title: Maurice Halperin

texts:
<mask> (also <mask><mask>, born <mask>) (1906–1995) was an American writer, professor, diplomat, and accused Soviet spy (NKVD code name "Hare"). Biography

<mask> was born on March 3, 1906, in Boston, Massachusetts. In 1927, he received an A.B. from Harvard College, in 1939 an MA from the University of Oklahoma, and in 1931 a doctorate from the Sorbonne. Career

Academics

In 1930, <mask> lectured at the Sorbonne while studying there. In 1935, Halperin traveled to Cuba with the League of American Writers to investigate possible human rights abuses. Sometime during this period, <mask> joined the Communist Party of the USA (CPUSA).Halperin taught at the University of Oklahoma, with summer 1941 as visiting professor at the University of Florida. Government

In late summer 1941, Halperin began working for the US federal government as a Latin American specialist. From 1941 to 1945, served as division chief (Latin America) in the Office of the Coordinator of Information, soon the Research Division of the Office of Strategic Services (OSS), and served as special assistant to Duncan Chapin Lee. During this period, he may have become an espionage agent and agreed to provide intelligence for the Joseph Stalin-era Soviet intelligence service, the NKVD. Halperin's alleged NKVD codename was "Hare." He became a member of the Golos spy network (operated by the NKVD's chief of American operations Gaik Ovakimian). With access to the OSS cable room, Halperin could secure copies of secret U.S. reports from any part of the world.Through the Golos spy network, Halperin provided Soviet intelligence with a large quantity of sensitive U.S. diplomatic dispatches, including reports from Ambassador John Gilbert Winant in London on the position of the Polish government-in-exile towards negotiations with Stalin, Turkey's foreign policy toward Romania, the State Department's instructions to the U.S. Ambassador to Spain, the U.S. embassy in Morocco's reports on that country's government, reports on the U.S. government's relationship with Vichy and Free French factions and persons in exile, reports of peace feelers from dissident Germans passed to the Vatican, U.S. attitudes towards Josip Broz Tito's Communist Front activities in Yugoslavia, and discussions between the Greek government and the United States regarding Soviet ambitions in the Balkans. Halperin also distorted OSS reports with false information in order to reflect the views of Stalin, the Soviet Union, and the Communist Party of the United States. After the OSS was dissolved in 1945, Halperin transferred to the State Department and worked as an adviser to United States Secretary of State Dean Acheson, again on Latin American affairs. Halperin was an advisor to the United Nations at the first conference in San Francisco (with Alger Hiss serving as acting secretary general). He helped establish a Hebrew language service for the UN, beamed to Palestine. In 1946 (or 1949), <mask> resigned from the State Department to take the position of chair of Latin American studies at Boston University.HUAC investigation (1948)

On July 31, 1948, ex-Soviet spy Elizabeth Bentley testified under subpoena before the House Un-American Activities Committee and related details which she first shared with the FBI in 1945. In 1945, Bentley, who had inherited the Golos network, defected from the Soviet underground and sought out the Federal Bureau of Investigation. During questioning, Bentley told FBI agents that from 1942 to 1944, Halperin at OSS had delivered "to Mary Price and later to myself mimeographed bulletins and reports prepared by OSS on a variety of topics and also supplied excerpts from State Department cables to which he evidently had access." Bentley added that "some time early in 1945 'JACK', [Soviet agent Joseph Katz] the Russian contact at that time, told me that Halperin had been accused by General William J. Donovan, the head of OSS, of being a Soviet agent..."  The next day, the FBI notified Harry S. Truman's White House that "according to a "highly confidential source," among those "employed by the government of the United States" who "have been furnishing data and information to persons outside the Federal government, who are in turn transmitting this information to espionage agents of the Soviet government," was "<mask>, Office of Strategic Services." Subsequent surveillance of Halperin disclosed that he was in contact with Nathan Gregory Silvermaster, Lauchlin Currie, Philip and Mary Jane Keeney, and others. SISS investigation (1953)

In 1953, after Soviet cables were secretly decrypted by U.S. counter-intelligence, <mask> was called before the Senate Internal Security Subcommittee to defend himself on charges of espionage, at which time he lost his teaching position at Boston University. Halperin denied the charges, but nevertheless fled to Mexico and taught at the National University of Mexico.To avoid extradition from Mexico, Halperin moved to the Soviet Union, where he studied and taught. Among the friends he made there was the British defector, Donald Maclean as well as Cuban revolutionary leader Che Guevara. Remaining years

Disenchanted with communism in the Soviet Union, Halperin accepted Guevara's invitation to come to Havana in 1962. There, he consulted to the Ministry of Trade in the Fidel Castro government for five years and taught at the University of Havana. Political tensions forced him to leave for Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. In Vancouver, he became a political science professor at Simon Fraser University, and wrote several books critical of Castro's government and the socio-political situation in Cuba. Personal life and death

Halperin married and had two surviving children.<mask> died age 88 on February 9, 1995, of a stroke at the Royal Columbia Hospital just outside Vancouver, Canada. Legacy

After <mask>'s death, the release of the Venona project decryptions of coded Soviet cables, as well as information gleaned from Soviet KGB archives, revealed that Halperin was involved in espionage activities on behalf of the Soviet Union while serving in an official capacity with the United States government. Works

Aside from an early literary study, Halperin published three books critical of Castro:
 Roman de Tristan et Iseut dans la littérature anglo-américaine au XIXe et au XXe siècles (1931)
 Rise and Decline of Fidel Castro:  An Essay in Contemporary History (1972)
 The Taming of Fidel Castro (1981)
 Return to Havana (1994)

See also

NKVD
 Elizabeth Bentley
 Silvermaster Group
 Perlo Group
 Venona project

References

External links

Alexander Vassiliev's notes from KGB Archival Records
Haynes, John E. and Klehr, Harvey, In Denial: Historians, Communism, & Espionage, Encounter Press (2003)
Haynes, John Earl & Klehr, Venona: Decoding Soviet Espionage in America, Yale University Press, 2000. .
 (ed. available via books.google)
Peake, Hayden B., OSS and the Venona Decrypts. Intelligence and National Security (Great Britain) 12, no. 3 (July 1997): 14–34. CIA Publications, The Office of Strategic Services: America's First Intelligence Agency, no date.Kirschner, Don S.,Cold War Exile: The Unclosed Case of <mask>in Columbia, MO: University of Missouri Press, 1995
Schecter, Jerrold and Leona, Sacred Secrets: How Soviet Intelligence Operations Changed American History, Potomac Press, 2002
CIA Publications, The Office of Strategic Services: America's First Intelligence Agency, no date. The Peak obituary
Warner, Michael, The Office of Strategic Services: America's First Intelligence Agency Chapter: X-2. Central Intelligence Agency Publications (2000). "Research & Analysis Latin America specialist <mask>, nevertheless passed information to Moscow." Chairman's Forward, Moynihan Commission on Government Secrecy (1997)
 Moynihan Commission on Government Secrecy, Appendix A, 7. The Cold War (1997)
 X-2
 FBI Venona FOIA, p. 53

1906 births
1995 deaths
Members of the Communist Party USA
American spies for the Soviet Union
World War II spies for the Soviet Union
American male writers
American diplomats
Latin Americanists
Boston University faculty
Simon Fraser University faculty
American people in the Venona papers
People of the Office of Strategic Services
20th-century American writers
American expatriates in Cuba
University of Oklahoma alumni
Harvard College alumni

masks:
Maurice Halperin
Maurice H
. Halperin
Maurice Hyman Halperin
Maurice Hyman Halperin
Halperin
Halperin
Halperin
Maurice Halperin
Maurice Halperin
Maurice Halperin
Halperin
Maurice Halper
Maurice Halperin


title: Aleksandr Tsekalo

type: original

texts:
<mask> (, ; born 22 March 1961 in Kyiv) is a Soviet and Russian musician, actor, radio and TV host. Founder of production company Sreda, he is active in television since 1986. <mask> is a TV host in Minute of Fame and Big Difference. Biography
<mask> was born on March 22, 1961 in Kyiv, in the family of thermal engineers <mask> (March 11, 1931 - May 2007), who was Ukrainian, and Elena Leonidovna Volkova (March 24, 1933 – 2000), who was Jewish. He learned to play the piano and the guitar and already at school tried himself in stage performance activity, creating the band "ONO". He participated in amateur performances and theatrical productions. After graduating from the Kyiv School No.89 in 1978, Tsekalo entered the correspondence department of the Leningrad Technological Institute of the Pulp and Paper Industry; at the same time he worked in Kyiv as a fitter and adjuster and also played in amateur theater. In 1979 he created the quartet "Shlyapa". Later, by the invitation of the Kyiv Variety and Circus School, along with other members of the quartet entered the second year. In 1982 he graduated externally from the Leningrad Technological Institute of the Pulp and Paper Industry, worked in the chemical laboratory, as a locksmith, later at the Kyiv stage theater as a stage installer, and as a lighting technician. After graduating from college in 1985, he began working at the Odessa Philharmonic Theater, then with his first wife Alyona Shyferman at the Odessa Variety Theater "Sharzh" from Ilya Noyabryov. In 1985, together with Lolita Milyavskaya, <mask> formed the cabaret-duet "Akademiya", and in 1989 they arrived in Moscow. The duo performed on the stage, in clubs and restaurants, and by the mid-1990s, "Akademiya" became one of the most popular actor ensembles.By his own admission, in parallel with the variety career in the 1990s he was engaged in political campaign managing, in particular, in 1991 he was engaged in the elections of the mayor of the French city, as a result of which the candidate whom Tsekalo supported won. In 1996, together with Lolita Milyavskaya began to conduct the program "Good morning, country!". After the collapse of the cabaret duet "Akademiya" in 2000, Tsekalo participated in a number of television projects, including the popular series of musical films "Old Songs on the Main" (played in the third and fourth parts, and also directed and scripted a live version of the television project), voiced the film "Private Chronicles. Monologue". In 2000, <mask> played the main role in Tigran Keosayan's film "Silver Lily of the Valley", for which he wrote and performed the song "Istoriya". In 2007, this song was performed by Filipp Kirkorov and was included in his album For You. Until February 2003 he was the executive producer of the musical Nord-Ost, and then became the general producer of the company "Russian Musical", the director of the musical "12 chairs".From September 2002 to 2005 he held the post of executive producer of entertainment programs of the department of own production of the STS channel. From 2005 to 2006 - the general producer of STS. From August 1, 2006 to June 1, 2007 - Director of the department of entertainment programs of the STS. He was fired after the conflict with the general director of the channel, Alexander Rodnyansky: the latter was dissatisfied with the fact that <mask>, as a staff member of the STS, worked as a leading music contest "Two Stars" on Channel One, while <mask> himself did not accept the financial terms proposed to him. From 2006 to 2014 and from 2017 - the presenter of the Channel One ("Two Stars", Minute of Fame, Big Difference, Prozhektorperiskhilton). From June 25, 2007 to July 30, 2008 - Deputy General Director, Director of the Directorate of Special Projects "Channel One". In 2008 he founded Sreda, which since its inception has become one of the most significant television production companies in Russia.In 2014, he made his debut as a journalist, interviewing the director of the directorate of the cinema channel "Channel One" Sergei Titinkov and the general producer of TNT Alexander Dulerain for the magazine GQ and with his sister-in-law Vera Brezhneva for the magazine Interview. <mask> appeared as the director of creative evenings of Igor Krutoy (also a screenwriter and presenter), the Kinotavr festival (также являлся сценаристом и ведущим (also the host), the Silver Galosh prize (also a host), solo concerts by Angelica Varum (also made a video for the song "Whistle Man") and Alsou (also took part in preparing Alsou for the Eurovision Song Contest, where the singer took the second place), in addition, he was the artistic director of the award ceremony of the TEFI 2006 award, as a model and participated in the avant-garde exhibition of artists Dmitry Vrubel and Victoria Timofeeva "Orgy of Humanism", in addition, he was the host of the concert version of the CTC "Leningrad Stand-Up Club", the award of the magazine "Sobaka.ru" "TOP 50. The most famous people of Petersburg" and the weddings of ballerina Anastasia Volochkova and businessman Igor Vdovin. Together with Ivan Urgant, Tsekalo owns the restaurant "The Sad" in Moscow on the Yakimanskaya Embankment, and also in late 2010, together with Alexei Bokov and Alexander Orlov, opened the restaurant "Chichibio". Selected filmography

