title: Jenny Thompson

texts: An American is a former competition swimmer and anesthesiologist. She has twelve medals, including eight gold medals, in the Summer Olympics. At the age of 7, <mask> began swimming at a country club in Massachusetts called Cedardale. From the age of 8 to 10, she swam at the Danvers YMCA, and from the age of 10 to 12 she swam at the Andover-North Andover YMCA. She began swimming for the Seacoast Swimming Association at the age of 12. She made her international debut at the age of 14 when she won the 50-meter freestyle and placed third in the 100 meter freestyle at the Pan American Games. She won her first world championship in 1991, as part of the USA's winning 4100-meter freestyle relay team, and held the world record in the 50-meter and 100-meter freestyle when she participated in the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona.<mask> was a member of the swimming and diving team at the university. She received the Honda Sports Award for Swimming and Diving in 1994 for being the outstanding college female swimmer of the year. <mask> received a medical degree from the Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, completed a residency in anesthesiology at the Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts, and then a fellowship in children's anesthesiology at Children's Hospital of Boston. At the 1992 Olympics, <mask> was expected to win up to five gold medals. She finished fifth in the 50-meter and second in the 100 meter, but failed to qualify for the final in the 200 meter freestyle. <mask> was part of the 4100-meter freestyle and 4100-meter backstroke teams. There was controversy after the 100

masks: Thompson Thompson Thompson Thompson Thompson


title: Jenny Thompson

type: paraphrased

texts: meter freestyle when the U.S. team speculated on the loose policy standards in Barcelona and only the second and fourth-place finishers were tested.The rule that the Olympic champion should be tested was changed a few months later when nine members of the Chinese swimming team tested positive for steroid use. <mask> continued to rank among the world's best swimmers for the next four years while she was a member of the U.S. national team. A member of four NCAA championship teams, <mask> was considered to be one of the most dominant collegiate teams in NCAA history. <mask> won nineteen individual and relay NCAA titles. She competed for the USA at the 8th World Championship in Hungary in 1996. <mask> wasn't able to qualify for her individual events at the 1996 Olympics because of her poor performance at the trials. <mask> won gold medals on three relay teams at the 1996 Olympics.<mask> won eight more world championship titles between 1997 and 1999 and three in a row in the 100 meter freestyle. She won a bronze in the 100 meter freestyle and was fifth in the 100 meter butterfly at the 2000 Summer Olympics. In the 4200-meter freestyle relays, she swam the anchor leg to help the USA defend its titles. She swam in the winning relays. The 4100-meter freestyle and medley teams set new world records. At the World Championships in 2004, she broke the world record in the 100 meter butterfly for the fourth time, winning a heat in a time of 56.56 and going on to win the gold medal. After the 2000 season, <mask> won 10 Olympic medals, eight gold, one silver and one bronze, and 12 gold medals at the World

masks: Thompson Thompson Thompson Thompson Thompson Thompson Thompson


title: Jenny Thompson

texts: Championships.<mask> moved to New York City in 2001 to study at the Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons. She returned to competition at the 2002 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships after attending medical school. <mask> won five medals in two days, setting a career-best time in the 50-meter freestyle. She won five medals at the 2003 World Championships. <mask> was the oldest member of the 2004 U.S. team. She competed in her fourth Olympics in Athens, Greece. She contributed to a national record and a silver medal in the 400 meter freestyle relay.She won a silver medal in the 4100-meter medley relay. <mask> won twelve medals, eight of which were relay gold, the most for any female Olympic swimmer in history. <mask> received a degree in 2006 from the Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons. She did her internship at the New York City Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center. In June 2010 she was attacked by two men who tried to steal her scooter, however she was able to fight them off. <mask> wed Daniel Richard Cumpelik on September 5, 2010. She is an anesthesiologist at Maine Medical Center in Portland, Maine.<mask> is a celebrity swimmer for Swim Across America, a charity that raises money for cancer research. She was the 1993 and 1998 USA Swimming Swimmer of the Year, and ranked as the 62nd greatest female athlete of all time. She was named the Female World Swimmer of the Year in 1998, as well as the Female American Swimmer of the Year in 1993, 1998 and 1999. She was the Women's Sports Foundation's athlete of the year in 2000. The public swimming pool in her hometown is


title: Lionel Wilson (voice actor)

texts: <mask> was an American voice actor, audiobook reader, stage actor, and author of children's books. He voiced Eustace Bagge on Courage the Cowardly Dog and was known for his roles. <mask>'s first professional stage performance was in 1936 at the age of twelve, and his interest in acting began at an early age. He was selected for the 1942 Barter Theatre Scholarship, which included a summer boot camp for aspiring actors. He played in at least 25 professional stage productions over the course of his career, including four on Broadway: Dodsworth as bellboy and as a lost boy. 1936. He was a witch and a messenger.1940. The Merry Widow is Nish. In 1942, 1955 and 1958. Scooper Nolan and Deadpan Hackett were replaced by Janie. Broadway from 1943 to 44. The male animal was named "Wally". In 1944.Good morning. Broadway in 1944. Dexter Franklin was replaced by Kiss and Tell. Broadway from 1945 to 46. My Sister Eileen was Frank Lippincott. In 1945–46. He was Tenting Tonight, as Elliott Smollens.1947. Joan was one of her brothers. 1947. As Fred Taylor, John loves Mary. 1948. As Rick, Waltz me Around Again. 1948.The Intruder was Tommy. The year 1952. Mr. Pontdue wore High Button Shoes. In 1954. Fox was as Jackson. Broadway in 1954. Rio Rita was the chick bean.1955. The town was called Wonderful Town. 1955. Harvey was named Elwood P. Dowd. The year 1956. Girl Crazy is Slick Fothergill. The year 1956.It was once in a lifetime, as Rudolph Kammerling. 1964. As Bud Frump, how to succeed in business without really trying. The Fantasticks were played by Henry

masks:
Lionel Wilson
Lionel Wilson


title: Lionel Wilson (voice actor)

texts: Albertson. The year 1967. Oscar Lindquist was Sweet Charity. 1968.The flower is named after Harvey Greenfield. 1969. Francis Flute is playing Thisbe. 1973. The Soldier's Tale was made into a movie. 1984. He also played supporting roles in several TV series.The following list may be incomplete since supporting roles are sometimes uncredited. NBC is a television network. The Silver Theatre was a snooper in 1949. CBS shows. There was a clerk in the first and second episodes of the show. NBC is a television network. The Magic Cottage was featured in Father Time on December 28, 1950.Most episodes have been lost along with the credits. DuMont TV is on. George Bigelow was the Aldrich Family's name. NBC is a television network. As Scooper in Janie, season 3 episode 5, November 1953, and as Leo Davis in Room Service, season 3 episode 14, January 1954. WOR-TV is in New York City. The episodes of Valiant Lady were not known.CBS shows. A scene from The Ed Sullivan Show. CBS shows. You can search for Tomorrow episodes. CBS shows. <mask> began his career as a voice actor after majoring in Radio Production at New York University. He took on more voiceover work in the 1950s in order to provide a more stable income.In 1957 Gene Deitch invited him to work at Terrytoons, where he voiced all the characters for the Tom Terrific cartoon series, including Crabby Appleton. He worked on projects with other studios and continued to work on Terrytoon cartoons. <mask> reprised the role of Eustace Bagge in the Staylongers series on the Cartoon Network in the summer of 2000

masks: Wilson Wilson


title: Lionel Wilson (voice actor)

texts: after landing the role at the age of 75. After completing 33 Courage episodes, <mask> retired due to illness and was replaced by Arthur Anderson. <mask>'s credits include Top Secret and The Admiral's Strange Identity. The series voiced all the characters. Each of the 26 storylines had five 5-minute episodes.John Doormat and his wife were voiced in the Terrytoons series. A Bum Steer is voiced by Terrytoons. In the episodes Clint Clobber's Cat, Springtime for Clobber, and The Flamboyant Arms, Miss O'Leery is voiced by Clint Clobber. The voice of "Gaston's Baby" is that of Gaston le Crayon. Sidney's Family Tree was nominated for an Academy Award as the best short subject in 1958. The voice of Possible Possum in an episode was that of Deputy Dawg. Jester, Royal Mathematician, and Royal Wizard are voiced in Many Moons.The cartoon was used in a segment of the film. 16 of the Sidney the Elephant series were repeated in The Hector Heathcote Show. There are 37 shorts in the Possible Possum series. The character in the episode "Champion Chump" was voiced by Martian Moochers. Rope Man, Cuckoo Man, and James Hound are voiced in the animated series of 20 seven-minute episodes. Some of the made-for-TV episodes were later released to theaters. Astronut, Martian Moocher, and Cuckoo Man and Rope Man were all voiced by The Astronut Show.The Sidney the Elephant series


title: Lionel Wilson (voice actor)

texts: was1-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-6556 All of the characters in the four episodes are voiced by The Merry Makers. The World of Hans Christian Andersen is an English-language version of a Japanese animation. The Emperor's New Armor is part of the narration. You and Winky Dink! All characters are voiced in the 52 episodes. Marco Polo Junior Versus the Red Dragon is an Australian full-length cartoon.The English-language release of a Japanese animation, dubbed the voice of Glikko. There are voices in unidentified episodes of Superbook. <mask> is one of the voices of Miracle at Intervale. The narration of The Season of Our Joy is not credited. In the six episodes, Brain games narrated Odd Card Out, Mysteriosos, and The Riddler. The English adaptation of the Japanese series Space Battleship Yamato has the voice of Jason Jetter in some episodes. The Secret of Mulan features cartoon characters.In 33 episodes, Courage the Cowardly Dog voiced Eustace Bagge. The Staylongers series was voiced by Eustace Bagge. A Filmography in International Movie Database has a few additional voiceover credits, but they don't indicate the source of the information. He was an audiobook narrator for over 100 children's audiobooks. The plays Pocket Full O'Rye, Simon Says, and Oh Where Have You Been,


