title: George N. Kates

texts: and was hired as a cultural consultant to assist with the accuracy of European movie productions. <mask> felt the loss of his friends, the cultural world of Europe and the East Coast, when he was in Hollywood California in 1927. There was a selection of settings for filming, props and costumes that were appropriate to European settings.In order to broaden their offerings, Paramount was in the process of producing a number of French and German pieces. Kates worked with European actors who spoke no English. Many of the stars of the late 1920s and early 1930s were familiar to him. Kates was left without a job in the midst of the Depression because the East Coast operations of Paramount were closed down. Kates was at a turning point in his life when he decided to go to China. After living in New England, Kates began to read a lot and even taught himself Chinese. He was offered a scholarship by one of his Harvard professors to go to Beijing and learn the language and culture.He had spent his life studying European history and the arts and his knowledge of European languages, but now he was starting a new field of work in which he didn't know anything. It didn't make sense to Paul. It was a bold decision, but one that would pay dividends. Kates had the best years of his life in China. He traveled through the Panama Canal to Victoria, BC, and then onto Tokyo before finally arriving in Shanghai. Kates went to the Chinese language school in Beijing to learn how to speak and write Chinese. He moved out of the school accommodation and out of the Foreign Legation Quarter after a few months.The most historic portion of the Chinese capital was called the Tartar City and was home to a variety of courtyard houses and Chinese accommodations. He fell under the spell of


title: George N. Kates

type: paraphrased

texts: Chinese classical hardwood furniture which had been the furniture of choice for princely and aristocratic families since the 16th century, but had not made it to the West, and so was virtually unknown by American and European museums and collectors. Kates and other expats were able to build collections of these pieces that were being sold off by families that had previously enjoyed Imperial patronage, but were now penniless.The simple, Taoist beauty of these pieces was amazing. They were made from the finest woods from India and Southeast Asia and they had a beautiful appearance. Kates studied how the pieces were used in Chinese everyday life. Even though he had modest resources from various scholarships and awards, he built a fine collection of pieces that he could afford. His sister was working for a leading New York designer and he wanted to import these fine pieces to America. Kates lived in a Chinese courtyard house in 1935. In the company of two faithful servants, he set about establishing a traditional style Chinese household.The heart of <mask>' Beijing life was his three courtyard house. It was located in the northeast corner of Imperial City. The house and street were once part of the various cottage industries set up by Emperor Yong Le to serve the needs of the Palace. Kates was forced to leave Beijing in 1941 if he was to be held in a camp because of the Japanese presence in North China. He was able to take his collection of furniture and Chinese antiques with him when he sailed back to the United States. After the war Kates worked on his articles and began a memoir of his experiences in China, but after his fellowship ended he volunteered for government service and was sent to Western China to gather documents for the war effort. He served


title: George N. Kates

texts: in this position from 1943 to 1945.The Chinese portion of the United Nations Charter was drafted by <mask> on his return to America. <mask> struggled to find his place in American life after leaving China. Going back after 1945 was impractical because of the wrenching experience of leaving China. He needed to read his books on the subject. Kates published Chinese Household Furniture (Dover) in 1948 which explained the art form with examples from expat collections. It was a seminal book on the subject and the basis for future more expansive texts in the decades to come. In 1946, <mask> put on a solo exhibition of his own pieces at the Brooklyn Museum, which was well received and well done, as Kates was recognized in America as being an authority on the subject of classical furniture.The museum hired Kates in 1947 to be their Asian Curator, and he stayed there for two years, but he didn't fit in with the hierarchy or the work, and left in 1949. Home and Garden Magazine examined various aspects of Chinese hardwood furniture in the late 1940s and 1950s. He gave talks about the subject at museums and social clubs. The Years That Were Fat was completed in 1952. Critics liked the book, but it was slow to gain traction. <mask> felt that his work was a failure and that he had missed the boat. He was wrong.Readers loved the down-to-earth, authentic and revealing account that Kates had imaginatively put together and through word of mouth the book's popularity spread. In 1967, 1976, 1989 and 2015 it was published again. It has come in many ways to symbolize the period in Beijing history of which Kates writes, a period fondly remembered by Chinese and expats alike. <mask> has become best known for his memoir. <mask> collaborated with Willa Cather, the 1920s

masks: Kates Kates Kates Kates Kates Kates


title: George N. Kates

texts: American writer, on two published essays. Kates contributed to Willa Cather in Europe and her own story of the first journey. Kates had run out of work in 1954.He didn't have money for food. He had to take drastic action because he was forced to sell most of his collection. Kates didn't have a lot of income in the 1950s. He was moving from room to room. He lived in a house in New Mexico that was owned by a friend of his. He was able to draw social security at the age of 65. A small annuity from the sale of his antiques and modest royalties from his books helped him through his retirement years.<mask> moved to Austria in order to maximize his funds. Eleanor Stuart was an obscure Austrian Princess. <mask> spent four years researching his princess in Innsbruck. After returning to the US in 1965, <mask> lived in Boston for 15 years. He traveled to Austria and Scotland to continue his research. Kates was a single man at Boston dinner parties. He never married or had children and his romances were kept under wraps.He was able to develop a body of research on Eleanor Stuart, but was unable to find a publisher for a book. Kates was forced to return home from Scotland in 1980 when she became sick. After breaking his leg in the Massachusetts General Hospital, he had no other choice but to move into a retirement home. He was frustrated by Kates' nursing home life. <mask> died at the age of 94. The Atlantic Ocean was where his ashes were spread. Legacy <mask> has inspired a number of writers to research and examine his life in China and his work in the area of Chinese antiques.An author went to great lengths to find and interview a man who died in a New England nursing home. The conclusion to Bordewich's book is his account of his experiences with Kates and

masks:
Kates
Kates
Kates
George Kates
Kates


title: George N. Kates

texts: finding her courtyard house during the Communist era. A chapter devoted to Kates and his influence on the genre is included in the definitive book on Chinese classical furniture written by Sarah Handler. Michael Meyer was inspired by Kates when he went to Beijing and later wrote of his own experiences living in a courtyard house. The biography of <mask>, entitled A Love Affair with Old Beijing, The Remarkable Life of <mask>, was published in 2015. In 1953, <mask>' furniture collection was dispersed. There are pieces in the Cleveland Museum of Art.<mask>, <mask>., and Hedda Morrison wrote The Years That Were Fat: Peking, 1933-1940. <mask><mask> wrote an article about Miss Cather's last unfinished story. <mask><mask> wrote an article about Miss Cather's last unfinished story. Western Queers in China, Rowman & Littlefield, A Love Affair with Old Beijing, and The Remarkable Life of <mask> are

masks:
George Kates
George Kates
Kates
Kates
George N
George N
. Kates
George N
. Kates
George Kates


title: Nathan Thompson (Australian footballer)

texts: <mask> is a former Australian rules footballer who played for Hawthorn and North Melbourne in the Australian Football League. He was a panelist on the Sunday Footy Show. <mask> was recruited from Kyneton and played for the Hawthorn Football Club. <mask> was selected in the 1997 draft and was an important player for the club. In Hawthorn's 2001 campaign, they came within two goals of playing in the Grand Final, and <mask> finished third in the Peter Crimmins Medal. <mask> was the club's leading goalkicker in both 2003 and 2004. In 2004 <mask> admitted to the media that he had been suffering from clinical depression, a saga that raised awareness of the condition.At the end of 2004, <mask> was a prized recruit for the North Melbourne Football Club and was seen as a big forward option alongside Saverio Rocca at the club. This was not a permanent move due to Rocca's age and the top-heaviness of the Roos' forward line, but he did find himself working in rotation and occasionally in tandem with Rocca up forward. <mask> was the leading goalkicker for 2005 with 52 goals and was considered a good choice for the Roos. The most memorable game of <mask>'s was against the Pies. <mask> was part of a revival where the Kangaroos were able to take the lead in the dying moments. He scored 3 goals, including the matchwinner just before the end of the game. The fist pump he gestured with was one of the most famous images of the 2005 season.<mask> was 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217

masks:
Nathan Thompson
Thompson
Thompson
Thompson
Thompson
Thompson
Thompson
Thompson
Thompson
Thompson
Thompson


title: Nathan Thompson (Australian footballer)

texts: 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 <mask> helped the Kangaroos get back in the game after they were down at half-time. <mask> was a dangerous presence up forward for North, as he took a couple of important contested marks and was in control of the Demons' defence. He put the Kangaroos in front after they had trailed for much of the last three quarters and was on his way to possibly putting in a match-winning performance. <mask> put himself on the bench, replacing himself with Drew Petrie, after a last-quarter chase of <mask>. He stood up and looked like he wanted to come back onto the ground. Thompson said that he was tired and spent as the reason for his early exit from the game.This controversy received a lot of media attention but for Sirengate, which occurred the day after the North Melbourne-Melbourne match and was so big that <mask>'s voluntary send off was put on the back-burner. In Round 6 <mask> said that he was willing to put the previous week's debacle aside and perform with an 8-goal haul, the best of his career, to give the Kangaroos a 22-point victory to lift them off the bottom of the ladder. Glenn wrote an article after <mask>'s taking off incident, he made a point that Thommo had lactic acid in his legs and he decided it would be better for the team if he swapped with Drew. The Pre-Season was great for <mask>, with the new fast running attacking ball play ready to give him more of the football. After kicking a Super Goal against Carlton in the Semi-Finals of theNAB Cup, <mask> tore hisACL in a Practice Match and missed the entire 2007 season. While in Darwin for the Darwin Cup, <mask> criticized former

masks:
Thompson
Thompson
Thompson
Nathan Carroll
Thompson
Thompson
Nathan Thompson
Thompson
Thompson
Thompson


title: Nathan Thompson (Australian footballer)

