title: Mubarak Begum

texts: An Indian vocalist who sang in the Hindi and Urdu languages was named <mask>. She sang in Bollywood films during the 1950s and 1960s. She had recorded and given public performances in a number of genres. All India Radio is India's national public radio station. In 1949, she began her career as a singer. Nashad was the composer who gave Begum her first break. She recorded the first song for a film.She sang a duet with Lata in the film. She had a song composed for the film Hamari Yaad Aayegi. The total number of films where <mask> <mask>'s songs have appeared is 115. List of songs recorded by <mask> <mask> is a complete list of her songs. She was the mother of two children, a son and a daughter, and she was married to a man from her own community. She lived with her son, daughter-in-law and granddaughter after her husband and daughter died. <mask> was a well-known singer, but she wasn't able to take advantage of her talents.She didn't have the "networking" skills that are so important in careers in the entertainment industry, and her career remained dull as a result. She wasn't as skilled in business matters as a competent singer. She wasn't able to save much money because of her day-to-day expenses and generosity. She said in a 2016 interview that she liked the singer from Pakistan. <mask>'s health took a serious downturn after his daughter died of Parkinson's disease. The press reported in May 2016 that her family were unable to pay her medical bills. She lived in a one-bedroom apartment in a suburb of Mumbai with her family.She received a pension from her late husband's employer. This pension was reported by Indian news channel NDTV to be Rs.800 per month and by Indian newspaper DNA to be Rs.3000/- per month, both figures are woefully inadequate for a person's sustenance. <mask> was dependent on her son who worked as a chauffeur and was cared for by her daughter-in-law. Zarina Hussain Shaikh told the press that the only person from the Hindi film industry who was helping the family financially was actor Salman Khan. He had been paying the full cost of medicine for the elderly <mask>. The singer consoled her after the death of her daughter. In June 2016 a minister in the Maharashtra government stepped in to help a family.He asked a charitable trust run by people close to him to help and INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals On July 18, 2016 <mask> <mask> passed away after a long illness. References External links 'Leading singers stifled my voice', The Tribune newspaper.

masks:
Mubarak Begum
Mubarak
Begum
Mubarak
Begum
Begum
Begum
Begum
Begum
Mubarak
Begum


title: Paul Dickson (writer)

type: paraphrased

texts: There are more than 65 non-fiction books written by <mask>, mostly on American English language, history, and popular culture. He is a founding member and former president of Washington Independent Writers. The term "word word" was invented by <mask>. The Washington Post has described his work as baseball's answer to William Safire. He appeared on the Tonight Show in May 1979 to promote his book The Official Rules, which detailed the history of Murphy's Law and similar aphorisms. They shared the same sayings that they enjoyed. <mask> was born in New York and was the son of William A<mask>.The president of the Manhattan Savings Bank was his father. His mother worked at the Dyckman Andrus Memorial Children's Home. The Riverdale Country School is a private school in the Bronx. He graduated from the university in 1961. He worked on the aircraft carrier Franklin D. Roosevelt. After a brief stint on Wall Street and a public relations position, <mask> is good at describing the work and very good at capturing the special, and the review in the Boston Globe said the book "throws the spotlight on this new multi-billion dollar business that is transforming America and may even be serving as a kind of secret The Great American Ice Cream Book, The Mature Person's Guide to Kites, Frisbees, Yo-Yos, and Other Childlike Diversions, and The Future of Work were written in the 1970s. Various aspects of the English language were covered in magazine articles. Government acronyms, country music lyrics, and a look at the "poetry" of speeches that appeared in the Congressional Record are topics. In the 1980s he wrote or compiled language-oriented books on topics such as popular maxims and credos, names, family words, and, as described in the subtitle of one of his books A Connoisseur's Collection of Old and New, Weird and wonderful, Useful and Outland "<mask>'s dictionary does more than define the terms and phrases of the game; many of his 5000 definitions provide etymological descriptions and contending theories, context notes, external uses of the term, and its 'earliest' appearance," wrote Library Journal in a review.Baseball history, language, and other topics have been written about by <mask>. The Rise of the G.I. is his most recent book. America forged a powerful army before Pearl Harbor. There are books that think tanks. Ballantine Books was published in 1971. There is a book about ice cream. Atheneum Books was published in 1973.There is an electronic battlefield. The Indiana University Press was published in 1976. A cook's tour of military food. The New American Library was built in 1978. The Official Rules is a collection of laws, principles and instructions for dealing with the real world. Delacorte Press was published in 1978. The new rules are official.September 1990. Slang! There is a Dictionary of Contemporary American Lingoes. 1990. It was updated and expanded in 1998. The Word Treasury is a collection of old and new words. The revised edition was published in March 1992.What is in a name? Reflections of a name collector. October 1996. What to call people from Abilene to Zimbabwe? The word "mermaid" was used in 1997. Collins was re-issued in 2006 There is a new baseball dictionary.February 15, 1999 is when Harvest Books was published. The Bonus Army was written by Thomas Allen. Walker & Company was founded on December 1, 2004. There is a dictionary of Americanisms. Walker & Company was founded in October of 2006 The shock of the century was Sputnik. Walker & Company was founded in June of 2007.There is a baseball dictionary. W. W.Norton & Company was founded in March of 2009. There is a baseball dictionary. W. W.Norton & Company was founded in June of 2011. Ben Lando is the author of War Slang: American Fighting Words and Phrases Since the Civil War. There is a publication in Mineola, NY. Baseball's greatest maverick is Bill Veeck.April 24, 2012 at Walker & Company. Words from the White House were popularized by America's Presidents. January 8, 2013). Words are written by writers. April 22, 2014). America did not fare well when it wasn't supposed to. The Melville House was built in 2015.Baseball's Prodigal Son is written by Leo Durocher. The United States of America, 2017: Bloomsbury USA. The rise of the G.I. America forged a powerful army before Pearl Harbor. The Bonus Army at the Pritzker Military Museum & Library is an interview with an American humorist.

masks:
Paul Dickson
Dickson
Paul Andrew Dickson
. Dickson Jr
DicksonDickson
Dickson
Dickson


