title: Zhang Xiaogang

texts: of Fine Art, Guangzhou, China; and "Black", Tang Contemporary Art, Beijing, China."Case Studies of Artists in Art History and Art Criticism", SZ Art Center, Beijing, China; "Our Future: The Guy & Myriam Ullens Foundation Collection", Ullens Center for Contemporary Art, Beijing, China. "19 Games-A Chinese Contemporary Art Exhibition", T Art Centre, Beijing, China; "A Gift to Marco Polo", Venice International University, Venice, Italy. "Beijing-Havana - New Revolution art Contemporary Art", National Art Museum of Cuba, Havana, Cuba. The China National Museum of Fine Arts and Hong Kong Art Centre hosted the First Academic Exhibition of Chinese Contemporary Art in 1996. The British Court's International Art Fund gave a prize to Contemporary New Asian Artists. Also see Ai Wang, Jiechang, and Bing Shen. "<mask>gang at Max Protetch."There is art in America. 3 March 2001: 132. Jonathan Thomson. "<mask>g, History's Public Face." Asian Art News 14, no. In May and June 2004, it was 44–49. There is a person named Gao Minglu.Inside Out: New Chinese Art was published in 1998. There are gentle reminders. World Art is in Australia. In 1996: 16–19, 5 illus. There are external links to the feature article on

masks:
Zhang Xiao
Zhang Xiaogan


title: Nikolaus Ritter

type: paraphrased

texts: The Chief of Air Intelligence in the Abwehr (German military intelligence) who led spyrings in the United States and Great Britain from 1936 to 1941 is named <mask>. The son of Kthe Hellhoff and <mask> was born in Germany. He attended primary school in Bad Bederkesa from 1905 to 1910 and high school in Flensburg from 1911 to 1914. He enlisted in the German Imperial Army in World War I. He was wounded twice on the Western Front. In June 1918, he was promoted to Lieutenant. After World War I, he moved to Germany and became an employee of a textiles company.He became a textile engineer after attending the Prussian Technical School for Textiles in Germany. He went to the United States in January 1924 to work as a clerk at the Mallinson Silk Company in New York and also worked odd jobs as a floor layer, housepainter, metalworker and dishwasher. He married Mary Aurora Evans in 1997 and they had two children together. After returning to Germany with his family in 1935, he left his family in Germany and went back to NY. After joining the Abwehr, German Military Intelligence Service, in 1936, he settled in Bremen with his wife and children. In the Autumn of 1937, Aurora filed for divorce. Irmgard von Klitzing married <mask> in 1939 and they had a daughter, Karin.When the United States entered the war, Aurora tried to return to the United States, but her children were kidnapped and she couldn't. She was forced to remain in Germany after she found her son and daughter. In the summer of 1946, Aurora and the children returned to the US. The memoir "Aurora: An Alabama school teacher in Germany struggles to keep her children during WWII after she discovers her husband is a German spy" was written by her mother. The code name for the spymaster was DR. RANTZAU, and he operated under it in the late 1930s. <mask> was told to contact a former spymaster he knew from the first World War who was living in New York. The two spies met in New York in 1931, and they met again in New York in 1937.Herman W. Lang was

masks:
Nikolaus Ritter
Nikolaus Josef Ritter
Ritter
Ritter


title: Nikolaus Ritter

texts: a spy who operated under the code name: Paul. Herman Lang was hired by the Carl L.Norden Company to make an advanced, top secret military bomber part. He gave <mask> a large drawing of the bombsight, which he stored inside of a hollow cane umbrella, and he took it back to Germany by ship. Lang was brought to Germany to finish an improved version of the bombsight after the Germans built a model from the drawings. Lang was received by Gring while in Germany. The factory used to make the German version of the bombsight was captured by the Third U.S. Army Division in 1945. The engineer and designer of confidential materials for the U.S. Army and Navy was also a German agent in the U.S.The plans for the advanced automatic pilot device were obtained from Roeder. blueprints of the Glenn Martin bomber, classified drawings of range finders, blind-flying instruments, a bank-and-turn indicator, a navigator compass, a wiring diagram of the Hudson bomber, and diagrams of the Hudson gun mountings were also disclosed. Although he employed several other successful agents across the U.S., he also made the mistake of recruiting a man who would later become a double agent. On February 8, 1940, Harry Sawyer was sent to New York by <mask> to establish contact with the German shortwave station. To contact a fellow agent code named DUNN, Sebold was told to use the code name TRAMP. After the FBI discovered that Duquesne was once again in New York operating as a German spy, director J. Edgar Hoover provided a background briefing to President Franklin Roosevelt. FBI agent Newkirk, using the name Ray McManus, rented a room above Duquesne's apartment near Central Park and used a hidden microphone to record his conversations.Three rooms in Times Square were leased by the FBI. One room would be used as a double-agent's office where he would receive intelligence reports from Abwehr spies that would later be edited by the FBI and partially transmitted to Germany. German-speaking FBI agents used the other two rooms to

masks: Ritter Ritter


title: Nikolaus Ritter

texts: meeting in Cologne. The Germans had no idea the British knew about the compromised address, which was Postfach. Owens was an Abwehr agent. The code name was Johnny O'Brien. Owens became aware that he was being followed by watchers from MI5 and in September 1937 he informed Colonel Edward Peal of SIS that he had made a good contact in Germany.Peal told him that there was no need for him to run with the hare and hunt with the hounds. Owens received the most up-to-date training in German spycraft, so he could report detailed information on airfields, factories and special devices used by the RAF. The German radio transmitter was hidden in a suitcase at London's Victoria Station and arrived via diplomatic pouch to the German Embassy in London on January 16, 1939. Owens kept the radio until the outbreak of war when he was arrested and imprisoned at Wormwood Scrubs Prison. The day after Britain's declaration of war against Germany on 4 September, Owens contacted Inspector Gagan of Special Branch and volunteered his services to the British Government. Owens was visited in his cell by MI5's Major Thomas Argyll Robertson (Tar), who proposed his wireless set should be brought in and used to reestablish contact with Germany, but this time it would be under MI5's control and direction. Faced with the consequences of espionage against his own country, Owens agreed to the proposal and became Britain's first double agent.On September 9th, the first MI5 controlled radio transmission was sent out in a code that said 'all ready have repaired radio send instructions now waiting reply'. Owens became a key agent in Britain's Double-Cross System operated by the "Twenty [XX] Committee", a complex double-agent program whose name comes from an inter-agency board chaired by MI5 with representatives from all British intelligence services and interested departments. MI5 supplied Owens with false names of agents to give to <mask>, as well as plants to introduce him to potential German agents who were willing to


title: Nikolaus Ritter

texts: carry out acts of sabotage against Britain. In the summer of 1940, Owens began sending advance warning of the first German invasion spies via his radio transmitter which was now under MI5's control. Once captured, MI5 would give these Abwehr agents a choice of becoming double-agents with MI5 or face death. Information about troop movements and the keys to cracking German codes were delivered by several former Abwehr who chose to work for Britain. Double agents were used to plant misinformation and play large-scale deceptions on the Germans. MI5 was suspicious of Owens because he exaggerated his importance.Sam McCarthy was sent by MI5 to rendezvous with Owens in the North Sea. McCarthy became convinced that Owens was a genuine Nazi spy and that he would betray his identity as a British spy as soon as he arrived. Owens' downfall came after MI5 sent him on a mission to Lisbon in early 1941 to introduce their latest plant, an ex RNAS officer come confidence trickster, called Walter Dicketts, who worked in intelligence for the Air Ministry during World War I. Dicketts returned to Britain as a German spy with the codename JACK BROWN after outwitting his interrogators in Berlin. MI5 spent a lot of time trying to establish who was telling the truth after the men returned to Britain. Dicketts' testimony was believed over Owens, who was imprisoned for the remainder of the war for betraying Dicketts and for telling <mask> that his German radio set was under the control of MI5. Dicketts was sent back to Lisbon in June to help George Seller defect to Britain in exchange for being allowed to rejoin his relatives in the USA.He believed Owens was always his spy until his death, and that he had been betrayed by Dicketts. Owens was interested in making money from both sides and neither side trusted him completely. Owens moved to Ireland after the war and died there in 1957. The Twenty Committee grew to 120 double-agents over the course of the war. After the betrayal of Owens, the Twenty Committee almost


title: Nikolaus Ritter

texts: abandoned its double-agents, but when the Abwehr failed to come up with a response, the Twenty Committee decided to give its double-agents to Germany. Due to fear of repercussions, <mask> did not inform his superiors that the cover for the agents in Britain had been blown. Before the Second World War, Captain Count Lszl Almsy of the Royal Hungarian Air Force lived in North Africa, where he was a desert explorer, mobility expert, and the celebrated aerial discoverer of the Lost Oasis of Zer.The book "Unbekannte Sahara" was published in Germany in 1939 and was based on Almsy's time in North Africa. The British had ousted Almsy as Army chief of staff in order to organize an Arab revolt against them. The Abwehr chief agreed to the plan and sent the second in command, Almsy, to Taormina in Sicily. The Sonderkommando was tasked to provide military intelligence on desert warfare to Field Marshall Rommel, to extract el Masri from Cairo, and to form a spy ring in Egypt. Two pilots, a Fieseler Fi-156 Storch liaison plane, and two Heinkel He-111 medium bombers were immediately assigned to <mask>. Four multi-lingual Abwehr radio operators were assigned in Sicily, Greece, Libya, and Cairo. On May 16, 1941, Almsy flew to Egypt to meet with el Masri, but the plane carrying el Masri developed engine trouble and crashed 10 miles outside Cairo.They tried again on June 17 and this time they succeeded. <mask>'s pilot refused to land at the designated meeting place due to difficult terrain and near darkness, and fighting over Libya forced his plane to ditch in the Mediterranean, wounding him and forcing the survivors to spend the next 9 hours in a life raft before washing up on the beach. He became a commander of several anti-aircraft installations after returning to Germany. In 1972 <mask> published his memoir - Deckname Dr. Rantzau. The Code Name is Dr. Rantzau and he is an officer in the Secret Intelligence Service. He died in Germany in 1974. Births of Abwehr German military personnel of World War I and