texts: North Melbourne Football Club champion Wayne Carey about his criticisms of the club, which led Carey to respond with mockery of <mask>'s depression on the Nine Network's Sunday morning Footy Show. Carey was heard to make references to 'necking himself', to the apparent delight of other members of the Footy Show panel.An apology was issued by Carey and the Nine Network, but no mention was made of the 'necking himself' comment. <mask> was considered a possibility of a return in 2007, after recovering well from his knee injury. He didn't play in the round 22 clash against the Western Dogs. He missed out on the finals with coach Laidley saying that he wouldn't risk changing the team's structure that led to their success. <mask> is looking forward to a big return in 2008. <mask> made his return to football in the first round of the 2008 season. <mask> scored 2 goals in the first quarter and 3 goals in the first half.He kicked 4 goals as the Roos were destroyed by the Bombers. <mask>'s performance against Hawthorn in Round 13 earned him an award nomination. Courage, initiative and teamwork are recognised by the publicly voted Award. It was announced on The Footy Show that <mask>'s career with North Melbourne would be coming to an end. <mask> was delisted by North Melbourne on September 19th. On December 24, 2008, <mask> decided to come out of retirement and join the Werribee Tigers in the VFL. This year's J.J. Liston Trophy winner James Podsiadly was a shock departure after crossing to the Tigers, who were desperate to snare a big forward with stature.<mask> played for the Doncaster Football Club in Division 3 of the Eastern Football League and kicked 9 goals in the Grand Final against Wantirna South. He returned to Kyneton in central Victoria in 2016 to play for the Kyneton Tigers. There are external links to this story at

masks:
Thompson
Thompson
Thompson
Thompson
Thompson
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Nathan Thompson
Thompson


title: Emin Arslan

texts: <mask> was a Lebanon author, journalist and editor. The Ottoman Empire had a Consul General in Bordeaux. He wrote books in Arabic, Spanish and French. He initially supported the ideas of the Young Turks, who wanted to restore the Ottoman constitution of 1876 and grant rights to all the individuals and nations of the Empire. <mask> harshly criticized him because he broke with the Young Turks government due to its alliance with the German Empire and World War I. In August 1915, he founded and edited La Nota, a review that denounced the slaughter of Armenia's people. The Hamidian massacres were condemned by him during his stay in Europe.<mask> initially supported a Mandate for Syria. He believed in the idea of the independence of former Ottoman Syria as a single state and denounced it as a corrupt colonization. <mask> <mask> was born in the Ottoman Empire. He was a member of a Druze family that used to have the title of Emirs. <mask> was the son of Zahiyya Shihb and Mad Arsln. He had three brothers who were transliterated as Toufic. Mad Arsln II, a Lebanon's independence hero, was the son of the latter.The current traditional chief of the Arsln family, Talal <mask>, is a great niece of <mask> <mask>. <mask> had no children and was succeeded by his nieces. Both Nuhd Tawfq Arsln and Mad Arsln are related. He had a political career in Mount Lebanon in the 19th century. The conflict with the mutaarrif Na'm P led to his resignation in 1893. On August 24, 1889, <mask> joined the Freemasonry. He joined his friend in exile after he resigned as mudr.The "Turkish Syrian Committee" was founded by Arab expatriates in Paris. They contacted the editor of Meveret, a Turkish

masks:
Emin Arslan
Arslan
Arslan
Emin
Arslan
Emin
Arslan
Emin
Arslan
Emin
Arslan


title: Emin Arslan

texts: newspaper, who was a major supporter of the Young Turks movement. The exiles spread criticism against the Ottoman regime through the general European press and some party organs. They demanded the restoration of the 1876 Ottoman constitution and equal rights for individuals and communities. "Kashf an-Niqb" is a newspaper. "unveiling" was an Arabic written newspaper edited in Paris by <mask> <mask> and his friend, writer and journalist. The concierge was ordered to reveal the names of visitors by the Ottoman embassy."Turkiy al-Fatt" is a newspaper. "Young Turkey" was a bilingual biweekly edited in Paris in Arabic and French from December 1895 through middle 1897 by <mask> <mask> and all nim on behalf of the "Turkish Syrian Committee." The sultan's government was criticized. The Young Ottomans were part of the previous reformist movement. The French Embassy in Constantinople granted him political asylum when he was a member of the first Ottoman parliament. He founded and edited al-Bassir weekly before meeting <mask>. In 1879, he was named a member of the French Legion of Honour.<mask> wrote four articles in the Paris press in 1896 called "Les Affaires de crte", "Les Affaires d' Orient", "Les Troubles de Syrie" and "Les Arménians  Constantinople". The latter was about the brutal response to the occupation of the Ottoman Bank. <mask> and Jules Claretie worked together at the fourth International Press Congress in Sweden in 1897. The Ottoman leadership tried to downplay the exiles' propaganda in Europe. The exiles got some attention in the press. The sultan knows that if we are allowed a free hand in Paris our members and papers can do him more harm than ten

masks: Emin Arslan Emin Arslan Arslan Arslan Arslan


title: Emin Arslan

texts: French men-of-war. The Official Bulletin of the Kingdom of Italy published one of their communiques on January 29, 1897.It was signed byMurd Bey, general deputy of the Young Turkey, all nim, former representative of Syria before the Turkish parliament, and Ahmed Rza Bey. In exchange for ending their propaganda campaign, the Ottoman government sent a man to Paris to contact the opposition and offer a general pardon for political prisoners. <mask> states in his memories that he initially rejected the agreement because he had direct relatives who would be released. The proposal to suspend the agreement until the Ottoman government showed progress was rejected by Cemluddn. He became the Consul General in Bordeaux. The parliament would only be reopened in 1908, after the Young Turks Revolution, after the sultan fulfilled his promises. After the "truce" of 1897, <mask> <mask> became the Consul General of the Ottoman Empire in Bordeaux and stayed in office until 1908.<mask> befriended several people in Belgium, including the director of L'indépendance belge newspaper. <mask> kept publishing articles despite being a member of the Ottoman consular service. According to a 1900 article in The Nation, a new advocate for reform in Turkey has risen in <mask> <mask> Effendi. He sent Abdul Hamid a detailed report of the sufferings of peasants in some of the richest provinces in the empire. Unable to bear the heavy burden of taxation and the arbitrary methods of the farmers of revenue, they were cutting down their trees, tearing up their vines, leaving their lands uncultivated, and even emigrating in vast numbers beyond the seas. More than 100,000 Syrians left America

masks: Arslan Emin Arslan Arslan Arslan Emin Arslan


title: Emin Arslan

texts: alone, and a third of them were Mohammedans. In the history of Islam, this has never happened.He talks about the large number of high officials and their huge salaries in this year's report. The army has forty-four marshals and forty-six viziers with the rank of marshal, as well as eighty members of the Council of State. The Grand Vizier gets twice as much as Lord Salisbury, and Mukhtar Pasha's salary is four times larger. The financial embarrassment of the empire is due to the fact that most of these high officials receive from the Treasury double and sometimes triple their salaries. <mask> wrote a novel called "End of a romance" in Spanish years after the war ended. The main characters are Van Doren, an army officer, and Riette, a French girl. It was first edited in Argentina.<mask> traveled to Constantinople in the middle of the Young Turks Revolution. The Young Turks Revolution took over the power without removing Sultan Abdul Hamid II. The first cousin of <mask> was shot and killed during the Ottoman countercoup of 1909. The remnants of <mask> <mask> had to be taken to Beyrouth. The Emir <mask>, representative for Latakia, was killed in 1909. European friends of <mask> <mask> thought he was the victim. In 1909, the Consul General in Paris was named <mask> <mask>.According to Paris' Le Temps, the Turkish government decided to upgrade its Paris consulate to a general consulate and that Emir <mask> <mask> was the new Consul General in Paris. <mask> stated in his biographic writings that he looked for an alternative destination. The ambassador to France was Na'm P, a former mutaarrif of Mount Lebanon. 17 years before, a conflict with Na'm caused <mask>

masks: Arslan Arslan Arslan Emin Arslan Arslan Emin Arslan Emin Arslan Emin Arslan Arslan Arslan


title: Emin Arslan

texts: to resign as mudr and his exile. <mask> asked to be transferred to Buenos Aires after learning about the new relations between the Ottoman Empire and the Argentine Republic. On 11 June 1910, the Ottoman Empire and the Argentine Republic signed an agreement on consular relations and exchanged consuls before the treatise was approved by both the parliaments. In 1914, the Porte removed <mask> and the German Consulate assumed the representation of Ottoman interests in Argentina.<mask> arrived in Buenos Aires on board of the steamboat Chili, and was welcomed by a crowd of 4,000 Ottoman subjects. The 'Chili' stopped at Rio de Brazil where Argentine newspapers of the last weeks were available. <mask> was told by other passengers that Senator Linez had criticized the immigration because it was composed of peddlers rather than agricultural workers. Senator Joaqun V. Gonzlez defended Ottoman immigration. <mask>'s arrival to Buenos Aires on 29 October 1910 was a few days before the Senate session. <mask> said in his first press interviews that he was going to favor the dedication of his fellows to agriculture. He visited Senator Gonzlez to thank him for his defense of the Syro-Ottoman community.They could communicate with each other without a translator. They became friends after Gonzlez's death. <mask> published his first article in Spanish at Caras y Caretas magazine after arriving in Argentina, but he had no knowledge of Spanish. <mask> states in the opening of the novel that he wrote part of the book in "La Larga" Roca's ranch. The former president died before <mask>'s second visit to La Larga. The first edition of the novel was published in 1917. <mask> wrote

masks: Arslan Arslan Arslan Arslan Arslan Arslan Arslan Arslan Arslan Arslan


title: Emin Arslan

texts: for the Revista Argentina de Ciencias Polticas, directed by Rodolfo Rivarola, while he was the Consul General in Buenos Aires.The Tripolitania, t. III, pp. 200– 215, 1911. TheDiplomatic History of Balcanic Europe was published in 1911. The year 1913. The relationship between <mask> and the Ottoman Foreign Ministry was damaged because of his opposition to the entry of the Ottoman Empire in World War I. He resigned in 1914. <mask> was told by the German Consul General in Buenos Aires to give up the consulate and its documentation. <mask> said he hadn't received an official communication from Constantinople ordering him to give the documentation to the foreign official.The case was filed by the German Consul General. The claim was upheld by the court. <mask> wrote about the death sentence in absentia passed against him in an article published in June 1916 on La Nota magazine. A fugitive. The review's staff organized a banquet in his honor at a restaurant called "Ferrari" after his owner's surname, and published the news under the title "A death sentence celebrated with a banquet." The first issue of La Nota magazine was published in August 1915. Carlos Alberto Leumann was the editor-in-chief.The last issue to be edited was in 1921. During World War I, La Nota had a strong stance. On 15 January and 5 February 1916, the poem "Apstrofe" was published. Some of her first works were published in 1916. She was a permanent contributor from March to November 1919. The poems "Convalecer" and "Golondrinas" were published. On February 20, 1916, Miguel de Unamuno wrote a letter to Pedro Jiménez Ilundin about the war in Argentina.He thought La Nota was "quite an

