title: Stephanie Rice

texts: of the 4200-metre freestyle relay team. Australia was in second place at the end of her leg. <mask> started the meet with a solid performance in the 200m individual medley. She sliced 1.42 seconds off her personal best time despite losing her world record. She failed to make the final after experimenting with the 200 metres freestyle. The team was never in medal contention because of the absence of Linda, Kylie, and Meagan. <mask> finished with a bronze in the final of the individual medley.She received a silver medal for her contributions in the relay. <mask> competed in the 200 m and 400 m individual swimming events. She failed to win a medal in the 200 m backstroke. She won a bronze medal in the 400 m medley with a time of 4:04:23, but lost out on the silver to HannahMiley. <mask> competed in the 2012 Olympics after having shoulder surgeries. She finished fourth and sixth in the 200 m individual backstroke. She decided to retire from swimming after the 2012 London Olympics.<mask> had a personal best of 2:07:03 in the 200 m individual medley achieved at the World Aquatic championships, Rome in 2009, and a personal best of 4:29:45 in the 400 m individual medley achieved during her gold winning effort at the Summer Olympics 2008. Australian swimmer of the year. <mask> was the Female World Swimmer of the Year in 2008 and the Pacific Rim Swimmer of the Year in 2009. <mask> attended Clayfield College in high school. <mask> came under fire in September 2010 when she made a homophobic comment about a Rugby Union match in which the Australian Wallabies defeated the South African Springboks. <mask> said "Suck on that faggots!". <mask> apologized for the remark.<mask> is a vegan. <mask> was the winner of the 3rd season of The Celebrity Apprentice Australia. There is a list of multiple Olympic gold medals at a single

masks: Rice Rice Rice Rice Rice Rice Rice Rice Rice Rice Rice Rice


title: Armand d'Artois

type: paraphrased

texts: <mask>'Artois was a 19th-century French playwright and librettist. He was trained for the bar and worked as an attorney before dedicating himself to literature after the success of his play. After receiving the Legion of Honour in 1818, he joined the guards of the king of Belgium. Francis baron d'Allarde and Gabriel de Lurieu were two of the collective pseudonyms he wrote under. Le Nain couleur de rose, a political, literary and moral newspaper, was directed by the managing director of the Thétre des Variétés. Some of the most important Parisian stages of the 19th century were the Thétre du Vaudeville and the Thétre du Palais-Royal. The Dictionnaire universel des contemporains was written by Louis Gustave Vapereau.Ferdinand Natanael Staaff, La littérature franaise depuis la formation de la langue jusqu' nos jours, 1878. Larousse mensuel illustré was published in 1913. Henry Gidel wrote about Le Vaudeville in 1986. Le thtre de l'opéra-comique sous la restauration was published in 2001. The births and deaths of 19th-century French male and female dramatists and playwrights.


title: Billie Anthony

texts: A Scottish female singer was born in October of 1932 and died in January of 1991. Despite competition from other versions of the same song, her Top 10 hit version of "This Ole House" reached No. There are 4 in the UK chart. In Glasgow, Scotland, where she was born, her mother was a dancer and her father was a song and dance man. She was Levy's mother. Although her parents divorced when she was eighteen days old, she wanted to be a dancer and spent her entire childhood in and around the theatre. After leaving school, she reluctantly agreed to train as a dressmaker because her mother was against her going into show business.Her love for the theatre proved too strong. When she was fourteen, she ran away from home and joined the chorus of a touring show called "May Moxon's Young Ladies". She met Peter, who was part of a famous show business family, five years later. Due to their love of dancing, they formed their own double act. They toured variety theatres as "The Debonair Dancers - Four Educated Feet". When Peter was called up to do his national service with the Royal Air Force, they abandoned their act. During their time on the variety circuit, the two of them became friends with a singer named TonyBrent, who had several hit records to his name.Levy decided to go solo in an effort to make a living as a singer while her husband was away, after she was advised by her husband to do so. He arranged for her to do a trial recording after introducing her to his manager. She recorded and released her first single "I'd Rather Take My Time" in October of 1953 after months of voice training and changing her name. It didn't make any impression. <mask> and Elliott got married in February of 1954. The marriage didn't last as they


title: Billie Anthony

texts: realized that their lives weren't going in the same direction. <mask> had achieved a high level of popularity as a vocalist by the time Elliott had finished his service in the RAF, and he wanted to explore other possibilities.They divorced in the early 1960s. Her second record, "Ricochet", was released in January of 1954. Her third record, "Bell Bottom Blues", was released in March of 1954. "Cross Over The Bridge" and "I Get So Lonely" were recorded in April as duets with Tony Brent. She finally made the charts with her sixth record. "This Ole House" was a song. Rosemary Clooney was one of the singers who recorded the same song, but she was competing with <mask> for the top spot. The battle for the number one spot in the UK and America was won by Clooney, who was 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217<mask> made it to No. Four people were in the UK Singles Chart for sixteen weeks. She became known as "Britain's Blonde Bombshell" after the success of "This Ole House". Despite <mask>'s good looks and voice, no other record of hers has ever made the UK chart, leaving her with the unfortunate one hit wonder tag. "Teach Me Tonight" and "No More" were her follow up discs. In January 1955, Stuart Hamblin, the American country and western singer-songwriter and

masks: Anthony Anthony Anthony Anthony


title: Billie Anthony

texts: composer of "This Ole House", came to London and met her and presented her with the choice of another number from the material he had written. Many people consider "Shake The Hand of a stranger" to be the best song of her career.It was recorded and released in April. Although they sold in sizeable numbers, songs such as "Boom Boom Boomerang", "Ten Little Kisses" and "The Old Pianna Rag" did not take <mask> back to the charts. During 1955, she toured relentlessly around the UK and was visited in her dressing room by Gene Kelly, who was in the audience. He talked about a part for her in a musical film, but the movie part was never offered. <mask>'s busiest years were 1955 to 1957. Her fan club was formed due to the increasing demand and she made regular appearances on radio and television. In 1957, Harry Secombe was on the road with a variety show.<mask> entertained the forces in Cyprus, Malta and North Africa in the early 1960's. She spent the rest of the year touring in variety, doing one-night stands and service camp dates. Hughie Green's Double Your Money show was interrupted by a summer season at the Great Yarmouth's Regal Theatre. After six and a half years, her recording career stopped. <mask>'s last offerings were "Sure Fire Love" and "A Handful of Gold". She was quoted as saying, "I'll let the rock 'n' roll boys come and go and then I'll be back". After the birth of her daughter Jessica in 1968, <mask> decided to concentrate on full-time motherhood.She lived quietly in Hornsey, north London. <mask> lost consciousness after suffering a series of strokes. She died in London's Whittington Hospital on January 5, 1991, at the age of 58. There are external links to the website of the 20th-century Scottish women

masks: Anthony Anthony Anthony Anthony Anthony Anthony


title: William A. Wilson (folklorist)

texts: <mask> "Bert<mask> was a Mormon folklore scholar. The folklore archives at Utah State University were found and organized by the "Father of Mormon folklore". The folklore archive at USU was directed by him from 1978 to 1985. He and his students collected jokes, legends, stories, songs, and other information to add to the Mormon folklore archives. <mask> was the son of <mask>, who worked as a railroad foreman for Union Pacific, and <mask>. Downey, Idaho was a small, close-knit community where he grew up. Eugene England was his best friend.He was the first of his family to attend university. He was on a mission for the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. He gained an appreciation for the culture of Finns when he was there. He was a missionary and met a sister. They were married in the Salt Lake Temple on May 31, 1957. They had four children. <mask> taught English for a year at Bountiful High School before earning an MA in English.Robert Blair suggested that he study folklore at Indiana University because of the good reputation of the school's folklore program. His interest in folklore was not enthusiastic at first. <mask> was able to fund his studies at Indiana University thanks to the National Defense Language Scholarship. He studied both countries under the scholarship. <mask> received a grant to study the cultural history of Finland. He was interested in the idea that the soul of a culture could be seen through folklore. <mask>'s topic was approved by Richard Dorson, the director of folklore studies and <mask>'s mentor.<mask>'s committee was chaired by Felix J. Oinas. <mask> was 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217

masks:
William Albert
" Wilson
William Albert Wilson
Bill Wilson
Lucile Wilson
Wilson
Wilson
Wilson
Wilson
Wilson
Wilson
Wilson


title: William A. Wilson (folklorist)

texts: 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 He took a leave of absence in 1973. <mask> discovered Mormon folklore when he took an interest in Mormon folklore. He surprised Dorson with his ability to collect Mormon folklore outside of the Mountain states when he wrote an article on Three Nephites stories in 1969. <mask> said that the stories showed how Mormons believe in a personal and benevolent God. <mask> wanted to extend folklore studies to include everyday life in Mormondom, so he focused on supernatural tales and legends.<mask> wrote dozens of articles on Mormon folklore, covering topics like Mormon humor, Mormon missionaries, the portrayal of minority groups among Mormons, and family folklore. He found that Mormon folklore supports certain behaviors and authority, but allows for the possibility of rebellion. As folklore is passed between members, it changes to reflect the needs of the people telling it. Even if the stories did not happen, they arepsychologically true. <mask> held meetings with the Utah State Historical Society to revive the Folklore Society of Utah. He lectured to people about the importance of folklore studies. <mask> chaired the Folk Arts Panel on the Utah Arts Council

masks: Wilson Wilson Wilson Wilson Wilson Wilson


title: William A. Wilson (folklorist)

texts: from 1976 to 1984.He was a member of the National Endowment for the Arts Folk Arts Panel for four years in the 1980s and received funding for an annual Cowboy Poetry Gathering. <mask> was the Director of the Redd Center for Western Studies and received the title of Professor of Folklore and Literature in 1990. The goal was to publish articles that the average college student could understand. A recent book on Mormon folklore was dedicated to him. <mask> was the director of the folklore program and archives at Utah State University from 1978 to 1985, expanding and formalizing the collection that <mask> E. and <mask>a S. Fife started. While working as director of the archive, he and Barbara Walker established a taxonomy for archive folk materials, which he developed from Jan Harold Brunvand's system printed in The Study of American Folklore. <mask>'s new system allows for additional classifications.<mask> helped to create a new master's program in American studies with an emphasis on folklore. <mask> directed the Fife Folklore Conference while he was working at Utah State University. The English department was chaired by <mask> from 1985 to 1991. He used the method he had developed at Utah State University to organize the new folklore archive. Students wrote for <mask>, Sorenson, and Cheney in the beginning of the archive. The material culture popular with Mormons and the Intermountain West is reported in the collection's papers. When <mask> retired, the collection became part of the Harold B. Lee Library's collection.The William A. Wilson Folklore Archives became part of the L. Tom Perry Special Collections division in 1999. The Utah Governor's Award in the Arts was given to Karl G. Maeser, a fellow of the American Folklore

