title: Luis Cernuda

texts: grown tired of the limited range of literature championed by the French surrealists and was starting to interest himself in English and German poetry. He began to learn the languages in order to read them. He discovered a new vision of the world and a new means of poetic expression when he traveled to Hlderlin. In a note that he wrote to accompany some translations of Hlderlin, <mask> describes himself as a living echo of pagan myths. He thinks that Hlderlin's poetry is similar to that of Keats, but he is not so far away from the prophetic songs of the latter. <mask> identifies himself with Hlderlin as he describes his feelings about the world he lived in. The secret forces of earth are the only realities that are different from society.One day, the poet was discovered at the feet of some Classical statues in a Paris park. There are two poems in Invocaciones that invoke ancient Greek gods. In Hlderlin's "Die Heimat", sadness is seen as a gift from the gods to mankind. Hlderlin is an influence on <mask> because they share a pantheistic vision of Nature, a sense of tragic destiny, and the same conviction that society was hostile. The "Egloga", "Oda", and "De qué pas" are themes from Los placeres prohibidos. He bought a copy of the Greek anthology in Paris in 1936. The style of these poems and epigrams stimulated him.After moving to Great Britain in September of 1938, <mask> continued his exploration of English literature. He was struck by their lack of ornamentation compared to Spanish and French poetry. He found that a poet could achieve a deeper poetic effect by avoiding bombast and grandiloquence. He liked the way that


title: Luis Cernuda

type: paraphrased

texts: a poet doesn't gain as much variety of experience and knowledge, his work will be pallid and restricted. The growth, intellectual and emotional development of a poet should be reflected in his work. When he describes things, it is his individual perception of them that he is trying to convey, rather than their objective existence. He rarely uses the first person. He tries to distance himself from his poetry by using the "t" form, but the person he is addressing is usually himself. He seems to have a self-conscious interior monologue in his poetry. He was aware of the difference between the Cernuda who lived and suffered and the Cernuda who wrote poetry.It is probably a result of his natural reticence and caution against revealing too much of himself, despite the fact that personal history is behind much of his output. Browning might use a figure such as Fra Lippo Lippi to live imaginatively what he would not present as his own experience, but <mask>'s characters have versions or aspects of his own thoughts and feelings. He was convinced that he was driven by an inner daimon to write poetry and that the poet is in touch with a spiritual aspect of life that normal people are either blind or shut off from. He alludes to it frequently in his writings. His desire to write poetry was not under his control. It was important to try to express the real, deep-lying poetic impulse which was sometimes powerful enough to make him shiver or burst into tears. He was vulnerable enough to know that he had an audience, even though he was self-absorbed and dedicated to the art of writing poetry.There were rumors of a good reception for the edition


title: Luis Cernuda

texts: of Como quien espera el alba that was published in Buenos Aires in 1947. He was happy to learn that he was starting to find an audience and that his name was being mentioned when Spanish poetry was discussed. He met the German philosopher and linguist Hans Gebser while writing Invocaciones. This was at a time when <mask> began to appreciate the poetry of Hlderlin and he began to translate selected poems. In 1936, these appeared in Cruz y Raya. He made an error when he translated the final line of a poem. Since Bergamn did not advise him of this and <mask> was living in Scotland at the time, he was unable to correct this and other infelicities.<mask> tried to get him to exclude any poems by Guillén, Salinas or Dmaso Alonso from the anthology because they were teachers rather than poets. The anthology was published in Berlin in 1936 after Alonso was excluded. He translated a set of 6 poems by Eluard. He collaborated with Stanley Richardson to translate 2 sonnets by Wordsworth. Romance was published in 1940 and contained poems by Yeats,Blake, and Keats. The first volume of Poesa y literatura contained three poems by Yeats, Browning and Marvell. He did not like his life in Glasgow.He began to feel a longing for his childhood days when he felt exiled from happiness and love. He thought of the South as a lost paradise. When he was living in Glasgow in the 1940's, he was inspired to start writing prose poems because of the contrast between the city and his hometown of Seville. He finally found a title that pleased him in a work by Goethe. Ocnos was a mythical Roman figure who twisted reeds into ropes and found that his donkey ate them.

masks: Cernuda Cernuda Cernuda


title: Luis Cernuda

texts: He continued to work in order to give himself something to do. The creator continually trying to create and the donkey symbolising time the destroyer, standing in the place of the reading public, was a fitting irony.The first edition was published in London in 1942. A second edition of prose poetry was published in Madrid in 1949, with 48 pieces. <mask>'s childhood and adolescence were the focus of the first edition. He gave a biographical sequence to the pieces in the second edition. The final edition was published in Mexico in 1963. One of the periods of inspired creativity was when he was writing "Un ro, un amor" and "Los placeres prohibidos". There are overlaps between his poems and prose poems."Jardn antiguo" is a prose poem and a poem in Las nubes. The gardens of the Alczar of Seville inspired both of them. An old man dreams of coming back to the walled garden with its fountain, lemon trees, magnolias and birds. He knows that youth won't come back and that's why he dreams of their return. A deeper reflection on his connection to that place can be found in the description of the garden in Ocnos. It concludes with a statement of the gap between reality and desire. Aquel jardn y sentarte de nuevo al borde de la fuente, comprendiste el da.You had to understand that neither action nor enjoyment could be lived with the level of detail that they had in their dreams at the edge of the fountain. Even though you were far away and in a strange land, you wanted to return to that garden and sit on the edge of the fountain to dream again of your youth. "<mask> hints that these introspective and poetic labours are all in vain, as he

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texts: recalls the loci of ephemeral harmony, increases his knowledge and self-knowledge, and crafts his ruminations," wrote John Taylor. The donkey is chewing the rope. In "El esto" and "El amante", he recalls the pleasures of a holiday in Mlaga in 1933, and there is room for the occasional celebration. Carmona is the only other person we know of who had an affair with <mask>. The prose poems share an affinity of mood and subject-matter with a poem written around the same time, "Elega anticipada", in which he declares that their love has broken out of the prisons of time.In "Ciudad caledonia", he describes his dislike of Glasgow, as well as his dislike of the people. It was useless in his life apart from work and he was consuming what youthfulness he had left. One prose poem, "Escrito en el agua" (Written in the water), was excluded from the second edition of Ocnos by the censors in Franco's Spain. He had a reputation of being anti-Franco and a homosexual who was anti-religion and anti- family values, so his writings were likely to come under close scrutiny from the censors. It was not included in the third edition. Taylor points out that the title is a translation of "Here lies One Whose Name was Writ in Water". It was too rhetorical in tone.It is an account of how reality destroys all hopes and dreams. In "El acorde" there is an extended meditation on his conception of Cosmic harmony, a unity of feeling and consciousness that comes fleetingly, a moment of ecstasy. He writes that the closest thing to it is entering another body in the act of love and obtaining oneness with life by way of the lover's body. "La lengua" is the first


title: Luis Cernuda

texts: piece in this book. Although he had been in contact with many Hispanic people, he missed the feeling of being in his native language. His visit to Mexico in the summer of 1949 seems to have started his inspiration. His next collection of poetry is called Con las horas contadas.The collection was published in 1952 after he returned to Mount Holyoke. The introduction talks about the lack of interest in Mexico shown by writers from Spain. He had no interest in the country as a child. After arriving in America, his curiosity was sparked by chance. The love is explored in these pieces as curiosity turned into interest. One of the sunniest collections of <mask>'s is this one. The sad reflection of Ocnos is gone.He is enchanted by the viceroy's palace. He can't imagine that he would want to leave if he were allowed to stay. The sight of native children begging reminds him of his homeland. His initial impulse was to return to the USA but he came to realize that the country is still alive despite its poverty. He thinks that poverty is the price you pay for being alive. The USA is vacuous and trivial. He describes how the landscape of Spain is taking control of him, like it must have done over the conquistadors.There is a scene of indolent sensuality. "Ocio" is a reflection on the need to be productive. He feels like he is back in his hometown in "El patio". He was able to recover it. In "La posesin", he talks about his desire to blend with the land. He observes in "Centro del hombre" that he no longer feels like a stranger. He had been living in two places, one with his body and one with his soul.They are back together: con todo o con


title: Luis Cernuda

texts: casi todo concordabas, y las cosas, aire, luz, paisaje, criaturas, te eran amigas. Things, air, light, landscape, creatures, were friends with you. There can only be fleeting moments of harmony and union, each of which is like a pearl between its two valves. He had to keep his feelings private and hide his tears on the plane. He said that this would add to the legend of his being dry and cold-hearted. He published a set of three short stories in 1948. The stories are "El Viento en la Colina", "El Indolente" and "El Sarao".The stories "Sombras en el saln" and "En la costa de Santiniebla" were published in 1937. "Not only literary and aesthetic questions were debated but quarrels and affairs of the heart: love, disillusion, dislikes..." It seems to be a fictionalised account of the breakdown of <mask>'s. In 1937-38, he completed a play called La familia interrumpida. It was published posthumously in 1988. In 1931, he wrote 9 pages of a play that he never finished. He translated Shakespeare's Troilus and Cressida into Spanish during his time in London. This task gave him a lot of satisfaction and taught him a lot.He thanks E.M.Wilson for his help in clarifying difficult passages. Professor of Spanish Literature at King's College, London, Wilson was a British scholar of Spanish Golden Age theatre. Wilson was on a scholarship at the Residencia de Estudiantes when they met. When he was at Mount Holyoke, <mask> finished his translation. It was published in nsula with sponsorship from the British Council. The first act of Romeo and Juliet was translated by him. Many of the critical essays that <mask> wrote were published in newspapers