masks: Ritter Ritter Ritter Ritter


title: Yash Pal

texts: He was an Indian scientist, educator and educationist. He was known for his contributions to the study of cosmic rays. He was one of the leading science communicators in the country. From 1986 to 1991, he was the Chairman of the University Grants Commission. He was the recipient of India's second highest civilian honor. The British India native was born in Jhang, Punjab Province, now in Pakistan. Abdus Salam, the renowned theoretical physicist, was born in the town of Jhang.The 1935 Quetta earthquake was the deadliest earthquake in South Asia until 2005 and killed over 60,000 people. He couldn't attend school for a year because the town was being rebuilt. He was raised in Kaithal district. He participated in the Students Union at the University of the Punjab as a student activist while he was a student at the Lahore campus of the University of the Punjab. Partition disrupted his studies as he entered the final year of his degree. The riots that broke out after partition made it impossible for him to return to his studies in Lahore. Some obsolete WW2 army barracks in Delhi were converted into operational classrooms by a group of students and their teachers, supported by Prof. D.S.A professor of physics at Delhi University is among them. He continued his studies in the Delhi campus of Panjab University. He received a degree in physics from Panjab University. He obtained a PhD degree in physics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the 1960's. As a member of the Cosmic rays group, <mask> <mask> started his career at the TIFR in Bombay. He went to Massachusetts Institute of Technology for his PhD and stayed there until 1983. The Department of Space was established in 1972

masks: Yash Pal


title: Yash Pal

texts: by the Government of India.The first Director of the Space Applications Centre was appointed in 1973. He was still on the faculty at the same time. As the Secretary General of the Second United Nations Conference on Peaceful Uses of Outer Space he began his administrative assignments. After he was appointed chairman of the University Grants Commission, he held the posts of Chief Consultant, Planning Commission and Secretary, Department of Science and Technology. He advocated the setting up of Inter-University Centres funded by the UGC, on the model of the Nuclear Science Centre in New Delhi. The Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics emerged from this vision. The Vice President of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics Indian National Science Academy was a member of the UN Advisory Committee on Science and Technology for Development.He was the Chancellor of Jawaharlal Nehru University. The pathbreaking Hoshangabad Science Teaching Programme was started by Education School education Pal in the early 1970s. The National Advisory Committee was set up by the Ministry of Human Resource Development to look into the issue of overburdening of school children. The report of the committee is considered to be a seminal document in Indian education. The steering committee of the National Council of Educational Research and Training was chaired by Pal. The curriculum review exercise was done in the light of the report, Learning Without Burden, according to the Executive Summary of the NCF 2005. The role of the chairman of the University Grants Commission has already been described.The Committee on Higher Education was set up in 2009, with <mask> as the chairman, to


title: Yash Pal

texts: examine reform of higher education in India. A number of major structural changes were advocated by the Committee in its report. The Government may not take any action on the basis of the report. On June 24, 2009, he submitted a report on "Renovation and Rejuvenation of Higher Education in India" to the Ministry of Human Resource Development. The case was filed in the Supreme Court against a law which was used to establish universities without regulatory approvals. The private universities formed under the law had to be closed after he won the case. In addition to his regular appearances on the science programme Turning Point on Doordarshan, <mask> <mask> is also known for his participation in advisory boards for televised science programmes.He answered readers' science-related questions for The Tribune. His death was due to old age related illnesses. He dismissed belief in deities, astrology and religious rituals as unscientific. In 1976, the Indian government awarded <mask> a prestigious award for his contributions to science and space technology. A fellow of the Indian National Science Academy, <mask> was made a Marconi Fellow in 1980 for his work at the Space Applications Centre. He received the Kalinga Prize for popularising science. He received the Lal Bahadur Shastri National Award for excellence in public administration, academics and management in October 2011.From March 2007 to March 2012 he was the Chancellor of Jawaharlal Nehru University. The third and second highest Indian civilian honours were given to Pal. The Indira Gandhi Prize for Popularization of Science was given to <mask> for his outstanding contribution to science. There are External links to

masks: Yash Pal Pal Pal Pal


title: Michael Fleischer (mineralogist)

texts: <mask> was an American chemist and mineralogist. He worked for the U.S. Geological Survey from 1939 to 1978. The Glossary of Mineral Species was first published in 1971 and is known for his large number of chemical abstracts and reviews of proposed mineral names. <mask> was the son of Hungarian Jewish immigrants and was born on February 27, 1908. He studied chemistry and mineralogy at Yale University. He obtained a Bachelor of Science degree in 1930 and a doctorate in physics in 1933. He graduated during the Great Depression.His first job was as a chemist. They had two sons, Walter and David, who were married to Helen Isenberg. <mask> was a research associate at Yale from 1933 to 1934. He was an assistant to Professor Ford from 1934 to 1936 and helped prepare a revision of Dana's System of Mineralogy. He began to contribute to the Chemical Abstracts in 1934. The last was published in 1994. He edited the section for many years.He was a physical chemist at the Carnegie Institute for Science until 1939 after moving to Washington in 1936. Fleischer worked for the United States Geological Survey from 1939 to 1978. About 900 Russian articles were translated into English for the U.S. Geological Survey. Between 1942 and 1969 <mask> was a co-author of ten papers on the mineralogy of manganese oxides. The work contributed to the problem of recognizing the minerals. In 1943, <mask> and W. E.Richmond fully described the mineral ramsdellite, which they named after the mineralogist Lewis S. Ramsdell. The importance of the nsutite as a component of dry cell batteries was shown in a 1944 paper by Fleischer.Fleischer led a group of researchers into raw materials for the Manhattan Project. His team prepared restricted reports on the chemistry of many minerals. In 1950, 1952, 1955 and 1967, <mask> and Judith W. Frondel published a glossary of minerals. Between 1962 and 1989 he published 14 papers on the chemistry of the lanthanide series of chemical elements. He was interested in trace elements and their effects on the human body. In the Fall 1970 issue of The Mineralogical

masks:
Michael Fleischer
Michael Fleischer
Fleischer
Fleischer
Fleischer
Fleischer


title: Michael Fleischer (mineralogist)

texts: Record Fleischer proposed that BaF2 might exist in nature, but probably not in association with the highlysoluble sulfate, phosphate or carbonate phases of barium. This observation is consistent with the associations of the mineral frankdicksonite.<mask> is best known for his work on mineral names. He took charge of the New Mineral Names column in 1941 using the initials M.F. He wrote this column for over 40 years, first alone and then with associates. The problem of acceptance criteria for new minerals was addressed by him. Fleischer changed the format of the abstracts from brief reports to critical essays that pointed out unnecessary names. According to Fleischer, bursaite's X-ray data shows many coincidences between the minerals kobellite and cosalite. There are subsections on New Data and Discredited Minerals.Between 1941 and 1960, 583 new species were proposed. Only 311 was accepted. More than 200 species names were discredited. <mask> held the position of chairman of the IMA Commission on New Minerals and Mineral Names until 1974. His Glossary of Mineral Species was first published in 1971. Mineral species, their formulas and their crystal systems are listed in the book. He and Joseph A. Mandarino collaborated on revised editions in 1991 and 1995.The highest honor of the Mineralogical Society of America was received by Fleischer in 1975. He received a medal from the Austrian Mineralogical Society. The United States Department of the Interior awarded him a medal in 1978. Fleischer was a research associate at the Department of Mineral Sciences. Fleischer was president of the Geological Society of Washington and vice president of the Geological Society of America. He became a member of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences in 1992. He was a professor at George Washington University.The Hebrew Home of Greater Washington was where Fleischer died of Alzheimer's disease at the age of 90. The mineral is named after him. Fleischer was president of the Mineralogical Society of America, the Geological Society of America, and the French Society of

masks: Fleischer Fleischer


title: Michele Rua

texts: He was an Italian Roman Catholic priest and professed member of the Salesians of Don Bosco. <mask> was one of Don Bosco's closest friends and was a student under him. He was the first Rector Major of the Salesians. The Salesians order had grown to a significant degree around the world at the time he died. <mask> was a spiritual director and leader for the Salesians who were known for their austerities and rigid adherence to the rule. He was nicknamed the living rule because of this. The process of <mask>'s beatification began after his death and ended in 1972, when Pope Paul VI beatified <mask>.Life Education <mask> was born in a poor neighborhood on the outskirts of Turin. Giovanni Battista and Giovanna <mask> had nine children. His father died on August 2, 1845. He lived with his mother in the warehouse apartment which she was able to keep and where she would begin work. Prior to his marriage to <mask>'s mother, his father was widowed with five children. <mask> attended a school that was managed by the Brothers of the Christian Schools. He met Giovanni Bosco who was working to improve the lives of the children of the neighborhood and who had just built his "oratorio" of Francis de Sales.<mask> was one of the first people to join the "oratorio" after learning of the idea of founding a religious congregation. One morning in 1847, while handing medals to children, Bosco extended his open left hand to <mask> and then cut his left hand in half and offered it to <mask>. "Take it!" said Bosco. But <mask> asked, "But take what?" When <mask> was told that

masks:
Rua
Rua
Rua
Rua
Michele Rua
Maria Rua
Rua
Rua
Rua
Rua
Rua
Rua
Rua


title: Michele Rua

texts: their lives were intertwined into doing the work of God, no response was given. He was sent to Saint Giuseppe Cafasso for spiritual guidance. <mask> was asked in 1850 if he wanted to continue his ecclesial studies, but he said he would help his mother in providing for his siblings.<mask> said that it depended on his mother's word. <mask> was told by his mother that he would continue his studies. Giovanni Battista and his brother Luigi died in 1851. He told Bosco that he would live for another five decades. On October 3, 1854, Bosco granted him and another person the cassock. <mask> was one of the first members of the new Society of St. Francis de Sales. He was Bosco's closest ally in the development of the congregation for the next three decades.<mask> brought his mother to live at the oratory after Don Bosco's mother died. He went to Rome in 1858 to get official authorization for the congregation. Monsignor Giovanni Balma ordination to the priesthood was celebrated on July 29, 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 He was raised to the diaconate on 24