masks: Wilson Wilson Austin Alt Wilson Wilson Wilson Wilson Wilson Wilson


title: Pavel Postyshev

texts: <mask> was a Soviet politician, state and Communist Party official. He was a member of Joseph Stalin's inner circle. Postyshev was found guilty of genocide in 2010 for his part in causing the mass starvation in Ukraine in the early 1930s. The family of a Russian weaver is where Postyshev was born. He was a member of the Russian Social-Democratic Labour Party from 1904 and later joined the Bolshevik group. He was deported to the Irkutsk region after spending four years in the Vladimir Central Prison. He played a major role in bringing Irkutsk under the control of the Bolsheviks during the October Revolution.He was transferred to central Ukraine in 1923 to supervise the organization of the Communist Party committee. In 1925, Postyshev became secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party. He was a member of the Politburo and Organizational Bureau of the Communist Party. At the 15th Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks), in December 1927, he was elected a member of the Central Committee. This was a time of upheaval in the countryside as Joseph Stalin forced peasants onto collective farms. In May 1930, Postyshev wrote in Pravda that party officials in Ukranian complained that collectivisation was being driven ahead too quickly. He was part of the inner leadership in Moscow even though he wasn't a member of the Politburo.In November 1930, the chairman of the Russian federal government complained that "everything is decided behind the back of the Politburo by a tiny group", which included Postyshev. There were difficulties in enforcing grain collection in the Lower Volga region. Postyshev sacked the district official when he said "we have nothing left to winnow or thresh". The territorial party committee admitted that it wouldn't have met its grain procurement target without Postyshev's help. Over 18 months, the population in the territory fell due to the arrests and food shortages. Postyshev sent


title: Pavel Postyshev

texts: Oleksandr Shumsky were among those arrested.Many other people avoided being denounced by working for Moscow. The Ukrainian Communist Party was also targeted. Postyshev sacked 237 secretaries of district party committees and 249 chairmen of district executive committees before the Great Purge. During his first year in Ukraine, almost 100,000 members were expelled. The majority were exiled or shot according to Postyshev. The highest ranked person was paraded through a show trial. Postyshev's purges spread beyond perceived "Ukrainianizers," "nationalists," and opponents of collectivization.The entire class of kulaks, priests, people who had been members of anti-Bolshevik armies, and even ethnic Ukrainians who had traveled abroad were included. In February 1934, Postyshev was elected to the Politburo. He was the First Secretary of the Kyiv party committee after the Ukrainian capital moved. The socialist reconstruction of the city involved the destruction of churches, monuments, and Orthodox and Jewish cemeteries. The New Year tree tradition in the Soviet Union was revived by Postyshev. The letter from Postyshev was published in Pravda on December 28, 1935 and called for the installation of New Year trees in schools, children's homes, Young Pioneer Palaces, children's clubs and cinemas. Postyshev appeared to be well placed to survive and benefit from the Great Purge.In August 1936, the first of the Moscow Show Trials, defendants were made to confess to having planned to assassinate eight leading communists, including Stalin, the late Sergei Kirov, and <mask>. He was removed from his post as First Secretary of the Kyiv party organisation in January 1937. He had a normal ruthlessness, but had acquired enemies who accused him of removing good communists from the organisation. The name Yezhovschina became synonymous with the Great Purge after the Central Committee of the Communist Party accused him of persecuting innocent


title: Han Zihao

texts: There is a Chinese Muay Thai fighter. He is fighting for a title. The ONE Muayweight Thai World Championship was challenged by <mask>. <mask> started martial arts in China with Sanda and the Muay Thai. He moved to Thailand at the age of 14 to get better training. <mask> made his ONE Championship debut against Panicos at ONE Championship: Reign of Kings, losing by unanimous decision. He won his first promotional match with a unanimous decision over Stergos Mikkios.<mask> defeated Ryan Jakiri in the first round of the ONE Championship: Pursuit of Greatness. He extended his ONE winning streak to three with a first-round technical knockout victory over Azwan Che Wil. The first ONE Muay Thai World Championship was held on February 16, 2019. He was defeated by a unanimous decision after five rounds. He knocked out Andrew Miller in the second round at ONE Championship: Legendary Quest. He lost to Kongsak Saenchaimuaythaigym by a unanimous decision at the ONE Championship: Masters of Fate. He lost to Mehdi Zatout at ONE Championship: A New Tomorrow.<mask> defeated Mohammed Bin Mahmoud with a third-round knockout at ONE Championship: Reign of Dynasties 2 on October 17, 2020. Adam Noi was scheduled to face <mask> at ONE Championship: Unbreakable 3. The bout was supposed to take place on February 26, 2021. He won the fight.

masks: Han Han Han Han Han Han


title: Liz Jones

texts: <mask> is a journalist. She began her career as a fashion journalist. <mask> has an opinion. While she has gained positive responses, a "beautifully natural writer, as well as a funny one" according to Deborah Ross in The Independent, some of her articles have been fiercely criticised. She worked for The Sunday Times and the Evening Standard. <mask> is a columnist for the Daily Mail and The Mail on Sunday. <mask> is the youngest child of an Army father and a former ballerina.She DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch Since the age of twelve, <mask> has been vegetarian. According to <mask>, she has been anorexic since the age of 11. By the age of 17 she wanted to be a model. She discovered Vogue magazine in the library. The cover of the magazine was a mirror of how I wanted to look, dress and be. The London College of Printing was where <mask> studied journalism.She began her career as a sub-editor for Company in 1981 and went on to become a staff writer in 1986. She became deputy editor of "Style" magazine in 1998 after 11 years at The Sunday Times Magazine.

masks:
Elizabeth Ann Jones
Jones
Jones
Jones
Jones
Jones
Jones


title: Liz Jones

texts: <mask> was appointed editor of the UK edition in 1999. The editors of rival magazines disagreed with an announcement by <mask> in June 2000 that the leading fashion magazines were setting up a self-regulatory body. Faced with a declining circulation, she was sacked from this post two years later for refusing to use bulimic models and listing in the magazine the freebies she had been offered in the previous month. She continues to write about the fashion industry. No one deconstructs its futile, psychologically destructive false promises more forensically than <mask>.<mask> began to write about her life after she met the journalist who had been sent by the radio station to interview her. After a seven-year relationship with him, <mask> married him in 2002 and they had a "disastrous" marriage in 2007. <mask> admitted in a Mail column that he stole Dhaliwal's sperm in a failed attempt to become pregnant. Dhaliwal wrote about their marriage ceremony in an article for The Telegraph in July 2021. I discovered a receipt for the country estate when I discovered that it was arranged without my knowledge. She said she had already told the world in her column and would look foolish. She broke down in tears as I comforted her and agreed.Dhaliwal and <mask> disagreed with each other in the press. After four years as Life & Style editor at the London Evening Standard, she left to join the Daily Mail as Style editor. Everyone in the fashion industry hates her, according to <mask>. People don't talk to me when I go to the shows. I can't attend a lot of shows now. She writes for British

masks: Jones Jones Jones Jones Jones Jones Jones Jones


title: Liz Jones

texts: Airways' High Life magazine on destinations and hotels. <mask> is described as a very gifted writer and a very flaky human being.There are many confessional journalists in Britain, but none as forensic or as self-critical as <mask>. She was sent by her newspaper to cover the famine in Somalia in the summer of 2011; her suitability for this assignment was questioned. She was slating Holly for posting a photo of herself without makeup as a betrayal to women. Phillip Schofield said "I swear there can be no greater force against all womankind than <mask>." She is bitter, nasty, and unpredictable. <mask> wrote about the Rock Star in her weekly diary in The Mail on Sundays You magazine. In a November 2011 interview with the London Evening Standard, she admitted that the "rock star" was not Jim Kerr of Simple Minds.<mask> lived south of Dulverton in Brushford until the end of October. Local people were angered by her comments about the area. <mask> opinions were thought to be a stereotypical image of the countryside by the journalist Jane Alexander. After moving to the Yorkshire Dales, a Mail on Sunday column on her surroundings was the subject of four articles in The Yorkshire Post. <mask> was a contestant in Celebrity Big Brother 13 on Channel 5 TV at the beginning of January. She was evicted from the house on January 22, 2014. <mask> was declared bankrupt.812 Stone was published in 2020. English women journalists, English magazine editors, English fashion journalists, English memoirists, Daily Mail journalists, British women memoirists, and people from the City of Chelmsford are

masks:
Jones
Jones
Liz Jones
Jones
Jones
Jones
Jones
Jones


title: Hypatia

texts: late fourth century, two main varieties of Neoplatonism were taught in Alexandria. The teachings of Iamblichus influenced the teaching of Neoplatonism at the Serapeum. The second variety was championed by <mask> and her father Theon, which was based on the teachings of Plotinus. She was tolerant of Christians even though she was a pagan. Every one of her students was Christian.In 410, Synesius of Cyrene became a bishop of Ptolemais, now in eastern Libya. His letters are the main sources of information about her career. There are seven letters by Synesius to Hypatia, but none from her. In a letter written in 395, Synesius wrote about his friend Herculianus and her reputation. She is the one who presides over the mysteries of philosophy. Synesius preserves the opinions and teachings of Hypatia, such as the pursuit of "the philosophical state of apatheia complete liberation from emotions and affections". According to a Christian historian, she excelled her father in mathematics and the lexicographer Hesychius.No ancient depictions of her have survived, even though Damascius writes that she was "exceedingly beautiful and fair of form". When one of the men who came to her lectures tried to court her, she tried to soothe his lust by playing the lyre. She rejected him because he did not love beauty for its own sake, displaying her bloody menstrual rags and saying "This is what you really love, my young man, but you do not love beauty for its own sake." The young man abandoned his desires for her immediately because he was so traumatised. The bishop of Alexandria was Theophilus. Theophilus demolished the Serapeum because he was against Iamblichean Neoplatonism. Despite this, Theophilus seemed to have regard for Hypatia as his ally.Synesius describes Theophilus in his letters with love and admiration. She was allowed to establish close relationships with the Roman prefects and other prominent political leaders. As a result of Theophilus's tolerance, Hypatia became very