title: Luis Cernuda

texts: or magazines.He brought out 4 collections of his most important pieces towards the end of his life. The first was Estudios de poesa espaola contempornea. He began work on the articles that comprise it in 1954. From the 19th century onwards, <mask> gives a survey of what seem to be the most important currents in Spanish poetry. He starts with Ramn de Campoamor. He begins his general essay on "Modernismo and the Generation of 1898" by covering Bécquer andRosala de Castro. Individual essays on Miguel de Unamuno and Juan Ramn Jiménez follow.He started with Len Felipe, followed by Gmez de la Serna, and ended with Salinas, Guilln, Lorca, Diego, Alberti, and Altolaguirre. He thinks about developments since 1936 at the end of the collection. The first publication of these articles was in a magazine called México en la Cultura. The uproar caused by the essays on Juan Ramn Jiménez, Salinas and Guillén delayed the publication of the collected articles. It was published in 1957 in a heavily bowdlerised version that did not include chapters about Guillén, Aleixandre, Altolaguirre, Diego and Alberti. His next collection was Pensamiento poético en la lrica inglesa. It is more interesting as an indication of Cernuda's interests than as a work of criticism since it was written in Mexico at a time when he didn't have access to a proper English language library.His audience was attracted by the novelty of a study of English poetry written by a Spaniard. In a letter dated March 3, 1961, <mask> states that "English literature, from my arrival in England (1938) until now, has been part of my daily reading." He wrote of his fascination with the


title: Luis Cernuda

texts: tradition of poet-critics in English literature, comparing unfavourably the writings of such people as Sainte-Be. He was inspired by the essays "The Frontiers of Criticism" and "Tradition and the Individual Talent". The collection shows how extensive and deep his reading of English literature was. The most important essays or articles on literary themes were gathered in these collections. They show the range of his reading, covering authors as diverse as Galds, Goethe, Hlderlin, Cervantes, Marvell, Browning, Yeats, Gide, Rilke, Ronald Firbank, and Dashiell Hammett.The full range of his critical career is covered by the dates of the essays from 1935 to 1963. The first volume is the main interest for students of Cernuda. Two of the most revealing accounts of his poetics and starting-points for all Cernuda criticism can be found in this book. The text of a lecture was edited for publication in 1941. He starts by talking about the purpose of poetry, which is to convey his personal experience of the world. He talks about reality versus desire in this lecture. He wants to find a plane of existence where the objective and subjective dimensions of the world are eliminated.There is a distinction between the world's deceptive appearance and the hidden reality. He is able to synthesise the invisible underlying reality and its deceiving appearance by developing a "daimonic power" in the universe. The poet Hlderlin was destroyed by a force powerful enough to do this. The first part of the " Historial" was published in 1959 in México en la Cultura. The account of <mask>'s intellectual development gives an insight into how he became a poet and


title: Luis Cernuda

texts: how his poetry evolved over time. Arthur Terry wrote in the Bulletin of Hispanic Studies that it was the most remarkable piece of self-analysis by a Spanish poet. It is very reticent about his emotional development.He obliquely mentions the love affairs that inspired Los placeres prohibidos, Donde habite el olvido and "Poemas para un Cuerpo". He came to the attention of Pedro Salinas in his first year at Seville University, and recorded that he would probably never have found his vocation as a poet had it not been for the older man. His attitude towards Salinas seems to have been complex and can be judged from his writings. His political militancy made it difficult for him to tolerate friends who he had come to consider bourgeois, such as Guillén and Salinas. Even though he might have reverted to friendly terms with Salinas and Guillén (and this was right at the start of his relationship with Aleixandre, when he viewed him as a comfortable bourgeois), in a collection of essays published in 1957. When it comes to poetry, a true poet has to break away from society in some way, even if he might live a lifestyle that looks totally conventional from the outside. He doesn't like the playful qualities in Salinas's poetry and he doesn't like his refusal to deal with profound subjects.He sees the change that came over Salinas's poetry with La voz a ti debida as just another game, a desire to show that he was as human as the next man. The poetry of Salinas was so alien to <mask> that he was antipathetic to it. His personal relationship with Salinas had probably never fully recovered from the blow of his apparent rejection of Perfil del


title: Luis Cernuda

texts: aire in 1927. His review of the first edition of La realidad y el deseo was not enough to appease Cernuda. Salinas wrote an introduction to an anthology of Spanish poetry that was published in the 1940s and referred to <mask> as el ms Licenciado Vidriera de los poetas. In a poem called "Malentendu", which was included in Desolacin de la Quimera, <mask> launched a bitter attack on a man who, he claims, consistently misunderstood and ill-treated him. His contacts with Guillén seem to have been sporadic.When Perfil del aire first appeared, <mask> valued his words and he didn't seem to have done anything to vex him. The later collections had not begun to appear when Cntico was written about. The poet who wrote in "Beato silln" has a different view of reality than <mask>. <mask> respects his dedication to his poetry and his commitment to revising it. He regrets that Guillén didn't spend a lot of time expounding a limited view of life. He believes that Guillén draws everything he sees into a bourgeois viewpoint. Guillén's life and works become a family affair when he writes about Lorca.His assessment ends in two different ways. He thinks Guiillén is like Patmore, a forgotten 19thc poet. One of the best poets of his generation is a British poet. One of the first things that <mask> did when he arrived in Madrid was to visit Vicente Aleixandre. They met for the first time. <mask> blames his own timidity and distrust for the fact that they did not immediately become friends. He didn't realize until a later date that his visit had been during the hours when Aleixandre would normally be resting.He was struck by Aleixandre's calmness and the

masks: Cernuda Cernuda Cernuda Cernuda Cernuda Cernuda Cernuda


title: Luis Cernuda

texts: sense of ease that he instills in others. This was the reason why <mask> didn't want to see Aleixandre again. When he returned to Madrid from Toulouse in June of 1929, he met another person, but he didn't know who he was. Over the course of many meetings, <mask>'s reserve and distrust faded. His friendship with Vicente was the closest he had ever had. They met in the house of Aleixandre, sometimes with Lorca and Altolaguirre there as well. Ian Gibson says that Aleixandre became one of Lorca's closest friends because he had a special gift for friendship.<mask> notes his skill as an attentive and sympathetic listener. He was trusted with the intimate confessions of many of his friends. The struggle of a man of intense feeling trapped inside a sick body is an analogous situation to his own struggle. Not even Aleixandre was able to escape from <mask>'s sensitivity about his future reputation. In the 1950s, he wrote a few essays about his memories of <mask>, which were written in the late 1920s and early 1930s. He describes his friend's lack of interest in the world. There was no attempt to see if that old image still fitted the man who had been through so much.There was no attempt to remove the poetry written by <mask> from the man who had known him. One of the most important things in his life was his relationship with Lorca. He met Lorca in December of 1927 during the celebrations for Gngora. He wrote an article about this meeting in 1938. They met on the patio of the hotel. The contrast between Lorca's large, eloquent, melancholy eyes and his thickset peasant's body was striking. He was not impressed by his theatrical manner and

masks: Cernuda Cernuda Cernuda Cernuda Cernuda Cernuda


title: Luis Cernuda

texts: he was surrounded by people who looked like matadors.He took me by the arm and we left the others. He met Lorca in Madrid three years after he returned from Cuba and New York. He noticed that he was less precious, less melancholy and more emotional. Considering the friendship between them and his admiration for Lorca, <mask> is dispassionate in his assessments of Lorca's poetry. He is not a fan of the Romancero gitano, for example, because of the lack of narrative in many of the individual poems and the theatricality of the collection as a whole. The son of a wealthy family who is comfortable in his very bourgeois status is able to mock Canciones because he knows that it will not cost anything. This is a fleeting characteristic in Lorca, but more persistent in Alberti.For <mask>, poetry is a serious business and he doesn't approve of people who take it lightly. It shows how his criticism is guided by his principles. He tends to be more tolerant of poets who are like him. He seems to approve of the fact that after the success of the Romancero gitano, he continued along his own path. In Poeta en Nueva York, a collection not published in Spain in Lorca's lifetime, <mask> identifies the heart of the collection as "Oda a Walt Whitman". This is interesting as it is a poem in which Lorca clearly shows his identification with homosexuals but <mask>'s reference is rather obscure - in it the poet gives voice to a feeling that was the very reason of his existence and work. It is a pity that this poem is so confused because of that.He was at the premiere of the play in Madrid on March 8, 1933. He doesn't mention it or any of the plays by

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texts: Lorca in his writings. At the end of the chapter on Lorca, he notes that at the time of his death, he had a lot more to say and that his style was developing. To ensure that the image of Lorca was not academicised, and that he remained a figure of vitality, rebellion and nonconformism, <mask>uda published an open letter to the famous critic Dmaso Alonso in response to an article. The year in which Perfil del aire appeared in Mlaga and the year in which <mask> was still a boy, neither represent his mature work. He points out that he was 25 years old at the time.Alonso should remember that his poems had already been published in other places. In his later essay, Historial de un libro, he used the same expression to show his confusion at the hostile reviews to his first collection. He dislikes Alonso's use of the word "mature". He points out that the poet was young and expecting maturity in his early work. The key factor for him is whether the poem has artistic merit or not. After the passage of time, he still prefers some of his earlier poems to some of the later ones. He complains that the critique is a repetition of the initial critical reaction in 1927.In Historial de un libro, he states that there are poets who find their audience at once and poets who have to wait for an audience to come to them. He's one of the latter. When people like Alonso, who rejected his early work and still call it immature, now say he is a fine poet, he takes that to mean that they are picking up on the positive reactions of people 20 years younger to his recent works. This is a key theme of <mask>'s final collection. In "Malentendu", he shows his

masks: Cernudarn Cernuda Cernuda


title: Luis Cernuda

texts: fear that his own reputation could be influenced by the perception of someone such as Pedro Salinas. In "Otra vez, con sentimiento", he is uneasy on behalf of Lorca. Alonso had written a tribute to Lorca in the same article.<mask> wants to save his old friend from being appropriated by reactionary forces, defend his unconventional lifestyle, and prevent him from being free to live in Franco's Spain. Alberti was one of the people that he met for the first time in the Gngora celebrations. Alberti says he is "dark, thin, extremely refined and methodical". Alberti probably never became close to <mask>, although the latter contributed to many of the former's journals during the early 1930s. Alberti invited him to contribute to the celebratory album that he was editing, but <mask> did not follow it up. His relationship with Alberti is suggestive of the pathways that led to his initial contact with surrealism. He wrote a piece for Alberti's magazine Octubre in 1933.He calls for a revolution inspired by communism to destroy bourgeois society. He wrote in 1937 that the poet is a revolutionary with full awareness of his responsibility. He did not expect poets to get involved in revolutionary actions by that time. For a poet to take the course of direct action is absurd and tends to ruin the poet as a poet according to an essay he wrote in 1950. His response to Alberti's work seems to be affected by this attitude. Alberti's poetry lacks interiority and he seems to lack any sense of self. Alberti was a virtuoso versifier, able to copy the way of Gil Vicente or any other folk poet.Alberti shows a lot of humor in his first three collections.