title: Billie Jean King

texts: <mask> was born on November 22, 1943. A tennis player. <mask> won 39 Grand Slam titles, 12 in singles, 16 in women's doubles, and 11 in mixed doubles. She was a member of the United States in the Federation Cup. She was a member of the victorious United States team. She was the United States' captain for three years. <mask> has been a pioneer for equality and social justice.She won the "Battle of the Sexes" tennis match at 29 years old. She founded the Women's Tennis Association and the Women's Sports Foundation. She served on the board of Philip Morris, the parent company of Virginia Slims, after persuading them to sponsor women's tennis in the 1970s. The International Tennis Hall of Fame named <mask> one of the greatest women's tennis players of all time. She received the Fed Cup Award of excellence. She was one of the Time Persons of the Year in 1975, after she and John Wooden were joint winners of the Sports Illustrated sportsman of the year award. She received the Sunday Times Sportswoman of the Year lifetime achievement award.She was named to the National Women's Hall of Fame in 1990 and the National Tennis Center in New York City was renamed in 2006 after her. She won the Lifetime Achievement Award from the British Broadcasting Corporation. <mask> is the shortest tennis player to ever win a grand slam. The daughter of Betty Jerman, a housewife, and Bill Moffitt, a firefighter, was born to a conservative Methodist family in Long Beach, California. Her family DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch Randy Moffitt was 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 She excelled at both baseball and softball when she was a child, playing on a team with girls 4–5 years older than her.The team won the Long Beach softball championship. She switched from softball to tennis because her parents wanted her to play a more feminine sport. She saved her own money to buy her first racket. She went with a school friend to take her first tennis lesson on the many free public courts in Long Beach, taking advantage of the free lessons offered by a professional who worked for the City of Long Beach. One of the city's tennis facilities has been named after a person. She was hindered by her aggressive playing style as a child. Bob Martin wrote about her success in a weekly tennis column.One of <mask>'s first conflicts with the tennis establishments and status-quo came in her youth, when she was forbidden from being in a group picture at a tournament because she was wearing tennis shorts. Bob Richards, a two-time Olympic pole-vaulting champion, was the minister at the Church of the Brethren. Richards asked <mask> what she was going to do with her life when she was 13 or 14. She said that she would be the best tennis player in the world. <mask> was a student at Long Beach Polytechnic High School. She attended California State University, Los Angeles after graduating from Los Angeles State College. She left school in 1964 to focus on tennis.She met <mask> in a library while attending Cal State. The pair got married in Long Beach on September 17, 1965, after they became engaged while still in school. The French Open win of <mask> in 1972 made her the fifth woman in tennis history to win the singles titles at all four Grand Slam events. She won a Grand Slam in mixed doubles. The Australian Open was the only one she could not win in women's doubles. <mask> won a record 20 Wimbledon titles, six in singles, 10 in women's doubles, and four in mixed doubles. From 1959 to 1983, <mask> played 51 Grand Slam singles events, reaching at least the semi-finals in 27 and at least the quarterfinals in 40 of them.<mask> was runner-up in six Grand Slam singles events. Her career record in third sets that were tied 5–5 before being resolved was an indicator of her mental strength. Her career prize money was more than US $1 million and she won more than 130 singles titles. She was a member of the United States team that won the Federation Cup seven times. She had a career win–loss record of 52–4. She played 30 matches in the last 30 days and won all of them. She won her last nine matches and her career win–loss record was 22–4.The United States won the cup ten times. <mask> was 5–1 against Ann Haydon-Jones, 4–0 against Virginia Wade, and 1–1 against Christine Truman Janes. Frank Brennan, who had won 18 Grand Slam titles as a player, was one of the new coaches that <mask> <mask> began working with. She made her Grand Slam debut at the age of 15. She lost in the first round. She started playing tennis at local, regional, and international tournaments. She is one of the most promising youngsters on the West Coast.At the 1960 Philadelphia and District Grass Court Championships, she won her first tournament. <mask> lost to a South African in the third round of the U.S. Championships. She lost in the final of the National Girls' 18 and Under Championships. Her tennis ranking went from 19 in 1959 to 4 in 1960. Marble terminated her professional relationship with <mask> due to <mask>'s ambition. The Long Beach Tennis Patrons, the Century Club, and Harold Guiver raised $2,000 to send <mask> to Wimbledon in 1961. She won the women's doubles title with Karen Hantze.<mask> and Hantze were the youngest team to win the Wimbledon Doubles Title. <mask> lost to Yola Ramrez Ochoa in a two-day match on Centre Court at Wimbledon in 1961. Despite the performances. She didn't get a sports scholarship when she attended Los Angeles State. "<mask> Jean <mask>", The Wall Street Journal, August 14, 2021. Margaret Court was upset by <mask> in the 1962 Wimbledon singles tournament. This was the first time in Wimbledon history that the women's top seed had lost her first match.<mask> and Hantze won a second time at Wimbledon. Margaret Court faced <mask> at Wimbledon in 1963. Court prevailed in the finals. <mask> lost to Margaret Court in the Wimbledon semi-finals in 1964, but won four relatively minor titles. She lost to Court in the final of the Federation Cup after defeating Ann Haydon-Jones. Nancy Richey Gunter upset third-seeded <mask> in the quarterfinals at the U.S. Championships. <mask> made a full-time commitment to tennis late in the year.While a history major at Los Angeles State College <mask> made the decision to play full-time when businessman Robert Mitchell offered to pay her way to Australia so that she could train under the great Australian coach Mervyn Rose. <mask> lost in the final of the New South Wales Championships and in the third round of the Victorian Championships while he was in Australia. In 1965, <mask> continued her tour of Australia. She lost in the first round of the Western Australia Championships. The United States defeated the United Kingdom in the second round of the Fed Cup after she defeated Ann Haydon-Jones. Margaret Court defeated her in the final. She lost to Court in the semi-finals of the Australian Championships.She lost in the semi-finals at Wimbledon for the second year in a row. Her last tournament of the year was the U.S. Championships, where she defeated Jones in the quarterfinals. <mask> was two points from winning the first set and had two set points in the second set, but lost to Court in straight sets. She said that the match proved to her that she was good enough to be the best in the world. I'm going to win Wimbledon next year. She won six tournaments. For the first time in 81 years, the annual convention of the United States Lawn Tennis Association overruled its ranking committee's recommendation to award her the sole U.S. No.59,810 voted to rank Nancy Richey Gunter and <mask> as co-U.S. No. 1. Six of <mask>'s Grand Slam singles titles were at Wimbledon, four were at the U.S. Championships/Open, and one was at the Australian Championships. <mask> reached the final of a Grand Slam singles tournament in 16 out of 25 attempts and had a 12–4 win–loss record in those finals. She was a losing semifinalist twice and a losing quarter finalist five times. She won seven of the ten Grand Slam singles tournaments she played. She won the last seven Grand Slam singles finals, six of them in straight sets and four of them against Goolagong.She won most of her Grand Slam singles titles on grass. Margaret Court had a better Grand Slam record from 1966 through 1975 than <mask> did. One or both of these women played in 35 of the 40 Grand Slam singles tournaments and won 24 of them. Court won 31 of her 64 Grand Slam titles, including 12 of her 24 Grand Slam singles titles, 11 of her 19 Grand Slam women's doubles titles, and eight of her 21 Grand Slam mixed doubles titles. Court reached the final of a Grand Slam singles tournament in 14 out of 25 attempts and had a 12–2 win–loss record. Court won seven of the 12 Grand Slam finals she played against <mask> in, including 2–1 in singles finals, 4–1 in women's doubles finals, and 1–3 in mixed doubles finals. <mask> was the world's top ranked person.From 1966 to 1975 it was 1 in six. She was the top ranked woman in the world at the end of the year. 2 in three of those years. There were 3 in the other year. During this period, <mask> won 97 of her 129 singles titles and was the runner-up in 36 other tournaments. In 1966 <mask> defeated Dodo Cheney for the first time in five career matches, winning their semi-final at the Southern California Championships 6–0, 6–3. <mask> defeated Margaret Court in the final of the South African Tennis Championships to end her losing streak.She won the women's singles in the tournament. <mask> defeated Virginia Wade and Ann Haydon-Jones at the Wightman Cup. After thirteen unsuccessful attempts to win a Grand Slam singles title from 1959 through <mask> at the age of 22 finally won the first of her six singles titles at Wimbledon and the first of twelve Grand Slam singles titles overall. <mask> credited her forehand down the line for her victory. The strategy for playing Court is simple. Put the ball back at her feet. An ill <mask> was knocked out in the second round of the U.S. Championships.<mask> successfully defended her title at the South African Tennis Championships in 1967. She fell in the quarterfinals of the French Championships to Annette Van Zyl DuPlooy of South Africa. <mask> won all four of her matches at the Federation Cup, including victories over DuPlooy and Ann Haydon-Jones. <mask> won her second consecutive Wimbledon singles title by defeating Virginia Wade in the quarterfinals. <mask> defeated Wade and Jones again. <mask> won her second Grand Slam singles title of the year when she won the U.S. Championships for the first time and without losing a set. <mask> prevailed after Jones pulled her left hamstring and saved four match points in the second set.<mask> is the first woman since 1939 to win the singles, women's doubles, and mixed doubles titles at Wimbledon and the U.S. Championships in the same year. In December, <mask> returned to the Australian summer tour for the first time since 1965, playing seven events and winning four of their matches. <mask> injured her left knee in the second game of the third set of the New South Wales Championships quarterfinals and lost to Dalton. The Victorian Championships were won by <mask> in the last three rounds. <mask> won all three of her singles and doubles matches to help the U.S. defeat Australia. <mask> lost to Dalton in the final of the South Australian Championships. <mask> won three tournaments in a row to end her tour.<mask> defeated Margaret Court in the final of the Western Australia Championships. <mask> defeated Judy Tegart- Dalton in the final to win the title. <mask> won the Australian Championships for the first time, defeating Dalton in the semi-finals and Court in the final. <mask> won three indoor tournaments before Nancy Richey Gunter defeated her in the semi-finals of the Madison Square Garden Challenge Trophy amateur tournament in New York City before 10,233 spectators. <mask> won 9 of the next 10 games after Gunter took a 4–2 lead in the first set. <mask> served for the match at 5–1 and had a match point at 5–3 in the second set, but she lost the final 12 games and the match. <mask> lost to Haydon-Jones in the final of a professional tournament at Madison Square Garden.Playing the French Open for the second time in her career and attempting to win four consecutive Grand Slam singles titles, <mask> lost to Gunter in the semi-finals. <mask> won her third consecutive Wimbledon singles title by defeating Jones in the semi-finals. <mask> lost to Virginia Wade in the final of the US Open. She didn't play in tournaments the rest of the year because she had surgery on her knee. It took eight months for <mask>'s knee to recover from the surgery. <mask> said in 1977 that her doctors predicted in 1968 that she would only be able to play tennis for

masks:
Billie Jean King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
Larry King
Career King
King
King
King
King
Billie Jean
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
Billie
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King
King


