title: Mildred Walker

texts: death.Career <mask>'s first novel, "Fireweed," was published in 1934 while she was a graduate student at the University of Michigan. The biggest prize then awarded from an American University was $1,500. <mask> and her family moved to Great Falls, Montana, because of this income. <mask> was supportive of his writing career. He allowed <mask> to devote most of her time to writing. Roy Cowden, one of <mask>'s former University of Michigan professors, was allowed to read her work before it was sent off to <mask>'s publisher. "Light from Arcturus" was published in 1935 by <mask>.The January 1939 selection of the Literary Guild of America called her a master of the novel form. The novel was predicted to launch her from obscurity to an American writer of great importance by the Literary Guild. Her first novel was set in Montana. Winter Wheat was published in 1944. <mask> published "The Curlew's Cry" in 1955. He died in that year. <mask> taught at Wells College in New York."The Body of a Young Man" was published in 1960. The New York Times called her style "pedestrian" and it was nominated for a National Book Award. <mask> described the negative reviews as "rejected" and eventually ceased to refer to the work at all. "If a Lion Could Talk" is an ambitious historical novel about missionaries in the American West. She lived in Grafton, Vermont for 18 years after retiring from Wells College. "If a Lion Could Talk" was published in 1970, and her only children's book, "A Piece of the World", was published in 1972. <mask> had a series of strokes that affected her physical and mental abilities.She continued to work on "The Orange Tree" after her death. She was unable to complete her novel before she died. The novel was edited by Carmen Pearson and published posthumously in 2006 by the University of Nebraska Press. Her novels were mostly out of print by the mid-1970s. The University of Nebraska Press began reissuing her works in

masks: Walker Walker Walker Walker Walker Walker Walker Walker Walker Walker Walker


title: Mildred Walker

type: paraphrased

texts: 1992. In 2003 "Winter Wheat" was chosen by the Montana Center for the Book as the "One Book Montana" subject for reading discussions throughout the state. Four of her novels, including "Winter Wheat" and "Curlew's Cry", are set in the state of Montana.She is not mentioned in "A Literary History of the American West." The publication of A.B. has been suggested. The romanticized mountain man character and unspoiled scenic wildernesses of "The Big Sky" in 1947 and "The Way West" in 1950 turned American reader interest away from the modern West. The new, heroic, and mythologized "Old West" overshadowed <mask>'s work that explored the farming and ranching life that came after the period of westward exploration. Carmen Pearson argues against the regionalist label in her book "Modernity and Mildred <mask>." According to Pearson, <mask> was influenced by her exposure to and exploration of a variety of literature during her time at Wells College. There are themes of economic needs, of warfare, of women's changing roles, of evolving technology, and of movement and displacement in her later works.Today, her novels remain relevant and infused with the energy of compromise and the language of movement, according to Pearson. According to other critics, the decline in popularity of her later works was due to heavy handed literary influences and that they lack the "freshness and spontaneity" so appealing in her earlier works. Her novels with noble characters and written with "ladylike" dignity have not always remained relevant to the modern reader who began to value rebellion, boundary-pushing characters and themes towards the end of <mask>'s career. Fireweed, Light from Arcturus, Dr.Norton's Wife, Unless the Wind Turns, and The Brewers' Big Horses are works of fiction. The University of Nebraska Press published a book by Carmen Pearson. The Montana State University Collection website has 1905 births and 1998 deaths of American

masks: Walker Walker Walker Walker


title: Christopher Alao-Akala

texts: <mask> was a Nigerian politician and police officer. He was a candidate in the Governorship election in Oyo State. On June 3, 1950, Alao-Akala was born at Ogbomoso, in the Ogbomoso North Local Government Area of Oyo State. The Kamina Barracks Middle School is home to the 5th Battalion of Infantry. He received a Doctor of Civil Law (DCL) Honoris Causa from LAUTECH and a Doctor of Science (Political Science) Honoris Causa from Lead City University. In June 1974 he was hired as a cadet inspector of police at the Nigeria Police College. He was recommended for overseas training.He attended the Administrative Staff College, Topo, Badagry, the Nigeria Institute of International Affairs (NIIA), Victoria Island, Lagos, and the Command and Staff College, Jaji. Otunba Alao-Akala was a Nigerian delegate at two INTERPOL conferences. He became the Administrative Officer, Federal Operations at the Force Headquarters, Lagos, from the position of Station Officer in the Nigeria Police. He was later promoted to the position of Operations Officer. He was the personal assistant to the assistant inspector-general of police. The Police Force had several command positions. He was the Area Commander of the Western District of the Nigeria Railway Police.The Gongola State Command is in Yola. The Kwara State Command is in Ilorin; the Oyo State Police Command is in Ibadan. Otunba Adebayo was the Assistant Commissioner of Police in charge of Logistics and Supply in the Oyo State Police Command. Dr. Alao-Akala was a businessman. He was the founder and chairman of two radio stations in Oyo State. Otunba (Dr) Adebayo Alao-Akala was a member of New Dimension. He


title: Maria Katharina Kasper

masks:
Maria
Kasper
Maria Katharina Kasper


title: Maria Katharina Kasper

texts: 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 Peter, Christian and Joseph were her siblings. She was fond of reading the Bible and The Imitation of Christ as a child. A strong sense of moral character was one of the things that Kasper was known for. Though frail health kept her at home from age six to fourteen, she did household chores such as spinning and weaving and helped in her parents' potato patch. She told the stories to the children. She split stones for road construction in the areas around the field when she worked in the fields.The Marian shrine was often visited by <mask> and other children. "I was just a little girl when I felt a great desire of religious vows so as to consecrate myself to the Lord," she wrote. When she was a child, she worked in the fields so as to support her parents, but her vision of a vocation grew clearer as she worked, and she later wrote that "when I went to work I felt the presence of God in me". One of her brothers died while on his way back from trading in the Netherlands in 1842, splitting the household. She and her mother were forced to leave their home because of their poor economic situation. They rented a room at Mller's home to support her and her mother. She was free to pursue her call to the religious life after her mother died.She wanted to become a nun but not in a pre-existing religious congregation which would be difficult to achieve. Due to secularization, there were


title: Maria Katharina Kasper

texts: no women's religious orders present in her home region. There were still male members of these orders living in her area. Their spirit lived on because of their presence and their religious activities. This was encountered by <mask> in both Montabaur and Limburg. The first house of the community was built by her with the help of other locals and family. The first local girls who helped her to nurse children and the sick lived at their family homes.As their activities grew, the activities of her group did not go unrecognized. The local mayor made a public announcement about the group, gave them some guidelines, and asked the villagers to make donations to them. The priests from Montabaur were also informed. They probably passed the information on to the Bishop of Limburg. Some of the girls from the village moved into the house of <mask>. The loose circle that began in 1845/46 needed larger premises. The basis for the religious congregation that Kasper would create would be formed by the association dedicated to entering organized religious life.The first vows of the Poor Handmaids of Jesus Christ order were given on August 15, 1851. The Poor Handmaids of Jesus Christ were established and the women were professed to be religious. The religious name was "Maria". The congregation spread at a rapid pace and soon crossed to the Netherlands to see how each home was doing its job. The order's Superior

masks: Kasper Kasper


title: Maria Katharina Kasper

texts: General was held by <mask> for five consecutive terms. The order's first school opened in 1854. On 9 March 1860, Pope Pius IX granted a decree of praise for the order, but it first received papal approval on 21 May 1890.The order spread to the United States of America in 1868. Death <mask> died in the motherhouse at dawn of the Feast of the Presentation after a heart attack. She was buried near the motherhouse. The order's motherhouse chapel held her remains until 1950. The beatification of 1978 transferred into a shrine-casket placed underneath the altar. Mexico and India are places where Legacy Her order operates. In 1898 there were 1725 religious in 192 houses, but in 2008 there were 670 religious in 104 houses.The United States Motherhouse is in Donaldson, Indiana. The beatification process began in Limburg in 1928 and was closed less than a decade later in 1935, as her spiritual writings were found to be in line with official doctrine. The formal introduction to the cause came on 3 February 1946, under Pope Pius XII. The series of diocesan investigations for the cause ended after the closing of the apostolic process. The processes were taken over by the Congregation for Rites in Rome on April 18, 1953. The cause was approved by a committee on 3 May 1966 and by the Congregation for the Causes of Saints and their consultants on 9 April 1974. There is a C.C.S.On 4 June 1974, additional approval was


title: Maria Katharina Kasper

texts: granted to the cause. In an audience with the C.C.S., Pope Paul VI bestowed the title of Venerable on Kasper. Cardinal Raimondi authorized the promulgation of a decree after he confirmed that <mask> had lived a life of heroic virtue. Her beatification depended on the papal confirmation of a miracle. This can be a healing. The miracle that led to her beatification was the healing of her sister, <mask>a. The miracle was investigated on December 3, 1968 and closed on May 29, 1970.The process was validation on 24 October 1974. The C.C.S. had no explanation for the healing at their meeting on July 16, 1975. The healing came as a direct result of <mask>'s work. There is a C.C.S. Additional confirmation was provided on 30 November. On January 20, 1977 Paul VI confirmed that the healing was a miracle and that he would be beatified. On 19 April 1978, Paul VI beatified <mask> in Saint Peter's Square.The pope praised the woman in his address at the beatification. She was canonized by Pope Francis in Saint Peter's Square. The miracle that allowed for her canonization took place in India. The bell was blessed by the Bishop of Limburg on October 20th. The bells of Limburger Dom will be completed by this bell. The oratorio Beati Pauperes was composed by Johannes Schrder. She is remembered on the anniversary of her canonization.Hagiography Circle is an online documentary about German people who were beatified by

masks:
Kasper
Maria Herluk
Kasper
Kasper


title: Li Song (politician)