masks: Rua Rua Rua Rua Rua


title: Michele Rua

texts: March 1860 after being a subdeacon. The Salesian congregation's first house outside Torino was located at Mirabello, where he served as the rector from 1863 to 1863. He was the manager of the "Letture Cattoliche" after returning to Turin in 1865. He fell ill with peritonitis after returning to Torino to help an ill Bosco.He was out of danger within a week. On November 15, 1865, he made his final profession. <mask> was the first director of the Salesian Sisters and was involved in the formation of new candidates. <mask> became the vicar for the congregation in 1865 when he was a constant companion of Bosco. The saint made an explicit request to the Pope to succeed him until he died, but he wouldn't succeed him until he died. After Bosco's death, he was made the Rector Major and had a private meeting with the XIII. <mask> was told to hold off on the order's expansion until he could consolidate the foundation of the order.<mask> was nicknamed "The Living Rule" due to his strict adherence to the rule and his tender approach to people. He made a lot of trips to Europe and the Middle East to visit Salesian houses. <mask> went to France and the Netherlands in 1890. He traveled to England, Algeria, and Portugal in 1899 and 1893. He visited Tunisia in 1900, Belgium in 1904, and Switzerland and Poland in 1906. He visited Jerusalem and Palestine in the 20th century. Pope Pius X asked him to oversee the construction of a church.The Basilica di Nostra Signora Aiuto dei Cristiani houses the remains of <mask>, who died at the age of 73 on April 6, 1910, after being

masks:
Rua
Rua
Rua
Rua
Rua
Death Rua


title: Michele Rua

texts: ill since the fall of 1909. From 773 to 4000 Salesians, the Salesian Society grew from 57 to 345 communities, from 6 to 34 Provinces and from 33 countries around the world. Cardinal Agostino Richelmy inaugurated the beatification process in the Archdiocese of Turin on May 2, 1922, and the process ended on May 8, 1939. Pope Pius XI formally introduced the cause on January 15, 1936 and <mask> became a servant of God. Pope Pius XII confirmed <mask>'s life of heroic virtue on June 26, 1953. Pope Paul VI beatified Rua on October 29, 1972 in Saint Peter's Square and declared that the current postulator for <mask>'s cause of canonization is a Salesian priest. References A. Amadei.I servo di Dio Michele <mask>. SEI, 1931. Auffray. <mask> <mask>. SEI, 1933. Ceria. The Servo di Don Michele Rua is named after a person.SEI, 1949. F. Desramaut is a person. Don Bosco's premier successeur is Vie de DonMichel <mask>. Rome: Ateneo Salesiano. G.B. Francesia. <mask> <mask>.The city of Turin was founded in 1911. <mask> <mask> ai Salesiani received a letter. The Direzione Generale della Opere Salesiane was published in 1966. Sacra Rituum is a synagogue. Taurinen. Beatificationis et Canonizationis is called Positio super Virtutibus. Typis Guerra and Belli were born in 1947.Hagiography Circle Salesians UK Saints SQPN Catholic Ireland births 1910 deaths 19th-century Italian Roman Catholic priests 19th-century venerated Christians 20th-century Italian Roman Catholic priests 20th-century venerated Christians Beatifications by Pope Paul VI Italian educational theorists Clergy

masks:
Rua
Rua
Rua
Rua
Don Michele
Rua
Rua
Don Michele
Rua
Don Michele
Rua


title: Mubariz Khan (Bengal)

texts: Mubriz Khn was a Mughal Empire commander. He fought against the rebels of Bengal. He was the officer of Fort Jatrapur. <mask> was brought up in a household. His brothers were all named Baig. The soldiers were told to catch wild elephants. Some elephants were brought back to the Qamargah by <mask>, Iftikhar and Satrajit.The troops caught 135 elephants after <mask> arrived in Nazirpur. The elephants were given to <mask>. The Subahdar of Bengal, <mask> I, told <mask> and his brothers to join his brother in an expedition against Majlis Qutb. They were able to reduce large areas of Qutb's domain. Fathabad was captured by the Mughal forces. Qutb wrote a letter to <mask> asking for help and Musa deputed an army with 200 war-boats. The rebels were driven off by Satrajit after a number of battles.After <mask> returned to Jahangirnagar from Fathabad, he was given charge of Fort Jatrapur, which was previously run by the rebel <mask>. <mask> was posted in the rear of Tuqmaq <mask> and Mirak Bahadur Jalair with ninety war-boats. <mask> received a shawl for his hard work. <mask> was a part of the expedition. After seeing that the Mughals were defeating many of the rebels, he decided to give up and help the Mughals. <mask> agreed to have his son take part in the expedition. However, this was a conspiracy of Anwar's which he sent a letter about to Mahmud <mask>, telling him to

masks:
Mubariz
Mubariz
Islam Khan
Mubariz
Islam Khan
Mubariz
Musa Khan
Mubariz
Musa Khan
Mubariz
Khan
Mubariz
Mubariz
Islam Khan
Khan


title: Mubariz Khan (Bengal)

texts: inform the rebels of his plans in kidnapping Mughal officers and taking them to Greater Sylhet.<mask> was made the commander. When Mubariz reached Yarasindur, <mask> told him to continue until he reached Toke thana, where he should wait for his arrival and leave the rest of the army to continue being led by Islam Quli. The Mughals accepted the invitation of <mask> <mask> and others to a banquet. Mubariz decided not to go to the banquet the next day because he was not feeling well. When Islam Quli and Raja Ray went to the banquet, they were kidnapped by Anwar and then 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 After <mask> told me of the incident, he ordered Mubariz to go and attack Anwar's forces. When Mubariz arrived in Baniachong, he saw that Raja Satrajit had started a battle against Anwar and that he had submitted himself to the battle so that he could continue fighting later.The Islamic month of fast

masks:
Mubariz
Islam Khan
Mubariz
Khan
Islam Khan


title: Mubariz Khan (Bengal)

texts: coincides with the expedition. Each day, the Mughals would have a banquet in a different person's camp. The banquet was to be held in <mask>'s camp on the last day of Ramadan. The officers broke their fast and saw the moon. Cannons were fired. The author compared the processions to an earthquake. After hearing that his allies had joined the Mughal forces, the fort was evacuated with 250 men and 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884After hearing of Usman's departure, Anwar surrendered to <mask> and Satrajit with no hope left. Anwar kissed the feet of the officers after <mask> ordered him to be imprisoned to chains. After surrendering to the Mughals, Pratapaditya sent his son Sangramaditya to <mask> I and donated 80 war boats. The Subahdar sent an army led by Ghiyas <mask> to punish Pratapaditya for his past actions. Ghiyas was accompanied by <mask> <mask>. The expedition against Bayazid of Sylhet was led by <mask>.

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Mubariz
Mubariz
Islam Khan
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Mubariz


title: Mubariz Khan (Bengal)

texts: <mask> was appointed in command of all imperial officers in Sylhet after the death of Bayazid.During the Subahdarship of Qasim <mask>, <mask> <mask>, Mirak Bahadur Jalair and other thanadars did not serve their appointed thanas. The Subahdar sent a message to the Emperor of their conduct. According to the reply, <mask> Baig and Mirak Jalair were now known as <mask> and Mirak Jalair. By this time, <mask>, Mirak and some other thanadars had returned to their posts. Due to this case, Qasim <mask> ordered his paymaster, Khwaja Tahir Muhammad, to restore their titles and jagirs. When a new Subahdar arrives, <mask> wished that he could show him his record of achievements and get on his good side, so he decided to lead an expedition to Pratapgarh. The tribe Mubariz came across was referred to as the Mughals by the Kacharis.The Mughal books claim that this tribe is a descendant of the Turco-Mongol Timurids. They say that during the reign of Timur in the late 12th century, the emperor left a group of Mongols to protect the land before returning to Baghdad. The members of this tribe were white-skinned, spoke a Sino-Tibetan language, ate all sorts of animals and vegetables, and wore large turbans and big brass earrings. This tribe was defeated by Mubariz, and some of their land was annexed to the Mughal Empire. Some people were sent to live with Qasim <mask>. Mirak Bahadur

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Mubariz
Khan Chishti
Mubariz
Khan
Mubariz
Mubarizg
Mubariz
Khan
Mubariz
Khan


title: Mubariz Khan (Bengal)

texts: Jalair was appointed to govern the new tribal area by Mubariz after he returned to Sylhet thana. The Emperor was pleased with the hard work of Mubariz and his forces and raised his rank and wage.The tribe is thought to be Meitei people because they speak the Sino-Tibetan language of Meitei. These groups of people used to be referred to as "Mei-Moglai". <mask> <mask> invaded the Kachari Kingdom and established a fort and thana after defeating the Raja. The Raja sent his envoy to <mask> saying that he will give a tribute of 40 elephants, 100,000 rupee and rare artifacts to Emperor Jahangir, 5 elephants and 20,000 rupee to Subahdar Qasim and 2 elephants and 20,000 rupee to Mubariz and Mirak. <mask> informed Qasim of the success after returning to Sylhet. The gifts were sent to the imperial court of Emperor Jahangir. <mask> <mask> died of natural causes.Mirak Bahadur Jalair was supposed to be appointed to govern the Sylhet Sarkar. After learning that Mirak had fled from his appointed territory, which had recently been conquered by <mask>, Qasim was not impressed. Abdul Nabi was sent to Yarasindur by Qasim after he changed his mind. In order to give him the honour of having sardarship over the entire Sylhet Sarkar as well as giving his brothers lesser roles in Sylhet, Qasim <mask> visited him in his own home. The History of Bengal, Bangladesh, and India can be found

masks: Mubariz Khan Mubariz Mubariz Mubariz Khan Mubariz Khan


title: John Palmer (composer)