title: Billie Jean King

texts: two more years. <mask> participated in the Australian summer tour for the second year in a row.<mask> did not win a tournament. She lost in the semifinals of the New South Wales Championships. At the Australian Open, <mask> defeated Goolagong in the second round, but lost to Court in the final. <mask> lost in the semifinals of the New Zealand Championships. <mask> won the Pacific Coast Pro and the Los Angeles Pro after returning to the US. <mask> won two tournaments in South Africa. <mask> lost in the quarterfinals of both the Italian Open and the French Open during the European summer clay court season.At the Wills Open in Bristol, <mask> defeated Virginia Wade in the semi-finals before losing to Court. At Wimbledon, <mask> lost only 13 points while defeating Rosemary Casals in the semi-finals 6–1, 6–0; however, Jones upset <mask> in the final and prevented <mask> from winning her fourth consecutive singles title there. <mask> defeated Wade for the second time in her career to win the Irish Open. <mask> lost in the quarterfinals of the US Open to Nancy Richey Gunter. <mask> didn't win a Grand Slam singles title for the first time in 50 years. <mask> won titles at the Pacific Southwest Open in Los Angeles and the Stockholm Indoors. It has been a bad year for her.I have a tennis elbow that has been bothering me for seven months. I think I will have a big year in 1970. I feel like a kid again. Margaret Court won all four Grand Slam singles tournaments in 1970. 1. <mask> lost to Court three times in the first four months of the year. <mask> defeated her in both Australia and South Africa.Court dominated at the Grand Slam tournaments. The Australian Open was not played by <mask>. <mask> was knocked out of the French Open in the quarterfinals by Helga Niessen Masthoff of West Germany. In one of the greatest women's finals in the history of the tournament, Court needed seven match points to defeat <mask>. <mask> missed the US Open because of her knee surgery. In September, <mask> lost in the first round at the Virginia Slims Invitation in Houston and in the semifinals at the Pacific Coast Championships in Berkeley, California. <mask> won the Embassy Indoor Tennis Championships in London and the Virginia Slims Invitation in November.<mask> warmed-up for the French Open by playing in Monte Carlo, winning the Italian Open, and losing to Virginia Wade in the quarterfinals. <mask>'s first clay court title was the Italian Open. She defeated Masthoff in a three-set quarterfinal and Wade in a three-set semi-final, saving two match points in the second set. The twelfth game of that set had 21 deuces and lasted 22 minutes, with Wade saving seven set points and holding 16 game points before <mask> won. <mask> defeated Wade and Ann Haydon-Jones in straight sets in the Wightman Cup competition two weeks before Wimbledon. <mask> only won one Grand Slam singles title in 1971 but this was the best year of her career in terms of tournaments won. She played in 31 singles tournaments and had a 112–13 win–loss record.She won eight of the first thirteen tournaments she played and defeated Rosemary Casals in seven finals. <mask> lost five times to Franoise Drr, Casals, Ann Haydon-Jones, and Chris Evert. After splitting the first two sets, <mask> decided to retire from the match because of leg problems. <mask> admitted that the retirement was caused by the abortion. <mask> lost to Christine Truman Janes in the second round of the tournament in Hurlingham, United Kingdom. <mask> won the German Open on clay. <mask> played Margaret Court for the first time in 1971, losing their final at the Queen's Club tournament.<mask> defeated Janes in the fourth round before losing to Goolagong in the semi-finals at Wimbledon. Two weeks after Wimbledon, <mask> won the grass court tournament in Hoylake, United Kingdom, beating Virginia Wade, Court, and Casals in the last three rounds. She returned to the United States after playing two clay court tournaments in Europe. <mask> won the Houston tournament and the U.S. Women's Clay Court Championships. <mask> won the US Open without losing a set, defeating Evert in the semi-finals and Casals in the final. <mask> won the tournaments in Louisville, Phoenix, and London. The United States Lawn Tennis Association fined both <mask> and Casals US$2,500 for failing to remove a lineswoman in the final of the Pacific Southwest Open in Los Angeles in September.<mask> did not win any of the two tournaments he played in New Zealand. She lost in both Durr and Auckland. <mask> didn't play the Australian Open in 1972 because she was nearby when she played in New Zealand. <mask> said that he was at the top of his powers. I'm pretty sure I could have won the Grand Slam in 1972, but I didn't want to miss any Virginia Slims tournaments. I was playing. Her dominance was aided by Margaret Court's absence from the tour due to giving birth.<mask> didn't win a single tournament at the beginning of the year. She won the title in San Francisco. <mask> lost in Long Beach to Franoise Drr, although she claimed in her 1982 autobiography that she intentionally lost the match because of an argument with her husband. In Oklahoma City, Washington, D.C., and Dallas, the results were not consistent. <mask> lost in the semi-finals of the tournament in San Juan a week after he won the title. This was followed by a loss in the Jacksonville final to Marie Neumannova Pinterova. <mask> won six tournaments in a row.She won two tournaments. <mask> completed a career Grand Slam by winning the French Open. Goolagong defeated Virginia Wade in the final. <mask> won the Wimbledon warm-up tournaments in Bristol andNottingham and then won Wimbledon for the fourth time. She lost to Wade in the quarterfinals. Straight set wins over Rosemary Casals and Goolagong followed. <mask> did not win any of the three tournaments she played before the US Open, including a straight sets loss to Margaret Court in Newport.<mask> won the US Open without losing a set, including a win over Wade in the quarterfinals and a win over Court in the semifinals. <mask> finished the year with victories in Charlotte and Phoenix, a runner-up finish in Oakland, and a semifinal loss to Evert at the year-end championship. Margaret Court failed to win only Wimbledon, but she did win three Grand Slam singles titles. This was her first full season since winning the Grand Slam in 1970, as she missed significant portions of 1971 and 1972 due to childbirth. <mask> started the year inconsistently. She missed the first three Virginia Slims tournaments because of a wrist injury. She won the Virginia Slims of Indianapolis tournament but lost in the third round to Rosemary Casals.<mask> saved at least three match points in the second set when he was down 5–4 (40–0) to end Court's winning streak. Detroit, Boston, Chicago, Jacksonville, and the inaugural Family Circle Cup were all tournaments that <mask> failed to win. <mask> lost to Court in two tournaments. <mask> won four tournaments in a row, including her fifth Wimbledon singles title, after she decided not to defend her French Open singles title. <mask> whitewashed Evert in the first set of their final. <mask> became the first player in the Open Era to complete the Triple Crown at Wimbledon, winning the singles, women's doubles, and mixed doubles titles in the same year. <mask> did not play Court in the preceding tournaments.Court won for the third time in four matches against <mask> in the final of the Virginia Slims of Nashville tournament. This was the last ever singles match between those players, with Court winning 21 and <mask> 13 of their 34 matches. Three weeks later at the US Open, <mask> retired from her fourth-round match with Julie Heldman while ill and suffering from the oppressive heat and humidity. <mask> told Heldman if he wanted the match that badly, he could have it. The Battle of the Sexes match was held in the middle of a tournament. After winning her first and second round matches, <mask> lost to Casals in the semifinals on the same day she defeated Riggs. <mask> said he had nothing left to give.<mask> won tournaments in Phoenix, Hawaii, and Tokyo and was the runner-up in Baltimore. King won $100,000 in the Battle of the Sexes. He was 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 He won the Wimbledon men's singles title in 1939. There was one male tennis player. He became a tennis "hustler" who played in promotional challenge matches. He claimed that the women's game was so inferior to the men's game that even a 55 year old like himself could beat the current top female players.<mask> accepted a lucrative offer to play him for $100,000, winner-take-all. The Battle of the Sexes took place at the Houston Astrodome in Texas in 1973. The match received a lot of publicity. In front of 30,492 spectators and a television audience estimated at 50 million people (U.S.), and 90 million in 37 countries, 29-year-old King beat the 55-year-old Riggs 6–4, 6–3, 6–3. The match is seen as a significant event in the advancement of women's tennis. If I didn't win that match, it would set us back 50 years. It would ruin the women's tour and affect all women's self-esteem.A lot of new people were exposed to tennis. <mask> won five of the first seven tournaments. She won the Virginia Slims of San Francisco, defeating Nancy Richey Gunter in the semi-finals and Chris Evert in the final. <mask> defeated Gunter in the semi-finals but lost to Evert in the final. <mask> lost a semi-final match to Virginia Wade in Chicago after winning tournaments in Fairfax, Virginia and Detroit. <mask> defeated Evert in the final of the U.S. Indoor Championships and also defeated Gunter in the final of the Akron, Ohio tournament. At Philadelphia in the final and at Wimbledon in the quarterfinals, Morozova defeated <mask>.<mask> didn't play a tour match until the US Open, where she won her fourth singles title and third in the last four years. She defeated Rosemary Casals in a straight sets quarterfinals, avenged her previous year's loss to Julie Heldman in the semifinals, and narrowly defeated Evonne Goolagong in the final. <mask> lost to Heldman in the semi-finals of the tournament, Wade in the semi-finals of the tournament, and Goolagong in the semi-finals of the tournament. <mask> retired from tournament singles competition immediately after winning her sixth Wimbledon singles title in 1975, as she only played singles half the year. She defeated Franoise Drr and Virginia Wade before losing to Chris Evert in the final. <mask> defeated Evert in the final of the Florida tournament. After the final, which was her thirteenth career match with <mask>, Evert said, "I think that's the best that <mask> has ever played."They kept coming back at me after I hit some great shots. <mask> said that he probably played well because he had to. Creativity comes out of frustration. Right? Wade defeated <mask> in the Philadelphia tournament two months later. <mask> lost to Evert in the final of the Austin, Texas tournament in April. As <mask> was serving for the match at 6–5 in the third set, a disputed line call went in Evert's favor.<mask> said after the match that she had never been angry about a match and that she was cheated out of the match. <mask> played only one of the Wimbledon warm-up tournaments, losing to Wade in the final. <mask> defeated seventh seed Morozova in the quarterfinals and then top seed Evert in the semi-finals after being down 3–0 (40–15) in the final set. Evert blamed her semifinal defeat on a loss of concentration when she saw Jimmy and Susan in Centre Court. <mask> believes that the match turned around because she was prepared for Wimbledon and told herself when she was on the verge of defeat. You paid the price. For the first time, you looked ahead.You're supposed to win. Get your bahoola ready. <mask> defeated Goolagong Cawley in the most one-sided women's final in Wimbledon history. <mask> said to the news media that she was never coming back. <mask> only played in doubles and mixed doubles from January to September because she only played five Federation Cup singles matches in August. She and Phil Dent won the mixed doubles title at the US Open. She lost to Dianne Fromholtz Balestrat in both of the singles tournaments she played.<mask> said he wasted 1976. After watching Chris Evert play in the Wimbledon final, I wondered what I was doing. <mask> had knee surgery for the third time on November 9, this time on her right knee, and did not play the rest of the year. <mask> had surgery on her right knee in November 1976. The Women's Tennis Association had the right to grant a wild card entry to <mask> for the Virginia Slims Championships. Margaret Court failed to qualify for the tournament because she did not play enough Virginia Slims tournaments. The spot left in the draw was filled by Mima Jauovec.The Lionel Cup tournament was 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780