title: Hypatia

texts: her reputation despite her popularity. Rumors say that Hypatia prevented Orestes from reconciling with Cyril. In the writings of the seventh-century Egyptian Coptic bishop John of Niki, there are traces of other rumors that spread among the Christian populace of Alexandria.She was honoured by the governor of the city for beingguiled by her magic. He stopped attending church because he drew many believers to her, and he himself received unbelievers at his house. During the Christian season of Lent in March 415, a mob of Christians under the leadership of a lector named Peter raided the carriage of a woman who was travelling home. The Kaisarion is a former pagan temple and center of the Roman imperial cult in Alexandria that was converted into a Christian church. The mob stripped hypatia naked and murdered her using ostraka, which can either be translated as "roof tiles" or "oyster shells". Damascius says that they cut out her eyeballs. They dragged her limbs through the town and set them on fire.According to Watts, this was in line with the traditional way in which Alexandrians carried the bodies of the "vilest criminals" outside the city limits to cremate them as a way of symbolically purifying the city. The parabalani's murderers are assumed to have been members of the group. Christopher said that the murderers were probably from a crowd of Alexandrian laymen. The murder of <mask> was politically motivated and no mention was made of her paganism. He says that she fell victim to political jealousy. It was reported that she prevented Orestes from being reconciled to the bishop because she had interviews with him. The allowance of massacres, fights, and transactions of that sort is something that the mob is condemned for.Ari Belenkiy, a Canadian mathematician, believes that <mask> may have been involved in a controversy over the date of the Christian holiday of Easter 417 and that she was killed on the vernal equinox. There is no evidence in the ancient text to

masks: Hypatia Hypatia


title: Hypatia

texts: support any part of the hypothesis. The murder of a female philosopher at the hands of a mob was seen as "profoundly dangerous" and philosophers had been seen as effectively "untouchable" during the displays of public violence. It was widely believed that Cyril had ordered the murder of <mask>. It was obvious that Cyril's campaign against <mask> inspired the murder. The Alexandrian council sent an embassy to Constantinople because of Cyril's conduct. Cyril's role in the murder was being investigated by Theodosius II's advisors.The emperors Honorius and Theodosius II tried to remove the parabalani from Cyril's power and place them under the authority of Orestes. The parabalani was not allowed to enter the meeting place of a municipal council or a courtroom. The total number of parabalani was limited to no more than 500. Cyril was able to escape even more serious punishment because he bribed one of Theodosius II's officials. Watts believes that the murder of Hypatia was the turning point in Cyril's fight to gain political control of Alexandria. The opposition collapsed without her because she was the linchpin. Cyril came to dominate the Alexandrian council after he overturned the parabalani law.She was described as a universal genius, but she was more of a teacher and commentator than an innovator. There is no evidence that she ever published any works on philosophy or made any mathematical discoveries. Classical mathematical works were preserved and scholars commented on them to develop their arguments, rather than publishing original works. It has been suggested that the closing of the Mouseion and the destruction of the Serapeum may have led to the preservation of seminal mathematical books. Modern scholarship has identified several works by her that are still valid, despite the fact that all of her writings have been lost. Female philosophers from antiquity had this kind of uncertainty. The language used by most educated people in the Eastern Mediterranean


title: Hypatia

texts: "dangerous, jealous figures who were also utterly unphilosophical." Philosophers adopted attitudes that emphasized pagan aspects of their beliefs system in order to create a sense of identity for them as pagans set apart from the Christian mass. Watts believes that the death of Hypatia brought an end to her particular variety of Neoplatonist philosophy. There was a forged anti-Christian letter under her name.Damascius blamed Bishop Cyril and his Christian followers for the murder of Hypatia. According to a passage from Damascius's Life of Isidore, Cyril's jealousy over her "wisdom exceeding all bounds and especially in the things concerning astronomy" led to her murder. The sole historical source is Damascius's account of the Christian murder of Hypatia. At the same time, Damascius was not a fan of Hypatia, and compared her to his own teacher, Isidore of Alexandria. Christian martyrs in Alexandria were dragged through the streets during the Decian persecution in 250. She was a Christian martyr because of her lifelong virginity. The legend of Saint Catherine of Alexandria, a virgin martyr said to have been exceedingly wise and well-educated, was based on the stories of the Decian martyrs.The earliest attestation for the cult of Saint Catherine is from the eighth century. Saint Catherine was confronted by fifty pagan philosophers who wanted to convert her to Christianity, but instead converted them to Christianity through her eloquence. Saint Catherine was said to be a student of Athanasius of Alexandria. In the Laodikeia of Asia Minor, <mask> was venerated as similar to St. Catherine. Two different accounts of her life are summarized in an entry in the Byzantine Suda encyclopedia. The first eleven lines are from Damascius's Life of Isidore. Most of the first eleven lines of the entry are from Hesychius's Onomatologos, but there is a claim that she was the wife of Isidore the Philosopher.This is a very puzzling claim, not only because Isidore of Alexandria was


title: Hypatia

texts: a church. European philosophers and scientists described Hypatia as the last representative of science and free inquiry before a long medieval decline.The first famous "witch" punished under Christian authority was argued for in the History of the Witchcraft Trials by German authors Soldan and Heppe. When a main belt asteroid was named for her, she was honored as an astronomer. The craters on the moon were named for her and her father. The Rimae Hypatia are located north of the crater and south of the equator. In the 20th century, American writer Elbert Hubbard wrote a biography of <mask>. The book is fiction. Hubbard claims that Theon established a physical exercise program for his daughter which included fishing, horseback-riding, and rowing.He claims that Theon taught Hypatia that it was better to think wrongly than to never think at all. Hubbard claims that as a young woman, she traveled to Athens, where she studied under Plutarch. The biographical information is completely fictional and not found in any ancient source. Hubbard says that she presents modern, rationalist views in numerous completely fabricated quotations. The cover illustration for the book, a drawing of a young woman with her hair tied back in a classical style, has become the most widely reproduced image of her. The life and death of <mask>, who was adopted by feminists, began to be viewed in the light of the women's rights movement. Carlo Pascal claimed in 1908 that her murder was an anti-feminist act and brought about a change in the treatment of women, as well as the decline of the Mediterranean civilization in general.The book "hypatia or Woman and Knowledge" was published in 1925 by Dora Russell, the wife of Bertrand Russell. She chose the title because she was denounced by the Church and torn to pieces by Christians. It will most likely be the fate of the book. The death of hypatia became symbolic. According to Kathleen Wider, the murder of <mask> marked the end of Classical

masks: Hypatia Hypatia Hypatia


title: Bill Ackman

texts: <mask> is a billionaire American investor and hedge fund manager. He is the founder and CEO of a hedge fund management company. He is an activist investor because of his investment approach. <mask> was raised in Chappaqua, New York. <mask> is the chairman of a New York real estate financing firm. He is of Jewish descent. He received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1988 from Harvard College."Scaling the Ivy Wall: the Jewish and Asian American Experience in Harvard Admissions" was his thesis. He received an masters degree from Harvard Business School. The investment firm was founded in 1992 by Ackman and Berkowitz. Small investments in public companies were made by the firm. Ackman and Leucadia National bid for Rockefeller Center in 1995. Although they did not win the deal, the bid generated interest in Gotham from investors three years later, with $500 million of assets under management. By 2002, Gotham had become entrenched in litigation with various external shareholders who also owned an interest in the companies in which it invested.Despite an ongoing probe of his trading activities by New York state and federal authorities, in 2002 <mask> researched MBIA in order to challenge Standard & Poor'sAAA rating of its bonds. As part of his law firm's compliance with a subpoena, he was charged fees for copying 725,000 pages of statements from the financial services company. <mask> wants a division between MBIA's municipal bond insurance business and its structured finance business. He argued that

masks:
Ackman
Ackman
Lawrence David Ackman
Ackman
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title: Bill Ackman

masks: Ackman Ackman Ackman Ackman


title: Bill Ackman

texts: $4.5 million plus 9% interest per year after eight years.In 2004, with $54 million from his personal funds and from his former business partner, <mask> started Pershing Square Capital Management. In 2005, the fast food chain Wendy's International was forced to sell its Tim Hortons chain. In 2006 Wendy's spun off Tim Hortons and raised $670 million for investors. After a dispute over executive succession that led <mask> to sell his shares at a substantial profit, the stock price collapsed, raising criticism that the sale of Wendy's fastest-growing unit left the company in a weaker market position. The new CEO was blamed for the poor performance. A 10% stake in Target Corporation was held by his fund through the purchase of stock and derivatives. In December 2010, his funds held a 38% stake in Borders Group and on December 6, 2010, he said he would finance a Barnes & Noble takeover.At a panel meeting in January 2009, <mask> defended his friend, saying, "Has Ezra committed a crime?" I think thatMerkin is an honest person, an intelligent person, an interesting person, and a smart investor. In April 2009, Merkin was charged with civil fraud by the State of New York for "secretly steering $2.4 billion in client money into Bernard Madoff's Ponzi fraud without their permission." The Metropolitan Council on Jewish Poverty was one of the victims of the settlement. In December 2012 a new closed-end fund was launched by Pershing Square Capital Management, which raised $3 billion in an IPO on