title: Emperor Murakami

texts: According to the traditional order of succession, he was the 62nd emperor of Japan. His reign lasted from 946 to his death in 967. His personal name before he ascended to the throne was Nariakira-shinn. The 14th son of Emperor Daigo was named Nariakira-shinn. There were 19 Imperial sons and daughters. He ascended the throne two years after he was appointed crown prince. The emperor abdicated in the 16th year of his reign, and the senso was received by his younger brother.On the 28th day of the 4th month, Emperor <mask>, who was 21 years old at the time, ascended to the throne. The Sessho regent, Fujiwara no Tadahira, was <mask>'s maternal uncle. The Fujiwara clan ruled Japan after the death of Tadahira, despite being praised as the emperor who ruled the state directly. The rulers of Japan were the brothers Fujiwara no Saneyori and Fujiwara no Morosuke. The former-Emperor Yzei died on the 29th day of the 9th month. The emperor ordered the creation of Gosen Wakash, which was done by the Five Men of the Pear Chamber. The former-Emperor died at the age of 30.The Imperial palace burned down for the first time since the capital was removed from Nara to Heian-ky in 794. Heian period culture had a central figure. He played the flute and Japanese harp. The former-Emperor died at the age of 42. The location of <mask>'s grave is known. The emperor is venerated at a

masks: Murakami Murakami Murakami


title: Emperor Murakami

texts: shrine in Kyoto. This location is designated by the Imperial Household Agency as <mask>'s mausoleum.It is a collective term for the few most powerful men who were attached to the court of the Emperor of Japan. The group included three to four men at a time. The experience and background of these courtiers brought them to the top of their careers. This apex of the Daij-kan was included during <mask>'s reign. Daij-daijin, Fujiwara no Tadahira. Sadaijin is Ono-no Miya Fujiwara no Saneyori. Udaijin, Fujiwara no Saneyori.Udaijin is from Fujiwara no Morosuke. Udaijin is from Fujiwara no Akitada. Udaijin, Minamoto no Taka-akira. The years of murakami's reign are identified by more than one era name. The year 1979. The Future and the Past, a translation and study of the Gukansh, an interpretative history of Japan, was written in 1219. The University of California Press is in Berkeley.Richard Arthur Brabazon, Ponsonby-Fane. The year 1959 The Imperial House is in Japan. The Ponsonby Memorial Society is in Kyoto. Titsingh, Isaac, ed. The book was published in 1836. Annales des empereurs du Japon ran.Great Britain and Ireland have an Oriental translation fund. H. Paul, ed. was written by Varley. The year 1980. Jinn Shtki of Kitabatake Chikafusa was translated by H. Paul Varley. Columbia University Press is in New York. See the Emperor of Japan List of Emperors of

masks: Murakami Murakami


title: Alicja Rosolska

texts: <mask> is a professional tennis player. She reached her best singles ranking in June of 2003 614. She peaked on June 10, 2019. There are 23 in the doubles rankings. In Cachantn with Lga Dekmeijere, she won the ninth doubles title of her career. She played in the women's doubles at the 2008 and 2012 Summer Olympics with Jans-Ignacik.Her sister is a tennis player. In August 2004, she played in her first Grand Slam doubles final at the Orange Warsaw Open in Sopot. She lost to Nuria Llagostera Vives and Marta Marrero. She failed to win the trophy in both of the finals she played in 2005. She played the final of the Warsaw Open in 2005. She played at the Palermo Open in July. She lost the finals with Jans.She lost in the first round at the 2005 Zurich Open. She made her Grand Slam debut at the Australian Open. She lost in the second round. She made it to the second round of the French Open. She won her first WTA doubles title at the Cachantn Cup in February 2008. She didn't play with Jans in her first final. In the straight-set, she defeated Mariya Koryttseva and Julia Schruff.At the Summer Olympics in Beijing, she made her debut. She lost in the first round to Lindsay Davenport and Liezel Huber in the doubles event. She reached the third round of the US Open for the first time. The start of the season was promising due to the final in the first week. She lost to Anna-Lena Grnefeld and Vania King. She won the title at the Andalucia Tennis Experience in April. She was a runner-up at the Linz Open in October.In the first four months of 2010, she advanced to three semifinals. She reached


title: Alicja Rosolska

texts: Monterrey Open in March of 2015. She reached the quarterfinals at the Italian Open and later at the Wuhan Open. She played at the trophy for the first time.They lost both matches. She won the title at the Bastad Open with her partner. She won her first title with Jeena Ostapenko. She and Hibino won the title at the Monterrey Open. She reached a new Premier 5/Mandatory quarterfinals at the Wuhan Open. She qualified for the second time. She lost both of her matches with Anna Smith.The first win at the Elite Trophy was at Wimbledon SF, where she reached the semifinals. She reached the semifinals of the Ladies Open Lugano. She reached the quarterfinals at the Madrid Open. She had a successful grass-court season. She won her first grass title at theNottingham Open. She reached the semifinals at Wimbledon. She lost to Barbora and Kateina Siniakov.She reached the semifinals at the Connecticut Open and the quarterfinals at the China Open. She won the first match she played with Mihaela, but lost the next one. She advanced to the final in January. She won the green clay title in April. She and Grnefeld won all their matches in straight sets. She lost both of her matches at the tournament. In the first round of the 2020 Summer Olympics, <mask> lost to Bethanie Mattek-Sands and Jessica Pegula.She reached the semifinals of the International 2. The main-draw results in Grand Slam tournaments, Fed Cup/Billie Jean King Cup and Olympic Games are included in win–loss records. The current is doubled after the Total Open. Doubles: 25 titles, 11 runner-ups, and one runner-up in the Grand Slam


title: Bob Greene

texts: <mask>. was born on March 10, 1947. He was a columnist for the Chicago Tribune. Michael Jordan, Alice Cooper, and U.S. presidents are just a few of the subjects written about by <mask>. His book with Michael Jordan was a hit. After graduating from Northwestern University in 1969 and becoming a reporter and feature writer for the Chicago Sun-Times, he received a regular column in the paper within two years. Billion Dollar Baby was a diary of his experiences while touring with Alice Cooper and portraying Santa Claus in a show. In 1977 he won the National Headliner Award for the best newspaper column from an American journalism group.Soon after, he was hired by the Chicago Tribune and began making occasional guest appearances on local television, eventually landing a commentary slot on the ABC news program Nightline. The "American Beat" column was written by him. In January 1980, a man who was threatening to go on a killing spree was taken into custody by Los Angeles Police. The Los Angeles community of Huntington Park was where the letter writer lived at that time. In the first week of January, he traveled to Los Angeles at the request of the police. Through the use of his column, <mask> gave out a phone number to his hotel room that the letter writer, who identified himself in letters as "Moulded to Murder", was to use to contact him. The man was arrested at a payphone after police traced the call.He wrote about these events in his daily column. Vietnam veterans were asked if they had been spat upon when they returned from overseas. He published a book, Homecoming: When the Soldiers Returned From Vietnam, full of the letters he received. A friendship that was documented in two best-selling books was formed during the 1990s when Michael Jordan was a member of the Chicago Bulls. The movie was based on a column. His novel All Summer Long was published in 1993 by Doubleday. Critics accused him of

masks:
Robert Bernard Greene Jr
Greene
Greene


title: Bob Greene

texts: excessive sentimentality, heavy writing and repetitive coverage of the same subject, most notably the Baby Richard child custody saga.In the book Baby Richard: A Four-year-Old Child Comes Home, a therapist for the birth parents claimed that the adoptive parents never spoke to them, although he covered the subject with 100 columns in which he took the side of the adoptive parents. The biological parents did not respond to his requests for interviews. Neil Steinberg wrote a column called "BobWatch: We Read Him So You Don't Have To" for the Chicago Reader. The experiences of a roadie for Alice Cooper were parodied in the background of the villain Dr. Bong in the 1970s comic Howard the Duck. In a December 1988 article, "You Wouldn't Want to be <mask>", Magda Krance wrote about critical coverage of the pop-culture press release writer. Krance said his output was the journalistic equivalent of Tuna Helper. In September 2002 he resigned from his newspaper column after admitting to an extramarital sexual relationship with a high school student.The student was the subject of a column by <mask> after he visited him at work. The affair attracted a lot of attention. The FBI looked into the matter at a pre-investigative level and did not take any action after they were made aware of the situation. When the news broke, he had meetings with his bosses at the Tribune, with the Tribune stating they never said that, and he offered to resign. The paper publicly stated that he had been dismissed for "abusing his position for his own benefit" but did not provide details at that point. The full story, that he was told to leave and did so on non-criminal grounds, did not emerge until months later. The woman with whom he had a relationship was 17, legal age in Illinois, and had graduated from high school in the months between their first meeting and his invitation to take her out to dinner.Their only hotel tryst

masks:
Bob Greene
Greene


title: Bob Greene

texts: was described in the Chicago Tribune as a "sexual encounter that stopped short of intercourse," and he told her, "You should wait to do this with someone you love." Susan died of heart failure four months after her husband resigned from the Tribune. The current books were not returned to newspaper or magazine journalism. He is a contributor to CNN.com. His 2006 book, And You Know You Should Be Glad: A True Story of Lifelong Friendship, is a personal account of the illness and death of his lifelong friend. The bestselling author looks back on his youth in Ohio. He and his friends called themselves ABCDJ, for Allen, <mask>, Chuck, Dan and Jack.Remembering people and places they shared, the two revisit an old haunt, discovering that their beloved Toddle House, where they once went for late-night chocolate pie, is now a Pizza Plus. The repetitive associations recall everything from his Halloween costume and old songs to ice cream parlors. The author's attic is cluttered with clichés, nostalgia and overly sentimental yearnings. When We Get to Surf City: A Journey through America in Pursuit of Rock and Roll, Friendship, and Dreams was released on May 13, 2008. He intermittently toured with surf-rock musicians Jan and Dean, singing backup and playing guitar. Late Edition: A Love Story was published on July 7, 2009. He reminisces about his days as a copyboy at the Columbus Citizen-Journal and the Columbus Dispatch.In 1977 he won the National Headliner Award for writing the previous year's best column. In 1995 he was named Illinois Journalist of the Year. He was awarded the Peter Lisagor Award for Public Service Journalism for his reporting on courts failing children. There are two children with Susan Koebel <mask>. There is a late edition of A Love Story. The 50-year Dash: The Feelings, Foibles, and Fears of Being Half-a-Century Old was written by Fulford. CNN Reliable Sources, September 21, 2002

masks: Bob Greene


title: Etienne L. de Mestre

masks:
Etienne
de Mest
Etienne


title: Etienne L. de Mestre

texts: April 1832. Mary Ann Black was the granddaughter of privateer John Black and the third and youngest son of the Frenchman Prosper <mask>re. He had a long line of champion horses that passed through his hands. He bred many of them, and trained many of them, including Tim, Chester, Yattendon, Plant and "Veno". George Taylor Rowe, the owner of the celebrated Veno, and the father of the little girl who was to grow up and one day be his wife, were associated with De Mestre. He was the first national sportsman to represent the district where he lived.As a school boy, Etienne loved thoroughbred horse racing, and went on to become an excellent jockey, amateur jockey, and trainer. Thomas John "Tom" Roberts' "Exeter Farm" at Jembaicumbene was where De Mestre spent his school holidays racing and working with thoroughbred horses. He won the main event at Bathurst at the age of 15 and 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020


