title: Ryan Day (snooker player)

texts:
<mask> (born 23 March 1980) is a Welsh professional snooker player. A prolific break-builder, he has compiled over 400 century breaks during his career, including two maximum breaks. He is a three-time World Championship quarter-finalist, has been ranked at no. 6 in the world and has won three ranking tournaments. Career

Early career
<mask> was born in Pontycymer, Bridgend. A top amateur, he reached the final of the IBSF Championship in China in November 1998 but lost on the final black. <mask> began his professional career by playing UK Tour in 1998, at the time the second-level professional tour.He was named Young Player of Distinction of the season 2000/2001 by the World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association (WPBSA). He won the 2001 Benson & Hedges Championship. With this win, he qualified for the 2002 Masters, where he defeated Dave Harold, before losing 0–6 to Stephen Hendry. He also won the WPBSA Challenge Tour in the 2001/2002 season and was named WPBSA Newcomer of the Year in 2002. Due to problems with his liver in 2003, his results suffered badly. In 2004, however, he qualified for the World Snooker Championship and he led John Higgins 9–7 in the first round, becoming the first player to score three  in his first Crucible match, but missed a pink in the 17th frame that would have left Higgins needing a snooker to stay in the tournament. Higgins went on to win the frame and the next two for the match.As some consolation, Higgins commented that <mask> was "going to be a top player for many years to come". 2005–2011
<mask> reached the quarter-finals of his home tournament, the 2005 Welsh Open defeating Ali Carter and Steve Davis along the way. He finished this season ranked 33, but as Quinten Hann did not participate in any events, <mask> was always among the top 32 seeds, meaning one less qualifying match than he would otherwise have faced. Back at the Crucible in 2006, he beat Joe Perry 10–3 in the first round and led Ronnie O'Sullivan 9–7 in the second round before losing 10–13. He narrowly missed reaching the top 16 of the rankings as a result. The 2006/2007 season was the most successful of his career up till then. <mask> reached the quarter-finals of the 2006 Northern Ireland Trophy and was runner up in the 2007 Malta Cup, losing 4–9 to Shaun Murphy.That year's performance saw him ranked 16 in the world for the 2007/2008 season, one place higher than in the previous year. As a member of the Top 16, he automatically qualified for tournaments. <mask>'s 2007/2008 season started with an appearance in the final of the Shanghai Masters; <mask> led his practise partner Dominic Dale 6–2 after the first session, but eventually succumbed to a 6–10 defeat. After failing to progress past the last 16 in the next three tournaments, he reached the semi-finals of the China Open, beating Matthew Stevens, Ken Doherty and Mark Williams before he was beaten by Stephen Maguire 5–6, denying him a place in the final. <mask> made it through to the quarter-finals of the World Championship for the first time in his career by beating Irishman Michael Judge 10–6 and the defending champion John Higgins 13–9 in one of the best wins of his career, before losing 7–13 to Stephen Hendry. His consistent performances took him up to 8th place in the rankings. <mask> reached the final of the 2008 Grand Prix where he lost to John Higgins, defeating Ricky Walden, Mark Selby, Jamie Cope and Ali Carter.The year ended on a disappointing note when he lost in the first round at the UK Championship to Matthew Stevens. He again reached the World Championship quarter-finals in 2009, before losing 11–13 to Mark Allen. However, he continued to move up the rankings, climbing 2 places to number 6, the highest ranked player not to have won a ranking event. A disappointing 2009–10 season in which he reached only one quarter-final (in the Welsh Open), culminated in an 8–10 first round defeat in the World Championship to Mark Davis. This continued into the next season where he made a number of early exits which meant that at the first revision under the new ranking system he dropped out the top 16, down to number 20. 2011/2012 season
<mask> qualified for five of the eight ranking tournaments during the 2011–12 season, losing in the first round in four. His best performance came at the end of the season in the biggest event on the tournament calendar, the World Championship.He came back from 3–7 down in his qualifying match against Gerard Greene to win 10–8, to set up a first round match with China's number 1, Ding Junhui. <mask> produced another comeback, this time from trailing 6–9 to win the last 4 frames and advance to the second round. There he beat fellow qualifier Cao Yupeng 13–7 and held a 5–2 lead in the early stages of his quarter-final match against compatriot Matthew Stevens. However, he suffered a migraine at the start of the next session and went on to lose 11 consecutive frames to exit the tournament 5–13. <mask> finished the season ranked world number 30. 2012/2013 season

<mask> lost in qualifying for the opening ranking event of the 2012–13 season the Wuxi Classic 0–5 to Robert Milkins. He was then beaten in the second round of the Australian Goldfields Open and the Shanghai Masters, 3–5 to Matthew Selt and 0–5 to John Higgins respectively.<mask> was defeated 3–6 by Neil Robertson in the opening round of the International Championship, but then came perhaps the best result of his season at the UK Championship. He beat Ding Junhui 6–4 in a high quality first round encounter, before letting a 3–0 lead against world number two Mark Selby slip to lose 4–6. <mask> played in nine of the ten minor-ranking Players Tour Championship events during the season with his best results being two quarter-final defeats to be ranked 32nd on the Order of Merit, just outside the top 26 who qualified for the Finals. <mask> struggled in the second half of the season as he failed to qualify for four of the remaining five ranking events, losing 2–5 in the first round of the World Open to Mark Allen in the one he did reach. He failed to qualify for the World Championship for the first time since 2006, narrowly losing to Ben Woollaston 9–10 in the fourth and final qualifying round. He finished the season ranked world number 31. 2013/2014 season

<mask> was beaten in the second round once and first round three times in the opening four ranking events of the 2013–14 season, but then reached the quarter-finals for the first time in over a year at the International Championship.<mask> won the first frame against Joe Perry but was thrashed 6–1. He went a stage further at the German Masters and, in an attempt to play in his first ranking final since 2008, he came from 5–3 down against Ding Junhui to level the match, but lost the deciding frame. A trio of second round losses and a first round defeat in the China Open followed. At the World Championship, Stephen Maguire levelled the scores from 8–4 and 9–6 down in the first round, but <mask> won the final frame for a final score of 10–9, and advanced to the second round. His season then ended when he lost 13–7 to Judd Trump, but he did increase his ranking by 10 places to world number 21, his highest finish for four years. 2014/2015 season

For the second season in a row <mask> qualified for every ranking event. A pair of last 16 defeats at the Wuxi Classic and Shanghai Masters proved to be his best results in the first half of the year.At the Haining City Open he achieved his first official maximum break in his last 32 match against Cao Yupeng. <mask> would go on to reach the quarter-finals, but lost 4–2 to Oliver Lines. After <mask> won the final two frames of his first round match against world number one Ding Junhui at the German Masters to eliminate him 5–4, he said that he was working on his consistency to get back into the highest echelons of the game. He then beat Alfie Burden 5–2 to face Liang Wenbo in <mask>'s only quarter-final appearance of the season and was narrowly beaten 5–4. In <mask>'s home event he suffered a surprise 4–1 loss to amateur Oliver Brown in the second round of the Welsh Open. <mask> was 3–1 ahead of Mark Allen in the first round of the World Championship, but then lost nine successive frames to be knocked out 10–3. 2015/2016 season
<mask> lost 5–4 to Ding Junhui in the second round of the Shanghai Masters, but turned the tables at the same stage of the International Championship by beating him 6–5.<mask> was defeated 6–4 by David Gilbert in the following round. However, in his next event he whitewashed Mark Selby 4–0 in the quarter-finals of the Bulgarian Open and beat Sam Baird 4–2 to play in the final of an event carrying ranking points for the first time since 2008, but he was thrashed 4–0 by Mark Allen. He lost 6–2 to Dechawat Poomjaeng in the second round of the UK Championship, but knocked out reigning world champion Stuart Bingham 5–3 to reach the quarter-finals of the German Masters. <mask> lost the final three frames against Kyren Wilson to be eliminated 5–4. He made two centuries and won the deciding frame on the final black against John Higgins to make another quarter-final at the World Grand Prix. He was defeated 4–2 by Bingham, losing the final frame from 56–0 points up, after Bingham made a 64 break. After being defeated 10–3 by Higgins in the opening round of the World Championship, <mask> said he would be working on his fitness in the off season in an attempt to improve his concentration during matches.2016/2017 season
<mask> advanced to the quarter-final stage of the Shanghai Masters by overcoming Neil Robertson and Mei Xiwen both 5–2 and lost 5–3 to Mark Selby. He won the first four frames against Mark Allen in the third round of the UK Championship, but went on to lose 6–5. His second quarter-final of the season came at the German Masters and he was defeated 5–2 by Martin Gould. At the World Grand Prix, <mask> overcame Stuart Bingham, Michael White and Shaun Murphy all 4–2. In the semi-finals he was 4–3 down to Marco Fu, but recovered from needing four snookers in the eighth frame to level and went on to win 6–4. In <mask>'s first ranking event final since 2008 he was 9–3 behind Barry Hawkins and, though he pulled it back to 9–7, he was defeated 10–7. <mask> lost in the final of the non-ranking Championship League 3–0 to John Higgins.A 4–2 win over Neil Robertson saw <mask> play in the semi-finals of the Gibraltar Open and he was beaten 4–2 by Judd Trump after leading 2–0. <mask> was a seeded player for the World Championship, but lost 10–4 Xiao Guodong in the first round and once again blamed his lack of concentration for the early exit. 2017/2018 season
<mask> finally clinched his maiden ranking title in his fifth final appearance. The Welshman defeated Stephen Maguire 5–2 to claim the Riga Masters title. The Welshman sensationally stormed to consecutive titles at the 2018 Gibraltar Open and the 2018 Romanian Masters. He defeated Cao Yupeng and Stuart Bingham in the respective finals. <mask> reached the semi-final in the UK Championship, this was his first appearance in the semi-finals of a Triple Crown event, but he lost 6–3 to Shaun Murphy in the semi-final.<mask> also made a return to the Masters for the first time since 2010. He beat Ding Junhui 6–4 in the first round, but lost to John Higgins 6–1 in the quarter final. 2018/2019 season
In the Gibraltar Open, <mask> reached the final again by beating Lukas Kleckers, Noppon Saengkham, Elliot Slessor, David Grace, David Gilbert, and Lu Ning. But he was unable to defend the title as he lost 4–1 to Stuart Bingham in the final. <mask> qualified for the Masters again this season. He knocked John Higgins out in the first round, winning by 6–5. But he was defeated by Ronnie O'Sullivan in the next round, losing 6–3.2020/2021 season
<mask> secured his third ranking title by beating Mark Selby in the final of the Shoot Out. In April 2021, he failed to qualify for the World Snooker Championship after losing 5–10 to Ricky Walden in the final qualifying round. Personal life
<mask> married his stepmother's sister, Lynsey, in the summer of 2008. The couple have two daughters, Francesca, born in 2006 and Lauren, in 2010. His younger brother Rhys has played football for Manchester City and the Welsh under-21 side. Performance and rankings timeline

