title: Clement Attlee

texts: to world peace. The next day, Attlee said that Hitler's speech gave them a chance to call a halt to the armaments race. We are in an age of rearmaments, but we can't accept that position. Despite Baldwin's threat to step down if Edward tried to remain on the throne, Labour were widely accepted not to be a viable alternative government due to the National.On November 24, 1936, Attlee and Sinclair agreed with Baldwin and Sinclair that Edward could not remain on the throne and that Baldwin should resign. In April 1936, the Chancellor of the Exchequer introduced a Budget which increased the amount spent on the armed forces. In June 1936, the Conservative MP Duff Cooper called for an Anglo-French alliance against possible German aggression and called for all parties to support one. "Any suggestion of an alliance of this kind, in which one country is bound to another, right or wrong, by some overwhelming necessity, is contrary to the spirit of the League of Nations," said Attlee. There can be no question of the Labour Party supporting the Government's rearmament policy. The policy lost credibility due to the ineffectiveness of the League of Nations and the rising threat from Nazi Germany. By 1937, Labour supported rearmament and opposed the policy of appeasement.<mask> and a group of Labour MPs went to Spain at the end of 1937 to visit the British battalion fighting in the Spanish Civil War. The Major Attlee Company was named after him. In the House of Commons, Attlee stated that he couldn't understand the idea that Franco would become independent if he won with Italian and German aid. I don't think it's a good idea. Franco would ally with Germany and Italy according to the spokesman for the Labour Party. Franco's


title: Clement Attlee

type: paraphrased

texts: able to carry Labour with him. On 10 May 1940, Labour and the Conservatives formed a coalition government with <mask> joining the Cabinet as Lord Privy Seal. Labour should have more than one third of the posts in the coalition government, after <mask> and Churchill agreed that the War Cabinet would consist of three Conservatives and two Labour members.During a series of War Cabinet debates over whether or not to negotiate peace terms with Hitler following the Fall of France in May 1940, Attlee and Greenwood supported Churchill and gave him the majority he needed in the War Cabinet to continue Britain's resistance. The Government of National Unity was formed in May 1940, but only Attlee and Churchill remained in the War Cabinet. Before becoming Britain's first ever deputy prime minister in 1942, Attlee was initially the Lord Privy Seal. Attlee worked behind the scenes and in committees to make sure the smooth operation of the government during the war. Three committees ran the country in the coalition government. The first two, the War Cabinet and the Defence Committee, with Attlee deputising for him, and answering for the government in Parliament, were chaired by Churchill. The Lord President's Committee was chaired by Attlee and was responsible for overseeing domestic affairs.Both men were suited by this arrangement as they were most concerned with overseeing the war effort. The arrangements were largely created by Attlee himself, and he was responsible for streamlining the machinery of government and abolishing many committees. He smoothed over tensions between Labour and Conservative Ministers in the government. He looked and spoke like an insignificant elderly clerk, without distinction in the voice,

masks: Attlee Attlee


title: Clement Attlee

texts: majority. During the campaign, he made some costly errors. His suggestion that a future Labour Government would need some form of a gestapo to implement their policies was seen as being in bad taste and backfired. The results of the election came as a surprise to most, including Attlee. The Conservatives got 36 per cent of the vote, but Labour won 47.7% of the vote. They had a working majority of 146 in the House of Commons.The Labour Party won a majority in Parliament for the first time. When Attlee went to see King George VI at Buckingham Palace to be appointed Prime Minister, the notoriously laconic Attlee and the famously tongue-tied King stood in silence; Attlee finally volunteered the remark, "I've won the election". The King said he knew. I heard it on the news. As Prime Minister, Attlee appointed Hugh Dalton as Chancellor of the Exchequer, Ernest Bevin as Foreign Secretary, and Herbert Morrison as deputy prime minister, with responsibility for nationalisation. Ellen Wilkinson, the only woman to serve in Attlee's cabinet, was appointed Minister of Education. The Attlee government was a radical one.Between 1945 and 1948, over 200 public Acts of Parliament were passed, with eight major pieces of legislation placed on the statute book. Francis argues that there was consensus in the Labour's national executive committee and at party conferences on a definition of socialism that emphasized moral improvement as well as material improvement. The <mask> government was committed to rebuilding British society as an ethical commonwealth, using public ownership and controls to abolish extremes of wealth and poverty. The Conservative Party's defence of individualism, inherited privileges, and income inequality


title: Clement Attlee

texts: contrasted sharply with Labour's ideology. <mask>e replied to a letter from James Murray and ten other MPs who were concerned about the arrival of West Indians. The prime minister wasn't focused on economic policy and let others handle the issues. The British Medical Association objected to the creation of the National Health Service by Health Attlee's Health Minister.This publicly funded healthcare system offered treatment for free at the point of use. In its first year of operation, the National Health Service treated 8 and a half million dental patients and gave away more than 5 million pairs of glasses. The government set about implementing the plans of William Beveridge for a welfare state. It created a new system of social security. The National Insurance Act of 1946, which required people in work to pay a flat rate of national insurance, was one of the most important pieces of legislation. They were eligible for a wide range of benefits, including pensions, sickness benefit, unemployment benefit, and funeral benefit. Child benefit and support for people with no other source of income are some pieces of legislation.Unemployment, sickness and maternity benefits were not taxed in 1949. The Town and Country Planning Act 1947 instructed county councils to prepare development plans and also provided compulsory purchase powers, while the Housing The New Towns Act 1946 set up development corporations to construct new towns. The power of local authorities to take houses and parts of houses was extended by the Attlee government. Grants of 75 per cent in the Highlands and Islands were provided by the Housing (Scotland) Act 1949. In 1949, local authorities were given the power to provide public housing for people


title: Clement Attlee

texts: of trained teachers.Increased Treasury funds were made available to upgrade school buildings that have been neglected. Between 1945 and 1950, 928 new primary schools were constructed. The provision of free school meals was increased. State scholarships to universities were increased, and the government adopted a policy of increasing university scholarships to a level sufficient to cover fees and maintenance. Many thousands of ex-servicemen were assisted to go through college. For the first time, all school children received free milk. The number of nursery schools was increased.Funds were allocated to improve existing schools. The Arts Council of Great Britain was established in 1947. Teenagers between the ages of 15 and 18 who are not in full-time education can receive part-time instruction at free County Colleges. An extra 25,000 teachers were trained through the Emergency Training Scheme. In 1947, Regional Advisory Councils were set up to bring together industry and education to find out the needs of young workers and advise on the provision required, and to secure a reasonable economy of provision. There were 13 Area Training Organisations set up in England and one in Wales. Many socialists were disappointed that the comprehensive education was not introduced by Attlee's government.The reform was carried out by Harold Wilson's government. The <mask> government increased spending on education by over 50 per cent. The economy was the most significant problem facing Attlee and his ministers. The war cost Britain a quarter of her wealth. Up to now, overseas investments have been used to pay for the war. Continuous and severe problems with the balance of trade were caused by the transition to a peacetime


title: Clement Attlee

texts: 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266The Attlee government's housing policies resulted in millions of people being rehoused. Between August 1945 and December 1951, over one million new homes were built in England, Scotland, and Wales. The economy had improved when the Attlee government was voted out of office. The period from 1946 to 1951 saw continuous full employment and steadily rising living standards. By 1951, the UK had the best economic performance in Europe, while output per person was increasing faster than in the United States. Careful planning after 1945 ensured that demobilisation was carried out without having a negative impact on the economic recovery. From 1945 to 1951, the number of motor cars on the roads rose from 3 million to 5 million, and seaside holidays were taken by more people than ever before.The Monopolies and Restrictive Practices (Inquiry and Control) Act was passed in 1948. An extremely cold winter in 1947 caused coal mines to freeze and cease production, causing widespread power cuts and food shortages. Emanuel Shinwell resigned from his post as Minister of Fuel and Power after being blamed for failing to ensure adequate coal stocks. The Conservatives used the slogan "starve with Strachey and shiver with Shinwell" in reference to the Minister of Food. There was a plan to replace <mask> as Prime Minister with Ernest Bevin. Stafford tried to convince Attlee to stand aside


title: Clement Attlee

texts: Korean War. After Stalin took control of most of Eastern Europe and began to subvert other governments in the Balkans, Attlee's and Bevin's worst fears of Soviet intentions were realised. The creation of the NATO defence alliance was made possible by the Attlee government. The American Marshall Plan for the economic recovery of Europe was promoted by Attlee's Cabinet. He said it was one of the most bold, enlightened and good-natured acts in the history of nations.A group of Labour MPs, under the banner of " Keep Left", urged the government to steer a middle way between the two emerging superpowers, and advocated the creation of a "third force" of European powers to stand between the US and USSR. Policy towards supporting the US was steered by worsening relations between Britain and the USSR. Fear of Soviet and American nuclear intentions led to a secret meeting of the Cabinet, where the decision was made to press ahead with the development of Britain's independent nuclear deterrent, an issue which caused a split in the Labour Party. One year after Attlee left office, Britain's first successful nuclear test occurred. Special legislation was passed by the <mask> government to end the London dock strike, which was led by Communists. The British Communist Party's support of Soviet expansionism was seen by Attlee as a genuine threat to national security and the docks were vulnerable to sabotage. He said that the strike was caused by communist unions in Canada who were on strike.According to Attlee, he faced a very present menace. Attlee gave the issue a lot of attention and was the leader in beginning the process of decolonisation of the British Empire. In August 1948, the Chinese Communists' victories caused


title: Clement Attlee

texts: Attlee to begin preparing for a Communist takeover of China. British citizens were not allowed to assist in the defence of Shanghai in Communist-controlled areas. The government concluded by December that British traders would benefit from a stable, industrialising Communist China. Although the Chinese Communists promised to not interfere with its rule, Britain reinforced the Hong Kong Garrison during 1949. Britain became the first western country to formally recognise the People's Republic of China in January 1950, after the Chinese Communists government exchanged diplomats with any country that ended relations with the Chinese Nationalists.Attlee was part of a Labour Party delegation that went to China in 1954. The first high-ranking western politician to meet Mao was Attlee. India and Pakistan gained independence in 1947. The Simon Commission was a member of the Indian Statutory Commission. By 1934, he was committed to giving India the same independent dominion status that Canada, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa had recently been given. He faced strong resistance from the die-hard Conservative imperialists, who opposed both independence and efforts led by Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin to set up a system of limited local control by Indians themselves. The Congress movement led by Mahatma Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru, and the Pakistan movement led by Muhammad Ali Jinnah were sympathetic to the Labour leadership.<mask> was in charge of Indian affairs during the Second World War. The Cripps Mission was set up in 1942 to bring the warring groups together. When the Congress called for passive resistance in the "Quit India" movement of 1942–1945, it was Attlee who ordered the arrest and internment of