Host
2006: Ty - supermodel
2008: Minuta slavy
2008–present: Prozhektorperiskhilton
2008-2014: Big Difference

Producer
2012: Cinderella''
2012: The Dark Side of the Moon
2014–present: Silver Spoon
2015: The Method
2017–present: Prozhektorperiskhilton
2017: Gogol. The Beginning
2017: Trotsky
2018: Gogol. Viy
2018: Gogol.Terrible Revenge
2020: The Last Minister
2020: Just Imagine Things We Know

References

External links

<mask> at the Forbes

1961 births
Living people
Musicians from Kyiv
Television presenters from Kyiv
Russian male actors
Russian radio personalities
Ukrainian radio presenters
Russian male voice actors
Soviet male singers
Russian male comedians
Actors from Kyiv
Jewish Russian actors
20th-century Russian male singers

masks:
Aleksandr Yevgenyevich Tsekalo
Tsekalo
Aleksandr Tsekalo
Yevgeny Borisovich Tsekalo
Tsekalo
Alexander Tsekalo
Tsekalo
Tsekalo
Tsekalo
Alexander Tsekalo


title: Wei Qing

texts:
<mask> (died 106 BC), courtesy name Zhongqing, born <mask> in Linfen, Shanxi, was a Chinese military general and politician of the Western Han dynasty who was acclaimed for his campaigns against the Xiongnu, and his rags to riches life. He was a consort kin of Emperor Wu of Han as the younger half-brother of Emperor Wu's wife Empress <mask>u, and later the third husband of Emperor Wu's older sister Eldest Princess Yangxin. He was also the maternal uncle of Huo Qubing, another decorated Han general who participated in the war against the Xiongnu. Early life
<mask> was born from humble means as a bastard child from a serf family. His father Zheng Ji (鄭季) was a low-level official for Pingyang County (平陽縣, in modern Linfen, Shanxi) and was commissioned to serve at the estate of Cao Shou (曹壽), the Marquess of Pingyang (平陽侯), and his wife Princess Pingyang (平陽公主, Emperor Wu's older sister). There, Zheng met and had an extramarital affair with a lowly female servant known as <mask> (衛媪, literally means "the Wei woman"), and their relationship produced a son named <mask>. The child was initially sent to live in his father's household as his serf mother (who was already raising four other children) could not afford to raise him in poverty, but due to the illegitimacy of his birth, the young boy was detested and mistreated by his father and step-family, and was made to live as a lowly sheepherder.Unable to tolerate the abuse, <mask> eventually ran away back to his mother's side during his early teenage years, and served as a stableboy in the marquess's estate of Pingyang. He then severed his paternal bond by adopting the surname "<mask>" of his mother's family. Early career

Legend says that <mask> once followed his master on a visit to Ganquan Palace (甘泉宮) and encountered a cangued prisoner, who foretold that it would be <mask>'s fate to achieve nobility and marquisate, a prediction <mask> offered the singer <mask>u to Emperor Wu as a concubine c. 139 BC, <mask> followed as an accompanying gift and served as a horseman at Jianzhang Camp (建章營, Emperor Wu's Royal Guards). However, as his sister gained the Emperor's love and fell pregnant, near-disaster would befall <mask>. The powerful Grand Princess Guantao (館陶長公主) Liu Piao (劉嫖), the mother of Empress Chen Jiao, angry that <mask> had siphoned off the imperial favor from her daughter, kidnapped <mask> and wanted to kill him privately as retaliation. However, <mask> was rescued at the last moment by his friends, a group of fellow palace guards led by Gongsun Ao (公孫敖).In response to the incident and as a sign of annoyance towards Empress Chen and her mother, Emperor Wu appointed <mask> the triple role of Chief of Jianzhang Camp (建章監, equivalent to a chief security officer), Chief of Staff (侍中) and Chief Councillor (太中大夫), effectively making him one of Emperor Wu's closest lieutenants. He also publicly made <mask>ifu a consort (夫人, a concubine position lower only to the Empress), and rewarded other members of her family. This marked the beginning of the rise of one of the most influential clan in the political history of Western Han – the <mask>o family. Great wealth would not be all <mask> would have. Emperor Wu saw qualities in him – brilliant horsemanship, archery, bravery, outstanding tactical intuition as well as excellent leadership skills. Over the next several years, <mask> would be entrusted as Emperor Wu's most loyal consul, as his sister also monopolized the Emperor's love for the next decade. Military campaigns

In 129 BC, Xiongnu attacked the Shanggu Commandery (上谷郡, roughly modern-day Zhangjiakou, Hebei).Emperor Wu promoted <mask> as the General of Chariots and Cavalry (車騎將軍) and dispatched him with Gongsun Ao, Gongsun He (公孫賀), and Li Guang in four separate columns against Xiongnu, each leading 10,000 cavalry. Li Guang (the most seasoned commander out of the four) and Gongsun Ao suffered major losses at the Xiongnus' hand, while Gongsun He failed to encounter and engage any enemy. <mask>, the least experienced out of the four, distinguished himself with a successful long-distance raid of the Xiongnu's holy site Longcheng (龍城), killing over 700 Xiongnu soldiers in the process. As a reward for the victory (the first proper victory against Xiongnu in Han history), <mask> was promoted to a higher command and created an acting Marquess of Guannei (關內侯), with a march of several hundred households. In 128 BC, Consort <mask>ifu gave birth to Emperor Wu's first son, Liu Ju, and was created Empress very soon after. Later that year, <mask>, who was now officially a trusted member of Emperor's extended family, led 30,000 cavalry from Shanwu (near present-day Youyuxian, Shanxi) in Yanmen Commandery, killing thousands of Xiongnu soldiers. In 127 BC, <mask> led a 40,000-strong cavalry from Yunzhong Commandery (雲中郡, modern-day Togtoh County, Inner Mongolia), then maneuver to Gaoque (高闕, modern-day Urad Rear Banner) to Longxi region (modern-day Gansu), and totally outflanking and surrounding the forces of Xiongnu's Princes of Loufan (樓煩王) and Baiyang (白羊王), killing 2,300 and capturing 3,017 Xiongnu soldiers as well as over a million cattle.According to record from Shiji and Hanshu, the battle was so swift and one-sided that the Han forces "returned with all warriors intact" (全甲兵而還), implying a near-zero casualty rate. This earned <mask> a further promotion to the Marquess of Changping (長平侯), with a march of 3,800 households. His subordinates Su Jian (蘇建, father of the great Han patriot Su Wu) and Zhang Cigong (張次公) were also created marquesses. The Han recapture of this territory forced the two Xiongnu tribes to withdraw from the fertile Hetao region (the Ordos steppe), and dealt devastating blow to their economy. The city of Shuofang (朔方城) was built, and later became a key stronghold for offensive and defensive campaigns against Xiongnu. In 124 BC, <mask> Qing would be the vital part of the greatest Han victory over Xiongnu to date. When Xiongnu's Right Worthy Prince (右賢王) made harassing raids against outskirts of Shuofang, <mask> launched a crushing long-distance night assault from Gaoque with 30,000 cavalrymen, completely surprising and surrounding the Worthy Prince's main camp.Not only did the Han forces send the Worthy Prince running for his life from his drunken slumber (with only his own concubine following), they also took about 15,000 captives, among them a dozen Xiongnu nobles, and millions of cattle. For this victory, <mask> was made the "Grand General" (大將軍) of All Armed Forces, and his march was enlarged by 8,700 households. His three young sons <mask> (衛伉), <mask> (衛不疑), and <mask> (衛登) were also made marquesses (an offer later refused by <mask>), as well as seven generals under his command. In 123 BC, <mask> set off from Dingxiang (定襄) and returned with several thousand enemy kills. A month later, <mask> again launched from Dingxiang, but would fight a relatively inconclusive battle. Although he was able to kill/capture more than 10,000 Xiongnu soldiers, part of his vanguard forces, a 3,000-strong regiment commanded by generals Su Jian and Zhao Xin (a surrendered Xiongnu prince), encountered a Xiongnu force led by Chanyu Yizhixie (伊稚斜單于), and was outnumbered and annihilated. Zhao Xin defected on the field with his 800 ethnic Xiongnu subordinates, while Su Jian escaped after losing all his men in the desperate fighting.Showing compassion on Su Jian, <mask> spared him even though some advocates advised him to execute Su on the spot after court martial to enforce his commanding authority. Due to the loss of Su's detachment, <mask> troops did not earn any promotion, even though they scored more gains than losses. At this campaign, his nephew Huo Qubing distinguished himself in battle and was given his own command. The Battle of Mobei