masks: Arslan Arslan Arslan Arslan


title: Emin Arslan

texts: interesting and frankly germanophobe magazine." There was a literary criticism section in the magazine. <mask> obtained the Argentine citizenship during the fall of the Ottoman Empire and made public his reasons. I told the Grand Visir that if Germany triumphed or was defeated, we would be defeated. Our victory would allow the dismantlement of our unity and turn our country into a group of colonies. I preferred to be a citizen of a respected State like the Argentine State, rather than being a subject of a colony. <mask> founded the "humoristic, political and literary weekly " El Lpiz Azul" in 1925.There is a blue pencil. The Editor-in-chief was born in 1894. There were 47 issues published from May 1925 to May 1926. The creation and direction of Al-Istiklal was founded by <mask>. Commercial ads were in Spanish but the magazine was in Arabic. One of the main Arabic anti-French organs from Argentina/Brazil came into being as a political and intellectual response to the upheaval caused by the Great Syrian Revolt. It was a strand within local pan-Arab/nationalist anti-colonial thought and activism.<mask> was the editor of this newspaper until January 1943. <mask> founded the Druze Benefit Society, which is now known as the Druze Benefit Association. In the 1924 book "Cuentos fatales", Emir <mask> is a character, which is part of Leopoldo Lugones' tale "El pual". <mask> takes part in an episode of "Roma & Lynch" in Revista Fierro monthly comic magazine. <mask> spent a lot of time in Punta del Este after arriving in Argentina in 1910. The chalet he called "La Chaumire" was built by Eduardo Le Monnier. The point is limited by streets Los Muergos, Los Arrecifes,

masks: Arslan Arslan Arslan Arslan Arslan Arslan Arslan Arslan


title: Emin Arslan

texts: Resalsero and Rambla General Artigas.The beach is named after him. The Secrets of the Palaces, 1897 The Rights of Nations and the Conventions of States, 1900 The Truth about Hareem, 1916 End of a Romance, and 1917 Oriental Memoirs are all works of history. The Ottoman Empire Ministry of Foreign Affairs References External links are from the Institute of Spanish, Portuguese and Latin American Studies. There are vnculos between Espaa and Argentina in La Nota. The Telegraph exchange of <mask> <mask> during his time as Ottoman Consul General. In Arabic, <mask> <mask> is listed in second place. L'influence de la tutelle mandataire franaise sur l'identification des syriennes et libanaises devant la société argentine was written by Gildas Brégain.The n3 was published on December 1st, 2011. There were 1868 births and 1943 deaths of people from Aley

masks: Emin Arslan Emin Arslan


title: Carl Hugo Hahn

texts: <mask> was a Baltic German missionary and linguist who worked in South Africa and South-West Africa for most of his life. The first Rhenish mission station was set up by him and Kleinschmidt. He is known for his work on the Herero language. He was born into a bourgeois family in dai in the Russian Empire. He studied Engineering at the Engineering School of the Russian Army but was not satisfied with that choice and his parents' way of life. He left dai to apply for the missionary school in Barmen. He graduated from the Missionary School in Elberfeld in 1841.<mask> arrived in Cape Town in October 1841. It was not an easy task to bring Christianity to the Herero and the Nama in South West Africa, since both tribes were enemies at that time. He was received well by Jonker Afrikaner, the Captain of the Orlam Afrikaner tribe, when he traveled to Windhoek in 1842. When Jonker Afrikaner invited Richard Haddy and his colleagues to come to him, they moved northward to avoid a conflict with them. They arrived at Otjikango on October 31, 1844. The first Rhenish mission station to the Herero was established in Barmen, which was named after the headquarters of the Rhenish Missionary Society in Germany. He tried to evangelize and built a church after learning the language.Jonker Afrikaner was in charge of the road network in South-West Africa. Alter Baiweg (Old Bay Path) was extended via Otjimbingwe to Walvis Bay in 1850, after the creation of a path from Windhoek to Barmen via Okahandja. Until the end of the century, this route was an important trade connection between the coast and Windhoek. After a crushing Herero defeat at the hands of Jonker's Nama troops in 1850, the Herero fled the area. When he arrived in Cape Town, he was given new orders after being recalled to Germany. After Haddy fled Windhoek in the wake of Jonker's raids, <mask> was tasked to fill the void, but he failed and returned to Germany. The Rhenish Missionary Society considered his endeavors futile after he traveled Europe in 1856.After a brief return to Otjimbingwe where some of the

masks:
Carl Hugo Hahn
Hahn
Hahn


title: Carl Hugo Hahn

texts: Herero had fled, he returned with the order to evangelize the people. The members barely escaped alive when Johannes Rath went to Ondangwa. The skirmishes between Hereros and Namas almost destroyed Gross Barmen. The next expedition took them to the banks of the Cunene River. His descriptions of northern Hereroland and the San language, territory, and culture were included in the German book Petermanns Geographische Mitteilungen. The Natural History Museum, Berlin, received a description of the Etosha pan. A shortage of missionaries stymied the Rhenish Missionaries in Ovamboland, and <mask> himself returned to Germany in June 1859 to escape the war, finding friends and support for the Missionaries on a tour of Germany, England, and Russia.After the Herero defeated the Nama, work continued. After rejecting an offer to lead the Berlin Missionary Society in 1863, he returned to Otjimbingwe in January of 1864 and established a missionary station and theological seminary to educate indigenous missionaries. The Herero under chief Maharero gave up their Christian affiliations in 1868 after an attack by the Nama ended his project. In 1870, <mask> brokered a peace deal between the Herero and the Nama and convinced the Finnish Missionary Society to take over missionary work. When the Rhenish Missionary Society began trading for profit and colonizing in 1872, <mask> severed his ties with them and returned to Germany, where 13 missions in Hereroland were prospering. He moved to the Cape Colony. He was the pastor of the German Lutheran congregation in Cape Town for twelve years.His son assisted from 1875 onward. C.H. There was a growing population of poorly educated and largely uneducated German settlers in the Cape Flats. He helped found the German International School Cape Town, pay off the debts from the building of St. Martini's church on Long Street, and build a parsonage. The "bloody night" of August 23, 1880, saw the start of the Nama-Herero war after Cape Colony failed to make South West Africa a British protectorate. The Cape magistracy in Walvis Bay

masks: Hahn Hahn Hahn


title: Carl Hugo Hahn

texts: was rumored to have been the site of a Herero attack at the end of the 19th century. He was the Cape Government's "Special Commissioner for the Walwich Bay Territory" from 1882 until his retirement in 1884, traveling there at the request of Commissioner Hercules Robinson and attempting to restore peace to South West Africa.In his March 1882 report to the Cape government, he recommended that the Walvis Bay area be maintained as British territory, despite the fact that there was no treaty between the Herero and the Herero. The New Testament and other religious texts were translated into the language of the natives after <mask> learned to speak Otjiherero. The first Rhenish Missionary prayer book in Herero and a collection of biblical stories and hymns were released in 1849. His 1864 output included two further biblical narratives, a copy of Luther's Small Catechism, and a 32-song hymnal. The work that Peter Heinrich Brincker and others would complete began with the highlights of the Old Testament. W.H.I. was drafted by <mask>. In December 1854, Bleek published his own version of Otjiherero in the form of a dictionary.The latter, including a Herero-German dictionary of 4,300 words, was the first publication to use Standard alphabet by Richard Lepsius, which caused a lot of concern over its suitability for transcribing a Bantu language. During his visit to Germany in 1873/74, the University of Leipzig awarded a Doctor degree to him for his research on the language of the Herero. On home leave in Cape Town, <mask> <mask> married Emma Hone, daughter of William Hone. They had at least five children, including two daughters and three sons. <mask>'s children attended school in Gtersloh. After Emma's death in Cape Town, he went to Germany. After retiring for health reasons in 1884, <mask> traveled to the United States and lived with his son, <mask>., in Paarl.Several of Traugott's descendants became clerics in Germany after he left the Lutheran Church. He died in Cape Town in 1895 and is buried in Paarl. The people from dai are from the Baltic-German

masks:
Hahn
Hahn
Carl Hugo
Hahn
Carl
Hahn
Carl Jr


title: Brenda Snipes

texts: The supervisor of elections was born in 1943. She was appointed by the governor. <mask> is a Democrat. The 20th, 22nd, 23rd, and 24th congressional districts are encompassed by the county. On November 30, the day after the controversial Florida elections, Governor Rick Scott removed <mask> from office. Scott stated that her suspension was due to her failure to maintain order within her office and complaints of malfeasance. On the day after, she held a press conference in which she stated that she would fight her suspension.Governor Ron DeSantis voided his predecessor's suspension of <mask> and accepted her initial resignation on January 4, 2019. A native of Alabama, <mask> majored in modern foreign languages at Talladega College. She graduated from Florida Atlantic University with a master's degree in curriculum and instruction and from Nova Southeastern University with a doctorate in educational leadership. In 1964, she started her career as a teacher at a high school in Florida and later became the principal there. In June 2003 she retired from teaching. On November 20, 2003 she was appointed supervisor of elections for Broward County by Governor Jeb Bush, after her predecessor,Miriam Oliphant, was removed from office for fraud in the handling of ballots in the 2000 United States presidential election. In 2004, 2008, 2012 and 2016 Snipes was re-elected.Absentee ballots were lost in the 2004 general election. Absentee ballots were delivered to the Postal Service to be mailed to voters, but the Post Office claimed to have never received them. Before the elections, Fair Elections International requested permission to observe the elections in various counties in the United States. Uncounted ballots were found a week after the election. The Democratic primary elections were held in Florida. The Democratic nominee for the US House of Representative for Florida's 23rd Congressional District was Tim Canova. The chairwoman of the Democratic National Committee was ousted a month before the election over allegations that she and others rigged the Democratic presidential primary process to favor Hillary Clinton.The results of the Florida primary election were announced. She retained her seat as the Representative for the 23rd

