title: Alex Suarez (musician)

texts:
<mask> (born April 6, 1981) is an American musician, producer, songwriter, DJ, remixer and mixing engineer. He was best known for his work as the bass player and additional keyboardist, co-producer, mixer and backup vocalist for Cobra Starship until his departure in 2014. He is also the co-founder of This is Ivy League, a band created with fellow Cobra Starship member and high school best friend Ryland Blackinton and now pursues a producer/DJ project as LEFTI. Early life
<mask> was born in Stamford, Connecticut but moved to Boca Raton, Florida when he was young. He was heavily influenced by his older brothers who were into 1980s hair metal and grew up listening to bands from Metallica to Iron Maiden, which inspired him to start playing guitar. During his final years of high school, <mask> founded and provided vocals, drums, bass and guitar for popular Florida band Kite Flying Society. He attended Olympic Heights Community High School where he met friend Ryland Blackinton in 1997, bonding over the fact they were both avid guitar players and both played in local bands with varying degrees of accolade.Suarez got Ryland a job waiting tables at "Mr. Deli's Jewish Delicatessan," in Boca Raton. A few years later, <mask> went off to pursue a degree in the culinary arts while Ryland procured his BFA in Acting. The two lost touch for several years. Suarez chose to bank on a future as a chef. His interest in the kitchen took root his freshman year of High School when he had the limited choice between registering for either Food Production or Sewing. He chose the former and became instantly hooked, sticking with it all four years of high school and capitalized on the school's work program, which allowed students to work in their chosen field in exchange for class credit. He was the only student to complete all four years of Food Production courses.Since he had already decided to attend the Florida Culinary Institute in West Palm Beach. Post-culinary school, he continued his path and landed a couple Sous Chef positions at local restaurants in Winter Park, FL before starting a catering business with a few friends in Orlando - Thyme to Dine - specializing in wine and food pairings. Musical career

Kite Flying Society
This was the first touring project Suarez was part of. Starting in a garage in 1999, the band starting playing local shows. A constant rotation of band members, Kite Flying Society continued with root members <mask> and Rick Barnocky until the end in 2004. They released two EPs and one Discography. Their first EP was released on Goodbye Blue Skies Records, second EP on Twenty Seven Records and the final discography CD on indie label Init Records They did a few East Coast tours and one that brought them to the Midwest.The band ended after Suarez took a break from the constant rotation of changing members to pursue a restaurant career opportunity in South Florida, which fell apart and later brought him to New York to continue pursuing music. This Is Ivy League
<mask> decided to move to Brooklyn after Thyme to Dine ran its course and took a job as a delivery person at Whole Foods Market to save up enough money for his relocation. Two months after living in NY, he reconnected with former high school friend Ryland Blackinton, who was living only ten minutes away. After catching up over lunch and learning that each was writing some music, the duo formed This is Ivy League, an indie pop/folk band that often draws comparisons to Simon & Garfunkel and Belle & Sebastian. Just as This is Ivy League started to take flight, <mask> and Blackinton were presented with a contrasting opportunity from Suarez's neighbor at the time, Midtown drummer Rob Hitt to join Cobra Starship. Cobra Starship

<mask> was approached to join Gabe Saporta's newly formed band Cobra Starship before the release of the hit song, "Snakes on a Plane (Bring it)". <mask> and Ryland initially turned down the offer, preferring to stay as Ivy League.The song was featured on the soundtrack for the film Snakes on a Plane and the band was offered a record deal from Pete Wentz's Fueled By Ramen Records imprint, Decaydance. <mask> and Ryland eventually accepted and has contributed to four full-length albums and completed several international tours with Cobra Starship since. On October 21, 2014, both <mask> and Ryland left the band to pursue their own separate careers as record producers/songwriters. They had been replaced for a short period before Cobra Starship was officially ended by frontman Gabe Saporta. LEFTI
LEFTI is a project by producer <mask>, which threads between Disco, House and Funk. He released his first single "Castle" on Laid-back Luke's record label Mix Mash), followed by his debut EP "Somebody", which attributed to the commercial viability of his brand. LEFTI then released eight individual songs spread out across 2017 including singles "City Heart" and "Eyes Tied Together".In 2019, “Every Time" feat. Spencer Ludwig kicked off LEFTI's D I S C O T E C A EP, described by Dancing Astronaut as an “electro-funk heater”, which garnered the attention of major music blogs and Spotify playlists. D I S C O T E C A released soon after on the new Brooklyn disco imprint Toucan Sounds, gaining support from worldwide DJs including Matisse & Sadko, Jonas Blue, Hardwell, Disclosure, Anna Lunoe, Don Diablo, and Claptone. During this three-year span LEFTI also remixed acts ranging from Galantis, Lorde, Weezer, Gallant, CID, Big Data and ASTR. His recent television/movie placements include - Vox Lux (a Natalie Portman film scored by Scott Walker and Sia), The Miracle Season, Disobedience, Set It Up and Midnight Sun, Girlfriends Guide To Divorce, ESPN (live event), Showtimes "Dice", Bloodline, General Hospital, East Siders (two episodes), Vanderpump Rules and MacGyver. Along with these placements, LEFTI landed a few commercial spots including SoundCloud, W Hotels and Hulu. References

1981 births
Living people
Record producers from Connecticut
Songwriters from Connecticut
American DJs
American rock bass guitarists
American male bass guitarists
Cobra Starship members
21st-century American bass guitarists
21st-century American male musicians
American male songwriters

masks:
Alex Suarez
Alex Suarez
Suarez
Suarez
Alex Suarez
Suarez
Suarez
Suarez
Alex
Suarez
Suarez
Alex Suarez


title: August Hermann Francke

type: original

texts:
<mask> (; 22 March 1663 – 8 June 1727) was a German Lutheran clergyman, theologian, philanthropist, and Biblical scholar. Biography
Born in Lübeck, <mask> was educated at the Illustrious Gymnasium in Gotha before he studied at the universities of Erfurt and Kiel — where he came under the influence of the pietist Christian Kortholt — and finally Leipzig. During his student career he made a special study of Hebrew and Greek; and in order to learn Hebrew more thoroughly, he for some time put himself under the instructions of Ezra Edzardi at Hamburg. He graduated at Leipzig, where in 1685 he became a Privatdozent. A year later, by the help of his friend P. Anton, and with the approval and encouragement of Philipp Jakob Spener, he founded the Collegium Philobiblicum, at which a number of graduates met regularly for the systematic study of the Bible, philologically and practically. He next spent some months at Lüneburg as assistant or curate to the learned superintendent, K. H. Sandhagen, and there his religious beliefs deepened. On leaving Lüneburg he spent some time in Hamburg, where he became a teacher in a private school, and made the acquaintance of Nikolaus Lange.After a long visit to Spener, at that time a court preacher in Dresden, <mask> returned to Leipzig in the spring of 1689, and began to give Bible lectures of an exegetical and practical kind, at the same time resuming the Collegium Philobiblicum of earlier days. He soon became popular as a lecturer; but the peculiarities of his teaching almost immediately aroused a violent opposition on the part of the university authorities; and before the end of the year he was interdicted from lecturing on the ground of his alleged pietism. That was how <mask>'s name first came to be publicly associated with that of Spener, and with pietism. Prohibited from lecturing in Leipzig, <mask> in 1690 found work at Erfurt as "deacon" of one of the city churches. Here his evangelistic fervour attracted multitudes to his preaching, including Roman Catholics, but at the same time excited the anger of his opponents; and the result of their opposition was that after a ministry of fifteen months he was commanded by the civil authorities (27 September 1691) to leave Erfurt within forty-eight hours. That same year Spener was expelled from Dresden. In December, through Spener's influence, <mask> accepted an invitation to fill the chair of Greek and oriental languages in the new University of Halle, which was at that time being organized by the elector Frederick III of Brandenburg; and at the same time, the chair having no salary attached to it, he was appointed pastor of Glaucha in the immediate neighbourhood of the town.He afterwards became professor of theology. Here, for the remaining thirty-six years of his life, he discharged the twofold office of pastor and professor with energy and success. At the very outset of his labours, he had been profoundly impressed with a sense of his responsibility towards the numerous outcast children who were growing up around him in ignorance and crime. After a number of tentative plans, he resolved in 1695 to institute what is often called a "ragged school," supported by public charity. A single room was at first sufficient, but within a year it was found necessary to purchase a house, to which another was added in 1697. In 1698, there were 100 orphans under his charge to be clothed and fed, besides 500 children who were taught as day scholars. The schools grew in importance and were later known as the Franckesche Stiftungen.The education given was strictly religious. Hebrew was included, while the Greek and Latin classics were neglected; the Homilies of Macarius took the place of Thucydides. A chemist, whom Francke had visited on his deathbed, bequeathed to him the recipe for compounding certain medicines, which afterwards yielded an annual income of more than $20,000, and made the institution independent. Shortly after its founding, the institution comprised an orphan asylum, a Latin school, a German (or burgher) school, and a seminary for training teachers for these establishments. Although <mask>'s principal aim was religious instruction, he also taught natural science and physical exercises and manual trades. He ran an apothecary's shop and, having assisted his friend Carl Hildebrand von Canstein in founding the first modern Bible society, a printing press for publishing cheap copies of the Bible for mass distribution. At the time of <mask>'s death, the schools were frequented by more than 2,300 pupils.<mask>'s schools provided a prototype which greatly influenced later German education. In his university teaching as well, he gave great emphasis to religion. Even as professor of Greek, he had given great prominence in his lectures to the study of the Scriptures; but he found a much more congenial sphere when, in 1698, he was appointed to the chair of theology. Yet his first courses of lectures in that department were readings and expositions of the Old and New Testament; and to this, as also to hermeneutics, he always attached special importance, believing that for theology a sound exegesis was the one indispensable requisite. "Theologus nascitur in scripturis," he used to say; but during his occupancy of the theological chair he lectured at various times upon other branches of theology also. Amongst his colleagues were Paul Anton, Joachim J. Breithaupt,  Joachim Lange and Johann Juncker—men who shared his beliefs. Through their influence upon the students, Halle became a centre from which pietism became very widely diffused over Germany.Under <mask>'s influence, Christian missionary efforts were greatly enhanced, zeal was aroused and recruits for Christian missions were gained, and Halle also became the centre for Danish-Halle Mission to India. Works
<mask>'s principal contributions to theological literature were:  (1693);  (1717);  (1724); and  (1726-1736). The Manuductio was translated into English in 1813, under the title A Guide to the Reading and Study of the Holy Scriptures. An account of his orphanage, entitled , (1709), which subsequently passed through several editions, has also been partially translated, under the title The Footsteps of Divine Providence, or, The Bountiful Hand of Heaven Defraying the Expenses of Faith. Francke, <mask> (1704): <mask> Franckes Schrift über eine Reform des Erziehungs- und Bildungswesens als Ausgangspunkt einer geistlichen und sozialen Neuordnung der Evangelischen Kirche des 18. Jahrhunderts: der Grosse Aufsatz. Mit einer quellenkundlichen Einführung.Hrsg. v. Otto Podczeck. Berlin. Akademie 1962. Notes

