title: Jules Greenbaum

texts:
<mask> (5 January 1867 – 1 November 1924) was a German pioneering film producer. He founded the production companies Deutsche Bioscope, Deutsche Vitascope and Greenbaum-Film and was a dominant figure in German cinema in the years before the First World War. He is also known for his early experiments with sound films around twenty years before the success of The Jazz Singer made them a more established feature of cinema. Early career and Deutsche Bioscope
<mask> was born in Berlin in 1867 as Julius Grünbaum. He married Emma Karstein in c1887 and moved to Chicago in the United States, where his first son Georg was born 1 November 1889. He originally worked in the textile industry, but on his return to Berlin in 1895 aged around 42 <mask> moved into the newly established film business and founded Deutsche Bioscope () in 1899. <mask> acquired a camera in Amsterdam, and a cameraman, Georg Furkel.Furkel worked as his technical director until 1912, along with another Dutch cameraman, Martin Knoop. Deutsche Bioscope's first independent film was the 60-metre 1899 newsreel picture Spring Parade featuring German Kaiser Wilhelm II. His firm released more newsreels in 1901/02, importing American and French features and manufacturing cinema equipment. Deutsche Bioscope GmbH, Berlin, was incorporated on 18 June 1902 with a capital of 20,000 marks The main offices were at 131d Friedrichstraße, where the firm supplied equipment (including the American Biograph camera), and an 8-hour guaranteed film copying service. Bioscope's cameramen were sent to Vienna, Munich, Leipzig, Halle, Nuremberg, Kiel, Hamburg, Poznan, Lviv and Riga in search of vaudeville/variety acts to film. Studios at 123 Chausseestraße

Bioscope built new offices in 1906 at 123 Chausseestraße, in the east of Berlin; a glasshouse studio was erected in the large courtyard at the rear of the Jugendstil building, where Continental-Kunstfilm would later film In Nacht und Eis in 1912. Vitascope-Theater

Greenbaum began acquiring cinemas, opening a Vitascope cinema at 10 Friedrichstraße, and in March 1907 he registered Vitascope Theater GmbH as a limited company.Its partners were Louis Rosenfeld and Otto Heinemann. This established a vertically integrated network with Vitascope handling the distribution for Bioscope films. Sale of Deutsche Bioscope

As his business increased, <mask> made a deal with the chemist Carl Moritz Schleussner of the photochemicals firm Schleussner AG in Frankfurt/Main. Carl Schleussner had been involved since 1896 in producing negative film stock for Röntgen photography soon after its discovery. In February 1908 Carl Schleussner bought Deutsche Bioscop as a manufacturing, copying and sales operation, for a 2/3 share of 140,000 marks, with 1/3 provided by <mask> and his brother Max. Deutsche Bioscop was re-registered on 27 February 1908, and Schleussner bought out the Greenbaums' remaining share in 1909. Under its new owner, Deutsche Bioscope moved to Babelsberg Studio in November 1911, which is well-known as the oldest large-scale film studio in the world and still today producing famous Blockbusters.Bioscope-Theater

Greenbaum registered a new cinema company, Bioscope-Theater GmbH, on 24 Feb 1908. The directors were <mask>' brother, <mask> (an experienced banker), and Erich Zeiske. In October 1908, <mask> opened the  Vitascope cinema, a showpiece 500-seat movie theatre on , 1–2 Berliner Straße. Synchroscope – early sound films
<mask>'s firm invented and used Synchroscope, which synchronised the visual picture of films with phonograph records to create a working sound and vision system. <mask> produced a number of these sound shorts of vocal classical music, and in 1908 entered into contracts to supply the machinery to Carl Laemmle's Movie Service Company in Chicago and to another American, Charles Urban, in Britain. Carl Laemmle installed the system in a number of American cinemas, mostly in German-speaking communities. Synchroscope largely petered out because not enough sound films were made to meet demand and because it could only last for two or three reels while the standard length of films was increasingly four or five reels long.Costs had soared by the end of 1908 (the Synchroscope was originally priced at $750 (around $20,000 in 2015); and Schleussner AG bought out <mask>'s share of Deutsche Bioscope to free up his operations. Deutsche Vitascope
On 8 September 1909 Vitascope-Theater GmbH changed its name to Deutsche Vitascope GmbH, with <mask> the owner and managing director, and headquarters at 20 Friedrichstraße. The firm's chief objective was the production of sound pictures on continuous film so that all the reels could be shown without interruptions. The 1910 Vitascope catalogue advertised a flicker-free camera, Vitaphone soundfilms, arc lamps, used original Vitascope films and 100,000 meters of used vaudeville/variety act movies, for 20-40 pfennigs/meter. Studios at 32–34 Lindenstraße

In 1910 Vitascope opened main offices and a film copying facility at 32–34 , with a glasshouse studio on the roof. Greenbaum moved to new recording rooms for sound production at 105 Große Frankfurter Straße, where Vitascope produced short films of about 120 feet (60m) synchronised with phonograph recordings of vocal numbers, opera arias and dance pieces. The sound films were directed by Franz Porten and starred his daughter Henny Porten.One notable film was of Mignon Act I by Ambroise Thomas with the Royal Court Orchestra & Choir and the Royal Ballet. <mask>ène Lupin contra Sherlock Holmes produced and directed by Viggo Larsen who joined in 1909 from Nordisk. Larsen remained with Vitascope for two years, then founded his own company with star Wanda Treumann. Walter Schmidthässler also joined in 1910, working as director and lead actor for Vitascope. In 1911 Max Mack was engaged as scriptwriter, soon debuting as actor and director, with Gehirnreflexe (Brain Reflex) and three others with Albert Bassermann, notably The Other. The Blue Mouse showed at the new Marmorhaus cinema.Studio at 16 Friedrichstraße

Vitascope opened a further studio at Friedrichstraße 16 in 1911; and in October 1912 Greenbaum vacated 123 Chauseestraße and moved everything to 32–34 Lindenstraße (including manufacture, developing and copying equipment). The fine red sandstone building at 123 Chauseestraße was taken over by Walter Schmidthässler and his recently formed Continental-Kunstfilm. Studios at 5–7 Franz-Josef-Straße, Weissensee

Needing to expand even further, <mask> acquired land at 5–7 Franz-Josef-Straße (now Max-Liebermann-Straße), Weißensee, and in 1913 built a double glasshouse studio along with the largest film processing lab in the country (capable of an advertised 100,000 meters daily capacity.) Showrooms remained in 32/34 Lindenstraße, and the entire production of films moved to Weissensee on 1 October 1913, along with the manufacturing, drying and copying equipment. {{refn|group=n|The studios at 32/34 Lindenstraße were briefly occupied in 1928 by a less successful sound film company, Lignose Hörfilm System Breusing GmbH. The parent company, Lignose AG, processed nitrates, producing raw celluloid film, along with guncotton and other explosives, and pocket pistols. Along with a film production company, Phoebus AG, Lignose was indirectly involved in a hushed-up scandal which had threatened to expose wide-spread circumvention of the terms of the Versailles Treaty by Germany after World War I.The "Lohmann Affair" was named after the Naval Captain () who oversaw millions of marks' worth of clandestine funding for secret Naval projects during the Weimar Republic.<ref>CIA Report: The Lohmann Affair. Studies in Intelligence, Vol. 4, No. 2 (Spring 1960). Central Intelligence Agency, pp. A31-A38. (Declassified in 1993)</ref>}}

Merger with PAGU
In January 1914 <mask> merged his Vitascope firm with PAGU (Projektions-Aktiengesellschaft 'Union'), owned by his rival Paul Davidson, in order to compete with the larger French studios who were flooding the German market with their films.PAGU combined the resources of 800 employees, with main offices in Zimmerstraße and Lindenstraße, 20 "Union" cinemas, glasshouse studios in Tempelhof and in Weissensee, with its duplicating lab. Both companies continued to produce films under their own name and logos. From January 1914 Richard Oswald was artistic and advertising director at Vitascope. Oswald made the "Baskerville" detective series. Pathé

Still seeking further distribution outlets, Greenbaum and Davidson closed a deal with Pathé Frères to distribute PAGU films. Pathé bought the Weissensee studios at 5–7 Franz-Josef-Straße in July 1914. However, with the outbreak of the First World War, foreign films were barred from Germany allowing domestic production to boom.Pathé and PAGU broke off relationships; the admin offices and studios belonging to Pathé were placed into receivership, and reverted to Greenbaum. Greenbaum-Film
Weissensee

Freed by the war from the foreign competition, Greenbaum broke with Davidson's PAGU and founded Greenbaum-Film out of Vitascope. On 12 January 1915 Greenbaum-Film was incorporated with 10,000 marks and started production again in 5–7 Franz-Josef-Straße, Weissensee, with office and sales at Friedrichstraße 235. An article in Lichtbild-Bühne for 3 June 1915 announced: "Dr. Hans Oberländer, Richard Löwenbein, Richard Oswald, Greenbaum-Film GmbH – the biggest film factory in Germany." Oswald made five films in a few months and then separated financially from Greenbaum-Film, becoming a self-employed producer and director. In 1916 Greenbaum closed a deal with Albert Bassermann, who starred in seventeen films for Greenbaum-Film by 1920. The director Adolf Gärtner (who worked on Joe May's Stuart Webbs detective series) also moved to Greenbaum-Film and directed nine films in Weißensee.<mask> took out a 5-year lease on the Weißensee premises from 4 January 1917 – 1922. In 1919 he leased the double glasshouse studios to Joe May for 600,000 marks, which became known as the May-Atelier. Merger with Ufa – bankruptcy and death
In 1919 Greenbaum affiliated with Ufa, which the State had quietly established as the giant of German film industry during the war, but the deal led to a series of legal disputes and the virtual bankruptcy of Greenbaum-Film. <mask> had a monopoly contract with Ufa to supply films to Ukraine, Bulgaria, Romania and Turkey. Despite the political events in the Balkans, Ufa claimed millions from Greenbaum for lost sales and the dispute escalated through the courts. Ufa's interests were represented by Hemann Fellner, Greenbaum's former business partner. <mask> lost the factory and everything else, and died in 1924 in a mental hospital aged 57.The studios were taken over by Ufa after his death; his two sons George and Mutz managed Greenbaum-Film until it was taken over by Hermann Millakowsky and eventually liquidated in 1932. During his life <mask> launched the career of a number of leading German directors and actors including Max Mack, Richard Oswald and Maria Orska. His son Mutz <mask> ("Max Greene") became a leading cinematographer, whose films include Christopher Columbus (1923 film) starring Albert Bassermann, Thunder Rock (1942) and I'm All Right Jack (1959). Selected filmography
 The Other (1913)
 The Blue Mouse (1913)
 Where Is Coletti? (1913)
 Detektiv Braun (1914)
 Ivan Koschula (1914)
 The Iron Cross (1914)
 Laugh Bajazzo (1915)
 The Vice (1915)
  (1915, producer)
 The Confessions of the Green Mask (1916)
 The Night Talk (1917)
 Lorenzo Burghardt (1918)
 Father and Son (1918)
 The Zaarden Brothers (1918)
 Doctor Schotte (1918)
 The Voice (1920)
 The Sons of Count Dossy (1920)
 Dolls of Death (1920)
 The Last Witness (1921)
 The Oath of Stephan Huller (1921)
 The Nights of Cornelis Brouwer (1921)

References
Notes

Citations

Sources

 Eyman, Scott. The Speed of Sound: Hollywood and the Talkie Revolution, 1926–1930. Simon and Schuster, 1997.Siegbert Salomon Prawer: Between Two Worlds: The Jewish Presence in German and Austrian Film, 1910-1933''. Berghahn Books, 2007. External links

