title: Aimee Mann

texts: <mask> is a singer-songwriter. She has released more than a dozen albums over the course of four decades. <mask> studied music at the Berklee College of Music in Boston, Massachusetts. She co-founded the new wave band 'Til Tuesday and wrote their top-ten single "Voices Carry" in 1985. <mask> left the band in 1990 to pursue a solo career. Whatever and I'm With Stupid were <mask>'s first solo albums. They got positive reviews but low sales.<mask> was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Original Song and aGrammy Award for Best Female Pop Vocal for her work on the soundtrack to Paul Thomas Anderson's Magnolia. <mask>'s third solo album, Bachelor No., was refused release by Geffen. <mask> self-released it in 2000. She has released seven albums. She was named one of the ten greatest living songwriters by NPR in 2006. <mask> was born in 1960. She was three when her mother had an affair and her parents divorced.<mask> was kidnapped by her mother and taken to Europe. A year after her father hired a private detective to bring her back from England, she met a new stepmother and two stepbrothers. <mask> didn't see her mother again until she was 14. <mask> believes the episode gave her post-traumatic stress disorder. <mask> grew up in Bon Air, Virginia, and graduated from Open High School in Richmond. <mask> told her family when she was 12 that she wanted to play the bass guitar. She didn't take up the instrument until later, after her family ridiculed her and she was in charge of her own life.I became more interested in music. I learned how to play the bass. What they thought mattered. She said she learned to play the guitar when she was confined to bed at the age of 12. <mask> liked punk and new wave music when he was a teenager. She said it was so inventive that you could do whatever you wanted. Is it true that people were accepting her?There is a way out. <mask> attended the Berklee College of Music in Boston, Massachusetts, in 1978 because she felt she didn't fit in. She joined the Young Snakes after dropping out. She said the other members objected to her writing love songs or any songs that had melody. She said she learned to write songs efficiently when she joined the industrial metal band Ministry. <mask> and Hausman formed the new wave band 'Til Tuesday' in Boston. Their first album, Voices Carry, was released in 1985.The MTV Video Music Award for Best New Artist was won by "Voices Carry", which reached number eight on the Hot 100. <mask> said that "Voices Carry" was one of the first songs she wrote. Welcome Home was their second album. <mask> appeared in the music video for "Time Stand Still" with Geddy Lee. Their third and final album, Everything's Different Now, was released in 1988 and broke up in 1990 when <mask> left to start her solo career. She said that 'Til Tuesday' was doing post-new-wave dance-pop. I felt like it wasn't my thing.I was more influenced by acoustic guitar music. Magnolia <mask> developed her first solo albums with producer and former 'Til Tuesday band mate Jon Brion. Whatever was her first solo album and was released on the independent label Imago. Imago encountered financial problems after she finished her second album and sold it to Geffen, who released I'm With Stupid in 1995. <mask>'s first two solo albums showed that she was a witty, self-possessed writer, but they did not meet sales expectations. <mask> was seen as an 80s pop casualty who was approaching has-been status. <mask>'s songs were used in the 1999 film Magnolia.Paul Thomas Anderson said he was going to write an adaptation of her songs. There is a sequence in the film in which the cast sing <mask>'s song "Wise Up". The Magnolia soundtrack album was certified gold. <mask> performed the nominated song "Save Me" at the 72nd Academy Awards. <mask> said the song gave him a blood transfusion. It wasn't like I went from playing to 5000 people. It was a real influx of energy.Bachelor No. was issued in 2000 and 2004. <mask>fen. It felt like it contained no hit singles. <mask> sold her music on tour, a move she described as a "DIY fuck-you-record-company-I'm-selling-it-myself" gesture. <mask> said she could not have gotten out of there fast enough when she left her record contract. <mask> and Hausman formed their own label, SuperEgo Records, and bought the Bachelor No. Two masters from Geffen.<mask> sold 25,000 copies via mail order, a large amount for an independent artist. Bachelor No. secured a distribution deal. I'm With Stupid sold more than 200,000 copies. According to Gail Marowitz, a Sony employee, <mask> would make more money selling 70,000 albums independently than by selling 300,000 on a major label. <mask> formed the Acoustic Vaudeville project with her husband, Michael Penn, in 2000. They were joined by comedians like Janeane Garofalo and David Cross. <mask> sued Universal Music in 2001 over the release of The Ultimate Collection, which she considered to be substandard and misleading.She was a judge at the first Annual Independent Music Awards. She judged the competition in 2011. <mask>'s fourth solo album, Lost in Space, was released in 2002. In 2004, she released Live at St. Ann's Warehouse, a live album and DVD recorded at a series of shows in Brooklyn, New York City. The Forgotten Arm and #%&*! <mask> released The Forgotten Arm, a concept album about two lovers who meet at the Virginia State Fair and go on the run. The album was nominated for the Best Recording Package.A Christmas album featuring covers and new songs was released in October of 2006 by <mask>. <mask> said she didn't like the approach of combining Christmas songs with modern genres, and instead drew inspiration from Christmas records by Bing Crosby, Frank Sinatra, and the Vince Guaraldi Trio. <mask> released a song in 2008. Gary Taxali's artwork was nominated for a gramophone. It made its debut on the Top Independent Albums chart at number 2. #%&*! "Smilers pops with color, something that gives it an immediacy that's rare for an artist known for songs that subtly worm their way into the subconscious, and it grabs a listener, never making him or her work at learning."Bobcat Goldthwait directed the music video for "31 Today". <mask> performed at a poetry seminar at the White House in May 2011. Charmer was her eighth solo album and featured a duet with James Mercer of the Shins. Two singles were released: "Charmer", with a music video directed by Tom Scharpling; and "Labrador," which featured actor Jon Hamm and references to <mask>'s music videos with 'Til Tuesday. They formed a duo, the Both, and performed in Los Angeles and San Francisco. The Both was released in April of last year. <mask> filed a lawsuit against MediaNet Digital Inc., claiming they were distributing 120 of her songs on an expired license agreement.She wanted to claim $18 million in statutory damages. <mask> settled out of court. "Giant Woman", an episode of Steven Universe, featured <mask> as the voice of the Gem fusion Opal. She reprised her role in Steven Universe: The Movie. <mask> released a new song, "Can't You Tell", as part of the 30 days 30 songs campaign in protest of Donald Trump. Mental Illness was <mask>'s ninth solo album. It won the award for best folk album.<mask> and Coulton performed at the Revolution Hall. <mask> contributed a song to an episode of Big Mouth. <mask> performed the 1984 Cars song "Drive" as a bar singer in an episode of The Assassination of Gianni Versace: American Crime Story. <mask> released an expanded 20th-anniversary reissue of Bachelor No. 2 for Record Store Day. Stanley Tucci performed <mask>'s song, "Big Deal", for the animated series Central Park. She released Queens of the Summer Hotel on November 5, 2021.The musical based on the memoir with producers Barbara Broccoli and Frederick Zollo was canceled because of the COVID-19 Pandemic. <mask> admires several artists, including Leonard Cohen, Stephen Sondheim, and Jimmy Webb. According to the New York Times, <mask> is a "formalist of pop songwriting" whose "verses, choruses and bridges arrive in their proper places and melodies trace a measured, symmetrical rise and fall". NPR named her one of the ten greatest living songwriters. <mask> was married to Michael Penn, brother of Sean Penn and Chris Penn. <mask> was recording her first solo album. They live in Los Angeles.<mask> checked into the Sierra Tucson rehab center in 2002 with a variety of disorders. After her tour bus was flipped by a drunk driver, she was stressed out by the success of the Magnolia soundtrack and was suffering from intrusive thoughts about car accidents. <mask> was unable to listen to music for a year because of a nervous system disorder she developed in 2020. She believed the disorder was caused by a combination of childhood trauma and stress. I'm with Stupid is a movie. The Last Remains of the Dodo, Lost in Space, and The Forgotten Arm are examples. "Save Me" is the best song written for visual media."Voices Carry" won the Best Female Performance award at the American Video Awards. She backed vocals to "The Far Away Nearby", a song on Lauper's second album. She sang on Rush's song "Time Stand Still" in 1987. The single is called Rush. In 1995 she recorded a cover version of "One" on the album For the Love of Harry: Everybody Sings Nilsson and in 1996 she recorded a cover version of "Baby Blue" on the Badfinger tribute album Come and Get It. On the album Shaken and Stirred: The David Arnold James Bond Project, <mask> recorded a cover of the theme song from The Spy Who Loved Me. <mask>'s song "Amateur" was used in the film Sliding Doors.<mask> recorded covers of The Beatles' "Two of Us" with Michael Penn and "Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds" for the soundtrack of the film I Am Sam. She contributed vocals to the song "This Far" from the album Dim Stars Bright Sky. <mask> sang "That's Me Trying" from William Shatner's album Has Been in 2004. She contributed vocals to the song "Unforgiven" from the album A Year in the Wilderness. She contributed vocals to the song "No More Amsterdam" on Steve Vai's album The Story of Light. She recorded the song "Two Horses" for the soundtrack of Tim and Eric's Billion Dollar Movie. The song "Wise Up" was used for an organ-donor campaign."Bigger Than Love" is a song she contributed to. <mask> was on the Ivan & Alyosha album. <mask> contributed a version of "Come Sail Away" to the Community episode. In 1998, <mask> made a brief appearance in the film The Big Lebowski as a German nihilist who sacrificed her right toe in a kidnapping scheme. <mask> and her band performed at the Bronze in 2002 as themselves in Buffy the Vampire Slayer. She said in the episode that she hates playing vampire towns. The Buffy soundtrack album features the latter song.She and her band performed a cover of James Taylor's "Shed a Little Light" at a Rock the Vote concert. <mask> appeared on an episode of Love Monkey. "The Great Beyond" and "At the Edge of the World" were both contributed to the soundtrack. <mask> appeared in Lewis Black's Root of All Evil on Comedy Central in 2008. <mask> sang the opening theme song for One Tree Hill. In the Portlandia sketch, she plays herself working as a cleaning woman and tells Fred and Carrie that she needs the second job to make ends meet. <mask> made a brief appearance on the April 8 episode of The Daily Show in a comedy segment about pubic shaving.<mask> provided the voice of Opal in an episode of Steven Universe. <mask> made two appearances on the show with Jonathan Coulton and Dave Hill. <mask> and Ted Leo of Both band performed a song for Lincoln Chafee on August 19, 2015. <mask> covered the Carpenters' hit single "Yesterday Once More" in the second episode of Vinyl. In the episode, Natalie Prass lip syncs <mask>'s cover in a car with Wilde's character in a dream sequence. In Little Big Awesome, <mask> appeared as the moon. <mask> played a character on Comedy Central's Corporate in the episode "The Pain of Being Alive".She plays an employee of a company that has a very desirable parking space. <mask> doesn't sing or play music in this episode, but her song "Nothing is Good Enough" plays as her character is hit by a car. She appeared in the fourth episode of American Crime Story as a singer in a bar. Ryan Murphy was adamant that <mask> be chosen when it came to casting the role but, after initially turning down the Phil Collins song in the script, <mask> suggested "Drive" by The Cars and sent a demo which the producers referred to as "a little piece of musical genius". She also co-hosted The Art of Process on her own show. The hosts of the show ask questions of various celebrities, such as Rebecca Sugar. In Steven Universe: The Movie, she sang "Independent Together" with Ted Leo, who played Steg, the fusion of Steven and Greg.Her co- vocals on "Static on the Radio" by Jim White can be heard in the credits of a movie. She recorded a cover of Leonard Cohen's song "Avalanche" in 2020 for use in the opening credits of I'll Be Gone In The Dark. In Summer Camp Island, she was in the role of River Siren.