References

 . Brigitte Klosterberg: "The “Mission Archives” in the Archives of the Francke Foundations in Halle." in: MIDA Archival Reflexicon (2020), ISSN 2628-5029, 9 pp.Attribution

Further reading
Sattler, Gary R. (1982). God's Glory, Neighbor's Good: A brief introduction to the life and writings of <mask> <mask>. Chicago: Covenant Press. .
Yoder, Peter James (2021). Pietism and the Sacraments: The Life and Theology of <mask> <mask>. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. . External links

 <mask> Francke Christ the sum and substance of all the Holy Scriptures, in the Old and New Testament Published 1732
 <mask> Francke Nicodemus, or, A treatise against the fear of man Published 1831
<mask> Francke A guide to the reading and study of the Holy Scriptures Published 1823
Heinrich Ernst Ferdinand Guericke, 1803-1878 Life of <mask> Franke Published 1847
Memoirs of <mask> Francke by American Sunday-School Union 1831

1663 births
1727 deaths
Clergy from Lübeck
German Lutheran theologians
17th-century Latin-language writers
18th-century Latin-language writers
18th-century German male writers
17th-century Lutherans
18th-century Lutherans
Christian Hebraists
People from the Duchy of Magdeburg
18th-century German Protestant theologians
German male non-fiction writers
Georgia Salzburgers

masks:
August Hermann Francke
Francke
Francke
Francke
Francke
Francke
Francke
Francke
Francke
Francke
Francke
August Hermann
August Hermann
August Hermann
Francke
August Hermann
Francke
Augustus Hermann
Augustus Hermann
Augustus Hermann
Augustus Herman
Augustus Hermann


title: Angus Montagu, 12th Duke of Manchester

texts:
<mask>, 12th Duke of Manchester (Kimbolton Castle, 9 October 1938 – 25 July 2002), was a British hereditary peer. He inherited the Dukedom of Manchester in 1985 and was a member of the House of Lords until the House of Lords Act 1999. Until he inherited the dukedom, he was known by the courtesy title of <mask>. <mask> grew up in Britain, Ceylon and Kenya. After serving in the Royal Marines, he lived for some years in Australia from 1959 and had a number of jobs. He returned to England in the late 1960s. During middle age, he suffered from financial hardship and fell victim to a number of confidence tricks for which he took the blame.He was known for his friendly and outgoing personality, and his few speeches in the House of Lords were viewed positively. Early life
Lord <mask> was born on 9 October 1938 in the family seat of Kimbolton Castle near Bedford, the younger son of Viscount Mandeville, who in February 1947 became Duke of Manchester, by his marriage to Nell Vere Stead. His older brother was the future Sidney Montagu, 11th Duke of Manchester. Their parents moved frequently during their childhood, including spending time in Singapore and Ceylon, with a period of living in a convent in the latter. Lord <mask> did not enjoy his time there, later saying the nuns "weren't very pleasant people". In 1950, Lord <mask> joined his father, the 10th Duke, in Kenya for a short period after Kimbolton was sold. He had a good relationship with his mother, who enjoyed looking after young children, and was spoiled as a result.He attended the local school in Kenya, but was bullied and stopped going, and consequently had no regular formal education until he was eleven. He was later educated as a boarder at Trearddur House, Trearddur Bay, Anglesey, a prep school, and Gordonstoun School, Moray, Scotland, returning to Kenya each summer to spend time with his family. He left school in 1956 without any qualifications and began service in the Royal Marines, joining HMS Loch Fyne in January 1957. He was the only public-school educated man on the ship and did not get on well with his fellow recruits. Upon discharge, Lord <mask> had jobs in the oil industry and in tourist-related activities across the United States. He moved to Australia in 1959 and was variously employed as a clothes salesman, a barman, and a crocodile wrestler. He later spent time in Canada and by 1968 had moved into a single room in Bedford, England, near Kimbolton.The 10th Duke's business ventures in Kenya failed, reducing the family fortune from millions to £70,000 by time of his death in 1977. Becoming Duke of Manchester
On 3 June 1985, Lord <mask>'s older brother, the 11th Duke, who had no children, died suddenly in the United States, so that he inherited his titles and seat in the House of Lords, but little else. He had had a fraught relationship with his elder brother, whose remaining property passed to his widow, Andrea, Duchess of Manchester. On her death in 1996, she left everything she had to her eldest child, the 11th Duke's stepson. As a hereditary peer, the new Duke was able to take a seat in the Lords, but he did not make his maiden speech there until 25 November 1991, in a debate on the European Union. The speech was only three minutes long; it was praised for its brevity and succinctness by other peers, including Viscount Tonypandy. The Duke also raised questions about redundancies in the Armed Forces with the Leader of the House of Lords, Viscount Cranborne.Criminal charges
By the 1980s, Lord <mask> had little money and no profession, and his warm personality made him vulnerable to fraudsters and confidence tricksters. In 1985, Lord <mask> was arrested for conspiracy to commit fraud against the National Westminster Bank (NatWest) for £38,000. He inherited the title of Duke of Manchester while awaiting trial. He was acquitted, after the trial judge had found him to lack the competence and intelligence to conduct and organise such a raid and considered he had been set up by others to take the blame. In the judge's words, "on a business scale of one to ten, the Duke is one or less, and even that flatters him". In 1991, the Duke became honorary chairman of the Tampa Bay Lightning ice hockey team, pledging to raise $25 million. He was also chairman of a holding company based in Dublin, Link International, which was responsible for raising the money.The company failed, unable to pay significant debts, and in 1996 the Duke was convicted of fraud. At the trial, his defence lawyer argued that he was the victim of a confidence trick by a business partner, and that the Duke had been made use of because of his gullibility, vanity, and foolishness. He was jailed for 33 months and served 28, following which he was deported back to Britain. Other work
The Duke was good friends with celebrity photographer Allan Warren. Together, they established the Duke's Trust, a charity for children in need. Towards the end of his life, the Duke set up the company Unique Tours, to show American tourists places such as Stratford Upon Avon. He found that customers liked meeting a genuine English peer.Family

<mask> was married four times:
 On 22 November 1961 in Geelong, County of Grant, Victoria, Australia, he married Mary Eveleen McClure (1937/1938), a newspaper columnist, daughter of Walter Gillespie McClure, who had been a director of General Motors Holden, and Beatrice Evelyn Stinton. They had three children (see below). <mask> and Mary were separated in 1965 and divorced in 1970; she continued to style herself Duchess of Manchester. <mask> walked out on Mary days after the latter birth, and did not have a proper relationship with his daughter Emma until 20 years later, when he regained contact with her and her brother Kimble. <mask> remained distant from Alexander, and attempted to bar him from inheriting the title of Duke of Manchester. Emma briefly lived with <mask> in his Bedford flat in the early 1990s. Issue from the first marriage:
 (1) Lord Alexander Charles David Drogo Montagu (born 1962)
 (2) Lord Kimble William Drogo Montagu (born October 1964)
 (3) Lady Emma Montagu (September 1965 – 29 April 2014)
 On 5 March 1971, <mask> married Diane Pauline Plimsaul of Wimborne, Dorset, daughter of Arthur Plimsaul of Corfe Mullen.They were divorced in 1985, after Montagu had inherited the dukedom, and his second wife is now Diane, Duchess of Manchester. On 27 January 1989, Manchester married Anne-Louise Taylor (known as Louise), formerly Mrs Bird, daughter of Dr. Alfred Butler Taylor of Cawthorne, Yorkshire. They were divorced in 1998, following his incarceration. She is now Anne-Louise, Duchess of Manchester. At the time of the Duke's death, he was attempting to reconcile with Louise. On 22 April 2000, at the Swedish Church, Mayfair, in London, the Duke of Manchester married the former fashion model Biba Hiller (born Jennians on 3 February 1942), but they were divorced the following year. Biba, Duchess of Manchester, died of cancer aged 61 on 11 October 2003.<mask> had been a close friend with Jane Probyn (now Jane Bishop) and they were briefly informally engaged around 1960. They remained friends for the rest of his life. Death
The Duke died of a heart attack at home on 25 July 2002, aged 63. At the time of his death, his estate had a net deficiency, and he weighed over . His funeral took place at Bedford Crematorium on 5 August, with his children Kimble and Emma, and ex-wives Diane and Louise in attendance. The House of Lords Act 1999 largely abolished the rights of hereditary peers to sit in the House of Lords with some limited exceptions; the <mask> of <mask> was not among them. He was succeeded by his eldest son, Alexander.References
Notes

Citations

Sources

External links

1938 births
2002 deaths
English fraudsters
English philanthropists
<mask>, 12th Duke of Manchester
Angus
British people imprisoned abroad
20th-century Royal Marines personnel
People educated at Gordonstoun
20th-century English criminals
20th-century English businesspeople

masks:
Angus Charles Drogo Montagu
Lord Angus Montagu
Angus
Angus Montagu
Angus
Angus
Angus
Angus
Angus
Angus
Angus Montagu
Angus
Angus
Angus
Angus
Angus
Angus
Duke
Manchester
Angus Montagu


title: John Dunstaple

texts:
<mask> (or Dunstable,  – 24 December 1453) was an English composer who was the leading composer of 15th century England and among the most influential composers of his time. He developed the contenance angloise style ("English manner"), which pioneered the prominent use of harmonies with thirds and sixths. Crucial in the developing style of the Burgundian School, <mask>'s music spans the transition from the medieval to the Renaissance periods. His reputation eclipsed that of his contemporary Leonel Power and the other contributors to the Old Hall Manuscript. The contenance angloise style was continued by <mask> and Walter Frye after his death. Name
The spelling "Dunstaple" is preferred by Margaret Bent, since it occurs in more than twice as many musical attributions as that of "Dunstable". The few English musical sources are equally divided between "b" and "p"; however, the contemporary non-musical sources, including those with a claim to a direct association with the composer, spell his name with a "p." Both spellings remain in common usage.Life