title: Luis Cernuda

texts: Alberti does not rise above the level of his models, such as Gngora and Guillén in Cal y canto, because he sees Alberti as a parodist rather than an original poet. The reader thinks that Alberti is an example of a poet who found his public immediately, because he became so successful so quickly. These thoughts were written in his essay in Estudios sobre poesa espaola contempornea on Alberti and seem to derive from Eliot's essay "Tradition and the Individual Talent", because he goes on to draw a contrast between writers who are readily accepted While praising his poetic fluency and virtuosity, <mask> stated that his work is basically devoid of passion and emotion and that he had nothing to say. <mask> wonders if Alberti's recognition of the social injustice of Spain was the inspiration for him to write political poetry because it is difficult to see any fundamental change in his ideas and feelings. He remains committed to traditional poetic forms despite the fact that the political poems are not very different from his previous phase.<mask> writes that Alberti's commitment to Communism doesn't stop him from turning to a political subject-matter in which the reader can divine nostalgia for his former success. Variations of his old themes are churned out in an attempt to revive this. There was a close bond between Altolaguirre and his family. The critical consensus is that he was not a minor poet, despite the fact that he devoted separate chapters in both Estudios to poesa espaola contempornea and Poesa y literatura to the poetry of Altolaguirre. In "Supervivencias tribales en el medio," he defends his dead friend from people who


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texts: have forgotten or never knew his rare gifts as a poet. It's like an echo of his fears for what will happen to his reputation after death - will people remember him or turn to the legends promulgated by people like Salinas. The wedding of Altolaguirre and Concha took place in June of 1932.<mask> dedicated a poem to him after their first child died in childbirth. They lived in the same building in Madrid from 1935 to 1936 and in Mexico from 1936 to 1936. It seems like this was his real family at times. There are two poems that suggest this. "Animula, vagula, blandula" is a poem about watching Altolaguirre's five-year-old grandson, whom he nicknamed Entelechy, playing in the garden and wondering how his fate will differ from his own. "Hablando a Manona" is a nursery rhyme that is addressed to their granddaughter. The generation of 1898 <mask>'s best writing tends to be about writers who inspired him.The writing about the Generation of 1898 is objective but lacking in sympathy. He seems to have found it hard to forge personal relations with them. He said that Juan Ramn Jiménez and Valle-Incln neglected to listen to other people because they were so intent on their own speech. He recalled that Antonio was so revered by Alberti that he spoke little and listened to less. He respected Unamuno more as a poet than a philosopher. "He always understood very little when it came to poetry" and "with his strange ignorance of poetic matters" are some of the things that were said by Ortega y Gasset. He made it clear in his 1963 essay that he admires his integrity as an artist and human being.He doesn't rate his poetry very highly, he doesn't


title: Luis Cernuda

texts: comment on his novels often, and he doesn't like to watch plays. In his study, he found similarities with his own poetic practice. He finds echoes of Bécquer in the early poems of Soledades. These poems bring together the real and the suprasensible with a rarely achieved identification. The notes of Juan de Mairena began to appear in 1925, and he is drawn to them. He finds the "sharpest commentary on the epoch" in these. <mask> doesn't like the idea of the poet's focus on Castile, which he sees as negating the essence of Machado's best poetry.The first poem of the "Dptico espaol" from Desolacin de la Quimera is a rant against Spain that is difficult to reconcile with a strand of <mask>'s own poetry. The contrast between modern Spain after the Civil War and the glorious past is one of the major themes of <mask>'s work. One aspect of Machado that he focuses on is his use of language and how he fails when he tries to emulate the type of popular language described by German Romantics. He dislikes the attempt to write a popular song, "La tierra de Alvargonzlez". According to Octavio Paz, "Jiménez and Antonio Machado always confused popular language with spoken language, and that's why they identify the latter with traditional song." Jiménez believed that folklore was the most refined art and that the true aristocracy resided in the people. The member of that generation who had the most impact on him is Jiménez.In his study of Unamuno, he makes a comment that seems to relate to his own practice as a writer, his preoccupation with creating and perpetuate himself in his poetry, transforming the circumstances of his life into myth. He


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texts: met Jiménez in October of 1925. The meeting had been arranged by Pedro Salinas and he suggested to <mask> that he should ask one of his friends, whose father was a warden of the Alczar, for permission to visit the gardens out of hours. <mask>'s account is interesting. He was taken aback by the presence of such an important figure. Jiménez's shyness and lack of interest in women put him at a disadvantage, as well as the presence of his wife, Zenobia Camprub. He was listening to the master.Jiménez was very kind to him that evening. At that time, he was something of a hero to <mask> and he notes how much effort it cost him to free himself from Jiménez's type of egoistic, subjective poetry with no connection to the world and life, which was so influential in Spanish cultural circles at that time In his essay, "Los Dos Juan Ramn Jiménez", he analyses the personality of Jiménez. He was a famous poet and worthy of admiration and respect. He was the man who launched abusive attacks on literary figures. The latter side became more and more dominant. He took against the poets of <mask>'s own generation at first and then turned to print.The effect of printing vilifications right to the end of his life was to turn <mask>'s former admiration into indifference or even worse. The satirical poem included in Desolacin de la Quimera was written by <mask>. His essays identify all the elements that he cast off, such as the impressionistic symbolism, hermeticism, thefragment of his poems, his inability to sustain a thought, and the lack of desire to go beyond the surface of things. In 1962, he wrote an essay titled "Jiménez y Yeats" and included it


title: Luis Cernuda

texts: in a book. The translation of Yeats's poem "A Coat" was included in E.M. Wilson's survey of <mask>'s literary borrowings. Wilson writes that one can point out minor infidelities, but the translation has life of its own and fulfilled its purpose in <mask>'s essay: a rod for the back of Juan Ramn Jiménez. Jiménez is a more limited poet than Yeats because he put his poetry to one side in order to campaign for Irish Home Rule and to work as director of the Abbey Theatre in Dublin.He didn't involve himself with ethical considerations at all. His sexual awakening seems to have coincide with the birth of his desire to write poetry, around the age of 14, but it was many years later before he really came to terms with this side of himself. His emotional development was influenced by the writings of Gide. In Historial de un libro, <mask> wrote that his introduction to the works of Gide was when Pedro Salinas gave him Prétextes or Nouveaux Prétextes to read, followed by Morceaux Choisis, which is a selection by Gide himself of passages from his works The way for him to resolve or at least reconcile himself with a vital, decisive problem within him was opened by these books. There are works that deal with the topic of homosexuality. Gide is included in the section of Les Caves du Vatican where Lafcadio Wluiki pushes Amédée Fleurissoire out of a moving train just from curiosity as to whether he can actually bring himself to do it.<mask> commented, "I fell in love with his youth, his grace, his freedom, his audacity." The poem "Los marineros son las alas del amor" in Los placeres prohibidos is redolent of this. He wrote a fan letter to


title: Luis Cernuda

texts: Lafcadio, which was printed in El Heraldo de Madrid in 1931. "The only real thing in the end is the free man, who does not feel part of anything, but lives wholly perfect and unique in the midst of nature, free from imposed and polluting customs." In his essay of 1946, he writes that the figure of Gide isn't that of a man who doesn't search for the divine, but that of a man who exalts himself. He was affected by the idea of total hedonism without any guilt. In Book 1 of Les Nourritures Terrestres, there is an idea that he takes from Gide.Nathaniel, each of my desires has enriched me more than the object of my desire. The dignity and integrity of the desire are more important than hedonism and the exaltation of desire. The object of the desire is not what gives virtue. "What he holds in his arms is life itself, rather than a desired body," said Cernuda. The transience of love is accepted as a normal phenomenon in Los placeres prohibidos, because it is the nature of love that supersedes everything. Following Gide's example, <mask> becomes concerned with maintaining his integrity. He will live according to his values, which include rejection of conventional sexual mores and acceptance of his homosexuality.The second book of Octavio Paz's surrealist period is called Los placeres prohibidos, which means "Forbidden Pleasures" in Spanish. One might have expected Los placeres pervertidos (Perverse Pleasures) to be called by him. <mask>'s reading of Gide was thorough. The works mentioned in his essay include the "Journals", Les cahiers d' Walter, Le Traité du Narcisse, Paludes, Le Prométhée Mal Enchané, Les Nourritures Terrestres, Amy.