1867 births
1924 deaths
German film producers
Film people from Berlin
19th-century German Jews
Deaths in mental institutions
Businesspeople from Berlin

masks:
Jules Greenbaum
Greenbaum
Greenbaum
Greenbaum
Greenbaum
Greenbaum
Jules
Max Greenbaum
Greenbaum
Greenbaum
Greenbaum
Greenbaum
Greenbaum
Greenbaumrs
Greenbaum
Greenbaum
Greenbaum
Greenbaum
Greenbaum
Greenbaum
Greenbaum


title: Frederick Cavendish Ponsonby

type: original

texts:
Major General Hon. <mask>  (6 July 178311 January 1837) was an Anglo-Irish military officer. Early life and education

Ponsonby was the second of three sons of <mask>, Viscount Dungannon (who succeeded as the 3rd Earl of Bessborough in 1793) and <mask>, Countess of Bessborough. He was the brother of <mask>, 4th Earl of Bessborough and <mask>, 1st Baron de Mauley, and his sister was the "notorious" Lady Caroline Lamb, who married the Prime Minister Viscount Melbourne. He was educated at Harrow. Early career
Ponsonby joined the army as a cornet in January 1800, serving in the 10th Light Dragoons. He was promoted lieutenant in June 1800 and Captain on 20 August 1803.He exchanged to the 60th Regiment of Foot in April 1806 and served on the staff of the Duke of Bedford, then Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, and briefly for his successor, the Duke of Richmond. Promoted major on 25 June 1807, he went into the 23rd Light Dragoons on 6 August 1809 and went with them to serve in the Peninsular War. He fought well at Talavera. He was promoted lieutenant colonel on 15 March 1810, and served as assistant adjutant-general at Buçaco and Barrosa, directing a successful charge by a squadron of the 2nd Regiment of Hussars (KGL) against the French dragoons. He was given command of the 12th Light Dragoons on 11 June 1811. After the fall of Badajoz, he distinguished himself in the battle of Villagarcia (or Llerena) on 11 April 1812, temporarily commanding Anson's brigade. Ordered by Sir Stapleton Cotton to detain a superior force of French cavalry under Charles Lallemand, he successfully delayed them until reinforcements could arrive to flank the French and pursue them into Llerena.He led the 12th Light Dragoons to disperse some of the broken French infantry after the Battle of Salamanca, and was wounded while covering the withdrawal from Burgos. At Vitoria, his regiment was part of the force, under Sir Thomas Graham, that blocked the French retreat towards Bayonne. He took part in the Battle of the Pyrenees and the fighting that followed in the south of France. In Paris at the time of the abdication of Napoleon as Emperor of the French, he rode through the night to bring the news to Wellington, who famously, at an inn after defeating the French at the Battle of Toulouse, snapped his fingers and turned on his heel "in a triumphal pastiche of a flamenco dance." Waterloo Campaign
During the Waterloo Campaign, the 12th Light Dragoons were attached to Sir John Ormsby Vandeleur's light cavalry brigade. At the Battle of Waterloo, the 12th and 16th Light Dragoons were told to charge down the slope, but no further, to support the withdrawal of the Union Brigade of heavy cavalry. But, like the Union Brigade (led by his second cousin, <mask>), the light horse charged (as he later admitted) too far.Ponsonby was wounded in both arms, and knocked off his horse by another sabre cut. A French lancer saw him move where he lay and stabbed him in the back with his lance, exclaiming "Tu n'es pas mort, coquin" (You're not dead, you rascal). A French skirmisher then robbed him but luckily for <mask>, a Major de Laussat of the French Imperial Guard Dragoons found him and treated him kindly, giving him some brandy and promising to send help should the French prove victorious. Later, another French skirmisher used Ponsonby as a shield as he talked with him and fired over his body. Toward the end of the battle, he was ridden over by Prussian cavalry. During the night after the battle, he was roughed up by a Prussian looking for plunder, and a mortally wounded soldier of the Royal Dragoons had crawled upon Ponsonby's legs and lay dying. At last, Ponsonby was discovered by a soldier of the 40th Foot, who stood guard over him for hours until a cart became available to transport him back to Brussels.Despite the quixotic nursing ideas of his sister, the notorious Lady Caroline Lamb, and despite being further bled of  over two days, he managed to survive against the odds from his seven major wounds. Later career

Ponsonby went on half-pay on 26 August 1820, and was appointed "inspecting field officer" in the Ionian Islands on 20 January 1824. On 27 May 1825, he was promoted major-general, commanding the troops in the Ionian Islands. The next year, on 22 December 1826, he was appointed Governor of Malta, and remained there for eight and a half years. He met Baron de Laussat, his saviour at Waterloo, in 1827. During his Maltese tenure, he was made GCMG in 1828, and KCB and KCH in 1831. He left the governorship in May 1835 (but remained the de jure Governor until 30 September 1836), and was appointed colonel of the 86th Regiment of Foot on 4 December 1835.He was transferred to the colonelcy of the Royal Dragoons on 31 March 1836. During this period, he maintained a high degree of interest in the handling of cavalry, and corresponded with Wellington. He died suddenly at an inn, The Wellesley Arms at Murrell Green near Basingstoke on 11January 1837 and was buried in the crypt of St Nicholas' Church, Hatherop, Gloucestershire. In 1838, Ponsonby's Column was erected in Valletta in honour of the governor. It was destroyed by lightning in 1864. Family
On 16 March 1825, Ponsonby married Lady Emily Charlotte (died 1877), the youngest daughter of Henry Bathurst, 3rd Earl Bathurst. They had three sons and three daughters:

Sir <mask> <mask> (1825–1895), married Mary Elizabeth Bulteel on 30 April 1861
Alberta Victoria <mask> (6 May 186215 October 1945), married Major-General William Montgomery of Grey Abbey, son of Hugh Montgomery and Lady Charlotte Herbert
Magdalen Ponsonby (24 June 18641 July 1934)
<mask> (25 March 186626 March 1952), married Mary Robley, daughter of Thomas Robley
<mask> <mask> (16 September 186720 October 1935), married Victoria Kennard, daughter of Edmund Hegan Kennard and Agnes Hegan and had issue
Arthur Augustus William Harry Ponsonby (16 February 187124 March 1946), married Dorothea Parry, daughter of Sir Charles Parry, 1st Bt.and Lady Elizabeth Herbert and had issue
 Lieutenant Colonel Arthur Edward Valette (3 December 182716 June 1868), married Catina Dahl
Georgina Melita <mask> (16 February 182918 February 1895), unmarried
Harriet Julia <mask> (27 October 183030 June 1906)
Selina Barbara Wilhelmina <mask> (20 January 183522 July 1919), married William Windham Baring on 2 January 1862, without issue
<mask> <mask> (21 March 18373 February 1894), took holy orders and died unmarried

Notes

References

 . ONDB Endnotes:
A<mask>, <mask>, Queen Victoria's private secretary: his life from his letters (1942)
J<mask>, The Ponsonby family (1929)
Earl of Bessborough and A. Aspinall, eds., Lady Bessborough and her family circle (1940)
Army List
H. T. Siborne, ed., Waterloo letters (1891)
GM, 2nd ser., 7 (1837)
The dispatches of ... the duke of Wellington ... from 1799 to 1818, ed. J. Gurwood, 13 vols. in 12 (1834–9)
Hart's Army List · W. F. P. Napier, History of the war in the Peninsula and in the south of France, 3rd edn, 6 vols. (1834–40)
D. Howarth, A near run thing (1967)
R. H. Gronow, The reminiscences of Captain Gronow, 4 vols. (1861–6)
E. A. Gray, Trumpet of glory (1985)
Cokayne, The Complete Peerage
Burke, Peerage

Further reading
Haythornthwaite, Philip J.Uniforms of Waterloo. Hippocrene, 1974. External links

1783 births
1837 deaths
People educated at Harrow School
British Army generals
British Army personnel of the Napoleonic Wars
Knights Commander of the Order of the Bath
Knights Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George
Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for English constituencies
Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for County Kilkenny constituencies (1801–1922)
<mask> Ponsonby
UK MPs 1806–1807
UK MPs 1807–1812
UK MPs 1812–1818
UK MPs 1818–1820
UK MPs 1820–1826
UK MPs 1826–1830
Younger sons of earls
10th Royal Hussars officers
12th Royal Lancers officers
Governors and Governors-General of Malta
Royal American Regiment officers
1st The Royal Dragoons officers
86th (Royal County Down) Regiment of Foot officers
Recipients of the Waterloo Medal

masks:
Sir Frederick Cavendish Ponsonby
Frederick Ponsonby
Henrietta Ponsonby
John Ponsonby
William Ponsonby
William Ponsonby
Ponsonby
Henry Frederick
Ponsonby
Ponsonby
John Ponsonby
Frederick Edward
Grey Ponsonby
Maria Ponsonby
Frances Ponsonby
Ponsonby
Frederick John
Ponsonby
. Ponsonby
Henry Ponsonby
. Ponsonby
Frederick Cavendish


title: Reba White Williams

texts:
<mask> (born May 21, 1936), is an American author, philanthropist, and expert on fine art prints. As a novelist, her influences include Agatha Christie and Dorothy L. Sayers. She and her husband, Dave H<mask>, built the world's largest private collection of American prints; they also founded the Print Research Foundation. She and <mask> are also co-creators of the Willie Morris Award for Southern Fiction. <mask> was born in Gulfport, Mississippi, and grew up in Mississippi, Tennessee, and North Carolina. After moving to New York City, she worked as a library assistant/research analyst for McKinsey & Company, vice-president and securities analyst for Mitchell, Hutchins, contributing editor for Institutional Investor magazine, and director of special projects and member of the board of directors at Alliance Capital Management. Education
<mask> received her high school diploma from Saint Mary's School in Raleigh, North Carolina, and attended Duke University, where she earned a Bachelor of Arts degree.She later earned an MBA at Harvard Business School in 1970, one of only 30 women in her class, and an M.A. in art history from Hunter College. She was awarded a Ph.D. in art history from the CUNY Graduate Center, where her dissertation focused on the Weyhe Gallery and its role in American printmaking between the wars, 1919–1940. She also holds an M.A. in fiction writing from Antioch University. She was awarded an honorary Doctor of Humane Letters from CUNY Graduate Center in June 2016. Career
<mask> spent nine years with McKinsey & Company, where her assignments included projects in London and Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.After completing her MBA at Harvard Business School, she joined Mitchell Hutchins, Inc., as a securities analyst. She served five years as contributing editor of Institutional Investor magazine. From 1991 to 2001, <mask> served as director of special projects for Alliance Capital Management, where she was also a member of the board of directors. In 1999, <mask> ran unsuccessfully for the New York City City Council in District 4. Since 2001, <mask> has worked as a full-time writer and researcher. Her articles have appeared in business periodicals and art journals, including American Artist, Business and Society, Financial Analysts Journal, Journal of the Print World, Mystery Readers Journal, Print Collectors Newsletter, Print Quarterly, South Magazine, and The Tamarind Papers. Novels
 Restrike, the first novel in the Coleman and Dinah Green series, was published in 2013 by Delos, the fiction imprint of Axios Press and was reissued in 2014 by The Story Plant.Fatal Impressions, the second in the series, was published in April 2014 by The Story Plant. Angels, a prequel to the series, was published in December 2014. Bloody Royal Prints was published in July 2015 by Tyrus Books. Print collecting
In 1975, <mask> <mask> and Dave H<mask> began to collect American fine-art prints, focusing on the first half of the twentieth century. Over the next 33 years, utilizing <mask>'s research skills, they built a collection of more than 5,000 prints. Between 1987 and 2009, the Williamses organized, researched and oversaw the circulation of 18 exhibitions from the collection that traveled to more than 100 museums in the United States, Canada, Mexico, Europe, and Japan. The Williamses created the Print Research Foundation in 1994 as a research and study facility on American prints.In December 2008, <mask> and <mask> donated their American print collection of more than 5,200 works and the Print Research Foundation and its facilities (the building, library, and archives) to the National Gallery of Art. The collection was described as "unrivaled in scope," and Gallery Director Earl A. Powell III called it "a transformational acquisition". The annual Reba and <mask> Prize was created in 1993 for outstanding essays on American printmaking, as judged by the Editor and Editorial Board of Print Quarterly. The prize was last awarded in 2006. The couple also funded the documentary All About Prints, which aired on PBS stations in 2009. Willie Morris Award for Southern Fiction
Since 2007, <mask> <mask> and Dave H<mask> have sponsored the Willie Morris Award for Southern Fiction, named after the journalist and author Willie Morris. The award is given to a novel set in one of the original eleven Confederate States of America that reflects the spirit of Morris's work and stands out for the quality of its prose, its originality, its sense of place and period, and the appeal of its characters.An independent panel of judges votes on the award from books submitted for consideration. Recipients of the award include:

 2007: The King of Colored Town by Darryl Wimberley
 2008: City of Refuge by Tom Piazza
 2009: Secret Keepers by Mindy Friddle
 2010: Crooked Letter, Crooked Letter by Tom Franklin
 2011: If Jack's In Love by Stephen Wetta
 2012: A Short Time to Stay Here by Terry Roberts
 2013: Nowhere But Home by Liza Palmer
 2014: Long Man by Amy Greene
 2015: The Headmaster's Darlings: A Mountain Brook Novel by Katherine Clark With Special Recognition awarded to Sarah Addison Allen
 2016: Last Ride to Graceland by Kim Wright

Honors and awards
<mask> has served on the Print Committees of The Boston Museum of Fine Arts, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, The Museum of Modern Art, and The Whitney Museum. She served on the editorial board of Print Quarterly, and was named an Honorary Keeper of American Prints by the Fitzwilliam Museum at Cambridge University. <mask> also served as president of the New York City Art Commission, and as vice chairman of the New York State Council on the Arts. She has also received awards, including:
 1988: The Augustus Graham Medal, presented on behalf of the Brooklyn Museum of Art Board of Trustees, for outstanding support of the arts
 1997: The Polish Order of Merit, Cavalier of the Grand Cross of Poland, First Class, honoring contributions to the financial industry in Poland
 2000: Swan Award for lifetime achievement for furthering the arts both nationally and internationally, Cheekwood Museum
 2000: Pratt Institute, Pratt Legend
 2001: Gold Medal Award from the Queen Sofia Spanish Institute
 2016: Honorary Degree from The Graduate Center, CUNY

References

External links

Women mystery writers
1936 births
Living people
Novelists from Mississippi
Harvard Business School alumni
Duke University alumni
Hunter College alumni
Antioch University alumni
Graduate Center, CUNY alumni
American women philanthropists
Philanthropists from Mississippi
21st-century American novelists
American women novelists
American mystery novelists
21st-century American women writers
American art collectors

masks:
Reba White Williams
. Williams
Dave Williams
White Williams
Reba White Williams
Williams
Williams
White Williams
Williams
Reba
White Williams
. Williams
Williams
Reba
Dave Williams
Dave Williams
Reba
White Williams
. Williams
Williams
Williams


title: John Payne (martyr)

texts:
<mask> (1532–1582) was an English Catholic priest and martyr, one of the Catholic Forty Martyrs of England and Wales. Background
<mask> was born at Peterborough in 1532. He was probably a mature man when he went to the English College at Douai in 1574, served there as bursar, and was ordained priest by the Archbishop of Cambrai on 7 April 1576. Ministry
Shortly afterwards, on 24 April 1576, he left for the English mission in the company of another priest, Cuthbert Mayne. While Mayne headed for his native South West England, <mask> resided for the most part with Anne, widow of Sir William Petre, and daughter of Sir William Browne, sometime Lord Mayor of the City of London, at Ingatestone, Essex, in whose house was a "priest hole", but also in London. The missioner passed as a steward of Lady Petre. Shortly after his arrival he converted (or re-converted) to Catholicism George Godsalve or Godsalf, of the diocese of Bath, a man who had gained the B.A.at Oxford and had been ordained a deacon in the reign of the Catholic Queen Mary, but who had then become a Protestant. <mask> sent Godsalf to Douai, where he arrived on 15 July 1576 to be prepared for the Catholic priesthood, which he was to receive at Cambrai on 22 December. <mask> himself was arrested at Ingatestone and imprisoned early in 1577, but was soon released and went back to Douai that November. From there he probably returned to Ingatestone before Christmas, 1579. Arrest
Early in July 1581, he and Godsalf, who had come to England in June 1577, were arrested in Warwickshire whilst staying on the estate of Lady Petre (widow of William Petre), through the efforts of the informer George "Judas" Eliot (a criminal, murderer, rapist and thief, who made a career out of denouncing Catholics and priests for bounty). After being examined by Walsingham at Greenwich, they were committed to the Tower of London on 14 July. Godsalf did not give in but spent several years in prison, after which he was released from the Marshalsea in September 1585 and banished, dying in Paris in 1592.Eliot had insinuated himself into a position in the Petre household where he then proceeded to embezzle sums of money. He enticed a young woman from the Roper household and then appealed to <mask> to marry them; and on his refusal determined to be revenged and make a profit as well. As to <mask>, a more significant catch, he was racked on the Council's orders on 14 August, and again on 31 October. On 20 March 1581/2 he was abruptly woken, taken from his cell half dressed and delivered by the Lieutenant of the Tower, Sir Owen Hopton (c. 1524–1591) of Cockfield Hall in Suffolk to officers waiting to take him to Chelmsford jail, not being allowed to return to the cell to get his purse - which was purloined by the Lieutenant's wife, Anne Echyngham. Trial
<mask> was indicted at Chelmsford on 22 March on a charge of treason for conspiring to murder the Queen and her leading officers and install Mary, Queen of Scots, on the throne. <mask> denied the charges, and affirmed his loyalty to the Queen in all that was lawful (i.e. not contrary to his Catholicism or allegiance to the Pope), contesting the reliability of the murderer Eliot.No attempt was made to corroborate Eliot's story, which had already been rehearsed in large part at the trial of Edmund Campion on 20 November 1581. The guilty verdict was a foregone conclusion. Execution
At his execution on the morning of the Monday 2 April (nine months after his imprisonment), he was dragged from prison on a hurdle to the place of execution and first prayed on his knees for almost half an hour and then kissed the scaffold, made a profession of faith and declared his innocence. Reinforcements had been sent from London to help the execution run smoothly. Lord Rich called upon him to repent of his treason, which <mask> again denied. A Protestant minister then shouted a claim that years ago <mask>'s brother had admitted to him <mask>'s treason. <mask> said that his brother was and always had been an earnest Protestant but that even so would never swear to such a thing.To bear this out, <mask> asked that the brother, who was in the locality, be brought, but he was not found in time and the execution proceeded and <mask> was at last turned off the ladder. The government's intentions for a smooth execution with minimal trouble and maximum propaganda value had failed – indeed, the crowd had become so sympathetic to <mask> that they hung on his feet to speed his death and prevented the infliction of the quartering until he was dead. The executioner, Simon Bull, was meanwhile rebuked for dithering over the quartering in case <mask> revive and suffer further. Beatification and canonisation
<mask> was one of the group of prominent Catholic martyrs of the persecution who were later designated as the Forty Martyrs of England and Wales. He was beatified "equipollently" by Pope Leo XIII, by means of a decree of 29 December 1886 and was canonised along with the other Martyrs of England and Wales by Pope Paul VI on 25 October 1970. Schools and churches
A Roman Catholic secondary school in Chelmsford town centre (towards Broomfield) is now named after him. The name of the school is St John <mask> Catholic School.The Roman Catholic church of St John Payne is found on Colchester's Greenstead estate. Founded in 1972, the Parish of Greenstead, Ardleigh and Mistley serves the community on the Essex-Suffolk border, with St John Payne being the Parish Church. References

External links
St John Payne Catholic School Website
St John Payne Catholic Parish of Greenstead, Ardleigh and Mistley Website

Sources
The most reliable compact source is Godfrey Anstruther, Seminary Priests, St Edmund's College, Ware, vol. 1, 1968, pp. 133–134, 311–313. 1532 births
1582 deaths
People from Peterborough
16th-century English Roman Catholic priests
English Roman Catholic saints
Forty Martyrs of England and Wales
People executed under Elizabeth I by hanging, drawing and quartering
16th-century Christian saints
16th-century Roman Catholic martyrs
Executed people from Cambridgeshire

masks:
Saint John Payne
John Payne
Payne
Payne
Payne
Father Payne
Payne
Payne
Payne
Payne
Payne
Payne
Payne
Payne
Payne
Payne
Payne
John Payne
Payne


title: Karl Linke

texts:
<mask> (born Görsdorf 10 January 1900: died Zittau 16 May 1961) was an officer in the East German army. Between 1952 and 1957 he was head of the country's Military Intelligence (Verwaltung für Allgemeine Fragen) service. Following the discovery of  security breaches, on 31 August 1957 he was reduced in rank to reserve colonel. Life

Early years
<mask> was born in Görsdorf, then on the north-western frontier of Bohemia which was a quarter in the industrial town of Grottau, and part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. At the time the town was bi-lingual, but following the creation in 1918 of Czechoslovakia the official language would become Czech in 1920. <mask> came from a working-class family. He left school and undertook an apprenticeship in weaving in 1914, working as a weaver in a factory till 1918.Meanwhile, he joined the SAJ, which was effectively a youth branch of the Social Democratic party. In 1918, in the closing months of the war, he reached the age of 18 and joined the army. A brief period as an Italian prisoner of war ensued. To Germany and then to Czechoslovakia
When the Italians released him his home town was in Czechoslovakia and <mask> took a cleaning job in Senftenberg, across the frontier in Germany. It was here that in 1920 he joined the Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany (USPD / Unabhängige Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands). In 1923 he recrossed the frontier into Czechoslovakia. Here, between 1923 and 1929, he worked as a weaver.He was, till 1930, a member of the Czechoslovak Communist Party, also working as a smuggler for the German Communist Party. While living in Czechoslovakia he played a leading role in a strike in 1927/28, and was later arrested for taking photographs without permission at the steel works in Witkowitz, possibly in connection with his work for the Berlin-based Arbeiter-Illustrierte-Zeitung (Workers Pictorial Newspaper). To the Soviet Union
<mask> was able to emigrate to the Soviet Union in 1930, accompanied by his second wife, whom he had married the previous year after the death of his first wife a few years earlier. He joined the Soviet Communist Party (КПСС), remaining a member till 1951. He worked in Moscow as a Master Weaver till 1934. After that, from 1935 till 1939, he worked in a clerical position in the Ministry for Light Industry. In 1939 he took a clerical job with the Chamber of Commerce in Moscow.War
From the Soviet perspective the Great Patriotic War began in June 1941. In defiance of the existing non-aggression pact the German army invaded the Soviet Union. In July 1941 <mask> and his son Heinz both volunteered to join the Red Army, where one of Linke's roles was as a commissar in a partisan division, a role that for two years he combined with that of a (Communist) "Party Secretary" in the partisan group. In this capacity he took part in parachute operations behind German lines in the Gomel region. During 1944 as the leader of a reconnaissance group he took part in armed Slovakian partisan operations and then in the Slovak National Uprising against the Axis government which erupted between August and October 1944. The war ended in the early summer of 1945 and <mask> returned to Moscow, suffering from wounds endured in the war and on account of the death of his son Heinz who had been killed while fighting with the Slovak partisans. To Czechoslovakia and then to (East) Germany
In 1946 <mask> returned to Czechoslovakia, between 1946 and 1949 taking a middle management job in a tape weaving factory in Hrádek nad Nisou ("Grottau" in some older German sources).Fifteen years in the Soviet Union had left him with fluent Russian, and <mask> then moved on, at the end of 1949, to Berlin where between 1950 and 1951 he worked as a simultaneous translator for the Soviet representative in the Allied Control Council. The German Democratic Republic (East Germany) had been formally founded (from what had previously been designated the Soviet occupation zone) in October 1949, and in 1951 <mask> and his wife both took East German citizenship. In 1952 <mask> joined the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED / Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands) which since its controversial creation in April 1946 had become the ruling party, as part of a return to one-party government within this Soviet sponsored version of Germany. He then, till 1952, became a departmental director and head of the presidential secretariat with the State Planning Commission. On 1 June 1952 he joined the Kasernierte Volkspolizei, a quasi-military division of the East German Police Service which would later come to be seen as the precursor to the country's national army. He was promoted to the rank of major general within the service in October 1952. More importantly, between 1952 and 1957 he served as chief of the German Democratic Republic's "Verwaltung für Allgemeine Fragen und Aufklärung".English-language sources sometimes translate this as "Military Intelligence Service" although until 1956 East Germany was not permitted an army of its own. Linke enjoyed the full confidence of the country's Soviet sponsors and his time in charge saw early successes for the service which was well supported by the political establishment. There was a move from Pankow to new premises in central Berlin (Behrenstraße 42-45) and in 1956 a change of name to "Verwaltung 19" ("Administration [department] 19") apparently in order to conceal the true nature of the organisation. By 1957 it was clear that regardless of its new name, "Verwaltung 19" under <mask> had been penetrated by western intelligence at a high level. Suspicion fell in particular on Siegfried Dombrowski who was placed under close counter-intelligence surveillance in February 1957, and who had entered the service, like Linke, via the Kasernierte Volkspolizei. The memoirs of Reinhard Gehlen, the West German intelligence chief would later confirm that from 1956 Dombrowski was indeed supplying intelligence both to West German Intelligence and to the American CIA, and in August 1958 Dombrowski fled to the west, although the extent of the information he provided remains unclear. Closer to home in July 1957 <mask>'s housekeeper, Anna Kubiak, disappeared, accompanied by "sensitive documents", and leaving behind her a West German passport in his name and ten thousand Marks in cash for a "start in a better life".<mask>'s own household had been penetrated by the CIA's "Agent Martha". On 30 August 1957 an army personnel chief reported that <mask> would be pensioned off at his own wish. He was reduced in rank to colonel. He was also given a ban on entering Berlin. He retired to Zittau, near to the frontier with Czechoslovakia, and it was here that he died on 16 May 1961. References