texts: <mask> was an official of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period states Later Tang, Later Jin, and Later Han. He was the chief of staff and chancellor during Later Jin. He was wrongly accused of treason and executed. It is not known when <mask> was born, but it is known that he was from a different area. His father was the tactical officer at the Prefecture. He had two brothers, <mask> and <mask>. <mask> was a descendant of <mask>nqing.<mask> is said to be the 6th generation descendant of <mask>, who was a 13th son of Emperor Gaozu of Tang. It was said that he was intelligent in his youth, and that he was writing great texts when he was a teenager. He became an officer once he reached adulthood. Historical descriptions don't give dates or even the identities of the people he was under. During Later Tang, <mask>u had declared himself emperor of a new Later Tang and had commissioned his oldest son to defend Zhending. <mask>'s secretary <mask> was in charge of his correspondences. The head of <mask>'s household, L Rou, was secretly spoken to by <mask>, who said that the Lord Chancellor was <mask>.The realm looks at him. His records need to be written logically. The drafts written by Censor <mask> were not perfect. L asked <mask> to try to write for <mask> on a trial basis, and then showed what <mask> had written to <mask>xu's secretaries. <mask> was put in charge of <mask>'s correspondences after he was promoted to be the surveying officer. <mask>u gave <mask> the title of Xiel Lang

masks:
Li Song
Li Song
Li Yu
Li Yi
Li Lin
Li Shu
Li Lin
Li Yuanyi
Li Cunx
Li Jiji
Li Rao
Li Jiji
Li Song
Li Jiji
Li
Li Song
Li Jiji
Li Song
Li Cun
Li Song
Li Jiji
Li Cunx
Li Song


title: Li Song (politician)

masks:
Li Cunx
Li Jiji
Li Jiji
Li Jiji
Li Song
Li Cunx
Li Jiji
Li Jiji
Li C
Li Jiji
Li Jiji


title: Li Song (politician)

texts: used to pretend to be an imperial seal as <mask> secretly forged an imperial edict. The army acquiesced after that. There were a number of uprisings in the Later Tang army after the deaths of Guo and Youqian. <mask> was killed in a rebellion. His brother claimed the title of regent. <mask>'s army began to desert him after he withdrew his army from Former Shu's capital of Chengdu.He committed suicide and the army returned to his hometown of Luoyang under the command of his general Ren Huan. Ren Huan was a chancellor for <mask>. He made <mask> his assistant for salt and iron monopolies and he was in charge of three financial agencies. When <mask>'s mother died, she left governmental service to observe a mourning period. The military governor of Chengde Circuit made <mask> his secretary after the mourning period ended. <mask> became a member of the office of chief of staff when Fan was recalled to the imperial government. He rose from consultant to imperial chronicler to a supervisor at the executive bureau of government.<mask> became an imperial scholar at the end of the Changxing era. The Khitan Empire made repeated incursions into Later Tang territory. <mask> wanted a military governor for the Hedong Circuit to fight the Khitan incursions. The son-in-law of <mask> wanted to avoid conflicts with his father-in-law's oldest surviving son, but Fan and his fellow chief of staff wanted the military governorship. During a meeting at the office of the chief of staff, it was <mask> who spoke in favor

masks:
Li Song
Li Cunxu
Li Jiji
Li Siyuan
Li Song
Li Song
Li Song
Li Song
Li Song
Li Siyuan
Li Siyuan
Li Song


title: Li Song (politician)

texts: of Shi. Fan and Zhao agreed to it because <mask> was sending emissaries to the meeting to rush the decision. Shi was made the military governor.When Shi became aware that <mask> advocated for his commission, he sent <mask> a message of appreciation. After <mask>'s death, <mask>ng tried to seize power but was defeated and killed. The Prince of Song succeeded his father as emperor. <mask> became emperor after the Prince of Lu overthrew <mask>. <mask> was one of the officials that <mask> frequently consulted. <mask> and Shi disliked each other. In <mask>'s inner circle, a major concern was that Shi would seek aid from the Khitan in a rebellion.<mask> and L advocated entering into a peace treaty with the Khitan by returning the officers that later Tang captured. The chancellor supported the idea. <mask> was in favor of the treaty and had <mask> and L draft a letter to the emperor. The Khitan emperor would insist on having <mask>'s daughter marry him or his son. One day after changing his mind, <mask> summoned <mask> and L to rebuke them. They apologized profusely and were spared, but their proposal was not considered again. Although <mask> remained part of the inner circle, <mask> distanced himself from L.<mask> considered moving Shi to another circuit. Prior to L's departure from his inner circle, the then-chief of staff was against that idea. One night, when <mask> was not on duty, <mask> was alone and he argued that having Shi rebel earlier was better than having him rebel later. <mask> agreed.

masks:
Li Siyuan
Li Song
Li Song
Li Siyuan
Li Congro
Li Congke
Li Conghou
Li Song
Li Congke
Li Congke
Li Congke
Li Song
Li Congke
Li Song
Li Congke
Li Congke
Li Song
Li Song
Li Congke
Li Congke
Li Song
Li Congke
Li Congke


title: Li Song (politician)

texts: He moved Shi from Hedong to the Tianping Circuit. Shi rebelled and sought help from Taizong. The Later Tang army <mask> sent was defeated by the joint forces of Emperor Taizong and the general.The deputy ofZhang was killed by him. They advanced south after Emperor Taizong declared Shi the emperor of a new Later Jin. <mask> committed suicide with his family, ending Later Tang. Later Tang territory was taken over by Shi. <mask> and L Qi hid among the people at Yijue during Shi Jingtang's reign. This was discovered by Shi. He respected L for what he believed to be L's correct recommendation to <mask> to enter into a peace treaty with the Khitan, and restored both of them to governmental positions.<mask> was made the deputy minister of defense and put in charge of taxation. He promoted <mask> to be the deputy head of the legislative bureau as well as chancellor. He was made the chief of staff. Fan had rebelled against Shi earlier in the year and this displeased the two men who wanted to be chief of staff. The petition argued that chancellors should not be chiefs of staff. Sang and <mask> were removed as chiefs of staff. The additional title of minister of public works was given to <mask>.In 941, Shi made his general, who was the commander of the imperial guards, the military governor of Hedong. The emperor's brother-in-law Du Chongwei succeeded him at the recommendation of <mask> and the chancellor. It was said that the two of them resented each other. Shi was anticipating a rebellion by the

masks:
Li Congke
Li Congke
Li Song
Li Congke
Li Song
Li Song
Li Song
Li Song
Li Song


title: Li Song (politician)

texts: military governor of Chengde when <mask> accompanied him to Yedu. While <mask> was at Yedu, his father died and he left governmental service to observe a mourning period, but Shi immediately recalled him to the imperial government. The heir to the throne was the nephew of the emperor who died in the summer of 941. One immediate question was how the Later Jin court would report this news to Emperor Taizong, who had changed his state's name from Khitan to Liao by this point.Shi Jingtang referred to Emperor Taizong as the "Father emperor" while submitting to <mask>o as a subject. The officials wanted Shi Chonggui to refer to himself as a subject in his report. The general, who supported Shi Chonggui's ascendency and who was made a chancellor as well, was against the idea of him writing a letter to show equality between the states. <mask> said that this would lead to war between the two states. Shi Chonggui agreed with Jing after no one took a position. Emperor Taizong angrily responded, "How do you dare to take the throne without first reporting to me?" There was a war between Later Jin and Liao that was caused by the rudeness of the response written by Jing.The army's effectiveness in battles against <mask> was said to be enabled by Sang Weihan's control of the army with discipline. The brother-in-law and another associate of Shi's disliked Sang and often insulted him. Shi did not remove Sang at the request of <mask> and <mask>. The chief of staff was made to divide Sang's power. Sang was made

masks:
Li
Li
Lia
Li
Liao
Li Song
Liu Xu


title: Li Song (politician)

texts: the mayor of Kaifeng in late 955 after Shi removed him as chief of staff and chancellor. <mask> was made chief of staff to replace Sang in that capacity, while Zhao Ying was made full chancellor to replace Sang in that capacity. Emperor Taizong created a trap for Later Jin.Rumors were spread that ZhaoYanshou was going to defect to Later Jin. The military governor of Tianxiong wrote a secret letter to Zhao to see if he intended to defect. As part of Emperor Taizong's plan, he wanted to defect along with his Lulong Circuit, which was located in Beijing and had previously been Later Tang territory. A large army would be launched, commanded by Du, with <mask>zhen serving as his deputy. This was opposed by Zhao Ying, who believed that Du was not trustworthy due to his unthankful nature. As Du's army approached Liao territory, it was met by a large, highly mobile Liao army commanded by Emperor Taizong. It was encircled by the Liao army at the Zhongdu Bridge.Du and <mask> surrendered with their army after Emperor Taizong made a promise to have Du made emperor. Kaifeng was left defenseless as the entire Later Jin imperial army was under Du's command. Later Jin ended with Shi Chonggui surrendering. After Kaifeng's fall to Liao, Shi Chonggui and his family were put under house arrest by the Liao general, who was once a sub of Du Wei's. <mask> found excuses not to go when Shi requested the presence of both him and <mask>o. Taizong claimed to be the emperor of China as well. Emperor Taizong made <mask> a

masks:
Li Song
Li Shou
Li Shouzhen
Li Song
Li Yanta
Li Song


title: Li Song (politician)

texts: chief of staff, and also gave him the title Taizi Taishi, because he was recommended for his talent by two people.The emperor said that he gained nothing by destroying the southern dynasty. After realizing that Emperor Taizong had no intention of making him emperor of China, <mask> requested that he be made crown prince. Emperor Taizong refused the request because he wanted the Crown Prince to be a son of the emperor. Many Han rebellions overtook the territory after Emperor Taizong allowed the ethnic Khitan soldiers to pillage the Central Plains region. After dealing with the rebellions, he decided to leave his brother-in-law Xiao Han in charge at Kaifeng and head back to Liao's main territory. He died near Chengde's capital Heng Prefecture after falling ill on the way. In the aftermath of Emperor Taizong's death, Zhao wanted to seize what remained of Liao-controlled former Later Jin territory, but not wanting to yet break with <mask>o, he only claimed that Emperor Taizong left an edict authorizing him to oversee the southern court.At the same time, the generals at Heng were secretly meeting and agreeing to support the nephew of Emperor Taizong as the new emperor. The officials and generals would bow to him in a semi-imperial ascension ceremony that was unaware of this development. It was uncertain whether the generals would agree, so <mask> persuaded him not to hold the ceremony. The Khitan army would have overrun the ceremony and killed everyone present if <mask> had not talked Zhao out of