title: Luis Cernuda

texts: Gide's memoirs, Si le grain ne meurt, is one of the most interesting passages. Many of the episodes recounted in this book had formed the basis for his previous works; however, this new account is not so much a repetition as a complement to the previous versions. The reader gets a better idea of what was happening.Gide's works are heightened when they can be understood in the light of the memoirs. Historial de un libro was written to recount the story of the personal events that lie behind the verse of La realidad y el deseo. "After all, we cannot know anyone better than our self," said Gide and <mask>. At times, it seems that the two writers are the same. Gide was struck by the gardens of the Alczar when he visited Seville in 1892 with his mother. "What of the Alcazar?" was the question that made its way into Les nourritures terrestres. As a Persian garden!I think I prefer it to the others. I think of Hafiz when I read it. In "Jardn antiguo", <mask> describes a similar sense of transcendence. During Semana Santa, Gide enjoyed the sensuality of the celebrations. He describes how the corsets were loosened and the morals were thrown off in his journals. He took a few years to come to terms with his sexuality after meeting Jiménez and Lorca. He left Seville in 1928 after his mother's death.He seems to have developed his sense of difference during that time. Salinas commented on his "well-cut suit, a perfectly-knotted tie" during his time at the University of Seville. During his stay in Madrid, he assumed the pose of a man who frequents bars, drinks cocktails, and affects English shirts, discussed in an article by Villena. Villena


title: Luis Cernuda

texts: thinks it's a sign of a refined hermit trying to hide his hyper-sensitivity and repressed desire for love. He wrote to a friend in Toulouse that he was starting to think he was too well-dressed. Two months later, he wrote to a friend complaining that he had only been able to make female friends because the young men were too coarse for him. He says that he wears his moustache in a similar way to Don Alvarado.A certain friend once claimed to convince the writer of this that he dressed and adorned himself not to attract but rather to rebuff people from his side. If an elegant woman attracts, the elegant man repels. dandyism is one of the ways to get to the solitude of the wasteland. The combination of his contact with the world, especially the atmosphere of Paris which he visited in the university vacations, the rebellion of the surrealists, the influence of Gide, and his fight against bourgeois tendencies were all related. His dandified style of dressing has continued for the rest of his life. In 1950, he stayed overnight withJorge Guillén and the latter wrote to Pedro Salinas, "What a blue robe with white spots...what a smell of perfume in the passageway on the following morning!" For a long time, the reactions of critics to <mask>'s poetry were based on a caricature of his personality - the shy, but prickly person so quick to take offence.One of his closest friends, Concha de Albornoz, wrote about his climate changing. I feel close to him sometimes and distant at other times. It was difficult for him to make friends. Many of the people who knew him allude to his shyness and this is a trait that is related to the critical


title: Luis Cernuda

texts: comments he makes in his writings about his peers, which are sometimes so harsh that it is hard to believe they were ever friends or colleagues. <mask> was aware of his reputation being of a tortured individual and this became a concern for him in his later years. He criticizes his countrymen for the way they have accepted his perception without trying to see if it is justified. He made it clear that this "legend" is a gross distortion of reality.Tristes cuentos de m por amigos. A la persona misma as traspuesta, jams quisisteis Ni ocasin buscasteis. Did I say my legend? Four friends made sad tales about me. You never wanted to check to see if they fitted that person. It seems likely that the four friends were Juan Ramn Jiménez, Pedro Salinas, Vicente Aleixandre and José Moreno Villa. Jiménez shows him to be very sick.<mask>'s solitariness is emphasized by Aleixandre. He was shown as timid, solitary and fragile by Salinas. The tortured side of Moreno Villa's character was the focus of his autobiography. He was 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217


title: Luis Cernuda

texts: 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 They say he cried in front of the windows of clothes's shops because he couldn't buy some silk shirts, but I have seen him almost in tears for not having friends or anyone to love him. The young man they knew in the 1920s and 1930s was referred to in all of these accounts but he was not written about until 1955. Jiménez's account was the only contemporary one.They don't seem to have thought of revising their opinion of Cernuda's character. There is a fundamental problem with the belief that the poetry is the man. They project the brittle, languid, effete personality of the man they knew onto his poetry even though it reveals a very partial, incomplete and misleading reading. It is not related to the use of the Doppelgnger device, the passion of the surrealist poems, or the later poems of reflection and self-examination. It was possible for a critic to say in 1962, "he is so accustomed by now to live surrounded only by the creations of his own mind - who obey him always and are much more easily controlled than people - that real company is bothering him." The main theme of Cernuda criticism was the projection of the unbalanced ideas of the man onto the poetry - a man seeking to escape from the real world. In 1965, a different viewpoint began to emerge."<mask>'s work is an exploration of himself...He said it himself, 'I have only tried, like every man, to find my truth, my own.'" The work of Cernuda leads to our own selves. That is what makes it moral. <mask> is not an effete man of glass but a moralist. This is implied by the


title: Luis Cernuda

texts: title he chose for his work, La realidad y el deseo. He criticizes poets who try to ignore reality, such as Juan Ramn Jiménez. "<mask> defends liberty, anti-conventionalism, joy, faithfulness to your own destiny, the individual leading the way for other people, a blend of stoicism and epicureanism."The satirical poems in <mask>'s final collection are not just personal attacks but also defences of a moral code that is different from that held by the person being attacked, a different set of ethics. A younger generation of Spanish writers were interested in <mask>'s work. It was difficult to get unexpurgated copies of <mask>'s poetry in Spain at the time. The magazine Cntico was dedicated to his work in 1955. In a letter to the scholar, he gives praise to an essay by Vicente Nez, accuses Adriano del Valle of inventing anecdotes about him, and claims not to believe a word of the praise that they give him. The legend of <mask> is based on the fact that one of his essays made a contribution to that issue. He was sufficiently impressed to commend the homage to a young British scholar, who was starting his research into <mask>'s works.In 1962 there was a special edition of La caa gris. This homage seems to have pleased him more than the earlier one, with the exception of two contributions by Juan Gil-Albert. Two of the contributors were poets who showed signs of <mask>'s influence. Biedma wrote an elegy for him. Francisco Brines was a poet who was influenced by him. There is a monument to <mask> in Sevilla, Spain. The portraits of <mask> and Vicente Aleixandre were drawn by a Spanish painter.A stamp on the one hundredth anniversary of

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title: Luis Cernuda

texts: the poet's birth was issued by the Spanish government. The library of congress has a catalog card number. A. Coleman has other voices. There is a study of the poetry of <mask>. Silver, <mask>: el poeta en su leyenda. <mask> (Madrid, 1977) R. Martnez Nadal. "L'arte pura in tutte le lingue del mondo: <mask>" was written by M. Petrelli.Rivista di Studi Iberoamericani is a journal. 1, and 2, 2009. M. Ulacia and L. <mask> wrote escritura, Cuerpo y deseo. Spanish gay writers, 20th-century translators, and Spanish people of the Spanish Civil War are

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title: Edna Iturralde

texts: She has won multiple national and international awards. She is considered the most important figure in children's and young adult's literature of her country and with fifty-seven books published, some of them in Mexico and Spain, this author has attained significant international recognition. She is a nominee for the International Latino Book Awards. There are six children and nine grandchildren. She lives in the Valley of Tumbaco with her husband and four dogs. She visits children who read her books. One of Latin America's most skilled, prolific and versatile authors of children's and young adult literature, with 59 books over a career that spans 35 years, has been positioned by Biography Impact as one of the most skilled, prolific and versatile authors of children's and young adult literatureGreen Was My Forest was one of the ten best children's books written in Latin America during the 20th century. The influence of <mask> has expanded. Four of her books were chosen to be part of the Common Core in the United States. The Texas Library Association has a list of ten recommended bi-lingual books. The Require Summer Reading Books recommend two of her books. The Skipping Stones International Book Prize and the International Latino Book Award have 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884


title: Edna Iturralde

texts: commissioned <mask> to write about values children should learn in the three volumes of "To Be and To Share". She wrote a humoristic but useful book on social relations as a consultant of PLAN International. She was the representative in the country from 1996 to 1998. She used the Interactive Radio Instruction Method to create and test 15 free distance education programs. The program helps preschool teachers develop emotional intelligence and conflict resolution by appealing to the imagination of young children.It has been used successfully by many Ecuadorian daycare centers. The Union of Writers of Literature for Children was founded in 1996 to help writers of children and young adult literature. Children's books from Hispanic writers or translations from other languages were the only things published by the international publishing houses. An anthology of Christmas stories was published by the association to give new writers and illustrators exposure. Iturralde's literature was selected for publication by two important international publishing houses in 1998. Until then, foreign titles dominated children's and adolescent literature, and most writers had to publish their own work. The success of Verde fue Mi Selva and Y su corazn escap para convertirse en pjaro encouraged these publishers to look into publishing more children's literature by Ecuadorian authors.Iturralde has continued to publish with Santillana and also with Editorial SM and Penguin Random House. Between picture books, novels, chapter books, and collections of short stories, she has published 59 books. In the


title: Edna Iturralde

texts: International Program, <mask> taught a course on Creative Writing. She started writing a weekly column for Family Magazine in early 2016 In 2006 <mask> founded and became the first president of the Ecuadorean affiliate of the Latin-American Academy of Children and Young Adults Literature. She was the president for a while. She organized the literary congresses to draw attention to children and young adults literature in her country.She has contributed to the promotion of reading and appreciation of children's and young adult literature. The annual literary contest was named after her. She asked that the award be given to new, unpublished authors of children and young adult literature. She has presented and discussed her literature in hundreds of visits to schools. Her literature is part of the curriculum of Children's Literature at several universities. Her books have been used in ballets. The National Symphony Orchestra commissioned an orchestral piece based on one of her books.Her many awards. The awareness of the beneficial role of literature for the development of children and young adults has been raised in the country. Iturralde's contribution to Children's Literature and Young Adult Literature is today one according to the professor of Children's and Young Adult Literature at the Universidad Complutense de Madrid. She has published a number of works and a variety of themes about which she has written. Her books are notable for their documentation and accuracy. Her writing is of high quality. <mask> has made a significant, diverse and substantial contribution to

masks: Iturralde Edna Iturralde


title: Klaus Nomi

texts: <mask> was a German countertenor known for his wide vocal range and unusual stage persona. <mask>er's "The Twist" and Lou Christie's "Lightnin' Strikes". Nomi was one of the backup singers for Saturday Night Live in 1979. <mask> died from AIDS at the age of 39. He was one of the first people to die from the illness.<mask> was born on January 24, 1944 in Immenstadt, Germany. He worked at theDeutsche Oper in West Berlin in the 1960s where he sang for the other crew in front of the fire curtain after performances. The Berlin gay discothque Kleist Casino was where he sang opera arias. <mask> moved to New York City in 1972 He was a pastry chef and did some theater work. <mask> played the role of the Wood Bird in the Ridiculous Theater Company's 1977 production of Das Rheingold. <mask> came to the attention of the East Village art scene in 1978 with his performance in "New Wave Vaudeville".Nomi wore a skintight spacesuit with a clear plastic cape and sang a song from an opera. When I think about it, I get goose pimples. His parents were calling him home and it was like he was from a different planet. He was gone when the smoke cleared. <mask> was invited to perform at many clubs in New York City. <mask> met the writer of the Mumps at the New Wave Vaudeville show. In the second incarnation of New Wave Vaudeville, he was a performer and MC, as well as a close friend of Susan Hannaford and Tom Scully, who produced the show, and Ann Magnuson, who directed it.<mask> and Hoffman were suggested to form a band by the manager of James Chance and the Contortions. Page Wood was a member of Come On and The Student Teachers, the Accidents, which were both New Wave acts. The Lou Christie song "Lightnin' Strikes" was chosen by Nomi. "The