Career finals

Ranking finals: 8 (3 titles)

Minor-ranking finals: 1

Non-ranking finals: 6 (2 titles)

Pro-am finals: 9 (5 titles)

Team finals: 1 (1 title)

Amateur finals: 2 (1 title)

References

External links

<mask> at worldsnooker.com

 Profile on Global Snooker
 Profile on Yahoo! Sport

Welsh snooker players
People from Pontycymer
1980 births
Living people

masks:
Ryan Day
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Ryan Day


title: James Hobrecht

type: original

texts:
<mask> (31 December 1825 in Memel – 8 September 1902 in Berlin) was a Prussian director for urban planning. His development plan of 1862 for a million-sized Berlin was soon to be simply called the Hobrecht-Plan. His main focus was on modern sewer systems for which he was well known in the late 19th century. Biography
<mask> was born as the son of the estate owner <mask> and his wife Isabella (born Johnson) in East Prussian Memel. His elder brother <mask> would later become the mayor of Berlin. In 1834 his father was called to the royal economic council and the family moved to Königsberg. In 1841, <mask> broke off his school education and began an apprenticeship as geodesist (professional land surveyor) for which he passed examination in 1845.Until 1847 he was engaged in separation work (clearing the pathway of transportation projects from rocks and hills) in East Prussia as well as the Cologne-Minden Railway. During the German revolutions of 1848 he served in the student guards at the Berlin Palace. By 1847 he had started studies at the Berlin Bauakademie (one of the institutes that would later form the Technical University of Berlin). While at the building academy he was an active member of the "Akademischer Verein 'Motiv'" student association. The fraternity was originally a loose group of students interested in arts and philosophy founded in 1847 as a chorus. Along with the rise of the academy it quickly grew by size and influence on contemporary architecture. Being at the academy he attended a variety of courses until his examination as "Bauführer" (academic site manager) in 1849.Right after examination he joined the "Architekten- und Ingenieur-Verein zu Berlin" professional association of architects in Berlin. He held different management positions in the circle until he was called off to the infantry regiment in the Electorate of Hesse in 1850. His first professional work is recorded with the building of the "Packhof" in Königsberg in 1851. In 1852 there are records of managing the Dirschkeim estate in Samland. On 4 February 1853 he married Henriette Wolff. The couple had three sons and four daughters in the coming years. <mask> continued his studies in civil engineering with records of field placements at the Prussian Eastern Railway in 1857.In 1858 he passed examination in transportation planning (Wasser-, Wege- und Eisenbahnbaumeister) and found an employment at the Royal Prussian urban planning administration (Baupolizei) in the same year. In that role he was commanded in 1859 to head the commission on creation of a land-use plan for Berlin and its environs. As part of his job he traveled to Hamburg, Paris and London in 1860 to learn about the contemporary development status in urban planning especially their sewer systems. Before the plan was finished the city came to an amalgamation of its suburbs on 1. January 1861. Based on the just finished land surveys and existing land-use proposals <mask> constructed a map showing a possible land-use for a city at a projected size of 1.5 to 2 million inhabitants. The map of building lines was soon to be called the Hobrecht-Plan but he was not able to continue on the details due to his dismissal on 15.December 1861, even before the resolution of the planning works on 18. July 1862. The reasons for the job termination are unknown. He went to Stettin to construct the water supply system for the city and to create plans for a modern sewer system Which was started to be built in 1870. Before the project was realized in Stettin, he was able to return to Berlin in 1869 where he was commissioned to build a sewer system for the city. This was enabled by his brother <mask>, who became lord mayor of Berlin in 1872, and Rudolf Virchow, who had already been a famous medical doctor and influential liberal politician. He laid out plans for a radial system of 12 main routes of canalization from the city to new sewage farms on the outskirts of Berlin.Soon after his brother took office the grand pipes were constructed from 1873 until the last one in 1893. While the works were ongoing he was called to help with the planning of the sewer systems of 30 German cities and the sewer systems in Moscow, Tokyo and Cairo. From 1872 to 1874 he had a teaching assignment at the Bauakademie. In 1885 he was elected to head the municipal urban planning departement, a position that he held for 12 years. Most of the embankments of the river Spree were built under his leadership allowing larger ships to pass through the city. In 1897 he retired for health reasons. In the same year he was honored with the title of "Stadtältester von Berlin".He remained in the city until his death in 1902. His grave can be found on the Friedhof II der Sophiengemeinde Berlin. Influence and legacy
When <mask> was commanded to head the urban planning commission for Berlin in 1859 he was just 34 years old and he had only minor experience compared to the size of the project which included 14 chapters. Actually he was just replacing a colleague who had fallen sick at the time. The shortcomings of the crowded Mietskaserne tenement blocks were largely attributed to that fact by historians in the early 20th century. Even the deadly street fights of fascist and communist squadrons in those area have been traced back to the Hobrecht-Plan that he created at that time. Modern historians are more favourable as his writings do also include chapters on estimates of the social consequences and his planning was good enough for later reformations that allowed Berlin to grow successfully.In 1868 he published the influential paper "Ueber öffentliche Gesundheitspflege und die Bildung eines Central-Amts für öffentliche Gesundheitspflege im Staate" (on the public health issues and the founding of a central office in the government) that was spawned by a Cholera epidemic at the time. He is still favouring the "Durcheinanderwohnen" (mixed class housing) in the tenement areas but criticizes the catastrophic housing conditions that had developed in the Wilhelmine Ring of Berlin. He finds support from Rudolph Virchow who had the same agenda on improving public health and housing conditions. With his wide knowledge on sewer systems and land-use for its pipes, he is the technician being in need to bring these reform ideas into reality. Soon after his return to Berlin he is one of the founders of the "Deutsche Vierteljahrsschrift für öffentliche Gesundheitspflege" (Quarterly Magazine on Public Health) in 1869. Between 1870 and 1879 he publishes 13 issues of "Reinigung und Entwässerung von Berlin. Einleitende Verhandlungen und Berichte über mehrere auf Veranlassung des Magistrats der Königlichen Haupt- und Residenzstadt Berlin angestellte Versuche und Untersuchungen" (water treatment and sewer systems of Berlin.Introduction and reports on experiments and studies on request of the municipal government of Berlin). When the Berlin sewer system started to work successfully, with much of an improvement to inhabitants of Berlin, he became a well-known expert in the field - helping later with the planning in Moscow in 1880, in Tokyo in 1886 and in Cairo in 1892. References

German civil engineers
1825 births
1902 deaths
People from Klaipėda
People from East Prussia
Engineers from Berlin

masks:
James Friedrich Ludolf Hobrecht
Hobrecht
Ludolph Hobrecht
Arthur Hobrecht
Hobrecht
James Hobrecht
James Hobrecht
Arthur Hobrecht
James Hobrecht


title: Jim Steele (footballer)

texts:
<mask> (born 11 March 1950) is a Scottish former football centre back who played professionally in Scotland, England and the United States. He helped Southampton win the 1976 FA Cup Final. Playing career

Early career
<mask> was born in Edinburgh; after leaving school, he was a trainee mechanical engineer with the National Coal Board. As a 15-year-old he was playing for a village team in his native Scotland when Tynecastle Boys Club, who were affiliated to Scottish First Division team, Hearts, spotted his talent and signed him up as an apprentice. Dundee
Dundee signed him as a 17-year-old and he made his debut in the first team with a solitary appearance in the 1967-68 season against Stirling Albion at Annfield, playing in front of just 600 spectators. The following season, he made just 5 appearances, but soon became a first team regular playing alongside Gordon Wallace, John Duncan, Jocky Scott and Ian Phillip. Even at this early stage in his career, he was considered a hard man and usually came out of a tackle with the ball, but his toughness was allied to skill.The highlight of his Dundee career was in their 1971–72 UEFA Cup run, when Dundee beat German side FC Koln, but went out to AC Milan despite a 2-0 victory in the home leg. These high-profile games brought him to the attention of English clubs and soon Leeds United and Southampton (alerted by their former player and scout, Campbell Forsyth) expressed an interest. Dens boss Davie White accepted an offer of £80,000 from Saints manager Ted Bates and <mask> was off to The Dell. In his 5 years at the club, he made 86 first team appearances, scoring 5 goals, and gained a reputation as a tall, granite-hard defender with a bad disciplinary record. Southampton
His transfer to English first division club Southampton for a club record fee of £80,000 was shrouded in secrecy as manager Ted Bates moved swiftly to secure <mask>'s services from under the noses of many bigger clubs. He made his debut for Southampton on 29 January 1972 in a 4-1 victory at home over Nottingham Forest. He had an aggressive, no holds barred attitude which soon made him a favourite with Saints' fans but often got him into trouble with referees.He was a versatile player and was able to play at left-back, as a sweeper, or in the centre of defence and soon became a fixture in the first eleven, rarely missing a game for the next 4 seasons except when under suspension for disciplinary reasons. The pinnacle of his career came in Southampton's 1976 FA Cup Final victory over Manchester United. His performance at the centre of Saints' defence, alongside Mel Blyth, earned him the man of the match award. This honour was the peak of his career, and after the first few games of the 1976-77 season, he was replaced by Malcolm Waldron. He was briefly loaned out to Rangers in November 1976, playing 5 games, including the Old Firm derby against Celtic but did not fit into Jock Wallace's plans and returned to The Dell. After his return to Southampton, he seemed to have re-established himself in the team being virtually ever-present from mid-December onwards, including appearing in 5 FA cup matches before Saints were eliminated by the team they had beaten in the previous season's final, Manchester United, who went on to win the 1977 FA Cup. He was sent off in the replay on 8 March against United after a series of bad-tempered exchanges with <mask>, scorer of United's 2 goals.On 16 March 1977, Saints were playing Anderlecht in the European Cup-winners' Cup when <mask> made a mistake in defence allowing Van der Elst to get past him to score the winning goal. This error, coupled with the sending-off, led to a falling-out with the manager Lawrie McMenemy, who was intent on a wholesale rebuilding of the team in order to gain promotion back to Division 1, and <mask> made his final appearance for Saints away to Nottingham Forest on 22 March 1977. In total he made 201 appearances for Southampton, scoring just 2 goals. United States
In April 1977, he moved to the United States and, although still relatively young, he never played again in British football. He spent 3 years with Washington Diplomats in the NASL followed by a short spell at Memphis Rogues and the Chicago Sting. He served as player-coach during the 1978 NASL indoor season while head coach Gordon Bradley was away scouting. On 21 September 1979, he signed on loan from the Diplomats with the Pittsburgh Spirit of the Major Indoor Soccer League.He tore the anterior cruciate ligament in his left knee two games into the season. This led to a legal mess in which the Diplomats sued the Spirit for the loss of <mask>. The Diplomats then released <mask> who considered suing them before signing with the Memphis Rogues on 29 May 1980. He played only seven games for the Rogues as his knee continued to hamper his playing. In 1981, he signed with the Chicago Sting, but saw no first team games. He was employed as a foreman at an electrical plant in Washington, before returning to Britain in 1994. Return to Britain
Having also run a bar in Washington and with friends running a pub in Southampton, it seemed natural to enter the pub trade when he returned to Britain.He did holiday-relief management at Black Horse pub in Naunton, Gloucestershire and ran Naunton Downs Golf Club's bar for seven months before he and his partner Gill took over at the Black Bear pub in Moreton-in-Marsh, Gloucestershire. He later managed the Eastleigh District Irish Society bar in Eastleigh, Hampshire. Honours