title: Clement Attlee

texts: attributed to the effects of post-war austerity denting Labour's appeal to middle-class voters. With a small majority, Attlee's second term was much tamer than his first.Major reforms relating to industry in urban areas and regulations to limit air and water pollution were passed. The <mask> government was exhausted, with several of its most senior ministers ailing or aging, and with a lack of new ideas. In April 1951 there was a damaging split in the Labour Party over an austerity Budget brought in by the Chancellor to pay for Britain's participation in the Korean War. Harold Wilson, then the President of the Board of Trade, was one of several senior ministers who joined in the protest against the new charges in the National Health Service. There is a battle going on between the left and right wings of the Party. In order to get a more workable majority and regain authority, Attlee had to call a snap election in October 1951. Despite winning the largest Labour vote in electoral history, Labour narrowly lost to the Conservative Party.After six years and three months in office, <mask> resigned as Prime Minister. After the defeat in 1951, Attlee continued to lead the party as leader of the opposition. One of the Labour Party's weaker periods was his last four years as leader. The period was dominated by infighting between the Labour Party's right and left wings. After the 1951 election, many Labour MPs felt that a younger man should have been allowed to lead the party. He was told to stand down in the summer of 1954. One of Attlee's main reasons for staying on as leader was to frustrate the leadership ambitions of Herbert Morrison, whom Attlee disliked for both political and personal reasons.After Aneurin


title: Clement Attlee

texts: Bevan almost split the party, Attlee changed his mind and favored him to succeed him as leader. In an interview with the News Chronicle columnist in mid-September 1955, Attlee made clear his own thinking together with his preference for the leadership succession. Hugh Gaitskell was elected as the new leader of the Labour Party on December 14, 1955, after he retired as Leader of the Labour Party on December 7, 1955. <mask> and Viscount Prestwood were elevated to the peerage after he retired from the House of Commons. He believed that he had been forced into taking a strong stand on the crisis by his backbenchers. He was one of the founding members of the Homosexual Law Reform Society. Nine years later, Parliament voted for the decriminalisation of homosexual acts in private by consenting adults, a reform that was championed by the society.He went to Washington, D.C. to meet Kennedy. In 1962, he spoke against the British government's application for the UK to join the European Economic Community. In his second speech delivered in November, Attlee claimed that Britain had a separate parliamentary tradition from Continental European countries. He claimed that EEC rules would prevent the British government from planning the economy and that Britain's traditional policy had been outward looking rather than Continental. He attended the funeral of the leader of the free world. He was elderly and frail by that time, and had to remain seated in the cold as the coffin was carried, having tired himself out by standing at the rehearsal the previous day. He lived to see the Labour Party return to power under Harold Wilson in 1964, but also to see his old constituency of Walthamstow West fall to the Conservatives in a


title: Clement Attlee

texts: by-election.Death Attlee died peacefully in his sleep of pneumonia at the age of 84. The Duke of Kent and the Prime Minister Harold Wilson attended his funeral. His ashes were buried at the abbey. His son Martin Richard Attlee was the 2nd Earl Attlee. John Richard Attlee is the grandson of <mask>e. The third earl is a member of the Conservative Party and is one of the hereditary peers. The value of Attlee's estate was equivalent to the value of his father's estate when he died in 1908.The quote about Attlee, "A modest man, but then he has so much to be modest about", is often attributed to Churchill, though he denied saying it and respected Attlee's service in the War cabinet. The modesty and quiet manner of Attlee hid a lot. There were few who thought he was a starter and many who thought they were smarter. The Earl and a Knight of the Garter ended PM, CH and OM. Anthony Howard called him the greatest Prime Minister of the 20th century. His leadership style of consensual government, acting as a chairman rather than a president, won him praise from historians and politicians alike. Margaret Thatcher was not really running a team according to Christopher Soames, the British Ambassador to France.Bad results are usually caused by a Prime Minister who wants to make all the decisions. Attlee did not. That's why he was so good. Thatcher wrote in her 1995 memoirs that she was an admirer of <mask>e. He was a good man. He was all substance and no show, which was quite contrary to the general tendency of politicians in the 1990s. Problems of demobilisation, shortages of foreign currency, and adverse deficits in trade balances and government expenditure were tackled by Attlee's government.The post-war Welfare State and

masks:
Clement Attle
Clement Attle


title: Clement Attlee

texts: the creation of the National Health Service were some of the domestic policies that he brought about. The UK was transformed into a more prosperous and egalitarian society during Attlee's time in office with reductions in poverty and a rise in the general economic security of the population. He helped with the economic recovery of Europe. He was an ally of the US at the start of the Cold War. Ernest Bevin was the one who masterminded foreign policy because of his style of leadership. In 1947, <mask>'s government decided that Britain should have an independent nuclear weapons programme. The Foreign Secretary of Attlee, Bevin, once stated that "We have to have nuclear weapons and a bloody Union Jack on them".One year after Attlee left office, the first operational British nuclear bomb exploded. The US McMahon Act made it impossible for the US to communicate nuclear technology to allied countries during the war. British atomic bomb research was kept a secret from some members of Attlee's own cabinet. Despite being a socialist, Attlee still believed in the British Empire. He believed it to be a power for good in the world. He realized that a lot of it needed to be self-governing. He continued the transformation of the empire into a modern-day British Commonwealth using the examples of Canada, Australia, and New Zealand.The establishment of a political and economic consensus about the governance of Britain that all three major parties subscribed to for three decades was his greatest achievement. In 2004, he was voted the most successful British Prime Minister of the 20th century by a poll of 139 academics. The plaque commemorates Attlee at 17 Monkhams Avenue in Woodford Green. In 1947, Attlee was elected a Fellow


title: Clement Attlee

texts: of the Royal Society. On December 15, 1948, Attlee received a fellowship from Queen Mary College. Harold Wilson, the next Labour Prime Minister after Attlee, unveiled a statue of <mask> outside Limehouse Library on November 30, 1988. Wilson, who was the last surviving member of Attlee's cabinet, died of Alzheimer's disease in May 1995 at the age of 80.The statue was vandalised after Limehouse Library closed. After four years, the council removed it for repair and recasting. Peter Mandelson unveiled the restored statue at the Queen Mary University of London's Mile End campus in April 2011. A statue of <mask>e was erected in the Houses of Parliament, instead of a bust, by a parliamentary vote in 1979. Ivor Roberts-Jones was the sculptor. One of Attlee's brothers became a clergyman and one of his sisters became a missionary, but he is usually regarded as an unbeliever. He said in an interview that he was incapable of religious feeling and that he believed in the ethics of Christianity but not the mumbo-jumbo.Attlee replied "I don't know" when asked if he was a believer. The book A Prime Minister Remembers was written by Francis Williams. The Social Worker was one of Attlee's publications. The revised and expanded edition of "Clem Attlee: Labour's Great Reformer" was published in 2015. <mask>e: The Man Who Made Modern Britain was published in New York. The U.S. edition was published in savesay savesay savesay savesay savesay savesay savesay savesay savesay savesay savesay savesay savesay savesay savesay savesay savesay savesay savesay savesay savesay savesay savesay savesay savesay savesay savesay savesay savesay savesay savesay savesay savesay savesay savesay savesay savesay savesay savesay savesay savesay

masks:
Clement Attlee
Clement Attle
Clement Attle


title: Clement Attlee

texts: savesay savesay savesay savesay savesay savesay savesay savesay Burridge.Cohen, David wrote <mask>e: A Political Biography. The Unlikely Allies who Won the War is popular. Robert Crowcroft. The Making of a Labour Leader is part of Attlee's War. Harris, Kenneth. Attlee was a biography. David Howell.Jago, Michael. The Inevitable Prime Minister was written by <mask>e. The 206pp Thomas-Symonds was written by Attlee. Attlee: A Life in Politics is a book. "Attlee, <mask>, first Earl Attlee (1883–1967)" was published in the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. ed. There is a Dictionary of Labour Biography.Morgan, Kenneth O. Labour people: leaders and lieutenants, was published in 1987. There are scholarly studies by Paul. Detailed coverage of nationalisation, welfare state and planning can be found in the excerpt and text search of No Turning Back: The Peaceful Revolutions of Post-War Britain. Crowcroft, Robert, and Theakston are related. The fall of the Attlee Government. It was written by Timothy Heppell and Kevin Theakston. How Labour Governments Fall is a book byPalgrave Macmillan UK.PP 61–2. Francis, Martin. Building a new Britain: ideas and policies under Labour was published in 1997. <mask> was the leader of the Parliamentary Labour Party in 1935. The Historical Journal 13#2 was published in 1970. Jackson, Ben. "Citizen and Subject: <mask>'s Socialism."The History Workshop Journal was published. There is a new edition of Vol. pp 292–198 Online. Kevin Jeffreys. The Attlee Years were from 1935 to 1955. There is a party called the Labour Party.The UK, 2000 The score was 68–86. David Kynaston. Austerity Britain from 1945 to 1951. Mioni is the name of the person. Welfare state reforms in post-war Italian

masks:
Clement Attle
Clement Attle
Clement Richard
CR Attlee
Clement Attlee


title: Clement Attlee

texts: Socialism were between universalism and class policies. The Labor History 57#2 was published in 2016Morgan, Kenneth O. Labour in Power was published in 1984. R. Ovendale. The foreign policy of the British Labour governments was published in 1984. Speak for Britain! A New History of the Labour Party excerpt and text search is available. Labour in crisis: <mask>tlee and the Labour Party in opposition. Democratic Socialism and Economic Policy: The Attlee Years was written by Peter Weiler.The foreign policy of the Labour governments during the cold war. The Journal of British Studies was published in 1987. More about <mask>e can be found on the Downing Street website. The Alsos Digital Library for Nuclear Issues has an annotated bibliography for <mask>. Players Foreign Office personnel of World War II Knights of the Garter Labour Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies Labour Party (UK) hereditary peers Labour Party prime ministers of the United

