title: Benjamin Thompson

texts: Sir <mask>, Count Rumford, was an American-born British physicist and inventor whose challenges to established physical theory were part of the 19th-century revolution in thermodynamics. He was part of the British Loyalist forces during the American Revolutionary War. He received a knighthood from King George III in 1784 after being appointed a full colonel. <mask> drew designs for warships. He was made a Count of the Holy Roman Empire in 1791, after he was appointed Bavarian Army Minister and re-organizing the army. <mask> was born in Massachusetts on March 26, 1753 and his birthplace is a museum. He walked a long way to Cambridge to attend lectures by Professor John Winthrop of Harvard College.John Appleton was a merchant in Salem. <mask> excelled at his trade and came in contact with refined and well educated people for the first time, adopting many of their characteristics including an interest in science. <mask> began to correspond with Baldwin and others about the nature of heat after he recuperated from an injury. He worked for a few months for a Boston shopkeeper and then was unsuccessful in his attempt to become a doctor. <mask>'s prospects were not good in 1772. He met and married Sarah Rolfe, a rich and well- connected heiress. Her late husband left her property in New Hampshire and called it Rumford.He was appointed a major in the New Hampshire Militia because of his wife's influence with the governor. Their first child was named Sarah. <mask> was a man of property in New England and opposed the uprising in the American Revolutionary War. He recruited loyalists to fight the rebels. A mob attacked <mask>'s house after he earned the enmity of the popular party. He left his wife and went to the British lines. <mask> became an advisor to both General Gage and Lord George Germain after giving the British

masks:
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Thompson
Thompson
Thompson
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Thompson
Thompson
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title: Benjamin Thompson

type: paraphrased

texts: valuable information about the American forces.The results of his experiments to measure the force of gunpowder were published in the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society in 1781. He arrived in London at the end of the war with a reputation as a scientist. He was an aide-de-camp to the Prince-elector Charles Theodore. He established workhouses for the poor in Bavaria after reorganizing the army. Rumford's Soup, a soup for the poor, was invented by him. He studied the relative costs and efficiency of wax candles, tallow candles, and oil lamps. One of the largest urban public parks in the world was created in 1789 by Prince Charles.He was a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. <mask>'s name was Reichsgraf von Rumford, which was an older name for the town of Concord where he had been married, after he was made a Count of the Holy Roman Empire. Experiments on heat led to an interest in heat. When Wilcke published his parallel discovery, he was disappointed that he had not published his method for measuring the heat of a solid substance first. <mask> looked at the insulation properties of fur, wool and feathers. He appreciated the fact that the natural materials have an effect on the air. He made an incorrect inference that air and all gases were perfect non-conductors of heat.He said that the fur on animals was arranged in such a way to guarantee their comfort that it was proof of the argument from design. He claimed non-conductivity to liquids in 1797. The idea raised a lot of objections from the scientific establishment. <mask>'s claim would need to be verified with more accuracy and precision than is currently available. It is likely that he wanted to grant water a privileged and providential status in the regulation of human life because of his theological beliefs. He is considered to be the

masks: Thompson Thompson Thompson


title: Benjamin Thompson

texts: founder of the sous-vide food preparation method. This method was described in one of his essays.In "An Experimental Enquiry Concerning the Source of the Heat which is Excited by Friction" Rumford argued that the mechanical equivalent of heat was what his most important scientific work was about. Rumford had seen the heat generated by boring cannon at the arsenal. Rumford put a boring tool in the cannon barrel. He showed that the water could be boiled in roughly two and a half hours. Rumford was able to confirm that there had been no physical change in the material of the cannon. The seemingly indefinite generation of heat was not compatible with the theory of calories. He said that the only thing that was communicated to the barrel was motion.Rumford did not attempt to quantify the heat generated or the mechanical equivalent of heat. The work that met with a hostile reception was important in establishing the laws of energy saving in the 19th century. He explained that all bodies emit invisible rays, undulations in the ethereal fluid, which demonstrates the reflection of cold, by supposing that all bodies emit invisible rays, undulations in the ethereal fluid. Experiments were done to support his theories of calorific and frigorific radiation. When an object absorbs radiation from a warmer object, its temperature goes up, and when it absorbs radiation from a cooler object, it goes down. "An enquiry concerning the nature of heat and the mode of its communication" is on page 112 of the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. <mask> was an active and prolific inventor, inventing improvements for chimneys, fireplaces and industrial furnaces, as well as inventing the double boiler, a kitchen range, and a drip coffeepot.He improved the diet of the soldiers as well as their clothes by inventing a percolating coffee


title: Benjamin Thompson

texts: pot. The Rumford fireplace created a sensation in London when he introduced the idea of restricting the chimney opening to increase the updraught, which was a much more efficient way to heat a room than earlier fireplaces. He and his workers made the side walls angle and added a choke to the chimney to increase the speed of air going up the flue. The effect was to produce a streamlined air flow, so all the smoke would go up into the chimney and not enter the room. It increased the efficiency of the fire and gave more control over the rate of burning the fuel. Many fashionable London houses were modified to comply with his instructions. When news of his success spread, <mask> became a celebrity.When he published his analysis of the way chimneys worked, his work was much imitated. He was similar to <mask> in many ways. He is credited with the invention of thermal underwear, which is a recurring theme in his work. Rumford furnaces were being built throughout Europe and the design of kilns used to produce quicklime was improved by <mask>. The lime produced by the heat of the furnace was not contaminated by ash from the fire because the burning fuel was separated from the limestone. Light and photometry were worked on by Rumford. The standard candle was introduced as a unit of luminous intensity.His candle was made from the oil of a sperm whale. He published studies of "illusory" or subjective complimentary colors, which were caused by the shadows created by two lights, one white and one coloured; these observations were cited and generalized byMichel-Eugne Chevreul as his "law of simultaneous colour contrast" in 1839. He divided his time between France and England. The Royal Institution of Great Britain was established by Sir Joseph Banks. The first lecturer was chosen by the pair. The institution became world-famous as a

masks:
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Benjamin Franklin
Thompson


title: Benjamin Thompson

texts: result of Davy's research. The Institution is a premier research laboratory and famous for its series of public lectures popularizing science.The Royal Institution Christmas lectures attract large audiences through their TV broadcasts. The Rumford medals of the Royal Society and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences were endowed by <mask>. He was a member of the American Philosophical Society and the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. Marie-Anne Lavoisier was the widow of the great French chemistAntoine Lavoisier. After the outbreak of the American Revolution, his American wife, Sarah, died. After 3 years of separation from his second wife, <mask> settled in Paris and continued his scientific work until his death in 1814. The small cemetery of Auteuil in Paris is where <mask> is buried.<mask>ford Street is named after a soup kitchen established to Count Rumford's plan which used to stand next to the street. The order of the white eagle. An essay on chimney fire-places, with proposals for improving them, to save fuel, to render dwelling-houses more comfortable, and effectually to prevent hookahs, is included. It was illustrated with engravings. The Nature of Heat is a collection of works by Count Rumford. Volume II, Practical Applications of Heat, is a collection of works by Count Rumford.Volume III, Devices and Techniques, contains the works of Count Rumford. The Collected Works of Count Rumford were published in 1970. The works of Count Rumford have been collected. Eric Weisstein's World of Science has External links. "<mask> Thompson and Rumford". An article detailing the Rumford fireplace, as well as Rumford's life and other achievements, was written by Dr. Hugh C. Rowlinson. There is a biography of <mask>, Jr.Count Rumford's Birth Place and Museum, as well as the Count Rumford Fireplaces website, were written

masks:
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Thompson
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Sarah Thompsonum
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Benjamin Thompson


title: Robert Ballard Long

texts: Despite extensive service during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, Lieutenant-General <mask> was never able to achieve high command due to his abrasive manner with his superiors and his alleged tactical incompetence. Wellington became dissatisfied with <mask>'s abilities after he became a cavalry commander in the Peninsular War. Wellington didn't try to retain <mask> when Colquhoun Grant replaced him as a cavalry brigade commander. The Duke of Cumberland and Sir William Beresford were both unhappy with <mask>'s abilities. The celebrated historian, and Peninsula veteran, Sir William Napier was a severe critic of Beresford's record as army commander during the Albuera Campaign and involved <mask>'s opinions as part of his argument. The publication of Napier's history led to a long running and acrimonious argument in print between Beresford and his partisans on one side, with Napier and <mask>'s nephew <mask> having died before the controversy reached the public arena. Ian Fletcher's revisionist account of the British cavalry in the Napoleonic period gave more praise to <mask>'s performance as a cavalry general.<mask> was the elder of twin sons to Jamaican planter <mask> and his wife Mary. <mask> attended Dr Thomson's School in Kensington until age nine and then was sent to Harrow School until 18 in 1789. After three years at the University of Gttingen studying military theory, <mask> was commissioned into the 1st King's Dragoon Guards as a cornet. With the help of his family's financial resources, <mask> was promoted to captain by November 1793 and served with his battalion in Flanders during the Duke of York's unsuccessful campaign there. <mask> was attached to the staff of General Sir George Don during the retreat into Germany and return to England in the winter of 1794/95. <mask> spent time as an aide-de-camp to General Sir

masks:
Robert Long
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Charles Edward Long
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Edward Long
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title: Robert Ballard Long

texts: William Pitt who commanded the defences of Pompey and the friendship between the two men served <mask> well in his future career. <mask> was in command of the Hompesch Mounted Riflemen when he bought a commission from Baron Hompesch for £2,000 in the middle of 1796.The Irish Rebellion of 1798 was put down by Sir John Moore in the town of Wexford. <mask> served with the York Hussars until the Peace of Amiens. After studying at the Senior Division of the Royal Military College, <mask> became friends with the lieutenant-governor of the college, John Le Marchant, and later joined the 16th Light Dragoons as a lieutenant colonel. The first upset that <mask> caused was when he fell out with his superior officer. The situation deteriorated so much that the two tried to command the unit without consulting each other, leading to years of arguments and hostility between them. <mask> objected to Cumberland's penchant for excessive punishments, such as 'picketing'. The hussar formation was remodelled after <mask> was with the unit for two years.The name was changed to the 15th 'King's' Light Dragoons (Hussars). <mask> is mentioned a lot in the book. <mask> was looked upon as a peerless commander by the author. He attributed most of the superiorities of organization or training that he claimed for his unit, over the rest of the British cavalry, to <mask>'s initiatives when in command. With the dispatch of Sir John Moore's army to Spain, <mask> again applied for a position and was welcomed by his former commander, who by the time of <mask>'s arrival was preparing to fight the desperate rearguard action of the Battle of Corunna amid the ruins. <mask> served on his commander's staff and was present at Moore's death. <mask> was recruited for Lord Chatham's Walcheren expedition as adjutant-general after returning to England.The campaign was a failure due

