title: Yang Dongqian

texts:
<mask> () (died 935), courtesy name Zhaoxuan (), was an official of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period state Southern Han, serving as a chancellor. Background
It is not known when <mask> was born. His ancestors had been Tang officials, with his great-great-grandfather <mask> () serving as the governor of Suining Commandery (遂寧, in modern Suining, Sichuan) — and thus being datable to the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang, during whose reign, for some time, Tang prefectures were known as commanderies (from 742 to 757). <mask>'s great-grandfather (<mask>'s son) <mask> () moved from there south of the Nanling Mountains, to Shixing, and made his home there. Neither <mask>an's grandfather <mask> () and father <mask> () were recorded to be in official service, but both were said to be honest and virtuous. <mask> himself was said to be studious in his youth, open-minded, and understanding of principles of governance. At one point, he became a surveillance officer for Yong District (邕管, headquartered in modern Nanning, Guangxi), then still under Tang Dynasty rule.After the end of his term of service, he went to live in Guang Prefecture (廣州, in modern Guangzhou, Guangdong). Service under Liu Yin and Liu Yan prior to Southern Han's founding
At one point, <mask>an was retained to serve on the staff of the warlord Liu Yin, who then controlled the region as the military governor (Jiedushi) of Qinghai Circuit (清海, headquartered at Guang Prefecture). Liu Yin honored <mask>an as a teacher for himself, and also had <mask> serve as his secretary in his role as military governor of Qinghai and Jianwu (建武, converted from Yong District) Circuits. He was said to be Liu Yin's chief strategist in planning the seizure of Ningyuan Circuit (寧遠, headquartered in modern Yulin, Guangxi), which eventually happened in 911 (after Liu Yin's death), from Liu Yin's northern neighbor, Ma Yin the Prince of Chu. (Tang's having fallen by that point, both Liu Yin and Ma were nominal vassals of Later Liang.) In 911, Liu Yin died and was succeeded by his brother Liu Yan. <mask> continued to serve Liu Yan, and he suggested to Liu Yan that he should not commission army officers as prefectural prefects.Rather, <mask> advocated that he select refugees from the Central Plains who were well-learned, first putting them on his staff to test them and then make them prefects, so that they could govern the prefectures well and benefit the people. Liu Yan agreed. Also in 911, Lu Yanchang, the warlord who controlled the Qian Prefecture (虔州, in modern Ganzhou, Jiangxi) region, was killed by his officer Li Qiu, who subsequently died and was succeeded by his officer Li Yantu. At <mask>'s suggestion, Liu Yan attacked Shao Prefecture (韶州, in modern Shaoguan, Guangdong), which was then under control of Li. Liu's army defeated the garrison there, and Shao's prefect Liao Shuang () fled to Chu, allowing Liu to take over Shao. <mask> subsequently also provided strategic opinions that helped Liu to repel the attempts by Ma to retake Ningyuan, allowing Liu to retain the lands of the original five districts originally belonging to Qinghai's predecessor circuit Lingnan Circuit (). For <mask>'s contributions, Liu made him the deputy military governor.After Later Liang's Emperor Taizu sent the emissary Wei Jian () to try to intercede in the conflict between his two vassals Liu and Ma in 912, <mask> advocated entering into a marital alliance with Ma in order to settle the two realms' differences. Liu agreed, and in 913 asked Ma for permission to marry one of his daughters. Ma agreed. (The marriage was eventually carried out in 915.) During Liu Yan's reign
In 917, Liu Yan declared himself emperor of a new state of Yue (later changed to Han, and therefore historically known as Southern Han) as its Emperor Gaozu. He was about to name <mask>an a chancellor with the designation Tong Zhongshu Menxia Pingzhangshi () and minister of defense (兵部尚書, Bingbu Shangshu), but <mask>, believing that he should not be honored above another chancellor candidate, Zhao Guangyi, who had been a Later Liang emissary and whose brother Zhao Guangfeng was a chancellor to Later Liang, offered to be subordinate to Zhao. Liu agreed, and while he named Zhao, <mask>, and another Later Liang emissary, Li Yinheng, all as chancellors, Zhao received the greater secondary office of minister of defense, while <mask> was given the secondary office of deputy minister of defense (兵部侍郎, Bingbu Shilang).In 920, <mask> made the proposal to build schools, to generally teach the people about the proper rites, and to restart imperial examinations that had been a major part of the Tang civil service system. Liu agreed. However, several suggestions that <mask> made to Liu fell on deaf years. For example, when Liu built watery prisons to torture prisoners, <mask> urged against it, to no avail. Further, around 934, Liu had his oldest son Liu Hongdu the Prince of Qin conscript a group of 1,000 soldiers to serve as his guards, but Liu Hongdu selected many hoodlums who behaved poorly, and became close to them. <mask>, finding this situation untenable, went to speak to Liu Yan:

However, Liu Yan responded, "This is just for my son to teach them about war. I am sorry this is overly concerning you, Lord."He made no attempts to curb Liu Hongdu's behavior. Once <mask> exited the palace, he saw Liu Hongdu's guards robbing gold and silk from merchants, but the merchants did not dare to make reports against them. He lamented and stated, "If the governance has become this troubled, what use is there for a chancellor?" He therefore claimed an illness and returned to his mansion. He was there for quite some time without Liu Yan ever making an attempt to summon him again. He died at home in 935. Notes and references

 Spring and Autumn Annals of the Ten Kingdoms (), vol.62. Book of Southern Han (), vol. 9. Zizhi Tongjian, vols. 270, 271, 279. 9th-century births
935 deaths
Year of birth unknown
Politicians from Shaoguan
Tang dynasty politicians from Guangdong
Later Liang (Five Dynasties) politicians
Southern Han chancellors
Southern Han people born during Tang

masks:
Yang Dongqian
Yang Dongqian
Yang Hui
Yang Dongqian
Yang Hui
Yang Mian
Yang Dongqi
Yang Chui
Yang Zhen
Yang Dongqian
Yang Dongqi
Yang Dongqi
Yang
Yang
Yang
Yang
Yang
Yang
Yang
Yang Dongqi
Yang
Yang
Yang
Yang
Yang
Yang
Yang
Yang


title: D. S. Mirsky

type: original

texts:
D. S<mask> is the English pen-name of <mask> (), often known as <mask> ( – c. 7 June 1939), a Russian political and literary historian who promoted the knowledge and translations of Russian literature in Britain and of English literature in the Soviet Union. He was born in Kharkov Governorate and died in a Soviet gulag near Magadan. Early life
He was born Prince <mask>sky family, son of knyaz <mask>, Imperial Russian Minister of Interior, and Countess Ekaterina Bobrinskaya. He relinquished his princely title at an early age. During his school years, he became interested in the poetry of Russian symbolism and started writing poems himself. World War I and Civil War
<mask> was mobilized in 1914 and saw service in the Imperial Russian Army during World War I. After the October Revolution he joined the White movement as a member of Denikin's staff.After the defeat of the White forces he fled to Poland in 1920. London
<mask> emigrated to Great Britain in 1921. While teaching Russian literature at the University of London, <mask> published his landmark study A History of Russian Literature: From Its Beginnings to 1880. Vladimir Nabokov has called it "the best history of Russian literature in any language including Russian". This work was followed with the Contemporary Russian Literature, 1881–1925,. <mask> was a founding member of the Eurasianist movement  and the chief editor of the periodical Eurasia, his own views gradually evolving toward Marxism. He also is usually credited with coining the term National Bolshevism.In 1931, he joined the Communist Party of Great Britain and asked Maxim Gorky if he could procure his pardon by Soviet authorities. The permission to return to the USSR was granted him in 1932. On seeing him off to Russia, Virginia Woolf wrote in her diary that "soon there'll be a bullet through your head". Return to Russia

<mask> returned to Russia in September 1932. Five years later, during the Great Purge, <mask> was arrested by the NKVD. <mask>'s arrest may have been caused by a chance meeting with his friend, the British historian E. H. Carr who was visiting the Soviet Union in 1937. Carr stumbled into <mask> on the streets of Leningrad (modern Saint Petersburg, Russia), and despite <mask>'s best efforts to pretend not to know him, Carr persuaded his old friend to have lunch with him.Since this was at the height of the Yezhovshchina, and any Soviet citizen who had any unauthorised contact with a foreigner was likely to be regarded as a spy, the NKVD arrested <mask> as a British spy. In April 1937, he was denounced in the journal Literaturnaya Gazeta as a "filthy Wrangelist and White Guard officer". He died in one of the gulag labour camps near Magadan in June 1939 and was buried on the 7th of that month. He was rehabilitated in 1962. Although his magnum opus was eventually published in Russia, <mask>'s reputation in his native country remains sparse. Korney Chukovsky gives a lively portrait of <mask> in his diary entry for 27 January 1935:
I liked him enormously: the vast erudition, the sincerity, the literary talent, the ludicrous beard and ludicrous bald spot, the suit which, though made in England, hung loosely on him, shabby and threadbare, the way he had of coming out with a sympathetic ee-ee-ee (like a guttural piglet squeal) after each sentence you uttered—it was all so amusing and endearing. Though he had very little money—he's a staunch democrat—he did inherit his well-born ancestors' gourmandise.His stomach will be the ruin of him. Every day he leaves his wretched excuse for a cap and overcoat with the concierge and goes into the luxurious restaurant [of the Hotel National in Moscow], spending no less than forty rubles on a meal (since he drinks as well as eats) plus four to tip the waiter and one to tip the concierge. Criticism

Malcolm Muggeridge, who met <mask> after his return to USSR, apparently met one of the author's critics, a French correspondent to Russia named Luciani, who had this to say of <mask>: "<mask> had pulled off the unusual feat of managing to be a parasite under three regimes — as a prince under Czarism, as a professor under Capitalism, and as an homme-de-lettres under Communism." George Orwell was highly critical of The Intelligentsia of Great Britain but Tariq Ali had a more favourable assessment of this book. Selected publications
 Anthology of Russian poetry (1924)
 Modern Russian Literature (1925)
 Pushkin (1926)
 A History of Russian Literature: From Its Beginnings to 1900 in two volumes (1926, 1927); repr. Knopf (1958), Northwestern University Press (1999)
 Contemporary Russian Literature: From 1881 to 1925 (1926)
 A History of Russia (1928)'
 [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.237311Lenin] (London: Holme Press, 1931). Russia: A Social History (1931)
 The Intelligentsia of Great Britain (1935), originally in Russian, translated by the author to English
 Anthology of Modern English Poetry (1937) in Russian, published during <mask>'s arrest without acknowledgment of his authorship

References

Further reading
 <mask> <mask>.D. S<mask> : A Russian-English Life, 1890–1939. Oxford University Press: 2000 (). Nina Lavroukine et Leonid Tchertkov, D. S<mask> : profil critique et bibliographique, Paris, Intitut d'Études Slaves, 1980, 110 pages, 6 planches hors-texte (). (French language)

External links
 Contemporary Russian Literature, 1881-1925 - Full View | HathiTrust Digital Library
 Red Prince, a Radio Liberty publication (in Russian)

