title: Muneer Ahmad Rashid

texts: research at the PAEC, he left Pakistan in 1978 to join Abdus Salam in London, Great Britain.He joined the London University where he received his degree. In 1980. He finished his D. Sc. After graduating from London University, he went to Nigeria to teach at the Ahmadu Bello University in Zaria. In 2005, after being requested by the President of Pakistan, <mask> returned to Pakistan and joined the Centre for Advanced Mathematics and Physics at the National University of Science and Technology. He had published many papers in the field of scattering theory. Breaks were made to the field of nuclear physics as a result of his contribution to scattering theory.The papers containing the published proof of Fermat's Last Theorem were presented at the conference by M. A<mask>, using the resources and work of Richard Taylor and Andrew Wiles. On 1 April 2006 at the 12th Regional Conference on Mathematical Physics, held by the National Center for Physics, <mask> proof and presented his papers on "Transition amplitude for time- dependent linear harmonic oscillator with Linear time- dependent terms added to the Hamiltonian" where he had proposed and solved mathematical He made a lot of contributions to pure mathematics, Statistical mechanics and physics. The research paper "Wormholes supported by phantom-like modified Chaplygin gas" was published in 2009. It's called Phys. The "Generalized Holographic Dark Energy Model" was published in the Journal. It's called Phys.The European Physical Journal C Vol: pp:-, "Interacting dark energy with inhomogeneous equation of state" J. There's a lot of math. Educ. There is a science. "Factorality in Riecz groups" was accessed for publication in the Journal of Group Theory Vol: References External

masks:
Rashid
. Rashid
Rashid


title: Migjeni

type: paraphrased

texts: futility of human endeavor. The poet paints a gloomy picture of our earthly existence: somber nights, tears, smoke, thorns and mud.Rarely does a breath of fresh air or a vision of nature come through the gloom. It is autumn when nature occurs in the verse of Migjeni. There are at least suffocated desires if there is no hope. "The sons of the new age", "Awakening", and "Song of youth" are some poems. The zenith of genuine socialist verse in Albanian letters was found here, long before the so-called liberation and socialist period from 1944 to 1990. Despite the indignation and clenched fist he shows us, <mask> was not a socialist or revolutionary poet. He didn't have any sense of political commitment or activity.He was a product of the 1930s, an age in which Albanian intellectuals were particularly fascinated by the West and in which, in Western Europe itself, the rival ideologies of communism and fascism were colliding for the first time in the Spanish Civil War. The philosophy of the right influenced Migjeni. In T lindet njeriu, "May the man be born", and in the dithyramb Trajtat e Mbinjeriut, "The shape of the Superman", a strangled, crushed will transform itself into an "ardent desire for a "My work has a combative character, but for practical reasons, and taking into account our particular conditions, I must maneuver in disguise," she said. I can't explain these things to the communists. The necessities of the social situation through which we are passing dictate the publication of my works. I consider my work to be a contribution to the union of the groups.If I live a little longer, my work will be done. He felt that the Church was oblivious to the sufferings of humanity. His training for the Orthodox priesthood and his lack of attachment to religion seem to have been counter productive. God was a giant with granite fists. The two poems missing from the 1944 edition of Parathania e parathanieve contain evidence of his repulsion towards God and the Church. Where


title: Migjeni

texts: are you? Blasfemi is also known as blasphemy.Migjeni expresses a morbid attraction to a pale nun and at the same time his defiance and rejection of her world in the song. One of the least studied aspects in the life of the poet, his repressed sexuality, is thrown into the light by this poem. One would be hard-pressed to find an Albanian author who has expressed his intimate impulses and desires in verse or prose. The figures of women, many of them unhappy prostitutes, abound with the figures of Migjeni, who betrays both pity and open sexual interest. The red lips and teary eyes catch his attention, the rest of the body is rarely described. There is a lot of passion and rapturous desire in his verse, but also a lot of disgust and sorrow. It is one of the bestial faces of misery described in the poem.Though he did not publish a single book during his lifetime, his works, which were privately and in the press of the period, were an immediate success. Modern literature can be found in Albania and other Albanian speaking territories. Soon, this literature would be nipped in the bud. Stalinism was defeated in Albania and the People's Republic was proclaimed in the year after the publication of Free Verse. It has been speculated as to what contribution <mask> might have made to Albanian letters had he lived longer. Most Albanian writers of talent in the late 1940s would have suffered the same fate as this individualist voice of genuine social protest. It can be internment, imprisonment or execution.His death preserved the writer for us. It's difficult to give a critical assessment of <mask>'s work because he was so young. Despite being generally admired, <mask> is not without critics. The range of his verse is not enough to allow us to call him a universal poet. There is a list of Albanian writers literature Albanian Sources References External links. Millosh Gjergj Nikolla is known as Migjeni. The bilingual edition 1911 births 1938 deaths Albanian-language poets and

masks: Migjeni Migjeni Migjeni


title: Gene Chen

texts: <mask> was a Chinese American martial artist. He was a master in Chu Gar Southern Praying Mantis and Chen-style t'ai chi ch'uan. <mask> was born in the Year of the Tiger. The family fled to Hong Kong due to the Chinese Revolution after World War II. When walking home from school, <mask> and his brothers would often be surrounded by neighborhood bully. <mask> did what he could to protect his brothers. <mask> decided that he needed to learn a system that he could use to defeat the bully.He wanted to learn Chu Yu Hing's style. <mask> first met Master Dong when he was a cook at a local school. Master Dong denied knowledge of martial arts. After <mask> made offerings of food and wine with his mother by his side, he was accepted as a student. After being introduced to Chu Yu Hing, <mask> devoted himself to learning the Southern Praying Mantis for 7 years. He had a passion for martial arts. <mask> and his family moved to the USA in 1959 and settled in San Francisco.He met a student of Yi Sui on the boat trip across the Pacific Ocean. As his father was going to America to help teach tai chi chuan, he wouldn't teach Mantis. They practiced martial arts together after he agreed to teach Taiji. <mask> worked to make a living and save money for his return trips to study in China. He disliked being confined inside an office and having to wear a shirt and tie, even though he was trained as a drafter. He served as a translator for Vietnamese refugees and worked as a bellhop after leaving drafting. <mask> had a wooden dummy in the storeroom of the Jack Tar Hotels so he could practice martial arts when things were slow.He traveled back to Hong Kong many times to get training with Yi Sui, Chu Yu Hing and Dong Yet Long. <mask> was given the title of Chief Instructor with certificate in 1970 and Chu Yu Hing was given the title of Instructor with certificate in 1971. He began his career as a martial arts teacher with his certificates. <mask> opened his first school in San Francisco. The class was moved to the

masks:
Gene Chen
Gene Chen
Gene
Gene
Gene
Gene
Gene
Gene
Gene Chen
Gene
Gene
Gene Chen
Gene


title: Gene Chen

texts: basement of the local Japanese church because of the high rent at the first location. <mask> closed the school in 1975 because the school wasn't giving him the financial return he wanted on his time and effort. He continued to teach at his house through 1980.<mask> enjoyed going to martial arts schools to test himself against other martial artists. His training with the praying mantis helped him in these encounters. Even though their interactions were often contentious and dramatic, <mask> remained close to his relatives and they were very important to him. He was always ready to help out his siblings, whether it was taking care of his sister's rental properties or driving his old VW Beetle down to Los Angeles to help his brother move. The lower floor of <mask>'s house was renovated to make it easier for his mother to live in. She lived at his home for 20 years. <mask> married.A daughter was born the next year. <mask> told his brother that the best times in his life were when he practiced martial arts with his students and saw his wife and daughter happy. The Southern Mantis is not suitable to teach to everyone because of its focus on fighting. He decided to pursue his study after giving up public teaching. In 1965, he learned the Chen-style t'ai chi ch'uan from his grandparents' former bodyguard. <mask> searched for the best Taiji teachers in China. <mask> began to study the Chen's Style with the help of the 18th generation Grand Master, <mask>i.<mask> was introduced by <mask>i. <mask> and Master Feng practiced pushing hands together a few days after Master Feng came to visit. <mask> received a letter after he returned to the USA. <mask> was noted in the letter as having natural ability, sensitivity and the relaxation to learn. He encouraged <mask> to continue his practice and praised him for his years of hard work. The year 1981 saw the death of <mask>i. <mask> continued his Taiji study after he returned to China.<mask> took evening lessons at Feng's home in Beijing since he was still

masks:
Gene
Gene
Gene
Gene
Gene
Gene
Gene
Gene
Chen Zhaoku
Gene
Chen Zhaoku
Gene
Gene Chen
Chen
Gene
Chen Zhaoku
Gene
Gene


title: Gene Chen

texts: working in the machine shop. <mask> became Master Feng's first disciple in 1982. <mask> traveled to China many times to continue his studies. <mask>'s name was included on a memorial tablet in the Chen Village in 1990 in recognition of his achievements in <mask>'s Taiji. The history of the <mask>'s Martial Art is told in this tablet, with his name listed among the most high-ranking practitioners of the style. <mask> spent time learning from Master Wang Peisheng and <mask>, as well as learning from Hong Junsheng. The Chen's Tai Chi Association USA was formed in 1982.His school used to meet in the evenings at the Fort Mason Center and on the weekends at Golden Gate Park. He taught a complete curriculum that included the first and second sets, as well as philosophy and history. He focused on developing root, peng and a proper centerline in the moves of the set. He emphasized using an undetectable intercept, catching of the opponent's energy and unbalancing them before issuing fa jin. His teachings went far beyond martial arts. Taiji was referred to as the art of all arts because it was based on the principles of nature. He would always give something of the Taiji philosophy when he was playing basketball, buying clothing or eating dim sum.He taught how to flow gracefully with the ups and downs of life and to enjoy the simple pleasures along the way, through his embodiment and explanation of the Taiji philosophy. In life, nothing is 100%, for everything changes, and even the most desperate situation has a seed of growth and hope. To explain the history and principles of <mask>'s Taiji to a Western audience was always a goal of <mask>'s. While working with a group of students, he put together and outline of the book and a series of extensive lecture notes that would serve as the chapters, but he never finished the project. He had articles published in national martial arts magazines throughout the years. There are 3 references. There are Tai chi practitioners from the United States who have