masks:
Li Song
Lia
Li Song
Li Song


title: Li Song (politician)

texts: holding it. He became Emperor Shizong. The mother of both Emperor Taizong and his father, Yel Bei, wanted another son of hers, Yel <mask>, to succeed to the throne. Emperor Shizong headed back to Liao's main territory to engage his grandmother's army, along with the rest of the captured Han army, as well as most of the Han officials.Yel Mada mistreated the people of the region. When Emperor Shizong sent emissaries to summon Feng, He, and <mask> to join him for Emperor Taizong's funeral, the Han soldiers decided to revolt. The battle initially did not go well for the Han mutineers, but the official <mask>u persuaded Feng, <mask>, and He to appear at the battle. The Han soldiers were greatly improved when they saw the chancellors, and eventually defeated the Yel Mada soldiers, who fled back to Liao territory. In the aftermath of the battle, the city became controlled by the officer Bai Zairong, who had the soldiers surround <mask>'s and He's residences, demanding treasury. Bai considered killing <mask> and He to prevent reprisals, but <mask>u talked him out of it, pointing out that the new emperor had established Later Han and taken over the Central Plains by this point. Bai did not kill them.During Later Han After the Heng mutiny, <mask>, along with other people, returned to Kaifeng to submit to the emperor. In <mask>'s case, Taizi Taifu was the only honorific title he was given. By this point, Su Yugui and Su Fengji were chancellors, and by this point, both of them had been awarded mansions by

masks:
Lihu
Li Song
Li G
Li Song
Li Song
Li Song
Li G
Li Song
Li Song


title: Li Song (politician)

texts: <mask>, who believed that both <mask> and <mask>i had turned their loyalty over to <mask>. All of the precious items that <mask> had collected over the years were seized by Su Fengji. After <mask>'s return to Later Han, he knew that he lacked allies at the Later Han court, so he was carefully dealing with the new powerful Later Han officials. However, his brothers <mask> and <mask> were not as careful, and, as they were colleagues at the Later Han court with Su Fengji's brothers and sons, they were occasionally drinking together, and they made such statements as, "You seized our houses and savings!" Su Fengji was worried about <mask>.Su was displeased when <mask> offered the mansions to him instead of being soothed. There was a time when <mask> tried to get Ge to return the funds that he had been stealing from him. Ge and <mask> decided to accuse <mask> of treason. Su put <mask> under arrest. After being tortured, <mask> wrote out a confession in which he implicated himself, <mask> and <mask>, as well as his nephew Wang Ning, of being involved in a rebellion at Kaifeng. <mask> admitted that he could not escape. His family was executed, and the people were sad for them.There are notes about the Old History of the Five Dynasties. There are 106. The new history of the five Dynasties. 57. There are three vols. 281,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, There were unknown politicians who were executed by Later Han (Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms) and people who were executed by a Five Dynasties and Ten

masks:
Liu
Li Song
Li Yugu
Liao
Li Song
Li Song
Li Yu
Li Yi
Li Song
Li Song
Li Yu
Li Cheng
Li Yu
Li Song
Li Yu
Li Song
Li Yi
Li Song


title: Umberto Klinger

texts: On January 26, 1971 in Venice, <mask> died. During the First World War, a volunteer in the Alpini assault troop Arditi was involved in the Fiume Exploit event. He wasAppointed by Italo Balbo, the Italian Air Minister from 1929 to 1933, and chaired and organized the first Italian airline flag company. The senior pilot officer of the reserve in World War II was decorated with five silver medals for his exploits. He was the Chief of Staff of the Special Air Service. The Officine Aeronautiche di Venezia was reconstructed after the conflict. Four air companies of which two foreigners were organized by him.He was part of a small group of associates of Balbo, including the journalist Nello Quilici and the Jewish lawyer Renzo Ravenna. He was Federal Secretary of the city and participated in the economic reconstruction of the province of Ferrara. The merger of six private companies resulted in the creation of the first Italian flag airline with public capital. <mask> was an elected deputy in the Legislature in 1934 and was involved in civil aviation issues, particularly on the delays in the organization of a trans-Atlantic link recommended by Balbo before taking up the post of Governor of Libya. He oversaw the expansion of his air company Mediterranean and Northern European networks and the implementation of regular trade links between the mother country and the colonies in the Horn of Africa and the African continent. The double crossing of the Atlantic Ocean was made in view

masks:
Umberto Klinger
Klinger


title: Umberto Klinger

texts: of the launch of regular lines with Latin America. As part of the project, experts were sent to Salt Island in the archipelago of Cape Verde to study the possibility of installing an intermediate stop.<mask> received five silver medals, one of which was given "on the field", for his service in the Second World War. The first war air link was between Ethiopia and Duke Amedeo of Aosta. Air routes for the supply of Italian East Africa could not be established because of the closing of the Suez Canal. The appointment of the Chief of Staff of the Special Air Service who had the task of supplying the Italian troops in Tunisia was followed by the command of 114o Independent Group of Terrestrial Bombers. An experienced pilot, <mask> had over 4,600 flying hours at the controls of different types of aircraft. After the end of WWII, <mask> accepted an invitation from the Municipal Administration of Venice and the new Italian Government to buy out and rebuild the Aeronautical Workshops of Venice Lido, which were destroyed by the retreating Germans. The Officine Aeronavali di Venezia was founded by him and his brother.Its customers became main Italian and foreign companies, public and private, attracted by the Workshops' ability to restructure large aircraft. The Egyptian S.A.I.D.E., the Lebanon LIA, and the Italians Aeralpi were all organized by Umberto. The venetian enterprise had relations with major American companies. <mask> and Goodlin established an effective collaboration

masks: Klinger Umberto Klinger Klinger


title: Umberto Klinger

texts: after Goodlin settled at the Lido. The inability to meet its obligations to its employees resulted in a financial crisis for the company in the late 1960s. <mask> committed suicide on January 26, 1971. The day before he went to Rome he was unable to pay the salaries of 500 Aeronavali workers who had gone on strike.In a matter of weeks, the requested resources came in after the gesture raised a stir. The Lido promenade that borders the Venice-Lido Airport has been renamed in his honor by the city of Venice. B. "Klinger Fondatore dell'Ala Littoria". Organo ufficiale dei Paracadutisti d'Italia. There is a person named Roma Genn. 1992.Delisi. B. In 1940–1943, there was an un manager in Guaerra. Lido di Oggi Lido di Allora. Delisi B., Balbo, <mask>, and the rest of the bandiera italiana were present at the nascita di Italo Balbo. Lido di Venezia 22 settembre 1991 is a cura di. The Edizioni Serigraf was published in 1996.De Marchi I. Rivista Aeronautica Roma n.1 1992 Delisi is named after <mask> <mask>. B. "La linea Italiana dell'Atlantico The catalogo della Mostra Le Ali della Rondine was published in 1992. "S.A.S." Gribaudo wrote "I Servizi Aerei Speciali della Regia Aeronautica 1940–1943".Delisi B<mask> was a doctor. Giorgio Apostolo Ed. said "Un Eroe Veneziano, <mask> <mask> e I suoi aeroplani". The city of Milano in 2010. Risk Quaderni di Geostrategia Roma, Novembre- Dicembre 2010, was written by Arpino M. There are 1900 births and 1971 deaths of Italian

masks:
Klinger
Klinger
Umberto
Klinger
. Klinger
Umberto
Klinger


title: Allen Paulson

texts: <mask> was an American businessman. <mask><mask> was born in Clinton, Iowa, but moved to California in 1937 to pursue a career in aviation. He worked on a dairy farm to make ends meet. He worked as an entry-level mechanic for TWA after finishing high school. He studied engineering at the University of West Virginia after serving in the Army Air Corps. He used his GI Bill to get his pilot's license after returning to TWA as a flight engineer. He started flying for TWA.He used his TWA travel privileges to fly to Chicago to buy cars that he would drive back to California to sell. He was transporting a lot of vehicles with his van. He formed his own company in 1951 after leaving TWA, buying surplus Wright R3350 engines from Boeing and selling the parts to airlines. In 1955, he purchased his first aircraft for resale, stripping the aircraft for parts and scrapping the rest, and then rebuilding it out of the parts of several other aircraft. The first three airplanes he bought were from Convair. He bought all of TWA's Martin 404s. He sold them to corporate airplanes.The California Airmotive Corp. became one of the largest dealers of second-hand aircraft in the world. In the 70's and 80's, he had at one time 35 Lockheed Constellations of various models, 22 Douglas DC 6s and DC-7s and 4 other airliners in storage at Fox Field in Lancaster, California, not to mention other aircraft at other airfields such as Burbank. West Coast Airmotive Corporation was a subsidiary company. The Pacific Airmotive Corp. at Burbank was bought out by <mask>. The company that rebuilt the Constellations converted them to

masks:
Allen Eugene Paulson
Allen E
. Paulson
Allen Paulson


title: Allen Paulson

texts: company to Chrysler for $637 million.The Clarence E. Page Memorial Trophy was given to him by the Oklahoma Air and Space Hall of Fame. In 1990, with the assistance of Forstmann Little & Company, <mask> purchased all 25 million shares of Gulfstream's common stock from Chrysler, an investment of $825 million. His shares in the company were purchased by Forstmann Little after he announced his retirement. Thirty-five international records for around-the-world flight in a Gulfstream IV aircraft were set in 1990. In 1992 he was inducted into the Georgia Aviation Hall of Fame after being named the world's outstanding aviator. The Award for Meritorious Service to Aviation was one of the awards <mask><mask> received. He owned many automotive dealerships in Beverly Hills, California, in the early 1990s.He opened a Lexus dealership in Beverly Hills after buying the Ford, Cadillac, Lincoln-Mercury, and Rolls-Royce franchises. In 1993, he and his wife Madeleine bought the Del Mar Country Club in Rancho Santa Fe, California. He was a force in racing in North America and France. Estrapade, the 1986 Eclipse Award winner as American Champion Female Turf Horse, was his first American Champion in racing. He paid Sheikh Mohammed $9 million for a half interest in Arazi, the 1991 European Horse of the Year. He did not live to see Azeri compete, but his son, Michael, ran her over three championship seasons for his father's trust. The most famous American horse was U.S.A darling of race fans and the media, Cigar was voted Eclipse Award as American Horse of the Year in 1995 and 1996 while winning a record 16