1890 births
1939 deaths
People from Liubotyn
People from Kharkov Governorate
Russian nobility
National Bolsheviks
Eurasianism
Russian male poets
Russian philologists
Russian literary historians
Russian literary critics
20th-century Russian poets
Soviet literary historians
Soviet male writers
20th-century Russian male writers
Academics of the University of London
20th-century Russian journalists
20th-century philologists
Russian Marxist writers

masks: Dimitry Petrovich Svyatopolk Mirskyatopolk Mir


title: Michael Boskin

texts:
<mask> (born September 23, 1945) is the T. M. Friedman Professor of Economics and senior Fellow at Stanford University's Hoover Institution. He also is chief executive officer and president of Boskin & Co., an economic consulting company. Biography
<mask> holds B.A. with highest honors, M.A., and Ph.D. degrees in economics from the University of California, Berkeley, earned in 1967, 1968, and 1971 respectively. He is a member of Phi Beta Kappa. He joined Stanford University in 1970. He is a research associate, National Bureau of Economic Research.<mask> has been a director of Exxon Mobil since 1996. He is also a director of Oracle Corporation, Shinsei Bank, and Vodafone Group plc (1999–2008). He serves on the Commerce Department's Advisory Committee on the National Income and Product Accounts. <mask> is the recipient of the Adam Smith Prize and other professional awards. He is a regular contributor to Project Syndicate since 2009. He also served as the chair of the Boskin Commission which changed the way inflation was measured. According to Patrick Buchanan, in Death of Manufacturing, <mask> was sanguine about the transfer of United States manufacturing overseas.Notoriously, during the time he was an economic advisor to the G.W. Bush administration, he is noted to have said, "Potato chips, semiconductor chips, what is the difference? They are all chips. A hundred dollars' worth of one or a hundred dollars' worth of the other is still a hundred dollars." Publications
 Too Many Promises: The Uncertain Future of Social Security, 1986. Too Many Promises: The Uncertain Future of Social Security, Dow-Jones-Irwin, 1986. Reagan and the Economy: Successes, Failures, Unfinished Agenda, Institute for Contemporary Studies, 1987.The Economic Report of the President, with R. Schmalensee and J. Taylor, United States Government Printing Office, 1990. The Economic Report of the President, with R. Schmalensee and J. Taylor, United States Government Printing Office, 1991. The Economic Report of the President, with D. Bradford and P. Wonnacott, United States Government Printing Office, 1992. The Economic Report of the President, with D. Bradford and P. Wonnacott, United States Government Printing Office, 1993. Books edited
 The Crisis in Social Security, Institute for Contemporary Studies, 1977 (editor). Federal Tax Reform, Institute for Contemporary Studies, 1978 (editor). Economics and Human Welfare: Essays in Honor of Tibor Scitovsky, Academic Press, 1979 (editor).The Economics of Taxation, with H. Aaron, Brookings, 1980 (editor). The Economy in the 1980s: A Program for Stability and Growth, Institute for Contemporary Studies, 1980 (editor). The Federal Budget: Economics and Politics, with A. Wildavsky, Institute for Contemporary Studies, 1982 (editor). Private Saving and Public Debt, with J. Flemming and S. Gorini, Basil Blackwell, 1986 (editor). Modern Developments in Public Finance, Basil Blackwell, 1987 (editor). Economics of Public Debt, with K. Arrow, MacMillan, 1988 (editor). Frontiers of Tax Reform, Hoover Institution Press, 1996 (editor).Journal articles
 "The negative income tax and the Supply of Work Effort," National Tax Journal, December 1967, (undergraduate senior honors thesis). "The Effects of Taxes on the Supply of Labor: With Special Reference to Income Maintenance Programs," National Tax Association Papers and Proceedings, 1971. "Unions and Relative Real Wages," American Economic Review, June 1972. "Local Government Tax and Product Competition and the Optimal Provision of Public Goods," Journal of Political Economy, January 1973. "Economics of the Labor Supply," in G. Cain and H. Watts, eds., Labor Supply and Income Maintenance, Rand McNally, 1973. "Theoretical Models of Local Government Finance," Proceedings of the 26th Congress of the International Institute of Public Finance, 1973. "A Conditional Logic Model of Occupational Choice," Journal of Political Economy, March 1974."The Effects of Government Expenditures and Taxes on Female Labor," American Economic Review, May 1974. "Regression Analysis when the Dependent Variable is Truncated Lognormal: with an Application to the Determinants of the Duration of Welfare Dependency," (with T. Amemiya), International Economic Review, June 1974. "Efficiency Aspects of the Differential Tax Treatment of Market and Household Economic Activity," Journal of Public Economics, February 1975. "Lessons from the New Jersey-Pennsylvania Income Maintenance Experiment," in M. Timpane and A. Rivlin, eds., Evaluating the New Jersey-Pennsylvania Income Maintenance Experiment, 1975. "A Markov Model of Turnover in Aid to Families with Dependent Children," (with F. Nold), Journal of Human Resources, Autumn 1975. "Notes on the Tax Treatment of Human Capital," U.S. Department of the Treasury, Proceedings of the Treasury Conference on Tax Policy, 1975. "Estate Taxation and Charitable Bequests," Journal of Public Economics, January 1976."Recent Econometric Research in Public Finance," American Economic Review, May 1976. "The Economic Common Sense of the Debate over Controlling Nuclear Power Development," in W. Reynolds, ed., The California Nuclear Initiative, Stanford University Press, 1976; also in Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, California
 "Energy: The Economic Factors", 1976. "Social Security and Retirement Decisions," Economic Inquiry, January 1977. "An Economist's Perspective on Estate Taxation," in The Future of Wealth Transmission, American Assembly, 1977. "Effects of the Charitable Deduction on Contributions by Low and Middle Income Households: Evidence from the National Survey of Philanthropy," (with M. Feldstein), Review of Economics and Statistics, August 1977. "Taxation and Aggregate Factor Supply: Preliminary Estimates," (with L. Lau), U.S. Treasury Compendium of Tax Research, 1978. "Taxation and Capital Formation: Missing Elements in the President's Tax Program," (with J.Green), in R. Penner, Ed., Tax Policies in the 1979 Budget, AEI, 1978. "Taxation, Saving and the Rate of Interest," Journal of Political Economy, April 1978. "Optimal Tax Theory, Econometric Evidence and Tax Policy," in R. Stone, ed., Econometric Contributions to Public Policy, MacMillan for the International Economic Associations, 1978. "Optimal Redistributive Taxation when Individual Welfare Depends upon Relative Income," (with E. Sheshinski), Quarterly Journal of Economics, November 1978. "The Effect of Social Security on Early Retirement," (with M. Hurd), Journal of Public Economics, August 1978. "The Long-Run Incidence of Government Policies in Open Growing Economies," (with P. Deville), in M. <mask>, ed., Economics and Human Welfare: Essays in Honor of Tibor Scitovsky, Academic Press, 1979. "Economic Factors Behind the Tax Revolt, National Tax Journal, October 1979."Interrelationships Among the Choice of Tax Base, Tax Rates and the Unit and Time Period of Account in the Design of an Optimal Tax System," in H. Aaron and M<mask>, eds., The Economics of Taxation, Brookings, 1980. "Social Security and Private Saving: Analytical Issues, Empirical Evidence and Policy Implications," (with M. Robinson), U.S. Congress, Joint Economic Committee, Special Study on Economic Change, 1980. "The Impact of Inflation on U.S. Productivity and International Competitiveness," (with
 M. Gertler and C. Taylor), National Planning Association, 1980. "Social Security: The Challenge Before Us," in P. Duignan and A. Rabushka, eds., The United States in the 1980s, Hoover Institution, 1980. "Growth Policy for the Eighties," U.S. Department of Commerce, Proceedings of the Workshop on Supply-Side Economics, 1980. "Issues in the Taxation of Capital Income," (with J. Shoven), American Economic Review, May 1981."Some Issues in Supply-Side Economics," in K. Brunner and A. Meltzer, eds., Supply Shocks, Incentives and National Wealth, Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy, 1981. "Taxation, Innovation and Economic Growth," in Technology in Society, Vol. 3, 1981. "Federal Government Deficits: Myths and Realities," American Economic Review, May 1982. "Modeling Alternative Solutions to the Long-Run Social Security Funding Problem," (with M. Avrin and Ken Cone), in M. Feldstein, ed., Behavioral Simulations of Tax Policy, University of Chicago Press, 1983. "Optimal Tax Treatment of the Family," (with E. Sheshinski), Journal of Public Economics, April 1983. "Effects of Budgetary Constraints and Budgetary Cuts," Proceedings: International Institute of Public Finance, Budapest, Hungary, 1983."A Longer Term Perspective on Macroeconomics and Distribution: Time, Expectations, and Incentives," in G. Feiwel, ed., Issues in Contemporary Economics and Distribution, The MacMillan Press, 1984. "Concepts and Measures of Earnings Replacement during Retirement," (with J. Shoven), NBER Conference Volume, J. Shoven and D. Wise, eds., Issues in Pension Economics, University of Chicago Press, 1987. "The Effect of Social Security on Retirement in the Early 1970's (with M. Hurd), Quarterly Journal of Economics, November 1984. "Poverty Among the Elderly: Where Are the Holes in the Safety Net?" (with J. Shoven), paper presented at the NBER Conference on Pensions and the U.S. Economy, Baltimore, MD, March 21–22, 1985,