masks:
Gene Chen
Gene
Gene Chen
Chen
Chen
Gene
Chen Yuxia
Chen
Gene


title: Herbert von Dirksen

texts: The last German ambassador to Britain before World War II was <mask>. <mask> was born into a family of civil servants. Willibald's father was granted a large estate with Grditzberg Castle in Silesia as a reward for his services to the House of Hohenzollern. After his retirement, Willibald held a seat in the Reichstag for the anti-Semitic Reichspartei and was described as a "fanatical admirer" of Wilhelm II, who he visited frequently while in exile in the Netherlands. <mask>'s mother, Viktoria, was once helpful to Hitler, which benefited <mask>'s career during Nazi Germany. In his memoirs, <mask> boasted that he was proud of his Germanic blood, as the <mask> family had been ennobled in 1887, before a lot of Jew-tainted families were ennobled by the liberalistic Emperor Frederick III. <mask> was forced to undergo a strict training regime in order to be accepted by the Junkers, as the Dirksen were parvenu nobility, unlike the ancient Junker families.His father forced him to enter the civil service in Prussia so he could manage the family's estate. The snobbish <mask> was a member of the most exclusive Fraternity at the University of Heidelberg and he was proud to be a part of it. In 1907, he went on a tour around the world after graduating with a Referendar degree. After graduating from university, <mask> became a reserve officer with the Third Guard Uhlan regiment, which only accepted men from the aristocracy as officers. In 1910, after working as an assistant judge, <mask> went on a four-month trip to Rhodesia, South Africa and German East Africa, where he was thinking about moving. The Iron Cross, Second Class, was won by <mask> during World War I. <mask> was described as a correct and proper aristocrat with the right

masks:
Eduard Kurt Herbert von Dirksen
Dirksen
Dirksen
Dirksen
Dirksen
Dirksen
Herbert
Dirksen
Dirksen
Dirksen
Dirksen
Dirksen


title: Herbert von Dirksen

texts: connections but also a man who was slavishly loyal to those who held power by the American historian Carl Schorske.<mask> served in the Hague, Kiev, and Warsaw in the early 20th century. <mask> arrived in Warsaw in April 1920 to take up the post of chargé d'affaires. <mask>'s relations with the Poles were difficult as the chargé d'affaires of the German embassy in Warsaw. <mask> was the ambassador to Poland because Germany had no ambassador in Warsaw. Most of <mask>'s comments about Poland and Poles are negative in the chapter of his 1950 memoirs dealing with his time in Warsaw. <mask> wrote in his memoirs that he shared a deep-seeded feeling of superiority over the Pole inherent in the German. The fight between the Germans and Poles in Upper Silesia, which was supported by their respective national governments, caused strained relations between Berlin and Warsaw.<mask>'s sympathies for the Germans led him to insist that the parts of Silesia that voted to join Poland should not be allowed to leave Germany. <mask> left Warsaw in October of 1921 to head up the Polish desk. The Free City of Danzig had a German consul named <mask> from 1923 to 1925. Poland should have its independence restored with secure access to the Baltic Sea according to the fourteenth of Wilson's Fourteen Points. The Allies compromised by creating the Free City of Danzig, an independent city-state under the protection of the League of Nations, which allowed Poland to annex Danzig despite being mostly German. The Poles were unwilling to see any change in Danzig's status, even though most people in Danzig wanted to return to Germany. <mask> was often at odds with the Poles.The "postbox war" was fought over whether the postboxes in Danzig should be

masks: Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen


title: Herbert von Dirksen

texts: painted red and white or black. It was a victory for the right-wing inclinations of the Danzig Senate. The Free City of Danzig was governed by that person. <mask>, who was the head of the Polish sub-desk at the Eastern desk, played a key role in formulating German policy towards Poland. <mask> suggested that Germany and the "Anglo-Saxon powers" should weaken the Polish economy in order to make Poland as weak as possible. Poland was portrayed as an aggressive and expansionist state that was a menace to the peace of Europe because of rumors of Polish military movements towards the German frontier. If world opinion was turned against Poland, <mask> argued that Germany's chances of regaining the Polish Corridor would be better.The State Secretary of the Auswrtiges Amt argued against making loans to Germany if the Poles did not return the Corridor and Upper. Schubert argued that since war with Poland was not yet practical, Germany should make loans to Poland in order to weaken Poland economically and reduce the Polish military budget until Germany could take back the lost lands. <mask> argued that taking back the lands lost to Poland was doable without force and that Germany should not make any loans to Poland. Stresemann ordered Friedrich Sthamer, the German ambassador to the Court of St. James's, to lobby the Bank of England to not lend to Poland. The Treaty of Versailles was too harsh on Germany and Norman was willing to support Germans efforts to revise Versailles by denying Poland loans. In November 1925, <mask> lamented that war with Poland was not possible because of the Treaty of Versailles and the Franco-Polish Alliance. He would be in favor of launching a war against Poland if only Germany was rearmed.On December

masks: Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen


title: Herbert von Dirksen

texts: 29, 1925, <mask> wrote a memo to Stresemann arguing that Germany should annex all of Poland that had been part of Germany in 1914. If the Germans were willing to give up their claim on the Polish city of Pozna, Germany's chances of regaining the mostly-German city of Danzig would be higher. <mask> was adamant that Posen had been German and would be so again and wrote that he did not feel that Germany should compromise in any way on its claims on the lands that once were German. The German view was that the treaty was only for public relations to portray Germany as the peaceful partner in its relations with Poland. <mask> became the Ministerial Director of the East Division of the Foreign Office in 1928 after a major promotion. <mask> attended a secret conference in Berlin with a General who was pressing for an invasion of Poland. <mask> argued that a German-Polish war without the intervention of France or the other powers was very unlikely.<mask> told Blomberg that his belief that the "spirit of Locarno" had improved Franco-German relations was a lie. <mask> was appointed as Germany's Ambassador to the Soviet Union in 1928. <mask> wrote in his memoirs that the Soviet Union and Germany were both treated as "outlaws" by the Allied powers. Both felt resentment or enmity to their new neighbor Poland. <mask>'s views towards the Soviets were pragmatic, as he went on to write that as a German and therefore a "civilized European", he felt "contempt and abhorrence" towards communism and Russians. The Treaty of Versailles forbade the development of weapons that were forbidden by Versailles. He wanted German-Soviet military co-operation to be kept within its "proper limits".The subject of the secret German-Soviet co-operation had

masks: Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen


title: Herbert von Dirksen

texts: strained relations with France, which did not appreciate Germany breaking Versailles to develop forbidden weapons that would one day be used against it. <mask> wanted private German companies to work for the German state in the development of weapons in the Soviet Union. He worried that more revelations of German covert rearmament in the Soviet Union would make it harder for the Germans to have Versailles revised in their favor. The German view is that persuading France that Germany did not plan to start another world war was the key to revising Versailles. In his first speech in Moscow, in January 1929, <mask> hailed the First Five-year Plan and promised that Germany would do everything within its power to help the Soviets achieve the targets set out by the plan. <mask> and Chicherin had good relations, as <mask> regarded Chicherin as pro-German. <mask> disliked Litvinov because he was not really a follower of the Rapallo policy as Chicherin had been and also was a Jew.<mask> argued in his memoirs that the foreign policy inclinations of Litvinov had little influence on Stalin until 1933. <mask> negotiated long-term credits for German businesses to sell machinery to the Soviet Union. German-Soviet relations did not develop as <mask> hoped. By the early 1930s, the Soviets had grown tired of the way in which the Germans used the threat to get concessions from Britain and France. The German Protestant middle classes were afraid that the German Communist Party would use the unemployed people from the Great Depression to stage a revolution. The Protestant middle class voted for the Nazi Party in 1930 in order to crush Marxism in Germany. <mask> was warned by the German Foreign Minister that as long as the Kremlin supported


title: Herbert von Dirksen

texts: the Communists and as long as the German middle classes were obsessed with the fear of a communist revolution, he would be in trouble.According to reports, the policies of forced collectivisation imposed by the First Five-year Plan made it politically toxic for Germany to get too close to the Soviet Union. <mask> still believed that the Soviet Union was a counterbalance to the West. The main enemy was still Poland, and the Soviet Union was useful as a potential ally, he wrote. The "Hitler Mothers" emerged in the 1920s, after Hitler inspired a fierce maternal love in older, upper-class women. They were older women from a well-off background who pampered Hitler by giving him tea and chocolates. Hitler could meet all of her upper-class friends, as well as her son, the German ambassador to the Soviet Union, at the salon launched by <mask>'s mother. <mask> was worried that the anti-communist rhetoric of the Nazis could damage German-Soviet relations.<mask> Blow sought to assure Dirksen that the National Socialists faced with responsibility are different people and follow a different policy. That has always been the case with all parties. Despite Blow's assessment, German–Soviet relations began to decline. <mask> is more than a civil servant to the Nazis, according to Schorske. In May 1933, <mask> had a meeting with Hitler in which he advised him that he allowed relations with the Soviet Union to get out of hand. <mask> was disappointed when Hitler told him that he wanted an anti-Soviet understanding with Poland. <mask> was described as a vain and arrogant man who believed strongly in German co-operation with any country he was assigned to.His memory was sometimes poor, and his predictions frequently incorrect, but his

masks:
Dirksen
Dirksen
Dirksen
Prince von
Dirksen
Dirksen
Dirksen
Dirksen


title: Herbert von Dirksen

texts: observations on the situation in countries to which he was accredited were generally accurate. <mask> argued in his memoirs that there were two different fractions in the Narkomindel, a "pro-French" fraction and a "pro-German" fraction. In August 1933, <mask> was warned that the state of German–Soviet relations would depend on how friendly Germany was towards the Soviet Union. In September 1933, a major crisis occurred in relations when journalists from Tass and Izvestia covering the Reichstag Fire trial in Leipzig were beaten up by the SA, and Hitler's response to the Soviet note of protest against the assault of the Soviet journalists was an explicit threat Hitler took certain steps to reduce tension with the Soviet Union and did not break off diplomatic relations with Moscow after being warned that trade with the Soviet Union provided Germany with raw materials needed for rearmament. As <mask> continued to push for a rapprochement with the Soviet Union, Hitler decided to make him his new ambassador in Japan. He became the German Ambassador to Japan in October 1933.On 18 October 1933, <mask> met Hitler and gained the impression that he favored the recognition of Manchukuo. At Grditzberg, Hitler met <mask>. <mask> became involved with the efforts of a shady German businessman, drug dealer, Nazi Party member and friend of Gring, Ferdinand Heye, to become Special Trade Commissioner in Manchukuo after arriving in Tokyo. <mask>'s support for Heye's schemes for a monopoly of Manchurian soybeans brought him into conflict with his superior, <mask> Neurath, who preferred closer relations to China than to Japan. Relations with both Japan and China were tested by the question of recognition of Manchukuo. Neurath countered