masks: Ackman Ackman Ackman


title: Bill Ackman

texts: Amsterdam's Euronext stock market. PSH was designed as a permanent capital vehicle so that investors wouldn't be able to withdraw funds directly. PSH has returned 17.1% since inception, 80% below the S&P 500.Penney shares in 2010, paying an average of $22 for 39 million shares or 18% of J.C. Penney's stock. <mask> stepped down from the board after an argument with fellow board members, ending his two-year campaign to transform the department store. The firm then owned 39.1 million shares of the Plano, Texas-based department-store chain at a price of $12.90 per share, resulting in a loss of approximately $500 million. In January 2015, LCH Investments named <mask> one of the world's top 20 hedge fund managers, after the fund delivered $4.5 billion in net gains for investors in 2014, bringing the fund's lifetime gains to $11.6 billion. Valeant Pharmaceuticals' outgoing CEO, J. Michael Pearson, and the company's former interim CEO, Howard Schiller, testified before the United States Senate Special Committee on Aging. The committee's concerns about repercussions to patients and the health care system posed by Valeant's business model DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch <mask>


title: Bill Ackman

texts: said that his investment in Valeant was an endorsement of the company's strategy.<mask> sold his remaining Valeant position to the investment bank in March of last year. It has been estimated that the total cost of the position, including direct stock purchases and 9.1 million shares that were underlying stock options traded, was $4.7 billion. According to Forbes Magazine, Ackman has a net worth of US$1.9 billion as of July 25, 2020. It was on the Forbes 400. An estimated $1.4 billion was made by <mask> in 2020. In December 2012 Ackman issued a research report that was critical of Herbalife's multi-level marketing business model. Herbalife's stock price dropped after Ackman's hedge fund sold short the company's shares.The company released the results of a survey at an investor conference in January of last year. They wanted to buy products at a discount. The company announced on its June 2013 earnings call that it would begin referring to these discount buyers as members. A few months after <mask>'s initial comments, billionaire investor Carl Icahn challenged <mask>'s comment. Icahn bought shares of Herbalife. The stock price continued to show strength as Icahn continued to buy up HLF shares. Icahn owned more than 15% of the company.The number had fallen to 6.4% by November. <mask> spent $50 million on a public relations campaign against Herbalife in order to hurt the company's stock price. Bob Barr, a former congressman, called on Congress to investigate <mask>'s use of public relations

masks: Ackman Ackman Ackman Ackman Ackman Ackman


title: Bill Ackman

texts: and regulatory pressure in his short campaign. Senator Ed Markey wrote letters to federal regulators in order to get an investigation into Herbalife's business practices. The company's stock dropped after the letters were released. He told the Boston Globe that his staff did not inform him that <mask> stood to benefit financially from his actions and that he defended the letters as a matter of consumer rights. The New York Times reported in March of last year that <mask> had used tactics to undermine public confidence in Herbalife, including paying people to travel to and participate in rallies against it, and boosting its spending on donations to nonprofits.The Hispanic Federation and the National Consumers League sent letters to federal regulators. The people contacted by The Times admitted that they wrote the letters after being contacted by representatives from Pershing Square, or that they didn't remember writing the letters at all. The Hispanic Federation was one of the groups that Mr. <mask>'s team started to make payments to. By December 2, stock prices had fallen more than 50% from their January 8 high. An Herbalife distributor training session was released by Pershing Square Capital in 2005, in which an employee implied that the company's business model was not sustainable. The video had been subpoenaed by federal investigators, according to an unnamed source speaking to the New York Post. <mask> predicted in an interview that the company would experience an "implosion" in early


title: Bill Ackman

texts: 2016 due to federal scrutiny and debt.The Wall Street Journal reported on March 12, 2015, that prosecutors in the Manhattan U.S. attorney's office and the FBI were investigating whether people hired by <mask> made false statements about Herbalife's business model to regulators and others in order to spur investigations into the company and lower its In March 2015, the United States District Judge in Los Angeles, California, dismissed a suit against Herbalife that alleged the company was operating an illegal pyramid scheme. In response to the ruling, Herbalife stock increased in value. The FTC and Herbalife reached a settlement in July of 2016 that ended the agency's investigation into the company. Fortune estimated that <mask> lost $500 million on the day of the settlement. <mask>'s position on Herbalife led to a discussion on CNBC with Herbalife supporter Carl Icahn. Icahn claimed that going public with his short position would force <mask> into the "mother of all short squeezes".On November 22, 2013, <mask> admitted that his open short position in Herbalife was $400 million to $500 million in the red, but that he wouldn't be squeezed out and would hold the short to the end of the earth. In November of last year, <mask> said that he had covered his short-sell position and would continue to bet against Herbalife using put options with no more than 3% of his funds. After the company's stock price continued to rise, <mask> decided to build his position in United Technologies instead of

masks: Ackman Ackman Ackman Ackman Ackman Ackman Ackman


title: Bill Ackman

texts: exiting his bet against Herbalife. Ahead of the 2020 stock market crash, <mask> hedged Pershing Square's portfolio, risking $27 million to purchase credit protection, insuring the portfolio against steep market losses. The hedge made MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE On March 18, 2020, in an emotional interview with CNBC, <mask> called upon President Trump for a "30-day shutdown" of the American economy to slow the spread of coronaviruses and minimize loss of life and ensuing economic destruction. Without intervention, hotel stocks were going to zero and America could end as we know it, warned Ackman.<mask> was criticized for actively buying discounted equity stakes in the very companies he was warning could fail, however, he already had realized half of the gains before appearing during the CNBC interview. In a November 2020 interview, <mask> said that he had grown concerned about COVID-19 because he had seen the film Contagion and offered qualified praise for Trump's presidency. He did some harm as well. The largest blank check company IPO was filed in June of 2020. <mask>'s activities with Canadian Pacific Railway are described as paradigmatic of "engaged activism", which is longer-term in nature with correlated benefits to the real economy, and distinct from shorter-term "financial activism". According

masks: Ackman Ackman Ackman Ackman Ackman


title: Bill Ackman

texts: to <mask>, his first rule of activist investing is to make a bold call that nobody believes in. <mask>'s investing style has been praised by U.S. government officials, heads of other hedge funds, various retail investors, and the general public.His most notable market plays include shorting MBIA's bonds during the financial crisis of 2007, his proxy fight with Canadian Pacific Railway, and his stakes in Target Corporation and Valeant Pharmaceuticals. <mask> has claimed that Herbalife is a pyramid scheme designed as a multi-level marketing firm. His efforts were reported in the film. In January of last year, <mask> told investors that he was going to go back to basics by cutting staff, ending investor visits that were eating into his time, and hunkering down in the office to do research. As a result of these changes, his firm was one of the best performing hedge funds in the world in 2019. <mask> admires short sellers such as Andrew Left of Citron Research. <mask> personally contributed $6.8 million to the Center for Jewish History, where he spearheaded a successful effort to retire $30 million in debt.The three largest individual gifts the center has ever received were a donation from Bruce Berkowitz, founder of Fairholme Capital Management, and a gift from Joseph Steinberg, president of Leucadia National. <mask>'s foundation donated more than one million dollars to two organizations in New York City and N.J. He pledges to give at least 50% of his wealth to charity. The Pershing Square


title: Bill Ackman

texts: Foundation was founded in 2006 by <mask> and Karen to support innovation in economic development, education, healthcare, human rights, arts and urban development. The foundation is a major donor. The foundation has given more than $400 million in grants. The <mask>s were on The Chronicle of Philanthropy's "Philanthropy 50" list in 2011.<mask> was honored by the Challenged Athletes Foundation in July of last year for helping to raise a record $2.3 million. Michael Bloomberg was endorsed by <mask> as a potential candidate for President of the United States. He is a long-time donor to Democratic candidates and organizations, including Richard Blumenthal, Chuck Schumer, Robert Menendez, and the Democratic National Committee. He donated 26 million shares in the South Korean e-commerce company to three entities, one of which was his own foundation. On July 10, 1994, <mask> married Herskovitz, a landscape architect, and they have three children. On December 22, 2016 it was reported that the couple had separated. <mask> owned a business jet.<mask> got engaged to Oxman. Oxman and <mask> had a child together in the spring of 2019. <mask> with Pershing Square Capital Management. Who wants to be a millionaire? The Confidence Game was published in 2010. The year 1966 saw the birth of Living people American billionaires American chief executives of financial services companies American financial company founders American financiers American hedge fund managers American investors American money managers

masks: Ackman Ackman Ackman Ackman Ackman Ackman Ackman Ackman Bill


title: John Sculley

texts: <mask> III is an American businessman and investor. When he became CEO of Apple Inc. on April 8, 1983, he left his position as vice-president and president of PepsiCo. In May 1987, <mask> was named Silicon Valley's top-paid executive with an annual salary of US$10.2 million. Although sales at Apple increased from $800 million to $8 billion under <mask>'s management, many attribute his success to the fact that Steve Jobs' visions and Steve Wozniak's creations had become highly lucrative. His departure from co-founder Steve Jobs's sales structure and <mask>'s decision to compete with IBM in selling computers to the same types of customers have caused controversy. Others say that the two clashed over management styles and priorities, Jobs focusing on future innovation and <mask> more on current product lines and profitability. <mask> was forced to step down as Apple CEO because he was opposed to licensing Macintosh software and was talking to Goldman Sachs about splitting Apple into two companies.Apple had $2 billion in cash and $200 million in debt when <mask> left. The introduction of the Pepsi Challenge, which allowed the company to gain market share from primary rival Coca-Cola, is one of the reasons that <mask> is an expert in marketing. He used similar marketing strategies throughout the 1980s and 1990s at Apple to mass-market Macintosh personal computers, and today he continues to speak and write about disruptive marketing strategies. A number of high-tech start-up companies are invested in and involved with <mask>. He is the Chairman of the PeopleTicker. Jeff Daniels portrayed <mask> in the film Steve Jobs, Matthew Modine portrayed him in the film Jobs, and Allan Royal portrayed him in the film Pirates of Silicon Valley. The son of a horticulturist and a Wall Street lawyer was born in New York City.<mask> and his brothers lived in New York for a while. He attended high school in Massachusetts. Brown University and the

masks:
John Sculley
Sculley
Sculley
Sculley
Sculley
Sculley
Sculley
Sculley
Sculley
Sculley
Sculley