title: Etienne L. de Mestre

texts: 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 There isn't any newspaper support to sustain this story. He might have been at the races as a spectator after having ridden with Tom. Nancy was leased and trained by De Mestre. Nancy was raced at Numba twice.The first child of <mask>'s family was born in the vicinity of Jembaicumbene near Braidwood when he was 18 years old. <mask> was Ellen's mother. One of Ellen's grand children, <mask>, was the last initiated tribal elder on the South Coast of New South Wales. <mask> Hornsby is an urbanized contemporary Aboriginal artist with visions of contemporary Australian life and landscapes. The "Terara" was leased from their mother by <mask>re and his brother in the early 1850s. The best training track in the colony was said to be at the horse stud, stable and racecourse there. The rest of the farm was converted into the best training and breeding establishment after their mother's death.George Taylor Rowe's horse Plant was ridden by <mask> <mask> to victory in the Members Plate. George Taylor Rowe's horse Veno was going to be sent to Melbourne by steamship. George Taylor Rowe assisted in the training of Veno for the first Champion Challenge race between the winners of New South Wales and Victoria after <mask>re steamed to Melbourne. In front of 20,000 people, Veno defeated the Victorian champion. After

masks:
Etienne
Sarah Lamb
Lloyd Nolan
Lloyd Nolan
de Mest
Etienne
de Mestre
de Mest


title: Etienne L. de Mestre

texts: training and racing colts from the "Exeter Farm" of Rowland Hassall and Tom Roberts, Etienne became a master trainer. His overnight success as a trainer was due to owners throughout the area wanting to send their best horses to him. <mask> first sent his horses to Melbourne by steamship.He sent three horses to run. He won the Cup with a horse that he leased from Hassall & Roberts and raced in his own name. On the next day, he won another 2-mile long distance race. After Archer won the AJC Queen Elizabeth Stakes, <mask>re shipped him to compete in the Melbourne Cup. He won the Melbourne Cup for the second time. When Peter Pan won the race in 1934 and 1932, it was the first time in history that two years in a row would win the race. The Victoria Turf Club declared that <mask>re's telegraph of acceptance for Archer for the Cup had arrived late and scratched the horse from the race.In protest of the decision, all the interstate owners scratched their horses and boycotted the third race. It is unlikely that he would have been able to race due to injuries he sustained in the lead up to the Cup. The smallest number of local Victorians in the history of the Cup were scratched that year. <mask> swore he would never race in Victoria again after the debacle over the third Melbourne Cup. He did. He returned to the Melbourne Cup with his horses. He won for a third time with a horse that he

masks:
De Mestre
de Mest
de Mest
De Mestre


title: Etienne L. de Mestre

texts: leased from the owners.He continued to send horses to compete in the Melbourne Cup. De Mestre had a great record in other classic races. John Tait beat <mask>re's record in 1872 and won four Melbourne Cups. When <mask> was able to match the new record in 1877, he was able to hold it for 99 years. The daughter of George Taylor Rowe was married to <mask> <mask> at the age of 21. Twenty years older than Clara, Etienne had known her since she was a young child. They had 11 children, 10 of which survived infancy.Their youngest son, <mask> Maistre, who was born after <mask>re had retired from training, was a successful artist who lived the later part of his life in London where he formed a friendship with Patrick White. The favourite Robin Hood and ten other horses were lost at sea when the S.S. City of Melbourne was struck by a storm. The loss of Robin Hood didn't stop <mask>re from transporting horses by sea to compete in the Melbourne Cup. <mask>re won two more Melbourne Cups with Chester and Calamia in the next two years. He was the first outstanding racehorse trainer in Australia. De Mestre equalled John Tait's record of owning the winners of 4 Melbourne Cup when he won on Calamia in 1878. Although 2 of the 3 horses that won these races were racing in <mask>re's name, they were not actually owned by <mask>re.De Mestre leased from the "Exeter Farm" for training and racing purposes.

masks:
de Mest
de Mestre
Etienne
de Mestre
Roy de
de Mest
de Mest
de Mest
de Mest
de Mest


title: Etienne L. de Mestre

texts: As a lessee <mask>re was responsible for the horses and kept their purses. They were leased from Thomas John "Tom" Roberts, his brother-in-law, Edmund Molyneux Royds, and William Edward Royds. He was returned to his legal owners at "Exeter Farm" when he was retired from racing. There was no repeat of <mask>'s success as a trainer or owner in the betting ring. He lost a lot of his winnings from a carnival because he gambled on the wrong runner. He tried to recover some of his gambling losses by betting on two of his horses for a VRC Derby-Melbourne Cup double in what is believed to be the largest bet ever placed in the Colonies.After winning the first leg of the bet with Navigator, he scratched this same horse from the Cup as he felt that his other horse Sweet William would be the winner. De Mestre lost his gamble after injury placed Sweet William in 5th place. The all-black livery of the Terara stable disappeared from the colonial racing world at the age of 51 after De Mestre encountered many financial and health problems. Although most successful as owner and trainer, De Mestre ran into trouble after being persuaded to invest a lot of money in the state. He was broke because of a severe dry spell in QUEENSLAND and also on the shrewhaven. When his health began to fail, friends organised a benefit race meeting for him. He was able to live comfortably until his death because of the

masks:
de Mest
De Mestre


title: Etienne L. de Mestre

texts: success of it.He died at "Garryowen" at Moss Vale on October 22, 1916 at the age of 84, and was buried in the Church of England cemetery at Bong Bong, New South Wales. The Masters Touch, Racing with <mask> <mask>re, Winner of 5 Melbourne Cups was published in 2008. There are links to the Australian Racing Museum and the Australian Thoroughbred Racing Hall of

masks:
Etienne
de Mest


title: Donald Margulies

texts: <mask> is an American playwright and professor at Yale University. Dinner with Friends won the Pulitzer Prize for Drama in 2000. <mask> attended John Dewey High School in Brooklyn, New York, and graduated from Purchase College with a degree in visual arts. <mask> lives in New Haven with his wife and son. He is a professor at Yale University. The Country House is one of <mask>' best works. Dinner with Friends was the winner of the Pulitzer Prize in 2000." Sight Unseen is about loss, like most of my plays, and about identity," <mask> said. The central motifs in Brooklyn Boy have always been visible in Mr. <mask>'s work, from the willed amnesia of the self-invented artist to the hazy lines between fiction and reality. In The Loman Family Picnic and What's Wrong With This Picture?, Eric's fractious, divided family, summoned in recollection in Brooklyn Boy, has been anticipated. The play was a part of the new works festival. The play was read at the Festival. The play is about a long-awaited reunion between two brothers. The Off-Broadway production of Long Lost opened at New York City Center on May 14, 2019.The cast includes Kelly AuCoin, Annie Parisse, Lee Tergesen, and Alex Wolff. Anna, an actress, is appearing at the Williamstown Theatre Festival in The Country House. She is having fun with her son, a failed actor, Michael, her son-in-law, Walter, who was married to her deceased daughter, and her daughter Susie. On October 2, 2014, The Country House opened on Broadway at the Manhattan Theater Club's Samuel J. Friedman Theatre. It was a co-production with the Geffen Playhouse, where it had its world premiere on June 11, 2014). It was the winner of the L.A. Ovation Award for Best Play in the Large Theatre category. Time Stands Still opened on Broadway on January 28, 2010, at the Manhattan

masks:
Donald Margulies
Margulies
Margulies
Theater Margulies
Margulies
Margulies


title: Donald Margulies

texts: Delmore Schwartz was the inspiration for Adaptations Luna Park. The play was directed by Florence Stanley and produced by the Jewish Repertory Theater. His play God of Vengeance, based on the Yiddish classic by Sholem Asch, was produced in 2000 and 2002. Theater Review. "Coney Island Christmas, adapted from the short story "The Loudest Voice" by Grace Paley, was commissioned and first produced by the Geffen Playhouse in November 2012" The "Jewish Christmas show" was directed by Bart DeLorenzo.Several television shows have been written by <mask>. He has adapted a wide range of material for film and television, both fiction and non-fiction. Although of course you end up becoming yourself: A road trip with David Foster Wallace was adapted by The End of the Tour Margulies. The film was directed by James Ponsoldt and features two actors, Wallace and Lipsky. <mask> has received grants from the National Endowment for the Arts, the New York Foundation for the Arts, the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation and a MacDowell Colony. Sight Unseen was an early version of Collected Stories, and he was a playwright-in-residence at the Playwrights Conference for three summers. <mask> is a member of the council of the Dramatists Guild of America.The American Academy of Arts and Sciences, PEN/Laura Pels International Foundation for Theater Award, and the National Foundation for Jewish Culture have been selected. An Entertainment, 2007, Time Stands Still, 2009, Coney Island Christmas, 2012 The Country House, and Long Lost are all references. <mask> had an interview with Downstage Center about the world premiere of Brooklyn Boy. The Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library is located at Yale University. The Pulitzer Prize for Drama was won by John Dewey High School alumni State University of New York at

masks:
Margulies
Margulies
Margulies
Donald Margulies


title: Yohannan VIII Hormizd

texts: The last hereditary patriarch of the Eliya line of the Church of the East was <mask> VIII Hormizd. After the death of his uncle, he claimed the patriarchal throne and became a Catholic. He was recognized by the Vatican as a patriarchal administrator. His career as a patriarchal administrator was marked by a number of conflicts with his own bishops and the Vatican. After being suspended from his functions in 1812 and again in 1818, he was reinstated by the Vatican in 1828. In 1830, after the death of the Amid patriarchal administrator, he was recognised by the Vatican as the leader of the Babylonians. The birth of the patriarchal line of the church was marked by this event.The practice of hereditary succession ended in the 18th century after the death of Yohannan Hormizd. Yohannan Hormizd was 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 Most of the contemporary accounts are partisan and must be used with care. The Church of the East, The Nestorians and Their Rituals is a classic study of the


