkeley’s Global Metropolitan Studies and at the Precourt Institute of Energy Efficiency at Stanford University conducting research and policy analysis on efficient energy use in transportation systems. Energy Efficient Housing
<mask>'s first seminal contribution came in 1976, when he published an influential paper in Science pointing out that Sweden consumed far less energy per unit of economic activity than the United States did. His work on the energy efficiency of Swedish housing culminated in his 1985 book Coming in from the Cold with Stephen Meyers and Henry Kelly.<mask> testified before Congress on this subject in March 1984. Transportation
<mask> shifted his primary attention to transport in the 1980s and started the Berkeley Lab’s International Energy Studies group with Jayant Sathaye, and the two co-led the group for many years. He was co-founder of EMBARQ, the World Resources Institute Center for Sustainable Transport, and remained as a senior associate emeritus. Climate Change
From 1995 to 2001, he was a senior scientist at the International Energy Agency in Paris. He contributed to the Second and Third Assessment Reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2007. He was due to act as Review Editor for the chapter on Transport in Working Group III's contribution to the Fifth Assessment Report, released in April 2014. Legacy
John Holdren, later to become Science Advisor to President Barack Obama, was the first person to hire <mask> as an energy specialist, at Berkeley in the early 1970s.He said ‘‘<mask> was one of the first people to point out that people don’t want to consume energy, but they want to consume energy services, like transportation, comfortable rooms, cold beer and so forth. And that there was an enormous variation in the amount of energy needed to perform those services.’’

Mark Levine, who was <mask>’s superviser for most his career at LBNL, said: "<mask> was the founding father of a school of energy analysts, a tradition carried on with vigor in the Energy Analysis Department at LBNL.... The work he did has been carried on here. He created an important tradition of understanding energy by studying it from the bottom up, which means by end user." Schipper broke new ground by analyzing energy data sector by sector and end-use by end-use in various countries and comparing them. He demonstrated that energy intensity did not correlate with GDP in any simple way and was able to show why. Personal
He was described as being an irrepressible iconoclast with a wonderful knack of turning a phrase to excellent effect.Evidence for this was publishing 15 letters to the editor in the New York Times on energy efficiency. For example, in his view the "cash for clunkers" program—which offered rebates to people who bought a new car with better mileage than their old one—did little to save energy, although it may have reduced air pollution. In many cases, buyers used the rebate to buy something bigger and more high-powered than they would have otherwise. "The effect is inverse of what we were hoping for" he said. <mask> was also an accomplished musician. He was the leader of the University of California Jazz Quintet in 1968. As a UC Berkeley student and vibraphonist, he led his jazz group to victory at the Notre Dame Jazz Festival in 1967.In 1969 Danish saxophonist Carsten Meinert invited him to record on his album "C.M. Musictrain" in Denmark (Spectator Records). In 1973 he recorded "The Phunky Physicist" with Swedish guitar player Janne Schaffer. He would reprise the role as band leader with an ad hoc jazz group, <mask> and the Mitigators, who performed primarily in conjunction with energy-related conferences. He was also one of the world’s experts on Wilhelm Furtwangler, a 20th century symphonic and operatic conductor, and collected one of the most complete sets of his recordings. Publications
1985: (lead author) Coming in from the Cold: Energy-wise Housing in Sweden (American Council for an Energy Efficient Economy)
1992: (lead author) Energy Efficiency and Human Activity: Past Trends, Future Prospects (Cambridge University Press)
1992: (co-author) "Environmentally Benign Automobiles" Access Magazine
1993: (lead author) "Mind the Gap: The Vicious Circle of Measuring Automobile Fuel Use" Energy Policy
2001: (co-author) Transportation in Developing Countries: Greenhouse Gas Scenarios for Delhi, India (Institute for Transportation Studies, UC Davis)
2005: (co-author) Growing in the Greenhouse: Protecting the Climate by Putting Development First (World Resources Institute)
2006: (co-author) Measuring the Invisible: Quantifying Emissions Reductions from Transport Solutions - Querétaro Case Study (World Resources Institute)
2008: (lead author) Measuring The Invisible: Quantifying Emissions Reductions From Transport Solutions - Hanoi Case Study (World Resources Institute)
2009: (lead author) Transport and Carbon Dioxide Emissions: Forecasts, Options Analysis, and Evaluation (Asian Development Bank)

References

People associated with energy
2011 deaths
People from Santa Monica, California
University of California, Berkeley alumni
1947 births

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