1900 births
1961 deaths
Socialist Unity Party of Germany members
National People's Army personnel
German police chiefs
Slovak National Uprising
Recipients of the Patriotic Order of Merit
German emigrants to the Soviet Union
Communist Party of the Soviet Union members

masks:
Karl Linke
Karl Linke
Linke
Linke
Linke
Karl Linke
Karl Linke
Karl Linke
Linke
Karl Linke
Karl Linke
Karl Linke
Karl Linke
Linke
Karl Linke


title: Hiroshi Kamiya

texts:
is a Japanese voice actor, singer and narrator affiliated with Aoni Production. He is best known for the voice of Levi Ackerman in Attack on Titan, Trafalgar Law in One Piece, Mephisto Pheles in Blue Exorcist, Izaya Orihara in Durarara! !, Shinji Matō in the Fate franchise, Takashi Natsume in Natsume Yūjin Chō, Choromatsu in Mr. Osomatsu, Akashi Seijuro in Kuroko's Basketball, Yuzuru Otonashi in Angel Beats!, Yato in Noragami, Nozomu Itoshiki in Sayonara, Zetsubou-Sensei, Koyomi Araragi in the Monogatari series, Sōma in Working! !, Juli in Brothers Conflict, Balder Hringhorni in Kamigami no Asobi, Tieria Erde in Mobile Suit Gundam 00, Saiki Kusuo in The Disastrous Life of Saiki K., Edogawa Ranpo in Bungo Stray Dogs, Kinshirō Kusatsu in Cute High Earth Defense Club LOVE! and Ittetsu Takeda in Haikyū!!. He won "Best Lead Actor" and "Best Personality" at the 3rd Seiyu Awards, and "Best Supporting Actor" at the 2nd Seiyu Awards. He hosts the radio show Dear Girl: Stories with Daisuke Ono.Personal life
In July 2016, the tabloid magazine Flash revealed <mask> had been married to manga artist Hikaru Nakamura for an undetermined amount of time. They have a daughter. During the 484th episode of Dear Girl: Stories, <mask> only confirmed himself to be the person in the photo with the child, but he has never revealed the marriage allegations. Filmography

Animated series
{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"
! Year
! Title
! Role
!class="unsortable"| Notes
! class="unsortable"| Source
|-
|rowspan="2"| 1992
| Kiteretsu Daihyakka
| Akihiko Nonoka
| second voice
|
|-
| Tsuyoshi Shikkari Shinasai
|
|
|
|-
| 1993
| Aoki Densetsu Shoot! |
|
|
|-
|rowspan="2"| 1994
| Marmalade Boy
| Ginta's Friend
|
|
|-
| Chibi Maruko-chan
| Hiroshi Takeda
|
|
|-
|rowspan="2"| 1995
| Captain Tsubasa J
| Hanji Urabe
|
|
|-
| Magical Girl Pretty Sammy
| Makoto Mizushina
|
|
|-
|rowspan="3"| 1996
| Dragon Ball GT
| Poberu [Pan's Date]  Ronge
|
|
|-
| Slayers Next
|
|
|
|-
| Magical Project S
|
|
|
|-
| 1997
| Cho Mashin Hero Wataru
| Boy
|
|
|-
|rowspan="5"| 1998
| Android Ana Maico 2010
|
|
|
|-
| DT Eightron
| Ryou/ Karuno
|
|
|-
| Trigun
| Zazie the Beast
|
|
|-
| Sorcerous Stabber Orphen
|
|
|
|-
| Yu-Gi-Oh! | Officer
|
|
|-
| 1998–99
| Master Keaton
| Shinsuke Funase
|
|
|-
|rowspan="3"| 1999
| Corrector Yui
| Takashi Fuji
|
|
|-
| Jibaku-kun
| Kai
|
|
|-
| Super B-Daman
|
|
|
|-
|rowspan="6"| 2001
| Super GALS! Kotobuki Ran
| Rei Otohata
|
|
|-
| The Family's Defensive Alliance
|
|
|
|-
| Noir
| Dominic
|
|
|-
| Beyblade
| Sanguinex
|
|
|-
| Gundam Evolve
| Hiden
|
|
|-
| Offside
| Katsuhiko Ibino
|
|
|-
|rowspan="8"| 2002
| Atashin'chi
|
|
|
|-
| Kanon
| Kuze
|
|
|-
| Digimon Frontier
| Koji Minamoto
|
|
|-
| Baby Baachan
| Eiki Jinguuji
|
|
|-
| Mirage of Blaze
| Kojirou Date
|
|
|-
| Generation of Chaos Next
| Lifile
|
|
|-
| I'll/CKBC
| Hiiragi Hitonari
|
|
|-
| Mirmo Zibang
| Takumi Kiryuu
|
|
|-
| 2002–08
| Saint Seiya Hades: Chapter Inferno
| Lyra Orphee
|
|
|-
| rowspan="8" |2003
| Ultra Maniac
| Tetsushi Kaji
|
|
|-
|One Piece
|Eddy
|Ep. 146
|
|-
| L/R: Licensed by Royalty
|
|
|
|-
| Zatch Bell! | Eita Kobozuka
|
|
|-
| Green Green
| Kenichi Hotta
|
|
|-
| Beyblade G-Revolution
| Garland Siebald
|
|
|-
| Tank Knights Portriss
| Dua Carry
|
|
|-
| Pocket Monsters Advanced Generation
| Hiromi
|
|
|-
| 2003–04
| Mirmo!|
|
|
|-
| 2003
| Sonic X
| member of team S
|
|
|-
|rowspan="15| 2004
| Agatha Christie's Great Detectives Poirot and Marple
| John
| Ep. 1
|
|-
| Superior Defender Gundam Force
| Captain Gundam
|
|
|-
| Gantz
| Masanobu Hojou
|
|
|-
| Kita e
|
|
|
|-
| Desert Punk
|
|
|
|-
| Tsukuyomi -Moon Phase-
| Kohei Morioka
|
|
|-
| Hamtaro
|
| Ep. 182
|
|-
| Phoenix
|
|
|
|-
| Bobobo-bo Bo-bobo
| Yashinomi Man
|
|
|-
| Monkey Turn
|
|
|
|-
| Ring ni Kakero
| Takeshi Kawai
|
|
|-
| Rockman.EXE Stream
| Narcy Hide
|
|
|-
| Burn-Up Scramble
| Wonderful person
|
|
|-
| Diamond Daydreams
| Minoru Jinguuji
|
|
|-
| Samurai Gun
| Hebizo
|
|
|-
| rowspan="6" | 2005
| The Law of Ueki
| Mario
|
|
|-
| Gunparade March
| Nakatoshi Iwasaki
|
|
|-
| Canvas 2: Niji Iro no Sketch
|
|
|
|-
| Cluster Edge
| Rhodo Chrosite
|
|
|-
| Damekko Dōbutsu
| Peganosuke
|
|
|-
| Tsubasa: Reservoir Chronicle
| Kiefer
| Ep. 16
|
|-
| 2005–06
| Honey and Clover
| Yūta Takemoto
|
|
|-
| rowspan="2" | 2005
| Pani Poni Dash! | Tsurugi Inugami, Lord Cat
|
|
|-
| Battle B-Daman
|
|
|
|-
| 2005–06
| Play Ball
| Aiki
|
|
|-
| 2005
| Iriya no Sora, UFO no Natsu
| Kunihiro Suizenji
|
|
|-
| rowspan="2" | 2006
| Ergo Proxy
| Security Bureau employee
| Ep. 2
|
|-
| Gakuen Heaven
| Kaoru Saionji
|
|
|-
| 2006–09
| Sgt. Frog
|
|
|
|-
| rowspan="5" | 2006
| Zegapain
| Hayase
|
|
|-
| Crash B-Daman
| Teruma Kamioka
|
|
|-
| Fate/stay night
| Shinji Matō
|
|
|-
| Princess Princess
| Shūya Arisada
|
|
|-
| Rockman.EXE Beast
| Narcy Hide
|
|
|-
| 2006–07
| The Galaxy Railways: Crossroads to Eternity
| Klaus Von Meinster
|
|
|-
| rowspan="2" | 2006
| Ring ni Kakero 1: Nichibei Keisen Hen
| Takeshi Kawai
|
|
|-
| Fist of the Blue Sky
| Peter
|
|
|-
| rowspan="3" | 2007
| El Cazador de la Bruja
| Okama A
|
|
|-
| Kishin Taisen Gigantic Formula
| Masahito Oghuro
|
|
|-
| Sakura Taisen: New York NY.| Tutankamon
|
|
|-
| 2007–08
| Mobile Suit Gundam 00
| Tieria Erde
|
|
|-
| 2007
| Gintama
| Robot 502
|
|
|-
| 2007–08
| Code-E
| Adol Brinberg
| second season titled Misson-E
|
|-
| 2007–09
| Sayonara Zetsubō Sensei
| Nozomu Itoshiki, Mikoto Itoshiki, Kouji Kumeta
|
|
|-
| rowspan="8" | 2007
| Shion no Ō
| Kobayashi
|
|
|-
| Shinkyoku Sōkai Polyphonica
| Phoron Tatara
|
|
|-
| Digimon Data Squad
| Craniamon
| Ep. | Hiroomi Sōma
|
|
|-
| rowspan="11" | 2010
| Angel Beats! | Yuzuru Otonashi
|
|
|-
|Durarara!! |Izaya Orihara
|
|
|-
| Arakawa Under the Bridge
| Kou Ichinomiya
|
|
|-
| Uragiri wa Boku no Namae o Shitteiru
| Kuroto Hourai
|
|
|-
| HeartCatch PreCure! | Hideo Saitani
|
|
|-
| Togainu no Chi
| Yukihito
|
|
|-
| Nura: Rise of the Yokai Clan
| Senba
|
|
|-
| Arakawa Under the Bridge x Bridge
| Kou Ichinomiya
|
|
|-
| The Animal Conference on the Environment
| Dr. Rabi the Rabbit
|
|
|-
| Kacho No Koi
| Yukio Kumagai
|
|
|-
| Ring ni Kakero 1: Shadow
| Takeshi kawai
|
|
|-
| rowspan="12" | 2011
| Starry Sky
| Miyaji Ryunosuke
|
|
|-
| Yondemasuyo, Azazel-san
| Beelzebub
|
|
|-
| Blue Exorcist
| Mephisto Pheles
|
|
|-
| Sekai-ichi Hatsukoi
| Yuu Yanase
|
|
|-
| Maji de Watashi ni Koi Shinasai! | Yamato Naoe
|
|
|-
| Dragon Crisis! | Ittetsu Takeda
|
|
|-
| Kamigami no Asobi
| Baldr Hringhorni
|
|
|-
| Captain Earth
| Arashi Teppei
|
|
|-
| Broken Blade
| Zess
|
|
|-
| Wooser's Hand-to-Mouth Life
| Darth Wooser
|
|
|-
| Hero Bank
| Nagare Amano
|
|
|-
| Ace of Diamond
| Shunpei Sanada
|
|
|-
| Fate/stay night: Unlimited Blade Works
| Shinji Matō
|
|
|-
| Re: Hamatora
| Art
|
|
|-
| Space Dandy
| Johnny
| Ep.20
|
|-
| Sword Art Online II
| Zexceed/Shigemura Tamotsu
|
|
|-
| Zephyr
| Kal
|
|
|-
| Attack on Titan: No Regrets
| Levi Ackerman
|
|
|-
| The Seven Deadly Sins
| Helbram (Fairy form)
|
|
|-
| Tsukimonogatari
| Koyomi Araragi
|
|
|-
| rowspan="10" | 2015
| Durarara! !x2
| Izaya Orihara
|
|
|-
| Cute High Earth Defense Club Love! | Kinshirō Kusatsu
|
|
|-
| Ultimate Otaku Teacher
| Junichirō Kagami
|
|
|-
| Saint Seiya: Soul of Gold
| Garmr Útgarðar
|
|
|-
| Prison School
| Kiyoshi Fujino
|
|
|-
| Noragami Aragoto
| Yato
|
|
|-
| Owarimonogatari
| Koyomi Araragi, Seishirō Shishirui
|
|
|-
| Mr. Osomatsu
| Choromatsu Matsuno
| 2nd and 3rd season in 2017 & 2020
|
|-
| Seiyu's Life! | Hiroshi <mask> (as himself)
|
|
|-
| Attack on Titan: Junior High
| Levi Ackerman
|
|
|-
| rowspan="6" | 2016
| Bungo Stray