title: Yohannan VIII Hormizd

texts: Church of the East, which was written by Yohannan Hormizd. The history of the monastery of Rabban Hormizd was published in a French translation by M. Brire in 1910 and 1911. The intrigues that followed Yohannan's election as patriarch are provided in both texts. Both can't be trusted on matters of interpretation, but if read carefully they can shed light on the politics of the Chaldean Church in the late 18th and early 19th century.The texts of Giamil and Tfinkdji reflected the partisan spirit of the contemporary accounts. Stephane Bello was the first scholar to write a dispassionate account of <mask> <mask>'s career. He has been followed by another person. English summaries of <mask> <mask>'s career were written by David Wilmshurst andChristoph Baumer in 2000 and 2006 respectively. Three paragraphs were devoted to <mask> Hormizd. The largest and oldest of the three patriarchates was based at the Alqosh monastery. It was spread from Aqrah up to Seert and Nisibis.Since the 15th century, the Bar Mama family has had a strict hereditary system in which one of their children was appointed as a metropolitan bishop with the right of succession. The designated successor was the nephew. Eliya XI was the uncle of <mask> Hormizd. The See of Amid became independent and joined Rome in 1681. There are a few towns in the North-West Mountains that are now in Turkey. Joseph IV Hindi was a relative of Augustine Hindi. The tax burden imposed by the Turkish authorities caused financial difficulties for the patriarchate.The third patriarchal See was located in the North East Mountains. <mask> <mask> was

masks: Yohannan Hormizd Yohannan Hormizd Yohannan Yohannan Yohannan Hormizd


title: Yohannan VIII Hormizd

texts: born in 1760 and is still alive and well in the Assyrian Church of the East Early life. His father was the brother of Eliya XI Denha. The Vatican sent a letter to both the Mosul and Qochanis patriarchs. The patriarchs themselves remained celibate at this time, so hereditary succession from uncle to nephew was in force. In 1745, Eliya XI consecrated his nephew Ishoyahb a metropolitan and gave him the title of 'guardian of the throne', thus designating him his presumptive successor. In response to the overture from the Vatican, Eliya XI and his nephew Ishoyahb both made Catholic professions of faith in 1771, and Pope Clement XIV wrote to Eliya to urge him to bring over his people to Catholicism.In the same year, Ishoyahb was deposed from his metropolitan rank and his nephew <mask> Hormizd was made a deacon. On May 22, 1776, Yohannan was consecrated a metropolitan and named natar kursya. If his uncle had lived a few years longer, Yohannan's succession would probably have been assured, but he died in the village of Alqosh from a plague which swept through the district in 1778. Ishoyahb and Yohannan were reconciled after they made Catholic professions of faith. The Latin missionaries supported Ishoyahb after he succeeded his uncle as patriarch without opposition from the young Yohannan. After obtaining his firman of office from the Ottoman civil authorities, Ishoyahb abandoned his Catholic profession of faith. He was deposed by the notables of Mosul with the support of the Latin missionaries and replaced by Shemon of Amid.Shemon declined to accept the honor, and Ishoyahb's opponents were


title: Yohannan VIII Hormizd

texts: obliged to turn to the young <mask> <mask>, who had demonstrated his zeal for the Catholic cause since Ishoyahb's volte face. The governor of Mosul was bribed by Yohannan's supporters to use his influence to get a firman from Constantinople, which gave Yohannan authority over both the Christians and the Jews. Yohannan sent a letter of submission to the Vatican. The Vatican was faced with a dilemma. The Vatican had been hoping that Yohannan's profession of faith would lead to his confirmation as the leader of the Catholic Church in Babylon. To confirm Yohannan's election would condone the distasteful practice of hereditary succession. There was a chance that Ishoyahb's submission was more sincere than Yohannan's.The Vatican's initial response was to inform Raphael Terconuski, the superior of the Catholic mission at Mosul, that <mask> Hormizd's profession of faith appeared to be satisfactory, but that his election was to be considered null. After considering further, the Sacred Congregation decided on 18 February 1783 to appoint Yohannan archbishop of Mosul and administrator of the patriarchate of Babylon, giving him all the necessary powers except the title and the insignia of the patriarch. <mask> Hormizd seemed to justify the hopes placed in him for the next eight years. He devoted his time to the conversion of the villages to Catholicism under his authority. In August of 1790, on the advice of the missionaries, he consecrated his nephew Shemon metropolitan and sent him to the Zibar district, where he converted the Nestorian villages of Arena and Barzane. He sent Shemon to the

masks: Yohannan Hormizd Yohannan Yohannan


title: Yohannan VIII Hormizd

texts: district where he was successful. The high point of this honeymoon period came in February 1791, when the Vatican appointed him patriarchal administrator of the Amid patriarchate, leaving him a free hand.On February 3, 1793, <mask> <mask>'s appointment was withdrawn after protests from the clergy of Amid. The Mosul missionaries began to report rumors about his performance. He was said to have released a monk from his vows for a payment of 73 piastres, to have visited families without a companion, and to have feasted in the house of a newly-wed couple. Although each of these incidents was relatively minor in itself, and could equally have been explained by mere imprudence rather than active corruption, their frequency was disturbing. The apostolic vicar of Baghdad, Fulgence de Sainte Marie, was sent to report on the situation after Yohannan accused the missionaries of arrogance. <mask> Hormizd had to deal with the opposition of his cousin Ishoyahb, who continued to assert that he was the rightful leader. In 1780 Ishoyahb withdrew from Yohannan's election and went to Amadiya.He consecrated his nephew Hnanisho metropolitan in 1784 after making another Catholic profession of faith in an attempt to regain the sympathies of the missionaries. The civil authorities in Baghdad held the balance between Muhammad, governor of Mosul, who supported <mask> Hormizd, and ISMA'il, governor of Amadiya, who sheltered Ishoyahb and his followers. Shemon, Yohannan's nephew, was arrested on a visit to the village of Bir Sivi in the Zakho district on Isma'il's orders, and was only released by the efforts of


title: Yohannan VIII Hormizd

texts: the governor of Mosul and the governor of Baghdad. The Turkish authorities imprisoned Yohannan and his two brothers for three and a half months after they went to Amadiya to do business. The governor of Baghdad interceded again to get their release. After a clash with the Vatican in 1802, Yohannan's relationship with the Vatican deteriorated further in 1802. In 1796, a delegation from the Malabar Christians came to Iraq and begged for a bishop.Yohannan wrote to the Vatican for guidance, but he didn't get a reply, and in 1798 he consecrated the Indian priest Paul Pandari as a bishop for the Malabar Christians. The Church of the East had been replaced by the Syriac Orthodox Church as the main focus of loyalty among the Syrian Christians of India three centuries earlier. Yohannan was asked to account for his actions after the Vatican was informed of Pandari's arrival in India. In a general consistory of 23 September 1801 the possibility of appointing him head of Babylon was considered. Yohannan's position was undermined by renewed complaints from a section of the church. His opponents, supported by the Latin missionaries, accused him of swindling monastic property. Yohannan and his nephew Shemon were sent to Rome by the priest to be dismissed.He only had enough money to send the letter to Saida in Syria, so he gave it to a missionary who was leaving for Rome. The concern in the Vatican about <mask> <mask>'s reliability was added to by the letters. <mask> Hormizd faced another challenge to his authority from a Baghdad merchant named Gabriel Dambo, one of the most remarkable figures of the

masks: Yohannan Hormizd Yohannan


title: Yohannan VIII Hormizd

texts: nineteenth century. Dambo decided to devote the rest of his life to the Church after making enough money to retire from business. The once-thriving monastery of Rabban Hormizd near Alqosh had been abandoned for many years, and he dreamed of reviving its monastic life and restoring it to its former glory. He paved the way by giving free lessons to young Christians in Baghdad, after winning a reputation as a teacher and scholar. He was able to establish a seminary in the monastery of Rabban Hormizd thanks to the help of the Catholic missionary advisers.He was appointed lay superior of the seminary after collecting a number of pupils who were promised poverty and celibacy. Gabriel was an energetic and charismatic visionary who had his own ideas of how things should be done. Gabriel believed that a large portion of the property was originally owned by the monastery of Rabban Hormizd and should be returned to the patriarchal family. <mask> Hormizd did not agree. It would have been enough to poison relations between the two men, but there were other causes as well. Men who disliked <mask> Hormizd were attracted to the new seminary. The monks made no secret of their dislike for the patriarchal administrator.They were joined by a number of influential priests, including <mask> of Tel Isqof and Yohannan of Alqosh, who shared their admiration for Gabriel. <mask> <mask>'s supporters wrote a letter of protest to the Vatican after rumour spread that he had been suspended by the Vatican. <mask> Hormizd's opponents were able to win over the pasha of Mosul, who briefly imprisoned him. The

masks: Yohannan Yohannan Yohannan Yohannan Hormizd Yohannan


title: Yohannan VIII Hormizd

texts: missionaries, led by the priest Joseph Campanile, immediately took steps to replace him. Shemon was ordered to be a priest by the Vatican after he was abusively conscripted. The priest Giwargis of Alqosh was appointed as an apostolic delegate by the Vatican after learning of <mask> <mask>'s imprisonment. It was clear that the Vatican's patience with <mask> Hormizd was almost over.<mask> <mask> had several of his opponents imprisoned after he was kidnapped by his supporters. After a series of recriminations, the Rabban Hormizd monks and the Catholic missionaries wrote to the Propaganda calling for Yohannan's deposition, accusing him of inciting the Kurds against them. On February 15, 1812, the Vatican suspended Yohannan from his functions as a patriarchal administrator and appointed Shemon Sayyegh and Giwargis as his replacements. The men were placed under the direct authority of the apostolic delegate, who was named Augustine Hindi. While this decision temporarily placed the two Catholic patriarchates under a single trustworthy authority, it was from the Vatican's point of view little more than a makeshift, as Hindi could never command the same prestige as a member of the old patriarchal family. Six years was the length of <mask> <mask>'s suspension. He issued threats against his opponents after he refused to accept the Vatican's decision.A hundred clergymen and notables attended a meeting at Alqosh on February 20, 1818, in which he apologized in writing for his misdeeds. The assembly decided to send a letter to the Vatican asking for his suspension to be lifted. The good intentions

