title: Benjamin Franklin

texts: Historical Scientific Instruments is on display in the Science Center. A proposal for an experiment to prove that lightning is electricity was published by <mask>. On May 10, 1752, Thomas-Franois Dalibard of France conducted <mask>'s experiment using an iron rod instead of a kite, and he got electrical sparks from a cloud. <mask> may have conducted his famous kite experiment in Philadelphia on June 15, 1752.<mask> did not mention that he had performed the experiment in his newspaper. The account was printed in the Philosophical Transactions after it was read to the Royal Society. The History and Present Status of Electricity was published by Joseph Priestley. <mask> kept his dry under the roof to avoid the danger of electric shock. During the months immediately following <mask>'s experiment, others, such as Georg Wilhelm Richmann in Russia, performed lightning experiments. <mask> indicates in his writings that he was aware of the dangers and offered alternative ways to demonstrate that lightning was electrical, as shown by his use of the concept of electrical ground. It would have been dangerous for <mask> to fly the kite and wait to be struck by lightning in the way that is often depicted in popular literature.He was able to show that lightning was electrical by using the kite to collect the electric charge from the storm cloud. <mask> wrote a letter to England in October of 1752 stating that his electrical experiments led to his invention of the lightning rod. He said conductors with a sharp point could discharge silently and at a far greater distance. He thought that this could help protect buildings from lightning by attaching "upright Rods of Iron, made sharp as a Needle and


title: Benjamin Franklin

type: paraphrased

texts: gilt to prevent Rusting, and from the Foot of those Rods a Wire down the outside of the Building into the Ground." After a series of experiments on <mask>'s own house, lightning rods were installed on the Academy of Philadelphia and the Pennsylvania State House in 1752. <mask> had a big influence on the emerging science of population studies. <mask> found that the American population had the fastest growth rate in the world.<mask> said population growth depended on food supplies and farmland in America. He calculated that America's population would double every 20 years and surpass England in a century. Observations concerning the increase of mankind were drafted in 1751. After four years, it was printed in Boston and quickly reproduced in Britain, where it was credited with discovering a rule of population growth. British leaders became more willing to impose restrictions on the colonial economy because of <mask>'s predictions about British mercantilism being unsustainable. According to Kammen and Drake, <mask>'s Observations concerning the Increase of Mankind stands alongside "Discourse on Christian Union" as the leading works of 18th-century Anglo-American demography. In his 1755 essay, <mask> states that he was a pioneer in the study of slave demography.In his capacity as a farmer, <mask> wrote at least one critique about the negative consequences of price controls, trade restrictions, and subsidy of the poor. He wrote a letter to the London Chronicle titled 'On the Price of Corn, and Management of the Poor'. <mask> was interested in the North Atlantic Ocean circulation patterns. He heard a complaint from the Colonial Board of Customs about the length of time it took British

masks: Franklin Franklin Franklin Franklin Franklin Franklin Franklin Franklin Franklin


title: Benjamin Franklin

texts: packet ships to reach New York. The merchantmen left from London and the packets left from Cornwall. The whaler captain told <mask> that merchant ships avoided a strong mid-ocean current. The mail packet captains fought an adverse current as they sailed dead into it.<mask> and other captains learned how to chart the current and name it the Gulf Stream, which is what it is today. <mask>'s Gulf Stream chart was ignored in England. The first versions were printed in France and the U.S. in the 17th century. Phil Richardson, a Woods Hole oceanographer and Gulf Stream expert, discovered the British edition of the chart in the Bibliothque Nationale in Paris in 1980. The New York Times covered this find. British sea captains were able to trim two weeks from their sailing time once they adopted <mask>'s advice on navigating the current. Matthew Fontaine Maury said that <mask> did not discover the Gulf Stream until after he had accumulated all his oceanographic findings in Maritime Observations.There were ideas for sea anchors, catamaran hull, watertight compartments, shipboard lightning rods and a soup bowl. <mask> was the only major scientist who supported the wave theory of light, which was ignored by the rest of the scientific community. After Thomas Young's well-known slit experiment in 1803, most scientists were persuaded to believe Thomas Young's theory. According to a popular myth, a storm on October 21, 1743 denied <mask> the chance to see a lunar eclipse. The prevailing winds were from the northeast, contrary to what <mask> had expected. <mask> was told by his brother that the storm had not reached Boston until after the eclipse, despite the fact that Boston is to the northeast of


title: Benjamin Franklin

texts: Philadelphia. He thought that storms don't always travel in the direction of the wind.<mask> made observations after the eruption of Laki in 1783 and the harsh European winter of 1784. He wrote about them in a lecture. <mask>'s use of kites to pull humans and ships across waterways has been noted by many. George Pocock's book A Treatise on The Aeropleustic Art, or navigation in the air, was inspired by <mask>'s traction of his body by kite power across a waterway. <mask> observed that on a hot day, he stayed cooler in a wet shirt in the breeze than he did in a dry one. <mask> conducted experiments to understand this phenomenon. On a warm day in Cambridge, England in 1758, <mask> and John Hadley used ether and bellows to evaporate ether from a ball of a mercury thermometer.The temperature reached after each subsequent evaporation. The room temperature was constant. <mask> wrote about the possibility of freezing a man to death on a warm summer's day. Although the law of the general effect of liquefaction on electrolytes is not attributed to <mask>, his experiments on the non-conduction of ice are worth mentioning. The law of the effect of heat on the conductivities of non-conductors, for example, glass, could be attributed to <mask>. A certain amount of heat will make some bodies good conductors, that will not otherwise conduct..." and again, "And water, though naturally a good conductor, will not conduct well when frozen into ice." <mask> observed that the wake of a ship was diminished when the cooks scuttled their greasy water.He studied the effects on the pond. I dropped a small amount of oil on the water and it produced an instant calm. He was able to "calm the waters" by carrying

masks:
Franklin
Franklin
Benjamin Franklin
Franklin
Franklin
Franklin
Franklin
Franklin
Franklin
Franklin


title: Benjamin Franklin

texts: a little oil in the hollow joint of his cane. The earliest known description of the Pro & Con list is in a 1772 letter to Joseph Priestley by <mask>. He explored the role of civic and personal virtue throughout his life. <mask> didn't attend religious services himself but felt that organized religion was necessary to keep men good to each other. "This is the only appropriate benediction for the grandson of <mask>," said Voltaire when <mask> met him in Paris.Both of <mask>'s parents were Puritans. <mask> was christened in 1706 at the Old South Church, which was the most liberal Puritan congregation in Boston. <mask>'s father, a poor chandler, owned a copy of a book, Bonifacius: Essays to Do Good, by the Puritan preacher and family friend Cotton Mather, which <mask> often cited as a key influence on his life. The public owes the advantage of that book to <mask>, who wrote to Cotton Mather's son seventy years later. Silence Dogood was <mask>'s first pen name and paid homage to both the book and sermon. The importance of forming voluntary associations was preached in the book. <mask>'s organizational skills made him the most influential force in making voluntarism an enduring part of the American ethos.<mask> published his beliefs in 1728. Many of the Puritan ideas regarding salvation, the divinity of Jesus, and much religious dogma were not mentioned. He said in his 1771 autobiography that he was a deist, but still considered himself a Christian. He believed in a God that was the wellspring of morality and goodness in man and that was responsible for American independence. The practice of daily common prayer was never brought to a vote after <mask> tried to introduce it during the

masks:
Franklin
Franklin
Monsieur Franklin
Franklin
Franklin
Benjamin Franklin
Franklin
Franklin
Franklin
Franklin
Franklin
Franklin
Franklin


title: Benjamin Franklin

texts: Constitutional Convention in June 1787. During the First Great Awakening, <mask> was an enthusiastic supporter of the evangelical minister George Whitefield. <mask> admired Whitefield for exhorting people to worship God through good works, but he did not subscribe to his theology.<mask> earned a lot of money by publishing all of Whitefield's journals. <mask> had a lifelong commitment to the Puritan virtues and political values he had grown up with, and through his civic work and publishing, he succeeded in passing these values into the American culture permanently. He had a passion for virtue. His Puritan values included his devotion to egalitarianism, education, industry, thrift, honesty, temperance, charity and community spirit. An ideal of republican government was taught by the classical authors in the Enlightenment period. English liberties relied on their balance of power and hierarchal deference to the privileged class. uritanism and the epidemic evangelism of the mid-eightteenth century created challenges to the traditional notions of social stratification, by preaching that the Bible taught all men are equal, that the true value of a man lies in his moral behavior, not his class, and that<mask>, steeped in Puritanism and an enthusiastic supporter of the evangelical movement, rejected the salvation dogma but embraced the radical notion of egalitarian democracy. <mask> gained from his Puritan upbringing the stress of inculcating virtue and character in themselves and their communities. <mask>'s Puritan values and desire to pass them on helped shape the character of the nation. The social conditions necessary for the birth of capitalism were created by <mask>'s ethic. <mask>


title: Benjamin Franklin

texts: had respect, tolerance and promotion of all churches. "New Places of worship were continually wanted, and generally erected by voluntary Contribution, my Mite for such purpose, whatever might be the Sect, was never refused," he wrote in his autobiography. He helped create a nation that would draw strength from its religious pluralism."Claiming liberty of conscience to be an 'inalienable right of every rational creature' was the greatest advocate of religious freedom by the evangelical revivalists who were active mid-century." <mask>'s supporters in Philadelphia built a large, new hall that could provide a pulpit to anyone of any belief. <mask>'s stress on the God of ethics and morality and civic virtue made him the prophet of tolerance. The apocryphal 51st chapter of Genesis in which God teaches Abraham the duty of tolerance was composed by <mask>. He attended the first session of the Essex Street Chapel, where Theophilus Lindsey drew together the first avowedly Unitarian congregation in England, in order to push religious tolerance to new boundaries. <mask>'s parents intended for him to have a career in the church, but as a young man he adopted the Enlightenment religious belief that God's truths can be found through nature and reason. He rejected Christian orthodoxy in a 1725 pamphlet called A Dissertation on Liberty and Necessity, Pleasure and Pain, which he later saw as an embarrassment, while simultaneously asserting that God is "all wise, all good, all powerful.""I think opinions should be judged by their influences and effects, and if a man holds none that tend to make him less virtuous or more vicious, it may be concluded that he holds none that are dangerous, which I hope

masks: Franklin Franklin Franklin Franklin


title: Benjamin Franklin

texts: is the case," he said. <mask> returned to a belief in the importance of organized religion after seeing the decay in his own moral standards, as well as those of two friends in London who had converted to deism. <mask>'s proposal that prayers be said in the Constitutional Convention of 1787 is believed to have led to his conversion to Christianity. According to David Morgan, <mask> was a big fan of religion. He referred to God as "the infinite" while praying. John Adams said that <mask> was a mirror for people to see their own religion. He was claimed to be one of them by the Church of England.The Presbyterians thought he was a Presbyterian, and the Friends thought he was a wet Quaker. Whatever else <mask> was, Morgan says, "he was a true champion of generic religion." In a letter to Richard Price, <mask> states that he believes religion should support itself without help from the government. In 1790, just a month before he died, <mask> wrote a letter to the president of Yale University, who had asked him his views on religion. The motto "Rebellion to Tyrants is Obedience to God" and a scene from the Book of Exodus were included in <mask>'s proposal. Congress did not act on the Great Seal's design until a third committee was appointed in 1782. <mask> wanted to cultivate his character by a plan of 13 virtues, which he developed at age 20 and continued to practice for the rest of his life.His 13 virtues are listed in his autobiography. Drink not to elevation. Silence. Avoid trifling conversation if you want to benefit others or yourself. "Get it done." Each part of your business should have its own time. There is a resolution.Don't perform without fail what you resolve. "Frugality."


