title: Ladislaus I of Hungary

texts: <mask>, also known as Saint Ladislas, was King of Hungary from 1077. King <mask> of Hungary had two sons. In exchange for receiving their father's former duchy, <mask> and Géza acknowledged their cousin Solomon as the lawful king. They cooperated with Solomon. <mask>'s most popular legend, which narrates his fight with a "Cuman" who abducts a Hungarian girl, is connected to this period. Solomon's relationship with the brothers deteriorated in the early 1070s. Solomon kept control of the western regions of his kingdom despite Géza being proclaimed king in 1074.<mask> was Géza's most influential adviser. Ladislaus king was made by Géza's supporters in 1077. King <mask> of Germany helped Solomon resist Ladislaus. During the Investiture Controversy, <mask> supported <mask>'s opponents. Solomon abdicated and acknowledged Ladislaus's reign, but he tried to regain the crown and was imprisoned. The first Hungarian saints were canonized by Ladislaus in 1055. He freed Solomon during the ceremony.The restoration of public safety was the main focus of Ladislaus. He introduced legislation that punishes those who violate property rights. The beginning of an expansion period for the Kingdom of Hungary was marked by his occupation of almost all Croatia. Ladislaus's victories over the Pechenegs and Cumans ensured the security of his kingdom's eastern borders for about 150 years. The relationship between the Holy See and Ladislaus deteriorated as the popes claimed that Croatia was their fief. Pope Celestine <mask> canonized Ladislaus on June 27th. He is said to be the incarnation of the late-medieval Hungarian ideal of chivalry.There are many churches dedicated to him in Hungary and other countries. <mask> was the second son of the future King Béla <mask> of Hungary and his wife, Richeza, who was a daughter of King Mieszko II Lambert of Poland. After being exiled from Hungary, Béla settled in Poland, where <mask> and Géza were born. <mask> was born in the 10th century. According to his Legend, <mask>'s physical and spiritual makeup testified to God's gracious will even at his birth. "<mask> was raised from childhood in Poland and almost became a Pole in his ways and life", wrote Gallus Anonymus. "<mask>" is derived from "Vladislav".Around 1047, Béla and his family returned to Hungary. One-third of the kingdom was given to Béla by his brother, King <mask> of Hungary. Solomon, Andrew's son, was anointed king with the consent of Duke Bela and his sons Geysa and Ladislaus in 1057 or 1058 according to the Illuminated Chronicle. Andrew's heir, Béla, left for Poland in 1059 with his sons. They began a rebellion against Andrew after returning with Polish reinforcements. After defeating Andrew, Béla was crowned king. Solomon took refuge in the Holy Roman Empire after leaving the country.German troops entered Hungary in order to restore Solomon after Béla I died. Solomon was once again crowned king in Székesfehérvr after <mask> and his brothers went back to Poland. The Germans left Hungary and the three brothers came back. The brothers signed a treaty with Solomon in order to avoid a civil war. The dukes of Hungary, <mask> and Géza, probably divided the administration of their duchy. Between 1064 and 1051, Géza and Ladislaus cooperated with King Solomon. The fight between a "Cuman" warrior and a Christian maiden was the most popular story in Ladislaus's later legends.The relationship between the king and his cousins became tense in the early 1070s. If Solomon harmed Géza, <mask> stayed behind with half of the ducal troops to "avenge his brother with a strong hand". The king and dukes realized that there would be another civil war. <mask> returned without reinforcements after visiting the Kievan Rus'. He persuaded Duke Otto I of Olomouc to go with him back to Hungary. By the time they returned to Hungary, the royal army had already invaded the duchy and routed Géza's troops. After meeting his brother at Vc, <mask> decided to continue the fight against Solomon.<mask> is said to have seen an angel place a crown on Géza's head before the battle. The dukes' triumph over the king was predicted by an "ermine of purest white" jumping from a bush to <mask>'s lance. The Battle of Mogyord took place in March of 1094. The troops from Byhor were commanded by <mask>. Solomon fled to the western borders of the kingdom to seek help from his brother-in-law <mask> of Germany. Solomon established himself in Moson and Pressburg after being proclaimed king. All of their father's former duchy was administered by <mask>.He was able to repel Solomon's attack on the present-day Nitra, Slovakia, in August or September 1074. His brother's main advisor was <mask>. After <mask> explained the significance of the appearance of a red deer at the place where the church would be erected, Géza decided to build a church dedicated to the Holy Virgin in Vc. Since Coloman and lmos were minor, his supporters proclaimed Ladislaus king. King Boleslaus II of Poland "drove out Solomon from Hungary with his forces, and placed Ladislaus on the throne" according to Gallus Anonymus. Although the Illuminated Chronicle emphasizes that Ladislaus "never placed the crown on his head, for he desired a heavenly crown rather than the earthly crown of a mortal king", all his coins depict him wearing a crown. Ladislaus promulgated two law books, which incorporated the decisions of an assembly of the "magnates of the kingdom".During the first years of his reign, Ladislaus focused on internal consolidation and security, and the majority of these laws were designed to defend private property. Criminals who committed minor offenses against property rights were blinded or sold as slaves, and those who were caught stealing were to be executed. The issuing of judicial summons and the royal monopoly on salt trade were regulated by his other laws. According to the Illuminated Chronicle, <mask> planned to restore the kingdom to Solomon and himself have the dukedom. Pope Gregory was the primary opponent of Solomon's ally, <mask> of Germany. The Pope asked Ladislaus to shelter nobles who had rebelled against Henry. The German princes elected to take the place of Henry IV in 1078 or 1079.The German monarch forced Leopold to surrender after he rebelled against Henry IV. The fortress of Moson was captured by Ladislaus in early 1079. Solomon's position was secured by <mask>, who conquered the western regions of Hungary. The German invasion prevented Ladislaus from helping Boleslaus, who fled to Hungary after being kicked out of Poland. Solomon abdicated in 1086 in exchange for "revenues sufficient to bear the expenses of a king", according to Ladislaus. Ladislaus imprisoned Solomon after Solomon began conspiring against him. The first king of Hungary, <mask>, and his son, Emeric, were canonized during <mask>'s reign.<mask>'s magnanimity is demonstrated by the fact that his grandfather was blinded by Stephen's orders in the 1030s. <mask>'s "commitment to preserving and strengthening" the Christian state was demonstrated in the canonization ceremony held in August 1083, according to historian Lszl Kontler. The "Holy Dexter", Abbeyto Stephen's right arm, was dedicated by <mask>. Legend has it that Stephen's grave could not be opened until Solomon was released. Solomon tried to regain his crown after his release. He persuaded Kutesk to invade Hungary. The invaders were defeated at the upper courses of the Tisza River.The princes who opposed Henry IV's rule held a conference in Speyer. According to the Bernold of St Blasien, <mask> promised to assist them with 20,000 knights if necessary. <mask>, who had been elected pope at <mask>'s initiative, was not recognized as the legitimate pope by <mask>. After Solomon's death, Ladislaus stopped supporting <mask>'s opponents. <mask>'s sister was King Zvonimir of Croatia's wife, Helen. There was a conflict after the death of Zvonimir and his successor, Stephen II. <mask> invaded Croatia at Helen's request.He wrote to Oderizius about his invasion. <mask> "occupied the entire land from the River Drava to the mountains called the Iron Alps without facing opposition" according to Thomas the Archdeacon's chronicle. Petar Svai was crowned king by his opponents. Svai fought in the Gvozd Mountains. lmos was appointed by <mask> to administer the occupied territory. Ladislaus established a separate diocese in Slavonia with its see in Zagreb. The suffragan was the bishop of the new see.In his letter to Oderizius, <mask> admitted that he could not promote the cause of earthly dignities without committing grave sins. Blint Hman says that <mask> was referring to a conflict with Pope Urban II, who objected to Ladislaus's refusal to acknowledge the Holy See's