title: John Sculley

texts: Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania gave <mask> a degree in Architectural Design. In 1963, <mask> started work at Marschalk Co. During his six-month training program at the Pittsburgh plant, <mask> joined the Pepsi-Cola division. At the age of 30, <mask> became the company's youngest marketing vice-president. One of the company's first consumer research studies was initiated by Sculley and involved 350 families.As a result of the research, Pepsi decided to launch new, larger, and more varied packages of their soft drinks, including the two-liter bottle. The Cola Wars took place in 1970 when Coca-Cola was deposed as the market leader by Pepsi. Most companies spent between $15,000 and $75,000 for each television spot, butPepsi began spending more on marketing and advertising, typically paying between US$200,000 and $300,000 for each television spot. Coca-Cola's classic marketing was intended to be overturned by thePepsi Generation campaign. After visiting a failing potato-chip factory in Paris, <mask> became president of the International Food Operations division. The only money-losing division of the company was the food division. To make the food division profitable, <mask> improved product quality, enhanced accounts, and established financial controls.The food division made US$300 million in revenues and $40 million in profit within three years. The Pepsi Challenge, an advertising campaign he started in 1975 to compete against Coca-Cola to gain market share, used heavily advertised taste tests. According to <mask>'s own research, Pepsi-Cola tasted better than Coca-Cola. In the early 1970s, a series of television advertisements featuring lifelong Coca-Cola drinkers were aired. The tests that choose the preferred product by the participant have been criticized as being biased. At the time, the Texas market had a significantly lower market share for Pepsi. The campaign increased the market share of Pepsi in that

masks:
Sculley
Career Sculley
Sculley
Sculley
Sculley
Sculley
Sculley


title: John Sculley

texts: state.At that time, <mask> was senior vice-president of United States sales and marketing operations atPepsi. Coke was chosen by <mask> for the taste test. In 1977 <mask> was named the youngest president in the company's history. This was not the case, even though it was commonly called the CEO. At the time of his departure, he was the CEO of the company. Apple lured <mask> away from Pepsi in order to apply his marketing skills to the personal computer market. Steve Jobs asked <mask> if he wanted to sell sugared water for the rest of his life.Do you want to join me in changing the world? Apple's president, Mike Markkula, wanted to retire and believed that Jobs, who wanted to be the company's president, lacked the discipline and temperament needed to run Apple on a daily basis. With his recent success, Sculley would give Apple an image of greater reliability and stability. When he joined Apple, he got a $1 million signing bonus, $1 million in annual pay and 350,000 shares of Apple. Jobs and <mask> had an amazing partnership from the time they first met. <mask> helped Jobs launch the Mac with the most admired consumer marketing campaign of its time, and helped keep the aging Apple II generating much-needed cash. When Jobs took over the Macintosh project, he became the executive product manager and made all the product decisions.The Lisa computer, an innovative model designed by a team initially led by Jobs, had disastrous sales. When Jobs's Macintosh, the first of a new series of models with a black-and-white graphical user interface, was shipped to stores in January 1984, <mask> raised the initial price to $2,495 from the originally planned $1,995, allocating the additional money to hypothetically higher profit margins Macintosh sold well and received good reviews, but it did not eliminate the IBM PC. Some of the privileges of Jobs's elite development groups were trimmed. At the peak of the Macintosh success, Apple attempted to

masks: Sculley Sculley Sculley Sculley Sculley Sculley Sculley Sculley


title: John Sculley

texts: move unsold inventory of Lisa computers by changing it to "Macintosh XL" and positioning it as a top-of-the-line pro Macintosh model. There was a power struggle going on between Jobs and <mask>. He kept meetings going past midnight, sent out long faxes, and called new meetings at 7 am.Jobs was the general manager of the Macintosh division. <mask> was told by the Apple board of directors to limit Jobs' ability to launch expensive products. Jobs tried to get rid of <mask> from his leadership role at Apple. Apple's board of directors sided with <mask> and removed Jobs from his managerial duties after he found out about Jobs's plans. NeXT was founded after Jobs left Apple. According to <mask>, Jobs never forgiven him and their friendship was never repaired. Many things have changed since <mask> joined the company, but one journalist wrote that his "strategy has worked".When the Apple II went away, Wozniak worked to build a Macintosh market. The Macintosh Office was renamed to "Desktop Publishing". The PowerBook was introduced in 1991 under the direction of <mask>, who had learned several painful lessons after introducing the Macintosh Portable in 1989. System 7, a major upgrade to the operating system, added color to the interface and introduced new networking capabilities. The classic Mac OS was replaced by Mac OS X in 2001. Revenue increased due to the success of the PowerBook. It appeared that Apple could do no wrong when it came to introducing new products and generating profits.The first golden age of the Macintosh was between 1989 and 1991 according to the magazine MacAddict. Apple's sales increased from $982 million in 1983 to $7.9 billion in 1993. If Apple did not license parts of the Macintosh graphical user interface to use in the Windows operating system, Microsoft would stop selling Microsoft Office for the Macintosh. Under pressure, <mask> agreed to the decision. The term personal digital assistant (PDA) was invented


title: John Sculley

texts: by <mask> about that time. In 1987, <mask> made several predictions. He predicted that the Soviet Union would land a man on Mars within the next 20 years and that optical storage media such as the CD-ROM would change the use of personal computers.The World Wide Web and the Internet fulfilled some of his ideas for the Knowledge Navigator. "The Dawn of a $3.5 Trillion Communications Mega-Industry: Information Access, Processing and Distribution in a Digital World" was a seminal speech given by <mask> as Chairman, CEO, and CTO of Apple Computer, Inc. This was the keynote address to a packed house at the Harvard Business School's Burden Auditorium as part of the inaugural student-run Harvard/MIT Communications 2000 Symposium. Apple's operating system ran on the PowerPC in the early 1990s. The act that <mask> acknowledged was his greatest mistake was targeting the dominant Intel architecture. Apple's board forced <mask> out after a bad first quarter in 1993 because of internal tension over the company's direction. On October 15, 1993 he resigned and was replaced by Michael Spindler.Three years later, Spindler was ousted. After leaving Apple on October 23, 1993, <mask> became chairman and chief executive officer of Spectrum Information Technologies, a New York-based company that held key computer patents for wireless data transmission. He resigned from the company four months later and filed a lawsuit against the president of the company. According to <mask>, he was misled when he was hired at Spectrum by not being told of SEC inquiries and aggressive revenue recognition accounting. MetroPCS became a public company on the New York Stock Exchange after it was acquired by T-Mobile. He built NFO Research from $25 million to $550 million in revenue and sold it for $850 million. He helped launch and advise several companies, including Hotwire.com, which became a billion dollar market cap public company.In 1997, <mask> became the chairman


title: John Sculley

texts: of Live Picture, a California-based company, to oversee its push into high-quality, low-bandwidth images over the internet. The company received US$22 million in venture capital. He remained an investor after leaving the company. Live Picture filed for federal bankruptcy protection in 1999 as part of a plan to be acquired. PopTech was founded in 1997 by <mask> and Bob Metcalfe. He joined the board of directors of Buy.com in 1998. He and Dennis M. Lynch launched Signature21 to provide marketing services to small to medium-sized businesses.The company was transitioned into a learning program in 2001. After months, Lynch left the company, while <mask> continued to work with small businesses. Cell phones and wireless plans were sold online. InPhonic was steered towards its successful IPO by Sculley's early leadership. The vice chairman of the board of directors was <mask>. InPhonic went bankrupt in 2007. The Wine Clip is a wine accessory product that claims to accelerate the aeration of wine by exposure to magnets.He helped in the founding of Verified Person Inc., an online pre-employment screening company. He is a member of the board of directors. OpenPeak is a maker of software for wireless consumer electronics, digital media, computers, and home systems. In the same year, <mask> became a partner. In March of 2006 <mask> was named Chairman of IdenTrust, a San Francisco-based firm that works to verify identity and boost financial security. The mistakes he made at Apple were explained in an interview by <mask> before he spoke at the Silicon Valley 4.0 conference. Apple's first hand-held mobile tablet PenMac was canceled and replaced by an agreement to work with Sharp Electronics on theNewton technology.The World's Most Powerful episode Steve Jobs vs. Bill Gates was aired in 2003 and featured an interview with <mask>. He was interviewed about Steve Jobs and design by Cult of Mac. <mask> co-founded the data company with his business


title: John Sculley

texts: partner, David A. Steinberg, in 2007, and in January of this year, they re-launched it as a Big Data-Driven Marketing firm. On January 30, 2014, <mask> was a panelist at a forum organized by Zeta, which featured ad executives, marketers and NFL executive to discuss the changes in the way companies market and reach consumers since <mask>'s time at Apple in 1984 when the computer company featured what became one of the first In October of 2016 the name was changed to Zeta Global. Obi Mobiles is a brand aimed at the emerging markets. Obi Worldphone was the new name of the company.<mask> distanced himself from Obi Worldphone in September of last year. RxAdvance is a cloud-based platform that helps pharmaceutical companies, hospitals and insurers manage chronically ill patients living at home. Tom Campbell, a Republican, was running in the California Republican primary in 1992 to be the party candidate for the United States Senate. Campbell was a beneficiary of the fundraiser hosted by <mask>. Hillary Clinton was on a national education council with Sculley. Bill Clinton was supported by <mask> when he ran for president. Hillary Clinton sat next to Sculley during the first State of the Union address.In 1960, <mask> married Ruth, stepdaughter of Donald Kendall, with whom he had two children. In 1965, the couple divorced. He married Carol Lee Adams, the ex-wife of a former vice president, in 1978. In 2015, Adams filed a lawsuit accusing <mask> of hiding over $25 million in assets during their divorce proceedings. The spokesman for Sculley denied the allegations. <mask> married the vice president of Wittman Building Corporation in Palm Beach, Florida. Sculley broke down in tears when he saw Steve Jobs autograph in a sushi restaurant.The owner said that since they were retired from the frontlines of business, they could have enjoyed sushi at Steve's favorite restaurant and had a good time together, but he has passed away and now he's


title: David Samson (lawyer)