title: Benjamin Franklin

texts: To do good to others or yourself, don't waste any money. "Industry." Cut off all unnecessary actions and lose no time. "Thoroughness." Think innocently and justly, and if you speak, speak accordingly."Justice." It's wrong if you do injuries or neglect the benefits that are your duty. Moderation. Forbear resenting injuries so much as you think they deserve. "Nice." "Nice." "Nice." "Nice." "Nice." "Nice." "Nice." "Nice." Thoroughly clean the body, clothes, and habitation. "Passion." "Passion,Passion,Passion." "Passion,Passion,Passion." "Passion,Passion,Passion." "Passion,Passion,Passion." "Passion,Passion,Passion." "Passion,Passion,Passion." "Passion,Passion,Passion." "Passion,Passion,PassionAt accidents common or unavoidable, be not disturbed at trifles. "Chastity." Rarely use venery but for health or offspring, never to weakness, or the injury of your own or another's peace or reputation. There is humility. Imitate Jesus and Socrates. <mask> didn't try to work on them all at once. He would only work on one and only one each week.<mask> devoted more pages to this plan than to any other single in his autobiography because he believed it made him a better man because he fell short of his virtues many times. Two men who worked in <mask>'s household and shop were slaves. <mask> allowed the sale of slaves in his general store and posted paid ads for the capture of runaway slaves. <mask> became an outspoken critic of slavery. <mask> advocated the opening of a school for black slaves in Philadelphia. Peter and King were slaves that <mask> took to England. King worked for a household in Suffolk after escaping with a woman to live in the outskirts of London.<mask> attacked American slavery

masks: Franklin Franklin Franklin Franklin Franklin Franklin Franklin Franklin


title: Benjamin Franklin

texts: after returning from England. <mask> did not publicly debate the issue of slavery at the 1787 Constitutional Convention. At the time of the American founding, there were half a million slaves in the United States, mostly in the five southernmost states. Many of the founding fathers, including Thomas Jefferson, George Washington, and James Madison, owned slaves. Slavery was thought to be an atrocious debasement of human nature by <mask>. The Pennsylvania Society for Promoting the Abolition of Slavery was founded by him and <mask>. The petition for abolition was presented to Congress in 1790.The Pennsylvania Abolitionist Society supported their argument against slavery. <mask> wrote several essays about the importance of the abolition of slavery and the integration of African Americans into American society as Congress was forced to deal with the issue. An Address to the Public, A Plan for Improving the Condition of the Free Blacks, and Vegetarianism were written by <mask>. <mask> would have been familiar with the moral arguments of <mask> and John Woolman, who were vegetarian. <mask> declared the consumption of meat to be "unprovoked murder" because of his reasons for vegetarianism. Despite his convictions, he began to eat fish after being tempted by fried cod on a boat sailing from Boston, justifying the eating of animals by having observed that the fish's stomach contained other fish. <mask> would continue to be vegetarian despite the faulty ethics in the argument.He learned of tofu from the writings of a Spanish missionary to China. <mask> sent a sample of soybeans to John Bartram, a prominent American botanist, and had previously written to James Flint, a British diplomat and

masks:
Franklin
Benjamin Franklin
Benjamin Rush
Franklin
Franklin
Franklin
Benjamin Lay
Franklin
Franklin
Franklin


title: Benjamin Franklin

texts: Chinese trade expert, inquiring as to how tofu was made, with their correspondence believed to be the first documented use of the word "tofu" in Various examples of the bounty of American agricultural products are listed in <mask>'s "Second Reply to Vindex Patriae". <mask> wrote about new American customs, including a resolution last spring to eat no more lamb and not a joint of lamb on any of their tables. The idea of inoculation was introduced to colonial America by an African slave named Onesimus, but the procedure was not immediately accepted. The concept was vigorously denounced in 1721 by <mask>'s newspaper. <mask> was a supporter of the procedure by 1736.When four-year-old 'Franky' died of smallpox, opponents of the procedure spread rumors that the child had been inoculated and that this was the cause of his death. <mask> put a notice in the Pennsylvania Gazette stating that the child had a bad case of Distemper and that he was not inoculated. <mask> was haunted by this tragedy until the end. In 1736, he lost one of his sons, a fine boy of four years old, by the small-pox. I regret that I didn't give him the vaccine. For the sake of parents who don't have that operation, I show that the regret may be the same either way, and that, therefore, the safer should be chosen. <mask> has played the violin, the harp, and the guitar.He composed music for a string quartet. He was in London when he came up with an improved version of the glass harmonica, in which the glasses rotation on a shaft, with the player's fingers held steady, instead of the other way around. Instruments based on his mechanical version found their way to other parts of Europe after he and the London glassblower

masks:
Franklin
Franklin
James Franklin
Benjamin Franklin
Franklin
Franklin
Franklin


title: Benjamin Franklin

texts: Charles James created it. A fan of <mask>'s enlightened ideas, Joseph Haydn had a glass harmonica in his instrument collection. Mozart and Beethoven both composed music for a harmonica. In both The Carnival of the Animals and Il castello di Kenilworth, the instrument was used in the accompaniment to Amelia's aria. Many other composers used <mask>'s instrument as well as the glass harmonica, when Richard Strauss called for it in 1917.<mask> was a chess player. He was the first chess player in the American colonies to be known by his name. The second known essay on chess in America was written by him in December 1786. There is an essay in praise of chess and a code of behavior for the game. He and a friend used chess as a means of learning the Italian language, and the winner of each game had the right to assign a task to the loser before their next meeting. During his time as a civil servant and diplomat in England, <mask> was able to play chess more frequently against stronger opposition than in America. He was able to improve his play by facing more experienced players.He made many important personal contacts when he attended Old Slaughter's Coffee House for chess and socializing. He visited the famous Cafe de la Régence in Paris when he was a visitor and later as ambassador. It is not possible to determine his playing strength in modern terms because no records of his games have survived. <mask> was accepted into the U.S. The Chess Hall of Fame was established in 1999. The second oldest chess club in the U.S. is named after him. In order to gather interest for 200 years, the cities of Boston and Philadelphia were each bequeathed £1,000 by Legacy Bequest Franklin.The trust began

masks: Franklin Franklin Franklin Franklin Franklin


title: Benjamin Franklin

texts: when the French mathematician Charles-Joseph Mathon de la Cour wrote a parody of <mask>'s Poor Richard's Almanack. The main character leaves a small amount of money in his will, five lots of 100 livres, to collect interest over one, two, three, four or five full centuries, with the resulting astronomical sums to be spent on impossibly elaborate utopian projects. <mask> wrote thanking him for a great idea and telling him that he had decided to leave a bequest of 1,000 pounds each to his native Boston and his adopted Philadelphia. More than $2,000,000 was accumulated in <mask>'s Philadelphia trust by 1990. Money was mostly used for mortgage loans from 1940 to 1990. Philadelphia spent the trust on scholarships for local high school students. At the end of the first 100 years of Franklin's Boston trust fund, a portion was allocated to help establish a trade school that became the Franklin Institute of Boston, and the entire fund was later dedicated to supporting this institute.The foundation of a new college named after <mask> was proposed in 1787 by a group of prominent ministers. <mask> donated money for the development of Franklin College. <mask> is the only person to have signed the Declaration of Independence in 1776, the Treaty of Alliance with France in 1778, the Treaty of Paris in 1783, and the U.S. Constitution in 1787. He was called the "only president of the United States who was never president of the United States" because of his influence in the early history of the nation. The likeness of <mask> is ubiquitous. It has adorned American $100 bills since 1928. <mask>'s portrait was on the half-dollar from 1948 to 1963.He has appeared on a variety of $100 and $50 bills. <mask>


title: Benjamin Franklin

texts: is on the Series EE savings bond. Congress dedicated a marble statue in Philadelphia's Franklin Institute as the Benjamin Franklin National Memorial in 1976, as part of a bicentennial celebration. The institute has a display of <mask>'s personal possessions. The Benjamin Franklin House in London was first marked with a blue plaque and has since been opened to the public. The remains of six children and four adults were dug up in 1998 by workmen restoring the building. There are 15 bodies that have been recovered.According to the Friends of Benjamin Franklin House, the bones were placed there by William Hewson, who lived in the house for two years and built a small school at the back of the house. <mask> probably knew what Hewson was doing, but he probably didn't participate in dissections because he was a physicist. Many times, <mask> has been honored on U.S. postage stamps. The image of <mask>, the first postmaster general of the United States, is on the face of U.S. postage. The first U.S. postage stamp was issued in 1847. The Washington–Franklin Issues were a series of postage stamps issued by the U.S. Post Office that depicted Washington and <mask> many times over a 14-year period. <mask> only appears on a few stamps.There are engravings on the face of U.S. postage that show some of the best depictions of <mask>. The Fugio Cent, a 1787 coin designed by <mask> Birch, is a memorial to the 56 Signers of the Declaration of Independence. "<mask>", Dictionary of American Biography, with links online Crane, Vernon W. <mask> and a short biography by a scholar. The autobiography of <mask> is available online. <mask>'s online edition has a short biography by scholar Lemay, J.A. There is a

masks:
Franklin
Franklin
Franklin
Franklin
Franklin
Franklin
Franklin
Franklin Thomas
Benjamin Franklin
Benjamin Franklin
Benjamin Franklin
Benjamin Franklin