After Huo Qubing's successful campaigns in the Hexi Corridor, Xiongnu strategically retreated to north of the Gobi Desert, as the barren lands would serve as a natural barrier that was very difficult to overcome for the Han forces. However, in 119 BC, Emperor Wu decided to defy the odds and launched a massive expeditionary campaign across the desert. In this engagement, Emperor Wu broke the normal pattern of reaction against Xiongnu attacks by making a major excursion against Xiongnu's headquarters in the north of the Gobi Desert. This is known to history as the Mobei Campaign ("campaign of the desert's north").<mask> and Huo Qubing were in command of the two main corps, each with 50,000 cavalrymen and 100,000 infantrymen/charioteers. Under <mask>'s command were four other generals, namely Gongsun He, Zhao Yiji (趙食其), Cao Xiang (曹襄) and an elderly but very enthusiastic Li Guang. Contrary to the arrangements promised to Li Guang by Emperor Wu (where he would command the vanguard), Emperor Wu secretly told <mask> not to assign Li Guang to crucial missions due to Li's infamous history of "bad lucks". <mask>, after the army had already departed, merged Li Guang's forces with Zhao Yiji's and ordered them to take an eastern flanking route through a barren region. According to the historian Sima Qian, <mask> had done this to give his old friend Gongsun Ao, who had recently been stripped of his title, a chance to win a major battle and be re-promoted. However, sending Generals of Front (前將軍, namely Li Guang) and Right (右將軍, namely Zhao Yiji) on flanking maneuvers was one of <mask>'s typical tactical arrangements. This was evidenced by his previous deployment of Zhao Xin and Su Jian, who were Generals of Front and Right respectively, during the less successful 123 BC campaign.After crossing the desert, <mask>'s army unexpectedly encountered Chanyu Yizhixie's main forces, who was waiting in anticipation of ambushing the Han army. Despite being significantly outnumbered as well as fatigued after the long journey, <mask> was able to counter Xiongnu's cavalry charge with archery defense created by heavy-armored chariots arranged in ring formations, which was reinforced with cavalry counteroffensives. (This defense would be evaluated as one of the most effective against cavalry by many later Chinese tacticians, including Yue Fei.) The Han forces successfully enforced a stalemate that lasted until dusk, when a sandstorm descended upon the battlefield. Seizing the moment of poor visibility provided by the dust, <mask> broke the stalemate and launched bilateral flanking attacks with his cavalries. Already exhausted after a day of unsuccessful attacks against Han positions, the sudden sight of incoming Han soldiers in the darkness further broke the Xiongnu's morale, routing them. This decisive pincer attack shattered the Chanyu's line, nearly capturing him and completely overrunning his forces, killing over 10,000 Xiongnu soldiers in the process.The Han army pursued all the way to the modern Ulan Bator region, destroying the Xiongnu stronghold Zhao Xin Castle (趙信城) before returning in triumph with a total of about 19,000 enemy kills. Chanyu Yizhixie was forced to escape with very few men, lost communication with his tribe for days, and did not return until his clan presumed his death and installed a new Chanyu. This was a narrow but critically significant victory for the Han empire. Xiongnu was greatly weakened to the point that they would huddle up into the barren northern Gobi desert (leading to decline of their population), and unable to raid south for the next decade. The next major Xiongnu invasion did not occur until after the Han dynasty collapsed, some 400 years later during the Jin Dynasty. Li Gan incident
While <mask>'s main force was engaging Yizhixie Chanyu, the flanking division led by Li Guang and Zhao Yiji got lost in the desert and failed to reach the battlefield in time, despite meeting little Xiongnu resistance. They only rendezvous with <mask>'s troops after the latter already returned from Zhao Xin Castle.Both men were later summoned for court martial to explain the failure to accomplish orders and thus jeopardize the whole campaign. Feeling humiliated over the charges against him and frustrated over missing his final chance at martial glory, Li Guang committed honor suicide rather than to face the court. Many people, including the historian Sima Qian, thus blamed <mask> for causing Li Guang's death. Li's youngest son Li Gan (李敢), who was a subordinate of Huo Qubing at the time, later went to <mask>'s home and assaulted him. Although <mask> decided to cool the heat and mercifully let the matter slide, Huo Qubing was greatly angered that his subordinate had the temerity to insult his uncle. He personally shot dead Li Gan during a hunting trip. Late career and death

After the 119 BC campaign, <mask> would see little combat action himself, largely remaining in the capital Chang'an to advise on military and sometimes political matters as the dual-role of Chief Defense Minister/Generalissimo (大司馬大將軍).He also assisted his nephew, Crown prince-regent Liu Ju, when Emperor Wu was away on official tours. Despite his great honor and power, <mask> remained humble in many ways. Because of the great favor Emperor Wu showed him, all of the other officials at court flattered him, except for Ji An (汲黯), who treated him as an equal. <mask> was impressed by Ji's integrity in face of pressure and respected Ji greatly, often requesting Ji's opinion on important matters. Throughout his career, he refused to hire scholars to praise him and create favorable public opinions, and tried to maintain a relatively low profile. Despite his humble way of life, <mask>'s status in the Han army made him a distinguished figure in the country, attracting admiration, jealousy and hostility alike. Emperor Wu's uncle, the Prince of Huainan Liu An, who had been conspiring a military coup for a long time, saw <mask> as his prime political obstacle that must be removed.<mask> died in 106 BC and was buried in a large tomb built to the model of Mount Lu (盧山, a mountain previously in Xiongnu-occupied territory). The tomb was connected to that of his nephew Huo Qubing, who had died in 117 BC, and the future tomb for Emperor Wu. <mask> would not live to see the destruction of his clan – nobody survived except his youngest son <mask> (衛登) and his great grandnephew Liu Bingyi, as well as the tragic fate of his sister Empress <mask> and nephew Liu Ju, during the political turmoil in 91 BC. Chapters 4–6. AuthorHouse (2009)

106 BC deaths
Year of birth unknown
Han dynasty generals from Shanxi
Han dynasty politicians from Shanxi
Politicians from Linfen

masks:
Wei Qing
Zheng Qing
Wei Zif
Wei Qing
Wei Ao
Zheng Qing
Zheng Qing
Wei
Wei Qing
Wei Qing
Wei Qingyang
Wei Zif
Wei Qing
Wei Qing
Wei Zifu
Wei Qing
Wei
Wei Qing
Wei Z
Wei Hu
Wei Qing
Wei Qing
Wei Qing
Wei Qing
Wei Qing
Wei Z
Wei Qing
Wei Qing
Wei Qing
Wei
Wei Qing
Wei Qing
Wei Kang
Wei Buyi
Wei Deng
Wei Qing
Wei Qing
Wei Qing
Wei Qing
Wei Qing
Wei Qing
Wei Qing
Wei Qing
Wei Qing
Wei Qing
Wei Qing
Wei Qing
Wei Qing
Wei Qing
Wei Qing
Wei Qing
Wei Qing
Wei Qing
Wei Qing
Wei Qing
Wei Qing
Wei
Wei
Wei Qing
Wei Qing
Wei Qing
Wei Deng
Wei


title: Henry Bell Gilkeson

texts:
<mask> (June 6, 1850 – September 29, 1921) was an American lawyer, politician, school administrator, and banker in West Virginia. Gilkeson was born in Moorefield, Virginia (now West Virginia), the eldest child of a dry goods merchant, and was raised in Romney. Following his graduation from Hampden–Sydney College, Gilkeson became a schoolteacher and served as superintendent of the Hampshire County Schools district from 1877 to 1879. Gilkeson later studied law and started a law practice in Romney. Following the death of John Collins Covell in 1887, Gilkeson served as the principal of the West Virginia Schools for the Deaf and Blind until 1888. Gilkeson served in the West Virginia Legislature as a state senator representing the 12th District in the West Virginia Senate (1890–93) and as a member of the West Virginia House of Delegates (1883–85 and 1909–11). Gilkeson served as the mayor of Romney beginning in 1885, and the first president of the Bank of Romney (1888–1913).Early life and education
<mask> <mask> was born in Moorefield, Virginia (now West Virginia) on June 6, 1850. He was the eldest child of Robert B<mask> and his wife, Sarah E<mask>, both of Scottish ancestry. His father was a prominent dry goods merchant in Romney, where <mask> and his brother, Edward, were raised. <mask> graduated from Hampden–Sydney College in Hampden Sydney, Virginia, in 1872. While a student, he was inducted as a member of the Beta Theta Pi fraternity. Gilkeson completed a special course in engineering at Yale University. He also received further education in Germany.Academic career
Following his graduation from Hampden–Sydney College, Gilkeson became a schoolteacher and later served as superintendent of the Hampshire County Schools district from 1877 to 1879. Before 1886, <mask> was elected a member of the Romney Literary Society together with his brother. West Virginia Schools for the Deaf and Blind
From 1876 to 1888, Gilkeson served as a member and secretary of the fourth, fifth, and sixth Board of Regents of the West Virginia Schools for the Deaf and Blind, a position that enabled him to become familiar with the school's efforts to educate its deaf and blind students. In 1887, upon the death of the schools' principal, John Collins Covell, Gilkeson was selected by the Board of Regents to serve as principal of the institution. The Board of Regents had reservations about selecting an immediate successor to Covell and requested that Gilkeson fill the position temporarily until the board could find a permanent replacement. Gilkeson left his lucrative law practice and accepted the position under the condition that he serve as interim principal while the Board of Regents sought a more suitable candidate to build upon Covell's initiatives and reforms. Gilkeson believed that only administrators and educators fluent in sign language should be appointed to serve in the School for the Deaf, and during his tenure as principal he found that personnel who relied on interpreters did not receive "satisfactory results".After he had spent a few weeks as acting principal, the Board of Regents reconvened and appointed him to stay on permanently. During his tenure, the position of principal included the roles of clerk, bookkeeper, steward, and final arbiter of matters in the classroom. While Gilkeson lacked special training for the position, his business experience allowed him to run the schools in an economically efficient manner, which pleased the schools' Board of Regents. In the summer of 1888, <mask> was delegated by the Board to Regents to attend the Conference of Superintendents and Principals of American Schools for the Deaf in New York City and select the most fitting candidate present at the conference or recommended someone to replace him as principal of the West Virginia Schools for the Deaf and Blind. Gilkeson tendered an offer to C. H. Hill, then an instructor at the Maryland School for the Deaf, and upon Gilkeson's return to Romney he recommended Hill and resigned from his post as principal. Hill was subsequently appointed by the Board to fill the position. While the Board of Regents was pleased with Gilkeson's performance as principal and wished for him to stay on in the position, but he preferred to return to his professional law and political career in the end.Gilkeson resumed the practice of law and pursued a political career, but he continued his involvement with, and advocacy for, the West Virginia Schools for the Deaf and Blind, especially through his influence as a prominent lawyer and state legislator. Gilkeson used his position as a state legislator to condemn and hold accountable the officials responsible for the mismanagement of the West Virginia Schools for the Deaf and Blind, and often interceded on the schools' behalf following Hill's retirement due to political reasons. Gilkeson was displeased with the state's political interference in the schools, and the "multiplication" of positions within the institution that were filled with personnel who had political or business ties but lacked prior knowledge or experience with deaf and blind education. Law and political careers