masks:
Michael Jay Boskin
Boskin
Boskin
Boskin
Boskin
Boskin
. Boskin


title: Michael Boskin

texts:
 in Z. Bodie, J Shoven, and D. Wise, eds., Pensions in the U.S. Economy, University of Chicago Press, 1988. "Macroeconomics, Technology and Economic Policy," in R. Landau and N. Rosenberg, eds., Technology and Economy Policy, National Academy Press, 1985. "Changes in the Age Distribution of Income in The United States, 1964–84," (with L. Kotlikoff and M. Knetter), NBER Working Paper, #1766, 1985."Economic Aspects of the Taxation of Decontrolled Natural Gas," (with M. Robinson), National Tax Journal, June 1985. "Public Debt and U.S. Saving: A New Test of the Neutrality Hypothesis," (with L. Kotlikoff), in Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series, No. 23, Summer 1985. "Deficits, Public Debt, Interest Rates & Private Saving: Perspectives and Reflections on Recent Analysis and U.S. Experience," in M<mask>, J. Flemming and S. Gorini, eds., Private Saving and Public Debt, Basil Blackwell, 1986. "Indexing Social Security Benefits: A Separate Price Index for the Elderly?"(with M. Hurd), Public Finance Quarterly, Vol. 13, No. 4, October 1985. "Energy Taxes and Optimal Tax Theory," (with M. Robinson), The Energy Journal, September 1985. "New Estimates of the Value of Federal Mineral Rights and Land," (with M. Robinson, et al. ), American Economic Review, December 1985. "Theoretical and Empirical Issues in the Measurement, Evaluation and Interpretation of Post-War U.S.Saving," in G. Adams and S. Wachter, eds., Saving and Capital Formation: The Policy Options, Lexington Books/D.C. Health, 1986. "Saving and Economic Growth in the United States: Policy Issues and Options," U.S. Congress, A Symposium on the 40th Anniversary of the Joint Economic Committee, January 16–17, 1986. "New Estimates of the Effects of Taxes on the International Location of Investment," (with W. Gale), in M. Feldstein, ed., The Effects of Taxation on Capital Formation, University of Chicago Press, 1987. "Social Security: A Financial Appraisal within and Across Generations," (with J. Shoven, L. Kotlikoff and D. Puffert), National Tax Journal, March 1987. "A Closer Look at Saving Rates in the United States and Japan," (with J. Roberts), in J. Shoven, ed., Government Policy Towards Industry in the U.S. and Japan, Cambridge University Press, 1988. "Social Security and the American Family," in Federal Tax Policy, ed.by L. Summers, 1987. "New Estimates of the State and Local Government Capital Stock and Net Investment," (with M. Robinson and A. Huber), NBER Working Paper, 1987. "Alternative Concepts and Measures of Federal Deficits and Debt and Their Impact on Economic Activity," in K. Arrow and M<mask>, eds., Economics of Public Debt, MacMillan for the International Economic Association, 1988. (NBER Working Paper, 1987). "The Federal Budget and Insurance Programs," (with B. Barham, K. Cone and S. Ozler), in M. <mask>, ed., Modern Developments in Public Finance, Basil Blackwell, 1987. "Perspectives on the Tax Reform Act of 1986," National Tax Association Annual Proceedings, 1986, published 1987. "The Financial Impact of Social Security by Cohort," in E. Lazear and R. Ricardo-Campbell, eds., Issues in Contemporary Retirement, Hoover Institution Press, 1988."Personal Security Accounts: An Alternative Social Security Reform Proposal," (with J. Shoven and L. Kotlikoff), in S. Wachter, ed., Social Security and Private Pensions, Lexington Books, 1988. "Future Social Security Financing Alternatives and National Saving," S. Wachter and M. Wachter, eds., Social Security and Private Pensions: Providing for Retirement in the 21st Century, Lexington Books, 1988. "An Analysis of Postwar U.S. Consumption and Saving," (with L. Lau) NBER Working Paper Nos. 2605–2606, 1988. "Consumption, Saving and Fiscal Policy," American Economic Review, Vol. 78, No.2, May 1988. "Tax Policy and Economic Growth: Lessons from the 1980s," Journal of Economic Perspectives, Vol. 2, No. 4, Fall 1988. "Government Saving, Capital Formation and Wealth in the United States, 1947–1985," (with M. Robinson and A.Huber) in R. Lipsey and H. Stone, eds., The Measurement of Saving, Investment, and Wealth, The University of Chicago Press, 1989. "Issues in the Measurement and Interpretation of Saving and Wealth," in E. Berndt and J. Triplett, eds., Fifty Years of Economic Measurement: The Jubilee of the Conference on Research in Income and Wealth, The University of Chicago Press, 1990. "Capital Formation and Economic Growth," (with L. Lau) in Technology and Economics: A Volume Commemorating Ralph Landau's Service to the National Academy of Engineering, National Academy Press, 1991."International and Intertemporal Comparison of Productive Efficiency: An Application of the Meta-Production Function Approach to the Group-of-Five (G-5) Countries," (with L. Lau) Economic Studies Quarterly, Vol. 43, No. 4, 1992. "Capital, Technology, and Economic Growth," with L. Lau in N. Rosenberg, R. Landau and D. Mowery, eds. Technology and the Wealth of Nations, Stanford University Press, 1992. "Reflections on the Bush Regulatory Record: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly," Regulation, 1993, Number 3. "A Conference Panel Discussion: The Role of Rules in Monetary Policy," Review, March/April 1994, Vol.76, No. 2: The Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. "The Contribution of R&D to Economic Growth: Some Issues and Observations," (with L. Lau), AEI/Brookings, eds., 1996. "Building a Better California: The Tax Reform Component," with other members of the Task Force on California Tax Reform and Reduction. "Toward a More Accurate Measure of the Cost of Living: Interim Report," (with E. Dulberger, R. Gordon, Z. Griliches and D. Jorgenson), The Advisory Commission to Study the Consumer Price Index, 1995. "A Framework for Understanding the Tax Reform Debate," in M<mask>, ed., Frontiers of Tax Reform, 1996, Hoover Institution Press. "An Economist's Evaluation of the Political Discourse on Fundamental Tax Reform Proposals," Center for Economic Policy Research Discussion Paper Series Publication No.446, December 1995. "Toward a More Accurate Measure of the Cost of Living: Final Report to the Senate Finance Committee," (with E. Dulberger, R. Gordon, Z. Griliches and D. Jorgenson), Washington, DC, U.S. Government Printing Office, for the U.S. Senate Committee on Finance, December 1996. "Lies, Damned Lies, and (Faulty) Statistics," The International Economy, Jan/Feb 1997. "The CPI Commission," Business Economics, March 1997. "The CPI Commission: Findings and Recommendations," (with E. Dulberger, R. Gordon, Z. Griliches and D. Jorgenson), American Economic Review, May 1997. "Implications of Overstating Inflation for Indexing Government Programs and Understanding Economic Growth," (with D. Jorgenson), American Economic Review, May 1997. "Inflation and Its Discontents," The American Economic Association/American Finance Association Joint Luncheon Address, Hoover Essays in Public Policy, 1997."Some Thoughts on Improving Economic Statistics," US Congress, Joint Economic Committee, October 1997; also appears in Hoover Essays in Public Policy, 1998. "Consumer Prices, the Consumer Price Index and the Cost of Living," (with E. Dulberger, R. Gordon, Z. Griliches, and D. Jorgenson) Journal of Economic Perspectives, Winter 1998. "Capitalism and Its Discontents," The Adam Smith Prize Lecture, Business Economics, January 1999. "From Edgeworth to Vickrey to Mirrlees," The Vickrey Distinguished Lecture, International Atlantic Economic Society, Atlantic Economic Journal, March, 2000. "Measuring Economic Performance: Progress and Challenges," American Economic Review, May 2000. "Generalized Solow Neutral Technical Progress and Postwar Economic Growth," with Lawrence J. Lau, NBER Working Paper No. 8023, December 2000."At What Price? Review of National Academy Panel Report on the Consumer Price Index", January 2003, AEA Meetings. "The Comparative Postwar Economic Performance of the G-7 Countries", with L. Lau, mimeo May, 2003. "Consumer Price Indexes", Concise Encyclopedia of Economics, D. Henderson, ed., Liberty Fund, Inc., Library of Economics and Liberty, Fall 2004. "The Economic Agenda: A View from the U.S.", Review of International Economics, Fall 2004. "Causes and Consequences of Bias in the Consumer Price Index as a Measure of the Cost of Living", Atlantic Economic Journal 33(1), March, 2005. "Perspectives on Tax Reform", Tax Notes, January 2006."Eight Lessons of Public Finance in Developing Countries", China Development Forum, State Council of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, March, 2006. "Taxation and Saving," Tax Notes, forthcoming, May 2006. References

External links
 Column archive at Project Syndicate

1945 births
American chief executives
American corporate directors
American Enterprise Institute
Directors of ExxonMobil
Living people
George H. W. Bush administration personnel
Harvard University faculty
Hoover Institution people
Oracle employees
Businesspeople from New York City
Stanford University Department of Economics faculty
UC Berkeley College of Letters and Science alumni
University of California, Berkeley faculty
Vodafone people
Yale University faculty
National Bureau of Economic Research
Economists from New York (state)
21st-century American economists
Chairs of the United States Council of Economic

masks:
. Boskin
. Boskin
Boskin
. Boskin


title: Karen A. Cerulo

texts:
<mask><mask> (born January 25, 1957 in Perth Amboy, New Jersey) is an American sociologist specializing in the study of culture, communication and cognition. Currently, she is a Professor of Sociology at Rutgers University and the editor of Sociological Forum, the flagship journal of the Eastern Sociological Society. From 2009 to 2010, she served as the Chair of the American Sociological Association's Culture section, and since 1999, she has directed the section's Culture and Cognition Network. Her book Identity Designs: The Sights and Sounds of a Nation won the section's award for the best book of 1996  and her article "Scents and Sensibilities: Olfaction, Sense-making and Meaning Attribution" won the section's 2019 Clifford Geertz Prize for Best Article. <mask> is a former Vice President of the Eastern Sociological Society. In 2013, she was named the Robin M. Williams Jr. Lecturer by the Eastern Sociological Society; she won that organization's Merit Award in the same year.In 2019, she was elected to the Sociological Research Association. <mask> earned her B.A. from Rutgers University, graduating summa cum laude in 1980. She received her M.A. (1983) and Ph.D. (1985) in sociology from Princeton University. Her dissertation was titled "Social Solidarity and Its Effects on Musical Communication: An Empirical Analysis Of National Anthems." <mask> was an assistant professor of sociology at Stony Brook University from 1985 to 1990.She joined the faculty of Rutgers University in the fall of 1990. In 1994, she received the School of Arts and Sciences’ "Award for Distinguished Contributions to Undergraduate Education." In 2012, she won the university's "Scholar-Teacher Award", an honor bestowed on faculty persons who have made outstanding contributions in both research and teaching. She chaired the Rutgers sociology department from 2009 to 2012. Scholarship
Much of Cerulo's work revolves around symbol systems and their role in communication. She studies both verbal and nonverbal systems, including language, music, graphic images, and scents. While most people focus on the content of symbols, Cerulo prioritizes symbolic structure.She defines symbolic structure as the spatial or temporal organization of a symbol's constituent parts—i.e. the ways in which colors and shapes are combined in visual images or notes, sounds, odors or words are temporally sequenced in musical, olfactory or verbal messages. Cerulo argues that structure, like content, carries meaning for those creating and receiving symbol based messages. Therefore, it is important to understand how symbolic structure resonates with those involved in the communication process. Cerulo unfolds this agenda in several articles and two of her books: Identity Designs: The Sights and Sounds of a Nation and Deciphering Violence: The Cognitive Structure of Right and Wrong. These works highlight two important findings. First, Cerulo shows that certain symbolic structures are associated with predictable reactions from those receiving messages.By uncovering and understanding these patterns, she argues, one can greatly enhance communication effectiveness. Second, she demonstrates that symbol structures vary in predictable ways according to the sociocultural conditions under which they are produced or projected. Contextual factors such as cultural heterogeneity, political or social stability, existing power structures, dominant systems of economic exchange, professional norms of expression, the nature of social ties, or levels of "collective focus" are all associated with certain variants of symbolic structure. (Collective focus is a concept developed by Cerulo to gauge the points of attention to which a collective body is directed at a given moment; others have since utilized the term.) Some describe Cerulo's work on symbolic communication as a "demonstration of research ingenuity," one that "makes important contributions to debates about meaning and measurement." Moreover, "her answers to questions of how rather than what symbols communicate merit the attention of all scholars working in the sociology of culture and symbolic anthropology." In line with her interest in symbolic communication, Cerulo has developed a number of quantitative indicators that capture the essence of symbol structures.For example, her measures of musical structure capture elements of melodic, harmonic and rhythmic motion, ornamentation and dissonance. Her measures of graphic images capture levels of density, contrast and distortion. In dealing with scents, she measures the diversity, contrast and temporal ordering of scent components. These measures allow one to classify the relative complexity of symbol structures. As a result, Cerulo's measures make cultural objects such as paintings, logos, anthems, songs, even perfumes accessible sources of social science data, amenable to the field's most rigorous analytic methods. The development of these measures earned Cerulo recognition as "a methodological pioneer in symbolic research." In addition to studying the tools of communication, Cerulo is also interested in communication media.She has written extensively on the ways in which new communication technologies can change definitions and perceptions of social actors, social groups, and appropriate sites of action. She also problematizes the distinction between direct and mediated communication and she explores the contexts in which social connectedness and social cohesion develop in lieu of physical co-presence. Her work "presents a sophisticated typology of forms of interaction which goes beyond simple dichotomies like direct vs. mediated." In recent years, Cerulo has worked to establish a dialog between cognitive neuroscience and cognitive sociology. Her edited collection, Culture in Mind: Toward a Sociology of Culture and Cognition, as well as several review pieces  suggest viable links between these disciplines’ approach to conceptualization and schematization, habituation and attention, nurturance and attachment, cognitive styles, and memory storage. <mask>'s book Never Saw It Coming: Cultural Challenges to Envisioning the Worst  also forwarded this agenda.In it, she builds on two cognitive scientific ideas, prototyping and graded membership, to explain a sociocultural phenomenon she calls "positive asymmetry"—i.e. a blind optimism associated with a disregard for worst-case scenarios. <mask>'s work documents the widespread nature of positive asymmetry, tracking its influence in key events in the life cycle, the sites of work and play, and in the organizations and bureaucracies that structure social life. She shows that while definitions of best and worst change over time and place, the tendency to prioritize the best is rather constant. Most communities maintain cultural practices (what she calls "eclipsing", "clouding" and "recasting") that background materials dealing with worst-cases or negative concepts. Her work also identifies certain structural conditions under which these cultural practices are more or less likely to be used. "In a daring extrapolation, Cerulo argues that this individual grading is recapitulated in cultural cognition."She suggests that the cultural practices associated with positive asymmetry harness the brain's propensity toward asymmetrical thinking. The practices take the mechanic of human brain operations and encode that process into a much more targeted and specialized experiential bias. <mask>'s work concludes by reviewing both the helpful and debilitating consequences of positive asymmetry. She also questions whether this highly entrenched phenomenon can ever (or should ever) be corrected. Organizations expert Karl Weick says of the book, "This book is a welcome addition to an already growing literature on worst cases … What Cerulo adds to this mix is a mechanism, a catalog of cultural practices that make it difficult for people to envision the worst, a broader range of settings in which this imbalance plays out, initial efforts to characterize settings where negative symmetry is acceptable and encouraged, insistence that the unique details of worst cases are what is important, and a solid grounding at the individual level of analysis with the cognitive principle of ‘graded membership’." Journalist Barbara Ehrenreich called the book "remarkable" as it "recounts a number of ways that the habit of positive thinking … undermined preparedness and invited disaster." The book was the topic of an "Author Meets Critics" session at the 2008 Annual Meeting of the American Sociological Association.In an effort to spotlight <mask>'s critiques of the optimism agendas forwarded in books such as Rhonda Byrne's The Secret, writer John Gravois initiated a campaign in Slate magazine to have <mask> interviewed on The Oprah Winfrey Show. "The Secret tells us to visualize best-case scenarios and banish negative ones from our minds," wrote Gravois. "Never Saw It Coming says that's what we've been doing all along—and we get blindsided by even the most foreseeable disasters because of it." Selected publications
 <mask>, <mask>. (2018). "Scents and Sensibilities: Olfaction, Sense-making and Meaning Attribution." American Sociological Review 83(2): 361-389.<mask>, <mask> and Janet M. Ruane. (2014)  "Apologies of the Rich and Famous: Social, Cultural and Cognitive Explanations of Why We Care and Why We Forgive." Social Psychology Quarterly 77: 2: 123-149. <mask>, <mask>. (2010)  "Mining the Intersections of Cognitive Sociology and Neuroscience." Poetics 38: 2: 115-132. <mask>, <mask>.(2009) "Non-Humans in Social Interaction." Annual Review of Sociology vol. 35: 531-552. <mask>, <mask>. (2006)  Never Saw It Coming: Cultural Challenges to Envisioning the Worst. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. .
 <mask>, <mask>  A. (2002)  Culture in Mind: Toward A Sociology of Culture and Cognition.New York/London: Routledge. .
 <mask>, <mask>. (1998)  Deciphering Violence: The Cognitive Structure of Right and Wrong. New York/London: Routledge. .
 <mask>, <mask>. and Ruane, Janet M.  (1998)  "Coming Together: New Taxonomies for the Analysis of Social Relations." Sociological Inquiry 68: 3: 398-425. <mask>, <mask>  A. (1995)  Identity Designs: The Sights and Sounds of A Nation. The Arnold and Caroline Rose Book Series of the American Sociological Association.New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.  .

