title: Ottilie Hoffmann

texts: <mask> was a German educationalist and social reformer who came to prominence as a pioneer temperance activist. Life <mask> was born in the central quarter. Her father was a grain merchant. She received a good education. Her diary entries show that she wanted her life to make a difference. She didn't like the idea of marriage and family life. She began her teaching career after studying to become a teacher.She was influenced by the radical feminist writer as a young woman. Hedwig Heyl, a prominent feminist social reformer, was one of <mask>'s students. There is mention of her having taught on a British or English island when she was a private school teacher. Her parents were in failing health and she returned to Bremen to look after them. The "League for expanding work opportunities for women" was set up in 1867 by her and Henny Sattler. <mask> had to pull back from this initiative in order to look after her parents. The parents' deaths opened the way for a new phase in <mask>'s life.She returned to England. She lived in Yorkshire in the 19th century and was responsible for the education of two daughters of the 9th Earl of Carlisle. The girls' mother was passionate about temperance and campaigning for women's rights. She was confronted with the effects of alcohol abuse among the working population. Social misery and family violence were caused by alcohol abuse among the workers. In England, <mask> <mask> was impressed by her employers' social commitment against alcohol dependency: she experienced for herself how former hostelries could be turned into reading rooms and tea shops. The habit of placing a stout box in one corner of a city part and then standing on it to preach abstinence to passers-by was acquired by Lady Carlisle, who later led some of the hidebound citizens of the city to question her sanity.On the anniversary of her mother's death, <mask> <mask> made a personal commitment to total Abstinance. She was now focused on the fight against alcohol abuse. The "World's Woman's Christian Temperance Union" was launched in Ohio in 1874. The WWCTU's objectives and approach ensured that the temperance movement became a part of the Women's suffrage movement that emerged in Europe and North America during the second half of the 19th century. There was a social crisis in the north of the main station in the city in the early 1890s. Accidents were caused by drunkenness while the construction work was being done. She built a coffee shop on the site.In 1915 the "League for alcohol-free eating establishments" was renamed after her. The organisation was chaired by <mask>. She was unable to set up an organization devoted to women's rights back in 1891. The German Women's League for an Alcohol-free Society was established on 17 June 1900. She was the leading representative in Bremen of the International Blue Cross Christian temperance movement by 1894. A number of alcohol free restaurants and "milk bars" were set up around the city. The "Freeport coffee and breakfast canteen" was set up in 1901.Coffee was available from five in the morning until eight at night, except when workers on night shifts wanted to eat later. Milk exchanges were set up in each of the two parts of the enlarged freeports. Within the confines of the port area, fresh milk sales doubled. Most of the workplace deaths could be traced back to alcohol consumption, and there was still a massive danger to port workers from alcohol at the time. The "Ottilie Hoffmann White Ribbon House" opened at New Street 14/15 in 1910. It was located on the western side of the inner city in the business district, which was thought to be a working class residential district. The first house that the abstentionist Frauenbund owned was this one.A reading room, a games room, and a small library have been installed over the years. There was a middle-class kitchen on the first floor and meals were provided for the poor downstairs. Local groups from the German part of the WWCTU were called in to provide feeding points and meals for women and children during the First World War. Existing facilities were used for the purpose. There were nine eating establishments and two "milk bars" in 1915. The association was able to get hold of another fifteen canteens to use for the city-wide relief programme. The distribution of meals, bread and milk was also involved.Nine million meals were provided during the war. After failing to persuade other league members to back the purchase of a large building in the prosperous heart of the city, she acquired the "good middle-class" eating establishment at Katharinenstrae 13 as her own project. Subsequent developments supported her judgement. The league's activities were expanded in new directions because of the frequent use of the Katharinenstrae house. School leavers' parties were held at the place. Net returns that could be used to compensate for the deficits reported by the "Ottilie" temperance canteens in the harbour area were shown in the annual accounts. Most of the secondary schools hold farewell parties and class days with us.The end-of-term celebration is provided by our 'alcohol-free bowling' facilities. There are three dining rooms next to the main party hall. There is a reading room on the second floor, next to a roof garden where we put out deck chairs when the weather is good. <mask> had a strong campaigning element in his temperament. She was involved in social issues and problems. She was elected a member of the executive board of the League of German women's associations. She took part in international congresses.<mask> <mask> named her successor in the year 1921. In the early summer of 1913, Anna and <mask> had first gotten into conversation in an over-filled express train. The Abstinent Women's League and the Christian Temperance organisation were taken over by Fischer in 1921. She would prove to be a good successor over the next few decades. It's striking that <mask> <mask> didn't consult her colleagues before appointing her successor. The death of Ottile <mask> happened at the end of 1925. She was old.The name "Bremen Migkeitsverein" was changed to "Bremen Ottilie Hoffmann Association" in 1970. Busestrae and Emmastrae are connected by Ottilie-Hoffmann-strae. The street sign has an inscription about the founder of the German Women's League for an Alcohol-free Society. There is a local sculptor in the Urich Place on the edge of the quarter. There are references to people from the 19th century.