Following his tenure as superintendent of Hampshire County Schools, Gilkeson undertook the study of law and started a law practice in Romney; he subsequently became a prominent lawyer in the community. His law office was located on Main Street in Romney, two blocks from the West Virginia Schools for the Deaf and Blind. Due to his preeminence in the legal field and high standing in the community, Gilkeson served as dean of the Hampshire County Bar Association. Gilkeson was twice elected to represent Hampshire County as a member of the West Virginia House of Delegates for the 1883–85 and 1909–11 legislative sessions.As the leadership of the House of Delegates was being determined at the 1884 Democratic Party State Convention in Wheeling, <mask> was a leading contender for a speaker candidacy, but fellow Romney native Robert White was selected as the party's candidate instead. On August 13, 1890, the Twelfth Senatorial District Democratic Convention nominated <mask> to fill the vacant West Virginia State Senate seat of Samuel Lightfoot Flournoy. <mask> was elected to fill the seat during the general election of 1890 and served the remainder of Flournoy's senate term until 1893. At the time of his appointment, the Twelfth Senatorial District consisted of Grant, Hampshire, Hardy, Mineral, and Pendleton counties. In 1892, <mask> was appointed to the Committees on the Judiciary, Public Buildings and Humane Institutions, Federal Relations, Forfeited, Delinquent, and Unappropriated Lands, and Clerks Office. In addition to serving in the state senate, <mask> also held the position of mayor of Romney, West Virginia, beginning in 1885. Banking and business career

<mask> served on the board of directors as the first president of the Bank of Romney after it was granted its charter by the West Virginia Legislature on September 3, 1888, and was opened later on December 20, 1888.During <mask>'s tenure as president, the Bank of Romney occupied two rooms on the ground floor of the Wirgman Building, where the city's previous bank, the Bank of the Valley of Virginia, was located prior to the American Civil War. <mask> served as the president of the Bank of Romney until his retirement in 1913, when he was succeeded by John J. Cornwell, 15th Governor of West Virginia. In November 1906, <mask>, R. W. Dailey, Jr., P. J. Ruckman, and Joshua Soule Zimmerman were incorporators of the Mill Mountain Orchard Company, which operated orchards along the top of Mill Creek Mountain west of Romney. Later life and death
<mask> resided in Romney for the majority of his life and was involved in most of the community's organizations as either a leader, officer, or stockholder. Gilkeson's son <mask> <mask>, Jr., died on November 16, 1901, from injuries sustained by falling against a piece of sharp iron, which penetrated his stomach. Gilkeson's wife, Mary Katherine, predeceased him in February 1910 following the effects of a surgical procedure she had undergone in Cumberland, Maryland. In his later years, Gilkeson suffered from allergic rhinitis and experienced a "physical breakdown" following the death of his son, Robert William <mask>, on October 2, 1918, during the Meuse-Argonne Offensive of World War I and shortly before the Armistice with Germany.Robert William <mask> was a second lieutenant in Company C of the 316 Engineers, and was interred in the Meuse-Argonne American Cemetery and Memorial near Romagne-sous-Montfaucon. Robert William <mask> was a 1907 graduate of his father's alma mater, Hampden–Sydney College. On account of his increasingly failing health, Gilkeson spent the summer of 1921 in Mountain Lake Park, Maryland, to recuperate. About a week before his death, <mask> fell down a flight of porch steps at his vacation residence, fracturing a number of bones. He died on September 29, 1921, in Mountain Lake Park, and his funeral was held on the anniversary of his son's death on October 2, 1921. <mask> is interred with his wife Mary Katherine and son <mask>, Jr., at Indian Mound Cemetery in Romney, West Virginia. In recounting <mask>'s achievements to the Conference of Superintendents and Principals of American Schools for the Deaf following his death, West Virginia Schools for the Deaf and Blind instructor Charles D. Seaton said of Gilkeson:

In 1980, <mask>'s son-in-law George Sloan Arnold bequeathed the $1.5-million George S. Arnold Trust to Hampden–Sydney College, his shared alma mater with his father-in-law and brother-in-law Robert William <mask>.At the time, it was the largest amount given by a living person and the institution's second-largest gift in its 204-year history. Arnold gave the trust in honor of the <mask> family. Religious activities
Gilkeson was active in the Presbyterian Church in Hampshire County and served as a trustee for the Presbytery of Winchester along with Samuel Lightfoot Flournoy. In 1881, <mask> and his fellow trustees were instrumental in securing from Amos L. and Allie G. Pugh a house and a large, partially wooded land lot in Capon Bridge for use by the Presbytery as a centrally located manse in Hampshire County. <mask> remained a trustee of the Presbytery from 1876 until his death in 1921. He was also a commissioner of the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in the United States representing the Presbytery of Winchester, and attended the assembly's meeting in Jackson, Mississippi, May 15–25, 1902. Marriage and family
<mask> was married on November 19, 1884, to Mary Katherine Paxton (1853–1910), daughter of Jordan J. and E. J. Paxton of Iron Gate, Virginia.Their wedding ceremony was officiated by Reverend George W. Finley of Romney at the residence of Mary Ann Lipscomb at 1537 I Street, N.W. in Washington, D.C. Mary Katherine had been employed as a teacher under Lipscomb at Waverly Seminary. Following the ceremony, <mask> and his wife embarked upon a tour of the Northern United States. <mask> and his wife Mary Katherine had three children together:
 Laura Paxton <mask> Arnold (August 18, 1885 – 1973), married Romney lawyer George Sloan Arnold (1885–1986)
 Robert William <mask> (July 25, 1887 – October 2, 1918)
 <mask> <mask>, Jr. (February 8, 1890 – November 16, 1901)

References

Bibliography

External links

1850 births
1921 deaths
19th-century American businesspeople
19th-century American educators
19th-century American lawyers
19th-century American politicians
19th-century Presbyterians
20th-century American businesspeople
20th-century American lawyers
20th-century American politicians
20th-century Presbyterians
American bank presidents
American school principals
American school superintendents
Beta Theta Pi
Burials at Indian Mound Cemetery
Businesspeople from West Virginia
Education in Hampshire County, West Virginia
Hampden–Sydney College alumni
Mayors of places in West Virginia
Members of the Romney Literary Society
Members of the West Virginia House of Delegates
People from Moorefield, West Virginia
People from Romney, West Virginia
People of the West Virginia Schools for the Deaf and Blind
Presbyterian Church in the United States members
Presbyterians from West Virginia
Schoolteachers from West Virginia
West Virginia Democrats
West Virginia lawyers
West Virginia state senators

masks:
Henry Bell Gilkeson
Henry Bell
Gilkeson
. Gilkeson
. Gilkeson
Henry
Gilkeson
Gilkeson
Gilkeson
Gilkeson
Gilkeson
Gilkeson
Gilkeson
Gilkeson
Gilkeson
Gilkeson
Gilkeson
Gilkeson
Gilkeson
Henry Bell
Gilkeson
Gilkeson
Gilkeson
Gilkeson
Gilkeson
Gilkeson
Henry
Gilkeson
Gilkeson
Gilkeson
Gilkeson
Gilkeson
Gilkeson
Gilkeson
Gilkeson
Gilkeson
Gilkeson
Gilkeson
Henry Bell
Gilkeson


title: Marion Hall

texts:
<mask> (born 12 July 1969; formerly known by the stage name Lady Saw) is a Jamaican singer and songwriter whose career has spanned over two decades. Formerly known as the Queen of Dancehall, she is the first female deejay to be certified as a triple-platinum and Grammy Award-winning artist. Early life
<mask> was born in Galina, Saint Mary, Jamaica. As a child, she attended Galina Primary School. During her teen years, she had a sewing job at The Free Zone in Kingston, Jamaica. At the age of fifteen, she began performing with local sound systems. She went on to work with the Stereo One system in Kingston.Career

1987–1995: Lover Girl
In 1987, <mask> took the name "Lady Saw" after the famous Jamaican singer Tenor Saw, who inspired her music. Her performances brought her to the attention of record producers and she recorded her first single for producer Piper, and "Love Me or Lef Me", produced by Olive Shaw received significant airplay. She had her first hit with "If Him Lef" and she topped the Jamaican charts with "Find a Good Man". After her music success on Jamaican radio, she began recording her first studio album. In August 1994, Saw released her first album entitled Lover Girl. The album spawned the hit "Stab Up De Meat". 1996–1997: Give Me the Reason and Passion
In 1996, Saw released her second album Give Me the Reason.The album became known for its explicit sexual lyrics which was showcased on songs "Life Without Dick" and "Name Nuh Stand Fi Sex". The album spawned the singles "Give Me the Reason", "Good Wuk", and "Condom". In June 1997, Saw released Passion. The album charted at number 8 on Billboard's Top Reggae Albums chart, becoming her first album to chart. The album spawned the singles: "Healing" and "Sycamore Tree". 1998–2003: 99 Ways
In February 1998, Saw released her first greatest hits album entitled Raw, the Best of Lady Saw. In December 1998, Saw released her fourth album 99 Ways, which charted at number 10 on Billboard's Top Reggae Albums chart.In 1999 she had a major hit in the United States with "Smile", recorded with Vitamin C, which peaked at number 18 on the Billboard Hot 100, also a major hit in New Zealand and Canada, and certified gold with over 500,000 sales. In 2002, her collaboration with No Doubt, "Underneath It All", which reached number three in the US and sold more than three million copies, reaching triple platinum certification. The track won a Grammy Award for 'Best Performance by a Duo or Group'. 2004–2007: Strip Tease and Walk Out
In August 2004, Lady Saw released her fifth album Strip Tease. The album charted at number 84 on Billboard's Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart and number 14 Billboard's Top Reggae Albums chart. The lead single "I've Got Your Man" garnered much worldwide success and charted at number 58 on Billboard's Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs. The album also spawn the singles: "Man is the Least", "Move Your Body", and "Loser".In 2006, she was featured on the Steven Seagal song Strut, which she also co-wrote. It has achieved internet fame under the incorrect name Me Want The Punani, a repeated lyric from the song. In March 2007, Saw released the single "No Less Than a Woman (Infertility)". The song addressed the many problems that women have involving infertility. In April 2007, Saw released her sixth album Walk Out, which peaked at number 8 on the Top Reggae Albums chart. Saw released two more singles: "Chat to Mi Back" and "Me and My Crew (The Rae)". Later that year, she performed on the main stage at Jamaica's annual Reggae Sumfest.2009–2015: My Way and Alter Ego
In 2009, Saw released her second greatest hits album entitled Extra Raw: The First Lady of Dancehall. She launched her own record label, Divas Records, in January 2010. In August 2010, Saw released the lead single "Party Till December" from her forthcoming album. In December 2010, she released My Way, which failed to chart. In the same year, Lady Saw was also featured along with Nicki Minaj on rapper Trina's song "Dang A Lang" from her album Amazin'. In May 2011, she released a single "When Mi Left a Man". In 2012, she released an extended play entitled "Two Man".In October 2012, Saw released a single "Heels On". In November 2012 she announced that she was turning her back on dancehall and would be concentrating on Gospel music in the future. In August 2013, Saw released a single "Nuh Tek Mi Man". In 2014, she released her album Alter Ego, which features guest appearances from Beres Hammond, Flo Rida, and Ali Campbell. The album charted at number 6 on the Top Reggae Albums chart. In the same year, she established The Lady Saw Foundation; which aims to help abused and needy women. In March 2015, she released a single "Scammer".In May 2015, Saw released the single "Incline Thine Ears". In June 2015, she released a two singles "Last Night" and "The Devil Have a Way". In August 2015, Saw released a single "The Day Will Never Come". In September 2015, she released the single "Likkle Bit". In November 2015, Singing Melody released the single "Beneath Your Beautiful", which featured Lady Saw. On 6 November 2015, she released her second extended play entitled, Lady Saw: Special Edition. In December 2015, she released a single "Lay On Your Body".2016–present: Conversion to Christianity and retirement from Dancehall music
On 15 December 2015, Saw underwent a Christian baptism. She later stated she will no longer identify herself as "Lady Saw", but instead as Minister <mask> or simply <mask>. She also stated that she will not perform dancehall music, but instead she will begin a new music career in gospel music. She has released a few gospel songs; "Jesus In The End", "Cup of Blessings", "God Almighty", and "Heaven" which appear on several mixtapes. In July 2016, she released her first gospel album When God Speaks. In June 2018, <mask> released the lead single "I'm Gonna Fast" from her album "His Grace". The album was released on 20 July 2018.In April 2020, <mask> stated that she believed she was denied a United States O-1 visa because she no longer identified as "Lady Saw". Style
Lady Saw became known for slack performance style. The style also prompted her to record "What is Slackness? "; a song in which she defines 'slackness' in many ways. Slackness often refers to vulgarity in Jamaican culture, behavior and the music. It always sums up the explicit sexual lyrics used in reggae and dancehall music. Because of this, several of her performances were banned in some parts of Jamaica, though equally lewd male performances were not.The double standard inspired her to record the song "Freedom of Speech" in protest. She also became known for her "conscious" lyrics. She recorded "Condom"; warning girls of the dangers of unprotected heterosexual sex. Discography