title: Benjamin Franklin

texts: man named Leonardo da Vinci. The Life of <mask> was published in 3 volumes before the author's death in 2008.The Americanization of <mask> was written by a historian. Esmond Wright. For young readers, <mask> of Philadelphia is a scholarly study. <mask>'s scientific and diplomatic contributions are the focus of The Kite That Won the Revolution, a biography for children. The name of the person is Fleming, Candace. Being a True Account of the Good Gentleman's Life was written by <mask>. Atheneum/Anne Schwart was published in 2003The Chicago Review Press published <mask>, American Genius: His Life and Ideas with 21 Activities. There is a new look at the intellectual roots of <mask> in The Radical Enlightenments of <mask>. Critical Essays on <mask> were written by Joyce. <mask> was the first scientific American. Cohen, I. Bernard. Cohen has several books on <mask>'s science, including <mask>'s Science, and Paul W. Poor Richard's Politicks. <mask> and the American Revolution was written by Jonathan Dull.Philip Dray wrote A Diplomatic History of the American Revolution. The Invention of America and <mask>'s lightning rod are related to Stealing God's thunder. The year 2005. pp. Ford, Paul. The online edition of The Many-Sided Franklin contains essays about <mask> as a printer and publisher. 793–18."<mask> as Scientist" in The Century was published in 1899. 750–63. By Paul. "<mask> as Politician andDiplomatist" in The Century was published in October 1899. 884–99. By Paul. Frasca is the name of the man.<mask>ca is the name of the man. The Stamp Act and <mask>'s Printing Network. Pennsylvania History 71.4 is online. Alan Houston. Lemay, J.A. wrote <mask> and the Politics of Improvement. The

masks:
Benjamin Franklin
Benjamin Franklin
Franklin
Franklin
Ben Franklin
Benjamin Franklin
Franklin Buxbaum
Benjamin Franklin
Benjamin Franklin
Benjamin Franklin
Franklin
Benjamin Franklin
Benjamin Franklin
Benjamin Franklin
Franklin
Franklin
Franklin
Benjamin Franklinas
Benjamin Franklin
Benjamin Franklin


title: Benjamin Franklin

texts: ed. was written by Leo.Reappraising <mask>: A Bicentennial Perspective was written by Mathews, L.K. The Plans for a Colonial Union were written by <mask>. The American Political Science Review 8 was published in August 1914. Merli, Frank J., and Wilson, Theodore A. "<mask> and the Leather-Apron Men: The Politics of Class in Eighteenth-Century Philadelphia" was written by Simon P. Newman. pp. <mask> was proud of his working class origins and his printer's skills.The Vision of American Community was written by <mask>. They did it in 2004. 327 pp. "A Generative Populace: <mask>'s Economic Agendas" was written by Karen M. Rosenthall. 57–98. Michael Brian was online. <mask> and electrical technology were part of the Age of Enlightenment.There are1-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-65561-6556 386 pp. <mask>'s son was a leading Loyalist Sletcher, Michael, according to Skemp. Magazine of History published 'Domesticity: The Human Side of <mask>'. David Waldstreicher. <mask>, Slavery, and the American Revolution are part of Runaway America. In 2004, Hill and Wang.335 pp. Kerry S<mask> <mask> and his Gods. There was a report in 1999. 215 pp. Between D H Lawrence's denunciation of <mask>'s religion in 1930 and Owen Aldridge's sympathetic treatment of <mask>'s "polytheistic" religion in 1967, the position was taken. Neil York. "When Words Fail: William Pitt, <mask> and the Imperial Crisis of 1766" was published

masks:
Benjamin Franklin
Benjamin Franklin
Benjamin Franklin
Franklin
Benjamin Franklin
Benjamin Franklin
Benjamin Franklin
William Franklin
Benjamin Franklin
Benjamin Franklin
. Benjamin
Franklin
Franklin
Franklin
Benjamin Franklin


title: Benjamin Franklin

texts: in October 2009.pp. H.W. "Lives and Times" reviews in American History were published. 207–212 David Waldstreicher wrote an online ed. A Companion to Benjamin Franklin is a collection of essays by scholars. Primary sources include Silence Dogood, The Busy-Body, and Early Writings. Lemay, ed.The Library of America has two volumes of Poor Richard and Later Writings. Lemay, ed. The Papers of <mask> Franklin online was sponsored by The American Philosophical Society and Yale University. P.M. Zall and Leo Lemay are authors. Houston, Alan, ed. is a text, contemporary documents and 20th century analysis. <mask> wrote about politics, economics, and virtue. The Cambridge University Press was published in 2004.372 pp. The ed. was written by Ketcham. <mask> had a political thought. The book was published in 1965, reprinted in 2003 487 pp. Lass, Hilda, ed. The Benjamin Franklin Almanac is called The Fabulous American.The year 1964. 222 pp. The Papers of <mask> Franklin were written by Leonard Labaree. Through 1783, definitive edition. There is a huge collection of writings and letters to be found in large academic libraries. It can be used for detailed research on specific topics. The complete text of all the documents can be found online.The way to wealth. Applewood Books was published in 1986. Richard's Almanack is a poor one. The Peter Pauper Press was published in 1983. Poor Richard was improved by <mask>. "On Marriage." "Satires and Bagatelles."There is a thesis on Liberty and Necessity, Pleasure and Pain. Writings of <mask> are not read in school. Carl Japikse is an Ed. The Frog ed. In 2003 "<mask> was a hero of America." Experiments and Observations on Electricity.The 300th anniversary

masks:
Benjamin
Franklin
Benjamin Franklin
Benjamin
Benjamin Franklin
Benjamin Franklin
Benjamin Franklin


title: Benjamin Franklin

texts: of <mask>'s birth is celebrated on Okham's Razor ABC Radio with a talk by medical historian, Dr. Jim Leavesley. Time Finding Franklin: A Resource Guide Library of Congress Guide to <mask> was written by a history professor at the University of Illinois. <mask>: An extraordinary life is a PBS show. <mask>'s personal library "Writings of <mask>" can be found in the online edition of American Writers: A Journey Through History. The Influence of <mask> on Mussar Thought and Practice is a Chronicle of Misapprehension. There is a review of Rabbinic Judaism. Online works by <mask>'s Last Will & Testament are available in a searchable edition.The Library of Congress has a web resource about <mask>. <mask> and Francis Dashwood wrote Abridgement of the Book of Common Prayer and The Autobiography of <mask> Franklin. The Benjamin Franklin Papers can be used for research at the Historical Society of

masks:
Benjamin Franklin
Benjamin Franklin
Benjamin Franklin
Franklin
Benjamin Franklin
Benjamin Franklin
Franklin Franklin
Benjamin Franklin
Benjamin Franklin
Benjamin


title: Saalumarada Thimmakka

masks:
Aala Marada Thimmakka
Saalumarada Thimmakka
Thimmakka


title: Saalumarada Thimmakka

texts: <mask> was born in Gubbi Taluk. She was married at the age of 12 to Chikkaiah, a native of Hulikal village. She was a casual labourer in a quarry. The couple couldn't have children. The plant banyan trees in lieu of children was started by <mask>. She was referred to as Saalumarada because of her work.There were a lot of Ficus trees near Thimmakka's village. Thimakka and her husband started growing trees. The trees were planted along a distance of 5 km from the village of Kudur. In the second and third year, 20 and 15 plants were planted. She used her meager resources to plant trees. The couple used to carry four pails of water for four kilometres. They were protected from cattle by fencing them with shrubs.The plants were planted during the monsoon season in order to get enough rain to grow. The trees took root by the next monsoons. The asset value of the trees has been assessed at 1.5 million rupees. The management of these trees has been taken over by the Government of Karnataka. The banyan trees planted and nurtured by her came under threat of being chopped down. The project was requested to be reconsidered by <mask>. The 70 years old trees were found to be in need of alternatives.The following awards and citations have been given to <mask>. The Kalpavalli Award was given by the

masks: Thimmakka Thimmakka Thimmakka Thimmakka


title: Saalumarada Thimmakka

texts: GodfreyPhillips Bravery Award. One of the 100 women honoured with the She's Divine Award by I and You Being Together Foundation was honoured with the Art of Living Organisation Vishwathma Award. <mask> is invited to many afforestation programs. She was involved in constructing a tank to store rain water for the annual fair in her village. A trust has been set up for the purpose of constructing a hospital in her village in memory of her husband. The 2000 International Film Festival of India featured a documentary titled Thimmakka Mathu 284 Makkalu, which was made on her work.She had a hip surgery in December of 2020. The British Broadcasting Corporation listed Saalumarada <mask> as one of the most influential and inspiring women in the world. A Delhi settled comedian has been accused of misuse of her name. The organisation named after Ms. <mask> was run by a non-resident Indian without her knowledge or consent. The High Court of Karnataka stated that if all the charges were true, they wouldn't amount to a crime. See the State of Karnataka. Ms <mask> was 'delighted' that Ms Primlani had named an organisation after her after meeting her in 2003 when she had made the effort to visit her.The organisation was started more than a decade ago. Umesh claims that the organisation misuses <mask>'s name to

masks: Thimmakka Thimmakka Thimmakka Thimmakka Thimmakka


title: Saalumarada Thimmakka

texts: collect donations. During her visit to <mask> in 2003 photos were taken of her giving <mask> a saree. She is said to have taken <mask>'s fingerprints, while she says <mask> okayed the non-profit back than in front of a judge. A policeman arrived at Alliance Francaise and Jagriti in Bangalore to take her into custody after the complaint. She claims that she was taken into custody by a male policeman after dark, which is against the law. She said that a dozen policemen showed up at the venue, but they did not disrupt her show.She claims to have been harassed by <mask>'s lawyers with written threats. <mask> mentioned her meager pension, even though she was mostly available for comment. "What if there is a misuse and my name is ruined?" was quoted. The treatment that <mask> has been receiving has taken a toll on her finances. Specific details about the mission <mask> and Chikkanna were mocked, now their 300 trees serve and smile back image of Saalumarada Thimmakka on

masks: Thimmakka Thimmakka Thimmakka Thimmakka Thimmakka Thimmakka Thimmakka Thimmakka