As a player
Southampton
 FA Cup: 1976

References

Bibliography

External links
NASL stats
NASL indoor

1950 births
Footballers from Edinburgh
Living people
Dundee F.C. players
Major Indoor Soccer League (1978–1992) players
Memphis Rogues players
North American Soccer League (1968–1984) players
North American Soccer League (1968–1984) indoor players
Pittsburgh Spirit players
Rangers F.C. players
Scottish footballers
Scottish expatriate footballers
Scottish Football League players
Southampton F.C. players
Tynecastle F.C. players
Washington Diplomats (NASL) players
Association football central defenders
Scottish expatriate sportspeople in the United States
Expatriate soccer players in the United States
FA Cup Final players

masks:
James Steele
Steele
Steele
Steele
Jimmy Greenhoff
Jim
Jim
Steele
Steele


title: Renato Barisani

texts:
<mask> (15 November 1918 – 3 September 2011) was an Italian sculptor and painter. Biography
A native of Naples, Barisani attended the Filippo Palizzi Art Institute of Naples under the guidance, among others, of Alberto Chiancone, Carlo De Veroli and Francesco Galante. He graduated in sculpture in 1937 at the Art Institute of Naples and, thanks to the Filippo Palizzi scholarship, he studied for two years at the Higher Institute of Industrial Art (ISIA) in the Royal Park of Monza where he graduated after having attended the courses of Pio Semeghini, Giuseppe Pagano, Agnoldomenico Pica and Marino Marini. Back in Naples, R<mask> attended the Academy of Fine Arts, a period during which he won, in 1940, the first prize for sculpture and bas-relief to the Prelittoriali dell'Arte. In 1941 he graduated in Sculpture at the Academy of Fine Arts in Naples and in the same year he won the sculpture award "Vincenzo Gemito". In August of the same year, he was called to arms in the Italian Army from which he was discharged in September of the following year. In 1948]] he started teaching art at the Liceo Artistico di Napoli, until 1956, when he became lecturer at the State Art Institute of Torre del Greco.From 1950 to 1955, together with R. De Fusco, G. Tatafiore and A. Venditti, he formed the "Neapolitan concrete art group", moving into geometric-abstract research. During these years <mask> Barisani exhibited at the Abstract and Concrete Art Exhibition in Italy at the National Gallery of Modern Art in Rome and at the collective exhibitions in Montecarlo, Milan and Florence. From 1953 to 1957 he was also present in the "Concrete Art Movement" of Milan (MAC), participating in almost all the exhibitions, including historical ones, in Italy and abroad. After participating in various national exhibitions, together with the Milanese group (MAC), the Neapolitan concrete art group held an important exhibition in 1954 at the Medea Gallery in Naples. In these years, together with a concretist pictorial production, it is outlined the period dedicated to the research of plastic nature by the artist, which mainly sees the use of materials such as painted iron and plexiglass. Between 1956 and 1962, on the other hand, it is possible to place a nucleus of informal pictorial works, characterized by a strong material interest clearly visible through the use of mechanical objects. From 1960 to 1963, at the invitation of the founder Georges Kasper, he joined the "New European School" in Lausanne.In this period he took part in the most important exhibitions in Antwerp, Lausanne, Trieste and Brussels. In 1961 <mask> <mask> exhibited at the Galleria San Carlo in Naples with a solo show and in 1962 he was invited to exhibit at the XXXI Venice Biennale. The same year he won the Sicilia Industria Award in Palermo, Sicily, and the Swiss Abstract Painting Award. In 1963 one of his works was exhibited at the Contemporary Italian Paintings exhibition, held in some of the major Australian cities. This period shows a return to the pure form of concretist origin that dates back to the mid-1960s. The following decades are characterized by the continuous experimentation of different artistic and media languages ranging from geometric research conducted both in painting and sculpture, to material interest, to the use of sensitive paper, to collages with sandpaper, photocopies and other materials. From 1964 the artist also devoted himself to the decoration of ceramics, winning the second prize at the "Ceramica Grandecoro" competition and the second prize at the 5th Biennial of Metal Art in Gubbio in Modena in 1969.He is invited to the Roman Quadrennial of 1965 and 1986, to the Venetian Biennials of 1962 and 1972 and, in 1977, R<mask> exhibits in his first important anthological exhibition at the Museum of Villa Pignatelli in Naples, where he presents works realized in the period from 1940 to 1975 . In 1978 he was assigned the position of professor of Design at the Academy of Fine Arts in Naples, which he will leave in 1984. The following years are marked by intense experimentation with techniques and materials: oil paintings, spray, watercolor, pastels, sands and wooden forms with which he made collages and the first paintings that characterize his last period. In 1993 <mask> received the prestigious award from the Pollock-Krasner Foundation of New York City. In October 2000, the City of Naples dedicated a major anthological exhibition to him in Castel dell'Ovo, with works from the 1950s to 2000. On that occasion, a large painted steel sculpture, the Grande Arco, was permanently installed on the entrance to the castle, which the artist intended to be as a gift for the City of Naples. In the same year, another large sculpture is located, also in painted corten steel, in the gardens of the Quattro Giornate underground station in Naples.In 2008, the Palazzo Delle Arti in Naples dedicated a personal exhibition to him with the most recent works of art, colored sculptures, paintings and a selection of the latest jewelry. The following year Barisani was included, from a special commission of the historic and prestigious Academy of San Luca in Rome, among the last five preselected artist for the Award of the President of the Republic to a painter. <mask> <mask> died in Naples on 3 September 2011, at the age of almost 93 years. On 8 October of the same year, the last personal exhibition was held in Rome, previously agreed upon by the artist and then realized, after his death, by his son. In July 2017, the Municipal Gallery of Contemporary Art in the city of Gaeta dedicates a new anthological exhibition to Barisani, in which over 200 works were exhibited, some of which were unpublished, including numerous paintings, sculptures, ceramics, tapestries, mosaics and jewels. Sperimentatore nel tempo. Opere dal 1935 al 2011, Magonza Editore, Arezzo, 2017

External links
 Un profilo biografico, on caldarelli.it.Retrieved 3 April 2019 (in Italian)
 Contemporary Italian Paintings, on quadriennalediroma.org. Retrieved 3 April 2019 (in Italian)

1918 births
2011 deaths
20th-century Italian sculptors
20th-century male artists
20th-century Italian painters
Artists from Naples
Italian male painters
Italian male sculptors

masks:
Renato Barisani
. Barisani
Renato
Renato
Barisani
. Barisani
Barisani
Renato
Barisani


title: Hugh Watt

texts:
<mask>   (19 March 1912 – 4 February 1980) was a New Zealand politician who was a Labour member of Parliament and the acting prime minister of New Zealand between 31 August to 6 September 1974, following the death of Prime Minister Norman Kirk. He had been the fifth deputy prime minister of New Zealand since 8 December 1972. <mask> later served as High Commissioner to the United Kingdom. Biography

Early life

<mask> was born in Perth, Western Australia, in 1912. His father was a mining engineer and his family emigrated to New Zealand when he was two years old, settling in Auckland. His father lost an arm in Australia and moved back to New Zealand to take up a position as a watchman at the Auckland Harbour Board. <mask> attended Remuera School and his headmaster was Sir Leslie Munro's father.He attended Seddon Memorial Technical College where he studied engineering and also played senior grade rugby for the Tech Old Boy's club. He joined the Engineers' Union and was a member for 16 years. He enjoyed his union membership, but never aspired to hold any office within it. He established his own engineering business in 1947. He continued to run the business (even while a minister) until 1969 when he accepted a doctor's advice to lessen his workload. Previously, in 1962, he had also reduced his workload by resigning as executive director of the Auckland City Development Association after one year in the role. He was succeeded by Allan Highet (later a National MP).He had married twice. First to Alice Merry Fowke from 1935 to 1965. He was divorced and then married <mask>. He had two sons and two daughters. <mask> was Australian-born, like Labour Party founders such as Harry Holland, Michael Joseph Savage, Bob Semple and Paddy Webb and later MPs such as Mabel Howard and Jerry Skinner. He was born on the same street that Australian Prime Minister John Curtin once lived, whom <mask> was a great admirer of. Political career

Member of Parliament

He stood unsuccessfully for Labour in  in 1949 and in  in 1951.His initial failures were to help his subsequent development as a politician saying "I learned early in my political life that you've got to take the kicks with the congratulations". He was then successful in winning the seat of  in a  after the death of Arthur Osborne, and held it to 1975. Second Labour Government