suzerainty over Croatia. Ladislaus claimed to be the "king of the Hungarians and of Messia" in the letter. The title implied that Ladislaus had taken the regions between the Great Morava and Drina rivers from the Byzantine Empire. If Ladislaus occupied the region, he lost it quickly, according to no other documents. "Messia" should be associated with Bosnia, which was occupied during Ladislaus's campaign against Croatia, says Alexandru Madgearu. The Cumans invaded the eastern part of the kingdom.The territory between the Danube and Tisza rivers was invaded by the Cumans. King <mask> defeated the Cumans after they tried to leave Hungary. The majority of Cuman survivors accepted the Christianity offered by <mask>, so the king settled them in Jszsg. The Cumans threatened King <mask> with revenge and demanded to free the Cuman prisoners after hearing of the losing battle. The next invasion was prevented by King <mask> marching to the Hungarian border. King <mask> of Hungary killed kos, the Cuman chieftain, after the two armies clashed. Makk claims that the Byzantines persuaded them to attack Hungary, while the Illuminated Chronicle states that the Cumans were incited by the "Ruthenians".Ladislaus invaded the Rus' principalities, forcing them to ask for mercy and promise that they would be faithful to him in all things. <mask>'s military action is documented in No Rus' chronicle. The king of the Hungarians had arranged a conference with Emperor <mask>, but Duke Welf of Bavaria prevented it. Henry refers to the alliance he once entered with <mask> in a letter. Pope Urban II implied that Ladislaus had changed sides and acknowledged the legitimacy of Antipope Clement III. The Benedictine Somogyvr Abbey deed shows that Ladislaus opposed the Church's independence. The assembly of the Hungarian prelates was presided over by Ladislaus.Canon law states that members of the clergy may not marry at all, but the synod recognized the legitimacy of a clergyman's first marriage. During <mask>'s reign, the see of the dioceses of Kalocsa and Bihar were moved to Bcs and Nagyvrad. The duke's illegitimate son, Zbigniew, was involved in a conflict with Wadysaw <mask>, the Duke of Poland. He captured Herman's younger son, Boleslaus, in Poland. Wadysaw I Herman declared Zbigniew his legitimate son after <mask> demanded it. The credibility of the report that the Hungarian troops captured Cracow during <mask>'s campaign has been questioned. The brother of the King of the Franks, Willermus, visited <mask> in Bodrog, according to the Illuminated Chronicle.<mask> is said to have decided to die in Jerusalem for Christ. According to historian Gbor Klaniczay, the whole story was invented by King Béla <mask> of Hungary, who was planning to lead a crusade to the Holy Land in the 1190s. <mask> wanted to help his sister's sons, Svatopluk and Otto. He was seriously ill before he reached Moravia. <mask>, who had no sons, told his chief men that his brother's younger son, lmos, should take over. <mask> died near the Hungarian-Bohemian border. In 1106, a papal bull states that <mask>'s "venerable body rests" in Somogyvr Abbey.<mask>'s "Legend" states that his attendants buried him in Székesfehérvr, but the cart carrying his body "set out to Vrad on its own, unassisted by any draft animal". According to a family historian, <mask> had a first wife, but her name and family are not known. The name of the daughter she gave birth to is unknown. The daughter of <mask> married a prince. <mask> married again in 1078 to a daughter of the German anti-king. Piroska was the wife of the Byzantine Emperor <mask> Komnenos. The following family tree shows <mask>'s family and relatives who were mentioned in the article.According to a scholarly theory, Ladislaus had two wives. hagiographers and historians emphasize Ladislaus's role in the consolidation of the Christian monarchy. His idoneitas, or personal suitability, were stressed by the chronicles because of the questionable legitimacy of his rule. According to The Illuminated Chronicle, Ladislaus knew that the right of law between him and Solomon was not on his side. After Ladislaus's victories over the Pechenegs and Cumans, the nomadic peoples of the Pontic steppes stopped invading Hungary. The easternmost borderlands were settled by the Székely peoplea community of Hungarian-speaking warriors. Ladislaus's conquest of Croatia began the historic association of the Kingdom of Hungary and Croatia.Hungary developed into a leading Central European power during the following centuries as a result of his conquest. It was a tradition for a newly crowned Hungarian king to make a pilgrimage to Ladislaus's shrine. <mask> of Hungary made many attempts to expand his territory in the Balkans. Ladislaus was designed to personify the knight-king ideal of his age according to Veneration Gbor Klaniczay. Coloman the Learned said that <mask>'s character was distinguished by the respectability of morals and the splendor of his virtues. The Gesta Ladislai regis, which are the texts about <mask>'s life and reign, were written during Coloman's rule. Five significant events of <mask>'s life, which were not included in his official legend, were only preserved in the Gesta.<mask> fought a "Cuman" warrior after the Battle of Kerlés in 1068. The united armies of Solomon, Géza and <mask> defeated a group of Pechenegs who were plundering the eastern parts of the kingdom. According to the version recorded in the Illuminated Chronicle, <mask> spotted a pagan warrior fleeing from the battlefield with a captive Hungarian maiden. <mask> was unable to stop the "Cuman". <mask> was able to kill the "Cuman" after the maiden pulled the warrior off his horse. The elements of pagan myths, including a struggle between forces of light and darkness, can be found in murals depicting this legend in medieval churches. <mask>'s shrine in the cathedral of Vrad became a preferred location for trials during the reign of Stephen II of Hungary.It is not known if <mask> became subject to veneration after his death or if his cult emerged after he was canonized. The Byzantine court was where <mask>'s daughter was venerated as a saint. According to Thomas the Archdeacon, Pope <mask> stated that <mask> should be included in the catalog of saints, but his report is unreliable because he was the Pope at the time. The bulls and charters don't mention <mask>'s canonization, implying that he was canonized without the Holy See's approval. According to the Regestrum Varadinense, a bondsman named "Tekus, son of the craftsman Dénes" opened <mask>'s tomb at the beginning of the ceremony, after which he was granted freedom. The head and hand of <mask> were severed so that they could be used as relics. The reliquary containing <mask>'s head is on display in the cathedral.A number of miracles were attributed to <mask> in his official legend. During <mask>'s reign, a pestilence spread throughout the kingdom according to one of his legends. <mask> shot an arrow into the air and hit a herb which cured the illness. The plant became known as "Saint <mask>'s herb" in Hungary. <mask> is a saint in Hungary. The Székely people venerate him. <mask> is said to have appeared at the head of the Székely army in 1345 to destroy the Tatars.During times of pestilence, he is called upon. He is often depicted as a mature, bearded man with a long sword or banner. He is shown on his knees by a deer or in the company of two angels. The gallery has Szent Lszl Infantry Division Isten, Haznkért térdelnk, and New England (medieval) References Sources. In Robinson, there is a book about Germany. The University Press of Manchester. pp."Hartvic, Life of King Stephen of Hungary" is a translation. In Head, Thomas. An anthology of medieval Hagiography. There is a book called Routledge. pp. "The letters of Henry IV: Henry thanks Duke Almus for his support and promises him a reward" was published in 2000. In Imperial Lives & Letters of the Eleventh Century was translated by Theodor E. Mommsen and Karl F. Morrison.Columbia University Press. pp. 52– 100. The Deeds of the Princes of the Poles has been translated and annotated. The CEU Press. The Hungarian Illuminated Chronicle was published in 1970. The Laws of King Ladislas I was published by Taplinger Publishing.The Laws of the Medieval Kingdom of Hungary was translated and edited by Jnos M. Bak, James Ross Sweeney, and Andor Czizmadia. Charles Schlacks, Jr. is a publisher. pp. TheISBN may be incorrect in the book. The History of the Bishops of Salona and Split was edited, translated and annotated by Damir Karbi, Mirjana Matijevi Sokol and James Ross Sweeney. The CEU Press. <mask>, King of Hungary was depicted in a painting in the Museo della Consolazione in Altomonte, Italy.