texts: <mask> is a musician. <mask> began his music career as a musician. He studied piano with Eva Serman at the Lucerne School of Music in Switzerland in the 1980s, as well as composition with Edison Denisov and Vinko Globokar. He obtained a PhD in composition from City University London in 1994. Composition with Vinko Globokar at the Dartington Summer School, analysis with Jonathan Harvey at the University of Bristol, and conducting with Alan Hazeldine at the Guildhall School of Music and Drama are some of the further studies. Since 1987 <mask>'s works have focused on orchestral, instrumental, vocal, chamber music. Opera Re di Donne is a Chamber Opera in One Act, for 4 singers and ensemble with electronics.There areHypothetical Questions for string orchestra with string quartet. The double concerto for violin and cello was performed by the choir and orchestra. Omen was the first prize winner of the City of Lucerne Cultural Prize. Beyond the Bridge won the second prize in the Bourges International Competition for Electroacoustic Music. The first prize winner in the Sinfonietta Orchestral Competition Contest was Concertino. The second prize winner of the Tokyo International Competition for Chamber Music Composition was Theorem. The second prize winner in the 1996 City of Klagenfurt International Composition Prize was the second string quartet.The selection of Transient for Soprano, prepared piano and electronics was part of the Bourges International Competition for Electroacoustic Music. The medal of the President of the Italian Republic for Transference was given to the winner of the Citt di Udine International Competition for Composers. The Presque Rien International Competition Prize was won with mémoires. In the Temple - Animato Records ACD6144. I Am - Animato Records ACD6143. Animato Records has a record called Musica Reservata. There is a record called Beyond The Bridge in Edition Memnosyne. Theorem in Living Artists Recordings, Vol.3.Present Otherness is a label by living artists. Hinayana, Epitaph, between. Still, Satori. As it flies, Nowhere. Inwards, Drang, Transient, Fado. Without in Dots/Lines, Takao Hyakutome is a song by Verso

masks:
John Palmer
John Palmer
Palmer


title: John Palmer (composer)

texts: L'Alto. There is a limited edition.The Presque Rien Competition Prize CD label features Mémoires in Presque Rien. I was in Paris. There is a limited edition. Looking Within: The Music of <mask> - Dialogues and Essays is an edited book. The Vision Edition was written by Jonathan Harvey. An aural score, analysis and discussion in Vision Edition. Vision Edition 002-MP is about rhythm to go.The year 2013. The fourth edition of the book. Jonathan Harvey's Bhakti for chamber ensemble and electronics was published in 2001. Formal Strategies in Composition are used. The PhD thesis was from the City University of London. The introduction to "Images of the mind" was published in 1997. The paper was given at the 1997 KlangArt International Congress in Osnabrck, Germany.The book was published in Musik und Neue Technologie 3. A paper on conceptual models of interaction was given at the 1997 Sonic Arts Network Conference. The Seamus Journal is in the USA. No. XIV. The summer of 1999. The paper was given at the 1998 Seamus Conference in New Hampshire. The Seamus Journal is in the USA.No. XIII, No. Fall 1998. Paper for the Stockholm Hey Listen! is about listening towards a new awareness of a neglected skill. The Royal Swedish Academy of Music published the International Conference on Acoustic Ecology. The paper was given at the 1999art Congress. Epos music Universittsverlag Osnabrck was published in 2003 The lesson of freedom: Remembering Luc Ferrari was published in 'Soundscape - The Journal of Acoustic Ecology'.6, No. In the spring and summer of 2005. Soundscape ReferencesBreathing Silence An interview with a man. The picture was taken in 2011. The journal is called Musica/Tecnologia. The Firenze University Press was published in 2011.The Ambiguity of Sounds was reported in 1974. <mask> is a composer and pianist. Christian Peter Meier is a writer. The Luzerner Zeitung was published in 1993. Intervista is a <mask>. Lia De Pra Cavalleri is a writer. The Swiss Journal of culture and politics in education was published in April of 2003In Italian. Interview in Composition today. By Christian Morris. The main publisher of Composers Edition is Bellmann

masks:
John Palmer
John Palmer
John Palmer


title: Emil Kraepelin

texts: <mask> was a German psychiatrist. H. J. Eysenck's Encyclopedia of Psychology states that he is the founder of modern scientific psychiatry. <mask> believed that the main cause of psychiatric disease was biological and genetic malfunction. His theories dominated psychiatry at the start of the 20th century and, despite the later psychodynamic influence of Sigmund Freud and his disciples, enjoyed a revival at century's end. He claimed his own high clinical standards of gathering information by means of expert analysis of individual cases, but also drew on reported observations of officials not trained in psychiatry. His textbooks do not contain detailed case histories of individuals, but mosaic-like compilations of typical statements and behaviors from patients with a specific diagnosis. He developed a large-scale, clinically oriented, epidemiological research programme.<mask>, whose father was a former opera singer, music teacher, and later successful story teller, was born in 1856 in Neustrelitz, in the Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz in Germany. His brother Karl introduced him to biology when he was 10 years old. The University of Wrzburg was where Kraepelin completed his medical studies in 1868. He studied experimental psychology with Paul Flechsig. Kraepelin had a lifelong interest in experimental psychology based on his theories. The Influence of Acute Illness in the Causation of Mental Disorders was written by Kraepelin. His license to practice medicine was granted on August 9th, roughly equivalent to an MBBS, after he completed his Rigorosum, Staatsexamen, and Approbation at Wrzburg.He worked at the University of Munich in the late 19th century. In February 1882, he returned to the University of Leipzig and worked in the

masks: Kraepelin Kraepelin Kraepelin


title: Emil Kraepelin

texts: neurology clinic and the psychopharmacology laboratory. His thesis was titled "The Place of Psychology in Psychiatry". He completed his umhabilitation on December 3, 1884. The first edition of Compendium der Psychiatrie: Zum Gebrauche fr Studirende und Aerzte was published in 1884. He argued that Psychiatry was a branch of medical science and should be investigated by observation and experimentation. He started to establish the foundations of the modern classification system for mental disorders by calling for research into the physical causes of mental illness.<mask> proposed that by studying case histories and identifying specific disorders, the progression of mental illness could be predicted. He was appointed director of the Treatment and Nursing Institute in Dresden in 1884 after becoming senior physician in the town of Leubus. <mask> was named Professor of Psychiatry at the University of Dorpat at the age of 30 on 1 July 1886. I). He became department head at the University of Heidelberg on December 5, 1890. He became the director of the University Clinic at Dorpat. He began to study and record many clinical histories in detail and was led to consider the importance of the course of the illness with regard to the classification of mental disorders.<mask> became Professor of Clinical Psychiatry at the University of Munich in 1903. He was a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. The head of the German Association for Psychiatry from 1906–1920, he began plans to establish a centre for research in 1912. The German Institute for Psychiatric Research was founded in 1917 after a large donation from the Jewish German-American banker James Loeb, who had at one time been a patient. It was maintained by donations from Loeb


title: Emil Kraepelin

texts: Alzheimer's disease, there is a specific brain or other biological pathology underlying each of the major psychiatric disorders. He was a co-discoverer of Alzheimer's disease and his laboratory discovered its pathological basis. Kraepelin was confident that one day it would be possible to identify the pathological basis of each of the major psychiatric disorders.<mask> wrote on social policy issues when he became Professor of Clinical Psychiatry at the University of Munich in 1903. He was a strong advocate of racial hygiene. His publications focused on crime, alcoholism and hysteria. Kraepelin believed that the education system and the welfare state undermined the Germans' biological struggle for survival because they broke the processes of natural selection. He was concerned about preserving and enhancing the German people in the sense of nation or race. He seems to have held Lamarckian concepts of evolution. He was a strong supporter of the work of Rdin to clarify the mechanisms of genetic inheritance as to make a so-called "empirical genetic prognosis".According to Martin Brune, Kraepelin and Rdin were ardent advocates of a self-domestication theory, a version of social Darwinism, which held that modern culture was not allowing people to be weeded out. Weakening of viability and resistance, decreasing fertility, proletarianisation, and moral damage due to "penning up people" were some of the symptoms Kraepelin saw. The number of idiots, epileptics, psychopaths, criminals, prostitutes, and tramps who descend from alcoholic and syphilitic parents is incalculable. The well-known example of the Jews, with their strong disposition towards nervous and mental disorders, teaches us that their advanced domestication may eventually


title: Emil Kraepelin

texts: imprint clear marks on the race. Brune states that Kraepelin's nosological system was built on the degeneration paradigm. Influence Kraepelin's work, which had neither the literary quality nor paradigmatic power of Freud's, is not read outside of scholarly circles. Kraepelin's contributions were marginalized throughout the 20th century as a result of Freudian etiological theories.His views now dominate many quarters of mental health research. The American Psychiatric Association's DSM-IV and the World Health Organization's ICD system are based on his theories. Kraepelin developed a large-scale, clinically oriented, epidemiological research programme. He used a wide range of sources and networks to get clinical information. He would draw on the reported observations of officials not trained in psychiatry despite proclaiming high clinical standards for himself to gather information by means of expert analysis of individual cases. Detailed case histories of individuals are not included in the various editions of his textbooks. He has been described as a bourgeois or reactionary citizen.The style of Kraepelin's books made them useful for physicians. The English translations of the sixth and seventh editions of his textbook did not adequately convey the literary quality of his writings. Two of Santiago Ramn y's disciples were trained by Alois Alzheimer and <mask> at the beginning of the 20th century. He edited Psychologische Arbeiten, a journal on experimental psychology, in the early years. He made a famous contribution to this journal in the form of a monograph. There is a book entitled ber Sprachstrungen im Traume. Kraepelin studied for more than 20 years language disorder in dreams in order to study indirectly


title: Emil Kraepelin

texts: schizophasia.Kraepelin's dreams are his own. They don't have much comment by the dreamer. The full range of biographical knowledge available on Kraepelin is necessary in order to study them. <mask>, E. ber Sprachstrungen. There is a person named Engelmann in Leipzig. It's online.E<mask>. There are memoirs. New York: Springer-Verlag. The works of Burgmair, Wolfgang, Eric J., and others were collected. The man is <mask>. There are 9 volumes. The city of belleville was in Germany from 2000 to 2019.There is a new edition of Vol. I: Persnliches, Selbstzeugnisse was published in 2000. The second edition of "Werke und Briefe" was published in 2001. Briefe I, 1868–86, was published in 2002. IV: Kraepelin in Dorpat was published in 2003 Kraepelin in Heidelberg was published in 2005. The first edition of Kraepelin in Mnchen I was published in 1903–1914.VII: Kraepelin in Mnchen II: 1914–1920 was published in 2009. VIII: Kraepelin in Mnchen III was published in 2013. IX: Briefe und Dokumente II: 1876-1926 is also known as the Kraepelinian dichotomy comparison of bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Harvard University Press covers Cambridge and London. There are English translations of <mask>'s works, as well as those in the original German. For English translations of <mask>'s work, see: On Uprootedness (1921) and Psychiatric Observations on Contemporary Issues