masks: Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mannef Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann Mann


title: Panait Cerna

type: paraphrased

texts: Panayot Stanchov or <mask> was a Romanian poet, philosopher, and literary critic. A native speaker of Bulgaria, Cerna developed a style of writing that was related to classicism and neoclassicism. He was promoted by the leader of the conservative literary society, Titu Maiorescu, as well as by his disciples Mihail Dragomirescu and Simion Mehedini. The group's main representative during its decline was <mask>. He was associated with other literary journals and contributed pieces to a magazine. A graduate of the University of Bucharest, <mask> studied in the German Empire. He befriended the self-exiled dramatist Ion Luca Caragiale and the literary critic Paul Zarifopol at the University of Berlin and the University of Leipzig.After a long battle with Tuberculosis, <mask> died at the age of thirty-one. Along with various love poems, he also wrote about his intellectual interests. Many of his peers found this intellectual characteristic outdated and artificial. Early life <mask>'s name was commonly transliterated into Romania as Stanciof, Stancov or Stancioff. The poet preferred the name <mask> because he was born in Northern Dobruja. Panayot Stachov (<mask> Stanciov) was the father of <mask> <mask>. He married Maria Tacu.She was the daughter of local peasants. Before Maria gave birth to their son, the administration took over Northern Dobruja. Stanchov left his family behind after he refused to accept the change. <mask> never met his father. His childhood was marked by poverty and social isolation, according to his own account. We lived in a house on the outskirts that was avoided by other men because of a rumor that ghosts haunted its rooms. Is it possible to live in the middle of winter without a fire on, with doors that barely close, and windows that are plastered with paper?A person made of iron would feel cold. Although his father's departure weakened his ties to the culture of Bulgaria, he became fluent in the language. George Clinescu said that he had some difficulties speaking and writing in Romanian, but was able to do it with ease. After completing primary school in his native village, he graduated from a high school in the Danube port of Brila and then from the Faculty of Letters and Philosophy in Bucharest. The Faculty of Chemistry and Physics was where he was attending lectures. George Cobuc's Foaia Interesant magazine published a poem by <mask> at the age of sixteen. His first poem, Orientale, was published in the magazine Carmen.After reaching the capital, Cerna became involved in political debates and the literary environment. These early activities are recorded in a 1904 series of articles in the student paper Tipuri i Ticuri, where P. Stanciov is the object of satire. He collaborated with the magazine led by Simion Mehedini. His poems appeared in other publications after 1903, including Floare Albastr and Revista Modern. In 1906, <mask> graduated from university despite financial difficulties. His thesis was given a magna cum laude qualification. He was seriously ill with Tuberculosis and wanted a change in climate.The area of Rucr, the Bucegi Mountains, and the Jiu Valley were visited by <mask> many times during this period. He failed to deliver the promised sum on time after buying himself a horse from a Rucr local. Clinescu describes <mask> as an outspoken opponent of the way in which the authorities handled the peasant uprising of 1907. As Mihail Dragomirescu parted with Mehedini to establish Convorbiri Critice, he became one of his main allies. The writers included in the group of Convorbiri Critice were D. Nanu, Corneliu Moldovanu, I. Dragoslav, and Gheorghe Vlsan. He continued his studies in the German Empire. The decision was influenced and encouraged by Titu Maiorescu, who was the Minister of Education.This is a sign of late Junimist elitism, a view that implied that all literary men should be academics. Smntorul was more open to less elitist environments and this was one of the few areas that still differed from it. He studied philosophy, English and German language literature at the University of Berlin, despite visiting the University of Heidelberg. According to the dramatist's own testimony, he first came into contact with the Caragiales around 1909, and then tutored his son Luca Caragiale. Ion Luca Caragiale said that <mask> was a great lover of music. One of the richest intelligent minds to have ever been produced by our nation, Caragiale, was the subject of a second meeting between the two writers in 1910. The literary debut of Caragiale's other son, Mateiu, was welcomed by Cerna two years later.From late 1910 to early 1912, <mask> was at the University of Leipzig, where he attended courses held by the philosophers and psychologists. He left an impression on his student. In a letter home, <mask> described his modest appearance, which he claimed recalled that of "decrepit" Orthodox members of the Romanian Jewish community. According to Clinescu, <mask>'s work stated the importance of "natural ideas" over reasoning, and concluded that "ideas have the purpose of signaling the problematic tensions of the soul." The German-language dictum "In der Poesie ist der Gedanke: An idea is a damned thing when" was written by Maiorescu. Two years after the first volume of poetry was published, the author was made a co-recipient of the Vasile Adamachi Award. In 1911, some of his poems were still being published.The man died after receiving his degree. When <mask> died, Zarifopol was present and recorded Maiorescu's views on poetry. The poet's body was exhumed for burial in the Bellu Cemetery. Among the contributors to Romania's literature whose work "steers toward classicism" are Henri Sanielevici and Ion Tri. In this account, <mask> is a part of a group of "conceptual" poets. For part of his life, <mask> was committed to Symbolism and the local Symbolist movement, whose aesthetic ideals he merged with his lyrical style, and sought to recover part of the Romantic legacy. He was known as the translator of works by Romantic poets, as well as for adopting a Messianic and Humanist perspective on life.Tudor Vianu notes the influence of Mihai Eminescu, the major mid-19th-century classicist and Junimist poet. The "matter in which [<mask>] worked was dominated by Eminescu," according to Eugen Lovinescu. He cautions that there is a major difference between the two. The poet considered himself to be an improved follower of Eminescu. His Childe Harold was translated from Lord Byron, a main figure of English Romanticism. The Book of Genesis was the inspiration for one of <mask>'s poems. It builds on themes from the play Cain and constituted an interrogation of divine laws.According to contemporary critic Ilarie Chendi, the reflexive poet is a hybrid form of conceptual poetry that reconciles poetry and philosophy. Although praised by <mask>'s contemporaries, this goal was "mediocre", and that the literature it produced "does not express and does not suggest profound spiritual states, but, on the contrary, it expresses by means of rhetorical dialectic". According to Paul Zarifopol, the classicist poets Friedrich Schiller, Louise-Victorine Ackermann and Jean-Marie Guyau, as well as the Parnassian Sully Prudhomme, were beloved by <mask>. There was a moment of "academic foolishness" in <mask>'s career when this statement was made. The poet is described as "not accomplished" by Clinescu. He states: "Cerna declamatory, banal and dry in his use of metaphors, although he displays a touch of the sublime here and there." Many of the expressions <mask> used in his poetry were not acceptable, and were characterized by banality.Clinescu argued that the lyrics in questions are actually the acceptable ones, and that the awkward wordings are completely lost in the language. The subject of unrequited love was one of the major ones in Cerna's lyric, which was marked by the use of banal and repetitive poetic images. The critic points to the influence of classicist authors such as Eminescu, Dante Aligheri, and Giacomo Leopardi. One of the pieces, written from the perspective of a man who has once failed to gain the object of his affection, features the lyrics. He concluded that these features surpassed everything written in our country. The 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 Cerna's protest over the violent suppression of the 1907 revolt was lyricized in several contexts in one of his better-known pieces from the series of love poems.<mask> called on Peace not to arrive until the social issue was solved. In Zile de durere, he appeals to the Sun to wash out the blood of peasant victims, because <mask> <mask>'s lifetime success and literary fame made him the target of adulation among his fellow traditionalists. According to Clinescu, this group saw him as Romania's answer to Schiller. According to several historians, he was one of the most important members of the early 20th century because of the decline of the literary society. <mask> was listed alongside other minor writers in Mehedini's 1914 account of the promotion of the "original manifestations of Romanian culture". Z. Ornea believes that this showed a decline in standards as well as Mehedini's "tastelessness". According to Ornea, this circle had failed to impose a new literary direction, and was also related to the legacy of other groups.He was seen as a model to follow by his disciples, equating him with a mid-19th century classicist. According to Zarifopol, <mask>'s submission to classicist goals ruined him as a poet and made him unhappy. Clinescu notes that the poet's adoption of a mainstream approach to poetry also pleased his public, and that schoolbooks of the day celebrated him as a Romanian classic while completely ignoring more controversial Symbolists. The style of 20th-century poets has been shaped by his contributions. Smntorul's Ion Sn-Giorgiu, who later became a fascist, is among them, as is the socialist Alexandru Toma. One of the authors who had been influenced by <mask>'s style was Demostene Botez, who dedicated a poem to his mentor. He notes that a group of his young "female admirers" were surprised to find out that their hero was short, pudgy, wide-necked and ruddy-faced.He writes that the girls were in agreement with the philosophy that the ideal of a mosaic of perfections is naive and unlikely. Most of Cerna's contributions were rejected by other advocates of literature. Ovid Densusianu was the first to say that an artist's work should be separated from his life. Densusianu had a tendency to reject all poets who registered popular success, and that he treated Dimitrie Anghel's work in much the same way, according to Lovinescu. The poet's house in Cerna is a museum and also houses a permanent exhibit dedicated to the traditional arts and crafts of Tulcea County. There is a bust of the poet. There are streets and a library named after him, as well as a high school and a county library.An annual poetry and essay contest is held by the local authorities. Istoria literaturii romne de la origini pn n prezent was written by George Clinescu. Z. Ornea, junimismul, Vol. The second edition of Editura Minerva was published in 1998. The vols. of Tudor Vianu are romni. In 1970–1971, Editura Minerva, Bucharest. There are external links to the University of Bucharest and the University of Berlin.