 Lover Girl (1994)
 Give Me the Reason (1996)
 Passion (1997)
 99 Ways (1998)
 Strip Tease (2004)
 Walk Out (2007)
 My Way (2010)
 Alter Ego (2014)
 When God Speaks (2016)
 His Grace (2018)

References

External links

1969 births
Living people
People from Saint Mary Parish, Jamaica
Jamaican dancehall musicians
Reggae fusion artists
Jamaican reggae musicians
Jamaican singer-songwriters

masks:
Marion Hall
Hall
Hall
Marion Hall
Marion Hall
Hall
Hall


title: Mohan Choti

texts:
<mask> (1935 – 1 February 1992) was an Indian film actor who worked as a comedian in Hindi films. The name <mask> came from a fictional character of the same name from the 1957 film Musafir, in which he plays a tea shop delivery boy who sports a "choti" or traditional lock of hair on the top of his head. Biography
<mask> was born as <mask> to Constable Atmaram Rakshakar in 1933 at Amravati, Amravati District Maharashtra. He produced and directed two films — "Dhoti Lota Aur Chowpatty" and "Hunterwali 77". He also opened a restaurant which was called "Sawal roti ka; Dhaba choti ka". He also started Atta distribution unit called "Choti Walla Atta". He died on 1 February 1992 at the age of 57.Filmography
<mask> acted in nearly 280 films from 1954 to 1994. 203
 1972 Tangewala
 1972 Shehzada
 1972 Anokhi Pehchan
 1972 Achha Bura
 1972 Raaste Kaa Patthar
 1972 Double Cross
 1972 Parchhaiyan
 1972 Do Chor
 1972 Bees Saal Pehle
 1972 Ek Khiladi Bawan Pattey
 1972 Amar Prem
 1971 Mera Gaon Mera Desh
 1971 Aisa Bhi Hota Hai
 1971 Amar Prem
 1971 Albela
 1971 Haseenon Ka Devata
 1971 Pyar Ki Kahani
 1971 Ek Nari Ek Brahmachari
 1971 Lakhon Me Ek
 1971 Preet Ki Dori
 1971 Sansar
 1971 Ek Din Aadhi Raat
 1971 Maata Vaishno Devi
 1970 Yaadgaar
 1970 Bhai-Bhai
 1970 Kab? Kyoon? Aur Kahan? 1970 Sharafat
 1970 Gunah Aur Kanoon
 1970 Pagla Kahin Ka
 1970 Truck Driver
 1970 Tum Haseen Main Jawan
 1970 Raate Ke Andhere Mein
 1969 Anjaana
 1969 Ek Shriman Ek Shrimati
 1969 Patthar Ke Khwab
 1969 Do Raaste
 1969 Anjan Hai Koyee
 1969 Chanda Aur Bijli
 1969 Tumse Achha Kaun Hai
 1969 Jiyo Aur Jeene Do
 1969 Sapna
 1968 Kahin Din Kahin Raat
 1968 Raja Aur Runk
 1968 Abhilasha
 1968 Aadmi
 1968 Brahmachari
 1968 Jung Aur Aman
 1968 Aanchal Ke Phool
 1968 Lutera Aur Jadugar
 1967 Upkar as Mangal
 1967 Aurat
 1967 Farz
 1967 Aag
 1967 Raat Andheri Thi
 1966 Love in Tokyo
 1966 Sawan Ki Ghata
 1966 Aakhri Khat
 1966 Do Badan
 1966 Daadi Maa
 1966 Dada
 1966 Lal Bangla
 1966 Shankar Khan
 1965 Bhoot Bungla
 1965 Khandaan
 1965 Shreeman Funtoosh
 1965 Rustom-E-Hind
 1965 Ek Saal Pehle
 1965 Bekhabar
 1965 Jahan Sati Wahan Bhagwan
 1965 Gopal - Krishna
 1964 Mr. X in Bombay
 1964 Mera Qasoor Kya Hai
 1964 Ziddi
 1964 Woh Kaun Thi? 1964 Sati Savitri
 1964 Samson
 1964 Pooja Ke Phool
 1964 Mama Ji (1964) Punjabi Movie
 1964 Daal Me Kala-Hajjam
 1964 Darasingh: Ironman
 1964 Ek Din Ka Badshah
 1964 Shabnam
 1964 Tarzan Aur Jalpari
 1964 Maain Bhi Ladki Hun
 1963 Bluff Master
 1963 Taj Mahal
 1963 Jab Se Tumhe Dekha Hai
 1963 Mujhe Jeene Do
 1963 Been Ka Jadoo
 1962 Man-Mauji
 1962 Main Chup Rahungi
 1962 Burmah Road
 1962 Jhoola
 1962 Apna Banake Dekho
 1962 Shaadi
 1962 Anpadh
 1962 Rakhi
 1962 Raaz Ki Baat
 1962 Private Secretary
 1962 Dil Tera Diwana
 1962 Pyar Ki Jeet
 1961 Chhaya
 1961 Umar Qaid
 1961 Pyaar Ka Saagar
 1961 Boy Friend
 1961 Guddi as Batura (1961) Punjabi Movie
 1961 Pyaar Ki Dastaan
 1960 Ek Phool Char Kaante
 1960 Dil Bhi Tera Hum Bhi Tere
 1960 Patang
 1959 Barkha
 1959 Kaagaz Ke Phool
 1959 Duniya Na Mane
 1959 Nai Raahen
 1959 Dhool Ka Phool
 1959 C.I.D. Girl
 1958 Chalti Ka Naam Gaadi
 1957 Hum Panchhi Ek Daal Ke
 1957 Ab Dilli Door Nahin
 1957 Musafir
 1957 Ek Gaon Ki Kahani
 1956 Parivar
 1955 Devdas
 1954 Jagriti

References

External links

1939 births
1992 deaths
Male actors in Hindi cinema
Place of birth missing
20th-century Indian male actors

masks:
Mohan Choti
Mohan Choti
Mohan Choti
Mohan Rakshakar
Mohan Choti


title: Dani Harmer

texts:
<mask> (Born 8 February 1989) is an English actress, television personality, acting coach, and former singer. She is best known for her lead role as Tracy Beaker in the CBBC series The Story of Tracy Beaker (2002–2006), Tracy Beaker Returns (2010–2012), for which she won a BAFTA in 2010, The Tracy Beaker Survival Files (2011–2012), My Mum Tracy Beaker, and The Beaker Girls (both 2021). Harmer played the role of Molly Louise Venables in the BBC One comedy series After You've Gone (2007), and starred in her own CBBC sitcom Dani's House (2008–2012) and its spin-off Dani's Castle (2013–2014). In 2008, Harmer branched into the music industry and signed a £3m record deal with Universal Group. She recorded her debut studio album, Superheroes, in September 2009, and released the single and theme from <mask>'s House, "Free", but the album was never released and it was later confirmed she had abandoned her music career indefinitely. In 2012, Harmer competed in the fourth series of Let's Dance for Sport Relief alongside Tyger Drew-Honey, in which they both finished as joint runners-up. Later that year, she competed in the tenth series of Strictly Come Dancing, partnered with Vincent Simone, reaching the final and finishing in fourth place.Early life
<mask> <mask> was born and raised in her hometown Bracknell, Berkshire, England, to parents Jill, a former legal worker and children's casting agent, and <mask>, a mechanic and chauffeur. Her parents are now divorced. She has a younger sister named Betsy, who works as a hairdresser. From the age of five, Harmer attended Stagecoach drama lessons. Harmer won a scholarship to attend Redroofs Theatre School at the age of seven, and left with three GCSEs. Harmer’s educational achievements beyond GCSEs are unknown. Career
Harmer made her stage debut at the age of six in the musical The Who's Tommy in the West End.She has appeared in a number of pantomimes: Dolly Mixture in Snow White (2004), the title character in Peter Pan (2005, Alban Arena, 2006 in Worthing and 2010 in High Wycombe), Dick Whittington (2007, Wolverhampton Grand Theatre) and the title role in Cinderella alongside Joe Tracini (2011, York Barbican). She appeared as an extra in Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone; she was sitting in the Great Hall when the new students to Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry took turns to visit the Sorting Hat. Her big break arrived when she landed the title role in CBBC's dramedy series The Story of Tracy Beaker, in which she starred for five series, and in the accompanying feature-length film Tracy Beaker's Movie of Me. Her other TV credits include the ITV drama series Trial & Retribution, My Family, Pie in the Sky, The 10th Kingdom, Beast, Touch Me, I'm Karen Taylor, "Beep Beep" in the British television series The Beeps, and the pilot for Coming of Age. She was one of the presenters known as "packers" in the 2006 series of the Saturday morning show Mighty Truck of Stuff. In November 2008, The Guardian reported that After You've Gone was to be cancelled by the BBC, due to ITV moving Coronation Street to the same slot on ITV1. The BBC had announced a fourth series of the show in January of that year to be aired in 2009; however, the series ended with a Christmas special in 2008.In 2008, Harmer signed a record deal with record label Universal/Decca worth £3 million, under the management of <mask>, some time before beginning work on her debut album. The album was recorded and written in 2008 with the help of producer and songwriter Tom Nichols, and entitled Superheroes. The album's lead and only single "Free" was released on 25 May 2009, after becoming the theme song of the TV show <mask>'s House, in which Harmer plays the lead role. The song reached number 117 on the Official Chart. "Free" was featured on the compilation album Pop Princesses 2009. The scheduled release date of Superheroes was October 2009, which was later pushed back to early 2010. Rumours circulated that the album had been cancelled by Harmer's record company due to poor sales of the lead single, she responded that "they are just waiting for the right time to release it".No further comment was made until mid-2012, when Harmer stated via Twitter that she had given up music because she wanted to focus on her acting career. The album never surfaced, but the artwork and 30-second previews of each track were released in early 2010, along with the track list. <mask> returned to the role of Tracy Beaker in early 2010 in the 13-episode BBC series Tracy Beaker Returns, in which her character had developed into a care worker and had written an autobiography about what life is like for children in care. Three series aired of Tracy Beaker Returns. It concluded on 23 March 2012, due to <mask> deciding to quit her role as Tracy. A spin-off was created called The Dumping Ground but did not feature her, though she did return for two episodes at the end of series 6. She then starred in another TV show called Dani's Castle, a spin-off from Dani's House.This aired at the start of 2013. Harmer was due to star as Jane in Disco Inferno, which was planned to tour across the UK in autumn 2012. However, it was announced on 5 September 2012, after an investor pulled out, that the musical had been cancelled. Harmer confirmed via her Twitter account on the same day that she would be a contestant on the upcoming tenth series of Strictly Come Dancing. She portrayed Janet in the 2013 UK tour of the stage production The Rocky Horror Show. In 2018, Harmer joined 26 other celebrities and performed an original Christmas song called Rock With Rudolph, written and produced by Grahame and Jack Corbyn. The song was recorded in aid of Great Ormond Street Hospital and was released digitally on independent record label Saga Entertainment on 30 November 2018 under the artist name The Celebs.The music video debuted exclusively with The Sun on 29 November 2018, and had its first TV showing on Good Morning Britain on 30 November 2018. The song peaked at number two on the iTunes pop chart. In 2020, it was announced that <mask> would be reprising the role of Tracy Beaker in the 2021 CBBC series, My Mum Tracy Beaker. It follows Tracy as a single mother and is based around her relationship with her 12 year-old daughter Jess (Emma Davies). The Dani Harmer Academy
The Dani Harmer Academy is a performing arts academy founded and run by Harmer in Berkshire. The academy offers educational classes such as drama, dance and singing, for children and young people. Harmer is also an acting coach at the academy.Personal life
On 28 June 2016, Harmer gave birth to her daughter, Avarie-Belle Betsy Rachel Brough. In August 2021, Harmer and her partner Simon Brough announced that she is pregnant with their second child. On 7 February 2022, Harmer gave birth to her son, Rowan León James Brough. Harmer made a political remark in 2019 after filming a video where she adapted her Tracy Beaker line into "Bog off Tories!" She expressed her support for the Labour Party through a tweet stating: "Off to vote Labour." Filmography