texts: Health Care Costs and as the Chairman of the Governor's Task Force on the Laws governing the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, he was appointed to a number of public positions. From 1982 to 1990 he was General Counsel to the New Jersey Turnpike Authority. He was appointed by the Supreme Court of New Jersey to serve on its Ethics Committee and was a member of the Court's Committee on Reporting of Court Decisions. He was a consultant to the Advisory Committee on Governmental Immunity. The New Jersey Bar Association Committee on Judicial and Prosecutorial Appointments was chaired by <mask>. The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey has a Board of Commissioners. The New Jersey Senate confirmed him as the agency's Chairman on January 25, 2011.Essex County, New Jersey's Star of Essex award was presented to <mask> during the county's annual Jewish Heritage Celebration. There were rumors after the death of United States Senator Frank Lautenberg. The United States Senate has a vacant seat. The New Jersey Attorney General was picked by Christie. It was revealed in subpoenaed e-mails that <mask> tried to retaliate against the PANYNJ Executive Director who criticized the Fort Lee lane closings. There was speculation that he was involved in the scandal. The official e-mails criticized the order to re-open the toll lanes for the George Washington Bridge, accusing the latter of stirring up trouble.Michael Chertoff was hired by <mask> as legal representation. The toll lane closings at the bridge caused an apology from the Commissioners on February 19th, but they did not mention that it was due to plans by some individuals to cause traffic jams. According to records released by a subpoena, <mask> was involved with day-to-day operations at the Port Authority. Several dealings between Wolff and the Port Authority have come under scrutiny for possible conflict of interest,

masks: Samson Samson Samson Samson David


title: David Samson (lawyer)

texts: according to a report by The Star-Ledger. The New York Times reported in March of last year that a comprehensive examination had shown the extent to which clients of <mask>'s law firm had profited from dealings with the Port Authority. The Times said that <mask> and his law firm benefited financially and that Christie benefited politically. Patrick Foye, the Executive Director of the Port Authority, said on February 25, that he doesn't believe the Chairman has moral authority to run the Port Authority.The New Jersey Working Families Alliance claimed that the chairman of the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey used his authority to benefit private clients of his law firm, and filed an ethics complaint with the New Jersey State Ethics Commission. The Bergen County freeholders (county legislature), which has no oversight over the PA, called for the resignation of both Chairman <mask> and the other five New Jersey appointees. Fort Lee and surrounding communities are included in Bergen County, which is the most populous New Jersey county. The Star-Ledger, The Record, The New York Times, Daily News, and the Bergen County Board of Chosen Freeholders all called for his removal. Christie stood behind the chairman of the Port Authority in the wake of these matters. At a press conference on March 28, Christie announced that <mask>'s resignation from the Port Authority was effective immediately. The New Jersey State Ethics Commission did not have the authority to investigate the Port Authority Commissioners, according to the lawsuit.The suit was dropped in December. The Public Corruption Unit of the U.S. Attorney's Office in the Southern District of New York opened an investigation into the conduct of the Port Authority chairman. On March 7, 2014, federal prosecutors subpoenaed the Port Authority for documents related to <mask>'s private business interests, but withdrew the request

masks: David Samson Samson David Samson


title: David Samson (lawyer)

texts: on March 10, 2014, due to an investigation into the toll lane closures by Paul J. Fishman, United States Attorney for the District of New Jersey. In January 2015, federal prosecutors subpoenaed records related to the personal travel of the former chairman of the transportation agency that operates the region's airports, and his relationship with United Airlines, as part of a probe into a flight route initiated by the airline. The route provided non-stop service between Newark and Columbia Metropolitan Airport in South Carolina, which is about 50 miles from a home where <mask> often spent weekends. The non-stop route was halted three days after the resignation of <mask>. The chairman's flight is the twice-a-week route with a flight leaving Newark on Thursday evenings and another returning on Monday mornings.The PANYNJ subpoenaed additional records in August of 2015. In September of 2015, top officials at United resigned. In April 2015, after reports of a "sprawling investigation", he retired from the company. He worked at the firm for 44 years. The firm was changing its name to Chiesa Shahinian & Giantomasi P.C. In the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey, <mask> pleaded guilty to one felony count of conspiracy. The airline was forced to return the flight to Columbia because of the obstruction of the airport hangar project.He was sentenced to a year of home confinement at the South Carolina vacation house that was the subject of the crime and was ordered to pay a $100,000 fine. On April 4, Bill Brennan, a Democratic activist and candidate for Democratic nominee governor, filed a citizen's complaint in Newark municipal court stating that the confession of extortion and bribe was a confession of official malfeasance. Judge Marvin Adames ruled that Brennan did not have standing to bring the suit. There is a list of people involved in the Fort Lee lane closure

masks: Samson Samson Samson


title: Jackie DeShannon

texts: As a singer and composer,<mask> has a string of hit song credits from the 1960s onwards. She was one of the first female singer-Songwriters of the Rock and Roll period. "What the World Needs Now Is Love" was covered by The Searchers and "Bette Davis Eyes" was covered by Kim. <mask> has been reporting Beatles band members' news for Breakfast with the Beatles since 2009. <mask> was born in Hazel, Kentucky, to parents who were musically inclined. At six years old, she was singing on a radio show. She hosted her own radio program when she was 11.When life on the farm became too hard, the family moved to her mother's hometown of Aurora, Illinois, where her father resumed his career as a barber. They moved to Illinois where she attended high school. In 1955, when she was 13 years old, Sharon Lee Myers was featured in the local newspaper for her vocal talents and appearances at community gatherings, the local hospitals, and for various organizations. She hosted her own Saturday morning radio show on WMRO. The youngster can boast almost 11 years of voice training and experience and in the past she has toured most of the south making personal appearances. She has appeared on television 3 times and has sung on radio for 2 years. The CBS network affiliate in Chicago, Illinois broadcasted "Another guest appearance on Pee Wee King's popular Country and Western Television Show" on March 3, 1956.Sherry Lee is a busy young lady. She is on the radio every Saturday morning. She made appearances with the Pee Wee King Show in recent weeks. The young artist will appear at the West Aurora Junior High School auditorium on Sunday, March 4th for three shows at 2, 4, and 8 pm. She left school after her second year. She began to record under various names, with mixed success. The "16-year-old C&W singer of Batavia, Illinois" had recently signed to George Goldner's Gone label in New York as a

masks:
Jackie DeShannon
DeShannon
DeShannon


title: Jackie DeShannon

texts: rockabilly artist."I'll Be True" and "How Wrong I Was" were the only releases on Gone. The Big Rock 'n' Roll Show took place at the Paramount Theater in New York and the Uptown Theater in Philadelphia on July 3 and July 3, 1957, respectively. Eddie Cochran arranged for her to travel to California to meet his girlfriend, singer-songwriter Sharon Sheeley, who formed a writing, after her interpretations of country songs "Buddy" and "Trouble" gained the attention of rock and roll star. "Dum Dum" and "Heart in Hand" were produced by their partnership. In 1960, <mask> signed with Liberty Records after executives at Liberty thought the name Sharon Myers would not help sell records. In an interview with Fresh Air, <mask> said that she chose a cross- gender name. She could be heard as either male or female because of her low singing voice.She changed "<mask>" to "DeShannon" when she realized it was too similar to other people. The name stuck. She made the WLS Chicago radio survey with her single "Lonely Girl" in the late 1960s. A string of mostly flop singles followed. In 1962, "Faded Love" became her first US Top 100 entry. In February 1963. She did better with the Sonny Bono-Jack Nitzsche song "Needles and Pins" and the self-penned "When You Walk in the Room" in 1963."Needles and Pins" made it all the way to No. 40 in Canada, despite reaching the lower rungs of the US pop charts. 1. "Needles and Pins" and "When You Walk in the Room" became US and UK hits for The Searchers. A version of "When You Walk in the Room" by Pam Tillis topped the country charts in 1994, and the song was also recorded by ex- Byrds member Chris Hillman in 1998 and by ex-ABBA vocalist Agnetha Fltskog in 2004. The Ray Charles-style soul that DeShannon recorded didn't fare well on the charts. She kept her contract with Liberty because of her public profile rather than her recording career. The Everly

masks:
DeShannon
DeShannon
Jackie Dee


title: Jackie DeShannon

texts: Brothers and Ricky Nelson were friends with DeShannon.She and Bobby Vinton starred in the 1964 teen surf movie Surf Party. In February 1964 DeShannon supported The Beatles on their first US tour and formed a touring band. The song "Breakaway" was written by DeShannon and Sharon Sheeley. She wrote "Don't Doubt Yourself Babe" for Mr. Tambourine Man. The American West Coast sounds and folk music influenced her music. The songs "Dream Boy" and "Don't Turn Your Back on Me" were written by <mask> and Jimmy Page while <mask> was in England. "Come and Stay With Me", Faithfull's biggest UK hit, was written by <mask>.In 1965, there were 4. Cher covered the song on her debut album. It would be three more years before <mask> would record the song for herself. She appeared on Ready Steady Go! Hit love songs include "She Don't Understand Him Like I Do" and "Did He Call Today Mama?", written by DeShannon and Randy Newman. ", as well as writing "You Have No Choice" for him. In 1965, DeShannon recorded "What the World Needs Now Is Love", which went to No. 1 on the charts, and led to club tours and appearances on television.7 on the US charts. There is one in Canada. The 1969 film Bob & Carol & Ted & Alice used <mask>'s recording of the song. She played a folk singer in the film C'mon, Let's Live a Little. DeShannon scored her next smash single and album in 1969 called "Put a Little Love in Your Heart". A gold disc was awarded to the self-penned single, which sold over one million copies. "Put a Little Love in Your Heart" was performed as the closing number at the Music for UNICEF Concert, broadcast worldwide from the United Nations General Assembly in 1979 and was covered in 1988 by Annie Lennox and Al Green.Dolly Parton had 9 in the Hot Billboard 100. "Love Will Find a Way" was a moderate hit. After moving to Los Angeles in 1970, DeShannon recorded two critically acclaimed