masks:
Ottilie
Ottilie Hoffmann
Hoffmann
Hoffmann
Ottilie
Ottilie
Hoffmann
Ottilie
Hoffmann
Hoffmann
Hoffmann
Ottilie
Hoffmann
Ottilie
Ottilie
Hoffmann
Hoffmann


title: Kevin Durant

type: paraphrased

texts: <mask> is an American professional basketball player for the Brooklyn Nets of the National Basketball Association. He played one season of college basketball for the Texas Longhorns, and was selected as the second overall pick by the Seattle SuperSonics in the NBA draft. He joined the Golden State Warriors in 2016 and won two NBA titles in a row. He joined the Nets as a free agent after sustaining an injury in the finals. One of the greatest players of all time is considered to be one of the best players in the NBA by many. He was the second-best player in his class and a heavily recruited high school prospect. He was named the first freshman to be named the Naismith College Player of the Year in college.He has won two NBA titles, an NBA Most Valuable Player Award, two Finals MVP Awards, two NBA All-Star Game Most Valuable Player Awards, four NBA scoring titles, and was named to nine All-NBA teams. In October of 2021, he was named to the NBA 75th Anniversary Team. In international play, he has won three Olympic gold medals and the 2010 FIBA World Championship. One of the highest-earning basketball players in the world is due in part to endorsement deals with companies such as Foot Locker and Nike. He leads the league in All-Star votes and jersey sales. He is a photographer and writer for The Players' Tribune. In 2012 he appeared in a film.Wanda was born on September 29, 1988, in Washington, D.C., to Wayne and <mask>. Wanda and Wayne divorced when <mask> was a baby, and his grandmother Barbara Davis helped raise him. His father traveled with him to basketball tournaments when he was 13 years old. There are two brothers, Tony and Rayvonne, and a sister, Brianna. The family grew up in Prince George's County, Maryland, on the eastern outskirts of Washington, D.C. He was taller in middle school than he was when he was young. When he was a kid, he wanted to play for the Toronto Raptors and his favorite player was Vince Carter.He played basketball for several teams in the Maryland area and was teammates with future NBA players, the first of whom is still friends with today. He wore #35 as his jersey number in honor of his coach, Charles Craig, who was murdered at the age of 35. After playing two years of high school basketball at National Christian Academy and one year at Oak Hill Academy, <mask> transferred to Montrose Christian School for his senior year, growing before the start of the season and beginning the year. He committed to the University of Texas at Austin prior to the start of the season. He had visited the University of Connecticut and the University of North Carolina. He said he wanted to set his own path when asked why he chose a college with a lesser-known program. At the end of the year, he was named the Washington Post All-Met Basketball Player of the Year, as well as the Most Valuable Player of the 2006 McDonald's All-American Game.He was the second-best high school prospect of 2006 behind Greg Oden. During the 2006–07 college season, he averaged 25.8 points, 11.1 rebounds, and 1.3 assists per game for the Texas Longhorns. They finished the year with a 25–10 record and a 12–4 record in the conference. Texas won their first round match-up against New Mexico State but were upset in the second round by USC despite a 30-point and 9-rebound performance from KD. He was the unanimous national player of the year, winning the John R. Wooden Award, the Naismith College Player of the Year Award, and all eight other widely recognized honors and awards. This was the first freshman to win a national player of the year award. He declared for the NBA draft after the season.His No. The Longhorns retired 35 jersey. After Greg Oden was selected by the Portland Trail blazers with the first pick of the draft, the Seattle Super Sonics selected <mask> as the second overall pick. In his first regular season game, the 19-year-old had 18 points, five rebound and three steals. He made a game-winning shot against the Atlanta Hawks on November 16. He was named the NBA rookies of the year after he averaged 20.3 points, 4.4 rebound and 2.4 assists per game. He was the only teenager in league history to average at least 20 points per game over an entire season.The SuperSonics relocated from Seattle to Oklahoma City and changed their colors to blue, orange, and yellow. The team drafted UCLA guard Russell Westbrook, who would form an All-Star combination with KD in later years. At the NBA All-Star Weekend in 2009, he set a rookies challenge record with 46 points. By the end of the 2008–09 NBA season, he had raised his scoring average by five points from the prior season to 25.3 points