Theatre

Strictly Come Dancing

Harmer competed in the tenth series of the BBC ballroom dancing show Strictly Come Dancing, in 2012. She was paired up with Vincent Simone and the couple succeeded in reaching the grand final and finished in fourth place.Awards and nominations
Winner of the 2010 Children's BAFTA for Best Drama, <mask> was nominated for her performance as Tracy Beaker in its various incarnations, with the programme attracting a nomination in the Children's Drama Category at the 2011 RTS Awards. <mask> was nominated for a BAFTA Cymru for Best Actress for her performance in Tracy Beaker's Movie of Me. <mask>'s House, her own hit CBBC show received a 2009 Children's BAFTA nomination. In 2009, Harmer received a Gold Blue Peter Badge for her role in Tracy Beaker. References

External links

1989 births
Actresses from Berkshire
English television actresses
English stage actresses
English musical theatre actresses
English child actresses
English television presenters
Living people
People educated at Redroofs Theatre School
20th-century English actresses
21st-century English actresses
English women pop singers

masks:
Danielle Jane Harmer
Dani
Danielle Jane
Harmer
Andy Harmer
Daniel Glatman
Dani
Harmer
Harmer
Harmer
Harmer
Harmer
Dani


title: Jamie Natalie

texts:
<mask> is a retired American gymnast. He was a highly decorated college gymnast, achieving the 2001 Nissen-Emery Award and a two-time individual all-around national champion. In 2000, because he had pursued collegiate gymnastics rather than the USOC's program, the USOC elevated two inferior and lower-scoring gymnasts to the Olympic team and named <mask> as the "alternate." The USOC's attempt to send a message was widely derided and became the subject of continuing scrutiny. In fact, the "backroom" dealings and secretive process that resulted in what was widely considered to be punitive action, exposed the US Olympic coaches' biases to nationwide embarrassment and shame. Childhood

<mask> was born on 22 February 1979 in Wilmington, Delaware and grew up there. <mask> was a club gymnast at Prestige Gymnastics in Lancaster, Pennsylvania.<mask> was a member of the Junior National team for two out of three years between 1994 and 1997. In 1994, he won bronze in the all around at J.O. Nationals. He graduated from Alexis I. duPont High School in 1997. College career

<mask> competed for Ohio State from 1998-2001, under coach Miles Avery. <mask> was a seven-time all-American. In 2000, <mask> was the NCAA champion in the all-around and in floor exercise.In 2001, Ohio State were the team champions, and <mask> repeated his all-around gold. That year, he was awarded the Nissen-Emery Award, the men's gymnastics version of the Heisman. Senior elite career

Pre-Olympic Trials

<mask> was an intermittent member of the Senior National team between 1997 and 2001. In 1998, he was named to the 1998 Goodwill Games. In 1999, <mask> won gold on the high bar at the U.S. National Championships; a knee injury hampered him from competing on all events. In 2000, <mask> again placed first on the high bar and finished tied for sixth in the all-around. These results qualified <mask> to the 2000 Olympic Trials.2000 Olympic Trials and selection controversy

Before the meet, <mask> told his coach 'I'm making the team, I'm going after it.' Starting the meet on high bar, he scored a 9.9, which was the highest scored routine of the meet. After sticking his landing, <mask> stomped off the podium, slapping high fives and walking up and talking to the camera. Next, on floor exercise, <mask> earned a 9.625. He showed a similar emotional reaction, walking up and down, getting congratulations from other gymnasts and making the outburst "do the math now, baby" in the vicinity of the judges. The NBC commentator said, 'if you like rah rah in your gymnastics, we have your man, <mask> of Ohio State'. After five events, <mask> was sixth and faced the parallel bars.He scored a 9.625, his best result on that apparatus during the season. This moved him into fifth in the all around ranks. 2000 was the first year that U.S. selection was not based strictly on the top all arounders. Only the first four all arounders (based on a 60-40 average of Trials and U.S. Nationals) were assured spots on the Olympic Team. Blaine Wilson, Paul Hamm, Sean Townsend, and Stephen McCain were the top four. The last two spots were chosen by a committee. They chose Morgan Hamm and John Roethlisberger, who had finished sixth and seventh, respectively; <mask> was named as the alternate.After the announcement, <mask> and Roethlisberger were stunned. Roethlisberger pulled <mask> aside for a private conversation before the team answered questions. When he emerged, <mask> told the press:

They could just pick the top six guys, but that might not be the best team. You have to put the best team on the floor. I can see where they’re coming from. Morgan is absolutely great on floor and vault. And John is great on the other four events.It’s a no-brainer. The head of the selection committee and the coach for the 2000 delegation was Peter Kormann, who had been the Ohio State coach until <mask>'s freshman year. He said the committee had only considered the value of all gymnasts on different events in order to help the team, and not the all around scores after the top four were chosen. We went with the guys we thought could get the job done. It's not because of brothers like the Hamms or personalities. This was about what was best for the team. This is the team we believe can bring home a medal.Later after the athletes had met with coach Kormann, <mask> said:

I'm just chilling, No, I don't think the process was flawed. I had my best night and it just wasn't enough. They had the numbers. I'm happy to be the alternate. Raj Bhavsar, an Ohio State teammate of <mask>'s had also competed at the 2000 Trials and said:

I feel for him. Deep down, I always thought he would be one of the guys. I wish he was.He would never have been a wrong choice. He's a great competitor and a great guy. John Roethlisberger's father and coach, Fred Roethlisberger, commented:

I'm a little sad. I'm not happy with how John did it. I have a lot of empathy for <mask>. A big part of John's emotion up there was because of how he felt about <mask>. It's not an easy thing to accept for him or for me.Last international competition

In November 2000, USA Gymnastics 'called <mask> twice' to participate in an international tri-meet against Romania and China, the Pontiac International. Ohio state coach Miles Avery (who was also head coach of the meet's U.S. squad) said, before the meet:

This meet is an important step for the U.S. men's team. These championships are leading up to the World Championships next year. It's also a big stepping stone for <mask>. It will help to set himself up for the next quadrennium and the Olympics in Athens. At the competition, the United States finished second. <mask> described the competition:

The energy level was great tonight--the crowd was awesome.We came in and hit our routines and did more than we expected tonight. I was really happy with my performance. Departure from gymnastics

After the 2000 Trials, <mask> was encouraged to continue training and try for the 2004 games. However, he spoke out against trying again, citing a need for more than sports training in his daily life. In addition, he said he did not want to sacrifice four years of his life for an uncertain chance and he mentioned the possibility of injury affecting a comeback. After his college career finished in the spring of 2001, <mask> stopped training. He entered medical school the next fall.When interviewed shortly before the 2004 Games, <mask> said:

What's the point of working very hard for another four years to potentially not make the team again because of a random decision? <mask> received a medical degree from The Ohio State University College of Medicine in 2005 and is now a sports medicine physician. References

External links

November 2000 Pontiac International Competition (televised performance, videos uploaded by USA Gymnastics)
"Fluff" (human interest piece) discussing the missed 2000 Olympics
Floor exercise
Still rings
Vault
Parallel bars
High bar

American gymnasts
Ohio State Buckeyes men's gymnasts
1979 births
Living people
Ohio State University College of Medicine alumni
American sports physicians

masks:
Jamie Natalie
Jamie
Natalie
Natalie
Natalie
Natalie
Natalie
Natalie
Natalie
Natalie
Natalie
Natalie
Natalie
Natalie
Natalie
Natalie
Jamie Natalie
Natalie
Natalie
Natalie
Natalie
Natalie
Natalie
Natalie
Natalie
Jamie Natalie
Jamie
Jamie Natalie
Jamie Natalie
Natalie
Natalie
Natalie
Natalie
Natalie


title: Henry E. Bliss

texts:
<mask>  (January 29, 1870 – August 9, 1955) was the author of a classification system he called Bibliographic Classification which is often abbreviated to BC and is sometimes called Bliss Classification. He was named one of the 100 most important leaders in the field of library and Information science in the 20th century by American Libraries in December 1999, which praised his “subject approach to information” as “one of the most flexible ever conceived.” Despite these praises, <mask> was “met with apathy and even derision in his efforts” during his lifetime. His classification system was generally disregarded in favor of other more established classification systems such as the Dewey Decimal System created by Melvil Dewey and the Library of Congress Classification system, causing “more than one author” to label him as a, “prophet without honor.”  Although <mask> was an American, his system was more popular in British libraries than in American libraries. A second edition of the system has been developed in the United Kingdom in 1977. Several volumes have been published. <mask> was born in New York City. The son of <mask><mask> and <mask>.He became the deputy librarian of City College of the City University of New York, now known as the City College of New York, in 1891, where he worked until he retired in 1940. <mask> never obtained a degree of higher education yet he was extremely erudite and well learned. He was also a poet and published a collection of poems entitled Better Late Than Never (1937.) He was married in 1901 and had four children with his wife, <mask>, before she died in 1943. <mask>’ relationship with the American Library Association was strained at best. He resigned from the institution in 1933 saying that he had received “so dubious a welcome there” and was “treated like an outsider.” He rejoined however in 1937. <mask> was generally rather blunt and biting in his criticism of the work of other librarians, and after his wife's death, and near the end of his life, <mask> became something of a recluse.Despite this, at <mask>'s death in 1955 “a generous and moving obituary tribute” was written for him by none other than S.R. Ranganathan. despite the fact that <mask> had criticized Ranganathan by saying that he took him, “Less seriously then some others do, including himself.”