masks: DeShannon DeShannon DeShannon DeShannon DeShannon


title: Jackie DeShannon

texts: albums, but they failed to produce the same commercial success as previous releases. She sang backup on both the title track and "Warm Love" on Van Morrison's Hard Nose the Highway album in 1973. New Arrangement was released by DeShannon. She co- wrote "Queen of the Rodeo" and "Bette Davis Eyes" with Donna Weiss. The latter became a worldwide No.Weiss and <mask> won the 1982Grammy Award for Song of the Year for their single for Kim Carnes. "Don't Let The Flame Burn Out" was a minor hit when she released You're the Only Dancer in 1977. 65 is in the Hot 100. In the 21st century, DeShannon continued to record. When You Walk in the Room, a new recording of her best-known songs, was released in 2011. Liz Phair played her in an episode of American Dreams. On June 17, 2010, DeShannon was in the Songwriters Hall of Fame.In 2012 she wrote and recorded "For Africa, In Africa", a song that was inspired by the need for action to provide clean water for the African Continent. DeShannon has appeared as a contributing entertainment broadcast correspondent reporting historical anecdotes and current touring and personal news and publicity pertaining to the two surviving Beatles for Breakfast with the Beatles on the weekends since October 2009. She had a brother who wrote songs. She was a companion of Jimmy Page and dated a Love guitarist. The song "Tangerine" was written by Page after the break up of his relationship with DeShannon. Her first husband was Liberty Records executive Irving "Bud" Dain, who died in 1967. Randy and DeShannon have been married since 1976.Noah was born in 1978. Breakin' It Up on the Beatles Tour was released in 1963. Don't Turn Your Back on Me was released in 1964. What the World Needs Now Is Love was released in 1968. The Early Years and Come and Get Me are both included in the high coinage collection. Surf Party and C'mon Let's Live a Little were both


title: Joann Kealiinohomoku

texts: The co- founder of the dance research organization Cross-Cultural Dance Resources was an American anthropologist named <mask>. She has written and/or edited numerous books and articles, including contributions on dance-related subjects to multiple encyclopedias, such as writing the entry for " Music and dance in the United States" in the Garland Encyclopedia of World Music. Her works include "An anthropologist looks at ballet as a form of ethnic dance" and "Theory and methods for an anthropology study of dance". She was named professor emerita at Northern Arizona University in 1987. She received the first annual award for "Outstanding Contribution to Dance Research" in 1997. The "Save America's Treasures" program was launched in 2000 by the White House Millennium Council, which named the CCDR collection. On May 20, 1930, she was born to George V. and Leona Lavena (Moore) Wheeler in Kansas City, Missouri.Wheeler attended high schools in Des Plaines, Illinois and Whitefish Bay, Wisconsin. She received a Bachelor of Specialized Studies degree in 1955, an MA in 1965, and a PhD from Indiana University in 1976, with her thesis being "Theory and methods for an anthropology study of dance." She married Thomas Samuel <mask> and had a child, Halla, in 1963. She was a reviewer for the Honolulu Star-Bulletin from 1960 to 1963. In 1969 she published "An anthropologist looks at ballet as a form of ethnic dance". The Board of Directors of Native Americans for Community Action was chaired by <mask>. She was a co- founder of the Southwestern Chapter of the Society of Ethnomusicology.She was a member of the Board of Directors of the Congress on Research in Dance from 1974 to 1977 and a member of the board of directors of Cross-Cultural Dance Resources from 1981 to 1982. The Herberger College of the Arts at Arizona State University was to be the new home of the CCDR collection. In 1992, <mask> was the series advisor for Dancing, an eight-part public television series on Thirteen/WNET. Awards

masks:
JoAnn Wheeler Kealiinohomoku
Kealiinohomoku
Kealiinohomoku
Kealiinohomoku


title: Syed Ahmad Khan

texts: Sir <mask> bin <mask>SI, also known as <mask>, was an Indian Muslim pragmatist, Islamic reformer, philosopher, and educationist in the 19th century. He was the father of the two-nation theory, which formed the basis of the Pakistan movement, and he was the pioneer of Muslim nationalism in India. <mask>'s family DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch He received an honor from the University of Edinburgh in 1889. <mask> became a judge at a Small Causes Court in 1867 after retiring from the East India Company in 1876. He was noted for his actions in saving European lives during the War of Independence. He wrote The Causes of the Indian Mutiny as a critique of British policies that he blamed for causing the revolt.Sir <mask> began promoting Western–style scientific education by founding modern schools and journals and organizing Islamic entrepreneurs because he

masks:
Syed Ahmad Taqvi
Syed Muhammad Muttaqi KC
Sayyid Ahmad Khan
Ahmad
Syed Ahmad
Ahmad


title: Syed Ahmad Khan

texts: believed that the future of Muslims was threatened by the rigidity of their orthodox outlook. <mask> established several schools and a scientific society for Muslims in the 19th century. The first Muslim university in Southern Asia was founded in 1875. <mask> called upon Muslims to serve the British Raj and promoted the adoption of Urdu as the lingua franca of Indian Muslims. The Indian National Congress was criticized by <mask>. Sir <mask> has a strong legacy in Pakistan. Muhammad Ali Jinnah and Allama Iqbal were influenced by him.The global Islamic reformation continues to be influenced by his advocacy of Islam's rationalist tradition and radical reinterpretation of the Quran to make it compatible with science and modernity. Sir <mask>'s name is found in many universities and public buildings in Pakistan. The 200th birth anniversary of Sir <mask> was celebrated on 17 October. The chief guest was the former President of India. The capital of the Mughal Empire, Delhi, was where <mask> Taqvi '<mask>' was born. The administrative position in the Mughal Empire was very important to his family. His maternal grandfather was a Wazir.The Emperor Akbar Shah II had a minister in his court. His paternal grandfather held a mansab. The court of Emperor Alamgir II has a high-ranking administrative position called "Mir Jawwad Ali Khan". Sir <mask>'s father was

masks:
Syed
Syed
Syed
Syed
Syed
Syed
Syed Ahmad
Khan Bahadur
Syed


title: Syed Ahmad Khan

texts: close to Emperor Akbar Shah II and served as his personal adviser. <mask> was born at a time when regional insurrections aided and led by the East India Company, which had replaced the power traditionally held by the Mughal state, reduced its monarch to figurehead. <mask> was the youngest of three siblings. Sir <mask> was raised in a wealthy area of the city in the house of his maternal grandfather.They were raised in a way that exposed them to politics. Sir <mask> was raised with rigid discipline and a strong emphasis on modern education by his mother. Shah Ghulam Ali, <mask>'s father's spiritual mentor, initiated his education in 1822. He was taught to read the Qur'an by a female tutor. He was educated in Delhi by the Muslim nobility. He started learning Persian and Arabic after attending a maktab run by a learned scholar in a house next to his ancestral home. He read the works of Muslim scholars.He was instructed in mathematics and astronomy. He pursued the study of medicine for a long time. Sir <mask> excelled in swimming, shooting and other sports. He was involved in the Mughal court's cultural activities. <mask>'s elder brother launched a weekly, which was one of the earliest Urdu newspapers of North India. Sir <mask> lived a typical life for an affluent young Muslim noble until the death of his father. He was given the title of Arif Jung by

masks:
Syed Ahmad
Syed Ahmad
Syed
Syed
Sir Syed
Syed
Syed Ahmad
Syed


title: Syed Ahmad Khan

texts: the emperor after his father's death.Sir <mask> continued to study in private despite the financial difficulties that ended his formal education. Sir <mask> decided to enter the service of the East India Company because he recognized the decline in Mughal political power. Indians were admitted to the colonial civil service in the 1860s. His first appointment was as a Serestadar. The clerk is responsible for record-keeping and managing court affairs. He was promoted to the title of deputy reader in the office of the Commissioner after he was transferred to Agra. He was appointed as the Munsif in 1841 and later transferred to Delhi.He was in Delhi until 1854 but only for two short-term postings. He was promoted to the post of Sadr Amin in 1856. Sir <mask> gained a lot of knowledge about British colonial politics while he was in the courts. Sir <mask> was the chief assessment officer at the court in Bijnor at the time of the Indian rebellion. The lives of many British officers and their family members were saved when he stood by them. Many civilians were killed in the conflict. The Muslim power centers of Delhi, Agra, Lucknow and Kanpur were severely affected.Several of his relatives died in the violence. He was able to save his mother from the turmoil, but she died because of the privations she had experienced. In 1858, he was appointed as Sadarus

masks: Syed Syed Syed Syed


title: Syed Ahmad Khan

texts: Sudoor, a high-ranking post at the court in Muradabad, where he began working on his most famous literary work, The Cause of the Indian Revolt. He was transferred to Aligarh in the late 19th century. He was elevated to the position of a sub- judge of small causes in 1864. In 1869, he accompanied his two sons, <mask> and <mask>, who were going to study in England. Sir <mask> settled in Aligarh after retiring from government service.He served on the Imperial Legislative Council from July to July 1880. The second term lasted until 1884. He was a member of the Legislative Council of the Lieutenant Governor of the North- Western Provinces. <mask>'s mother and maternal grandfather were both interested in his education. The Wazir in the Mughal court was also a teacher, mathematician and astronomer. Sufism had an impact on <mask> since he was a child. His maternal uncle was an expert in music and mathematics and influenced him in his early days.The influence of three schools of religious on <mask>'s outlook can be seen in his early theological writings. While Sir <mask> was in favor of religious forms in India, he was against the Indian Wahhabi movement. Sir <mask>'s style of writing was influenced by the style of prose and poetry of Ghalib and Zauq. He would visit the two Imams in his learning years. A teacher in Arabic at Agra College in the early 1840s

masks:
Syed Hamid
Syed Mahmood
Syed
Sir Syed
Sir Syed
Sir Syed
Syed
Syed


title: Syed Ahmad Khan

texts: who encouraged and corrected his early works was one of the influences on him. He used freedom of expression to bring reforms to the Muslim community. John Stuart Mill was one of the western writers who influenced his political thoughts.He modeled his own journals after the ones written by Richard Steele and Joseph Addison. While continuing to work as a junior clerk, Sir <mask> began focusing on writing at the age of 23 and wrote at least 6000 pages. Sir <mask> <mask>'s career as an author began when he published a series of religious works. His early religious writings have his religious thoughts leaning towards the orthodoxy which slowly becomes independent with his increasing contact with the West. His early works show the influence of Sufism. The main themes of these works are popularising the practice of Prophet Muhammad as the one true path and the desire to reform the lives of Indian Muslims from religious innovations thus endeavoring for the purity of Islamic belief in India. His later religious writings such as his commentary on the Torah and Gospel and his essays on Muhammad were stimulated in response to Christian missionary activities in India and the aggressive view of British historians towards Islam.His first work was a biographical sketch of Prophet Muhammad, which was published in 1842. It was prose for reading from a book. His