masks:
Paulson
Allen E
. Paulson


title: Allen Paulson

texts: straight races. More than 115 winners of graded stakes races were owned by <mask>. His horses won a record eight Breeders' Cup races and earned him more purse money than any other stable owner. He won the American Eclipse Award for Outstanding Owner in 1995 and 1996, the Eclipse Award for Outstanding Breeder in 1993 and the Eclipse Award of Merit in 1996. During his 17 years in the business, <mask> earned nearly 20 'Eclipse Awards', including two Hall of Fame horses, Azeri and Cigar. The 'Breeders' Cup' champion horses and earnings are still owned by <mask>. In 1994 he became chairman and CEO of Full House Resorts after buying a stake in the company.He was the company's leader until his death. The Gold River casino in Nevada was paid an estimated $28 million for the bankrupt property's $90 million in debt in 1997. He agreed to buy the Riviera and Four Queens casinos in Las Vegas for $304 million, but later canceled the deal due to insufficient financial information. The Allen E. Paulson College of Engineering and Information Technology is named after him because of his company's support of Georgia Southern University. <mask><mask> died of cancer in 2000 at the age of 78. He is buried at the Forest Lawn Memorial Park. The Allen E. Paulson College of Science and Technology is located at Georgia Southern University.Donald J. Porter. The company is called McFarland Company, Inc. Ajet-powered-life 1922 births 2000 deaths American aerospace engineers American aviation businesspeople United States Army personnel of World War II American racehorse owners and breeders from Iowa Burials at Forest

masks:
Allen Paulson
Paulson
Paulson
Allen E
. Paulson


title: Farid Mansour (artist)

texts: He was a sculptor and painter. The Italian artist Fernando Manetti was a mentor to the young <mask> when he was a student at the ALBA. After years of looking for financial stability, <mask> moved to Liberia. He returned to his homeland in the mid 1950s to pursue his artistic career. In 1961, Manetti invited <mask> to go to Italy to study in his town of San Gimignano, where he continued his studies until 1963. After one year in Paris, he returned to Lebanon. He went to London in 1969 to study sculpting and painting at the City and Guilds of London Arts School.He worked in the Greco-Roman department of the British Museum from 1974 to 1976 and in the Pharaonic department from 1974 to 1976 as a sculptor. In 1977 he was offered British citizenship, however he decided not to continue with the procedures out of fear that the war in his homeland would cause severe political and geographical disrupt, and that when he returns at a later date he would find his country not the country he once knew. He returned to his homeland to take part in the changes taking place. He lived through the various phases of the war in Lebanon, including the bombing and shelling. During and after the Lebanon war, his artworks were influenced by tragic events and humanitarian issues. The need for change towards a better future was embodied in many of his artworks. He taught arts and painting at the university.He died in Lebanon in 2010 at the age of 81, leaving behind an artistic heritage ranging between various painting schools. Many sculptures of different topics and techniques were left behind by him. In October of last year, a documentary about

masks:
Farid Mansour
Mansour
Mansour


title: Farid Mansour (artist)

texts: the artist was broadcasted on the official TV station of Lebanon. Montada Insan, president of the Lebanon Artists Association, was honored by the Syndicate of the Lebanese Artists for organizing a tribute to <mask> <mask> in his town of Choueifat. Various painting and sculpting techniques were mastered by <mask>. Manetti's artwork could be divided into four phases: 1950s to mid 1960s: Experimenting with various painting techniques influenced by the tutoring of Manetti himself. Nature, Still Life paintings, and portraits were the main subjects of his artwork during this period.His paintings show that he was experimenting with oil. During his stay in Europe, mainly in the UK, he mastered oil painting. The majority of his works are influenced by 19th and 20th century British artists. He worked at the Madame Tussauds museum and mastered various sculpting techniques. The war in Lebanon erupted during this time. The atrocities of the war greatly influenced <mask>. His works mirrored violent events.His paintings show the intense emotions reflected on the faces of his subjects as well as the scenery of war and destruction. There was a tendency to shift from oil to pastels and charcoal as well as water colors in his paintings during this phase. During a period of instability and continuous move to shelters, oil paintings would take a longer time to finish. He was forced to use whatever he could get his hands on at that time. Dramatic events were reflected in his sculptures. He was longing for an equal, free and prosperous society. After the end of the Lebanon war, <mask> was devastated by the long years of civil war and

masks: Farid Mansour Mansour Mansour Mansour


title: Farid Mansour (artist)

texts: foreign occupations of his country.After a fierce civil war shattered his utopian vision of a just and equal society, he was in a state of despair and depression. He worked only with pastels, crayons and water colors, as if he was trying to forget the impact of the war. Fauvism uses bright colors in his paintings and blends them together to focus on nature and people working their land. One of his most striking sculptures is "Moments before the hanging", which is an apt description for the aura of terror that comes from the man's face as he is about to be hanged. The piece is thought to have been stolen during one of the wars in Lebanon. An 8-year-old child was forced by her parents to work as a maid in one of the artist's neighbors' houses to serve as an additional source of income. A highly humanitarian person who is very sympathetic to the issues of the vulnerable, was touched by the incident and decided to pay tribute to the child with a stunning portrait.The deep emotional state of the person being painted would be reflected in most of his works. In this painting, you can see a powerful, defiant and piercing look in Samira's eyes reflecting a feeling of revolution. A student at a university in Lebanon was injured when a bomb hit the campus. The student's face was reflected by <mask>. The American University of Beirut, West Hall, and the Soviet Cultural Center were all featured in solo exhibitions. Graham died on April 20, 1989. Art Survives Shot And Shell To Reach London.The AP News Archive. There are photos and biographies of Dr. Ziad Abu-Faraj. The Artist's View 1989 is a book by the British Lebanon


title: Victor E. Renuart Jr.

texts: A retired United States Air Force four-star general is <mask> "Gene<mask>. From March 23, 2007, to May 19, 2010, he was the commander of the United States Northern Command and North American Aerospace Defense Command. He was the director of strategic plans and policy for the Joint Staff. On July 1, 2010, <mask> retired from the Air Force after 39 years of service. Renuart joined the United States Air Force after graduating from Indiana University. He attended undergraduate pilot training after being commissioned through the officer training school. He commanded a fighter squadron, a NATO support group and a fighter wing.During Operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm, he was the commander of the 76th Fighter Squadron and the director of plans for the NATO Combined Air Operations Center. He commanded the Joint Task Force - Southwest Asia and 9th Air and Space Expeditionary Task Force - Southwest Asia at Eskan Village in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Renuart was the director of operations at Headquarters, United States Central Command (USCENTCOM) at MacDill AFB, Florida, where he oversaw the planning and execution. He was in charge of Air Force and Air Component Commander activities for the commander of the United States Pacific Command. He flew missions in Desert Storm, Deny Flight, Northern Watch and Southern Watch. Renuart was the senior military assistant to the Secretary of Defense and the director of strategic plans and policy for the Joint Staff. He provided strategic intelligence, policy guidance and planning focus to develop and execute the National Military Strategy in support of worldwide national security operations, politico-military affairs, international negotiations and organizational issues through coordination with the combatant commands, the services, OSD, defense agencies.Flight hours: More than 3,800, including 60 combat missions, including T-37, T-38, AT-38, A-10, F-16, F-15, C-130/HC-130 and HH-60 Major awards and decorations

masks:
Victor Eugene
" Renuart Jr
Renuart


title: Albemarle Cady

texts: The United States Army officer who served in the Second Seminole War, Mexican–American War, First Sioux War and the American Civil War was named <mask>. He was a lieutenant colonel during the Civil War. The District of Oregon was one of the administrative positions he held in the Department of the Pacific. He served in the Mexican–American War and the Civil War. He retired from the Regular Army as a colonel. The United States Senate confirmed the appointment of <mask> as a brevet brigadier general in the Regular Army on July 26, 1865. On February 15, 1807, <mask> was born in New Hampshire.He graduated from the military academy. He became a cadet at the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York, on July 1, 1824. He was appointed brevet second lieutenant in the 6th United States Infantry Regiment on the same day he graduated from the US Military Academy. <mask> was stationed at Jefferson Barracks Military Post on the same duty as when he was stationed at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. He worked as an engineer during the 18th century. <mask> was promoted to first lieutenant on December 31, 1836. <mask> was once again on frontier duty in Louisiana.On July 7, he was promoted to captain. <mask> served in the Second Seminole War. He returned to frontier duty in the Indian Territory in the late 19th century. <mask> fought in the Mexican–American War. He was involved in the Battle of Cerro Gordo, the Skirmish of Amazoque, the Capture of San Antonio, and the Battle of Churubusco. One hundred U.S. soldiers were repulsed at the Battle of Molino del Rey by Captain <mask>, who commanded one of the five parties. <mask> was appointed brevet major for his conduct in the Battle of Molino del Rey.<mask> was a member of the Aztec Club, a military society of officers who served with the United States Army in the Mexican–American War. After the

masks:
Albemarle Cady
Cady
Albemarle Cady
Cady
Cady
Cady
Cady
Cady
Cady
Cady
Cady


title: Albemarle Cady

texts: Mexican–American War, <mask> was assigned to garrison duty at Jefferson Barracks Military Post, Missouri, and Fort Scott, Kansas. He returned to frontier duty at Fort Scott, Kansas, in 1850–1852, then Fort Riley, Kansas, in 1856, and finally on the Santa Fe Route in 1854. <mask> was promoted to major in January of 1854. <mask> returned to frontier duty after garrison duty at Jefferson Barracks. He was part of the expedition. He commanded five companies of the Sixth U.S. Infantry at the Battle of Blue Water in Dakota Territory.The U.S. force killed 86 people, including women and children, and took 70 prisoners, mostly women and children, while losing 27 men. In response to the Grattan massacre, the attack on the Sioux was a "punitive expedition". <mask> was in charge of Fort Pierre in the 19th century. He was in charge of the General Recruiting Service from July 1, 1856 to June 30, 1856. He was on frontier duty at Fort Yuma in the 1860s. Camp <mask> was a United States Army camp that was located in San Bernardino County, California. Camp <mask> was named after Major <mask> by his friend Major James H. Carleton.The American Civil War <mask> was promoted to lieutenant colonel. <mask> was in command of the District of Oregon from October 23, 1861 to April 7, 1862. He was on sick leave and waiting for orders. He was on duty at San Francisco from November to January 1863. <mask> was the acting Inspector-General of the Department of the Pacific from January 29, 1863 to July 31, 1863. He was before the Retiring Board in Delaware from July 31, 1863 to February 6, 1864. <mask> was promoted to colonel on October 20, 1863.<mask> was retired from active service in the U.S. Army on May 18, 1864, due to disability, which resulted from long and faithful service and exposure to disease in the line of duty. <mask> commanded the draft rendezvous at New Haven,