<mask> was first appointed as a minister in the Second Labour Government led by Walter Nash; he was both Minister of Works from 1957 to 1960 and additionally was Minister of Electricity from 1958 until 1960. As Minister of Works he quickly became known for both his vitality and genial style of inspecting infrastructure sites. During the government he oversaw one of the most constructive and positive periods of public development New Zealand had seen. He started construction on the Benmore Dam and ensured that when it was completed it was £12 million under the original estimates. <mask> was also the Chairman of the National Roads Board from 1957 to 1960.He thought his reform of the National Roads Board levy system was his biggest achievement in the government's term and saw a large improvement in urban motorways as a result of diversifying the board members to come from cities as well as rural areas. When Labour was in opposition several previous ministers had either died or retired and <mask> soon found himself as one of the party's most experienced MPs. He stood for the position of Deputy Leader in 1962 following the death of Jerry Skinner but was defeated by Fred Hackett. Following Hackett's own death in 1963 he stood again and was this time elected, narrowly ahead of Norman Kirk. At 11 years, 4 months and 12 days <mask> is Labour's longest-serving deputy leader, first under Arnold Nordmeyer and then under Kirk. He was the Shadow Minister of Works and Electricity while Labour was in opposition. <mask>, and the Labour Party as a whole, were opposed to the Vietnam War.Whilst acting Leader of the Opposition he boycotted an official welcome function for South Vietnamese leader Nguyễn Cao Kỳ during his visit to New Zealand in January 1967. During this period <mask> suffered several health scares. In 1962 he had an operation in Auckland Hospital for an undisclosed illness. Later, in 1967 he had his appendix removed and in 1969 he suffered a heart attack. Later that same year he was admitted to hospital yet again with both influenza and inflammation round the heart. He had also been a diabetic since 1955. Due to his precarious health there was much speculation that the Labour caucus might replace him as deputy leader.In February 1971, Arthur Faulkner and potentially Bill Rowling were contemplating standing against him, however neither did allowing <mask> to be re-elected once again unopposed. Third Labour Government

During the Third Labour Government, in the ministry led by Norman Kirk, he was Minister of Labour (1972–1974) and Minister of Works and Development (1972–1974). As the only member of the government with prior cabinet experience <mask> carried a significant amount of responsibility handling both the strenuous Labour portfolio and had high demands in foreign relations as Deputy Prime Minister. Mike Moore, a backbencher at the time, said <mask> had "carried the 1972–75 Labour government." In the highly demanding role of Minister of Labour he offered an "open door policy" to all parties in industrial disputes. However he quickly found that this was causing excessive demands on his time by warring trade unions and employers and he found himself in a position of being "too accessible". From 1973 he was given an Under-Secretary in the Labour portfolio, Eddie Isbey, which eased his workload.Regardless, his tenure as Minister of Labour was seen as successful in keeping disruptive industrial disputes to a minimum. As Deputy Prime Minister he made a "futile but necessary" trip to Paris in April 1973 to voice New Zealand's opposition to nuclear weapons testing in French Polynesia. He also visited London and met with Prime Minister Edward Heath in an attempt to win British support, even offering to let Heath skipper the protest vessel, but failed to persuade the British government to support New Zealand's stand. <mask> continued to have a high workload and Kirk mooted taking the Works and Development portfolio from him to help, however <mask> was reluctant to drop Works and Development as he enjoyed the role. He preferred to give up the Labour portfolio, but Kirk wanted him to remain in it as he was "making his mark" in it. In early 1974 he announced that he would stay on as Minister of Labour "in the national interest" but would be replaced as Minister of Works and Development. Following Kirk's sudden death on 31 August 1974, the government was left with a leadership vacancy.<mask>, who was then serving as Deputy Prime Minister, acted as prime minister for six days before a new leader was elected. <mask> was quick to declare his candidacy stating that he would be available for the leadership if asked stating "I have always said if the situation arose when I was called on to do the job I would not hesitate to put my name forward. Of course there is nothing to stop any other members of caucus doing the same." At the same time he also dispelled rumours that if successful he would just be an interim leader saying he would have every intention of leading Labour at the . Although <mask> was initially seen as the front-runner, the Minister of Finance and former party president Bill Rowling soon appeared to have more momentum than <mask>. The party's National Executive and the Federation of Labour preferred <mask> to Rowling and made their support known. Ultimately, on 6 September, Rowling was elected by the caucus to replace Kirk as Labour Party Leader and Prime Minister at the leadership election.After losing the leadership ballot <mask> decided to retire as deputy leader. Though disappointed, <mask> took the defeat graciously and fought back tears informing reporters he had been defeated, later admitting that losing the leadership vote was "the greatest, most tragic disappointment of my life, it knocked me tremendously". Most of the votes <mask> received were from Labour's senior MPs such as Henry May who thought <mask> deserved the leadership and that many backbenchers, who did not appreciate the administrative burden he carried, unfairly voted against him. However most in the parliamentary party felt at 61 he was too old and that Labour needed a younger leader. In the Rowling ministry, <mask> regained his cherished Works and Development portfolio and was also designated Minister in charge of Earthquake and War Damage Commission until March 1975, and was subsequently appointed to the Executive Council as a Minister without portfolio. In 1974, he was also appointed to the Privy Council of the United Kingdom alongside former Prime Minister Jack Marshall. Marshall said <mask>'s appointment (usually reserved only for Prime Ministers) was well deserved as "he had served the House for so long and so faithfully".<mask> then decided to retire at the next general election in 1975 to be succeeded by Frank Rogers. Diplomatic career

<mask> was appointed New Zealand's High Commissioner to the United Kingdom effective from 22 March 1975 for three years. Controversially, he stayed on as a Member of Parliament and Cabinet minister. In June 1975, <mask> was asked if he was about to resign as an MP. He stated that:

Following the election of the Third National Government <mask> was pressured to resign by new Prime Minister Robert Muldoon, it was widely speculated that his recall was purely for political reasons. In the midst of the dispute he warmly welcomed Brian Talboys, the Minister of Foreign Affairs, to London reinforcing his considerate, genial reputation. During his brief time at the High Commission he did a great deal to boost the morale of the staff and a senior official there told media that "His [<mask>'s] politics and mine do not coincide, but that has nothing to do with the job.He is one of the best high commissioners we have had here for many years". His most important diplomatic task while in London was relaying to Wellington the seriousness of New Zealand's 1976 rugby tour of South Africa and its potential impact on New Zealand's participation in the upcoming Olympic Games in Montreal. His confidential cables cautioned that the All Black tour was perceived abroad as giving tacit support to the apartheid regime in South Africa. He served only fifteen months of his three-year contract and as part of a well publicised deal he relinquished the role of High Commissioner in exchange for the role of Commissioner of the Accident Compensation Corporation in Wellington. He was replaced by Douglas Carter (a recently retired National MP) which served to strengthen the public perception that his removal was politically motivated. Upon his return to New Zealand over 300 people attended a function supporting <mask> after his treatment by the new government. Later life and death

In late 1977, after witnessing the Moyle Affair and generally depreciating state of politics under Muldoon, <mask> put himself forward as a nominee for Onehunga once again stating that he felt that a man of his experience could guide MPs in conduct.<mask> had intended to win the nomination again and only serve one term, using the time to lay the groundwork for Mike Moore, his friend and former MP for , to succeed him. <mask> had previously encouraged Moore to seek the Onehunga nomination when he retired in 1975, even offering to return from London to campaign on his behalf, but Moore declined. <mask> later withdrew his nomination. In December 1979 he was made a life member of the Labour Party. <mask> died on 4 February 1980 in Auckland's Greenlane Hospital after a long illness, aged 67 years. He was survived by his wife, ex-wife and four children. Notes

References

 <mask> profile via World Statesmen

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1912 births
1980 deaths
Auckland University of Technology alumni
Australian emigrants to New Zealand
Deputy Prime Ministers of New Zealand
High Commissioners of New Zealand to the United Kingdom
Members of the Cabinet of New Zealand
Members of the New Zealand House of Representatives
New Zealand Labour Party MPs
New Zealand members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom
New Zealand MPs for Auckland electorates
People from Perth, Western Australia
Unsuccessful candidates in the 1949 New Zealand general election
Unsuccessful candidates in the 1951 New Zealand general election
New Zealand justices of the peace

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Hugh Watt
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Frances Watt
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Hugh Watt


title: Micah Owings

texts:
<mask> (born September 28, 1982) is an American former professional baseball player who played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Arizona Diamondbacks, Cincinnati Reds and San Diego Padres between 2007 and 2012. During his career, Owings was used as a pitcher and an occasional pinch-hitter; he also played outfielder in the minor leagues. While playing for the Diamondbacks in 2007, he was honored with a Silver Slugger Award as the top-hitting pitcher. Owings played college baseball with the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets before transferring to Tulane, where he played in the College World Series. He was drafted in the third round of the 2005 MLB Draft by Arizona, making his major league debut with the Diamondbacks in 2007. He played two seasons in Arizona before he was traded to the Cincinnati Reds. He spent two seasons with the Reds, followed by a return to Arizona for a one-year stint.Owings joined the San Diego Padres in 2012, signed a minor league contract with Washington in 2013, was later released and then signed with the Milwaukee Brewers. Early life and career
Owings holds Georgia's high school home run record with 69, fourth in the nation only to Drew Henson, Jeff Clement, and James Peterson. As a sophomore, he hit .630 with 21 homers; as a senior he hit .448 with 25 home runs while going 12–1 on the mound with a 1.03 ERA, 121 strikeouts, and 3 walks in 75 innings. Owings played his freshman and sophomore seasons at Forsyth Central High School in Cumming and transferred to Gainesville High School as a junior. Owings played college baseball at Georgia Tech in  and  before transferring to Tulane University in New Orleans. After the 2004 season, he played collegiate summer baseball with the Bourne Braves of the Cape Cod Baseball League. In the 2005 season, Owings was named to the All-Tournament Team at the Conference USA Tournament.Tulane held a number one national ranking for most of the season and reached the College World Series. He was selected by the Colorado Rockies in the 2nd round (50th overall) in the 2002 Major League Baseball Draft, but did not sign with them. He was selected again in 2004 in the 19th round (576th overall) by the Chicago Cubs and again chose not to sign. In , he was selected in the third round by the Arizona Diamondbacks (83rd overall). After signing with Arizona, he was assigned to the Single-A Lancaster JetHawks. He pitched in 16 games out of the bullpen, going 1–1 with a 2.45 ERA. In , he played in Double-A and Triple-A for the Tennessee Smokies and the Tucson Sidewinders, respectively.He made 12 starts for the Smokies and went 6–2 with a 2.88 ERA. His stats in Triple-A were impressive, in which he went 10–0 with a respectable 3.75 ERA in 15 starts. Major league career

