title: José de Iturrigaray

texts: inaugurated the bronze equestrian statue of Charles IV in the Zcalo in Mexico City.The statue was cast on August 4, 1802, after the first stone was laid on July 18, 1796. <mask> Humboldt arrived in Acapulco in the ship Pizarro on March 22, 1803. During his time in New Spain, he spent time in Mexico City and in the mining area of Guanajuato. The Political Essay on the Kingdom of New Spain was published by Iturrigaray after the crown granted unlimited access to travel and investigate New Spain. The population of New Spain is estimated to be 6 million. The expedition for the propagation of the vaccine arrived in March of 1804. The viceroy's reception was not as enthusiastic as the leaders had expected.The son of the viceroy was given a vaccine by Dr. Juan Arboleya. Spain declared war against Britain in March 1805. Iturrigaray received orders to put the colony in a state of defense and to increase payments to Spain. He applied the Cédula de la Caja de Consolidacin. The transfer of income from the religious estates and foundations to the government was equivalent to disentailment of the church. The Spanish opponents of the viceroyalty were strengthened by this order. Bishop Abad was among them.The increase in taxes caused popular discontent. The viceroy's favor to the Criollos caused the discontent of the Peninsulares (Spaniards born in Spain). There was a spirit of independence inspired by the news of Aranjuez and the political defeat of Godoy. The necessity of relying on the Criollo party was seen by Iturrigaray. Napoleon sold Louisiana to the US for 80 million Swiss Francs. The Marqués de Casa Calvo was asked to remove the Spanish troops from New Orleans so that the United States


title: José de Iturrigaray

type: paraphrased

texts: could take control of the area. Napoleon's French invaded Spain in the 18th century.The royal family fled to New Spain as the French forces approached Madrid. The idea was poorly received by the Spanish people. A riot broke out at Aranjuez. The hated Godoy was captured by the crowd, humiliated, stripped of his honors, and almost killed. Charles was forced to abdicate in favor of his son because of the mob. Ferdinand had Godoy arrested. Godoy, Ferdinand and Charles were taken prisoner by Napoleon after they were lured across the French border.Ferdinand and Charles were forced to abdicate by Napoleon. Joseph Bonaparte was the king of Spain. The people of Madrid revolted against the French on May 2, 1808. This was the beginning of a country-wide revolt. The juntas claimed to be in the name of Ferdinand VII. The consequences in New Spain Iturrigaray had been appointed viceroy with orders to put down any rebellion, but the situation in Spain with the Napoleonic invasion bewildered him. The news of the abdication of the Spanish king in favor of Napoleon was received in Mexico on July 14th and in Mexico on June 23rd.The Cabildo of Mexico City was made up of professional men. On July 19, 1808, councilmen Juan Francisco Azcrate y Ledesma and Francisco Primo <mask> y Ramos presented a plan to form a government. The reason for this was that the mother country was being occupied by foreign troops and the royal family was being held prisoner. The plan was accepted by the viceroy and the Cabildo, but not by the audiencia. Diego Leo of the Ayuntamiento of Jalapa called for a congress of representatives from throughout New Spain. The party continued to demand the formation of a junta and the


title: José de Iturrigaray

texts: convening of a congress. New Spain was a colony and not allowed to take this kind of decision.At a meeting of Notables, the lawyer Primo Verdad y Ramos spoke in favor of popular sovereignty. The proposal was declared seditious by some of the judges. It was declared heresy by the Inquisitor. New Spain would not recognize authority above the king of Spain. The crisis took a sharper turn with the arrival of Juan Gabriel Jabat, representative of the Junta of Seville, and a message from the Junta of Asturias. Evidence of the lack of a legitimate government in the country was provided by both juntas requesting recognition as the legitimate government of Spain by New Spain. The intellectual leader of the Criollo party delivered two tracts to the Cabildo in favor of separation from Spain and of a Mexican congress.All ties to Spain had been broken, regional laws had to be made independently of the mother country, and sovereignty had been vested in the people. It looked like fighting would break out between the Peninsular partisans of the Audiencia and the Cabildo. There was a meeting on September 9. The viceroy Iturrigaray was held in great suspicion by the Spanish party after being deposed. He received petitions for a congress and disrecognition of the Spanish junta. He ordered 40,000 pesos to be sent to the Consulado of Veracruz. He had made nominations for high positions in the administration.The dragoons from Aguascalientes were stationed in Jalapa. Colonel Obregn was an intimate friend of the viceroy. The pro-Spanish party arrested <mask> on September 15, 1808, when he was about to resign. The rich Spanish merchants, the oidores and Bataller, the archbishop, and the judges of the


title: José de Iturrigaray

texts: Inquisition supported Yermo. The viceregal palace was attacked by 500 well-armed conspirators at 2 in the morning. A soldier was killed. The Cabildo's members were also arrested.The populace was made to believe that <mask> had been deposed for heresy after he was taken prisoner. The family were taken to the convent. The vicereine's jewelry was stolen. The viceroy was deposed. An inventory of the viceroy's valuables was ordered, and the total came to more than one million pesos. This was seen as proof that the viceroy had taken advantage of the situation. In accordance with custom, the office of viceroy was filled with the oldest and highest-ranking military officer in the colony, Marshall <mask> Garibay.The men died in jail. Also imprisoned were Lic. Juan Francisco Azcrate was a French general. <mask> was sent to Spain as a prisoner. He was tried in Cdiz for disloyalty. The charges were not proven and he was freed. After the amnesty, a juicio de residencia continued until the death of Iturrigaray, who was assessed a fine of 435,000 pesetas.According to most historians, he was implicated in a private scheme by James Wilkinson to head off an invasion of Mexico. Further reading Diccionario porra de Historia, biografa ygeografa de México, 6th ed., v. 2, pp. The year 1856–58 Mexico City: Editorial Porra, S.A. Mexico City in 1987. Garca Puron, Manuel, México, and the gobernantes. Joaqun Porrua was in Mexico City.Fernando and Orozco are from Fechas Histricas de México. The editorial was published in Mexico City. Fernando and Orozco Linares are from Gobernantes de México. The editorial was published in Mexico City. There are external links to Viceroys of New Spain and the French

masks:
Iturrigaray
Pedro de
Iturrigaray


title: John Hare (conservationist)

texts: <mask> was a British explorer and author who was known for campaigning for the preservation of the Wild Bactrian camel. <mask> was born in Bexhill, Kent on December 11, 1934. When he was in the north of colonial Nigeria, he was assigned to the Royal West African Frontier Force and later the Colonial Service. <mask> was offered by a Russian exploration team in 1993 to research the status of the wild Bactrian camel. It only survives in the desert. He presented his findings in Ulan-Bator in 1994. He was the first foreigner in 45 years to get permission to enter the country.The natural habitat of the Bactrian camel was also a former nuclear testing site. The Bactrian camels are able to tolerate salt water with a higher salt content than sea water. In 1995, 1996, 1997 and 1999 he went on expeditions. He was the first foreigner to cross the Gashun Gobi Desert. The Wild Camel Protection Foundation was founded in 1997. The Chinese government agreed to establish a nature reserve in the former nuclear test site after the foundation proposed it. The Chinese established one of the largest nature reserves in the world, protecting not only the wild Bactrian camel but many other species listed in the Red Book.<mask> was the only international consultant. <mask> crossed the Sahara Desert from Lake Chad to Tripoli in 3.5 months to raise awareness for the wild camel. This route has not been followed by a foreigner for 100 years. The journey was undertaken to raise funds and awareness of the plight of the wild camel. The first complete circling by a camel of Lake Turkana was made in 2006 by <mask>. The camels were swimming across the river in Ethiopia. In 2005 and 2006 he went on two more expeditions on domestic Bactrian camels.The Hunter Hall Captive Wild Camel Breeding Centre in Zakhyn Us was established in 2004, housing twelve wild camels that had been rescued from being captured. The only place in the world where the wild camel is held in captivity is here. The population increased from twenty-five in 2010 to twenty-five in 2011. The Veterinary University of Vienna published a paper after 5 years of genetic tests on samples from these

masks:
John Hare
Hare
John Hare
John Hare
Hare
John Hare


title: John Hare (conservationist)

texts: camels, stating that they were of a previously unknown species of camel which separated from the Bactrian camel over 700,000 years ago. The International Union for the Preservation of Nature listed the wild camel as critically threatened. Two wild camels were relocated from the Mongolian Wild camel Breeding Centre into the Gobi Desert. <mask> wrote a number of books about his travels in the Gobi and the Sahara.He died at the age of 87. <mask> used the name Dan Fulani to identify as a Nigerian fiction writer. Some of the books he published since 1981 try to highlight development issues through popular fiction. His first published works told the adventures of a young northern Nigerian boy called Sauna and the Sauna stories spread throughout Africa and were in high demand as readers in Southern and East African schools. He wrote about a pesticide banned in the US being dumped on Africa in 'The Price of Liberty'. There was a campaign against milk powder and drugs. His books have been published by many of the UK's leading publishers.A northern Nigeria television series featured the Sauna series. The State Environment Protection Agency of China gave an Environmental Award for their contribution to saving the camel from extinction. The Royal Geographical Society gave the Ness Award in 2004. In the same year. The Lawrence of Arabia Memorial Medal was awarded to him by the Royal Society of Asian Affairs. The Mungo Park medal was awarded by the Royal Scottish Geographical Society. Appointed the sole international consultant to the nature reserve.The Explorers Club of America awarded him theLowell Thomas Award for his dedication to protecting the critically-endangered wild camel. The Environmental Protection Medal was given to outstanding contributions to wild camel protection from the Ministry of Nature and the Environment. He was awarded the highest award given to foreigners. In the Queen's Birthday Honours List, I was honoured for my services to the preservation of the wild camel. The Royal West African Frontier Force officers and the Royal Geographical Society officers of the Order of the British Empire are listed on the