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title: Klaus Nomi

texts: Nomi Song", "Total Eclipse", "After The Fall", and "Simple Man" are some of the pop songs written by Hoffman. The <mask> band performed at several Manhattan clubs, including Danceteria, Hurrah and the Mudd Club. He was at Manhattan Cable's TV Party. The band was dissolved due to disagreements with the management.In the late 1970s, while performing at Club 57, The Mudd Club, The Pyramid Club, and other venues, Nomi assembled various up-and-coming models, singers, artists, and musicians to perform live with him. He worked with Jean-Michel Basquiat, who was known for his graffiti art as SAMO. The Mudd Club hired <mask> and Arias as performers and backup singers for David Bowie's appearance on Saturday Night Live in 1979. They performed "TVC 15", "The Man Who Sold the World", and "Boys Keep Swinging". <mask> and Arias dragged a large prop pink poodle around with a television screen in its mouth during a performance. Nomi was so impressed with the plastic quasi-tuxedo suit that Bowie wore during "The Man Who Sold the World" that he commissioned one for himself. He wore the suit during his music videos and on the cover of his album.Until the last few months of his life, <mask> wore his variant of the outfit in black-and-white with spandex and makeup. <mask> played a Nazi official in The Long Island Four. Urgh! is a 1981 rock documentary film. <mask> performs "Total Eclipse" in A Music War. The closing credits used his performance of "Mon cur s'ouvre  ta voix". 666 Fifth Avenue was listed as the contact address in the liner notes of <mask>'s 1981 self-titled record. Simple Man was his second album.He was a backup vocalist on a track on Man Parrish's 1982 album. In the last few months of his life, <mask> adopted a Baroque

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title: Klaus Nomi

texts: era operatic outfit complete with full collar as his typical onstage attire. One of the AIDS-related diseases Nomi developed was Kaposi's sarcoma, which was covered by the collar. <mask> died of illness and death in New York City in 1983. He was one of the first people to die from AIDS. <mask>'s friend, Joey Arias, became the administrator of his estate after his death. His ashes were spread across the city.<mask> was an important part of the 1980s East Village scene, which was a hub of development for punk rock music, the visual arts and the avant-garde. At the time of his death, <mask> had a cult following in New York and France. Andrew Horn's 2004 feature documentary about <mask>'s life, The Nomi Song, which was released by Palm Pictures, helped spur renewed interest in the singer, including an art exhibit in San Francisco at the New Langton Arts gallery. New music pieces inspired by Nomi were commissioned by the gallery for a variety of European musicians. The cover version of "Total Eclipse" was recorded in 2001. Garbage used his song as the basis for their song. Punk Rock and Trailer Parks is a graphic novel by Derf Backderf.<mask> is one of the bodyguards in The Venture Bros. The leader of the Guild of Calamitous Intent is often referred to as David Bowie. <mask> singing "Total Eclipse" can be heard in the background on the radio in the room of another dancer. Discography albums of 1981: <mask>, Simple Man, The Unfinished Opera, and The Collection Live. The Witch Is Dead, "Nomi Song", "Cold Song", "Lightnin' Strikes", "Falling in Love Again (Can't Help It)", "ICUROK" "Just One Look", "Rubberband Lazer", "I Feel Love", and "Silent Night" are music videos. The Nomi Song is a song about LGBT culture in New York

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title: Hina Rabbani Khar

texts: <mask> was the 21st Foreign Minister of Pakistan from February 2011 until March 2013). She wasAppointed at the age of 33 and was the first woman to hold the position. There is an influential feudal family in the area. She studied business at the University of Massachusetts before entering politics as a member of the national assembly in 2002, representing the PML-Q and becoming a junior minister responsible for economic policy. She became the first woman to present the national budget when she became the Minister of State for Finance and Economic Affairs in 2009. She was appointed as the Foreign Minister of Pakistan by Prime Minister Yousaf Raza Gillani in July of 2011. She wants stronger ties with India.She is a member of the Pakistan People's Party. She is a Member of the National Assembly of Pakistan. The daughter of a powerful politician is <mask> <mask> <mask>, who was born in Multan, Punjab, Pakistan into a Jat family. Her father was a member of the National Assembly. She is related to the former Governor and Chief Minister of Punjab. She holds a degree in Economics from the Lahore University of Management Sciences in 1999. She earned an MSc in Business Management at the University of Massachusetts in 2002.Since her graduation, she has retained ties with LUMS. She delivered a lecture on "Foreign Policy and Young Democracy" in 2012 and secured funding for the Abdus Salam Institute of Physics. In the 2002 general elections, he was elected as a member of the National Assembly, representing the NA-177 (Muzaffargarh-II) constituency in Punjab. Most of the members of her family were disqualified because her father had previously represented the constituency. A new law made it impossible for him and others to run that year. With the financial support of her father who addressed rallies on her behalf, she campaign on a newly founded

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title: Hina Rabbani Khar

texts: attacks, relations between the two countries were suspended until February 2011.The Indian media reported extensively on her fashion and appearance, including her Birkin bag. She held talks with leaders of the Hurriyat Conference before meeting Indian government representatives, a decision which was criticized by the Bharatiya Janata Party, India's biggest political party, which demanded an inquiry into the matter. She tried to grant India most favored nation status. She met with the Chinese Foreign Minister in August of 2011. In contrast to her reception in India, she was largely ignored by the Chinese media. The NATO strike which killed 24 Pakistani troops was one of the most notable incidents during her tenure and Foreign Minister <mask> stated that the government of Pakistan and defense committees had approved a measure similar to a parliamentary resolution put forward after bin Laden's death. Pakistan continued to demand an apology from the U.S., and on 6 June 2012 <mask> challenged the U.S. to live up to its democratic ideals by respecting the will of Pakistan's elected legislature.On December 15, 2011, when the United States suspended financial aid to Pakistan, <mask> warned that their actions would be responsible for losing the war on terror since Pakistan could not win without U.S. assistance. With Pakistan's relationship with the United States strained, <mask> secretly left for Moscow on January 21, 2012 to strengthen bilateral relations. The Russian leadership was invited to visit Pakistan and to support the Afghan-led and Afghan-owned efforts for peace in the country. On August 12th, 2012 at the 16th Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement in Tehran, <mask> stated that regional stability was at risk due to the increasing tensions relating to Iran's nuclear program, and that a peaceful resolution of this issue is still possible

masks: Khar Khar Khar Khar Khar


title: Hina Rabbani Khar

texts: on the basis of mutual confidence During her short visit to Bangladesh on November 9, 2012 she was approached by the Foreign Minister of Bangladesh to sort out post- independence issues between the countries. The two countries should move ahead together. While the election was being planned, the government was replaced by a cabinet made up of people who weren't members until the election took place.The two-year role as Foreign Minister was ended by this. She decided to stand down at the next election so that her father, who had previously been ineligible to run, could succeed her. Since the most recent general election, the requirement that parliamentary candidates hold a university degree has been removed. The father of Khar was defeated in his attempt to regain his seat in the election. She was Pakistan's first woman foreign minister and attracted significant global attention. She was interviewed by a lot of people. She was a member of the Central Executive Committee of the Pakistan Peoples Party from 2008 until she retired from politics.Since standing down, he has been an active public speaker. She accused the US government of supporting military regimes in Pakistan. She was interviewed by Mehdi Hasan at the Oxford Union in December of 2015. She spoke out against Pakistan's stance in the Kashmir conflict on Jirga. She supports a closer relationship between India and Pakistan. She was elected to the National Assembly on a reserved seat for women. <mask> is married to Feroze.She has a son and two daughters. There is a restaurant called the "Polo Lounge". The initial branch opened in 2002. There is a second Polo Lounge in Saidpur Village. See the Economy of Pakistan References. Dawn Who rules Pakistan has news and commentary from the Minister of Foreign Affairs. In December 2015, <mask> <mask> <mask> was interviewed by Al Jazeera

masks: Khar Hina Rabbani Khar


title: John McLaughlin (host)

texts: <mask> was an American television personality and political commentator. He hosted the political commentary series The McLaughlin Group. <mask>'s One on One was hosted and produced by him. <mask> was born in Providence, Rhode Island, the son of <mask> and his wife Eva Turcotte. He was raised in a Catholic family and attended La Salle Academy. He entered the theological seminary of Boston College at the age of 18 to become a Catholic priest. He earned two master's degrees from Boston College after he became a priest in 1959 and entered the Jesuit order at the age of 20.After his ordination, <mask> taught high school at a Jesuit prep school in Connecticut. He earned a PhD from Columbia University after taking time off from teaching. He wrote a thesis about a Catholic poet. He was an assistant editor for America in New York City. After disagreements with the editor of the magazine led to his departure, he moved back to Providence. <mask> was a supporter of the Democratic Party and opposed the Vietnam War, but later became a war supporter and switched his party affiliation to the Republican. He wanted to run for the United States Senate from Rhode Island.Jesuit Father Robert Drinan was given permission to run for the United States House of Representatives in Massachusetts. <mask> lost to the incumbent Senator <mask>. Pastore when they refused to run. <mask> became a speech writer for Nixon after befriending Pat Buchanan. He was in Gerald Ford's administration for two months after Nixon's resignation. He left the priesthood in 1975. After leaving the White House, <mask> worked in public relations and became a weekend radio host in Washington, D.C. He was terminated from that job.He hosted

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title: John McLaughlin (host)

texts: The McLaughlin Group and wrote for National Review. <mask> sat in the middle of the four political commentators on the television show. <mask> was known for his loud and emphatic style of presentation and often cut off other panelists by declaring their opinion wrong. Or asking a question to the panel, listening to other opinions, and giving his opinion as the correct answer. The McLaughlin Group discussions would run until the very last few seconds of airtime, when <mask> would end each episode by saying Bye-bye. Dana Carvey of Saturday Night Live parodied <mask>'s style and mannerisms. <mask> made a 1991 appearance as the Grim Reaper in one of the McLaughlin Group sketches.<mask> hosted the interview show One on One from 1984 to 2013). He hosted McLaughlin, a one-hour nightly talk show on CNBC, from 1989 to 1994. He hosted an MSNBC show in 1999. The show was canceled on February 25. Despite his death, <mask>'s name remains in the show's title. On August 23, 1975, <mask> married Ann Dore, his former campaign manager. She was Secretary of Labor from 1987 to 1989.<mask> was sued for discrimination and sexual harassment. The suit was settled in December 1989. <mask> and Dore divorced. <mask> married his second wife on June 22, 1997. The marriage ended in divorce. <mask> said that Pope Francis was the person of the year because he said that animals can go to heaven. Oliver is waiting for me.<mask>'s pet dog, a Basset Hound, is seen in an animation as part of the brand logo shown at the close of each show. Oliver and <mask> lived in the same apartment during <mask>'s time as Nixon's speechwriter. <mask> died of cancer at the age of 89 after missing his first broadcast in 34 years.