masks:
Ladislaus I
Béla I
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Henry IV
Ladislaus
Henry IV
III
Ladislaus
I
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Andrew I
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Henry IV
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Henry IV
Henry IV
Stephen I
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Clement III
Henry IV
Ladislaus
Henry IV
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Henry IV
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
I Herman
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
III
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
John II
Ladislaus
Louis I
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Innocent III
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
Ladislaus
St Ladislaus


title: Mohammed Atif Siddique

type: paraphrased

texts: <mask> was sentenced to eight years' imprisonment after being found guilty of collecting terrorist-related information, setting up websites and circulating inflammatory terrorist publications. His defence has been that he was a curious 20-year-old who was still living with his parents who were looking for answers on the internet. On the 29th of January, 2010, one of his convictions was thrown out. He is a convicted terrorist. Peter Taylor reported in "Generation Jihad" that <mask> was linked to a man who was later imprisoned for Terrorist offenses. <mask>'s parents own a general store in Clackmannanshire which they believe should stop serving alcohol. He ran away from home once because of arguments with his parents.<mask> was a model student at Alva Academy and went on to study Computing Technician at Glasgow Metropolitan College. <mask> and his uncle <mask> were told that they wouldn't be allowed to fly when they went on a trip to his farm in the Punjab region. The laptop computer that <mask> was carrying was seized and the files were opened against police protocol. A photograph of Islamic protestors of the Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons was discovered and his cell phone was seized. He was said to be flying to meet Aabid Khan, a friend of one of the Toronto 18. <mask>, his older brother Asif, and their uncle Rafiq were arrested by police officers from the Special Branch and MI5 at 7am the following morning. The uncles were held at the Govan police station for thirteen days.<mask> was charged the next day with collecting information that would likely be useful to a terrorist. The day after <mask>'s charges were laid, Asif, a 25-year-old law student, was released after he was questioned about his feelings towards the September 11th attacks. During the four-week trial under judge Lord Carloway, <mask> was accused of having shown photographs of suicide bombers to students at Glasgow Metropolitan College, and Kyle Ramsey stated that <mask> had encouraged him to watch an online video of a beheading. He was accused of carrying on email correspondence with a suspected militant in court. Canadian authorities requested Britain monitor a suspected militant recruiter living in Northern England. The advocate depute was Brian McConnachie, who characterized the material stating "It's clear from that material that the whole idea was to glorify martyrdom operations..." The majority of files in the c:windowsoptions folder showed a clear intent to hide the analyst's interest.Nine hours of deliberations by the jury of nine women and six men resulted in a guilty verdict on September 27, 2007. <mask> apparently lacked in the skills, sophistication, lengthy credentials, and cold-blooded professionalism associated with actual terrorists and was described as "undoubtedly naive". His counsel pointed out that no evidence was ever produced to support the allegation that he was going to disappear once in Pakistan to join a Toronto-based group arrested on allegations of wanting to bomb Canadian targets. Lord Carloway said he would seek contempt of court charges against Aamer Anwar for making "disparaging remarks" about the outcome of the trial. Donald Findlay was <mask>'s leading lawyer. One of the charges against <mask> was overturned on appeal. Some directions given to the jury by the trial judge, Lord Carloway, were found to be a "material misdirection" by the appeal judge.Following the Criminal Appeal Court's decision to quash a conviction under section 57 of the Terrorism Act 2000, the Crown Office decided not to seek a re trial of <mask> <mask>. Since the trial judge charged the jury, the law in relation to section 57 of Terrorism Act 2000 has been further developed through a number of decisions in the English courts. The Crown decided not to seek authority for a re trial after careful consideration of the Appeal Court judgement. The fact that Mr <mask> has already served the majority of his sentence for charge 1 means that a re trial would have little practical effect. The Crown concluded that a re trial wouldn't be in the public interest. "<mask> <mask> remains convicted of the other charges on the indictment which were: section 54 of the Terrorism Act 2000: setting up websites providing links to documents providing instructions on how to operate weaponry and make explosives and section 2 of the Terrorism Act 2006: circulating terrorist publications by There are Scottish people of Pakistani descent who have been convicted of terrorism charges.