masks:
John Hare
John Hare


title: Jimmie E. Howard

texts: When he was a staff sergeant in the Marine Corps, he led an eighteen-man patrol in a battle against a battalion of the Viet Cong in June 1966. In Vietnam, <mask> became the sixth U.S. Marine to be awarded the nation's highest honor for bravery. In White House ceremonies on August 21, 1967, President Lyndon B. Johnson presented the Medal of Honor. <mask> was born July 27, 1929, in Burlington, Iowa, and graduated from high school in 1949. He enlisted in the United States Marine Corps on July 12, 1950 after one year at the University of Iowa. After graduating from recruit training in January 1951, he was promoted to Private First Class and remained at the Recruit Depot as a drill instructor until December 1951. <mask> was remembered in Ray Hildreth's book as a John Wayne type of guy.A man with a poker face walked into an area and you could almost hear the theme song from Iwo Jima. After completing advanced infantry training in February 1952, he was ordered to Korea, where he was assigned duty as a forward observer with the 4.2" Mortar Company, 1st Marines, 1st Marine Division. He was awarded the Silver Star, the Purple Heart with Gold Star, and the Navy Unit Commendation for his service in Korea. He was promoted tocorporator in March of 1952. When he returned to the United States in April 1953, he was Tactics Instructor, Headquarters and Service Company, 2nd Infantry Training Regiment. He was promoted to sergeant in June of 1953. Sergeant <mask> was a squad leader on the.He was a squad leader in the 1st Amphibious Reconnaissance Company. Sgt

masks:
Howard
Jimmie Earl Howard
Howard
Howard


title: Jimmie E. Howard

texts: <mask> was with the 1st Amphibious Reconnaissance Company until September 1957. He was promoted to staff sergeant. He served as Special Services Chief and a military policeman with the 1st Marine Division from 1957 to 1960. Staff Sergeant <mask> was assigned to the 3rd Marine Division. He was a platoon guide and platoon sergeant with Company H, 2nd Battalion, 9th Marines. In August 1961, he joined the Guard Company, Headquarters and Service Battalion and served as a guard noncommissioned officer, company first sergeant and administrative man.He was the Depot Special Service Assistant, Headquarters Company, Headquarters and Service Battalion until October 1964. He was assigned to the 1st Marine Division after returning to Camp Pendleton. In January 1965, he became an instructor, Counterguerrilla warfare course, Division Schools Center, Subunit #1, with the headquarters battalion. <mask> was a platoon leader with Company C, 1st Reconnaissance Battalion, 1st Marine Division. On the evening of June 13, 1966, <mask> and his platoon of 15 Marines along with two Navy corpsmen were dropped behind enemy lines. This unit was tasked with observing enemy troop movements in the valley and calling in air and artillery strikes. On the night of June 15, 1966, a full battalion of Viet Cong (over 300 men) engaged the squad of 18.<mask> gave his men bullets and 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780

masks: Howard Howard Howard Howard Howard


title: Jimmie E. Howard

texts: 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 His platoon held their position by dawn. The loss of six American lives was offset by the deaths of 200 enemy troops. <mask> received a gold star in lieu of a third Purple Heart for wounds he received on June 16, 1966. Four Navy Crosses and thirteen Silver Stars were awarded to members of <mask>'s platoon. He returned to the United States after the Vietnam War and was assigned to the Marine Corps Recruit Depot in San Diego, California. On March 31, 1977, <mask> retired from the Marine Corps with the rank of first sergeant.<mask> worked for the local Veterans Affairs office in San Diego after he retired. <mask> became involved in volunteering. He was a coach for the Point Loma High School football team which won the San Diego Section CIF championship in 1987. He was a coach for the Point Loma High School football team which won the title again in 1991. When asked why he liked coaching, he said the men he lost in combat reminded him of the high school football players. On November 12, 1993, <mask><mask> passed away at his home in San Diego, California. He was buried

masks:
Howard
Howard
Howard
Howard
Howard
Jimmie E
. Howard


title: Jimmie E. Howard

texts: in San Diego.His medals and decorations include the Medal of Honor, the Silver Star Medal, the Purple Heart with two Gold Stars in lieu of second and third awards, the Navy Unit Commendation, the Good Conduct Medal with three bronze stars, and the National Defense Service Medal with one bronze star. The President of the United States in the name of The Congress takes pleasure in presenting the MEDAL OF HONOR to for service as set forth in the following citation: For conspicuous bravery and intrepidity at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty as a Plato. The platoon of eighteen men was attacked by a numerically superior force consisting of heavy small arms fire, automatic weapons and accurate weapon fire. He immediately put his platoon in charge of the defense of Hill 488. He exposed himself to enemy fire while directing the operation of his small force because he was oblivious to the constant fury of enemy weapons fire and hand grenades. Despite his mounting casualties, Gunnery Sergeant <mask> continued to set an example of calmness and courage. After moving from position to position, he inspired his men with dynamic leadership and courage until he was wounded by an enemy hand grenade.Unable to move his legs and realizing that the position was becoming unsustainable, he distributed his weapons to the remaining members of his platoon and directed friendly aircraft and strikes at the enemy. The force was diminished by five killed and one wounded. In order to make the landing zone secure, Gunnery Sergeant <mask> directed

masks: Howard Howard


title: Jimmie E. Howard

texts: the rescue helicopters away from his badly mauled force and called for additional air strikes on the enemy. The men of his platoon were inspired by his leadership and fighting spirit, which reflected the highest credit upon the Marine Corps and the United States Naval Service. The President of the United States of America took pleasure in presenting the Silver Star to the United States Marine Corpsman, who was attached to the 4.2. During the defense of an important hill position, Corporal <mask> called in and directed effective fire for friendly and mortar positions, which strengthened the position. Although occupied with the duties of forward observer, he participated in deadly hand to hand combat with the enemy to maintain his forward observation post and, although subsequently relieved for rest, sided in evacuating the wounded and in carrying vital supplies to his colleagues.After being felled by another mortar shell, he was evacuated due to the severity of his condition, but he recovered enough to continue to perform his duties. The highest traditions of the United States Naval Service were upheld by the outstanding courage, initiative and unyielding devotion to duty of Corporal <mask>. Theresa M<mask> christened the guide missile destroyer in honor of her husband, 1st Sgt. <mask>. Hildreth, Ray and Charles W. Sasser are listed in the List of Medal of Honor recipients for the Vietnam War. New York: Pocket Books. United States Marine Corps personnel of the Korean War and Vietnam War recipients of the Medal of Honor are buried at Fort

masks:
Howard
Howard
. Howard
Howard


title: Sam Clovis

texts: He is a former United States Air Force officer, talk radio host, and political figure. The man is retired in Iowa. The Iowa state treasurer's seat was up for grabs in the elections. He was a co-chair of Donald Trump's campaign. A senior White House adviser to the USDA was appointed by Trump. The Under Secretary of Agriculture for Research, Education, and Economics was nominated by Trump. Following news of his involvement in the Special Counsel investigation, <mask> withdrew from consideration for the appointment.He resigned from the USDA. <mask> was born in Kansas and grew up in Kansas. He was accepted to both the Air Force Academy and the U.S. Military Academy. He attended the Air Force Academy in Colorado Springs, where he received a bachelor's degree in political science. In 1984 he attended the national security program at Georgetown University and received an MBA from Golden Gate University. He received a doctorate in public administration. In 2006 I received a degree from the University of Alabama.His thesis was about federalism and homeland security preparation. Career Clovis was in the Air Force for 25 years. He served in The Pentagon, the Middle East and as commander of the 70th Fighter Squadron. He rose to the rank of colonel and retired as the Inspector General of the North American Aerospace Defense Command and the United States Space Command. After retiring from the Air Force, he worked for two companies. He worked at William Penn University in Oskaloosa until 2003 when he moved to Iowa. He worked for both the Homeland Security Institute and the Homeland Security Studies and Analysis Institute.He began teaching business, management and public policy at the college in 2005. In January 2010, <mask> started hosting his own radio talk show. He was a delegate to the state convention of the Republican Party in 2010. He supported Rick Santorum, who won the Iowa caucuses. He was an alternate delegate to the 2012 Republican National Convention. He took a sabbatical from his professorship at the college to pursue a political career. He finished second in the Republican primary for the

masks:
Clovis
Clovis
Sam Clovis


title: Sam Clovis

texts: Senate in Iowa with 19 percent of the vote.The Republican candidate for the Iowa state treasurer was selected at the Iowa GOP state convention in June. Matthew Whitaker was an unsuccessful Republican Senate primary candidate. In November, Fitzgerald defeated Clovis by a score of 53% to 44%. The Washington Post reported on June 4, 2015, that RickPerry, shortly after launching his presidential campaign, hired <mask> to chair his campaign in Iowa. The Washington Post reported on August 24, 2015, that Clovis resigned from the campaign due to the campaign's failure to pay his salary. On August 25th, Donald Trump received an endorsement from Clovis at a rally in Iowa. He joined the campaign as a policy advisor.During this time, he went on leave from the college. A frequent spokesman on cable news, <mask> became national cochairman of Trump's campaign team. The senior White House adviser to the USDA was appointed by Trump after he took office. The Under Secretary of Agriculture for Research, Education, and Economics was nominated by Trump. This post is traditionally filled by a scientist, so the nomination attracted attention. Nominees for the position must be scientists with specialized training or significant experience in agricultural research, education, and economics. George Papadopoulos pleaded guilty to lying to federal agents about his contacts with the Russia government.Papadopoulos was charged as part of the investigation into Russian interference in the U.S. election. According to court records, Papadopoulos had been recruited to join Trump's foreign policy advisor team in early March 2016 by a "campaign supervisor". In a meeting with Papadopoulos on March 6, a principal foreign policy focus of the campaign was an improved U.S. relationship with Russia. Papadopoulos tried to arrange meetings between Russian officials and Trump or his campaign representatives over the next few months. Papadopoulos was encouraged by a campaign supervisor to travel to Russia and meet Russian officials. The special prosecutor's office and the federal grand jury are looking into the matter. He withdrew