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title: Billie Jean King

texts: 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 The women's tennis tour criticized <mask>'s decision because of Richards's unresolved and highly controversial status. "All of the women should stick together until Richards's status is resolved," Evert said. "<mask> is a bad girl," Navratilova said. She made a bad decision. She's angry because she couldn't get what she wanted. Stve said that <mask> could've played with a lot of men around here.She didn't have to choose a bad tournament. The draw in San Antonio called for <mask> to play Richards in the semi-finals, but Richards lost in the quarterfinals. <mask> won the tournament. <mask> played for the last time against Nancy Richey in the first round at the Family Circle Cup in March. <mask> won by a score of 0–6, 7–6, 6–2. She defeated Virginia Ruzici in the second round before losing to Evert in the final. <mask> defeated Maria Bueno in the third round at Wimbledon.In the quarterfinals, Evert defeated <mask> for the first time at a Grand Slam singles tournament and for the first time on grass. <mask> said that it was the best match Evert had ever played on grass. Don't forget knees, ankles, toes, everything else. She played tennis. I don't think many players would beat her today. "Maybe I can be happy being number eight instead of number one," <mask> said after the match. At this point, just playing, that's enough for me."Retire?" <mask> asked when asked about retirement. Is it time to quit tournament tennis? You have to be kidding. I have a lot more work to do. I have to make myself match tough. I have to kill myself for the next six months. It takes a long time.I will suffer. I will be back. It was the first time in the history of Wimbledon that <mask> did not reach a final, and that was in 1977. She had played in the final of one of the three championship events for women every year since 1961. As the Wimbledon champion with the most titles in its history, the event was celebrating its 100th anniversary and <mask> failed to make a final for the first time. She did not feature in a final in 1980 and 1982. <mask> was a semi-finalist in at least one Wimbledon event every year.At the US Open, Evert defeated <mask> again, this time on the clay court. <mask> said he needed to get it together by October or November. I will have to make some big decisions. I can't just change my game because I'm not 20-years-old. I haven't been in knee pain in the last four weeks. I shouldn't play if I keep using that as a copout. <mask> lost to Evert, Balestrat, and Tyler in the remainder of the year.<mask> won five of the eight tournaments she entered. She beat Virginia Wade twice and defeated Navratilova four times. <mask> played seven weeks in a row. She lost to From Balestrat in the semi-finals in Atlanta and to Tyler in the second round. She won three hard court tournaments in a row. She lost only four points to Wendy Turnbull in the third set of the final to win in Phoenix. She defeated Navratilova, Fromholtz Balestrat, and Stve to win in So Paulo the next week.She won in San Juan in the third week. In November, Evert ended <mask>'s winning streak in the final of the Colgate Series Championships. <mask> beat Wade to win the Bremar Cup in London, then defeated Navratilova to win the tournament in Japan. <mask> has never had a run like this before, even when he was Wimbledon champion. I feel better at 34 than I did when I was 24. <mask> limited herself to doubles after Wimbledon in the first half of 1978. <mask> was the runner-up in Houston and Kansas City and the loser in Philadelphia.At the Virginia Slims Championships, <mask> suffered a leg injury in her first match and was unable to compete in the rest of the tournament. For the second year in a row, <mask> lost to Evert in the Wimbledon quarterfinals because of a foot injury. The match was on the verge of being over before Evert broke serve in the third set. <mask> only won two points in the last two games. "I need to beat her because I don't think my mobility is very good," <mask> said after the match. Unless you can stay with her, she tears your guts apart. I'm really disappointed.I wanted to play well. I couldn't cut it because of my foot. <mask> and her partner lost in the mixed doubles final. <mask> and Navratilova won the women's doubles title at the US Open, <mask>'s fourth women's doubles title at that tournament and fourteenth Grand Slam women's doubles title overall. As the U.S. won the Federation Cup in Australia, <mask> was perfect in five doubles matches with Evert and Rosemary Casals. She and Tracy Austin won the best of seven rubbers in the 1978 Wightman Cup against Great Britain, despite the US losing the Cup. During the Federation Cup competition, <mask> said that she was sick and tired of the surgery she was having to get fit for the major singles events.<mask> had foot surgery on December 22 in order to return to the tennis tour. <mask> had surgery on her left foot in December 1978 and only played one event during the first half of 1979. <mask> competed at the Wimbledon warm-up tournament. She defeated the reigning Wimbledon champion, Martina Navratilova, in a 48 minute quarter final before losing to her opponent in the semi-finals. <mask> defeated Hana Mandlkov in the fourth round before losing to Tracy Austin in the quarterfinals. <mask> and Navratilova won the 20th and final Wimbledon title, breaking Elizabeth Ryan's longstanding record of 19 Wimbledon titles, just one day after Ryan collapsed and died at Wimbledon. At the US Open, the ninth-seeded <mask> reached the quarterfinals without dropping a set, where she upset the fourth-seeded Virginia Wade.Next up was a semi-final match with the four-time defending champion and top-seeded Chris Evert; however, with <mask> hampered by a neck injury sustained during a bear hug with a friend the day before the match, Evert won 6–1, 6–0, including the This was Evert's eighth consecutive win over <mask>, with Evert during those matches losing only one set and 31 games and winning four 6–0 sets. After the match, Evert said, "Psychologically, I feel very confident when I play her." In Tokyo, <mask> won her first singles title in almost two years, defeating Goolagong Cawley in the final. <mask> defeated Betty Stve in the final after Stve lost her concentration in the third set. <mask> led 6–5 in the third set but lost to Navratilova 7–5 in the semi-finals. She lost in the first round of the Australian Open, the second round of the Australian Open, and the semi-finals of the Tokyo 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020 800-361-3020<mask> ended Navratilova's winning streak in the straight-set final of the Houston tournament. <mask> defeated Virginia Wade in the first round of the competition. King was 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 King played the French Open for the first time since 1972 and lost to Tracy Austin in the semi-finals. She lost in the quarterfinals to a fifth-seeded Australian. At Wimbledon, King defeated Pam Shriver in a two-hour, forty minute fourth round match after King saved a match point in the second set and recovered from a 4–2 (40–0) deficit in the third set with Shriver serving. King lost to two-time defending champion and top-seeded Navratilova in a quarterfinals that took two days to complete.The start of the match was delayed because of the rain. <mask> agreed to start the match if tournament officials stopped the match if the rain resumed. The chair umpire refused to suspend the match because of the rain in the first set. The umpire agreed to the suspension after Navratilova came back to win the set. <mask> won 20 of the first 23 points to take a 5–0 lead in the second set and lost a total of seven points while winning the set in 17 minutes. In the third set, Navratilova broke serve to take a 2–0 lead before <mask> broke back twice and eventually served for the match at 6–5. <mask> hit four volley errors that allowed Navratilova to break serve.<mask> saved six match points while serving at 6–7 and 7–8. <mask>'s glasses broke for the first time in her career during the change-over between games. They didn't feel the same even though she had a spare pair. <mask> saved two match points. <mask> said that he could have won that match if he hadn't had bad eyes. <mask> and Navratilova won their 39th and final Grand Slam title at the US Open. Navratilova refused to talk to <mask> about the change she made to her doubles partner.She confronted Navratilova in the spring of 1981 and asked if she was too old. Navratilova wouldn't talk about it. <mask> had a minor knee surgery in San Francisco. In 1982, <mask> won the Wimbledon warm-up tournament, her first singles title in more than two years. <mask> was the twelfth seed at Wimbledon. <mask> was down 7–5, 5–4 (40–0) before the South African protested that <mask>'s apparent winner was not up. <mask> saved two match points to win the second set and the third set.<mask> said in her press conference that she couldn't remember the last time she was so close to defeat. I told myself, "You have been here 21 years, so use that experience and hang on." <mask> upset the sixth-seeded Australian in the fourth round. The oldest female semi-finalist at Wimbledon since 1920 was <mask>, who upset third-seeded Tracy Austin in the quarterfinals. This was <mask>'s first victory over Austin after five losses and they reversed the result of their 1979 Wimbledon quarterfinals. <mask> said in her press conference that when she was 2–0 in the third set, the '2' seemed to be getting bigger and bigger. I was tired and didn't have anything left when I was up 2–0 at the same stage.I felt better today. The second-seeded Chris Evert defeated <mask> on her fifth match point in the semi-finals, which was <mask>'s 250th career match at Wimbledon in singles, women's doubles, and mixed doubles. <mask> was 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 King lost the match in the first set because she failed to convert break points in the second and fourth games. King was ranked 14 in the world by the end of 1982. In 1983, she reached the semi-finals at Wimbledon after defeating Kathy Jordan in the quarterfinals, seventh-seeded Wendy Turnbull in the fourth round, and Rosemary Casals in the third round. King refused a towel from an attendant just before her match with Jaeger because she was not going to sweat and she had defeated a favorite of hers.At the age of 39 years, 7 months and 23 days, <mask> became the oldest player in the world to win a singles tournament. <mask>'s tally of 20 Wimbledon titles remained even after they lost in the Mixed Doubles final. <mask> didn't play singles at the US Open, but she did play in the Women's Doubles and Mixed Doubles, reaching the semi-finals and losing in the second round. <mask>'s last official singles match was a second round loss to Catherine Tanvier at the 1983 Australian Open. <mask> played doubles occasionally from 1984 to 1990. They withdrew from the Wimbledon Mixed Doubles 1984 before the tournament began. She stopped playing doubles in March 1990.At the Virginia Slims of Florida tournament, <mask> and her partner lost a second round match to a couple of people. <mask> became the coach of the women's Olympic tennis squad and captain of the United States Fed Cup team. She helped Lindsay Davenport and Mary Joe Fernndez win Olympic gold medals. In 2002, <mask> dismissed Capriati from the Fed Cup team, saying that he had violated rules that forbade bringing along and practicing with personal coaches. Many people were in favor of <mask>'s decision, but others felt the punishment was too harsh, especially when Monica Seles and Lisa Raymond were defeated by lower ranked Austrians. Zina Garrison took over as Fed Cup captain. Before the start of the open era in 1968, <mask> earned US$100 a week as a playground instructor and student at California State University, Los Angeles when not playing in major tennis tournaments.In 1967, <mask> criticized the