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title: John McLaughlin (host)

texts: <mask>'s last message to fans was on August 13, when he explained that he had missed recent tapings due to his poor health. The McLaughlin Group was parodied a number of times on Saturday Night Live in the early 1990s. <mask> portrayed himself discussing a political character in several films, including Dave, Mission:Impossible, Independence Day, and War, Inc. In the Watchmen movie, Gary Houston portrays him interviewing Pat Buchanan and Eleanor Clift about the possibility of nuclear war with the Soviet Union.<mask> hosted a celebration for the 200th episode of Cheers. The McLaughlin Group website has a biography of <mask>. 20th-century Roman Catholics, 21st-century American Jesuits, 21st-century American journalists, and 21st-century American people of Irish descent. Rhode Island Journalists from Washington, D.C. Laicized Roman Catholic

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John McLaughlin


title: Anneka Rice

texts: <mask>, also known as <mask>, is a television presenter, journalist, and painter. <mask> was born in Cowbridge, Wales, and grew up in Surrey. She attended three independent schools, including Dunrobin School and St Michael's. <mask> changed her name to <mask> when she joined the British actors' union Equity. <mask> worked on The World Today and Twenty-Four Hours while she was a graduate of the World Service. She was a production assistant on Lucky Numbers and worked for Monica Sims. She worked as a news sub-editor for TVB Pearl in Hong Kong.She became the evening news-reader. She worked as an account executive for Corporate Communications and produced Wheelbase, a weekly drive-time radio show. A Children's Guide to Hong Kong was published by her. She was a model for Gloria Vanderbilt jeans during her lunch hours and dubbed kung fu films into English for Run Run Shaw. She returned to the UK in 1982 to work as a reporter. She was the jump-suited "skyrunner" of Channel 4's Treasure Hunt, co-hosted by Kenneth Kendall. The show gets over 7 million viewers, making it one of Channel 4's highest-rated programmes.In 1986 it was nominated for a BAFTA. <mask> hosted the Children in Need appeal in 1987 and tested an early version of her next project, Challenge Anneka. This was created by <mask> and launched in 1989. It ran for six series. Over 60 UK projects, most of which are still going strong, were included in the projects. <mask> Brockovich: The Miracle in Manhattan, a post-9-11 project to rebuild an amphitheater and soccer field in New York City.<mask> presented Wish You Were Here...? through the '80s and '90s. For ITV. She traveled to over 50 countries while presenting on the holiday show. She hosted one week a month on TVAM with Nick Ross and also invited celebrities to take up a new sport. She and Barry Lee won the all-male competition in races driving

masks:
Anneka Rice
Anne Lucinda Hartley Rice
Rice
Rice
Anneka
Rice
Rice
Rice
Riceerin
Rice


title: Anneka Rice

texts: off-road cars, trucks and JCB diggers. She co-presented Combat with Emlyn Hughes, pitting the British forces against each other. Capital Woman was presented by her in the '90s.She was the host of Passport, in which contestants were taken to five different countries to compete for a holiday at the end of the show. She hosted the Children's Royal Variety Show. Madame Tussaud's created a waxwork of her which was hung in the entrance hall from a rope ladder. They put a paint pot in <mask>'s hand when <mask> moved to Challenge Anneka. She had a puppet made of her. She gave birth to her first son. <mask> took a sabbatical in 1995 to bring up her young family and went to the college for two years.She has been painting ever since. She hosted Dinner Doctors for Channel 5 in the 2000s and was a regular on The Wright Stuff. The first broadcast on Boxing Day was Challenge Anneka. This was a post-tsunami project. An album was to be produced to raise money for the Children's Hospice Association. She co-hosted the Sunday-morning cookery show Sunday Feast. <mask> and seven other celebrities were invited to visit threatened animals in their natural habitat on the show Extinct.<mask> went to the North Pole to fit polar bears with tracking collars. She was a contestant on Celebrity Mastermind and appeared on Hell's Kitchen. She focused on the life and career of Jean Rhys. <mask> co-hosted Rolf Paints... Diamond Jubilee with Rolf Harris. She was co-presenter of The Flowerpot Gang with Joe Swift and Phil Tufnell. She presented Secrets of the National Trust for Channel 5. She participated in Channel 4's Celebrity Hunted for Stand Up to Cancer and appeared on Richard Osman's House of Games.She and her friend Liz Carr were on the Celebrity Antiques Road Trip. She was a contestant for Kirstie Allsopp's Celebrity Craft Masters, as well as on Strictly Come Dancing and It

masks: Anneka Rice Rice Rice Rice Rice


title: Anneka Rice

texts: Takes 2. She was a guest on Children in Need. She ran with her Radio 2 colleagues for Sport Relief in 2020 after taking part in Joe Lycett's Got Your Back. Radio Rice began her radio career at the World Service, where she worked on The World Today and Twenty-Four Hours. She hosted a weekly drive-time show in Hong Kong. She presented The Waiting Game for Radio 4 in 1990 and was a regular stand-in for Gloria Hunniford on Radio 2 in the 80s.She presented Inside the Life Drawing Class, a documentary about life drawing, on Radio 4. Princess Margaret was the only other person to play themselves when she renovated the Ambridge Village Hall in the early 90s. She came back to Ambridge in 2016 after the campaign to redecorate it. In February 2012 she was confirmed as the new host of the Weekend Breakfast Show, live from 6am, after filling in for Alan Carr and Melanie Sykes on Radio 2. She presented Pick of Radio 2 for five years. One of the specials she presented was about Rogers and Hammerstein. Taking over from Jonathan Ross, she presented the Arts Show to the Edinburgh Festival.She hosted the Evening Standard Awards on Radio 2. She has presented Junior Choice since the death of Ed Stewart. She participates in Radio 2's Festival in a Day in Hyde Park. She wrote and presented a two-hour Christmas special called Paint it Black aboutRonnie Wood. She presented <mask>'s 80s TV Treasure Hunt for Radio 2 in 2020 after she was a guest on My Teenage Diary for Radio 4. The 1999 Cricket World Cup was promoted by <mask> as a new way for women to get into cricket. She collaborated with DASH to produce a range of sport clothes and jumpsuits in the 80s.She made films about scuba-dive, ski and sail, which were accompanied by books. There are various board games and annuals. The painting <mask> was studied at the college. She exhibits her work regularly and is a member of

masks:
Anneka
Other Rice
Rice


title: Anneka Rice

texts: the Master Class. <mask> was a travel writer for the Mail on Sunday from 2004 and was the weekend TV critic in the mid-2000s. She writes an occasional column for The Independent after writing a column for The Radio Times. She returned to Siret to write about the orphans from the original Challenge Anneka program.<mask> played the principal boy in panto at the Manchester Palace, the Theatre Royal Brighton, The Arts Theatre Cambridge and theRichmond Theatre during the 80s. In 2005 and 2006 she acted in The Vagina Monologues. She did standup comedy at the Backyard Comedy Club. She gave a recital at the Christmas Gala at the Kings Place in 2015, giving herself five months to relearn how to play the piano. She was a member of The Great Western Choir and sang at the Big Chill Festival. <mask> is a stand-up comedian who performs at the Backyard Comedy Club. The Clemmie Hart Years about her secret fictional agent and Help! were her last two ventures.My Head's in Wookey Hole, about her search for her missing Madame Tussaud's waxwork, was recorded for Radio 4. <mask>'s garden was part of a parade of gardens designed by Sarah Raven and Tricia Guild. The garden featured flowers that could be cut and come back again. <mask> is an ambassador and patron of several charities. She is passionate about befriending people. She is involved with many of the old Challenge projects. <mask> has two sons, Thomas Alexander D, born in 1989 and Joshua James, born in 1990.She had a son with a TV executive. CBTV Channel 14 shows Treasure Hunt and Driving Force. Good Morning Britain host Aspel & Company was nominated for two technical BAFTAs in 1991. The Wright Stuff was a guest on The Big Call in June 2005; Holiday was a guest on The Wright Stuff in September 2005; and Hell's Kitchen was a guest on Celebrity Special in July. People from Cowbridge are hosts of a Welsh television

masks:
Rice
Rice
Rice
Rice
Charity Rice
Rice


title: Maurice Kendall

texts: Sir <mask> was a British statistician who was known for his contribution to statistics. The correlation is named after him. The only child of an engineering worker and his wife, <mask> was born in Northamptonshire. His paternal grandfather was a publican. He survived a case of cerebral meningitis when he was a child. He studied mathematics at St John's College, Cambridge, where he played chess with future champion Conel Hugh O'Donel Alexander and Jacob Bronowski. He joined the British Civil Service after graduating from college.One of the first papers he wrote for the Royal Statistical Society was about studying crop productivity using factor analysis. He was elected a Fellow of the Society in 1934. He and Bernard Babington-Smith began work on the question of random number generation in the 1930's, developing both one of the first mechanical devices to produce random digits, and formulated a series of tests for statistical randomness. One of the second large collections of random digits was produced by him. In 1937, he aided the aging statistician G. Udny Yule in the revision of his standard statistical textbook. The two met by chance in 1935 and were close until Yule's death in 1951. The monograph on Rank Correlation was published in 1948 after he began work on the rank correlation coefficients.He was part of a group of five other statisticians who tried to produce a reference work about recent developments in statistical theory, but it was canceled due to World War II. The assistant general manager of the British Chamber of Shipping was named by day and air-raid warden by night. The first volume of The Advanced Theory of Statistics was produced in 1943 and the second in 1946. He developed a number of extensions to the work of R.A. Fisher on the theory of k-statistics through the 1950s. After the war, he worked on the theory and practice of time series analysis, and demonstrated that unsmoothed sample periodograms were unreliable estimates for the population spectrum. He became the second chair of statistics at the London School of Economics in 1949.