masks:
Clement At
Clement Attle
Clement Ate


title: Joyce Grenfell

texts: She was an English woman who was an actress, singer and writer. She was known for the songs and monologues she wrote and performed. She had roles in many films, but never appeared as a stage actress. She broadcasted on radio and television. She was the first radio critic for The Observer and published a volume of memoirs. When she was invited to perform in a West End show in 1939 she abandoned her hopes of becoming an actress. Between 1940 and 1969 she was an entertainer, giving her creations in theatres in five continents.One of five daughters of Chiswell Langhorne, an American railway millionaire, and of the architect Paul Phipps, Grenfell was born in London. The success of the Phipps family allowed them to join the gentry of their native area. In the early years of her marriage, Nancy Astor lived in a cottage on the estate, a mile from the main house, as one of her maternal aunts. <mask> was raised in an upper middle-class London household. Virginia Graham was one of her friends and she wrote a biography of him in the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. The Francis Holland School was in central London. She left the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art in London after a single term after finding the craft of acting less glamorous than she had thought.She thought that this was the end of her dreams of becoming an actress. She was presented as a débutante at Buckingham Palace. She had met a lieutenant colonel in the King's Royal Rifle Corps in 1927. They were married two years later at St Margaret's and remained together until her death nearly 50 years later. <mask> looked after his wife's financial and business affairs, and INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals

masks:
Joyce
Reggie Grenfell


title: Joyce Grenfell

texts: Junior Miss after three days of rehearsals because she couldn't act sideways and she couldn't look straight at the audience. In the later years of the war, Addinsell would accompany her at the piano. Basil Dean invited the two to tour troop camps and hospitals in North Africa, the Middle East and elsewhere in 1943. Addinsell's health was too fragile to allow him to accept, which led to the recruitment of Viola Tunnard, a close colleague of Benjamin Britten.They performed in Algeria, Sicily, Italy, Iran, Iraq, India, and Egypt. She performed the monologue "Travelling Broadens the Mind" in Nol Coward's first post-war show, "Sigh No More". Coward was a family friend. After a few years, he came to understand her professionalism, her skill as a performer, and the quality of her monologues, even if she shouldn't write lyrics. In addition to her own two numbers, she sang Coward's comic catalogue of domestic disasters "That is the End of the News", "disguised as a schoolgirl with pigtails, all my make-up off, a shiny face and a terrible grin." After the 1947 revue Tuppence Coloured, she developed new sketches including the first of her six Nursery School monologues, with the harassed teacher's recurring cry to one of her unseen charges, "George, don't do that." British troops in North Africa were entertained by another tour by Tunnard and Grenfell.<mask> Requests the Pleasure was her first solo show in the West End. After two provincial tours and a year in London she took the show to Broadway, where it had a sell-out eight-week run. There was a pit band for the show. In later shows, the format was simplified even more, with dancers and band replaced by Blezard at the piano. In the 1950s and 1960s, she appeared in a number of films, including Miss Gossage in The Happiest Days of


title: Joyce Grenfell

texts: Your Life, Police Sergeant Ruby Gates in the St Trinian's series, and Mrs Barham in The Yellow Rolls Royce. From 1960 to 1962, she was president of the Society of Women Broadcasters and Writers and a member of the influential Pilkington Committee on Broadcasting. There were a number of solo shows in London and on tour.Between 1957 and 1970 she gave her show to Australia, Canada, Hong Kong, New Zealand, Singapore, Switzerland and the United States. She performed at Windsor Castle for the Queen's Waterloo Dinner in 1973. <mask> was diagnosed with cancer after he was taken ill with an eye condition. She was averse to doctors and hospitals because she was a Christian Scientist. She was forced to undergo treatment because her husband did not share her beliefs. The eye was removed and replaced with a glass one. After this, he did not return to the stage, but did give talks for charities and appeared on the television show Face the Music.She died a month after she became seriously ill, just before her golden wedding anniversary. Her ashes were scattered at the Golders Green Crematorium. A memorial service was held in 1980. She was made an Officer of the Order of the British Empire for her war work. After her death, it was confirmed that she would have been made a Dame Commander. In 1998, the Royal Mail memorialised Grenfell with her image on a postage stamp as part of a series of stamps celebrating five comedians. <mask> died in London in 1993 at the age of 89.<mask>'s biography was published in 2002. The one-woman show Re: Joyce!, which Lipman co-wrote, has toured many times. She recreates some of the best-known sketches. Lipman presented a radio programme that was compiled from <mask>'s writings. The 1997 collection of <mask>'s letters to her mother was edited by

masks:
Grenfell
Reggie Grenfell
Joyce Grenfell
Grenfell
Grenfell


title: Frank Hamilton (musician)

texts: <mask> is an American folk musician and collector of folk songs. The Old Town School of Folk Music was founded by him. Folkways Records is one of the labels he has recorded for. He appeared at the first Newport Folk Festival in 1959 as a member of the folk group The Weavers. He was the house musician at Chicago's Gate of Horn, the nation's first folk music nightclub. After many years of teaching, playing, and singing in California, he married a third time, and with his wife relocated to Atlanta, where he performs on banjo, guitar, ukulele, voice, and other instruments and co-founded the Frank Hamilton School. <mask> was an only child.<mask> <mask> died before his son's birth, he was a California socialist philosopher, genius street-corner orator, and mentor to Jack London. Phil Street was a good friend of <mask>'s father and encouraged his stepson's writing. <mask> never saw Street again after the marriage ended. <mask>, also known as Strawn-<mask>, first heard classical music when he was a child. His mother, who changed her name from Gladys Antoinette to Judith after seeing the actress Judith Anderson perform, supplemented her income as a dance accompanist. <mask> became interested in the labor movement as a teenager, playing jazz trombone with Local 47 at Club 47 and also with the Los Angeles City College jazz band. He was studying jazz guitar with Sam Surace.He was interested in the music of the American South and spent much of the late 1940s and early 1950s traveling

masks:
Frank Hamilton
Hamilton
Frank Strawn
Hamilton
Hamilton
Frank
Hamilton
Hamilton
Hamilton


title: Frank Hamilton (musician)

texts: there, performing in bars and on street corners. He came back to Los Angeles in 1953 and formed The Dusty Road Boys with Jack and Guy. At Will Geer's artist colony. He studied the teaching methods of Bess Lomax Hawes, who he played with. At the Gate of Horn folksong nightclub in Oak Park, Illinois, <mask> met Win Stracke, who was interested in his teaching career. In Dawn Greening's dining room in Oak Park, <mask> began teaching a group of 15 musicians. The Old Town School of Folk Music was founded in 1957 by <mask>, Stracke and Greening.<mask> was an unofficial dean and taught guitar and banjo. Several hundred prospective students, performers, and educators attended the first session, and famous singers and folklorists began performing during the Second Half. Pete Seeger, Odetta, Studs Terkel, Doc Watson, Mahalia Jackson, Bill Monroe, the Weavers, and Jean Ritchie were among them. The Second Half is important to the Old Town School method because both teachers and students sing and play together at their own level, and especially talented men and women are invited to perform. The School continues to promote the progressive ideals which are hallmarks of <mask>'s teaching. After living in California for decades, <mask> married Mary Susan Smith in 1985 and they had a son, Evan. Mary and <mask> moved to Atlanta from Delta Airlines.She taught guitar while accompanying him on guitar, banjo, ukulele, and autoharp. Mary's death led to the founding of the Frank Hamilton Folk

masks: Hamilton Hamilton Hamilton Hamilton Hamilton Hamilton Hamilton


title: Frank Hamilton (musician)

texts: School. A friend of <mask>'s, Bob Bakert, volunteered to be the master of ceremonies for the memorial concert. Having heard of <mask>'s interest in starting a second folk music school in Atlanta, Bakert suggested helping him achieve that goal; <mask> responded positively. They co-founded the Frank Hamilton School in Atlanta in the fall of 2015, but the school outgrew its first location in Chicago. The Executive Director of the School at Oakhurst Baptist Church was a woman. The school now meets in eight-week sessions under the leadership of <mask> and Maura Hill Nicholson.<mask> and Nicholson teach a lot of classes, including advanced guitar, ukulele, swing, and music theory. "Folk Festival at Newport" Vol 3, VDS 2054 stereo, and "<mask> Sings Folk Songs" Folkways Records. "Folk Festival at Newport" Vol. 1 was accompanied by Martha Schlamme. Stereo Sound Records SA-2 "Hearty and Hellish" is accompanying Clancy Brothers and Tommy Makem. Folkways Records released <mask>a, <mask> and Valucha deCastro.The song "I Feel It" is on the Hot 100. Guitar instructor and teacher of folk music at the University of California, Santa Barbara. The instructor of the Jazz Guitar workshop was from 1976 to 1978. Westwood Musical Instruments in West Los Angeles had a music instructor who taught music theory, sight-reading, ear-training, guitar and related stringed instruments. The Old Town School of Folk Music in Chicago was founded in 1957 by Vice President, co-founder and director of

masks:
Frank
Frank
Hamilton
Hamilton
Frank
Frank Hamilton
Frank Hamiltonuch
Frank Hamilton


title: S. R. Nathan

texts: S. R<mask> was a Singaporean politician who served as the sixth President of Singapore between 1999 and 2011. <mask> is Singapore's longest-serving president, having been elected in both 1999 and 2005. <mask> became Singapore's longest-serving president in 2009. He decided not to run for re-election on July 2, 2011. <mask> was taken to Singapore General Hospital's Intensive Care Unit after he suffered a stroke. He died in the hospital. <mask> was born in Singapore on July 3, 1924.He was raised in a house overlooking the sea in Muar, Johor, with his parents and two brothers. Three of <mask>'s older brothers died in childhood. His father had been posted to the Malayan town as a lawyer's clerk for a firm that serviced rubber plantations, but the Great Depression and rubber slump of the 1930s sent the family's fortunes crashing. <mask>'s father committed suicide when <mask> was eight. <mask> received his primary and secondary education in Singapore. He ran away from home at the age of 16 after a fight with his mother. <mask> worked as a translator for the Japanese civilian police during the Japanese occupation of Singapore.He became the secretary of the University Socialist Club in his second year of university after completing his secondary education through a correspondence course with Oxford. He graduated with a social studies degree. He received a degree from the University of Malaya in Singapore. He joined the Singapore Civil Service in 1955. Between 1962 and 1966 he worked in the Ministry of Home Affairs and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. He was with the Security and Intelligence Division of the Defence Ministry when the Laju incident happened in 1974 and was among the government officers who agreed to accompany terrorists who had bombed petroleum tanks to Kuwait to secure the release of civilian hostages and ensure the terrorists' safe passage. He was the First Permanent Secretary of the