title: Barry Fitzgerald

texts: <mask>, also known as William Joseph Shields, was an Irish stage, film and television actor. He appeared in films such as Bringing Up Baby, The Long Voyage Home, How Green Was My Valley, Going My Way, and None but the Lonely Heart. He won the Academy Award for Best Supporting actor and was also nominated for the Academy Award for Best actor. Arthur Shields is an Irish actor. He was listed at number 11 on The Irish Times list of Ireland's greatest film actors. <mask> was born in Walworth Road, Portobello, Dublin, Ireland, to the Shields family. His parents were both Irish and German.Arthur Shields is an Irish actor. He was a junior clerk at the Dublin Board of Trade when he started working in the civil service. He went to work for the unemployment office. He later said that it was an easy job. <mask> is a living family member with 6 living family members. <mask> would join his brother in 1915. He used a stage name to avoid trouble with his superiors in the civil service.<mask> appeared in plays such as The Casting Out of Martin Whelan and a four-word part in The Critic. His breakthrough performance was in The Dragon by Lady Gregory. He kept his job at the civil service during the day and continued to act part-time until 1929. He was in The Bribe, An Imaginary Conversation, and John Bull's Other Island. His salary in 1924 was just over two dollars a week. He appeared in a world premiere of a novel. <mask> played a captain.He starred in a performance that was well-received. He played Fluther Good in the premiere of O'Casey's The Plough and the Stars. The play caused riots and protests. Three men went to <mask>'s mother's house in February of 1926 to abduct him, but they were unable to find him. He was in The Would-Be

masks:
Barry Fitzgerald
Fitzgerald
Barry Fitzgerald
Barry
Fitzgerald
Fitzgerald
Fitzgerald


title: Barry Fitzgerald

texts: Gentleman. Shadow of a Gunman, The Far Off Hills, and The Playboy were all filmed at the Abbey. The Silver Tassie was 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780It was produced in London in 1929. At the age of 41, <mask> quit his civil service job and became a full-time actor. Fitzergald made his film debut in Alfred Hitchcock's version of Juno and the Paycock, which was shot in London. He toured England in 1931 in a production of Paul Twyning. He performed the play at the Abbey in Ireland in June of that year. He appeared in three plays by Irish playwright Teresa DeevyA Disciple, In Search of Valour and Katie Roche, which were all produced by the Abbey Theatre. Things That Are Caesar's and The Far-off Hills were filmed in the US with the Abbey Players.The Players and <mask> went on a tour of plays around the country in 1934. The Plough and the Stars, Drama at Inish, The Far-off Hills, Look at the Heffernans, The Playboy of the Western World, The Shadow of the Glen, Church Street, The Well of the Saints and Juno and the Paycock were included. <mask> appeared in a short Irish movie, Guests

masks: Fitzgerald Fitzgerald Fitzgerald


title: Barry Fitzgerald

texts: of the Nation, in 1934, but it wasn't released for over seventy years. The film version of The Plough and the Stars was directed by John Ford and starred <mask> and three other members of the Abbey. <mask> found constant employment as a character actor after he decided to stay in Hollywood. He had roles in Bringing Up Baby, Four Men and a Prayer, and The Dawn Patrol. <mask> made a number of films at RKO: Pacific Liner, two of which were directed by John Farrow.<mask> returned to Broadway in 1939 in The White Sainteed. A revival of Juno and the Paycock went for 105 performances after <mask> returned to Broadway. <mask> and John Ford were together in The Long Voyage Home. He did San Francisco Docks at Universal and The Sea Wolf at Warners. Tarzan's Secret Treasure was filmed at MGM. Tanyard Street was directed by Shields and only lasted a short time. The New York Times said that <mask> was the incarnation of the comic spirit.People laugh when he pokes his face on set. <mask> did a series of films at Universal. <mask> became a leading man when he was cast opposite Bing Crosby in Going My Way. The film was a huge hit. Voting rules were changed after <mask> was nominated for both the Academy Award for Best Supporting actor and the Academy Award for Best actor. He accidentally decapitated his Oscar while practicing a golf swing. During World War II, plaster was used to make Oscar statuettes.<mask> received a replacement statuette. <mask> was signed to a long-term contract by Paramount. He was put in a supporting role in I Love a Soldier and borrowed from RKO for None But the Lonely Heart. In 1944, <mask> was involved in a car accident which resulted in the death of a woman and injury of her daughter. He was acquitted of

masks: Fitzgerald Fitzgerald Fitzgerald Fitzgerald Fitzgerald Fitzgerald Fitzgerald Fitzgerald Fitzgerald Fitzgerald Fitzgerald Fitzgerald Fitzgerald


title: Barry Fitzgerald

texts: manslaughter in January 1945 due to lack of evidence. Two Years Before the Mast, made in 1944 by John Farrow, was supported by <mask> at Paramount. He was in Incendiary Blonde and The Stork Club.He played the lead in And Then There Were None, which was based on the novel and play by Agatha Christie, and had a small part in Duffy's Tavern. His fee was reported to be $75,000 in January 1945. <mask> did two more movies with John Farrow: California and Easy Come, Easy Go. <mask> played himself in Variety Girl and Crosby played him in Welcome Stranger. <mask> was brought on by Mark Hellinger to play a cop in a film called The Naked City. He did three films with Crosby, Top o' the Morning after he left Paramount. Warners did The Story of Seabiscuit, Paramount did Union Station, and Silver City did Yvonne de Carlo.He made his TV debut in 1950 with an episode of The Ford Theatre Hour. <mask> went to Italy to star in a comedy. John Ford gave him third billing in The Quiet Man. Happy Ever After was shot in Ireland, as was it. <mask> appeared in several episodes of TV. He had a supporting role in MGM's The Catered Affair. <mask> starred in the Irish film Broth of a Boy.<mask> never married. He lived in an apartment with his stand in Hollywood. In 1959 <mask> lived at 2 Seafield Ave in Monkstown. He had brain surgery in October of that year. He reentered the hospital in the late 1960's. On January 14, 1961, William Joseph Shields died of a heart attack in St Patrick's Hospital, James Street. <mask> has two stars on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.List of actors with Academy Award nominations List of people on stamps of Ireland References and sources Further reading External links Photos of <mask> in The Long Voyage Home by Ned Scott <mask>

masks:
Fitzgerald
Fitzgerald
Fitzgerald
Fitzgerald
Fitzgerald
Fitzgerald
Fitzgerald
Fitzgerald
Fitzgerald
Fitzgerald
Barry Fitzgerald
Barry Fitzgerald


title: Mario Guiducci

texts: <mask> (Florence 18 March 1583 - Florence 5 November 1646) was an Italian scholar and writer. He was a friend and colleague of Galileo. <mask> was born in the San Frediano quarter of Florence. His father was a senator and his mother was a hairdresser. He had at least two brothers, Giulio and Simone, as well as a sister, Maddalena. He was sent to the Jesuit College when he was a boy. He became a Doctor of both laws at the university of Pisa on May 27th, 1610 despite never earning his doctorate in philosophy at Rome.At some point, probably after this, he became a student of either Galileo or Benedetto Castelli. An anonymous pamphlet was published in Rome after a comet was seen in the skies over Europe in 1618. The pamphlet argued that comet was a real phenomenon. The author was a Jesuit. There were a number of arguments in this which Galileo wanted to counter, but he decided that it would be wise not to publish his arguments under his own name, so he collaborated with <mask> to produce a text, which <mask> read out at the Accad. The Discourse on comets was a rebuttal to the arguments made by Tycho Brahe. It was argued that comets were not real objects, but atmospheric effects like rainbows.The lack of parallax is due to the distance of comets from the earth. Tycho's case for comets having uniform, circular paths was argued against by Galileo. He maintained that their paths were straight. As well as attacking Grassi, the Discourse belittling the illustrations in Scheiner's book as 'badly coloured and poorly drawn'. While <mask> and Galileo were working in the Discourse, there was a second Jesuit pamphlet that appeared in Milan. The new model of the universe proposed by Tycho Brahe was argued against by this. The

masks:
Mario Guiducci
Mario Guiducci
Guiducci
Guiducci
Guiducci


title: Mario Guiducci

texts: arguments for a heliocentric model were set out by <mask> and Galileo.Grassi published a reply to the Discourse in La Libra Astronomica ac Philosophica in Perugia in 1619. This work attacked Galileo's ideas directly, and dismissed <mask> as a mere copyist. <mask> replied directly to Grassi in the Spring of 1620. Father Tarquinio Galluzzi was the Jesuit's old rhetoric master. <mask> described some of Grassi's experiments as full of errors and not without a hint of fraud. <mask> tried to reconcile experimental evidence with theological arguments, but firmly asserted the importance of data gathered through observation. <mask> was proposed for membership of the Accademia dei Lincei by Galileo in May 1621, although he did not actually become a member until 1625.In public, Galileo insisted that <mask> wasn't the author. He complained in the opening section of Il Saggiatore that one might have thought that Sig. <mask> would be allowed to lecture in his Academy, carrying out the duties of his office there, and even to publish his Discourse on Comets without " lothario sarsi", a person never heard of before, jumping upon me for this. Why didn't he show respect for the fine man who was the author of this Discourse? I had nothing to do with it other than the honor and regard shown me by <mask>, and the opinions I had expressed in discussions with him and other gentlemen. Even if the entire Discourse were the work of my pen - a thing that would never enter the mind of anyone who knows <mask> - what kind of behavior is this for Sarsi to reveal my face so zealously? Shouldn't I have been showing a wish to remain hidden?Regardless of Galileo's protestations, there is no doubt that he was the main author of the Discourse on

masks:
Guiducci
Guiducci
Guiducci
Guiducci
Guiducci
Guiducci
Guiducci
Mario Guiducci
Guiducci
Guiducci


title: Mario Guiducci

texts: Comets. The sections in <mask>'s hand have been revised and corrected by Galileo, and the manuscript is largely in Galileo's handwriting. In 1623 the Florentine Maffeo Barberini became Pope Urban VIII. He was friends with many of <mask>'s associates. <mask> went to Rome in the autumn of that year to see if he could get along with the new Pope. He frequented the house of Virginio Cesarini and had regular contact with members of the Accademia dei Lincei. He made sure that Galileo was kept up to date with developments in the Curia and on the reception of his most recent work.He told Galileo of his meeting with Grassi and the positive comments Grassi had made about the theory. He warned Galileo about the attacks from the Jesuit order. Galileo communicated to his colleagues in the Accademia dei Lincei the manuscript of his response to Francesco Ingoli's 1616 letter. In April 1625 <mask> warned Galileo that an accusation had been laid before the Holy Office, accusing him of being heretical. <mask> went back to Florence in May 1625 without securing a position in Rome. Activities in Florence <mask> were involved in the cultural life of Florence. In May 1607 he was admitted to the Accademia della crusca under the name Ricoverato, as well as being a member of the Accademia Fiorentina.He helped to edit the poetry of Michelangelo to the Accademia Fiorentina, which he read in 1623, on the occasion of their publication by Michelangelo Buonarroti the Younger. He wrote an operetta called "La Clave" in 1623 for a third society that was dedicated to genealogy. His involvement with the Accademia di via San Gallo' included the staging of theatrical entertainments. In 1629 he founded, organised and promoted a primary school. <mask>