masks: Kamiya Kamiya Kamiya


title: Hiroshi Kamiya

texts:
 Hunger Games: Catching Fire – Peeta Mellark
The Hunger Games: Mockingjay – Part 1 – Peeta Mellark
The Hunger Games: Mockingjay – Part 2 – Peeta Mellark
2 Days in the Valley – Allan Hopper (Greg Cruttwell)
Aaron Stone – S.T.A.N.(J. P. Manoux)
Alita: Battle Angel – Zapan (Ed Skrein)
Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice – Lex Luthor (Jesse Eisenberg)
Below the Surface – Philip Nørgaard (Johannes Lassen)
Detective Chinatown 3 – Qin Feng (Liu Haoran)
F9 – Otto (Thue Ersted Rasmussen)
Flatliners – Ray (Diego Luna)
Genius – Young Pablo Picasso
It Chapter Two – Adult Eddie Kaspbrak (James Ransone)
Journey to the West: Conquering the Demons – Prince Important (Show Lo)
Justice League – Lex Luthor (Jesse Eisenberg)
Killing Eve – Aaron Peel (Henry Lloyd-Hughes)
Pee Mak – Aey
Running Wild with Bear Grylls – Bobby Bones
Shark Lake – Peter Mayes (Michael Aaron Milligan)
Zack Snyder's Justice League – Lex Luthor (Jesse Eisenberg)

Animation
Clifford the Big Red Dog – T-Bone

Character song CD

Attack on Titan - "Dark Side Of The Moon"
Bungo Stray Dogs - "Labyrinth Deciphering Game"
Cute High Earth Defense Club LOVE! - "Never Know"
Dear My Sun!! - "Metamorphose"
Digimon Frontier - "In the Blue"
Digimon Frontier - "More More Happy Christmas"
Durarara!! - "Subarashii Hibi (Wonderful Days)"
Durarara!! - "Katte ni Shiyagare (Whatever You Like)"
Favorite Dear - "Mirai no Tameni"
Gakuen Heaven - "Little Wish"
Gakuen Heaven - "Share the Future"
Gakuen Heaven - "Walk Up!" Green Green - "Ondō ~Sōchō Solo Ver.~"
Hakushaku to Yōsei - "Shining Rose"
Kamigami no Asobi - "I Bless You"
Karneval - "Reach for the sky"
Kuroko's Basketball - FINAL EMPEROR
Kuroko's Basketball - DOUBLE CORE
Mobile Suit Gundam 00 - "Idea"
Mobile Suit Gundam 00 - "Elephant"
Monochrome Factor - "Awake ~Boku no Subete~"
Monochrome Factor - "The World of Tomorrow"
Natsume Yūjin Chō - "Atatakai Basho"
Noragami - "Tsukiyo no Fune"
Lxion Saga DT - "Stand Up ED"
One Piece - "Dr. Heart Stealer"
One Piece - "Lost in Shinsekai"
One Piece - "Headliners"
Pani Poni Dash! - "Nikukyū Bochō"
Ring ni Kakero - "Ibara no Senritsu ~Melody~"
Samurai Warriors - "Tokoshie Ni Saku Hana (A Flower That Blooms Eternally)"
Sayonara Zetsubō Sensei - "Happy Nanchara"
Sayonara Zetsubō Sensei - "Zesshō"
Sayonara Zetsubō Sensei - "Kurayami Shinjuu Soushisouai"
Shinkyoku Sōkai Polyphonica - "Way to Go"
Starry Sky - "Shoot High"
Ultra Maniac - "Boku dake no..."
Working!!- "Heart no Edge ni Idomō (Go to Heart Edge)"
Working! !2 - "Itsumo you ni Love & Peace"
"Working! !3" - "Matsuge ni Lock"
Zoku Natsume Yūjin Chō - "Ayumiyoru Yuuki"

Discography

Mini albums
  (2009)
  (2013)
  (2014)
  (2015)
  (2015)
  (2016)
 TOY BOX (2018)
 CUE (2019)
 TP (2020)
 BRAND NEW WAY (2021)

Albums
  (2011)

Singles
 "For Myself" (2010)
  (2011)
 "Such a Beautiful Affair" (2012)
 "START AGAIN" (2014)
 "Danger Heaven?" (2016)
  (2017)
(2017)

Live performances
Kiramune Music Festival 2009
Kiramune Music Festival 2010
Kiramune Music Festival 2012
Kiramune Music Festival 2013
Kiramune Music Festival 2014
Kiramune Music Festival 2015
Hiroshi <mask> ~First Live~
Kiramune Music Festival 2016
DGS EXPO 2016
 Hiroshi Kamiya Live 2016 “LIVE THEATER”
Kiramune Music Festival 2017
KAmiYU in Wonderland 4 2018
Kiramune Music Festival 2018
DGS vs MOB Live Survive 2018
Hiroshi Kamiya LIVE TOUR “SUNNY BOX” 2021

References

External links

 <mask> <mask> at Ryu's Seiyuu Info
 <mask> <mask>  at GamePlaza-Haruka Voice Acting Database
 <mask> <mask> Doi's Seiyuu Database

1975 births
Living people
Aoni Production voice actors
Best Actor Seiyu Award winners
Japanese male pop singers
Japanese male video game actors
Japanese male voice actors
Lantis (company) artists
Male voice actors from Chiba Prefecture
Musicians from Chiba Prefecture
20th-century Japanese male actors
21st-century Japanese male actors
21st-century Japanese singers
21st-century Japanese male

masks: Kamiya Hiroshi Kamiya Hiroshi Kamiya Hiroshi Kamiyaoshi


title: Hazrat Ishaan

texts:
Sayyid ul Sadaat Khwaja Sayyid Mir Khawand Mahmud ibn Sharif Naqshbandi al-Hasani wal-Husseini, known as <mask> (1563 — 5 November 1642) was a Sufi Saint from Bukhara, Uzbekistan. Ancestry
<mask> was a Sayyid, signifying his direct descent from the Islamic prophet Muhammad (in this case through his daughter Fatima al Zahra and his son in law and cousin Ali ibn Abu Talib). Paternal descendance
Two paternal Sayyid lineages of him are currently known. From one line he is a direct descendant of the seventh Imam Musa al Kadhim, through his son Ibrahim al Murtadha and of the well known Sufi master Khwaja Sayyid Mir Alauddin Atar. Sayyid Alauddin Atar was the successor and son in law of <mask>. Therefore, <mask> is also from the progeny of <mask>, who was himself a descendant of the eleventh Imam Hasan al Askari, through his son Sayyid Ali Akbar. <mask> is also known to have a familiary relationship with the Sufi saint Farid ul-din Attar and Khwaja Ubaidullah Ahrar.Khwaja Ahrar was his ancestor, which also indicates <mask> Ishaans descent from Caliph Umar ibn Al Khattab

Maternal descendance
From his maternal line <mask> <mask> is of Hashimi descent from two lines. One line is linked to Imam Hussein though his maternal grandfather Mirak ibn Zayn ul Abideen. Another line is linked to Imam Muhammad Ibn al Hanafiyyah. Biography

Family
<mask> <mask> was the second son of Khwaja Sayyid Mir Sharif Naqshbandi. His older brother was Khwaja Khawand Muhammad Naqshbandi, known as Khwaja Khawand Aftab, who also was a saint. <mask> <mask> had issued 5 daughters and 6 sons, who are all regarded as saints. Lineage

Registered lineages of him to Muhammad, that are currently known are the following two:

1.Muhammad

2. Ali ibn Abi Talib and Fatima Al Zahra

3. Imam Hussain

4. Imam Ali Zayn al-Abidin

5. Imam Muhammad al Baqir

6. Imam Ja'far al-Sâdiq

7. Imam Musa al-Kazim

8.Imam Ali al Reza

9. Imam Muhammad al Taqi

10. Imam Ali al Hadi

11. Imam Hasan al-Askari

12. Mir Sayyid Ali Akbar

13. Sayyid Mir Mahmud Fakhriddin

14. Amir Sayyid Mir Muhyuddin

15.Amir Sayyid Mir Khalwati

16. Amir Sayyid Mir Naqi Naqib

17. Sayyid Mir Ilaq

18. Sayyid Mir Mahmud

19. Sayyid Mir Burhan Qilchy

20. Sayyid Mir Shaaban

21. Sayyid Mir Qasim

22.Sayyid Mir Zayn ul Abedin

23. Sayyid Mir Abdullah

24. Sayyid Mir Burhanuddin Qilchy

25. Amir Sayyid Mir Jalalludin Muhammad Bukhari

26. Amir Sayyid Muhammad Bukhari

27. <mask> Khwaja Sayyid Mir Bahauddin Naqshband

28. Shahe Naqshband´s daughter and her husband Khwaja Sayyid Mir Alauddin Attar

29.<mask> Khwaja Sayyid Mir Hussain Atar Bukhari

30. <mask> Khwaja Sayyid Mir Tajuddin Hussain

31. <mask> Khwaja Sayyid Mir Muhammad

32. <mask> Khwaja Sayyid Mir Zia ul Din

33. <mask> Khwaja Sayyid Mir Sharif

34. <mask> Khwaja Sayyid Mir Khawand Mahmud, also known as <mask> <mask>

1. Muhammad

2.Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib and Fatima Al Zahra

3. Imam Hussain

4. Imam Ali Zayn al-Abidin

5. Imam Muhammad al Baqir

6. Imam Ja'far al-Sâdiq

7. Imam Musa al-Kazim

8. Sayyid Mir Ibrahim

9.Sayyid Mir Abu Bakr al-Kabir

10. Sayyid Mir Abdul-Haq

11. Sayyid Mir Jafar

12. Sayyid Mir Muhammad Rumi

13. Sayyid Mir Abdullah

14. Sayyid Mir Musa

15. Sayyid Mir Hussein

16.Sayyid Mir Qasim

17. Sayyid Mir Abu Bakr Reza

18. Sayyid Mir Abdullah Zarbakhsh

19. Sayyid Mir Muhammad Khwarezmi

20. Khwaja Alauddin Attar

21. <mask> Khwaja Sayyid Mir Hussain Atar Bukhari

22. <mask> Khwaja Sayyid Mir Tajuddin Hussain

23.<mask> Khwaja Sayyid Mir Muhammad

24. <mask> Khwaja Sayyid Mir Zia ul Din

25. <mask> Khwaja Sayyid Mir Sharif

26. <mask> Khwaja Sayyid Mir Khawand Mahmud, also known as <mask> Ishaan

The significance of his lineage is an evidence for descendants of Imam Hasan al-Askari. Spiritual journey
<mask> <mask> was influenced by his ancestors´ teachings and was therefore a disciple of his father. Hazat <mask> was granted permission from his father to study in a royal college and had become an accomplished scholar. In the age of 23 years <mask> <mask> Shah Saheb has received a letter to visit his father and to accompany him in his last days.Upon his father, passing away, he abandoned further studies and concentrated on the mystical quest. In this he first left to Wakhsh, where he became Shaykh ul Islam, performing his duties there. While staying in Wakhsh, he got to know Khwaja Hajji. They have met a second time in Balkh, where Khwaja Hajji has introduced him to his future master Khwaja Ishaq Dahbidi and has become his disciple. He met him the second time in Bokhara and has become his disciple. After twelve years of spiritual training <mask> <mask> Saheb has reached the level of a Shaykh in Tasawuff in year 1598. Khwaja Ishaq Wali has welcomed him in his circle as the emperor of all Awliya Allah.On the order of Khwaja Ishaq Wali <mask> <mask> Saheb went to Lahore to propagate the Ishaqqiya path. Instead he went to Srinagar in Kashmir. In Srinagar he attracted many people, who have later followed him. The fame of his piety has reached many areas of Central Asia. Hundreds of thousands of disciples in Khorasan, modern-day Afghanistan, especially in the cities of Kandahar, Kabul and Herat, followed him. He has sent disciples in all over Central Asia under, whom 2 have been sent to Tibet. Unlike other Naqshbandi Masters he attracted many people, who were not only official patronages.<mask> Khwaja Khawand Mahmud was invited by the Moghul Emperor Jahangir to go to his court in Agra. Going there several times, he was able to create firm connections to the court, because Jahangir was his disciple. Jahangir firmly believed in him, being taught by his father Akbar that he was born through <mask> Ishaan´s prayers, when Akbar desperately wished to have a child. Becoming entangled in the struggle against the Shia community there, Moghul emperor Shah Jahan evacuated him in year 1636 to Delhi. <mask> <mask> spent his last six years in Lahore, where he Shah Jahan has built a Palace for him, that later became his mausoleum. Succession
<mask> <mask> was succeeded by his son Moinuddin Naqshabnd in Kashmir. His youngest son Bahauddin succeeded his father in Lahore in a very young age.His spiritual line died out in the late eighteenth century. <mask> <mask> has stated that one of his progeny will come to revive his lineage and to take his place as Ghawth. It has been found, that <mask> Sayyid Mir Jan is this person, who is his successor in the Uwaisiyyah way. Spiritual rank
<mask> <mask> was Qutb the highest ranking Wali Allah (saint) of his time. In Sufism the Qutb is known as the cosmic leader of the whole universe and righteous successor of Muhammad. It is said that <mask> <mask> stated that under his progeny there will come a son of him, who will revive the spiritual lineage and legacy of <mask> <mask> and who will take his place as Qutb after him. His miraculous and prophesied successor is Sayyid ul Sadaat <mask> Sayyid Mir Jan.

Gallery

See also
Abdul Qadir Jilani
Sultan Sadaat Sayyid Ali Akbar
Ali Hujwiri
Bahauddin Naqshband
Moinuddin Chishti
<mask> <mask> (Title)
Ziyarat Naqshband Sahab
Moinuddin Hadi Naqshband
Sayyid Mir Jan
Sayyid Mahmud Agha

External links
www.hazrat-ishaan.com

References

17th-century Muslim scholars of Islam
Family of Muhammad
Hashemite people
Sufi religious leaders
Sufi saints
Naqshbandi order
Sufi mystics
Muslim mystics
1563 births
1642 deaths
People of Arab descent

masks:
Hazrat Ishaan Shah Saheb
Hazrat Ishaan
Hazrat Bahauddin Naqshband
Hazrat Ishaan
Hazrat Bahauddin Naqshband
Hazrat Ishaan Saheb
Hazrat
Hazrat
Ishaan
Hazrat
Ishaan
Hazrat
Ishaan
Hazrat
Hazrat
Hazrat
Hazrat
Hazrat
Hazrat
Hazrat
Hazrat
Ishaan
Hazrat
Hazrat
Hazrat
Hazrat
Hazrat
Hazrat
Hazrat
Hazrat
Ishaan
Ishaan
Hazrat
Ishaan
Hazrat
Ishaan
Hazrat
Ishaan
Hazrat
Hazrat
Hazrat
Ishaan
Hazrat
Ishaan
Hazrat
Ishaan
Hazrat
Hazrat
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Hazrat
Ishaan
Hazrat
Ishaan
Hazrat
Hazrat
Ishaan


title: Yang Ye

texts:
<mask> (楊業) or <mask> (楊繼業) (died August 986), named Liu Jiye (劉繼業) before 979 and <mask>i (楊重貴) in his youth, was a military general in imperial China, serving first the Northern Han state during the last years of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, and later the Song Dynasty which annexed Northern Han in 979. While at Northern Han, he took on the surname "Liu", having been adopted by Northern Han's founding emperor Liu Chong as a grandson. After pledging allegiance to Emperor Taizong of Song, he was stationed at Song's northern border with the Khitan-ruled Liao Dynasty, where, in 980, he played an instrumental role in expelling a major Liao invasion in Yanmen Pass. Early life
<mask>i was born in a military family. Growing up, his father <mask> (楊信) was named the Linzhou (麟州; modern Shenmu County, Shaanxi) prefect (刺史) during the Later Han (947–951). At a young age, <mask>i was a very good horse archer, always returning with several times more game than others on hunting trips. He used dogs and falcons to hunt and saw it as a way to prepare for a career commanding soldiers as a military general.Career under Northern Han
In his 20s, he joined warlord Liu Chong (Liu Min), quickly becoming a chief director of defense (保衛指揮使) after Liu established the Northern Han state in Jinyang (晉陽; modern Taiyuan, Shanxi) in 951. <mask> showed enough gallantry in battles, some against the neighboring Khitan-ruled Liao Dynasty, for the new ruler to bestow the youngster the name Liu Jiye so that they share the same surname. In 968, Northern Han was attacked by the Song Dynasty, and its 4th ruler Liu Jiyuan sought help from Liao, but Liu Jiye suggested attacking Liao's unsuspecting reinforcement to capture their horses: "The Khitans are greedy and untrustworthy, they will definitely invade our country one day." Liu Jiyuan refused the proposal, and eventually the Song forces withdrew. Liu Jiye was already the Jianxiong Command (建雄軍) military governor when the Song forces invaded again in 979. With Emperor Taizong of Song personally leading the troops, Song forces quickly reached Jinyang. Liu Jiyuan came out to surrender, but Liu Jiye continued fighting and defending the capital city.Impressed by his bravery, Emperor Taizong ordered Liu Jiyuan to persuade him to surrender. Having received Liu Jiyuan's message, Liu Jiye cried and bowed to the north, then took off his armor to surrender. A pleased Emperor Taizong rewarded him very well, and he changed his name to <mask>. Career under Song
Knowing <mask>'s experience in defending the same area from the Liao Dynasty, Emperor Taizong named <mask> prefect over Daizhou on the frontier and the armed force director (兵馬部署) of the neighboring Sanjiao (三交) military base. Previously <mask> was also named a defense commissioner (防禦使). <mask> was illiterate but knew military strategies well. He would join his soldiers in military exercises, enduring the same hardship as his inferiors.Winters were very frigid in the area, but <mask> never asked anyone to start a fire for him as he handled military matters outdoors. His soldiers were very loyal to him. In 980, the Liao invasion started with roughly 100,000 Liao soldiers arriving before Yanmen, a pass on the Great Wall in Dai Prefecture and a strategic choke point. After the arrival of Song army commander Pan Mei in Daizhou, <mask> and a few hundred cavalrymen took a difficult route on the west, arriving at the north and back of the enemy. As Pan and <mask> attacked from both directions, the Liao army suffered a catastrophic defeat: Liao general Li Chonghui (李重誨) was captured; while Emperor Jingzong of Liao's brother-in-law and military governor Xiao Chuoli (蕭啜裏) was killed. Song forces acquired countless horses, saddles, and armor. Following this battle, the Liao army would "retreat immediately whenever they saw [<mask>] <mask>'s flag", according to History of Song.Within two years of his surrender, <mask> was promoted to the nominal post of surveillance commissioner (觀察使) of Yunzhou (雲州, modern Datong, Shanxi, then still under Liao control), while retaining his appointments in Daizhou and the Sanjiao military base. Several Song border generals became jealous. Some sent letters to Emperor Taizong listing <mask>'s shortcomings. Emperor Taizong allegedly forwarded the letters to <mask> to show his trust. Death
In 986, the Song armies embarked on a large-scale northern campaign to take the Sixteen Prefectures from Liao. One of the three forces was led by Pan Mei, assisted by <mask>, along with military supervisors Wang Shen (王侁) and Liu Wenyu (劉文裕). In a little over a month, this force had already conquered 4 of the 16 prefectures, namely Huanzhou (寰州, part of modern Shuozhou, Shanxi), Shuozhou, Yingzhou (應州; modern Ying County, Shanxi) and Yunzhou, killing thousands of Liao soldiers.<mask>'s son <mask> (<mask>) was the vanguard general in the attacks of Shuozhou and Yingzhou. Elsewhere, Gao Hua (高化), a capable subordinate general whom <mask> valued and promoted, captured Liao general Dapengyi (大鵬翼). However, another Song force on the east led by Cao Bin was destroyed by a Liao force led by <mask> Xiuge, and tens of thousands of Song soldiers perished. As the Liao force with over 100,000 soldiers marched westward, Pan and <mask> were in Daizhou and received orders to help the civilians of the four conquered prefectures retreat back to Song territory. When Huanzhou fell to the Liao army, <mask> told Pan, "Liao forces are strong and we must not fight them." He proposed a detailed plan to maximize the safety of the civilians from the 3 remaining prefectures. Per this plan, the Yunzhou civilians would leave first.The main Song force would advance from Daizhou to Yingzhou, drawing the main Liao force, thus allowing the Shuozhou civilians to leave and move to a valley called Shijiegu (石碣谷), which could be defended by a thousand soldiers with arrows. Finally a cavalry reinforcement would help the main Song force retrieve the Yingzhou civilians. The generals defending Shuozhou and Yunzhou would be notified of the plan to coordinate activities. Wang Shen refuted his suggestion, jeering, "Such cowardice despite having tens of thousands of strong soldiers!" With the support of Liu Wenyu, he insisted that <mask> immediately take his troops to take the enemy head-on. <mask> reiterated his belief that such a move would bring defeat, which was met by Wang's rebuttal of "You sir have been called 'invincible', but today you are so hesitant in face of the enemy and reluctant to fight. Is your loyalty elsewhere?"<mask> had no choice but to reply, "I am not evading death, but this is a bad situation which would make soldiers die and injure in vain. However, since you accuse me for fearing death, I will be the first (to die) before you all." He pointed at the end of a valley called Chenjiagu (陳家谷, in modern Shuozhou): "Gentlemen, please put infantrymen with arrows on both sides of that place, so that they could attack from both directions and provide assistance in case I retreat there. Otherwise, the situation could be dire." Pan and Wang agreed, and led their men to the place. Liao general <mask> Xiezhen heard of <mask>'s arrival and set up an ambush. <mask> engaged the Liao force in a bloody battle and fought from noon to dusk until he indeed retreated to the end of Chenjiagu, but no Song soldier was there, as Pan and Wang had already left.As the enemy closed in, <mask>'s son <mask> (楊延玉) was killed, as was a 72-year-old subordinate Wang Gui (王貴) who continued fighting with his fists after exhausting all arrows. Seeing only around a hundred soldiers around him, <mask> told them, "You all have fathers, mothers, wives and children, no point in dying together with me. Return home and serve the emperor later." His men all cried, but nobody left. Liao soldiers were instructed to capture <mask> alive. Even with several dozen wounds on him, <mask> fought on, killing about a hundred enemy soldiers by himself. He was captured when his horse was gravely wounded by an arrow from Liao general <mask> Xidi.<mask> Xiezhen yelled, "You have been fighting with our country for over 30 years. What do you have to say today!" To which <mask> replied, "I deserve the death sentence." He allegedly sighed and said, "The emperor has treated me so kindly, expecting me to conquer the enemy and defend the borders in return. However, due to persecutions from treacherous officials, the royal troops have been defeated. How can I live on?" he suicided by smashing his head .As expected Yunzhou, Yingzhou and other prefectures were recaptured by the Liao army, but according to History of Liao, it was because Song generals "abandoned the cities and fled when they heard of (<mask>) Jiye's death". Aftermath
<mask>'s severed head was presented to the young Emperor Shengzong of Liao and his mother Empress Dowager Xiao Yanyan. This was such a great victory for the Liao, where Buddhism was the state religion, that Kailong Temple (開龍寺) in the capital Shangjing (上京, in today's Baarin Left Banner) conducted religious activities for a month and provided food for over 10,000 monks. In the Song Dynasty, the <mask> family was initially compensated only 100 rolls of silk, 100 rolls of textile and 10 stones of rice for <mask>'s death. In comparison, the family of a lesser general He Huaipu (賀懷浦) who also died in the same battle was compensated 100 rolls of silk, 100 strings of coins, 20 bottles of wine, and 15 sheep, indicating possible scapegoating against <mask>. What exactly happened afterwards is unclear, but a few months later Emperor Taizong proclaimed the following edict:

<mask>'s six surviving sons were also given official appointments, especially <mask>, who would become a prominent general himself. Invincible Yang Temple
Liao Dynasty had built an "Invincible Yang Temple" in Gubeikou shortly after his death.Its earliest mention was a 1055 poem "Passing Gubeikou's Invincible Yang Temple" (過古北口楊無敵廟) by Song politician Liu Chang (劉敞), who went to Liao on a mission that year. In a 1089 poem, "Gubeikou's Invincible Yang Temple" (古北口楊無敵廟), Su Zhe who was also visiting Liao, compared <mask> to the Jin Dynasty (266–420) general Zhou Chu who was similarly persecuted by his superior. This temple is still at the location today in Gubeikou, Miyun County, Beijing. In fiction

In the popular The Generals of the Yang Family legends, <mask> married She Saihua, a woman skilled in martial arts and archery. In most versions, his weapon is a poled golden glaive. The older <mask> is usually called <mask> (楊令公, literally "Commander Lord <mask>"). During the battle of Mount Twin Wolves, he was surrounded by enemies.His eldest three sons had already died and his fourth and fifth sons were missing. His sixth son <mask> asked the seventh son to seek aid while he tried to fight a way out for the father. Feeling hopeless, <mask> saw in a distance a headstone on the ground. The name on it was Li Ling, a famous Han Dynasty general who in 99BC was forced to lead an army of 5,000 to attack the 80,000-men strong Xiongnu army from the north. Fighting valiantly for over 10 days and killing over 10,000 Xiongnu soldiers, Li received no reinforcement and defected to his enemy in the end, resulting in the execution of his entire family back home. Refusing to become another Li Ling, <mask> decided to commit suicide by ramming his head on the stele. The Water Margin character, <mask>, is stated to be one of <mask>'s descendants, and <mask> is mentioned to have been one of the many generations to have wielded <mask>'s legendary sabre.Notes and references

Sources

986 deaths
Song dynasty generals
The Generals of the Yang Family characters
Year of birth unknown
Northern Han generals
People from Taiyuan
Generals from Shanxi
10th-century Chinese adoptees

masks:
Yang Ye
Yang Jiye
Yang Chonggu
Yang Chonggu
Yang Xin
Yang Chonggu
Yang
Yang Ye
Yang Ye
Yang
Yang
Yang
Yang
Yang
Yang
Yang
Ye
Yang
Yang
Yang
Yang Ye
Yang Ye
Yang Yanlang
Yang Yanzhao
Yang Ye
Yeü
Yang Ye
Yang
Yang
Yang
Yang
Yeü
Yang
Yang
Yang Ye
Yang Yanyu
Yang Ye
Yang
Yang
Yeü
Yeü
Yang
Yang
Yang Ye
Yang
Yang Ye
Yang
Yang Ye
Yang Yanhao
Yang
Yang Ye
Yang Ye
Yang Linggong
Yang
Yang Yanzhao
Yang Ye
Yang Ye
Yang Zhi
Yang Ye
Yang Ye
Yang Zhi


title: Phil Foden

texts:
<mask> (born 28 May 2000) is an English professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for  club Manchester City and the England national team. He is considered one of the best young players in the world. Foden's breakthrough into professional football came in 2017 when he won the FIFA U-17 World Cup Golden Ball award following England's successful Under-17 World Cup campaign. He made his debut for City during the same year and in December was named BBC Young Sports Personality of the Year. Foden has since made over 100 appearances for the club, winning eight honours including becoming the youngest recipient of a Premier League winners' medal. In 2019, he won a second Premier League and became the club's youngest-ever goalscorer in the UEFA Champions League, and is the youngest English player to both start a match and score in the knockout stages of the competition. In 2021, he was named as the Premier League Young Player of the Season and the PFA Young Player of the Year.Foden has represented England at many youth levels, scoring 19 goals in 51 youth caps. He was first called up to the senior team on 25 August 2020 and made his debut against Iceland on 5 September 2020, in a 1–0 victory in the UEFA Nations League. Club career

Manchester City

Early career

Born in Stockport, Greater Manchester, Foden was a boyhood supporter of Manchester City. He joined the club at the age of four and signed his Academy scholarship in July 2016. He was privately educated at St Bede's College, with his tuition fees being paid for by Manchester City. On 6 December 2016, City head coach Pep Guardiola included Foden in the matchday squad for the Champions League group stage match with Celtic; he was an unused substitute in the 1–1 home draw. 2017–18 season
In July 2017, Foden was included in Manchester City's squad for the club's pre-season tour of the United States, where he performed impressively in a 0–2 loss to Manchester United and also started in a 4–1 win over Real Madrid.After making several appearances on the bench at the start of the 2017–18 season, Foden made his Manchester City debut on 21 November 2017 in a Champions League game against Feyenoord, coming on in the 75th minute for Yaya Touré. He became the fourth-youngest English player to make an appearance in the Champions League (17 years 177 days). On 6 December 2017, Foden broke the record previously held by Josh McEachran to become the youngest English player, at the age of 17 years and 192 days, to start in a UEFA Champions League match, doing so in a 2–1 defeat to Shakhtar Donetsk. He also became the first player born in the year 2000 to start a match in the competition. He made his Premier League debut as a substitute in a 4–1 win against Tottenham Hotspur on 16 December 2017, appearing in the 83rd minute for İlkay Gündoğan. Foden featured as a late substitute for Sergio Agüero in the EFL Cup Final on 25 February 2018, helping City secure a 3–0 victory against Arsenal at Wembley Stadium. The following month, he broke Kieran Richardson's record to become the youngest English player to start in a knockout-match in the Champions League, doing so at the age of 17 years and 283 days in a 4–0 win over Basel.On 13 May, he became the youngest ever player to receive a Premier League winners' medal. Guinness World Records recognised him for this feat in the 2020 edition of their book. 2018–19 season
Foden was part of City's starting line-up for the FA Community Shield on 5 August 2018, playing a total of 75 minutes as well as assisting Agüero's first goal of the game in a 2–0 victory over Chelsea at Wembley Stadium, marking Foden's third winners' medal of the calendar year. On 25 September 2018, he provided an assist to Riyad Mahrez and later scored his first senior goal in injury time to secure City a 3–0 away win against Oxford United in the third round of the EFL Cup. Foden scored his first home goal at the Etihad Stadium, netting the second for City during their 7–0 victory against Rotherham United in the third round of the FA Cup on 6 January 2019. Three days later, Foden was again on the scoresheet as he helped City defeat Burton Albion 9–0 in the first leg of the EFL Cup semi-finals. On 12 March 2019, Foden scored his first Champions League goal during the second leg of the last-16 tie against Schalke, as City won 7–0 (10–2 on aggregate).In doing so, he helped the club equal the record for the largest winning margin in the knockout phase of the competition. His goal also saw him become Man City's youngest-ever goalscorer in the Champions League and the youngest English goalscorer to score in the knock-out stages of the competition, aged 18 years and 288 days. At the start of the following month, he made his first league start for the club in a 2–0 win over Cardiff City, becoming the youngest English player to do so since Daniel Sturridge in 2008. After the match, City manager Pep Guardiola told media that he expected Foden to be an important Manchester City player "for the next decade". Foden scored his first Premier League goal on 20 April 2019, in a 1–0 victory over Tottenham Hotspur. Upon doing so, he became the third-youngest player to score for the club in the Premier League, after Micah Richards and Sturridge. Man City ended the season completing a domestic sweep of all trophies with Foden having an increasingly prominent role in the squad.2019–20 season
Foden began the 2019–20 season with his 7th honour, winning the FA Community Shield against Liverpool at Wembley Stadium on 4 August 2019. He scored in the penalty shoot-out which decided the victors. Six days later he made his first Premier League appearance of the season as Manchester City beat West Ham United 5–0 at the London Stadium. On 1 October 2019, Foden scored his first goal of the season in the UEFA Champions League, netting in a 2–0 win over Dinamo Zagreb on match-day 2 of the group stage. Foden created the second most big chances (6) in the UEFA Champions League group stage, only behind Lionel Messi (7). Foden made his first Premier League start of the season, on 15 December 2019, picking up an assist against Arsenal at the Emirates Stadium in a 3–0 victory for the citizens. On 1 March 2020, Foden started in the EFL Cup final and claimed his 6th major honour and his 8th career trophy as Man City won 2–1 against Aston Villa.He was also named man of the match, thereby becoming the youngest recipient of the Alan Hardaker Trophy. On 17 June 2020, Premier League football returned after the COVID-19 pandemic had put the season on hold. Foden was on the scoresheet as City put three past Arsenal at the Etihad stadium. The following match Foden scored his first Premier League brace and scored in consecutive league games for the first time as Manchester City won 5–0 against Burnley. On 2 July 2020, Manchester City welcomed newly crowned champions Liverpool to the Etihad. Foden scored and assisted in the match as City won 4–0. The 2019–20 Premier League season ended on 26 July, with Foden starting in a 5–0 victory over Norwich, seeing Manchester City finish the season in 2nd place.The occasion, however, was marked with the departure of Foden’s idol David Silva, after 10 years with the club. In 2017, Foden stated "Training is faster and it has been great playing with Silva, he's my idol really. I try and watch what he does and learn from him and try and do the same things." Foden was tipped to take over from Silva with Pep Guardiola saying that Manchester City "trust" <mask>n to replace him. Foden started his second UEFA Champions League knockout tie on 7 August 2020, against Real Madrid, helping his side win 2–1 (4–2 on aggregate) and progress on to the quarter final, where Man City would bow out of the competition. He ended the season with 38 games played, registering 8 goals and 9 assists across all competitions. 2020–21 season
Foden opened his account for the season against Wolves on match-day 1 of the Premier League season, netting in a 3–1 victory on 21 September 2020.He scored his second league goal of the 2020–21 season, against West Ham United in a 1–1 draw at the London Stadium, on 24 October 2020. He equalised just six minutes after replacing Sergio Aguero at half time,  turning smartly to convert a cross from teammate João Cancelo. Foden scored his first UEFA Champions League goal of the 2020–21 season in Greece against Olympiacos, on 25 November 2020, a smart finish from inside the box after a delightful Raheem Sterling cut back. This win in the Champions League secured City’s progress through to the round of 16 stage for the 8th consecutive season. On 7 February 2021, he scored a goal and provided an assist in a 4–1 away win over Liverpool, to be his team's first win at Anfield since 2003. Foden once again scored in Merseyside, as Manchester City won 3–1 away at Goodison Park on 17 February, stretching their lead at the top of the table and making it 17 consecutive wins in all competitions. Foden was on the scoresheet in both legs of City's Champions League quarter-final tie against Borussia Dortmund, securing their progression to the last four of the competition.On 21 April 2021, Foden received the man of the match award and scored against Aston Villa at Villa Park, to give Man City a 2–1 victory and subsequently extended their lead, at the top of the table, to 11 points. This was Foden’s 14th goal in all competitions, in the 2020–21 season and his 7th in the Premier League. Just four days later, Foden won his 9th trophy with Manchester City as they beat Tottenham 1–0 in the EFL Cup Final, with Foden playing the full 90 minutes. Foden once again made history with City, as they reached the UEFA Champions League Final for the first time after beating Paris Saint-Germain 4–1 on aggregate, with Foden providing an assist to Riyad Mahrez in the second leg. On 12 May Foden secured his third premier league title in four years as Manchester United were beaten 2–1 by Leicester City. Foden started the first UEFA Champions League final in the club's history. Man City lost the Match 1–0 – Foden’s first loss in a final during his senior career.He was named in the UEFA Champions League Squad of the season and won Premier League Young Player of the Season while being nominated for both the PFA Player of the Year and PFA Young Player of the Year, winning the latter award. International career