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title: S. R. Nathan

texts: Foreign Ministry.In 1982, <mask> left the Civil Service to become the executive chairman of the Straits Times Press. He served as Singapore's High Commissioner to Malaysia and Ambassador to the United States from 1988 to 1996 and as President of the Republic from 1999 to 2011. <mask> became a distinguished senior fellow at the Institute of Southeast Asian Studies and the School of Social Sciences of Singapore Management University after retirement. He was given a state funeral by the Government. The S R Nathan School of Human Development was renamed the Bintang Bakti Masyarakat (Public Service Star) in 1964. <mask> joined the Singapore Civil Service as a medical social worker in 1955. He became the Seamen's Welfare Officer the following year.He was the director of the Labour Research Unit of the NTIC until January 1966. Singapore joined the Afro-Asian People's Solidarity Organisation. He was a member of the NTUC's Board of Trustees from 1983 to 1988. <mask> was transferred to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in 1966. He was appointed the deputy secretary of the ministry of home affairs in 1971. <mask> was the Director of the Security and Intelligence Division at the Ministry of Defence. <mask> was among a group of government officers who volunteered to be held hostage by the JRA and flown after the Laju incident.He was awarded the Pingat Jasa Gemilang for his bravery. <mask> became the First Permanent Secretary of the Foreign Ministry in February 1979 and left in February 1982 to become the Executive Chairman of the Straits Times Press. The appointment was viewed dimly by journalists who felt that the Government was trying to limit the freedom of the press. <mask> said in a 2010 interview that when they saw he was not doing what they expected, they began to have confidence. Between 1982 and 1988 <mask> held directorships of several other companies, including the Singapore Mint. He was a

masks: Nathan Nathan Nathan Nathan Nathan Nathan Nathan Nathan Nathan


title: S. R. Nathan

texts: director in the Singapore International Media. He was the Chairman of the joint venture from 1973 to 1986.<mask> was Chairman of the Hindu Endowments Board from 1983 to 1988. He was a founding member of the Singapore Indian Development Association. In April 1988 <mask> was appointed Singapore's High Commissioner to Malaysia, and in July 1990 he became Ambassador to the United States. <mask> was made an Ambassador-at-Large and concurrently Director of the Institute of Defence and Strategic Studies at the Nanyang Technological University. He became a candidate in the 1999 Singapore presidential election after he resigned as ambassador and director of the institute. <mask> was elected president and commander-in-chief on 18 August 1999 after two other potential candidates were found to be constitutionally ineligible. Senior Minister Lee Kuan Yew and former President Wee Kim Wee supported his candidacy.<mask> was sworn in as President of Singapore on 1 September 1999. The annual President's Challenge charity raising initiative was launched by <mask> in 2000. The movement has raised more than $150 million since 2012 by Tony Tan Keng Yam, his successor. <mask> was declared the only eligible candidate for the 2005 presidential election by the Presidential Elections Committee. <mask> was elected for a second term on 17 August 2005. He was sworn in for a second term of office on 1 September 2005, and as of 2016 he is the only person who has served two terms as president. On 21 January 2009, <mask> approved in principle the Government's request to draw $4.9 billion from the nation's past financial reserves to fund the Government's Resilience Package consisting of two schemes aimed at preserving jobs and businesses during the financial downturn.The President's discretionary powers had never been used for this purpose. The President's formal approval of the drawdown was conveyed in two notifications.


title: S. R. Nathan

texts: <mask> decided not to seek a third term as president on July 1, 2011. He cited his age as one of the reasons, as he didn't believe he could take on the heavy responsibilities and physical demands of the position of head of state indefinitely. He left office on 1 September and was succeeded by Tony Tan. His book An Unexpected Journey: Path to the Presidency was launched by the Prime Minister. The S. R. Nathan Educational Upliftment Fund was established to provide financial assistance to needy students.<mask> became a distinguished senior fellow of the SMU School of Social Sciences after completing his term as President of Singapore Management University. He was a patron of the Singapore University of Social Sciences from 2006 to 2011. He worked at the Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. He was the first patron of the Inter-Religious Organisation. <mask> had two children, one son and one daughter. <mask> had a stroke on the morning of July 31, 2016 and was taken to Singapore General Hospital's Intensive Care Unit. He died in the hospital on August 22nd, aged 92.He was survived by his family, including his wife, daughter, son, and sister. The Government ordered that the national flag be flown at half-mast from 23 to 26 August as a mark of respect. Members of the public were able to pay their respects to <mask> when his body lay in state at Parliament House. A state funeral was held to honor <mask>. His body was taken from Parliament House to the NUS in a gun carriage. City Hall, where he attended three National Day Parades, is one of the landmarks that the state funeral procession passed by. The speakers at the state funeral were Prime Minister Lee Hsien loong and ambassadors-at-large Tommy Koh and Gopinath Pillai.The song "Thanjavooru Mannu Eduthu" was 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780

masks: Nathan Nathan Nathan Nathan Nathan Nathan


title: S. R. Nathan

texts: 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 As a metaphor for Singapore's multiracial heritage, it was <mask>'s favourite song. A private cremation took place after the state funeral. The S R Nathan School of Human Development was renamed in honor of Singapore's sixth president, Mr. R<mask>, to recognize his advocacy of social and community causes. The Pingat Jasa Gemilang was awarded to <mask> in 1975, for his actions during the Laju incident. On August 8th, <mask> was awarded the Darjah Utama Temasek. He was given the Order of the Bath.An Eminent Alumni award was given to <mask> in 2007, after he had been chancellor of NUS from 1999 to 2011. On July 5, 2012 SMU gave him a D.Litt. On 14 July. He received a lifetime achievement award from the Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences. <mask> was the Singapore Scout Association's chief scout. In 2005, he received the Asia-Pacific RegionalDistinguished Scout Award, and in 2010 he received the Association'sDistinguished Service Award.<mask>'s achievements were recognised around the world. He was given the Al-Khalifa Order during a state visit toBahrain on November 22, 2010 and in June of 2011 he was given the Doctor of Civil Law (D.C.L.). He received a degree from the University of Mauritius. The Pravasi Bharatiya Samman was given to <mask> in recognition of his contribution in building closer links between Singapore and India. The works were selected. References Further reading The official website of The Istana and the President of the Republic of Singapore

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title: John Pérez

texts: <mask><mask> was born on September 28, 1969 He served as the Speaker of the California State Assembly from March 1, 2010 to May 12, 2014, before becoming a Regent of the University of California. He was a member of the Democratic Party and represented the 46th district and 53rd district in the California State Assembly. <mask> announced his candidacy for California State Controller. <mask> finished third in the election. <mask> conceded to Yee more than a month after the election after initially calling for a recount. He was elected as chairman of the University of California regents in May of 2019.<mask> grew up in El Sereno and Highland Park before attending the University of California, Berkeley. He dropped out of Berkeley after his junior year due to family medical reasons. The early biographies of <mask> called him a Berkeley graduate, a misstatement that was repeated in several press releases issued by Los Angeles mayors. <mask>'s office verified that he was not a Berkeley graduate after the San Francisco Chronicle wrote about the inconsistencies. <mask> has worked for seven years for the United Food and Commercial Workers, a union representing supermarket workers, and is the cousin of Los Angeles mayor Antonio Villaraigosa. He was the political director of the California Labor Federation. He resigned from the Los Angeles Community Redevelopment Agency's board in 2008 to run for the Assembly.<mask> was named a superdelegate to the 2008 Democratic National Convention after being elected to the Assembly. On June 3, 2008, he endorsed Barack Obama. The 46th district includes parts of Los Angeles and South Los Angeles. The district's assemblyman was forced out by term limits and replaced by <mask>. <mask> defeated a little-known challenger in the race to succeed Nez. He won 85% of the vote in the general election. He received 100% of the vote in 2010.The Assembly's 53rd district was won by <mask> in the 2012 election. The areas belonging to the 46th district became the 53rd in 2011. Kevin de Len was going to be elected speaker of the California Senate in 2010 and Speaker <mask> was going to run for it. An agreement had apparently been reached by Los Angeles power brokers that would have seen <mask> support de Len for

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title: John Pérez

texts: speaker while <mask> ran for senate in the 22nd district. Cedillo would seek <mask>'s seat in the Assembly. The deal appears to have been derailed by opposition among certain Assembly Democrats to de Len becoming Speaker and by a desire toelect a Speaker who could serve longer than two years. De Len couldn't serve beyond 2012.Assembly Speaker Karen Bass announced on December 3, 2009, that <mask> had enough support to succeed her. The Assembly Democratic caucus met on December 10 to choose the next speaker. de Len threw his support behind <mask>. He was elected by a 48–26 vote of the full Assembly on January 7, 2010 and replaced by Bass on March 1, 2010. One of the longest serving Speakers in the era of term limits was Speaker of the California Assembly <mask>, who was reelected in 2010 and 2012 and took office as California's 68th Speaker on March 1, 2010. The Middle Class Scholarship Act was introduced in January of 2012 by <mask>. The bills were created to lower the cost of tuition at state colleges and universities for middle-class families by up to 1/3.Up to $150 million would have been given to California community colleges. The California Constitution requires a 1/3 supermajority for tax measures to pass. The bills passed in the Assembly with 54 votes in favor and 25 against, but they failed to pass in the Senate with 22 votes against and 3 not voting. <mask> will introduce another measure to address college affordability. The Governor's Office of Business Development (GoBiz) was introduced by <mask> in December of 2010 to establish a centralized location for all business resources. The multitude of programs designed to assist businesses looking to move or incorporate in California were easier to access. The bills passed with 31 votes in favor and 3 votes against in the Senate.GoBiz plans to open satellite offices in China and Mexico as part of their mission to attract investment and businesses to California. Vernon is an industrial city located in the County of Los Angeles that is home to fewer than 150 residents but is a business hub with more than 50,000 employees. Vernon has a long history of corruption and voter intimidation. Perez introduced a bill in December of 2010 to make the city part of Los Angeles