Arizona Diamondbacks (2007–2008)
Owings was a long shot to make the Diamondbacks' Opening Day roster in 2007, but was ultimately named the fifth starter over Enrique González, Dana Eveland, Dustin Nippert, and Yusmeiro Petit. Owings made his major league debut on April 6, 2007, against the Washington Nationals. He pitched five shutout innings, allowing only one hit, and striking out six. Originally brought up to fill a starter spot while Randy Johnson recovered from back surgery, management was very impressed by his performances. On July 26, Owings hit his first Major League home run against Byung-hyun Kim of the Florida Marlins.Owings was having an uneventful season in the major leagues in 2007 until he faced the Atlanta Braves on August 18, 2007. He pitched 7.0 innings, allowing three hits and three earned runs, striking out seven. His batting performance made it a career night. Owings went 4 for 5, including two home runs, scoring four times with six RBI. He is the first pitcher with four hits, four runs and six RBI in the same game. The last pitcher in the Major Leagues to record four hits and four runs was Danny Jackson in . Owings' 11 total bases are the most by a pitcher in the last 50 seasons.The last Arizona player to have four hits, two homers, four runs and six RBI was Shea Hillenbrand in . He was the first Diamondbacks pitcher to have 2 home runs in one game. The Diamondbacks would later win, 12–6. Following two particularly poor outings in early September 2007, Owings pitched his first Major League shutout on September 18, 2007, allowing only two hits against the San Francisco Giants. Later in 2007, on September 27, Owings made an emergency start in place of Brandon Webb and pitched 6 innings of shutout ball, while going 4-for-4 at the plate with three doubles and three RBI. He became the first pitcher since Whitey Ford to have two 4-hit games in one season. He won a Silver Slugger Award that season after hitting .333 with four homers and 15 RBI in 60 at-bats.His batting average of .333 ranked fourth best for pitchers since , the beginning of the designated hitter era (in the American League). On December 5, 2007, the Arizona Republic newspaper reported that the Diamondbacks were considering playing Owings at first base during the days that he was not pitching, in an effort to get his potent bat into the lineup on a more regular basis. On April 30, , Owings had a pinch-hit 2-run home run against the Houston Astros. It was the first pinch homer by a pitcher in the majors in more than four years. Brooks Kieschnick of the Milwaukee Brewers had last done it against Matt Mantei of the Arizona Diamondbacks on April 22, . On June 4, 2008, manager Bob Melvin inserted <mask> 8th in the batting order at Milwaukee. The Diamondbacks lost 10–1 to Milwaukee.Cincinnati Reds (2009–2010)

On August 11, 2008, the Cincinnati Reds traded left fielder Adam Dunn to the Arizona Diamondbacks for Dallas Buck and two players to be named, who were later revealed as Wilkin Castillo on August 14 and Owings on September 12. Owings batted .259 with the Reds in 2009 with three homers and 10 RBI in 54 at-bats. On Wednesday, July 21, 2010, the Reds optioned Owings to the Triple-A Louisville Bats. On Tuesday, August 17, 2010, the Reds designated Owings for assignment to make room on the 40-man roster for Yasmani Grandal, the Reds' 2010 first round draft pick, whom they signed to a Major League contract. Reds GM Walt Jocketty stated that Owings had requested a trade "to another club that would have a better future for him". On August 26, 2010, the Reds announced that Owings had cleared waivers and had accepted an outright assignment to the Triple-A Louisville Bats. Arizona Diamondbacks (2011)
Owings signed a minor league deal with the Arizona Diamondbacks in 2011, and he would try out at first base, along with his normal starting pitcher role.<mask> was recalled from the Triple-A Reno Aces May 21, 2011, to take the roster spot opened by the release of Russell Branyan. In 2011, Owings had an 8–0 record. The eighth victory came on an outing on September 27 where Owings gave up 5 runs in the 10th, but the Diamondbacks rallied for 6 in the bottom half of the frame. On December 12, 2011, Owings was non-tendered by the Diamondbacks, making him a free agent. San Diego Padres (2012)

Owings signed a one-year $1 million contract with the San Diego Padres for the 2012 season. He started the season as a relief pitcher, but he was on the disabled list since April 26 with a right forearm strain. After not expecting to pitch again that season, Owings planned to play first base, left field, and designated hitter in Triple-A in Tucson.He did not want to give up pitching, and intended to become a "position player/pitcher". At the time, he had a career batting average of .283 with 14 doubles, two triples, nine homers and 35 RBI in 203 at-bats. He also had a .313 on-base percentage and a .507 slugging percentage. However, those plans were put on hold after he underwent season-ending surgery on his right elbow. On October 23, Owings was released by the Padres. He would've been a non-tender candidate, being in his third year of arbitration eligibility. Washington Nationals (2013)

On February 6, 2013, Owings signed a minor league contract with the Washington Nationals that included an invitation to Major League spring training.The Nationals announcement listed him as a first baseman, although he ended up being used exclusively as an outfielder and DH. In 213 plate appearances with Triple-A Syracuse Chiefs, Owings hit eight home runs and posted a .785 OPS. The Nationals, however, released him on July 1. Milwaukee Brewers (2013)

On July 13, the Milwaukee Brewers signed Owings to a minor-league contract in which he was expected to play both the outfield and pitch. He elected free agency on November 4, 2013. Miami Marlins (2014)
On April 8, Owings signed a minor league deal with the Miami Marlins. He became a free agent after the 2014 season.York Revolution (2016)
On April 21, 2016, Owings signed with the York Revolution of the Atlantic League of Professional Baseball. He was listed on the team's official roster as a pitcher. Seattle Mariners (2016)
On October 24, 2016, Owings signed with the Seattle Mariners, with an invite to spring training. He elected free agency on November 6, 2017. He spent the remainder of 2017 working in the front office for the Mariners, scouting and player development. Coaching career
Currently, Owings works for the Cincinnati Reds as a bench coach for the Billings Mustangs of the Pioneer League. References

External links

<mask>s scouting report from Dugout Central
<mask>s personal homepage

1982 births
Living people
Arizona Diamondbacks players
Arizona League Brewers players
Baseball players at the 2003 Pan American Games
Baseball players from Georgia (U.S. state)
Bourne Braves players
Cincinnati Reds players
Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets baseball players
Huntsville Stars players
Jacksonville Suns players
Lancaster JetHawks players
Louisville Bats players
Major League Baseball pitchers
Pan American Games medalists in baseball
Pan American Games silver medalists for the United States
People from Gainesville, Georgia
Reno Aces players
San Diego Padres players
Sportspeople from the Atlanta metropolitan area
Tennessee Smokies players
Tucson Padres players
Tucson Sidewinders players
Tulane Green Wave baseball players
Silver Slugger Award winners
Syracuse Chiefs players
United States national baseball team players
York Revolution players
Medalists at the 2003 Pan American Games