masks: Cady Cady Cady Cady Cady Cady Cady Cady Cady Cady Cady Cady Cady


title: Albemarle Cady

texts: Connecticut, from March 4, 1864 to October 25, 1865. <mask> was out of work from October 25, 1865 to December 18, 1865. President Andrew Johnson nominated <mask> for appointment as a brevet brigadier general in the Regular Army, to rank from March 13, 1865, for long and faithful service to the Army. The appointment was confirmed by the United States Senate. <mask> was on a Court of Inquiry in New York City from December to March 1867. <mask> died at New Haven, Connecticut at the age of 81.He is buried in New Hampshire. There is a list of American Civil War brevet generals. "The Sixth Regiment of Infantry" was located in Rodenbough, Theophilus F., and William L. Haskin. Historical sketches of staff and line with portraits of generals-in-chief are included in The Army of the United States. Maynard, Merrill, and Co. was in New York. 487–499. March 21, 2020.The Register of Officers and Graduates of the United States Military Academy was created by George W. Revised and extended. There is a new edition of Vol. 1. Boston and New York: Houghton, Mifflin and Company. The information was retrieved on April 21, 2018, at http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Gazetteer/Places/America/United-States/Army/USMA/Cullums. Stanford University Press, 2001.Major James Carleton was in the Wild West in 2001. Heitman, Francis B. From September 29, 1789 to March 2, 1903, there was a Historical Register and Dictionary of the United States Army. There is a new edition of Vol. One of the two volumes. The U.S. Government Printing Office was founded in 1903. Brevet Generals in Blue were Roger D. and Jack R. Brown.The Encyclopedia of Historic Forts: The Military, Pioneer, and Trading Posts of the United States was written by Robert B. Roberts. The deaths of American military personnel of the Mexican–American War, the Indian Wars, and the American Civil War took place in

masks: Cady Cady Cady Cady


title: Alexander von Humboldt

texts: <mask> was a German polymath, explorer, and proponent of Romantic philosophy and science. He was the younger brother of the philosopher and linguist. The foundation for the field of biogeography was laid by <mask>'s quantitative work on botanical geography. Modern meteorological and geomagnetic monitoring can be traced back to the advocacy of long-term systematic geophysical measurement by <mask>. For the first time in a modern Western scientific point of view, <mask> explored and described the Americas in the 19th century. The journey was described in several volumes over the course of 21 years. South America and Africa were once joined by the lands bordering the Atlantic Ocean.The word cosmos was resurrected from the ancient Greek and assigned to his multivolume treatise, Kosmos, in which he sought to unify diverse branches of scientific knowledge and culture. The work motivated a view of the universe as one interacting entity. He was the first person to describe the phenomenon and cause of climate change. <mask> <mask> was born in Berlin in 1769. He was christened as a baby with the help of the Duke of Brunswick. <mask> <mask> was a member of a prominent Pomeranian family. He was a major in the army and had served with the duke.<mask> was given the post of royal chamberlain at the age of 42. He made money from the lease of state lotteries and tobacco sales. He married the daughter of a general. <mask> married Maria Elisabeth Colomb, a well-educated woman and widow of Baron Hollwede, with whom she had a son. <mask> and Maria were the parents of a daughter who died young and two sons. Her first born son, a ne'er do well, was <mask>'s half-brother. <mask>'s death left his brothers in the care of

masks:
Friedrich Alexander von Humboldt
Humboldt
Humboldt
Humboldt
Alexander von
Humboldt
Alexander von
Humboldt
Alexander Georg
Alexander Georg
Alexander
Alexander
Alexander Georg


title: Alexander von Humboldt

texts: their distant mother.Marcus Herz and Carl Ludwig Willdenow were hired by her to tutor <mask> and his older brother. They were supposed to become civil servants of the state. <mask>'s explorations were funded by the money Baron Holwede left to <mask>'s mother. <mask> was given the title of "the little apothecary" because of his penchant for collecting and labeling plants, shells, and insects. <mask> studied finance for six months in 1787 at the University of Frankfurt (Oder), which his mother might have chosen less for its academic excellence than its proximity to their home in Berlin. He graduated from the University of Gttingen on 25 April 1789. His brother was a student at Gttingen, but they didn't interact much because of their different interests.His interests were fully developed by this time. At the University of Gttingen, he met Steven Jan van Geuns, a Dutch student of medicine, who was travelling to the Rhine in the fall of 1789 with Captain James Cook. TheMineralogic Observations on Several Basalts on the River Rhine was written by <mask> in 1790. After travelling to Mainz again in 1790, the two of them embarked on a journey to England, the Netherlands, and France. In England, he met Sir Joseph Banks, president of the Royal Society, who had traveled with Captain Cook. The scientific friendship between Banks and <mask> lasted until Banks's death in 1820, and the two shared botanical specimen for study. The scientific contacts of Banks were used to aid the work of <mask>.His passion for travel was there for a long time. The purpose of his talents was to prepare him as a scientific explorer. He studied commerce and foreign languages at the Freiberg School of Mines and the Neptunist school of

masks: Alexander Alexander Alexander Alexander Alexander Humboldt Humboldt Humboldt


title: Alexander von Humboldt

texts: geology. They were <mask> and J.G. Khler. At Freiberg, he met a number of men who were important to him in his later career, including a Spaniard who became the director of the School of Mines in Mexico. <mask> did not attend his brother's wedding.After graduating from the Freiberg School of Mines, he was appointed to a government position in the Department of Mines as an inspector in Bayreuth and the Fichtel mountains. In his first year at the job, he produced more gold than the previous eight years. During his time as a mine inspector, he showed his concern for the men laboring in the mines. He opened a free school for miners, paid for out of his own pocket, which became an unchartered government training school for labor. He wanted to set up an emergency relief fund for miners. The publication of Aphorismi ex Doctrina, Physiologiae Chemicae Plantarum, which was a compendium of his botanical researches, was the result of his research into the vegetation of the mines of Freiberg. The publication brought him to the attention of Goethe, who was interested in meeting the young scientist to discuss metamorphism of plants.The introduction was arranged by the brother of the man. Goethe's theories on comparative anatomy were extensive. He believed that animals had an internal force, an urform, that gave them a basic shape and then they were further adapted to their environment by an external force. He was urged to publish his theories. The two talked about and expanded these ideas. They became close friends. In the years that followed, he often returned to Jena.Goethe told friends that he had never met anyone who was so versatile. The inspiration for Goethe came from <mask>'s drive. In 1797, he came

masks:
von Zach
Alexander
Humboldt


title: Alexander von Humboldt

texts: back to Jena for three months. Goethe moved from his residence in Weimar to Jena. They conducted their own experiments after attending university lectures. One experiment involved hooking up a frog leg. After the frog leg jumped off the table, they found no effect.One of his favorite experiments was when he was breathing life into the leg. A farmer and his wife were killed by a storm. The corpses were obtained and analyzed at the university. The famous group of intellectuals and cultural leaders of Weimar Classicism admitted <mask>. The key figures were Goethe and Schiller. The Life Force, or the Rhodian Genius, is a philosophical allegory that was contributed to Die Horen. He tried to summarize the often conflicting results of the thousands of Galvanic experiments he had undertaken in this short piece.In 1795, he made a geological and botanical tour through Switzerland and Italy. He rose rapidly to the highest post in his department, but he was also given several important diplomatic missions because of his service to the state, even though he was only an apprenticeship to the service of science. The funeral of their mother was attended by neither brother. One correspondent wrote of his dislike for his mother after she died, "her death must be particularly welcomed by you". He waited for an opportunity to fulfill his dream of travel after severing his official connections. He was able to spend more time on his research. Experiments on Stimulated Muscle and Nerve Fibres, enriched in the French translation, was published by him in 1797.He sought a ship on a major expedition to fund his scientific travels. He went to Paris to live with his brother. His brother and sister-in-law were connected to


title: Alexander von Humboldt

texts: Paris, which was a great center of scientific learning. The French revolutionary Directoire placed Nicolas Baudin at the head of the expedition rather than the aging scientific traveler. On the postponement of Captain Baudin's proposed voyage of circumnavigation due to continuing warfare in Europe, <mask> was deeply disappointed. He picked the scientific instruments for his voyage. He had a chance to meet Aimé Bonpland, the physician for the voyage.French authorities refused to allow the two to travel to Egypt, even though they wanted to join Napoleon Bonaparte there. Their luck changed spectacularly when they found their way to Madrid. The German representative at the royal Bourbon court aided in obtaining the Spanish royal authorization to travel to Spain's realm in the Americas. Baron Forell was interested in mineralogy and was willing to help. The Bourbon Reforms wanted to reform their economies. The Spanish Enlightenment was in bloom. The Bourbon revolution in government and the Spanish Enlightenment created ideal conditions for his venture.The Bourbon monarchy had authorized and funded several expeditions, including the Malaspina expedition. These were state-sponsored enterprises to gather information about plants and animals from the Spanish realm, assess economic possibilities, and provide plants and seeds for the Royal Botanical Garden in Madrid. The expeditions took artists and scientists who created visual images as well as written observations to collect seeds and plants. Crown officials as early as 1779 issued and distributed Instructions concerning the most secure and economic means to transport live plants by land and sea from the most distant countries, with illustrations,