masks: Snipes Snipes Snipes Snipes


title: Brenda Snipes

texts: elections. The assistant told the reporter that she wasn't aware of any complaints.The Thursday following the election, a teacher found a box marked "provisional ballots" that had been left at a school used as a polling place. The teacher did not look at the box or touch it. An official later said the box contained voting equipment. The 205 provisional ballots were counted by the Canvassing Board on the Friday after the elections. Since the votes were already processed, the illegal votes could not be distinguished from the legal votes, and all 205 votes remained counted. Florida law requires county election departments to release the total number of ballots counted within 30 minutes of the polls closing. The total number of votes had not been reported six days after the election.The current tally will be posted by the Election Department 45 minutes after the polls close. There was no declared winner in the U.S. Senate race by the Friday after the election. The Democratic nominee seemed to win more votes as they were counted. Scott claimed that Broward County was violating the law. The judge ruled in Scott's favor, ordering Snipes to reveal the number of ballots cast in Tuesday's elections, broken down by early and election day votes, as well as the number of ballots still to be counted. They didn't comply. An automatic machine recount is required when the results are close.There was a machine recount in the U.S. Senate race by the weekend after the election. Rick Scott asked the Florida Department of Law Enforcement to investigate after the election. The investigation was asked for by Scott. No investigation was initiated because there was no written request. Scott was declared the winner almost two weeks after the election, after Bill Nelson conceded. The day after Senator Bill Nelson conceded the Senate race, <mask> submitted her resignation. Florida Governor Rick Scott suspended <mask>.The president and CEO of the state's business-recruitment agency was appointed to serve the remainder of <mask>' term until a replacement could be chosen by voters in November 2020. The seat was filled by Joe Scott. There are references to people from Alabama, Florida, and Nova Southeastern University in the United States Senate election

masks: Snipes Snipes Snipes


title: John Fusco

texts: <mask> was born in Connecticut and is an American screenwriter, producer, and television series creator. His works include Young Guns, Young Guns II, and The Highwaymen. He is the creator of Marco Polo. <mask> is an author as well as a musician. After graduating from high school, <mask> went to work as a blues musician and blue collar worker in the American south. His writing mentors were Ring Lardner, Jr., and Lorenzo Semple while he was at NYU's Tisch School of the Arts. He won back-to-back honors in national screenwriting competition his junior and senior year, and twice won the top prize of a Nissan Sentra.While he was still a student at NYU, his bachelor's thesis became the Columbia Pictures Delta blues movie "Crossroads", directed by Walter Hill. <mask> has written numerous motion-pictures, an ABC mini-series, a long-form TV series, and two novels. Marco Polo ran for two seasons on the streaming service. The Shack, a film written by <mask>, was released on March 3, 2017. The film made nearly $100 million worldwide against a $20 million budget. Critics didn't like it but it got favorable audience reviews. <mask> was to adapt the Peter Guralnick biography of Elvis Presley for Fox 2000.The feature adaptation of the novel The Alchemist was written by <mask> and was being developed by TriStar Pictures. He is working on a sequel to the film Wolf Totem and adapting the book series "Spirit Animals" for Universal Pictures. <mask> returned to New England in the late 1970s after traveling in the southeast United States in search of obscure blues artists, and co-found theTravis McComb Band, a southern rock ensemble that was popular in the New Haven, Connecticut music scene. <mask> was the lead vocalist and wrote or co- wrote the band's originals. He left the band after a short time in 1979 and went back to school to pursue a career in screenwriting. His first movie was inspired by his travels in the

masks:
John Fusco
Fusco
John Fusco
Fusco
Fusco
Fusco
Fusco
Fusco
Fusco


title: John Fusco

texts: south and his love for the Delta blues. The movie would have him working with a number of people.He collaborated with Jackson Browne on a music video for a movie. <mask>'s debut album, The X- Road Riders, was released on February 11, 2019. The album was recorded near Memphis with members of the North Mississippi All-Stars. Blues Rock Review has called the collection of original songs "an incredibly impressive and fun debut," while other music critics have praised <mask>'s "smoky, soulful voice" and Hammond B3 organ skills. <mask> plays on Hill Country Revue's third album 'HCR III' which was released on July 6, 2018, landing at #2 on the iTunes blues chart. <mask>'s background in martial arts inspired him to write The Forbidden Kingdom, starring Jet Li andJackie Chan. The movie broke box office records in China when it opened at #1 on April 18, 2008.<mask> studied martial arts at age 12 at the Association of Korean Martial Arts (A.K.M.A) in Oakville, Connecticut, and currently holds a black sash rank in Northern Shaolin kung Fu. He received a black belt from the World Tang Soo Do Association for his work in promoting traditional martial arts values in film, television, and literature. He has been profiled in a number of magazines. <mask> studied traditional martial arts in China. <mask> has stated in DVD special features that he is interested in the spiritual aspects of warrior cultures and acknowledges a "red thread" that runs through his interests in both Native American and Eastern philosophy. He crossed Central Mongolia on horseback with his son to conduct research on Marco Polo. <mask> is married to Richela Renkun, a graduate of NYU's Steinhardt School.Giovanni is their only son. A family lives on a farm. The FOCUS Award was first place in 1984 and the Western Heritage Center won the WRANGLER Award in 2000. The book is based on the legend of Wong Long and the founding of praying mantis kung

masks: Fusco Fusco Fusco Fusco Fusco Fusco Fusco Fusco


title: Brandon Lake (musician)

texts: <mask> is a worship pastor. <mask> is a worship pastor at a church in Charleston, South Carolina. <mask>'s debut studio album, Closer, was independently released in 2016 after <mask> began his recording career with a successful crowdfunding campaign to produce an album. <mask> made his debut on the record label with his version of "This Is a Move", which was released in January. <mask>'s song "This Is a Move" won the GMA Dove Award for Worship Song of the Year. <mask>'s song "This Is a Move" was nominated for a gramophone award in 2020. His second studio album, House of Miracles, contained two singles, "I Need a Ghost" and "Just Like Heaven".House of Miracles was the top debut. There are 22 Christian albums in the United States. "Graves into Gardens" was the first number one Hot Christian Songs chart single for both acts, and peaked at number two on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 chart in the United States. <mask> released the single "Too Good to Not Believe" alongside Bethel Music, as well as notable collaborations with Elevation Worship and Maverick City Music on " Talking to Jesus" and "I See You". The GMA Dove Awards for Songwriter of the Year and Worship Recorded Song of the Year for "Graves into Gardens" were both won by <mask>. <mask> launched a campaign to raise money to make a new album. The campaign raised $23,100, which was a success."Run to You" was the lead single of <mask>'s debut album, Closer. Closer was released on May 20, 2016 by <mask>. "Pour Me Out" was released as a single. <mask> signed to the record label after joining the Bethel Music collective. He was a member of the Victory Tour. He made his debut

masks:
Michael Brandon Lake
Lake
Lake
Lake
Lake
Lake
Lake
Lake
Lake
Brandon Lake
Lake
Lake
Lake


title: Brandon Lake (musician)

texts: on the label with the release of his version of "This Is a Move", which he had co-written, as a single on June 28, 2019. <mask>'s first single, "This Is a Move", made its debut at number 41 on the Hot Christian Songs Chart.It spent a total of eighteen weeks on the Hot Christian Songs Chart after peaking at number 36. <mask>'s song "This Is a Move" was nominated for the GMA Dove Award for Worship Song of the Year. "This Is a Move" was nominated in the Best Gospel Performance/Song category at the 2020Grammy Awards. <mask> was featured on several singles. Matt Redman's "We Praise You" was the first collaboration single. The second single from Revival's in the Air was a live rendition of "We Praise You" with <mask>. <mask>'s feature on "Graves into Gardens" was released on March 13."Graves into Gardens" is a Christian song. "Graves into Gardens" peaked at No. <mask>'s first chart-topping hit was 1 on the Hot Christian Songs chart. <mask>'s "Graves into Gardens" was nominated for a Top Christian Song award. On May 25, 2020, the song "Come Out of that Grave (Resurrection Power)" with <mask> was released. "Come Out of that Grave (Resurrection Power)" is a Christian song. He was featured on a song by Rebecca St. James."Battle Is the Lord's" was the 48th most popular Christian song on the chart. The lead single to <mask>'s second studio album, House of Miracles, was released on July 24, 2020, and is titled "I Need a Ghost". "I Need a Ghost" is a Christian song. "Just Like Heaven" was the second single from House of Miracles. "Just Like Heaven" is on the Hot Christian Songs Chart. <mask> announced that the album would be released

masks: Lake Lake Lake Lake Lake Lake Lake Lake Lake Lake


title: Brandon Lake (musician)

texts: on August 28, 2020. The album contained two singles, "I Need a Ghost" and "Just Like Heaven".<mask>'s first appearance on the chart was at number 22 on the Top Christian Albums Chart. On January 22, 2021, <mask> released his first live album, House of Miracles (Live), which contains live versions of some of the songs that initially appeared on House of Miracles studio recording, as well as new songs. The album was number 29 on the chart. <mask> surprised his wife, <mask>, with a surprise tenth anniversary gift on February 6, 2021. " Talking to Jesus" was released as the second promotional single to their collaborative live album, Old Church Basement, on April 9, 2021. " Talking to Jesus" was at the top of the charts. 9 on the US Hot Christian Songs chart.There are two Hot Gospel Songs on the chart. The song "Too Good to Not Believe" was released on May 21, 2021. The song "I See You" was released on August 6, 2021. <mask> received seven nominations for the GMA Dove Awards in the following categories: New Artist of the Year, Songwriter of the Year, Rock/Contemporary Recorded Song of the Year, Worship Recorded Song of the Year, and Song of the Year. Brittany Schneider and Personal Life <mask> married in 2011. The third child was due in August. As lead artist, as featured artist, as lead artist, as featured artist, as lead artist, as lead artist, as lead artist, as lead artist, as lead artist, as lead artist, as lead artist, as lead artist, as lead artist, as lead artist, as lead"Graves into Gardens" is a Top Christian Song. "This Is a Move" is a recorded song of the year. There is a list of Christian worship music

masks:
Lake
Lake
Lake
Brittany Lake
Lake
Lake


title: Henry of Marcy

texts: The first of Hautecombe in Savoy, and then of Clairvaux, was founded by <mask> of Marcy. Pope Alexander III created the Cardinal Bishop of Albano. <mask> was an important figure in the fight against Catharism and was a member of the Third Lateran Council. He supported the use of force to suppress heresy and a strong alliance between secular and ecclesiastic authority in the use of force. <mask>, the son of noble but not royal parents, was named after his birthplace of Castro Marsiaco, located in Burgundy. He joined the Cistercian order in 1155 and became a monk at Clairvaux under Abbot Robert. The first abbot of the daughter house of Hautecombe was sent after four years as a monk.Henri was elected seventh Abbot of Clairvaux in 1177. After Abbot Henri was ordered to preach the crusade, he was able to convince <mask>, Count of Champagne, the abbey's principal patron, to take the cross. Pope Alexander III had been at odds with Count Henri for a long time. Count Raymond V of Toulouse sent a letter to the Cistercian General Chapter, which was meeting at Citeux under the presidency of Abbot Alexander, to help him deal with Catharism which was rampant in his domain and growing bolder. He asked the king of France to take part in his action. The temporal sword had no effect on him. He asked for their thoughts and prayers.King <mask> of England and King Louis VII of France were dismayed at the advance of the albigensian heresy in Aquitaine and Languedoc. Cardinal Peter, the papal legate, the archbishop of Bourges, the bishop of Bath