masks: Yohannan Hormizd Yohannan Yohannan Hormizd Yohannan Hormizd


title: Yohannan VIII Hormizd

texts: were frustrated by the fact that the letter never made it to its destination. Campanile, who is unlikely to have placed a sympathetic construction on <mask> <mask>'s rapprochement with his opponents, briefed the Vatican on the affairs of the Chaldean Church early in 1818. The suspension of <mask> Hormizd was renewed on May 24, 1818, after the Sacred Congregation concluded that he had not taken his suspension seriously. The appointments of Giwargis of Alqosh and Hindi of Alqosh were renewed by briefs in June and July of 1818, respectively. Once again, Yohannan refused to accept the validity of the sentence, and for the next few years continued to assert his authority wherever he could, abetted by the civil authorities at Amadiya.The monks of the Rabban Hormizd refused to have anything to do with him and accepted the authority of the patriarchal administrator of the monastery. Joseph Audo, Lawrent Shoa, and Basil Asmar were consecrated metropolitan bishops at Amid by Hindi in March 1824. Two other bishops consecrated on the same day, Mikha'il Kattula and Ignatius Dashto, were sent to see the traditional sees of the Amid patriarchate, but the other three returned to their home villages. The three metropolitans began ordaining priests and deacons in a direct challenge to Yohannan's authority. The condemnation of <mask> Hormizd was reconsidered by the Vatican after new information came to light. The 66-year-old former patriarchal administrator was urged to retire quietly so that the peace of the church could be restored. Yohannan was vindicated by the Vatican and refused to retire.He


title: Yohannan VIII Hormizd

texts: fought back against his opponents. During the absence of the superior Gabriel Dambo in Rome, a number of monks in the monastery of Rabban Hormizd rebelled against its administrator, <mask> Gwera, who was supported by the metropolitan Joseph Audo. Basil Asmar was forced to take refuge in Amid after <mask> Hormizd upheld the rebels. On April 3, 1823, after Basil's arrival, Augustine Hindi died at Amid and was buried in a cemetery outside the city's walls. The Amid patriarchate had been independent for 146 years. The Vatican confirmed Basil Asmar's appointment as metropolitan of Amid in 1828, after he had endeared himself to the clergy and people of Amid. The Amid patriarchate came to an end after reverting to a metropolitan diocese.Basil's appointment required a bishop to be found for the see of Amadiya, and as Joseph Audo had failed to overcome the opposition of Yohannan's supporters, Gabriel Dambo and the Catholic missionaries agreed that he should be redeployed to A. Like Basil before him, he withdrew to Alqosh because he didn't trust his life to the good faith of Isma'il Pasha. Yohannan was imprisoned for a third time by the Ottoman authorities. The charges against Yohannan were investigated by Pierre-Alexander Coupperie, who traveled to Iraq to interview him. Yohannan was restored to the exercise of his jurisdiction after he was cleared of blame. Gabriel Dambo was in Rome to lobby against his rival, and he and his supporters declared Coupperie's decision invalid, and insisted that they wouldn't accept Yohannan's authority unless he was pardoned by the pope. A number of influential

masks: Yohannan Yohannan


title: Yohannan VIII Hormizd

texts: Chaldeans joined Coupperie in a written appeal to the Vatican for Yohannan's reinstatement.The Vatican's instructions led to the consecration of a bishop for the purpose by Yohannan and the metropolitan Lawrent Shoa of Kirkuk. In a consistory held in the Vatican on July 5, 1830, it was agreed that Yohannan should be relieved of his position as the leader of the Chaldeans and awarded the pallium. The decision was communicated to <mask> Hormizd in two papal bulls. After 50 years, <mask> Hormizd was finally recognised as the head of the Chaldean Church, and was given the title of Babylon of the Chaldeans. The birth of the modern Chaldean Catholic Church was marked by the suppression of the Amid patriarchate in 1830. In Baghdad on April 6, 1834, the new patriarch was awarded the pallium. According to Badger, <mask> Hormizd made a strange deal with the church in order to continue the succession.He consecrated his nephew at Urmi and appointed him metropolitan over the Nestorians of Amadiya. After the schism of 1552 (Yohannan's own family), the new metropolitan abandoned the pretense of being a Nestorian and was readmitted into the church. It is thought that Yohannan intended to exclude this nephew from being his successor because he had not long to live. The feud between Gabriel Dambo and <mask> Hormizd ended when Alqosh was pillaged by Kr Muhammad. <mask> Gwera succeeded Gabriel Dambo as superior of the monastery of Rabban Hormizd. The patriarch's troubles continued despite his rival's death. The monks of the monastery of Rabban Hormizd still refused to acknowledge his authority, and were

masks: Yohannan Yohannan Yohannan Yohannan Yohannan


title: Yohannan VIII Hormizd

texts: supported by the metropolitan Joseph Audo, who now claimed jurisdiction over the monastery.The suspension of Audo and other monks by Yohannan Hormizd had little effect. A rumour spread that a new Latin apostolic vicar had been appointed in Rome and was on his way to Iraq, and the patriarch's enemies temporarily came into line to make a good first impression on this important official. After two months, they resumed their duties in defiance of Yohannan's orders. Stephen was appointed the priest of Telkepe after sending in his submission. Gregory Peter di Natale, the metropolitan, accompanied by a priest named Andrew, was sent to inquire into the conduct of the Rabban Hormizd monks. The delegates condemned the obstinacy of the monks and returned to Baghdad after Joseph Audo retired to Amid. <mask> Gwera, the monastery's superior, tried to put his side of the story in the light of this vindication.He traveled to Rome with the monks and got a papal audience. The monks' complaints were not taken seriously by the Vatican authorities. They were assured that their allegations would be investigated but reprimanded for disobedience. Yohannan designated Gregory Peter di Natale, the metropolitan of Gazarta, as the guardian of the throne in order to exclude his nephew Eliya from the patriarchal dignity. In order to ensure that the hereditary principle wouldn't play a part in the selection of the next patriarch, he didn't promise the succession to his coadjutor. The growing infirmity of the patriarch was one of the reasons given in the bull for this decision. Zaya could lay claim to the protection


title: Yohannan VIII Hormizd

texts: of the foreign consuls in Turkey because she was Persian by birth.It was hoped that after Yohannan's death he would implement Vatican policy because he had been educated at the Propaganda. Yohannan had died a few weeks before. His family, which had provided successive patriarchs since the middle of the fifteenth century, no longer has a hereditary right of succession but insists on keeping the title Abuna. Nicholas Zaya succeeded <mask> Hormizd as patriarch, but the manner in which his succession had been arranged by the Vatican offended most of the Chaldean bishops, and Zaya's brief reign (1839–46) would prove to be as tumultuous as that of his predecessor. Brire'stoire du couvent de Rabban Hormizd de a 1832 was found in the ROC. 85f. 1009.149. People from Alqosh Assyrians of the Ottoman Empire died in the 18th


title: Eduard Hanslick

texts: He was an Austrian music critic, aesthetician and historian. He was the chief music critic of the Neue Freie Presse until the end of his life. For much of his career, he championed absolute music over programmatic music. In the "War of the Romantics", he supported and promoted the group of Robert Schumann and Johannes Brahms, often deriding the works of other composers. Vom Musikalisch-Schnen (On the Musically Beautiful) was a landmark in the aesthetic of music and outlines much of his beliefs on music. The son of Joseph Adolph Hanslik, a bibliographer and music teacher from a German-speaking family, and one of Hanslik's piano pupils, was born in the Austrian Empire. Vclav Tomek was one of the best musicians in the Czech Republic.He obtained a degree in law at the university, but his interest in music eventually led to writing music reviews for small town newspapers, and eventually the Neue Freie Presse, where he was a music critic until retirement. In 1845, whilst still a student, he met with Richard Wagner in Marienbad and the composer invited him to hear his opera Tannhuser. On the Beautiful in Music was published in 1854. He had written a negative review of the first Vienna production of Lohengrin. From this point on, <mask> found his sympathies moving away from the so-called'music of the future' associated with Mozart, Beethoven and Schumann, and more towards music he conceived as directly descending from the traditions of Mozart, Beethoven and Schumann. In 1869, in a revised edition of his essay Jewishness in Music, Wagner attacked <mask> as 'of gracefully concealed Jewish origin', and asserted that his supposedly Jewish style of criticism was anti-German. It is thought that the carping critic Beckmesser was

masks: Hanslick Hanslick


title: Eduard Hanslick

texts: caricatured in the opera as <mask>.A full professorship in history and aesthetic of music and a doctorate honoris causa was the result of <mask>'s lectureship at the University of Vienna. <mask> held a post at the Austrian Ministry of Culture and served on juries for musical contests. After writing his memoirs, he continued to write about the most important movies of the day, up to his death in 1904. <mask>'s views on music were conservative, and he said in his memoirs that his musical history began with Mozart. The War of the Romantics was an episode in 19th century music history in which he was critical of the school of Wagner. The composer of the " Music of the Future" was represented by the critic Richard Pohl. Being a close friend of Brahms, <mask> was able to get to hear new music before it was published.He thought that the use of dramatics and word painting was inimical to the nature of music and not through any extra- musical associations. He asked, "Do you not feel the mournful and oppressive air of the Battle of Ostroleka when you play the mazurkas?" It was published in 1848, p. 157. Vom Musikalisch-Schnen (On the Beautiful in Music), which started as an attack on theWagnerian aesthetic and established itself as an influential text, was written in 1854. Hugo Wolf was one of the targets for <mask>'s criticism. He criticized the composer and soloist of the Violin Concerto for putting the audience through hell with music that stinks to the ear. One of the first influential music critics was <mask>.His aesthetic and criticism are connected. Traditional musical forms were broken down in order to communicate something extra- musical. His opposition to "the music of the future" is in line with his aesthetic of music.