References

External links
 Faculty page for Cerulo - http://www.sociology.rutgers.edu/faculty/147-cerulo-karen-a
 Culture and Cognition Network page -  http://www.sas.rutgers.edu/virtual/cultcog/cultcog.html
 ResearchGate page - https://web.archive.org/web/20150511122028/http://www.asanet.org/journals/RoseSeriesBookList/AuthorList.cfm
 Sociological Forum page - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/%28ISSN%291573-7861

American sociologists
American women sociologists
1957 births
Living people
People from Perth Amboy, New Jersey
21st-century American women

masks:
Karen A
. Cerulo
Cerulo
Background Cerulo
Cerulo
Cerulo
Cerulo
Cerulo
Cerulo
Cerulo
Cerulo
Karen A
Cerulo
Karen
Cerulo
Karen A
Cerulo
Karen A
Cerulo
Karen A
Cerulo
Karen
Cerulo
Karen A
Cerulo
Karen A
Cerulo
Karen


title: Steve Poleskie

texts:
Stephen '<mask>' <mask> (born 1938 in Pringle, Pennsylvania) was an artist and writer. The son of a high school teacher, Poleskie graduated from Wilkes University in 1959 with a degree in Economics. A self-taught artist, Poleskie had his first one-person show at the Everhart Museum, Scranton, Pennsylvania in 1958, while still in college. These works were largely abstract expressionistic in nature. Beginning of the artistic career
After graduation <mask> was employed briefly in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, as an insurance agent and commercial artist, before moving to Miami where he worked as a designer in a screen-printing shop. He remained in Florida only three months before leaving for the Bahamas and Cuba. His next job was as an art teacher at Gettysburg High School where David Eisenhower was one of his students.During this time he exhibited at the Duo Gallery in New York, and the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts in Philadelphia. Leaving Gettysburg, <mask> drove to Mexico and California, returning to Pennsylvania, via Canada. Move to New York and founding Chiron Press
In 1962 <mask> took a studio on 10th Street in New York City. At that time the New York School of art, also called the Tenth Street School, because most of the galleries were located on or near this street on Manhattan's lower East Side, was considered the dominant art movement in the world. Rather than join the ranks of the Abstract Expressionists, <mask> enrolled in art classes at The New School with the figurative painter Raphael Soyer. <mask> and Soyer soon became friends, and Soyer painted several paintings of his student. At the time, <mask> had abandoned his abstract painting and was doing figurative work.When Poleskie had his first one-person show in New York at Morris Gallery, Soyer bought a painting. Morris later sold a large Poleskie to the playwright Lanford Wilson. Involved in the New York art scene, Poleskie became friends with many of the artists and critics of the day including, Elaine and Willem de Kooning, Frank O'Hara, and Louise Nevelson. In 1963 Poleskie opened a screen-printing studio in a storefront on East 11th Street. This became Chiron Press , the first fine-art screen-printing shop in New York. The business was soon moved to larger quarters at 76 Jefferson Street. During the five years he ran the operation the names of the artists who had prints made at Chiron Press reads like a who's who of the artists of the 60s and includes such figures as Robert Rauschenberg, Roy Lichtenstein, Andy Warhol, James Rosenquist, Alex Katz, Robert Motherwell, and Helen Frankenthaler.One of the printers at Chiron Press was the young artist Brice Marden. <mask>'s own screen prints from this time, rather minimal landscapes, the figures of the earlier works having walked out of the picture, were purchased by numerous museums including the Metropolitan Museum, the Museum of Modern Art, and the Whitney Museum, in New York, and the National Collection in

Aerobatic performances

In 1968, wanting more time to devote to his own art, <mask> sold Chiron Press and accepted a teaching position at Cornell University in Ithaca, NY. It was here that he learned to fly, and developed his Aerial Theater, a unique art-in-the-sky form, for which he is best known. In his Aerial Theater performances <mask> flew an aerobatic biplane, trailing smoke, through a series of maneuvers to create a four-dimensional design in the sky, e.g. in Hollywood/FL (1983), Richmond (1985), Southampton (1989), Clemson (1989). Musicians, dancers, and parachutists often accompanied these pieces. This work was very popular in Europe, especially Italy, where Poleskie lived on and off for over three years.Italian art critic Enrico Crispolti called Aerial Theater the logical extension of Futurism, and the French art critic Pierre Restany, writing in the Italian art magazine D’ars dubbed it "Planetary Art" on the scale with Christo’s installations. Poleskie's biplane and drawings for various performances were exhibited at the Louis K. Meisel Gallery in New York in 1978 and 1979. Twenty-seven years after he began to fly, in 1998, having reached the age of sixty, and feeling his body could no longer take the excessive G forces imposed on it by the aerobatic maneuvers, Poleskie ceased flying altogether, and sold his airplanes. Works on paper from his Aerial Theater period are in many public collections including the Victoria and Albert Museum, and the Tate Gallery in London; the Kunstverin in Kassel, Germany, the Castlevecchio in Verona, Italy, and the State Museum, in Lodz, Poland. Poleskie's work has been exhibited widely. Among the cities he has had his work shown, or done performances, are New York, Boston, Washington D. C., Los Angeles, San Francisco, Berkeley, Toledo, Richmond, Williamsburg, San Antonio, and Miami, in the USA; London, Southampton, Loughborough, and the Isle of Wight in the UK; Rome, Milan, Bologna, Brescia, Como, Trento, Turin, Verona, and Palermo in Italy; Munich, Stuttgart, and Kassel, in Germany; Linz in Austria; Ljubljana, Zagreb, and Belgrade, in the former Yugoslavia; Moscow and Saint Petersburg in Russia; Warsaw, Gdansk, and Lodz, in Poland; Tbilisi in the Republic of Georgia; Vilnius in Lithuania; Freetown in Sierra Leone; Stockholm in Sweden; Rio de Janeiro in Brazil; Tegucigalpa and San Pedro Sula in Honduras; Barcelona, Madrid, and Cadaque in Spain; Locarno in Switzerland; and Tokyo and Kyoto in Japan. Writing fiction
Since 1998 Poleskie has been devoting himself mainly to writing fiction, including a biographical novel on the Civil War Balloonist Thaddeus S. C. Lowe.In 2000 he destroyed a vast number of his early art works, and withdrew all the rest from the market. In 2004 <mask> took up digital photography, and had his first show of these images in Ithaca in January 2006. <mask> was married to the author Jeanne Mackin. The couple lived in Ithaca, New York. Additional information on <mask> can be found in Who's Who in America, (2006) and Who's Who in the World, (2006) and on his web site, www.stephenpoleskie.com

Death
<mask> passed away on December 21, 2019. He is survived by his widow, Jeanne Mackin. Bibliography
 <mask>, Stephen (2007) The Balloonist: The Story of T. S. C. Lowe---Inventor, Scientist, Magician, and Father of the U.S. Air Force, Frederic C. Beil, Publisher, Savannah, Georgia,
 <mask>, Stephen (2008)  The Third Candidate, Wasteland Press, Shelbyville, KY,
 <mask>, Stephen (2009) Grater Life, Wasteland Press, Shelbyville, KY,