masks: Guiducci Guiducci Guiducci Guiducci Guiducci Guiducci Guiducci


title: Mario Guiducci

texts: was one of four patricians who were put in charge of administering the special provisions in the quarter of Santa Maria Novella in the Spring of 1630 to prevent the spread of plague. He wrote a panegyric to the Grand Duke at the end of the year, when there was no fear that the plague would be spread by handling printed books. It was published in 1634 as Un Panegirico a Ferdinando II Granduca di Toscana per la Liberazione di Firenze dalla Peste.The business of managing his family's estates prompted <mask> to become involved in a dispute about the control of the Bisenzio River near Florence in 1630 The land on either side was ruined by the river. He signed a memorial to the Grand Duke that asked him to draw up a plan to control the course of the river. <mask> and others objected to the plan that Bartolotti was commissioned to produce. There was a disagreement about the physics of flowing water and whether the Bartolotti project would work. The plan was to cut a new, straight course for the river, avoiding the bends in the lower course which slowed it down and caused it to burst its banks. Taking land away from owners on the west bank of the river would be part of the plan.The owners of the west bank argued that the engineering solution offered would not lead to improved drainage. They argued that the natural course of the river should be dredged and brush cleared. Part of <mask>'s argument was that allowing water to flow down the old river course and down the proposed channel would mean two slow- moving bodies of water rather than one. The view that bends in a river do not slow the water down, so that a straight channel and a river with bends would discharge the same amount of water in a given time, was advanced

masks: Guiducci Guiducci Guiducci


title: Mario Guiducci

texts: by him. To support his case, <mask> asked Benedetto Castelli to send a copy of his Treatise on the Measurement of Flowing Water to the magistrates who were to resolve the matter. He may have been involved in the invitation to Galileo from the Grand Duke to provide expert assistance with the problem. After finishing the manuscript of the Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems, Galileo used some of the theoretical arguments from this text into his opinion on the Bisenzio.He argued that the speed of water flow was determined by the elevation rather than the length of the river, supporting <mask>'s view that a new cut would be useless. The solidarity, rather than the science, of Galileo's pupils is shown by the Bisenzio dispute. In June 1631, when the dispute was resolved by a compromise proposed by <mask>, both sides agreed to try the more traditional approach of dredge and brush clearing. <mask>'s relationship with Galileo was very close. <mask> spent a lot of time with him and their houses were not far apart. <mask> helped Galileo prepare his Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems for publication. When Galileo had to go to Rome to face the Inquisition, he left <mask> in charge of his personal affairs and forwarded correspondence with his daughter, Sister Maria Celeste.<mask> kept his friends up to date with news from Rome while Galileo was away. He advocated for his release and encouraged others to do the same. <mask> continued his contact with the former members of the Accademia dei Lincei after Galileo was sentenced to house arrest. His activities were not recorded in the 1640s. He died in Florence and was buried in a church. <mask> and Galilei's Discorso della Comete is one of the External

masks: Guiducci Guiducci Guiducci Guiducci Guiducci Guiducci Guiducci Guiducci Guiducci Guiducci


title: Hanns Eisler

texts: <mask> was an Austrian composer and his father was an Austrian in World War I. He is best known for his work on the national anthem of East Germany and the scores he wrote for films. The Hochschule fr Musik is named after him. <mask> was the son of a professor of philosophy and his wife. His father and mother were both Lutheran. The family moved to Vienna in 1901. His sister, Elfriede, was a leader of the German Communist Party and his brother, Gerhart, was a journalist.She testified against her brothers before the House Un-American Activities Committee after becoming an anti-Stalinist. At the age of 14, he joined a socialist group. During the Great War, <mask> <mask> served as a front-line soldier in the Austro-Hungarian army and was wounded several times in combat. He studied under Arnold Schoenberg after Austria's defeat. The twelve-tone or serial technique was used by the first disciples of Schoenberg. He was married to Charlotte Demant in 1920. He moved to Berlin in 1925, where he had a hothouse of experimentation in music, theater, film, art and politics.He became involved with the November Group after becoming an active supporter of the Communist Party of Germany. He taught at the Marxist Workers' School in Berlin in the 1920s and his son became an important painter. His music became more popular in style with influences from jazz and cabaret. Bertolt Brecht's own turn towards Marxism happened at the same time. The two artists collaborated for the rest of his life. The song cycle was composed in 1929. 11.The

masks:
Hanns Eisler
Johannes Eisler
Hanns
Eisler


title: Hanns Eisler

texts: work is dedicated to a person. It wasn't written in the twelve-tone technique, but it was an early example of a musical art style known as "news items", which parodied a newspaper's content and style, or that included lyrics lifted directly from a newspaper. The songs in the cycle give titles similar to the headlines in a newspaper. The content reflects <mask>'s socialist leanings, with lyrics about the struggles of ordinary Germans after World War I. The Mother (1932), The Decision (Die Manahme) (1930), and Schweik in the Second World War were written by <mask>. The political turmoil of Weimar Germany in the early 1930s was caused by protest songs that they collaborated on. Their Solidarity Song became a popular militant anthem sung in street protests and public meetings throughout Europe, and their Ballad of Paragraph 218 was the world's first song protesting laws against abortion.From the perspective of prostitutes, hustlers, the unemployed and the working poor, the songs of Brecht-<mask> looked at life from below. The working-class film Kuhle Wampe was written and directed by Slatan Dudow. The Nazi Party banned music and poetry after 1933. Both artists left the country. <mask> traveled for a number of years, working in a number of countries. He spoke from coast to coast during his two visits to the US. <mask> was able to emigrate to the United States with a permanent visa.He taught composition at the New School for Social Research in New York City. He moved to Los Angeles in 1942 to be with Brecht, who had

masks: Eisler Eisler Eisler Eisler Eisler


title: Hanns Eisler

texts: arrived in California in 1941 after crossing the Soviet Union and the Pacific Ocean. In the U.S., <mask> composed music for various documentary films and for eight Hollywood film scores. In 1944 and 1945 the Lonely Heart was nominated for an Oscar. Hangmen Also Die! is also being worked on. Bertolt Brecht was the writer of the story. From 1927 to the end of his life, <mask> wrote the music for 40 films, making film music the largest part of his compositions after vocal music for chorus and/or solo voices.On February 1, 1940, he began work on the "Research Program on the Relation between Music and Films" funded by a grant from the Rockefeller Foundation, which he got with the help of film director Joseph Losey and The New School. The book Composing for the Films was written by Theodor W. Adorno and was published in 1947. The twelve-tone method was used in several chamber and choral compositions of this period. The Fourteen Ways of Describing the Rain is considered a masterpiece by the genre. In the 1930s and 1940s, <mask>'s works included a choral symphony in eleven movements based on poems by Brecht and Ignazio Silone, and a cycle of art songs published as the Hollywood Songbook. It established <mask>'s reputation as one of the 20th century's great composers of German lieder. The Cold War stopped the HUAC investigation from happening.He was one of the first artists to be placed on the Hollywood blacklist. The composer was accused of being the chief Soviet agent in Hollywood in two interrogations by the House

masks: Eisler Eisler Eisler Eisler


title: Hanns Eisler

texts: Committee on Un-American Activities. His sister, Ruth, testified before the Committee that her brother, Gerhart, was a Communist agent. She was called a "German Trotskyite" by the Communist press. The "Comintern March" is one of the works that <mask> composed for the Communist Party. His supporters organized benefit concerts to raise money for his defense fund, but he was deported early in 1948. Billy Bragg and Wilco recorded "Eisler on the Go" in 1998 to protest the composer's deportation."I don't know what I'll do, I don't know what I'll do, <mask>'s on the come and go" is the lyrics of the song. On March 26, 1948, <mask> and his wife, Lou, left from the U.S. and flew to the Czech Republic. He read a statement before he left. The Hitler bandits put a price on my head in 1933 and drove me out. I was proud of being driven out because they were the evil of the period. I was driven out of this country in a ridiculous way. After moving to East Berlin, <mask> returned to Austria.In East Germany, he composed the national anthem of the German Democratic Republic, a cycle of cabaret-style songs to satirical poems by Kurt Tucholsky, and music for theater, films, television and party celebrations. The opera Johannes Faustus on the Faust theme was his most ambitious project. The libretto was published in the fall of 1952. Faust was portrayed as indecisive and betraying the cause of the working class by not joining the German Peasants' War. The SED organ disapproved of the negative depiction of Faust as a traitor and accused


title: Hanns Eisler

texts: the work of being a slap in the face of German national feeling. The opera project was discussed in three of the bi-weekly meetings of the Wednesday club under the auspices of the Berlin Academy of Arts. The last meeting took place on June 10, 1953.The debates were pushed from the agenda after the East German uprising. The music for the opera was not written by <mask>. The 20th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union with its demise of the Stalin cult was a sign that <mask> attempted to work through his depression. The gap between <mask> and the cultural functionaries of East Germany grew larger in the last decade of his life, even though he continued to work as a composer and teacher. He befriended musician Wolf Biermann and tried to promote him, but he was stripped of his GDR citizenship in 1976. The two men collaborated until the latter's death. He never recovered from his friend's death, and his remaining years were marked by depression and declining health.He died of a heart attack in East Berlin in 1962, and is buried in the Dorotheenstadt cemetery. Compositions 1918: Gesang des Abgeschiedenen, after Christian Morgenstern. The first Op. Divertimento for wind quintet was written in 1923. The piano duet No. 4 was written in 1924. 2, Op. Tagebuch des Hanns <mask> (Diary of <mask> <mask>); 11 Zeitungsausschnitte; Ten Lieder; Three Songs for Men's Chorus were written in 1925."Lied der Werkttigen" is a song of the working people. There are six tales and four tales after B. Traven, Kurt Tucholsky, and

masks: Eisler Eisler Eisler Eisler Hanns Eisler


title: Hanns Eisler

texts: Arendt. The first Op. "Lied der roten Flieger" was written for the small theatre orchestra in 1931. 2, Op. "The Song of the Fourth Man", "Streiklied", and "Niemandsland" are three songs. 3, Op."Ballad of the Women and the Soldiers" was written with Brecht. The music for the film Pesn' o geroyakh (Song of Heroes) was composed by Joris Ivens. "Einheitsfrontlied", "Saarlied", and "Song Against War" were written in 1934. In 1935, Die Mutter (The Mother) was rewritten as cantata for chorus, solo voices and two pianos for a New York stage production. 60; Kantate im Exil (Man lebt von dem andern), Op. The word "nein" is derived from the Greek word nein. The Tod das Genossen is Op. 2.64; Kriegskantate, Op. "Begging Song" ist die "Peace Song", after Petere. The music for the film A Child went forth was re-released as Suite for Septet No. There was one op. The film music for The Forgotten Village was written by John Steinbeck. "14 Arten den Regen zum beschreiben" (14 ways to describe rain) was written for the Joris Ivens film Rain. The Piano Sonata No. is a piano piece.Songs for Schweik in the Second World War and "Deutsche Misere" were written in 1943. Frank Borzage directed the film score for The Spanish Main. The film scores were for A Scandal in Paris and Deadline at Dawn. Kurt Tucholsky wrote 36 more songs for Gisela May and Ernst Busch, and seven Lieder after Friedrich Hlderlin. Further reading Alonso, Diego was cited in the 1978 References Works. "From the People to the People: The Reception of <mask> <mask>'s Critical