masks: Hanslick Hanslick Hanslick Hanslick Hanslick Hanslick Hanslick


title: Eduard Hanslick

texts: One of the things that made <mask> a champion was that he would often pit him against Wagner. For this reason, there is a historical interpretation that ignores the mutual admiration between the two men. Vom Musikalisch-Schnen was first published in 1854 and is often referred to as the foundation of modern musical aesthetic. It is probably best to consider the codification of such notions of musical autonomy and organicism.He was the first professor of music history and aesthetic in the school. While this text lays the groundwork for musical formalism, formal analysis is something that <mask> never did. The Aesthetics as Founded on Feelings is the first chapter of the Aesthetics as Founded on Feelings series. J. Mosel, C.F. Michaelis, Marpurg, W. Heinse, J.J. Kirnberger, Pierer, G. Schilling, Koch, A. André, and J.W. F. Hand, Boehm, Weber, and others.He made his primary critical target obvious by ending his list of theorists with Wagner, who recently published his own essay, Opera and Drama, in which he demonstrates how his technique expresses the feelings inherent in the content and form of poetry. The beautiful is and remains beautiful, even though it does not arouse any emotion, and even though there is no one to look at it. The beautiful is not the subject of music since emotion is not present in the music. He admits that music can awaken feelings, but that it can't bring them back. Chapter 3 of The Beautiful in Music suggests that the proper basis for an aesthetic of music is sound and motion. The initial force of a composition is the creation of a definite theme and not the desire to describe a given emotion by musical means. A melody flashes on the composer's mind thanks to that primitive and mysterious power,


title: Eduard Hanslick

texts: to Nature suggests, "Melody is the initial force, and only that music can yield truly aesthetic enjoyment which prompt and rewards the act of thus closely following the composer's thoughts, and which with perfect justice may be called a pondering of the imagination." Even the music of a shepherd is not natural, since it was invented in the shepherd's mind, and the imitation of cuckoos in symphonies should not be considered music, since its function is not musical but poetic.The value of a piece of music is determined by the relation between the idea and the form and substance of the music. He writes that they can't introduce anyone to the subject of a theme unless they play it. The concrete group of sounds in a piece of music is what the subject of a composition can be understood as. Now, as a composition must comply with the formal laws of beauty, it cannot run on randomly, but must develop gradually with intelligible and organic definiteness, as buds develop into rich blossoms. The online version of "Geschichte des Konzertwesens in Wien" was written in 1854. "Die moderne Oper" was published in Vienna in 1869–70. "Aus meinem Leben" is a 2 vol. book.The "Suite" was written by Berlin 1894 <mask>. "Anstze ber Musik und Musiker". Vienna 1884 Compositions Milostn pse Pod Vyehradem (Love song beneath Vyehrad) for violin and piano. Sein 'Intermezzo' in 1850-1852. The 1959 Ludvov was from Jitka. Dokonal antiwagnerin. Pamti/Fejetony/Kritiky was written in 1992.The "Censur und Kunst-Kritik" was published in the Smtliche Schriften. Dietmar Strau is Christian Jung. There is a Feindschaft. In: sterreichische Musikzeitschrift 67. There are external links to the University of Toronto Music Library and the Internet Encyclopedia of


title: Carlo Francesco Pollarolo

texts: <mask> was born. Most of the operas were written by an Italian composer. He became the cathedral organist in his hometown of Brescia. He began to compose operas in Venice in the 1680s. He wrote 85 of them as well as 13 oratorios. His operatic style is noted for its development of arias accompanied by the orchestra and it shows some influence from the contemporary French opera of Jean-Baptiste Lully. The Magazine de l'opéra baroque is in French.


title: Louise Glück


title: Louise Glück

texts: focused on the relationship between autobiography and classical myth in her poems. There is a writer in residence at Yale University. She splits her time between Massachusetts and Vermont.<mask> was born in New York City in 1943. She is the older of the two surviving daughters of Daniel Glck. The mother of Glck's was Russian. Her paternal grandparents were Hungarian Jews from rmihlyfalva, Bihar County, in what was then the Kingdom of Hungary, Austro-Hungarian Empire. They owned a grocery store in New York after moving to the United States. The father of Glck had an ambition to become a writer but went into business with his brother-in-law. The X-Acto knife was invented by them.Wellesley College was the alma mater of Glck's mother. Classics such as the life of Joan of Arc were taught to her by her parents. At an early age, she began to write poetry. The defining challenge of her late teenage and young adult years was anorexia nervosa, which she developed as a teenager. She wrote that the illness was the result of an effort to assert her independence from her mother. She connected her illness to the death of her elder sister, who died before she was born. She began treatment in the fall of her senior year at George W. Hewlett High School.In order to focus on her rehabilitation, she was taken out of school a few months later. She wrote that she was going to die at some point. I knew that I did not want to die. She credits therapy with helping her to overcome the illness and teach her how to think. She did not enroll in college as a full-time student


title: Giuseppe Garibaldi

texts: In his native Ligurian language, he is known as <mask>. He helped to create the Kingdom of Italy. He is one of the greatest generals of modern times and one of Italy's "Fathers of the fatherland". He is known as the "Hero of the Two Worlds" because of his military enterprises in South America and Europe. The follower of the Italian nationalist Mazzini, Garibaldi embraced the republican nationalism of the Young Italy movement. He was a supporter of Italian unification. He allied himself with the monarchist Cavour and the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia in the struggle for independence until Italy was unified.After participating in an uprising in Piedmont, he was sentenced to death, but escaped and sailed to South America, where he spent 14 years in exile, learning the art of guerrilla warfare. He took up the cause of establishing the Riograndense Republic and the Catarinense Republic after joining the Ragamuffins in 1835. The Italian force known as the Redshirts were involved in the Uruguayan Civil War and are still celebrated as an important contributor to the reconstitution of the country. In the 19th century, <mask> commanded and fought in military campaigns that led to Italian unification. He was promoted to General of the Roman Republic in 1849 by the Minister of War. When the war of independence broke out in April 1859, he led his Hunters of the Alps in the capture of major cities in Lombardy, including Varese and Como, and reached the frontier of South Tyrol; the war ended with the acquisition of Lombardy. He led the expedition with the consent of Victor Emmanuel II.Sicily, Southern Italy, Marche and Umbria were annexed to the Kingdom of

masks:
Giuseppe Maria Garibaldi
Garibaldi


title: Giuseppe Garibaldi

texts: Sardinia before the creation of a unified Kingdom of Italy on 17 March 1861. During the Franco-Prussian War, he was the commander of the Army of the Vosges. Italy's greatest national hero is believed to be <mask>, who became an international figurehead for national independence and republican ideals. He was praised and praised by many intellectuals and political figures. He was called the "only wholly admirable figure in modern history" by historian A. J. P. Taylor. He is associated with the red shirts that his volunteers wore in lieu of a uniform. Joseph-<mask> was christened in French as.On 4 July 1807 in Nice, the French First Republic conquered the Ligurian family of <mask> from Chiavari and Maria Nicoletta Raimondi from Loano. In 1814, the Congress of Vienna returned Nice to Victor Emanuel I of Sardinia, but France re-annexed it in 1860. A life at sea was drawn to him by his family's involvement in coastal trade. He was a merchant navy captain and a member of the Nizzardo Italians community. He traveled to the Russian Empire with a shipment of oranges. He met Giovanni Battista Cuneo, a member of the secret Young Italy movement, during his ten days in port. Italian unification as a liberal republic was championed by Mazzini.After joining the society, <mask> took an oath to liberate and unify his homeland from Austrian rule. The relationship between <mask> and Mazzini became troubled after they met in Genoa. He was involved in a failed insurrection in Piedmont in February 1834. A Genoese court sentenced Garibaldi to death in absentia, and he fled across the border to France. After sailing to the Beylik of Tunisia, South America <mask> found

masks:
Garibaldi
Marie Garibaldi
Domenico Garibaldi
Garibaldi
Garibaldi
Garibaldi


title: Giuseppe Garibaldi

texts: his way to the Empire of Brazil. He joined the rebels in the Ragamuffin War of 1835 in support of the Riograndense Republic's attempt to separate from Brazil. He met Ana Maria de Jesus Ribeiro da Silva.She joined the rebels when they proclaimed the Catarinense Republic in the Brazilian province of Santa Catarina. In the 19th century, <mask> worked as a trader and schoolmaster in Uruguay. The couple wed the following year. They had four children. <mask> is said to have learned about the gaucho culture from a skilled horsewoman. He adopted his trademark red shirt, poncho, and sombrero around this time. The Italian Legion of soldiers, known as the Redshirts, were used in the Uruguayan Civil War.According to an 1843 census, Montevideo had a large Italian population numbering 4,206 in a total population of 30,000. Fructuoso Rivera and Joaqun Surez were aligned with the Argentine Unitarian Party. The French and British supported this group in their fight against the forces of the former Uruguayan president, who was aligned with the Argentine Federales. The Italian Legion adopted a black flag that represented Italy in mourning, with a volcano at the center of their homeland. According to popular history, the legion got the Redshirts from a factory in Montevideo that was supposed to export them to Argentina. The shirts became the symbol of the group. In the 19th century, <mask> defended Montevideo against Oribe's forces.He led the sack of Gualeguaych during the Anglo-French blockade of the Ro de la Plata in 1845. The Battle of San Antonio del Santo and the Battle of Cerro were victories for Garibaldi. During his exile, Garibaldi joined Freemasonry,

masks: Garibaldi Giuseppe Garibaldi


title: Giuseppe Garibaldi

texts: taking advantage of the asylum the lodges offered to political refugees from European countries governed by despotic regimes. The L' Asil de la Vertud Lodge of Montevideo initiated Garibaldi at the age of 37. The main international masonic orders, such as the United Grand Lodge of England or the Grand Orient de France, did not recognize this lodge. While Garibaldi had little use for Masonic rituals, he was 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 The Grand Orient of Italy had a Grand Master."<mask> is the mason". The Grand Lodge of British Columbia is located in British Columbia. M., 2003 After regularizing his position, he joined the lodge Les Amis de la Patrie of Montevideo under the Grand Orient of France. The fate of his homeland continued to be a concern. The election of Pope Pius IX caused a sensation among Italians, both at home and in exile. Vincenzo Gioberti went on to lead the unification of Italy after he was identified as the liberal pope by Pius's initial reforms.The Pope received a letter from <mask>, who applauded the early reforms of Pius IX. Bedini was the service of the

masks: Garibaldi Garibaldi


title: Giuseppe Garibaldi

texts: Italian Legion for the liberation of the peninsula in 1847. The news of an outbreak of revolution in Palermo in January of 1848 encouraged <mask> to lead approximately 60 members of his legion home. One of the founding members and leaders of the Action Party was <mask>, who returned to Italy amidst the turmoil of the revolutions of 1848 in the Italian states. Charles Albert of Sardinia displayed some liberal inclinations, but he treated Garibaldi with coolness and distrust. After being rejected by the Piedmontese, he and his followers crossed into Lombardy and offered assistance to the Milan government, which had rebelled against the Austrian occupation. During the First Italian War of Independence, <mask>'s legion won two minor victories at Luino and Morazzone.The Roman Republic was proclaimed in the Papal States after the defeat of the Piedmontese at the Battle of Novara. Louis Napoleon sent a force to topple it. The defence of Rome was taken over by <mask>. He saved his life when he was fighting near Velletri. The novel Cantoni the Volunteer was written after Cantoni's death. The French army was defeated by the Republican army on 30 April 1849. The siege of Rome began on 1 June after French reinforcements arrived.The French defeated the Republican army on June 29th. The Roman Assembly debated three options: surrender, continue fighting in the streets, or retreat from Rome. After entering the chamber covered in blood, <mask> made a speech in favor of the third option. Rome will be where we will go. The sides agreed to a truce on July 2nd, which resulted in the withdrawal of 4,000 troops from Rome. The Holy See's temporal power was reestablished