Youth
In May 2017, Foden scored in the final of the 2017 UEFA European Under-17 Championship as the England under-17s suffered a penalty shoot-out defeat at the hands of Spain. In October of the same year, Foden gained widespread press attention after scoring twice in the final of the 2017 FIFA U-17 World Cup, also against Spain, as England won the competition. He was named as the best player of the tournament. He won the FIFA U-17 World Cup Golden Ball award in 2017 where he also gained some widespread press attention and significant media coverage. On 27 May 2019, Foden was included in England's 23-man squad for the 2019 UEFA European Under-21 Championship and scored an impressive goal — his first for the U21s — in the opening 2–1 defeat to France in Cesena. Senior

Debut and Euro 2020
On 25 August 2020, Gareth Southgate named Foden in the England senior squad for the first time.He made his international debut against Iceland on 5 September 2020, in a 1–0 away victory in the UEFA Nations League tournament. On 7 September, Foden, alongside England teammate Mason Greenwood, was withdrawn from the England squad due to breaking the team's COVID-19 isolation protocols by bringing at least one guest to their team hotel in Iceland. Manchester City condemned Foden's actions. Foden scored his first and second goals for England during a UEFA Nations League match against Iceland at Wembley Stadium on 18 November 2020. On 1 June 2021 Foden was named in the 26-man squad for the newly rescheduled UEFA Euro 2020. He joined up with the squad at a later date due to his participation in that year's UEFA Champions League Final. On 8 June, Foden revealed that he had dyed his hair blonde – drawing comparisons to former England midfielder Paul Gascoigne who also had a similar haircut for Euro 96.Foden said in a press conference on the same day that "The full nation know what he means to the country and what he did, so it won’t be too bad if I try to bring a bit of Gazza on to the pitch." Style of play, development and comparisons
Foden is left-footed, and can play as a wing-back, or a winger on the right, though Pep Guardiola has described him as "more of a midfielder". In 2017, Guardiola described him as "a special player", saying: "It's dangerous to say good things about young players because they are still young, and they have to grow and they have to learn many, many things... But we have a lot of confidence to help him, because we believe he is a guy who has potential, even if he's not strong, he's not tall." In 2017, Louise Taylor of The Guardian described Foden as "boasting tight, adhesive control and blessed with the knack of drifting past opponents". In 2018, veteran football writer Brian Glanville described him as a "gifted and precocious teenager", adding: "Young players of his skill and inventive quality are pitifully thin on the ground." Personal life
Foden is in a relationship with Rebecca Cooke and has a son, Ronnie, born in January 2019.In April 2021, the couple announced that they were expecting their second child, a daughter who was due in late summer or early autumn  2021. Career statistics

Club

International

England score listed first, score column indicates score after each Foden goal

Honours
Manchester City
Premier League: 2017–18, 2018–19, 2020–21
FA Cup: 2018–19
EFL Cup: 2017–18, 2018–19, 2019–20, 2020–21
FA Community Shield: 2018, 2019
UEFA Champions League runner-up: 2020–21

England U17
FIFA U-17 World Cup: 2017
UEFA European Under-17 Championship runner-up: 2017

England
UEFA European Championship runner-up: 2020

Individual
UEFA European Under-17 Championship Team of the Tournament: 2017
FIFA U-17 World Cup Golden Ball: 2017
BBC Young Sports Personality of the Year: 2017
IFFHS Men's World Youth (U20) Team: 2020
Alan Hardaker Trophy: 2020
UEFA Champions League Squad of the Season: 2020–21
Premier League Young Player of the Season: 2020–21
PFA Young Player of the Year: 2020–21

Notes

References

External links

Profile at the Manchester City F.C. website
Profile at the Football Association website

2000 births
Living people
Footballers from Stockport
English footballers
England youth international footballers
England under-21 international footballers
England international footballers
Association football midfielders
Manchester City F.C. players
Premier League players
UEFA Euro 2020 players
People educated at St Bede's College, Manchester

masks:
Philip Walter Foden
Phil Fode


title: Paul Malakwen Kosgei

texts:
<mask> (born 22 April 1978, in Marakwet) is a Kenyan long-distance and marathon runner. He first came to prominence in athletics by taking the World Junior Record of 3000m steeple in 1997, and later with consecutive medals at the IAAF World Cross Country Championships from 1998 to 2000. In 1999 he started his technical collaboration with the Italian Coach Renato Canova, that changed his event, looking at longer distances. He made his debut at the IAAF World Half Marathon Championships in 2002 and became the surprise world champion for the event. Later that year he became the African champion on the track in the 10,000 metres and also won silver medals at the 2002 Commonwealth Games and 2002 IAAF World Cup. He focused on entirely on road running after 2002 and he broke the world record for the 25 km distance, running 1:12:45 in May 2004. His personal best over the half marathon (59:07 minutes), with which he won the 2006 Berlin Half Marathon, ranks him within the top ten fastest ever over the distance.He began to focus on marathon running and won his first race at the Maratona d'Italia in 2010 with a course record and personal best time of 2:09.00. From 2009 there was a passage of coach, from Renato Canova to Gabriele Nicola, who is a student of the former coach. Career

Junior world record and first medals
<mask> started his international career as a cross country runner and a steeplechaser. He came to prominence as a junior athlete in 1997 when he took the junior bronze medal at the 1997 IAAF World Cross Country Championships, and he also reached the 1997 IAAF Grand Prix Final for the 3000 metres steeplechase. He established his pedigree by setting a world junior record for the event. He emerged as a senior the following year, taking the bronze in the short race at the 1998 IAAF World Cross Country Championships and helping Kenya to the team gold medal. He also led Kenya to a team victory at the IAAF World Road Relay Championships in Manaus in April.He was the fourth fastest athlete in the world that year in the steeplechase. He also began taking part in road running competitions and won the 10 km BOclassic race at the end of the year. He improved to the silver medal position at the 1999 IAAF World Cross Country Championships, finishing behind <mask> to help Kenya to a consecutive team win. He represented his country on the track at the 1999 World Championships in Athletics in Seville, where he was seventh in the men's steeplechase. He closed his track season with a fifth-place finish at the 1999 IAAF Grand Prix Final. African and World Champion
From 2000 onwards he later began concentrating on long-distance running and dropped his steeplechase speciality. He set a 10 km best of 27:40 to win the Parelloop race in Brunssum that year.He also took a third consecutive cross country medal at the 2000 IAAF World Cross Country Championships, continuing the streak of Kenya team victories with his bronze medal performance. He took road circuit wins in Europe at the Giro Podistico Internazionale di Pettinengo, winning the 9.5 km race in 27:03, and also at the Giro al Sas 10K in Trento. He ran for Kenya in the long race at the 2001 IAAF World Cross Country Championships but could not match his short course form and finished in fifth place. The greater distances also did not bring him medals at the 2001 World Championships in Athletics as he finished seventh in the 10,000 metres final. He was the winner of the 2001 Giro Media Blenio 10K race in Dongio, recording a time of 28:13.4. The 2002 marked a significant breakthrough for Kosgei in both track and road running. In May, he led the Kenyan team to victory at the 2002 IAAF World Half Marathon Championships with a time of 1:00:39.He edged out Jaouad Gharib to win the race on his first attempt at the half marathon distance. His first time success did not make him an immediate convert, however: "I have changed my focus from the steeplechase to the 10,000 metres ... Maybe in two or three years I will start to think about running the marathon". <mask> became the Kenyan champion over 10,000 m that summer, and his next test came at the 2002 Commonwealth Games in Manchester, England. He was entered into the 10,000 m race and was second behind his Kenyan compatriot Wilberforce Talel – Kosgei's finishing time of 27:45.46 was seven hundredths of a second behind Talel, who broke the Games record for the event. He went unbeaten over the distance at the 2002 African Championships in Athletics the following month, beating John Cheruiyot Korir to the continental title. As African champion, he was selected to represent the continental at the 2002 IAAF World Cup. He took the 5000 metres silver medal behind the reigning European champion Alberto García (who was banned in 2003 for taking EPO).Among Kosgei's other honours that year was a silver medal from the World Military Track and Field Championships. Road running world record
After a relatively quiet 2003, <mask> again came to the fore by setting a world record for the 25 km road distance, winning the BIG 25 Berlin race in 1:12:45 on 9 May 2004 (a record which stood until 2010 when it was beaten by <mask> at the same race). <mask> won the Berlin Half Marathon in 2006, setting a half marathon personal best of 59:07 minutes as well as bettering his marks over 15 km and 20 km along the way. He competed at the 2007 Hamburg Marathon and Amsterdam Marathon, finishing 14th and 10th, respectively. <mask> was one of four men under an hour at the Rotterdam Half Marathon in 2008 and his time of 59:37 brought him fourth place. He took three consecutive wins at the Amatrice-Configno road race from 2008 to 2010, building upon his first win in 2003. He posted a personal record of 2:09:12 hours at the 2008 Paris Marathon, where he finished eighth.He scored his first victory over the marathon distance at the Maratona d'Italia in October 2010, where he set a new course record of 2:09:00. Personal life
Kosgei is married and has two children. He is currently coached by Italian Gabriele Nicola. International competitions

References

External links

1978 births
Living people
People from Elgeyo-Marakwet County
Kenyan male long-distance runners
Kenyan male steeplechase runners
Kenyan male marathon runners
Commonwealth Games medallists in athletics
Commonwealth Games silver medallists for Kenya
Athletes (track and field) at the 2002 Commonwealth Games
World Athletics Half Marathon Championships winners
World Athletics Championships athletes for Kenya
World record setters in athletics (track and field)
Kenyan male cross country runners

masks:
Paul Malakwen Kosgei
Kosgei
Paul Tergat
Kosgei
Kosgei
Samuel Kosgei
Kosgei
Kosgei