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Kraepelin
. Kraepelin
Emil Kraepelin
Kraepelin
Kraepelin


title: Jo-Michael Scheibe

texts: The Department of Choral and Sacred Music at the Thornton School of Music at the University of Southern California was chaired by Jo-<mask>. He is the Professor of Choral and Sacred Music at USC and conducts the USC Chamber Singers. He became the National President-elect of the American Choral Directors' Association in 2008. <mask> previously served as the organization's Western Division President, as well as the National Repertoire and Standards Chairperson for Community Colleges. Singers under his leadership have sung at six national ACDA conventions, as well as two national Music Educators National Conference and various regional and state conventions. A native of Southern California, <mask> developed his love for music through his singing in church. After earning a degree in vocal and choral music education at California State University at Long Beach, he taught high school music.The University of Miami's Frost School of Music was one of the appointments. The preparation of choruses for Sir Colin Davis and the London Symphony Orchestra, as well as choral performances with Luciano Pavarotti, José Carreras, Salvatore Licitra, Maria Guleghina and Kenny Loggins, have all been done by <mask>. There are recordings on the Albany, Cane, Naxos, Arsis, and ANS labels. <mask> performs new works of choral literature and is a champion of contemporary music. He helped to launch careers of promising young composers and to promote music by international composers largely unknown in the United States. The Jo-Michael Scheibe Choral Series is distributed by Santa Barbara. After a

masks:
Michael Scheibe
Scheibe
Scheibe
Scheibe
Scheibe


title: Jo-Michael Scheibe

texts: 15-year tenure as director of Choral Studies at the University of Miami, <mask> returned to the University of Southern California in the fall of 2008.He received his D.M.A. He attended the University of Southern California. They are M.M. He received a distinguished alumni award from California State University at Long Beach. The Master Chorale of South Florida is one of the organizations that Scheibe has served as music and artistic director of. He has directed music ministries in churches as well, most recently at Coral Gables Congregational Church, where he conducted the Chancel Choir and vocal ensemble, which appeared at the ACDA Southern Division Convention in Nashville. A member of Chorus America, the International Federation of Choral Music, and other organizations.He conducted for Mozart. Mozart's first compositions were in the Salzburg Dom. In addition to being a clinician, conductor and adjudicator at the university, community college, community and secondary levels, Scheibe is in demand internationally as a conductor and adjudicator. The USC Chamber Singers have a DVD called "Sony Classical Legacy: Sixty Years of the USC Chamber Singers." The USC Chamber Singers have a DVD called "My Christmas: 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 Portrait of the Soul- Frost Chorale was


title: Ralph Klein

texts: The 12th premier ofAlberta and leader of the Progressive Conservative Association ofAlberta from 1992 until his retirement in 2006 was a Canadian politician and journalist. <mask> was the 32nd mayor ofCalgary from 1980 to 1989. He was born and grew up in Canada. After dropping out of High School in the 11th grade, <mask> joined the Royal Canadian Air Force reserves and attended the business college. <mask> later worked in public relations with non-profits. The challenges of the working class, social outcasts and First Nations were reported by <mask> after he became a prominent local journalist. The boom and bust of the oil industry in the 1980s was overseen by <mask>, who was elected Mayor of the city in 1980.<mask> served as Environment Minister in the Cabinet of Don Getty for four years after he resigned as Mayor. In 1992, <mask> was elected as leader of the Progressive Conservative Association of Alberta and went on to lead the party to a majority government in the 1993 election. After 14 years as premier, <mask>'s tenure ended when Ed Stelmach took office. <mask> won four consecutive majority governments as premier. Early in his term, <mask>'s informal style endeared him to the people of the province, and his political longevity and centralized management style earned him the nickname "<mask>". During <mask>'s time as premier, he oversaw a short period of drastic cuts to the public service and privatization of government services, this fiscal strategy ended in the late 1990s as rising oil and gas prices increased provincial tax revenues resulting in spending increases and paying down of the provincial government debt. <mask> was the son of Philip Andrew <mask> and Florence JeanetteHarper.His paternal grandparents came from Germany and England. Phil was a poor man who rode the

masks:
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King Ralph
Klein
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title: Ralph Klein

texts: rails during the Great Depression in order to find work. He married a waitress and lived in the basement of her parents' house in order to make ends meet while working in construction. When he was five or six years old, <mask>'s parents separated and he lived with his maternal grandparents in the north end of the city and with his mother in Rocky Mountain House. <mask>'s father was a professional wrestler for most of the 1950s using the name Phil "The Killer" <mask> and later became a businessman after separating from his mother. After dropping out of high school in grade 11, <mask> joined the Royal Canadian Air Force and went on to complete high school. After his 18th birthday, <mask> returned home from the Air Force.<mask> was a teacher and principal of the College after studying accounting and business administration. He studied at a university. <mask> took a position as a public relations official at the Red Cross and United Way's offices in Canada in the 1960's. On April 29, 1961, <mask> married Hepner. <mask> was training with the Air Force when they met. As two strong willed individuals, there were many difficulties in maintaining their relationship, and after several separations in the late-1960s and early-1970s, <mask> and Hilda formally divorced on March 29, 1972 with adultery cited as the grounds for divorce. They got custody of their two children.Colleen Evelyn Hamilton, a single mother with two children working as an accounting clerk with Imperial Oil and as a bartender by night, was married to <mask> for three months after his divorce. They were married in Colleen's mother's basement and had a child together. <mask> was a radio and television personality in the 70's and 80's. He was the Senior Civic Affairs reporter. <mask> was a reporter who could see through

masks: Klein Klein Klein Klein Klein Klein Klein Klein Klein Klein Klein Klein Klein


title: Ralph Klein

texts: rhetoric and built a reputation for thorough reporting. <mask> was ostracized from the journalist community because of his reporting style. <mask> would still appear in the afternoon with a new story despite skipping morning assignment meetings.<mask> was a frequent patron of the St. Louis Hotel bar in the East Village of the City. Following the election of anti-establishment Mayor Rod Sykes, <mask>'s early civic affairs beat centered around him. The relationship between the Mayor and <mask> could be described as fleeting, as <mask> warned the Mayor of a cannabis bust involving the Mayor's 13-year old son, which <mask> believed would involve planting the drugs on the minor. <mask>'s reasons were somewhat selfish, as the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation story on a proposed convention centre benefiting from city sources would have been released before <mask>'s story on the topic. The invasion of privacy charges were thrown out of court because of the leak of the meeting recordings. <mask> reported on stories which emphasized the lower-class, outcasts and challenges faced by those who did not benefit from urban renewal after the 1973 oil crisis. Through his work, <mask> built strong relationships with the community and helped show a more accurate and generous image of the Chinatown area.<mask> produced compelling and vivid stories about biker gangs which were both open and critical about the organizations, all the while building strong relationships by both living and partying with the gangs. <mask> was hired by Thompson MacDonald to investigate the feelings of the Blackfoot people about the 100th anniversary of Treaty Seven. The news director was worried about <mask>'s behavior because he did not contact MacDonald for a long period of time. After being arrested for a bar fight with

masks: Klein Klein Klein Klein Klein Klein Klein Klein Klein Klein Klein Klein Klein Klein


title: Ralph Klein

texts: a government official, <mask> made contact from jail. <mask> was introduced to the indigenous religion by members of the Blackfoot, who provided him with a spiritual advisor. <mask>'s reporting resulted in a moving documentary about the gap between white intentions and aboriginal realities. <mask>'s documentary focused on the poverty and difficulty of life, and interviewed grocery store owners who sold huge quantities of vanilla extract to desperate alcoholics at inflated prices.<mask> only shared the elements outside of the documentary with close friends and family because he valued his time living with the Blackfoot people. <mask> was christened "White Writer" by the Siksika and called a friend. Mayor <mask> was dissatisfied with the direction of the city and the proposed civic centre. The proposed city centre required City Council to purchase properties in a five block area. His topics included his displeasure with the city's heavy-handed "block busting" and expropriation tactics, the polluted state of the Bow River, transportation planning and the Ctrain, weakness of open government and freedom of information, but always. <mask> was able to grab the attention of voters in the city through his articles. <mask> rushed over and filmed the event after he was told that a film crew and actor were digging through garbage in a downtown alleyway.An advertising agency admitted to producing an election television advertisement for Mayor Alger. Alger had previously noted his new "civic centre" would remove undesirable populations, and the report on the advertisement showed him as cynical and manipulative. Dreams, Schemes and Sandstone Dust brought the human element to the civic centre debate, interviewing the bar regulars, hotel tenants and small business owners who were set to be

masks: Klein Klein Klein Klein Klein Klein Klein Klein Klein


title: Ralph Klein

texts: bulldozed, creating a narrative that the areas historic but rundown buildings were worth preserving. The morning after the film crew incident, <mask> appeared at the news meeting and announced he would run for Mayor against Alger. <mask>'s campaign got off to a rocky start with little funds and little knowledge of how to organize volunteers. He hired two people to co-manage his campaign, but neither was very good at it. After convincing <mask> to run for Mayor, a group of 20 of his friends formed the "Klein Gang", which remained with him throughout his political career.His campaign began to take off after he opened his office in a small space donated by a local businessman. He first met Rod Love in this office. Love initially offered to work for Alger's campaign, but was not offered a position he was interested in. Despite being strained financially, the <mask> campaign continued to grow, raising a total of $22,000. In the week before the election, <mask>'s public position was thought to be neck and neck with Alger, and ahead of Petrasuk. Alger had accumulated $150,000 for the election, had strong support in the Chamber of Commerce, and a clean name. Petrasuk was a prominent lawyer with a large ethnic voter base.<mask> tried to get an endorsement from the former Mayor who still held sway amongst voters, but he declined as he had previously promised the other candidates he would not endorse any candidate, but agreed to an interview which he would say that <mask> stood a chance in the election. The final mayoral debate took place 36 hours before the polls opened, with Alger and Petrasuk battling over rising budgets while <mask> ignored the topics and spoke of accountability, open government and making Calgarians proud of the city. <mask>'s victory on October 15, 1980 came as a shock