masks:
Dirksen
Dirksen
Dirksen
Dirksen
Dirksen
Dirksen
Dirksen
Baron von


title: Herbert von Dirksen

texts: <mask>'s argument that Germany did more trade with China than Manchukuo and that it would hurt Germany's relations with China. On December 18, 1933, <mask> was invited by the Japanese to visit Manchukuo to meet Emperor Puyi, but the projected visit was vetoed by Neurath.<mask> sent his economic counselor to Manchukuo to meet Puyi, a meeting that was widely taken to indicate that Germany would soon recognise Manchukuo, which caused furious protests from China. After <mask>'s lobbying, Heye was appointed by Hitler to be his special trade commissioner in Manchukuo and given the authority to negotiate a trade agreement, but Hitler denied that recognition of Manchukuo was imminent. <mask> was told that German policy was not to recognize Manchukuo but to seek trade advantages. <mask> continued his pro-Japanese line despite the setbacks by declaring his sympathy for Japan's plans for the Greater East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere in return for which he expected German corporations to be allowed to play a prominent role. <mask>'s claims that Germany would profit from the Greater East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere were questioned by supporters of a pro- Chinese policy. Heye told the Japanese that he would be the first German ambassador in Hsinking. Heye wanted a monopoly over all German business and investments in Manchukuo through a corporation run by himself and an industrialist who would charge a 10% fee on all profits.Heye, acting on his own, informed the Japanese that German recognition of Manchukuo would soon happen, a claim that strained German relations with both the Chinese and the Japanese. February 1935 was when the dispute was finally settled. <mask> believed that the Japanese plans for a "New Order in Asia" were in line

masks: Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen


title: Herbert von Dirksen

texts: with Germany's plans for a "New Order in Europe". In one dispatch to Berlin, <mask> wrote, "It seems to be a psychological imperative and one dictated by reasons of state that these two great powers, who are combatting the status quo and promoting the dynamism of living forces, should reach an agreement." The American historian Robert Wistrich wrote that <mask> was an egocentric, ambitious and embittered man who complained that Hitler failed to appreciate him. <mask> said that he liked the company of only Aryans and that he never had any Jewish friends. <mask> finally made it to Changchun in April 1936 and concluded a trade agreement with Germany that did not constitute de jure German recognition of Manchukuo, which the Reich continued to proclaim to remain part of China.<mask> objected to the visit to China of General Walther <mask>, one of Hitler's favorite generals, because he thought it would offend Japan. <mask> emerged as one of the proponents of signing the Anti-Comintern Pact with Japan, which caused tensions with the Wehrmacht, which opposed the pact, and Neurath. <mask> advocated Germany choosing Japan over China. <mask> argued that the Chinese Communists would win the Chinese Civil War because the Kuomintang was corrupt and disorganized. <mask> said a Communist China would ally itself with the Soviet Union and both would invade Europe. <mask> believed that there was a strong power in the form of Japan that was willing and able to impose "order" on the Chinese and stop communism in Asia. The formation of the "united front" of the Chinese Communist Party and the Kuomintang to resist any further Japanese incursions on China was reported to Berlin by <mask>, who predicted that the Japanese would strike China.The

masks:
Dirksen
Dirksen
Dirksen
Dirksen
Dirksen
von Reichenau
Dirksen
Dirksen
Dirksen
Dirksen
Dirksen
Dirksen


title: Herbert von Dirksen

texts: Marco Polo incident began the Second Sino-Japanese War. According to <mask>, his Japanese hosts were upset that Germany was the largest supplier of arms to China and that officers of the German military mission were training the Chinese National Revolutionary Army to fight against the Imperial Japanese Army. In response to <mask>'s suggestion for the German military mission to be recalled from China, the War Minister proposed sending officers to the military mission in China. <mask> was involved in attempts to end the Sino-Japanese war. There was a power struggle within the German government after the war because the Wehrmacht and the Amt supported China. <mask>, a pro-Japanese voice in the pro-Chinese Auswrtiges Amt, feared that his career might become marginalized, as Neurath was annoyed at <mask>'s support for the pro-Japanese Ribbentrop, which led <mask> to suggest German mediation to Neurath thought he might lose out in the power struggle with Ribbentrop and took up the idea of mediation.Hitler was indecisive about which side to support. Japanese Foreign Minister Kki Hirota gave <mask> a set of peace terms, which <mask> sent to Neurath, who in turn passed them along to the German ambassador in China. On December 7, 1937, <mask> met with Hirota to report that Chiang Kai-shek was willing to make peace with Japan if China did not lose any more territory but was otherwise open to "peace talks on the basis of Japanese peace conditions". Japan never stated any war aims other than to "chastise" the Chinese in the "holy war" waged for the sake of the god-emperor of Japan. The Japanese cabinet met to begin discussions of the peace terms that would be sought, but on 13 December 1937, the Japanese Army took the Chinese


title: Herbert von Dirksen

texts: capital of Nanjing, which caused a euphoric mood in Tokyo. The Japanese Prime Minister decided to escalate the war by making peace terms that he knew would not be accepted by the military. <mask> remarked that the Japanese peace terms seemed to be written in order to inspire the Chinese to reject them.<mask> said that if Germany had to choose between Japan and China, it would go to Japan. The German military mission from China was recalled, arms sales to China were stopped, and German corporations were allowed to invest only in Japanese-occupied northern China. Weinberg described <mask>bentrop's China policy" who did much to ensure the final German recognition of Manchukuo in 1938. As part of Hitler's control of the foreign policy and military, Neurath was removed as foreign minister and replaced by Ribbentrop, the ambassador to Britain. The purge also removed several senior generals and diplomats. <mask> was rewarded for asking for a new post by being made the German ambassador to Britain and replacing Ribbentrop. <mask> got along well with Stahmer, the chief of the Asian desk of Ribbentrop, because <mask> supported his pro-Japanese line against Neurath.Ribbentrop wanted to promote General Eugen Ott, the German military attache to Japan, as ambassador to force the Japanese to reciprocate, and to promote his very good friend, General shima Hiroshi, the Japanese military attache to Germany. shima was the only diplomat who liked Ribbentrop. The German ambassador to Italy was removed by Hitler on February 4, 1938. It was thought that <mask> would replace Hassell. Hitler wanted to replace Ribbentrop, the German ambassador to Britain, with Baron Eberhard <mask>, the German ambassador to Spain. Papen had to stay in Vienna

masks:
Dirksen
Dirksen
Dirksenib
Dirksen
Dirksen
Dirksen
Dirksen
von Stohrer


title: Herbert von Dirksen

texts: because of the crisis that led to the Anschluss. Hitler decided to keep the man who was able to get along with the prickly General Francisco Franco.Count Hans Georg <mask> was demoted from State Secretary and appointed the German ambassador in Rome to replace Hassell, as he was Neurath's son-in-law, which made him stay on as State Secretary unacceptable to Ribbentrop. The German embassy in Britain was one of the most prestigious "grand embassies" in the world, and his appointment was a major promotion for <mask>. The appointment of <mask> as ambassador to the Court of St. James's was very much welcomed by the British as he was a professional diplomat. He was appointed as the German Ambassador to Britain on April 7, 1938. <mask> disliked Ribbentrop so much that he despised him as "an unwholesome, half-comical figure". During his term of office in London, <mask> wrote that Hitler never bothered to follow up on British offers of negotiations. The Foreign Policy of Hitler's Germany: Starting World War II 1937–39', Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1980 page 100, was published in 1980.He was still loyal to Czechoslovakia even though he demanded wide-ranging autonomy for the Sudetenland. The Karlsbad Programme was secretly drafted in March at a meeting between Hitler and Henlein. The crisis in Central Europe began because of that. The apparent moderation of Germany to demand only autonomy for the Sudetenland masked a sinister purpose to make it appear that Czechoslovakia was intransigent by refusing to grant autonomy for the Sudetenland. "We must always demand so much that we can never be satisfied" was promised by Henlein to Hitler. On 3 May 1938, <mask> presented his accreditation to King George VI at Buckingham Palace