References

Further reading
 Hildibrand, June (1967) Artists Proof, the Annual of Prints and Printmaking, Pratt Graphics Center, NY, and Barre Publishers, MA Silkscreen Printing by <mask>, p 78-82, 1 black and white reproduction A Note on Chiron Press, p 83-4
 various authors (1968) Artists Proof, the Annual of Prints and Printmaking, Pratt Graphics Center, NY, and Barre Publishers, MA, Poleskie, <mask>, tipped in screen print (4 colors) p 7
 Biegeleisen, J. I.Bowker, New Providence, NJ, Poleskie, Stephen Francis, 884, also 1993, 94, 95, 96, etc. (2007) 99 Jumpstarts for Kids, Libraries Unlimited,

External links
 Where is Stephen (<mask>) Poleskie Now? (Blog)
  Stephen Poleskie Web Site

American artists
1938 births
Living people

masks:
Steve
Poleskie
Poleskie
Poleskie
Poleskie
Poleskie
Poleskie
Poleskie
Poleskie
Poleskie
Poleskie
Poleskie
Stephen Poleskie
Poleskie
Steve Poleskie
Poleskie
Poleskie
Poleskie
Steve Poleskie
Steve
Steve


title: Evi Hassapides Watson

texts:
<mask> is a Greek musician, known primarily as a vocalist. Singer/Songwriter <mask> (stage name for Evdoxia Chasapidi) is best known as "The Voice"  as lead vocalist for two iconic Greek underground bands, No Man's Land and Echo Tattoo. She Tames Chaos are her current, third band. <mask>, whom the specialist music press have named "Queen of the Greek Underground" and "Greece's leading female vocalist". is considered to be "one of the most influential female performers in Greece"

<mask> was raised amongst Greek Americans, Americans, Brits and Canadian-Americans (one of the latter being her uncle <mask> a.k.a. Hap, Director of Broadcast Standards for WNBC, NY, until his retirement in 1975). As a result, she embraced the American culture and the English language as her vessel in lyrics that examine multiple layers of the human psyche.A passionate feminist and an equal rights supporter <mask> writes about love, injustice and the human condition. <mask>'s first recordings were made on a Sony tape recorder at the age of three, by her father. Career
<mask> first appears in Greek discography, as one of the two singers (Athanassiades being the other one) in No Man's Land's first album, Zalion, in 1988. The album and the band gained great popularity and critical praise much due to <mask>'s vocals and stage performances. No Man's Land toured Greece, playing in various bars and stages, and represented Greece at the 1986 Biennale in Thessaloniki, side by side with other important Greek Bands of the time such as Libido Blume. In September 1989 she leaves No Man's Land to create Echo Tattoo with Panos Kourtsounis. Echo Tattoo released three albums with four different Labels: Self-Titled Echo Tattoo -1992- Studio II, Room of toys -1997- FM Records (on which the band worked with producer Bryan New, in Bath and London, UK), Mind your Step -2008- Recycled Recordings (on which <mask> is the primary songwriter as well as the mixing engineer and producer) and a Vinyl re-issue of Mind Your Step with Labyrinth of thoughts in 2014.All the covers for the 200 copies of the vinyl re-issue of Mind your Step, were hand-painted by <mask> herself. As a multi-instrumentalist, <mask> was able to record a multitude of additional vocal sounds and instrument riffs on Mind Your Step. She edited, mixed  and produced a large portion of the album. Echo Tattoo are one of the most significant bands of the Athenian Underground Scene but have not always been active, as band members changed often, a fact which led to periods of inactivity followed by periods of new members' training. In 1993 they made the cover of Billboard magazine as Leaders of the Greek Rock Scene. The band toured Greece numerous times, supported U2 in their POP MART tour stop in Greece and won the 1996 SCYPE (Song Competition of Youth Programs in Europe) Competition which was held in Copenhagen on March 24, 1996, and was broadcast by the Official Radio Stations of all European Union Country Members, during which the listeners voted in favor of Echo Tattoo's recording of their original song "Over", which was mainly composed by <mask>. Her current bands are She Tames Chaos with whom she writes, sings and produces and Robert Sin and the Huckleberries, with whom she plays the bass and sings backing vocals.<mask> earns a living as a copy editor for Greek Business File, an English-spoken magazine that analyses the Greek Economy published by Economia Group, and an English tutor. She has been known to work in various Artistic fields as well as Advertising and Film: Painter (her murals and paintings decorated some notable Athenian and Spartan pubs and bars),  Voice Over Talent, Actress, Vocalist, Composer, Ad Script Writer, Translator, Sub-titlist. Discography

Associated acts Albums
No Man's Land - Zalion - Pegasus Records - Vinyl LP - 1988
Echo Tattoo - Echo Tattoo - Studio II - Vinyl LP - 1992
Echo Tattoo - Room of Toys - FM Records - CD Album -1997
Echo Tattoo - Mind Your Step - Recycled Recordings - CD Album -2008
Echo Tattoo - Mind Your Step - Labyrinth Of Thoughts - Vinyl LP - 2014
Robert Sin and the Huckleberries - ...And The Ghosts In Between -  G.O.D. Records - CD Album - 2016
She Tames Chaos - Oh, Fair father where Art Thou? - God Records - Vinyl LP - 2016

Guest Lead & Backing Vocals
1. Tr: Various - Purple Overdose - Exit #4 - Pegasus Records - Vinyl LP - 1988
2. Tr: The Sea - Yeah!- Yeah!- Ano Kato Records- Vinyl LP - 1988
3. Tr: Stilpni in'i nychta & 1 more - Symmoria - Nychtes - Ano Kato Records - Vinyl LP - 1989
4. Tr: Reptile Dance, Black Snow - Flowers Of Romance - Brilliant Mistakes - FM Records - CD Album -1996
5. Tr: Iparchi mono agapi - Markos Papasifakis - Pame ki erchomasste - Warehouse Records - CD Album - 1996
6. Tr: Various - Christos Vogiatzis - Se dyo kosmous - Warehouse Records - CD, Single - 1996
7. Tr: O Erastis tis fygis - Evnus - To kako oniro - Warehouse Records - CD Single - 1996
8. Tr: Innocent Lie - Matisse - Cheap As Art - Columbia - CD Album - 2005
9.Tr: What You Sing Is What You Get, Scream for I, Spanish Class, Sun Song, Seashell In My Drink, <mask>'s LamentBlend (Mishkin) - Man Under Influence - Sirius - CD Album - 2005
10. Tr: Smoke, Jam Skit, Fuck The System/Use Your Imagination - Blend (Mishkin)-Misplaced - Cast-A-Blast 2006
11: Tr: Run To Your Mama - 7-Odds - People Wanna See - Front Yard -  EP - 2015

Compilation Albums
1. Tr: No Man's Land -Blue Train - Various - Cicadas (An Electric Guide To The Greek Underground) LP-Comp - Pegasus Records 1987
2. Tr: Echo Tattoo: The Do it Story - Various - Studio II Collection - Studio II Records - LP-Comp - 1991
3. Tr: Echo Tattoo - Refugee, Bliss - Assemble the Temple - Various – In The Junkyard Volume Two - Spinalonga Records - CD Comp - 2005

References

External links

 Living Postcards The New face of Greece Article: <mask> Hassapides <mask>

 She Tames Chaos @ Floral Live
 Avopolis Music Network - She Tames Chaos
 Return to Forever by She Tames Chaos on Avopolis Music Network
 Echo Tattoo Mind Your Step Re-issue
 http://www.avopolis.gr/albums/greek-albums/24094-echo-tattoo-sp-1559485608
  <mask> Hassapides <mask> Sings for Blend Mishkin
 Echo Tatoo & Bliss
 Echo Tattoo Album
 <mask> H.W. Appears live on stage with The Last Drive on their 30th Year Live Celebration @ Gagarin Club
 Echo Tattoo on Grohings Well

Greek singer-songwriters
Living people
Musicians from Corfu
Year of birth missing (living people)

masks:
Evi Hassapides Watson
Evi Hassapides Watson
Watson
Watson
Carl Maxwell Watson
Watson
Watson
Watson
Watson
Watson
Watson
Watson
Watson
Watson
Evi
Evi
Watson
Evi
Watson
Evi


title: Tod Murphy

texts:
<mask> (born December 24, 1963) is an American college basketball coach and retired professional basketball player. Since 2009, <mask> has been the head coach at Gordon College, leading the Fighting Scots to two Commonwealth Coast Conference championships, the first coming in his first season with the team (2009–10) and the second in 2013–14. <mask> played five seasons of professional basketball in the National Basketball Association (NBA). He was selected by the Seattle SuperSonics in the third round (53rd overall) of the 1986 NBA draft. A 6'9" center-forward from the University of California, Irvine, <mask> played for the Los Angeles Clippers, Minnesota Timberwolves, Detroit Pistons and Golden State Warriors over the course of his NBA career. He played in a total of 191 NBA games and scored 1,049 career points. On March 17, 1990, as a member of the Timberwolves, he scored a career-high 24 points against the Los Angeles Lakers.Prior to his tenure at Gordon, <mask> served as an assistant coach for University of California, Riverside, as well as his alma mater at UC Irvine. Professional career

NBA draft and debut (1986–87)
After graduating from UC Irvine, <mask> was selected 53rd overall in the third round of the 1986 NBA draft by the Seattle SuperSonics. After being cut during training camp, he began playing overseas in the Italian League; however, he began sustaining knee cartilage damage in an exhibition game only eight days after his arrival in Europe. He returned home to the United States for surgery, attending several UC Irvine games as a volunteer assistant coach. The following year, <mask> was signed by the Los Angeles Clippers at the beginning of the  as a replacement for Michael Cage, who was a holdout. <mask> played 19 minutes in the opening game of the season but was cut once Cage reagreed to terms with the team. CBA championship MVP (1987–89)
After missing two months with mononucleosis, <mask> then signed with the Albany Patroons of the Continental Basketball Association (CBA) for the remainder of the 1987–88 season.The Patroons would go on to win the 1988 CBA championship, while <mask> ended the season as the most valuable player of the CBA championship series. Towards the end of the season, <mask> earned an offer from the Golden State Warriors to join the team for the final 16 days of the NBA season, but declined the offer to focus on winning the CBA title. <mask> later recalled of the situation, "To play in the NBA was my lifetime dream and I couldn't have passed it up. But we were right in the middle of the playoffs and I wanted to win the championship so badly... So I stayed." He received tryout camp invitations from both the Warriors and Boston Celtics in the 1988 offseason, but was not offered a regular-season contract by either team. <mask> spent the 1988–89 season playing in Spain for BBV Collado Villalba.He played in all 36 games for the team, averaging 18.6 points and 9.5 rebounds in 37.1 minutes per game. Breakout years with Minnesota Timberwolves (1989–92)
During the summer of 1989, the Minnesota Timberwolves, who were one of two new expansion teams for the 1989–90 NBA season invited <mask> to a free agent camp and a rookie camp in June and July respectively. On August 16, 1989, <mask> signed a one-year contract with the team. <mask> said that he considered his opportunity with the Timberwolves "one more chance" to launch his NBA career, adding, "If it doesn't work out this time, I'll make a career overseas." The Timberwolves began their season with only five victories in their first 26 games, leading Timberwolves head coach Bill Musselman to make some rotation changes, which included inserting <mask> into the starting lineup. <mask> played the rest of the season as a regular starter, setting a then-team record on January 2 with 20 rebounds in a game against the Clippers. On March 17, <mask> set a career-high by scoring 24 points against the Los Angeles Lakers, a game the Timberwolves narrowly lost (101–99).Despite some minor injuries (leading the Los Angeles Times Mike Penner to call him "Minnesota's man of 10,000 aches"), <mask> played in all 82 games of the Timberwolves' inaugural season. Move to Houston, injury (1992–93)
After being waived by Minnesota, <mask> joined the Houston Rockets for an offseason workout and signed with the team before the 1992–93 season began. However, early in his tenure with the team, he suffered a recurring hamstring injury, forcing him to miss most of the season. <mask> eventually recovered for the final two months of the season but never played a game for the Rockets as the team did not want to lose their chemistry. He earned $500,000 from his contract with Houston. Return to CBA, brief stints with Detroit, Golden State (1993–94)
<mask> participated in offseason tryouts with the Clippers and Charlotte Hornets but failed to receive a spot on either roster. He eventually returned to the CBA with the Rochester Renegade, who acquired him in November.The move reunited him with Musselman. <mask> received a call-up from the Detroit Pistons on December 16. He was waived by the team on January 6. <mask> then signed a ten-day contract with the Warriors on January 17 as a replacement for Byron Houston after Houston suffered a sprained ankle. Final years as a player (1994–98)
<mask> spent his final seasons playing for teams in Italy, Greece, Spain, and Japan. He returned to Italy to join Kleenex Pistoia for the remainder of 1994. He then joined Valvi Girona in Spain for the 1994–95 season.After a brief stint in Greece, <mask> spent the following season (1995–96) with Italy's Virtus Roma. His final two seasons came with the Daiwa Securities Hot Blizzards in Japan, where he played until his retirement in 1998. players
Liga ACB players
Los Angeles Clippers players
Minnesota Timberwolves players
Niigata Albirex BB players
Olimpia Basket Pistoia players
Pallacanestro Virtus Roma players
People from Lakewood, California
Power forwards (basketball)
Rochester Renegade players
Seattle SuperSonics draft picks
Sportspeople from Long Beach, California
UC Irvine Anteaters men's basketball coaches
UC Irvine Anteaters men's basketball players
UC Riverside Highlanders men's basketball coaches