masks: Clovis Clovis


title: Adam Gnade

texts: <mask> is an American musician and author who lives on a farm in Kansas. He defines his music as "talking-songs", which he describes as mixing the spoken vocals of talking blues songs with country music, Appalachian folk, noise, and drone music influences. His work is issued as a series of records and books, which continue the stories of each other's characters and further develop plot-lines. Many of his stories take place to the south of San Diego in the city of Tijuana, Mexico, but he writes mostly about San Diego, a bordertown city in Southern California. According to interviews, these stories always reflect the Californian's experience on the road, even if they take places across the continental US. While living in San Diego, California, <mask> was an editor of the alt-weekly Fahrenheit San Diego. After leaving San Diego in 2005, he lived in Portland, Oregon, where he was the music editor for The Portland Mercury.Run Hide Retreat Surrender, his first official full-length record after a series of self-released CDs and cassettes, was issued by Loud + Clear Records in late 2005. He signed a UK label deal with Drowned in Sound after issuing a set of limited run experimental albums that expanded on his "talking songs" idea. Shout the Rafters Down! was released by Drowned in Sound. He toured Europe in support of the record with Oxford, Youthmovies and Blood Red Shoes. A side project band featuring Dave Allen, the bass guitar player of the 1970s British post-punk band Gang of Four, John Askew, and Danny Sei was formed in mid-2006. "Your Friends Will Carry You Home" was released on a 7" of the same name by Polyvinyl Record Co. The 7" has members of Portland, Oregon's Modest Mouse and 31 Knots.As of 2007, the US, European, Mexican, Canadian, and United Kingdom had radio singles. There was a two-month US tour, a five-week

masks:
Adam Gnade
Gnade


title: Adam Gnade

texts: Yourself Guide to Fighting the Big Motherf**kin' Sad, and a month-long book tour. In early 2015, Powell's Books small press section buyer Kevin Sampsell announced that Gnade's Do It Yourself Guide to Fighting the Big Motherf**kin' Sad was the store's small press bestseller for the year. My Brain Was A Shark Eating Itself volumes 1 to 6 will be released in the winter and spring of 2015, as well as an e-book edition. There is one spot. The sixth printing of the book happened in January. Locust House was published by Three One G and Pioneers Press. According to Powell's Books, Gnade's Do-It-Yourself Guide to Fighting the Big Motherf**kin' Sad book was the top small book of the year.His next book, This is the End of Something But It's Not the End of You, will be released on February 14, 2020 by Three One G.Float Me Away, Floodwaters. After Tonight, Everything Will Be Different is the next book by Gnade. The release date is January 5, 2022. In interviews and on his website, Influences Gnade says that his music is influenced by Neutral Milk Hotel, noise recordings, field recordings, and old country music. He has said that his writing is influenced by a number of people. Tour gnade plays solo or with a band. Youthmovies, Jonquil, Blood Red Shoes, Eugene McGuinness, Blanket, and House of Brothers are recent tour-mates.He has performed with Calvin Johnson, Starf*****, Fuck Buttons, and Sonic Youth. You Black Emperor, Television, Tortoise, Mm, Les Savy Fav, Pharmakon, Ghost Mice, Ramshackle Glory, Har Mar Superstar, Wolf Eyes, Dinosaur Jr., Scout Niblett, Castanets, Levon Helm, Dark Hills, Damon Moon The three-way split with Ohioan and COASTS was part of the Punch Drunk Press. Drowned in Sound's "Singles Club" and Cassettes Island's Islands are limited edition cassettes. side b Upon Awakening by COASTS and side b <mask> and


title: Judith Davidoff

texts: <mask> was an American viol player, cellist, and performer on the medieval bowed instruments. She was considered a master of the viola da gamba and other stringed instruments. Her recorded performances show her wide range of styles and works. She is in charge of the catalog of 20th- and 21st-century viol music. <mask> made her public debut at the age of 12. She graduated from the Longy School of Music with a degree in cello. She studied folk music in Turkey and Taiwan.She studied the viol with Alison Fowle. The <mask> ensemble performed viols, early strings, baryton, and the baroque, classical and modern cello. She moved from Boston to New York City because she was invited to join the New York Pro Musica ensemble, which she joined as a viol and early strings player. In 1972, she created a viol consort, which became an independent ensemble, under the name of New York Consort of viols, and performed for more than four decades. Under the artistic direction of <mask>, that ensemble presented concerts both in the United States and abroad, as well as offering workshops and outreach activities. New works for viols and recordings were commissioned by the Consort in order to give audiences a better idea of the viol's sound. The ensemble for Early Music and Music For A While collaborated with other early music groups.She performed with the Boston Camerata, Waverly Consort, Music for a While, and the Cambridge Consort. She was a founding member of

masks:
Judith Davidoff
Judith Davidoff
Davidoff
Davidoff


title: Judith Davidoff

texts: the Helikon String Quartet and a member of the Arioso Trio. Columbia Records has recordings of music from Marlboro. Daniel Pinkham, <mask>, Robert Brink. Music Guild Records was founded in 1962. Buxtehude, Sonatas, op. For violin, viola da gamba and harpsichord.Robert Brink, <mask>, Daniel Pinkham. Music Guild Records was founded in 1965, J.S. There are six violin and harpsichord compositions by the composer. James Weaver and <mask> are related to Sonya Monosoff. The second book of Marin Marais Pices De Viole was published in 1970 by Cambridge Records. The Musical Heritage Society was founded in 1974. Dancers of three centuries, LaNoue Davenport, <mask>, and Susan Evans.Eighteenth Century Recorder Music, LaNoue Davenport, Mark Davenport, <mask>, Edward Smith. The Musical Heritage Society was founded in 1975. Marin Marais, Pices De Viole From Book Five was published in 1725. The Musical Heritage Society has a record. 1976. The first book of Pices De Viole was written by Marin Marais. The King's Musicke, Decca Gold Label, The Play of Herod, and The Renaissance Band are all on the Decca Gold Label.Sonya Monosoff, <mask>, Peter Wof. Sonya Monosoff, James Weaver, and <mask> were all involved in the recording. The Musical Heritage Society. Shakespeare's The Sweet Power of Musicke was written by the New York Consort of viols and Edward Smith. Musical Heritage Society Inc.,                                                     The New York

masks:
Judith Davidoff
Judith Davidoff
Judith Davidoff
Judith Davidoff
Judith Davidoff
Judith Davidoff
Judith Davidoff


title: Judith Davidoff

texts: Consort of VIols: Viola Da Gamba Society of America Project Recording Volume II is a classic masters. 1999 Bridge Records with Paul O'Dette and Philip West, Music from Shakespeare's Time, The New York Consort of viols, and Grant Herreid.The New York group of viols. The music of Ellen Taafe Zwillich is copyrighted by the anthology of recorded Music, Inc. The road from Valencia to New York. The New York Consort of viols has a piece called The Silent Waterfall. The Vienna Modern Masters were held on 1st Nov 2011. She lived in Boston and taught at the Longy School of Music. She was a member of the music faculties at Sarah Lawrence College, Bronxville, NY and Columbia Teachers College, New York, NY.She taught at the Queens College School of Education, Queens, NY, and at the Soochow University, Taipei, R.O.C. She was a faculty member of a number of workshops throughout North America, organized by the American Recorder Society and the Viola da Gamba Society of America. She taught in Australia, Brazil, Israel, Sweden, Taiwan and Turkey. A number of professional viol players studied with <mask>. <mask> wrote two articles for the Journal of the Viola da Gamba Society of America. The New York Pro Musica and the Soviet Union: Personal Observations of a Viol Player was published in 1993. 2, 1965, p.The Waning and Waxing of the Viol: A Historical Survey and Twentieth-century Catalogue is available online at the site of the Viola da Gamba Society of

masks:
Judith Davidoff
Davidoff


title: Rakhimzhan Qoshqarbaev

texts: The first soldier to raise the Soviet flag was <mask>v. The flag was raised on the roof after nightfall. Because they had raised the flag in the night when it was too dark to take a photo, they were not part of the famous photo of Soviet soldiers raising the flag. After the raising of the flag on 30 April, it was shot down by German snipers before the Wehrmacht regained control of the building. The Soviets took control of the building again on 2 May and brought photographer Yevgeny Khaldei with them to capture a reenactment of the historic moment. <mask> was born in the village of Akmolinsk within the Kirghiz ASSR on October 19, 1924. He was sent to an orphanage at the age of 13 after his father was declared an "enemy of the people" during the Great Purge in 1937.He joined the Red Army after working in a factory for seven years. After the German invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941, Qoshqarbaev tried to join the Red Army but was rejected because he was only sixteen years old. He was sent for training in the city of Kokshetau in 1943 after applying again just before his 18th birthday. After graduating from the Tambov All-Commander Infantry School, he was sent to the Eastern Front as a junior lieutenant. Qoshqarbaev distinguished himself while leading a platoon on an assault on enemy defenses, located on the Western bank of the Oder River, one day after breaking through the enemy bridgehead, he led his unit towards a river channel to establish a new bridgehead. After Soviet forces opened fire on approaching enemy forces Qoshqarbaev entered the water, led his unit in the perilous crossing, and proceeded to storm a German trench after reaching the western bank of the canal. Over 40 German soldiers were killed after the platoon seized three machine guns in hand-to-hand combat and opened fire on the remaining German soldiers in the trench.They established a firing point after taking over the trench. After Qoshqarbaev's success in the Oder offensive,

masks:
Rakhimzhan Qoshqarbae
Qoshqarbaev


title: Rakhimzhan Qoshqarbaev

texts: his platoon became the first to cross the Spree river. When Oder raised the flag over the Reichstag in Berlin, his platoon killed over 200 German soldiers, took 27 high- caliber machine-guns, and obtained many other weapons that were once in the hands of enemy soldiers. Qoshqarbaev was a Lieutenant and the commander of a platoon in the 150th Infantry Division when the war ended. The flag of the Soviet Union was placed atop the staircase in front of the main entrance to the building after Qoshqarbaev sneaked into the building with Grigory Bulatov. The meeting where the flag was given to the group of soldiers was held in Himmler's house. The soldiers jumped out of a window and ran across the roof after coming under heavy fire when they placed the flag atop the building.<mask> and Bulatov wrote their names on the flag as they waited for the chance to hoist the flag. The flag was raised over the Reichstag after the fire died down and under the cover of darkness. The flag was shot down by the Germans. All participants in the event were nominated for the title Hero of the Soviet Union, but were instead awarded the Order of the Red Banner; none of them were present during the re-creation of the event in the photo Raising a Flag over the Reichstag taken on 2 May by Yev Qoshqarbaev was the director of theAlma-Ata Hotel for almost 20 years after working for the Ministry of Public Utilities. Baurzhan Momyshuly, a hero of the war, was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union despite petitions from high-profile veterans of the war. Qoshqarbaev, a hero of the war, was never awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union The release of the Republic of Kazakhstan President's Archives in 1994 proved that his father had been declared an enemy of the people.<mask> died in August 1988. He was posthumously declared a Hero of Kazakhstan on 7 May 1999, ten years after his death. The Order of the Red Banner was given to Soviet military personnel of World War