title: Alexander von Humboldt

texts: new jurisdiction, but it wasn't published until 1806. The valley of Aragua was the location of export crops of sugar, coffee, cacao, and cotton. As world demand for chocolate rose, cocoa plantations were the most profitable. It is here that he came up with his idea of climate change. The desiccation was blamed for the rapid fall in the water level of Lake Valencia. With clear cutting of trees, the agriculturalists were removing the woodland's "threefold" influence upon temperature: cooling shade, evaporation and radiation. He discovered the oilbird at the Gucharo cavern after visiting the mission at Caripe.The spring of the good priest was described. On the night of 11–12 November, there was a remarkable meteor shower. He went with Bonpland to Venezuela, where he climbed a mount with a young poet who later became the leader of independence in northern South America. He spent time with the Bolvar in Rome after meeting him in Paris. Bolvar's admiration for <mask>'s production of new knowledge on Spanish America does not support the supposition that he inspired Bolvar to participate in the struggle for independence. In February 1800, Bonpland and <mask> left the coast to explore the course of the Orinoco River. The aim of this trip was to establish the existence of the Casiquiare canal, a communication between the water systems of the rivers Orinoco and Amazon.The existence of this existence had been established decades before, but his expedition had the important results of determining the exact position of the bifurcation, and documenting the life of several native tribes such as the Maipures and the Atures. The electric eels were discovered around 19 March 1800. In order to catch them, locals

masks: Humboldt Humboldt


title: Alexander von Humboldt

texts: suggested that they drive wild horses into the river, which resulted in a violent confrontation of horses and eels, some of which died. Both Bonpland and <mask> received potentially dangerous electric shocks during their investigations. The encounter made him think more deeply about electricity and magnetism, typical of his ability to generalize from an observation to more general principles. Personal Narrative, Views of Nature, and Aspects of Nature were all written after the incident. The territory of the Maypures and the Aturs Indians were explored two months later.The myth of Walter Raleigh's Lake Parime was laid to rest by <mask>, who proposed that the seasonal flooding of the Rupununi savannah was not a lake. On November 24, 1800, the two friends set sail for Cuba, where they met John Fraser. Fraser and his son did not have a license to be in the Spanish Indies. He gave money and clothing to crown officials in Havana, as well as interceded with them. Fraser was allowed to stay in Cuba and explore. When Fraser returned from England, he was given two cases of <mask> and Bonpland's botanical specimen to send to Willdenow in Berlin. When they left Cuba for the mainland of northern South America again, they arrived there on 30 March.He was the second discoverer of Cuba due to his research on this Spanish colony. During his initial three-month stay at Havana, his first task was to survey the surrounding areas. He befriended Francisco de Arango y Parreo, a Cuban landowner, and they visited the area in south Havana, the valleys of Matanzas Province, and the Valley of the Sugar Mills. The first frontier of sugar production was in those three areas. Statistical information on Cuba's population,

masks: Humboldt Humboldt Humboldt


title: Alexander von Humboldt

texts: production, technology and trade, as well as suggestions for enhancing them, were collected by <mask> during those trips. He predicted that the agricultural and commercial potential of Cuba could be vastly improved with proper leadership in the future. On their way back to Europe from Mexico on their way to the United States, <mask> and Bonpland stopped in Cuba and stayed there until April of 1804.He was in Cuba when he collected plant material. He spent this time socializing with his scientific friends, conducting mineralogical surveys, and finishing his collection of flora and fauna that he published as Essai politique sur l'sle de Cuba. After three months in Cuba, they returned to the mainland at Cartagena de Indias, a major center of trade in northern South America. They arrived in Bogot on July 6th, 1802, and stayed there until September 8th, 1802. He was generous with his time and gave him access to the huge pictorial record he had compiled since 1783. With other Spanish expeditions, he had access to local knowledge and a workshop of artists, who created highly accurate and detailed images. Because the images traveled, the botanists did not have to look at the specimen at a distance.When he published his first volume on botany, he dedicated it to Mutis "as a simply mark of our admiration and acknowledgement". The French sailing expedition of Baudin is currently underway, so Bonpland and <mask> hurried to Ecuador. After crossing the frozen ridges of the Cordillera Real, they reached Quito on January 6, 1802. Their stay in the country was marked by the ascent of Pichincha and the climb of Chimborazo. This was a world record for a westerner, but 1000 feet short of the summit. The expedition to


title: Alexander von Humboldt

texts: the sources of the Amazon was the last part of the journey. At Callao, the main port for Peru, he observed the transit of Mercury on 9 November and studied the properties of Guano, rich in nitrogen, the introduction of which into Europe was due to his writings.When they couldn't join a voyage to the Pacific, they left Guayaquil and headed for Mexico's west coast. Before they left for New Spain's capital on Mexico's central plateau, the captain of the vessel that brought them to Acapulco thought its location was incorrect. Accurate maps of Acapulco's location were important since it was the main west-coast port and the end of the Asian trade from the Spanish Philippines. The deep-water bay of Acapulco was surveyed to determine its location. Taxco, a silver-mining town in modern Guerrero, was where <mask> and Bonpland went after they landed in Acapulco. Cuernavaca, Morelos was visited by him in April 1803. The city was nicknamed the City of Eternal Spring because of its warm climate.The king's representative in New Spain, Don José de Iturrigaray, welcomed them to Mexico City in a letter. A special passport and letters of introduction to intendants, the highest officials in New Spain's administrative districts, were also given to him. This official aid gave him access to crown records, mines, landed estates, canals, and Mexican antiquities from the prehispanic era. The writings of the Bishop-elect of Michoacan, a classical liberal, were directed to the crown for the improvement of New Spain. They traveled to different Mexican cities in the central and northern parts of the country. The first journey was from Acapulco to Mexico City. The route was only suitable for mule train, and all along the way,


title: Alexander von Humboldt

texts: <mask> took elevation measurements.When he left Mexico a year later in 1804, from the east coast port of Veracruz, he took a similar set of measures, which resulted in a chart in the Political Essay, the physical plan of Mexico with the dangers of the road from Acapulco to Mexico City, and from Mexico City to This depiction of elevation is part of the general insistence that the data he collected be presented in a way more easily understood than statistical charts. His success in gaining a more general readership for his works was due to his understanding that "anything that has to do with extent or quantity can be represented geometrically." Statistical projections, which speak to the senses without tiring the intellect, have the advantage of bringing attention to a large number of important facts. At the time, Mexico City was the largest city in the Americas and one that could be considered modern. The capital of Mexico can be found in the scientific establishments of the United States. The Royal College of Mines, the Royal Botanical Garden and the Royal Academy of San Carlos are examples of a metropolitan capital in touch with the latest developments on the continent.One of the important creole savants in Mexico was José Antonio de Alzate y Ramrez, who died in 1799. The Valenciana silver mine in central New Spain was the most important in the Spanish empire. The bicentennial of his visit was celebrated with a conference at the University of Guanajuato, with Mexican academics highlighting various aspects of his impact on the city. He took the opportunity to study the entire mining complex as well as analyze mining statistics of its output, even though he could have simply examined the geology of


title: Alexander von Humboldt

texts: the fabulously rich mine. The strongest and best informed section of his Political Essay is his report on silver mining. He drew on mining experts in Mexico, even though he was a trained geologist and mining inspector. The head of the General Mining Court in Mexico City was Fausto Elhuyar.The director of the Royal College of Mines was one of the others. Since silver was the crown's largest source of income, the Bourbon monarchs established the mining court and the college to elevate mining as a profession. Other German mining experts were already in Mexico. The Spanish crown established fertile ground for <mask>'s investigations into mining. Spanish America's ancient civilizations were a source of interest for <mask>, who included images of Mexican manuscripts (or codices) in his richly illustrated Vues des cordillres et monuments des peuples indignes de l'Amerique. The influence of climate on the development of these civilizations was a key question. He included a color image of the Aztec calendar stone, which was discovered in the main plaza of Mexico City in 1790, in his book.He wanted to show that the images could allow the reconstruction of prehispanic history. He sought out Mexican experts in the interpretation of sources from there, especially Antonio Pichardo, who was the literary executor of Antonio de Len y Gama's work. For American-born Spaniards who were seeking sources of pride in Mexico's ancient past, the recognition of these ancient works and dissemination in his publications was a boon. He read the work of a Jesuit who was exiled and celebrated Mexico's prehispanic civilization. The prehispanic realm of Mexico and Peru were viewed as barbaric by <mask>. He drew attention to the


title: Alexander von Humboldt

texts: historical and artistic significance of indigenous monuments and artifacts. The political essay on the Kingdom of New Spain was one of his most widely read publications after his travels and investigations in Spanish America.As a result of his own investigations, as well as the generosity of Spanish colonial officials, this treatise was the result. After leaving Cuba, he decided to visit the United States. Knowing that the current U.S. president, Thomas Jefferson, was a scientist, <mask> wrote to him saying that he would be in the United States. Jefferson invited him to visit the White House in the new capital. He mentioned in his letter that he had found mammoth teeth near the Equator. According to Jefferson, mammoths had never lived so far south. He had mentioned his knowledge of New Spain.When he arrived in Philadelphia, he met with some of the major scientific figures of the era, including a chemist and anatomist, as well as a physician and a botanist. The English edition of the book on cinchona was published in 1821. After arriving in Washington D.C., he held intense discussions with Jefferson on both scientific matters and his year-long stay in New Spain. New Spain is now on the southwest border of the United States after Jefferson concluded the Louisiana Purchase. The Spanish minister in Washington, D.C. refused to give the U.S. government information about Spanish territories. Jefferson was given the latest information on the population, trade agriculture and military of New Spain. His Essay on the Political Kingdom of New Spain was based on this information.Jefferson didn't know where the border of Louisiana was, so he got a two-page report from <mask>. Jefferson referred to him as the


title: Alexander von Humboldt

texts: displayed on the map. The map was used to compare peaks. The first proof that nature was a global force was shown by the Naturgemlde. The map "marked the beginning of a new era of environmental science, not only of mountain ecology but also of global-scale biogeophysical patterns and processes." He came up with the idea of comparing the climatic conditions of different countries by drawing isothermal lines. He investigated the rate of decrease in mean temperature with the increase in elevation above sea level, the earliest clue to the detection of the more complicated law governing atmospheric disturbances in higher latitudes.This was a big contribution to the field. His discovery of the decrease in intensity of Earth's magnetic field from the poles to the equator was communicated to the Paris Institute in a memoir read by him. It was important because of the emergence of rival claims. His services to geology were based on his study of the volcanoes of the Andes and Mexico, which he observed and sketched, climbed, and measured with a variety of instruments. The basis for measuring other volcanoes in the Andes and Himalayas was established by climbing Chimborazo. He used the graphic method of geologic-cross sections to show his results visually. He showed that volcanoes fell into linear groups, presumably corresponding with vast subterranean fissures, and he contributed to the elimination of incorrect views, such as Neptunism.The template for later mapmakers in Mexico was created by <mask>, who created maps of New Spain. His careful recording of latitude and longitude led to accurate maps of Mexico, the port of Acapulco, the port of Veracruz, and the Valley of Mexico. He included schematic