masks:
Tod James Murphy
Murphy
Murphy
Murphy
Murphy
Murphy
Murphy
Murphy
Murphy
Murphy
Murphy
Murphy
Murphy
Murphy
Murphy
Murphy
Murphy
Murphy
Murphy
Murphy
Murphy
Murphy
Murphy
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Murphy
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Murphy


title: Sonia Gutiérrez

texts:
<mask> (born 1947 in Cúcuta, Colombia) is an artist specializing in drawings, oil paintings, and print making. Her artwork is known for focusing on issues and events occurring in Colombia, particularly as a response to the political climate during the 1970s. Because of the political tone she took in her art, she was exiled from Colombia in the mid 1990s. Education
<mask> attended the School of Fine Arts at the National University of Colombia. Following this, she continued her studies at Atelier 17 in Paris, a school founded by Stanley William Hayter, an English artist. Context
Gutierrez was an artist who was raised in and made art out of Colombia. In the 1930s the country saw a rise in export industry and modernization.At the same time, their government was run by rigged elections through corruption and buying votes. With the growing demand for social change, the Liberal party emerged. Colombia found itself caught between the Conservative and Liberal parties fighting for power. From approximately 1948 to 1958, extreme violence and atrocities began taking place, a period named “La Violencia.” It was essentially an intense political feud between Liberals and Conservatives, causing more than 200,000 people to lose their lives. These deaths were incredibly brutal and cruel as the government was responsible for horrifically torturing people. In 1957, Liberals and Conservatives produced the Declaration of Sitges, agreeing alternation of Conservative and Liberal presidents to alleviate some of the tension and violence. Despite this, violence still continued to occur and citizens were still suffering.<mask>’s political turmoil with Colombia and pointing out the issues led to her exile. Career
<mask> held her first group exhibition in 1962, before going to study in France. In the following years, she had solo exhibitions in multiple locations including Bogotá, Cucuta, Medellin, and Bucaramanga, where she displayed several works, such as, Los que son (1968). <mask>'s work was influenced by Pop Art and focuses on the political struggles of Colombia, as seen in her 1972 painting Seguiremos diciendo patria, which portrays a man and a woman being hung upside down by their ankles, with their backs turned to the viewer. In addition, her paintings were representations of the violence between the people and the dictatorship. In 1977, she created the painting Y con unos lazos me izaron (And They Lifted Me Up With Rope), which she based on the case of Dr. Olga López who, along with her five-year-old daughter, was arrested unjustly and tortured by Colombian police officers for two years. The name comes from López's testimony, where she stated that she was tied up with rope and lifted and is meant to represent men and women who were victimized or murdered by the State of Colombia.Gutiérrez does not show the faces of the people she paints but instead discloses their name and situation. In 2017, Gutierrez was included in a large exhibition at the Hammer Museum entitled "Radical Women: Latin American Art, 1960-1985. Major themes of the exhibition included resistance and fear. These are conveyed in <mask>’s artwork that was displayed that showed a faceless women hung upside down, Y con unos lazos me izaron. In a review of the exhibition, Sara Solaimani noted that the feature of the exhibition is "a dynamic experience that draws the viewer into their bodies, movements, feelings, and thoughts". Style
Gutiérrez used patterns, textures, and vivid colors to give a sense of pop aesthetic. While many artists continued to work with abstraction or expressionism, Gutierrez transitioned to her new "go-go" period in the 1960s.Then, in the 1970s, she started incorporating political themes and messages in her artwork. Pop art is an art movement that emerged in the United Kingdom and the United States during the mid-to-late 1950s. The movement presented a challenge to traditions of fine art by including imagery from popular and mass culture, such as advertising, comic books and mundane cultural objects. Artists that were known for creating Pop Art include the American artist, Andy Warhol, with one of his known paintings being the Campbell's Soup Cans in 1962 and Shot Marilyns 1964. The pop art aesthetic that became Gutierrez signature style lead an art critic, Gloria Valencia Diago to label her “go-go de pies a cabeza" (go-go from head to toe). Valencia Diago wrote that Gutiérrez was evolving as an artist and moved from abstractionism to academism with a sense of spontaneity that would make her art more interesting and attract people. <mask>, while continuing to retain her pop art aesthetic, began to create art that was more political and that in a sense would open communication about the violence that was happening in Colombia.She shifted her artistic pop art career to a more political one in the 1970s, two of her political art pieces, that are popular are titled, "Siguiremos diciendo patria" (We’ll Keep Saying Homeland) and "Y con unos lazos me izaron" (And They Lifted Me Up With Rope). In these pieces, she painted the violence that was occurring, with men and women tied up in ropes, hung upside down. Distinctions and honors
Gutiérrez received several distinctions and honors during the 1960s: Premio Pintura at the 3rd Salón 10 de mayo (1965), Primer Premio Dibujo at the 10th Salón Cano (1966), honors at the 1st Bienal Iberoamericana de Pintura Coltejer in Medellin (1968) with her painting Pintura Pop (1968, Fourth Prize that Gutiérrez won at the III Salón Nacional de Pintura [Third National Painting Salon] that was organized by Croydon, a private company, in 1967. Artwork

Pintura Pop (Pop Painting), 1968 (acrylic on canvas)[
This was presented at the first Coltejer Biennial in Medellín, Colombia in 1967 with which she won second honorable mention. This artwork shows two faceless females wearing colorful outfits; one wears an orange yellow, and brown dress, and the other wears a light blues skirt with dark blue fringe and a different blue shirt with brown stripes. There is also a fancy chair in the color mustard yellow with a matching rug. Seguiremos diciendo patria (We’ll Keep Saying Homeland), 1972 (acrylic on canvas)
This artwork shows both a male and a female with their backs turned to us making them faceless.They both are bound with rope around their ankles and hung upside down, serving as evidence of the torture that the citizens were enduring those times. It shows how people are complacent in their affection for the nation, even after being treated bad in their home country, the title of the artwork shows loyalty and love for it. Cimitarra: Vivo o muerto al aeropuerto (Cimitarra: Alive or Dead at the Airport), 1976 (linocut)
This is a black-and-white painting that is showcased amongst other two similar paintings, Mas allá del estado de sitio, and Operación rastrillo. This painting shows two feet and one hand, you can see that there is rope around at least one ankle, but it is in between toes on both feet, and it appears that the person's hand might be bound as well. Mas allá del estado de sitio (Beyond the State of Siege), 1976 (linocut)
This is a black-and-white painting that shows two feet facing up with rope around the toes. You can see that the rope is tied around another object as to show how the person was bound to something. Operación rastrillo (Search Operation), 1976 (linocut)
This is another black-and-white artwork.You only see disembodied feet with the big toes wrapped around the rope, against a woven background. Unlike her other pieces, it's not visible whether the person painted is hung or if they have fallen. Magdalena Medio, 1977 (acrylic on canvas)
This painting is an unusual image of a woman suspended horizontally from a thick rope and ties her right leg and hands to her back with firm knots. She has her back to us, her head hangs from her neck, her left leg twists in the air, she wears her bare feet, a simple white blouse and a brown skirt hanging from her hip. Y con unos lazos me izaron (And They Lifted Me Up With Rope), 1979 (acrylic on canvas)
This depicts a faceless woman in a purple dress, hung upside down and bound by rope from her ankles and wrist. It paints the story of a female doctor who was captured and tortured by the government; including being bound with rope. She uses the visual language of pop to describe what was happening in her country.Others
Dos cajoncitos de dos en dos, alzan la pata y dicen adios (Two Little Boxes Two By Two, Lift Their Leg and Say Adieu) (1967)

Exhibitions
1967, “19th Sala Gregorio Vásquez,” Biblioteca Nacional, Bogotá

1967, “Salón de Artistas Nacionales,” Biblioteca Luis Ángel Arango, Bogotá

1968, “Bienal Iberoamericana de Pintura Coltejer,” Medellín, Colombia

1968, “1st Bienal de Artes Plásticas,” Lima, Peru

1991, “Artistas santandereanos en la década del 1960,” Museo de Arte Moderno de Bucaramanga, Colombia