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title: Billie Jean King

texts: USLTA's practice of "shamateurism", where top players were paid under the table to guarantee their entry into tournaments, in a series of press conferences. <mask> argued that the game was corrupt. <mask> was a force in the opening of tennis. When the open era began, <mask> advocated for equal prize money in the men's and women's games. The idea to form a nine player women's group was created by <mask> with the help of Gladys Heldman and the sponsorship of Virginia Slims. <mask> was the first woman athlete to earn over US$100,000 in prize money. The men's champion of the US Open received US$15,000 more than <mask>.She said she wouldn't play next year if the prize money wasn't equal. The first major tournament to offer equal prize money was the US Open in 1973. The Virginia Slims, founded by Gladys Heldman and funded by Philip Morris, were the first professional women's tennis tour. Even though many of the other top players were against the tour, <mask> worked hard to promote it. For three years, we had two tours because of their governments, and they had to play the other tour. They allowed us to do the work and they weren't nice to us. We played for the money, if you look at the old quotes, they played for the love of the game.I wonder why we were all playing together when we got money. I didn't want to get upset with them. Forgiveness is important. Our job was to win them over with one voice. <mask> was the first President of the Women's Tennis Association. The Women's Sports Foundation was started in 1974 by her and husband <mask>. World TeamTennis was founded in 1974 by <mask>, Dennis Murphy, Frank Barman and Jordan Kaiser.She was the major owner in 1984. <mask> is a member of the Board of Trustees for the Sports Museum of America. There is a women's sports hall of fame and exhibit at the museum. World Team Tennis was founded in 1974 by <mask>'s husband, Larry, along with Dennis Murphy, Jordan Kaiser, and Fred Barman. The couple used their savings to put on a tennis event. <mask> remained involved with World Team Tennis for decades, eventually sharing ownership with her ex-husband, her life partner and the United States Tennis Association. <mask> sold her majority stake in the league to Mark Ein and Fred Luddy.WTT had been running continuously for over 40 years, based on her philosophy for gender equality. <mask> was criticized by anti-tobacco groups for being on the board of directors of Philip Morris. She no longer does that. The Women's Sports Foundation was founded by <mask>. <mask>'s book Pressure is a Privilege: Lessons I've Learned from Life and the Battle of the Sexes was published in 2008. President Barack Obama appointed <mask> and Cahow to represent the United States at the Winter Olympics in Russia. This has been seen as a signal on gay rights in the context of the Winter Olympics in Russia.<mask> had to leave the delegation due to her mother's health issues. <mask>'s mother died on the day of the Winter Olympics opening ceremonies. The graduation address will be delivered by <mask> on June 16, 2017, in Evanston, Illinois. She was a guest of Emma Stone at the Golden Globe Awards. In September of last year, <mask> and Kloss became minority owners of the Los Angeles Dodgers baseball team. They became part of the ownership group of Angel City FC in October 2020. Margaret Court, who won more Grand Slam titles than anyone else, said that <mask> was the greatest competitor she had ever known.Chris Evert, winner of 18 Grand Slam singles titles, said, "She's the wisest human being that I've ever met and has vision people can only dream about." I have been given advice about my tennis and boyfriends by my mentor, <mask> <mask>. How to raise children and dealing with my parents. She doesn't have anything. In 1979 several top players were asked who they would pick to help them recover from a hypothetical deficit of 5–1 (15–40) in the third set of a match on Wimbledon's Centre Court. Franoise Drr picked <mask>. I would have to pick her.For one big occasion, one big match, one crucial point, yes, it would have to be <mask>. Casals said, "No matter how far down you got her, you never could be sure of beating her." <mask> was the Associated Press Female Athlete of the Year in 1967. <mask> was the first tennis player to be named Sports Illustrated's sportsman of the year. She was the first female athlete to receive that honor. In 1975, Seventeen magazine found that <mask> was the most admired woman in the world. Golda Meir was Israel's prime minister until the previous year.Frank Deford wrote an article about how <mask> had become a sex symbol. In 1987 <mask> was in the International Tennis Hall of Fame. She was named one of the 100 most important Americans of the 20th century by Life magazine in 1990. The Arthur Ashe Courage Award was given to <mask> in 1999. <mask> was a member of the Chicago Gay and Lesbian Hall of Fame. <mask> received an award from GLAAD in 2000 for furthering the visibility and inclusion of the community in her work. She received the Philippe Chatrier Award from the International Tennis Federation in 2003 for her contributions to tennis both on and off the court.The Women's Sports Foundation started sponsoring the Billie Awards, which were hosted by <mask>. On August 28, 2006 the USTA National Tennis Center was rededicated as the USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center. The speakers at the rededication ceremony were John McEnroe, Venus Williams, Jimmy Connors, and Chris Evert. The California Hall of Fame is located at The California Museum for History, Women, and the Arts. The Sunday Times Sports Women of the Year Lifetime Achievement award was presented to <mask> on November 20, 2007, for her contribution to sport both on and off the court. She was included in a map of historical sites dedicated to important women after she was honored by the Manhattan Borough President. On August 12, 2009, President Barack Obama awarded <mask> the Presidential Medal of Freedom for her work advocating for the rights of women and the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and trans community.On August 5, 2011, she was in the Southern California Tennis Hall of Fame. <mask> was a member of the first class of the National Gay and Lesbian Sports Hall of Fame. She was named one of the Impact 25. <mask> was shown in a magazine. <mask> received a Lifetime Achievement Award from the British Broadcasting Corporation. It was presented to <mask> by her friend and fellow tennis player, Sue Barker, who was the first American woman to win the award. The <mask> Jean King Sports Complex is located at Cal State LA.The California State University Board of Trustees approved the sports complex on September 21. <mask> learned to play tennis on the public courts of Long Beach, California, and was coached by a tennis teacher. She was at the Los Angeles Tennis Club. Chris Evert said that <mask>'s weakness was her impatience. <mask> said in a 1984 interview that Julie Heldman, who frequently played <mask> but never felt close to her, said about <mask>'s personality. New Year's Day 1975, the song became a number one hit. The creator of the Peanuts comic strip used the strip to support the women's sports movement after becoming friends with <mask>.Holly Hunter played <mask> in a 2001 ABC television film. <mask> played a judge on Law & Order in 2007, and also appeared on The Odd Couple in 1973, The L Word in 2006 and Fresh Off the Boat in 2016 The Le Tigre song "Hot Topic" has <mask>'s name in it. In Battle of the Sexes, Emma Stone played <mask>. The Ted Tinling-designed dress <mask> wore for the Battle of the Sexes match is in a museum. On September 17, 1965, <mask> and <mask> were married in Long Beach, California. Larry introduced her to feminism and pushed her to become a tennis player.When they married, she said she was in love with Larry. <mask> realized she was attracted to women. She had an intimate relationship with her secretary, Marilyn Barnett. Marilyn Barnett was living in a Malibu house. The Kings asked Barnett to leave, but he refused. Barnett kept records and receipts between the two that she kept over the years, and she threatened to leak them if she wasn't allowed to leave the house. Credit card receipts and paid bills were included in the receipts.When the attempts to leak these records failed, Marilyn Barnett sued the Kings for half their income and the house where she had been staying. When a reporter from the Los Angeles Times asked her about the lawsuit, she didn't know anything. She denied the relationship because she didn't want to confirm it. In 1981 a palimony lawsuit was filed by Barnett, which led to the first prominent female professional athlete coming out. She called it a mistake and a fling because she couldn't admit to the extent of the relationship. She was married to Larry. The lawsuit forced her to prolong her tennis career and caused her to lose $2 million in endorsements.In December 1981 a court order mandated that Barnett leave the house, and that her threats to publish private correspondence between her and <mask> in exchange for money came close to extortion. In November 1982, Barnett's palimony suit was thrown out because she had no case against Mrs <mask> and Larry. In March 1983, <mask>'s house was destroyed during a series of freak winter storms that lashed the southern California coastline. In 1971 <mask> had an abortion that was made public. The abortion was revealed by Larry without her knowledge. The personal cost of concealing her sexuality for so long was discussed by <mask>. After she fell in love with her doubles partner, Ilana Kloss, the marriage ended.Even after her outing, <mask> and <mask> remained close to each other. <mask> lives in New York City and Chicago with Kloss. <mask> and Kloss were married in a secret ceremony by a former New York City Mayor. She is a vegetarian. The First Women's Bank in Chicago will have an advisor in the form of <mask>. The Australian Open was held twice in 1977 in January and December. There are all-time tennis records for women's singles, women's doubles, and women's singles.The 2012 edition of the Greenwood Press. 1. Ware, Susan. The game is about the Revolution in Women's Sports. The University of North Carolina Press. A study of the tennis player, liberal feminism, and Title IX combines biography and history. The New-York Historical Society gave birth to American female tennis players, American feminists, and Angel City FC owners.1 tennis

masks:
King
King
King
Larry King
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King
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Larry King
Larry King
King
King
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King
King
King
King
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Billie Jean
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Billie Jean
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Billy Jean
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Billie
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Larry King
Billie Jean
King
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Billie Jean
Larry King
Billie Jean
King
King
Billie Jean


title: John Law (artist)