masks: Long Long Long Long Long Long Long Long Long Long Long Long Long Long


title: Robert Ballard Long

texts: to a number of factors, including heavy rain, strong French resistance, and an epidemic of Malaria which killed a large proportion of the men garrisoning the town of Flushing. <mask> joined Wellington's army in the Peninsula. During the operations surrounding the first Allied siege of Badajoz, he took command of the cavalry of the army of Sir William Beresford. Four days before they were to see action, <mask> took command of the cavalry. The cavalry clash at Campo Mayor was to become a very controversial action. Beresford thought that <mask> had lost control of his light cavalry, which had pursued fleeing French cavalry for up to seven miles until they came within range of the fortress guns of Badajoz. The Campo Mayor action was called reckless by the historian, but without naming <mask>.Beresford claimed that <mask> was prevented from ordering the heavy dragoons to attempt a suicidal charge against the French infantry squares because he took personal command of the heavy dragoons. The army as a whole sided with the 13th Light Dragoons who had pursued the French. After the 13th made an epic charge causing six enemy squadrons to fall, the pursuit took place. Sir John Fortescue wrote, "Of the performance of Thirteenth, who did not exceed two hundred men, in defeating twice or thrice their numbers single-handed, it is difficult to speak too highly." The British brigade of heavy dragoons would have been able to force the whole French column to surrender if Beresford had released them. Beresford and <mask> had an acrimonious relationship. The French 2nd Hussars suffered a lot of losses after <mask> inflicted a reverse on the French cavalry.<mask> was ordered to withdraw from action without engaging whilst still delaying the French through maneuver, though he maintained that he was given orders to fall back to a certain position, with no

masks: Long Long Long Long Long Long Long Long


title: Robert Ballard Long

texts: mention being made about delaying the French advance. On each occasion <mask> withdrew too quickly and gave the French time to respond, apparent failures which frustrated enough to take advantage of <mask>'s junior rank in relation to allied Spanish cavalry generals to relieve <mask> of his command, on the day of the Battle of Albuera. Under Lumley's command, <mask> took an honorable part in the battle. At the Battle of Usagre, the British cavalry trapped two French dragoons at a bridge and caused a lot of casualties. Following his promotion to major general, <mask> commanded a light cavalry brigade that was involved in a skirmish near Elvas, where a picket of around fifty men of the 11th Light Dragoons was captured. Wellington was present on this occasion and reprimanded <mask>. <mask> maintained his brigade command because his political friends were too strong to allow him to be recalled from active service.The French infantry division and several of the cavalry were trapped and destroyed as fighting units under Sir Rowland Hill. The French cavalry and the Prince of Aremberg were captured after <mask>'s cavalry broke the French cavalry and captured over 200 of them. The 13th Light Dragoons were commanded by <mask> at the Battle of vitoria in 1813. He fought in the Battle of the Pyrenees. When the large-scale attack across the Pyrenees was launched, Wellington's forces were off guard and in an extended state. The link between the two main bodies of the troops was acting as <mask>'s brigade. <mask> performed the most important service in his military career in this situation.General Cole sent a dispatch to Wellington saying that the French army had forced him from his defensive position and that he was falling back. <mask> opened the dispatch and made a copy to be sent to his superior, Sir Rowland Hill. Wellington moved his

masks: Long Long Long Long Long Long Long Long Long Long Long Long


title: Robert Ballard Long

texts: headquarters recently and Hill forwarded the dispatch to him. Wellington's previous headquarters did not receive the original copy of the dispatch. Had any delay occurred before Wellington became aware of the situation, the results could have been disastrous for the allied army. After the end of active service, <mask> was recalled to England by the Duke of York. Wellington assured <mask> that his recall was not at his request.It was long believed that the Prince Regent had engineered his recall so that Colquhoun Grant, the Prince's favourite, could become its commander. Grant had an intimate relationship with the Duke of Cumberland. <mask> retired to his estate at Barnes Terrace after he refused the posting as a divisional commander in Scotland. <mask> was promoted to lieutenant general after retiring as an officer on the general list. After his public feuds with two royal princes, <mask> was not knighted or offered a title, unlike many of his peers. He died childless at his London house in Berkeley Square and was buried in the family crypt. After his uncle's death, <mask>, a notable scholar and historian, wrote several pamphlets defending his uncle's reputation and attacking his enemies, especially Beresford; exchanges of pamphlets and letters between <mask> and his uncle's opponents continued through the 1830s.<mask>'s reputation suffered as a result of his character flaws. He contributed to a number of victories if his record as a cavalry general was bad. He is mostly remembered for the acrimony generated by the action at Campo Mayor. He refused to allow Wellington's censure of the 13th Light Dragoons, following Campo Mayor, to be entered in the regiment's official record, but he appears to have been a popular and respected figure to his subordinates. He was called "<mask>" from the rank-and-file. When <mask> was replaced in command

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Charles Long
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Bobby Long
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title: Robert Ballard Long

texts: of his brigade, the officers and men of the 13th Light Dragoons repaid his regard for them by agreeing to purchase a set of silver plate for him. <mask> could not avoid entering into vituperative conflicts with his superiors.<mask>'s career and reputation were going to be affected when he made personal enemies of royal princes and field marshals. The manner in which <mask> operated a campaign of irritation against Beresford after Campo Mayor is an example of the less attractive side of <mask>'s character. Beresford was harassed by requesting clarification to every order he was given. <mask> didn't seem to know that he had no chance of winning. Beresford had all the power within the relationship. <mask>'s campaign backfired badly when Beresford replaced him as the commander of the cavalry. <mask> wrote a lot of letters to his twin brother Charles.The letters he wrote during the Peninsular War were edited and published in 1951. They give an insight into the workings of Wellington's army. Inheriting the Earth: The <mask> Family's 500 year reign in Wiltshire was further read by Cheryl Nicol. The History of the King's German Legion. I, London in the 18th century. The head-dress of the York Hussars was incorrect, as was the fact that one brigade of British heavy cavalry, a brigade of Portuguese cavalry and an unbrigaded battalion of British light cavalry were all commanded by <mask>. The British Cavalry in the Peninsula and at Waterloo were written by I. Galloping at Everything.McGuffie, T.H. It was (ed). The correspondence of Lieutenant-General <mask> was published in 1951. W.F.P. is the name of the person. The War in the Peninsula and the South of France took place in the 18th century. The year 1828 The History of the Peninsular War was written by Sir Charles.The King's Hussars officers British Army personnel were educated at the

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title: Jean-Pierre Léaud

texts: The 400 Blows (Les Quatre Cents Coups) was the first film in Franois Truffaut's series of films about the character ofAntoine Doinel. He worked with Jean-Luc Godard, Aki Kaurismki, Pier Paolo Pasolini, Catherine Breillat, Jerzy Skolimowski, and others. He is an important figure in the French New Wave. At the age of 14, <mask> made his major debut as an actor in The 400 Blows, a semi-autobiographical character based on the life events of French film director Franois Truffaut. In order to cast the two central characters,Antoine Doinel and his partner-in-crime René Bigey, Truffaut published an announcement in France-Soir and had several hundred children auditioning. The son of an assistant scriptwriter was recommended by a critic at Cahiers du cinéma. Patrick was cast as René.The fourteen-year-old <mask> had already appeared with Jean Marais in the movie La Tour. A long time ago. He recognized a certain suffering with regard to the family that both of them shared. Though we were both rebels, we hadn't expressed our rebellion in the same way. I preferred to lie. Jean-Pierre seeks to hurt, shock and wants it to be known. He's unruly, while I was discreet. His excitability requires that things happen to him when they don't occur quickly enough.Truffaut said he was happy with how <mask> improvised in the script. Jean-Pierre <mask> was not an ideal student when he was in the eighth grade. Jean-Pierre is more and more "unmanageable" according to the director of the school. Discipline is lacking in all its

masks: Léaud Léaud Léaud Léaud


title: Jean-Pierre Léaud

texts: forms. He was caught looking at pornographic pictures in the dorm twice. He is becoming more and more involved in an emotionally disturbed case. The unstable boy, who often ran away with the older students on their nights out, could also be brilliant, generous, and affectionate.He claimed to Truffaut that he had written a "verse tragedy", and he was very good at writing. Jay Carr wrote "Truffaut would take <mask> to see rushes of Godard's Breathless each evening." They'd sit up late talking about the film. The actor remembered Truffaut as the first person he admired and that he spoke to children like adults. Children understand things better than adults do. He was intuitive. We operated in a way that helped us.Truffaut's concern for <mask> extended beyond the film set during and after the filming of The 400 Blows. After <mask> was kicked out of the home of the retired couple who were taking care of him, he took charge of his upbringing. Truffaut rented a studio apartment. He was an assistant to Truffaut on The Soft Skin and Mata Hari. Claude Jade played Doinel's girlfriend and Christine was his wife in four Truffaut films about the life of Doinel. The films are Stolen Kisses, Bed and Board and Love on the Run. "I created some scenes just because I knew he would be funny in them, at least I laughed during the writing as I thought of him."Two English Girls (Les Deux Anglaises et le Continent, 1971) and Day for Night (La Nuit américaine, 1973) are non-Antoine Doinel films that he collaborated on