per game, and was considered a strong candidate for the Most Improved Player Award. After his first few years in the NBA, he reached a height. He was selected to his first NBA All-Star Game. The Thunder improved their record by 27 wins from the previous year thanks to his play.With a scoring average of 30.1 points per game, he became the youngest NBA scoring champion and was selected to his first All-NBA team. He scored 24 points in the first game of the playoffs. Oklahoma City lost the series in six games, but the team's performance led many analysts to label them as an upcoming title contender. Prior to the start of the 2010–11 season, he signed a five-year contract extension with the Thunder worth approximately $86 million. For the second year in a row, he led the NBA in scoring. The fourth seed in the Western Conference was earned thanks to the leadership of <mask>. Oklahoma City lost in five games to the Dallas Mavericks in the Conference Finals of the NBA playoffs.On February 19 of the 2011–12 season, he scored 51 points against the Denver Nuggets, his first career 50-point game. He won the NBA All-Star Game Most Valuable Player Award after scoring 36 points. He finished the year with a scoring average of 28 points per game, his third straight scoring title. The 2012 NBA playoffs began for the Western Conference's second seed as a result of his play. In the first round of the playoffs, KD hit a game-winner with 1.5 seconds left. Oklahoma City defeated Dallas, the Lakers, and the San Antonio Spurs before losing to the Miami Heat in the 2012 NBA Finals. For the NBA Finals, he led all players with 30.6 points per game and a 54.8% shooting rate.With a scoring average of 28.1 points per game to finish the 2012–13 season, <mask> failed to defend his scoring title; however, with a 51 percent shooting rate, a 41.6 percent three point shooting rate, and a 90.5 free throw shooting rate, he became the youngest player Oklahoma City earned the first seed in the Western Conference after finishing the year with a 60–22 record. In the first round of the NBA playoffs, Oklahoma City's Russell Westbrook tore his knee and missed the rest of the playoffs. Oklahoma City were eliminated in the second round of the playoffs by the Memphis Grizzles, despite the fact that <mask> scored 30 or more points in 12 straight games, including a career-high 54 points against the Warriors. In April, he surpassed Michael Jordan's record for consecutive games with at least 25 points. The Oklahoman finished the year with 59 wins and was voted the NBA Most Valuable Player by the fans.He converted on only 24 percent of his field goals in the fourth game of the first round of the NBA playoffs. The Oklahoman dubbed <mask> "Mr." after the series ended. Unreliable. He scored 36 points in the victory. Oklahoma City lost to the Spurs in the Conference Finals in six games after eliminating Memphis and the Los Angeles Clippers. Prior to the start of the 2014–15 season, <mask> was diagnosed with a Jones fracture in his right foot and was ruled out for six to eight weeks. He made his season debut on December 2 against the New Orleans Pelicans after missing 17 games.He scored a season-high 44 points against the Phoenix Suns on December 31 after injuring his ankle against the Golden State Warriors on December 18. He injured his big toe in January. He was ruled out for the rest of the season after deciding to have foot surgery on March 27 after undergoing a minor procedure to reduce pain in his foot. He averaged 25.4 points, 6.6 rebound, and 4.1 assists per game in 27 games. In a game against the Magic on October 30th, <mask> and Russell became the first pair of teammates to score at least 40 points in a single game since 1996, doing so in a win. For the year, he averaged 28.2 points, 8.2 rebound, 5 assists, and 1.2 blocks per game, leading the Thunder to 55 wins and the third seed in the West. In Game 2 of the first round of the 2016 NBA playoffs against the Mavericks, he scored 21 points but converted only 7 out of 33 shots in the worst shooting performance of his career, both by percentage and number of misses.After defeating Dallas, Oklahoma City moved on to face the Spurs in the second round. In the fourth game of the playoffs, he scored a playoff career high of 41 points. Oklahoma City defeated the Spurs in six games and will face the Golden State Warriors in the conference finals. Despite going up 3–1, the Thunder were defeated in seven games, with <mask> scoring 27 points in Game 7. The Players' Tribune reported on July 4 that <mask> was going to sign with the Warriors. Fans and pundits felt that he took the easy route by leaving a team that was close to reaching the Finals and joining the Warriors, who were coming off a record-setting 73-win season. On July 7, Golden State's <mask> signed a two-year, $54.3 