masks:
Henry
Henry
Henry
Henry I
Henry II


title: Henry of Marcy

texts: and Wells, and the bishop of Poitier were expected to preach personally. The two kings appointed Count Raymond of Toulouse, the vicount of Turenne, and Raymond of Castro Novo to assist the cardinal and his associates. Cardinal Petrus remarked that the noblemen had been sent to rescue the bishop of Albi who was being held in the territory of Beziers. The mission of the papal legate was to get the bishop of Albi released and to eliminate heretical opinions in the entire territory. The party arrived at Castres, the residence of the vicount's family, and when Roger refused to comply, they excommunicated him. The mission failed to liberate the bishop of Albi, control the Beziers or Castres, or convert the schismatics of Beziers or Castres.Henri went to the general synod of the Cistercian Order after his return from Toulouse. Abbot Henri oversaw the transfer of the remains of Bernard of Clairvaux from his tomb to a monument. Henri was elected bishop of Toulouse despite writing to Pope Alexander begging to be released from the honor. He said he was looking forward to seeing the pope face to face. Peter wrote a letter to the pope explaining why Henri wanted to decline the bishopric. Abbot Henri influenced King <mask> of England to give a new lead roof to the abbey church. The first session of Pope Alexander's Third Lateran Council took place in the Lateran Basilica.Henri was appointed Bishop of Albano. Alexander III consecrated him as a bishop on the Sunday after Easter in the church of S. Maria. His first subscription to a papal


title: Henry of Marcy

texts: document was granted to the canons of the cathedral of Concordia. Pope Alexander's latest subscription took place on December 8th. He was the papal legate against the Albigensian heretics from 1180 to 1182. In 1180, the legate Cardinal Henri of Marcy presided over a synod at Limoges, dealing with a conflict between two churches in the diocese of Bordeaux, which had persisted through much of the 12th century. He held another meeting at Ntre Dame de Puy.After Pope Alexander died in Rome on August 30th, Cardinal Henri did not attend the election of his successor, Pope Lucius III (Ubaldo Allucingoli). Pons d'Arsac, the bishop of Narbonne, was deposed in 1181, along with Jean de Montlaur, the bishop of Montpellier, and Bernard, the bishop of Beziers. There are no known reasons for the deposition. The cathedral chapter of Narbonne was ordered to obey Henri's injunctions after Pope Lucius affirmed the decision of the bishops. He held a meeting at Bazas in November of 1181. He held a meeting at Limoges. He signed a document in Poitiers.The high altar of Notre-Dame de Paris was consecrated on 19 May 1182 by Cardinal Henri and Bishop Maurice de Sully. The papal court was living in exile from Rome when he returned to Italy in November of 1182. Raymond V of Toulouse made a request to the Cistercian General Chapter for a legatine mission to help him deal with Catharism which was rampant in his domain. The Cistercian General Chapter decided to send <mask> to Languedoc at the head of a papal legation which included Peter of Pavia,


title: Henry of Marcy

texts: Cardinal Priest of S. Crisogono. Roger of Howden is the source of the only account of the mission and he includes <mask>'s letter in it. He relied heavily on the letters between <mask> and Pietro. <mask> found a profession of orthodox Catholic faith in Peter Waldo.The wife of Roger surrendered to <mask> after he led a military attack on Roger's town of Lavaur. Pons d'Arsac was depose by <mask> for being useless and reprehensible. Roger of Howden's Chronicon mentioned the 1181 expedition in his book. Cardinal Henri sought the papacy at the end of his life. He was a candidate to succeed Pope Urban III when the papal court reached Ferrara. He had two competitors in the election. In a dramatic speech, Henri withdrew from the competition, announcing that he wanted to preach the crusade, and Alberto di Morra was elected.The new pope, Gregory VIII, was installed on 13 November 1187. He was appointed papal legate to France to try to broker a peace between Philip II and <mask>. He went to Count Philip so that he wouldn't have private conversations with either king. He preached the Third Crusade in Lige. <mask> of England and Philip II of France reconciled after he died, as well as healing the rift between Frederick I and Philip I of Cologne. Frederick was persuaded to join the Crusade at the Tag Gottes in Mainz on 27 March 1188. The letter was written to the notables of the German kingdom.He was buried at Arras after he died in Flanders. His day is celebrated by the Cistercians on 14 July. He died on 1 January according to the

masks:
Henry
Henry
Henry
Henry
Henry
Henry II
Henry II


title: Henry of Marcy

texts: "Chronicon Clarevallense". He is considered to be beatified. His De peregrinante civitate Dei and Epistolae are both published in the Patrologia Latina. They are analyzed individually in the Histoire litteraire de la France Volume XIV. Bruni, Gerardo is the source of the notes."ENRICO <mask>, vescovo di Albano." The Enciclopedia Italiana was published in the late 19th century. Cheyette and Fredric L. Ermengard are from Narbonne. The Cornell University Press was published in 2001. Y. M.-J. Congar. "Henri de <mask>, abbed de Clairvaux, cardinal-évque d'Albano et légat pontifical." The ed. of Analecta monastica.J. Leclercq. Rome was founded in 1958. Elaine Graham-Leigh. The Albigensian Crusade and the Southern French Nobility. The Boydell Press was published in 2005. Beverly Mayne, Kienzle. The Cistercians preached in the Lord's Vineyard.Robinson, I. S. The Papacy, was published in 2001. Dictionnaire des noms, surnoms et pseudonymes latins de l'histoire littéraire du Moyen Age was published in 1990. ed. Alfred Franklin is from Bibliothque Mazarine. Paris: Librairie de Firmin-Didot et Cie. "Henri, Abbé de Haute-Combe, puis de Clairvaux, et enfin Cardinal Evque d'Albano." Histoire litteraires de France.Tome XIV. Firmin Didot was born in Paris. There are some pages. There was a score of 450-465. Elaine can read Graham-Leigh. The ideal bishop was the Archbishop of Narbonne. The English Historical Review is an anthology.116, No. 487. pp1083–1101 was published in 2001. 1130s births 1188 deaths French Cistercians were created by Pope

masks:
di Marcy
Marcy


title: Sandra Day O'Connor

texts: O'Connor served as the first female associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1981 to 2006 and was an American retired attorney and politician. The first woman confirmed that she was the first woman nominated. She was nominated by Ronald Reagan and considered a swing vote for the Rehnquist Court and the first few months of the Roberts Court. Prior to O'Connor's tenure on the Court, she was a judge and an elected official in Arizona, serving as the first female majority leader of a state senate. O'Connor was confirmed by the Senate. On July 1, 2005, she announced her intention to retire. Samuel Alito joined the Court on January 31, 2006 after being nominated to take her seat in October 2005.O'Connor often sided with the conservatives. She wrote opinions that limited the reach of the majority. In landmark cases, her majority opinions include Grutter v. Bollinger and Hamdi v. Rumsfeld. She was one of the co-authors of the lead opinion in the case. O'Connor was ranked among the most powerful women in the world by some publications. She became Chancellor of the College of William and Mary after leaving the Court. President Barack Obama awarded her the Presidential Medal of Freedom.In El Paso, Texas, the daughter of Harry Alfred <mask>, a rancher, was born. She was raised on a 198,000-acre cattle ranch. The nearest paved road was nine miles away. The family home had no running water or electricity. She used to shoot coyotes and jackrabbits with a rifle. She had to learn to change her own tires after she began driving. There were two younger siblings, a sister and a brother.<mask> was her sister. She and her brother wrote a book about growing

masks:
Day
Ann Day


title: Sandra Day O'Connor

texts: up on a cattle ranch. <mask> lived in El Paso with her maternal grandmother and attended school at a private school. <mask> was able to return to the ranch for holidays and the summer because it was too far from any schools. <mask> lived at the ranch and rode a bus to school. She graduated from Austin High School in El Paso in 1946. <mask> went to college when she was 16.She graduated magna cum laude with a B.A. There was a degree in economics in 1950. She graduated from the law school in 1952. William Rehnquist was the editor-in-chief of the law review when she was there. <mask> and Rehnquist were married in 1950. The relationship ended before Rehnquist graduated and he proposed to her in 1951. <mask> did not accept the proposal she received from Rehnquist.She was in the top 10 percent of her class. O'Connor was a member of the College of William and Mary. <mask> began dating John Jay O'Connor III when she was in her final year of law school. On December 20, 1952, <mask> and O'Connor married at her family's ranch. O'Connor was not able to find a paying job as an attorney because of her gender. O'Connor was hired as a deputy county attorney in San Mateo, California, after she offered to work for no salary and without an office. She began drawing a small salary after a few months as she did legal research and wrote memos.She worked with the district attorneys in San Mateo County. O'Connor picked up and went with her husband to work in Germany as a civilian attorney for the Army's Quartermaster Corps. They settled in Arizona to start their family after staying there for three years. Scott, Brian, and Jay were their sons. O'Connor took a break from practicing

masks: Day Day Day Day Day Day Day Day


title: Sandra Day O'Connor

texts: Court is called How the First Woman on the Supreme Court Becomes Its Most Influential Justice."'A Prolife Disaster': The Reagan Administration and the Nomination of <mask> O'Connor." The Journal of Contemporary History was published in June. E.J. Montini. "Rehnquist is the best." 1 is O'Connor. No. 3 is Baloney. 2.The Republic of Arizona. OnTheIssues Booknotes interview with <mask> <mask>'Connor was preparing for the final days on the Supreme

masks:
Sandra Day
O ConnorSandra
Day O


title: Hanpu

texts: <mask> was a leader of the Jurchen Wanyan clan. According to the ancestral story of the Wanyan clan, <mask> came from Goryeo when he was sixty years old, reformed Jurchen customary law, and married a sixty-year-old local woman who bore him three children. The Jin dynasty was established in 1115 after his descendants united the Jurchen tribes. The Jin dynasty retroactively gave the temple name Shizu to <mask>. Historians have debated whether <mask> was a Silla, Goryeo, or Jurchen. They have argued since the 1980s that he was a Jurchen who lived in Silla, the state that dominated the Korean peninsula until it was destroyed by Goryeo. Western scholars usually treat <mask>'s story as a legend, but agree that it hints at contacts between some Jurchen clans and the states of Goryeo and Balhae, which were destroyed in the early tenth century.<mask> was a native Silla man who moved north and settled in the Jurchen lands during the demise of Silla. There are different transliterations of the name <mask>. The memoirs of a Song Chinese ambassador who was forced to stay in Jin territory for more than 10 years are contained in the Records of Things Heard in Songmo. The Collected Documents on the Treaties with the North referred to him as Kenpu, whereas the Research on the Origin of the Manchus referred to him as Hafu. The story of <mask> was first transmitted by oral means because the Jurchens had no written records. According to the History of Jin, Hanpu arrived from Goryeo at the age of sixty and settled among the Jurchen Wanyan clan. The kingdom of Goryeo annexed Silla, the state that had ruled the Korean peninsula, in 935.When <mask> left Goryeo, his two brothers remained behind, one in Goryeo and one in the Balhae area. Historians theorize that <mask> lived in the early tenth century, when the Jurchens still consisted of independent tribes, or