masks: Léaud Léaud Léaud


title: Jean-Pierre Léaud

texts: with Truffaut. AlthoughAntoine Doinel is his most familiar character, he often found his performances in other films to be compared to his Doinel character. One of the most visible and well-known actors to be associated with the French New Wave film movement and, aside from his work with Truffaut, collaborated with Jean-Luc Godard (nine films), Jean Eustache, Jacques Rivette and Agns Var. He had three critically acclaimed films released in the early 1970s: Bertolucci's Last Tango in Paris, Truffaut's La Nuit américaine, and Eustache's The Mother and the Whore. Although the two men never met, they both appeared in the same film, Bertolucci's Bertolucci and Brando's Brando. At the 16th Berlin International Film Festival, <mask> won the Silver Bear for his role in Jean-Luc Godard's Masculin, fminin. In 1988 he was nominated for a César Award for Best Supporting actor for Les Keufs and in 2000 he was awarded an Honorary César for lifetime achievement.Pier Paolo Pasolini, Jerzy Skolimowski, Aki Kaurismki, and other influential directors had <mask>lin Féminin. He was nominated for a César Award for his role in Les keufs. He won the "best actor" award at the film festival. There was an award at the César Awards.The Pornographer was nominated for the FIPRESCI Prize. The Lumires Award for Best actor was won by him for his role in The Death of Louis XIV. List of honors and awards 1944 births Living people 20th-century French male actors 21st-century French male actors Male actors from Paris French male

masks: Léaud Léaudcu


title: Wolfgang Laib

texts: <mask> was born in Germany and is a sculptor. He lives and works in a small village in southern Germany and maintains studios in New York and South India. Many of the most important galleries and museums have exhibited his work. His works were included in the Documenta 7 and 8 in 1982, and the Documenta 8 in 1987. The Praemium Imperiale was given to him in 2015. He is known for his "Milkstones", a pure geometry of white marble made with milk, as well as his vibrant installations of pollen. The Museum of Modern Art in New York City presented his biggest piece to date, 7 m  8 m.<mask> was the son of a medical doctor <mask> and his wife Lydia. The family moved to a small village near to Biberach an der Riss in 1962, where his father built a glass house of extreme and unique architecture. All of the members of the family were impacted by the life that developed there. As a close friend of the Laibs, Braeckle conveyed his deep respect and love for art. The paintings by Kazimir Malevich which were stored in Biberach by the architect Hugo Haering were later acquired by the Stedelijk Museum in Amsterdam. Laib developed a strong interest in Lao-tse, Taoism and Zen Buddhism as a result of his friendship with this friend. The family traveled throughout Europe to visit places where the medieval culture is preserved.Laib's life and work were influenced by the life and teachings of Saint Francis. Laib traveled to many different Asian countries, especially India. Despite his passion for art, Laib goes to study medicine at the University of Tuebingen in 1968. He began to question what the medicine of this century actually is. He came to view the natural sciences and most modern

masks:
Wolfgang Laib
Wolfgang Laib
Gustav Laib


title: Wolfgang Laib

texts: shared in this intense and beautiful relationship. Chandra Maria was born in 1986. He has been involved with materials since 1983. He made small pieces of beeswax and then made larger pieces like chambers and pyramids called "Zikkurats". His selection of those materials are deeply meaningful, but they do not represent the limit of his intent in their essence; rather they serve as vehicles to by far greater complex ideas. He has always been more concerned with continuity than with innovation.His oeuvre is not to be looked at in chronological order, but as he uses the same forms and materials regularly. Laib sees himself as a vehicle for ideas of timelessness and universality that are already present in nature. In his work, the micro connects to the macro in a way that changes our place in the universe. He said that he did with his art works what he wanted to do as a doctor. In 2000 he created the first permanent wax chamber in the Pyrenees mountains. In addition to his studio in southern Germany, there are other wax chambers in Switzerland, Washington, D.C., and Barjac, southern France. In 2006 he decided to have a studio in a small village in the hills near Madurai in South India.He spends at least two months a year there and creates a whole body of new works with black granite, white ashes and other materials. He made a proposal to build a huge Brahmanda on a bare granite hill near Madurai. In 2010 Carolyn and <mask> purchased a small space in Manhattan to function as a sharing place of their life and works in this world crossroads, forging new relations within the art world in the US. <mask> participated in Documenta 7 and 8 in 1985 and 1982. Both feel that

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Wolfgang
Wolfgang Laib


title: Wolfgang Laib

texts: this work brings their visions and dreams together. This is the beginning of a long and intense relationship with many exhibitions around the world. A major retrospective of <mask>'s work is shown in five American museums, first at the Hirshhorn.He realized a permanent wax chamber in thePhillips Collection in Washington D.C. at the same time. The Basilica Sant'Apollinare in Classe, Ravenna, Italy has been showing <mask>'s work for many years. <mask>. Lugano, MASI and Casagrande. The artist <mask> was at Sant'Apollinare in Classe. <mask> selects texts and Maria Rita Bentini interviews the artist. <mask>.Mahayagna is a vedic fire ritual with Brahmins from South India.The interview with the artist by Klaus Ottmann can be found in the Museum Grenoble: <mask>b. Without place, without time, without body. Texts by Guy Tosatto and <mask>b. Museum Reina Sofia Madrid is named after <mask>b. The name of the business is Sin Principio Sin Fin. The texts were written by Antonio, José, and Carlos. The Museo is located in the city of Sofia.The Madrid Fondation Beyeler is named after <mask>. The Ewige ist das Vergngliche. The texts were written by Philipp Bttner and <mask>. A short biography of the artist. <mask> wrote about the Museum Macro in Rome. The text was written by Danilo Eccher. Museo Macro and Electa Editore is located in Milano.Tilburg: The essence of the real has a chronology of the artist and a bibliography. <mask>. Photographs and drawings. The texts were written by Klaus Ottmann. The Toyota Municipal Museum of Art is named after <mask>. <mask> is the director of the National Museum of Contemporary Art. The National Museum of Modern Art, Tokyo: <mask>b.The 2003

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Laib
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Wolfgang Laib
Wolfgang Laib
Wolfgang Laib
Wolfgang Lai
Wolfgang Lai
Wolfgang Lai
Wolfgang Laib
Wolfgang Laib
Wolfgang Laib
Wolfgang Laib
Wolfgang Laib
Wolfgang Laib
Wolfgang Lai


title: Wolfgang Laib

texts: Retrospective USA and German version Haus der Kunst: <mask> was written by Tohru Matsumoto. A retrospective. Texts by Klaus Ottmann and Margit Rowell. There is a bibliography and a chronology. The English and German versions of AFA and Hatje Cantz are available. The text was written by Elisabeth Samsonow. An interview with an artist.<mask> is the author of Bregenz 1999 Museum Carré d' Art. Somewhere else. The text was written by Guy Tosatto. <mask> wrote about the Museum of Contemporary Art Los Angeles. Texts by Klaus Schrenk, Kerry Brougher and Donald Kuspit Bonn. <mask> is from the Museum Capc Bordeaux. The text was written by Jean-Marc Avrilla.<mask> was from Bordeaux. Tilman Osterwold, Johannes Cladders, Hans-Joachim Mller, Harald Szeemann, and <mask> are some of the authors. Interview with the artist by Suzanne Pagé, Paris, 1986 Venice Biennale, German Pavillon: <mask>. The text was written by Johannes Cladders. The Museum Abteiberg is in Mnchengladbach. Praemium Imperiale for Sculpture in Tokyo Collection Museum of Modern Art was 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 There is a collection in Washington D.C.The National Museum of Modern Art is in

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Wolfgang Laib
Wolfgang Laib
Wolfgang Laib
Wolfgang Laib
Wolfgang Laib
Wolfgang Laib
Wolfgang Laib


title: Isaac Stevens

texts: <mask> was an American military officer and politician who served as governor of the Territory of Washington from 1854 to 1856 and later as its delegate to the United States House of Representatives. He held several Union commands during the American Civil War. He was killed at the Battle of Chantilly, while at the head of his men and carrying the fallen colors of one of his units against the Confederates. According to one account, at the hour of his death, <mask> was being considered by Lincoln for appointment to command the Army of Virginia. He was promoted to the rank of Major General. Several schools, towns, counties, and lakes are named after him. Descended from early American settlers in New England, <mask> overcame a troubled childhood and personal setbacks to graduate at the top of his class at West Point before embarking on a successful military career.He was both praised and condemned as the governor of the Washington Territory. One historian said that he was the subject of more reflection and study than the rest of the territory's 19th-century history combined. <mask>' diplomacy with Native American tribes was meant to avoid military conflict in Washington, but when the war broke out, he prosecuted it very harshly. His decision to rule by martial law, jail judges who opposed him, and raise a defacto personal army led to his conviction for contempt of court, which he famously pardoned himself, and a rebuke from the President of the United States. His decisiveness in the face of crisis was applauded by his supporters and noted by

masks: Stevens Stevens Stevens Stevens


title: Isaac Stevens

masks:
Stevens
Isaac Stevens
Stevens
Stevens
Stevens
Stevens
Stevens


title: Isaac Stevens

texts: 800-273-3217 During the Mexican–American War, Career Stevens was the adjutant of the Corps of Engineers and he saw action at the siege of Vera Cruz. He was given the brevet rank of captain after catching the attention of his superiors. He was breveted for his bravery at the Battle of Chapultepec, this time to the rank of major. Stevens was severely wounded in the Battle for Mexico City. He wrote a book on his adventures, Campaigns of the Rio Grande and Mexico, with Notices of the Recent Work of Major Ripley. He built fortifications on the New England coast.He was in charge of the coast survey office in Washington, D.C. until March 1854. <mask> was a firm supporter of Franklin Pierce's candidacy for President of the United States in 1852, as both men had served in the Mexican–American War. <mask> was named governor of the newly created Washington Territory on March 17, 1854. The title of Indian Affairs for that region was included in the position. <mask> decided to add one more duty as he traveled west to the territory he would govern, as the government was hoping that a transcontinental railroad would open up Asian markets. <mask>' engineering experience, as well as Secretary of War Jefferson Davis, helped him win the bid. His party, which included Dr. George Suckley, John Mullan and Fred Burr, spent most of the year moving slowly across the prairie, surveying the way to Washington Territory.George McClellan's party had surveyed the line between the Puget Sound and the Spokane River. He became governor in November of that year. <mask> wrote a