title: Ralph Klein

texts: to many in the city including his own father who refused to believe the news, and shortly afterwards <mask> was installed as the 32nd Mayor of the city. <mask> was declared "The People's Mayor" by the Herald a day after the election. <mask> was re-elected twice. <mask> began his term as mayor with a significant infrastructure project. As the city prepared a bid for the 1988 Winter Olympics, the Flames were relocated to the city.A stadium was necessary for both purposes and City Council debated the merits of several locations for the city's new Olympic Coliseum and narrowed their choices to two areas in the Victoria Park neighbourhood on the east end of downtown. Two other sites, one on the west end of downtown, and a late bid by several businessmen pushing to build the arena in the northern suburb of Airdrie were also considered. If necessary, the Victoria Park Community Association will oppose the city's Olympic bid. On March 3, 1981 City Council voted to build a 20,000 seat arena on the grounds of the Stampede. The community continued to fight the city over the re-zoning of the land to allow for the new arena despite fears of traffic congestion in their neighbourhood which resulted in numerous costly delays to the start of construction. In July 1981 the provincial government was asked to take over the land designated for the arena in order to end the battle. Despite protests by community associations, the province supported the city and allowed construction to begin.Builders began construction of the arena on July 29, 1981. The XV Olympic Winter Games official report stated that the fact that this facility was already being built added credibility to the bid and proved to be a positive factor. The 1988 Winter Olympics were held in the first Canadian city to host the winter

masks: Klein Klein Klein Klein


title: Ralph Klein

texts: games. The Canadian Olympic Association proposed a bid that would spend three times as much as the other group. The city competed against other bids for the Olympics, including one from Sweden and another from Italy. The games were viewed as a success by <mask> and the city of calgary, but it was not without its issues. OCO'88 was forced to admit that up to 50 percent of seats to top events had gone to insiders after residents were promised that only 10 percent of tickets would go to "Olympic insiders".The organizing committee admitted that it had failed to properly communicate the obligations it had to supply IOC officials and sponsors with priority tickets. OCO'88's ticketing manager was charged with theft and fraud after he sent modified ticket request forms to Americans that asked them to pay in US funds rather than Canadian funds, and to return them to his company's post office box. <mask> mistook the King of Norway Olav V for his driver and asked him to get the car. After <mask> bummed a cigarette from him, Olav explained who he was as he pulled out his silver cigarette case. Light rail transit <mask> oversaw the development of the Ctrain, which began operation on May 25, 1981 shortly after <mask>'s first term began, and expanded as the city has increased in population. The system is part of the transportation department in the city. Political pressures led to the commission of the "Northeast Line", which runs from Whitehorn station to the downtown core, with a new downtown terminal station for both lines.The "Northwest Line", the extension of the South Line to the city's northwest, opened in time for the 1988 Winter Olympics. The National Energy Program was introduced in the October 1980 budget by the federal government in order to impose revenue-sharing burdens on oil and

masks: Klein Klein Klein Klein Klein


title: Ralph Klein

texts: gas revenues in the province. The city had an economic boom while he was mayor. This was not the same as the global recession of the 1980s. Many unskilled labourers came from all over the country to work in the city. <mask> gained national attention by blaming easterners for straining the city's social services and police. <mask> was a supporter of the Liberal Party.He supported Brian Mulroney in the federal election. <mask> was approached by the premier to join the Progressive Conservative Party. As the financial position of the province deteriorated with the drop in oil and gas prices, he saw the popular Calgary Mayor as a valuable candidate. <mask> demanded a Cabinet position in the government. Prime Minister Brian Mulroney offered <mask> a cabinet appointment in exchange for joining the federal Progressive Conservatives, but <mask>'s wife was against the move. In the 1989 general election, <mask> was elected as the Member of the Legislative Assembly for the riding of Calgary-Elbow. <mask> defeated Gilbert Clark and two others with over 50 per cent of the vote.He had to wait two months to be elected to the "safe" Progressive Conservative district of Stettler after losing his home seat in the election. The consolidation of environmental statutes was one of the accomplishments of <mask> as Minister of the Environment. <mask> had a positive reputation amongst industry and environmentalists. <mask> dealt with a number of controversial issues, including the Oldman River Dam. There was a general election in 1993 in which the support of the Progressive Conservatives was dropping. An $11-billion debt was caused by the average deficits of $2.6-billion per year that the government ran. With polls showing the Liberals ahead, he decided to retire from politics in 1992.The Liberals made

masks: Klein Klein Klein Klein Klein Klein Klein Klein Klein Klein Klein


title: Ralph Klein

texts: gains when they criticized the Progressive Conservatives' fiscal responsibility, the province's rapidly rising debt, and the government's involvement in the private sector. Prior to the 1992 convention, the leadership selection rules were changed to a one member, one vote system, which required at least one candidate to get a plurality of votes. Up to the close of the polls, party membership could be purchased. Nancy Betkowski, the Minister of Health, and seven other candidates competed against <mask>. <mask> made arguments similar to Liberal leader Decore's while campaigning for Progressive Conservative leadership. His government was declared "out of the business of business" after he favored a near-immediate balancing of the provincial budget and rapid debt repayment thereafter. Reporters, politicians and other candidates criticized <mask> for his off approach to governance and partying."We can't win this province back - we can't be the government - with a smoking, drinking, paving, glad-handing premier," said Minister of Culture Doug Main. <mask> came second in the first ballot with 16,362 votes, one behind Betkowski. <mask> received an overwhelming majority with 46,245 votes (60 per cent) compared to Betkowski's 31,722, and was elected leader of the Progressive Conservatives, and one week later was sworn in as the premier. Despite endorsements from the Progressive Conservative caucus for Betkowski, <mask>'s success at the leadership convention was a surprise to political observers. <mask>'s victory has been attributed to populist support from rural Albertans who purchased memberships between the first and second ballot. The 12th premier of the province was appointed on December 14, 1992. Seven months after <mask>'s appointment as premier, the new government began preparing for

masks: Klein Klein Klein Klein Klein Klein Klein Klein


title: Ralph Klein

texts: an election.Nancy Betkowski, John Oldring, Doug Main, and Rick Orman did not contest the 1993 election. During the 1993 campaign, <mask> highlighted the changes he had implemented during his short time as premier. Decore argued that the Progressive Conservative party had no moral authority on the issues that <mask> was campaigning on. The 1993 election was a success for <mask> even though his party lost eight seats. The Progressive Conservatives gained 0.2 per cent of the popular vote in 1989 and retained a majority government, with all but two seats in Calgary. Decore's Liberals formed opposition with 32 seats and 40 per cent of the popular vote, while Ray Martin's New Democrats lost 16 seats and were shut out of the Legislature. The 1993 election was <mask>'s least successful provincial election, with the 32 Liberals forming the largest opposition during <mask>'s 12 years as premier.<mask>'s 1997 election reached a plurality of voters with 51 per cent of the popular vote and 63 seats in the Legislature. In the 2001 election, <mask>'s government won 62 per cent of the popular vote and 74 of the 83 seats. Nancy MacBeth, the former leader of the Progressive Conservative, was defeated in the 2001 election. In 2004, <mask>'s final election as premier, the Progressive Conservative's support dropped and they lost 62 seats with 47 per cent of the popular vote. The world price of oil dropped from over US$35 per barrel to below $10. As a result of the crises of the 1970s and 1979 and high fuel prices, the economic activity in industrial countries slowed in the early 1980s. The world is in a surplus of oil, according to Time Magazine.By 1993, the debt of the province had reached C$23 billion. The early 1990s recession was largely mitigated by lower oil prices. The first financial challenge


title: Ralph Klein

texts: of <mask>'s premiership was the generous payments and "double-dipping" where former cabinet ministers were able to draw immediate pension payments while sitting as backbenchers. <mask> tried to diffuse the issue by amending the plan, but when that didn't satisfy the public, he eliminated the pension plan entirely and added to his credibility. <mask>'s long-term goals were balanced budgets and repayment of the debt. The basis of <mask>'s 1993 provincial election was the Financial Review Committee's 1993 report which promised to balance the provincial budget by 1997 without raising taxes. The Klein Revolution, also known as the "Alberta Advantage", was the core of the economic plan.The elimination of more than 4,000 public service positions through amalgamation or elimination of government agencies was the first priority. The privatization of liquor retailers and motor vehicle and property registration services resulted in the elimination of more than 1,700 government jobs. The 1994 budget required all departments to cut 20 per cent from their operating budgets and all public servants including Members of the Legislative Assembly, civil servants, teachers, nurses and university staff saw a 5 per cent pay cut and a two year salary freeze. The Klein government initiated the sale of the provincial Crown Corporations and investments, including the public telephone company, AGT, alcohol sales, and provincial ownership stakes in other business entities. By 1995 due to rising non-renewable resource revenue, corporate tax revenue and gambling taxes the Klein government had balanced the budget and eliminated the province's deficit two years ahead of schedule. In the years after 1995 oil and natural gas prices continued to rise, generating significant royalty revenue for the province. Klein's


title: Ralph Klein

texts: new challenge was to convince the public to invest in services that were recently cut.The Canadian Taxpayers Federation and other conservative thinktanks rebuked the administration for increasing government spending by 60 per cent between 1997 and 2001. <mask> wanted to create a streamlined and efficient government that relied on privatization and contracting. Ted Gaebler, co-author of Reinventing Government, was brought in by the Progressives to advise on the reforms. In 2004, <mask> announced that the province had set aside funds to repay its public debt. The inflation adjusted price of a barrel of crude oil on NYMEX was under $25 from the mid-1980s to September 2003 In the mid 1990's a rebound in the price of oil led to big provincial surpluses. The price of oil went up to $50 in 2004.A series of events led the price to exceed $60 by August 11, 2005, leading to a record-speed hike that reached $75 by the middle of 2006 David Taras argued that <mask> failed at public policy because he was popular. At the expense of hospitals, roads, light rail transit lines, and investing in better health-care services or education, he focused on paying down the fiscal debt during the oil boom. <mask> had the trust and popularity to do almost anything he wanted and survive, and his fiscal achievements early in his career were significant, but he failed at health reform and economic diversification. <mask> contemplated government oil royalty payments as the global price of oil increased. The "Prosperity Bonus" was announced in September 2005, and was given to every Albertan who filed a tax return. The program involved a one-time $400 payment from the Government of Alberta in the form of a mailed cheque to each resident of the province who were not in prison.Critics said the Prosperity Bonus