Bibliographic Classification
<mask> is most remembered for his ideas on library classification and the classification system he developed, which he called Bibliographic Classification. The full four volumes of Bibliographic Classification appeared from 1940 to 1953 and “marked half a century of sustained effort” by <mask>. <mask>'s reasons for developing this system were primarily because of his discontent with the Classification systems that were at use at the time. For example, <mask> says, “[that] The International Institute’s adoption of the Decimal Classification some 35 years ago, [was] for the specious reason that no better system was then available.” <mask> was emphatic about the fact that “good classification, ‘dignifies the library as an embodiment of knowledge.’”

The basis behind this system is the idea of a “subject approach to knowledge,” where books are ordered in a logical systematic way that is “intertwined with the organization of knowledge in society.” <mask> stressed this relationship by saying “Organizations of Knowledge thus become organizations for thought.” In an article entitled "The System of the Sciences and the Organization of Knowledge" written by <mask> in the January issue Philosophy of Science from 1935, he outlines seven major “principles of classification for organization of knowledge and thought.” Briefly stated and explained, they are,

Organization - This first principle, while being fairly self-explanatory, <mask> explains by saying “Free thought, like free life, without organization, may rove and rave like Bedlam in a Tower of Babel.”
Subordination - “of the more special classes [or subjects] to the more general,” for example placing geometry under the more general subject of Mathematics. Coordination – “The third structural principle, that classes, or sub-classes, of the same order, or grade, may be arranged serially either vertically or horizontally.”
Extension– “Serial, branched, and crossed classifications may be combined in structures of three or more extensions.”
Collocation –  or rather, arrangement “of closely related classes for functional efficiency.”
Gradation in Speciality – Bliss says “as the several sciences become more definite in scope, each becomes more or less special in relation to others, and accordingly they may be arranged in a scalar series of gradation in speciality.”
Maximal Efficiency – This is the seventh principle “per se.” and is a result of the first six principles when they are followed.Another of the important features of <mask>'s work is his ideas on “Alternative Location.” This simply means that <mask> provided provisions in his system for the possible different shelf locations of certain materials. This can be described as “For certain topics… two or more places would be provided and the individual library would select the one most appropriate to its needs.”  One critic described this as, “a handsome concession to rival school of thought.”

Reception
The reception of <mask>'s classification system was mixed at best. <mask> said that he received “more discouragement than encouragement from the first.” Many readers of <mask>'s work disliked his ideas simply because of the writing style. This was because <mask>'s writing was usually very complex and wordy. One critic said that <mask>'s writing was “much too long. Its exposition is frequently tedious and it has an overplus of trivial observations.” The reviews weren't all bad, though. Susan Grey Akers, in 1936, wrote that <mask>'s system “has possibilities which are interesting and thought-provoking.” Grace O. Kelley, writing in 1934 said, “a field of investigation is here presented which… would go far toward lifting librarianship to a plane of scholarship easily ranking with other disciplines which glory in the possession of subject matter which they can call their own”

Legacy and lasting importance
<mask> is often overlooked in the history of Library Science in favor of such giants as Melvil Dewey and S.R.Ranganathan. However, it is important to remember that “his work represents a major step along the way to the modern classification scheme.”  Maltby and Gill in their book The Case for <mask>, writes,“It would be easy to pronounce [<mask>’s work] as a failure. Nevertheless… no individual in the history of bibliographical classification has equaled the time spent by <mask> in ascertaining and weighing the needs of learning, in the penetrating analysis of other systems and the slow evolution of his own.”

He was compared to Melvil Dewey by <mask>:
“His goals and aspirations were different from those of Melvil Dewey, whom he certainty surpassed in intellectual ability, but by whom he was dwarfed in organizational ability and drive. Dewey was a businessman, but he was in no sense as profound in his accomplishments.”

Publications
 1929 The Organization of Knowledge and the System of the Sciences
 1933 The Organization of Knowledge in Libraries

References

External links

<mask> <mask> Broughton. in ISKO Encyclopedia of Knowledge Organization. Dekker Encyclopedias
A Memorable day with <mask>. <mask>
Sleepy Hollow Cemetery
Bliss Classification: Introduction and outline

American librarians
1870 births
1955 deaths
Burials at Sleepy Hollow Cemetery
City College of New York faculty
Library science scholars

masks:
Henry Evelyn Bliss
Bliss
Bliss
Life Henry Bliss
Henry H
. Bliss
Evalina Matilda Davis
Bliss
Ellen deKoster
Bliss
Bliss
Bliss
Bliss
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Eugene Garfield
Henry Evelyn
Blissda
Henry E
Bliss


title: Lada Adamic

texts:
<mask> is an American network scientist, who researches information dynamics in networks. She studies how network structure influences the flow of information, how information influences the evolution of networks, and crowdsourced knowledge sharing. <mask> is a director of research at Facebook, where she leads a computational social science team. She was previously an associate professor at the University of Michigan until 2013. Previously she worked in Hewlett-Packard's Information Dynamics Lab on research projects relating to network constructed from large data sets. Education
From 1990 Adamic attended Stuyvesant High School, one of the nine specialized high schools in New York City, where she was a member of mathematics team, which is the additional course for those who are interested in more advanced problem solving techniques. She moved with her family in 1992 and attended Fairview High School, ranked in the top ten in the United States.In 1993–1997 <mask> received her bachelor's degree in physics, engineering and applied science at California Institute of Technology and then got her PhD degree in applied physics at Stanford University in 2001. In 1994–1995 she was undergraduate research assistant at Caltech working on designing an electrostatic solar wind concentrator for the Genesis mission. In 1996–1997 she worked on the project of materials deposition with pulsed laser ablation. While writing her PhD thesis named "Network Dynamics: The World Wide Web" at Stanford she also worked with Xerox PARC researchers and modeled growth and search processes of the Internet. Academic career
<mask> worked for four years in Hewlett Packard labs as a research scientist where she studied networks created from large data sets, such as studying medical literature for gene-disease connections and modelling search processes on real-world social networks. In 2005 <mask> left HP Labs for the University of Michigan. She took a sabbatical in 2013 to join Facebook's data scientist team, where she stayed.<mask> is an editor for information science at the Network Science journal. Since April 2013, the journal publishes 3 issues per year. <mask> taught an online course "Social Network Analysis" on Coursera. Research and achievements
<mask>'s research is focused on analysing virtual world and social networks in particular. Together with Eytan Adar she holds U.S. patent 07162522 on User profile classification by web usage analysis. The method allows to predict user attributes (demographic information) based on an analysis of accessed web pages. While working on her PhD, <mask> obtained another U.S. patent 6631451 and 6415368: System and method for caching.It uses quality or value attributes, provided by a recommender system or by thorough analysis of site accesses that are attached to cached information to prioritize items in the cache and to identify higher value information. These methods aid in analysing networks. <mask> studies different aspects of online networks. For instance, using graph and text mining techniques together with her colleagues, she analyzed the usage patterns of Twitter during the House, Senate and gubernatorial midterm elections in the U.S. in 2010. They found significant relationships between content and election results, which is why more detailed analysis of several campaigns could be useful to predict which Twitter campaigns are the most effective. The analysis of cultural differences when using social networks can be useful for the developers of the social networks. <mask> together with her colleagues is exploring these differences.In one of her papers she tries to find the differences between usage of Q & A tools in social networks across two Western (United States and United Kingdom) and two Eastern cultures (China and India). It turned out that Eastern users tend to write serious professional networking questions, whereas Western users post questions just for fun. These differences are important for designing social networks for specific cultures. Studying how family members communicate on Facebook revealed that the interaction on Facebook doesn't decrease with the distance, which means that in the U.S. Facebook is a very important tool for parents/grandparents to communicate with their children/grandchildren. The results of the paper are actually very important and can be used to prioritize news stories, recommend friend connections with other relatives or automatically generate lists for privacy settings. In her paper about rating friends on Facebook, Dr. <mask> and her co-authors suggest the way to improve Facebook system of ranking friends to avoid awkward situations when friends rated one another differently. Particularly they suggest to use an alternative, anonymous feedback system.The other question which interests Adamic is information diffusion through social networks. After studying 253 million subjects on Facebook, they found that weak ties are more influential than strong ties. Tie strength is determined by how often individuals communicate with each other through private messaging, replying to the same comments, or the number of real-world communication captured by Facebook. There is no doubt that mass adoption of online social networks lead to high information flow and high availability of this information for the individuals. However, it turned out that in transmitting important information such as new job vacancies or future plans weak ties have an advantage compared to the strong ties, because they have fewer mutual contacts, this is why every person has access to the information to which the other person does not. Awards
<mask> has received National Science Foundation Career Award to fund her research on the social dynamics of information and University of Michigan Henry Russell award in recognition of her teaching and research. In 2012 she got Lagrange Prize in Complex Systems and best paper awards from International Conference on Information Systems (ICIS) 2011, International Conference on Weblogs and Social Media (ICWSM) 2011, International Conference on Webblogs and Social Media (ICWSM) 2010, Hypertext 2008.Her paper "Tracking Information Epidemics in Blogspace" written with E. Adar got the Web Intelligence most influential paper of the decade award in 2011. Selected publications