masks: Hanns Eisler


title: Hanns Eisler

texts: Theory of Music in Spain through the Writings of Otto Mayer-Serra" was published in Musicologica Austriaca. There is a journal for Austrian music studies.<mask> <mask> wrote "They Called Me An Alien". M.A. There is a thesis. Arizona State University. Eva Horn wrote "Bertolt Brecht and the Politics of Secrecy". Hanns <mask> Complete Edition is a projected publication of all his scores and

masks: Hanns Eisler Eisler


title: Ronald Wingate

texts: He was a British colonial administrator, soldier and author. After graduating from Bradfield College and Balliol College, Oxford, <mask> entered the Indian Civil Service. He was an assistant commissioner in Punjab in the civil service. During the First World War, <mask> was assigned to the Mesopotamian Expeditionary Force as an assistant political officer. He was a British diplomat after the war and helped negotiate the Treaty of Seeb. He served in Kashmir for a short time. As the acting Secretary of the Foreign and Political Department of the Indian Government, he held a number of positions in British India.The Ministry of Economic Warfare in Africa and Southeast Asia was founded during the Second World War. He joined the London LCS in 1942, which was devoted to military deception. In 1943, <mask> became the deputy controller of the LCS and helped to form numerous deception plans, including Plan Jael. The official history of Allied deception operations was written at the end of the war. The British delegate on the Tripartite Commission for the Restitution of Monetary Gold was also a director on the board of the Imperial Continental Gas Association. Not in the Limelight, his own memoirs, and Lord Ismay, a biography of General Hastings Ismay were all written by him. On August 31, 1978, <mask> died at the age of 88.The son of a British general who held important positions in Egypt and Sudan was named Wingate. Lawrence of Arabia was a cousin of Wingate. In 1889, Wingate was sent to England to attend school after spending his early childhood in Cairo with his family. He wanted to follow in his father's footsteps and joined the Royal Navy at Bradfield College. He decided to pursue a civil service career after discovering that he could not pass the Navy's medical exam because he was severely near-sighted. He received an MA at Balliol College after leaving Bradfield. While at Oxford, Wingate wanted a career in the Foreign Office, but his father convinced him that posting abroad would be more lucrative.In 1912, <mask> entered the Indian Civil Service after passing the

masks: Wingate Wingate Wingate Wingate Wingate


title: Ronald Wingate

texts: civil service exams. He was sent back to Oxford, where he spent a year studying. During the Christmas holiday of his year at Oxford, <mask> visited his father in Khartoum and met Mary Harpoth Vinogradoff, the step-daughter of Paul Vinogradoff, a prominent scholar at the University of Oxford. The two were engaged six months after meeting, and before <mask> left for his first posting in India. In 1913, he began his career as an assistant commissioner in Sialkot. During the period, Wingate worked at the various tasks of administration, but he enjoyed them. Mary Harpoth went to India in 1916 and was married in Pakistan on November 11.After returning to work, he became an aide de camp and assistant private secretary for the Governor of Punjab. At the beginning of the First World War, <mask> volunteered to serve in Europe, but was turned down because he was a member of theICS. After the entry of the Ottoman Empire into the war, <mask> hoped that his Arabic language skills would lead to a posting with the army, but he remained in India until 1917. After only a year in Delhi, <mask> joined the Mesopotamian Expeditionary Force as an assistant political officer. As a political officer, Wingate helped to rebuild a political system in areas conquered by the British. The customs system in liberated territories was re-established by Wingate. He led a group of political officers in establishing a police force and a basic system of taxation.Notable Western guests, including the Grand Duke of Russia, were entertained by Wingate. The British protected the Gulf States during the war. In addition to his work in traditional political matters, <mask> worked with British agents on several special operations. He helped to bribe the Turkish army officer who was in charge of cutting off the British force near Kut. <mask> ordered one of his aides to get the CUP agent drunk so that he wouldn't reveal the details of the plot. In 1919, after the war, <mask> was appointed British Consul in Muscat. The country was in a state of turmoil due to a long-standing power struggle between the Sultan of

masks: Wingate Wingate Wingate Wingate Wingate Wingate Wingate Wingate


title: Ronald Wingate

texts: the sultanate and the Imamate of the sultan.The Sultan, who was kept in power in the coastal regions through British intervention, was overthrown by the tribesmen in the interior. After assuming his position, <mask> was charged with negotiating a peace between the two groups that would ensure the power of the Sultan and prevent the outbreak of open warfare. The Sultan was unwilling in efforts to reach a settlement. After years trapped in Muscat with no power over the majority of his country, Feisal wanted to abdicate and be guaranteed some small pension which would enable him to live in peace somewhere else. Knowing that the Sultan's support would be key to any plan, <mask> arranged for the Sultan to stay in a villa in the Himalayas for a long state visit to the Viceroy of India. The Council of Ministers was set up to advise the Sultan, but was actually designed to hold the power during his absence. The sultan gave <mask> the power to negotiate on his behalf.Having gained the power to negotiate with the Imam and the tribesmen, Wingate needed to reestablish the power of the Sultanate and find some leverage to force the Imam into negotiations. He sent emissaries to the chief deputy of the Imam in order to raise more revenue for the Sultan. He threatened to impose a "punitive tax" on dates because his initial overtures were unsuccessful. The Sultan had the power to collect such a tax because he had control over the ports and coastal areas. The Imam was murdered by angry farmers after the tax was imposed. A new Imam who was more willing to negotiate was selected and requested a meeting. In late September, a meeting will be held at the coastal town of As Sib.The first two days of the meeting went well, and both sides agreed that if the Sultan did not interfere in the interior, the Imam and tribal leaders would not interfere with his rule in the coastal areas. The tax on dates would be reduced to five percent once an agreement was reached. On the third day, trouble arose when the tribal leaders insisted that the Imam be acknowledged as a religious leader in the text of

masks: Wingate Wingate Wingate


title: Ronald Wingate

texts: the agreement. The tribal leaders were convinced that the Imam should only sign the agreement in his capacity as a representative of the tribe. The treaty was not a treaty at all, but an agreement between the Sultan and his subjects, as the Sultan's sovereignty in all external affairs was recognized. Thirty years of peace was achieved in the interior of the sultan's country, despite the Treaty of Sib being a "bitter blow" to him. In Britain and India, the agreement was well received by both the Viceroy of India and the Secretary of State for India.In July 1921, <mask> contracted Malaria and was given six weeks of medical leave, which he decided to spend in Kashmir. Joe Windham, the British Resident, offered to find him a job in India when he was in Kashmir. In November, <mask> returned to Kashmir as a special assistant to the Resident. In Kashmir, the post of Assistant Resident was abolished in December. <mask> was assigned to Srinagar. Srinagar, the site of a large club for British military officers and civil servants, was where <mask> spent most of his time socializing and playing golf. In January 1923, he was ordered back to Oman to serve as a Consul again.<mask>'s second term as a diplomat lasted only until October when he contracted Malaria for the second time. The citizens of the town of Sur refused to pay their customs duties. In order to get the town to pay, Wingate sent 50 soldiers with machine guns to the town. The town's water supply was cut off when the soldiers landed on the narrow spit of land. After two days without water, the people of the town paid their customs dues. After contracting Malaria in October, Rajputana and Baluchistan returned to England for medical care. After several weeks in a nursing home, <mask> had recovered sufficiently to visit St. Moritz for New Years, but he spent nearly a year on leave golfing at Muirfield.He returned to India in September 1924 to serve as secretary to the agent of the Governor-General of Rajputana. For the first time, Wingate encountered what he considered to be real India, rather than the frontier

masks: Wingate Wingate Wingate Wingate Wingate Wingate


title: Ronald Wingate

texts: regions in which he had previously served, when he accompanied the agent on all of his state visits. The same position was held by Wingate in 1927. In 1928, he was appointed the deputy commissioner and political agent in Pishin. "The happiest time that I spent in India was in Quetta, and I enjoyed it so much that I called it the best time of my life," he said. While serving in Quetta, Wingate established a new water supply and became involved in matters relating to security and criminal justice. The leaders of the Achakzai tribe were ordered to be arrested.The Army criticized Wingate after members of the tribe kidnapped two British military officers and held them for ransom. In the end, Wingate paid a small portion of the ransom, and threatened to send troops after the kidnappers, leading to the release of both the hostages. King Amnullh, who was on his way to Europe, was briefly hosted by <mask>. During his year's leave from India in 1930, Wingate traveled around Europe. After only a few months, he received a new assignment with the Indian government in Delhi. The deputy secretary of the Foreign and Political Department of the Indian government was appointed in 1932. As India was in the middle of reforms aimed at eventual independence, the result of the Simon Commission's report made it interesting to be in the high levels of the government.The princely states were to be integrated with the rest of India in preparation for independence. Determining how many representatives each of the states would have in the Assembly of India was a particular challenge. A scheme based on permutations and combinations of the number of guns which were fired to salute the categories of Indian princes was proposed by Wingate. The idea was adopted by the government. In 1935, <mask> was granted a year's leave and took a vacation with his wife. After hearing of the 1935 Quetta earthquake, Wingate returned to England to see if his services were needed by the government. He volunteered to return there immediately because of his loyalty.After less than half of his promised leave, he was

masks: Wingate Wingate


title: Ronald Wingate

texts: ordered to return to India and become the Revenue Commissioner of Baluchstan. He spent the first six weeks of his time in the city helping to remove "four hundred smashed corpses and disintegrating a day" from the ruins of the city after the earthquake. The Chief Commissioner of Baluchistan, Alexander Cater, left his position and was replaced by Wingate. As an officer of the Indian Civil Service, <mask> supported Indian self-rule and saw the end of British India as inevitable. After his term as revenue commissioner ended, he decided to leave India. He was offered the position of Minister to Nepal but turned it down. He planned to retire at the end of two years of leave that he had saved.In early 1939, he rented a flat on the Embankment, where he planned to live with his wife. He decided to run for a seat in the House of Commons as the member from his constituency was planning to retire. After the Second World War, the member of parliament decided not to retire and decided that he would be useless as a Member of Parliament. After the Second World War, Wingate was assigned to the Ministry of Economic Warfare and granted the rank of second lieutenant in the Army. Sir <mask>'s had preceded him early in the war. The Prime Minister was escort to Washington DC by Cawthorne and Peter Fleming. The outcome of the conference was disappointing for the British, as they lost the arguments to the Americans.The British didn't give up on their goal of equalizing with the US Joint Staff Planners, even though they pressed for a combined strategy for the China-Burma theatre of deception. He was part of the planning staff of the War Cabinet and was assigned to the London Controlling Section. He was well-qualified for the position due to his extensive social connections, including friends with several European monarchs, as well as his reputation. While at LCS, he was given access to the highest levels of secrecy and later wrote a biography of Hastings Ismay. They spent time together in India and were friendly with each other. While serving with the LCS, he held the rank of lieutenant