title: Alexander von Humboldt

texts: the memorial of the classical liberal, enlightened Bishop-elect of Michoacn, who personally presented <mask> with his printed memorial to the Spanish crown critique of social and economic conditions and his recommendations for eliminating. One scholar says that his writings contain fanciful descriptions of America, while leaving out its inhabitants, and that the author believed that nature is perfect until man takes care of it. He neglected the human societies amidst nature. The views of indigenous peoples as'savage' or 'un important' leaves them out of the historical picture.Some scholars think that many parts of his work were dedicated to describing the conditions of slaves, indigenous peoples, mixed-race castas, and society in general. He showed his disgust for the conditions in which indigenous peoples were treated and he criticized Spanish colonial policies. He was able to record a visual record of particular places and their natural environment because he could draw well. Many of his drawings became the basis for illustrations. The basalt formations in Mexico, which was an illustration in his Vues des Cordillres, were painted by artists who followed in his footsteps. The editing and publication of the vast amount of scientific, political and archaeological material that had been collected by him during his absence from Europe was now his most urgent desire. After a short trip to Italy with Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac for the purpose of investigating the law of magnetic declination, he settled in Paris.His purpose was to get the scientific cooperation he needed to bring his work to the press. He thought he'd have two years to complete the task, but it ended up costing him twenty-one. He was one


title: Alexander von Humboldt

texts: term invented by him to designate abnormal disruptions of Earth's magnetism. He was elected president of the newly formed scientific association in Berlin on 18 September 1828 and was given the opportunity of setting on foot an extensive system of research in combination with his personal observations.The establishment of a line of magnetic and meteorological stations across northern Asia was the result of his appeal to the Russian government. The wide basis of the British dominions was secured by his letter to the Duke of Sussex, then president of the Royal Society. The scientific conspiracy of nations which is one of the noblest fruits of modern civilization was the result of his efforts. The 18th-century observations of the transits of Venus are examples of international scientific cooperation. In 1869, the 100th year of his birth, <mask>'s fame was so great that cities all over America celebrated his birth with large festivals. A bust of his head was unveiled in New York City. Some scholars theorize about the reasons for <mask>'s decline.There are three reasons for this. There is a trend towards specialization in scholarship. He connected many disciplines in his work. Academics are more and more focused on narrow fields of work. Ecological, geography, and even social sciences were combined in <mask>. There is a change in writing style. The flowery prose of <mask>'s works fell out of fashion as they were considered essential to the library in 1869.They had a "laborious picturesqueness" according to one critic. After this long journey of mine, I might be able to give happiness to people if I only knew how to describe how and what I felt. I don't know my way of writing because of the chaotic life

masks: Humboldt Humboldt Humboldt Humboldt


title: Alexander von Humboldt

texts: I lead. Heavy German immigration to the United States and World War 1 led to a rise in anti-German sentiment in the late 1800s and early 1900s. The government of West Germany planned significant celebrations on the eve of the 100th anniversary of the death of <mask>. In the 18th century, Czar Nicholas I's Russian government and the Prussian government both proposed expeditions to Russia and then again in the 19th century. He began his sixtieth year as a traveler in the interests of science.The Russian Foreign Minister invited <mask> to visit the Ural Mountains after he was contacted about the possibility of a Platinum-based currency in Russia. When silver was the standard for world currency, it was not encouraging. Since he had long dreamed of going to Asia, the invitation to visit the Urals was intriguing. He tried to get the British East India Company to authorize a trip, but it was not possible. He accepted when Russia renewed its invitation. For comparative scientific purposes, the Russians sought to entice <mask> by engaging his interest in mining sites, but also for the Russians to gain expert knowledge about their resources. The Russian monarch's promise to fund the trip was important for <mask> since he was the chamberlain of the monarch and his fortune was gone.He was given an advance of 1200 in Berlin and 20,000 in Saint Petersburg by the Russian government. He wanted to travel to Russia's border with China as well as the Urals. He intended to learn Russian so that he could read mining journals in the language. As the details of the expedition were worked out, <mask> said that he would travel to Russia in his own French coach with a German servant and a professor of chemistry and

masks: Humboldt Humboldt Humboldt Humboldt Humboldt


title: Alexander von Humboldt

texts: mineralogy. He invited Christian Ehrenberg to join the expedition to study water micro-organisms. He was interested in studying magnetism of mountains and mineral deposits. The scientific instruments he brought for his research were the most accurate.The local arrangements were organized by the Russians. He was an official of the Department of Mines. He had to travel in a convoy with an escort. Despite his age and white hair, <mask> was in good physical condition, walking for nine to ten hours without resting. Between May and November of 1829 he and the growing expedition traveled the entire length of the Russian empire. The expedition party traveled by coach on well maintained roads, with rapid progress being made because of changes of horses at way stations. The party had grown to include a huntsman, a Russian mining official, a cook, and a contingent of Cossacks.There were people, supplies, and scientific instruments in the carriages. They carried an iron-free tent for magnetic readings. This expedition was unlike his Spanish American travels with Bonpland, with the two alone and sometimes accompanied by local guides. The Russian government made it clear that <mask> was not to investigate social issues, nor criticize social conditions of Russian serfs, and that they were interested in finding prospects for mining and commercial advancement of the realm. He deplored black slavery in his publications on Spanish America, but after he left those territories. Even when it was from Moscow, the government kept a close eye on the expedition, with local government officials greeting it at every stop. The plan was for Tobolsk to be the farthest destination, followed by a return to Saint Petersburg.He


title: Alexander von Humboldt

texts: knew that the missive would not reach him in time to stop the plan, so he extended his travel. The further east he went, the more he liked it. They followed the highway and made good progress, sometimes a hundred miles in a day. Even though they were stopped at the end of July and warned of an outbreak, they continued. At my age, nothing should be delayed. The journey was too rapid to be profitable because it was carried out with all the advantages of the Russian government. The prediction of the discovery of diamonds in the gold-washings of the Urals and the correction of the exaggerated estimate of the height of the Central Asian plateau were important aspects of these travels.The expedition took 8 months, traveled 15,500 km, stopped at 658 post stations, and used over 12,000 horses. A writer claims that nothing was as he wanted it. The entire expedition was a compromise. Due to his disapproval of Nicholas's restrictions on his freedom of movement during the expedition and his ability to freely report on it, <mask> declined the invitation to return to Russia from the Russian emperor. The first two works on the Russian expedition were based on lectures he gave on the topic. He dedicated the three-volume Asie Centrale to Czar Nicholas, as the expedition was accomplished at his expense. The works have not been translated to English.The 1829 expedition to Russia, when he was an old man, is less known than his five-year travels in Spanish America, which resulted in many published volumes over the decades. comparative data for his various later scientific publications was given by it. In his later years, he wrote a multi-volume effort to bring together all the research from his long career. In the


title: Alexander von Humboldt

texts: winter of 1823– 1824, he lectured at the University of Berlin. The lectures would be a cartoon for the great fresco of the Kosmos. The data from his expedition to Russia was compared to his Latin American expedition. Between the years 1845 and 1847, the first two volumes of the Kosmos were published, but three more volumes were published posthumously.A comprehensive work about geography and the natural sciences was one of the things that <mask> wanted to write. The work tried to unify the sciences. The inspiration for creating a compendium of the world's environment came from German Romanticism. He spent the last decade of his life continuing his work. The third and fourth volumes were published in the 19th century. His publications on the Latin American expedition made him famous. There is no consensus on the importance of Kosmos.Kosmos is dismissed as little more than an academic curiosity by a scholar who stresses the importance of the Political Essay on the Kingdom of New Spain. Kosmos is thought to be his most influential book. Kosmos was translated into multiple languages in different editions. In Britain and America it was very popular. In 1849 a German newspaper commented that in England two of the three different translations were made by women, while in Germany most of the men don't understand it. Augustin Pritchard's first translation was published in 1845 and 1848. It will damage my reputation.The English sounded like Sanskrit destroyed the charm of my description. The only complete translation of the 4 German volumes was made by Elise Otté. The translations were published in the US. The English and German editions of the volumes have different numbering. Volume 3 of the German edition


title: Alexander von Humboldt

texts: is the same as the English translations of volumes 3 and 4. Volume 5 of the German edition was not translated until 1981 by a woman. Otté's translation benefited from a detailed table of contents and an index for every volume, but the German edition only had short tables of contents, and the index to the whole work only appeared with volume 5 in 1862.The German edition of the "Berghaus' Physikalischer Atlas", better known as the "pirated version", is not well known in Germany. The "Physical Atlas" was planned to be published in Britain. It was published under the title "The Physical Atlas of Natural Phenomena". It doesn't seem to have been recognized in Britain. <mask> <mask> published many publications throughout his life. Many works were originally published in French or German and then translated to other languages. He didn't keep track of all the editions.He wrote specialized works on particular topics of botany, zoology, astronomy, mineralogy, among others, but he also wrote general works that attracted a wide readership. Many of the original works have been scanned. The Views of the Cordilleras and Monuments of the Indigenous Peoples of the Americas is one of the new editions of print works. The publication was large and expensive in the original edition. A translation of his geography of plants was published in 2009. Influence of scientists and artists was given to his friends by him. He and Bonpland parted ways after their return to Europe, and he mostly took on the task of publishing the results of their Latin American expedition at his expense, but he included Bonpland as co-author on the nearly 30 published volumes.Bonpland settled in Buenos Aires, Argentina, after returning to Latin