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Panait Staciov
Cerna
Cerna
Cerna
Cerna
Cerna
Panait
Panait
Cerna
Cerna
Cerna
Cerna
Cerna
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Cerna
Cerna
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Legacy Panait
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Cerna


title: Morrison Waite

texts: <mask> "Mott" <mask> was an attorney, judge, and politician from Ohio. He was the seventh chief justice of the United States. The federal authority related to laws and amendments that were enacted during the Reconstruction Era to expand the rights of freedmen and protect them from attacks by white-supremacy groups was the subject of a narrow interpretation by the Waite Court. After graduating from Yale University, <mask> established a legal practice in Toledo, Ohio. He was elected to the Ohio Senate as a member of the Whig Party. He helped establish the Ohio Republican Party. He presided over the Ohio constitutional convention and was a counsel in the Alabama claims.President Grant searched for a successor to Chief Justice Salmon P. Chase, who died in May 1873. Grant was supported by the Secretary of the Interior Columbus Delano. The nomination of the relatively obscure <mask> was poorly received by some politicians, but the Senate unanimously confirmed him and he took office in March 1874. He didn't run for president in 1876 because he didn't think the Supreme Court should be used as a stepping stone to higher office. He was on the court until his death. He was well regarded as an administrator and conciliator, despite not being an intellectual force on the Supreme Court. He joined most other Justices in narrowly interpreting the Reconstruction Amendments and sought a balance between federal and state power.Government regulation of grain elevators and railroads was upheld in his majority opinion. The legal concept of corporate personhood was established by him. The Civil Rights Act of 1875, which prohibited discrimination in access to public services, was struck down by a majority in the Civil Rights Cases. <mask> <mask> was the son of an attorney and his wife Maria Selden, who was born on November 29, 1816. His father was a judge of the Superior Court and associate judge of the Supreme Court of Connecticut from 1834 to 1854. <mask> practiced law with his brother Richard. One of his classmates was Lyman Trumbull.He graduated from Yale University with Samuel J. Tilden, who was the 1876 Democratic presidential nominee. When he was a student at Yale, he became a member of the Skull and Bones and Brothers in Unity societies. He became a law clerk for his father after graduating. After moving to Ohio, he studied law at the office of Samuel L. Young. He went into practice with his mentor after he was admitted to the bar. Business and property law became prominent for the law firm. He was elected to a single term as mayor.Amelia Champlin Warner was married to him on September 21, 1840. They had three sons and a daughter. In 1850, <mask> and his family moved to Toledo, where he set up a branch office of his law firm. He became a leader of the state bar. <mask> and his brother Richard founded a new firm after Young retired. George P. Estey was from New Hampshire and served as a Union Army general during the American Civil War. An active member of the Whig Party, <mask> was elected to a term in the Ohio Senate.He was offered a seat on the Ohio Supreme Court but turned it down. Because of his opposition to slavery, Waite joined the Republican Party and helped to organize it in his home state. He was one of the best lawyers in Ohio by 1870. The United States was invited to represent it before the Alabama Tribunal at Geneva in 1871. He won a fifteen million dollar award from the tribunal in his first national role. He was unanimously selected to preside over the Ohio 1873 constitutional convention. The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court was nominated by President Grant in January 1874.After the death of Chief Justice Salmon P. Chase, Grant waited six months before offering the seat to the powerful Senator Roscoe Conkling of New York. After ruling out a promotion of a sitting Associate Justice to Chief, Grant was determined to appoint an outsider as Chief Justice and offered the Chief Justiceship to senators Oliver Morton of Indiana and Timothy Howe of Wisconsin. He submitted his nomination to the Senate on December 1. After charges of corruption made his confirmation all but certain, Grant withdrew the nomination. Grant withdrew his nominee for Attorney General after Republican senators alleged Civil War-era connections between him and Jefferson Davis. Grant nominated the little-known Waite after persistent lobbying from Ohioans. He received a telegram notifying him of his nomination.The nomination was not well received. "It is a wonder that Grant did not pick up some old acquaintances, who was a stage driver or bartender, for the place," said the former Secretary of the Navy. It was relief that a non-divisive and competent choice had been made, and that Waite was confirmed as Chief Justice on January 21, 1874, receiving his commission the same day. On March 4, 1874, Waite took the oaths of office. The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court was not an intellectual force. His good humor and sensitivity to others helped him to maintain a remarkably harmonious and productive court. The Court decided more than 3000 cases.The large number of cases decided and the variety of issues confronted reflected the lack of discretion the Court had at the time in hearing appeals from lower federal and state courts. He was able to get his brethren to reach decisions and write opinions. One-third of the opinions he drafted were his own. He was in favor of broad national authority in matters of regulation over economic activity. The balance of federal and state authority was a primary theme in his opinions. Supreme Court jurisprudence was influenced by these opinions. The interpretation of the Reconstruction Amendments was involved in some of the cases that grew out of the American Civil War and Reconstruction.He sympathized with the court's tendency to interpret the amendments narrowly. The court ruled that the states had to be relied on to protect citizens from attacks by other private citizens. The highest duty of the States was to protect all persons within their boundaries in the enjoyment of their unalienable rights. For this purpose, sovereignty rests with the States. It is not the duty of the United States to punish for a conspiracy to false imprisonment or murder in a State than it is to punish itself. We may suspect that race was the cause of the hostility, but is it true? The court overturned the convictions of three men accused of massacring at least 105 blacks in the Grant Parish, Louisiana, courthouse on Easter 1873.The men's convictions were thrown out because the indictments they were charged with were infirm because they failed to state specifically that the murders were committed on account of the victims' race. The rules of racial relations in the South should be set by white moderates. The states were not prepared to protect African Americans. Most lynchings and paramilitary attacks against blacks were not prosecuted. The majority of the Court and the people outside the South were tired of the bitter race relations of Reconstruction. Jim Crow laws were passed in the 1870s when white Democrats regained power in the south. After years of fraud and violence to suppress black voting, all the Democrat-dominated southern state legislatures passed new constitutions or amendments that disfranchised most African Americans and many poor whites in the South.The groups were excluded from the political system. The Court's response to claims by other groups showed Waite's social and political orientation. The 14th Amendment and restricted definition of national citizenship were used by Waite to uphold the states' right to deny women the franchise. He supported the admission of women to the Supreme Court bar. In his opinion, he wrote that when a business or private property was affected with a public interest, it was subject to governmental regulation. The court ruled against the charges that the laws interfered with private property rights without due process of law. This opinion was seen as a milestone in the growth of federal government regulation.New Dealers in the Franklin Roosevelt administration sought guidance in interpreting due process, as well as the Commerce and Contract Clauses. The Head Money Cases, the Ku-Klux Case, the Civil Rights Cases, and the Legal Tender Cases all concur with the majority. He personally wrote the Enforcement Act Cases, the Sinking Fund Cases, the Railroad Commission Cases and the Telephone Cases. In 1876, amid speculation about a third term for President Grant, some Republicans turned to Waite. He was the better candidate for the Republican Party. "My duty is not to make it a stepping stone to someone else but to preserve its purity and make my own name as honorable as that of any of my predecessors," he said. In the aftermath of the presidential election of 1876, Waite refused to sit on the Electoral Commission that decided the electoral votes of Florida because of his friendship with a GOP presidential nominee.Presidents James Garfield, Chester A. Arthur, and Grover Cleveland were sworn in by the Chief Justice. After suffering a breakdown, he refused to retire. He continued to draft opinions and lead the court after he died. Santa Clara County in California was sued by the Chief Legal advisor for the Southern Pacific Railroad because it was trying to regulate the railroad's activity. Local governments couldn't "discriminate" against a railroad because it was a person under the Constitution, according to his claim. When Santa Clara County v. Southern Pacific Railroad Company came before the Court, Sanderson said that corporate persons should be treated the same as natural persons. The court does not wish to hear argument on the question whether the provision in the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution, which forbids a State, is unconstitutional.We all agree that it does. Davis wrote a letter to Waite, dated May 26, 1886, in order to make sure his headnote was correct. The California Railroad Tax cases expresses what was said before the argument began. We avoided meeting the constitutional question in the decision, so I leave it to you to decide if anything should be said about it in the report. The dictum in the headnote changed the course of history and how corporations came to have the legal rights of a human person. In his book Unequal Protection: The Rise of Corporate Dominance and Theft of Human Rights, Thomas Hartmann states that in these two sentences, Waite weakened the kind of democratic republic the original authors of the Constitution had envisioned. After being fought back by America's founding fathers, the East India Company gained a tool that would allow them to regain control of most of North America and the world in the coming decades.The majority of the Fourteenth Amendment cases brought before the Supreme Court were brought by corporations seeking the rights of natural persons. Felix Frankfurter said that he did not confine the constitution within the limits of his own experience. ... The lawyer in him was not interested in the views of the client he served at the bar or the environment in which he moved. The Chief Justice died of pneumonia. There was no hint that his illness was serious, which caused a stir in Washington. His condition was kept confidential in order to not alarm his wife who was in California.The Washington Post devoted its entire front page to his death. Many people joined in the mourning. Justices Bradley and Matthews did not accompany his body on the special train that went to Toledo, Ohio. Mrs. Waite arrived in time for the funeral. There were reports that the Chief Justice would be buried in a family plot in Forest Hill Cemetery, but he was not. He was buried in Toledo, Ohio. The small estate left by the Chief Justice was insufficient to support his widow and daughters.The organized Bar in Washington and New York created two funds for the benefit of Waite's family members. <mask>'s funeral was held in the Capitol building. The President, First Lady, Cabinet, and Supreme Court justices were in attendance at the funeral. Legacy Waite High School is named after him. See also Corporate personality Demographics of the Supreme Court of the United States List of justices of the Supreme Court of the United States List of United States Supreme Court justices by time in office The court was founded in 1874. 19th-century American Episcopalians, 19th-century American judges, and 19th-century American politicians were Chief Justices of the United States.Politicians from Toledo, Ohio, as well as Mayors of places in Ohio, are alumni of Yale University.