masks: Qoshqarbaev Qoshqarbaev


title: Li Ju (Jin dynasty)

texts: <mask> was a Chinese military general and leader of the Jin dynasty. During the Han Zhao conquest of northern China, he took in fleeing refugees and held semi-autonomous control over his territory. After the fall of the ancient capital in 311, <mask> was able to occupy it for a short time. As the barbarians continued to eliminate Jin's northern vassals, his position was being challenged and he had little support from the court in Jiankang. He died in a horse riding accident after abandoning his base and retreating to Jiankang. <mask> was a native of Pingyang Commandery, which is west of Linfen. He was said to have displayed adult-like leadership when he was a child.He was appointed as a General of the Serrated Gates after he became a local official. The title of Marquis of Dongming Village was earned by <mask> during the campaign against Qi Wannian. He was made the commandery's new protectors. An attempt was made on <mask>'s life. Song Zhou wanted to replace <mask> with his kinsman. <mask> pretended to be sick so that he would be able to replace him. <mask> may one day return to his office after he received the position.With the help of a friend, <mask> was able to escape with his life. After the War of the Eight Princes, a Xiongnu noble named <mask> established his state of Han Zhao. Pingyang was one of the targets that <mask> began his conquest of northern China. Many of Pingyang's inhabitants fled and others went to <mask>. Due to his popularity, refugees from other parts of the north came to <mask>. <mask> moved his base to the other side of the country. The Prince of Donghai, Sima Yue, noticed him and made him an inspector.Sima Yue ordered

masks:
Li Ju
Li
Li Ju
Li
Li
Li
Li
Li
Li
Liu Yuan
Liu
Li Ju
Li Ju
Li


title: Li Ju (Jin dynasty)

texts: <mask> to fix the Qianjin Dam in order to improve supply routes. Han Zhao captured conflicts with bandits in 311. The Grand Commandant and Guard General fled to Chenggao. The two areas were badly hit by famine and bandit leaders took to cannibalism and killed anyone they could find to eat them. The bandits were crushed by <mask>. <mask> provided Xun Fan and his group with camps and houses as well as providing them with grains. <mask> was elected the Administrator after Xun Fan set up a government.Xun Fan was the site of a visit by another wuzhu named <mask>. <mask> was invited to come but his subordinates warned him not to travel at night and not to trust <mask>. There should be no doubt, he told them. During the visit, Xun, <mask> and Wei formed a friendship and <mask> left the meeting unharmed. The Han general Shi Le invaded the town. The old and weak were led to hide in the hils and let the cattle and horses run free. When Shi Le's men arrived, they found no one to attack and instead captured the animals.The soldiers became disorganized as they tried to capture as many animals as possible. <mask>'s troops came out from the hills to ambush the enemies after he let out a cry. Shi Le was forced into a retreat. Xun Fan petitioned the Prince of Lanya to make <mask> a champion general after his victory. A large group of bandits from Chang'an invaded <mask>'s territory. <mask> and his generals were able to turn them away. <mask> freed the bandits because they had thousands of women under their captivity.The generals told him that the women were not part of <mask>'s care and should be kept for themselves. "They are wives of those who serve the

masks:
Li Ju
Li Ju
Li
Li Ju
Wei Jun
Li
Wei Jun
Li
Li
Li
Li
Li Ju
Li
Li
Li


title: Li Ju (Jin dynasty)

texts: state, what right do we have to hold them?" asked <mask>. The women were returned to their homes by <mask>. The Administrator of Henan, Guo Mo, came under attack in 314. The envoy to <mask> asked if he could retreat to <mask>'s base in the middle of a food shortage. <mask> sent his nephew to rescue him. Song wasn't able to approach as he didn't have many troops to face the army.The Army advisor to the Jin Inspector was returning from Chang'an after failing to relief it. He was contacted by <mask> to send help. Mo was escorted to the other side without a fight. The battle took place in 317 between the Han general <mask> and his troops. The rampart was built by a King of Han in ancient times. When <mask> was close by, he was provoked to come out by an envoy. <mask> was caught by surprise because he had no time to prepare his defences.The Han general was feigning surrender when <mask> sent envoys to him. Thinking that he had won, he lowered his defences and celebrated with his men. <mask> had a plan for a night raid, but his soldiers were unsure if it would work. Because of this, <mask> had a shaman come back to them and tell them that Zichan will help them in battle. Many of <mask>'s men volunteered to participate in the assault. The surprise attack on <mask>'s camp killed many of the enemy troops, but he escaped with an inch of his life. Song instructed the younger brother to chase after the men who fled.Many of the enemy soldiers were captured by Zhi. <mask> found an order from the emperor to execute the general Zhao Gu and replace him with Zhou Zhen after he defeated <mask>. When <mask> sent the edict to Zhao Gu, he had Zhou and his children

masks:
Li
Li
Li Ju
Li
Li
Li
Liu Chang
Li
Li
Li
Li
Li
Li
Liu Chang
Li Ju
Li
Li


title: Li Ju (Jin dynasty)

texts: executed because he was already on bad terms with Zhou Zhen. <mask> ordered Zhao to defend the city after he personally met with <mask> to surrender. Thousands of refugees fled from Han Zhao after the raid on Hedong Commandery. Zhao Gu fell back to Mount Yangcheng after he was attacked by <mask>ng. <mask> sent Guo Mo and Guo Song to reinforce Zhao Gu from Luorui.The generals were ordered to cross the Yellow River and raid the camp of <mask>. Initially, Geng successfully attacked from all directions and captured many camps, but by dawn, <mask> realized how little troops Geng actually had, so he viciously led the counter- attack and neither side got the upper hand for the next few days. A defensive line along the Yellow River prevented <mask> from crossing to support Geng. Geng destroyed supplies in the Han camps he captured before fleeing to Hulao. <mask> <mask> Can. <mask> was killed in the coup.The imperial coffins were going to be transported south to Jiankang after a letter was sent to <mask> by Zhun. Sima Rui sent his ministers to welcome the coffins. Later that year, <mask>n was defeated by a coalition of people. In 319, Shi Le broke away and formed Later Zhao. Guo Song was left to defend Luorui on his own after the death of Zhao Gu. Song faced multiple attacks from the son of Shi Le. The victor in all of their encounters was Guo Song.Han Zhao commanders decided to surrender to Later Zhao in 320. The commanders surrendered to <mask> after Shi Le sent Shi Sheng to support them. The reinforcements were sent by Guo Mo. He decided to capture Song Shi's army before retreating north because he felt it would be risky to attack his own. The people

masks:
Li
Li
Liu Yashe
Li Ju
Liu Can
Liu Can
Li Ju
LiLiu
ConLiu
Liu Can
Li Ju
Jin Zhu
Li Ju


title: Li Ju (Jin dynasty)

texts: of Henan fled to <mask>. Shi Sheng tried to attack Guo Song, but was defeated once more. Shi Cong and <mask> rushed to save him.<mask> was sent by Guo Mo to suggest that they give up their fight against Shi Cong, but he was turned down. <mask> was defeated in an ambush. The younger brother of Guo Song was sent to deliver a demoralizing message to <mask>, offering him the chance to surrender. <mask> was encouraged to continue fighting by Guo Song. Shi Sheng stole from Henan. The situation got worse for <mask> as his food ran out. He agreed to surrender once again after being asked by Guo Mo.The reinforcements were routed by the Later Zhao forces. After being defeated by Shi Cong again, Guo Mo abandoned his post and went to Jiankang. He was angry when he found out. He told his nephew the saying "If the lips are gone, the teeth will grow cold" before sending his generals to chase after him. I was able to welcome Guo Mo because of you, but now he is in danger. You must stop him immediately! Guo Mo abandoned his wife and children when he fled to the south.Song took Mo's family with him to <mask> because he couldn't catch up with him. At this point, nearly all of <mask>'s men were considering defecting. <mask> had no other choice but to join the government in Jiankang. Along the way, many of his soldiers chose to abandon him, and only more than a hundred people chose to remain with him. <mask> died when he fell off his horse. <mask> was buried at a mountain. There are references to Fang, Xuanling.It was 648. The book of Jin is called Jin Shu. The name of the person is Sima, Guang. There is a person named Zizhi Tongjian. The Jin dynasty had generals

masks:
Li Ju
Shi Liang
Li Ju
Li
Li
Li
Li
Li Ju
Li Ju
Li
Li Ju
Li


title: Dirk Weiler

texts: <mask> is an actor. <mask> is an actor. He was interested in the performing arts from a young age. He was involved in community theatre productions. <mask> played the bartender and prisoner in the first production at a bigger theatre. He was an extra at the Saarlndisches Staatstheater while he was at the Universitt des Saarlandes. From 1990 to 1994 he studied acting, singing and dancing at the Folkwang Academy in Essen, Germany.He was one of the lead performers in her pieces, and had already worked for two years as a performer with the dance theater group. He taught tap dance at the Musical Theatre Department of the Folkwang Hochschule. In 1998, he went to New York City to study voice at Manhattan School of Music, City College of New York, and finally at the Conservatory of Music at Brooklyn College, where he received his Master of Music. He was selected to attend master classes. He studied acting with Bennes Mardenn, who was trained to be the famous Group Theatre, in New York. He won the 2nd prize at the Lotte Lenya Competition for Singers in the United States in 1999 and became known as an excellent Kurt Weill

masks:
Dirk Weiler
Dirk Weiler
Dirk


title: Louis VI of France

masks: Louis Louis Louis Louis Louis Louis


title: Louis VI of France

texts: games with which others of his age used to enjoy themselves and forget the pursuit of arms. He repelled the king of the English when he attacked <mask>' kingdom. <mask> repudiated the daughter of his father's seneschal three years after he married her. They didn't have any children. The niece of Pope Callixtus II was married to <mask>ide. Her name is on 45 royal charters. During her time as queen, royal charters were dated with both her regnal year and the king. Suger was <mask>'s adviser before he succeeded his father as king at the age of 26. Daimbert, the Archbishop of Sens, crowned <mask> in the cathedral of Orléans on 3 August because his half-brother prevented him from reaching Rheims. The Archbishop of Rheims sent envoys to challenge the validity of the anointing but they did not succeed. The Kingdom of France was a collection of feudal principalities when <mask> ascended the throne.The French kings had little authority over the duke and counts of the realm beyond the Isle de France and <mask> began to assert Capetian power. The process began in the reign of <mask> VI. The rising power of the Anglo-Normans under their capable new king, Henry I of England, was the second great challenge facing <mask>. The area around Paris was unsafe because of the robber barons who resisted the King's authority. From their castles, such as Le Puiset, these barons would charge tolls, waylay merchants and pilgrims, terrorize the peasantry and loot churches and abbeys, drawing the ire of the writers of the day. After he ascended the throne, <mask>