masks: Pérez Pérez Pérez Pérez Pérez Pérez Pérez Pérez


title: John Pérez

texts: County. There was broad support from the surrounding communities which have been plagued by the pollution and ill-effects of Vernon's businesses but resistance from organized labor. After passing the assembly with 62 votes in favor, 7 votes against, and 10 not voting, the bill was defeated in the Senate with 13 votes in favor, 17 votes against, and 10 not voting. Vernon has had serious issues with their elections and public officials after the bill's defeat.Significant rate increases were announced by the local power authority, which was cited frequently as a reason to keep Vernon as an independent, business-focused city. Some businesses decided to leave the city because of the millions of dollars in debt. The California Health Benefit Exchange is the first state based program in the nation created to assist with implementation of theAffordable Care Act. Individuals and small businesses have access to a wide range of insurance products. In the Assembly, the bills passed with 51 votes in favor and 27 against with 0 not voting, while in the Senate the bills passed with 21 votes in favor and 13 against with 5 not voting. The model for their own programs was used by states across the nation. Governor Jerry Brown called a special legislative session to address health care costs.<mask> introducedAB1X1. President Obama wants to expand health care coverage under theAffordable Care Act. Medi-Cal is available to one million Californians who earn less than 120 percent of the federal poverty limit. The proposed Farmers Field project in Los Angeles would have been sped up if <mask> had not been involved in the passage of the bill. Farmers Field was never built but the bill he passed later served as the basis of a statewide law that speeds approval of major construction projects without compromising the environmental standards Californians value. In <mask>'s first year as an Assemblymember, the state faced a budget deficit of 64 billion dollars. In his time as Speaker, California's structural deficit has been eliminated, resulting in an estimated 1 billion dollar reserve and the first increase in the state's credit rating since 2004.He blocked the final budget proposal that would have wiped out 430,000 jobs for police officers,

masks: Pérez Pérez Pérez


title: John Pérez

texts: firefighters, teachers, nurses, and their support personnel. The California Jobs Budget balanced the budget and created a ten billion dollar private sector job creation fund. Almost all the jobs that were eliminated by the initial proposal were protected by a compromise. California's budget was often passed after the deadline due to the requirement that budget votes have a two-thirds majority to pass. The Legislature adopted two balanced and on-time budgets after the 2010 voter approval of the lower threshold for approving a budget to a simple majority. The Assembly is managed by the Speaker. She or he appoints members to all committees and subcommittees of the Assembly, allocates funds, staffing, and other resources for the effective operation of the House, and establishes committee schedules.<mask>'s leadership has led to redirecting savings from cutting operating costs to fund other state programs. Millions of dollars were transferred from Assembly operating accounts to benefit veterans, families and women. The Commission on the Status of Women is a non-partisan agency which acts as a public policy body for proposals to address women's issues in the public domain. <mask> transferred money from the Assembly's operating budget to the commission. The Speaker was able to announce that Academy Award-Winning actor Geena Davis would serve as the Chair of the commission. <mask> announced in April 2012 that the Assembly would contribute $500,000 to establish the National Guard "Work for Warriors" Program. This program places National Guard members with jobs, trying to reduce the unemployment rate in California while ensuring that California's veterans have access to jobs, healthcare, and support service they deserve.Two $300,000 grants were given to the California Military Department for mental health services by The Speaker. He was named the California Assembly Legislator of the Year by the Vietnam Veterans of America and received the Charles Dick Medal of Merit Award from the National Guard Associations of the United States. Over 81,000 children in 60,0000 working families were denied subsidized child care in the 2010 budget because of a line item veto. $6 million from the Assembly operating budget will be shifted to


title: John Pérez

texts: provide bridge funding for those child care programs. Assembly members from the minority Republican Party have been appointed to chair committees by <mask>. Col. Paul Cook was elected to the United States House of Representatives after serving as Chair of the Committee on Veterans Affairs. The Committee on Local Government was chaired by ASSEMBLY MEMBER CAMERON Smyth (R-Santa Clarita), who left office in 2012 and is now being chaired by ASSEMBLY MEMBER KAScho Achadjian (R-Arroyo Grande).According to the Center for Continuing Study of the California Economy, if California's GDP were compared to those of leading nations, it would rank as the ninth largest economy in the world. <mask> has led bipartisan delegations of Assembly members on official visits to some of California's most important trading partners, including Mexico, the Republic of Korea, and the State of Israel. The visits have been reciprocated by a number of foreign leaders. <mask> met with officials from Australia, Chile, and Afghanistan and worked with the California Travel & Tourism Commission to promote foreign tourism in California. California Governor Jerry Brown appointed <mask> as a Regent of the University of California after the election. <mask> announced his candidacy for the special election to replace Becerra in the United States House of Representatives after he became the new Attorney General of California. He withdrew from the race on December 10, saying that a recent medical diagnosis would prevent him from fully participating in the campaign.<mask> is the first openly LGBT Speaker of the California State Assembly. He is the second gay person to lead a state legislative chamber. His election as speaker preceded the election of Gordon D. Fox, an openly gay Democrat, to be speaker of the Rhode Island House of Representatives. The 2nd openly gay person to be appointed to the University of California Board of regents was <mask>. Governor Jerry Brown appointed the first board member of the Los Angeles Gay and Lesbian Community Services Center in 1980. <mask> was endorsed by the Gay & Lesbian Victory Fund. He was a member of the caucus.The 1969 births of 21st-century American politicians can be found on the campaign website Join California <mask>

masks: Pérez Pérez Pérez Pérez Pérez Pérez Pérez Pérez John


title: Richard Fitzalan, 3rd Earl of Arundel

texts: <mask> was an English nobleman and medieval military leader. One of the wealthiest nobles, and the most loyal noble retainer of the chivalric code, was Arundel. <mask> was born in England. Edmund Fitzalan was the 2nd Earl of Arundel and his wife Alice de Warenne's son. The betrothal of his parents was arranged by Alice's grandfather, who was his father's guardian, after his father was fined for refusing to marry her. After the Earl died, Arundel changed his mind and left Alice the presumptive heir and her brother married to a young girl. His paternal grandparents were William and Joan de Warenne.William was the only son of John de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey, and his wife Alice de Lusignan, half-sister of Henry III of England. Fitzalan's father allied with Edward II's favorites, Hugh le Despenser, 1st Earl of Winchester and his namesake son, and <mask> was married to Isabel le Despenser, daughter of Hugh the Younger. Fitzalan's father was executed on 17 November 1326, after Fortune turned against the Despenser party. He did not inherit his father's estates. By 1330, political conditions had changed and <mask> was able to reacquire the Earldom of Arundel as well as the great estates his father had held. In 1334 he was made Justiciar of North

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title: Richard Fitzalan, 3rd Earl of Arundel

texts: Wales, and in 1339 he became High Sheriff of Caernarvonshire and Governor of Caernarfon. He was an ardent supporter of Edward the Black Prince.Despite his high offices in Wales, <mask> spent a lot of his time fighting in Scotland and France during the Hundred Years' War. After being made joint commander of the English army in the north in 1337, he was made the sole commander the next year. The French fleet was going to sail against Edward III's fleet. They were blown off course by a storm on their way to the sea. Edward met parliament and they ordered a new fleet to be granted provisions by the barons of the cinque ports. A group of ships from the west met in March of 1340 to be commanded by a new admiral. The commission was granted by the earl on February 20, 1340, and was joined by fleets from the north and cinque ports.He left port two days later on 22 June to join the king in Flanders. The Battle of Sluys took place in July 1340 and was fought between the Spanish fleet and Arundel. He was summoned by parliament to witness the victory. By December 1343, Arundel had left his post as admiral. He might have been at the siege of Tournai. He was appointed joint lieutenant of Aquitaine in 1340 after a short term as Warden of the Scottish


title: Richard Fitzalan, 3rd Earl of Arundel

texts: death of the Dowager Countess of Surrey.He left behind a large amount of hard cash after making large loans to King Edward III. He married Isabel le Despenser on February 9th, 1321 at Havering-atte-Bower. The future earl and his bride were eight years old. He repudiated this bride and was granted an annulment by Pope Clement VI because he was too young and unwilling. When <mask> was fifteen, and Isabel sixteen, they had one son, Sir Edmund de <mask>, Knt., of Chedzoy, Martock, and Thurlbear. Lady Sybil de Montacute, daughter of William Montacute, 1st Earl of Salisbury and Catherine Grandison, was married to him before 1347 when he was a child. Edmund was ignored despite protesting his illegitimacy.Edmund was knighted in 1352 at the age of 23 and went on to become an aristocratic knight. Edmund was on the king's service in 1364. King Edward III was sent to communicate the state of the Roman church in Italy by Pope Urban V. Edmund fought in several military campaigns in France, including the Battle of Pontvallain, under the command of his first cousin Edward the Black Prince. Edmund tried to claim the six manors allotted to his mother after he disagreed with his half-brother's inheritance after his father's death. He was imprisoned in the Tower

masks: Richard Arundel


title: Richard Fitzalan, 3rd Earl of Arundel

texts: of London in 1377 and freed through the intervention of two of his brothers-in-law. Edmund lost his inheritance despite his protests.Edmund went to Gascony on a military expedition. The death of Sir Edmund de Arundel took place in February of 1362. They had three daughters who were his co-heiresses and who brought a failed suit against their half-uncle the Earl: Elizabeth (or Alice) de <mask>, who married Sir Leonard Carew. One of Sir Leonard's great-uncles is descended from all the members of the prominent and widespread Carew family. Baron Carew is the Earl of Totnes. Philippa <mask> married Sir <mask>, Knt., of Colquite, Cornwall. There are five children mentioned in a Victorian historical novel.<mask> died childless on 24 June 1399. Elizabeth was the wife of Sir William Marny. Philippa was the wife of Sir Robert Pashley. The wife of Guy de Saint Albino was born at Kilquyt. Joan died in February 1400. Philippa died on 13 September 1399, after becoming a widow on 30 September 1393. The 11th Earl of Oxford is the widower of Alice de Hol.The 12th Earl of Oxford was the mother of two sons, one of which became the 15th Earl of Oxford. She married Robert Deincourt. Eleanor of Lancaster was the second youngest daughter and sixth child of Henry,

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de Arundel
Richard Sergeaux
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title: Richard Fitzalan, 3rd Earl of Arundel

texts: 3rd Earl of Lancaster and Maud Chaworth. His common grandmother allowed him to marry his first wife's first cousin. Eleanor was the widow of a 2nd Lord. Edward III is a kinsman of both wives. Financial sweeteners may have been used to reconcile the Church and the Crown after the Earl of Arundel rebuilt the family wealth and was a major financier of the Crown.<mask> and Eleanor had 3 sons and 3 surviving daughters by this second marriage. 1st Baron Maltravers, who was a Marshall of England, drowned in 1379. Lady Mary, the current Duke of Norfolk is a descendant of John FitzAlan, 1st Baron Arundel. The husband of Joan Fitzalan was the 7th Earl of Hereford. They were the maternal grandparents of Henry V of England. The brother of King <mask> was married to Alice FitzAlan. Queen consorts of King <mask>, Elizabeth of York, and Henry VII were their ancestors.Edmund de Bereford, illegitimate son of John de Bereford, was married to Eleanor Fitzalan, who was an unknown mistress. They didn't have an issue. There are illegitimate offspring who were married to a lady with the last name unknown. The first mistresses of King Charles II of England were descended from them. <mask> died at Arundel Castle at the age of 70 or 63 and was buried in Lewes Priory.