<mask> was probably born in Dunstable, Bedfordshire. His birth date is a conjecture based on his earliest surviving works (from around 1410–1420) which imply a birth date of around 1390. Many of the details of his life are conjectural. Nothing is known of his musical training and background. He was clearly a highly educated man, though there is no record of an association with either Oxford or Cambridge universities. He is widely held to have been in the royal service of <mask> of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, the fourth son of Henry IV and brother of Henry V. As such he may have stayed in France for some time, since the duke was Regent of France from 1423 to 1429, and then Governor of Normandy from 1429 to his death in 1435. He owned property in Normandy, and also in Cambridgeshire, Essex and London, according to tax records of 1436.After the death in 1437 of another patron, the Dowager Queen Joan, he evidently was in the service of Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, the fifth son of Henry IV. Unlike many composers of the time, he was probably not a cleric, though there are links with St Albans Abbey (see below); he was probably married, based on the record of women sharing his name in his parish, and he also owned a manor in Hertfordshire. In addition to his work as a composer, he had a contemporary reputation as an astronomer, astrologer, and mathematician (for example, a volume in the Bodleian Library, largely in the hand of William Worcester, acknowledges that certain information within it had been copied from Dunstaple's writings). Some of his astrological works have survived in manuscript, possibly in his own hand. Dunstaple's connections with St Albans Abbey are at least twofold:
the abbot <mask>e is associated with the Duke of Gloucester (who was buried at St Albans following his death in 1447), and Dunstaple's isorhythmic motet Albanus roseo rutilat, possibly with some of the Latin words adapted by Whethamstede from an older poem, was clearly written for St Albans, possibly for a visit to the abbey by the Duke of Bedford in 1426. Whethamstede's plan for a magnificent library for the abbey in 1452–53 included a set of twelve stained glass windows devoted to the various branches of learning. Dunstaple is clearly, if indirectly, referred to in some of the verses the abbot composed for each window, not only music but also astronomy, medicine, and astrology.He died on Christmas Eve 1453, as recorded in his epitaph, which was in the church of St Stephen Walbrook in London (until it was destroyed in the Great Fire of 1666). This was also his burial place. The epitaph—stating that he had "secret knowledge of the stars"—had been recorded in the early 17th century, and was reinstated in the church in 1904. Compositions
The musical output of medieval England was prodigious, yet almost all music manuscripts were destroyed during the English Reformation, particularly as a result of the Dissolution of the Monasteries in 1536–1540. As a result, most of <mask>'s work has had to be recovered from continental sources (predominantly those from northern Italy and the southern Alps). Because numerous copies of his works have been found in Italian and German manuscripts, his fame must have been widespread. Two problems face musicologists of the 15th century: first, determining which of the many surviving anonymous works were written by which composers and, second, unraveling conflicting attributions.This is made even more difficult for English composers such as Dunstaple: scribes in England frequently copied music without any ascription, rendering it immediately anonymous; and, while continental scribes were more assiduous in this regard, many works published in Dunstaple's name have other, potentially equally valid, attributions in different sources to other composers, including Gilles Binchois, <mask> and, Leonel Power. Of the works attributed to him only about fifty survive, among which are two complete masses, three sets of connected mass sections, fourteen individual mass sections, twelve complete isorhythmic motets (including the famous one which combines the hymn Veni creator spiritus and the sequence Veni sancte spiritus, and the less well-known Albanus roseo rutilat mentioned above), as well as twenty-seven separate settings of various liturgical texts, including three Magnificats and seven settings of Marian antiphons, such as Alma redemptoris Mater and Salve Regina, Mater misericordiae. Dunstaple was one of the first to compose masses using a single melody as cantus firmus. A good example of this technique is his Missa Rex seculorum. He is believed to have written secular music, but no songs in the vernacular can be attributed to him with any degree of certainty: although the French-texted rondeau Puisque m’amour is attributed to Dunstaple in two sources and there is no reason to doubt his authorship, the ballade remained the more favoured form for English secular song at this time and there is limited opportunity for comparison with the rest of his output. The popular melody "O rosa bella", once thought to be by Dunstaple, is now attributed to <mask>am (or Bedingham). Yet, because so much of the surviving 15th-century repertory of English carols is anonymous, and Dunstaple is known to have written many, most scholars consider it highly likely—for stylistic as well as statistical reasons—that some of the anonymous carols from this time are actually by Dunstaple.Influence
Dunstaple's influence on the continent's musical vocabulary was enormous, particularly considering the relative paucity of his (attributable) works. He was recognized for possessing something never heard before in music of the Burgundian School: la contenance angloise ("the English countenance"), a term used by the poet Martin le Franc in his Le Champion des Dames. Le Franc added that the style influenced Dufay and Binchois—high praise indeed. Writing a few decades later in about 1476, the Flemish composer and music theorist Tinctoris reaffirmed the powerful influence Dunstaple had, stressing the "new art" that Dunstaple had inspired. Tinctoris hailed Dunstaple as the fons et origo of the style, its "wellspring and origin." The contenance angloise, while not defined by Martin le Franc, was probably a reference to Dunstaple's stylistic trait of using full triadic harmony, along with a liking for the interval of the third. Assuming that he had been on the continent with the Duke of Bedford, Dunstaple would have been introduced to French fauxbourdon; borrowing some of the sonorities, he created elegant harmonies in his own music using thirds and sixths.Taken together, these are seen as defining characteristics of early Renaissance music, and both Le Franc's and Tinctoris's comments suggest that many of these traits may have originated in England, taking root in the Burgundian School around the middle of the century. Recordings
1982 – <mask> – Motets, Hilliard Ensemble, dir. Paul Hillier EMI Reflexe 1467031, reissued with music of Leonel Power, on Veritas x2 50999 6 02493 2 6. 1996 – Dunstaple: Sacred Works, Orlando Consort. Metronome METCD1009. 2003 – Canticum Canticorum. In Praise of Love: The Song of Songs in the Renaissance.Capilla Flamenca. Eufoda 1359. Contains a recording of Quam pulchra es by <mask>able
2005 – <mask> – Sweet Harmony – Masses and Motets, recorded by Tonus Peregrinus for the Naxos label. 2012 – O rosa bella, Ave maris stella and Quam pulchra es by <mask>le have been recorded by the Lumina Vocal Ensemble

References

Sources

Further reading
Stanley Boorman, <mask>. Emerson, David Hiley, David Fallows, Thomas B. Payne, Elizabeth Aubrey, Lorenz Welker, Manuel Pedro Ferreira, Ernest H. Sanders, Peter M. Lefferts, Ursula Günther, Gilbert Reaney, Kurt von Fischer, Gianluca D’Agostino, Charles Hamm, Jerry Call, and Herbert Kellman. "Sources, MS." In Grove Music Online. Oxford Music Online, http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/subscriber/article/grove/music/50158pg28 (accessed December 29, 2008). Margaret Bent: "Dunstaple", Oxford Studies of Composers.London, Oxford University Press, 1981;
Margaret Bent: "<mask> [Dunstable], <mask> (d. 1453), composer", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (subscription access)

External links

 <mask>aple Web Presentation
 An incomplete discography

People from Dunstable
English classical composers
Renaissance composers
15th-century English people
1390 births
1453 deaths
Burials at St Stephen Walbrook
English male classical composers

masks:
John Dunstaple
Dunstaple
John Hothby
Dunstaple
John
John Whethamsted
Dunstaple
John Forest
John Bedgh
John Dunstable
John Dunst
John Dunstable
John Dunstap
John A
Dunstaple
John
John Dunst


title: Judy Goldsmith

texts:
<mask> (born November 26, 1938) is an American feminist, academic, and activist. She served as president of the National Organization for Women (NOW) from 1982 to 1985, which is the largest feminist organization in the United States; prior to this she was an English professor. <mask> also serves as an honorary board member of the Veteran Feminists of America, whose headquarters are in Phoenix, Arizona. Early childhood and education
Judith Ann Becker was born in November 26, 1938, in Manitowoc, Wisconsin. Her father did not provide for the family and leaving her mother and five siblings to take care of themselves. After her parents divorced, her mother worked in a factory for twenty-five years to support the family, while only having an 8th grade education. The Becker's grew up very poor and for a time lived in a re-converted chicken coop with no running water and an old wooden stove.After completing high school in 1957, Becker received a scholarship that provided the funds to attend the University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point. Becker was originally a music major singing and playing the piano, however she was passionate about literature and language so she graduated with a bachelor's degree in English. As a student at the University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point, <mask> met and married <mask> and later had a daughter named Rachel. <mask> also received a master's degree from the State University of New York at Buffalo. National Organization for Women

Career
When <mask> went into the job market in 1950, there were numerous ads for men and minimal for women, putting women at a significant disadvantage for employment opportunities. The ads, described by <mask>, were geared towards women that read: "Needed: Attractive, Woman, Receptionist" for example. <mask> began her career as a college English professor at the University of Wisconsin and then became involved in NOW shortly thereafter.She and her sister became involved in NOW together in 1974, after being invited by a friend to attend. After a few months of being involved, <mask> was elected president of the Manitowoc County chapter in Wisconsin, which went on to become the first statewide NOW organization. <mask> played a large role in the development of the state chapter and was later elected to be president of the state chapter. Fifteen years later she became a national leader of NOW and moved to Washington, D.C. In 1982, while <mask> was head of NOW, the organization succeeded in increasing the number of women serving in state legislatures. <mask> advocated a more partisan direction for the formerly more inclusive NOW and adopted liberal positions on issues such as Reaganomics. During the same year, NOW controversially endorsed Frank Lautenberg, the male Democratic Senate opponent of New Jersey's Republican feminist Congresswoman, Millicent Fenwick, due to Fenwick's support of Reagan's economic agenda despite her pro-women's rights stances.Lautenberg defeated Fenwick by a narrow margin. <mask> believed that much discrimination had roots in economics and survival issues. During her tenure she also worked with Coretta Scott-King on the 1983 march commemorating the 20th anniversary of the historic "March on Washington" by Martin Luther King, Jr.