masks:
Syed
Syed Ahmad
Khan


title: Syed Ahmad Khan

texts: friend Nur al Hasan encouraged him to publish his second book, The Gift to Hasan. The tenth and twelfth chapter of Shah Abdul Aziz Dehlavi's Tuhfah-i Ithna Ashariyya was a critique of Shia beliefs. The tenth chapter deals with the Shia accusations against the Sahabi and the twelfth deals with the Shia doctrine of tawalli and tabarri. His third book, entitled Kalimat al-Haqq, was published in 1849. It is a critique of Sufi practices.The first part of the work is devoted to the idea of piri, in which he argues that Muhammad is the only valid pir. He wants reforms in the pir-murid relationship. The Sunna and the Rejection of Innovations was his fourth book. He criticized the religious practices and beliefs of his fellow Muslims, which he felt was mixed with innovation and deviated from the true Sunnah. He defended the Sufi practice of tasawwur-i-Shaikh in a letter published in 1852. The passages he translated were from al-Ghazali's Kimiya al Sa'ada. Sir <mask>wrat Wa 'I-injil'ala millat al Islam was published in three parts in English and Urdu from 1862 to 1865. While the first part deals with the Islamic approach to biblical writings, the second and third part contain commentary on the Book of Genesis and Matthew. He wrote Al-Khutbat al-Ahmadiyya fi'l Arab wa'I Sirat al-Muhammadiyya, a series of essays on the life of Prophet Muhammad. He was upset


title: Syed Ahmad Khan

texts: by the portrayal of Islam and Prophet Mohammad. The younger generation of Muslims might have doubts about the book. He took his son to England to get a first-hand look at Western civilization. While not agreeing with all of Darwin's ideas, he was a sort of theistic evolutionist like Asa Gray, and one of the first in the Islamic world, finding the arguments supporting such view through his own scientific research.<mask> began commentary on Quran in 1877. It was published as Tafsir ul-Quran in seven volumes and the last volume was published six years after his death. He analysed and interpreted 16 paras and 13 surahs of the Quran. In the first volume, he laid down 15 principles that he based his commentary on. In 1840, Sir <mask> compiled a book of chronological tables about the Timurid rulers of Delhi at the request of Robert N. C. Hamilton, his patron. It was published under the title Jam-i-Jum. The biographical data of the ruler of Delhi was compiled in Silsilat-ul-Mulk.The history he wrote on the city of Bijnor was destroyed during the rebellion. He wrote critical editions of books like Tuzk-e-Jahangiri. The two editions of Asar-us-Sanadid and Ain-e-Akbari are the most important historical works that brought him fame as a scholar. The book Asar-us-Sanadid (The Remnants of Ancient Heroes) was published in 1847. The buildings outside the city of

masks:
Sir Syed
Syed


title: Syed Ahmad Khan

texts: Delhi, the buildings around the Delhi Fort, the monuments in Shahjahanabad and the last section present a brief historical account of the various settlements of Delhi and the prominent inhabitants of Delhi. The first book illustrations in India were drawn by Faiz <mask> and Mirza Shahrukh Beg. The second edition of Ansar-as-sanadid was released in 1854.The second edition is abbreviated and more factual than the first edition. Sir <mask> earned the reputation of a cultured scholar as a result of this work. It was translated into French in the 19th century. The book was presented to him by the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland. The scholarly and illustrated edition of Ai'n-e Akbari was finished by Ain-e-Akbari. The first two volumes of the work were published in 1854. The second volume was destroyed in the rebellion that took place that year.After finishing the work, <mask> approached the great Ghalib to write a taqriz, a laudatory foreword, for it. A short Persian poem castigating the Ai'n-e Akbari, and by implication, the imperial, sumptuous, literate and learned Mughal culture of which it was a product, was produced by Ghalib. The book had little value even though it was an antique document. <mask> <mask> wasted his talents and time on dead things. He praised the "sahibs of England" who at that time held all the keys to the

masks:
Ali Khan
Syed
Syed Ahmad
Syed Ahmad
Khan


title: Syed Ahmad Khan

texts: world. Sir <mask> <mask> gave up taking an interest in history and archaeology after praising the Ai'n-e Akbari. He edited two more historical texts over the next few years, but neither of them was anything like the Ai'n: a vast and triumphalist document on the governance of Akbar.<mask> was posted as a chief assessment officer at the court. The history of the mutiny was recorded in a book. He was worried about the consequences of the mutiny for his fellow Muslims. Asbab-e-Baghawat-e-Hind, Loyal Muhammadans of India, and Review on Dr. Hunter's Indian Musalmans: Are They Bound in Conscience to Rebel Against were all written by him. To create a relationship between the British authorities and the Muslim community. Sir <mask> supported the East India Company during the Indian Revolt, a role which has been criticized by some nationalists. The causes of the Indian revolt were studied in the booklet Asbab-e-Baghawat-e-Hind published by <mask>.He rejected the idea that the conspiracy was planned by Muslim elites because they resented the diminishing influence of Muslim monarchs. He blamed the expansion of the East India Company on the ignorant British politicians. Sir <mask> told the British to appoint Muslims to help in administration to prevent haramzadgi. The biography of Sir <mask> states that he began to write the pamphlet "The Causes of the Indian

masks:
Syed Ahmad
Khan
Sir Syed
Syed
Sir Syed
Syed
Syed


title: Syed Ahmad Khan

texts: Revolt" as soon as he reached Muradabad. The British had invented a theory to explain the causes of the Mutiny, but he refused to accept it. Sir <mask> did not wait for an English translation to send the Urdu version to the Mufassilat Gazette Press in Agra. He got 500 copies back from the printers.He was warned not to send the pamphlet to the British Parliament or the Government of India. Sir <mask> was begged to burn the books by his friend Rae Shankar Das. Sir <mask> said that he was bringing these matters to the attention of the British for the benefit of his own people and the government. He said that if he came to any harm while doing something that would benefit the rulers and the people of India, he would be happy to die. When he saw that Sir <mask>'s mind was made up and nothing could be done to change it, he cried and remained silent. After performing a supplementary prayer and asking God's blessing, Sir <mask> sent almost all the 500 copies of his pamphlet to England, one to the government and the rest to himself. The book was translated and presented to the council by the government of India and they accepted it as a friendly report.The foreign secretary called it an extremely seditious pamphlet. The author should be harshly dealt with unless he can give a satisfactory explanation, as he wanted a proper inquiry into the matter. No other

masks: Syed Syed Syed Syed Syed


title: Syed Ahmad Khan

texts: member of the Council agreed with his opinion. Sir <mask> met the foreign secretary at the durbar after he was invited. He told Sir <mask> that if he really had the government's interests at heart, he wouldn't have made his opinion known in this way throughout the country. Sir <mask> only had 500 copies printed, the majority of which he sent to England, and one was given to the government of India. He had the receipt to prove it.He was aware that the view of the rulers had been distorted by the stress and anxieties of the times, which made it difficult to put the most straightforward problem in its right perspective. He didn't communicate his thoughts publicly because of this. He promised that he would personally pay for every copy that was found in India. At first, Beadon wasn't sure if <mask> was sure that no other copy had been distributed in India. Beadon never mentioned it again after <mask> reassured him. He was one of Sir <mask>'s strongest supporters. There were many official translations of The Causes of the Indian Revolt.The subject of many discussions and debates was formed by the one undertaken by the India Office. The pamphlet was translated by the government of India, but no version was made available to the public. The translation was finished by Sir <mask>'s friend, Colonel G.F.I. Graham was published in 1873. The life of Muslims

masks:
Syed
Syed
Syed
Sir Syed
Sir Syed
Syed
Syed


title: Syed Ahmad Khan

texts: who stood by the Loyal Mohammedans of India was chronicled in a series of pamphlets written by Sir <mask>. The first and second issues were published in 1860 and the third in 1861. The first issue highlighted the bravery of those Muslims who stood by the British, while the second featured an article on jihad in which he makes a distinction between jihad and rebellion.In August 1871 William Wilson Hunter, a Scottish historian and member of the Indian Civil Service published Indian Musalmans: Are They Bound in Conscience to Rebel Against the Queen? He argued that the Muslims were a threat to the Empire and that the Indian Wahabi movement was involved in the rebellion. Hunter equates rebellion with self-stylised jihadis. The prosecution of Muslims in India, especially in the North Western Provinces, was a result of his accusations. Sir <mask> wrote a rejoinder to the book after many Muslims found his arguments one-sided. From November 24, 1871 to February 23, 1872, he reviewed the book in The Pioneer in a series of articles. They were published in a book in England.Sir <mask>'s arguments were based on the Prophet's conduct. <mask> <mask> was a Muslim reformer who had a passion for education. While studying European jurisprudence, Sir <mask> realized the advantages of Western-style education, which was being offered at newly established colleges

masks:
Syed
Syed
Syed
Syed Ahmad
Khan
Syed


title: Syed Ahmad Khan

texts: across India. Most Indian Muslims were suspicious of British influences due to the influence of traditional dogma and religious orthodoxy. Sir <mask> was starting to worry about the future of Muslim communities. Sir <mask>, a descendant of Mughal nobility, was aware of the decline of Muslim political power in India. Muslim communities in India were threatened by the animosity between the British and Muslims before and after the Indian Rebellion.Sir <mask> worked to promote loyalty to the Empire amongst Indian Muslims. One of the first religious schools to impart scientific education was founded by Sir <mask>, who was committed to working for the improvement of Muslims. Relief for the famine-struck people of North-West Province was organised by Sir <mask>. The Victoria High school was established by him while he was posted in Ghazipur. The Scientific Society was formed to promote educational reforms. He wrote an insightful tract on education titled Iltimas Ba Khidmat-e-Sakinan-e-Hind Dar Bab-e- Taraqqi Taleem in Ahl-e-Hind. Sir <mask> began working as an educator after he was transferred to Aligarh.The Scientific Society of Aligarh was rechristened after it was transferred from Ghazipur. Sir <mask> put together Muslim scholars from different parts of the country. Annual conferences, funds for educational causes, and a journal on scientific subjects

masks: Syed Syed Syed Syed Syed Syed Syed