texts: <mask> is an American artist, culture-jammer, and co- founder of the Cacophony Society. He is a co- founder of Burning Man. Zone trip 4, a.k.a. The spirit of the Cacophony Society led to the creation of Black Rock City, which merged with another Cacophony event on the Black Rock desert in Nevada. <mask> has lived in San Francisco since 1976. <mask> has worked as a neon contractor for many years. His neon artistic projects have included re-configuring the neon of a Camel cigarette billboard to say "Am I dead yet" as part of the Billboard Liberation Front, underwater neon art as part of Desert Siteworks at Trego Hot Springs in the Black Rock Desert, and neon illumination of theHe was responsible for maintaining the neon of the Tribune Tower. <mask> owns and maintains three of the 12 remaining Doggie Diner heads, which were located above the restaurants of a small fast food chain in San Francisco and Oakland. The dog heads were featured in a 2003 movie called "Head Trip" that featured a cross-country trip with the Doggie Diner heads, ending in a show by Cyclecide at CBGB in New York City. The Suicide Club was the first urban exploration <mask> participated in. He has climbed the Golden Gate Bridge many times. <mask> is one of the early members of the Cacophony Society, a Culture jamming group with open membership, which was inspired in part by his earlier participation in the Suicide Club, which was in turn influenced by dadaists and situationists. Cacophony Society started in San Francisco, California, but eventually spread to most major cities in the US.Some people claim that the Cacophony Society no longer exists. "Tales of the San Francisco Cacophony Society" was co-authored by <mask>, Kevin Evans and Carrie Galbraith. Larry Harvey, Jerry James and a few friends met on Baker Beach in San Francisco in 1986 and burned a tall wooden man and a smaller wooden dog. In 1990 a separate event was planned by Kevin Evans and <mask> on the remote and largely unknown dry lake known as Black Rock Desert. It was conceived as a dadaist temporary zone with sculpture to be burned and situationist performance art. <mask> was a founding member of Cacophony Society and was asked to take on central organizing functions. Zone No was announced in the Cacophony Society's newsletter.The 1955 film of the same name was inspired by A Bad Day at Black Rock. The beach burn was stopped by the park police for not having a permit. After striking a deal to raise the Man but not burn it, event organizers disassembled the effigy and returned it to the empty lot where it had been built. When the lot was leased as a parking lot, the legs and torso of the Man were chain-sawed. The effigy was reconstructed by Dan Miller, Harvey's housemate for many years, just in time to take it to Zone Trip No. 4. A group unfamiliar with the environment of the dry lake would be helped by knowledgeable persons to ensure they did not get lost in the deep dry lake and risk dehydration and death.The Danger Ranger created the Black Rock Rangers. <mask> and Mikel organized a fellowship based on Evans' idea and Harvey and James' symbolic man. "The Temple of the Three Guys" was the name of the group of people who owned the name and trademark. The idea and design of installing neon on the Man at Burning Man was created by <mask>, a neon sculptor and artist. At an event which at that time had no streets, street signs, fences, or any other artificially imposed boundaries, and which took place in the virtually featureless deep playa, it was very easy to lose one's bearings or misjudge distances and wind up stranded alone. The early years of the festival allowed driving throughout the city but eventually curbed the practice back to art cars. The symbol of the Burning Man, which had been added to the desert event later and was not part of its initial inception, became more and more identified with the event, in part because with the addition of the neon it was always universally visible, becoming the single unchanging reference point psychologically as well<mask> was at Burning Man in 1996 when his friend Michael Furey died in a motorcycle crash and a couple were run over by a driver trying to get to the rave camp. <mask> left in disgust after having disagreements with Larry Harvey about the incidents and other issues. The name and symbol of Burning Man were the subject of a legal battle in 2007. <mask> took legal action to release the name and symbol of the controlling partnership into the public domain. <mask>'s interest was bought out by the current organizers which ended the "Temple of the Three Guys" partnership. "The Space Between" was published in 2009. There are three short stories about bridges."Tales of the San Francisco Cacophony Society" was written by Carrie Galbraith, <mask>, and Kevin Evans. There are external links to <mask> live at The Influencers. Cacophony Society Burning Man Artists from San Francisco were born.

masks:
John Law
Law
Law
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John Law
John Law
John Law
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John Law
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John Law
John Law


title: Henry Hastings Sibley

texts: He was a fur trader with the American Fur Company, the first U.S. Congressional representative for Minnesota Territory, the first governor of the state of Minnesota, and a U.S. military leader in the Dakota War of 1862. Several places are named after him, including a highway, a park, and a county. <mask> was born in Detroit. His father was a native of Massachusetts and a descendant of <mask>, who had migrated from England to America in 1629. Solomon moved to Detroit from Ohio in 1798. He was a respected jurist and a prominent politician. He was the first mayor of Detroit and a delegate to the congress.He served as Chief Justice of the Michigan Territorial Supreme Court after being appointed the first United States Attorney for the Michigan Territory. The Treaty of Chicago was co-signed with representatives of the Odawa, Ojibwe and Potawatomi tribes by Judge <mask>. Sarah Sproat was the only daughter of a distinguished officer in the Continental Army and the granddaughter of a naval officer. Sproat and Whipple received land grants after they lost their fortunes in the American Revolutionary War. Sarah was born in Rhode Island and attended boarding schools in Pennsylvania. She moved to Detroit after she married <mask>. <mask> was the second son of Solomon and Sarah.When <mask> was 18 months old, Fort Detroit was surrounded by British and Indian forces. Solomon was out in the field commanding a company of militia when Sarah and her children were placed inside the fort for safety. Four officers, including her cousin, were killed by a cannonball in the adjoining room, and Mrs. <mask> was found holding baby <mask> in her arms while with her busy hands. The British occupied Detroit after American General William Hull surrendered. The family camped out most of the way after leaving their home with only a few belongings. They returned to Detroit one year after General <mask> Harrison defeated the British in the Battle of the Thames. After graduating from the Academy of Detroit, <mask> was taught Latin and Greek by Reverend Richard Fish Cadle, an Episcopal clergyman and classics scholar.<mask> started studying law around the age of sixteen because his father hoped he would follow in his footsteps. After two years, <mask> confessed to his father that he wanted a more active and stirring life. <mask>'s parents agreed to allow him to pursue a career of his own choosing. <mask><mask> entered the fur trade at the age of seventeen. Marie is a fur trading center on both sides of the border. His first job was at the sutler's store, where he worked as a clerk. He became an agent for the widow of a Scots-Irish fur trader who had died that year.The woman known as Ozhaguscodaywayquay was the daughter of an Ojibwe warrior and the mother of three daughters, including a Native American literary writer. In the spring of 1829, <mask> joined the American Fur Company in Mackinac as a clerk and storekeeper. After working for American Fur Company in the summer of 1830, he signed a five-year contract with the Bank of Michigan in the winter. Robert Stuart sent <mask> back to Detroit in a bark canoe after selecting him to transact important business for the company. Despite a severe storm, damage to the canoe, and news of a cholera outbreak in Detroit which killed his grandmother, <mask> successfully completed the journey and secured several licenses for the American Fur Company from Michigan Territorial Governor George Bryan Porter. In the 18th century, <mask> was required to canvass rural Ohio and Pennsylvania on horseback in the winter in order to buy supplies for the company. In 1834, as American Fur Company founder John Jacob Astor prepared to retire, the company was in the midst of reorganization as a partnership.