title: Ralph Klein

texts: program would be better spent on infrastructure, health or education. <mask> defended the payment, saying that it meant a lot to some people and that they could send it back or donate it to charity if they didn't want it. "I think we missed some great opportunities to invest in our post-secondary education systems; instead, we frittered away our money." People got a couple of dinners and put some gas in their Hummer. The <mask> government focused on health care and funding. The Regional Health Authorities Act was introduced by the <mask> government in 1994. The hospital boards were given the power to decide which hospitals would be closed.The General Hospital in calgary was demolished via implosion in 1998 and one other hospital in calgary was also closed. The number of acute care beds was halved in three years. The Health Care Protection Act was introduced by the <mask> government in 2000 and was met with protests at the Legislature. The bill allowed for-profit clinics to perform minor surgeries and keep patients overnight. <mask> was forced to back away from the reform he still supported because of the protests caused by the two sitting NDP MLAs. The Health Care Protection Act was not deemed to violate the Canada Health Act by the Federal Health Minister. The <mask> government continued to look for ways to save money in health care, and in early 2002 the Premier's Advisory Council on Health led by Don Mazankowski released its framework for reform report.More choice, more private involvement, more competition and accountability, less comprehensiveness, and increased user medicare co-payments were some of the recommendations fully accepted by the government. Observers expected the direction of the report to be more radical. The 2002 budget raised medicare premiums, tobacco and

masks: Klein Klein Klein Klein Klein Klein


title: Ralph Klein

texts: liquor taxes, eliminated dental and optical subsidies for senior citizens, and cut the corporate tax rate. The "third way" of health care would lie between the American system and the Canadian system. A series of provincial health care reforms could potentially violate the Canada Health Act. <mask>'s reforms would have allowed for-profit care, allowed patients to pay cash for some surgery, and allowed doctors to practice in both the public and private health systems. The third way was not legislated because of public outcry.<mask> threw the Liberal health care policy book at the seventeen-year-old page who had delivered the book during question period in the legislature. The booklet with the caption "Policy on the fly" was sold on eBay for a reported $1,400. He apologized for calling the Liberal leader a liar on the floor of the legislature, which is considered unparliamentary language. He apologized to the speaker. I will not use the word 'fib'. Most of the time, he doesn't tell the whole truth. <mask> stated "I'm no doctor, but I think that Mr. McG" after he commented on <mask>'s proposal to allow quicker access to surgery for those who pay for it.The city's boom peaked in 1981 with the average annual price of oil. The budget surplus was $4 billion in 2004. The surplus was used to eliminate the debt. The collapse of the oil industry was cited by industry as a result of the drops in oil prices. The recovery was hampered by low oil prices. The federal and provincial governments introduced major investment incentives for oil sands companies. The tax write-offs for oil sands firms were reformed.<mask> created a generic royalty that only required token payments in the first years of the megaprojects. This helped oil sands development. <mask> changed the royalty system in order to


title: Ralph Klein

texts: make oil companies pay only one per cent of their profits to the province. Once the recovery cost was reached, the royalty went up to 25 per cent. There was almost $4 billion in oil sands royalties in 2006 according to the Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers. <mask> and Dick Cheney met in June of 2003 to discuss the route of an Alaskan oil line. Cheney was an advocate of energy independence in the oil industry.One of the most common concerns at the end of <mask>'s term was that Albertans weren't getting enough money for their resources. The discovery of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) in May 2003 was a significant challenge for the agriculture industry. The cow was removed so that it wouldn't be fed to animals or humans. The head was sent to the United Kingdom to be tested for mad cow. The slaughter of 2,700 head of cattle was the result of an investigation by the Canadian Food Inspection Agency. The United States and Japan halted the export of Canadian beef immediately. In December of 2003 a case of BSE was discovered in a cow imported from Canada to a farm in Washington."I guess any self-respecting rancher would have shot, shovelled and shut up, but he didn't do that," <mask> said when he made a public statement. The U.S. border has stopped the export of Canadian beef cattle. Japan made it clear that it might rethink taking U.S. beef if it had Canadian beef mixed in with it. The United States lifted restrictions on Canadian beef imports in stages, starting with cattle under 30 months of age in late-2003, then meat products in 2004, and then greater trade reductions in July 2005. The final BSE related restrictions on Canada beef were lifted in 2019. The Minister of Environment approved the construction of the largest pulp mill in North America in December 1990. The

masks: Klein Klein Klein


title: Ralph Klein

texts: pulp mill was the first in a new generation constructed to meet higher environmental standards.<mask> called it a "sweetheart deal" that the province gave a loan of $264 million to the company. The loan was written off by <mask> against the advice of the Auditor General and the Provincial Treasurer when prices were low. During the announcement, <mask> flipped off an environmental activist who was protesting the government's approval. <mask> said that the protester made the offensive gesture first. The common law definition of marriage was found to violate section 15 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms by the Court of Appeal for Ontario. <mask> repeated a promise to use the Notwithstanding Clause in the Charter of Rights and Freedoms to veto any requirement that the province register same-sex marriages. The Marriage Amendment Act was passed by the Legislature of the province ofalberta in 2000 to define marriage exclusively as an opposite-sex union and attempt to insulate the decision by using the Notwithstanding Clause.<mask> called for a national referendum on the issue of same-sex marriage. The plan was quickly rejected by the government of Paul Martin. <mask> announced that his government would fight the distribution of same-sex marriage licences after the Parliament of Canada approved same-sex marriage in 2005. The marriages were officially acknowledged by the government on June 20, 2005, despite the fact that there was no legal way to oppose the federal act. <mask>'s government re-organized the sheriffs branch into its current state. The <mask> government used the precursor to the Sheriffs Branch for special provincial law enforcement duties. In 2006 the Sheriffs Branch was expanded rapidly to take on assignments that used to be handled by the Royal Canadian Mounted


title: Ralph Klein

texts: Police.The law enforcement response teams were created at this time. Environment <mask>'s social and environmental views were seen as callous by his opponents. <mask> was choosing appropriate priorities for limited government funding according to supporters. The Kyoto Accord was opposed to by <mask> because he felt it would hurt the economy of the province that was a major producer of oil and natural gas. A massive carbon-capture project was initiated by the previous government. Prior to the 2004 election, <mask> stated his intention to serve only one more term in office. Pressure mounted on <mask> to set a firm date and, following such a request from Elzinga, <mask> announced on March 14, 2006 that he would be stepping down on October 31, 2007.After a successor is chosen at the party's leadership election, he proposed that his resignation take effect in early 2008. The timetable was announced days before the review of <mask>'s leadership was to take place. His retirement schedule and his announcement that any cabinet minister who wanted to run for leader must resign by June 2006 caused a lot of controversy. When the leadership review ballot was held, only 55 per cent of the delegates supported <mask>. The 90 per cent level of support he had won at previous reviews was lower than <mask> said he needed in order to continue. It was described as a crushing blow to <mask>'s leadership. <mask> had said before the vote that he would resign if he did not win the leadership review.<mask> thanked delegates for their support and said he would take several days to make a decision. <mask> announced at a press conference on April 4, 2006 that he would submit a letter to the PC party in September asking for a leadership contest because of thelukewarm vote for his continued leadership. After a


title: Ralph Klein

texts: successor was named, <mask> would step down as party leader and premier and assist the new leader in their transition to premier. On September 20, 2006 <mask> officially handed in his resignation as party leader. The new PC Leader, Ed Stelmach, assumed office on December 14, 2006 and <mask> remained premier. On January 15, 2007, <mask> resigned from the legislature. On January 18, 2007, the law firm Borden Ladner Gervais announced that <mask>, who is not a lawyer, would join their firm as a senior business adviser who would bring "valuable insights to our clients as they look to do business in Canada and North America".In a July 9, 2007, interview on Business News Network, <mask> criticized Conservative PM StephenHarper and Federal Finance Minister Jim Flaherty for not keeping their word on Income Trust taxation. The change in tax rules cost investors $35 billion in market value. During the 2006 federal election, StephenHarper promised not to raid seniors' nest eggs. <mask> was made an Officer of the Order of the Legion of Honour by the Government of France. The creation was approved by the Government of Canada. On March 20, 2010, <mask> appeared on his own television game show called On the Clock. <mask> awards "Ralphbucks" to the contestants whose answers he found the best in a game show.The winner of the game is determined at the end of the game. <mask>, a lifetime smoker, died of COPD on December 15, 2010. Hal Walker commented that <mask> was not well. <mask> was reported to be suffering from Pick's disease on April 8, 2011. <mask> was hospitalized in September of 2011. He died in Canada. The Order of La Pléiade was given to the premier and speaker of the American region of the Assemblée parlementaire de la Francophonie.<mask> was made an Officer of the Legion of Honour by


title: Ralph Klein

texts: France in 2008. In 2002 he received the Queen Elizabeth II Golden Jubilee medal and in 2005 and 2012 he received the Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee medal. In late 2012 I was a member of the Order of Canada. In 1980, <mask> was made a Blackfoot Chief under the name "Oots-squi-peeks" meaning "Blue Bird", one of only two to be honoured as such. <mask> was prepared for provincial elections in sweat lodges, had an eagle feather in his briefcase, and hung sweetgrass braids in his office. It is the first park to be named after a former mayor. Before it enters the Bow River system, the Environmental Education Centre and man-made wetlands are needed.The inability for controversy or scandal to weaken his public perception was one of the reasons why he was known for public gaffes. <mask>'s exploits while under the influence of alcohol were well known and publicized. Prior to his successful campaign for leadership of the Progressive Conservative Association, <mask> was pressed by reporters and politicians on his drinking. There is a busy reputation for <mask>'s liver. <mask> said that he likes to party. I've told my colleagues that I enjoy a drink or two. I can change.I'm not saying I'm going to quit. <mask> preferred private card rooms, video lottery terminals and horse racing at casinos. <mask> had a borderline gambling addiction and had lost up to $7,000 in a single night. <mask> was patched over to the Hells Angels after he was photographed in a bar drinking with two members of the Grim Reapers Motorcycle Club. This photo was used against him by the Hells Angels after he objected to them patching over two motorcycle clubs. The December 1990 incident where <mask> was photographed giving the finger to a protester at a news conference was one of many run-ins with protesters. A youth