Smeal v Goldsmith
Eleanor Smeal was <mask>'s predecessor as NOW president as well as her mentor. Smeal supported <mask> during the 1982 election, partly because Smeal was not eligible for reelection herself. Smeal unofficially backed <mask>'s entire slate, the goal being to endorse and hopefully continue Smeal's policies. An article from 1982 in the Washington Post credits <mask>'s win "as an affirmation of the policies that built NOW into the nation's foremost voice on women's rights, despite the group's inability last year (1981) to win ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment" under Smeal's lead. Two others from <mask>'s slate, Alice Chapman and Mary Jean Collins, were elected both with Smeal's unofficial backing.However, the other positions within the organization were not all filled by the slate that <mask> headed, which therefore made it unclear how the voting delegates felt about Smeal's past leadership, as the executive vice president was won by an independent, attorney Barbara Timmer, who pledged a wider, more activist approach than Smeal's, and the secretary position was won by Kathy Webb, who was also an independent. As <mask>'s presidency continued, the original support she had from Smeal appeared to slip away, as rumors and speculations surfaced that Smeal was going to run for the presidency again. When Smeal announced she was running in the 1985 election, she said that it was due to her belief that <mask> was too moderate and did not focus on the issues that were important to herself. <mask> often met with politicians, and felt that progress could only be made when women were elected into political positions. On the issues of abortion and equal rights, <mask> said, "It is on our agenda but it is not the most propitious time to bring it up. We are not interested in exercises in futility. We must change the political landscape and get more women elected before we try again".Smeal, however, said  that there "was a wish that NOW become more outspoken, assertive and publicly active on a number of issues," and that she favored a national program for direct action now. "This can't wait for another 10 years," she said. "We can't decide that we want it and then do nothing". <mask> said, in defense of her methods, that "Loud may be good, but it is not only the level of decibels that is heard". Their methods were seen as very different and is what led to the intense battle for the presidency. For example, the two leaders approached anti-abortion terrorism in different ways. <mask> sent a telegram to President Reagan, demanding an investigation, and then later called on President Reagan, when she received no response, by telling reporters how she felt during a White House pickett.Smeal, however, led the first March for Women's Lives in 1986, which drew over 150,000 people to Washington and Los Angeles in support of women's reproductive rights. <mask> believed in accomplishing NOW's goals through politics while Smeal felt rallies, demonstrations, and protests were the better method, illustrated when Smeal said "It's time to go back on the streets, go on the campuses and show we're the majority" in 1985. The 1985 election was heated and intense but Smeal won over <mask>. <mask> was the incumbent seeking her second term, and NOW presidents had traditionally served two consecutive two-year terms. Members of NOW's 35-member national board and its state coordinators supported <mask> by a 2 to 1 margin, and she appeared to have more supporters at the convention's plenary sessions. It was reported by the SunSentinal in the 1985 article Smeal Wins Battle For Top NOW Post, "the factors contributing to Mrs. Smeal's victory were personality differences between the two candidates, a faulty sample ballot, the last-minute decision by a NOW officer to endorse Mrs. Smeal, a legal vote-brokering system, and a surprisingly vitriolic final campaign speech by Mrs. <mask>". Before the election  <mask>, was believed to be leading, yet Smeal defeated <mask> by the margin of 839 to 703.<mask>'s final campaign speech may have been what cost her votes, many said, in which she "uncharacteristically attacked her opponent in hard-hitting language, had lost her some votes. She accused Mrs. Smeal of, among other things, 'duplicity, character assassination and a ward-boss political mentality". It was also reported in Smeal Wins Battle For Top NOW Post, that <mask> seemed to be trying at the last minute to reverse her image as a president who preferred coalition-building to one who might be comfortable with her opponent's combative style. Overall the 1985 election between <mask> and not only her predecessor, but her mentor as well proved to be "one of the most heated presidential elections in the [then] 19-year history of the National Organization for Women". Retirement and legacy
After her tenure as President of NOW she served in various leadership positions, including Dean of the University of Wisconsin–Fond du Lac, retiring in 2002, though she remains active. Today, the University awards the "<mask> Young Woman Leadership Award" in her honor. While using her musical background, <mask> now plays piano at a nursing home in Fond du Lac and ballroom dances as frequently as possible.References

External links
 <mask> - What I Learned from NOW
 National Organization for Women, Official website
VFA Pioneers History Project: <mask>

Living people
Presidents of the National Organization for Women
American feminists
American women's rights activists
University of Wisconsin–Madison faculty
People from Fond du Lac, Wisconsin
1938 births

masks:
Judy Goldsmith
Goldsmith
Judy Becker
Dick Goldsmith
Judy Goldsmith
Judy
Judy
Goldsmith
Judy
Judy
Goldsmith
Goldsmith
Goldsmith
Judy Goldsmith
Goldsmith
Goldsmith
Goldsmith
Goldsmith
Goldsmith
Goldsmith
Goldsmith
Goldsmith
Goldsmith
Goldsmith
Goldsmith
Goldsmith
Goldsmith
Goldsmith
Goldsmith
Goldsmith
Goldsmith
Goldsmith
Goldsmith
Goldsmith
Goldsmith
Judy Goldsmith
Judy
Judy Goldsmith
Judy Goldsmith


title: Patrick G. Forrester

texts:
<mask> (born March 31, 1957) is a retired United States Army officer, Army aviator and a NASA astronaut. At the time of his retirement from the U.S. Army, Forrester had achieved the rank of colonel. He is married and has two children. Forrester flew on three Space Shuttle missions, STS-105, STS-117 and STS-128. He also served as Chief of the Astronaut Office, having assumed the role from Chris Cassidy in June 2017. On 19 December 2020, Reid Wiseman assumed the role as Forrester announced he was taking a leave of absence from NASA. Personal
Born March 31, 1957, in El Paso, Texas, he is an Eagle Scout in the Boy Scouts of America.Forrester is married to the former Diana Lynn Morris of Springfield, Virginia. They have two sons, <mask>, Jr. and Andrew. His father, Colonel (ret.) Redmond V<mask>, is deceased; his mother, Patsy L<mask>, is deceased. Education
 1975: Graduated from West Springfield High School, Springfield, Virginia
 1979: Received a Bachelor of Science degree in Applied Sciences and Engineering from the United States Military Academy, West Point, New York
 1989: Received a Master of Science degree in Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering from the University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia

Organizations
Society of Experimental Test Pilots
Army Aviation Association of America
American Helicopter Society

Awards and honors
Defense Superior Service Medal
Legion of Merit
Meritorious Service Medal (2nd Oak leaf cluster)
Army Commendation Medal
Army Achievement Medal
National Defense Service Medal
Expert Infantryman Badge
NASA Outstanding Leadership Medal (2017)
NASA Exceptional Service Medal (2008, 2010)
NASA Space Flight Medal (2001, 2007, 2009)
 The Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center Certificate of Commendation (1995)
 The Jack Northrop Award for most outstanding presentation at the 26th Annual Society of Experimental Test Pilots Symposium (1996)
 The Order of St. Michael (Bronze 2001, Silver 2007)
 U.S. Army Aviation Hall of Fame (2011)

Military career
Forrester graduated from West Point in June 1979 and was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the U.S. Army. He entered the U.S. Army Aviation School in 1979 and was designated an Army Aviator in September 1980. He was subsequently assigned as an instructor pilot at the Aviation School, and as the aide-de-camp to the Deputy Commanding General of the U.S. Army Aviation Center.In 1984, he was assigned to the 25th Infantry Division (Light), Schofield Barracks, Hawaii, where he served as a platoon leader, aviation company operations officer, and an assault helicopter battalion operations officer. After completing a master of science degree at the University of Virginia in 1989, he was assigned as a flight test engineer and as the research and development coordinator with the Army Aviation Engineering Flight Activity at Edwards Air Force Base, California. In June 1992, he graduated from the U.S. Naval Test Pilot School and was designated an experimental test pilot. In 1992, he was assigned as an engineering test pilot at the U.S. Army Aviation Technical Test Center, Fort Rucker, Alabama. Other military schools include the Army Parachutist Course, U.S. Army Ranger School, the Combined Arms Services Staff School, and the Command and General Staff College. A Master Army Aviator, Forrester has logged over 5,500 hours in over 50 different aircraft.<mask> retired from the Army in October 2005. NASA career
<mask> was assigned to NASA at the Johnson Space Center as an aerospace engineer in July 1993. His technical assignments within the Astronaut Office Operations Development Branch have included: flight software testing with the Shuttle Avionics Integration Laboratory (SAIL); Astronaut Office representative for Landing/Rollout issues, Multi-function Electronic Display System (MEDS) upgrade of the Orbiter fleet, and the Portable In-flight Landing Operations Trainer (PILOT). He has also served as the crew representative for robotics development for the International Space Station. Forrester was selected as an astronaut candidate by NASA in May 1996. Having completed two years of training and evaluation, he is qualified for flight assignment as a mission specialist. Initially, Forrester was assigned to duties at the Kennedy Space Center as a member of the astronaut support team, responsible for Shuttle prelaunch vehicle checkout, crew ingress and strap-in, and crew egress after landing.He next served as the technical assistant to the Director, Flight Crew Operations. Following that, Forrester served as the Shuttle training and on-board crew procedures representative. Forrester flew on STS-105 in 2001, with the crew of STS-117 in 2007, and as a mission specialist on the STS-128 mission in 2009. He has logged over 950 hours in space, including four spacewalks totaling 25 hours and 22 minutes of EVA time. After STS-117 he was assigned to the Astronaut Office Operations Development Branch. Since then he was involved in the flight software testing with the Shuttle Avionics Integration Laboratory (SAIL); astronaut office representative for landing/rollout issues, Multi-function Electronic Display System (MEDS) upgrade of the Orbiter fleet, and the Portable In-flight Landing Operations Trainer (PILOT). He has also served as the crew representative for robotics development for the International Space Station.As of July 2015, Forrester was the Chief Astronaut of the NASA Engineering & Safety Center (NESC). Chief of the Astronaut Office
He was announced as Chief of the Astronaut Office on June 2, 2017. He is the first Army officer to hold this position. He replaced Chris Cassidy who returned to normal flight status. He served in this position until December 20, 2020 when <mask>. Wiseman was selected. Spaceflight experience

STS-105
Discovery (August 10–22, 2001) was the 11th mission to the International Space Station (ISS). While at the orbital outpost, the STS-105 crew delivered the Expedition 3 crew, attached the Leonardo Multi-Purpose Logistics Module (MPLM), and transferred over 2.7 metric tons of supplies and equipment to the station.During the mission, <mask> and Dan Barry performed two spacewalks totaling 11 hours and 45 minutes of EVA time. Forrester served as the prime robotics operator to install the MPLM. STS-105 also brought home the Expedition 2 crew. The STS-105 mission was accomplished in 186 orbits of the Earth, traveling over 4.9 million miles in 285 hours and 13 minutes. STS-117

Atlantis (June 8–22, 2007) was the 118th Shuttle mission and the 21st mission to visit the ISS, delivering the second starboard truss segment, the third set of U.S. solar arrays and batteries and associated equipment. The successful construction and repair mission involved four spacewalks by two teams. Forrester accumulated 13 hours and 37 minutes of EVA time in two spacewalks.The mission also delivered crewmember Clayton Anderson, and returned with Sunita Williams from the Expedition 15 crew. STS-117 returned to land at Edwards Air Force Base, California, having traveled 5.8 million miles in 14 days. STS-128
Discovery (August 28-September 11, 2009) was the 128th Shuttle mission and the 30th mission to the ISS. While at the orbital outpost, the STS-128 crew rotated Nicole Stott for crewmember Timothy Kopra on Expedition 20, attached the Leonardo MPLM and transferred more than 18,000 pounds of supplies and equipment to the ISS. The STS-128 crew conducted three spacewalks. Forrester served as the prime robotics operator for Discovery. The STS-128 mission was accomplished in 217 orbits of the Earth, traveling more than 5.7 million miles in 332 hours and 53 minutes and returned to land at Edwards Air Force Base, California.See also