masks:
Morrison Remick
Waite
Waite
Waite
Morrison Remick
Waite
Morrison
Waite
Waite
Waite
Morrison Waite


title: Gillis van Tilborgh

texts: A Flemish painter who worked in various genres including portraits, 'low-life' and elegant genre paintings and paintings of picture galleries was named <mask>. He traveled to England to paint portraits of people in the picture collection of the governor of the Habsburg Netherlands. There is a chance that <mask> was born in Brussels. He studied under both his father and David Teniers the Younger. He became a master in the guild in 1654. He was the dean of the Guild. In 1666 he was appointed the keeper of the painting collection of the court and castle of Tervuren, the residence of the governor of the Habsburg Netherlands.David Teniers the Younger held the same position as Archduke Leopold Wilhelm, the art loving governor of the Habsburg Netherlands. None of Van Tilborgh's assistants or pupils have been identified. He traveled to England in 1670 and was depicted in a painting giving money to charity. The location and date of his death are not known. The works of General <mask> <mask> are from 1650 to 1671. He usually signed with a letter. His subject matter includes portraits, group portraits, tavern scenes, village feasts, merry companies, picture galleries and guardroom scenes.He was known for his artistic skills. He shows himself to be a close follower of Adriaen Brouwer in his tavern scenes. This can be seen in The drinker. His village scenes are similar to those of David Teniers the Younger. Teniers moved away from the traditional depictions of peasants as uncultured boors towards a more idealised and elevated perception of peasants and village life. The Village inn is located in the Hermitage. The subject matter of picture galleries was developed in the 17th century.Many paintings and other precious items are displayed in large rooms in gallery paintings. Art objects together with other items such as scientific instruments were depicted in the earliest works. There are portraits of the owners of art objects or artists at work in some gallery paintings. The paintings are heavy with symbolism and allegory and are a reflection of the intellectual preoccupations of the age. The mid 17th century gallery paintings of the collection of Archduke Leopold Wilhelm are some of the most famous examples of the genre. The genre was practiced by other painters around the time of <mask>h. The Spencer Museum of Art has an example of <mask>h's gallery paintings.A group of five gentlemen are admiring several sculptures some of which they are holding. There are paintings on the walls of the room. Some paintings that are about to be evaluated are resting on the floor or on a chair. At least one of the people depicted is an artist. Teniers started removing non-art objects from the gallery. He depicts his figures in the gallery paintings to show that they are part of an elite. He included artists at work in some of his paintings.The genre of gallery paintings became a medium to accentuate the idea that the powers of discernment associated with connoisseurship are more desirable than other forms of knowing. His series documenting paintings held at Tervuren castle are examples of his contributions to the genre. Gonzales Coques was referred to as the 'little <mask>' because of his portraits of bourgeois sitters. He painted allegories, an example of which is the series depicting the Five Senses. He painted at least two guardroom scenes, a type of genre scene that was popular in the Dutch Republic in the 17th century. David Teniers the Younger, Abraham Teniers, Anton Goubau, Cornelis Mahu, and Jan Baptist Tijssens the Younger were some of the practitioners of the genre in Flanders. The guard room scene depicts an interior scene with officers and soldiers.Guardroom scenes included prostitutes, mercenaries, and other activities that were reprehensible. The Guardroom scene is a depiction of an officer reading a letter to four men amidst a pile of weapons and a war standard. The armour depicted in the picture was painted in the 1620s, when metal armours, breast plates and helmets were no longer used. It is possible that the armour is a reference to the vanitas theme of the transience of power and fame. The Guardroom scene is in the Hermitage collection. There are many people engaging in various activities in a large guardroom. Two men are standing in the middle of the guardroom.The custom at the time was to collaborate with other artists. While the artist painted the landscape, he would take care of the staffage. A portrait of the Van der Witte Family is said to have been painted together with a landscape painter. The artists placed their subjects on a steep rise overlooking their large estate. Guilliam van Schoor and the Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium collaborated on a View of Tervuren castle. A few workers and a few watchers are engaged in contemplative and leisurely activities. Two people are playing music.An exotic bird perched on the neck of the guitar provides a visual substitute for the music that can't be heard. There are links between Flemish Baroque painters and Flemish genre painters.