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Wanyan Hanpu
Hanpu
Hanpu
Hanpu
Hanpu
Hanpu
Hanpu
Hanpu
Hanpu
Hanpu


title: Hanpu

texts: sometime between the founding of Goryeo. The Wanyan clan was part of a group of Jurchen tribes that were called "wild", "raw", or "uncivilized". The Jurchens lived between the Changbai Mountains in the south and the Sungari River in the north and were not influenced by Chinese culture. Hanpu made both parties accept a new rule that the family of a killer would give a gift of horses, cattle, and money to the family of the victim. The old Germanic practice of Wergeld has been compared by Herbert Franke to this aspect of Jurchen customary law. <mask> was married to a woman who bore him one daughter and two sons as a reward for ending the feuds.According to a lost book, <mask>'s wife was 40 years old. The Wanyan clan formally received <mask> and his descendants. <mask>'s ethnicity has been debated by Chinese scholars. <mask>'s "coming from Goryeo" does not mean he was of Goryeo ethnicity, since the Chinese scholars theorize that Goryeo territory was populated by several ethnic groups back then. <mask> may have been a Jurchen from the state of Silla, a man of Goryeo, or a Silla man because the people of the time did not always distinguish between state and ethnic group. Sun Jinji claims that <mask>'s family lived in Silla and Goryeo before moving back to Jurchen land. According to Chinese historians, <mask>'s ancestors were Jurchens who were absorbed into Goryeo after Silla was defeated.The Jurchens may have been involved in trying to get Goryeo's help in fighting the Liao dynasty. The Jurchen presence in Silla was minuscule, along with the fact that Goryeo and the united Jurchen tribes have been in a state of total war following Yejong's campaigns for conquest. Korean scholars agree with the idea that <mask> was an ethnic Sillan from Goryeo that fled north towards Jurchen territories during the Later Three Kingdoms. After the fall of Goguryeo,

masks: Hanpu Hanpu Hanpu Hanpu Hanpu Hanpu Hanpu Hanpu Hanpu


title: Hanpu

texts: the Mohe refugees were dispersed, but the Jurchens were kept at bay by the borders and the Mohe were absorbed into Silla. Korean historians point out that historical descriptions written on the History of Jin and other Korean, Chinese records suggest a Koreanic origin as advocated by the Jurchens and Koreans back then. The hypothesis that <mask> was a Sillan from the Goryeo dynasty following Silla's downfall has been supported by Korean and Chinese historians. The founder of Jin was thought to be a Korean from either Silla or Goryeo, but not from the Goguryeo tribe.The claim that <mask> was a man of Silla has been accepted by many historians. According to the History of Goryeo, the son of Wanyan Wugunai considered Goryeo to be his parent country. <mask>'s story is considered legendary by Western scholars. The Wanyan clan probably absorbed immigrants from Goryeo and Balhae sometime in the tenth century, according to the Jurchen "ancestral legend". According to Frederick W. Mote, <mask>'s two brothers might have represented the tribe's memory of their ancestral links to Goryeo. What really happened was that a power on the peninsula ruled the Jurchen tribe he came from, or that he was from the Eastern Jurchens. The Wanyan clan rose to prominence after 1000CE.Wanyan Wugunai consolidated the Jurchen tribes into a federation. The Jin dynasty was founded in 1115 by Aguda, Wugunai's grandson. The Jin conquered all of north China by 1127. The temple name "Shizu" was given to Hanpu after Emperor Xizong of Jin was crowned. " Guangling" was the name of <mask>'s burial site. His posthumous title was changed in December 1145 or January 1146. <mask>'s wife died in 1136.The History of Jin, an official history that was compiled by Toqto'a in the 1340s, lists <mask>'s family members as follows. The History of Manchuria Jurchen has a Year of birth and death

masks: Hanpu Hanpu Hanpu Hanpu Hanpu Hanpu Hanpu


title: Alberto Sordi

texts: He was an Italian actor, voice actor, singer, composer, comedian, director and screenwriter. He was named after his older sibling, who died several days after his birth, because he was a musician and a teacher. He was kicked out of Milan's dramatic arts academy because of his thick Roman accent. He studied to be a bass opera singer. His trademark would be his vocal distinctiveness. In a career that spanned seven decades, <mask> established himself as an icon of Italian cinema with his representative skills at both comedy and light drama. His movie career began in the late 1930s with bit parts and secondary characters.He played a weak immature loafer in I vitelloni and starred in The Bachelor as a single man trying to find love. There were many Italian historical comedies with <mask> in them. He appeared in one of the best Italian comedies of all time, Monicelli's Great War, in 1959. He won a Golden Globe for best motion picture actor in a musical or comedy for To Bed or Not to Bed in 1963. The Best of Enemies was a comedy about the World War II. In 1965, he was in a comedy called I complessi. He was a juror at the 6th Moscow International Film Festival.In 1984 he directed and co-scripted Tutti dentro, in which he played a judge who has warrants for ministers and businessmen. He was a member of the jury at the 35th Berlin International Film Festival. A prominent voice actor and dubber was

masks: Sordi Sordi


title: Alberto Sordi

texts: Dubbing <mask>. After winning an MGM contest for the Italian voice nearest to Oliver Hardy, he began working as a dubber for the Italian versions of many Laurel and Hardy shorts and movies. Mauro Zambuto and <mask> provided the voices of Stan and Hardy in more than forty films. He was a voice actor in several Italian films. <mask> provided voice-overs for many actors.Franco Fabrizi was dubbed for English-speaking audiences. His voice was dubbed over by Gualtiero De Angelis in Cuori nella tormenta. In 1956, <mask> stopped working as a dubber. His private life was not made public. Despite never marrying or having children, <mask> has been in several relationships, including a nine-year relationship with an actress who was almost 14 years his senior. He was raised a Roman Catholic. <mask> was a big fan of AS Roma.He liked this in some of his films. David di Donatello won seven David di Donatello, Italy's most prestigious film award, holding the record of David di Donatello as best actor, and four awards for his works from the Italian National Syndicate of Film Journalists. He received a Golden Lion for lifetime achievement at the Venice Film Festival in 1995 and a Golden Globe Award for his performance in To Bed or Not to Bed. He was made an "honorary mayor" by the City of Rome for a day in 2000. At the 22nd Berlin International Film Festival, he won the Silver Bear for best actor for Detenuto.

masks: Sordi Sordi Sordi Sordi Sordi Sordi


title: Alberto Sordi

texts: He won a Special Prize at the Moscow International Film Festival. The city of Kansas City, Missouri gave Sordi an honor for his references to the city in the film.In 2001 <mask> was diagnosed with lung cancer. He died of pneumonia and bronchitis at his house in Rome. A crowd in excess of a million gathered for his funeral at the Basilica of St. John Lateran. The Ferocious Saladin and The Lion Princess Tarakanova are uncredited. Paolo Flesh Will Surrender as Doberti, as The Innocent Casimiro, as Guido Corra His Young Wife, and as Camillo Barbarotti. As Manuel Aguirre Cameriera bella presenza offresi..., what an impression! AsAlberto Viva il cinema!As Gracco Accadde al penitenziario, I advocated The Belle of Rome. As an animal, Arrivano i dollari!, I pinguini ci guardano was played by Rodolfo Nardi. As Alfonso Pasti Souvenir d'Italie, I played the role of a Hero of Our Times. The Moralist, Agostino Wild Cats on the Beach, Oreste Jacovacci, and Totonno Il vedovo were all played by Roger Moretti. As Elio Ferocci in America, as well as Tullio Conforti The Witches. Will our heroes be able to find their friend who has mysteriously disappeared in Africa? As Fausto Di Salvio Help Me, My Love, Giovanni Macchiavelli Nell'anno del Signore as The Friar Il Prof. Dott.Don Giuseppe Montanari and Le coppie played Dr. Guido Tersilli and Giacinto Colonna in Let's Have a Riot. As Giacinto Colonna Strange


title: Daniël Willemsen

texts: He is a Dutch sidecarcross rider and ten times World Champion. The most successful rider in sidecarcross history is <mask>, who won the title ten times. He has won the Dutch sidecarcross championship nine times and the Belgian championship twice. He was made a member of the Order of Orange-Nassau in 2005 for his success in motor sport. Lochem named a street after him in 2005. He is the most successful World Championship sidecarcross rider and his ten titles place him seventh in the all-time list. He finished tenth in the solo motorcycle class in the 2007 Dakar Rally.He won the Tuareq Rally in March/April 2008 to make up for the canceled Dakar Rally. The sidecar experience started in 1981 when he and his brother, aged six and four, drove in a home-made Hond 50cc side car under the guidance of their father Berry, who had also been a sidecar racer. It took the brothers another decade to be allowed to take part in sidecar races. In 1994, the two brothers entered the senior Dutch championship, but were not allowed to race in the World Championship because one of them was not old enough. When he was old enough, he joined his brother in the competition. The Dutch Grand Prix was where the first World Championship race was held. His track record began to improve after teaming up with his brother, who went on to become a world championship rider.The two brothers won the second race in Baugé, France, in 1996. The Wiilemsen won their first Grand Prix in 1997. After finishing third and second in 1997 and 1998, respectively, the two won their first world championship in 1999, taking it out by one point and beating the current champion Kristers Seris. In February 2000 the two brothers had a serious accident in Italy that left one of them paraplegic and the other unable to continue his career. The