masks:
Micah Burton Owings
Owings
Micah Owings
Micah Owing
Micah Owing


title: Paul Scofield

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<mask>  (21 January 1922 – 19 March 2008) was an English actor. During a career that spanned seven decades, <mask> achieved the Triple Crown of Acting, winning an Academy Award, Emmy, and Tony for his work. He won the three awards in a seven-year span, the fastest of any performer to accomplish the feat. <mask> received Best Performance by a Leading Actor in a Play at the 1962 Tony Awards for portraying Sir Thomas More in the Broadway production of A Man for All Seasons. Four years later, he won the Academy Award for Best Actor when he reprised the role in the 1966 film adaptation, making him one of nine to receive a Tony and Academy Award for the same role. His Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Miniseries or a Movie was achieved for the 1969 television film Male of the Species. Preferring the stage to the screen and putting his family before his career, <mask> nonetheless established a reputation as one of the greatest Shakespearean performers.Among other accolades, his performance as Mark Van Doren in Quiz Show (1994) earned him an Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actor and he won Best Actor in a Supporting Role at the BAFTA Awards for portraying Thomas Danforth in The Crucible (1996). <mask> declined the honour of a knighthood, but was appointed CBE in 1956 and became a Companion of Honour in 2001. Early life
<mask> was born on 21 January 1922 in Edgbaston, Birmingham, Warwickshire, England, the son of Mary and Edward Harry <mask>. When Scofield was a few weeks old, his family moved to Hurstpierpoint, Sussex, where his father served as the headmaster at the Hurstpierpoint Church of England School. <mask> told his biographer, Garry O'Connor, that his upbringing was divided. His father was an Anglican and his mother a Roman Catholic. Baptised into his mother's faith, Scofield said, "some days we were little Protestants and, on others, we were all devout little Catholics."He added, "A lack of direction in spiritual matters is still with me." Scofield recalls, "I was a dunce at school. But at the age of twelve I went to Varndean School at Brighton where I discovered Shakespeare. They did one of his plays every year, and I lived just for that." In 1939, Scofield left school at the age of seventeen and began training at the Croydon Repertory Theatre. Shortly after the outbreak of the Second World War, <mask> arrived for a physical examination and was ruled unfit for service in the British Army. He later recalled, "They found I had crossed toes.I was unable to wear boots. I was deeply ashamed." Career
<mask> began his stage career in 1940 with a debut performance in American playwright Eugene O'Neill's Desire Under the Elms at the Westminster Theatre, and was soon being compared to Laurence Olivier. He played at the Old Rep in Birmingham. From there he went to the Shakespeare Memorial Theatre in Stratford, where he starred in Walter Nugent Monck's 1947 revival of Pericles, Prince of Tyre. In 1948, <mask> appeared as Hamlet at the Shakespeare Memorial Theatre in Stratford alongside a then unknown Claire Bloom as Ophelia. <mask>'s performance was so highly praised that it caused him to be dubbed, "The Hamlet of his generation."He was also Bassanio in The Merchant of Venice with Bloom as an Attendee. J.C. Trewin commented, "He is simply a timeless Hamlet... None could forget Scofield's pathos, the face folded in grief, at, 'When you are desirous to be blessed, I'll blessing beg of you.' We have known many correct, almost formal Hamlet's, aloof from Elsinore. Scofield was ever a prisoner within it's bounds: the world had many confines, wards, and dungeons, Denmark being one of the worst." John Harrison later recalled of Scofield's Hamlet, "'Get thee to a nunnery,' so often delivered with rage or scorn, he says so gently. You have visions of quiet and prayer. A future for Ophelia."In her later book, Leaving a Doll's House: A Memoir, Claire Bloom recalls that during the production she had a very serious crush on <mask>. As Scofield was happily married and the father of a son, Bloom hoped only "to be flirted with and taken some notice of." But <mask> never so much as glanced at Bloom or any of the other pretty actresses in the cast. Unusually, the production had two Hamlets: <mask> and Robert Helpmann took turns playing the title role. Bloom later recalled, "I could never make up my mind which of my two Hamlets I found the more devastating: the openly homosexual, charismatic Helpmann, or the charming, shy young man from Sussex." When asked about Bloom decades later, Scofield recalled, "Sixteen years old I think – so very young and necessarily inexperienced, she looked lovely, she acted with a daunting assurance which belied entirely her inexperience of almost timid reticence. She was a very good Ophelia."<mask>'s versatility at the height of his career is exemplified by his starring roles in theatrical productions as diverse as the musical Expresso Bongo (1958) and Peter Brook's celebrated production of King Lear (1962). In his memoir Threads of Time, Peter Brook wrote about <mask>'s versatility:
The door at the back of the set opened, and a small man entered. He was wearing a black suit, steel-rimmed glasses and holding a suitcase. For a moment we wondered who this stranger was and why he was wandering onto our stage. Then we realised that it was <mask>, transformed. His tall body had shrunk; he had become insignificant. The new character now possessed him entirely.In a career devoted chiefly to the classical theatre, Scofield starred in many Shakespeare plays and played the title role in Ben Jonson's Volpone in Peter Hall's production for the Royal National Theatre (1977). In a 1994 interview, Scofield explained, "One of the great strengths of the theatre is that it is ephemeral. It does exist only in what you remember and you can't check up on it afterwards and think, 'That's not as good as I remember.' If any performance I've ever given stays in someone's mind that's so much more exciting than being able to put it on the video and play it again. It's not that I don't want to take risks - the opposite is true, in fact. But the more you know about acting, the more you're aware of the pitfalls and the more nerve-racking it becomes. When I was young, I wasn't nervous at all.Even doing Hamlet, I just had a go." Highlights of <mask>'s career in modern theatre include the roles of Sir Thomas More in Robert Bolt's A Man for All Seasons (1960); Charles Dyer in Dyer's play Staircase, staged by the Royal Shakespeare Company in 1966; Laurie in John Osborne's A Hotel in Amsterdam (1968); and Antonio Salieri in the original stage production of Peter Shaffer's Amadeus (1979). He was subsequently the voice of the Dragon in another play by Robert Bolt, a children's drama The Thwarting of Baron Bolligrew. Expresso Bongo, Staircase and Amadeus were filmed with other actors, but Scofield starred in the screen versions of A Man for All Seasons (1966) and King Lear (1971). Other major screen roles include the art-obsessed Wehrmacht Colonel von Waldheim in The Train (1964), Strether in a 1977 TV adaptation of Henry James's novel The Ambassadors, Tobias in Edward Albee's A Delicate Balance (1973), Professor Moroi in the film of János Nyíri's If Winter Comes (1980), for BBC Television; poet Mark Van Doren in Robert Redford's film Quiz Show (1994), and Deputy Governor Thomas Danforth in Nicholas Hytner's film adaptation (1996) of Arthur Miller's The Crucible. <mask> was cast in the lead role of Sir Randolph Nettleby in the 1985 film The Shooting Party, but was forced to withdraw due to an injury he suffered on set. According to the DVD extras documentary for the film, Scofield and the other male lead actors were to come into shot on a horse-drawn shooting brake driven by the renowned film horse-master George Mossman as the first shot of the first day of filming.As they turned the first corner, the plank that Mossman was standing on broke in two and he was hurled forward and down, falling between the sets of wheels and taking the reins with him. He was struck by a horse's hoof and concussed. The horses shied and broke into a gallop. Actor Rupert Frazer admitted that he was the first to jump off, landing safely, but bruised. Out of control, the horses turned to the right when confronted by a stone wall, causing the shooting brake to roll completely, catapulting the actors into a pile of scaffolding that had been stacked next to the wall. Robert Hardy stood up and realised to his amazement that he was unhurt. He looked across to see Edward Fox stand up, "turn completely green and collapse in a heap", having broken five ribs and his shoulder blade.He noticed that <mask> was lying very still on the ground "and I saw that his shin-bone was sticking out through his trousers". As the film takes place in October during the partridge-shooting season, the filmmakers had to make a choice whether to delay filming for a year or re-cast. The Shooting Party schedule was ultimately changed to allow James Mason to take over the part of Sir Randolph Nettleby six weeks later. <mask>'s broken leg also deprived him of the part of O'Brien in Nineteen Eighty-Four, in which he was replaced by Richard Burton. Helen Mirren, who appeared with Scofield in the 1989 film When the Whales Came, said, "He aspires to the soul rather than the character. He has no sense of personal ambition. He's one of our great, great actors.We're lucky to have him." <mask> also portrayed the Ghost in Franco Zeffirelli's 1990 film adaptation of Hamlet alongside Mel Gibson in the title role. Gibson, who had grown up idolising Scofield, compared the experience of performing Shakespeare alongside him to being, "thrown into the ring with Mike Tyson". <mask> was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in the 1956 New Year Honours. He won the Academy Award for Best Actor for A Man for All Seasons and was nominated as Best Supporting Actor for Quiz Show. Theatrical accolades include a 1962 Tony Award for A Man for All Seasons. Honours and awards
In 1969, Scofield became the sixth performer to win the Triple Crown of Acting, winning an Emmy Award for Outstanding Single Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role for Male of the Species.He accomplished this in only seven years (1962–1969), which is still a record. He was also one of only nine actors to win both the Tony and the Oscar for the same role on stage and film, for A Man for All Seasons. <mask> declined the honour of a knighthood on three occasions, but was appointed CBE in 1956 and became a Companion of Honour in 2001. In 2002 he was awarded the honorary degree of D. Litt by the University of Oxford. When asked the reason for his decision to decline the knighthood, Scofield responded, "I have every respect for people who are offered [a knighthood] and accept it gratefully. It is just not an aspect of life that I would want." Gary O'Connor described being knighted as, "The kind of honour from which [Scofield] instinctively recoiled.Never the actor before the part he plays." In 2004, a poll of actors of the Royal Shakespeare Company, including Ian McKellen, Donald Sinden, Janet Suzman, Ian Richardson, Antony Sher and Corin Redgrave, acclaimed <mask>'s Lear as the greatest Shakespearean performance ever. Scofield appeared in many radio dramas for BBC Radio 4, including in later years plays by Peter Tinniswood: On the Train to Chemnitz (2001) and Anton in Eastbourne (2002). The latter was Tinniswood's last work and was written especially for Scofield, an admirer of Anton Chekhov. He was awarded the 2002 Sam Wanamaker Prize. Personal life

<mask> married actress Joy Mary Parker on 15 May 1943. They had met while he played Hamlet to her Ophelia.Scofield later said "Joy and I simply decided to be married. We were both of age and were determined. Any doubts from our families were overruled, and they were the usual ones – too young, etc. We had a week out at the end of The Moon Is Down tour, married during that week, and went straight into the Whitehall Theatre." <mask> and <mask> had two children: Martin (born 1945) who became a senior lecturer in English and American literature at the University of Kent and Sarah (born 1951). When asked by Garry O'Connor how he wished to be remembered, Scofield responded "If you have a family, that is how to be remembered." Filmmaker Michael Winner once described the Scofields as "one of the few very happily married couples I've ever met."<mask> died from leukaemia on 19 March 2008 at the age of 86 at the Royal Sussex County Hospital in Brighton, East Sussex, England. His memorial service was held at Westminster Abbey on the first anniversary of his death. His wife Joy died four years later on 7 November 2012, aged 90. Filmography

(For a slightly different, more exhaustive list, see this note.) Television

(for a different and more exhaustive list, see this note.) Discography
<mask> led the cast in several dramas issued by Caedmon Records:
King Lear, directed by Howard Sackler (Text edited by G.B. Harrison), with Pamela Brown (Goneril), Rachel Roberts (Regan), Ann Bell (Cordelia); Wallace Eaton (France), John Rogers (Burgundy), Trevor Martin (Cornwall), Michael Aldridge (Albany), Andrew Keir (Kent), Cyril Cusack (Gloucester), Robert Stephens (Edgar), John Stride (Edmund), Ronnie Stevens (Fool); Arthur Hewlett (Curan, Doctor), Ronald Ibbs (Gentleman, Knight), Willoughby Goddard (Oswald).Eight sides, SRS 233 (first published 1965). Hamlet, directed by Howard Sackler, (Unabridged), with Diana Wynyard (Queen), Roland Culver (Claudius), Donald Houston (Laertes), Zena Walker (Ophelia), Wilfrid Lawson. Eight sides, SRS 232 (first published 1963). A Midsummer Night's Dream, directed by Howard Sackler, with Barbara Jefford, Joy Parker, John Stride, etc. Six sides, SRS 208 (first published 1964). T.S. Eliot, The Family Reunion, with Flora Robson, Sybil Thorndike, Alan Webb.Six sides, TRS 308. Charles Dickens, A Christmas Carol, with Ralph Richardson as Scooge. <mask> only narrated. (Caedmon),