masks: Louis Louis LouisAdela Louis Louis Louis Louis Louis Louis Louis


title: Louis VI of France

texts: engaged in war with Hugh of Crécy, who had captured Eudes, Count of Corbeil, and imprisoned him at La Ferté-Alais. The fortress was besieged by <mask> to free Eudes.The lordship of Bourbon was taken from his nephew by a seigneur named Aymon Vaire-Vache. Aymon refused the summons and <mask> demanded that the boy be restored to his rights. <mask> forced Aymon to surrender and enforce the rights of Archambaud at his castle at Germigny-l'Exempt. Philip, the half-brother of <mask>, was involved in conspiratorial activities against the King at Mantes-la-Jolie. The lords of Montfort-l'Amaury were included in Philip's plots. All communication south of Paris was threatened by a continuous barrier of castles held by Amaury III de Montfort. The marchands de l'eau was established in 1121 by <mask>.After William VI drove Aimeri from his town, Aimeri appealed to <mask>. <mask> raised an army at Bourges and marched into Auvergne, supported by some of his leading vassals, such as the Counts of Anjou, Brittany, and Nevers. The fortress of Pont-du-chateau on the Allier was seized by <mask> and William was forced to abandon it. Aimeri was restored. William and <mask> marched again after four years. He captured William and brought him to the court at Orléans to answer for his crimes. Thomas, Lord of Coucy, who was reputed to torture his victims, including hanging men by their testicles, cutting out eyes, and chopping off feet, was the most notorious of the outlaws.Guibert of Nogent said that no one could imagine the number of people who died in his dungeons.

masks: Louis Louis Louis Louis Louis Louis Louis Louis Louis


title: Louis VI of France

texts: Hugh, Lord of Le Puiset, was a notable brigand. <mask> heard charges against Hugh at his court at Melun from a number of people. Hugh didn't show up to answer the charges, but <mask> wanted him to. He was stripped of his lands and titles by <mask>. <mask> took Hugh prisoner after burning the castle to the ground. Hugh was released by <mask>, who was engaged in war with Henry I of England and Theobald.Hugh received aid from Theobald when <mask> returned his attention to him. Theobald abandoned Hugh after he held out against the King. After demolishing Le Puiset, <mask> rebuilt the castle and Hugh continued to torment his neighbours. <mask> stripped Hugh of his possessions after defeating him at the third attempt. Hugh died on a pilgrimage to the Holy Land. <mask> contended with some of the nobles. <mask> was in constant motion against them, leading his army from castle to castle, bringing law and order to his domain.Increased recognition of the King's authority and the Crown's ability to impose its will resulted in all sectors of French society seeing the King as their protectors. Henry I of England took control of the castle at Gisors, a fortress of strategic importance on the right bank of the Epte, after taking possession of the English Crown. Henry and the French King had an agreement that Gisors should remain in the hands of a neutral castellan. <mask> demanded that Henry appear before him to account for his actions after this move threatened the Capetian domain. In March 1109, the two kings met at the borders of their territories at

masks: Louis Louis Louis Louis Louis Louis Louis Louis Louis Louis Louis


title: Louis VI of France

texts: the bridge of Neauphle. Henry refused to give up Gisors. The English King was challenged to single combat by <mask>.War was inevitable when Henry refused, it would last for twenty years. Theobald II, Count of Champagne, switched to Henry's side after the first few years of the war. Theobald brought together barons with grievances against <mask>: Lancelin of Bulles, Milo of Bray-sur-Seine, Hugh of Crecy, Guy of Rochfort, and Hugh of Le Puiset. <mask> was able to defeat Theobald's coalition but was unable to defeat the English monarch or force him to abandon Gisors, so in March 1113 he was forced to sign a treaty recognizing Henry I as suzerain of Brittany and Maine. After three years of peace, the French and Norman Vexins fought again in April 1116, with each king making gains. After several successes and the capture of Les Andelys, <mask> was ready to end the war. In the Battle of Bremule, in August 1119, <mask>'s troops broke and were routed, abandoning the royal banner and sweeping the King along with them in retreat to Les Andelys.<mask>' health was failing and he looked for peace. Pope Calixtus II agreed to help and met with Henry at Gisors in November 1120. The terms of the peace included a return of all territories captured by both kings with the exception of Gisors, which <mask> was forced to concede to Henry. The count of Flanders, Charles the Good, was assassinated on March 2, 1127. It precipitated a succession crisis because of the scandal. William of Ypres, nephew of Charles who seized Saint-Omer, was one of a number of

masks: Louis Louis Louis Louis Louis Louis Louis


title: Louis VI of France

texts: relatives who raised claims. William Clito, son of Robert Curthe, was disinherited of Normandy by his uncle Henry I of England, so <mask> urged the barons to choose him as their new Count.He was the King's candidate and was elected Count by the Flemings. The murderers of Charles the Good were captured by <mask> and he ousted the rival claim. He captured William of Ypres on 26 April and imprisoned him at Lille. He quickly took all the towns that were loyal to William of Ypres. <mask> witnessed the execution of Charles the Good's murderers before he left for France. They were thrown from the roof of the church where they had committed their crime. It was a triumph for <mask> and he showed how far the Crown had come under his leadership.William Clito relied on heavy handed feudal ways that were not suited to the more socially advanced Flemings. The Flemings rebelled against <mask>'s candidate. They appealed to the people of Alsace and Saint-Omer. The moment was gone when <mask> tried to intervene again. He moved to enforce his claim after the people of Bruge rejected him. It was a gesture after <mask> called a great assembly at Arras. <mask> abandoned William of Clito, who died during a siege at Alost on 27 July 1128, and after the whole country finally submitted to Thierry, he was obliged to confirm his claim.The future of Henry's dynasty and his position in England were put in doubt when William, Henry's heir, died on the way to England from Normandy. The Norman and French seigneurs were opposed to Henry. The plan was to replace the

masks: Louis Louis Louis Louis Louis Louis Louis Louis


title: Louis VI of France

texts: English King with William Clito. Henry, the Holy Roman Emperor, instigated his son-in-law, Henry V, to invade France after defeating this coalition. Henry V married the English King's daughter, the future mother of Henry II of England, in order to create an Anglo-German empire, but the couple remained childless. Henry V had designs on the Low Countries and an invasion of Northern France would allow him to strengthen his ambitions in Flanders, as well as support his father-in-law. Henry V had an army to march on Rheims.It never arrived. All of France rose to <mask>' appeal against the threat. The proposed invasion was abandoned because Henry V was unwilling to see the French barons unite behind their King. The aborted campaign led to the death of Henry V. Henry I married the dowager of his illegitimate child, the Count of Anjou, in 1128 in the Alliance of the Anglo-Normans and Anjou. During the reign of <mask> of France, this alliance would prove to be dangerous. There were reasons for optimism during the final years of <mask> VI.Stephen of Blois took over the English crown after Henry I of England died on December 1, 1135. Stephen was not in a position to bring the Anglo-Norman might against the French crown. <mask> had made great strides in exercising his royal authority over his barons, and even Theobald II had finally rallied to the Capetian cause. On 9 April 1137, <mask> was appointed guardian of Eleanor of Aquitaine, a fifteen-year-old daughter of William X, Duke of Aquitaine. <mask> wasted no time in marrying Eleanor to his heir,

masks:
Louis
Louis VII
Louis
Louis
Louis VI
Louis


title: Louis VI of France

texts: the future <mask>, at the Cathedral of Saint-André in Bordeaux on 25 July 1137. One of the most powerful duchies in France was added to the Capetian domain. On 1 August 1137, <mask> died of dysentery.The power of the soon to be Angevin Empire would be overshadowed by his successor, Henry II of England, despite his achievements. <mask> was buried in Paris. He married a woman named Lucienne de Rochefort on May 23, 1107 at the Council of Troyes. He died as a result of being confused with his brother of the same name. The King of the Franks Henry died young. Robert and Elizabeth married first Eustace IV, count of Boulogne, and then Raymond V. Guillaume I of Chaumont is in 1117 Notes References Sources.The Basilica of Saint-Denis Nobility in Paris is where 12th-century kings of France are

masks:
Louis VII
Louis
Louis VI


title: Michael Seed

texts: <mask> was an advisor to Cormac Murphy-O'Connor for over twenty-five years and was a Franciscan friar. Several British celebrities, politicians, and a member of the Royal Family were helped by Seed to decide whether to convert to Catholicism. <mask> was christened into the Catholic Church as an infant when he was born to a young woman named Marie. He was adopted by the Seed family. The abuse he and his mother were 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 During his school years, Seed was subjected to constant abuse at home. He was raised by his maternal grandmother after his mother and father died.Seed was a student at Knowl View residential school for four years. Nobody's Child was an important source of information for the Independent Inquiry into Childhood Sexual Abuse. The level of sexual abuse at Knowl View was described by Seed as "beyond horror". Seed was involved in several Christian denominations in his youth, including

masks:
Michael Seed
Michael Seed


title: Michael Seed

texts: leaving office. After the retirement of Cardinal Murphy-O'Connor, <mask> Nichols. He hopes that any decision taken about his future will ensure that his gifts are used in the most productive way. Fr <mask> has quietly done a lot of pastoral work. Many Catholics are dismayed by the departure of Fr <mask>.He has been a fixture of Catholic life in London for many years and has done a lot to raise the church's profile. He received a cross of honour from Pope John Paul II. " Nobody's Child" was written by <mask> in 2008 and has been described as a "blazing testament to one human's raw courage, and his remarkable ability to finally triumph over the horrors of a stolen childhood." "I Will See You in Heaven" and "Letters from the Heart" are two of the books. "I Will See You in Heaven, Where Animals Don't Bite" is a collection of letters about heaven written by famous people with a foreword by Mother Teresa of Calcutta. Cardinal Basil Hume was one of the book's contributors and enjoyed a close relationship with <mask> who helped him raise funds for the homeless centre The Passage which is still going strong. The annual "A Night Under The Stars" was arranged by <mask>.The second volume of Seed's book, Sinners and Saints, was launched at a lapdancing club in London's West End. The Telegraph liked the "strange tale of carnality and cardinals". It was referred to as an "unpriestly book" and a "careless talk" by Church Times. He will not have left the public stage now that he has left the cathedral. Father <mask> will be present in the midst of two or