masks: Wingate Ronald


title: Ronald Wingate

texts: colonel. Plan Jael was an attempt to hide the true nature and location of the D-Day landings.Plan Jael Wingate was presented to a meeting of American and British officers in the summer of 1943, who found the plan so ambitious as to be the subject of some question as to its general plausibility. Wingate helped to co-ordinate the plan in the end. The letters planted on a fake corpse were approved by Wingate, who was involved in the planning for many deceptions. The Japanese dropped three agents and turned them over to the Allied controller, who doubled them. The cross channel phase of Operation Overlord was covered by Wingate. Sir Frederick Morgan initially believed that no deception plan could successfully disguise Neptune, but was persuaded to at least allow LCS to make an effort. The proposals were encapsulated in the operation.Allied plans for an invasion of France were noticed by the Germans. They were told to approach Spain, Sweden and Turkey to ask for their help in landing in Southern France. The Allies wanted the Germans to expect landings in southern France instead of in Normandy. The plan was a huge success, as the Spanish passed the information to the Germans and they agreed to give aid to soldiers wounded in the landings. After the Normandy landings, the British lied to the Spanish and said that they no longer needed Spanish help, as the plans for the south of France had been canceled. The Germans were told about the actual landings in the South of France by the Spanish. The last operation of the Middle eastern campaign was arranged by him on his return from India.He arrived with orders from Mountbatten and Fleming. He visited the theatre in New Delhi on December 20th and the JSC on December 29th. The'mutual admiration society' was reformed by Wingate. To find out what notional information could be passed onto the Japanese by Peter Fleming in India. On April 23, 1945, <mask> left Cairo. He was warmly welcomed when he arrived at Manila to work with Goldbranson, the American agent, who he worked with in the Far East. The Americans were eager to end the


title: Ronald Wingate

texts: war, but they were not helped by the appearance of US spycraft.The report was approved by a conference in London in 1947 and was described as urbane, literate and readable. The report of the Allied deception strategies was kept a secret for many years, as <mask> explained: "We wanted no articles in the Reader's Digest about how the Allies had outwitted the German General Staff." We might have to take on the Russian General Staff. After the war, he was a member of the British delegation to the Tripartite Commission for the Restitution of Monetary Gold. After completing most of its work, <mask> retired from the Commission. After leaving the Tripartite Commission, <mask> was named a Companion in The Most Honorable Order of the Bath. From 1953 until 1966 he was on the board of the Imperial Continental Gas Association.In 1955, a biography of his father was published in the book Wingate of the Sudan. Not in the Limelight was written by <mask> in 1959. He wrote a biography of Hastings Ismay in 1970. The biography of <mask> of the Sudan was based on private correspondence and diaries, which Wingate had access to. The book was praised by Muhammad Sabry in the Middle East Journal as a real contribution to African history. His memoirs, Not in the Limelight, was a reference to his own career but not much else. The book was engaging with flashes of shrewdness and a sense of wit.<mask>'s revelations about the Treaty of Seeb, as well as the intriguing details he revealed about both colonial India and the Second World War, were praised by Caroe and others. Lord Ismay: A Biography was released in 1970. The book made it clear that <mask>'s respect for Ismay was clear. The book was different from Ismay's own memoirs which were "modest and discreet." Brian Porter wrote in International Affairs that the book was a welcome contribution to recent history. On August 31, 1978, <mask> died. The British India Alumni of Balliol College, Oxford Baronets in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom, and the Order of the Bath Companions of the Order of St Michael and St George had administrators


title: Jason Mraz

texts: <mask> is an American musician and singer. He rose to prominence with the release of his debut studio album, Waiting for My Rocket to Come, which spawned the single "The Remedy (I Won't Worry)", that reached the top 20 on the Hot Billboard 100 chart. Mr. A-Z and We Sing are his next two studio albums. We dance. We steal things. "Make It Mine" and "Lucky" with Colbie Caillat were the lead singles from the latter album, which peaked in the top five on the Billboard 200. The album's lead single "I'm Yours" spent a record 76 weeks on the Hot 100 and was certified Diamond by the Recording Industry Association of America.His fourth album, Love Is a Four Letter Word, peaked at number two on the Billboard 200, becoming his highest-charting album to date, and spawned the single "I Won't Give Up", which became his second top ten on the Hot 100. <mask> has received a number of awards, including two Teen Choice Awards, a People's Choice Award, and the Hal David Songwriters Hall of Fame Award. <mask> has sold over seven million albums and over 11 million digital singles. His musical style has been influenced by Brazilian music. <mask> was born and raised in Virginia. His grandfather moved to the United States from Austria-Hungary in 1915. His mother's name is (, ).When he was five years old, his parents divorced, leaving him to live with his father while his sister lived with his mother. His mother is a vice president at a branch of Bank of America, and his father is a postal worker. Young MC is known for his song "Bust a Move". <mask> was a member of the cheerleading squad, school chorus, and drama club at Lee-Davis High School. He played Joseph in Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat, as well as in a play about the Peanuts characters. <mask> graduated from college. He wondered if he was gay at times during this time.One of the influences that drove Mraz to write was his early girlfriend.

masks: Mraz Mraz Mraz Mraz Mraz Mraz


title: Jason Mraz

texts: She encouraged him to write his thoughts on paper, which helped him get all of the voices in his head to shut up. After high school, <mask> went to the American Musical and Dramatic Academy in New York City to work in musical theater. He provided the vocals when his roommates played guitar. He learned to play and write his own music after a friend gave him a guitar that was about to be thrown away. A series of odd jobs, including an elementary-school janitor, were taken by Mraz when he moved to the Shockoe Bottom neighborhood of Virginia. Mraz received a scholarship to attend the university.He decided to stay in San Diego after going west on a road trip instead of attending classes. After moving to San Diego in 1999, <mask> became a roadie for the band. He met future band member Toca Rivera at Java Joe's, a coffee house in the Ocean Beach neighborhood of San Diego known for being formative in the careers of Jewel and Steve Poltz. Mraz performed once a week for nearly three years, building a following in San Diego and online. In 2001, Mraz released From the Cutting Room Floor and Oh Love, In Sadness, which were self-released and pressed in a limited number of copies. The live acoustic album Live at Java Joe's was released in 2001. "You and I Both" and "Halfway Home" were re-releases of songs from the album.On March 11, 2008, the album was made available to download on the internet. <mask> performed at Java Joe's for the 15th anniversary of his album on September 21, 2002. In Stereo was <mask>' last self-released album. <mask> moved to Los Angeles after signing a recording contract with Elektra Records. He opened for Jewel in 2002. On October 15, 2002, <mask>'s first major label debut album, Waiting for My Rocket to Come, peaked at number 55 on the Billboard 200. The first single, "You & I Both," was sent to radio stations time for the album's release, but did not receive a lot of


title: Jason Mraz

texts: play.The more upbeat "The Remedy (I Won't Worry)" was released in early 2003 by the label. The track was co-written by music production team The Matrix, and became <mask>'s first top-40 single on the Hot 100, peaking at number 15. A high school friend was diagnosed with cancer and inspired the song. At the time of the album's release, <mask> said that he did not like "The Remedy (I Won't Worry)" and had not wanted it on the album because it had started as a special and experimental song and the record label had "chalked up this chorus". <mask> played on "The Late Late Show With Craig Kilborn" the day after the album's release. "You & I Both" would be re-released as the second official single, after being shot a music video for a second time. Waiting for My Rocket to Come was certified Platinum for selling 1 million units.<mask> opened for Tracy Chapman at the Royal Albert Hall. In 2004, while on tour, <mask> released a live album with an accompanying DVD, Tonight, Not Again: <mask> Live at the Eagles Ballroom. He performed with his band, which included drummer Adam King, Rivera, and keyboardist Eric Hinojosa, as well as a guest appearance from Blues Traveler's John Popper. Mr. A–Z was produced by Steve Lillywhite for Atlantic Records. Kevin Kadish produced the album's lead single, "Wordplay". Lillywhite received a nomination for Producer of the Year for the album. <mask> started a tour in support of Mr. A–Z at the San Diego Music Awards.He had written a duet with Bushwalla called "Shy That Way" in 2002, which was one of the opening acts on the tour. During her 2005 Jagged Little Pill acoustic tour, <mask> opened for Alanis Morissette, while the Rolling Stones played five dates during their 2005–06 world tour. He performed at the annual Mosaic Music Festival in Singapore. He toured the U.S., along with a few shows in the United Kingdom and Ireland where he supported James Blunt. <mask>

masks:
Mraz
Mraz
Mraz
Mraz
Mraz
Jason Mraz
Mraz
Mraz
Mraz


title: Jason Mraz

texts: performed a free concert at the base of the Gateway Arch on July 1, 2006 as a headline guest. The opening act for Rob Thomas' Something to Be Tour was <mask>. In 2005, <mask> was one of many singers featured in the fall advertisement campaign for The Gap, singing a cover of Bob Marley's "One Love".The Songs for Friends Tour recorded a live, online-only album called Selections for Friends. The song "The Beauty in Ugly" was changed for the ABC show "Ugly Betty". The song was used in a campaign by ABC. Chris Richardson performed a cover of <mask>'s "Geek in the Pink" on American IDOL. We sing. We dance. We steal things.On May 13, 2008, <mask> released his third studio album, We Sing. We dance. We steal things. The album was number 3 on the chart. It was number 3 in the US and Australia on many international music charts. It was certified Platinum for selling 1 million units. The title of the album was taken from the work of a Scottish artist, according to <mask>.The acoustic versions of songs from the album were included in the three Mraz EPs. When Mr. A-Z came out, "I'm Yours" was released as a free acoustic B-side. The popularity of the song was gained through <mask>'s live performances. When he played it at a festival in Sweden in 2007, the fans were ecstatic and singing along, after which <mask> realized the song's popularity and decided to make it the centerpiece of his next album. <mask>'s first Top 10 hit was "I'm Yours", which peaked at #6 on the Hot 100. It spent 76 weeks on the Hot 100, which is longer than any other song in the magazine's 51-year history. It received a 7x multi-Platinum certification from the RIAA for digital sales of over seven million.The song peaked in the top ten on the charts in 11 other countries, including New Zealand, Norway, Portugal and Sweden. By May 2012 it had gained over 125,000,000 hits. It was the first song to top the charts in four different