masks: Stevens Stevens Stevens Stevens Stevens


title: Isaac Stevens

texts: third book, Report of Explorations for a Route for the Pacific Railroad near the 47th and 49th Parallels of North Latitude, which was published by the United States Congress. <mask> was a controversial governor. Historians consider him even more controversial because of his role in forcing the Native American tribes of Washington Territory to sign treaties that gave most of their lands to <mask>' government. The treaties included the Treaty of Medicine Creek, Treaty of Hellgate, Treaty of Neah Bay, and Point No Point Treaty. The Governor imposed martial law in order to impose his will on the Indians and whites who opposed his views.The Indian war would soon be overshadowed by political and legal battles. <mask> waged a brutal winter campaign against the Yakama tribe, using his troops for vengeance. This, along with his unjust execution of Leschi, led to widespread pleas to remove <mask> from his post. Two men were vocal in their opposition to <mask> and his policies. Lander was arrested by <mask>' forces due to his opposition. After refusing to remove <mask> from his position, Pierce sent word to the governor expressing his disapproval. Most white settlers in Washington Territory felt that <mask> was on their side, while they felt that Meeker was too sympathetic to Native Americans.<mask> was popular enough to be elected as the territory's delegate to the United States Congress in 1856 and 1858. Whites and Native Americans would be left to resolve their differences. <mask> left Washington State for good in 1856 and is often blamed for the later

masks: Stevens Stevens Stevens Stevens Stevens Stevens Stevens Stevens Stevens Stevens


title: Isaac Stevens

texts: conflicts in eastern Washington and Idaho. In January 1856, Governor <mask> told the House of Representatives that "war shall be prosecuted until the last hostile indian is wiped out", although historians are unsure if this was a call for genocide or war crimes against Indians. In April 1856, Governor <mask> removed settlers whom he believed to be aiding the enemy and placed them in the military's custody. In order to conduct a military trial of the settlers, Governor <mask> declared martial law. He declared martial law in the county.The territorial legislature had the authority to declare martial law, and representatives fought <mask>' attempt to abrogate their authority. There was a bitter political and legal battle. <mask> had to repeal the declaration and fight for his removal. His determination to enforce a blockhouse policy in the war against the Indians of the Puget Sound region led to his decision to use martial law. Indian raids on scattered settlements and an intimidating attack on the city of Seattle in February 1856 resulted in Governor <mask> concluding that he needed to concentrate on defensive measures, given the limited number of men at his disposal. The white population should be concentrated at protected points. Volunteers under <mask>' command built forts and blockhouses along the Snoqualmie, White, and Nisqually rivers.<mask> ordered the settlers to leave their claims and take temporary residence in safer areas. <mask> raised a new issue after proclaiming martial law. There is a grave cause of suspicion that certain evil

masks: Stevens Stevens Stevens Stevens Stevens Stevens Stevens Stevens Stevens


title: Isaac Stevens

texts: persons of Pierce county have given aid and comfort to the enemy, as that they have been placed under arrest and ordered to be. If the alleged designs of these persons are not arrested, the plans of the campaign will be frustrated. On May 11, 1856, George and H. A. Goldsborough sent a letter to the Secretary of State denying that the war situation in the territory was as bad as Governor <mask> had claimed. They said that <mask>' allegations were based on suspicion. According to them, the only factual related evidence was that on Christmas Day, a group of Indians went to McLeod's cabin and forced him to give them food.The only object of the proclamation was to get half a dozen obscure individuals into his absolute control, and to demonstrate that he could do it on the field offered by a small Territory. The governor was designated as the "commander-in-chief of the militia" by the territorial organic act. <mask> took control of the local volunteer troops, which were organized to meet the necessities of the situation. These were not authorized by the federal government or the territorial legislature. <mask> had no direct military power but had a broad administrative responsibility. Governor <mask> had no legal power to declare martial law after a legal opinion was rendered on May 24, 1856. <mask> was commissioned in the Army again after the Union's defeat at the First Battle of Bull Run in the Civil War.He was appointed as a Colonel of the New York Volunteers. He fought at Port Royal when he was promoted to brigadier general. He was in charge of the

masks: Stevens Stevens Stevens Stevens Stevens Stevens


title: Isaac Stevens

texts: second brigade that was sent to attack the Sea Islands. 25% of his men were casualties when he led an attack on Fort Lamar at the Battle of Secessionville. <mask> was assigned to Virginia to serve under Major General John Pope in the Northern Virginia Campaign and the Second Battle of Bull Run. He was killed in action at the Battle of Chantilly on September 1, 1862, after shouting "Highlanders, my Highlanders, follow your general!" <mask> died instantly when he was hit in the temple by a bullet while carrying the banner of Saint Andrew's Cross.He was buried in Rhode Island. He was promoted to major general in 1863. <mask> was married. Hazard <mask> was injured in the Battle of Chantilly and became a career officer. He went on to become a general in the U.S. Army and an author. Together with P. B. The first documented ascent of Mount Rainier was done by Van Trump.The advance of the 79th New York Regiment was slowed by a combination of storms and Confederate fire. Five colorbearers died leading the line. <mask> ran from his position in the rear to grab the flag from the wounded man's grasp when he saw that another soldier had been shot. According to witnesses, the injured color bearer yelled at <mask> "for God's sake, General, don't take the colors!" <mask> ignored the man's appeal and seized the colors, at which point his own son Hazard was shot and injured by a Confederate volley. The general told Hazard <mask> that he couldn't attend to him now. Thompson, see to my boy.<mask> yelled "Follow your General!" as he turned to his men. <mask> charged


title: Isaac Stevens

texts: the Confederate positions with his men following in close order. The Louisianans were forced to fall back into the woods. <mask> and his men pursued the retreating Confederate forces into the forest. <mask> was killed instantly when he was hit in the head by a Confederate bullet. He wrapped himself in the flag that he was still carrying and staining it with his blood as he collapsed. <mask>' body was recovered an hour after his death, and he still had his hands around the flag.He was buried in Rhode Island. <mask> has been viewed as a complicated figure by historians. According to historian David Nicandri, the four years in which he ruled Washington takes up a greater volume of concern and consciousness than the entire balance of the territorial officialdom up until the time Washington becomes a state in 1889. There are differing accounts of <mask>' tenure. Richards wrote in 1972 that nearly all accounts of his tenure have either "condemned" or "uncritically applauded" him. He was described as one who would "take no counsel, nor brook opposition to his will". The United States Senate posthumously promoted <mask> to the rank of Major General at the request of President Abraham Lincoln.At the very hour of his death, the President and Secretary of War were considering placing <mask> in command of the Army in which he was serving. The approximate place where <mask> fell while leading his men is marked by a marker at Ox Hill Battlefield Park. Lake <mask> is named in his honor in Washington. <mask> Elementary School, Port Angeles' <mask> Middle School,

masks: Stevens Stevens Stevens Stevens Stevens Stevens Stevens Stevens Stevens Stevens Stevens


title: Isaac Stevens

texts: and Pasco's <mask> Middle School are all named after him. The Washington chapter of the Sons of Union Veterans of the Civil War has a name. 1. <mask> Peak, Upper Stevens Lake, and Lower Stevens Lake are all named after <mask>.Fort Stevens in Washington, D.C., and Fort Stevens in Oregon were previously named after <mask>. Hazard <mask> wrote a biography of his father. The biography of <mask>, called Young Man in a Hurry, was written by Kent Richards. He was in the Hall of Great Westerners at the National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum. The Washington State Library's Classics in Washington History collection has a list of American Civil War generals. A hologram is signed. It was found in <mask> Bingham's Bible.<mask>: Young Man In A Hurry was written by Kent D. Richards. The Brigham Young University Press is in Provo. Stevens Hall is on the campus of Washington State University. The Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library at Yale University has a collection of Western Americana. The Democrats Governors of Washington Territory Union Army generals, the United States Military Academy alumni, and the American military personnel of the Mexican–American War are all from

masks:
Isaac Stevens
Stevens
Stevens
Stevens
Stevens
Stevens
Kate Stevens
Stevens


title: Skyzoo

texts: <mask> is an American actor and rapper. Cloud 9: The 3 Day High with 9th Wonder, The Salvation, A Dream Deferred, and Music For My Friends are just a few of the solo and collaborative albums he has released. Corner Store Classic and The Great Debater are two of the many non-commercial mixtapes Skyzoo has released throughout his career. Skyzoo has co-headlined tours throughout Europe, the United Kingdom, Africa, Australia, and Asia, and he owns and operates the independent record label First Generation Rich. <mask> was born on December 24, 1982 in the Crown Heights section of Brooklyn, New York City. His middle name is Skyzoo, he was nicknamed by his parents after a disco song. Skyzoo moved to Brooklyn when he was young.Skyzoo was a fan of hip hop artists such as Big Daddy Kane and Kid 'n Play. The music video for Chi-Ali's "Age Ain't Nuthin' But a Number" inspired him to start writing raps. He was young at the time. One block away from Notorious B.I.G., he was raised. His writing is influenced by his success. He names Jay-Z and Mos Def as his favorites. Skyzoo spent most of his time in Brooklyn as well as in South Jamaica when he was younger.He has two younger brothers. Skyzoo's parents decided to enroll him in a high school in Manhattan to take advanced classes instead of going to school in his own neighborhood. Skyzoo attended college, but didn't finish. He was employed at Morgan Stanley at the age of 23. He pursued a music career after being terminated for coming back from lunch late. Skyzoo began releasing his own mixtapes throughout New York in 2002 and soon met the Justus League, a North Carolina rap crew. Skyzoo won "best male rapper" in 2002 and "best lyricist" in 2008.Skyzoo meeting producer 9th Wonder