masks:
Gillis van Tborch
Life Gillis van Tborgh
Gillis
van Tilborgh
van Tborg
van Tborg
van Dyck


title: William Langland

texts: <mask> is thought to have written a work of Middle English alliterative verse known as Piers Plowman, an allegory with a variety of religious themes. The language and concepts of the cloister were translated into symbols and images by the poem. <mask> is known as Life Little. According to internal evidence in Piers Plowman, he was born around 1330 in the West Midlands of England. The narrator in Piers Plowman received his first vision while sleeping in the Malvern Hills, which suggests a connection to the area. This part of the country is consistent with the dialect of the poem. Piers Plowman's imagination says he has followed him for five and forty winters.A note in the Dublin manuscript of Piers Plowman says that <mask> was the son of Stacy de Rokayle. There are strong claims that <mask> was born in Ledbury, Herefordshire, and Great Malvern, Worcestershire. There is a memorial window depicting the Piers Plowman vision on the porch of the church. Langland is thought to have been a novitiate. <mask> is thought to have died in 1385 or 1366. In a manuscript from the 13th century, a note written by "Iohan but" mentions Wille's death. Edith Rickert claims that <mask> died shortly before this date, and that John But died in 1387.Some scholars think <mask> was the author of Richard the Redeless. Piers Plowman reconstructed most of what is believed about <mask>. In the C text of the poem, the narrator describes himself as a "loller" or "idler" living in the Cornhill area of London, and refers to his wife and child. He was above average height and made a living praying for the dead. The entire passage of Piers Plowman is reminiscent of the false confession tradition of medieval literature, as observed by Wendy Scase. In the final Passus of the B and C texts, there are more ambiguous details on the poet's wife and torments by Elde. This may indicate that the poet had reached middle age by the 1370s, but the accuracy of the passage is called into question by the conventional nature of the description (see, for instance, Walter Kennedy's "In Praise of Aige" and The Parliament of the Three Ages)The detailed and highly sophisticated religious knowledge displayed in the poem indicates that <mask> had some connection to the clergy, but the nature of this relationship is not certain. The poem does not show bias towards any group or order of churchmen. It is difficult to align Langland with any particular order. He is a member of a group of clerks who formed the radical fringe of contemporary society. According to Malcolm Godden, he lived as an idiosyncrasy, attaching himself to a patron temporarily and exchanging writing services for shelter and food. The idea that <mask> was a follower of John Wycliffe was promoted in the 1550 edition of Piers Plowman. The conclusion is challenged by the early appropriation of the Plowman figure.<mask> and Wycliffe shared many concerns, including questioning the value of pilgrimages, promoting the use of the vernacular in preaching, and even advocating disendowment. The topics were not associated with Wycliffe until after <mask>'s death. Pamela Gradon observes that Langland doesn't echo Wycliffe's teachings on the sacraments. The evidence of a manuscript held at Trinity College, Dublin is what leads to the Attribution of Piers Plowman to <mask>. Willielmi <mask> died in Shipton-under-Wychwood, a tenant of the Lord Spenser, according to this manuscript. <mask> of Wychwood is most likely shorthand for Robert or <mask>. The poem points to <mask>'s authorship.The narrator says his name is longe wille at one point. This can be seen as a reference to the poet's name in the style of late-medieval literature, such as Villon's acrostics in Le Testament. It has been suggested that medieval writers and readers may have understood this line as referring to <mask>e, a Norfolk rebel who used a different name. Langland's authorship has been accepted since the 1920s. It is not, however, completely beyond dispute, as recent work by C. David Benson has demonstrated. John M. Bowers wrote "Piers Plowman and the Police: notes towards a history of the Wycliffite Langland." 1–50."Langland and the Ideology of Dissent" was written by Pamela Godden. 179–5. The Making of Piers Plowman was written by Malcolm Gradon. "John But, Messenger and Maker" was written by Edith Rickert. 105–16. Wendy Scase is the author of Piers Plowman and the New Anticlericalism. The website of the International Piers Plowman Society has a database of scholarship on Piers Plowman and other alliterative poems.Piers Plowman Electronic Archive is a multi-level hypertextually linked electronic archive of all three versions of the fourteenth-century allegorical dream vision Piers Plowman. 14th-century English people, Middle English poets, and Roman Catholic mystics.

masks:
William Langland
Langland
Langland
Langland
Langland
Langland
Langland
Langland
Langland
Langland
Langland
Langland
Langland
de Langland
William
William Langland
Langland
William Longwill


title: Dawn Landes

texts: <mask> is an American musician and singer. She lived and performed in Brooklyn, New York for many years. She has released five full-length albums as a recording artist, including dawn's music, Fireproof, Sweetheart Rodeo, Bluebird, and Meet Me At The River. In support of her releases, <mask> has toured extensively in the US, Europe and around the world, often sharing the stage with artists such as Ray Lamontagne, Feist, Andrew Bird, José Gonzlez, The Weakerthans, Midlake, Suzanne Vega, and S She is a member of New York City American roots music band Hem. Sufjan Stevens' band is on tour. She worked at Philip Glass' own recording studio as a producer and engineer.Saltlands Studio was founded by <mask> in 2007. She has collaborated with other people in the studio. The Good Wife, Bored to Death, Skins, House, Gossip Girl and United States of Tara have all featured her songs. She composed music for two feature films and wrote the end credit song for another. In 2012 <mask> appeared with the NYC Ballet at the Lincoln Center for the Benjamin Millepied ballet "Two Hearts" singing a song called "The Brown Girl" as part of the composer's score. Mal Habillée is a collection of original French songs. It features guest vocals by Matthew Caws and Tunde Adebimpe and an interactive ebook with illustrations by Danica Novgorodoff.She won the Folk/Singer-Songwriter Album of the Year at the 14th Annual Independent Music Awards. On October 2, 2020, <mask> released her latest album, ROW, featuring the music from the upcoming musical of the same name, written with book-writer Daniel Goldstein. Ted Talk <mask> was presented in 2015 on the musical's subject, transatlantic rower, to begin the album project. Will, Rachel, and Ben are on the album. The show was supposed to premiere in the summer of 2020 at the Williamstown Theatre Festival, but was delayed due to the COVID-19 Pandemic. The seven productions that were supposed to be performed during the 2020 festival have been released by the festival. <mask> is a member of The Bandana Splits.<mask> was once married to a musician. She is married to a musician and has a daughter. The dawn's music includes Fireproof Sweetheart Rodeo, Meet Me at the River, and Two Three Four. The ending credit played a song called "Kissing Song". She contributed a song for the film's closing credits. The song "Straight Lines" was used in an episode of United States of Tara. It was used in a commercial for Chrysler Town and Country.Transport for London used "Straight Lines" in a television advertisement. The documental "When Harry Left Hogwarts" was released as a special feature on the DVD version of Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows Part 2. The song "Drive" was used in an episode of House M.D. The hidden track "Won't Back Down" was used in a video for the Human Rights Campaign. The song "Toy Piano" was used in an episode of Californication and Bored to Death. A song from the album Fireproof was used in an episode of Holby City. In the fifth episode of Underbelly: A Tale of Two Cities, the track "Mud and Stars" was used."All Dressed in White" was used in the premiere of Skins. <mask> has composed music for two feature films. On The Good Wife, the song "Home" was used. The No Depression Town and Country page has links to other websites.