 E. Adar and L.A<mask>, "Tracking Information Epidemics in Blogspace", Web Intelligence 2005, Compiegne, France, Sept. 19-22, 2005
 L.A<mask> and B.A. Huberman, "Information dynamics in a networked world", In Complex Networks, Eli Ben-Naim et al., editors. Lecture Notes in Physics, Springer, 2003
 L.A<mask>, R.M. Lukose and B.A. Huberman, "Local Search in Unstructured Networks", in Handbook of Graphs and Networks: From the Genome to the Internet, S. Bornholdt, and H.G. Schuster (eds.), Wiley-VCH, Berlin, 2002
 J. Yang, Z. Wen, L.A<mask>, M.S. Ackerman, C.-Y. Lin, Collaborating Globally: Culture and Organisational Computer-Mediated Communications. Proc. ICIS, 2011
 L.A<mask>, D. Lauterbach, C.-Y. Teng, M.S. Ackerman, "Rating Friends Without Making Enemies", ICWSM 2011
 E. Bakshy, M.P.Simmons, D.A. Huffaker, C.-Y. Teng, L.A<mask>, The social dynamics of economic activity in a virtual world, ICWSM 2010, Washington D.C., 2010
 X. Shi, M. Bonner, L.A<mask>, A. Gilbert, The very small world of the well-connected, in Hypertext'08, Pittsburgh, PA, 2008
 E. Bakshy, I. Rosenn, C. Marlow, and L.A<mask>, The role of Social Networks in Information Diffusion, WWW'12

Related articles
 Adamic/Adar index

References

Living people
California Institute of Technology alumni
Stanford University School of Humanities and Sciences alumni
Stanford University Department of Computer Science faculty
University of Michigan faculty
Year of birth missing (living people)
Place of birth missing (living people)
Scientists from New York City
American scientists
Network scientists

masks:
Lada Adamic
Adamic
Adamic
Adamic
Adamic
Adamic
Adamic
Adamic
Adamic
Adamic
Adamic
Adamic
Adamic
. Adamic
. Adamic
. Adamic
. Adamic
. Adamic
. Adamic
. Adamic
. Adamic


title: Mokhtar Dahari

texts:
Dato<mask>  (13 November 1953 – 11 July 1991) was a Malaysian football player from Setapak, Selangor, he played for F.A. Selangor for most of his life. He is considered a legendary footballer in Malaysian football history, especially with  F.A. Selangor. A prolific forward, he was nicknamed Supermokh due to his playing skills and strength. He scored 89 goals in 142 full international matches for Malaysia, and helped the team reach its highest ever Elo ranking of 61 in 1977. <mask> is the all-time top scorer for the Malaysian national team.On 29th June 2021, FIFA acknowledged him as the third top scorer of all time at international level, with a total of 89 goals, behind only to Ali Daei and Cristiano Ronaldo. Early life
Born on 13 November 1953 at Setapak, Selangor (present-day in Kuala Lumpur). <mask> is the first born son of couple Aminah Sharikan and <mask> Abeng. His father, <mask>, worked as a lorry driver but did not earn very much to support his family. His family moved to Kampung Pandan in Kuala Lumpur when Mokthar was 11 years old. Upon moving, he attended secondary school at Victoria Institution in the city and began to show interest and talent in playing football at an early age. He played for his school and later for his home state, the F.A.Selangor. Career

Playing career

<mask> first played for F.A. Selangor in the Burnley Cup, which they won. He was later asked to play for the club regularly where he became the top scorer in his first season playing for F.A. Selangor. He helped the club win many tournaments, mainly the Malaysia Cup with 10 titles and scoring 177 goals altogether. He also played for Kelab Sultan Sulaiman, PKNS, Talasco and Kwok Yik Bank in the FAM Cup and Selangor League.In proving his loyalty for the team, he was quoted as saying: "I live and die for Selangor". Later, he was selected to play for the national team of Malaysia. He was only 19 years old when he first played for the national team in an international game, with his first game against the Sri Lanka national football team in 1972. He helped Malaysia to win bronze in the 1974 Asian Games and two gold medals in the Southeast Asian Games in 1977 and 1979 respectively. He even scored a double winning goals for 2–0 Malaysia Selection against Arsenal F.C. in a friendly game in 1975 that led to rumours of the English top clubs' interest in him. After the game, he had an offer from one of the European giants, the Real Madrid C.F.but declined to join because of his patriotism to his country and native club of Selangor. Known for his speed and accuracy, <mask> was named Best Asian Striker by World Soccer magazine when he was 23 years old. <mask> was famous for his speed and roars of Supermokh from the crowds were common, with many of the younger generation idolizing him with some trying to imitate his moves on the field. <mask> once scored a goal for Malaysia from the half way line beating Joe Corrigan with an incredible shot in a 1–1 draw against England B in 1978, dribbling past half of the opposing team coached by Bobby Robson. Also memorable was when Gordon Hill praised <mask> as "Hero Dahari" in Shoot! magazine in his column after the England B tour in 1978. Coaching career
After <mask> started having injury problems, he became a local coach to help the younger generation become better footballers.One of his trainees was a young Roshan Thiran, future Co-founder and CEO of Leaderonomics, who regularly speaks on his experiences playing under <mask>. <mask> asked his former F.A. Selangor partner, Reduan Abdullah to write a book about his life and his career. <mask> also coached for F.A. Selangor at times. After his retirement, he became a player-coach for Kwong Yik Bank after his career. Retirement
<mask> <mask> retired in May 1986 after winning the Malaysia Cup for F.A.Selangor. After the award giving ceremony, <mask> went to the club's president and proceeded to give him his number 10 jersey, telling the president to let the club keep the jersey for him. He came out of retirement in January 1987 to play one more season for F.A. Selangor. Personal life
Before becoming a professional footballer, he played other sports such as badminton, sepak takraw, and hockey. <mask> worked for PKNS in the afternoon and played football in the evening. He earned little during his time with PKNS.He later quit PKNS and worked for Kwong Yik Bank to gain better prospects for himself and his family. <mask> met Tengku Zarina Tengku Ibrahim through friends. After knowing her for 10 years, they finally got married on 24 February 1979. He then became the father of three children: Nur Azera (the eldest daughter), Mohd Reza (the eldest son) and Nur Arina (the youngest daughter). Illness and death
<mask> began having throat problems and went to the hospital to find out what the problem was. Doctors diagnosed him as having motor neurone disease (MND) with the discovery only being told to him and his wife. He then went to London with his wife in an attempt to cure his condition.After three years battling the disease and his condition worsening, <mask> died at the Subang Jaya Medical Centre (SJMC) on 11 July 1991. The press reported <mask>'s suffering from muscular dystrophy as the cause of his death. His body was laid to rest at Taman Keramat Permai Muslim Cemetery in Taman Keramat, Ampang, Selangor. His life journey and the real cause of death was only revealed for the first time in a documentary called "The Untold Truth About Supermokh" in the National Geographic Channel on 30 August 2010, about 19 years after his death. Honours

Club
F.A. Selangor
 First Division (1):
 Champion: 1984
 Malaysia Cup (10):
 Winner: 1972, 1973, 1975, 1976, 1978, 1979, 1981, 1982, 1984, 1986
 Charity Cup (Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah Cup) (2):
 Winner: 1985, 1987

International
 Pestabola Merdeka
Winners: 1973, 1974, 1976, 1979
 King's Cup
Winners: 1972, 1978
 SEA Games
Winners: 1977, 1979
Runners-up: 1981
 Asian Games
Bronze Medal: 1974

Individual
 National Sportsman Award 1976
 AFC Century Club 1999
 IFFHS Men Best Malaysian Players of the Century (1901-2000)
 World Soccer: The Best Asian Striker 1976
 OCM Hall of Fame: 2004
FourFourTwo's Top 25 Malaysian Players of All Time (1st Place): 2014

Records
 Selangor all-time top scorer: 177 goals

 Malaysia national football team  all-time top scorer: 89 goals

 Southeast Asia all-time top scorer for men's national teams: 89 goals

 Asia-Pacific all-time top scorer for men's national teams: 89 goals

 20th century all-time top scorer for men's national teams (1901-2000): 89 goals

 Former Asian all-time top scorer for men's national teams between 2 May 1979 until 16 June 2004 after surpassing Kunishige Kamamoto 75 goals. Former all-time top scorer for men's national teams between 27 October 1980 until 16 June 2004 after surpassing Ferenc Puskás 84 goals.Orders
  :
  Member of the Order of the Defender of the Realm (A.M.N.) (1977)
  :
  Knight Companion of the Order of the Crown of Pahang (D.I.M.P.) - Dato' (2000)
  :
  Knight Companion of the Order of Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah (D.S.S.A.) - Dato' (2016)

Career statistics

International goals

During his international career, <mask> scored a total of 125 goals in 167 appearances for Malaysia (including matches played against club sides, national 'B' teams and selection teams). Against other nations' national 'A' teams, he scored 89 goals in 142 appearances. This makes him once the world’s top scorer for men's national teams. Malaysia
Scores and results list Malaysia's goal tally first.Filmography

Legacy
Several places and honours were named after him, including:
 The <mask> Dahari Community Square (Dataran Komuniti Mokhtar Dahari), a community hall located at Kampung Pandan, Kuala Lumpur was named after him where <mask> used to stay, occasionally playing football there. There is a futsal court called Gelanggang Mokhtar Dahari (Moktar Dahari Futsal Court) located at Putrajaya Futsal Complex in Putrajaya. There is a national football academy was named after him, <mask> <mask>tar Dahari in 2014. In 2014, Google celebrates his 61st birthday. There is also a theatre showcase his legendary football career in Istana Budaya called "Super Mokh" portrayed by Malaysian actor named Awie. Footnotes

See also
 List of top international men's football goalscorers by country
 List of men's footballers with 100 or more international caps
 List of men's footballers with 50 or more international goals

References

Bibliography
 <mask> <mask> Wira Bolasepak Negara.Zabidi Ismail. (in Malay). Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka (1999). <mask> <mask>: Legenda Bola Sepak Malaysia. Zinnitulniza Abdul Kadir. (in Malay). Institute of Translation & Books of Malaysia (2013).Further reading
 <mask> <mask>: Permata bola sepak negara  Berita Harian

Remembering ‘SuperMokh’ 25 years later  Sports247

External links

 Biography at Selangor FC.com

1953 births
1991 deaths
Deaths from motor neuron disease
Neurological disease deaths in Malaysia
Malaysian footballers
1976 AFC Asian Cup players
Malaysia international footballers
Malaysian people of Malay descent
Malaysian Muslims
People from Selangor
Selangor FA players
Association football forwards
Asian Games bronze medalists for Malaysia
Asian Games medalists in football
Southeast Asian Games gold medalists for Malaysia
Southeast Asian Games silver medalists for Malaysia
Southeast Asian Games medalists in football
Southeast Asian Games bronze medalists for Malaysia
Members of the Order of the Defender of the Realm
Footballers at the 1974 Asian Games
Medalists at the 1974 Asian Games
Competitors at the 1973 Southeast Asian Peninsular Games
FIFA Century Club

masks:
' Mohd Mokhtar bin Dahari
Mokhtar
Mokhtar
Dahari
Dahari
Mokhtar
Mokhtar
Mokhtar
Mokhtar
Mokhtar
Mokhtar
Mokhtar
Mokhtar
Mokhtar
Mokhtar
Dahari
Mokhtar
Mokhtar
Mokhtar
Mokhtar
Mokhtar
Mokhtar
Mokhtar
Mokhtar
Mokhtar
Mokhtar
Daharikh
Mokhtar
Dahari
Mokhtar
Dahari
Mokhtar
Dahari