masks: Skyzoo Skyzoo


title: Skyzoo

texts: started a long-term collaboration after an encounter with Justus League rapper Chaundon. Cloud 9: The 3 Day High took a total of three days to complete from start to finish. The album was produced by 9th Wonder and had two singles, "Way To Go" and "The Bodega." Skyzoo's first national feature was in the "Show & Prove" section of XXL Magazine. The "Get It Done" b/w "Click" were both produced by DJ premier and featured fellow Brooklyn rapper Torae. There were write ups in outlets such as The Source, All HipHop.com, HipHopDX.com, HipHopGame.com and others. On July 20, 2007, Skyzoo's Corner Store Classic was released for free.9th Wonder, DJ premier, and others produced it. <mask> contributed most of the vocals. The album was well-received and gave a positive rating. In 2007, he stated that he had a sophomore studio album ready, called The Salvation, but was waiting for a major record deal before releasing it. Skyzoo signed to both Duck Down Records and 9th Wonder's Jamla Records in the spring of 2009. The Power of Words was released by Skyzoo. The project included guest vocals from Wale, Maino, Reks, Young Chris and others.On September 29, 2009, his debut album The Salvation was released through Duck Down Records with the singles "The Beautiful Decay", "Popularity", and "My Interpretation". <mask> described it as his most personal work. Skyzoo has been planning this album since he was 9 years old, and The Salvation gives an intricate view into his life and experiences. Skyzoo handles most of the vocals himself, instead of bringing in a large number of guest artists. No one can tell my story better than me. Skyzoo said it wasn't a "who's hot, who's not" type of thing. It was just to get what sounds right.I have a lot of


title: Skyzoo

texts: big name producers and up and comers. Best Kept Secret, 9th Wonder, Nottz, Just Blaze, Illmind, Needlz and Black Milk are some of the producers that are contributing. It reached the top on various charts. There is a song on the billboard 200. 4 on the top heatseekers chart. There are 14 albums on the Tastemaker Albums chart. The album was well received.All Music gave it a positive review and a rating of 4.5 out of 5. Saving Our Grace was filmed to promote the album. A single mother and a young drug dealer are two of the characters shown in the short documentaries that were shot throughout New York City. The series was on Skyzoo's official page. "The Necessary Evils" was the first official music video to be released from The Salvation. The video was directed by Tee Smif of the production company KCCC and shows a teenage drug dealer trying to change his lifestyle, and the highs and lows he faces. The video for "The Beautiful Decay" was released on July 30, 2009.The video for the song "Popularity" was released on November 18, 2009. The Saved by the Bell parody video was directed by Todd Angkasuwan. The third single "Easy To Fly" was directed by Court Dunn. The video is an homage to the film "Love Jones". Skyzoo plays as a man and model as a woman. Skyzoo released a video for the song "My Interpretation" on April 21, 2010. Artemus Jenkins directed the video.<mask>'s collaboration with Illmind titled Live from the Tape Deck was a free-form showcase of his lyricism. <mask>'s debut album The Salvation had a lot of personal themes, but Live from the Tape Deck doesn't. The album has a cohesive backdrop and is a collection of "raw" hip hop. Two artists planned to bring hip hop veterans such as Eric B to this project. Gang


title: Skyzoo

texts: one of the additional singles. Skyzoo was involved in the video process for the latter because Spike Lee reached out to them via social media after hearing the song. The video was aired on 106 & Park as the "New Joint Of The Day" in January. One of Skyzoo's best charting albums was A Dream Deferred, which became one of the most positive critical responses. 7 on the top heatseekers chart.18 on the Rap Albums chart. Metacritic assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, and the album received an average score of 86, which indicates "universal acclaim", based on 5 reviews. An Ode to Reasonable Doubt was a collaborative release. On Jay Z's birthday, December 4, 2014, a nine-track album dedicated to Jay Z's album Reasonable Doubt was released. The album's track "Meeting the Presidents" was the subject of a music video. <mask> said that he came up with the idea of remaking Jay-Z's debut album after a fan asked him to. With guest artists such as Torae, Sha Stimuli, and Kay Cola, the album was entirely produced and composed by Antman Wonder without the use of samples.The production was recreated with a live orchestra. HipHopDX gave it a positive review and it was well received by music critics. <mask> created his own label imprint, First Generation Rich, Inc., after completing his contractual obligations with Duck Down Records. <mask> and Torae began working on a joint album at the request of their fans. "Blue Yankee Fitted", "Memorabilia", and "The Aura" were all produced by Illmind. Guilty Simpson, Sean Price, Black Milk, and Apollo Brown are some of the people featured in the project. <mask>'s third solo album is called Music For My Friends.The idea of growing up at 13 years old and seeing

masks: Skyzoo Skyzoo Skyzoo Skyzoo


title: Skyzoo

texts: was reviewed by All Music, HipHopDX, and many others. Skyzoo announced via social media on March 27th that he would be releasing two projects in 2017: Peddler Themes and In Celebration of Us in July and a full-length studio album in December. Peddler Themes is the first project of the year and was released on July 21st. It has production work from the likes of Illmind and Apollo Brown. Skyzoo can produce on one of the tracks. The lead single "Finesse Everything" was made available for pre-order on July 12th of last year.He revealed the release date for his album in February, after it was revealed that his album was finished. Hip hop artists such as Notorious B.I.G., Jay-Z, Nas, N.W.A, Big Daddy Kane, and Kid 'n Play have been cited as influences by Skyzoo. He says J Dilla is one of his favorite producers. He frequently references the characters and plotlines in his music, and has cited show creator David Simon as one of his biggest idols as a writer. Skyzoo has stated that he likes to listen to jazz artists such as Miles Davis, John Coltrane, and Wayne Shorter. He stated that A Love Supreme is his favorite album. Skyzoo is an avid basketball fan and at times guest writes for the online version of Slam magazine.He supports the New York Knicks basketball team. <mask> married a long time girlfriend on September 18, 2015. He was linked to the sister of a former New York Yankees baseball player. The couple stopped seeing each other in 2010 after calling off their engagement. There was a rumour in the press that Skyzoo was the father of the baby. Hip hop musicians References External links 1982 births African-American male rappers Living people Rappers from Brooklyn 21st-century American rappers 21st-century American


title: Camille Flammarion

texts: <mask> FRAS was an astronomer and author. He was a prolific author of more than fifty titles, including popular science works about astronomy, several notable early science fiction novels, and works on psychical research and related topics. The magazine L'Astronomie was published by him. He had an observatory in Juvisy-sur-Orge, France. In Haute-Marne, France, <mask> was born. <mask> was the founder of the Group Flaemmarion publishing house. He became a computer in 1858.He was the founder and the first president of the Société Astronomique de France, an independent journal that was first published in 1886. In January 1895, after 13 volumes of L'Astronomie and 8 of BSAF, the two merged, making L'Astronomie its bulletin. Volumes 9 to 13 of L'Astronomie can refer to two different publications five years apart due to the fact that the 1895 volume of the combined journal was numbered 9. Flammarion's edition of L'Atmosphre had an engraving. He believed that people on Mars had tried to communicate with the Earth in the past. He believed in 1907 that a comet was on its way to Earth. He believed the gas from the comet's tail could kill off all life on the planet.As a young man, <mask> was exposed to two significant social movements in the western world: the thoughts and ideas of Darwin and Lamarck and the rising popularity of spiritism with spiritualist churches and organizations appearing all over Europe. He was described as anastronomer, mystic and storyteller who was obsessed with life after death, and who seemed to see no distinction between the two. He was influenced by Jean Reynaud and his Terre et ciel, which described a religious system based on the transmigration of souls believed to

masks:
Nicolas Flammarion
Camille Flammarion
Ernest Flammarion
Flammarion


title: Camille Flammarion

texts: Flammarion's worry that the tail of a comet would be poisonous. <mask>, Berthe Martin- Flammarion, and uncle of a woman named Zelinda were all related to family. His first and second wives were both noted astronomer. Astronomers observing Mars believed they saw a network of lines on its surface, which were named "canals" by Schiaparelli. The optical illusion was due to the limited observing instruments of the time. The so-called "canals" were extensively researched by a contemporary of Schiaparelli.He thought the "canals" were artificial in nature and most likely the "rectification of old rivers aimed at the general distribution of water to the surface of the continents." The canals were the product of an intelligent species trying to survive on a dying world, and he assumed the planet was in an advanced stage of habitability. The scientific method alone may make progress in the search for truth, as Flammarion wrote, "It is by the scientific method alone that we may make progress in the search for truth." The place of impartial analysis must not be taken by religious belief. We have to be on guard against illusions. He was very close to Allan Kardec. Flammarion had studied mediumship and wrote, "It is infinitely to be regretted that we cannot trust the loyalty of the medium."They almost always cheat. <mask> was a believer in psychic phenomena and claimed to have seen some of Eusapia Palladino's phenomena. He claimed in his book that there were levitation photographs of a table and an impression of a face. The evidence was not convincing. Palladino was not completely clear from the table in the levitation photographs, and he noted that the impressions of faces in putty were always of

masks:
Ernest Flammarion
Flammarion


title: Camille Flammarion

texts: Palladino's face. His book The Unknown received a negative review from the psychologist Joseph Jastrow who wrote "the work's fundamental faults are a lack of critical judgment in the estimation of evidence and an appreciation of the nature of the logical conditions which the study of these problems presents." He found no evidence for the spirit hypothesis after investigating automatic writing for two years.Mediumship had not been proven and Flammarion believed in the survival of the soul after death. Flammarion believed in the survival of the soul after death, but he didn't believe in the spirit hypothesis of spiritism, instead he believed in a psychic force. telepathy could explain some phenomena <mask> claimed in his book that there was no evidence for the spirit hypothesis of mediumship in spiritism despite changing his beliefs in the 1920s. In some cases hauntings are caused by departed souls, while others are caused by the psychic force of a living person, according to his 1924 book Les maisons hantées. The magician Harry Houdini reviewed the book and found it to be a collection of myths. In October 1923 Flammarion gave an address to the Society for Psychical Research.He believed in telepathy, etheric doubles, stone tape theory, and rarely the dead do manifest in hauntings. He was a member of the Theosophical Society. He was the first to suggest names for the moons of Neptune and Jupiter, but they were not officially adopted until decades later. Flammarion had an influence on George's interest in science. Flammario is named in honor of him. 154 commemorates his sister, 141 is named after Flammarion's book, and 605 is named after Juvisy-sur-Orge. He received the highest award of