masks:
Dawn Landes
Landes
Landes
Landes
Landes
Landes
Landes
Landes
Landes


title: Titus Quinctius Flamininus

texts: Flamininus was a Roman politician who was instrumental in the Roman conquest of Greece. The minor patrician Gens Quinctia had a family named Flamininus. The family had a great place in the early history of Rome, but it lost its political influence in the fourth century BC. The last time Flamininus' great grandfather was recorded as holding aCurule office was in 271. During the third quarter of the third century, his grandfather was flamen Dialis, the great priest of Jupiter. Descendants of Flamininus derive their name from this prestigious priesthood. The head covering of the Flamen was put on a denarius by Flamininus' great grandson.The father of Flamininus is not known. He had two sons, one of which was the elder, <mask>lamininus. At the end of the third century, the Quinctii regained a good status among the political class, as shown by Flamininus' uncle Caeso who built the Temple of Concord in 217, his younger brother that became augur in 213, and his distant cousin. One of the most prominent gentes of the Republic was the Quinctii. The early Fabii owe them the rare Caeso through marriages. Polybius says that Flamininus was married to a Fabia and that his nephew was her nephew. Marcus Fabius Buteo, the Princeps Senatus between 216 and 210, was succeeded by another Fabius, the famous Cunctator.Flamininus' early career was odd, as he skipped several steps of the honorum. The most famous example of an unusual career was created by the Second Punic War in Italy. It started as a junior military position. Marcus Claudius Marcellus commanded the operations against Hannibal in Southern Italy. There was an ambush near Crotone in the year 207. Historians think that Flamininus became quaestor in 206. He was sent to Tarentum to be second in command of the Roman garrison.Rome kept a strong military presence in this Greek city because it had previously defected to Hannibal. Flamininus was given the command since he was already on-site when his uncle died. The fact that experienced commanders were used abroad at the end of the Second Punic War explains the achievement of becoming propraetor before 25. Livy might have stayed there until the end of the war in 202 if he hadn't been prorogued in 204. Flamininus had a good relationship with the Greeks. He became familiar with the culture and language of Greece. The last member of a ten-men commission tasked with settling veterans ofScipio Africanus in Southern Italy was named Flamininus, perhaps because he knew the area after his command at Tarentum.Flamininus was appointed to another commission of three men to enroll settlers in Venusia. It is the only time in Roman history that a man is a member of two different commissions at the same time. <mask> was 30 years old when he ran for the consulship in Greece. His bid for election broke the tradition because the honorum hadn't yet been organised. He was younger than Scipio Africanus, who was elected consul in 205 at 31, and had impressive military records. <mask> came from a small family and had no notable achievement during the war against Hannibal. Marcus Fulvius and Manius Curius vetoed his candidacy because he was too young and didn't have aCurule office.The Senate forced them to remove their veto and allow <mask> to present himself in the elections. Modern historians assumed that Flamininus was supported by politicians. Friedrich Mnzer was thought to be a member of the political group led by the Fabii. The Fabii were in decline after the death of Buteo. The Centuriate Assembly elected <mask> in second place, after Aelius, because he was elected consul together with Sextus Aelius Paetus Catus. The land distributions made him popular among the settlers, who voted for him in return. The other consul was elected thanks to his aedileship the previous year, during which he imported a lot of grain from Africa.The two consuls couldn't agree on the allocation of the provinces. The main prize was the conduct of the Second Macedonian War against Philip V of Macedon. Several scholars thought that the lottery was rigged in favor of Flamininus, but it appears that he was just lucky. According to Livy, he was chosen to replace Publius Sulpicius Galba who was the general during the Second Macedonian War. After defeating Philip V of Macedon at the Battle of the Aous, he attempted to establish peace with the Macedonian king. Flamininus was given the authority to continue the war rather than finish the negotiations. The Macedonian phalanx was rendered obsolete when he defeated Philip at the Battle of Cynoscephalae in Thessaly.Philip was forced to surrender, give up all the Greek cities he had conquered, and pay Rome 1,000 talents, but his kingdom was left intact to serve as a buffer state between Greece and Illyria. The Achaean League, Rome's allies in Greece, wanted Macedon to be dismantled completely. He occupied Anticyra in Phocis in 198 BC and made his naval yard and main port there. From his seat in Elateia, Flamininus directed the political affairs of the Greek states. The freedom of the Greek states was proclaimed by Flamininus at the Isthmian Games. The Greeks hailed him as their liberator because he was a great fan of Greek culture and they made coins with his portrait on them. It seems more likely that Flamininus understood freedom as liberty for the aristocracy of Greece, who would then become clients of Rome, as opposed to being subjected to Macedonian hegemony, according to Livy.With his Greek allies, <mask> plundered Sparta, before returning to Rome in triumph along with thousands of freed slaves, who were taken captive in Italy and sold in Greece during the Second Punic War. Eumenes II of Pergamum appealed to Rome for help against the Seleucid king. Flamininus warned him not to interfere with the Greek states after he was sent to negotiate with him. The Romans were promised to leave Greece alone if Flamininus spoke for the Greeks. Rome was at war with Antiochus after the negotiations came to nothing. At the Battle of Thermopylae, <mask> was present. He was elected censor along with Marcus Claudius Marcellus in 189 BC.He was sent to negotiate with Prusias I of Bithynia in an attempt to capture Hannibal, who had been exiled from Carthage, but he committed suicide to avoid being taken prisoner. Flamininus was reproached by many senators for causing the death of an enemy who had become harmless. Flamininus is thought to have died around 174. There are external links to Plutarch's parallel lives. Bill Thayer's website has a Livy's History of Rome Bibliography. Canon Roberts is on a website. Parallel lives.William Roger Paton wrote an English translation of Polybius. "The Family and Early Career of T. Quinctius Flamininus" is a modern source. 61 was published in 1971 102–111. T. Robert S. Broughton is a member of the American Philological Association. Michael Crawford is the author of Roman Republican coinage. The original publication of Friedrich Mnzer, Roman Aristocratic Parties and Families was in 1920.The rmischen Griechenlandpolitik, Gttingen, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2005, was written by Rene Pfeilschifter. Fasti Sacerdotum: A Prosopography of Pagan, Jewish, and Christian Religious Officials in the City of Rome was published in 2008. The Rank and Participation in the Republican Senate was written by Francis X. Ryan. There were 174 deaths in the 2nd century BC and 220s BC.

masks:
Titus F
Flamininus
Flamininus
Flamininus
Flamininus
Flamininus
Flamininus


title: John Alexander Fuller Maitland

texts: He was an influential British music critic and scholar from the 1880s to the 1920s. The rediscovery of English music of the 16th and 17th centuries was encouraged by him. The idea of an English Musical Renaissance in the second half of the 19th century was propounded by him. After he failed to acknowledge the talents of the English composers Arthur Sullivan, Edward Elgar and Frederick Delius, it was shown that he had lied in his critique of Sullivan. He was not aware of the worth of contemporary composers from mainland Europe. The son of <mask> and his wife was born at 90 Gloucester Place, Portman Square, London. For most of his childhood, he was educated privately, including musical instruction.He was active in the Cambridge University Musical Society while he was at Trinity College. Charlotte was his sister and he became friends with both William and Charles. He decided to pursue a career in music instead of following a career in the Church of England. He was encouraged to explore early polyphonic music by W. S. Rockstro, who encouraged him to study the piano. As a critic for the Pall Mall Gazette from 1882 to 1884, he became a musical journalist, later working for The Guardian and The Times. He was the editor of the second edition of the Dictionary of Music and Musicians. A later editor of the Dictionary wrote of him, "In particular, he added an important and substantial series of articles on medieval liturgical subjects."More than a hundred of his articles are available in the online version of the book. The revival of the virginals was pioneered by the Fitzwilliam Virginal Book. He was a member of the editorial committee of the society. He was on the original committee of the Folk Song Society and edited the collection English County Songs. He socialized with Mary Augusta. According to an obituary notice in The Times, there was a time when music lovers admired both Richard Wagner and Johannes Brahms, but not both. He was the leader of the doctrine that English music had been moribund until the second half of the 19th century, when it experienced a renaissance led by his favored composers.The book English Music in the XIXth Century is divided into two parts. The phrase "English music" was used to include the Irish Stanford, who was thought to be leading the "English musical renaissance". Both of them were professors at music colleges and both were Oxbridge graduates. One of the things that Meirion Hughes says about the world of <mask> is that he is an outsider. British composers did not conform to his template. Sullivan was removed from the equation at once when he ventured into what was seen as the questionable realm of operetta. "Fritz" Delius was simply not English enough and was never a contender, with his unacademic, lower-middle-class background coupled with progressive tendencies.The writer suggests that the reason for the dislike of Sir Frederic Cowen was due to anti-Semitism. The integrity of a critic came under scrutiny. This foul, unforgettable episode was caused by the denigrating obituary of Sullivan published in the Cornhill Magazine. It was shown that Sullivan was condemned for setting such inanity because he had lied about the facts, inventing a banal lyric and passing it off as genuine. After retiring to Borwick Hall near Carnforth in Lancashire, <mask> gave up journalism. He continued to write books after he admitted that he had been wrong in dismissing Sullivan's comic operas as "ephemeral". His dislike of modern music waned in his later years, and he recognised the importance of composers such as Claude Debussy.He received an honor from Durham University. The wife of a man died in 1931. There were no children in the marriage. He died at Borwick Hall. His fortune was assessed at about 2 million dollars. The Life of Robert Schumann was published in 1884 and the Dictionary of Music & Musicians was published in 1889. The English County Songs were published in 1893.The Fitzwilliam Virginal Book was written by Lucy E. Broadwood. The Musician's Pilgrimage was published in 1899 and English Music in the XIXth Century was published in 1901. External links 1856 births 1936 deaths Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge Classical music critics.