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von Mackensen
Dirksen
Dirksen
Dirksen
Dirksen
Dirksen


title: Herbert von Dirksen

texts: and became the ambassador to Britain. After arriving in London, <mask> said that the speech of the British Prime Minister had closed the door on further Anglo-German talks for a resolution of European problems.At his first meeting with the Foreign Secretary, <mask> assured him that his government was very anxious to keep things quiet in Czechoslovakia. The Czechoslovak President Edvard Bene was to be urged by London and Paris to make concessions to the Sudeten Heimatfront. <mask> wanted to show the British that the Sudeten Heimatfront was reasonable. The Czechs were "oppressing" the ethnic Germans of the Sudetenland by forcing them to attend schools where they were taught in Czech. He admitted that if the Karlsbad Programme was not accepted by the Czechs, Germany would invade the country. At a luncheon hosted by the National Labour MP Harold Nicolson, Henlein met with various backbenchers from all parties, where he impressed them with his charm and mild-mannered ways. General Edward Spears, a Conservative, expressed concern about the Karlsbad Programme since it stated that the Czech Republic should harm its foreign policy with Berlin's and that it should be a National Socialist.The Foreign Office warned <mask> that Germany should not attempt to resolve the Sudetenland dispute by war. In the May crisis, <mask> reported to Berlin that Britain probably would go to war with Germany if they invaded Czechoslovakia. In the event of a European conflict, it was impossible to know whether Britain would be drawn into it. According to <mask>, Halifax was unwilling to say that Britain would go to war if Germany attacked Czechoslovakia. <mask> was friendly with the American ambassador to Britain. <mask> reported anti-Semitic remarks


title: Herbert von Dirksen

texts: from Kennedy to Berlin. Kennedy told Dirksen that Germany wanted to get rid of the Jews because they were harmful to the country.Dieksen knew that he failed as ambassador to Britain because he had always felt obliged to say that Ribbentrop was not an Anglophobe. Ribbentrop still wanted to establish closer relations with our two countries. Schorske wrote that everything <mask> had said about Ribbentrop had been lies, as Ribbentrop had emerged as the loudest anti-British voice in the German government and was convinced that Germany and Britain were destined to go to war again. <mask> wrote to Berlin about the "psychotic" British people, who were willing to go to war with Germany. The British people have changed their attitude towards war since 1936. Should the government show them that this is necessary, they are ready to fight. <mask> warned that the excitement of the last weeks as mere bluff might turn out to be a fatal error if the British were to push him into war.<mask> wrote that if Germany was seen to be threatening the balance of power in Europe, the Chamberlain cabinet would go to war, and that British appeasement was based on "the one condition that Germany would endeavor to achieve these ends by." <mask> ended his dispatch of 8 June with a predication that the Sudetenland would join Germany if it was done after a referendum and not interrupted by forcible measures on the part of Germany. <mask> told the Gauleiter of Danzig that Britain wanted a peaceful resolution of the Czechoslovak Crisis, but he believed that Britain would go to war if Germany attacked Czechoslovakia. <mask> met with the French ambassador to Britain. <mask> told Corbin that the British believed that the destruction of an air war was


title: Herbert von Dirksen

texts: inevitable because of German aggression. The 1924 French-Czechoslovak Alliance, which committed France to go to war with any nation that attacked Czechoslovakia, should not be taken lightly by France, according to <mask>. <mask> had complained to him that public opinion was against Germany.The Third Reich's internal feuds caught <mask> off guard. <mask> welcomed the secret visit to London of Hitler's personal adjutant, who were there to represent Gring, who wanted to arrange a visit to London to seek a peaceful solution to the Sudetenland dispute. As chief of the Four-year Plan Organisation, Gring detested Ribbentrop because he felt that Germany was not ready for a general war. When <mask> told Ribbentrop that he was in London, Gring's attempt to undermine foreign policy was ruined. That enraged Ribentrop, who insisted that foreign policy was the only preserve of the Amt. In August of 1938, <mask> went to Berlin to tell Hitler that Britain would go to war if Germany invaded Czechoslovakia, but the Fhrer was not interested in the message. Hitler mostly ignored <mask> in August and September 1938, but <mask> was in contact with several other Nazis and worried that Hitler might cause a general war if he went ahead with his plans to invade Czechoslovakia.At the Nuremberg party congress in September of 1938, <mask> met Hitler and told him of his fears of a general war and his belief that the British were prepared to pressure the Czechoslovak government into ceding the Sudetenland to Germany as a price for peace. Hitler was not interested in a peaceful resolution of the Sudetenland dispute. Hitler made a speech at the congress in September of 1938 in which he claimed the Sudetenland if it was not allowed to return to Germany


title: Herbert von Dirksen

texts: by October. <mask> was the face of Germany in Britain in 1938, and he played a small role in the crisis that led to the Munich Agreement. <mask> had a good relationship with the British elite. Many of the British policymakers he met were impressed by his insistence that Hitler was only wanted to correct the injustice of Versailles. <mask>, with his perfect gentleman's manners, made a good impression in London, unlike Ribbentrop, who was arrogant and ignorant.<mask> was told by Ribbentrop that the Anglo-German Declaration did not mean anything to Hitler. <mask> was told to act as if the declaration was important. In a dispatch to Berlin, <mask> reported that the British public reaction to Hitler's speech had been very negative. Since his speeches raised their profile in the British press, <mask> advised Hitler to stop attacking two Conservative backbenchers in the House of Commons. <mask> reported that based on his meetings with members of the British cabinet, he believed that the British government was trying to improve relations with Germany. The British offer of "disarmament" in the 1930s was advised by <mask>. He predicted that it would lead to the return of the former African colonies to Germany.The German media campaign against British rearmament was instigated by the Foreign Minister, according to the State Secretary of the Amt. The "striking" aspect of the line of Anglo-German negotiations that <mask> wanted to pursue in October 1938 did not reflect Hitler's priorities, according to Schorske. <mask> visited the English countryside in the last two weekends of October to meet Sir Samuel Hoare and Leslie Burgin. According to Dirksen, both Hoare and Burgin wanted talks about an Anglo-German treaty to end the arms

masks: Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen


title: Herbert von Dirksen

texts: race, another treaty to "humanise" air war with bombing of cities and chemical weapons, and a colonial settlement to return the former German colonies in Africa. The last is often cited by Soviet historians as proof of their thesis that the Cabinet was obsessed with provoking a German-Soviet war. Hoare's ill-chosen remarks made it clear that the offer of a guarantee was intended to disarm any German arguments that Soviet strength in the air necessitated the maintenance of a large German Luftwaffe. Things are moving quickly, but not in the direction of Anglo-German rapprochement, as Weizscker wrote to <mask> three weeks after the Munich Agreement.The Kristallnacht damaged Germany's image in Britain but no moral condemnation of the pogrom was made. <mask> announced in December of 1938 that his government would use the clauses in the Anglo-Naval Agreement to build a submarine fleet equal to Britain's and upgrade two of them to 8-inch guns. <mask> wanted to negotiate a series of Anglo-German economic agreements as the starting point for Anglo-German relations. <mask> was present at the formal dinner of the correspondents of the German News Agency in London in December of 1938. <mask> led all of the assembled German journalists to walk out in protest after he interpreted the remark of "futility of ambition, if ambition leads to the desire for domination" as an implied criticism of Hitler. <mask> opened talks with the Foreign Office for an Anglo-German coal agreement. The January 1939 Anglo-German economic talks were a smokescreen for the anti-British turn in Hitler's foreign policy.The five-year Plan Z was supposed to destroy the Royal Navy by 1944. The Z Plan called for six H-class battleships with 20-inch guns that would

masks: Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen


title: Herbert von Dirksen

texts: have been the largest battleships ever built, dwarfing even Japan's Yamato class battleships, which were actually the largest battleships ever built, with their 18-inch guns. It took a period of Anglo-German peace to build such huge battleships. There was a contradiction in Hitler's strategic planning in 1939 between embarking on an anti-British foreign policy, which would take several years to build, and engaging in reckless short-term bombing. Because of his status as an expert on Britain, Ribbentrop was able to advise Hitler that Britain would not go to war for Poland in 1939. In February 1939, <mask> invited Sir Oliver Stanley, the president of the Board of Trade, to visit Germany for economic talks in Berlin, which was seen as a sign that Germany wanted better relations with London. <mask> tried to have the Economics Minister visit London for talks, but it was vetoed by Ribbentrop as a threat to his turf.<mask> told the British Foreign Secretary that the anti-British campaign in the German media was only a negotiating tactic and not a preparation for war. <mask> said that Ribbentrop was willing to come to London personally to sign an Anglo-German nonaggression pact. In early March 1939, <mask> was told by Ribbentrop that Germany would violate the Munich Agreement later that month by occupying the Czech half of Czecho-Slovakia and that it would be German by the middle of the month. On his return to London on March 9, 1939, <mask> recalled that he found the same optimistic mood that had prevailed in February. It was obvious that the British government was very important to Stanely's visit to Berlin. <mask> welcomed London Gertrud Scholtz-Klink, who ran the party's women's branch and had come to Britain to study

masks: Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen


title: Herbert von Dirksen

texts: "social conditions" affecting British women. Hitler praised Scholtz-Klink as the ideal National Socialist woman.The dinner to welcome Scholtz-Klink at the Claridge's by the Anglo-German Association was attended by an impressive collection of British high-society women. The British women were interested in what Scholtz-Klink had to say, but the fact that she spoke no English made it difficult for them to understand. British feminists protested outside the German embassy in London with signs that read, "Freedom for the women of Hitler's concentration camps". On 15 and 16 March 1939, after the German occupation of the Czech half of Czecho-Slovakia, <mask> received warnings that Britain would go to war to resist any Germany attempt to dominate the world. <mask>'s meetings with Halifax were described as "stormy", as he was chided for how his government had just violated the agreement. The Treaty of Versailles was unjust to the Reich and the destruction of Czecho-Slovakia was justified as Germany was undoing the "unjust" terms of Versailles. <mask> was told that keeping a promise was the mark of men of honour and that his government had promised to respect the sovereignty of Czecho-Slovakia.The gentleman do not lie to each other was told to Dirksen by an aristocracy from Yorkshire, who felt a certain affinity for <mask>. In his reports to Berlin, <mask> toned down Halifax's language and remarks, especially the parts in which he criticized Dirksen for lying to him. The British transcripts showed that Halifax was angry more than <mask>'s reports would suggest. If Germany wanted to dominate the world, Britain would go to war, rather than accepting a world dominated by the Reich, according to a speech delivered in March 1939. In


title: Herbert von Dirksen

texts: his speech, he wondered if Germany had taken a step in the direction to dominate the world by force. He went on to say if Germany wanted to challenge Britain for world domination that "no greater mistake could be made than to suppose that because it believes war to be a cruel thing, this nation has so lost its fibre that it will not take part to the utmost of its abilities." <mask> wrote that it would be wrong to think that a fundamental change has not taken place in Britain's attitude to Germany.In the spring and summer of 1939 <mask> was torn between his desire to see a war that would wipe Poland off the map and his fear of starting a world war that Germany might lose. <mask> supported the German plan to invade Poland and called for the destruction of the country. <mask> believed in the justice of Hitler's anti-Polish policy. Like most German nationalists, he held the Poles in complete contempt, a contempt fortified in his case by his service in Warsaw and Danzig. The peace of the world was placed in the hands of minor Polish officials and military men when Britain guaranteed Poland on March 31, 1939, according to <mask>. <mask>'s policy in the Danzig Crisis was to allow Germany to attack Poland without fear of British involvement. In 1939 <mask> tried to get Britain to give up its "guarantee" of Poland in order to stop a war against Poland.<mask> attacked the British quite violently for being so "foolish" as to make a "guarantee" of a people who, he said, were "Polish adventurism and moral turpitude". <mask> told Weizscker that he wanted to educate the English about the nature of the Polish state and our claims to Danzig and the Corridor. <mask> said that all Germans were "unanimously determined to parry this danger