masks:
Mohammed Atif Siddique
Siddique
Siddique
Siddique
Siddique
Mohammed Rafiq
Siddique
Siddique
Siddique
Siddique
Siddique
Siddique
Siddique
Siddique
Siddique
Mohammed Atif
Siddique
Siddique
Mohammed Atif
Siddique


title: François-Henri de Montmorency, duc de Luxembourg

texts: <mask> was a French general and the Duke of Piney-Luxembourg. One of the most accomplished military commanders of the early modern period, he was particularly noted for his exploits in the Franco-Dutch War and the War of the Grand Alliance. Luxembourg was a slight man but still one of France's greatest generals. He never lost a battle in which he was in charge. <mask> was born in Paris. His father, the <mask>, was executed six months before his birth for participating in a battle. <mask>, Princess of Condé, took charge of him and educated him with her son.The young Montmorency attached himself to his cousin and shared his successes and reverses throughout the troubles of the Fronde. Montmorency was pardoned and returned to France in 1659, but Condé contrived the marriage of his cousin to the greatest heiress in France, <mask> <mask>. He was the lieutenant general in the conquest of Franche-Comté during the second campaign of the War of Devolution and the Franco-Dutch War. In 1672, Luxembourg held a high command against the Dutch during the Franco-Dutch War, after four years of peace. He was blocked by the Dutch Water Line after defeating the Prince William III of Orange. A sudden thaw cut his force in half after he began to cross over the ice. The entire civilian population was ordered to be burned alive by <mask> Luxembourg after he found the abandoned fortress town of Bodegraven.When <mask> Luxembourg bragged to Louis XIV that he had roasted any Dutchman he could find in the town, he was surprised to find that some at court considered such cruelties unnecessary. He was placed in the first rank of generals after he made his famous retreat from Utrecht to Maastricht with only 20,000 men. He was made the captain of the Garde du Corps in 1674 and the marshal of France in 1675. He replaced Condé, who was in bad health, at the head of the Army of the Rhine. He was unable to relieve the siege of Philippsburg. The Imperial troops invested this fortress on 1 May. The Imperials did not allow Luxembourg to break through the defenses of Wissembourg.On 17 September, Philippsburg fell. After defeating William of Orange at Valenciennes, he repulsed another assault at Saint-Denis after the signature of the Peace of Nijmegen. It is said that he got sent to the Bastille because he got into a fight with Louvois, who was involved in the fair of the Poisons. The quarrel in Rousset's Histoire de Louvois is probably apocryphal. Luxembourg was released from the Bastille in 1680 and went to court as capitaine des gardes. During the War of the Grand Alliance, Luxembourg was given the command of King Louis' army in the Spanish Netherlands. The Prince of Waldeck was defeated by him on 1 July 1690 at Fleurus.He won again at Leuze on 18 September 1691. He won the most famous of his battles over his eternal adversary at Neerwinden, after which he was called "Le Tap", in the next campaign. The king looked coldly on a relative and adherent of the Condés as he was received with enthusiasm at Paris. According to the first volume of his memoirs, St-Simon claimed through his wife to be duc de Piney of an old creation of 1571, which would place him second on the roll. The affair was checked through St-Simon's assiduity, and was described with his usual interest in the peerage. Luxembourg did not do much in the campaign of 1694, except for a famous march from Vignemont to Tournai. He died after returning to Versailles for the winter.He was attended by the Jesuit priest Bourdaloue, who said on his death, "I have not lived his life, but I would wish to die his death." Luxembourg was considered immoral in those times, but he was a general. Though slothful like Condé in the management of a campaign, at the moment of battle he seemed seized with happy inspiration, against which no ardour of William's and no steadiness of Dutch or English soldiers could stand. The second period of the military history of Louis XIV ended with his death and Catinat's disgrace. In his final calculations, no one was more conscientious than M. <mask>. He had daring and confidence, and at the same time a cool-headedness that allowed him to observe and anticipate in the midst of the fiercest cannonade. That was when he was at his best.At other times he was not active, only gambling, conversing with intimates, and almost always with the same company, and if they happened to be near a town, an agreeable mingling of the sexes. He was distinguished for his wit. His retort referred to his abnormality. William was said to have said that he couldn't beat him. How does he know I have a hump? Luxembourg said that he had never seen his back. The youngest of his four sons was a marshal of France.On 17 March 1661 Franois-<mask> Montmorency married <mask> Clermont-Tonnerre and had 5 children. ), comte de Luxe and baron d'Apremont, mademoiselle de Luxembourg, and married Louis Henri <mask>. The Histoire militaire du duc de Luxembourg was written by Beaurain. It was viii. Histoire de la maison de Montmorency was written by Desormeaux. I. IV. Count <mask>r's biography of Luxemburg was written in the 17th century.

masks:
Franois Henri de Montmorency Bouteville
Franois Henri de Montmorency
Franois de Montmorency Bouteville
Charlotte Marguerite de Montmorency
Madeleine de
Luxembourg
de
de
de Luxembourg
Henri de
Madeleine de
de Bourbon
de Segu


title: Martin Whitely

texts: A Labor member of the Western Australian Legislative Assembly from 2001 to 2001 and a mental health researcher, <mask> retired from state politics in March 2013). Whitely was a critic of the increase in child mental health medication prescriptions. Whitely wrote Speed Up and Sit Still - The Controversies of ADHD Diagnosis and Treatment while still in politics. He finished his PhD in 2012 after retiring from politics. He researched Australian mental health policy and practice and pharmaceutical and medical device regulation. His research focuses on the drivers and outcomes of prescription mental health medication use by children, adolescents and young adults. Whitely led two research projects that looked at the effect of relative-age within a school classroom on the likelihood of children beingmedicated for ADHD.The Influence of birth month of Western Australian children was published in the Medical Journal of Australia. It found that among West Australian school children who were the youngest in class, they were more likely to take Adderall than their older classmates. A systematic review of 22 studies in 13 countries covering over 15 million children found the late birthdate effect to be common in both high and low prescribe international jurisdiction. It found that the global norm is for the youngest students within a school year to be diagnosed with and treated for ADHD. Whitely co-authored a paper about the relationship between amphetamines and meth use in Australia. There is evidence of a relationship between the use of amphetamines and the prescription of amphetamines. The major component of their amphetamine use is the non-medical use of prescription ATS by secondary school students.Since at least 2002 it has been reported that the use of amphetamines by adults in the state has been among the highest in Australia. Antidepressant use and suicide by young Australians Whitely led research published in 2020, Antidepressant Prescribing and Suicide/Self-Harm by Young Australians: Regulatory Warnings,Contradictory Advice, and Long-Term Trends. In the four years following the 2004 FDA warning there was a 31% decrease in the incidence of suicidal thinking and behaviours in people under the age of 25. The rates of depression and suicide by young Australians increased over the course of a decade. In 2009, there were 275 suicides by Australians under the age of 25. <mask> and his co-authors concluded that correlation does not prove causality. We are not surprised that youth suicide rates have gone up because of the FDA warning that antidepressants were associated with a doubled risk of suicidality.<mask> was a lawmaker for the electorate of Roleystone from 2001 to 2005. He was the Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister for Agriculture, Food and Forestry from August 2006 to September 2008 after the Carpenter government lost office. <mask> was a secondary school teacher before he was elected to parliament. There was a rapid rise in the rates of child prescription in Western Australian. They were among the highest in the world and the second highest in Australia by 2000. He called for tighter controls in his first speech. In December 2002 the Western Australian Health Minister Bob Kucera and <mask> announced the abolition of "en bloc authorisation" which allowed "specialists to prescribe stimulants without individual patient authorisation".In August of 2003 the Stimulant Regulatory Scheme began collecting detailed annual reporting of ADHD stimulants in Western Australia. The number of Western Australian children who were prescribed stimulants fell from 8,859 in 2004 to 5,636 in 2010 despite the state's population increasing. Over this period, the per capita rate of ADHD Stimuli child prescriptions is expected to decrease. After <mask> retired there was a rebound in child prescription rates. The number of children in Western Australia who received at least one prescription for an attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder drug increased by 9,587 over the course of the year. The state's population increased by only 15% while the number of children was increased by 70%. <mask> was campaigning to influence national policy.The boxed warning for increased risk of suicidality was the reason why he tried to prevent non-stimulant Adderall from being added to the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme. In 2007, it was added to the PBS. 149 reports of adverse events were received by the Therapeutic Goods Administration. Four incomplete suicide attempts, including a 7-year-old girl, and three completed suicides were included in the 78 reports. The number of adverse events reported to the TGA by doctors in Australia is unknown. The National Health and Medical Research Council endorsed the guidelines developed by the Royal Australian College of Physicians. The guidelines were never endorsed by the NHMRC because of concerns about conflicts of interest among guidelines panel members and the heavy reliance on research lead by high-profile ADHD medication proponents with undisclosed significant conflicts of interest, most notably Professor Joseph Biederman.<mask>'s campaign against the use of ADHD medications by children has attracted a lot of criticism. Prominent Australian psychiatrists including Professors Florence Levy and Alasdair Vance have been highly critical of <mask>, who has no medical training, for politicising the disorder, ignoring scientific evidence and promoting an emotional and sensationalist debate. <mask> has received praise for offering a "proven public health cure...for the false epidemic of ADHD" from Professor Allen Frances who led the development of the DSMIV on behalf of the American Psychiatric Association. The American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th edition (DSM5) was criticized in Australian attempts to prevent the official recognition of Psychosis Risk Disorder Whitely. The inclusion of Attenuated Psychosis Syndrome in the DSM5 was removed after it lost the support of prominent advocates, including the former Australian of the Year, Professor Patrick McGorry. <mask> is the author of Speed Up and Sit Still: The Controversies of ADHD Diagnosis and Treatment. 21st century Australian politicians include members of the Legislative Assembly of Western Australia and the Parliament of Western Australia.