masks:
John
Fuller Maitland
Fuller Maitland


title: Joe D'Amato

texts: <mask>'Amato was an Italian film director, producer, cinematographer, and screenwriter who worked in many genres. In the 1950s, D'Amato worked as an electric and set photographer, in the 1960s as a camera operator, and in 1969 as a cinematographer. He directed and co- directed around 200 films under a number of different names. D'Amato produced many of his own and other directors' genre films through the companies he founded or co-founded, the best known being Filmirage. From 1979 to 1982 and from 1993 to 1999 D'Amato produced and directed about 120 adult films. His best known erotic films include Black Emanuelle, which starred Laura Gemser, and Erotic Nights of the Living Dead, which was shot in Santo Domingo. In the horror genre, he is remembered for his films Beyond the Darkness and Antropophagus, which gained cult status, as well as Absurd (1981).<mask>'Amato was born in Rome, Italy, on December 15, 1936. After an incident on a ship had been declared a war invalid, his father started work at the Istituto Luce in Rome as an electrician, fixing power generators left by the United States army at Cinecitt, and then as a chief photographic technician. At the age of 14, D'Amato joined his father at work with his brothers Carlo and Fernando. D'Amato took on the task of delivering the movie cameras his father sold. D'Amato cut the letters out of the title and end credits of the Italian film productions. D'Amato was a still photographer on the set of The Golden Coach. D'Amato worked as a camera operator on Mario Bava's Hercules in the Haunted World in the 1960s.Piero Livi's Pelle di bandito and No Man's Island were D'Amato's first films as a director and cinematographer. D'Amato worked on Italian films such as A Quiet Place to Kill and What Have You Done to Solange? There are some low-budget Spaghetti Westerns. D'Amato was the first director. He had a number of small western films. More Sexy Canterbury Tales and Novelle licenziose di vergini vogliose, which he partly directed and co-directed, was a gothic horror film. D'Amato's films include The Devil's Wedding Night, Steve Carver's The Arena, The Killer Is on the Phone, and Counselor at Crime.When D'Amato was in Canada, Ermanno Donati asked him to stay and direct the adventure film Red Coats, in which he used the name "<mask>." D'Amato thought it was his best film in this period. Emanuelle's Revenge was D'Amato's first film with Laura Gemser and the Black Emanuelle series. It was D'Amato's first pornographic film and it was a turning point in his career. In his next film, Voto di castit, D'Amato met Laura Gemser, who would star in many of his films and in the 1980s and early 1990s would also work as costume designer. D'Amato wanted to use her as a star in his next film, but she only played the small part of a French maid in the first film. The erotic drama Eva nera was directed by D'Amato and starred Gemser as a topless snake dancer.The film was shot in Hong Kong and at the Elios Studios in Rome. The following five films of the Black Emanuelle series were shot by Gemser, who had previously starred in Bitto Albertini's Black Emanuelle. Albertini had to find a new actress for Black Emanuelle 2 (1976), a sequel only in name. The main character's name in the Black Emanuelle series was spelled differently in order to avoid a plagiarism lawsuit. Black Emanuelle is an international reporter and photographer who travels to exotic locations. There are gore scenes in Emanuelle and the Last Cannibals, a gang rape scene in Emanuelle Around the World, and a fake snuff film in Emanuelle in America. This was a good time in D'Amato's life.Movie business was good. We traveled around the world to find new locations for our movies. The Dominican Republic was where 9 of the 12 films D'Amato directed in 1978 and 1979 were shot. He said in a 1982 interview that once the trip was paid for, the costs were low and the setting suggestive. The erotic horror film Papaya, Love Goddess of the Cannibals was written and directed by D'Amato. The film Tough to Kill was shot there in September. In October 1978 D'Amato started shooting the nunsploitation film Images in a Convent, and in early 1979 he directed the violent erotic thriller Il porno shop della settima strada.D'Amato went to South Tyrol in the summer of 1979 to shoot and direct a remake of The Third Eye with music by Ermanno Donati. D'Amato went back to Santo Domingo to film the Italian version of The Blue Lagoon starring Anna Bergman and Lucia Ramirez, as well as the Orgasmo nero (Sex and Black Magic) starring Susan Scott and Richard Harrison. D'Amato had shot with Laura Gemser in Hong Kong and used material from Eva nera. Eva nera had done poorly at the box office in Italy, so she was still relatively unknown. The last film D'Amato shot in the Caribbean at the end of 1979 was The Sesso nero, written by George Eastman, and the first film D'Amato produced on his own. Produzioni Cinematografiche Massaccesi is a film. The earliest theatrical release of the Caribbean group of films was in 1980.D'Amato co-founded Filmirage and used the companies to produce and direct the gore film Antropophagus, which was produced through P.C.M. The film Absurd, which starred George Eastman, became a cult film for fans of extreme cinema. D'Amato founded two more production companies, "Cinema 80" and "M.A.D." On 15 January 1980 and 9 January 1981 an acronym was used. M.A.D. was funded by an engineer and his son acted as producer. Donatella Donati, the daughter of Ermanno Donati, became D'Amato's assistant and constant collaborators. The main vehicles for D'Amato's film production were the two companies.Cinema 80 and M.A.D. produced 14 hardcore pornographic films. Blue erotic climax, Labbra vogliose and Le porno investigatrici were all directed by Claudio Bernabei. Alexander Borsky, Bernabei's pseudonym, was used for almost all of Bernabei's directorial credits, although the films were for the most part directed by D'Amato, who was only given credit in the non-committal phrase "a <mask>'Amato". Since the state only charged the executive manager of the company and the director, they were the same person, only one charge was brought forth. The first film D'Amato produced for another director was called Porno video, which was directed entirely by Giuliana Gamba. The only film of this period that was directed but not produced by D'Amato was a "Promo Film" production of Giovanni Per. Cinema 80 or M.A.D. is the average.The film cost 55 million lire, was shot in 10 days, edited over a period of two months, and had a generic title such as Voglia di sesso (literally: Lust for Sex). Cinema 80 produced a group of films. Tinto Brass's Caligula was shot and directed by D'Amato. The Untold Story is a hardcore and softcore version, starring David Brandon, Laura Gemser and Gabriele Tinti. It recounted the final days of the Roman Emperor Caligula and was followed by two pornographic films that used sets and costumes from the first film. In December 1982, May 1983 and July 1983 the three films were released under different names and were signed by D'Amato. He has called them his "porno-peplum trilogy".The last film of this period was Messalina orgasmo imperiale. Another hardcore film that D'Amato intended to shoot himself for producer Riccardo Billy in co-production with a Chinese company, Love in Hong Kong, ended up being entirely delegated to his assistant Bernabei for lack of time. It only survives in a truncated version. D'Amato took over the company from Ermanno Donati. From 1987 onwards, D'Amato used the company to produce his own and other directors' films for the international market. In 1982, D'Amato used Filmirage to produce, shoot and direct the first film of the Ator series: Ator l'invincibile (Ator, the Fighting Eagle). It was followed by Ator 2 - L'invincibile Orion (English titles: The Blade Master and Cave Dwellers), in which O'Keefe was with Lisa Foster.In 1983 and 1984 D'Amato produced and directed two films, one starring Al Cliver and the other starring Laura Gemser and Gordon Mitchell. The films followed the success of Mad Max. D'Amato's company M.A.D. was briefly reactivated in 1984. Luca Damiano directed 10 hardcore pornographic films, all of which starred Marina Hedman. D'Amato is reported to have collaborated on some of these, although it's not clear which ones he collaborated on. After leaving hardcore pornography behind, D'Amato shot softcore and horror films for eight years. Hardcore had only been profitable for the first four years in the late 1970s and early 1980s, according to an interview D'Amato gave in 1990.D'Amato began this hardcore-free period by directing four softcore dramas that starred Laura Gemser and Lilli Carati. Tinto Brass's La chiave (The Key) is the style and themes of the four films, but their plots and characters are not connected in any way. Warrior Queen was shot in 1985 at the Elios Studios near Rome and was co-produced by D'Amato and Harry Alan Towers. It was a sword-and-sandal film and was directed by ChuckVincent. In an interview, Larry Revene remembered that he worked on the sync sound for this film instead, because "Aristide shot it." He was also a cameraman. In the United States, the film had a brief theatrical run in a cut R rated version before being released in a longer version on video.There was a time when D'Amato directed softcore films mostly in the United States. He went to New Orleans to shoot two films, one of which starred Jessica Moore. The film was a commercial success because it reversed the roles with the woman being the dissolute character. In 1989, D'Amato produced and directed Afternoon and Dirty Love, which was similar to Adrian Lyne's film, flashdance. D'Amato produced and directed two erotic dramas with Tara Buckman. D'Amato used Filmirage to produce other directors' films, including the debut of D'Amato's son Daniele Massaccesi as assistant cameraman. Killing Birds and Deep Blood were both partially directed by D'Amato.The Son of Ator was featured in the final entry of D'Amato's Ator series. He brought back the character of Sarah Asproon in 11 days, 11 nights 2, which was set in New Orleans. D'Amato also directedPassion's Flower, a remake of The Postman Always Rings Twice, and Devil in the Flesh, both of which starred Carmen di Pietro. D'Amato's last horror film was Frankenstein 2000 (1992), which combined a modern take on the traditional Frankenstein story with elements of the rape and revenge film. In