title: Rita Chowdhury

texts: <mask> is an Indian poet, novelist and Sahitya Akademi Award recipient. She is an associate professor in the Political Science Department at Cotton College. She is the director of the National Book Trust. Early life and education was born in 1960 to the writer and social worker <mask> and his wife. She attended Margherita Public Higher Secondary School and Upper Haflong L.P. School. During the Assam movement, she became involved in the movement and was jailed several times. She obtained her B.A.Cotton College had a political science program. She received her MA in political science from Gauhati University and her PhD in Comparative Literature from Gauhati University. Her thesis was about society and women psychology. In the Political Science Department of Cotton College in Assam, <mask> has been an associate professor since 2001. She was a lecturer in political science at Diphu Government College in Karbi Anglong from 1989 to 1991. In 1981 he won the first prize in a competition for his novel, "English: Incessant Journey." In the late 80's and 90's, he wrote a series of novels, including The Shrine in 1988, Maha Jibanar Adharshila in 1993, Nayana Tarali Sujata in 1996, and Popiya Torar Xadhu in 1996.Some aspects of the society are depicted in her novels. She received the Sahitya Akademi Award in 2008 for her novel, which was based on the Tiwas of Assam. The English translation of Makam shows the reality of life and the society. Sometimes it is contemporary and sometimes it is historical. Some of her novels have a flow of feminism. She writes novels that are

masks:
Rita
Biraja Nanda Chowdhury
Rita Chowdhury


title: Vinny Castilla

masks:
Vinny
" Castilla Soria
Castilla


title: Vinny Castilla


title: Vinny Castilla

texts: 4, 1999, Castilla was a part of history as the Rockies played their opening day game in Mexico. Major League Baseball started the regular season outside of the United States or Canada for the first time. The Padres were the defending National League champion. Colorado won 8–2 as Castilla had four hits, including a double. In honor of former Rockies first baseman Andrés Galarraga, who was diagnosed with cancer and missed the entire 1999 season, Castilla switched his jersey number to 14.On June 6, 1999, <mask> produced his first career three- home run game. He finished the season with a.275 batting average, but it was the first time in 5 years that he failed to reach the.300 mark. He had 19 errors at third base. Prior to the 2000 season, <mask> was sent to the Tampa Bay Devil Rays, a team that featured Jose Canseco, Greg Vaughn and Fred McGriff. He played 85 games and hit for a.221 batting average and 6 home runs. He was traded to the Houston Astros the following year and played only 24 games. <mask> went to play for the Houston Astros after playing only 24 games for the other team.He made it to the post season with the Astros, where he hit.273 with a solo home run in the NLDS. The Braves signed him as a free agent in 2002. He

masks: Castilla Castilla Castilla


title: Vinny Castilla

masks: Castilla Castilla


title: Myrna Fahey

texts: <mask> was an American actress best known for her roles as Maria Crespo in "Zorro" and "The Fall of the House of Usher". She appeared in 37 episodes of television from the 1950s to the 1970s. <mask> was the youngest of three children and was born in Carmel, Maine. She and her brothers attended Carmel Grammar School. Southwest Harbor was where her father worked at the Manset Boat Yard. She was a member of the Girl Scouts and took dancing lessons. At Pemetic High School in Southwest Harbor, she was involved in musicals, plays and public speaking.She was the only girl in her school to win a state-level Girls Athletic Association award. She captained the girl's basketball team, was a cheerleader for four years, and was a member of the school's wilderness exploring club. She was 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 She returned to Maine in the spring of 1952 because she couldn't find acting work after her drama school stint. She entered the Miss

masks:
Myrna Fahey
Myrna


title: Myrna Fahey

texts: Maine contest after being chosen Miss Mount Desert Island 1950 and Miss Poultry Queen of Hancock County 1951. She was the first runner-up at the state fair. The Miss Maine Cosmetology 1952 title was won by Fahey the following month.Hollywood scouts were interested in her because of her placement in the Miss Maine contests. She returned to California and found work at a local television station. She was one of the fashion model hostesses on Queen for a Day and did photo shoots for the station's advertisers and other programs. Cavalcade of America was her first real acting job and she appeared in an episode called "Margin for Victory". Fahey did occasional work on KHJ. She worked at the Broadway department store. In March 1955, Warner Brothers gave her a small uncredited part in A Handful of Clouds, which was later released as I Died a Thousand Times.She did well in her first film and the studio used her for a new show. <mask> was in the first episode of King's Row. During the summer of 1955, the Warners job finished, so <mask> <mask> committed to an extended publicity campaign for the title of Miss Rheingold. There was a beauty contest from August to October 1955. The general public could vote for the six "finalists" at various venues around the country. Even though she didn't win, <mask> received a lot of national publicity from personal appearances and newspaper photos. Harrison Carroll, a syndicated columnist, reported in December 1955 that she was at a night club with a Frank Sinatra associate.In January 1956, <mask> was selected to be a "Baby Star", a short-lived attempt to revive the oldWAMPAS annual tradition.

masks: Myrna Myrna Fahey Myrna Myrna


title: Myrna Fahey

texts: <mask>'s career ended for the rest of the year. She was only doing hostess bits for public events. <mask> had a steady stream of film and television work, though her roles were still small and uncredited. She moved from Burbank to a large apartment in Beverly Hills that she shared with her mother and registered as a Republican. Matinee Theater, an anthology series that presented a new hour-long movie every afternoon, was her mainstay for television work at this time. The titles of some of the live original productions she did in 1957 are no longer known.In the fall of 1957, <mask> <mask> did a lot of work for Disney Studios, but it wouldn't be released or broadcast until the following year. <mask> had bright green eyes and was compared to Elizabeth Taylor by some columnists. At the end of 1957 <mask> Fahey had her first professional stage role in the Pasadena Playhouse production of Holiday for Lovers, which was later made into a 1959 film. "<mask> Fahey is a fine actress confined to a lightweight part", said Franklin Argyle. In California, Fahey became an avid skier. One of her contracts required her to have a stock ticker in her dressing room. She dated George Hamilton, as well as dating baseball player Joe DiMaggio.While dating Joe DiMaggio, <mask> was the subject of death threats. The Agnews Developmental Center is a mental hospital in San Jose, California. The patient didn't want to see anyone other than Marilyn Monroe. After a long battle with cancer, <mask> died on May 6, 1973, at St. John's Hospital in Santa Monica. She is buried in a mountain. There is a cemetery in Bangor, Maine. In a 1960 interview, she

masks: Myrna Myrna Myrna Fahey Myrna Myrna Myrna Fahey Fahey


title: Myrna Fahey

texts: complained that she was being typecast in "good girl" roles because of her morals, even though she wanted to play darker and more complicated characters.She appeared on Gunsmoke as the sheriff's daughter in an episode titled "Innocent Broad" in the late 1950s. She played a supporting role in "Duel at Sundown", which featured Clint Eastwood as a villain. She played Dee Cooper, the owner of a cattle ranch, in a conflict with the herd of sheep. She played the role of Melanie Craig in an episode of Straightaway, "Troubleshooter" in 1961. She had a role in the Boris Karloff TV series "Girl with a Secret" in the 1960s. Her Western parts became darker. The cast of "Breed of Violence" presented her with an award for "best slapper in a Filmed Series" after she cut her lip during a rough love scene.Father of the Bride was a one-season television series that starred Spencer Tracy and Elizabeth Taylor. One reviewer pointed out that she "looks enough like Liz Taylor to be her sister." The fact that I'm supposed to look like Elizabeth Whats-Her-Name had nothing to do with my getting the part, because we don't really look alike. According to reports, <mask> wanted to leave the show even before it came up for renewal, because she felt that too much emphasis was being placed on the "Father" character and not enough on her "bride". She played a role in the TV version of Peyton Place. There were four guest appearances on the drama series "Perry Mason", including murder victim <mask> Warren in the 1965, episode "The Case of the Gambling Lady". She was in two Batman episodes, "Holy Rat Race" and "True or False-Face".There are links to

masks: Fahey Myrna


title: William Stewart Rose

texts: <mask> held Government offices and was a British poet, translator and Member of Parliament. He was well- connected in the political and literary world and made a mark by his championed of Italian poets and a style of verse based on their influence as satirists. <mask> and his wife Theodora Duer had two sons, <mask> and <mask>. He attended Hyde Abbey School under Charles Richards. He left without a degree and entered Lincoln's Inn in 1796. <mask> was the Clerk of Pleas at the Exchequer and the Reading Clerk to the House of Lords. He and his father were the Member of Parliament for Christchurch from 1796 to 1800.<mask>'s appointment as Clerk of Pleas was seen as an example of his father's cronyism by Nathaniel Wraxall. <mask> treated his posts as permanent. <mask> and Napoleon traveled in continental Europe. He lost the use of one side and went to the baths at Abano Terme after an attack of apoplexy in Verona. <mask> helped Foscolo come to the UK in 1816. <mask> went to the Veneto for a year. <mask> retired from his House of Lords post after suffering a stroke.He had paralytic attacks. He lived in the city. A friend in the Rev. had visitors from London. The brief memoir for the 1864 edition of <mask>'s Ariosto translation was written by Charles Townsend. <mask> met Charles Macfarlane at an evening given to her by a friend. <mask> was recorded in Henry Crabb Robinson's diary at a breakfast given by Samuel Rogers. <mask> was an imbecile by the time of his death, according to Rogers.<mask> met Walter Scott in London. Scott came to know John Sawrey Morritt through <mask>. The

masks:
William Stewart Rose
George Rose
George Henry Rose
Life Rose
Rose
Rose
Rose
Rose
Rose
Rose
Rose
Rose
Rose
Rose
Rose
Rose
Rose


title: William Stewart Rose

texts: introductory poem of Marmion was addressed to <mask> by Scott. The group around the Quarterly Review was associated with wits of the Anti-Jacobin circle. They were interested in Italian poetry. John Herman Merivale was a translator for Luigi Pulci. Lord and <mask> met in Venice and Seville in the 19th century.In terms of style and tone, and the use of ottava rima, Beppo: A Venetian Story owed something to the "Whistlecraft" Arthurian burlesque published by Frere, for <mask>, as the Prospectus and Specimen of an intended National Work. The satiric style was worked out completely in Don Juan. <mask> was the author. From the political opponents of the "Whistlecraft" verse,Byron was as much provoked to competition as influenced. Beppo was thought to be by <mask>. In his letter to Frere, published in 1834, <mask> called him the "Father of his final song". <mask> joined the Holland House set of Whigs despite his personal connection to <mask> the younger.The translation of the Orlando Furioso of Ariosto was one of <mask>'s major works. John Murray II, seeing the success of Beppo as setting a new literary trend, commissioned the work on which <mask> had already made a start, for part publication. There was a later edition in the library. Charles Sumner was told that <mask>'s translation was better than the one he had been reading by John Hoole. The Elizabethan version of John Harington is not preferred by a modern view. The Court and Parliament of Beasts was written by Giovanni Battista Casti. The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography named this animal tale <mask>'s main claim