title: Daniël Willemsen

texts: two finished second in the overall standing in 2000 and 2001 after being partners for the next two seasons. There was a repeat of this result in 2002. He won the 2003 and 2004 world championship with Kaspars Stupelis.They took out two more world titles together in the 2005 and 2006 seasons. The Swiss Reto Grtter won his sixth title with his partner. Reto Grtter and <mask> raced together in the 2008 season. Bruno Kaelin replaced Grtter in the first race of the season because of an injury. The team was disqualified after winning the race due to Grtter losing a glove. The duo won the title with a 97 point lead over Kristers Seris. In the first GP of the World Championship, <mask> was teaming up with a Belgian passenger, continuing his habit of changing passengers at regular intervals.The veteran passenger was used again from the second event onwards. After breaking his collar bone in a Dutch championship race, he was ruled out of racing in a decisive phase of the world championship, just before the end of a summer break in the competition. The leadership in the competition was lost because the duo missed three events. The Belgian-Latvian team of Joris Hendrickx and Kaspars Liepi took out the championship after the team could not achieve the same dominance as before. The team was unable to score points in the last event of the season, when Verbrugge broke his thumb. Before the race, he declared that he would try to win the title eight times. After an injury to first-choice passenger Roman Vasyliaka, <mask> started again with 43-year-old Sven Verbrugge as his passenger.They have raced together in the competition five times. The first of two German GP's was temporarily switched to Ondrej Cermak because of an injury to Verbrugge. At the second-last race of the season, at Slagelse,

masks: Willemsen Willemsen Willemsen


title: Daniël Willemsen

texts: Denmark, <mask> and his passenger won the World Championship with a 53 point lead over Jnis and Daiders. In 2012 he will aim for title number ten. The World Champs failed to score points in the last race event of the season. During the first qualification session, a dispute between the two led to Verbrugge walking out. The team qualified for the race after he returned to take part in the "last chance".His arm was put into a plaster after he was injured in a fall, ruling the team out of the race. Even though he had to use three different passengers throughout the season, he took out his tenth title. In the first Grand Prix of the season, Haralds Kurpnieks broke his wrist, and in the second French Grand Prix, Kenny van Gaalen injured his knee, making Lauris Daiders his passenger for the last five GP's. At the opening GP of the 2013 season in Fraunefeld, Switzerland, <mask> had to be removed by paramedics because of injuries he sustained when his sidecar overturned. He was unable to defend his title because of a broken collarbone and five broken ribs. The brother of a competitor returned as his passenger despite disagreements with the other. The pair won the opening race of the season, but had an accident at the second race and had to be taken to the hospital.The team missed the last two grand prix of the season because of injury and finished ninth in the World Championship. On June 28, 2015, at Genk, Belgium, <mask> won his first GP since August 2012 and finished the season in fourth place. After leading the World Championship after three events, <mask> was forced to miss the Grand Prix due to a jaw injury he sustained in the fourth event. In some seasons, Danil <mask> used multiple passengers. The winners of the World Championship are:(10) 1999, 2003 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008,

masks: Willemsen Willemsen Willemsen Willemsen Willemsen


title: Shane Gould

texts: <mask> is an Australian former competition swimmer. At the 1972 Summer Olympics, she won three gold medals, a silver medal and a bronze. She was the oldest winner of any Survivor franchise when she won the fifth season of Australian Survivor. <mask> was born in Australia but spent most of her childhood in Fiji. <mask> won three gold medals at the 1972 Summer Olympics in West Germany. <mask> was named the Australian of the Year in 1972, and an Officer of the Order of the British Empire in 1983. <mask> received an Order of Merit from the Australian Olympic Committee.<mask> was a swimming mentor and competitor in the 1990s. In 2003 she competed in the 200m Individual Medley in competitive swimming. She published a book in 1999. She competed on Australian Survivor. They won $500,000 as the sole survivor. <mask> was voted out first on Australian Survivor: All Stars. <mask> was born in New South Wales on the first day of the Summer Olympics.At the age of 18 months, she moved to Fiji with her family. She was a competent swimmer by the age of six. She attended primary school at St. Peters Lutheran College, where a sporting house is named after her, and secondary school at Turramurra High School, where a sporting house is named after her and fellow Olympian Gail Neall. She was trained by Forbes and Ursula Carlile. She won all of her world swimming titles when she was a teenager. <mask> won three gold medals at the 1972 Summer Olympics in West Germany, setting a world record in each race. She won a bronze and a silver medal.She holds every world freestyle record from 100 metres to 1500 metres and the 200 metres individual medley world record at the same time. She is the first female swimmer to win three Olympic gold medals in world record time, and the first swimmer, male or female, to win Olympic medals in five individual events in a single Olympics. She won three individual gold medals at the Olympics. She retired from competitive swimming at the age of 16 because of the pressures she was under. <mask> returned to competitive swimming at

masks: Gould Gould Gould Gould Gould Gould Gould Gould Gould Gould


title: Shane Gould

texts: Masters level over two decades later. She set Australian Masters records for 100m, 200m, and 400 m freestyle, 100 m butterfly, and 50 m butterfly. In 2003 she broke the world record for the 200 m individual backstroke with a time of 2:38.13.She still swims in Masters competition. <mask> went back to study in the late 2000s. She obtained a Cert IV documentary film, Digital Filmmaking, and was awarded a Master of Environmental Management with a thesis on the social uses and functions of public swimming pools. There are two degrees from the University of Tasmania. She received a Doctor of Philosophy degree from Victoria University. <mask> was one of the runners for the final segment before the lighting of the Olympic Flame in the Summer Olympics in 2000. <mask> is a photographer with works on display.<mask> published a book in 1999. <mask> would be participating in Australian Survivor. They would be a part of the champion tribe. <mask> was the winner of Australian Survivor. A group of people voted against criminal banister Sharn Coombes. <mask> is the oldest person to ever win an international series of Survivor. She was voted out first in Australian Survivor: All Stars, finishing in 24th place.<mask> ended his competitive swimming career in the public eye. She married Neil Innes at 18 and lived on a farm in southwestern Australia. She made very few public appearances. She has a large family. Her marriage to Innes ended after 22 years and she returned to public life. She divides her time between three places. Publications <mask> was updated in 2003There was a tumble turn. The name of the publisher isHarperCollins. <mask>'s biography was published in 2004. Fit for older people. Ibis Publishing Australia is located in Australia. <mask> was born in 2007. Appreciating swimming with underwater swimmer photographs.There is visual communication. The International Swimming Hall of Fame "Honor Swimmer" is a member of the Order of the British Empire. The International Swimming Hall of Fame has a list of multiple Olympic medalists at a single

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S Gould


title: Montgomery McFate

texts: <mask> is a cultural anthropologist, a defense and national security analyst, and a former science advisor to the United States Army Human Terrain System program. She holds a chair at the U.S. that deals with strategic research. The Naval War College is a military college. At the time a "hippie" community, McFate was raised in the houseboat community. Jack Kerouac and Lawrence Ferlinghetti were associates of her parents. She lived on a converted barge with no plumbing as a child. In high school, McFate spent a lot of her time in the San Francisco punk scene, but at the same time, she was a strong student with an academic focus, earning numerous scholarship that helped put her through college.Cintra Wilson's novel Colors Insulting to Nature is largely based on the young McFate, who was a close friend of her. She studied anthropology at UC Berkeley and was 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 She did a PhD on Irish Republican social networks and cultural narratives and the role they played in maintaining the Irish


title: Montgomery McFate

texts: Republican Army insurgency. She spent several years living among IRA supporters and British counterinsurgents as part of her research. After earning her PhD in Anthropology, she went on to study law at Harvard Law School, earning a Juris Doctor in 1997. She married a US Army officer while in graduate school and later adopted his mother's maiden name. She spent the next several years as an associate in a San Francisco law firm, working for human rights organizations, and as a travel writer.<mask> and Sean were hired as private spies by <mask>'s security firm. After the September 11 attacks, she found her "mission": to get the military to understand the importance of cultural knowledge. She stated that she became passionate about the government's need to understand its adversaries. The United States won the Cold War because the defense establishment developed a good understanding of the Soviet Union. She believes that the military and defense establishment has a poor understanding of the cultures of the Middle East, which resulted in the Abu Ghraib torture and prisoner abuse scandal. Over the next several years, McFate worked as a defense consultant for a number of organizations. She was contacted in 2004 by Dr. Hariar Cabayan, the science advisor to the Joint Chiefs of Staff J3 about developing new counterinsurgency strategies.The cultural preparation of the environment database was developed by MITRE Corporation. The program ended in August of 2005. She was not one of the primary architects of the HTS program. Between August 2005 and July 2006 the US Army's Foreign Military Studies Office established the Human Terrain

masks:
Montgomery
Mary McFate


title: Montgomery McFate

texts: System program. In 2007, McFate joined HTS as the Social Science Advisor. She was one of hundreds of contributors to the US Army's revised Counterinsurgency Field Manual. Jan Horvath was the primary author of the FM.According to several magazine articles, McFate was the "Pentagon Diva", who briefly ran a blog called "I Luv a Man in Uniform", where she commented on the "hotness" of various Department of Defense officials and analysts. Social Science Goes to War: The Human Terrain System in Iraq and Afghanistan was published. Oxford University Press. Military Anthropology: Soldiers, Scholars and Subjects at the Margins of Empire was written by <mask>ate. Oxford University Press. Ceasefire: The impact of Republican culture on the ceasefire process in Northern Ireland was published in 2001. The strange story of their curious relationship, Military Review, March–April 2005, p 24–38."An Organizational Solution for DoD's Cultural Knowledge needs", Military Review, July–August 2005, pp. 18–21 The British Library Document Supply Service. The military uses understanding of adversary culture. The object beyond war is counterinsurgency and the four tools of political competition. The relationship between anthropologists and the military has been the subject of controversy. By the late 1960s, most Western anthropologists had come to reject such collaboration as a betrayal of trust, endangering the welfare of both parties.The policy against collaboration was adopted by the American Anthropological Association. It was possible for a mutually beneficial relationship to emerge between the US military and the populations that sprang from