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texts: 1993, inspired by the success of the Chinese erotic comedy Sex and Zen, D'Amato went to the Philippines to shoot a number of Asian themed softcore films. Chinese Kamasutra, China and Sex, and I racconti della camera rossa are examples of diverse films. D'Amato went back to mostly producing and directing hardcore pornography in 1993.In order to return to adult filmmaking more easily, D'Amato initially collaborated with Luca Damiano, with whom he shot roughly 20 films before continuing on his own. Although video had become the standard for adult films, D'Amato continued to shoot on 35mm film for a few years before finally transitioning to video for his last productions in 1997 and 1998 The crew on an early 35mm shoot such as Juliet & Romeo had been much larger, including lighting staff, camera assistants, make-up artists, and set decorators. D'Amato's films from this late hardcore period include his collaborations with Kelly Trump and Rocco Siffredi. Selen and va Henger were recurring actresses in his films from 1996 to 1999 as well as in Experiences and Experiences 2, a trilogy on the capital. D'Amato stated in a 1997 interview that one had used to include more plot, but now the only thing they wanted was porn, and that was very hard. Between 1994 and 1999 D'Amato made four attempts at returning to genre films.In 1995 he directed the erotic drama Provocation, which was set in the Italian countryside of the 1930s, and in 1997 he directed the erotic comedy Top Girl, which was set in and around an American TV station. The swashbuckler I predatori della Antille was directed by D'Amato in 1998. On January 23, 1999, <mask>'Amato died of a heart attack in a comune in the Metropolitan City of Rome Capital. His death happened while he was working on a new film. Showgirl was a take on Paul Verhoeven's Showgirls. D'Amato used his birthname Aristide Massaccesi only once for a directorial credit, and that was for Death Smiles on a Murderer. It was frequently used for other credits.For his first job as a camera operator, it was the only name he was credited with, and he credited himself or himself often until the early 1980s. An actor's credits in the Spaghetti Westerns Straniero were the first pseudonyms used by Aristide Massaccesi. He used puns on his birthname when he wrote Dead Men Don't Make Shadows. The anglicized <mask>'Amato is his best known name. In 1991, D'Amato stated that he had discovered the name in a calendar and decided to use it because it sounded promising. The name <mask>'Amato was associated with more than his birth name. D'Amato's main pseudonym was 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 was 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465D'Amato used a number of different spellings, including the short form Fred and several other mis- or variant spellings, for his work as a cinematographer. D'Amato is sometimes thought to belong to the pseudonyms Federico Slonisco Jr. and Dan Slonisko. D'Amato's son Daniele began his career working for his father. Novelle licenziose di vergini vogliose and Diario di una vergine romana were both directed by D'Amato. D'Amato used David Hills as a director on several films. David Hills was also the director of an early announcement of Deep Blood (1989). D'Amato was a producer on Interzone.Robert Hall and O.J. were used for the last two films of D'Amato's "porno-peplum trilogy". There were two directors, one as director and one as director. Gilbert Damiano is an allusion to Gerard Damiano. D'Amato used the name PeterNewton for his directorial credit on Absurd (1981). Richard Haller was used for his credits as a co-producer. D'Amato co-directed the film with George Eastman so it can be considered a pseudonym for both of them. D'Amato used the name Dario Donati as a director and editor.The female name Joan Russell was used for D'Amato's directorial credit. It was not used for D'Amato, but for Donatella Donati and Antonio Tentori as story and screenwriting credit, which D'Amato produced and directed. There were a number of new pseudo-oriental pseudonyms used by D'Amato. Robert Yip was the director and Boy Tan Bien was the cinematographer for I racconti della camera rossa. He signed with the names Chang Lee Sun, Fu Shen, and Hsu Hsien for Chinese kamasutra. He used <mask>'Amato and Federico Slonsiko for the directorial and cinematographic credits of his scenario. An allonym is a name given to a different person than the one who should be credited.More Sexy Canterbury Tales and Fra' Tazio da Velletri were both directed by D'Amato while Scandariato was his assistant. Oscar Santaniello used the name Oskar Faradine for the directorial credit on A Bounty Killer in Trinity. The film was directed by D'Amato and produced by Santaniello. Lupi argues in his monograph that Santaniello is actually the actual director. Anna Bergman's name was used in the film. D'Amato directed the film while Bergman was the main actress. Her name was used for the directorial credit because the producer did not want it to be seen as an erotic film.The name of the man was Alexander or Borski. Bernabei stated in an interview that he created it with the name of Walerian Borowczyk in mind. Fourteen of the 15 films produced by D'Amato's companies were directed by the Borsky pseudonym. Cinema 80 ran from 1980 to 1982. Bernabei directed 3 and D'Amato 11. While transitioning from softcore to hardcore, D'Amato briefly reactivated this name as directorial credit for a small number of adult films starring Luana Borgia. He told an interviewer in 1995 that it was to camouflage his return.Luciano Fardelli, who acted as administrator of D'Amato's production company M.A.D., was in reality Lucky Faar (or Farr) Delly, who was wrongly listed as a pseudonym of <mask>'Amato. In 1984 and 1985. D'Amato acted as co-director in at least one of the films that it was used as directorial credit for. The directorial credit on Deep Blood (1989) was given to Raf Donato, a variant of Raffaele Donato's name. The first scene of the film was directed by Donato, according to D'Amato. The rest of the film was directed by D'Amato. According to the actresses who worked with him, D'Amato was friendly and supportive, with a sense of irony.Laura Gemser, with whom he worked for a long time, and Monica Zanchi pointed out his adventurous and playful approach to filmmaking. When D'Amato was angered, he would shout and curse and become insufferable, but he rarely got angry. She said that D'Amato fell asleep easily even in the breaks between rehearsals. Donatella Donati, his regular assistant since the mid-1970s, once found him asleep on the office floor because of his penchant for sleeping. In 1995, <mask>'Amato was a special guest at the London film festival "Eurofest" which took place at the Everyman Cinema, Hampstead, where he gave an onstage interview to Mark Ashworth in between screenings of Stage Fright, Emanuelle and the Last Cannibals. The interview can be found on the DVD release of Emanuelle. The Cinémathque Franaise in Paris screened a D'Amato double feature from newly acquired theatrical prints under the title Le sang et la chair.The first Joe D'Amato Horror Festival was held in April of 2007. It took place in Livorno again in October and November of last year. The son of D'Amato said that D'Amato wanted to pass on his passion for cinema to the younger generation of filmmakers. The "Hofbauer Kongress", which takes place at least once every year since 2010 at the Komm Kino in Nuremberg, Germany, has repeatedly screened D'Amato's films mostly from 35mm prints, with the 15th and 16th edition of the festival being especially devoted to The Filmarchiv Austria held a "Tribute to <mask>'Amato" at the Metro Kinokulturhaus in Vienna in which 10 films he directed were shown from original 35mm prints. A remake of D'Amato's Anthropophagous 2000 was shot in 1999. The Italian film Hyde's Secret Nightmare is dedicated to D'Amato.Both D'Amato and Diego Spataro stated that D'Amato directed the film. The director of Troll 2 was named "Drake Floyd". In his book on Italian horror directors, Louis Paul states that D'Amato ended up finishing Troll 2 and Troll 3 as director in an attempt to save the productions that even he deemed poorly filmed and unreleasable. Lupi states that D'Amato directed a part of it. Paul was the only source for D'Amato's directorial involvement. The main director of the film was "Martin Newlin". The credit of the director varies.It is credited to "Andrea Massai" in Italian prints and "<mask>'Amato" abroad. Oscar Santaniello is the director of Bounty Killer in Trinity according to the credits. The film was directed by D'Amato, but he let the production manager take the credit. The film was directed by Massaccesi but signed by Santaniello, one of several unsigned directing jobs he took on before his official first feature. Lupi believes that Santaniello was actually the director and that D'Amato was only involved as a writer. The English film credits "Ralph Zucker" as the director, but the directorial credit went to the assistant director, "Romano Gastaldi". According to an interview given to the Italian magazine, D'Amato directed about one third of Fra' Tazio da Velletri before leaving production due to differences.Bruno Mattei was credited as the director of Mondo Erotico. D'Amato was uncredited for directing the scenes with Laura Gemser. Both Biribicchi and D'Amato claimed to have acted as cinematographers. The films were all produced by D'Amato through his M.A.D. Luca Damiano directed all of the production companies. The extent to which D'Amato contributed to the series remains unclear. In Sesso allo specchio, film critic R. D'Amato observes the use of hand-held camera, which is otherwise not present in the Faar Delly series, as a sign of his possible involvement.According to some sources, Massaccesi is the writer of La chiave del piacere. List of adult films directed by D'Amato on IAFD 1936 births

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