masks:
Rose
Rose
Rose
Rose
Rose
Rose
Rose
William Pitt
Works Rose
Rose
Rose
Rose


title: William Stewart Rose

texts: to critical attention.Each canto is prefaced by a personal dedication. The dedications were addressed to Sir Robert Ainslie, 1st Baronet, and Walter Scott. The limited edition by <mask> was preceded by the 1819 edition by John Murray. The Naval History of the Late War was the only one. There was a free and concise translation from the first three books of the French romance by Herberay des Essarts. <mask> copied the style of Gregory Lewis Way, editor of French Fabliaux. Partenopex de Blois was written in French by Pierre Jean-Baptiste Legrand d'Aussy.Benjamin Disraeli made fun of <mask> in the movie. The Crusade of St. Louis and Edward the Martyr is a song. Apology, or Anecdotes of Monkeys, is a pseudonym. <mask> and Robert Whistlecraft published it for <mask>. You can see above. The letters were from the North of Italy. Travel writing.The letters were addressed to a man. They mention the satirical poet Giuseppe Parini. The Italian prose of Francesco Berni was translated into prose, with some verse passages. The work was prompted by Henry Vassall-Fox, 3rd Baron Holland. An essay on translation is in Thoughts and Recollections by One of the Last Century. <mask> wrote five articles in the Quarterly Review in the 18th and 19th century. <mask> had a relationship with a married woman in 1818 and was in Venice for around a year.They lived as a married couple after he returned to England. They were married in 1835 in BRIGHTON, where they had settled after her husband's death. They didn't have any children. There are links to births and deaths of people from the New Forest

masks:
William Bulmer
Rose
Rose
William
Rose
Rose
Rose


title: Chip Cravaack

masks: Chip Cravaack


title: Chip Cravaack

texts: science degree. <mask> served in the Navy as a helicopter pilot, fulfilling an early ambition. He earned a master's degree in education from the University of West Florida while he was in the Navy. After his discharge from active duty, he served in the Naval Reserve, primarily with aircraft carrier crew augmentation unit, doing administrative work in support, and retiring in 2009 with the rank of Captain. <mask> began working as a pilot for Northwest Airlines in 1990 after moving to Minnesota. After being out of work for two years in the early 1990s due to layoffs, he became a simulator instructor for a subsidiary of Northwest Airlines.He worked for the Airline Pilots Association. The 1998 pilots' strike brought military discipline and parade-ground style marching to the picket lines. He and his family lived in Lindstrom. He retired from Northwest in 2007, received a medical disability pension, and became a stay-at- home dad. In the early 1990s, <mask> said he drew unemployment benefits. Cravaack teaches U.S. history, economics, civics and the U.S. government in New Hampshire. <mask> was inspired to run for Congress by a suggestion from a talk radio show host that voters demand town hall meetings with their congressmen during the health care bill Tea Party movement protests of August 2009.When Oberstar did not show up for a meeting with <mask>, he decided to challenge him in the November 2010 election.

masks: Cravaack Cravaack Cravaack Cravaack Cravaack


title: Chip Cravaack

texts: <mask> was a political novice when he entered the race. Oberstar was the longest-serving congressman in Minnesota's history, and the 8th had been in Democratic hands since 1947. <mask>'s home was in Chisago County, in the southern part of the district. Anne Neu was his campaign manager. <mask>'s campaign was structured like a military operation, according to the Star Tribune. He gave volunteers ranks such as commander, captain, and precinct lieutenant when he toured the district in a motor home.The district voters were attracted to his experience as a union steward. <mask> advocated for free-market principles and government spending cuts. He attacked Oberstar's vote on the health care bill, saying he would vote to repeal and replace it, and called an Oberstar-approved extension of the Clean Water Act to include wet meadow a "land grab" by the federal government. <mask> attacked Oberstar's vote on "cap and trade" legislation to limit carbon emissions, saying it would result in higher energy prices, and criticized the process that Oberstar had used to fund infrastructure projects in the district, saying it was time for the spending to stop. <mask> paid homage to Oberstar's service, but accused him of having lost touch with the district in his first ad. Oberstar called for a more civil atmosphere at the next debate after the crowd jeered him at a candidate debate. The economic issues were the focus of the

masks: Cravaack Cravaack Cravaack Cravaack Cravaack Cravaack


title: Chip Cravaack

texts: second debate.The 2003 Bush tax cuts should be continued in all tax brackets because they stimulated employment, and Oberstar said he would end the tax cut for the top two percent of earners because the lowered tax had caused part of the deficit. A poll done for KSTP-TV in the Twin Cities in October showed Oberstar ahead of Cravaack by one point. The former Speaker of the House Newt Gingrich endorsed <mask>. Minnesota's largest pro-life organization, Minnesota Citizens Concerned for Life, and the largest newspaper in the district endorsed him. In the November 2 election, <mask> scored one of the biggest upsets in Minnesota political history, defeating Oberstar by 4,400 votes. He believed the abortion issue was crucial to his victory because he had argued that the health care law allowed for the payment of abortions with taxpayer funds. The bill was characterized by <mask> as an example of socialized medicine that would result in rationing of medical care.<mask> lost to Rick Nolan, a former U.S. Representative for the 6th district. <mask> was elected to the House Republican Conference chair in November of 2010 and supported fellow Minnesota Representative Bachmann for the position. In March of 2011, <mask> came under fire from students and community leaders for voting for a budget bill that made cuts to the federal Pell Grant program, which provides financial aid to college students. During a House


title: Chip Cravaack

texts: Homeland Security Committee hearing, he implied that Los Angeles County Sheriff Lee Baca was furthering the goals of a terrorist organization. In March 2012 <mask> introduced a bill in Congress that would have allowed mining and logging in the Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness and Superior National Forest through a land exchange that would rely on the state environmental review process. He sponsored a bill that required the TSA to treat military personnel with respect while traveling on orders or in uniform. He said the intent of the bill was to make it easier for military personnel to go through security.<mask> voted against the Budget Control Act, saying, "You cut with a scalpel, not a meat ax." The Mesabi Daily News in Virginia endorsed <mask> in the 2012 election. He lost to Rick Nolan by 9 points on November 6. Committee assignments 112th Congress Committee on Homeland Security Subcommittee on Counterterrorism and Intelligence Subcommittee on Transportation Security Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure Subcommittee on Aviation Subcommittee on Coast Guard and Maritime Transportation Subcommittee on Water Resources and Environment Subcommittee on Science, Space and Technology Subcommittee on Technology and Innovation He is a social studies teacher at Bishop Guertin High School. <mask> for Congress official campaign website has 1959 births of 21st-century American politicians and people of

masks: Cravaack Cravaack Cravaack Cravaack


title: Ian McDonald (musician)

texts: <mask> was a founding member of the progressive rock band King Crimson in 1968, as well as a founding member of the hard rock band Foreigner in 1976. <mask> began his music career as a musician in the army. He was a member of King Crimson and played on their 1969 debut album In the Court of the Crimson King. He co-founded Foreigner in New York City in the mid-1970s. He was a member of the 21st Century Schizoid Band. He was a session musician, mostly as a saxophonist. <mask> was born on June 25, 1946, and was a member of the army.He learned to play the guitar while growing up in a musical family. His interests were varied from classical orchestra to dance bands. He joined the British Army at the age of 15 and was a bandman for five years. Initially playing the clarinet, he later learned piano, flute and saxophone and taught himself music theory. After leaving the army, <mask> moved back to London and began making music with Judy Dyble. Robert Fripp and Michael Giles introduced the pair to each other. <mask> was in the first line up of the group.<mask> played a lot of the instruments on the album. <mask> and Giles left and formed a new group called <mask> and Giles, which had an orchestral backing in place of a Mellotron. He wanted to rejoin the band as a full member but didn't get the chance as Fripp split the band. In 1997, the release of the King Crimson four-CD set Epitaph, consisting of rare live recordings of the 1969 version of King Crimson,

masks:
Ian Richard McDonald
McDonald
McDonald
McDonald
McDonald
McDonald
McDonald
McDonald


title: Ian McDonald (musician)

texts: renewed interest in the early Crimson material. The 21st Century Schizoid Band formed in 2002 and has released several albums. Michael Giles, Peter Giles, Mel Collins, and Jakko Jakszyk were members of the band. <mask> replaced Michael Giles after the first tour.<mask> moved to New York City in the 70s. In 1976, he became a founding member of the band Foreigner, for whom he played guitar as well as his woodwinds and keyboards. <mask> made significant contributions to the group's arrangement and production, even though Foreigner was a more conventional rock band. He left the group after disagreements with Mick Jones. <mask> was a session musician and played on T. Rex's hit "Get It On (Bang a Gong)", where he borrowed Mel Collins' saxophone. He was on Centipede's album. Canis Lupus and Modern Masquerades were produced by him."<mask>'s Lament" was dedicated to Canis Lupus. He released a solo album called Drivers Eyes in 1999. Steve Hackett was a guitarist for Genesis and was included on the album The Tokyo Tapes. A performance of "The Court of the Crimson King" was included in the group. <mask> contributed to several tracks on Judy Dyble's release. <mask> and Fripp were on the "Harpsong" on the album. <mask> and Ted Zurkowski formed a band called Honey West, which released an album called Bad Old World.Death <mask> died of colon cancer at his home in New York City at the age of 75. A week before his death, <mask> apologized to Fripp for leaving the

masks:
Ian Wallace
McDonald
McDonald
McDonald
McDonald
McDonald
McDonald
McDonald
McDonald
McDonald


title: James Macdonald (British Army officer)