<mask> asked to be released from his employment contract with Astor, which ran until 1835, one year early. He said that his parents were against his sojourn in what was little better than a wild Indian country and that he had been offered better paying positions at two banks. <mask> had offered to pay US$1,000 to be released from his contract. His counteroffer was to include <mask> as a junior partner in the American Fur Company's newly constituted Western Outfit, along with Jean Joseph Rolette and Hercules L. Dousman, who had been running the company's Upper Mississippi Outfit. The regional manager for fur trade would be based at the mouth of the Minnesota River. The Minnesota Valley was described as a hunter's paradise where "woods abounded with bear, deer and other game animals, and the numerous lakes with aquatic fowl of every variety." In October 1834, <mask> traveled up the Fox River and up to the Wisconsin River via a two-mile trail.He found a small steamboat on the Wisconsin River that took him to Prairie du Chien. After spending several days at the American Fur Company's Western Outfit headquarters in Prairie du Chien, <mask> traveled the rest of the wilderness by horseback. On October 28, 1834, <mask> finally arrived in St. Peters (now known as Mendota, Minnesota), according to his letter to the company president. After his journey to St. Peters, <mask> would take over as head of the company's "Sioux Outfit." The American Fur Company squeezed its small traders dry then dropped them like useless rinds. <mask> took over as head of the American Fur Company's Sioux Outfit at the age of 24. St. Peters is now Mendota.The main store in St. Peters served five nearby Mdewakanton Dakota villages, the "mixed-blood" community around Fort Snelling, and groups of Dakota coming from the Cannon and Cedar River valleys to the southwest. Three distant posts and a third location serving the Sisseton Dakota were staffed by hired clerks. Jean-Baptiste Faribault, the father-in-law of Alexis Bailly, ran a trading post at Little Rapids, while Joseph Renville ran a trading post at Lac qui. <mask> arrived in the fur traders' "frontier" with a sense of adventure, hoping to earn a quick fortune before returning to civilization. It was already difficult for traders to turn a profit through the traditional fur trade. According to American Fur Company records, the fur trade in Minnesota was in its most flourishing condition in the years leading up to 1837. While Joseph Renville and Hazen Mooers had traditionally rewarded loyal Dakota hunters with generous gift-giving and access to credit, <mask> wanted to transform the fur trade into a completely modern business.The traders were told to limit credits to powder, lead and shot. Many Dakota hunters complained about the changes. They couldn't get anything from their traders, not even a flint much less traps and bullets. Hazen Mooers, a fur trader who was popular with Sisseton, Wahpeton and Yankton hunters, was removed from his trading post by Sibley. Mooers was replaced by Joseph R. Brown because he owed money to Rolette and the Western Outfit. Brown was asked to keep an eye on Joseph Renville, a mixed-blood trader who had his own stockade and soldiers' lodge at Lac qui Parle. The decline in the wild animal population meant that more and more hunters were competing for scarcer game and driving herds further north.By 1836, the Sisseton and Wahpeton Dakotas became more protective of their hunting zones, even refusing access to the Mdewakanton Dakota, who had been the hardest hit. The business that relied on collecting furs from the Mdewakantons relied on an emergency trip by <mask> to broker a solution. He threatened to withdraw all American Fur Company men if the Sissetons did not allow the Mdewakanton to hunt there. In order to eliminate potential competition, <mask> secured government contracts for the American Fur Company. Samuel C. Stambaugh, who had been appointed to the post but had no interest in moving there, was in charge of the army sutler's store from 1836 to 1839. By controlling the army sutler's store, the fur traders were confident that they could maintain their local monopoly; otherwise, there would be nothing to stop the Dakota from patronizing the sutler's store. The higher the prices they could charge the Dakota, the less losses the traders would incur.<mask> did not get along with Stambaugh and the sutler's store proved to be a problem. Business was dependent on the number of troops at Fort Snelling. Due to the Second Seminole War in Florida Territory, the garrison was reduced and many soldiers left with no pay. In 1835, <mask> started lobbying for the establishment of a post office at Fort Snelling with regular service from Prairie du Chien, contacting his political connections in Michigan Territory for support. The American Fur Company's Western Outfit won the contract for mail delivery after he succeeded. During the summer, mail was carried by steamboats, but during the winter, it was difficult to deliver the mail on time. The financial panic of 1837 almost resulted in the collapse of the U.S. banking and monetary system.The fur trade in <mask>'s region was no longer as lucrative as it used to be. The previous year's pelts had become worthless because they were still sitting in a New York warehouse. The partners of the American Fur Company were close to financial ruin. In the summer and fall of 1837, the United States government signed three major treaties with the Ojibwe, Dakota and Winnebago tribes, in which they agreed to give up all of their lands east of the Mississippi River. The American Fur Company partners wanted to collect payment from the government to cover a large portion of their business losses, which appeared on their books as "Indian debts." In December 1836, <mask> prevailed.The Treaty with the Ojibwe, also known as the Treaty of St. Peters, was signed by <mask> on July 29, 1836. According to the Ojibwe treaty, Hercules L. Dousman was one of three fur traders to receive debt payments. When the Ojibwe treaty was signed at Fort Snelling, agent Taliaferro moved the negotiations to Washington, D.C. After their departure, a group of traders, including <mask> and Joseph R. Brown, arrived in Washington close behind them. He was in Washington for the first time. When the U.S. government was negotiating with the Dakota, Hercules wrote to <mask>, instructing him to "leave no stone unturned to get something handsome for us." The American Fur Company traders were prevented from entering the room where discussions took place between the Secretary of War, Commissioner Carey A. Harris, and the Mdewakanton chiefs.Alexander Faribault, an American Fur employee and former AFC trader, were only allowed to serve as staff assistants in the meetings. The "Treaty with the Indians" was signed on September 29, 1837, by twenty-one Mdewakanton leaders and representatives of the U.S. government. All their land, east of the Mississippi river, and all their islands in the said river, were given to the United States for $16,000 in cash and goods up front, plus an annual distribution worth up to $40,000 per year. Mixed-blood "relatives and friends" would receive $110,000 up front, and $90,000 would be paid to the traders to settle Mdewakanton debts, a little more than one-third of the debts they had claimed. Faribault and Bailly were so frustrated by the whole treaty that they considered traveling home without the delegation. The paternal regard for the poor Indian is boasted. Where is her blush?Gary Anderson wrote that the traders wanted the government to spend more money. The treaty named Scott Campbell as an annuity recipient with title to part of the land then occupied by <mask>'s trading establishment was struck out by the United States Congress. The Treaty with the Winnebago was signed by <mask> in Washington. $200,000 was set aside for individual compensation and settlement of "debts of the nation" to traders, potentially making the treaty the most lucrative for the American Fur Company. <mask> wrote to his father saying that he hoped to end his relationship with American Fur once his debts were paid, because he was "jubilant" over the terms of the treaty. It took a long time for the treaties to be approved by the U.S. Congress in the midst of an economic depression. Special Commissioners were appointed to look at the books of each person.The American Fur Company had debts that had been incurred before the company reorganized in 1834. The area around the Upper Mississippi and St. Croix Rivers changed quickly before the treaties were signed. Hundreds of timber speculators and squatters began moving into the area, also on land that still belonged to the Dakota, causing Chief Big Thunder Little Crow to complain to Agent Taliaferro that the influx of squatters seemed "hasty" and premature. Many Mdewakanton, convinced that the promised payments and provisions would soon arrive, refused to join the winter hunt and insisted that all past debts to traders had been settled by the treaty. The Mdewakanton said it was not necessary to work for the traders anymore as they would now have plenty to live on. Many eastern Ojibwe and Dakota faced near starvation as the funds and supplies failed to arrive. The American Fur Company traders, including Louis Provencalle, Jr., were killed and Joseph R. Brown was wounded by angry Sisseton and Wahpeton.All trading posts west of Lac qui Parle were closed by Sibley. It would take many more months before the traders and the Native American tribes received their payments after the treaties were finally approved. Hearings on the claims dragged on through the 19th century, mired in scandal and charges of corruption. The partners of the Western Outfit agreed to extend their contract with American Fur Company until August 1, 1841. The American Fur Company sold its interest in the Western Outfit. On September 10, 1842, the American Fur Company declared bankruptcy. The Ojibwe and the Dakota were able to trade freely with Sibley, which was independent of American Fur.When <mask> arrived in St. Peters on October 28, 1834, he was "struck with the picturesque beauty of the scene." He was disappointed to find only a group of log huts occupied by the fur traders and staff, and included an urgent request for new buildings in his first letter. <mask> took over the business after he stayed at the largest log house. The Sibley House Historic site is located in Saint Peters, Minnesota. The oldest stone house in Minnesota is the Sibley House. In 1836, the first new building was a stone warehouse. The actual residence may not have been completed until 1839.Immediately following his marriage to Sarah Jane Steele, <mask> began a series of alterations to his house to accommodate his growing family and transform it from a hunting lodge into a Victorian family home. Joseph Nicollet, a French geographer, spent the winter of 1836–37 with <mask>, who hosted many famous travelers during his bachelor years. Questions have been raised as to whether Joe Robinson was a slave