title: Herbert von Dirksen

texts: of encirclement and not to tolerate a repetition of 1914", on the British efforts to create a "peace front" to "contain" Germany. Despite <mask>'s attempts to argue that the Free City of Danzig should be allowed to return to the Reich, the British were not receptive to his appeals in 1939. The German embassy in Britain received packages containing diplomatic cables from the Foreign Office to the British embassy in the Soviet Union on a weekly basis. They were edited to make it appear that Anglo-Soviet relations were better than they were, and that the talks to have the Soviet Union join the "peace front" were going well. <mask> didn't know the origin of the packages or their contents, but he gave them to Berlin and said that intelligence might be useful.The Soviets read all of the Foreign Office's cables throughout the 1930s because two cipher clerks in the Foreign Office independently sold their codes to the Soviet secret police. The packages were from the NKVD, which wanted to make it appear that an Anglo-Soviet alliance was in the offering as a way of frightening Germany to come to terms with Moscow. According to <mask>, the Reich should have no illusions about Britain's willingness to go to war, and that if Germany attacked Poland, Britain would go to war. According to an angry dirsken, Germany had no intention of invading Poland and had fallen victim to anti-German hysteria. The British attempts to build a "peace front" were blocked by the question of including the Soviet Union. Sir William Seeds, the British ambassador to the Soviet Union, was instructed by the cabinet to open discussions on a military alliance. According to Dirken, the talks with the Soviets had begun with the greatest reluctance and that he was

masks: Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen


title: Herbert von Dirksen

texts: not keen on an alliance with the Soviet Union.According to <mask>, the British were afraid that Germany might succeed in keeping Soviet Russia neutral or even inducing her to adopt benevolent neutrality. It would have meant the complete collapse of the encirclement action. <mask>, in a dispatch to Berlin, reported that his efforts to turn the British against the "guarantee" of Poland were bearing fruit, and that he believed the British government to be moving away from the "encirclement" of Germany. On the same day that British public opinion was caught up in anti-German hysteria, <mask> reported that public opinion was in a "state of flux" since the full implications of war with Germany had started to be felt. As evidence, <mask> quoted to Weizscker from several letters to the editor of The Times attacking the Poles for refusing to allow Danzig to return to Germany and 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 According to <mask>, a surprise initiative on the part of Chamberlain is within the bounds of probability and it is quite possible that he will approach Germany with new proposals after the completion of the negotiations with the Russians. The proposed alliance with the Soviet Union that would form the eastern anchor of the "peace front" was just a negotiating tactic for aMunich-type deal to resolve the Danzig Crisis, rather than to deter Germany from invading Poland, according to Dirksen.British public opinion would come to understand the "justice" of the


title: Herbert von Dirksen

texts: German demand for the Free City of Danzig to be allowed to return to Germany. As soon as the proper conditions exist, the wave of excitement will ebb. A quieter atmosphere in England will allow a more unprejudiced examination of the German viewpoint. The germs of this are present. There is a desire within the Cabinet and a small group of politicians to pass on the positive vibes of the encirclement front to a more constructive policy towards Germany. Chamberlain's personality is a guarantee that a British policy will not be placed in the hands of unscrupulous adventurers. <mask> explained the British efforts to build a "peace front" to Berlin as a result of a dual policy by the government.England wants by means of acquisition of allies to make herself strong and equal to the Axis, but at the same time she wants by means of negotiation to seek an adjustment with Germany and is prepared to make sacrifice for it. <mask> complained that Ribbentrop's relentless Anglophobia made Anglo-German relations worse by making Ribbentrop persist in presenting to Hitler every move in British foreign policy. <mask> told the Foreign Office in an off-the-record meeting that a high-level Englishman who was fluent in German, the only language Hitler spoke, should visit Berlin to tell him that an Anglo-German rapprochement was still possible. The meeting of the International Whaling Conference in London in July of 1939 was attended by the deputy in the Four- Year Plan Organisation, and the next day he and <mask> met the Chief Industrial. Wilson decided to talk to Wohlthat of the Four- Year Plan Organisation instead of the Auswrtiges Amt since the latter was run by the Anglophobic Ribbentrop. Wilson offered a German promise not to attack

masks: Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen


title: Herbert von Dirksen

texts: Poland and a "renunciation of aggression in principle" as a way of resolving international disputes in exchange for <mask> allowing the Wilson-Wohlthat meetings to go ahead. Wilson said that the onus was on the Reich to reduce tension with Poland, not the other way around, and that he regarded Germany as the source of the tension between Germany and Poland.<mask> was told the same thing at the same time. Wilson's account of the meeting to the Foreign Office suggested that neither <mask> nor Wohlthat had been given the "Programme for German-British Cooperation". Hudson visited the German embassy to meet <mask> and Wohlthat. Hudson, an ambitious civil servant and former Conservative MP who was addicted to intrigue, acted on his own in the hope of scoring a great success to help his otherwise-stalled career. Hudson talked about having Danzig rejoin Germany if he promised to leave Poland alone. According to Hudson's notes, in exchange for a German promise not to invade Poland and for ending the Anglo-German arms race, a plan would have the industrialists who ran the heavy industry of Germany, Britain and the United States work together in the economic development of China, Eastern Europe He said that if Hitler learned to think in economic terms, a lot would be possible.Hudson, who thought he had saved the world from another world war by his visit to the German embassy, showed his notes to a group of journalists and told them off the record. Hudson asked the journalists not to publish yet since his plan needed more time, but two of them decided that the story was news and decided to publish. On July 22, 1939, The Daily Telegraph and The News Chronicle broke the story that Britain had offered Germany a loan worth hundreds of


title: Herbert von Dirksen

texts: millions of pound sterling in exchange for not attacking Poland. The public reaction to the story was negative, with most of the press calling Hudson's proposed loan "Danegeld". "paying the Danegeld" in England has implied weakness and cowardice for those who would rather bribe their way out of trouble." Hudson's proposed loan to Germany was called a "coward" by the British newspapers. The British House of Commons was told that no such loan was being considered and that Hudson was speaking for himself.<mask> advised on 24 July 1939 to take up Wilson's offer to discuss how best to have Danzig peacefully return to Germany and said that unless the Reich made a move soon, "Churchill and the other incendiaries" in the backbench. <mask> thought it was possible to reach an Anglo-German deal with Gring, who was more pragmatic than Ribbentrop. The Hudson affair had reduced <mask>'s room to maneuver and it was difficult to contact him after he returned to Germany. The report that Wohlthat gave to Gring on his return to Berlin in late July was finally seen by <mask> in late August. <mask> hid his role to protect himself from Ribbentrop, who he knew would disapprove of the Wilson-Wohlthat meetings. The British had no business in talking to one of Gring's men and demanded any negotiations conducted by the British to pass by, according to Ribbentrop's message to <mask>. <mask> was able to save himself by presenting Wilson as the one who initiated the talks, which he portrayed to Ribbentrop to be a sign of British weakness.Ribbentrop wanted a war in 1939 because he wanted to resolve the German-Polish dispute. Ribbentrop's great fear in 1939 was that the Poles might allow the Free City of Danzig to return to Germany, so he ordered the


title: Herbert von Dirksen

texts: German ambassador not to conduct talks with the Poles. Weizscker sent <mask> a cable asking if the British were serious about severing their commitments to Poland after Ribbentrop ordered <mask> to sabotage the Wilson-Wohlthat talks. <mask> sent Weizscker a cable stating that leading personages in London were willing to abandon Poland if Germany promised not to take Danzig by force. The continuation of negotiations for a pact with Russia, despite the dispatch of a military mission, is regarded here with skepticism. The admiral, the general, and the air general are all combat officers, and the air general is an outstanding instructor. The value of the military mission is more to determine the fighting value of the Soviet Army than to make operational arrangements.In observing a surprising skepticism in British military circles about the forthcoming talks with the Soviet armed forces, the Wehrmacht attachés agreed. <mask> noted that the British military mission to the Soviet Union, which was headed by Sir Reginald Aylmer, was taking a ship that was not noted for its speed. Ribbentrop used <mask>'s report to argue to Hitler that the British were unwilling to go war for Poland and that <mask>'s report would win him the war. <mask> had his last meeting with Wilson. The differing accounts left by <mask> and Wilson are hard to reconcile. According to Wilson's account, Germany had to take the initiative to end the Danzig crisis and that he pressed <mask> on why Hitler was not acting on the back channel that he opened to try to end the crisis. Wilson's warnings of war were portrayed by <mask> as an expression of British fear of German might.According to Wilson, <mask> proposed an agenda of items that would interest Hitler,


title: Herbert von Dirksen

texts: according to <mask>, Wilson confirmed what he had suggested to Wohlthat. The proposed Anglo-German non-aggression pact would end the "guarantee" to Poland and the negotiations with the Soviet Union, with the clear implication that Germany would have all of Eastern Europe, in exchange for leaving the British Empire alone. Wilson wanted the Anglo-German talks to be held in secret in Switzerland as any leak would anger the British people and bring down the government, a statement that does not appear in Wilson's notes. According to the American historian, <mask> had no reason to fabricate an offer from Wilson that would have seen Britain abandon Poland. The British historian D.C. Watt argued that there was no evidence that the British wanted to sign a pact that would have brought down the government. <mask> reported that British public opinion was tired of appeasement and that Britain would go to war if Germany attacked Poland. The British "guarantee" of Poland issued on 31 March 1939 was only for the independence of Poland, not of its borders, and <mask> believed that a similar deal could be done for the Free City of Danzig.<mask> told Berlin that Britain would back down if Germany invaded Poland. The social structure of Britain, even the conception of the British Empire, would not survive the chaos of a victorious war, as reported by <mask> in August 1939. The effect of <mask>'s messages was to convince Hitler that any attack on Poland would only lead to a German–Polish War. Ribbentrop ordered his ambassadors in London, Paris and Warsaw to not be present at their posts to prevent any British offer from stopping the war. After arriving in Berlin on August 14, 1939, <mask> was told by Weizscker that he was not allowed to