masks:
Martin Paul Whitely
Whitely
Whitely
Whitely
Whitely
Whitely
Whitely
Whitely
Whitely
Whitely
Martin Whitely


title: Emmett Till

texts: In 1955, a 14-year-old African American was lynched in Mississippi after being accused of offending a white woman in a grocery store. The brutality of his murder and the fact that his killers were acquitted drew attention to the long history of violent persecution of African Americans in the United States. He became an icon of the civil rights movement. Chicago is where <mask> was born and raised. He was visiting relatives in Mississippi during the summer of 1955. Carolyn Bryant is the white married proprietor of a small grocery store. It's not clear what happened at the store, but <mask> was accused of flirting with or whistling at Bryant.The code of behavior for a black male and a white female in the Jim Crow-era South was violated by <mask>'s interaction with Bryant. Bryant's husband Roy and his half-brother J.W. were at the store after the incident. The armed man went to <mask>'s great-uncle's house and kidnapped him. They took him away, beat and killed him, then shot him in the head and dumped his body in the river. The body of <mask> was found three days later. The public funeral service with an open casket was held at Roberts Temple Church of God in Christ after <mask>'s body was returned to Chicago. The open-coffin funeral held by Mamie <mask> exposed the world to more than her son's bloated, mutilated body.Her decision focused attention on the limitations and vulnerabilities of American democracy, not only on U.S. racism and the barbarism of lynching. Tens of thousands attended his funeral or viewed his open casket, and images of his body were published in black-oriented magazines and newspapers to rally popular black support and white sympathy. Although local newspapers and law enforcement officials initially decried the violence against <mask> and called for justice, they responded to national criticism by giving support to the killers. Bryant and Milam were found not guilty of <mask>'s murder in 1955. In a 1955 interview with Look magazine, the two men admitted that they had killed <mask>. The murder of <mask> was seen as the beginning of the next phase of the civil rights movement. The Montgomery bus boycott lasted more than a year and resulted in the US Supreme Court ruling that the buses were unconstitutional.Historians say that events surrounding <mask>'s life and death are still relevant. The commission was established in the 21st century. The Emmett Till Interpretive Center is located at the Sumner County Courthouse. There are 51 sites in the Mississippi Delta that are associated with <mask>. The son of Mamie Carthan and <mask> was born in 1941 in Chicago. Mamie was born in a small town in Mississippi. The Yazoo and Mississippi rivers are part of the Delta region.The Great Migration of rural black families out of the South to the North to escape violence and lack of opportunity happened when Carthan was two years old. Carthan's mother's home was often used by other recent migrants as a way station while they were trying to find jobs and housing. The Delta counties of Mississippi were some of the most impoverished in the U.S. in the 1950s. In 1949, the average income per white household was $690 in Tallahatchie County. The figure was $462 for black families. Economic opportunities for blacks were hard to come by in the rural areas. They lived on land owned by whites.Since 1890, when the white-dominated legislature passed a new constitution that raised barriers to voter registration, blacks have been excluded from voting and the political system. Jim Crow laws were also passed by whites. After discovering that <mask> had been unfaithful, Mamie and her mother separated in 1942. She responded by throwing water at him after he abused her. <mask> was forced by a judge in 1943 to choose between jail or enlistment in the U.S. Army, for violating court orders to stay away from Mamie. A few weeks before his son's fourth birthday, he was executed for the murder of an Italian woman and the rape of two others. At the age of six, he contracted the disease, which left him with a stutter.After moving to Detroit, she met and married "Pink" Bradley. His mother and stepfather joined him later that year after he returned to Chicago to live with his grandmother. "Pink" Bradley returned to Detroit after the marriage ended. The Bradley family lived in a busy neighborhood on the South Side of Chicago. She worked as a civilian clerk for the Air Force. She said that he was able to help with chores at home despite getting distracted. His mother remembered that he didn't know his limitations.Bradley visited Mamie after the couple's separation and began threatening her. At eleven years old, <mask> told Bradley he would kill him if he didn't leave. <mask> was usually happy. He and his cousins and friends spent their free time playing baseball and pranking each other, and he once took advantage of an extended car-ride when his friend fell asleep and put his underwear on his head. He was the center of attention for his peers. During the summer of 1955, the uncle of Mamie <mask> visited her in Chicago and told her stories about living in the Mississippi Delta. He wanted to see himself.Wright was going to join <mask> with a cousin and another cousin. Wright was a sharecropper and part-time minister. Money, Mississippi, was a small town in the Delta that had three stores, a school, a post office, and a few hundred residents. He should know how to behave in front of whites in the South after being warned by his mother that Chicago and Mississippi were two different worlds. He told her he understood. Statistics on lynchings began to be collected. More than 500 African Americans have been killed by extrajudicial violence in Mississippi alone since that time.Between 1876 and 1930, most of the racially motivated murders took place, though they were less common by the mid-1950s. In the South, whites banned interracial relationships as a way to maintain white supremacy. Penalties could be severe for black men if they were to have sexual contact with white women. Following World War II, there was a resurgence of the enforcement of Jim Crow laws. The United States Supreme Court ruled in the case of Brown v. Board of Education that segregation in public education was unconstitutional. The ruling was believed to lead to interracial dating. One Virginia county closed its public schools because of the court's ruling.The ruling was ignored by other jurisdictions. Since the turn of the century, whites have used stronger measures to keep blacks politically disenfranchised. Segregation in the South was used to keep blacks out of social equality. A week before <mask> arrived in Mississippi, a black activist named Lamar Smith was shot and killed in front of the county courthouse for political organizing. Three white suspects were released after being arrested. On August 21, 1955, Carolyn Bryant <mask> arrived in Money, Mississippi. He and his cousin went to Bryant's grocery and meat market to buy candy after skipping church.The teenagers had been picking cotton all day. The white couple who owned the market were Roy and Carolyn Bryant. Carolyn was alone in the front of the store while her sister-in-law was in the back. Jones played checkers with the other boys. There are still disagreements about what happened in the store. According to what Jones said at the time, the other boys reported that <mask> bragged to the boys that the white children in the picture were his friends, and that he had a photograph of an integrated class at the school he attended in Chicago. He pointed to a white girl in the picture, or referred to a picture of a white girl that had come with his wallet, and said she was his girlfriend.According to Jones, one or more of the local boys dared <mask> to speak to Bryant. Jones' version of what happened on that day was disputed by <mask>'s cousin, who was also present. According to Wright, <mask> did not have a photo of a white girl in his wallet and no one dared him to flirt with Bryant. The white folk said that we didn't dare him to go to the store. He had pictures of his white girlfriend. There weren't any pictures. They didn't talk to me.They never talked to me. According to the FBI report, Jones recanted his 1955 statements prior to his death and apologized to <mask>. Some versions say that Bryant may have been wolf-whistled at by <mask>. According to Wright, <mask> whistled at Bryant, saying, "I think he wanted to get a laugh out of us or something." He became alarmed after the whistle. Wright said it scared them half to death. We were almost in shock.We couldn't get out of there quickly because we hadn't heard of that before. A black boy is whistling. In Mississippi? No. Wright said that the Ku Klux Klan and night riders were part of their daily lives. According to a newspaper account, after his disappearance, <mask> whistled to alleviate his stuttering. His mother said that he had difficulty pronouncing "b" sounds, and that he may have whistled to overcome the problem of asking for bubble gum.She taught <mask> how to whistle softly to himself before he spoke. Bryant testified during the murder trial that she asked <mask> if she could have a date. She said the young man grabbed her waist and asked, "What's the matter baby, can't you take it?" after she freed herself from his grasp. Bryant said she freed herself, and <mask> said, "You needn't be afraid of me, baby, I've been with white women before." Bryant claimed that one of <mask>'s companions grabbed him by the arm and ordered him to leave the store. According to historian Timothy Tyson, Bryant admitted to him in a 2008 interview that her testimony during the trial that <mask> had made verbal and physical advances was false. Bryant told Tyson "that part's not true" after he testified that <mask> grabbed her waist and uttered obscenities.She could not remember the rest of what happened. Tyson quotes Bryant as saying "nothing that boy did could ever justify what happened to him". Bryant did not say those things in the tapes Tyson made of the interviews. Marsha Bryant, Bryant's daughter-in-law, says that Bryant never told Tyson that. The account given by Carolyn Bryant at the trial was challenged by <mask>'s cousin. Wright claims he entered the store "less than a minute" after <mask> was left alone with Bryant, and he saw no inappropriate behavior. Wright said they left the store together after <mask> paid for his items.An anonymous source who was confirmed to have been in the store at the same time as <mask> and his cousin supported Wright's account. In an interview with the defense's attorneys, Bryant told a version of the initial encounter that included <mask> grabbing her hand and asking her for a date, but not <mask> approaching her and grabbing her waist, mentioning past relationships with white women, or having to be dragged. It was his remarks to Bryant that angered his killers, rather than any physical harassment, according to Anderson. Sheriff George Smith only spoke of the arrested killers accusing <mask> of "ugly remarks", and Mose Wright, a witness to the kidnapping, said that the kidnappers only mentioned "talk" at the store. Anderson thinks that the more extreme details of Bryant's story were invented as part of the defense's legal strategy. Bryant retrieved a pistol from underneath the seat of a car after Wright and <mask> left the store. The teenagers left after seeing her do this.Bryant was going to her car when <mask> whistled. It is not clear whether <mask> whistled toward Bryant or the checkers game that was happening across the street. One of the boys ran across the street to tell Jones what happened. The older man with whom Jones was playing checkers told the boys to leave immediately, fearing violence. Bryant told other people about the events at the store. Jones and <mask> didn't want to get in trouble with their great-uncle. He wanted to return to Chicago.Roy Bryant did not return home until August 27 after an extended trip hauling shrimp to Texas. Historian Timothy Tyson said an investigation by civil rights activists concluded Carolyn Bryant did not initially tell her husband Roy Bryant about the encounter with <mask>, and that Roy was told by a person who hung around at their store. Roy was angry that his wife didn't tell him. Carolyn Bryant told the FBI that she didn't tell her husband because she didn't want him to beat up <mask>. Roy Bryant aggressively questioned several young black men who entered the store when he was informed of what had happened. Bryant and a black man named J. W. Washington approached a black teenager. Bryant ordered Washington to seize the boy, put him in the back of a pickup truck, and take him to be identified by a companion of Carolyn's who had seen the episode with <mask>.Carolyn's companion denied that the boy Bryant and Washington seized was the one who accosted her, and friends or parents vouched for the boy in Bryant's store. Bryant was able to learn that the boy in the incident was from Chicago. Bryant and his half-brother talked about taking <mask> from his house. In the early morning hours of August 28, 1955, Bryant and Milam drove to Mose Wright's house. He had a pistol and a flashlight. He asked Wright if there were any boys in the house. There were eight people in the small cabin, with <mask> sharing a bed with another cousin.Wright was asked to take them to the person who did the talking. The men were offered money by <mask>'s great-aunt, but the man refused as he rushed to put on his clothes. The men were told that <mask> was from the north. How old are you, preacher? Wright replied "64". If Wright told anyone, he wouldn't live to see 65. The men went to the truck.Wright said he heard someone say "yes" when they asked if this was the boy. When asked if the voice was that of a man or woman, Wright said it was a lighter voice than a man's. In an interview with Look magazine in which they confessed to the killing, Bryant and Milam said they would have brought <mask> by the store in order to have Carolyn identify him, but that they did not do so because they said <mask> admitted to being the one who had talked to her. They took <mask> to Money, Mississippi, in the back of a green pickup truck. They took <mask> back to Bryant's Groceries and recruited two black men. The men went to the barn. They pistol-whipped him and knocked him unconscious.Willie Reed was 18 years old at the time. Reed saw two white men in the front and two black men in the back. The two black men denied being present when they were forced to help with the beating. Willie Reed heard the beating and crying from the barn while he was walking home. He told a neighbor and they both walked back up the road to the water well. They were asked if they heard anything. Reed said no.Others heard yelling and passed by the shed. A neighbor saw "Too tight" washing blood off the truck at the back of the barn and noticed <mask>'s boot. He said the boot belonged to him after he killed a deer. Some people claim that <mask> was shot and thrown over a bridge near the Tallahatchie River. The group went back to Roy Bryant's house in Money and burned his nephew's clothes. Bryant and Milam said in an interview with Look magazine that they intended to frighten <mask> by beating him and throwing him off an embankment. They said that while they were beating <mask>, he called them bastards, declared he was as good as they, and had sexual encounters with white women.The only time they admitted to being worried was when they put <mask> in the back of their truck and went to a cotton gin to get a fan. They weighted his body with a fan after shooting him. Wright was on his porch waiting for <mask> to come back. He didn't go back to sleep. He and another man went into Money, got gasoline, and drove around trying to find <mask>. They returned home at 8:00 am. After hearing from Wright that he would not call the police because he feared for his life,Curtis Jones placed a call to the sheriff and his mother in Chicago.She called her mother. Elizabeth's brother contacted the sheriff after Wright and his wife drove to Sumner. George Smith was the sheriff of Leflore County. They said they released the boy in front of Bryant's store after taking him from his great-uncle's yard. They were arrested for kidnapping. Medgar Evers, Mississippi state field secretary for the NAACP, and Amzie Moore, head of the Bolivar County chapter, became involved after learning that <mask> was missing. They pretended to be cotton pickers and went into the cotton fields looking for information that might help find <mask>.Three days after <mask>'s abduction and murder, his body was found by two boys fishing in the Tallahatchie River.