masks:
Henry Hastings Sibley
John Sibley
Sibley
Solomon Sibley
Henry
Henry
Sibley
Henry
William Henry
Henry
Henry
Henry
Henry
Henry H
. Sibley
Sibley
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Henry Sibley
Sibley
Sibley
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Henry Sibley
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Henry Sibley
Sibley
Sibley
Sibleyro
Henry Sibley
Henry Sibley
Sibley
Sibley
Henry Sibley
Sibley
Henry Sibley
Sibley
Henry Sibley
Sibley


title: Henry Hastings Sibley

texts: or a free man. If Robinson was a slave at this time, he may have been on loan to Hercules L. Dousman. It may seem odd, but it's true that I was a citizen of Michigan, Wisconsin, Iowa, and Minnesota Territories without moving to Mendota. The site of <mask>'s home and the community around it used to be part of the Fort Snelling military reservation. After selling his home in Mendota, <mask> moved to St. Paul.During the winter of 1840–41, <mask> had a relationship with Red Blanket Woman, daughter of Bad Hail, a Mdewakanton sub-chief. 150 Dakota men and their families, as well as mixed-blood fur trader Alexander Faribault, were part of a hunting expedition to the Red Cedar. While the details of their relationship are obscure, most accounts suggest that they were married in the Dakota manner before or during the hunting trip. There is a lot of speculation that Bad Hail tried to establish kinship ties with <mask>. During the winter of 1835–36, an Indian sub-chief brought his daughter to his log house in the middle of the night for protection, according to the final page of his unfinished autobiography. The two visitors left his house "disappointed, and mortified, at the ill success of their mission" after he declined to take her in as his wife. Bruce A. Kohn states that it may have been.<mask> <mask>, also known as Wakiye, was born on August 28, 1841. The daughter of a missionary and a fur trader was christened "Hélne" by a Catholic priest. Forbes sent an update to <mask>, who was in Washington, about Red Blanket Woman and the baby. It's not clear how long Red Blanket Woman lived in the area. According to some sources, Tahshinahohindoway died in early 1843 and remarried a Dakota man. According to trading post records, there were purchases of blankets, clothing and other items as late as 1846. Sarah Jane Steele was the sister of Franklin Steele, anentrepreneur from Pennsylvania who staked the first claim to the east bank of the Mississippi River at Saint Anthony Falls and had operated the sutler's store.Sarah Jane was the daughter of James Steele, who served as Inspector General of Pennsylvania Troops during the War of 1812 and as a legislator in the Pennsylvania General Assembly, and built a paper- and cotton-milling business with one of his brothers. Following the death of their father in 1845, her three sisters moved west with their mother. Saint Paul, Minnesota, was the home of one of the town's first physicians, its first mayor, and a close friend of <mask>. Sarah Jane <mask> was Vice Regent of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association from 1856 until her death in 1869. Mary LeDuc and Rebecca Flandreau were appointed as "lady managers" to help raise money for Mount Vernon's historical preservation. Sarah Jane established a male advisory board that included Daniel A. Robertson and future Republican state legislator John B. Sanborn. Swift.Many of <mask>'s business contacts were on the advisory board, as well as family friends such as John S. Prince and William Gates LeDuc. Sarah Jane was confined to bed for much of the time because of recurring pregnancies. In July of 1859, she sent a letter of resignation to the Regent. <mask> wrote to Cunningham on Sarah's behalf, but his request to allow her to resign due to ill health was ignored. The <mask> family moved to their new home at 417 Woodward Street in St. Paul in 1862, but Sarah was unable to enjoy it due to depression and illness. Sarah Jane was 46 years old when she died of pneumonia on May 21, 1869. Helen was adopted by William Reynolds Brown and his wife Martha when she was six years old.William was a carpenter and Martha was a teacher at the Methodist mission in Kaposia. According to Martha Brown, Helen spoke French when she lived with them. As a young woman living in St. Paul, she was said to be fully acculturated and accepted by white society, with a considerable income. Sarah Jane, <mask>'s wife, was upset by his public relationship with Helen, and <mask>'s past relationship with Helen's mother DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch At his gate, <mask> and Helen were chatting. Helen was one of 33 young women selected to represent the states of the Union in a parade celebrating the laying of the transatlantic cable in September 1858. Miss Delaware was identified by The Daily Minnesotian.Helen was given away by the governor at her wedding in the front parlor of the Brown's house in St. Paul. They agreed that Helen wouldn't use her husband's name on the marriage certificate, but he signed it. As a witness. Helen died less than a year after giving birth to a baby girl who also died. Sawyer wrote that Governor <mask> mourned the loss of his first child, Helen, "sincerely and truly." Augusta Ann was born in 1844, Sarah Jane was born in 1851, Charles Frederic was born in 1860, and Alfred Brush was born in 1866. <mask>, Franklin Steele, Mary Steele, and <mask> all died young.Augusta married Captain Douglas Pope, the former aide-de-camp of <mask>, in 1868. When his wife Sarah died in 1869, <mask> was left with two young sons, including Freddie who was eight years old and Allie who was not yet three. She married a man named Elbert A. Young was a wholesale merchant in Saint Paul. <mask> did not remarry, but his sister-in-law helped to take care of the boys, as well as serving as his hostess and nurse in later years. Augusta moved into her father's house in St. Paul with her three daughters after Douglas Pope died. The fur trade changed a lot after the treaties were signed.In local parlance, it became known as the "Indian trade," reflecting the industry's increasing reliance on U.S. government annuities paid to, or on behalf of, the Native American tribes in the region. The general mercantile trade grew because of the growing white population in the Upper Mississippi. Even as he worked for American Fur Company and later for Pierre Chouteau Jr. and Company, <mask> wanted to expand his business activities into other areas. He never achieved great commercial success as an entrepreneur, and later lamented his desire of success in business. The Ojibwe of St. Croix valley had exclusive rights to cut timber along the Snake and Upper St. Croix rivers. The Ojibwe agreed not to harass lumbermen working for the three traders. Every year for ten years, the traders would give specified goods to the Ojibwe.The White Pine Treaty superseded the contract and led to the construction of a sawmill at Chippewa Falls. The Chippewa Mills went into operation in 1840 but was sold in 1845. In the 1840s, Hercules Dousman became interested in the steamboat industry and bought shares in boats on behalf of <mask> as well as himself. The "Lynx" was a steamboat that was half-owned by Dousman. In 1845, the Lynx netted $11,194.73 after deducting losses due to damage to the boat. Captain John Atchison delayed paying dividends to investors because of delays in collecting payment. Over the course of several months, Dousman put a lot of pressure on <mask> to make a final settlement with Atchison.The packet company with steamboats running on a regular schedule between Galena, Illinois and ports in Minnesota was purchased by a group of people in 1847. The first boat of the company, the "Argo," sank in October 1847, but the new boat, the "Dr. Franklin," launched in 1848. David Faribault was contracted by <mask> to open a general merchandise store in Saint Paul. White settlers paid for goods with fur and deerskins because of the scarcity of cash. <mask> Forbes ran the store from 1847 to 1847. The population of lumbermen and metal prospectors increased east of the Mississippi River. The first general store in Mendota was opened by <mask> and his partner Hypolite Dupuis.Pierre Choteau Jr. and Company formed the Upper Mississippi Outfit after selling the American Fur Company's Western Outfit. The Upper Mississippi Outfits' trade was described as "trade with whites and Indians" in the original contract. <mask> was no longer bound by the American Fur Company's agreement with the British Hudson's Bay Company to refrain from trading along the border with Canada as part of Choteau Company. <mask> shifted his focus to trading buffalo robes in response to market demand. Franklin Steele and Norman Kittson were allowed to conduct trade on a cash basis at Coldwater and up the Minnesota River at Little Rapids, even though this brought them into direct competition with <mask>. The Upper Mississippi Outfit's western business was taken over by Norman Kittson in the spring of 1843. Kittson was tasked with supervising Renville at Lac qui Parle, building a new post at Big Stone Lake, and sending traders along the Sheyenne River and the upper James River.The building of a trading post at Pembina allowed the Upper Mississippi Outfit to trade with the Ojibwe. Many Métis and Ojibwe hunters from the north were willing to make illegal trips across the international border to get higher prices for their fur. From Pembina, Kittson sent large trains of carts along the "Plains Trail" west of the Red River and down the Minnesota valley, well-defended against possible attacks by Dakota hunters who were resentful of the whole slaughter of buffalo by the Métis. Kittson had to collect furs at Lac qui Parle, Big Stone Lake, and further west on the Dakota plains after the death of Joseph Renville. Kittson tried out a shorter route from the Upper Red River to Lake Minnewaska, then along the Crow and Sauk Rivers to the Mississippi, and then Sibley visited the area in 1847. Both the Hudson's Bay Company and the American Fur Company were upset by the increased competition from Sibley and Kittson. In response to the Hudson's Bay Company's call for help, 350 British troops arrived in the Red River settlement.The Hudson's Bay Company had to send buyers to the Mississippi to purchase supplies because they didn't have enough provisions. <mask> offered his assistance as they ran into more problems shipping their provisions up the Red River. The British troops were supplied with everything from champagne to sheet iron stove, as well as goods up the Red River Trail. The trade with the western Dakota bands declined in the 1840s. There was a decline in the number of Dakota hunters in the 19th century due to a decline in the population of buffalo and other game. In the 19th century, bad weather and prairie fires temporarily drove the buffalo into the James River valley, but in the years that followed, the herds virtually disappeared. The failure of the corn crop in 1846 made things worse for the Sisseton and Wahpeton bands, as well as the traders who extended credit to the Dakota in the form of food.The Mdewakantons received annuities from the 1837 treaty. The chief of the Kaposia band in 1846, Taoyateduta Little Crow, found ways to trade which effectively competed with <mask>'s business. By 1848, a ring of Dakota including Little Crow had become so successful in trading whiskey for fur skins that they were forced to set up river patrols. Even though Joseph R. Brown was a competitor of the Upper Mississippi Outfit, <mask> bought buffalo hides from him on his personal account. <mask> bought out his interests and assets after Brown left the fur trade. The creation of a new Northern Outfit was proposed by <mask> Rice in the summer of 1848. The Dakota, Winnebago and Ojibwe trade was combined by the Northern Outfit.The Choteau Company held half of the firm, while Sibley, Rice and a new partner held one-sixth. This move was later regretted by Sibley. Governor George Bryan Porter gave <mask> his first commission as justice of the peace of Mackinac County when he was a young man in Michigan Territory. After moving to Mendota, he received a commission as a justice of the peace of Clayton County, which stretched from a line twenty miles below Prairie du Chien on the west of the Mississippi River to Pem. He received extensions to his commission through 1842 after he was appointed by Governor John Chambers of the newly organized Iowa Territory. It was his chance to be the first to introduce the machinery of law in what was a benighted region and he felt free of oversight. Some people around me believed that I had the power of life and death.The justice of the peace heard a wide range of cases. The "oldest murder mystery in Minnesota" has been described as the death of John Hays, a former sergeant at Fort Snelling. Edward Phalen, Hays's business partner, was arrested a few weeks later. The case was passed on to Joseph R. Brown, who was appointed as justice of the peace for Crawford County in 1839, and was found not guilty of murder despite his self-incriminating testimony. Justice of the peace Joseph Brown was away at the legislature in Madison when a brutal rape of a ten-year-old girl took place in Wisconsin Territory. The Secretary of War moved quickly to purchase land from the Dakota after the defeat of Jacksonian Democrat Martin Van Buren in the 1840 United States presidential election. Bell had supported the creation of an "all-Indian territory" that would eventually become a state.Bell intended to remove Indians from the northeastern United States to the Minnesota valley. Governor James Doty of Wisconsin Territory was appointed by John Bell to negotiate a treaty with the Dakota to acquire 30 million acres of land for the U.S. On July 31, 1841, Governor Doty concluded a treaty with the Sisseton, Wahpeton, and Wahpekute in Traverse des Sioux, with assistance from Alexis Bailly as secretary, although several major chiefs including Burning Earth did not participate. Doty testified that several of his subsidiary traders and employees had provided "indispensable aid" in securing agreement from the Dakota. The Dakota bands were promised by <mask> that he would give them goods worth $10,000. On August 4, 1841, Doty concluded a treaty with Mdewakanton in Mendota, and then left to get signatures from chiefs who had refused to attend the signing. The Doty Treaty included up to $150,000 to compensate traders for debts held by the Dakota, despite the fact that Bell had specifically forbidden such a clause.Many of the "mixed-bloods" who had land set aside for them by the Fourth Treaty of Prairie du Chien were indebted to the Western Outfit. Doty had recommended twelve individuals for positions in the new territory, including <mask><mask> for the post of governor. "The provisions of this treaty, I consider to be better calculated for securing the interests of the Indians and of the people in the country than those of any treaty which has been made with the north-western Indians." After the death of

masks:
Sibley
Henry Sibley
Sibley
Sibley
Helen Hastings
Sibley
Sibley
Henry Sibley
Sibley
Henry Sibley
Henry
Sibley
Henry
Henry
Henry
Sibley
Henry Hastings
Alexander Hastings
Sibley
Henry
Henry Sibley
Henry Sibley
Henry Sibley
Sibley
Sibley
William Henry
Sibley
Henry Sibley
Sibley
Sibley
Henry Sibley
Sibley
Sibley
Sibley
Henry Mower
Henry Sibley
Sibley
Henry H
. Sibley