masks:
Alexander von
Humboldt


title: Alexander von Humboldt

texts: America. Bonpland was kidnapped by the forces of Dr. José Gaspar Rodrguez de Francia. Bonpland was accused of espionage and of threatening the monopoly on yerba mate in Paraguay. Francia kept Bonpland prisoner despite international pressure, including the British government and Simn Bolvar's. He was released after a long time. Bonpland's death in 1858 ended a warm correspondence between the two men. During his time in Paris, he met the young and brilliant Peruvian student of the Royal Mining School of Paris, Mariano Eduardo de Rivero y Ustariz.He acted as a mentor to this promising scientist. Louis Agassiz was one of the recipients of <mask>'s aid, who was aided with needed cash, assistance in securing an academic position, and help with getting his research published. He went on to become a professor at Harvard after Agassiz sent him copies of his publications. On the 100th anniversary of his patron's birth, Agassiz delivered an address to the Boston Society of Natural History. When he was an elderly man, he aided another young scholar, who was a Jewish mathematician, in obtaining a small crown pension and who he nominated for the Academy of Science. Charles Darwin, Henry David Thoreau, George Perkins Marsh, Ida Laura Pfeiffer, as well as brothers Richard and Robert Schomburgk were all inspired by the popular writings of <mask>. Two volumes of letters to Karl August Varnhagen <mask>se have been published.Darwin described his own scientific exploration of the Americas in his book. He placed <mask> first on the list of American travellers. Darwin's work was influenced by other writers. Darwin's sister said that he probably got his phraseology and the kind of flower French expressions he uses from

masks:
Humboldt
Humboldt
von En
Humboldt


title: Alexander von Humboldt

texts: reading. When Darwin's Journal was published, he sent a copy to <mask>, who replied, "You told me in your kind letter that when you were young, the way in which I studied and depicted nature in the torrid zones contributed toward exciting in you the ardour and desire to travel Considering the importance of your work, Sir, this may be the greatest success that my humble work could bring. One of the most influential books on his work was the Personal Narrative, which stirred in Darwin "a burning zeal to add even the most humble contribution to the noble structure of Natural Science".Darwin was told in the 1840s that he had been a fan of his grandfather's poetry. The Loves of the Plants was published in the early 1800s. The poem was praised for its theme of combining nature and imagination. A number of artists traveled to Latin America in the 19th century to paint landscapes and scenes of everyday life. Three European painters were important. Church was the most famous landscape painter in the U.S. in the 19th century. Church's reputation was helped by his paintings of Andean volcanoes.The 5 foot by 10 foot painting caused a sensation when it was finished. The painting was supposed to be shipped to Berlin to be shown to Humboldt, but he died a few days after Church's letter was written. The church painted Cotopaxi three times. George Catlin, most famous for his portraits of North American Indians and paintings of life among various North American tribes, also traveled to South America and produced a number of paintings. He sent a proposal for South American travels to Humboldt. He replied, thanking him and sending a memo. One of the first female travelers who did two trips around the world was Ida


title: Alexander von Humboldt

texts: Laura Pfeiffer.The two explorers met in Berlin before Pfeiffer's second tour and again after she returned to Europe. Madame Pfeiffer was given an open letter of introduction in which he bade anyone who knew of his name to assist her for her "inextinguishable energy of character which she has everywhere shown, to wheresoever's she has been called or better put, driven by her un The Treaty of Tilsit was signed by Prussia and France in the 19th century. The younger brother of Friedrich Wilhelm III was commissioned to improve the terms of the treaty after the royal family returned to Berlin. <mask> was asked to introduce the prince to Paris society. Since he wanted to live in Paris rather than Berlin, this turned out to be a great turn of events. They went to London in 1814.He was invited by the king of Prussia to attend the congress. In the autumn of 1822 he accompanied the same monarch to the Congress of Verona, followed by a royal party to Rome and Naples, and returned to Paris in the spring of 1823. He had long believed Paris to be his true home. He obeyed reluctantly when he received a summons to join his court in Berlin. Between 1830 and 1848, <mask> was employed in diplomatic missions to the court of King Louis Philippe of France, with whom he always maintained the most friendly personal relations. Louis-Philippe of the house of Orléans became king after Charles X of France was overthrown. He was sent to Paris to report on events to his monarch because he knew the family.He spent three years in France. Franois Arago and Franois Guizot were appointed to posts in Louis-Philippe's government. His brother, Wilhelm, died on April 8, 1835. <mask> lost half of himself with the death of his brother.

masks: Alexander Humboldt Alexander


title: Alexander von Humboldt

texts: The accession of the crown prince Frederick William IV increased the favor at court. The new king's craving for <mask>'s company became so importunate that he only had a few hours to work on his writing. The personal narrative of travels to the equinoctial regions of the new continent was written during the time when colonialism was prevalent.There are arguments for and against <mask>'s imperial bias. An implicit imperial bias is argued for within the book Imperial Eyes. The Spanish monarchy allowed him to travel to South America despite the fact that he had to finance his expedition on his own. Due to unrest within the Spanish colonies in South America, the Spanish crown implemented liberal reforms which led to greater support of the Spanish monarchy within the lower class. The reforms created opposition to the Spanish rule within the upper class as the declining control of the Spanish monarchy would result in the white South American elite losing their privileges. When he wrote about the natural world in South America, he portrayed it as neutral and free of people. Others think that he was a German Columbus, as he described a virginal country that could be used for commerce.Other scholars refer to the abolitionist and anti-colonialist standpoint that <mask> represents in his writing. The description of the South American colonies in which he critiqued Spanish colonial rule is an example. His close relationship with Enlightenment values led to his support of democracy and the independence of South America. In order to improve the material and political situation of the indigenous population, <mask> included proposition within his writing that he also presented to the Spanish monarchy. After


title: Alexander von Humboldt

texts: witnessing the treatment of black people in a slave market, he became opposed to slavery and supported the abolitionist movement throughout his life. The answers that were given to him by indigenous people were included in his descriptions. Lubrich believes that despite the colonial and orientalist notions of his writing, <mask> did not recreate them.It was speculated that he was a materialist philosopher or perhaps an unbeliever because he did not mention God in his work. However, unlike irreligious figures such as Robert G. Ingersoll, who went so far as to use Humboldtian science to campaign against religion, <mask> himself denied imputations of atheism. In a letter to Varnhagen <mask>, he stated that he believed the world had been created. In the French translation, it is said that it is this necessity of things, this occult but permanent connection, this periodical return in the progress, development of formation, phenomena, and events which constitute 'Nature' submissive to. It has been argued that although the basis of morality in the nature of man is emphasized, he does acknowledge that a belief in God is linked directly to acts of virtue. He believed in an afterlife. God constantly appoints the course of nature and of circumstances, so that his existence in an eternal future, the happiness of the individual does not perish, but on the contrary grows and increases.The ideal side of religious belief and church life within human communities was the subject of deep respect for by <mask>, who remained distant of organized religion, typical of a Protestant in Germany relating to the Catholic Church. "All positive religions consist of a code of morals which is nearly the same in all of them, and

masks:
Humboldt
Humboldt
von Ense
Humboldt


title: Alexander von Humboldt

texts: generally very pure; a geological chimera, and a myth or a little historical novel", he said. In his book, he wrote about how Christianity became the religion of the state and exercised a beneficial condition on the lower classes by inculcating the social freedom. The political Jews Bill, which was intended to establish legal discrimination against Jews, was criticized by <mask>, who showed religious tolerance towards Judaism. He hoped that Jews would be treated equally in society. His private life is a mystery because he destroyed his letters. He may have harbored a sense of social isolation, which drove his passion for travel.While he was attracted to a number of attractive women, including Henriette, the wife of Marcus Herz, his sister-in-law said "nothing will ever have a great influence on <mask> that doesn't come through men". He had a lot of male friends and romances with men. He wrote a series of letters expressing his "fervent love" for Wegener, a theology student. "I only live through you, my good precious Reinhardt" is what he wrote to the lieutenant who lived and traveled for two years with him. Even if you refuse to live with me, I will still want to be with you. Aimé Bonpland was a traveling companion in the Americas for five years, and in 1802 he met Don Carlos Montfar, who lived with him in Europe. In France, the physicist and balloonist Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac lived with his friend, the traveller and 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266

masks: Humboldt Alexander


title: Alexander von Humboldt

texts: 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266He had a friendship with the married French astronomer Franois Arago. He once wrote "I don't know sensuality". Francisco José de Caldas accused him of making friends with "obscene dissolute youths", of giving vent to his "shameful passions of his heart", and of dropping him. The cost of his travels and publishing made him dependent on the pension of King Frederick William III. The King wanted to return to Germany after living in Paris. He lived with the Court at Sanssouci and in Berlin with his valet. Four years before his death, <mask> executed a deed of gift transferring his entire estate to Seifert, who then married and set up a household near his apartment.He had become a mentor to his daughter. The scale of the bequest has always been a topic of speculation, as Seifert was thirty years younger than him, and lower class partners were often introduced into households under the guise of servants. Some of the reminiscences from homosexuals gathered by Paul Ncke were incorporated into the 1914 study Homosexuality in Men and Women. As earlier biographers had portrayed him as "a largely asexual, Christ-like <mask> figure...suitable as a national idol", speculations about his private life and possible homosexuality continue to remain a fractious issue amongst scholars. There was an illness and death on February 24, 1857. He died peacefully in Berlin on May 6, 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266


title: Alexander von Humboldt

texts: 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 His last words were, "How glorious these sunbeams are!"They call Earth to the Heavens. His remains were carried in a hearse through the streets of Berlin. The chamberlains were charged with carrying a pillow with medals and decorations of honor. The descendants of his brother walked in the procession. The prince-regent received the coffin at the cathedral. He was buried with his brother and sister-in-law at Tegel. After his death, the honours which had been showered on him continued.More species are named after him than any other person. On September 14, 1869, the first 100 years of the birth of <mask> were celebrated, with great enthusiasm in both the New and Old Worlds. Shortly after the Chicago fire, a number of monuments were constructed in his honor. The newly explored regions and species named after him stand as a measure of his fame and popularity. More than a hundred and fifty societies to which he had been elected, and a European order which had not the right to wear, were ominous. The most celebrated Academies of the leading nations of Europe and America, and not merely those of a purely scientific character, but any which had for their object the spread of education and the advancement of civilisation, were