masks:
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Till Bradley
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Louis Till
Louis Till
Louis Till
Emmett
Emmett
Till Bradley
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Till Mobley
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Till


title: Emmett Till

texts: He had been shot above the right ear, his body was weighted with a fan blade and he had been beaten on the back and hips. He wore a silver ring with the initials "L. T." carved in it. He was submerged in water and had trauma to his face. Wright was called to the river to identify <mask>. The silver ring that <mask> was wearing was returned to Wright and passed on to the district attorney. Although lynchings and racially motivated murders had occurred throughout the South for decades, the circumstances surrounding <mask>'s murder and the timing acted as a catalyst to attract national attention to the case of a 14-year-old boy who had allegedly been killed for breaching a social caste system.The murder of <mask> aroused feelings about segregation, law enforcement, relations between the North and South, the social status quo in Mississippi, the activities of the NAACP and the White Citizens' Councils, and the Cold War, all of which were played out in a drama staged in newspapers all over The three-paragraph story was picked up by other Mississippi newspapers after <mask> went missing. When the body was found, they reported his death. Editorials and letters to the editor were printed in the Jackson Daily News and Vicksburg Evening Post, expressing shame at the people who caused <mask>'s death, after a picture of him and his mother smiling together appeared in the Jackson Daily News. One read, "Now is the time for every citizen who loves the state of Mississippi to'stand up and be counted' before hoodlum white trash brings us to destruction." The letter said that whites in White Citizens' Councils condoned violence and that Negroes were not the downfall of Mississippi society. The lime-packed corpse of <mask> was put into a pine coffin and prepared for burial.It might have been embalmed in Mississippi. When she demanded that the body be sent to Chicago, she later said that she worked to halt an immediate burial in Mississippi and called several local and state authorities in Illinois and Mississippi to make sure that her son was returned to Chicago. The doctor didn't examine the corpse. Hugh L. White, the governor of Mississippi, deplored the murder and called for a vigorous prosecution. He sent a telegram to the national offices of the NAACP, promising a full investigation and assuring them "Mississippi does not condone such conduct". Both black and white residents of Delta distanced themselves from <mask>'s murder. The murderers were denounced by local newspaper editorials.The white people around here don't like the way the little boy was treated, and they won't stand for it. The discourse about <mask>'s murder became more complex. Robert B. Patterson, executive secretary of the segregationist White Citizens' Council, claimed that racial segregation policies were to provide for blacks' safety and that their efforts were being mitigated by the NAACP. Roy Wilkins, NAACP executive secretary, characterized the incident as a lynching and said that Mississippi was trying to maintain white supremacy through murder. There is no restraining influence of decency in the entire state, not even in the state capital, among the daily newspapers, the clergy, or any segment of the so-called better citizens. The State of Mississippi should share the financial responsibility for finding her son's killers, because she told a reporter that she would seek legal aid to do so. She was quoted as saying "Mississippi is going to pay for this."The A. The funeral home in Chicago received the body of <mask>. After viewing it to make a positive identification, Bradley stated that the smell from it was two blocks away. She decided to have an open-casket funeral because she couldn't describe what was in the box. No way. I wanted the world to see. Tens of thousands of people lined the street outside the mortuary to view <mask>'s body, and thousands more attended his funeral at Roberts Temple Church of God in Christ.Photographs of his dead body were published in Jet magazine and The Chicago Defender, generating intense public reaction. According to The Nation and Newsweek, Chicago's black community was "appalled as it has not been over any similar act in recent history". "For almost a century, African Americans were lynched with regularity and impunity, and one of the most influential images of all time is one of the Jet photographs showing Mamie <mask> over the mutilated body of her dead son." Thanks to a mother's determination to expose the barbarousness of the crime, the public could no longer ignore what they couldn't see. On September 6th, <mask> was buried in Alsip, Illinois. The news about <mask> spread to the other side of the country. The mayor of Chicago and the governor of Illinois urged the governor of Mississippi to see that justice was done.The tone in Mississippi newspapers changed a lot. There were riots in the funeral home. Carolyn Bryant's beauty and virtue were praised as Bryant and Milam appeared in photos smiling and wearing military uniforms. Rumors of an invasion of blacks and whites were printed throughout the state, and were taken seriously by the sheriff. T. R. M. Howard warned of a second civil war if "slaughtering of Negroes" was allowed. White opinion began to shift after Roy Wilkins' comments. Stephen J. Whitfield claims that a particular brand of prejudice was strong in Mississippi.Whites were told to reject the influence of Northern opinion. The nickname "The Freestate of Tallahatchie" was given to the county because of its independence, according to a former sheriff. On September 3, the day after the body was pulled from the Tallahatchie River, the Sheriff of Tallahatchie County said that he didn't think the body was that of <mask>. He thought the boy was still alive. The corpse was planted by the NAACP, according to Strider. After comments were published in the press denigrating the people of Mississippi, Strider changed his story. I had no choice.They were indicted for murder. Hamilton Caldwell, the state's prosecuting attorney, was not confident that he could get a conviction in a case of white violence against a black male accused of insulting a white woman. The New York Times and a local black paper praised the decision to indict. The high-profile comments published in Northern newspapers and by the NAACP were of concern to the prosecuting attorney, Gerald Chatham, who worried that his office would not be able to secure a guilty verdict despite the compelling evidence. Bryant and Milam had limited funds, but five attorneys at a Sumner law firm offered their services pro bono. Their supporters placed jars in stores and other places in the Delta to raise money for the defense. The trial was held in the western part of Tallahatchie County because <mask>'s body was found there.The small town of Sumner was besieged by reporters from all over the country. The trial was called the first great media event of the civil rights movement by David Halberstam. A reporter who had covered the trials of Bruno Hauptmann and Machine Gun Kelly remarked that this was the most publicity he had ever seen. Hotels were not open to black visitors. The trial attracted a black congressman from Michigan. Several black reporters stayed at T. R. M. Howard's home. It was surrounded by Howard's armed guards and was located on a large lot.The day before the trial, a young black man named Frank Young arrived to tell Howard he knew of two witnesses to the crime. Levi "Too tight" Collins and Henry Lee Loggins were black employees of the brother of J. W. Collins and Loggins were seen with other people. The prosecution team did not know about Collins and Loggins. They were booked into the Mississippi jail to prevent them from testifying. Attendees remembered that the weather was very hot when the trial was held in 1955. The courtroom was filled to capacity with over 300 people in attendance.Black reporters were required to sit in the black section and away from the white press, farther from the jury, in order to attend the event. The sheriff welcomed the spectators with a "Hello, Niggers!" The court was run with surprising informality by some visitors from the North. Many white male spectators wore handguns while jury members were allowed to drink beer. The defense tried to cast doubt on the identity of the body. They didn't know if it was <mask> or not, and they wondered if he was dead at all. The defense said that Bryant and Milam had released <mask> that night after taking him from his great-uncle's house.The defense attorneys tried to prove that Bryant and Milam were not the men who took <mask> from his cabin. There were no other lights in the house that night, and only Milam's flashlight was used. The evening they took <mask>, Bryant and Milam identified themselves to Wright. Wright's testimony was considered brave. It may have been the first time in the South that a black man had testified to the guilt of a white man in court. The journalist who worked for the black news wire service, the National Negro Publishers Association (later renamed the National Newspaper Publishers Association), was present in the courtroom, and he was especially impressed that Wright stood to identify Milam, pointing to him and saying "There he is". Wright sat with a lurch which told better than anything else the cost in strength to him of the thing he had done, according to a writer for the New York Post.The most dramatic thing I saw in my career was the trial for the New Orleans Times-Picayune. When her son was asked to get on his knees to ask forgiveness of a white person, she told him to do it without thinking. The defense questioned her identification of her son in the casket in Chicago and the $400 life insurance policy she had taken out on him. While the trial was going on, Sheriff George Smith, Howard, and several reporters tried to locate Collins and Loggins. They were able to find three witnesses who had seen Collins and Loggins with the others. They heard someone being beaten, blows, and cries. One testified quietly and the judge ordered him several times to speak louder.Lord, have mercy. Carolyn Bryant was allowed to testify, but not in front of the jury, after the prosecution objected that her testimony was irrelevant to <mask>'s abduction and murder. It could have been leaked to the jury. The body that was retrieved from the river was white, according to the testimony of the sheriff. The doctor stated on the stand that the body had been in the water too long for it to be <mask>. One prosecuting attorney said that what <mask> did was wrong, but that his action deserved a spanking. The sheriff and doctor's statements about a conspiracy were mocked by Gerald Chatham.She said she was very impressed with his summing up. The prosecution's theory of the events of the night <mask> was murdered was not believable, and the jury's "forefathers would turn over in their graves" if they were convicted, according to the defense. There were only three possible outcomes for capital murder in Mississippi. On September 23 the all-white, all-male jury acquitted both defendants after a 67-minute deliberation; one juror said, "If we hadn't stopped to drink pop, it wouldn't have taken that long." The blame for the outcome varied. Bradley didn't cry enough on the stand. Due to its poorer economic make-up, the hill country section of Tallahatchie County had whites and blacks competing for land and other opportunities.Unlike the population living closer to the river, who possessed a noblesse oblige outlook toward blacks, those in the eastern part of the county were very racist. The prosecution was criticized for dismissing potential jurors for fear that they would vote to acquit. It was noted that this had been a mistake, as those who knew the defendants disliked them. On the third discussion, one juror voted with the rest of the jury to acquit. In later interviews, the jurors acknowledged that they knew Bryant and Milam were guilty, but they didn't think the death penalty was appropriate for whites who had killed a black man. In 2005, two jurors said they believed the defense's case. The prosecution did not prove that <mask> died or that his body was removed from the river.In November 1955, a grand jury declined to indict Bryant and Milam for kidnapping, despite their own admissions of having taken <mask>. Two people testified in front of the grand jury, one of which was a young man named Willie Reed, who said that he saw Milam enter the shed from which screams and blows were heard. After the trial, T. R. M. Howard paid the costs of relocating Wright, Reed, and another black witness to Chicago in order to protect them from reprisals for testifying. Reed lived in the Chicago area until his death in July of 2013). He hid his history from his wife until she was told by a relative. Reed spoke about the case in a PBS documentary. Newspapers in major international cities and religious publications reported outrage about the verdict and strong criticism of American society.The court system did its job according to newspapers in Mississippi. The story of <mask> continued to make the news for weeks after the trial, sparking debate in newspapers about justice for blacks and the propriety of Jim Crow society. The Jackson Daily News reported in October 1955 that the U.S. military had suppressed facts about <mask>'s father. <mask> raped two women and killed a third while he was in Italy. He was executed by hanging by the Army in 1945. The Bradley family was told only that Louis had been killed. <mask>'s crimes were revealed by Mississippi senators James Eastland and John C. Stennis.News about his father was on the front pages of Mississippi newspapers for weeks in October and November 1955. There was a renewed debate about Carolyn Bryant's integrity. The lack of attention paid to identifying or finding <mask> is "strange" compared to the amount of published discourse about his father. According to historians, <mask> became a most important rhetorical pawn in the high-stakes game of north versus south, black versus white, NAACP versus White Citizens' Councils. John Edgar Wideman reviewed the facts of the rapes and murder for which <mask> had been executed in 2016 and suggested that the defendants had already confessed to taking <mask> from his uncle's house. The conviction and punishment of <mask> may have been racially motivated according to evidence presented by Wideman. Bryant and Milam were protected against double jeopardy when they struck a deal with Look magazine to tell their story.The attorneys who defended Bryant and Milam were interviewed. Bryant and Milam's own attorneys asked the questions. The attorneys hadn't heard their clients' accounts before. The older Milam was more sure of himself than the younger Bryant. Neither of them believed that they had done anything wrong, even though they admitted to shooting <mask>. There was a huge reaction to Huie's interview. Civil rights leaders pushed the federal government harder to investigate the case after they admitted that they had murdered <mask>.The Civil Rights Act of 1957 allowed the U.S. Department of Justice to intervene in local law enforcement issues when individual civil rights were being compromised. In earlier versions of the stories, there were inconsistencies that were overshadowed by Huie's interview. Historians David and Linda Beito said that details about others who may have been involved in <mask>'s abduction and murder, or the subsequent cover-up, were forgotten. The local black community was worried that the law wouldn't protect them after <mask>'s murder. "At that time, they used to say that 'it's open season on n*****s' and kill them and get away with it,'" said Deloris Gresham, whose father was killed a few months after <mask>. The support base of the two men in Mississippi fell after they admitted to killing <mask>. They were cut off by many of their former friends and supporters.Blacks boycotted their shops, which went bankrupt and closed, and banks refused to grant them loans to plant crops. After trying to get a loan and finding someone who would rent to him, he was able to get a $4,000 loan to plant cotton, but blacks refused to work for him. He had to pay higher wages to whites. After moving to Texas, Milam and Bryant continued to generate animosity from locals. Bryant called out a greeting when he recognized the license plate of a Tallahatchie County resident. The resident drove away without speaking to Bryant. They returned to Mississippi after several years.Illness forced him into retirement as a heavy equipment operator. Over the years, he was tried for offenses such as writing bad checks and using a stolen credit card. He died of