References

Spacefacts biography of <mask>. Forrester

1957 births
Living people
United States Army astronauts
NASA civilian astronauts
People from El Paso, Texas
People from Springfield, Virginia
United States Military Academy alumni
University of Virginia School of Engineering and Applied Science alumni
United States Naval Test Pilot School alumni
United States Army officers
American test pilots
Engineers from Virginia
Recipients of the Defense Superior Service Medal
Recipients of the NASA Exceptional Service Medal
Space Shuttle program astronauts
Spacewalkers
Military personnel from Texas

masks:
Patrick Graham Forrester
Patrick Forrester
. Forrester
. Forrester
Forrester
Forrester
Gregory R
Forrester
Patrick G


title: Bibiano Fernandes

texts:
<mask> (born March 30, 1980) is a Brazilian professional mixed martial artist who has competed for K-1, DREAM, ONE Championship and King of the Cage. He was the first DREAM Featherweight Champion and DREAM Bantamweight Champion, and currently in his second reign as the ONE Bantamweight Champion. He is currently ranked as the #5 Bantamweight in the world by MMA Weekly and Fight Matrix as well as the #1 bantamweight outside of the UFC He is the main sparring partner of former UFC Flyweight champion Demetrious Johnson. <mask> was born in Manaus and grew up in a neighborhood called Coroado with his family. Fernandes played soccer throughout his childhood. Due to an unhappy relationship, Fernandes' mother became depressed and eventually passed away for an unknown reason when he was seven. His father, Inacio, didn't want to raise the children, so <mask> and his siblings were sent to live with their aunt in the Amazon rainforest, by the Ituxi River.However, <mask> caught malaria during their stay in the rainforest and his father was alerted to bring him back to Manaus for treatment. After returning to Manaus, <mask> attended school for the first time in his life at the age of nine. MMA career
At the age of 13, <mask> was introduced to BJJ, but coming from a poor family he was unable to pay for training. His instructor said he'd continue to train him, as long as he cleaned the gym after the class. This gave <mask> a profound respect and gratitude for the gym and what it taught. Bibiano says that he'd say to himself when he was a child "good job! You held your ground and believed what you believed."Early career
Fernandes fought against world-class competition early in his MMA career. In his second professional fight, Fernandes lost due to a doctor's stoppage to Urijah Faber in a King of the Cage event in Nevada. After dominating the first 2 minutes of the round, even taking Faber's back, he was reversed and received a barrage of elbows that opened up a deep cut on his forehead. Though the fight was officially ruled a doctor stoppage, it was actually stopped by the referee, due to the cut. In his very next fight, Fernandes lost to Norifumi "Kid" Yamamoto at a K-1 Hero's event in Japan. After losing to Faber and Yamamoto, Fernandes won four consecutive fights before entering into the DREAM Featherweight Grand Prix. DREAM
Bibiano defeated Joe Warren and Hiroyuki Takaya at DREAM 11 to win the DREAM Featherweight Grand Prix and become the first DREAM Featherweight Champion.After defeating Warren by first round armbar, <mask>' fight against Takaya was very close, and he won by split decision. Fernandes fought former DREAM Lightweight Champion Joachim Hansen on March 22, 2010, at DREAM 13 for his first title defense. He won the match in a split decision. At K-1 Dynamite!! 2010, Fernandes had a rematch with Takaya for the DREAM featherweight championship. <mask> lost his title to Takaya via unanimous decision. <mask> next faced Takafumi Otsuka at DREAM 17 in the quarterfinals of the bantamweight tournament.He won the fight via submission in the first round. At Fight For Japan: Genki Desu Ka Omisoka 2011, he defeated Rodolfo Marques via unanimous decision in the semifinal round. In the finals, <mask> defeated Antonio Banuelos via TKO in the first round to win the Dream World Bantamweight Grand Prix and become the first ever DREAM Bantamweight champion. Ultimate Fighting Championship
On June 4, 2012, it was announced that Fernandes had signed with the UFC and was briefly linked to a bout against Roland Delorme on July 21, 2012, at UFC 149. However, the UFC claimed <mask> pulled out of the bout, citing an injury. <mask> subsequently clarified that he had been in negotiations with the UFC, but a contract was never signed. ONE Championship
It was announced that Fernandes had signed with ONE instead of the UFC.<mask> made his debut for the promotion at ONE FC 5 against Gustavo Falciroli. He won the fight via unanimous decision. <mask> next fight was at ONE FC 9: Rise to Power against Koetsu Okazaki for the Interim ONE Bantamwight Championship. He won via unanimous decision. <mask> next fought at ONE FC 11: Total Domination against Soo Chul Kim to unify the ONE Bantamweight Championship. He won via unanimous decision. <mask> headlined ONE Fighting Championship: Rise of Heroes on May 2, 2014, against Masakatsu Ueda.He won via unanimous decision. <mask> faced Dae Hwan Kim at ONE Fighting Championship: Warrior's Way on December 5, 2014, once again successfully defending his world title by defeating Kim via rear-naked choke in the second round. In his fourth title defense, Fernandes faced Kevin Belingon at ONE Championship: Dynasty of Champions on January 23, 2016. He successfully defending his title, winning by kimura submission in the first round. In his fifth title defense, Fernandes faced Reece McLaren at ONE Championship: Age of Domination on December 2, 2016. He won the fight by split decision. On February 17, 2017, it was announced that Fernandes re-signed with ONE Championship.Fernandes fought Kevin Belingon for the second time at ONE Championship 78: Heart of the Lion on November 9, 2018, in a title unification bout. He lost the fight via split decision. <mask> faced Belingon in a trilogy match at ONE Championship: A New Era on March 30, 2019. He won the bout via disqualification when he could not continue after Belingon landed an illegal elbow to the back of <mask>'s head, once again regaining the bantamweight title. <mask> faced Belingon for the fourth time at ONE Championship: Century on October 13, 2019. He won the fight via a rear-naked choke submission in the second round. <mask> was scheduled to face John Lineker at ONE Championship: X on December 3, 2021.However due to the pandemic, the event was postponed and the bout was moved to ONE Championship: Bad Blood on February 11, 2022. Linekar tested positive for COVID days before the event and the bout was pulled. The bout was rescheduled for ONE Championship: Lights Out on March 11, 2022. Personal life
<mask> and his wife, Amanda, have three sons: Elijah, Gabriel and Lucas.

masks:
Bibiano Fernandes da Silva Neto
Background Fernandes
Bibiano
Bibiano
Fernandes
Bibiano
Bibiano
Fernandes
Fernandes
Fernandes
Fernandes
Fernandes
Bibiano
Fernandes
Fernandes
Fernandes
Fernandes
Bibiano
Fernandes
Fernandes
Fernandes
Fernandes
Fernandes


title: Roy Thinnes

texts:
<mask> (born April 6, 1938) is an American television and film actor best known for his portrayal of lonely hero David Vincent in the ABC 1967–68 television series The Invaders. He starred in the 1969 British science fiction film Journey to the Far Side of the Sun (also known as Doppelgänger), and also played Alfred Wentworth in the pilot episode of Law & Order. Career

TV
His first primetime role was in "A Fist of Five", a 1962 episode of The Untouchables, as a brother of an ex-policeman (played by Lee Marvin). Later that year he appeared in a small role as a cowboy named “Harry” on James Arness’s TV Western Gunsmoke (“False Front” - S8E15). He appeared on General Hospital as the "philandering Dr. Phil Brewer"
 from 1963–65, which was later described as "Thinnes' big break." In 1964, he guested twice in episodes "Murder by Scandal" and the "Lost Lady Blues" of the 13-episode CBS drama The Reporter. Later he co-starred as Ben Quick in the short-lived 1965-66 television series The Long Hot Summer, which ran on ABC.During its run he received around 1,500 letters per week and appeared on the cover of TV Guide

The Invaders
During 1967 and 1968, <mask> starred in The Invaders, a TV series in which he portrayed an architect named David Vincent who accidentally witnessed the arrival of aliens from another planet. Vincent waged a seemingly hopeless one-man campaign against them. The series became a cult classic, leading to other 'aliens vs earthlings' films and TV shows. His then-future second wife, actress Lynn Loring, appeared in the show's 14th episode, The Panic. He returned in 1995 as a much older David Vincent, as part of a TV mini-series titled The Invaders (starring Scott Bakula), and a decade later provided audio commentary for the official DVD releases of The Invaders. Decades after the unexpected cancellation of the original series, "in Europe  ... It hasn’t stopped running."The Washington Post noted in 2008 that, although The Invaders "ran for just two seasons ... in 2004, TV Guide placed main character David Vincent at #6 on its 25 Greatest Sci-Fi Legends list." In 2019, U.S. basic-cable network MeTV began running weekly reruns of The Invaders as part of its popular "Red-Eye Sci-Fi Saturday Night" overnight late Saturday evening/early Sunday morning sci-fi TV series programming schedule. Post-Invaders
In another short-lived series, <mask> had the lead role on The Psychiatrist as Dr. James Whitman. "Manhunter" (in which Thinnes tracks a bank robbery suspect) is a TV Film that was broadcast on British TV in 1972 (with The Man Hunter as its title) but was not shown on American TV until 1976. A similar title ("The Manhunter"), but with a different plot, was used for a 1974-filmed TV movie. <mask> guest starred on Twelve O'Clock High, becoming a casualty of war while commanding a B-17 bomber on a dangerous mission. He played an intrepid writer and investigator of the supernatural David Norliss in 1973's The Norliss Tapes, a pilot for an unproduced TV series, and portrayed a suspicious schoolmaster in the TV movie Satan's School for Girls.He appeared in the disaster films Airport 1975 as the co-pilot, and The Hindenburg as a sadistic SS captain. <mask> was cast in Alfred Hitchcock's 1976 film Family Plot in the role of nefarious jeweler Arthur Adamson when Hitchcock's first choice, William Devane, was unavailable. <mask> had already shot several scenes for the film when Devane suddenly became available. Hitchcock fired <mask> and re-shot all of his scenes. He confronted Hitchcock in a restaurant and asked the director why he was fired. Flabbergasted, Hitchcock simply looked at <mask> until the actor left. Some shots of <mask> as the character (from behind) remain in the film.<mask> appeared in the 1979 miniseries From Here to Eternity. as Captain Dana Holmes. During the 1982-1983 season, <mask> appeared as Nick Hogan in 35 episodes of Falcon Crest. He later played Roger Collins in the 1991 revival of TV's Dark Shadows. He appeared on One Life to Live as Alex Crown from 1984–85, and as Sloan Carpenter from 1992-95. He also played a lead role in "The Final Chapter," the first episode of the 1977 series Quinn Martin's Tales of the Unexpected (known in the United Kingdom as Twist in the Tale), and in "The Crystal Scarab", a first-season episode of Poltergeist: The Legacy in 1996. <mask> was once considered by Paramount for the part of Captain Jean-Luc Picard in Star Trek: The Next Generation.He appeared in the 1988 pilot episode of Law & Order, "Everybody's Favorite Bagman", as District Attorney Alfred Wentworth. By the time the show was picked up in 1990, however, <mask> was contractually obligated to another TV series (NBC's remake of Dark Shadows), and so his character was replaced with D.A. Adam Schiff, played by Steven Hill. Thinnes made two appearances in The X-Files as Jeremiah Smith, an alien rebel with healing and shape-shifting abilities. Twice <mask> appeared on the ABC soap opera One Life to Live playing two different characters. From 1984-1985, he played the role of "Alex Crown" and from 1992–1995, he played the role of "Gen. Sloan Carpenter". During both of his stints on the show, his characters became a father-in-law to the same character, Cassie Callison.In 2005, <mask> co-starred as Dr. Theophile Peyron in the movie The Eyes of Van Gogh about Vincent van Gogh (played by Alexander Barnett, who also wrote and directed) and his voluntary stay in an insane asylum. The movie focuses on Van Gogh's relationships with Dr. Peyron, as well as fellow Expressionist Paul Gauguin, and his brother, Theo. The New York Times reviewed a 2002 play in which Thinnes had a major role. Biography
<mask> was born in Chicago of German descent. After serving in the United States Army as a military police officer, he relocated to California and attended Los Angeles City College. He was married to actress Lynn Loring from 1967 to 1984. Loring gave birth to their son Christopher Dylan <mask> on Feb. 12 1969, and in 1974 gave birth to their daughter <mask>.<mask>'s third wife, actress Catherine Smythe, is the mother of two of his five children. In 2005, <mask> married film editor Stephanie Batailler. Filmography