texts: Major General Sir <mask> was a British engineer, explorer, military officer and cartographer. He was a balloon observer as a young man, surveyed for railways in British India and East Africa, explored the upper Nile region, commanded balloon sections, and led the British expedition to Tibet. <mask> was the son of a surgeon-major and a sister of an Egyptologist when he was young. He attended the University of Aberdeen and the Aberdeen Grammar School. He was gazetted to the Royal Engineers in the late 19th century. <mask> was appointed to the corps of Bengal Sappers and Miners, Torpedo service, Calcutta on special duty as a balloon photographer. He worked in the Indian railway organization and served in the Hazara campaign.After seven years of service in India, <mask> was ready to leave for England when he was offered the job of Chief Engineer of the proposed railway survey from Mombasa to the Victoria Nyanza. He went to England to find out what would happen. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society in November of 1891. The Imperial British East Africa Company was to survey a railway route from Mombasa on the Indian Ocean to Port Florence on the shores of Lake Victoria. The Survey took more than a year to start. Sickness, attacks by ants, bees, lions and elephants, formidable physical obstacles and hostile Africans were some of the difficulties that <mask> encountered in his survey of 27,000 miles of possible route for the railway. His carriers and other followers were affected by all of these.The caravan route to the Great Rift Valley was found to be the best path for the line, followed by the easiest way to get to Lake Victoria. Construction of a three-foot six-inch gauge railway was recommended by <mask> and John Wallace Pringle. The civilizing effect of Kikuyuland would drive out slavery, but the railway was

masks:
James Ronald Leslie Macdonald
Macdonald
Macdonald
Macdonald
Macdonald
Macdonald


title: James Macdonald (British Army officer)

texts: needed to get to the new colony. The IBEA Co didn't have enough money to build the protectorate before handing it over to the British government. George Whitehouse, a young English engineer, directed the construction of the line in 1895. <mask> was impressed by the Baganda people living to the north of the lake. General Gerald Herbert Portal directed <mask> to stay away from the internal affairs of Buganda when he was appointed acting British Commissioner of Uganda in May 1893.The Sudanese troops were withdrawn from the west of the country. He was the Chief Staff Officer of the expedition to Bunyoro in 1894. He was posted back to India. The leader of another expedition to Uganda was in London when he was appointed. The British were worried that France or Italy would claim some of Uganda's territory. Kitchener captured the Battle of Omdurman on September 2, 1898, after he advanced up the Nile towards Khartoum. The French column under Jean-Baptiste Marchand was striking across Africa from Senegal to the south of Khartoum on the Nile and would get there before Kitchener.<mask> told him to reach Fashoda first. The officers of the expedition arrived in July 1897. The force was divided into three columns after moving inland. 300 men would be led north by Captain Herbert H. Austin to find the source of the river. The second column would go northwest to the Nile and then downstream to the French. The first two would be supplied by a third column. The plans were thrown into disarray when the escort of Nubian troops from Sudan deserted and fled to Lake Victoria.The Nubian troops were the garrison of Equatoria in the south of Sudan. They retreated south to Lake Albert after Muhammad Ahmad's forces threatened them in 1885. Henry Morton Stanley saved Emin in the late 19th century. The Nubians had accepted the offer of Captain Frederick Lugard

masks: Macdonald Macdonald Macdonald


title: James Macdonald (British Army officer)

texts: to sign up with the British in 1891, but over the years they had accumulated many grievances. <mask> spent the next seven months trying to suppress their mutiny, finally handing over responsibility for this task in May 1898 to troops that had been dispatched from India. <mask> didn't have enough people or supplies to reach his original goal by the end of May 1898. Instead, his column would aim for Lado, further south on the Nile, while Austin's column would pursue its original objective of exploring around Lake Rudolf.The route to Lado <mask>'s column took him through Lotuko country, which is now the Eastern Equatoria state of South Sudan. <mask> recommended that the Lotuko lands be incorporated into Uganda because he saw a resemblance between the Lotuko and the Maasai people. The force was dissolved early in 1899 after both of <mask>'s columns completed their revised tasks. The whole of Africa was brought under European rule in the last incident of the Scramble for Africa. He was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath on 1 January 1900 and invested by Queen Victoria at Windsor Castle on 1 March 1900. Interlude <mask> became a fellow of the Royal Geographical Society in 1891 and gave an account of his African expedition to the society in 1899. He was posted to South Africa, where he was responsible for introducing most of the new sections of balloon watchers.Over 450,000 men were required by the British to subdue Dutch settlers who were trying to preserve their independence. The forces numbered less than 60,000. The field telephone, searchlights and barbed wire were introduced during the war. The First World War saw the development of a technique that supported infantry advances against entrenched opponents armed with rifles and machine guns. The British imperial troops were fighting the Boxer Rebellion in China when

masks: Macdonald Macdonald Macdonald Macdonald Macdonald Macdonald


title: James Macdonald (British Army officer)

texts: <mask> left in August 1900. He became Director of Railways for the China expeditionary force. The growing power of European powers in China over trade, religion and control of territory was the cause of the fighting in China.Europeans in Beijing were besieged by a popular uprising. The European colonial powers imposed harsh conditions after suppressing the uprising. <mask> was posted to Mauritius in 1900 as general officer commanding. The British were suspicious of the intentions of the Russian Empire. The British decided to send a diplomatic and trade mission to Tibet in order to show their strength. The project was turned into an armed invasion when the Tibetans refused to accept the mission. In October 1903 the strength of the mission's escort was brought up to a brigade with about 2,500 British and Indian troops.He was told to avoid aggression and act in a defensive role as the mission advanced into Tibet. The unskilled laborers were part of the expedition. On December 11, 1903, the British army left Sikkim and occupied Phari at the northern end of the 60-mile long Chumbi Valley. They stayed at Tuna until the end of March, hoping to negotiate with the Tibetans. On 31 March the force advanced, soon coming in contact with a force of about 3,000 Tibetans armed with antique matchlock muskets. The British opened fire on the Tibetans and 600 to 700 died. The British-led troops had superior weapons.The British expressed disgust with the slaughter of their opponents during the engagement. The wounded were taken to makeshift hospitals. Many were shot in the back. The original destination of Gyantse was reached on 12 April 1904. <mask> earned the nickname "Retiring Mac" because he took half the force back to New Chumbi to check communications. There may have been disagreements between MacDonald as military leader, backed by Herbert


title: James Macdonald (British Army officer)

texts: Kitchener, and the younger and more junior Younghusband, backed by George Curzon. <mask>'s reputation had led one of the officers in the expedition to expect that he would be more timid than he was.Younghusband threatened to resign twice because he was so frustrated by <mask>'s cautious approach. Logistical problems increased as the supply chain grew, so caution may have been justified. Supplies were needed daily according to one account. Younghusband authorized more aggressive action in <mask>'s absence. The situation remained confused after he achieved some tactical successes. Younghusband returned to New Chumbi to report to <mask> on June 10, 1904, because he had exceeded his authority. The fortress of Gyantse Dzong was reached by the reinforced escort by 24 June 1904.The Tibetans were forced to abandon their position after troops invaded the fortress on July 6. After clearing the road, <mask> handed over command to Younghusband for the trip to Lhasa. He was given a K.C.I.E. The Knight Commander of the Indian Empire received a decoration for his services in Tibet. From 1900 to 1912, <mask> was the general officer commanding in Mauritius. The University of Aberdeen gave a decree in the Faculty of Law on <mask>. At the age of 65, <mask> died in Bournemouth, Hampshire, England.The Great Game British expedition to Tibet was also mentioned. The officers gentlemen and thieves were involved in the loot of monasteries during the Younghusband Mission to Tibet. William John Ottley was with mounted infantry in Tibet. India and Tibet; a history of the relations between the two countries from the time of Warren Hastings to 1910; with a particular account of the mission to Lhasa. The University of Aberdeen History of Uganda Knights Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire British military personnel of the British expedition to Tibet was

masks: Macdonald Macdonald Macdonald Macdonald Macdonald Macdonald Macdonald Macdonald


title: Hassan Rowshan

texts: <mask> is an Iranian football coach, manager, and former player. He played as a forward. He is the head of the technical committee. <mask> joined the Taj youth team when he was 13 years old. He was 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 He used to go to the Taj with his father. His father would either wait for <mask> to finish training, carefully watching his moves or given half a chance would join in the senior matches when the eldest fancied a game of football.During their long trip back home, <mask>'s father would always talk football to him, never tiring from the subject and always willing to advise and offer tips on how to improve his game and skills. The school's football championship was <mask>'s first success. He was a member of the football team in the sixth grade. He thought of future championship and grand occasions when he experienced the sweet taste of championship at that early age. Although the championship was sweet at school level, <mask> did not consider playing this level of football anything other than a hobby and filling the gap. When a

masks:
Hassan Rowshan
Rowshan
Hassan
Hassan
Rowshan
Rowshan


title: Hassan Rowshan

texts: visiting Brazilian youth team was in town for a friendly match, he had his first taste of football. There were 20 thousand spectators at Amjadieh Stadium.<mask> was given an opportunity to play the last 20 minutes by the trainer. This was a very difficult experience for a kid who never played in front of a lot of people. The team lost the match because of his fear of the crowd. Like many Iranians of his generation, he was a fan of football. His father bought him a plastic ball so that he wouldn't bother them. During one of the matches with the SaadAbad team, a national team forward whispered to him "You are a complete player" as he approached him. <mask> was recruited for Sharq, a team in the third division of Tehran league.The team failed to gain promotion to the second division because his contribution was not successful. <mask> was determined to join a club in the league rather than going back to street football after he tasted competitive football. The Taj club is one of the two big clubs of Iran. <mask> was a household name in Iran. He won many titles with his club, Taj Tehran. He played his first season in Takht Jamshid Cup when he was 17 years old. He reached the second place in 1974 after winning the Iranian league in 1975.He won the Hazfi Cup in 1977. Although <mask> had limited playing time in Argentina, the scouts from several countries discovered his potential and sent representations to his club in order to recruit him. <mask> settled in the U.S. for the club of Al-Ahli. They won the title with their national teammate, <mask>i. He joined Esteghlal F.C. in 1982. Again for a few games. In 1984 he returned to Esteghlal F.C.He won the Tehran Province League in 1985. The highlights of his career were winning the football

masks:
Rowshan
Rowshan
Rowshan
Rowshan
Hasan Rowshan
Rowshan
Hassan Nazar