References
Footnotes

Sources
Estrada, Leonel. “Arte En Colombia, 1981-2006: Tercera Bienal De Arte Coltejer, Medellin, Colombia, 1972. Medellín, Colombia: Colina, [1973].” Google Books, books.google.com/books? Fajardo-Hill, Cecilia & Guerrero, Marcela. "Latina Art Through the Exhibition Lens: Radical;Sourcesl Women: Latin American Art, 1960-1985." Diálogo, vol. 20 no.1, 2017, pp. 133–140. Project MUSE, doi:10.1353/dlg.2017.0015
Fajardo-Hill, C. (n.d.). Modern Abstraction in Latin America. Retrieved January 3, 2019, from
Guerrero, Marcela. “<mask>rrez.” Hammer Museum, https://hammer.ucla.edu/radical-women/artists/sonia-gutierrez. Gómez Echeverri, Nicolás.“Colombia y El Arte Pop.” Andy Warhol - Mr. America / Colombia y El Arte Pop / Nirma Zárate, https://www.banrepcultural.org/warhol/colombia/gutierrez.html. Medina, Medófilo. “Dos décadas de crisis política colombiana, 1977-1997”, La crisis sociopolítica colombiana, un análisis no coyuntural de la coyuntura. Centro de Estudios Sociales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, 1997. p. 32
Medina, Álvaro. “Pedro Alcántara: plástica combativa”, Procesos del Arte en Colombia. Instituto Colombiano de Cultura, Bogotá, 1978. p. 530
Perez, Carlos E. “Las Bañistas”, La obra de la semana, número 57. Museo de Arte Contemporáneo Minuto de Dios, Bogotá, noviembre 8 de 2005
Rubiano, Germán.“Artistas ‘populares’ y ‘primitivos’”, Historia del Arte Colombiano, Salvat Ed. Tomo 7
Schroeder, Jonathan E. “Andy Warhol: Consumer Researcher.” ACR Special Volumes, 1 Jan. 1997, acrwebsite.org/volumes/8089/volumes/v24/NA-24
Traba, Marta. “El diseño Pop. Sus cuatro soluciones más destacadas: A) Beatriz González, B) <mask>rrez y Ana Mercedes Hoyos, C) Santiago Cárdenas, D) Bernardo Salcedo”, Historia abierta del arte colombiano. 2a. Ed. Bogotá, Colcultura y Museo La Tertulia, 1984.Valencia Diago, Gloria. “<mask>, Una Pintora Go-Go Exhibe En La Sala Gregorio Vázquez.” 13 Sept. 1967. Varios. Catálogo de la exposición Arte Humanidad. Comité Internacional de la Cruz Roja, 1998

“Y Con Unos Lazos Me Izaron (And They Lifted Me up with Rope) - <mask>rrez - Google Arts & Culture.” Google, Google, artsandculture.google.com/asset/y-con-unos-lazos-me-izaron-and-they-lifted-me-up-with-rope/kgHHgAOyABlpXQ
Gutiérrez at mutualart.com

External links
 Radical Women: Latin American Art, 1960-1965 at the Hammer Museum
 Y con unos lazos me izaron (And they lifted me up with a rope) image

Living people
1947 births
Colombian women painters
People from Cúcuta
Colombian printmakers
20th-century Colombian painters
21st-century Bangladeshi painters
National University of Colombia alumni

masks:
Sonia Gutiérrez
Gutiérrez
Gutiérrez
Gutiérrez
Gutiérrez
Gutiérrez
Gutiérrez
Sonia Gutié
Sonia Gutié
Sonia Gutiéz
Sonia Gutié


title: Alessio Sakara

texts:
A professional competitor since 2002, <mask> has also formerly competed for the UFC, Bellator MMA, Jungle Fight, Cage Warriors, and M-1 Global. Background
Born in Rome, <mask> began to compete in soccer at the age of five and was talented, playing the midfielder position. He began training in boxing at the age of 11. At the age of 18 <mask> began training with Roberto Almeida
in Brazilian jiu-jitsu, later earning a black belt under former UFC veteran Marcus "Conan" Silveira. <mask> turned to mixed martial arts after competing in amateur boxing matches because he did not think he would be able to support himself with the little money that boxers in Italy receive, and also did not prefer the tactical approach of the sport. <mask> was also attracted to the rising sport of mixed martial arts after his uncle showed him a VHS tape of UFC 5, which featured a bout between future UFC Hall of Famers Ken Shamrock and Royce Gracie, when <mask> was 19 years old. Mixed martial arts career
Early career
<mask> made his professional mixed martial arts debut in 2002, and compiled a record of 13–3 before being signed by the UFC.Ultimate Fighting Championship
<mask> made his UFC debut at UFC 55, fighting against Ron Faircloth. The bout was ruled a no contest due to an inside leg kick to <mask>'s groin. <mask> next fought Elvis Sinosic at UFC 57 and won a unanimous decision. <mask> was submitted in his next bout at UFC 60 by decorated grappling specialist and former King of the Cage Middleweight Champion Dean Lister. <mask> was next expected to face Wilson Gouveia at UFC 65, but the bout was cancelled when Gouveia withdrew. <mask> lost his second straight fight to Drew McFedries via first-round TKO at UFC 65. <mask> rebounded from these losses when he fought Victor Valimaki at UFC 70, winning via TKO at 1:44 of the first round.At UFC 75, <mask> lost for the third time in four fights, losing via first round TKO to Houston Alexander. <mask> was part of UFC 80 in Newcastle, England, where he won via TKO in the first round against veteran James Lee. Following his victory over Lee, <mask> announced that he would be moving down to the Middleweight division. <mask> lost via TKO in the first round to former WEC Middleweight Champion Chris Leben at UFC 82. At UFC Fight Night 15, <mask> defeated Joe Vedepo via KO in the first round with a head kick, which earning him Knockout of the Night honors. <mask> was then expected to face Jake Rosholt at UFC Fight Night 17 but the bout was cancelled when <mask> had to pull out due to a shoulder injury. <mask> then defeated former title challenger Thales Leites via split decision at UFC 101.<mask> was scheduled to face Rousimar Palhares on December 5, 2009 at The Ultimate Fighter 10 Finale, but had to withdraw after suffering an undisclosed injury while training. He was replaced by Lucio Linhares. <mask> defeated James Irvin via first-round TKO on March 21, 2010 at UFC LIVE: Vera vs. Jones. <mask> was forced to pull out of his fight with Nate Marquardt on July 3, 2010 at UFC 116 due to the death of his father. <mask> was then scheduled to face Jorge Rivera on August 28, 2010 at UFC 118, but Rivera pulled out of the bout with an injury and was replaced by Gerald Harris. <mask> was then forced off the card with an injury and replaced by Joe Vedepo. His bout with Rivera had been rescheduled and was expected to take place on November 13, 2010 at UFC 122, but the fight was cancelled, <mask> intended on competing despite experiencing flu-like symptoms, but the bout was terminated due to <mask> vomiting backstage.<mask> was expected to face Maiquel Falcão on March 3, 2011 at the UFC Live: Sanchez vs. Kampmann event. However, Falcão was injured while training and replaced by Rafael Natal. Then in early February, Natal pulled out of the bout due to a knee injury, and was replaced by promotional newcomer Chris Weidman. <mask> lost a unanimous decision after getting repeatedly taken down and controlled by Weidman's wrestling. The bout between <mask> and Rivera had been rescheduled again for August 6, 2011 at UFC 133, but <mask> was forced out of the bout after tearing the ACL in his knee while training and was replaced by Costas Philippou. <mask> faced Brian Stann on April 14, 2012 at UFC on Fuel TV: Gustafsson vs. Silva. He lost the fight via KO in the first round.<mask> lost to Patrick Côté due to disqualification on November 17, 2012 at UFC 154 after rocking Côte with elbows, only to get caught up in the moment and land multiple blows to the back of Côté's head. A rematch was briefly linked with Côté for March 16, 2013 at UFC 158. However, <mask> was forced out of the bout with a kidney illness. <mask> was slated to face Tom Watson at UFC Fight Night 30. However, Watson was forced out of the bout with an injury and was replaced by Magnus Cedenblad. Subsequently in early October, Cedenblad was forced out of the <mask> bout with an injury and replaced by newcomer Nico Musoke. <mask> lost the fight by submission due to an armbar in the first round and was released from the promotion shortly after.Final Fight Championship
After a nine-month delay, on July 24, 2014, <mask> signed a three-fight deal with the European promotion Final Fight Championship. During the press conference he stated that his UFC career was compromised because he had enormous trouble cutting weight at  and that he will continue his career in the Light Heavyweight division. <mask>'s Final Fight Championship debut took place on December 6, 2014 against Maciej Browarski. The fight was stopped in the first round when <mask> wasn't able to continue after getting injured from tearing his bicep. First Browarski was awarded the victory via TKO (injury), the result was later overturned to a No Contest by the Croatian MMA Federation. In his next fight, <mask> faced off against Lebanon's Dib Akil. Following the opening seconds of the round, in which Akil threw wild hooks that unsuccessfully landed, <mask> took Akil to the ground and piled up punches until the TKO stoppage.Bellator MMA
On November 27, 2015, it was announced that <mask> signed with Bellator MMA. <mask> made his promotional debut against Brian Rogers at Bellators first event in <mask>'s native Italy on April 16, 2016 at Bellator 152. He won via knockout in the second round. On September 21, 2016, it was announced that <mask> would be facing Joey Beltran in the co-main event of Bellator 168 on December 10, 2016. He won via knockout in the first round. <mask> challenged Rafael Carvalho for the Bellator Middleweight Championship on December 9, 2017 at Bellator 190. He lost via knockout in the first round.<mask> headlined Bellator 211 against Kent Kauppinen on December 1, 2018. He lost the fight via knockout in the first round. <mask> faced Canaan Grigsby at Bellator Milan on October 12, 2019. He won the fight via TKO in the first round. On July 10, 2021, it was announced that he was no longer under contract with Bellator. Personal life
<mask> is married and has two sons. Recognizable for his many tattoos, <mask> has the words "Senatus Populusque Romanus" on his forearm, a common marking of soldiers of the Roman Empire, as well as several other tattoos that are a tribute to his ethnic background and love of Roman history.His surname comes from Saqqara, which was a Roman colony in Egypt.

masks: Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara Sakara


title: Asghar Hussain Deobandi

texts:
<mask> (also known as <mask>) (16 October 1877 — 8 January 1945) was an Indian Sunni Muslim scholar who co-founded Madrasatul Islah. Born on 16 October 1877 in a Deoband-based family, claiming descent to Abdul Qadir Jeelani, <mask> was an alumnus of Darul Uloom Deoband, where he studied with <mask>, Azizur Rahman Usmani and Hafiz Muhammad Ahmad. <mask> was a disciple of Imdadullah Muhajir Makki in the Chishti Sufi order. He taught religious sciences at Atala Masjid, Jaunpur and at his alma mater, Darul Uloom Deoband. He co-edited Al-Qasim, a monthly journal published by Darul Uloom Deoband. <mask> died on 8 January 1945 in Surat, and was buried in Rander. His students include Manazir Ahsan Gilani and <mask>.Family background
Mian <mask> <mask>'s ancestors came to India from Baghdad and are descended from Abdul Qadir Jeelani. During the era of Shah Jahan, Sayyid Ghulam Rasool had moved to India along with his family. He was entrusted the imamat and khitabat at the Shahi Masjid of Deoband. He had two sons, Ghulam Nabi and Ghulam Ali. Both brothers married daughters of Shah Ameerullah. Sayyid Ghulam Ali had three daughters and two sons. The elder son Alam Meer was the grandfather of Mian <mask> <mask>.Alam Meer married Azeemun Nisa, the daughter of Shah Hafeezullah. They had a daughter Wajeeh-un-Nisa and son Muhammad Hasan, who was the father of Mian <mask> <mask>. Muhammad Hasan married twice, first to Maryam-un-Nisa, who bore him a son, Sayyid Khursheed, and a daughter Masum-un-Nisa. After Maryam-un-Nisa's death, Muhammad Hasan married her sister Naseeb-un-Nisa, who bore him a son, <mask> <mask>. Birth and education