Film

Television

References

External links

 <mask>'s website

 theeyesofvangogh.com
 <mask> in The Long Hot Summer

1938 births
Living people
Male actors from Chicago
American male film actors
American male television actors
Los Angeles City College alumni
American people of German descent
Military personnel from Illinois

masks:
Roy Thinnes
Thinnes
Thinnes
Thinnes
Thinnes
Thinnes
Thinnes
Thinnes
Thinnes
Thinnes
Thinnes
Thinnes
Thinnes
Thinnes
Thinnes
Thinnes
Thinnes
Casey Thinnes
Thinnes
Thinnes
Roy Thinnes
Roy Thinnes


title: Michael Barber (educationist)

texts:
Sir <mask> (born 24 November 1955) is a British educationist, author and global expert on implementation of large-scale system change, education systems and education reform, and was knighted in 2005 for his contributions to improving government. He is the founder and chairman of Delivery Associates, a global advisory firm focussed on working with governments and other public and social impact organisations to help deliver improved outcomes for people around the world. <mask> has worked for over 20 years in education, government reform and improvement. During that time, he has advised governments in over 60 countries on issues of public policy and delivery. He was the founder and first head of the Prime Minister's Delivery Unit under Prime Minister Tony Blair, and later served as Chief Education Advisor at Pearson, and as a partner at McKinsey, where he was head of the global education practice. He served as Co-Chair of Boston Consulting Group's not-for-profit foundation, Centre for Public Impact and has been a Distinguished Visiting Fellow at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health and the Harvard Graduate School of Education.He was appointed as the first ever Chair of the Office for Students (OfS) – the new regulator for Higher Education in the UK established in 2018 - until he stepped down in March 2021. <mask> published How to Run a Government: So that Citizens Benefit and Taxpayers Don’t go Crazy in 2015 and his latest book Accomplishment - How to achieve ambitious and challenging things was published by Penguin in 2021. In 2021, he was asked by the UK Prime Minister and Cabinet Secretary to conduct a rapid review of government delivery to ensure it remains focused, effective and efficient in the rebuild after COVID-19. In January 2022, <mask> was appointed Chancellor of the University of Exeter. Education and early career
<mask> was born in Liverpool, but educated at Bootham School, York, an independent school with a Quaker background and ethos. He read History at the University of Oxford before training as a teacher. He taught in schools in Britain and Zimbabwe.<mask> worked in the education department of the National Union of Teachers. As a member of the Labour Party, he was elected to the council of the London Borough of Hackney, becoming chair of the education committee. In 1987 he contested for Labour the seat of Henley-on-Thames, then held by <mask>. Government
<mask> served as Chief Adviser to the Secretary of State for Education on School Standards during the first term of British Prime Minister Tony Blair, from 1997 to 2001. During Blair's second term, from 2001 to 2005, <mask> served as the Chief Adviser on Delivery, reporting directly to Prime Minister Tony Blair. As head of the Prime Minister's Delivery Unit (PMDU), he was responsible for working with government agencies to ensure successful implementation of the Prime Minister's priority programs, including those in health, education, transport, policing, the criminal justice system, and asylum/immigration. He wrote a book about his experience in the PMDU.Instruction to Deliver: Fighting to Reform Britain’s Public Services (Methuen 2008),  It was described by the Financial Times as "one of the best books about British Government for many years". <mask> was appointed as the first ever Chair of the Office for Students (OfS) – the regulator for Higher Education in the UK established in 2018 - until he stepped down in March 2021. Delivery Associates
Barber is the Founder and Chairman of Delivery Associates, a global advisory firm focussed on working with governments and other public and social impact organisations to help them deliver improved outcomes for people around the world. It applies the science of Delivery in order to achieve positive change in outcomes across education, health, economic development, infrastructure and other areas of government. Pakistan
<mask> has served as the co-chair of the Pakistan Education Taskforce, as DFID Special Representative on Education for Pakistan. He has now made more than fifty visits to Pakistan, including serving as an advisor on system reform to the Chief Minister of Punjab, Shahbaz Sharif. This work led to the development of the 'Punjab Roadmap, with ambitious goals to increase the quality of education offered at all 60,000 schools in the Punjab.The Good News from Pakistan, published in 2013 with Reform, summarises the change achieved between August 2011 and January 2013. These include:
 One and a half million extra children enrolled in school
 Simple, easy-to-use lesson plans for every teacher and new textbooks for every student
 Student attendance increased from 83 per cent to 92 per cent. Teacher attendance increased from 81 per cent to 91 per cent. Facilities with functioning electricity, drinking water, toilet and boundary walls increased from 69 per cent to 91 per cent. The Independent Commission on Aid Impact has praised the Roadmap as "an excellent example of how a well-designed monitoring system can be integral to the design of a reform programme". <mask> also advised Dr Sania Nishtar, the Special Assistant to the Pakistan Prime Minister on Social Protection and Poverty Alleviation, on the Ehsaas programme in Pakistan. UK Government
<mask> was asked by the UK Treasury in 2017 to conduct a review into how the government measures impact for each taxpayer pound spent on public services.The Public Value Review set out a practical approach to understanding public sector productivity and how it can be addressed in government. In 2021, <mask> was asked by the Prime Minister and the Cabinet Secretary to review government delivery to ensure it remains focused, effective and efficient in the rebuild after COVID-19. At McKinsey and Company
Following his time leading the Prime Minister's Delivery Unit, <mask> served as partner and head of McKinsey's Global Education Practice until 2011. While at McKinsey, <mask> co-authored two major education reports: How the world’s most improved school systems keep getting better (2010) and How the world’s best-performing schools come out on top (2007). During this time, <mask> continued to work on management in the public sector, and published Deliverology 101 in 2011 to serve as a comprehensive guide to system reform and delivery. Governments and large public organisations (from the Louisiana school system to the Malaysian government) adopted elements of the 'deliverology' approach. Additionally, a number of international organizations including the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the World Bank, DFID, and the IMF sought his advice and guidance.Education Delivery Institute
In the summer of 2010, <mask> teamed with leaders from the Education Trust and Achieve to found the U.S. Education Delivery Institute. Between 2010 and 2016, this Institute worked with leaders of K-12 and higher education systems around the United States to adapt the delivery concept pioneered by <mask> in the Prime Minister's Delivery Unit to drive American education reform efforts. Chief Education Advisor, Pearson
From September 2011 to March 2017, <mask> was Chief Education Advisor at Pearson. In this role, he led the company's worldwide research and partnership on education policy and learning methods, advised on the innovation and development of new products and services, and led Pearson's strategy for education in the poorest sectors of the world. <mask> wrote several publications while at Pearson including Oceans of Innovation with Katelyn Donnelly and Saad Rizvi about the rise of Pacific Asia and the implications for global leadership and education, An Avalanche is Coming, again with Katelyn Donnelly and Saad Rizvi, about the upcoming revolution in global higher education. The Incomplete Guide to Delivering Learning Outcomes was co-authored with Saad Rizvi and introduced Pearson's journey towards putting efficacy at the heart of the company, and the lessons learned that anyone passionate about delivering outcomes or transforming a company can apply. Asking More: The Path to Efficacy was edited by <mask> and Saad Rizvi, and brought together articles from some of the world's leading education practitioners and business people to highlight the urgent opportunity for a global focus on outcomes in education.<mask> also chaired the Pearson Affordable Learning Fund. Announced in July 2012, The Pearson Affordable Learning Fund (PALF) is a venture fund with $65M of capital that invests in private schools, education technology, and scalable services to meet the demand for affordable education in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. PALF seeks investments with market returns while demonstrating outsized learning outcomes. In 2016, PALF had 10 portfolio companies across 6 countries, averaging 140% revenue growth in that year. The fund's first investment was in an affordable Ghanaian school chain, Omega Schools, headed by Ken Donkoh and Professor James Tooley. In the first four months of the investment, Omega Schools expanded from 10 schools serving 6,000 students to 20 schools serving 11,000. In November 2012, Barber launched The Learning Curve, commissioned by Pearson from the Economist Intelligence Unit to work with some of the world's leading education experts to review, research, and interview innovators from every continent about how best to achieve better learning outcomes.It established the first ever open and searchable global education data bank - drawing on the world's best existing data-sets including the PISA, TIMMS and PIRLS studies. Honorary degrees
<mask> has been a Distinguished Visiting Fellow at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health the Harvard Graduate School of Education and is an Honorary Fellow of The Queen's College, Oxford. He was awarded honorary doctorates from the University of Exeter and Nottingham Trent University. Publications
 Instruction to Deliver
 Deliverology 101: A Field Guide for Educational Leaders
 How the world’s best-performing schools come out on top
 How the world’s most improved school systems keep getting better
 Oceans of Innovation
 An Avalanche is Coming: Higher Education and the Revolution Ahead
 The Incomplete Guide to Delivering Learning Outcomes
 Asking More: The Path to Efficacy
 The Public Sector: Managing the Unmanageable (Contributor)
 Deliverology in Practice
 How to Run a Government: So that Citizens Benefit and Taxpayers Don’t go Crazy
Accomplishment - How to Achieve Ambitious and Challenging Things