masks:
Maurice George Kendall
Maurice


title: Maurice Kendall

texts: He was the director of the Research Techniques Division.He edited a two-volume work on Statistical Sources in the United Kingdom from 1952 to 1957. He developed the text Multivariate Analysis in 1957. He and W. R. Buckland created a Dictionary of Statistical Terms to help make the tools of statistics more available to potential users in industry and government. In 1953 he published "The Analytics of Economic Time Series, Part 1: Prices", in which he suggested that the movement of shares on the stock market was random, as likely to go up on a certain day as to go down. The results were disturbing to some financial economists. The random walk hypothesis is related to the efficient-market hypothesis, which states that random price movements indicate a well- functioning or efficient market. He began a two-year term as president of the Royal Statistical Society in 1961, after leaving the University of London, where he was the managing director of CEIR.He co-edited a number of volumes in statistical theory. The World Fertility Survey was a project sponsored by the International Statistical Institute and the United Nations to study fertility in developed and developing nations. Illness forced him to retire in 1980. He received a medal from the United Nations in 1980 for his work on the World Fertility Survey, and was knighted by the British government in 1974. He received the highest honour of the Royal Statistical Society, the Guy Medal in Gold, after being elected a fellow of the British Academy. He was elected a fellow of the American Statistical Association, the Econometric Society, and the British Computer Society. He was the president of the International Statistical Institute at the time of his death.There was a first wife for <mask>'s first wife. His second wife, Ruth, and their son were his survivors. The Advanced Theory of Statistics Volume 1 is called Distribution Theory. ), 1994. The International Statistical Institute, the American Statistical Association, the Institute of Mathematical Statistics, and the British Computer Society elected


title: Patricia Robins

texts: She had sold more than ten million copies of her books and was a British writer of short stories and novels. She was an officer in the Women's Air Force during World War II. The family was artistic. Her mother was the popular romance writer, who sold more than one hundred million copies and was the first president of the Romantic Novelists' Association. Her maternal grandfather was a musician and her maternal grandmother was a writer. Adrian Cornwell-Clyne, her maternal uncle, wrote books on photography and cinematography and another uncle was an artist. The second daughter of <mask>, a corn broker on the Baltic Exchange, and the first president of the Romantic Novelists' Association, she was born on February 1, 1921.Eve Louise and Anne Eleanor were her sisters. She was educated at the Parents' National Educational Union, as well as in Switzerland and Germany. She published her first children's book at 12. She published short stories and worked as a junior editor. She was an officer in the Women's Air Force during World War II. She was using the British radar system to track the Nazis. She received recognition because of the confidentiality of her work.She went on to write contemporary romance novels like her mother, and also published some children's stories. Donald Clark married her in 1947 and they had three children. The family lived in Libya because of her husband's job. She moved to a former barn in rural Kent after starting a relationship with Mel Hack. She used a different name to write Gothic romances and family sagas. Some of her early novels were reedited. She continued to write until her death, even though she devoted more time to her eight grandchildren.You Never Know was published in 2007. She received the Outstanding Achievement Award at the Romantic Novelists' Association. She died in December. Some of her novels have been edited under different titles.


title: Petro Grigorenko

texts: <mask> or <mask> was a high-ranking Soviet Army commander of Ukrainian descent who in his fifties became a dissident and a writer. After 16 years as a professor at the Frunze Military Academy, he joined the ranks of the early dissidents. <mask> left the USSR in the mid-1970s to receive medical treatment in the United States. He was not allowed to return to the Soviet Union. <mask> publicly denounced the "totalitarianism that hides behind the mask of so-called Soviet democracy." <mask> was born in Borisovka village in the Russian Empire. He graduated from the Kuybyshev Military Engineering Academy and the Military Academy of the General Staff of the armed forces of Russia in 1939.In 1939 and the Second World War, he took part in battles against the Japanese on the Manchurian border. After 22 June 1941, he commanded troops. He commanded an infantry division in the Baltic for three years during the war. He was in the military during World War II. He was a decorated veteran after the war and left his active career to teach at the Frunze Military Academy. <mask>'s thesis was titled " Features of the organization and conduct of combined offensive battle in the mountains." He finished work on his thesis in 1960.More than 70 of his scientific works were published. In 1961, <mask> <mask> began to criticize the excesses of the Khrushchev regime. The special privileges of the political elite were not in line with the principles laid down by Lenin. The Group for the Struggle to Revive Leninism was formed by <mask>. The psychiatrists in the Soviet Union diagnosed him at least three times. The first commission, which included Snezhnevsky and Lunts, diagnosed <mask> as suffering from the mental disease in the form of a paranoid delusional, after he was sent to Moscow's Lubyanka prison. According to Lunts, the symptoms of paranoid development were an overestimation of his own personality

masks:
Petro Grigorenko
Petro Hryhorovych Hryhorenko
Grigorenko
Grigorenko
Petro Grigorenko
Grigorenko
Petro
Grigorenko
Grigorenko
Grigorenko


title: Petro Grigorenko

texts: reaching messianic proportions.<mask> was forcibly committed to a special hospital because he wasn't responsible for his actions. The government deprived him of his pension because he was a mentally sick military officer. <mask> was found to be in good health after six months and was released for follow-up. He wanted his pension to be restored. Although he began to draw pension again, it was severely reduced. He became more active in his protest and received warnings from the KGB. <mask> was committed to a mental hospital for 5 years after being kicked out of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union for protesting the invasion of Czechoslovakia.<mask>'s criminal activity was related to concrete events and facts. There were no signs of illness or delusions. He was responsible for his actions, according to the psychiatrists. Many of his colleagues shared his firm convictions and he was not delusional.They looked at the records of his previous hospitalization and found that he had not been sick. <mask> was brought back to Moscow by the KGB three months later. The psychiatrists found that he had a paranoid development of the personality. The commission, chaired by Morozov, recommended that Lunts be placed in a special hospital for the socially dangerous. After almost four years, he was transferred to a regular mental hospital. On 17 January 1971 <mask> was asked if he had changed his convictions, to which he replied "Convictions are not like gloves, one cannot easily change them". An in-absentia psychiatric report was written on <mask>.<mask> had been taken to mental hospitals for political reasons. In the late 1970s and early 1980s, Gluzman was forced to serve seven years in labor camp for defending <mask> against the charge of insanity. <mask> was declared a prisoner of conscience. <mask> was the key defender of the deported Crimean Tatars. He told the activists to appeal

masks: Grigorenko Grigorenko Grigorenko GrigorenkoGrigorenko Grigorenko Grigorenko Grigorenko Grigorenko Grigorenko Grigorenko Grigorenko


title: Petro Grigorenko

texts: to international organizations such as the United Nations if they wanted to continue their protests. <mask> questioned the official Soviet version of World War II history. He pointed out that before the German attack on June 22, 1941, vast Soviet troops were concentrated in the area west of Biaystok, deep in occupied Poland, getting ready for a surprise offensive, which made them vulnerable to be encircled in case of surprise German attack.His ideas were advanced by Viktor Suvorov. <mask> made and distributed copies of Stalin and the Soviet Communist Party: A Study in the Technology of Power by photographing and writing. <mask> helped found two groups in the 70's. <mask> was allowed to go abroad for medical treatment in the United States. During forcible confinement, his health was ruined. <mask> was stripped of his Soviet citizenship when he arrived in the United States in 1977. <mask> said that he was stripped of his Soviet citizenship because he was damaging the prestige of the Soviet Union.The use of external exile peaked in the 1970s, as opposed to the internal type, which was the highest between the mid-1930s and early 1950s. <mask> became a U.S. citizen in the same year. <mask> has been in the USA since 1977. <mask> made a statement condemning the trials of Soviet dissidents. <mask> was examined by a team of psychologists and psychiatrists in New York in 1979. Stone was the President of the American Psychiatric Association. There was no evidence of mental disease in <mask> and his history was consistent with mental disease in the past.Walter Reich publicized their findings. Stone wrote that <mask>'s case confirmed accusations that psychiatry in the Soviet Union was a tool of political oppression. In his 1981 memoirs, <mask> <mask> described his life and views, as well as his assessment by Soviet psychiatrists and periods of incarceration in prison hospitals. The

masks: Grigorenko Grigorenko Grigorenko Grigorenko Grigorenko Grigorenko Grigorenko Grigorenko Grigorenko Grigorenko Grigorenko Grigorenko Petro Grigorenko


title: Petro Grigorenko

texts: book was translated into English by Thomas P. Whitney under the title Memoirs. He said in 1983 that the American political-economic system was the best he had ever seen. He was partially paralyzed after a stroke in 1983. <mask> died in New York City.In 1991, a commission composed of psychiatrists from all over the Soviet Union and led by Modest Kabanov spent six months reviewing <mask>'s patient files. In October 1991 they reversed the official Soviet diagnosis of <mask>'s mental health condition. An official post-mortem forensic psychiatric commission of experts met in 1992. They removed the stigma of being a mental patient and confirmed that there were no grounds for the treatment he received in high security psychiatric hospitals. The psychiatric examination of <mask> was described in the numbers 1–4 of 1992. Zinaida Mikhailovna <mask> was married to <mask> <mask> and they had five sons. They died as children.Andrew was declared to have inherited his father's insanity in 1975. Two years before <mask> and Zinaida <mask> traveled to the United States, he was kicked out of the USSR. Andrew was told that he was also crazy because of his father's mental illness. They told him that if he didn't stop speaking out in defense of human rights, he would be sent to the psikhushka. <mask>orenko Foundation to study his father's legacy. There are different Latin spellings of <mask>'s name due to the lack of uniform transliteration rules for the Ukrainian names in the 20th century. <mask> Hryhorenko is the correct modern transliteration.The official spelling of the general's name was <mask> <mask> according to the American identification documents. His gravestone at the Ukrainian Orthodox Church of St. Andrew is engraved with the same spelling. The same spelling is retained by his descendants as well. The Petro Grigorenko Avenue in Kharkiv was renamed to comply with decommunization