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title: Richard Fitzalan, 3rd Earl of Arundel

texts: He wrote his will in December. He mentioned his three surviving sons by his second wife, but left out Edmund, his bastardized eldest son.The Fitzalan Chapel at Arundel Castle was built by <mask>'s heirs after he asked them to do so in his will. The memorial effigies depicting <mask> and his second wife Eleanor of Lancaster are the subject of a poem. Despite his loans to Edward III, Fitzalan died an incredibly wealthy man. He was as smart in business as he was in diplomatic politics. He saved his estate for future generations. The Black Prince of the West Battle of Crécy Battle of Winchelsea Battle of Sluys was Edward III of

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title: Gretar Tryggvason

texts: advancement of sciences.Member of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics and the American Physical Society. The International Journal of Multiphase Flow has an Editorial Advisory Board. Computer methods in applied mechanics and engineering are used to study the effects of  Viscoelastic Stresses. 343, 343, 343, 343, 343, 343, 343, 343, 343, 343, 343, 343, 343, 343, 343, 343, 343, 343, 343,  J. Lu and G. <mask>. Direct numerical simulations of multifluid flows in a vertical channel. 3/12/2018.They are M. Ma, J. Lu, and G. Tryggvason. Statistical learning can be used to close two-fluid multiphase flow equations. J. of multiphase flow. There were 85 in this year. S. Dabiri and G<mask>. Chemical Engineering Science describes heat transfer in turbulent flow in vertical channels. There are 122 in this year's edition.They are M. Ma, J. Lu, and G<mask>. Statistical learning can be used to close two-phase flow equations. 092101 is from fluid's 27th edition. B. Aboulhasanzadeh, S. Thomas, M. Taeibi-Rahni, and G<mask> are related. Multiscale computations of mass transfer from bubbles. S. Thomas, A. Esmaeeli and G<mask>. There are computations of thin films in multiphase flows.H. Terashima and G<mask>. A ghost fluid method is used for fluid interface in compressible flows. It's called Phys. 4012–4037. J. Lu and G. Tryggvason. The effect of Bubble Deformability in Turbulent Upflow in a Vertical Channel. There are fluids.M. Muradoglu and G<mask> were present. A method for computation of interfacial flows. It's called Phys. In 2008 there was a case of 227. J. Lu, A. Fernandez, and G<mask> are related.

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title: Gretar Tryggvason

texts: There is an effect of bubbles on the wall. A. Koynov, G<mask>, and J. G. Khinast are related.The paper deals with mass transfer and chemical reactions in bubble swarms. J. Che, S.L. Ceccio and Tryggvason. The distribution of drops in a channel flow is affected by the effects of static forces. Fluids 17 was written by A. Esmaeeli and G<mask>. There aremputations of film boiling. The first part of the numerical method is int'l.J. of Heat and Mass Transfer 47 was published in 2004. S. Nas and G<mask>. There is a thermocapillary interaction of two bubbles or drops. N. Al-Rawahi and G. <mask>. In the presence of flow,mputations of the growth of dendrites. Part I- Two-dimensional Flow. It's called Phys.180 in 2002 B. Bunner and G. Tryggvason. Dynamics of Homogeneous Flows: Part 1 is the first part. Rise Velocity and Microstructure of the Bubbles. 465 (2001), 17–52. G<mask>, M. Thouless, D. Dutta, S. L. Ceccio, and D. M. Tilbury were present. The University of Michigan has a new mechanical engineering curriculum.Engineering Education 90 was published in 2001. G<mask>, B. Bunner, A. Esmaeeli, D. Juric, N. Al-Rawahi, W. Tauber, J. Han, S. Nas, and Y.-J. There is a method for tracking multiphase flow. The physics 169 was published in 2001. S. and G. <mask> are related. The motion of drops in Poiseuille flow is studied numerically. Part 1.There was a migration of one drop. 411 was published in 2000. J. Han and G<mask>. There is a secondary breakup of liquid drops in asymmetric geometry. Fluids 11 was published in 1999. M. Carin, M. Medale, and G<mask> are related. The Osmotic Migration of Cells in a Solute

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title: Gretar Tryggvason

texts: Gradient was published in 1999.G. Agresar, J.J. Linderman, G<mask>, and K.G. Powell. The method for the motion, formation and absorption of circulating cells was described in the J. Comput. The article was published in the journal Phys 143 in 1998. D. Juric and G. <mask>. mputations of boiling flows J. Multiphase Flow.The year was 1998 A. Esmaeeli and G. Tryggvason. Direct numerical simulations of bubbly flows. Part I is about low Reynolds number array. 377 in 1998 E.A. G<mask> is the brother of Ervin.The Rise of Bubbles in a Vertical Shear Flow was published in 1997. D. Juric and G<mask>. Dendritic solidification can be tracked using a front tracking method. It's called Phys. 123 was published in 1996. M.R. Y.-J. Nobari.The Tryggvasons are Jan and G. There is a head-on collision of drops. Fluids 8 was published in 1996. S.O. Unverdi, G. <mask>. A method for tracking Viscous Incompressible Flows. It's called Phys.100 (1992), 25–37. G<mask>. There is a numerical simulation of the instability. The Phys, 75, was published in 1988. G<mask> and H. Aref. There are numerical experiments on Hele Shaw flow. The main contributors are A. Prosperetti and G<mask>.Computational methods for flow. The Cambridge University Press was published in 2007. It was a paperback edition. They are G<mask>, R. Scardovelli and S. Zaleski. There are direct numerical simulations of gas-liquid flows. Cambridge University Press. 2011.G. Tryggvason and D. Engineering education is needed for the 21st century. External links include the University of Notre Dame, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, and the Brown University School of

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. Tryggvason
. Tryggvason
. Tryggvason


title: Reed Crandall

texts: <mask> was an American illustrator and penciller of comic books and magazines. He was best known for his stories in Quality Comics in the 1940s. In 2009, he was in the Will Eisner Comic Book Hall of Fame. <mask> was the son of <mask> and his wife. The official artist and photographer of Grand Teton National Park was a cousin. There is no evidence that <mask> is related to <mask>, who graduated from the Cleveland School of Art in Cleveland, Ohio, in 1935. He graduated in 1939.His father died in the spring of his freshman year at art school. During his junior year, his mother and sister moved to Cleveland. They found work painting signs on windows. The influences of the painters and commercial illustrators included N.C. Wyeth. The son of the president of the Cleveland-based Newspaper Enterprise Association syndicate recommended <mask> for a job at NEA as a general art assistant, where he drew maps and other supporting material. After his desire to be a magazine illustrator was unsuccessful, he did a small amount of work for a children's book publisher. He joined the Eisner and Iger Studio, an early comic-book packager that supplied complete, outsourced comics for publishers, after moving to New York with his mother and sister.Quality Comics created comic books from 1939 to 1973. His first work in comics was for Quality Comics, where he drew stories starring such superheros as the Ray and Doll Man. His first confirmed cover art is for Fiction House's Fight Comics #12, which was published in April 1941. Jack Kirby was

masks:
Reed Leonard Crandall
Reed Crandall
Rayburn Crandall
Reed
Harrison Crandall
Crandall


title: Reed Crandall

texts: inking the pencil art of two of the earliest Captain America stories, "The Ageless Orientals That Wouldn't Die" and "The Queer Case of the Murdering Butterfly and the Ancient". With S.M. "Jerry" Iger was credited with creating the superhero the Firebrand in Quality's Police Comics #1 and began his long run as artist of his signature series, the World War II aviator-team strip "Blackhawk", in Military Comics #12. In Quality's Crack Comics, he drew the adventures of Captain Triumph.His last "Blackhawk" work was a seven-page story and the cover. The hit horror and science fiction titles of EC Comics became as influential to future generations of comics creators as they were controversial in their own time due to their often graphic nature and mature themes. The six-page story "Bloody Sure" was written by Al Feldstein and was part of a group that included artists Johnny Craig, Jack Davis, Will Elder and Frank Frazetta. He drew stories in a variety of genres for the anthology, as well as the sequel series, Weird Science-. Following the demise of EC in the wake of the U.S. Senate hearings on juvenile delinquency and a wave of anti-comics sentiment, <mask> went to work for Atlas and the Gilberton Company. George Evans and Crandall collaborated on four titles for Classics Illustrated. The Hunchback of Notre Dame was published in 1960.No. 23, Oliver Twist. No.68 was written by Julius Caesar. In Freedom's Cause was published in the UK in 1963. Treasure Chest was a comic book that was distributed through parochial schools. There


title: Reed Crandall

texts: were many covers and stories for Treasure Chest. In 1964, he illustrated books for a publisher. He began contributing to Warren Publishing's black-and-white war-comics magazine Blazing Combat, and went on to contribute to the company's line of black-and-white horror publications.He illustrated superhero-espionage stories for Tower Comics and space opera science fiction for King Features Syndicate. The Multicon-70 convention was held in Oklahoma City in June 1970. After leaving New York City in the 1960s to care for his mother in Kansas, he developed alcoholism. After recovering from his mother's death, he left art to work as a janitor and night watchman at Pizza Hut's general headquarters in Wichita. He died of a heart attack in 1982, a year after he suffered a stroke. "This Graveyard Is Not Deserted" was one of his last published stories. "Soul and Shadow" was his last published comic book work.The family had two children. Their daughter was an artist. <mask>. "Spike" <mask> was an artist who owned and operated Crandall's Creations. The Will Eisner Comic Book Hall of Fame honored <mask> in 2009. In Michael Chabon's Pulitzer Prize-winning novel, Kavalier and Clay, he is referenced. <mask> is referred to as the "top" comic-book artist of his era by the fictional character Joe Kavalier. "Crandall, <mask>", at the Social Security Death Index 1917 births 1982 deaths American comics artists American illustrators Golden Age comics creators People from Pike County, Indiana Silver Age comics creators Will Eisner Award Hall of