masks: Klein Klein Klein Klein Klein Klein Klein Klein Klein Klein


title: Ralph Klein

texts: court judge who had suggested he would not sit in order to protest proposed reductions to provincial court justice salaries was brought before the Supreme Court of Canada for raising concerns about judicial independence.The court said the comment was unfortunate. The public's opinion of <mask>'s alcohol consumption reached a boiling point in December 2001 when he visited a homeless shelter while drunk. <mask> argued with homeless men who were denied a bed because they had been drinking. <mask> told the men to get a job, which was rebuked by some of the men who said they couldn't afford housing. <mask> was shuffled out of the centre while he threw money at a homeless man. When rumors of the event began to pop-up amongst the media, <mask> was unable to remember the event, according to biographer Don Martin. <mask> called a press conference after the event and admitted he had an alcohol problem and promised to stop drinking.He said alcohol was an "awful beast" but did not say he had alcoholism. During his 2001 general election party, <mask> admitted to being intoxicated at many moments in his life, including when he introduced former US President Bill Clinton and at the public memorial for Ed Whalen. The Western Standard magazine came under fire for printing comments about <mask>'s wife. According to an unnamed source, Colleen <mask> will return to being just another Indian once she stops being the premier's wife. During a charity roast on November 9, 2006 <mask> made a lewd joke at the expense of former Conservative Member of Parliament. Peter MacKay is a member of the Conservative Party of Canada. <mask>'s spokesman pointed out that Ms. Stronach roasted the premier two years ago and made remarks about his weight, his clothing and even his flatulence.There are links to deaths from


title: Guaire Aidne mac Colmáin

texts: <mask> mac Colmin was a king. The son of king Colmn mac Cobthaig was a member of the Ui Fiachrach Aidhne. Guaire ruled at the height of Ui Fiachrach Aidne power. <mask> is thought to have succeeded his father as king of the Ui Fiachrach Aidhne in 622. He was defeated in the Battle of Carn Feradaig by the king of the province Falbe Flann mac edo Duib. The Ui Maine's Conall mac Mele Dib was killed. The reason for this campaign was to get the Thomond region back.The true expansion of the Déisi Tuisceart is thought to have been marked by this defeat. He believes that the defeat may have paved the way for the acquisition of the overlordship of Connacht. The Battle of Carn Conaill was the next event in the history of Guaire. He was put to flight by the king of Brega. The war was fought between Diarmait and the other side. Cumméne Fota, the Abbot of Clonfert, was sent by Guaire to ask for a truce, but Diarmait refused. Caimmn put a curse on Guaire before the battle.<mask> was able to turn his defeat into a moral victory when he outdid the high-king with his generosity to the poor. He received a peace treaty and friendship. The king of the U, Cn <mask>, was killed in the battle, according to the saga. The improbability of the U Liathain being involved in a conflict far from their territory is one of the reasons why this is not probable. The saga tradition is preserved in the Annals of Tigernach. The 8th century poem The Lament of Créide is a poem written about a young man of the Ui Fidgenti. Cumméne Fota of Clonfert, Caimmn of Inis Celtra, and Colmn <mask> of Kilmacduagh are some of the saints that Guaire has relations with.He was related to two 8th century abbots of the church at Tuam Gréine. The expansion of saints up the Shannon seems to

masks:
Guaire Aidne
Guaire
Guaire
mac Conaill
mac Duach


title: Guaire Aidne mac Colmáin

texts: have been patronised by him. Overlordship of the Corco Mruad and Corco Baiscind tribes, as well as actual holdings in the later territory of Dl gCais, must have been part of his influence. The exiled prince of Dalriada comes to live at the court of <mask>'s daughter and she falls in love with him. Creide was married to the king of the Ui Maine. The Heavy Company of Guaire was visited by the Chief Ollam of Ireland. The legacy of Guaire is listed after his brother, loingsech mac Colmin.He may have entered a religious life after his defeat at Carn Conaill. <mask> was over-king of Connacht until his death in 663. He was buried in Ireland. The U Briin became kings of Connacht after the Ui Fiachrach lost power. In the 700's, the Déisi Tuisceart would permanently annex to Munster in what is now County Clare. The children and descendants of Guaire were known as Cellach <mask>iri, Artgal mac Guairi, and Muirchertach Nr mac Guairi. The families of  Cléirigh, O'Shaughnessy, Colton, Mac Kilkelly, and others are descended from Guaire.Major-General William O'Shaughnessy is the main compiler of the Annals of the Four Masters. Margaret Heckler, born 1931, is a US Republican politician and the President of Canadian Pacific Railway. According to the Oxford Dictionary of Family Names in Britain and Ireland, the main family of this name is descended from Guaire of Aid. A comprehensive history of King <mask>y's and The Hynes of Ireland, both of which were published by Appin Press. The History of Ireland T.M.Charles-Edwards and Francis J. Byrne wrote about the Irish Annals. In riu 25 (1974), Sen wrote "The Structure of a Literary Cycle". Medieval Irish poets 663 deaths Kings of Connacht People from County Galway Year of birth unknown 7th-century Irish

masks:
Guaire
Guaire
mac Gua
Guaireughness


title: Lee Hsien Loong

texts: <mask> is a Singaporean politician and former brigadier-general who has served as Prime Minister of Singapore and secretary-general of the People's Action Party since 2004. He was the deputy prime minister between 1990 and 2004 and the finance minister between 2001 and 2007. <mask> is the son of Singapore's first prime minister, <mask>. He graduated from the University of Cambridge in 1974 with a bachelor's degree in mathematics and a degree in computer science. He received a Master of Public Administration from the Kennedy School of Government in 1980. He was promoted to the rank of brigadier-general after serving in the Singapore armed forces. He was elected as the Member of Parliament for Teck Ghee in 1984 and has represented Ang Mo Kio since 1991.Before becoming prime minister in 2004, <mask> served as a minister. His government extended maternity leave days and instituted a five-day work week in his first two years. His proposal to build two Integrated Resorts in Singapore to increase tourism revenue led to the development of the Marina Bay Sands and Resorts World Sentosa. He oversaw the country's economic recovery after the Great Recession. Political reforms in 2010 legalised online activism and increased the number of non-constituency members of parliament. The Goods and Services Tax is expected to be raised from 7% to 9% by the year 2025. The Protection from Online Falsehoods and Manipulation Act was introduced in 2019.<mask> promoted Heng Swee Keat to deputy prime minister. <mask>'s government has stayed neutral in an era of great power competition between China and the United States. Both the Chinese and Singaporean governments have cooperated on projects, with <mask>'s government backing China's Belt and Road Initiative as one of its largest investors.

masks:
Lee Hsien loong
Lee
Lee Kuan Yew
Lee
Lee
Lee
Lee


title: Lee Hsien Loong

texts: The United States and Singapore signed a strategic framework agreement in 2005 to cooperate on terrorist and cyber threats. <mask>'s government has had complex and fraught relations with Malaysia, particularly with regard to water supply and territorial claims, although the countries have agreed to work on cross-border projects. On February 10, 1952, <mask>sien loong was born at the KK Women's and Children's Hospital in Singapore, while Singapore was a British colony. His paternal grandmother was a Hakka and his mother was from China.According to <mask> Yew's biography, the younger <mask> had learned the Jawi script by age five, and has always been interested in the affairs of Singapore. <mask> went to National Junior College after graduating from Catholic High School, where he played clarinet in the school band. He received two scholarships in 1971 to study mathematics at the University of Cambridge. He graduated in 1974 with first-class honours in mathematics and a degree in computer science, which is equivalent to a master's degree in computer science. <mask> was described by his college tutor as the best mathematician he had ever studied. <mask> would have been a world-class research mathematician, but his father persuaded him to leave the field. He received a master's degree in public administration from Harvard University in 1980.From 1974 to 1984 <mask> was an officer in the military. He was the Chief of Staff of the General Staff and the Director of the Joint Operations and Plans in 1978 when he attended the United States Army Command and General Staff College. After his promotion to brigadier-general in July 1983, <mask> became the youngest brigadier-general in Singaporean history. He was in charge of the rescue operations after the cable car disaster.

masks:
Lee
Lee H
Lee Kuan
Lee
Lee
Lee
Lee
Lee
Lee


title: Lee Hsien Loong

texts: After leaving the Singapore Army in 1984 to pursue civilian politics, <mask> was the commanding officer of the 23rd Battalion Singapore Artillery. In the 1980s, <mask> was seen as the core member of the next group of new leaders in the People's Action Party, as <mask> Yew announced that he would step down as prime minister. After the 1984 general election, all of the old Central Executive Committee members resigned.<mask> was first elected Member of Parliament in 1984 at the age of 32. He became Minister of State in the Ministry of Trade and Industry. In 1985 <mask> chaired the government's economic committee, which recommended changes to established government policies to reduce business costs, foster longer-term growth and revive the Singapore economy, which was experiencing a recession at the time. Reductions in corporate and personal taxes were recommended by the committee. <mask> was the acting trade and industry minister. He became a full member of the Cabinet in 1987 as the minister for trade and industry. The question of encouraging younger Singaporeans to join the party was discussed by the first deputy prime minister.Material rewards should not be an incentive for the proposed committee, as it should only attract the right kinds of members. The youth wing was to encourage the improvement of the system from within and give new members a stake in the country's future. <mask> said the establishment of the youth wing reflected concerns by the leadership that the lack of an official channel to engage with the younger generation might lead them to vote for opposition parties and potentially bring the PAP government down. Dissenting opinions were allowed to be heard through the youth wing. <mask> was the first chairman of the PAP Youth Committee. On November 28,

masks:
Lee
Lee
Lee Kuan
Lee
Lee
Lee
Lee
Lee