million contract with a player option after the first year.Ben Golliver wrote, "He chose an ideal roster fit and a shot at playing for the highest- scoring offense the NBA has seen in decades." He chose life alongside Stephen Curry and Klay Thompson, the greatest shooting backcourt in history, and he chose to go against two elite defenders in practices rather than in the Western Conference finals. He made his debut for the Warriors on October 25 against the San Antonio Spurs, scoring a team-high 27 points in a loss. He became the first player in team history to finish with at least 25 points, 10 rebound, five assists, and five blocks in a single game, in a win over Minnesota on November 26. In his first game back in Oklahoma City since leaving for Golden State, he scored 34 points and was booed by the crowd as he helped the Warriors defeat the Thunder for the third time that year. He missed the final 19 games of the season because of a knee injury. Golden State entered the playoffs as the first seed after finishing the year with a 67–15 record.The Warriors advanced to their third consecutive Finals and became the first team in league history to start the playoffs with 12 consecutive victories. In the first game of the series, KD had 38 points, eight rebound, and eight assists to lead the Warriors past Cleveland. The Warriors went up 3–0 in the series with a 31 point effort by KD in Game 3, including the go-ahead 3-pointer with 45.3 seconds left in regulation. In the series-clinching win, he scored 39 points to go with seven rebound and five assists. In the Finals, he was the Golden State's top scorer in every game, with averages of 35.2 points, 8.4 rebound, and 5.4 assists while shooting 55.5 percent from the field, 47.4 percent from three-point range, and 90.7 percent from the free throw line. He was named the NBA Finals Most Valuable Player. After the Finals, he declined his player option and became an unrestricted free agent.He re-signed with the Warriors for less money than the maximum, which helped the franchise create enough salary cap space to keep their

masks:
Kevin Wayne Durant
Durant
Durant
Durant
Kevin Durant
Kevin Durant
Durant
Kevin DurantD
Durant
Durant
Kevin
Kevin Durant
Kevin Durant
Kevin Durant


title: Kevin Durant

texts: core roster intact and add free agents. In a loss to the Clippers on January 10, the second-youngest player in league history reached the 20,000-point milestone, as he scored 40 points. He had a career-high 14 assists in a win over the New York Knicks. He scored a season-high 50 points in a loss. In March, he missed games with a fractured rib, joining teammates Stephen Curry and Klay Thompson on the sidelines. Golden State finished the year with 58 wins and a career high for blocks by <mask> recorded a playoff career-high 43 points, 13 rebound, and seven assists, leading the Warriors to a 3–0 advantage. Golden State swept Cleveland to win a second straight title, and with an average of 28.6 points, 10.8 rebound, and 7.5 assists, <mask> won his second Finals Most Valuable Player Award. On July 7, 2018, the Warriors re-signed <mask> to a two-year, $61.5 million contract, which included a player option for the second year. During an overtime loss to the Clippers on November 12, Green cursed out <mask> over his upcoming free agency status after the season, and he was suspended for the incident. In a 131–128 overtime loss to the Toronto Raptors on November 29, KD scored a season-high 51 points, making him the first player in NBA history to score 40 or more points in three straight games.With Curry and Green out for most of November, the Warriors finished the month with a 15–8 record and five straight road losses. He scored 45 points in a loss to the Los Angeles Clippers in the first round of the playoffs. He scored 50 points in a 129–110 win in Game 6 to set a new playoff career high. During Game 5 of the Western Conference semifinals against the Houston Rockets, KD suffered a right calf strain and missed Game 6, which the Warriors won, as well as the entire Western Conference Finals against the Portland Trail blazers, which the Warriors won in a four-game sweep. In Game 5 of the NBA Finals against Toronto, after missing nine games with a strained right calf, KD scored 11 points in the first quarter. He was lost for the game two minutes into the second quarter when he tried to drive by Serge Ibaka and fell and injured his calf. He was helped to the locker room after limping off the court.The Raptors lead the series 3–2 after the Warriors won the game. The Warriors lost the NBA Finals in six games, ending their quest for a three-peat. The Brooklyn Nets will not be in action for a year in 2019. On July 1, Golden State CEO Joe Lacob made a announcement. The Warriors will no longer issue 35. A sign-and-trade deal was signed by KD on July 