Also:
Homage to T.S. Eliot, with Laurence Olivier, John Le Mesurier, Cleo Laine, Bernard Cribbins, George Devine, Groucho Marx, Alec McGowen, Anna Quayle, Clive Revill, Ian Richardson, and Nicol Williamson (1965)
King Lear, with Harriet Walter (Goneril), Sara Kestelman (Regan), Emilia Fox (Cordelia), Alec McCowen (Gloucester), Kenneth Branagh (Fool), David Burke, Richard A. McCabe, Toby Stephens, etc. Released 2002 to coincide with <mask>'s 80th birthday. (Naxos Audiobooks, 3-CD set).Virgil, The Aeneid, <mask> (narrator), Jill Balcon and Toby Stephens (readers). (Naxos Audiobook CD). T.S. Eliot, The Waste Land and Four Quartets (BBC Radiobooks CD). Sandor Marai, Embers (Penguin Audiobooks) – Narrator
With David Suchet and Ron Moody, <mask> led the cast of a radio dramatization of the Narnia books by C.S. Lewis, which are available as CD issues. (Tynedale Entertainment) – Narrator
<mask> recorded abridged readings of Dickens's A Christmas Carol and Bleak House (Blackstone Audiobooks).Façade (Sitwell-Walton), performed by <mask> and Peggy Ashcroft, with London Sinfonietta conducted by William Walton. (Argo Records, 1972)
Don Quixote: The Musical, with Roy Hudd as Sancho Panza. Based on Purcell and D'Urfey's The Comical History of Don Quixote. Later released on CD. (Musica Oscura, 1994)
(For a more exhaustive list, see this note:)

References

External links

BBC News Interview-<mask>, A Man For All Seasons
Obituaries:
The Guardian, 20 March 2008
The Independent, 21 March 2008
The Times, 21 March 2008
The Daily Telegraph, 22 March 2008

1922 births
2008 deaths
20th-century English male actors
21st-century English male actors
Audiobook narrators
BAFTA Most Promising Newcomer to Leading Film Roles winners
Best Actor Academy Award winners
Best British Actor BAFTA Award winners
Best Supporting Actor BAFTA Award winners
Best Drama Actor Golden Globe (film) winners
Best Actor Bodil Award winners
Deaths from cancer in England
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
Deaths from leukemia
English male film actors
English male radio actors
English male Shakespearean actors
English male stage actors
English male television actors
English male voice actors
Members of the Order of the Companions of Honour
Outstanding Performance by a Lead Actor in a Miniseries or Movie Primetime Emmy Award winners
People from Balcombe, West Sussex
People from Hurstpierpoint
Royal Shakespeare Company members
Tony Award winners

masks:
David Paul Scofield
Scofield
Scofield
Scofield
Scofield
Paul Scofield
Scofield
Scofield
Scofield
Scofield
Scofield
Scofield
Scofield
Scofield
Scofield
Scofield
Scofield
Paul
Scofield
Scofield
Scofield
Scofield
Scofield
Scofield
Scofield
Scofield
Paul Scofield
Paul
Joy Scofield
Death Scofield
Paul Scofield
Scofield
Scofield
Paul Scofield
Scofield
Scofield
Paul Scofield
Paul Scofield


title: Red Holloway

texts:
James Wesley "<mask><mask> (May 31, 1927 – February 25, 2012) was an American jazz saxophonist. Biography
Born in Helena, Arkansas, <mask> started playing banjo and harmonica, switching to tenor saxophone when he was 12 years old. He graduated from DuSable High School in Chicago, where he had played in the school big band with Johnny Griffin and Eugene Wright, and went on to attend the city's Conservatory of Music. He joined the Army when he was 19 and became bandmaster for the U.S. Fifth Army Band, and after completing his military service returned to Chicago and played with Yusef Lateef and Dexter Gordon, among others. In 1948, he joined blues vocalist Roosevelt Sykes, and later played with other rhythm & blues musicians such as Willie Dixon, Junior Parker, and Lloyd Price. In the 1950s, he played in the Chicago area with Billie Holiday, Muddy Waters, Chuck Berry, Ben Webster, Jimmy Rushing, Arthur Prysock, Dakota Staton, Eddie "Cleanhead" Vinson, Wardell Gray, Sonny Rollins, <mask>, Lester Young, Joe Williams, <mask>, B.B. King, Bobby Bland, and Aretha Franklin.During this period, he also toured with Sonny Stitt, Memphis Slim and Lionel Hampton. He became a member of the house band for Chance Records in 1952. He subsequently appeared on many recording sessions for the Chicago-based independents Parrot, United and States, and Vee-Jay. From 1963 to 1966, he was in organist "Brother" Jack McDuff's band, which also featured guitarist George Benson, who was then at the start of his career. In 1974, <mask> recorded The Latest Edition with John Mayall and toured Europe, Japan, Australia and New Zealand. From 1977 to 1982, <mask> worked with Sonny Stitt, recording two albums together, and following Stitt's death, <mask> played and recorded with Clark Terry. <mask> died in Morro Bay, California, aged 84 of a stroke and kidney failure on February 25, 2012, one month after Etta James, with whom he had worked extensively.He was buried at Forest Lawn Memorial Park in the Hollywood Hills of Los Angeles. Discography

As leader/co-leader
 The Burner (Prestige, 1963) with Big John Patton, Eric Gale
 Cookin' Together (Prestige, 1964) with Jack McDuff, George Benson; reissued on CD as Brother Red in 1995. Sax, Strings & Soul (Prestige, 1964)
 Red Soul (Prestige, 1965) with Dr. Lonnie Smith, George Benson
 Forecast: Sonny & Red (Catalyst, 1976) with Sonny Stitt
 Partners (Catalyst, 1978) with Sonny Stitt
 Hittin' the Road Again (JAM [Jazz America Marketing], 1984) with Shuggie Otis
 Nica's Dream (Steeplechase, 1984) with Horace Parlan
 Red Holloway & Company (Concord, 1987) with Cedar Walton
 Locksmith Blues (Concord, 1989) with Clark Terry
 Live at the 1995 Floating Jazz Festival (Chiaroscuro, 1995 [rel. 1997]) with Harry "Sweets" Edison
 Grooveyard (JHM [JazzHausMusik, Germany] Records, 1996) with Matthias Bätzel Trio
 Day Dream (Tonewheel, 1997) with T.C. Pfeiler
 In the Red (HighNote, 1997) with Norman Simmons
 A Night of Blues & Ballads (JHM [JazzHausMusik, Germany] Records, 1998) with Matthias Bätzel Trio
 Standing Room Only (Chiaroscuro, 1998 [rel. 2000]) with Junior Mance, Phil Upchurch, O.C. Smith
 Keep That Groove Going!(Milestone, 2001) with Plas Johnson
 Coast to Coast (Milestone, 2003) with Dr. Lonnie Smith, Melvin Sparks
 Something Old, Something New (R/H [Red Holloway] Recording Company, 2007) with Sacha Boutros
 Go Red Go! (Delmark, 2008) with George Freeman, Henry Johnson, Chris Foreman, Greg Rockingham
 September Songs (Organic Music, 2009) with Bernhard Pichi Trio

Compilations
 The Best of <mask> Holloway & The Soul Organ Giants with Brother Jack McDuff & Lonnie Smith (Prestige, 1970) also with Big John Patton; contains two tracks from each album: The Burner (with Patton), Cookin' Together (with McDuff), Red Soul (with Smith). Legends of Acid Jazz: <mask> Holloway (Prestige, 1998) (compilation of The Burner + Red Soul)

As sideman
With Gene Ammons
Soul Summit Vol. 2 (Prestige, 1961-62 [rel. 1963]) with Etta Jones
Late Hour Special (Prestige, 1961-62 [rel. 1964])
Velvet Soul (Prestige, 1961-62 [rel. 1964])
Free Again (Prestige, 1972)
With George Benson
The New Boss Guitar of George Benson (Prestige, 1964) with Jack McDuff, Joe Dukes
With Freddy Cole
Live at Birdland West (LaserLight, 1992) with Jerry Byrd
With Joe Dukes
The Soulful Drums of Joe Dukes (Prestige, 1964) with Jack McDuff, George Benson
With Atle Hammer
Arizona Blues (Gemini Records, 1989)
With Etta James
12 Songs of Christmas (Private Music, 1998)
Heart of a Woman (Private Music, 1999)
Blue Gardenia (Private Music, 2001)
With Etta James and Eddie "Cleanhead" Vinson
Blues in the Night Volume One: The Early Show (Fantasy, 1986) with Jack McDuff, Shuggie Otis
The Late Show: Blues In The Night Volume 2 (Fantasy, 1987) with Jack McDuff, Shuggie Otis
With Junior Mance
The Floating Jazz Festival Trio [live] (Chiaroscuro, 1997, [rel.1999]) with Henry Johnson
With Wade Marcus
Metamorphosis (Impulse!, 1976)
With John Mayall
Ten Years Are Gone (Polydor, 1973)
The Latest Edition (Polydor, 1974)
With Jack McDuff
Brother Jack McDuff Live! (Prestige, 1963)
Brother Jack at the Jazz Workshop Live! (Prestige, 1963)
Prelude (Prestige, 1963)
The Dynamic Jack McDuff (Prestige, 1964)
The Concert McDuff (Prestige, 1964)
Silk and Soul (Prestige, 1965)
Hot Barbeque (Prestige, 1965)
Walk On By (Prestige, 1966)
Hallelujah Time! (Prestige, 1963-66 [rel. 1967])
The Midnight Sun (Prestige, 1963-66 [rel. 1967])
Soul Circle (Prestige, 1964-66 [rel. 1968])
I Got a Woman (Prestige, 1964-66 [rel.1969])
Steppin' Out (Prestige, 1961-66 [rel. 1969])
Tobacco Road (Atlantic, 1966)
Check This Out [live] (Cadet, 1972)
With Jimmy McGriff
The Dream Team (Milestone, 1997)
With Carmen McRae
Fine and Mellow: Live at Birdland West (Concord, 1987) with Jack McDuff, Phil Upchurch
With Knut Riisnæs
Confessin' the Blues (Gemini Records, 1989 [rel. 1991])
The Gemini Twins (Gemini Records, 1992)
With Horace Silver
It's Got to Be Funky (Columbia, 1993)
Pencil Packin' Papa (Columbia, 1994)
With Clark Terry
Squeeze Me! (Chiaroscuro, 1989 [rel. 1991])
Top and Bottom: Live at the 1995 Floating Jazz Festival (Chiaroscuro, 1997)
With Joe Williams
Nothin' but the Blues (Delos, 1983) -with Eddie "Cleanhead" Vinson, Jack McDuff, Phil Upchurch