References

1955 births
Living people
People educated at Bootham School
Alumni of the University of Oxford
People associated with Nottingham Trent University
British educational theorists
British chief executives
Knights Bachelor
Chancellors of the University of Exeter
People from Liverpool

masks:
Michael Blaydon Barber
Barber
Barber
Barber
Barber
Barber
Michael Heseltine
Barber
Barber
Barber
Barber
Barber
Barber
Barber
Barber
Barber
Barber
Barber
Barber
Barber
Barber
Barber
Barber
Barber


title: Susan Brownmiller

texts:
<mask> (born February 15, 1935) is an American journalist, author and feminist activist best known for her 1975 book Against Our Will: Men, Women, and Rape. Brownmiller argues that rape had been previously defined by men rather than women, and that men use it as a means of perpetuating male dominance by keeping all women in a state of fear. The New York Public Library selected Against Our Will as one of 100 most important books of the 20th century. Personal life
Brownmiller was born in Brooklyn, New York, to Mae and Samuel Warhaftig, a lower-middle-class Jewish couple. Her father was a salesman in the Garment Center and later a vendor in Macy's department store, and her mother was a secretary in the Empire State Building. She later took the pen name <mask>, legally changing her name in 1961. In 1972, Brownmiller signed her name to the Ms. campaign “We Have Had Abortions” which called for an end to "archaic laws" limiting reproductive freedom; they encouraged women to share their stories and take action.She describes herself as "a single woman", even though "I was always a great believer in romance and partnership." "I would like to be in close association with a man whose work I respect," she told an interviewer, attributing her unmarried status to the fact that she was "not willing to compromise." Education
As a child Brownmiller was sent to the East Midwood Jewish Center for two afternoons a week to learn Hebrew and Jewish history. She would later comment, "It all got sort of mishmashed in my brain except for one thread: a helluva lot of people over the centuries seemed to want to harm the Jewish people. ... I can argue that my chosen path – to fight against physical harm, specifically the terror of violence against women – had its origins in what I had learned in Hebrew School about the pogroms and The Holocaust." She had "a stormy adolescence", attending Cornell University for two years (1952 to 1954) on scholarships, but not graduating.She later studied acting in New York City. She appeared in two off-Broadway productions. Career
Brownmiller's path into journalism began with an editorial position at a "confession magazine". She went on to work as an assistant to the managing editor at Coronet (1959–60), as an editor of the Albany Report, a weekly review of the New York State legislature (1961–1962), and as a national affairs researcher at Newsweek (1963–1964). In the mid-1960s, Brownmiller continued her career in journalism with positions as a reporter for NBC-TV in Philadelphia (1965), staff writer for The Village Voice (1965), and as a network news writer for ABC-TV in New York City (1966–68). Beginning in 1968, she worked as a freelance writer; her book reviews, essays, and articles appeared regularly in publications including The New York Times, Newsday, The New York Daily News, Vogue, and The Nation. In 1968, she signed the "Writers and Editors War Tax Protest" pledge, vowing to refuse tax payments in protest against the Vietnam War.Brownmiller volunteered for Freedom Summer in 1964, wherein she worked on voter registration in Meridian, Mississippi. According to her own account:

Jan Goodman and I were in the second batch of volunteers for Mississippi Freedom Summer....When no one else at the Memphis orientation session volunteered for Meridian, Jan and I accepted the assignment. Between us, we had a good ten years of organizing experience, hers in Democratic primaries and presidential campaigns, mine in CORE, the Congress of Racial Equality, and both of us together in voter registration drives in East Harlem. The night we arrived in Meridian, a field secretary called a meeting, asking to see the new volunteers. Proudly we raised our hands. 'Shit!' he exploded.'I asked for volunteers and they sent me white women.' Returning to New York, she began writing for The Village Voice and became a network TV newswriter at the American Broadcasting Company, a job she held until 1968. She continues to write and speak on feminist issues, including a memoir and history of Second Wave radical feminism titled In Our Time: Memoir of a Revolution (1999). Her papers have been archived at Harvard, in the Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America. Against Our Will

Against Our Will (1975) is a feminist book in which Brownmiller argues that rape "is nothing more or less than a conscious process of intimidation by which all men keep all women in a state of fear." In order to write the book, after having helped to organize the New York Radical Feminists Speak-Out on Rape on January 24, 1971, and the New York Radical Feminists Conference on Rape on April 17, 1971, she spent four years investigating rape. She studied rape throughout history, from the earliest codes of human law up into modern times.She collected clippings to find patterns in the way in which rape is reported in various types of newspapers, analyzed portrayals of rape in literature, films, and popular music, and evaluated crime statistics. Against Our Will was a highly controversial book. Brownmiller's basic premise was contested by some sections of the left wing, who considered it untrue that "all men benefit" from the culture of rape, and who believed rather that it was possible to organize both women and men together to oppose sexual violence. The book also received criticism from Angela Davis, who thought Brownmiller disregarded the part that black women played in the anti-lynching movement and that Brownmiller's discussion of rape and race became an "unthinking partnership which borders on racism". In 1995, the New York Public Library selected Against Our Will as one of 100 most important books of the 20th century. Books
Shirley Chisholm: A Biography (Doubleday, 1970)
Against Our Will: Men, Women, and Rape (Simon and Schuster, 1975/Fawcett Columbine 1993)
Femininity (Linden Press/Simon & Schuster, 1984)
Waverly Place (Grove Press, 1989)
Seeing Vietnam: Encounters of the Road and Heart (Harper Collins, 1994)
In Our Time: Memoir of a Revolution (Dial Press, 1990)
My City High Rise Garden (Rutgers University Press, 2017)

Activism
Brownmiller also participated in civil rights activism, joining CORE and SNCC during the sit-in movement in 1964. She first became involved in the Women's Liberation Movement in New York City in 1968, by joining a consciousness-raising group in the newly formed New York Radical Women organization.Brownmiller went on to coordinate a sit-in against Ladies' Home Journal in 1970, began work on Against Our Will after a New York Radical Feminists speak-out on rape in 1971. In 1977, Brownmiller became an associate of the Women's Institute for Freedom of the Press (WIFP). WIFP is an American nonprofit publishing organization. The organization works to increase communication between women and connect the public with forms of women-based media. She co-founded Women Against Pornography in 1979. Honors
Brownmiller won an Alicia Patterson Journalism Fellowship in 1973 to research and write about the crime of rape. She is featured in the feminist history film She's Beautiful When She's Angry (2014).Notes

References
 <mask>.com: An Informal Bio
 In Our Time: Memoir of a Revolution,

External links
 <mask>er at the Jewish Women's Archive
 A critique of Against Our Will by a black feminist (1976)

1935 births
Living people
Jewish American writers
Jewish feminists
American tax resisters
Anti-pornography feminists
Cornell University alumni
Feminist studies scholars
American feminist writers
Writers from Brooklyn
Radical feminists
Activists from New York (state)
Writers from New York (state)
New York Radical Feminists members
21st-century American Jews

masks:
Susan Brownmiller
Brownmiller
Susan Brownmiller
Susan Brownmill


title: Billy Laval

texts:
<mask> (January 15, 1885 – January 20, 1957) was an American minor league baseball player, baseball manager, and college baseball, football, and basketball coach. He held head coaching positions at the University of South Carolina, Furman University, Emory and Henry College, and Newberry College. He is the only South Carolina football coach to have produced seven consecutive winning seasons. In 2009, The State called him "the greatest collegiate coach" in the history of South Carolina. Early life
<mask> was born on January 15, 1885, in Columbia, South Carolina. At the age of 18, he coached baseball at Erskine College. The following year, he held the same position at Sewanee before returning to Erskine.From 1904 to 1905, he played baseball as a pitcher for Furman University. According to The State, there is no record of his enrollment at the school, however, which presumably made him a ringer. During the 1905 season, he proposed to his girlfriend Elizabeth, who responded "If you beat Clemson today, I will marry you." <mask> pitched Furman to a win, 2–1, and the two were married soon after. He would later joke in speeches, "She has hated Clemson ever since." Minor league career
In his early years, <mask> played minor league baseball for a wide number of teams throughout the South in the South Carolina League, Carolina Association, Virginia League, South Atlantic League, and North Carolina State League. These teams included: the Greenville Mountaineers (1907), Greenville Spinners (1908–1909 and 1919), Winston-Salem Twins (1909–1910), Spartanburg Spartans (1911–1912), Anderson Electricians (1912), Richmond Colts (1913), Petersburg Goobers (1914), Jacksonville Tarpons (1915), and the Greensboro Patriots (1916).His playing career was mediocre, with a .253 batting average and 42–37 record as a pitcher. In 1907, the manager of the Greenville Mountaineers, Tommy Stouch, signed Shoeless Joe Jackson, and to evaluate him, had <mask> pitch against Jackson for five days of batting practice. He chose <mask> for his assorted repertoire of curveballs and spitballs. Coaching career
<mask> was described as an innovative football coach, and he implemented the "crazy quilt" offense, where pre-snap motion was used to create confusion for the defense. Whitey Rawl, Furman quarterback from 1925 to 1927, told The Columbia Record in 1961 that opponents thought "<mask> was either cheating or crazy... Nobody ever seemed to figure out which, but we beat 'em." <mask> also employed a play called the "crap shooters shift", which was similar to the modern no-huddle offense. He also constantly tweaked his teams' uniforms.At Newberry College, he modified the uniforms with targets to aid his color-blind quarterback's ability to distinguish his receivers. <mask>'s superstitious nature also influenced his uniform tinkering. For example, in the 1931 South Carolina–Clemson game, he had his team change from their gray jerseys into their "lucky" red uniforms at halftime. Around 1912, <mask> was invited by Clemson coach Frank Dobson to watch their football game against Georgia Tech. The event piqued <mask>'s interest in the sport, and he began studying it in earnest. Despite never having played a single down of football, in 1914, he became the coach of the Furman B squad under head coach W. B. Bible, brother of Dana X. Bible. Bible, however, was an English professor with little knowledge of the game, and <mask> soon had the B squad capable of decisively beating the varsity team in scrimmages.After the season, the school sent <mask> to be mentored by Illinois head coach and football innovator Robert Zuppke, who had won the 1914 national championship. In 1915, W. B. Bible resigned and <mask> took his place as the head football coach in addition to his duties as baseball coach. As an "all-year coach", his salary was $1,100, which was about the average at the time. He coached Furman football from 1916 to 1927 and compiled a 71–34–3 record. In 1920, <mask> returned to the Greenville Spinners to serve as their manager during the baseball season. In 1927, <mask> accepted a three-year contract worth $8,000 per year to coach at the University of South Carolina, which made him the highest-paid coach in the state. He coached South Carolina from 1928 to 1934 and compiled a 10–14–4 record.Opposing coaches began demanding rule changes to limit the pre-snap shifts and motion of the "crazy quilt". Rules began to change toward the end of his tenure. In 1932, <mask> recruited four players from the 1930 Texas state high school basketball champions. South Carolina basketball coach Rock Norman did not want to play the new recruits ahead of his more seasoned players, so <mask> agreed to coach the team for the season. Because of his lack of basketball knowledge, <mask> had one of Norman's players, team captain Buck Smith act as an assistant coach. South Carolina ended the season on a fifteen-game winning streak and captured the Southern Conference tournament championship. Jeff Sagarin retroactively ranked South Carolina that season's third-best team in the nation.Norman returned to take over the basketball team the following year. In 1933, the South Carolina athletic department reported a $15,200 deficit, and <mask> reluctantly agreed to take a pay cut to $5,000. However, the department's financial difficulties worsened, and the next year it requested <mask> take a second pay cut to $3,600, which he refused. The school allowed his contract to lapse after the 1934 season. <mask> then moved on to Emory and Henry College to serve as its head football, basketball, and baseball coach from 1936 to 1937. In 1938, he returned to his home state to coach at Newberry College. He remained there until retirement in 1950.In 12 season as head football coach at Newberry, <mask> compiled a record of 45–61–5. Later life
After coaching, <mask> ran a chain of sporting goods stores throughout South Carolina. He also worked in the front office of minor league baseball teams in Rock Hill and Greenwood. He and his wife had three children: two sons and a daughter. His wife died on November 22, 1956, after a long illness. <mask> himself died shortly thereafter on January 20, 1957, from a heart attack at his son's home in Columbia. The South Carolina Athletic Hall of Fame inducted him in 1961, and the Furman University Athletic Hall of Fame inducted him in 1981.Head coaching record