title: Herbert von Dirksen

texts: return to London. Weizscker told the German ambassador to France and the German ambassador to Poland that they had to take a vacation in Germany. <mask> mentioned to Baron Attolico, the Italian ambassador to Germany, that if his country wanted a peaceful resolution of the Danzig Crisis, the ambassadors to Britain, France and Poland would.As the Germans had broken the Italian diplomatic codes, <mask> was summoned to the Wilhelmstrasse by Ribbentrop to be screamed at and berated for his incompetence and to be told that he was now excluded from all political discussions as a security risk. The ruin of <mask>'s diplomatic career was caused by the British declaration of war on Germany on 3 September 1939, after the German invasion of Poland, and he never held a major post again. <mask> spent most of the war at Grditzberg and his estate in Silesia. As a leading expert on the subject, <mask> gave talks on the Soviet Union at various locations throughout Europe, such as to Wehrmacht generals, who visited Grditzberg to ask <mask> for advice. As many of the farm labourers who worked <mask>'s estate were called up for service with the Wehrmacht, <mask> used slave labour from Poland as replacements. A collection of photographs of daily Japanese life that <mask> had taken during his time as ambassador in Japan were included in a picture book he published in 1943. Grditzberg was taken by the Red Army.<mask> believed he could serve as a mediator between the Soviet Union and Germany. The Red Army became more respectful after <mask> showed them a photograph of himself and the Defense Commissar. Stalin allowed the only member of the Soviet Politburo to have a personality cult of his own. <mask> was ordered to be taken back by Ribbentrop

masks: Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen Dirksen


title: Herbert von Dirksen

texts: because he was going to betray secrets to the Soviets. An Abwehr team went to the castle to tell <mask> that he was coming regardless of what he thought. <mask> and the Abwehr team went back to the German lines on a cold February night. The castle was captured by the Red Army and <mask> left his papers there.In 1948, the Narkomindel published a very-selective version of <mask>'s papers dealing with his time as ambassador in London to support the official Soviet historical line that British appeasement had been aimed at causing a German-Soviet war to save British capitalism. In 1947, <mask> was cleared of being a party member by a court. <mask>'s memoirs, Moskau, Tokyo, London, recount his career as a diplomat in the Soviet Union, Japan and the United Kingdom. He stated that he was not ashamed that he joined the Nazi Party in 1936, as the regime had achieved "impressive" political and economic changes in Germany. The book's German original was published in 1950, while the English version was published in 1952. The section on <mask>'s time as a diplomat in the Netherlands in 1917 was reduced from three pages to six. There were six pages in the German original and three in the English version of his time as a diplomat in Kiev.The Canadian scholar asked about the differences between Germany's traditional elite and the Nazi elite. "If we were to judge by this book, there seems to have been little," he said. "From 1919 onward, the common aim of almost all Germans was to achieve the abolition of the Versailles diktat, a treaty which just or unjust, was an adequate expression of the German defeat of 1918, after a war which Germany herself started". <mask>'s memoirs showed that he fully agreed with Hitler's plan to destroy the


title: Herbert von Dirksen

texts: international order that had been established by the Treaty of Versailles and to have Germany become the world's strongest power. They had different strategies and tactics to use. He has tears for torn and defeated Germany, but not a word of sympathy for the millions of murdered Jews, Poles, Yugoslavs, Czechs, and the rest. According to a review by an American political scientist, <mask> expressed anger in his memoirs about the expulsions of Germans from Eastern Europe but failed to mention that Germany killed over 6,000,000 Jews during the war.<mask> seemed to say that the lives of Germans mattered more than the lives of Poles and Jews. The husband of <mask> Krupp and a senior executive at the firm of Krupp AG became involved in a campaign to "clear the rubble" cast against German big business. In order to deny that Germany's traditional elites were involved with National Socialist crimes and portray Allied policies towards Germany as cruel, Henry Regnery, a conservative American publisher based in Chicago, was Wilmowsky's preferred instrument. God and Man at Yale was published by William F. Buckley and The Conservative Mind was written by Russell Kirk. They argued for the innocence of German and Japanese leaders who were convicted of war crimes. Victor's Justice, written by Montgomery Belgion, and The High Cost of Vengeance, written by Freda Utley, both argued that the Allied policies towards Germany had been criminal and inhumane. The book that Wilmoswky was going to publish was intended to deny that industrialists like him had supported the Nazi regime and used slave labour.The industrialist Baron Alfried Krupp <mask> und Halbach, who had effectively ran Krupp AG during World War II, had been convicted by an

masks:
Dirksen
Dirksen
Barbara von
von Bohlen


title: Herbert von Dirksen

texts: American court of using slave labour, and Wilmowsky wanted to rebut that charge. The book should be presented as a neutral investigation of industrialists in the total state and total war, rather than focusing on the actions of German, as advised by <mask> in a letter. <mask> argued that if the mobiliaation of industrialists by the state were to be presented as a universal trend, the specific acts by German industrialists, like using slave labour, could be explained away as part of a universal tendency. <mask> wanted to end the "Nuremberg complex" held against Germany and argued that it was time to stop holding Nazi crimes against Germany. "My own feeling is that such a book would not appeal to the general public unless it could be cast in the form of a dramatic story and that would require on the part of the author a rare combination of gifts," Belgion wrote. I don't know of any English or American authors who have that combination. The book Tycoons and the Tyrant: German industry from Hitler to Adenauer was published in 1954.<mask> was involved in groups that opposed the Oder– Neisse line as Germany's eastern frontier. Chancellor Konrad Adenauer's policy of western integration was criticized in a press conference by <mask>. He argued that West Germany should play off the Western powers against the Soviet Union in order to achieve German reunification. <mask>, <mask>, Moscow, Tokyo, London: Twenty Years of German Foreign Policy was published in 1952. The Encyclopedia of the Third Reich was published in New York. The Diplomats 1919–1939 was edited by Gordon A. Craig and Felix Gilbert. Kaiserreich, Weimarer Republik und Drittem Reich is where theDiplomat is from.Eine biografie. The Verlag im Internet is located in

masks:
Dirksen
Dirksen
Dirksen
Dirksen
Dirksen
Dirksen
Herbert von


title: Herbert von Dirksen

texts: Berlin. Gerald: "Otasien im Spiegel der deutschenDiplomatie." <mask> <mask> was a diplomat from 1933 to 1938. The Historische Mitteilungen der Ranke-Gesellschaft was published in 2006 by Steiner Verlag. <mask> is in London on his way to present his credentials to King George IV. Ostatni pan na zamku Grodziec.The Grodcu na Dolnym lsku-Grodziec Castle was built in 1939. The deaths of politicians from Berlin include the National People's Party politicians and the Nazi Party

masks:
Herbert von
Dirksen
Dirksen


title: Will Brooker

texts: <mask>ooker is a writer and academic, professor of film and cultural studies at Kingston University and an author of several books of cultural studies dealing with elements of modern pop culture and fandom, specifically Batman, Star Wars and Alice in Wonderland. In 1991 he received his bachelor's degree in film and English studies from the University of East Anglia, and in 1999 he received his PhD in cultural studies from the University of Wales. His thesis was titled "One Life, Many Faces: The Uses and Meanings of the Batman, 1939–1999". A select group of notable alumni, including Brooker, received a postgraduate diploma in communication from Goldsmiths. Since 2005, Brooker has worked at Kingston University. From 2005 until 2007, he was senior lecturer and field leader for film studies, and from 2007 until 2009, he was the principal lecturer and director of studies for film and television. He was promoted to reader and professor in the same year.Since 1967, Cinema Journal has had a British editor. His five-year term ended on December 31st. Batman Unmasked: Analyzing a Cultural Icon was published in 2001. The comic book superhero Batman is the subject of a series of essays in the book. The key elements that differ from period to period, as well as those that remain constant, are drawn out in the essays. Batman Unmasked is described as "cutting through the mumbo jumbo" by Entertainment Weekly. Popmatters refers to the discussion of Batman as less an analysis of the Batman than a discussion of Batman's sexuality.Using the Force: Creativity, Community and Star Wars Fans was published in 2002, followed by Alice's Adventures: Lewis Carroll in 2005 and The Blade Runner Experience: The Legacy of a Science Fiction Classic in 2006 Empire magazine and The Guardian gave positive reviews to the BFI Film Classics edition of Star Wars. He was a


title: Will Brooker

texts: Brooker criticized Moore's short film An Act of Faith for its representation of sexualised violence. He was concerned about Kevin O'Neill's suggestion that the "Golliwog" from League of Extraordinary Gentlemen: The Black Dossier is "an incredibly powerful black character". Moore referred to Brooker as a Batman scholar in an interview. On Sequart Organization, brooker responded. Dave Sim said that although he feels that it is difficult to find fault with Alan Moore's "bottom line", he "can't see why Dr. brooker shouldn't vent about" the content of Moore's work. While first completing his PhD and then expanding it into Batman Unmasked, <mask>r received a degree of media coverage unusual for an academic, much of it negative, and was interviewed about his work on Touch Radio. The Caped Crusader's 60th birthday was celebrated in 1999 with Phil Jupitus on the radio 4 programme 'Happy Birthday Batman'.He was featured in Acafandom and Beyond, an article on the website of the University of Southern California's Professor of Communication, Journalism, and Cinematic Arts, in 2011. He has debated Star Wars with Mark Kermode on The Culture Show and spoke alongside Adam West and Paul Daniels on Channel 5's Gloria's Full House. He was interviewed twice on the online Jeff Rubin Show. In his first appearance, he explained his current work and his opinion of Batman films, while in the second he discussed The Dark Knight Rises. In 2015, Brooker wrote for the New Statesman magazine about his support for feminism and received media attention over his research for an academic analysis of David Bowie's life and work. He received attention from both the Guardian and Rolling Stone for his attempt to approximate the experiences of his own life. Alumni of the University of East Anglia, Kingston University, and the University of London have links to living


title: Wally Grout

texts: Test cricketer <mask>, also known as "<mask>", was born in March 1927 and died in November 1968. Between 1957 and 1966 <mask> played in 51 Test matches. He made his Test debut against South Africa at the Wanderers Stadium, where he caught a record six catches behind the stumps. Australia did not lose a series in which <mask> played. For a long time, <mask> was second fiddle to Don Tallon in the state team, and was unable to get a regular spot as the keeper. He set a world record in 1960 when he took 8 catches in a match. He died of a heart attack at the age of 41, 3 years after ending his playing career.The Australian Cricket Hall of Fame inducted <mask> on January 27th. At age seven, <mask> became engrossed in cricket when he saw Australia international Don Tallon play. He was picked for the Brisbane schoolboys as an opening batsman after taking to the game well. The future member of the Shield was preferred to be the wicket keeper. While at school, <mask> played C grade cricket for Valley and from age 14 for Souths, before moving to Toombul District Cricket Club, where he was selected as the club's keeper in Don Tallon's absence. He played rugby and Australian Rules. <mask>'s nickname in Shield cricket was "The Voice", from his habit of joking and talking behind the stumps.Due to the presence of Don Tallon, he was unable to play his preferred role as keeper. When Tallon was playing for Australia in the Test series against India, he was overlooked in favour of Douglas Siggs, who would go on to captain the Australian hockey team. <mask> disagreed with the idea that Siggs was a better player, noting that the keeper is responsible for