masks:
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Till
Till
Till
Till
Till
Till
Louis Till
Louis Till
Till
Louis Till
Louis Till
Emmett
Louis Till
Till
Till
Till
Till
Till
Till


title: Emmett Till

texts: cancer at the age of 61. Bryant gave up his job as a welder in Texas because he was blind. He and Carolyn divorced at some point. He opened a store in Mississippi. In 1984 and 1988 he was convicted of food stamp fraud.He said in a 1985 interview that if <mask> hadn't gotten out of line, it probably wouldn't have happened to him. Fearing economic boycotts and retaliation, Bryant lived a private life and refused to be photographed or reveal the exact location of his store, explaining: "this new generation is different and I don't want to worry about a bullet some dark night". He died of cancer at the age of 63. The mother of <mask> changed her name to <mask>. She was educating people about her son's murder. While Bryant was being interviewed about his involvement in <mask>'s murder, <mask> had the chance to listen. With Bryant unaware that <mask> was listening, he asserted that <mask> had ruined his life, expressed no remorse, and said: "<mask> <mask> is dead."I don't know why he can't live. In 1996, a documentary filmmaker who was moved by <mask>'s open-casket photograph started research for a film about his murder. Carolyn Bryant Donham may have been involved, as he claimed that as many as 14 people may have been involved. A person with a lighter voice said that <mask> was in Wright's front yard before Bryant and Milam drove away with the boy. The Untold Story of <mask> <mask> was produced by Beauchamp over the course of nine years. The Murder of <mask> <mask> was aired on PBS. Ed Bradley aired a 60 Minutes report in 2005 that showed him tracking down Carolyn Bryant, who was in Mississippi at the time of the <mask> murder.Stephen J. Whitfield wrote a book in 1991, Christopher Metress wrote a book in 2002, and Mamie <mask> wrote a book in 2011. Questions about the identity of the body pulled from the Tallahatchie River were solved by federal authorities in the 21st century. In 2004, the U.S. Department of Justice reopened the case to see if anyone else was involved. According to a professor at the University of Alabama, the murder of <mask> has the same mythic quality as the Kennedy assassination. In order to find new evidence in other murders, the DOJ had undertaken to investigate many cold cases dating to the civil rights movement. An autopsy was conducted on the body after it was exhumed. The exhumed body was positively identified as that of <mask> thanks to a number of factors.It had a broken left femur and two broken wrists. The metallic fragments found in the skull were consistent with the bullets being fired from a gun. A grand jury in February of 2007, empaneled by a black prosecutor, found no credible basis for Beauchamp's claim that 14 people took part in <mask>'s abduction and murder. He was angry with the finding. David and Juan worked on the reading materials for the Eyes on the Prize documentary and were critical of Beauchamp for taking attention away from other cold cases. Carolyn Bryant Donham was not found guilty by the grand jury. The FBI and grand jury did not find any evidence that Henry Lee Loggins was involved in the crime.Beauchamp didn't name any of the people he said were involved. The first highway marker was defaced with "KKK" and completely covered with black paint. Markers were erected at the sites of <mask>'s lynching. The marker at the "River Spot" where <mask>'s body was found was torn down in 2008. Over the next few years, the sign received more than 100 bullet holes. In July, a replacement was vandalized by bullets. Three University of Mississippi students were suspended from their frat after posing in front of a bullet-ridden marker with guns and uploading a photo to social media.It is not clear if the students shot the sign or posed before it. There were four signs erected in 2019. It is made of steel and is said to be impervious. Timothy Tyson released details of a 2008 interview with Carolyn Bryant. He claimed that she admitted during the interview that she had made up parts of her testimony. Bryant said that part of her testimony that she had grabbed her around her waist and uttered obscenities was not true, according to Tyson. Bryant's testimony was thrown out by the judge at the trial, but the spectators heard it from the jury.Bryant's testimony was wanted by the defense in case of a conviction. Bryant said in the 2008 interview that she couldn't remember the events that happened between her and <mask> in the grocery store. Nothing that boy did could ever justify what happened to him. Tyson said that Carolyn was frightened of her husband and that Roy Bryant had been abusive towards her. Tyson believed Carolyn embellished her testimony. Bryant said that Milam was "domineering and brutal and not a kind man". Bryant's admission that portions of her testimony were false is a reminder of how black lives were sacrificed to white lies in places like Mississippi.It raises anew the question of why no one was brought to justice in the most notorious racially motivated murder of the 20th century, despite an extensive investigation by the F.B.I. "I was hoping that one day she would admit it, so it matters to me that she did, and it gives me some satisfaction," Wheeler said in the New York Times. A lot of black people lost their lives because of the word of a white person against a black person. It shows what black people went through. The US Department of Justice stated in a report to Congress that it was reopening the investigation into <mask>'s death due to new information. Tyson's tape-recording of the interview did not show the'recanting' claim he made. Tyson said that the part is not on tape because he was setting up the recorder.Marsha Bryant, Donham's daughter-in-law, said her mother-in-law never recanted. Tyson provided a handwritten note to back up his claim. The US Justice Department closed its investigation in December of 2021. Influence on civil rights <mask>'s case attracted widespread attention because of the brutality of the lynching, the victim's young age, and the acquittal of the two men who later admitted killing him. It was an example of the injustice suffered by blacks in the South. In 1955 The Chicago Defender urged its readers to vote in large numbers in order to counter the disenfranchisement of most blacks in Mississippi by the white-dominated legislature. Myrlie Evers, the widow of Medgar Evers, said in 1985 that the <mask> case "shook the foundations of Mississippi, both black and white."The NAACP asked Mamie <mask> to tour the country to tell the story of her son's life and death. The NAACP had never done a campaign like this before. Clenora Hudson-Weems characterizes <mask> as a "sacrificial lamb" for civil rights, and journalist Louis Lomax acknowledges <mask>'s death to be the start of what he terms the "negro revolt". Amzie Moore considers the Civil Rights movement to have started in Mississippi. The Eyes on the Prize begins with the murder of <mask> <mask>. The Civil Rights movement's major figures and events are explored in the Eyes on the Prize and Voices of Freedom series. As a result of the attention to <mask>'s death and the trial received,Rosa Parks attended a rally for <mask> in Montgomery, led by Martin Luther King Jr.She refused to give up her seat on the bus to the white passenger. A year-long grassroots boycott of the public bus system was sparked by the incident. The goal of the boycott was to change the city's policies. Parks said she couldn't go back when she didn't get up and move to the rear of the bus. The coverage of the integration of Little Rock Central High School in 1957 was especially profound for younger blacks, according to author Clayborne Carson. After seeing pictures of <mask>'s body in Louisville, Kentucky, young Cassius Clay and a friend took out their frustration by vandalizing a local railyard, causing a locomotive engine to derail. Fannie Lou Hamer was jailed and beaten for trying to register to vote.She led a voter registration drive in the Delta region and volunteers worked on Freedom Summer throughout the state. More than 250 black people were registered to vote in three Delta counties before 1954. Blacks made up 42% of the total population. In the summer of 2010, the number of registered voters in those three counties dropped. Fourteen Mississippi counties had no black voters by the end of 1955. The Mississippi Freedom Summer of 1964 registered 63,000 black voters in a simplified process and they formed their own political party because they were closed out of the Democratic Regulars in Mississippi. A statue of lynching victim lynching victim lynching victim lynching victim lynching victim lynching victim lynching victim lynching victim lynching victim lynching victim lynching victim lynching victim lynching victim lynching victim lynching victim lynching victim lynching victim lynching victim lynching victim lynching victim lynching victim lynching victim lynching victim lynching victim lynching victim lynching victim lynching victim lynchingIn 1984 a section of 71st Street in Chicago was named "<mask> <mask> Road" and in 2005 the 71st street bridge was named in his honor. The granite sculpture of the Civil Rights Memorial in Montgomery, Alabama has the names of forty people who died in the Civil Rights movement listed as martyrs. On the 35th anniversary of the march over the Edmund Pettus Bridge, a demonstration for <mask> was held in 2000. His mother, Mamie <mask> Till Memorial Highway" was dedicated in 2006 so that his body could be taken to the train station and returned to his mother in Chicago. The H.C. "Clarence" Strider Memorial Highway intersects it. In 2007, the Emmett Till Memorial Commission apologized to <mask>'s family at an event attended by 400 people. The citizens of Tallahatchie County recognize that the <mask> case was a terrible injustice. We regret the failure to pursue justice. We would like to apologize to the family of <mask> <mask> for what happened in this community.John Lewis sponsored a bill to provide a plan for investigating and prosecuting Civil Rights-era murders. The Unsolved Civil Rights Crime Act was signed into law. In 2008 a memorial plaque that was erected in Tallahatchie County next to the Tallahatchie River at Graball Landing was stolen and never recovered. The plaque was frequently vandalised. Vandals had to leave the way to get to the location because it is in a remote area and down a gravel road. The sign that replaced it was also shot up. A sign costing over $10,000 was installed in October.A group of white supremacists were caught on camera making a propaganda video in front of a sign. The group had a white flag with a black cross. The group scattered when they set off the alarms. The 1955 trial of <mask>'s killers was the site of the Tallahatchie County Courthouse. The community center is located across the street at the Emmett Till Interpretive Center. The website and app commemorate <mask>'s death and life. There are 51 sites in the Mississippi Delta associated with him.The Center held a 60th anniversary event. The <mask> <mask> archives were created by the Florida State University Libraries. The starship named after <mask> was introduced in a film about the television series Star Trek: Deep Space Nine. Roberts Temple Church of God in Christ, the site of <mask>'s funeral, was named one of America's most important historic places by the National Trust for Historic Preservation in 2020. The Congressional Gold medal was voted on by the U.S. Senate and forwarded to the U.S. House of Representatives. The Department of Justice exhumed <mask>'s remains in 2005 to conduct an autopsy and confirm his identity. The state reburial law required that <mask> be reburied in a new casket.His original glass-topped casket was found in a dilapidated storage shed. The interior fabric was torn and the casket was discolored. The glass top was intact and there was evidence that animals had been living in it. The casket was acquired by the National Museum of African American History and Culture. In his October 1, 1955 column in The Chicago Defender, Langston Hughes dedicated a poem to lynching victim lynching victim lynching victim lynching victim lynching victim lynching victim lynching victim lynching victim lynching victim lynching victim lynching victim lynching victim lynching victim lynching victim lynching victim lynching victim lynching victim lynching victim lynching victim lynching victim lynching It was published all over the country and continued to be changed by different writers. Faulkner wrote two essays on <mask>, one before the trial in which he pleaded for American unity and the other after, a piece titled "On Fear." Faulkner was a prominent white Mississippi native who often focused on racial issues.He questioned why the tenets of segregation were based on irrational reasoning. "Noon on Doomsday" was written by Rod Serling and was a 1957 television episode. He was interested in how quickly Mississippi whites supported Bryant. White Citizens' Councils vowed to boycott U.S. Steel because the script did not say that the murder victim was black. The episode bore little resemblance to the <mask> case. The poem "A Bronzeville Mother loiters in Mississippi" was written by Gwendolyn Brooks. A Mississippi Mother Burns bacon.In To Kill a Mockingbird, a white attorney defends a black man who is accused of raping a white woman. Lee never commented on why she wrote about Robinson. The similarities between <mask>'s case and that of Robinson were noted by Patrick Chura. Blues for Mister Charlie was based on the <mask> case. He said that the murder of <mask> had been bothering him for a long time. In her book, Coming of Age in Mississippi, Anne Moody states that she learned to hate during the fall of 1955. "Afterimages" is a poem by Audre Lorde that focuses on the perspective of a black woman after the murder of Carolyn Bryant.Campbell's 1992 novel centers on the events of <mask>'s death. In the novel Song of Solomon, the author mentions <mask>'s death and later wrote a play about his life and death. The play is a feminist look at the roles of men and women in black society, which she was inspired to write while considering "time through the eyes of one person who could come back to life and seek vengeance". "My Name is <mask> <mask>" is a song on the album Hard Bargain. According to Christopher Metress, <mask> is often used as a symbol of evil in literature, causing the white people of Mississippi to question their involvement in it. The book Mississippi Trials, 1955 is a fictionalized account of <mask>'s death. The song "Hell You Talmbout" by Mone invokes the names of African-American people who died as a result of encounters with law enforcement or racial violence.Dana Schutz painted a work based on photographs of <mask> in his coffin as well as on an account by <mask>'s mother of seeing him after his death. The Murder and the Movement: The Story of the Murder of <mask> <mask> was produced by Anna Vasser and aired on WMAQ-TV in Chicago. There are non-fiction books on <mask>. "The Death of <mask> <mask>" was written by A. C. Bilbrew and was recorded by The Ramparts and Red River Dave. "Too Many Martyrs" was written by Phil Ochs, who also wrote "The Death of Emmett Till" and "Emmett's Ghost". "Emmett Till" is a poem by James Emanuel Wolf Whistle. An imaginary conversation between <mask> and Anne Frank, both killed as young teenagers because of racial persecution, is the subject of a play.The painting Gathering of Waters is on display at the Mississippi Civil Rights Museum. The film, August 28: A Day in the Life of a People, tells of six significant events in African-American history that happened on the same day. There are events depicted of <mask>'s lynching. The film dramatizes <mask>'s uncle waiting for his killers. The film was nominated for an Academy Award. A version of <mask>, portrayed by Rhyan Hill, is a recurring character in the series. "Jig-A-Bobo" recreates <mask>'s funeral in Chicago.There are references to the Federal Bureau of Investigation in the gallery. There is a report of investigation concerning elmett till. October 2011. There is a murder story in the original 1955 Jet magazine. The book "6–9, and <mask> <mask>'s Legacy 50 Years Later" was published in 2005. "A Wallet, a White Woman, and a Whistle: Fact and Fiction in <mask> <mask>'s Encounter in Money, Mississippi" is an NPR piece. Carolyn Bryant testified at the trial of Roy Bryant.The story of <mask> <mask>, who was murdered by Jim Crow. The life of Mrs.Rosa Parks was turbulent. 1955 murders in the United States African-American history of Mississippi Burials in Illinois Deaths by beating is the subject of a 2006 FBI investigation and

masks:
Till
Till
Till Mobley
Till
Till Mobley
Till Mobley
Till
Emmett
Till
Till
Till
Emmett
Louis Till
Emmett
Till
Till
Till Mobley
Till
Till
Till
Till
Till
Till
Till
Till
Till
Till Bradley
Till
Till
Emmett
Till
Till
Till
Till
Emmett
Till
Till
Till Mobleymett
Till
Till
Emmett
Till
Till
Till
Emmett
Till
Till
Till
Till
Till
Till
Till
Till
Till
Till
Till
Till
Emmett
Till
Till
Till
Till
Till
Emmett
Till
Till
Emmett
Till
Till
Till
Till
Till
Till
Emmett
Till
Emmett
Till
Emmett
Till


title: Rob Bell (Virginia politician)