masks: Garibaldi Garibaldi Garibaldi Garibaldi Garibaldi


title: Giuseppe Garibaldi

texts: after the French Army entered Rome. The Venetians were still resisting the Austrian siege when <mask> and his forces fled to the north.After an epic march, <mask> reached Porto Venere. He stayed with a wealthy Italian merchant in Tangier. Carpanetto suggested that he and some of his associates finance the purchase of a merchant ship. For the moment, his political goals were out of reach, but he could at least earn a living. The ship was going to be purchased in the US.On July 30, 1850, <mask> arrived in New York. The funds for buying a ship were not enough. He stayed with some of his Italian friends in New York. He met several supporters of democratic internationalism, who were open to socialist thought, at the Masonic lodges of New York in 1850. Antonio Meucci had a candle factory on Staten Island. The cottage where he stayed is listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places. In April 1851, Carpanetto and <mask> left New York for Central America, where Carpanetto was establishing business operations.They traveled to other parts of the region. Carpanetto was accompanied by a companion named <mask>, not a business partner. The shipload of Carpanetto's goods was due to arrive late in the 19th century. Garibaldi called on a revolutionary. At Lima, he was welcomed. Pietro Denegri, an Italian merchant, gave him command of his ship for a voyage across the Pacific. The Carmen was taken to the Chincha Islands.He left for Canton, China, on January 10, 1852. The Carmen was brought back to Peru via the Indian Ocean and the South Pacific after side trips to Manila and Xiamen. Three Hummock Island is in the Bass Strait. The Carmen traveled to the

masks:
Garibaldi
Garibaldidi
Garibaldi
Garibaldi
Giuseppe Pane


title: Giuseppe Garibaldi

texts: United States via Cape Horn with copper and wool. He went to New York after arriving in Boston. He resigned his command after receiving a hostile letter. Captain Figari came to the U.S. to buy a ship and hire Garibaldi to take it to Europe.The Commonwealth was bought by Figari and <mask> in Baltimore. He sailed the Commonwealth to London for coal. The Commonwealth arrived in Tyneside on 21 March 1854. The Newcastle Courant reported that <mask> refused an invitation to dine with a city official, although he was welcomed enthusiastically by local working men. He stayed in South Shields for over a month before leaving at the end of April 1854. During his stay, he was presented with a sword with an inscription, which his grandson <mask> II later carried as a volunteer in British service. After five years of exile, he sailed to Genoa on 10 May 1854.The Second Italian War of Independence returned to Italy in 1854. He used an inheritance from his brother's death to buy half of the Italian island of Caprera. The Second Italian War of Independence broke out in the midst of internal plots at the Sardinian government. The Hunters of the Alps were formed by <mask> after he was appointed major general. Thenceforth, <mask> abandoned the republican ideal of the liberation of Italy, assuming that only the Piedmontese monarchy could achieve it. He and his volunteers beat the Austrians at Varese. The city of Nice had surrendered to the French in order to get military assistance.In April 1860, as deputy for Nice in the Piedmontese parliament at Turin, he attacked Cavour for ceding Nice and the County of Nice to the Emperor of France. Even with riots in 1872, <mask>

masks:
Garibaldi
Garibaldi
Giuseppe Garibaldi
Garibaldi
Garibaldi
Garibaldi


title: Giuseppe Garibaldi

texts: promoted the Italian irredentism of his Nizza. Giuseppina Raimondi was married to <mask> on January 24, 1860. She told him immediately after the wedding that she was pregnant with another man's child and he left her the same day. The Kingdom of the Two Sicilies was the scene of uprisings at the beginning of April 1860. He left from Genoa in the evening on 5 May and arrived at Marsala on the westernmost point of Sicily. Swelling the ranks of his army with scattered bands of local rebels, <mask> led 800 volunteers to victory over an enemy force of 1,500 on the hill of Calatafimi on 15 May.He used a counter-intuitive tactic. The terraces would shelter his men as the hill was terraced. The battle was decisive in establishing <mask>'s power in the island. He said to his lieutenant, "Here we either make Italy or we die." The Neapolitan forces were ill-guided, and most of its higher officers had been bought out. He claimed to be the dictator of Sicily in the name of Victor Emanuel II of Italy. He launched a siege on the outskirts of Palermo on 27 May.He had the support of many inhabitants, who rose up against the garrison, but before they could take the city, reinforcements arrived and bombarded it. The Neapolitan royal troops and warships surrendered the city after a British admiral brokered a truce. The young Henry Adams went to the city in June and wrote a letter to his older brother. Historians They say that Garibaldi's Thousand were students, independent artisans, and professionals. The support given by Sicilian peasants was not due to a sense of patriotism but due to their hatred of exploitative landlords and Neapolitan officials. Garibaldi was

masks: Garibaldi Garibaldi Garibaldi


title: Giuseppe Garibaldi

texts: against the peasants and sided with the landlords.The signal victory was won by <mask> by conquering Palermo. He gained a lot of attention from Italians. Even the Neapolitan court was taken aback by the strength of his faith. After six weeks, he defeated Messina in the east of the island. The citadel resisted by the end of July. He crossed the Strait of Messina after conquering Sicily. On 7 September, <mask> entered the capital city of Naples by train, after his progress was met with more celebration than resistance.He had not defeated the Neapolitan army despite taking Naples. The reorganized Neapolitan army of about 25,000 men was not able to defeat the volunteer army of 24,000 at the battle of Volturno. The outcome of this battle was decided by the arrival of the Piedmontese Army. The Piedmontese were unwilling to risk war with France because they were afraid of the Pope. Rome, capital of the Papal state, was avoided by the Piedmontese because they had conquered most of the Pope's territories. The Piedmontese took over all of <mask>'s territory in the south and he retired to Caprera. He seemed willing to see Italian unity brought about under the Piedmontese crown, despite the fact that modern historians consider the handover of his gains to the Piedmontese as a political defeat.The meeting at Teano between <mask> and Victor Emmanuel II is the most important event in modern Italian history, but it is shrouded in controversy, and even the exact site where it took place is in doubt. The Count of Cavour disliked the Prime Minister of Sardinia. He disliked Cavour's pragmatism and realpolitik, but he also disliked Cavour's decision to move his home

masks: Garibaldi Garibaldi Garibaldi Garibaldi


title: Giuseppe Garibaldi

texts: city of Nice to France the previous year. He supported the Sardinian monarch, Victor Emmanuel II, who he thought had been chosen by Providence for the liberation of Italy. In his famous meeting with Victor Emmanuel at Teano on 26 October 1860, <mask> greeted him as King of Italy and shook his hand. <mask> retired to the rocky island of Caprera after riding into Naples at the king's side. He was a popular figure during the American Civil War.The 39th New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment was named after him. A major general's commission in the U.S. Army was offered to <mask> in a letter from the Secretary of State. This meeting took place a year before Lincoln was ready to issue the preliminary Emancipation Proclamation. <mask> did not join the Union army. "<mask>'s full-throated endorsement of the Union cause roused popular support just as news of the Emancipation Proclamation broke in Europe," wrote Don H. Doyle, a historian of the American Civil War. "Posterity will call you the great emancipator, a more enviable title than any crown could be, and greater than any mundane treasure," <mask> wrote to Lincoln on 6 August 1863. The International Legion was set up in October of 1861 to bring together different national divisions of French, Poles, Swiss, Germans and other nationalities in order to finish the liberation of Italy."Free from the Alps to the Adriatic" is the motto of the unification movement. Mazzini was dissatisfied with the perpetuation of the monarchial government and continued to advocate for a republic. <mask> was bristling over perceived snubs when he organized a new venture. He wanted to take on the Papal States. The expedition

masks: Garibaldi Garibaldi Garibaldi Garibaldi Garibaldi Garibaldi Garibaldi


title: Giuseppe Garibaldi

texts: against Rome <mask> was anti-Catholic. Anti-Catholic support was caused by his efforts to overthrow the Pope. The Irish Catholics fought in defense of their Church during the anti-Catholic riots in his name across Britain in 1862.The Pope's temporal domain was viewed with great distrust by Catholics around the world, and the French emperor Napoleon III had guaranteed the independence of Rome from Italy by stationing a French garrison in Rome. VictorEmmanuel was wary of the international repercussions of attacking Rome and the Pope's seat there, and discouraged his subjects from participating in revolutionary ventures with such intentions. He believed he had the support of his government. He sailed from Genoa to Palermo in June of 1862 to get volunteers for the campaign. An enthusiastic party quickly joined him, and he wanted to cross to the mainland there. He arrived with a force of two thousand, but the garrison was loyal to the king and barred his passage. They set sail from Catania, where <mask> said he would enter Rome as a victor or die beneath its walls.He made his way into the mountains after landing at Melito. The Italian government did not approve of this endeavor. The regular army was dispatched by General Cialdini against the volunteer bands. The two forces met in the Aspromonte. A few of the volunteers were killed when one of the regulars shot a chance shot. The fighting ended quickly as <mask> forbade his men to return fire. <mask>, who was wounded by a shot in the foot, was taken prisoner.The nursery rhyme "garibaldi was wounded" is the result of the episode. He was taken to a prison at Varignano near La Spezia, where he was held in


title: Giuseppe Garibaldi

texts: a sort of honorable imprisonment and underwent an operation to heal his wound. He was consoled by Europe's sympathy and continued interest after his venture failed. After he regained his health, the government let him return to Caprera. He stopped in Malta on his way to London. The authorities suppressed protests against him. He was received with enthusiasm by the population in London.He met the British prime minister and revolutionaries who were living in exile in the city. His ambitious international project included the liberation of a number of occupied nations, such as Croatia, Greece, and Hungary. He planted a tree at the Britannia Iron Works, which was cut down in 1944 due to decay. The Italian government supported the final struggle with Austria in 1866. The Third Italian War of Independence was an attempt by Italy and Prussia to take Venetia from the Austrian Empire. The Hunters of the Alps were led into the Trentino by <mask>. He defeated the Austrians at Bezzecca.After the disaster of Custoza, the Italian regular forces were defeated at Lissa on the sea. The result was largely due to Prussia's success on the northern front, as Austria ceded Venetia to Italy. <mask> was ordered to stop his advance to Trento. The famous motto: Obbedisco! was the subject of a telegram from the main square of Bezzecca. "I obey!" After the war, <mask> led a political party that wanted to capture Rome. The Papal army, supported by a French auxiliary force, proved to be a match for his badly armed volunteers.He was wounded in the Battle of Mentana and had to leave the Papal territory. After being imprisoned again by the Italian government, he returned to