Birth
Mian <mask> <mask> was born on 16 October 1877 in Deoband to Sayyid Muhammad Hasan and Naseebun Nisa bint Sayyid Mansub Ali. Name and lineage
His ism (given name) was <mask> <mask>. His nasab (patronymic) is: Sayyid <mask> <mask> ibn Sayyid Shah Muhammad Hasan ibn Sayyid Shah Alam Meer ibn Sayyid Ghulam Ali ibn Sayyid Ghulam Rasool Baghdadi ibn Sayyid Shah Faqeerullah Baghdadi ibn Sayyid A’zam Saani ibn Sayyid Nazar Muhammad ibn Sayyid Sultan Muhammad ibn Sayyid A’zam Muhammad ibn Sayyid Abu Muhammad ibn Sayyid Qutbuddin ibn Sayyid Baha’uddeen ibn Sayyid Jamalauddin ibn Sayyid Qutbuddin ibn Sayyid Dawud ibn Muhi’uddin Abu Abdullah ibn Sayyid Abu Saleh Nasr ibn Sayyid Abdur Razzaq ibn Abdul Qadir Jilani.Education
Aged eight, he began studying with Muhammad Abdullah, alias Miyanji Munne Shah and studied Quran from his father and then started to study Persian from him. Later he was enrolled in Darul Uloom Deoband. He continued with the Persian class and studied Persian from Muhammad Yaseen, the father of Muhammad Shafi Deobandi. He studied mathematics from Manzoor Ahmad. He passed the class of Persian with first position and soon received Muwatta Imam Malik as an honorary gift. As <mask> <mask> turned 17 or 18 and reached the Arabic classes in Darul Uloom Deoband, his father died on 20 September 1894. He discontinued his studies for almost one year and started to teach in his ancestral madrasa.At the request of Mahmud <mask>, <mask> <mask> entered the Darul Uloom Deoband again on 1 April 1896 and continued with Arabic classes. He studied Sahih al-Bukhari, Sahih Muslim, Jami` at-Tirmidhi and Sunan Abu Dawood with Mahmud <mask>. His other teachers included Azizur Rahman Usmani and Ghulam Rasool Baghwi. He graduated in 1320 AH and was awarded his certificate from Mahmud <mask> and Hafiz Muhammad Ahmad. He was an authorized disciple of Imdadullah Muhajir Makki in the Chishti branch of Tasawwuf. Career
After graduating from the Darul Uloom Deoband, he worked in the office department of the Darul Uloom for more than one year. Then his teachers Mahmud <mask> and Hafiz Muhammad Ahmad sent him to the madrassa of the Atala Masjid, Jaunpur for the post of head-teacher and he served there for seven years.In the meantime in 1327 AH, he laid the foundation stone of Madrasatul Islah in Sarai Meer, Azamgarh in 1908. He was called to Darul Uloom Deoband and was entrusted with co-editorship of the journal Al-Qasim of the Darul Uloom, while the editor was Maulana Habeebur Rahman. He was entrusted the teaching of Sunan Abu Dawud in Darul Uloom Deoband and he also taught the books of tafsir and fiqh like Jalalayn and Durr-e-Mukhtar. His notable students include Muhammad Shafi <mask>, Manazir Ahsan Gilani. and Mufti Naseem Ahmad Fareedi. He restarted his ancestral madrasa which had been closed since the death of his father. The madrasa came later under the care of his son Sayyid Bilal <mask> (d. 9 February 1990) and is now known as Madrassa Asgharia Qadeem whilst its historical name is Darul Musafireen, Madrasa Taleemul Quran.Literary works
<mask> <mask> has written about thirty books in the Urdu language, including:
 Fatawa Muhammadi
 al-Jawab al-Matin bi-Ahadith Sayyid al-Mursaleen
 Miras al-Muslimin
 Mufeed-ul-Wariseen
 Hayat-e-Khizer
 al-Qawl al-Matin fi al-Iqamati wa at-Taziin
 Gulzar-e-Sunnat
 Molvi Ma'anwi (biography of Rumi)
 Hayat-e-Shaykhul Hind (biography of Mahmud Hasan Deobandi)
 Kulliyat Shaykhul Hind

Marriage and family life
During his student days at Darul Uloom Deoband, <mask> married the daughter of Mushtaq <mask>. She bore him two sons, Sayyid Akhtar <mask> and Mian Bilal <mask>, and one daughter, Fehmeeda. Fehmeeda died eight years after her marriage, and was survived by her son Syed Farhat <mask> who had been associated with Hamdard Dawakhana in Karachi. <mask>'s son Sayyid Akhtar <mask> was a teacher of hadith at Darul Uloom Deoband, and served in the seminary's administration. <mask>'s another son Sayyid Bilal <mask> is survived by three sons, Sayyid Jameel <mask>, Sayyid Khaleel <mask>, and Sayyid Jaleel <mask>; and two daughters, Sajida Khatun and Aabida Khatun. Death
Mian <mask> <mask> died of cardiac arrest on 8 January 1945 (22 Muharram 1364 AH). He is buried in Rander, Surat.See also
 List of students of Mahmud Hasan Deobandi

Notes

References

Bibliography

1877 births
1945 deaths
Deobandis
Indian Sunni Muslim scholars of Islam
People of British India
Darul Uloom Deoband alumni
Darul Uloom Deoband faculty
Students of Mahmud Hasan Deobandi

masks:
Asghar Hussain Deobandi
Mian Sayyid Asghar Hussain
Asghar Hussain Deobandi
Mahmud Hasan Deobandi
Hussain
Hussain
Muhammad Shafi Deobandi
Asghar
Hussain
Asghar
Hussain
Asghar
Hussain
Asghar
Hussain
Asghar
Hussain
Asghar
Hussain
Asghar
Hussain
Asghar
Hussain
Hasan Deobandi
Asghar
Hussain
Hasan Deobandi
Hasan Deobandi
Hasan Deobandi
Deobandi
Hussain Mian
Asghar
Hussain
Hussain
Hussain
Hussain
Hussain
Hussain
Hussain
Hussain
Hussain
Hussain
Hussain
Hussain
Hussain
Asghar
Hussain


title: Dusty Hudock

texts:
David "<mask><mask> (born September 4, 1972 in Cleveland, Ohio) is a retired American soccer goalkeeper. <mask> began his career in the APSL, playing primarily for the Seattle Sounders, before moving to the Charleston Battery of the A-League and USL First Division. Career

Youth and college
<mask> grew up in Phoenix, Arizona and played youth soccer for CISCO Arsenal. He played at the University of Washington from 1991 to 1993, where he was named to the All American Second Team in 1992 and 1993. He was also a member of the US soccer team at the 1991 World Student Games held in Sheffield. At some point during his collegiate career, <mask> also played for the Tucson Amigos of the USISL. Professional
<mask> initially began playing soccer at the college level at the University of Washington, until turning professional by signing with the Seattle Sounders of the A-League in 1994.During his tenure with the Sounders, he primarily served as a backup for then starting goalie Marcus Hahnemann which resulted in minimal appearances for the young goalkeeper. Despite not recording much minutes on the field, he did receive his first piece of silverware as Seattle would become the A-League Champions in 1995. In 1996, the Colorado Rapids drafted <mask> in the second round of the 1996 MLS Inaugural Player Draft. At Colorado, he received the chance to experience being a starter during the commence of earlier part of the season, but was soon after replaced by Chris Woods, and returned to Seattle in 1997. Ironically soon after his release from Colorado, the club would sign his former teammate Hahnemann as his successor, which allowed <mask> to complete for a starting goalkeeper position in Seattle. Hudock superb performances during the 1997 campaign resulted in him to be awarded the A-League Goalkeeper of the Year award. After an exceptional showing at Seattle led him to be sign by the Chicago Fire on a loan, where it got Hudock a MLS championship.In April 1998, he went on loan with the Colorado Rapids., while a late call-up during the playoffs by the Chicago Fire got <mask> an MLS championship ring as he was on the bench in the final. During the time of the 1999 MLS draft it was presumed by many that Tampa Bay Mutiny would sign <mask>, but instead the team signed Scott Garlick. <mask> entered the MLS Draft and was picked up by the Miami Fusion. <mask> started the first three games of the season until usual starter Jeff Cassar returned from injury. Fusion waived <mask>, and he signed with the Charleston Battery on April 15, 1999. In Charleston he earned a reputation for being a prime goalkeeper and an outstanding shot-stopper. His immense contributions brought Charleston to a great level of prestige among the league.During his tenure at Charleston he has established himself as the all-time leading goalkeeper for the Battery with 130 wins and a GAA of 1.08. His Battery records include 91 shutouts and 260 games started. He assisted the club by claiming their second A-League Championship and several Division titles; he was awarded for the second time in his career A-League Goalkeeper of the Year award in 2002. In February, 2010 he was ranked 16th in the USL First Division Top 25 of the Decade, which announced a list of the best and most influential players of the previous decade. In 2000, he posted a career high season by recording 17 victories under his belt, as well receiving his first piece of silverware by winning the Division title. His 2002 season was exceptional, as he managed to finish as the league's leading goalkeeper with 13 shutouts that resulted in a GAA of 0.60. His remarkable season led to him being awarded the A-League Goalkeeper of the Year award, as well receiving the majority of his domestic club's team awards.<mask> would experience a tremendous season with Charleston in 2003, where he provided a pivotal role in the club's championship season. He recorded 11 shutouts that clinched the Southeast Division title and provided a playoff berth for the Battery. In the club's playoff round, <mask> posted three consecutive shutouts against the likes of the Rochester Rhinos, and including the final match against the Minnesota Thunder, which culminated in a 3-0 A-League Championship victory. For his dedication the club honoured him with the Charleston Battery MVP award for the second consecutive year in a row. The following season, Charleston produced a mediocre season because the majority of its championship winning squad went overseas to pursue new opportunities. Despite not making the post season, he led the club to the semifinals of the Lamar Hunt US Open Cup. In 2005, <mask> would pursue other club offers eventually signing with the Rochester Rhinos.His tenure at Rochester met an unfavorable run for the goalkeeper, where he would primarily serve as a substitute to Scott Vallow. This prompted a return to South Carolina in 2006, where he was appointed club captain and once again played an important role in Charleston entry into the playoffs. In 2008, <mask> was part of the Charleston squad that made history in the US Open Cup, by becoming the second USL club in the MLS era of the tournament to reach the tournament championship, where their opponents were D.C. United. Unfortunately in the final, D.C. United came away with a 2-1 victory. During his time at the Battery he won the USL1 in 2003, Battery MVP 02,03,04 Battery defender of the year in 01 and 02 and USL Goalkeeper of the year in 02. Coaching
Following his retirement <mask> settled in the Charleston area and has served as an assistant to Battery head coach Mike Anhaeuser in various capacities. As of 2015 <mask> is the head coach of the Battery's U-18 academy squad playing in the U.S. Soccer Development Academy.Honors

Club

Seattle Sounders A-League Champions 1995

Charleston Battery
A-League Championship
 Champions (1): 2003

Individual
Charleston Battery MVP (3): 2002, 2003, 2004
Charleston Battery Defender of the Year (2): 2001, 2002
A-League
Goalkeeper of the Year (2): 1997, 2002

References

External links
Charleston Battery bio

1972 births
Living people
American soccer players
Association football goalkeepers
Soccer players from Arizona
Washington Huskies men's soccer players
USL First Division players
Seattle Sounders (1994–2008) players
Rochester New York FC players
Colorado Rapids players
Chicago Fire FC players
Miami Fusion players
Charleston Battery players
Tucson Amigos players
USISL A-League players
Major League Soccer players
A-League (1995–2004) players
American Professional Soccer League players
USL A-League players
Colorado Rapids draft picks
Miami Fusion draft picks

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