References

External links
<mask> Interview - NAMM Oral History Library (2006)

1927 births
2012 deaths
Soul-jazz saxophonists
People from Helena, Arkansas
Musicians from Arkansas
American saxophonists
American male saxophonists
Prestige Records artists
Fantasy Records artists
SteepleChase Records artists
Milestone Records artists
HighNote Records artists
Gemini Records artists
Burials at Forest Lawn Memorial Park (Hollywood Hills)
Military personnel from Arkansas
United States Army Band musicians
Male jazz musicians
The Capp-Pierce Juggernaut members
Statesmen of Jazz members

masks:
Red
" Holloway
Holloway
Red Rodney
Redd Foxx
Holloway
Holloway
Holloway
Red Holloway
Red
Red
Red Holloway


title: Juan Ruiz de Alarcón

texts:
<mask> (c. 1581 - 4 August 1639) was a New Spain-born Spanish writer of the Golden Age who cultivated different  variants of dramaturgy. His works include the comedy La verdad sospechosa (es), which is considered a masterpiece of Latin American Baroque theater. Family
<mask> was born in Real de Taxco, later named Taxco de Alarcón in his honour. His family was of old Asturian nobility. The name <mask> had been given to his ancestor <mask> by Alfonso VIII of Castile after he had successfully driven the Moors from the fortress of Alarcón near Cuenca in 1177. <mask>'s maternal grandparents Hernando and <mask> were among the first Spaniards to arrive in Mexico in 1535, when they established themselves in Taxco. Their daughter <mask> married <mask> who was described as an hidalgo.<mask> <mask> had four brothers: <mask> <mask>, who was rector at the College of Saint John Lateran, Hernando <mask> <mask> who was a priest and is known for having written a treatise documenting the non-Christian religious practices of the Nahua Indians of central Mexico, Gaspar and García, about whom little is known. Life

<mask> <mask> was born about 1581 at Real de Taxco, New Spain, where his father was superintendent of mines; his mother was descended from one of Spain's most illustrious families, the Mendozas. He was small of stature  and suffered from hunchbackedness. Besides,  his  red haired complexion made him an occasional object of  scorn, since some sectors of the conservative  catholic society   in which he later  lived  held the prejudice that  Judas Iscariot was a redhead himself. Because of this, his critics often ridiculed his appearance rather than his works. He went to Spain in 1600, where he studied law at the University of Salamanca. He continued his studies towards a Licentiate in Law—roughly equivalent to a modern master's degree—which he finished in 1605, without, however, taking the degree.Instead, he practiced law for a while in Seville, then in 1608 went back to Mexico, and in 1609 received the licentiate from the University of Mexico. He completed his studies for his doctorate fairly soon thereafter, but never received the degree, in all likelihood because of the rather substantial costs attached to the ceremony. He worked as a legal adviser for a while, as an advocate, and as an interim investigating judge, all the while trying repeatedly and unsuccessfully to gain a teaching chair at the University. Returning to Spain about 1611, he entered the household of the marquis de Salinas, and began a frustrating life of job-seeking at court. At the same time, purely as a way of making money apparently, he threw himself into the heady literary and theatrical life of the capital, eventually having a number of his plays performed. His first play, El semejante de sí mismo was unsuccessful, yet it attracted attention to him. By some, he was ridiculed and criticized; from others he obtained support.For ten years, he pursued this double life, until he finally secured first an interim and then a permanent appointment to the Royal Council of the Indies (1626) — rather like an appeals court for Spanish colonies in America. Apparently, when political success came, he all but stopped his literary efforts—although he did have two volumes of his plays published (in 1628 and 1634), perhaps because some of them had been pirated and previously published with false attributions to his theatrical rival Félix Lope <mask>. After thirteen years of legal service to the crown, he died at Madrid in 1639. Literary career and importance

<mask> was the least prolific of all the great dramatists of Spain and is one of the very few Spanish-Americans among the great dramatists of the Siglo de Oro. He wrote less than did others, and many of his works circulated under their names. He took pains to mull over his plays and polish both their versification and their general composition. Fitzmaurice-Kelly said of Alarcón: "There are Spanish dramatists greater than <mask> <mask>: there is none whose work is of such even excellence"

He is the author of approximately twenty-five plays.Twenty of them were published by the playwright in two volumes. The first, from 1628, contains eight plays (Los favores del mundo, La industria y la suerte, Las paredes oyen, El semejante a sí mismo, La cueva de Salamanca, Mudarse por mejorarse, Todo es ventura and El desdichado en fingir); and the second volume from 1634 consists of twelve plays (Los empeños de un engaño, El dueño de las estrellas, La amistad castigada, La manganilla de Melilla, Ganar amigos, La verdad sospechosa, El anticristo, El tejedor de Segovia, La prueba de las promesas, Los pechos privilegiados, La crueldad por el honor and El examen de maridos). Other plays were published in collections. These include: Quien mal anda mal acaba, No hay mal que por bien no venga and La culpa busca la pena, y el agravio la venganza. He is also the author of a play written in collaboration, Algunas hazañas de las muchas de don García Hurtado de Mendoza (1622). The most famous of his plays is La verdad sospechosa, (published in 1634). The first great French comedy in modern French literature, Corneille's Le menteur (The Liar), was confessedly modeled after it.Las paredes oyen (Walls have Ears) is often seen as a companion-piece since both plays deal with mendacity. His plays can be divided into at least three distinct categories: social comedies, political dramas and plays that dramatize astrology, magic and other occult practices. Among the political plays, El dueño de las estrellas stands out as a stunning tragedy, dealing with Lycurgus, the Spartan lawgiver. Although the oracle had predicted that he would either kill a king or be killed by one, when faced with the dilemma he commits suicide thus overcoming the power of the stars. A second political play, La amistad castigada, is unusual because the king is deposed at the end. The magic plays include astonishing instances of the occult at a time when such practices were frowned upon. See, for example, La cueva de Salamanca and La prueba de las promesas.Quien mal anda, mal acaba may be the first Spanish play that dramatizes a pact with the devil. Indeed, even in social comedies such as Las paredes oyen we can encounter extensive astrological allusions. Embittered by his deformity, <mask> was constantly engaged in personal quarrels with his rivals; but his attitude in these polemics is always dignified, and his crushing retort to Lope <mask> in Los pechos privilegiados is an unsurpassed example of cold, scornful invective. More than any other Spanish dramatist, <mask> was preoccupied with ethical aims, and his gift of dramatic presentation is as brilliant as his dialogue is natural and vivacious. It has been alleged that his non-Spanish origin is noticeable in his plays, and there is some foundation for the observation; but his workmanship is exceptionally conscientious, and in El Tejedor de Segovia he produced a masterpiece of national art, national sentiment and national expression. Epigrama XXIX
Sonero dedicado al mismo asunto que el anterior
Sátira contra don <mask> Quevedo
El licenciado don <mask> <mask> y Mendoza, Relator del Consejo de las Indias. Al autor.Décimas

Notes

References
 Castro Leal, Antonio. <mask> <mask>. Su vida y su obra. México: Cuadernos Americanos, 1943. Cull, John T. "Some Stylistic Hallmarks in the Dramatic Works of <mask> <mask>." Bulletin of the Comediantes 68, no. 1 (2016): 39-64.De Armas, <mask>., "El sol sale a medianoche: amor y astrología en Las paredes oyen", Criticón 59 (1993): 119-26. Fitzmaurice-Kelly, James. A History of Spanish Literature. New York: Appleton and Company, 1900. Foley, Augusta E. Occult Arts and Doctrine in the Theater of <mask> <mask>. Geneva: Droz, 1972. Garza Cuarón, Beatriz, Historia de la literatura mexicana: desde sus orígenes hasta nuestros días, vol.2, México, Siglo XXI, 1996. Halpern, Cynthia. The Political Theater of Early Seventeenth-Century Spain with Special Reference to <mask> <mask>. New York: Peter    Lang, 1993
 Josa, Lola, El arte dramático de <mask> <mask>ón. Kassel: Reichenberger, 2003. King, Willard F. <mask> <mask>ón: letrado y dramaturgo. Mexico City: Colegio de México, 1989.Parr, James A. Critical Essays on the Life and Work of <mask> <mask>. Madrid: Dos Continentes, 1972. Parr, James A. "On Fate, Suicide, and Free Will in Alarcón's El dueño de las estrellas,"  Hispanic Review 42 (1974): 199-207. Parr, James A. “Virtus, Honor, Noblesse Oblige: La verdad sospechosa and Las paredes oyen as Companion Pieces,” After Its Kind.Approaches to the Comedia, eds. Matthew D. Stroud, Anne M.Pasero y Amy R. Williamsen, Kassel, Reichenberger, 1991: 22-36. Perry, Charles E. "The Question of Means and Magic in Alarcón's La prueba de las promesas," Bulletin of the Comediantes 27 (1975): 14-19. Schons, Dorothy, Apuntes y documentos nuevos para la biografía de <mask> <mask> y Mendoza (Chicago: 1929. Private edition)
 Whicker, Jules. The Plays of <mask> <mask>ón. London: Tamesis, 2003.Attribution

External links

1580s births
1639 deaths
17th-century Spanish dramatists and playwrights
Writers from Guerrero
People from Taxco
Spanish male dramatists and playwrights
Mexican dramatists and playwrights
Mexican people of Asturian descent
University of Salamanca alumni
17th-century male writers
Baroque writers

masks:
Juan Ruiz de Alarcón
Juan Ruiz de Alarcón
Alarcón
Ferren Martínez de Ceballos
Juán Ruiz de Alarcón
María de Mendoza
Leonor de Mendoza
Pedro Ruiz de Alcón
Juan Ruiz
de Alarcón
Pedro Ruiz
de Alarcón
Ruiz de
Alarcón
Juan Ruiz
de Alarcón
de Vega
Alarcón
Ruiz de
Alarcón
Alarcón
de Vega
Alarcón
Francisco de
Juan Ruiz
de Alarcón
Juan Ruiz
de Alarcón
Juan Ruiz
de Alarcón
Frederick A
Juan Ruiz
de Alcón
Juan Ruiz
de Alarcón
Juan Ruiz
de Alarc
Juan Ruiz
de Alc
Juan Ruiz
de Alarcón
Juan Ruiz
de Alarcón
Juan Ruiz
de Alarc