masks:
Reed L
Crandall
Crandall
Crandall
Reed


title: Egmont Prinz zur Lippe-Weißenfeld

texts: During World War II, <mask> was an ace of royal descent. A flying ace or fighter ace is a military pilot credited with shooting down five or more enemy aircraft. All of the 51 aerial victories were claimed in nocturnal combat missions. He joined the infantry of the Austrian Bundesheer in 1936 and was born on July 14, 1918. He served as a pilot in the ZG 76 before moving to the night fighter force. He won his first aerial victory on the night of 16 to 17 November 1940. He was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on April 16th, 1942, after accumulating 21 aerial victories by the end of March.On August 2, 1943, he received the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves. He was promoted to Major before he and his crew were killed in a flight accident. The member of the cadet branch of the House of Lippe was born on July 14, 1918. His parents were Prince Alfred of Lippe-Weissenfeld and his mother Anna von Go. Egmont was the only child. His sisters were younger than <mask>. The family lived in a castle.There was a chance that he would succeed to the throne of the Principality of Lippe, a small state within the German Empire. After his birth, Germany became a republic and all the German royal houses had to leave. He was very fond of the mountains and wildlife when he was younger. He hunted for fourteen years from his fourteenth year. He discovered his love for music and sports when he was also interested in flying. He attended the glider flying school in Austria. He joined the military service after attending a basic flying

masks:
Egmont Prinz zure Wei Lippenfeld
Egmont


title: Egmont Prinz zur Lippe-Weißenfeld

texts: course.He never married or had children. He became acquainted with Idelein in January 1941. She was a secretary. The two shared a close relationship and spent a lot of time together during the war, listening to music and sailing on the IJsselmeer. After initially serving in the infantry, military service Prinz <mask>e-Wei Lippenfeld joined the Austrian Bundesheer at the age of 18. He was promoted to Leutnant in 1939 after he transferred to the German Luftwaffe. He underwent further training at Frstenfeldbruck, Schleiheim and Vienna-Aspern after earning his Luftwaffe Pilots Badge.His career began with the II. The second group of the ZG 76 was transferred to the NJG 1 on August 4, 1940. He was familiar with the methods of the night fighters when the unit was based at Gtersloh. The Defence of the Reich campaign began when the Royal Air Force (RAF) attacks shifted to the cover of darkness. The Kammhuber Line was established in the mid-1940s. The control sectors were equipped with radars and searchlights. The night fighter would be directed into visual range by each sector named a Himmelbett.Night fighters were equipped with airborne radar in 1941. It wasn't used in general use until early 1942. The first night fighters were sent to Leeuwarden in the Netherlands in the summer of 1940. One of the pilots was from the small group. He took over command of an independent night fighter in October 1940. In the night of 16 to 17 November 1940, he claimed a Vickers Wellington bomber from the Royal Air Force. 115 Squadron of the Royal Air Force shot


title: Egmont Prinz zur Lippe-Weißenfeld

texts: down.His second victory was claimed on the night of 15 January 1941, when he shot down an N1521 of the Linton-on-Ouse based No. The nature reserve at Callantsoog is near the Dutch coast in the Zwanenwater. He was wounded in action on 13 March 1941 when his aircraft was hit by the defence and he made an emergency landing at Bergen. Shortly after midnight on 10 April 1941, a No. was claimed by Prinz zur Lippe-Weienfeld. NJG 1's victory score was raised to 100. General Kammhuber, Wolfgang Falck, Werner Streib, and others attended the celebration at the Amstel Hotel in Amsterdam. On June 30, 1941, while flying Bf-110 C-4 (Werknummer 3273) on a practice intercept mission over North Holland, he collided with Bf-110 C-7 (Werknummer 2075) piloted by Leutnant Rudolf Schoenert of the 4./NJGHe received his first of four references in the daily Wehrmachtbericht on 19 June 1941. He had eleven aerial victory claims by the end of July 1941. He became Staffelkapitn of the 2nd Night Fighter Wing on 1 November 1941. He had claimed 15 aerial victories by the end of 1941. He was awarded the German Cross in Gold on January 25, 1942, and the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on April 16, 1942, after he shot down 4 RAF bombers in the night of 26 to 27 March 1942, his score stood at 21 aerial victories. On October 15, 1942, the I. Gruppe (1st group) of Nachtjagdgeschwader 3 (NJG 3)—3rd Night Fighter Wing made Prinz <mask> Lippe-Weienfeld their Gruppenkommandeur. He took command of the III.The 3rd group of NJG 1 took place on 11 June 1943. He was awarded the


title: Miguel Ricardo de Álava

texts: The Prime Minister of Spain in 1835 was a Spanish general named <mask>. He was born in the Basque Country. lava was present at both Trafalgar and Waterloo, fighting against the British at the former and with them at the latter. Alava was a naval aide-de-camp during the time of Spain's alliance with France but switched sides when Napoleon invaded Spain. The Duke of Wellington made him one of his aides de camp after appointing him as a military attache. He was promoted to brigadier-general before the campaign ended. He became a close friend of the Duke of Wellington after joining the headquarters of the British Peninsular Army.During the Battle of Waterloo, Alava, the Spanish ambassador to the Netherlands, was able to attend the ball of the Duke ofRichmond and be at Wellington's side. Born into a noble family of naval tradition, he was the son of Pedro Jacinto <mask> y Navarrete. The Captain general of the Navy in 1817 was his uncle, Ignacio Mara <mask>. He married Mara Loreto <mask> y Equvel, his cousin, in 1813. Between 1781 and 1790 he completed his school studies at the, an institution dedicated to the education of sons of noblemen. His uncle, <mask> lava, reached the rank of second lieutenant in 1787. He entered the Navy in 1790 after his time in the infantry, possibly because he was attracted to his uncle.He joined different ships from which he participated in multiple military actions by the Spanish navy against France and England: in Ceuta, the Toulon of Siege and in Italy, which, together with his well connected family, allowed him to rapidly escalate. He was a lieutenant in the navy. He was taken with his uncle to South America in 1795 on an attempt to travel around the world. lava was captured by the English three years after he returned to Spain. He was released several months later and returned to Spain. He was promoted to lieutenant of the ship in

masks:
Miguel de lava y Esquivel
de lava
de lava
de Arriola
José de


title: Miguel Ricardo de Álava

texts: fought with the militia under Francisco Ballesteros and Pablo Morillo to keep the authority of the Cortes against the rebels. The negotiations resulted in the restoration of Ferdinand, who pledged himself to a liberal policy, after the French invested Cdiz. lava decided to retire first to Gibraltar and then to England after he regained power.He was given a house on the Duke of Wellington's Hampshire estate and introduced to his bank by saying, "This is my friend, and as long as I have any money with your house, let him have it to any amount he thinks proper to draw." He was appointed ambassador to London in 1834 and to Paris in 1835 after the death of Ferdinand. He was nominated to be the Prime Minister in 1835. After the insurrection of La Granja, he refused to sign the constitution, and was obliged to retire to France, where he died in 1843. lava's relationships with high-ranking military personnel during the Peninsular War and his diplomatic work as ambassador in London and Paris gave him access to a wide network of prominent contacts that went beyond the strictly professional sphere. lava happily accepted the invitation from William II of the Netherlands to attend his wedding in September 1813. Mara Amalia, the French queen consort, wrote to him about her daughter's wedding and other family concerns.The Duke of Wellington gained the trust of the iron duke when he served as his aide-de-camp during the fight against the French. <mask> Arenas wrote a novel about the intervention of General lava as Wellington's aide-de-camp in the Battle of Waterloo. In the History of the Peninsular War, lava's name is frequently mentioned and he is often met in correspondence with the Duke of Wellington. In Spain, there are three monuments dedicated to him, one of which is the Monument to the Battle of Vitoria in Plaza de la Virgen Blanca. Aversion to certain English


title: Lee Kranefuss

texts: <mask> is an American businessman, investment manager, corporate adviser, andentrepreneur. The asset management arm of Britain'sBarclays Bank started and ran the iShares series of exchange-traded funds. In December of 2009, BGI was acquired by BlackRock. By the time the first exchange traded fund, the iShares line, was launched in 2000, Kranefuss saw the opportunity to grow the existing but immaterial industry that had developed by that time. By the end of 2009, global assets of exchange traded funds exceeded a trillion dollars. In 2012 Kranefuss was associated with a private equity firm. Source ETFs, a leading European exchange traded fund provider, was acquired over 50% of the time.55 Capital Partners was formed in 2016 by Kranefuss and associates, including Bruce Lavine, the former COO and President of Wisdom Tree. He left his daily and strategic oversight roles at that firm. He announced in mid-2017 that he was working on a disruptive web-based application to enable better investment planning. Both individual investors and professional advisors can use the software. He wants to build tools that are intuitive and fun to use for investment planning. In 1997 Kranefuss joined the company that invented index funds. The world's largest manager of institutional assets was BGI.The Director of Strategy & Corporate Development is Kranefuss. The plan for the business was conceived by Kranefuss. Believing that an aggressive education and sales program would be needed to explain the benefits of exchange-traded funds to investors, iShares was launched in 2000


title: J. Rosamond Johnson

texts: During the Harlem Renaissance, <mask> was an American composer and singer. He had a lot of his career in New York City. The hymn "Lift Every Voice and Sing" was written by <mask>. 500 Black American students from the Stanton School in Jacksonville, Florida, performed it for the first time in 1900. The song was published in New York. Marks Music Company. <mask> wrote the lyrics for "Lift Every Voice and Sing" and was the brother of J.<mask>.The two worked together on causes related to the NAACP. The son of <mask> and Helen Louise Dillet was born on August 11, 1873. Hester Argo, <mask>'s maternal great-grandmother, and her three young children escaped from Saint-Domingue during the revolution in 1802. They were brought to Nassau, Bahamas, instead of Cuba, after their boat was stopped by privateers. They settled permanently there. Stephen Dillet was the first man of color to be elected to the legislature. <mask> studied in London after graduating from the New England Conservatory.He started his career as a public school teacher. He began his show business career in New York with his brother Bob Cole. The Evolution of Ragtime was written by a songwriting team. A suite of six songs was one of the earliest works by the group. Two Broadway operettas with casts of black actors were produced by the men. <mask> performed in these operettas. He portrayed African-American Plunk Green in The Red Moon and also played a soldier in the Spanish–American War in The Shoo Fly Regiment.The performances went beyond the theatre. Their inclusion of other races in their musicals evoked a political presence. Cole and <mask> included a love scene between Mitchell and Green in The Red Moon. The spotlight on Native Americans was so well received that the Caughnawaga