title: Montgomery McFate

texts: insurgency, according to McFate. In 2007, and 2008, the American Anthropological Association issued resolutions condemning the kind of military/anthropological collaboration that McFate had called for. The American Anthropological Association condemned the Human Terrain System in November of 2007. The program was criticized for poor organization and execution. The program's execution was identified in a 2010 audit by the Army's Auditing Agency. The program offered significant value to military units, despite the fact that there were no significant weaknesses in the program's execution.The guide to specialists was published by the United States Institute of Peace. At Archive.org. The Current had an interview with <mask>. You can scroll down. "Army brat" was written by Louisa Kamps. Noah Shachtman wrote "Army Anthropologist's Controversial Culture Clash". "Raised eyebrows over keynote choice" was written by Elizabeth Redden.Should anthropologists work with soldiers? Dan Vergano and Elizabeth Weise write for USA Today. "Brave Thinkers: <mask>ate" was published by The Atlantic in November 2009. People from California, including the University of California, Berkeley, Harvard Law School, and Yale University, were born in

masks:
Montgomery McFate
Montgomery McF


title: John Byng

texts: The British Royal Navy officer was executed by firing squad after being court-martialled. He joined the navy at the age of thirteen. He was promoted to vice-admiral in 1747 after building up a reputation as a solid naval officer. He served as Commodore-Governor of Newfoundland Colony in 1742, Commander-in-Chief, Leith, 1745 to 1746, and a member of Parliament from 1751 until his death. The Battle of Minorca was the beginning of the Seven Years' War. Some of the vessels in the hastily assembled fleet were in poor condition. He fought an engagement with a French fleet off the Minorcan coast and then returned to Gibraltar to repair his ships.<mask> was court-martialled and found guilty of failing to "do his utmost" to prevent Minorca from falling to the French. He was shot to death by a firing squad after pleas for clemency were denied. The fourth son of Rear-Admiral <mask>, 1st Viscount Torrington was born at Southill Park in the parish of Southhill in England. <mask> supported King William III in his attempt to be crowned King of England in 1689 and saw his own stature and fortune grow. <mask> was a highly skilled naval commander, had won distinction in a series of battles, and was held in esteem by the monarchs whom he served. He was given a viscountcy by King George I in 1721. <mask> joined the Royal Navy at the age of 13 because his father was an admiral at the peak of his career.<mask> was assigned to postings in the Mediterranean. He was promoted to lieutenant in 1723 and was promoted to captain in 23. His Mediterranean service ended in 1739 without much action. He was appointed Commodore-Governor of Newfoundland in 1742. He held the post of Commander-in-Chief until 1746. The Pretender, James Francis Edward Stuart, was defeated during the Jacobite Rebellion. The Duke of Cumberland was assisted by the admiral.He was appointed

masks:
Byng
George Byng
George Byng
George Byng
John Byng
Byng


title: John Byng

texts: Commander-in-Chief of the Mediterranean Fleet in 1747 after being promoted to vice-admiral. He was a Member of Parliament for Rochester. The Palladian mansion is located within the present-day bounds of Potters Bar and was commissioned by <mask> in 1754. It is unlikely that he ever lived there. The house was left to a descendant of a brother's son because <mask> never married. The island of Minorca was captured by the Spanish during the War of the Spanish Succession. British diplomats in the Mediterranean raised the alarm that Minorca was in danger of being attacked by the French navy.British downsizing of the Royal Navy meant that only three ships-of-the-line were assigned to protect trading interests in the Mediterranean by 1755. As far back as April 1755, the London Evening Post reported that there were twelve brand new "men of war". The Admiralty was headed by Lord George Anson and he focused on preventing a French invasion. <mask> was given orders to raise a fleet on March 11, 1756, but only six of the ten ships were present. The first target of <mask>'s orders was the new French fleet, while the British garrison of Fort St Philip was a secondary concern. He was not given enough time or money to prepare the expedition. <mask> was ordered by the Admiralty Office to outfit other channel ships ahead of his own fleet after his fleet was delayed for over a month.Half of his ships were missing. The fore and main topmast of the Defiance were missing when it arrived in Pompey. <mask> set sail from Portsmouth on 6 April, but still short of 800 men. On 17 April 1756, the French fleet escorted over 1,000 tartanes and transport ships landing 15,000 troops under the command of General Richelieu at Ciutadella, on the far west end of Minorca. The French landing was told to <mask> when he arrived at Gibraltar. General Thomas Fowke held a war council

masks: Byng Byng Byng Byng Byng Byng Byng


title: John Byng

texts: at Gibraltar and refused to supply <mask> with marines as ordered by the War Office. The naval facilities at Gibraltar were old.The situation was explained in a letter to the Admiralty Office. Military historians believe that <mask> was preparing for failure and that the garrison could not hold out against the French force. Without marines to land, and with only fusiliers to lend to the garrison, <mask> steered his fleet toward Minorca to assess the situation for himself. <mask> sailed on 8 May 1756. <mask>'s fleet appeared off of Port Mahon and he tried to communicate with the fort. He could not open a line of communication with any fort officer before the French squadron showed up. The Battle of Minorca took place the next day.Both forces tried to gain the weather gage. The two fleets were not close to each other. <mask> called for a lasking maneuver, meaning that his ships would turn in unison and sail towards the enemy bow first. The lead ship, the Defiance, did not steer directly for the first French ship in the enemy's line, but instead steered a parallel course. The example set by the Defiance was followed by the Portland, Buckingham, Lancaster and Portland. It took two cannon shots from <mask>'s flagship, the Ramillies, and ten to fifteen minutes for the admiral to stop the lasking. The French admiral ordered his ships to pull more sail and leave <mask> alone.The French were able to make the rest of the battle a running fight because of the delay. The leading van took the most damage because of the angle. The last ship in that squadron was damaged and lost three of its masts. The next three ships, the Revenge, Princess Louisa and Trident, did not pass the now listing to keep the sanctity of the battle line. Instead, those ships almost collided with one another, with Captain Frederick Cornwall of the Revenge eventually navigating his

masks: Byng Byng Byng Byng Byng Byng Byng Byng


title: John Byng

texts: ship between theenemy and theIntruder. The battle line was broken. It cost Byng twenty to thirty minutes to reform the line and once it was done, the French pulled full sail.The three bottled-up ships were given an example to follow when <mask> was told that he could set full sail for the enemy. <mask> remembered that Admiral Thomas Mathews had been dismissed for doing so. After four to four and a half hours, neither side had lost a ship in the engagement, with 43 British sailors killed and 168 wounded, against 38 French sailors killed and 175 wounded. <mask> did not communicate with the fort or the French for four days. <mask>'s fleet would return to Gibraltar for repairs and more marines after he called a War Council of his own. After arriving at Gibraltar, the fleet was reinforced with four more ships of the line and a 50-gun frigate. Additional water and provisions were loaded onto the damaged vessels.Before his fleet could return to sea, another ship arrived from England with instructions to relieve <mask>, Fowke and several others of their command and order a return to home. <mask> was taken into custody when he arrived in England. The garrison was forced to capitulate after resisting the Siege of Fort St Philip. The news of the Battle of Minorca's outcome was not good. George Washington's defeat at Fort Necessity was one of the military setbacks suffered by the ministry. Food riots broke out in the middle of the country, spreading to Wales to the south and as far north as Glasgow. The hold on power would be challenged by another failure.George II was flooded with petitions and addresses to investigate the government's poor handling of a whole host of issues after publication of the battle. The news of the Battle of Minorca arrived via a Spanish diplomat who received a dispatch from the French admiral. Without any word from <mask> or


title: John Byng

texts: any other naval or army officer attached to his fleet, ministers decided to recall several officers. It would take another 20 days for <mask>'s version of the battle to arrive in London. The ministers chose a course of action that was detrimental to <mask>. The London Gazette printed an edited version of <mask>'s report on June 26, 1756, in order to make the admiral appear a traitor. Protesters burned effigy in port cities throughout England and one as far away as Boston, Massachusetts.He got his share of odium. The First Minister wrote a letter to Robert Craggs-Nugent. I don't think it's fair to lay the Loss on Byng, it will only be laid there. Henry Fox was informed by George 'Bubb' Dodington that ministers had already chosen a scapegoat if things went wrong in the Mediterranean. Byng was chosen by the government to take the fall for their neglect of the Mediterranean theatre. <mask>'s perceived failure to relieve the garrison at Minorca caused public outrage among fellow officers. Byng was brought home to be tried by court-martial for violating the Articles of War, which required capital punishment for officers who did not do their best against the enemy, either in battle or pursuit.During the War of the Austrian Succession, a young lieutenant named BakerPhillips was court-martialled and shot after his ship was captured by the French. The captain was killed by a broadside almost immediately after he failed to prepare the vessel for action. The inexperienced junior officer was forced to surrender the ship when she could no longer defend it. The negligent behavior ofPhillips's captain was noted by the court-martial and a recommendation for mercy was entered, but the sentence was approved by the lords justices of appeal. This sentence angered some in parliament, who felt that an officer of higher rank would likely have been spared or else

masks: Byng Byng Byng Byng


title: John Byng

texts: given a lighter punishment and thatPhillips had been executed because he had been a powerless junior officer and thus a useful scapegoat. The death penalty for any officer of any rank who did not do his best against the enemy in battle or pursuit was added to the Articles of War. <mask>'s court-martial was held aboard the old 96-gun vessel HMS St George, which was moored in the harbor.Rear admirals Francis Holburne, Harry Norris and Thomas Broderick were part of a panel of nine captains. The verdict was delivered four weeks later on 27 January 1757, in the form of a series of resolutions describing the course of <mask>'s expedition to Minorca. <mask> was acquitted of cowardice. It found that <mask> had failed to keep his fleet together while engaging the French, that his flagship had opened fire at too great a distance to have any effect, and that he should have gone to Minorca instead of returning to Gibraltar. The court found that <mask> had not done his best to engage or destroy the enemy. The court had no discretion over punishment under the Articles of War after it determined that <mask> had failed to do his utmost. The court condemned <mask> to death, but recommended that King George II exercise his royal prerogative of mercy.The Lord Commissioner of the Admiralty, <mask>, signed <mask>'s death warrant. He attached a document explaining his refusal to the warrant, believing the sentence to be illegal. The archives of the Society of Genealogists have a copy of Forbes' draft on three sheets of paper. A second copy, signed "J.F." The Senate House Library is located at the University of London. It was published as a broadside. The First Lord of the Admiralty was granted an audience with the king, George II, to request clemency, but this was refused in an angry exchange.Four members of the board of the court-martial petitioned Parliament

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John Forbes
Byng