masks:
Michael SeedVincent
Michael
Seed
Michael Seed
Michael Seed
Michael Seed
Michael Seed


title: Michael Seed

texts: three Hello!-style celebs, and he will be both clumsily sycophantic and intrusive. Wilson asked who leaked the story of Alan Clark's deathbed conversion to a newspaper, the dead Clark or God. The queue of people wanting to sit where I am now would quickly disappear if Seed were true.<mask> is eager to portray this special treatment not as a privilege, but as a kind of torture. "Mrs Blair", he never uses their first names, absolutely hated it. She didn't want to go to Mass with everyone else. In 2010 it was reported that Seed had a minor heart attack while on a retreat in Florida and was told to have a complete rest. He isn't on the Society's list of friars. An anonymous friend said in a Telegraph article that he had seen him after he had drunk too much white wine. I've seen his spiritual side.He really cares. He is a special chap. A party in my garden used to get the attention of the noise abatement people. They thought he was in a fancy dress and gave up. He's always up for adventures. References include the website of the Franciscan Sisters of the Atonement, the website of the Franciscan Friars of the Atonement, and the website of the Catholic National


title: Elijah Craig

texts: The area of Virginia that became the state of Kentucky was home to a Baptist preacher named <mask>. He has been credited with the invention of Bourbon Whiskey. <mask> was born in Orange County, Virginia in 1738 and was the 5th child of Polly and Taliaferro. In 1764, Baptist David Thomas converted the tobacco barn to be used for meetings. David Read was persuaded to travel from North Carolina to be a part of the new congregation. Brothers Lewis and <mask> became Baptist preachers. Lewis was imprisoned with five other people in 1768 for preaching without a license from the established Anglican Church.Blue Run church is halfway between Barboursville and Liberty Mills, Virginia. He was jailed at least twice for preaching without a license from the Anglican Church. The established state church received funding from the colony and such preachers were considered a challenge to the social order. The convention of independent Baptists designated two men as apostles to evangelize north of the James River. Although Virginia had adopted the principle of freedom of religion in its Declaration of Rights in 1776 and again in the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom in 1786, Baptists still faced persecution during the early statehood period. Many slaves were freed in the Upper South during the first two decades after the Revolution, after Baptists encouraged planters to free their slaves. The Baptists reconciled with the slavery institution and encouraged planters to use Christian values to improve treatment of slaves.As the legislative liaison of the general convention and general association to Virginia's legislature, <mask> became politically active. He worked with Patrick Henry and James Madison to protect religious

masks:
Elijah Craig
Craig
Joseph Craig
Craig


title: Elijah Craig

texts: freedom after the Revolutionary War. The Anglican Church was disestablished in Virginia due to religious freedom being protected by statute. The First Amendment to the United States Constitution lost government financial support. Common planters with smaller holdings of land and slaves saw their Baptist membership grow. In 1781, <mask>'s brother Rev. sought religious freedom and economic opportunity in the Kentucky area of Virginia. The largest group of people to migrate from Spotsylvania County to Kentucky County were <mask>'s parents, younger siblings, and most of his congregation.<mask> followed the group a few years later. In 1782, after the Revolutionary War, the leader of his congregation from Orange Co., VA, bought a place in Virginia called Lebanon, which was incorporated in 1784. Georgetown was renamed in honor of George Washington, the first president of the United States. <mask> preached at several churches. The Great Crossing Church was founded the previous year. <mask> and his party were kicked out of the party in 1793 after a controversy about some of <mask>'s economic activities. The 35 founding members of McConnell's Church, near McConnells Run, were led by <mask>.The churches were part of the association. The first classical school in Kentucky was established in 1787 by <mask>. His ad was in The Kentucky Gazette. On Monday, 28 January, a school will be opened at the Royal Spring in Lebanon Town, Fayette County, where a commodious house, sufficient to contain fifty or sixty scholars, will be prepared. They will charge twenty five shillings a quarter for each scholar to teach the Latin and Greek languages. Half of the money will be paid in cash and the other half in produce. There will be a

masks:
Elijah
Lewis Craig
Craig
Craig
Craig
Craig
Craig
Elijah Craig


title: Elijah Craig

texts: vacation of a month in the spring, and another in the fall, at the close of each of which it is expected that such payments as are due in cash will be made.For diet, washing and house room for a year, each scholar pays 3 pounds of pork on entrance and 3 pounds of cash at the beginning of the third quarter. The number of eight or ten boys, at 35s a year for each bed, is what is desired. ElIJah <mask>. Lebanon, December 27, 1787. <mask> founded the Rittenhouse Academy in 1798. Georgetown College is the first Baptist college founded west of the Allegheny Mountains. The college continues.<mask> went from being a businessman to a local magnate. He built Kentucky's first fulling mill, its first paper mill, its first ropewalk, and the first lumber and gristmill at Georgetown. <mask> was the Fire Chief of the Georgetown Fire Department. <mask> founded a distillery. His reputation as the inventor of Bourbon Whiskey was caused by this last enterprise. <mask> is said to have been the first to age the whiskey in charred oak casks, giving it a unique taste. <mask> built his distillery in the county.The location became part of Woodford County in 1789. Some have claimed that it was not in Bourbon County. Bourbon County was named in honor of the noted Revolutionary War Gen. Gilbert du Motier, a French descendant of the royal House of Bourbon. American whiskey authority Charles Kendrick Cowdery believes <mask> was making the same kind of whiskey as most of his peers, and historian Henry Crowgey calls his invention of Bourbon a "charming legend". By 1785, when Bourbon County was formed, dozens of small farmer-distillers west of the Alleghenies made corn-based whiskies, which they called 'bourbon', to distinguish them from the

masks: Craig Craig Craig Craig Craig Craig Craig Craig


title: Elijah Craig

texts: rye-based whiskies commonly distilled in the East. <mask>'s whiskey was not unique in its time and he did not practice charring aging barrels. The first publication to allude to <mask> as the inventor of Bourbon was in 1874, without mentioning <mask> himself or providing any documentation of the claim, and without any explanation as to what distinguished the product as the first Bourbon.Death <mask> continued to prosper, eventually owning slaves and operating a retail store. He died in Georgetown. His preaching was of the most solemn style, his appearance as of a man who had just come from the dead, a thin visage, large eyes and mouth, and the sweet melody of his voice. As his whole property was spent in attempts to carry his plans to execution, <mask> died poor. If virtue is about being useful to our fellow citizens, Mr. would be a good example. <mask>. Legacy Craig is produced by Heaven Hill Distilleries.The 12-year-old " Small Batch" and 18-year-old "Single Barrel" bottles are where the whiskey is made. The producer of the 18-year-old single barrel Bourbon claims that it is the oldest single barrel Bourbon in the world and that it was made in oak barrels. American people of Scottish descent, American religious leaders, and Papermakers Bourbon whiskey are some of the people

masks: Craig Craig Craig Craig Craig Craig


title: Mike Smith (ice hockey, born 1945)

texts: Michael A<mask> is an American former college hockey player, professional coach and front office executive who has worked with the original Jets, Hawks and Maple Leafs of the NHL. <mask> has worked as a scout and as a hockey analyst. <mask> was on the hockey team at Potsdam Central High School, where he was born and raised. <mask> played hockey and earned a Bachelor of Science degree in social sciences. He earned a doctorate in sociology at Syracuse University. He was the head coach at Christian Brothers Academy for two seasons. <mask> had his first job in the NHL in 1979 when he was hired as the coach of the Tulsa farm team.He was best known as a pioneer in bringing Russian players into the league when he was with the Jets. He became director of scouting after Michael Doran, the assistant general manager, was injured in an automobile accident. <mask> was made the permanent General Manager in December of 1988 after the Jets fired John Ferguson. The Jets were managed by <mask> from 1988 to 1994. In August 1997 <mask> was appointed the associate general manager of the Toronto Maple Leafs after working as a scout for the Chicago Hawks. Hedberg was made the Personnel Director. During his time with the Leafs, <mask> made a couple of notable non-player moves, one of which was the hiring of Pat Quinn as head coach.<mask>'s contract wasn't renewed despite the 28 point improvement and franchise record in wins. <mask> was named Manager of Hockey Operations in December 1999. He became the club's seventh GM nine months

masks:
. Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith


title: Mike Smith (ice hockey, born 1945)

texts: later. The Hawks made the playoffs for the first time in five years during <mask>'s first season. He would be the GM for three years. He was fired by the Hawks. <mask> was in the New York High School Hockey Hall of Fame in 1999.<mask> joined Coleman Analytics in 2006 to help develop and market an analytic package for NHL teams. <mask> was hired by Bench Metrics to develop a product to help teams apply analytics in the NHL Entry Draft. <mask> acquired Randy Cunneyworth, Rick Tabaracci and Dave McLlwain from the Pittsburgh Penguins for Randy Gilhen, Andrew McBain and Jim Kyte at the 1989 NHL Entry Draft. The Jets rebounded to a respectable 37-32-11, a 21-point improvement over the previous season. Ed Olczyk was traded to the New York Rangers for fan favorites Tie Domi and Kris King on December 28, 1992. The Jets desperately needed a physical presence. <mask> established a Toronto Maple Leafs franchise record for wins in his first year.The omnibus FA signings he made after he was hired during the summer of 1998 included Steve Thomas, Sylvain Cote, and checking forwards Kris King and Derek King who played an important role for the team. After the 2001–02 season, <mask> was named Executive of the Year by The Sporting News. Several future NHL stars were drafted by <mask>. <mask> has been accused of favoring Russian players over North American players in the NHL entry draft. During his final three years as the Jets' GM, <mask> made some questionable draft choices, including the drafting of Aaron Ward in 1991, ahead

masks:
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Mike Smith
Smith
Smith


title: Mike Smith (ice hockey, born 1945)