masks:
Grigorenko
Grigorenko
Grigorenko
Grigorenko
Grigorenko
Petro
Grigorenko
Petro
Grigorenko
Andrew Grigorenkorig
Grigorenko
Petro
Petro
Grigorenko


title: Anoop Chandola

texts: American Anthropological Association, Association for Asian Studies, Linguistics Society of America, and Linguistic Society of India. His writing career continued after he retired as Professor of East Asian Studies at the University of Arizona. He is a frequent lecturer on Hinduism. He was a recipient of the Albert Nelson Marquis Lifetime Achievement Award.In the areas of linguistics, music, religion, and literature, <mask> has written scholarly books and articles. His seminal work "Folk Drumming in the Himalayas: A Linguistic Approach to Music" was supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation. The new field of Musicolinguistics was advanced by this book and several papers. The Metalinguistic structure of Indian Drumming is a study in Musico-linguistics. His Hindi publications are not listed here. His research in Musicolinguistics has been reviewed favorably by leading journals of anthropology, ethnomusicology, and linguistics. He believes that his use of the term "Musicolinguistics" before "-linguistics" suggests the evolution of music.Before language, humming. A novelist by the name of <mask> covers multicultural themes. The motto of his novels is "inform and reform", with which he debunks harmful Indian religious traditions and advocates secular egalitarian society. His novel "Mutilating Women" was written before the "Me-Too" revolution of abused women. Colin P. Masica is a C.M. Zide (University of Chicago), Colin P. Masica, K.C. The Way to True Worship: Popular Story of Hinduism was published by The University Press of

masks: Chandola Chandola


title: Michael Kidd

texts: Some of the leading Broadway and film musicals of the 1940s and 1950s were staged by <mask>. The "integrated musical", in which dance movements are a part of the plot, was pioneered by Kidd. He was best known for his athletic dance numbers in Seven Brides for Seven Brothers. The barn-raising sequence in Seven Brides was called one of the most rousing dance numbers ever put on screen by a film critic. He was the first to win five Tony Awards and the first to win an Oscar for dance in film. <mask> was born in New York City on the Lower East Side, the son of a barber and his wife who were Jewish refugees from Czarist Russia. He attended New Utrecht High School in Brooklyn.After attending a modern dance performance, he became interested in learning how to dance. He was granted a scholarship to the School of American Ballet after graduating from the City College of New York. He toured the country as a member of the corps de ballet of Lincoln Kirstein's Ballet Caravan, and performed in roles that included the lead in Billy the Kid, choreographed by Eugene Loring. He changed his name to <mask> in 1942. The dancers were told to adopt "American" names when he was performing with Ballet Caravan. Kidd was short, easy to remember, and evocative of the pirate <mask>. <mask> was an assistant to Loring in the Dance Players.He was a soloist for the American Ballet Theatre. He played one of the sailors in Fancy Free and

masks:
Michael Kidd
Kidd
Michael Kidd
Captain Kidd
Kidd


title: Michael Kidd

texts: Leonard Bernstein's music was used in the performance. He created his own ballet, On Stage! The year 1945. Although the play and his performance were well received, and the New York Times observed that Kidd was one of the great hopes of postwar American ballet, he left Loring's company for Broadway in 1947 and never again worked in ballet. Broadway and <mask>'s first dance was for E.Y. The musical explored racial prejudice.<mask> received his first Tony Award for that play. His Broadway musicals weren't very successful. Hold It was a college musical and Love Life was a musical directed by Elia Kazan. Arms and the Girl was directed by Rouben Mamoulian and flopped. Guys and Dolls, his next play, solidified his reputation as a Broadway choreographer. <mask> earned his second Tony Award for his work on it. He was lured to Hollywood by the attention of the movie producers.Ray Bolger reprised his Broadway performance in the 1952 film adaptation of Where's Charley?, Frank Loesser's Broadway musical. The Band Wagon, starring Fred Astaire and Cyd Charisse, was his first big film success. The "Girl Hunt Ballet" featuring Astaire and Charisse, which was a spoof of hard-boiled Mickey Spillane novels, was included in The Band Wagon, which featured the music and lyrics of Howard Dietz and Arthur Schwartz. Kidd was hired to stage the dances because he was nervous about the ballet. Kidd said that he made Astaire

masks:
Hollywood Kidd
Kidd
Kidd


title: Michael Kidd

texts: comfortable by pretending that he was making his own steps. The film "Shine on Your Shoes" was set in a 42nd Street penny arcade, while "Dancing in the Dark" was set in Central Park. The work Kidd did for Seven Brides for Seven Brothers was well received.The film was written and directed by Stanley Donen. The short story "The Sobbin' Women" was written for the screen and was based on the ancient Roman legend of The Rape of the Sabine Women. He turned down the assignment because he thought of the slobs living in the woods. They have no education, there's a lot of cow feces on the floor, and they're going to get up and dance? We would be laughed out of the house. Jacques D'Amboise of the New York City Ballet, formerly of the Ballet Russe de Monte Carlo, was one of the dancers in the cast. The roles of the brothers and their brides were all played by professional dancers at Kidd's insistence.The musical numbers were written at <mask>'s request, as an example of how a songwriter sometimes has to take his cue from his partners. Kidd explained his conception of the "Lonesome Polecat" number to dePaul and the two worked out the music and lyrics. By the mid-1950s, Hollywood's output of movie musicals had begun to decline, and he only worked on two during that decade. He made his movie acting debut in It's Always Fair Weather, directed by Gene Kelly and Donen, in which Kelly, <mask> and Dan Dailey played three

masks: Kidd Kidd


title: Michael Kidd

texts: ex-GIs meeting 10 years after the war, only to discover they had little in common. Three people dance with garbage can lid fastened to their feet in a film. The film was a flop at the box office despite being a critical success. The film was supposed to be a sequel to the 1949 film On the Town, but Frank Sinatra and Jules Munshin were unavailable, and the film lacked chemistry among the three actors.Donen tried to include "Jack and the Space Giants", a 10-minute dance solo by Kidd, in the production, which was marked by constant conflict between Donen and Kelly. Donen ended his collaboration with Kelly for the rest of their lives after Kelly rejected this, which Kidd took as a personal insult. The "Jack" number is a bonus feature on a DVD of the film, and one commentator thinks that Kelly's judgement was not wrong as the number was listless and did not advance the plot. The musical comedy film Merry Andrew was directed and choreographed by Kidd. The era of movie musicals was over, and <mask> turned his attention to Broadway, where he had continued to work while choreographing movies. He was staging dances for Can-Can at the same time he was working on The Band Wagon. Gwen Verdon was a Broadway sensation because of the dance numbers he created for her.Li'l Abner, which he directed and choreographed, was one of his Broadway shows during the 1950s. The film version of his choreography won a Tony Award. He


title: Michael Kidd

texts: made no other films after Merry Andrew. Both films were unsuccessful. He directed and choreographed Destry Rides Again on Broadway, as well as Subways Are for Sleeping and Ben Franklin in Paris. Breakfast at Tiffany's, a musical version of the Truman Capote novella with Mary Tyler Moore and Richard Chamberlain that never opened, was choreographed by him. The film adaptation of Hello, Dolly! was choreographed by him.The film was beset by tension on the unhappy set, with Barbra Streisand clashing with her costar Walter Matthau and director Gene Kelly, and <mask> and Kelly no longer speaking terms. The film was not a success as a musical, with Kelly and Kidd making little use of the widescreen format of the film. Tom Santopietro said their approach was "shoveling more and more bodies on screen with no apparent purpose". He directed The Rothschilds and The Goodbye Girl as well as the Neil Simon film that was his final Broadway play. He was nominated for a Tony Award, but the reviews were mixed. Frank Rich wrote in The New York Times that "<mask>, who did much to define slam-bang Broadway and Hollywood musical-comedy style in the 1950s, directs The Goodbye Girl in a mechanical reduction of that style: Everything is fast, furious, loud and downstage center." The musical's physical production was not overcome by any director.In the 1970s and 1980s, <mask> played a number of supporting roles, beginning with his

masks: Kidd Kidd Kidd


title: Michael Kidd

texts: performance as the faded, cynical choreographer in the 1975 film Smile. Roger Ebert called <mask>'s portrayal of the pageant choreographer a "semiautobiographical performance". He worked with Stanley Donen, who directed Seven Brides for Seven Brothers and It's Always Fair Weather, in the 1978 film Movie Movie. In addition to directing an episode of the TV comedy, Kidd also directed two music videos for Janet Jackson: When I Think of You and Alright. He was nominated for an award for his work on the television special Baryshnikov in Hollywood. <mask> died of cancer at the age of 92. His marriage to Mary Heater ended in divorce.He was survived by his wife Shelah, two daughters from his first marriage, and a son and daughter from his second marriage. Robert Greenwald is the nephew of Kidd. His older brother was a best-selling author of The Call Girl who was an expert in the study of prostitution. The leading dancers of Kidd's era gave him the deference he deserved. British critic and biographer <mask> said at the time of his death that when Gene Kelly danced through the street with a dustbin lid tied to his feet in the 1955 film It's Always Fair Weather, the man who usually planned his own routines did it to Kidd's order. His realistic approach, designing dances that were inspired by the way ordinary people behaved, led one critic to observe that "Kidd is the originator of the fantasy that if only your life

masks:
Kidd
Kidd
Michael Freedland