masks: Mraz Mraz Mraz Mraz Mraz Mraz Mraz Mraz


title: Jason Mraz

texts: radio formats. The Latin Pop and Smooth Jazz charts were made by it. <mask> won Best Male Pop Vocal Performance and Best Pop Collaboration for "Lucky" with Colbie Caillat. "I'm Yours" was nominated for a number of awards at the 2009, including Song of the Year and Best Male Pop Vocal Performance. We dance.We steal things. The album was nominated for an award. "I'm Yours" was named the Song of the Year by the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers. <mask>'s 2008 world tour took him all over the world. A Thousand Things was his personal photo travelogue from the world tour. The book contains Polaroids from his time touring and backpacking around Europe, and was launched with a photo exhibition at the end of 2008. <mask> sold out London's Royal Albert Hall and played to a crowd of over 50,000 people in Hyde Park, London, in 2008.He had a Music, Magic & Make Peace Tour with Bushwalla, The Makepeace Brothers, and a magician. The magician was brought along by <mask> after he picked up magic as a hobby. We dance. We steal things. On January 31, 2009, <mask> was the musical guest on Saturday Night Live, performing "I'm Yours" and "Lucky", which peaked on the Hot 100 at number 82. The Hal David Starlight Award was given to <mask> in 2009. In 2009, while preparing for his new album, <mask> recorded "The Way Is Love", an unfinished Roy Orbison song, as a duet with Willie Nelson.In November 2009, he released a live CD/DVD called Beautiful Mess: Live on Earth. He went to Brazil the next year to record "Simplesmente Todo" with Nascimento, who sings in both Portuguese and English. He recorded new material with Martin Terefe. Live Is A Four Letter Word was released on February 28, 2012 and the Life Is Good was released on October 5, 2010. Love Is a Four Letter Word was released on April 13, 2012 It reached the top 20 in 10 other countries. "I Won't Give Up" was number 8 on the Hot 100

masks: Mraz Mraz Mraz Mraz Mraz Mraz Mraz


title: Jason Mraz

texts: and number 1 on the Digital Songs chart.In October of last year, it was certified 4x multi-Platinum, for selling in excess of 4 million units. An official version of the track was not released until after <mask>'s tour ended. It received a lot of attention through live performances and online. The official video gained over 2.5 million views in the first 10 days. Love Is a Four Letter Word was nominated for an award. <mask> won the People's Choice Award for Favorite Male Artist. Farm Aid was held in Kansas City.In 2012 he played sold-out shows at the Hollywood Bowl in Los Angeles, Madison Square Garden in New York and the O2 Arena in London, and performed at President Barack Obama and family's lighting of the national Christmas tree at the White House. He performed "You Did It" in 2012 at the Kennedy Center's presentation ceremony for the Mark Twain Prize for American humor. Yes! On July 15, 2014, <mask>'s fifth studio album, Yes!, was released. He recorded his first acoustic album with Raining Jane. "A Beautiful Mess" was co-written by them for <mask>'s 2008 album We Sing. We dance.We steal things. There is a cover of "It's So Hard to Say Goodbye to Yesterday" on Yes! <mask> and Raining Jane wrote it. The lead single, "Love Someone", was released on May 19, 2014, with <mask> performing an acoustic version of the song for Time. We Can Take the Long Way is a music video trilogy for the first three songs on Yes! "Hello, You Beautiful Thing" and "Love Someone" are examples. It was on the USA Today website.<mask> will make his Broadway debut in the musical Waitress. He played the role of Dr. Pomatter for 10 weeks. Sara Bareilles rejoined the cast during his run and he played the role of Dr. Pomatter until February 11, 2018, when he retired. He sang "You Matter to Me" and "Bad Idea" on Sara Bareilles' album What's Inside: Songs From Waitress. Know. Prior to and following his involvement in


title: Jason Mraz

texts: Waitress, <mask> began work on a follow-up album to Yes!. He released his sixth studio album, Know., on August 10, 2018, a play on the previous album's title.He referred to the new album as bright and shiny and a "classic-sounding pop acoustic, vocally driven record with positive lyrics and love songs." The song "Have It All" was written by <mask> and Raining Jane after he received a blessing from a Buddhist monk. The song was released as the lead single to the new album and a video was filmed with students from his hometown. The second track off of Know was released by Mraz. "Unlonely" is what it was called. The song " More Than Friends" was a duet withMeghan Trainor. There was a concert film and behind the scenes footage of the making of the "Have It All" video in 600 movie theaters throughout North America.Know was his sixth album. He was the lead vocalist of the song "Miracle" on the album The Secret. <mask> was named the first-ever District Advocate Ambassador on August 13, 2019. The three-album agreement was signed in June 2020, and was led by the Vice President of A&R and the Executive Vice President of Repertoire and Marketing. <mask> was married to Edley in 2001. They separated the next year. They broke off their engagement six months after they were engaged on Christmas Eve.<mask> has said that he eats mostly raw vegan foods. His diet has influenced his music. He has a five-and-a-half acre farm in Oceanside, California. He named his tour Gratitude Café after his vegan restaurant in Los Angeles. His hobbies include surfing and yoga. <mask> married his girlfriend, Christina Carano, in a private ceremony in his hometown of Mechanicsville, Virginia. <mask> wrote a "love letter" to the LGBT community in June of last year.There is a line in the poem. The media reported that the poem represented <mask>'s coming out as bisexual. <mask> stated in an article that he has had previous

masks: Mraz Mraz Mraz Mraz Mraz Mraz Mraz Mraz Mraz


title: Jason Mraz

texts: experiences with men, even while dating Carano. Carano defined him as a "two-spirit", a description that was criticized by some as misappropriating a word originally designed for the native population. In an interview with the New York Post, <mask> said that he didn't know how to come out and sing happy love songs because he was closeted. The struggle that people in the LGBT community have is what I realized. There was no backlash when he came out, and I think that is a joke.Once you say something, nobody cares. <mask> is a social activist whose philanthropic efforts span wide-ranging issues, including the environment, human rights and LGBT equality. After learning one of his beer bottles was for sale on eBay, <mask> was inspired to auction off items of his wardrobe online, raising money for the Make a Wish Foundation. He encouraged his fans to bring food to the venue in order to support local food banks. In 2009, he participated in a rescue mission to Ghana with members of Free the Slaves, a global nonprofit working to liberate children sold into slavery. In 2012 he was featured on the cover of Instinct magazine, the first ever straight man to do so. The mission of the foundation is to support charities in the areas of human equality, environment preservation and education.The Save The Music Foundation, MusiCares, Surfrider Foundation, Free the Children, Life Rolls On, and the True Colors Fund are some of the organizations supported by the foundation. The 2010 Surf Industry Manufacturers Association Humanitarian of the Year was named <mask>. The Surfrider Foundation gave him the Clean Water Award in 2010 for helping to preserve the world's oceans and beaches. He and The Nature Conservancy created a PSA using his song "I'm Yours" to raise awareness about the organization's efforts to protect the earth. <mask> was the first foreign artist to perform in an open-air concert in the country

masks: Mraz Mraz Mraz Mraz Mraz


title: Jason Mraz

texts: to raise awareness about human traffickers. The concert was held in the People's Square in Yangon, with over 70,000 people in attendance, as part of an initiative to raise awareness about human traffickers. A group of environmentalists, scientists and researchers, led by Al Gore, spent a week in Antarctica in 2012 to learn about the effects of climate change.WhyHunger is a grassroots support organization dedicated to fighting hunger and poverty in the United States. The organization was founded in 1975. On June 19, 2020, <mask> announced he would be donating all of his profits from his album "Look for the Good" to Black Lives Matter and other organizations working toward equality and justice. "Bernie is the perfect candidate to follow Trump and continue to shake up the system for the benefit of true American values: Life, Liberty, and The Pursuit of Happiness", said <mask>. Waiting for My Rocket to Come is a studio album. We dance. We steal things.Love is a four letter word Know. Look for the Good Awards and nominations in 2020. Award! Year! Nominee(s)! Category!Result! class "unsortable" "I'm Yours" is the Best Male Pop Vocal Performance at the Grammy Awards. Look for the Good is the album of the year. The San Diego Music Awards have rowspan and rowspan and rowspan and rowspan and rowspan and rowspan and rowspan and rowspan and rowspan and rowspan and rowspan and rowspan and rowspan and rowspan and rowspan and rowspan and rowspan and rows We dance. We steal things."Love Someone" is the Best Music Video of the Year. "Have It All" is the song of the year. Pollstar Concert Industry Awards for Best New Touring Artist, as well as the Teen Choice Award for Choice Music - Male Artist, were among the awards. We dance. We steal things. The Late Show with David Letterman and Saturday Night Live were both hosted by David Letterman. There are American people of Czech descent and American people

masks: Mraz Mraz


title: Brian Edmund Baker

texts: Air Marshall Sir <mask> was an officer of the Royal Air Force who served in both World Wars. He was a flying ace in World War I, with twelve victories, which included one enemy aircraft captured, four destroyed, and seven "out of control" (including one shared). <mask> attended the college between 1910 and 1914. On January 9, 1915, <mask> received a commission as a second lieutenant in the 15th service battalion of the rifle brigade. In August 1915, <mask> was transferred into the Royal Flying Corps and received a certificate from the Royal Aero Club. There was a military flying school in 1915. On December 7, 1915, <mask> was assigned to the General List, attached to the Royal Flying Corps, and appointed a flying officer.He only had 12 hours of flight time in his log book. The 13 squadron flew the BE.2 aircraft. He was appointed a flight commander with the temporary rank of captain on February 6th, 1917. The squadron flew the Bristol F.2B. He gained 12 victories between June and November 1917. 141 Squadron was promoted from captain to temporary major. He was an instructor at the School of Technical Training after the war.He was assigned to No in December of 1921 after training as a flying instructor. The Flying Training School is located in Egypt. He was appointed Officer Commanding, Aden Flight, in February 1924. He returned to No. in April 1925. As instructor and commander, 4 FTS. He was promoted to squadron leader on July 1, 1925. In March 1926, <mask> was appointed Officer

masks:
Brian Edmund Baker
Baker
Baker
Baker
Baker
Baker