texts: of future stars Peter Forsberg, Brian Rolston, and Alexei Kovalev. Sergei Bautin had an unremarkable NHL career. <mask> drafted a player who made little impact in the NHL.<mask> was the one who forced the Jets franchise player to leave. In my era, there were two Winnipegs. The John Ferguson era was positive and community-driven. The <mask> era was negative and pessimistic. The media covered that. I thought I'd be a Jet for the rest of my life, but <mask> made it impossible for me to push forward with my career there. <mask> made questionable trades that would haunt the Jets.<mask> sent a future Olympian and Frank J. Selke trophy winner to the Detroit Red Wings for $1. <mask> would trade Phil Housley to the St. Louis Blues. <mask> traded star forward Stu Barnes along with a sixth round selection to the Florida panthers for Randy Gilhen in 1994. The young and promising Jets team was dismantled by <mask>. The Jets were last in the Western Conference by the time <mask> was relieved of his duties. <mask> has been heavily involved with USA Hockey, having served as the coach and general manager for the team's 1981 1994 and 1995 appearances at the IIHF World Hockey Championship. He is a member of the advisory board to USA Hockey.<mask>'s wife Judith died of cancer in the fall of 2000. The couple had a son. <mask> is an avid collector of Native American artwork and has written ten books about hockey at the grassroots level. National Hockey League executives National Hockey League general managers New York Rangers

masks:
Smith
Smith
Mike Smith
Mike
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Mike Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith
Smith


title: Sandra Bernhard

texts: The American actress was born on June 6, 1955. She gained attention with her stand-up comedy, where she critiqued celebrity culture and political figures. She played Nancy Barlett Thomas on Roseanne from the fourth season to the end of the show in 1997. She played a nurse in Pose. Comedy Central has a list of the 100 greatest stand-ups of all time. The daughter of a proctologist and a woman was born in 1955. She was raised as a Conservative Jew by her parents.Dan, David and Mark are her brothers. When she was 10, her family moved to Arizona. She graduated from the high school in 1973. At The Comedy Store, <mask> was a staple. She was cast as a supporting player on The Richard Pryor Show in 1977. There were guest appearances on evening talk shows. She won the National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Supporting Actress for her role in The King of Comedy, which she starred in.She was a frequent guest on David Letterman's NBC program Late Night with David Letterman. The album version of her first one-woman show, I'm Your Woman, was released in 1985. She appeared in a variety of small television roles throughout the 1980s while crafting her stand-up routine into a more performance art oriented show. Without You, I'm Nothing, With You, I'm Not Much Better was a one-woman show that played at the Orpheum Theatre. In 1990 it was turned into a film and a double album. The film was mostly shot at the Ambassador Hotel in 1989. It was during the


title: Sandra Bernhard

texts: run of Without You, I'm Nothing, With You, I'm Not Much Better that Madonna appeared on Late Night with David Letterman.The two staged a sexy confrontation and received a lot of publicity. They were friends for a long time, with <mask> making an appearance in Madonna's film. Roseanne was a hit sitcom in 1991. She was one of the first actresses to portray an openly bisexual recurring character on American television. In September 1992, he did a nude photo for Playboy. She hosted the USA Network's Reel Wild Cinema for two seasons. She appeared in mainstream films such as Hudson Hawk and Dallas Doll.Excuses for Bad Behavior was her first studio album. She was a guest on the "Jerk" episode of Space Ghost Coast to Coast in 1995. She played a romance novelist in an episode of Highlander: The Series called "Dramatic License" in 1996. In an episode of Will & Grace where the title characters tried to befriend her, she appeared as herself. When their ruse is exposed, <mask> rants at them, with the sounds of a blender blotting out obscenities. She came back as herself two years later. The show I'm Still Here... was performed on Broadway in 1998.Damn It! is a live comedy album. She gave birth to her daughter on July 4, 1998. The Off-Broadway show Everything Bad & Beautiful was her return to New York. The CD of the show was praised as one of her best. She hosted 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217

masks: Bernhard Bernhard


title: Sandra Bernhard

texts: 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 The debut of her one-woman show Plan B from Outer Space, and the inclusion of her Hanukkah-themed song "Miracle of Lights", which she co-wrote with Mitchell Kaplan, were highlights of 2007. She performed "Miracle of Lights" on some morning shows in New York.On the Family Dance album's "Thrift Shop", <mask> was a featured guest singer. She said in an interview that she was offered the role of Miranda Hobbes on Sex and the City, but chose not to take it because of the "terrible" original script and small paycheck. She would join the cast of ABC Family's Switched at Birth with glees Max Adler, where she would play an art professor on the Season 3 opener in January. She hosted a radio show, Sandyland, on Radio Andy. She made her first appearance as the recurring character of Joedth in the 4th season of 2 Broke Girls. She


title: Sandra Bernhard

texts: plays Nurse Judy on POSE, a show based on queer and trans ball culture in Manhattan. In August of 2006 he was the spokesman for Make-up Art Cosmetics.She referred to someone who might not approve of her outspokenness as a "little freaked out, intimidated, frightened, right-wing Republican thin-lipped bitch" in the commercial. The line from the commercial was edited to not offend some of its customers. She warned SarahPalin that she would be gang-raped by her "big black brothers" if she visited Manhattan. There was a planned campaign stop in New York City. Naomi Campbell called out <mask> for her comments about Carey and Black men in her 1998 comedy show I'm Still Here... Damn It! "She's trying to backtrack on our asses by acting real nigger-ish there at the Royalton Hotel suite with Puff Daddy and all the greasy, chain-wearing Black men," he said in the show. A strong supporter of LGBT rights, <mask> is bisexual.On July 4, 1998, she gave birth to a daughter, whom she raised with her partner of 20 years. Classic pop music, jazz, and blues tunes are performed by <mask>. She has released several albums. I'm Your Woman Without You is not an excuse for bad behavior. Damn it! The Love Machine Hero Worship Excuses for Bad Behavior is a sequel to The Love Machine. " Everybody's Young" and "You Make Me Feel (Mighty Real)" were featured."Manic Superstar" is a hot dance club play. "On the Runway" is in the U.S. "Perfection" is a song by the Hot Dance

masks:
Bernhard
Bernhard
Music Bernhard


title: Brandon Hurst

texts: <mask> was an English stage and film actor. Born in London, England, <mask> studied philology in his youth and began performing in theater in the 1880s. He was in the English army for seven years and in the King's Dragoon Guards in India for five years. He worked in Broadway shows until he got into motion pictures. Two Women in 1910 was his most notable stage appearance. His film debut was as Edward Pinckney in Via Wireless. He appeared in more than 100 films.He portrayed the antagonist and anti-heroes in the 1920s. Sir George Carewe in Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde was one of those roles. He had small roles in sound films during the 1920s and 1930s. His role in A Connecticut Yankee was that of the sinister Merlin the Magician. His last film was Two Guys from Texas. Edward Pinckney made his film debut in Filmography Via Wireless. The Amateur Gentleman, Peterby The Lady of the Harem, and Uncle George are uncredited.The voice of the storm was written by Inspector Haynes.

masks:
Brandon Hurst
Hurst


title: Robert Morris (financier)

texts: <mask>, Jr. was an English merchant and a founding father of the United States. He was a member of the Pennsylvania legislature, the Second Continental Congress, and the United States Senate. He was the "Financier of the Revolution" from 1781 to 1784. He was one of the founding fathers of the financial system of the United States. After moving to the United States in his teens, <mask> became a partner in a shipping firm in Philadelphia. <mask> joined other merchants in opposing British tax policies after the French and Indian War. He was the richest man in America.He was chosen as a delegate to the Second Continental Congress after he helped procure arms and ammunition for the revolutionary cause. He served on the Secret Committee of Trade, which dealt with the procurement of supplies, the Committee of Correspondence, which dealt with foreign affairs, and the Marine Committee, which oversaw the Continental Navy. In 1786, <mask> resigned from Congress. After leaving office, <mask> focused on his merchant career and won election to the Pennsylvania Assembly, where he became a leader of the "Republican" group that sought alterations to the Pennsylvania Constitution. Congress created the position of Supremo of Finance in order to deal with a difficult financial situation during the Revolutionary War. <mask> served as an agent of the Marine and was in charge of the Continental Navy. With the help of Haym Salomon, he helped provide supplies to the Continental Army under George Washington.The Bank of North America, the first Congressionally chartered national bank to operate in the United States, was established by <mask>. <mask> believed that the national government would be unable to achieve financial stability without the power to levy taxes and tariffs, but he was

masks:
Robert Morris
Morris
Morris
Morris
Morris
Morris
Morris
Morris


title: Robert Morris (financier)

texts: unable to convince all thirteen states to agree to an amendment to the Articles of Confederation. In May 1783 the young John Brown was commissioned by <mask> to visit Luis de Unzaga 'le Conciliateur', who served him as an intermediary in his secret mission to free the trade with the United States thanks to bills of exchange from the bankers Le Couteulx. The weakness of the national government led to the resignation of <mask> as the Superintendent of Finance in 1784. <mask> was a member of the American Philosophical Society. In 1787, <mask> was selected as a delegate to the Philadelphia Convention, which wrote and proposed a new constitution for the United States. Many of <mask>' ideas were reflected in the constitution produced by the convention.The new constitution was approved by the required number of states by the end of the 18th century, thanks to <mask> and his allies. <mask> was elected to the United States Senate by the Pennsylvania legislature. <mask> suggested Alexander Hamilton to be the nation's first Treasury Secretary. <mask> was a supporter of the economic program in the Senate. After his service in the Senate, <mask> went into debt speculating on land. He was unable to pay his debts so he was confined in the Prune Street debtors' apartment. He lived in a modest home in Philadelphia after being released from prison.On January 20, 1734, <mask> was born. Charles Rappleye believes that <mask> was probably born out of wedlock. <mask> was raised by his maternal grandmother in England. In 1747, <mask> moved to Oxford, Maryland, where his father had prospered in the tobacco trade. After two years, <mask>'s father sent him to Philadelphia, the most populous city in British North America, where he lived under the care of his father's friend. <mask> was

masks:
Morris
Morris
Morris
Morris
Morris
Morris
Morris
Morris
Morris Hamilton
Morris
Youth Morris
Morris
Morris
Morris
Morris
Morris


title: Robert Morris (financier)