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title: Wally Grout

texts: the runs that are missed. He stated that he dropped Hassett in a Shield match at home in 1947 off Mick Raymer before he scored. Lindsay thrashed 200. Where would I get a double century to compensate? In that match, I scored seven runs.Tallon decided to switch to spin bowling and <mask> became the keeper. Tallon resumed keeping after only one match. Test cricket <mask> entertained the idea of playing for Australia against the English touring side in 1954, but Victorian Len Maddocks was selected and played all five Tests despite having an injured finger. The two keepers selected for the tour of England were Gil Langley and Maddocks. Ken "Slasher" Mackay advised him that he lacked fitness and that his form waned in the last session. He was a part of the 1957–58 tour of South Africa. Barry Jarman was <mask>'s competitor for the Test spot, and he had sustained a thumb injury.He picked up 95 in an outing at Benoni and was given the nod. He made his Test debut against South Africa in December of 1957. In the first day, <mask> allowed eight byes, and he called it a "severe attack of the fumbleds". He was helped by some inspired bowling from Alan Davidson and took a record six catches behind the stumps. Early on, some of the Australians were quoted in the local press as being unimpressed with the South African opening bowlers Adcock and Heine, this fired them up, and it was not without its risks. The bouncers were fired down by the two against the Australians. <mask> and Neil Harvey were chased by elephants and lions in Wanke Games Reserve after Harvey left the vehicle attempting to get a better shot.Australia did not lose a series in which

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title: Wally Grout

texts: <mask> played. Neil Harvey gave <mask> the nickname "Griz", referring to the keeper's habit of complaining about poor returns from fieldsmen. This replaced the hated "<mask>y", who once replied that the Prime Minister had lost his and his wife's votes. He was very nervous when he played his first Test on home soil in front of a crowd. He equaled Don Tallon's record in the series when he caught Tom Graveney off the bowling of Davidson early in the match. Australia won the series 4–0 Jarman was told to play two tests on his tour of India and Pakistan in 1959 as almost all of the games were Test matches.The exhausted <mask> and Ray Lindwall were the only two test players who could play in the match against Western Australia due to the fact that most of the team had been struck down with hepatitis. A week before the first Test of the 1962–63 Ashes series, <mask> broke his jaw while keeping to Wes Hall, a fast bowler from the West Indies. He was replaced in the first three Tests by South Australia's Barry Jarman. He allowed Fred Titmus to return to the crease after he was knocked over by an Australian fielder in the 1964 Ashes series. In 1966 the last Test was played by <mask>. Colin Cowdrey, M.J.K., said that he took 3 catches in the second Test and that Australia lost the third Test by an amount. Smith, Dave Brown, and Jim Parks were all caught by <mask>.Fred Titmus was snapped up by <mask> to give him five catches. As England collapsed to 241 all out on the first day of the Fourth Test, Cowdrey thought a shout by <mask> was Ken Barrington calling him for a run and he was run out. He took 4 catches in his last Test to bring his total to

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title: Wally Grout

texts: 15 catches and 1 stumping, as Australia retained the Ashes with a 1–1 draw. Don Bradman noted similarities between <mask> and Don Tallon. Alan Davidson was <mask>'s "bread and butter", and he snared 48 of his first 100 victims from his bowling. He took a lot of outside edges from late-swinging balls. He disliked keeping to off-spinners because the ball is often obscured by the bat until it is too late.He replied "Eton" when asked if he'd attended a public school. And drink. The test team cheered for Wilson in the World Amateur Billiards Championship, which was being held at the same time as the test, as he was a champion Indian billiards player. In sports, prominent athletes are often given nicknames that become popular once they meet the public's approval. His last name was added to rhyme with a "Shout" (round). "And be sure to get your <mask> (shout) in" is a poetic phrase that comes from the context of drinking in a pub. A shout is a notification that it is the listener's turn to buy a round of drinks."<mask> ignored doctor's warnings about his weak heart and kept on playing until he was 39, and died from a heart attack less than three years later." His obituary stated that he entered the hospital two days before his death. According to a report, a doctor said that <mask> knew that he could collapse at any time during the last four years of his Test career and that he took part in the Australian tour of the West Indies only a few months after a heart attack. There was no inkling that there might be something amiss with him. There are External links to Australian cricketers 1927 births 1968 deaths and the Australian Cricket Hall of

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title: Abdizhamil Karimuly Nurpeisov

texts: 1956. He received the Zhambyl Republican Award for his first book. He stood out with his journalistic articles and his keen criticism, as well as the fact that he worked continuously in the field of prose. He was a delegate of the Supreme Soviet and a head editor of the magazine Zhuldyz in the 1960's. He had been involved in creative activities only during the market time and was appointed to the presidency of the international PEN Club. The magazine "Tan Sholpan" was published under the auspices of the PEN club.He chaired the board of editors of one and the same literary and social magazine for many years. The trilogy The Blood and Sweat and the other writings of one of the word-painters made great contributions to the Kazakh literature of the past twentieth century and have been translated into about thirty foreign languages. A Frenchman Louis Aragon, Russians Yury Kazakov, Sergei Baruzdin, Anatoly Kim and others. Everything written by <mask> can be described as an entire epic. "The twentieth century and the Kazakh world" is a possible title for the epic. The atrocities of The Blood and Sweat, the inhumanity ofKurland, and the persecution at the end of the century constitute a single artistic canvas. New ideas were brought into the artistic memoir that was written by a talented artist.The writer was so self-critical that before each edition he criticized strictly, polished and decried even his world-famous writings. He bowed his head to the power of the artistic expression. Abay said that love for literature, devotion to the art is equating to related


title: Abdizhamil Karimuly Nurpeisov

texts: Tanirbergen fell into the opposite state of spirit when the Whites came from the Aral Sea.The beginning of the chapter consists of his internal monologue. He was cunning and always got what he wanted. Whatever he thought was the opposite. He doesn't like his property. His monologue is very fast paced. He can't lie quietly in his bed because of the cruel time. He was caught.Temirke pointed to Tanirbergen as the man who could bring the soldiers through the sand. He thought it would be enough to show the way to Altykudyk. He was mistaken. They had to be brought to Ulykum. He failed to lead them safely. The Wtites were angry with him because he didn't have water. You bastard!Where is the well? The officer pulled him. Even in such a case, <mask>'s psychology finds inspiration. The question of whether it is right for a person who has lost his happiness to dump all the blame on the fate is being raised in the transition of the psychological reflection to the artistic nature. The internal features are determined by fate. The character's mind was exhausted by the monologue of self-accusation. What does a tired mind do?Tanirbergen buries himself. He was considered to be clever, cunning, and better than any other. He blames himself. He regrets being against the Reds. Tanirbergen was tortured with his dialogue to himself. He didn't like life at all in time. There is no value in life.He became passive, weak- willed, and apathetic. There is no thought of revenge against the ancient enemies. He doesn't care if he's alive or dead. "Well, I don't care," says Tanirbergen. A sad


title: Abdizhamil Karimuly Nurpeisov

texts: the fire. Will a man with a sound mind fight the fire? "Ha-ha-ha!" Before his mind faded, he came to life again. Tanirbergen looked at the sky again.He was disappointed in the ground and now believes in the heaven. Tanirbergen has died. It can't be that the sky was unfair. He wanted to cry, proclaiming that the truth had just been opened to him. The integrity of the national character is important to the novel. The novel became a true epic of the popular movement of 1916–1918's because it was based on the developing of inner monologues. The Blood and Sweat was put against the epic genre by some.The internal high-stakes drama breaking the outer shell leads to value acquisition. This is a novel of pure blood. A<mask> was a publicist in the field of literary translation, art journalism, essays and criticism. Chekhov, Gorky, and Hikmet wrote in the Kazakh language. In 1972 a set of writer's literary criticisms and essays was published. The title was changed to "The heart was full of songs". The new articles, sketches and essays were included in the book "Raising up our holy" in 1996.He published his essays "The Land of Blue Lakes" in 1979 and "The Legend of Akbiday" in 1985. There is a publishing house. The benefit of the daily life of <mask> is this. He is always interested in the people's life. The first award of "the Literary newspaper" was won by his essay "Auten's Thoughts". The epic novel "Abai's Way" was published in two volumes in 1971 in the library "Bibliotheca of the World Literature" by the publishing house "Fiction" in Moscow. It's not easy to write