title: Giuseppe Garibaldi

texts: Caprera. In the same year, <mask> asked for international support to eliminate the papacy. He proposed that the papacy should be abolished at the League of Peace and Freedom congress in 1867. When the Franco-Prussian War broke out in 1870, Italian public opinion favored the Prussians and many Italians tried to sign up as volunteers at the embassy in Florence. After the French garrison was recalled from Rome, the Italian Army captured the Papal States. Following the fall of the Second French Empire after the Battle of Sedan, <mask> switched his support to the newly declared French Third Republic.Within three days of the revolution in Paris that ended the Empire, he wrote to the Movimento of Genoa. I want you to rescue the French Republic. The Army of the Vosges, an army of volunteers, was assumed command by Garibaldi. French socialist Louis Blanc referred to Garibaldi as a soldier of revolutionary cosmopolitanism because of his support for liberation movements through the world. He was elected to the French National Assembly after the war, but only for a short time. In 1871, when the Paris Commune erupted, Garibaldi joined with younger radicals such as Cavallotti in declaring his full support for the Communards and internationalism. "Why don't we pull together in one group the Freemasonry, democratic societies, workers' clubs, Rationalists, Mutual Aid, etc., which have the same tendency towards good?" asked Garibaldi.The Congress of Unity was supported by many of the radical, free-thinking, and socialist groups throughout Italy. Despite being banned by the government, the Congress held in the Teatro Argentina endorsed a number of radical policies,


title: Giuseppe Garibaldi

texts: including abolition of the death penalty. The struggle for liberty as an international affair, one which "does not make any distinction between the African and the American, the European and the Asian, and therefore proclaims the Fraternity of all" was one of the reasons why <mask> had long claimed an interest in a vague ethical socialism such as that He thought the International Workingmen's Association was an extension of the humanitarian ideals he had always fought for. Garibaldi defended the Communards and the First International against the attacks of their enemies, even though he did not agree with their calls for the abolition of property. Shouldn't a society in which the majority want to take the larger part of the product of the former through deceptions and violence but without hard work, arouse discontent and thoughts of revenge amongst those who suffer? The International is the sun of the future according to a letter written by Garibaldi.Many fence-sitters joined the organization because of the letter, which was printed in dozens of workers' newssheets and papers. Many of <mask>'s disciples embraced libertarian socialist ideas after his death. <mask>'s socialism represented most accurately craft trade-unionism and a general focus on economic egalitarianism, as Italy still lacked an industrial proletariat. The struggle against every injustice and a love for freedom was what socialism was all about. <mask> was an active witness of that kind of generosity in feelings and a firm wish for justice. "Italian revolutionaries" are mentioned in the first volume of Carl Landauer's European Socialism. Denis Mack Smith said that the difference is


title: Giuseppe Garibaldi

texts: not large when we find what Garibaldi meant by the term.He flaunted the word socialism partly because he was happy to feel that it would shock the Mazzinians. The move to the left of <mask> and the Mazzinians was paralleled by an increase in what was called 'internationalist' or socialist activity. The rise of socialism was a genuine challenge to Mazzini and the Mazzinian emphasis on politics and culture, and the death of him early in 1872 underscored the sense that his political era was over. This time, <mask> moved to the left of Mazzini. He came out in favor of the Paris Commune and internationalism, and his stance brought him closer to the younger radicals, especially Cavallotti, and gave him a new lease on political life. An initiative to relaunch a broad party of the radical left was born from his support. Despite being elected again to the Italian parliament, <mask> spent most of his late years in Caprera.He served the Italian parliament with distinction and supported an ambitious project of land reclamation in the marshy areas of southern Lazio. The League of Democracy was founded in 1879 by <mask> along with Cavallotti, Mario, and Agostino, who all supported the abolition of ecclesiastical property, the legal and political emancipation of women, and a plan of public works to improve the Roman countryside. In a 6 October 1875 letter from Caprera, <mask> wrote: Death Ill and confined to bed by arthritis, he made trips to Calabria and Sicily. He had previously had three children with Francesca Armosino. He asked for his bed to be moved so he could see the sea. His wishes for a simple funeral and cremation were not respected when he died at


title: Giuseppe Garibaldi

texts: the age of 75. He was buried with his last wife and some of his children on the island of Caprera.In 2012 the descendants of <mask> announced that they would have his remains exhumed to confirm that the remains in the tomb are his. There would be a debate about whether to preserve the remains or cremation. The exhumation plans were put on hold due to personnel changes at the Ministry of Culture. The new authorities were not enthusiastic about the plan. The unification of Italy was made possible by <mask>'s popularity, skill at rousing the common people and his military exploits. He was an example of mid-19th century revolutionary liberalism and nationalism. After the liberation of southern Italy from the Neapolitan monarchy in the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, Garibaldi sacrificed his liberal republican principles for the sake of unification.The tale of an Italian vagabond trekking the South American plains from battle to battle with his pregnant wife in tow, and then returning home and for the love of his homeland forsaking his ambition, was a tale that stretched across Europe. He was a hero when he toured Britain in his older days. The temporal power of the Papacy was circumscribed by <mask>, who subscribed to the anti-clericalism common among Latin liberals. His religious convictions are not clear to historians. He is quoted in his autobiography as saying that he is a true Christian and that he speaks to true Christians. Christ came into the world to deliver humanity from slavery. You have a duty to educate the people to be Christians and to be Italians.Viva l'Italia! Viva Christianity! The army had a Protestant minister. In Britain, <mask> was

masks:
Garibaldi
Legacy Garibaldi
Garibaldi
Garibaldi


title: Giuseppe Garibaldi

texts: a popular hero. Tim Parks quotes the English historian A. J. P. Taylor as saying that "<mask> is the only wholly admirable figure in modern history." David Cannadine wrote that <mask> supported the creation of a European federation. The unification of Germany in 1871 was expected to make Germany a European and world leader.In the letter <mask> sent to Karl Blind on April 10, 1865, he was showered with admiration and praises by many intellectuals and political figures. <mask> must win by force because he is not a man, he is a symbol, and he is the Italian soul. Everyone hears the beats of his own. He was called the most generous of the pirates by the admiral. The only hero the world has ever needed is <mask>. The aircraft carrier <mask> and a World War II cruiser have been named after him. Statues of his likeness, as well as the handshake of Teano, can be found in many Italian squares, and in other countries around the world.There is a statue on the top of the Janiculum hill in Rome. After the Lateran Treaty in 1929, the orientation of the statue was changed at the Vatican's request. Many theatres in Sicily are named after him. During the January Uprising and World War I, several military units were named after Garibaldi. The 39th New York Volunteer Infantry of the American Civil War was named after him. The Italian Society of Washington gave a bust of <mask>di to the old Supreme Court Chamber in the U.S. Capitol Building. In 1865, the home colors of the English football team were chosen from the uniform worn by the men in 1865.The school was named after him. The winner of the annual Six Nations Championship match between France and Italy is

masks:
Garibaldi
Garibaldi
Garibaldi
Garibaldi
Giuseppe Garibaldi
Giuseppe Garibaldi
Giuseppe Garibal


title: Giuseppe Garibaldi

texts: awarded the <mask>di Trophy. A style of beard was named after him. A cocktail made of orange juice and Campari is called Garibaldi. The Brazilian soccer club was named after him. The bright red-orange fish in the damselfish family was named <mask> in memory of the red shirts. A number of places worldwide are named after him, including an abandoned settlement in British Columbia, Canada.He is in two novels, Heart by De Amicis and Fire on the Mountain by Bisson. In films, <mask> is played by Osvaldo Valenti in the 1940 film Antonio Meucci, Ugo Sasso in the 1950 film Cavalcade of Heroes, Raf Vallone in the 1952 film Red Shirts, and Renzo Ricci in the 1961. He was played by Thiago Lacerda in the 2003 Brazilian serial A Casa das Sete Mulheres. On February 18, 1960, the American television series Dick Powell's Zane Grey Theatre aired the episode "Guns for Garibaldi" to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the unification of Italy. The program emphasized the role of Italians in pre-Civil War America. Indian Creek is a gold mining town. Fernando Lamas plays Giulio Mandati, who takes over his brother's gold claim.The people of Indian Creek wanted to use the gold to build a dam, but Mandati wants to lend support to General <mask> and Italian reunification. As he launched his Redshirts in July 1860 to invade Sicily and conquer the Kingdom of Naples for annexation to what would become the newly born Kingdom of Italy, <mask> asked for financing and volunteers from around the world. The final boss in the video game "Knights of the Round" is named "<mask>". My Life is a non-fiction book by Stephen Parkin. Hesperus Press is located in London. 2004. There is also

masks:
Giuseppe Garibal
Garibaldi
Garibaldi
Garibaldi
Garibaldi
Garibaldi


title: Giuseppe Garibaldi

texts: Italian irredentism and Italian unification.History Today published "'Great Expectations': Cavour and Garibaldi: 1859-1959." Gay, H. Nelson wrote "Lincoln's Offer of a Command to Garibaldi: Light on a Disputed Point of History." The Clash of Arms and Personalities in the Making of Italy is a standard biography. pp. 332–408. Mack Smith's ed. Mack Smith, Denis, is a primary and secondary source."<mask>di: 18th century". The History Today was published in March of 1956. 186–196. Mack Smith and Denis. "Lincoln's Offer of a Command to Garibaldi: Further Light on a Disputed Point of History" was written by Howard R. Marraro. The Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society was published in 1943. The Hero's Way: Walking With <mask> From Rome to Ravenna was written by Parks and his partner.The Italian Risorgimento: State, Society, and National Unification is available online. The Invention of a Hero was written by <mask>. Lucy Riall. "Hero, saint, or revolutionary?" Politics of the 19th century. Modern Italy 3.02 was published in 1998. Lucy Riall.<mask>'s global fame includes travel, migration, exile. Modern Italy 19.1 is a book. There is a person named Jasper. There are links to births and deaths of 19th-century Italian novelists and 19th-century Italian male

masks:
Giuseppe Garibal
Garibaldi
Garibaldi
Garibaldi