masks:
John Rosamond Johnson
Johnson
James Weldon Johnson
Rosamond Johnson
James Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson
Johnson


title: J. Rosamond Johnson

texts: Reservation in Montreal had a majority population of ethnic Mohawk people. Sleeping Beauty and the Beast, In Newport, and Humpty Dumpty were all created and produced by Cole and the <mask> brothers. Hello Paris was created by <mask> and J. Leubrie Hill. During his career, <mask> was active in various musical roles.After Cole's death, he began a tour with Charles Hart and Tom Brown. He wrote music for a theater review in London from 1912 to 1913. The New York Music School Settlement for Colored, founded by the New York Symphony Orchestra's David Mannes, appointed him as director after he returned to the United States. The first deputy marshal of the Negro Silent Protest Parade was J.<mask> <mask>. The Harlem Rounders and The Inimitable Five toured with <mask>. He performed at Aeolian Hall in Manhattan in a Negro spiritual concert. <mask> was the musical director of the London production.<mask> took roles in other dramas as well as singing in the original production of Gershwin's Porgy and Bess. The studio recording of Porgy and Bess was reprised by him. Four works of traditional African-American songs were collected as an editor. He and his brother <mask> compiled The Book of American Negro Spirituals and The Second Book of Negro Spirituals. Shoutsongs and Rolling Along in Song were edited by <mask>. He died in New York City. His widow died in 1969.The Shoo-Fly Regiment is a musical, The Red Moon is a Broadway operetta, and My Castle On The Nile is a musical. A History of the Music of Black Americans. The 3rd edition of W. W.Norton & Company. Who's Who in Colored America: A Biographical Dictionary of Notable Living Persons of African Descent in America, Who's Who in Colored America, Brooklyn, New York, 1930-1931-1932 was edited by Thomas

masks: Johnson Johnson Johnson Rosamond Johson Johnson Johnson Johnson James Johnson


title: Toni Blum

texts: One of the first female comics professionals in what was then called the "Golden Age of Comic Books" was one of the American comic book writers, known for her work with Quality Comics and other publishers. Alex and Bill Bossert were the husband and daughter of comics artist Bill Bossert. She was also known as Blossert. Alexander Anthony "Alex" <mask> and his wife Helen were the daughter of Jewish artists. The family lived in the Philadelphia area. The family moved to New York City after Alex's career as a portrait painter ended in the Great Depression. She became a staff writer at the Manhattan studio Eisner & Iger, one of the era's comics "packagers" that would supply comic-book content on demand to publishers testing the emerging medium.She lived with her family on 92nd Street in Manhattan. Her father joined the studio either before or after her. There, sometimes in collaboration with him, she wrote stories under a variety of pseudonyms. She was called that by her co-workers. Will Eisner was the company's principal and the shop's only writer. Historians are uncertain of her earliest comic-book script due to her collection of pen names. According to Who's Who of American Comic Books, she was the writer of "The Vikings" from 1936 to 1937."Jack Anthony" is the author of the two-page textfiller "Treasure Hunt" Parts 1 & 2 in Action Comics #15-16. Detective Comics Inc., one of the firms that would coalesce to become DC Comics, was not known to use comics packagers for its content. The six-page "Vladim the Voodoo Master", starring Yarko the Great, Master Magician, is the first confirmed work by Blum. Eisner & Iger clients were co-created by female comics creator <mask>. In July 1940, she introduced the aviation strip "Prop Powers", with the possibly pseudonymous artist Clark Williams, as well as "Sally O'Neil, Policewoman" and "Wonder Boy". She scripted many Quality Comics features through 1943, including "Black Condor", "Dollman", "Kid Patrol", "Lion Boy", "The

masks: Blum Blum


title: Toni Blum

texts: Ray", "The Red Bee", and "Stormy Foster". The only female employee of the shop was the aspiring playwright who dated Eisner, who depicted their relationship in his semiautobiographical graphic novel The Dreamer.She was treated respectfully in the all-male studio, save for one encounter involving artist George Tuska punching fellow artist Bob Powell over a remark the latter made regarding Blum. As publisher and historian Denis Kitchen wrote, "Tuska, like Eisner, had a crush on an office mate but was too shy to make his move." Eisner said that Powell's loud assertion that he "could fuck [<mask>] anytime" was the actual provocation that made him angry. After killing Powell, Tuska stood over his prostrate coworker and said, "You shouldn't have said that, Bob." After falling in love with another of the staff artists, Bill Bossert, he married him and had three children. Following Eisner's departure from Eisner & Iger to launch his Sunday-newspaper comic-book insert, "The Spirit Section", in 1940, Blum became ghost writer of its title feature "The Spirit" for a time in 1942, while Eisner did World War II U.S. She is listed as a writer for a companion feature in 1940.She is included among the post-Eisner S. M. Iger Studio personnel who adapted literary novels and stories for Classics Illustrated comics. After Bill Bossert's return from the U.S. Army, where he had been a captain and a parachutist, he and his wife moved to Pleasantville, New York, where they had two children. Robin was their second son. According to a Who's Who of American Comic Books interview conducted in the late 2000s, or 1972, Blum died of breast cancer after surviving five years of treatment. The Golden Age of Comic Books, from the 1930s and 1940s, was a time when a number of women artists worked in comics. 1918 births 1970s deaths Year of death uncertain American comics writers Female comics writers Golden Age comics creators People from Pleasantville, New York 20th-century American women


title: Mangal Pandey

texts: The events immediately preceding the outbreak of the Indian rebellion of 1857 were played out by an Indian soldier. He was a member of the British East India Company's 34th Bengal Native Infantry. The Indian government issued a postage stamp to remember him. His life and actions have been shown in several films. There was a Hindu Brahmin family in Nagwa, a village of upper Ballia district, Ceded and Conquered Provinces. In 1849, he joined the Bengal Army. He was a private in the 5th Company of the 34th Bengal Native Infantry.Lieutenant Baugh, Adjutant of the 34th Bengal Native Infantry, was informed on the afternoon of March 29th that several of his men were excited. It was reported to him that one of them had a loaded musket and was threatening to shoot the first European that he saw. After learning that a group of British soldiers had disembarked from a steamer near the cantonment, <mask> seized his weapons and ran to the quarter-guard building. Baugh ran on his horse to the lines. The station gun was in front of the quarter-guard of the 34th when Pandey took aim at Baugh. He missed Baugh, but the bullet hit his horse and rider in the flank. Baugh fired one of his pistols after he disentangled himself.He missed. After attacking Baugh with a talwar, the adjutant slashed Baugh on the shoulder and neck and brought him to the ground. Shaikh Paltu tried to restrain <mask> as he tried to reload his musket. Baugh summoned a native officer before Hewson arrived on the parade ground. He ordered the Indian officer in charge of the quarter-guard to arrest him. The jemadar said that his NCOs went for help and that he couldn't take him by himself. Ishwari was ordered to fall in the guard with loaded weapons by Hewson.Baugh arrived on the field

masks: Pandey Pandey


title: Mangal Pandey

texts: and asked where he was. Where is he? Hewson said to Baugh, "Ride to the right, sir, for your life." The sepoy is going to fire at you. At that point, Pandey discharged his weapon. Lieutenant Baugh was fighting with Hewson. Hewson was knocked to the ground by a blow from a musket.The other sepoys were brought from the barracks by the sound of the firing. While trying to defend the two Englishmen, Shaikh Paltu called upon the other soldiers to assist him. Assailed by the soldiers who threw stones and shoes at his back, Shaikh Paltu called on the guard to help him hold the prisoner, but they threatened to shoot him if he did not let go of the prisoner. Some of the quarter-guard advanced and struck at the two prostrate officers. They threatened Shaikh Paltu and ordered him to release <mask>, who he had been trying to hold back. Baugh and the sergeant-major were able to get up. He was wounded and had to loosen his grip.He backed away in one direction and Baugh and Hewson in another, while being struck with the butt ends of the guards' muskets. General Hearsey galloped to the ground with his two officer sons after receiving a report of the incident. He rode up to the guard and ordered them to seize the man. The man who disobeyed was threatened by the General. Hearsey was followed by the men of the quarter-guard. When he put the muzzle of the musket to his chest, he pressed thetrigger with his foot. He was bleeding and his jacket was on fire.Less than a week later, he was brought to trial. When asked if he had been under the influence of any substances, he said that he had been on his own and that no one had encouraged him. He and Jemadar Ishwari Prasad were sentenced to death by hanging after three members of the quarter-guard testified


title: Mangal Pandey

texts: that the latter had ordered them not to arrest him. The execution took place on 8 April. The execution of Jemadar Ishwari Prasad took place on 21 April. The 34th B.N.I. was aftermath. After an investigation by the government, the Regiment was dissolved as a collective punishment on 6 May, for failing to perform their duty in restraining a mutinous soldier and their officer.After a period of six weeks, petitions for leniency were examined in Calcutta. Sepoy Shaikh Paltu was murdered in an isolated part of the Barrackpore cantonment shortly after he was promoted to havildar. The 34th B.N.I. was noted by the Indian historian Surendra Sen. There was no evidence of a connection between unrest at Berhampore and the 19th B.N.I., according to the court of enquiry. See below for four weeks before. The British military authorities decided that the whole unit was unreliable because of the actions of the armed and on-duty Sepoys. Most of the people present acted as spectators rather than obey orders because of their anti-British feelings.The personal motivation behind <mask> <mask>'s actions is not clear. He shouted "come out, Europeans are here" and "you sent me out here, why don't you follow me" during the incident. He stated at his court-martial that he had taken bhang and opium and was not aware of what he was doing. There were many factors that caused apprehension and distrust in the Bengal Army prior to the Barrackpore event. The Bengal Army was going to use a new type of bullet in the P-53 rifle which was to be introduced that year. The animal fat used in the grease was thought to be unsuitable for Hindus and Muslims, as the former is a holy animal of the Hindus and the latter is not. Before use, the cartridges had to be bitten.The Indian

masks: Mangal Pandey