Football

References

External links

1885 births
1957 deaths
Baseball pitchers
Basketball players from Columbia, South Carolina
Basketball coaches from South Carolina
Anderson Electricians players
Asheville Tourists managers
Emory and Henry Wasps athletic directors
Emory and Henry Wasps baseball coaches
Emory and Henry Wasps football coaches
Emory and Henry Wasps men's basketball coaches
Erskine Flying Fleet baseball coaches
Furman Paladins athletic directors
Furman Paladins baseball coaches
Furman Paladins football coaches
Furman Paladins men's basketball coaches
Greensboro Patriots players
Greenville Mountaineers players
Greenville Spinners players
Jacksonville Tarpons players
Newberry Wolves athletic directors
Newberry Wolves baseball coaches
Newberry Wolves football coaches
Petersburg Goobers players
Richmond Colts players
Sewanee Tigers baseball coaches
South Carolina Gamecocks athletic directors
South Carolina Gamecocks football coaches
South Carolina Gamecocks men's basketball coaches
Spartanburg Spartans players
Winston-Salem Twins players
Sportspeople from Columbia, South Carolina

masks:
William Lawrence Laval
Laval
Laval
Laval
Laval
Laval
Laval
Laval
Laval
Laval
Laval
Laval
Laval
Laval
Laval
Laval
Laval
Laval
Laval
Laval
Laval
Laval
Laval
Laval
Laval
Laval


title: Arthur Penty

texts:
<mask> (17 March 1875 – 1937) was an English architect and writer on guild socialism and distributism. He was first a Fabian socialist, and follower of Victorian thinkers William Morris and John Ruskin. He is generally credited with the formulation of a Christian socialist form of the medieval guild, as an alternative basis for economic life. <mask> was the elder of the two architect sons of <mask> of York, designer of the York Institute of Art, Science and Literature. While a pupil and assistant with his father, Penty absorbed the spirit of the Arts and Crafts Movement and the progressive movement in Glasgow. Early life
<mask> was born at 16 Elmwood Street, in the parish of St Lawrence, York, the second son of <mask> (1852–1902), architect, and his wife, Emma Seller. After attending St Peter's School in York he was apprenticed in 1888 to his father.Architect in York
When, in the 1890s, <mask> joined his father's architectural practice, now renamed as Penty & Penty, "a marked improvement in the quality and originality of the firm's work" ensued. Among surviving buildings by Walter and <mask> are:

1894: The Bay Horse, a public house in Marygate. 1895-6: Rowntree Wharf on the River Foss, originally a flour warehouse for Leetham's Mill, which burnt down in 1931, now flats and offices. 1899: Terry Memorial almshouses in Skeldergate. 1900–02: Buildings in River Street, Colenso Street and Lower Darnborough Street in the Clementhorpe area south of the River Ouse. He attracted national and even international attention, including favourable notice in Herman Muthesius's Das englische Haus (1904). His younger brother, Frederick T<mask> (1879–1943) took over the business after their father died.<mask>'s other younger brother, George Victor <mask> (1885–1967), emigrated to Australia to pursue a career in the wool industry. Move to London
Around 1900 <mask> had met A. R. Orage; together with Holbrook Jackson they founded the Leeds Arts Club. <mask> left his father's office in 1901, and moved to London in 1902 to pursue his interest in the arts and crafts movement. Orage and Jackson followed in 1905 and 1906; <mask> in fact led the way, and Orage lodged with him in his first attempts to live by writing. Influence

For a time, from 1906, <mask>'s ideas were widely influential. Orage, as editor of The New Age, was a convert to guild socialism. After World War I guild socialism dropped back as a factor in the thinking of the British Labour movement, in general; the idea of post-industrialism, on which <mask> wrote, attributing the term to A. K. Coomaraswamy, receded in importance in the face of the economic conditions.Several of <mask>'s books were translated into German in the early 1920s. <mask> was an acknowledged influence on the writings of Spain's Ramiro de Maeztu (1875–1936), who was murdered by Communists in the early days of the Spanish Civil War. Distributism
The somewhat complex British development of distributism emerged as a conjuncture of ideas of <mask>, Hilaire Belloc and the Chestertons, Cecil and Gilbert. It reflected in part a first split from the Fabian socialists of the whole New Age group, in the form of the Fabian Arts Group of 1907. Orage was a believer in Guild socialism for a period. After C. H. Douglas met Orage in 1918, and Orage invented the term Social Credit for the Douglas theories, there was in effect a further split into 'left' (Social Crediters) and 'right' (distributist) thinkers. This is, though, fairly misleading as a classification; it was also to some extent a split between theosophist and Catholic camps.Penty associated with the Catholic Ditchling Community. <mask> went with the distributists. Distributism in the 1920s took its own direction, as Belloc wrote his version of it in the period 1920 to 1925 and connected it with his political theories. The British Labour Party declared against Social Credit in 1922. Works
 The Restoration of the Gild System, Swan Sonnenschein and Co., 1906. "The Restoration of the Guild System," The New Age, Vol. XIII, No.14, 1913. "The Restoration of the Guild System II," The New Age, Vol. XIII, No. 15, 1913. "The Restoration of the Guild System III," The New Age, Vol. XIII, No. 16, 1913."The Restoration of the Guild System IV," The New Age, Vol. XIII, No. 17, 1913. "The Restoration of the Guild System V," The New Age, Vol. XIII, No. 18, 1913. "The Restoration of the Guild System VI," The New Age, Vol.XIII, No. 19, 1913. "The Restoration of the Guild System VII," The New Age, Vol. XIII, No. 20, 1913. "The Peril of Large Organisations," The New Age, Vol. X, No.13, 1912. "Art as a Factor in Social Reform," The New Age, Vol. XIV, No. 13, 1914. "Art and National Guilds," The New Age, Vol. XIV, No. 16, 1914."Art and Revolution," The New Age, Vol. XIV, No. 20, 1914. "Guilds and Versatility," The New Age, Vol. XIV, No. 21, 1914. "Aestheticism and History," The New Age, Vol.XIV, No. 22, 1914. "The Leisure State," The New Age, Vol. XIV, No. 23, 1914. "The Upside Down Problem," The New Age, Vol. XIV, No.24, 1914. "Mediaevalism and Modernism," The New Age, Vol. XIV, No. 25, 1914. "Art and Plutocracy," The New Age, Vol. XV, No. 1, 1914."Fabians, Pigeons, and Dogs," The New Age, Vol. XV, No. 2, 1914. "Liberty and Art," The New Age, Vol. XV, No. 5, 1914. Essays on Post-Industrialism (1914) edited with Ananda Kentish Coomaraswamy
 Old Worlds for New, George Allen & Unwin ltd., 1917."After the War," The New Age, Vol. XX, No. 11, 1917, pp. 246–248. "The Function of the State," The New Age, Vol. XXII, No. 9, 1917, pp.165–166. "National Guilds v. the Class War," The New Age, Vol. XXIII, No. 16, 1918, pp. 250–253. "Dance of Siva," The New Age, Vol. XXIII, No.17, 1918, pp. 274–275. "On the Class War Again," The New Age, Vol. XXIII, No. 21, 1918, pp. 330–331. "Syndicalism and the Neo-Marxians," The New Age, Vol.XXIII, No. 24, 1918, pp. 376–377. "The Neo-Marxians and the Materialist Conception of History," The New Age, Vol. XXIII, No. 25, 1918, pp. 393–394."A Guildsman's Interpretation of History," The New Age, Vol. XXIV, No. 1, 1918, pp. 5–7. "National Guild Theory," The New Age, Vol. XXIV, No. 2, 1918, p. 31."A Guildsman's Interpretation of History: From Rome to the Guilds," The New Age, Vol. XXIV, No. 3, 1918, pp. 38–41. Guilds and the Social Crisis, G. Allen & Unwin ltd., 1919. The Guild Alternative. A Guildsman's Interpretation of History, George Allen & Unwin ltd., 1920 [1st Pub.1919; reprinted by IHS Press, 2004]. Guilds, Trade and Agriculture, George Allen & Unwin ltd., 1921. Post Industrialism, with a Preface by G. K. Chesterton, George Allen & Unwin ltd., 1922. "The Obstacle of Industrialism." In The Return of Christendom, George Allen & Unwin, Ltd.
 Gilden, Gewerbe und Landwirtschaft (1922) translated by Otto Eccius
 Towards a Christian Sociology (1923),
 Agriculture and the unemployed (1925) with William Wright
 The Elements of Domestic Design (1930)
 Means and Ends (1932). Communism and the Alternative (1933)
 Distributism: A Manifesto (1937)
 The Gauntlet: A Challenge to the Myth of Progress (2002) collection, introduction by Peter Chojnowski
 Distributist Perspectives: Volume 1 – Essays on the Economics of Justice and Charity (2004) with others

References
 Kiernan, Edward J. <mask><mask>: his Contribution to Social Thought, The Catholic University of America Press, 1941. Matthews, Frank."The Ladder of Becoming: A.R.Orage, A.J<mask> and the Origins of Guild Socialism in England," in David E. Martin and David Rubenstein (editors), Ideology and Labour Movement, 1979. Thistlewood, David. "A. J<mask> (1875–1937) and the Legacy of 19th-Century English Domestic Architecture," The Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians, Vol. 46, No. 4, Dec. 1987. Sokolow, Asa Daniel."The Political Theory of <mask><mask>," The Yale Literary Magazine, 1940. Notes

1875 births
1937 deaths
English Christian socialists
English political writers
Members of the Fabian Society
People from York
Architects from Yorkshire
Distributism

masks:
Arthur Joseph Penty
Penty
Walter Green Penty
Arthur Penty
Walter Green Penty
Penty
Arthur Penty
. Penty
Arthur
Penty
Penty
Penty
Penty
Penty
Penty
Penty
Penty
Penty
Penty
Arthur J
. Penty
. Penty
. Penty
Arthur J
. Penty