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title: Abdizhamil Karimuly Nurpeisov

texts: about Mukhtar Auezov.The great word-painter M. Auezov was introduced to the Soviet readers and foreign audience by him. The portraits of <mask> use syllogisms and skillful characters. In various speeches at various festivals and anniversary celebrations, the writer went on to talk about the best of writers. One by one essays about many people. It appeared. The contribution of literature into society is reflected in the article "The Word of Dostoevsky". The Russian literature was raised up to a higher level in the days of Gogol and Pushkin.He says that a beautiful word with a deep meaning becomes a social leitmotif. He proves that Dostoevsky was a success in this field with specific examples of his work. He looks at the unexplored side of friendship between Dostoevsky and Shockan Ualihanov. He emphasizes the psychological context and mutual respect of the two people. When Shokan became cheerful, friendly and surprised Dostoevsky, he tried to find the causes. The current policy is on one of the pages. "Raising up our holy" is a collection of articles, sketches, and essays written by the writer in the last few years.The work is written in Russian. It was written in this language because of the Russian problems. The title of the book will mean "honor", "respect of spiritual values" if it is translated into the Kazakh language. This is the title of the article. The article focused on the youth who participated in the uprising. During the Red Empire's strong anger, it was published in the newspaper "Pravda". The writer has raised a number of problems, though not all


title: Abdizhamil Karimuly Nurpeisov

texts: the pictures of the event could be seen.How long will greedy careerists hidden at the back of the Party cards dive their hands into one's pocket and head the country? There are burning problems of the national policy. The official policy does not correspond with his approach to the problem. The official policy to the educational affairs was criticized by the author. There are more children entering the higher education institutions, but less than half of them go on to study in the universities. The students are from other nations. The writer gives advice to solve the problem.The article is full of ridicule and anger. The pamphlet shows one of the aspects of his talent, but also shows the high level of modern journalism. The article "How we can develop Russia" was published in the newspaper "Izvestia" on November 1, 1990. In the article "Own and the other's pain", <mask> completely criticizes Solzhenitsyn's article, quotes and produces arguments. He is a world-famous writer. In his other works, he argued against the communist ideology. The writer is under pressure to be true if he is not."From the Great Prince Fedor Ivanovich till Nicholas I the Russians had supported embassies and completed agreements with the Kazakh leaders," the writer replied. He says that Russia was in negotiations with someone else about their land from 1795 to 1846. He points to the XV volume of F. A. Brokgauza's encyclopedia, which states that most of the people who lived in the lands of the present-day Kazakhstan did so in 1895. Great Mukhtar Auezov, along with the writers in the


title: Jean E. Sammet

texts: The FORMAC programming language was developed by <mask><mask>. She was a developer of the COBOL programming language. She got her B.A. She obtained her M.A. in mathematics from Mount Holyoke College. In 1949, I received my mathematics degree from the University of Illinois. She received a degree. In 1978 he graduated from Mount Holyoke College.The first scientific programming group was supervised by <mask>. She was a member of the original COBOL group and worked as a staff consultant for programming research. FORMAC, the first widely used computer language for symbolic manipulation of mathematical formulas, was developed by her at IBM. She researched the use of restricted English as a programming language and the use of natural language for mathematical programs at IBM. She was the Programming Technology Planning Manager for the Federal Systems Division from 1968 to 1974 and the Software Technology Manager in 1979. <mask> was the chair of the Special Interest Group on Programming Languages. She was the first female president of the organization.On March 23, 1928, <mask><mask> was born in New York City. Harry and <mask> were the parents of <mask> and Helen. Both <mask> and Helen attended public schools. <mask> was unable to attend the Bronx High School of Science because it did not accept girls because of his interest in mathematics. Julia Richman High School was where <mask> attended. <mask> decided to attend Mount Holyoke College because of the strength of its mathematics program. <mask> was certified to teach high school mathematics in New York because she majored in mathematics and took education courses.She minored in political science. <mask> received her MA in 1949 from the University of Illinois. From 1948 to 1951 she was a teaching assistant in the Mathematics department at the University of Illinois. <mask> was not impressed when she first saw a computer at

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title: Jean E. Sammet

texts: the University of Illinois. <mask> was looking for a position in education. New York City was not hiring new teachers so <mask> had to search for positions in New Jersey. <mask> was missing two courses from her studies, one in education and the other in the history of New Jersey.<mask> said that her knowledge of New Jersey history did not strengthen her ability to teach mathematics in high school. <mask> had to look for other types of employment. <mask> was an actuary at the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company. She agreed to take part in an in-house training program to learn how to use punched card accounting machines. After completing her training, <mask> was unable to use the electronic accounting machines. She left her job at the insurance office to study mathematics at Columbia University. <mask> decided that the academic life was not for her after working as a teaching assistant at a college.<mask> worked for Sperry Gyroscope in New York. She ran an analog computer while working on mathematical analysis problems. <mask> worked on the submarine program at the Department of the Navy. <mask> started working as a programmer in January 1955. <mask> was asked to be the programmers for the digital computer by the Sperry Gyroscope. It took her three days to write the basic loader for the SPEEDAC, which was a 20-line program. The group leader of the open shop was <mask>.The open shop was a place where programmers acted as consultants to the engineers and scientists assisted them in writing and testing their routines. Other system software was produced by the group. In 1955, Gyroscope and Remington Rand merged. The merger gave <mask> access to the computer. One of the earliest graduate-level courses in computer programming was taught by <mask> in the Applied Mathematics department of Adelphi College. <mask> was able to teach two courses for two years despite not having a

masks: Sammet Sammet Sammet Sammet Sammet Sammet Sammet Sammet Sammet Sammet Sammet Sammet Sammet Sammet Sammet Sammet


title: Jean E. Sammet

texts: computer at the time. <mask> left Sperry to work for a company that uses computers.<mask> was unable to find a position for a woman in any field she was interested in so she scanned the men's list and found an engineer position at a company in Massachusetts. <mask> was hired by Carl Hammer to oversee software development for the MOBIDIC project. The design of the influential programming language was established by <mask> and five other programmers in 1959 in a proposal that was accepted by the U.S. government. Programming Languages: History and Fundamentals was published by <mask>. 120 programming languages were used in the United States in the late 1960s. <mask> noticed a need for the exchange of intellectual information with others working with languages and software while she worked on FORMAC. She was a member of ACM for a number of years but was not active until she started a special interest group that would allow her to speak with other professionals in the field.<mask> tried to contact the person in charge of Special Interest Groups and Special Interest Committees at ACM, but was unsuccessful. <mask> wrote letters to people she identified through publications and what was happening in the field in order to gain interest in SICSAM. She identified people who were in different groups at Bell Labs. <mask> faced resistance from the interest group. Five years after SICSAM formed, there was a conference about mathematical software. <mask> stated that she fought her way to give a paper because the group was not interested in non-numerical analysis of that kind of activity. <mask> organized a conference in March 1966 with help from those who were interested in SICSAM.Tony Oettinger and <mask> were elected to the Northeast Regional Representative in 1966. She was a member of the council and lecturer. In August 1968, <mask> became the chairperson of the committee on the

masks: Sammet Sammet Sammet Sammet Sammet Sammet Sammet Sammet Sammet Sammet Sammet Sammet Sammet


title: Jean E. Sammet

texts: SICs and SIGs. She was elected chair of the group in 1971. She resigned from her two-year term because she was elected vice president of the organization. She was the chairperson of SIGPLAN and organized conferences. <mask> stated that the conferences were organized based on how fundamental programming languages were to different aspects of computing.<mask> was the vice president of ACM from 1972 to 1974. <mask> made the finances of ACM a priority when he worked with the president. At the time of her vice presidency, she was almost bankrupt. <mask> convinced Ralston to have a member-office forum. <mask> was aware that there was no realistic way of communicating with the membership. Death <mask> died in Silver Spring, Maryland after a brief illness. On October 8, 1975, the International Honor Society for the Computing and Information Sciences named the works Detailed Description of COBOL as an Honorary Member.The Association for Women in Computing received the Lovelace Award. The SIGPLAN distinguished service award was given to the Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery in 1997. She was a fellow of the Computer History Museum for her contributions to the field of programming languages. COMIT Grace Hopper List of computer scientists Women in computing References External links Biography of <mask>, History of Programming Languages website, Murdoch University. There is a history of programming languages at the institute. <mask> participated in the conference at the University of Minnesota. A 171-page transcript of oral history with computer pioneers, including <mask>, was held in May 1990.The meeting involved 25 engineers, programmers, marketing representatives, and salesmen who were involved with the UNIVAC, as well as representatives from users such as General Electric, Arthur Andersen, and the U.S. Census. The Computer History Museum has a biography of

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title: David Clarke (sheriff)

texts: An American former law enforcement official who served as Sheriff of Milwaukee County, Wisconsin, from 2002 to 2017, is <mask>. He was elected to his first four-year term after being appointed to the position in 2002. He was re-elected three times. Although he ran for sheriff as a Democrat in a heavily Democratic county, he refused to join the Wisconsin Democratic Party because of his political views that align with those of conservative Republicans. As sheriff, he clashed with other Milwaukee County officials over the budget and other matters, and came under scrutiny for deaths and alleged mistreatment of jail inmates. A man died of thirst, and pregnant women were handcuffed and chained up while in labor. The speaker at the 2016 Republican National Convention was a frequent guest on Fox News.He resigned as sheriff. A vocal supporter of President Donald Trump,<mask> gained attention for controversial and sometimes inflammatory social-media posts, and was considered for a role in the Trump administration. After he resigned as sheriff, he joined America First Action as a spokesman and senior advisor. His father was a parachutist with the 2nd Ranger Infantry Company. His uncle was a football player. He played for the basketball team at the high school. He dropped out of the University of

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David Alexander Clarke Jr
Clarke


title: David Clarke (sheriff)

texts: Wisconsin in Milwaukee when he got a job driving beer trucks after finishing high school.He began his career at the Milwaukee Police Department. He rose through the ranks at a slow but steady pace. After eleven years as a patrol officer, he was promoted to lieutenant of detectives in 1993 and captain in 1999. In 1994, the mother of a 15-year-old boy filed a complaint against <mask>, accusing him of using excessive force when arresting her son. According to public documents, a man spotted five teenagers throwing rocks at cars while returning from a vacation. The teens were ordered to lie on the ground. He said he used his foot to turn one boy over.The boy's mother said that <mask> kicked him in the side and put a gun to his head, causing bruised ribs. The case was dismissed by the Fire and Police Commission due to insufficient evidence. In 1999 he received a B.A. The School of Adult and Continuing Education at the University of Wisconsin has a degree in Management of Criminal Justice. The Milwaukee County Sheriff resigned midway through his term in 2002. Governor Scott McCallum appointed him to the position after he was one of ten applicants. He was elected to a full term in 2002.<mask> received a master's degree in security studies from the Naval Postgraduate School. CNN reported in May of

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