texts: <mask> III is an American politician. He is a member of the Virginia House of Delegates. <mask> tried to get the Republican nomination for Attorney General of Virginia. <mask> was born in Palo Alto, California in 1967. <mask> began working for ICE full-time as an editor in 1988 after working as a convention volunteer and part-time intern for Iron Crown Enterprises. The Hero System was licensed by ICE. <mask> wrote the book and coordinated a volunteer effort with dozens of gaming groups to give feedback on the Hero System in the fourth edition of the game.<mask> left ICE in 1990. <mask> was a state prosecutor in Orange County for five years. He continued to take criminal defense matters after entering politics. <mask> was elected to the Virginia House of Delegates in 2001, representing the 58th district in the Virginia Piedmont, including parts of Fluvanna and Rockingham Counties. Thomas Jefferson held <mask>'s seat. <mask> voted in favor of a bill in 2012 that required all women to have a transvaginalogram prior to having an abortion, except in cases of rape and incest. <mask>, as the bill's patron, delayed a vote on the bill, which passed the next day, after hundreds of people participated in a silent protest outside the Virginia state capitol.On March 1, 2012 <mask> voted in favor of an amended version of the bill that required women to have a transabdominal ultrasound prior to an abortion if written consent for a transvaginalultrasound is not obtained, and if the physician deems it impossible to determine fetal age through the prescribed means. <mask> voted against the definition of birth control for the purposes of the regulation of medicine, as contraceptive methods that are approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, and for the purposes of Title 18. <mask> was the primary sponsor of a bill requiring police to inquire into the citizenship of anyone arrested, regardless of criminal charges. The bill was criticized by civil rights organizations. <mask> supported the "Tebow Bill", which would allow homeschooled students to participate in public school sports teams and other extracurricular activities. <mask> voted against the development of community schools where parents and children can receive aid from social services. <mask> voted against establishing scholarships and support for descendants of enslaved people to empower them out of the cycle of poverty.<mask> voted against allowing civil action against an employer that knowingly misclassified an employee as an independent contractor to avoid paying for labor. <mask> voted against the legislation that allowed local government employees to form unions. In 2020, <mask> voted against the legislation that prohibited discrimination, public accommodations, employment, credit, and housing: causes of action, sexual orientation and gender identity. During a special session in 2021, <mask> voted against a bill that stated that a person's sexual orientation and identity does not provide a proper defense to a capital murder charge. <mask> is the chairman of the Virginia State Crime Commission. <mask> proposed legislation in 2006 to bar violent sex offenders from school property, following public outrage over a convicted sex offenders serving as a Santa Claus at an elementary school. He wanted to expand the ban to include school buses and school-affiliated events.<mask> proposed legislation in 2008 that would have required school administrators to screen job applicants for a history of child abuse convictions in Virginia and other states. <mask> sponsored a constitutional amendment to reform property rights in Virginia. In 2005, the US Supreme Court upheld the right of the government to seize property for economic development. The amendment was approved by the Virginia General Assembly in 2011. The proposed amendment was placed on the November 6, 2012 ballot as a statewide referendum. <mask> announced on December 6, 2011, that he was running for Attorney General of Virginia. State Senator Mark Obenshain won the nomination over <mask> at a statewide convention.On December 3, 2015, <mask> announced that he would run again for the Republican nomination for Attorney General and that he would oust incumbent Mark Herring. On November 21, 2016 <mask> abruptly announced that he was ending his campaign because his children, one of whom has special needs, were facing "new challenges" and stated, "Despite my best efforts, it has become clear to me that I can't possibly fulfill my responsibilities as a parent He said that he would run for re-election to his House seat and that he would return donations made to his attorney general campaign. There are links to electoral history at Vote Smart.

masks:
Robert Bernard Bell
Bell
Bell
Bell
Bell
Bell
Bell
Bell
Bell
Bell
Bell
Bell
Bell
Bell
Bell
Bell
Bell
Bell
Bell
Rob Bell
Bell
Bell
Bell
Bell
Bell
Bell
Bell
Bell
Bell


title: Carl Furillo

masks:
Carl Anthony Furillo
Furillo
Furillo
Furillo
Furillo
Furillo
Furillo
Furillo
Furillo
Furillo
Furillo
Carl Furillo


title: Amaro Macedo

texts: The best-known collector of the Brazilian cerrado plant species of the 20th century was a Brazilian botanist named <mask>. He lived in Minas Gerais, Brazil. He started his collection when he was a teacher. In the states of Minas Gerais, Gois, Maranho and Par, he collected most of his plant material. At the time part of the state of Gois, he collected in the regions of the villages of Natividade, Porto Nacional and Filadelfia. Plants from his collection can be found in Brazil and outside. Some of the plants he collected are new species and some were named for him.<mask>, the son of a farmer from the Tringulo Mineiro in the State of Minas Gerais, was married to a man. The couple had four daughters. He attended primary school in Ituiutaba and secondary school in Campanha, Minas Gerais. He was a student at the UFV, Minas Gerais, as a technician in agriculture. He moved to Ituiutaba in 1935 to teach primary school classes. He was teaching mathematics, sciences and technical design in the secondary school. When his brother-in-law was on leave, he was responsible for the administration of the Instituto Marden.The Colegio Santa Tereza is a Roman Catholic school run by nuns in Ituiutaba. Since most of his students were sons of farmers from the region, he had to teach them the scientific names of common plant species, as well as the Latin names of the plants that were growing on their farms. He decided to have field classes with his students because he had to study to learn this subject. He asked for help in collecting and preparing plant specimen in Brazil. In the States of Minas Gerais, Gois, Maranho and Par, he collected most of his plant material. At the time part of the State of Gois, he collected in the villages of Natividade, Porto Nacional, and Filadelfia. On May 3, 1943, his first plant specimen was collected.He wrote diaries of his travels in which he described the plants, the environment, the villages, the customs of the people, the food, the transport, the rivers and so on. He started a new life as a farmer after retiring from teaching. He was collecting material in the farm when he was struck by a branch. He was completely blind in his left eye. He was mentioned in the British Museum of Natural History for his work with the Brazilian flora. He received a medal from the Brazilian government for his services to the Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden. He kept an exchange of correspondence with Brazilian botanists, such as Oswaldo Handro and Carlos de Toledo Rizzini.He was in contact with Carlos M.D.E. outside of Brazil. Legrand and Parodi are from Uruguay. Plants from his collection are all over Brazil. He donated a herbarium of 1,723 plant specimen in 1963. Some of the plants he collected are considered new species and some are named after him. There are new species collected by Macedo Acanthaceae. Ditassa maranhensis is a member of the Asclepiadaceae family.Smith Compositae Gochnatia barrosii is a member of the Connaraceae. Smith has a new species dedicated to the Acanthaceae. It was Jard. There is a Bot. Rio de Janeiro 8; 358, 1948 Aspidiaceae Polybotrya Brade. Buli. There is a person named Bromeliad Soe.Dyckia macedoi L.B.Sm. was founded in 1958. The Arch. There is a Bot. So Paulo is a Latin word. The Compositae Mikania macedoi G.M. Barroso was published in 1952. It was Jard. There is a Bot.Vernonia macedoi G.M. Barroso was Arch. It was Jard. There is a Bot. Rio de Janeiro 13: 9, 1954. The 1984 Convolvulaceae Ipomoea is referred to as Arq. There is a Bot. In 1950, the Dryopteridaceae Polybotrya macedoi Brade was found in So Paolo.Soc. There is a Bot. Brasil 168, 1967, Leguminosae–Caesalpinioideae. Barneby is a word. There is a New York Bot. Gard, 30; 136, 1978 Chamaecrista macedoi (H.S.Irwin & Barneby) H.S.Irwin & Barneby. There is a New York Bot.There is a Gard. Leguminosae–Mimosoideae, Leguminosae–Papilionoideae Arachis, Leguminosae–Mimosoideae, Leguminosae–Mimosoideae, Leguminosae–Mimosoideae W.C. Greg. R.S. Cowan is a member of the Malpighiaceae. J.Wash. Acad. There is a science. 55: 199, 1955 C. E. Anderson.There is a Univ. The person is from Michigan. 17: 10, 1990 Malvaceae. Kurtziana 2:196, 1965, Melastomataceae Macairea mace Brade. It was Jard. There is a Bot. Microlica amaroi Brade was held in Rio de Janeiro.It was Jard. There is a Bot. Microlicia macedoi L.B.Sm. was located in Rio de Janeiro. They were from the J.Wash. Acad. There is a science. 200 years ago, Tococa macedoi Brade was Arch. It was Jard.There is a Bot. Rio de Janeiro 16: 32, 1959 Myrtaceae Eugenia macedoi Mattos & D.Legrand. Mus. Hist. Nat. In 1962, there was a publication of Psidium macedoi Kausel, and in 1971 there was a publication of the same name. There is a science.1955 Onagraceae Pelozia Krapov. Cristbal was a member of the Opiliaceae Agonandra macedoi Toledo. There is a Bot. So Paulo is in Brazil. 3:13 was published in 1952 by the J.A.N.Bat. The two of them. On Novon 16 and 17 of 2006 there was an event.Bol. Inst. There is a Bot. (So Paolo) 3:189 in 1966. It's Boi. Inst. There is a Bot.M.KessIer and Brade are from So Paolo. A.R.Sm. Candollea 60: 281, 2005 Polypodium Brade. It was Jard. There is a Bot. The Rubiaceae Galianthe macedoi E.L.Cabral was found in Rio de Janeiro in 1951. Ser.There is a Bot. Vepris macedoi (Exell &.) was published in 1973. W.Mziray is from Mendona. There is a Bot. It was upsal. Vellozia macedonis Woodson was found in 1992. There is a Missouri Bot.There is a Gard. Stachytarpheta macedonis Rizzini is from the Viscaceae Phoradendron. The last visit was in July of 2009. The Etymological Dictionary of Grasses was written by H. T. and Bostock. Springer Berlin, 2007. Maria do Carmo and Gil e <mask>. The solitrio do cerrado is located in Cotia, Brazil.The Jornal do Pontal was published in 2009. The last visit was in July of 2009. Entrega de Ttulos Emociona Convidados is called Jusbrasil. Last visit was on 2009-07-17. There are Brazilian centenarians who have died in the last year.

masks:
Amaro Macedo
Macedo
Macedo