texts: arranged to become an apprentice at the shipping and banking firm of Philadelphia merchant Charles Willing. Much of <mask>, Jr.'s estate was left by his father's death.<mask> rose through the ranks to become a key agent in Willing's firm. <mask> traveled to Caribbean ports to expand the firm's business, and he gained a knowledge of trading and the various currencies used to exchange goods. He befriended Thomas Willing, the oldest son of Charles Willing who was two years older than <mask> and who had split his life between England and British North America. Thomas made <mask> a full partner in the renamed firm of Willing Morris & Company after Charles Willing died in 1754. In Philadelphia, Morris's shipping firm was one of many that pursued innovative strategies. The firm pooled with other shipping firms to cover vessels, INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals The firm traded with India, the Levant, the West Indies, Spanish Cuba, Spain, and Italy.The firm's business of import, export, and general agency made it one of the most prosperous in Pennsylvania. The first American vessel to visit the Chinese mainland was under the control of Morris and other investors. Slavery Morris's partnership with Willing was forged just after the beginning of the Seven Years' War, which made it hard for the colony to get new indentured servants. Potential immigrants were conscripted in England to fight in

masks:
Robert Morris
Morris
Morris
Morris
Morris


title: Robert Morris (financier)

texts: Europe, and contracts for those already in the colonies in America were about to expire. The slave trade was profitable for the king's political allies in the African Company of Merchants and the British Crown wanted to encourage it. While <mask> was a junior partner and Willing was pursuing a political career, the company Willing, Morris & Co. co-signed a petition calling for the repeal of Pennsylvania's tariffs on imported slaves. In the height of the trade, 200 slaves were imported into Philadelphia, most of which were brought in by D'Wolf, Lopez, and Rivera.The slave-trading voyage was funded by Morris & Co. The ship wasn't profitable and was captured by French privateers during a second trip. There were two slave auctions handled by the firm. The firm advertised an agency sale for over 100 Gold Coast slaves. The ship docked to avoid the tariffs. In 1765, the firm advertised 17 slaves who were brought from Africa on the ship Marquis de Granby. The slaves were not sold in Philadelphia as the owner took the ship and all the slaves to Jamaica.<mask> married Mary White, the daughter of a wealthy and prestigious lawyer and landholder, at the age of 35. The couple's first seven children were born in December 1769. <mask> and his family lived in Philadelphia on Front Street and then in the northwest of the city on The Hills. Morrisville was a rural manor that was located across the Delaware River from New Jersey. Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Willing, and other leading citizens of Philadelphia attended the <mask>es' worship at the Anglican Christ Church. Several domestic workers and slaves were retained by the <mask> household. <mask> fathered a daughter, Polly, who was born out of wedlock around 1760, as well as the children he sired with Mary White.<mask> supported

masks: Morris Morris Morris Morris Morris Morris Morris


title: Robert Morris (financier)

texts: Polly financially and remained in contact with her throughout her adult life. Thomas, <mask>'s younger half-brother, was sired out of wedlock by <mask>'s father. Thomas became a partner in <mask>'s shipping firm. William White was Mary's brother and served as the Senate's chaplain. Two blocks north of Independence Hall, <mask> purchased a home on Market Street. He made it his primary residence after gaining clear title to the estate. In 1790, President George Washington accepted <mask>'s offer to make the house his primary residence; <mask> and his family subsequently moved to a smaller, neighboring property.<mask> and his wife were frequently seen at state events thrown by the president. The President's House was the residence of the president until 1800, when John Adams moved to the White House. In one of his first major political acts, <mask> joined with several other merchants in pressuring British agent John Hughes to refrain from collecting the new tax. Parliament repealed the tax after facing resistance from the colonies. In the decade after the Stamp Act, <mask> joined other merchants in protesting taxation policies. <mask> stated in a letter to a friend that he was an American and objected to British tax policies. While his partner, Thomas Willing, served in various governmental positions, <mask> declined to serve in any public office other than that of port warden, and he generally let Willing act as the public face of the firm.In response to the Intolerable Acts, many people in British North America began calling for a boycott of British goods. The congress of all the colonies was called for by Willing, Charles Thomson, and John Dickinson in Philadelphia. <mask> befriended colonial leaders such as George Washington and John Jay despite not being elected

masks: Morris Morris Morris Morris Morris Morris Morris Morris Morris Morris Morris Morris


title: Robert Morris (financier)

texts: to the First Continental Congress. The delegates who favored the reform of British policies but were unwilling to break with Britain were generally sympathized with by <mask>. The Continental Association, an agreement to enforce a boycott against British goods, was created in September of 1774 by the First Continental Congress. <mask> was elected to the committee that enforced the boycott. The American Revolutionary War broke out after the Battles of Lexington and Concord.Washington was appointed to command the Continental Army after the Second Continental Congress began in Philadelphia. <mask> was appointed to the Committee of Safety by the Pennsylvania Provincial Assembly. When Benjamin Franklin was absent, <mask> became the committee's chairman and became part of the core group of members that directed the committee. <mask> was charged with obtaining gunpowder and arranging a large-scale smuggling operation to avoid British laws designed to prevent arms and ammunition from being imported into the colonies. <mask> became the chief supplier of gunpowder to the Continental Army after he smuggled gunpowder for Pennsylvania. In October 1775, <mask> was elected to the Pennsylvania Provincial Assembly. <mask> was elected as a delegate to Congress by the Provincial Assembly.<mask> was aligned with the less radical group of delegates that protested British policies but still favored reconciliation with Britain. He was a member of the Secret Committee of Trade. All government business was handled by the committees of Congress. According to Charles Rappleye, the committee "handled its contracts in a clubby, often incestuous manner that may have unfairly benefited politically connected merchants, including <mask>." Rappleye notes that it was difficult for the committee to

masks: Morris Morris Morris Morris Morris Morris Morris Morris Morris Morris


title: Robert Morris (financier)

texts: establish competitive bidding procedures for procurement contracts because of the dangerous and secretive nature of the committee. <mask> was appointed to the Marine Committee, which oversaw the Continental Navy, and the Committee of Secret Correspondence, which oversaw efforts to establish relations with foreign powers. <mask> helped arrange for the appointment of Deane as Congress's representative to France from his position on the latter committee.Rappleye describes <mask> as the "defacto commander" of the Continental Navy, as he emerged as a key figure on the Marine Committee. <mask> favored attacking Britain's "defenseless places" in order to divide Britain's superior fleet. Along with Franklin, Dickinson, and John Adams, <mask> helped draft the Model Treaty, which was designed to serve as a template for relations with foreign countries. The Model Treaty emphasized the importance of free trade. The chairman of the Secret Committee of Trade was named after Samuel Ward. He established a network of agents in the colonies and foreign ports who were charged with procuring supplies for the Continental war effort. The British Parliament passed the Prohibitory Act in February of 1776, which made American shipping subject to seizure by British ships.<mask> was the only congressional leader who continued to hope for reconciliation with Britain, since he believed that all-out war still lacked the strong support of a majority of Americans and would prove financially ruinous. In June 1776, a convention of delegates from across Pennsylvania began meeting to draft a new constitution and establish a new state government due to frustration with the moderate group of Pennsylvania leaders that included <mask>. Congress was debating whether to declare independence from Britain.


title: Robert Morris (financier)

texts: Pennsylvania's delegation was the only congressional delegation opposed to declaring independence. The pro-independence movement gained a majority in the Pennsylvania delegation when <mask> and another delegate agreed to excuse themselves from the vote on independence. The United States formally declared independence on July 4, 1776, after all congressional delegations voted to pass a resolution declaring independence on July 2. <mask> was surprised that the Pennsylvania convention voted to keep him in Congress despite his opposition to independence.<mask> signed the Declaration of Independence even though he abstained. He stated that he is not one of the politicians that run testy when their own plans are not adopted. It's the duty of a good citizen to follow when he can't lead. He did not wish to see his countrymen die on the field of battle or live in tyranny. After the Declaration of Independence was issued, <mask> continued to supervise and coordinate efforts to export American goods. His strategy was to use ships from New England to export tobacco and other goods from the Southern states to Europe and the islands of the Caribbean, then use the capital obtained from those exports to purchase military supplies from Europe. Many American ships were captured in the midst of trading operations as British spies and warships frustrated his plans.<mask> arranged for an agent to pay for repairs to American privateers on the French island of Martinique, after he authorized American envoys in Europe to attack British shipping. <mask> began to own his own privateers due to the lucrative nature of privateering. <mask>, <mask>'s half-brother, was a bad choice for managing American privateers in Europe as he binge drank and mismanaged funds. Congress authorized the

masks:
Morris
Morris
Morris
Morris
Morris
Morris
Thomas Morris
Morris


title: Robert Morris (financier)

texts: appointment of two envoys charged with seeking a formal treaty of alliance with France, Benjamin Franklin and Arthur Lee, at the urging of <mask> and Benjamin Franklin. Lee was completely incompetent in his efforts to gain support from Prussia and the Habsburg Monarchy and Franklin would help to greatly expand arms shipments from France and Spain. Washington's army was forced to retreat across the Delaware River and into Pennsylvania in December of 1776. Congress appointed <mask> and two other delegates to execute Continental business in its absence, because <mask> was one of few delegates to remain in the city.<mask> provided supplies that helped the Continental victory at the Battle of Trenton. Congress fled west from Philadelphia after the Battle of Brandywine and <mask> and his family moved to Manheim, Pennsylvania. <mask> spent most of his time defending himself against attacks regarding alleged mismanagement and financial improprieties levied by the pro-slavery allies of Henry Laurens, the president of the Continental Congress. <mask> did not play a large role in the drafting of the Articles of Confederation because of his leave of absence, but he did sign the document. The Articles wouldn't enter into force until 1781, as some states objected to them. In May 1778, <mask> returned to Congress to vote for a measure to provide pensions to Continental Army officers. He formed a close working relationship with Gouverneur <mask>, a young New York congressman who shared many of <mask>'s views.Philadelphia was evacuated by the British and <mask> returned to Congress there. <mask> wanted to wind down his projects so that he could focus on his business in Congress. <mask> won election to the state assembly as part of a slate of candidates that favored reform of the

masks:
Morris
Morris
Morris
Morris
Morris
Morris
Morris
Morris
Morris
Robert Morris
Morris
Morris
Morris