7. He decided to sit out the entire season after sustaining an injury in June, and did not appear in the season.On March 17, 2020, three other Nets players tested positive. On April 1, it was announced that he had recovered. On December 22, 2020, he made his Nets debut, putting up 22 points, five rebound, three assists and three steals, in a 125–99 win over the Golden State Warriors. On January 14, 2021, James Harden was traded to the Nets in a blockbuster four-team deal. On January 16, 2021, KD scored a season-high 42 points in a win over the Magic. On February 5, due to health and safety protocols, KD came off the bench for the first time in his career in a loss to the Raptors. He missed 23 games due to an injury in February.On April 2, the NBA fined <mask> $50,000 for private messages he sent to actor Michael Rapaport in a feud. He came back on April 7, 2021, and scored 17 points off the bench in a 139–119 win over New Orleans. The Nets finished second in the East with a 48– 24 record. In Game 4 of the first round of the playoffs, KD scored 42 points in a win over the Celtics to take a 3–1 lead in the series. He scored 24 points in a 123–109 win in Game 5. In the first game of the conference semifinals, KD had 29 points and 10 rebound in a 115–107 win. In the fifth game of the series, KD put up 49 points, 17 rebound, and 10 assists, leading the Nets to a 114–108 comeback win.The most points scored in a Game 7 in NBA playoff history was 48 by KD in the Game 7 against the Bucks. On August 8, 2021, <mask> signed a four-year, $198 million extension with the Brooklyn Nets. In a 114–109 comeback win over the Philadelphia 76ers, KD recorded his 13th career triple-double with 29 points, 15 rebound, and 12 assists. On November 10, he scored 30 points on 11-for-12 shooting in a 123–90 win over the Magic. KD scored a season-high 51 points in a win over the Pistons. In a 131–129 overtime win over the Toronto Raptors, KD recorded his fourteenth career triple-double with 34 points, 13 rebound, and 11 assists. In a 114–105 win against the Philadelphia 76ers on December 16, <mask> scored 34 points, grabbed 11 rebound, and handed out 8 assists.On January 15, 2022, during a 120–105 victory over the New Orleans Pelicans, <mask> left the game in the second quarter with a left knee injury and was ruled out for four to six weeks. In February 2007, he received an invitation to the United States national team training camp. He was cut from the team despite a strong performance. The experience of the remaining players was cited as the deciding factor in making the cut. He downplayed the role he played in becoming the leader of the national team at the 2010 FIBA World Championship. He was the tournament's Most Valuable Player, leading Team USA to its first FIBA World Championship since 1994. He averaged 22.8 points, 6.1 rebound, 3.1 assists, and 1.4 steals per game in nine games for the competition.At the 2012 Olympics, he set a record for total points scored. He helped the national team win a gold medal with averages of 19.5 points, 5.8 rebound, 2.6 assists, and 1.6 steals per game. He scored 30 points in the final game of the tournament. Less than a month before the start of the Basketball World Cup, KD announced that he would be dropping out of the competition due to mental and physical exhaustion. He led Team USA to a gold medal at the 2016 Olympics. For the second time in his career, KD was named the co-USA Basketball Male Athlete of the Year, along with Anthony. The 2020 Olympic team was delayed until 2021.He needed 25 points to match Anthony's career scoring record in order to be ranked second in U.S. men's Olympic basketball history. Anthony's record was set on July 31 against the Czech Republic. Team USA won a gold medal. The primary position of the player is small forward. In December 2016 he stated that he overstated his height in order to be listed as a small forward, rather than a power forward. His career average is 28.0 points, 7.1 rebound, and 4.1 assists per game. One of the best players of his generation, <mask> has earned All-NBA honors nine times and was voted rookies of the year in his debut season.He has finished second in the voting three times, a trend that he has expressed frustration over. He is known for his scoring ability. He became one of only two players to win four scoring titles in five years. Early in his career, his playing style was isolation-driven, but he quickly developed into an excellent off-ball player who was capable of scoring from the outside as well. He became a member of the 50–40–90 club after shooting a historically great clip. When he joined the Warriors in 2016 he was able to impact the offense in a variety of ways. He is able to get off a clean shot regardless of the situation because of his height and wingspan.He becomes a strong scorer at the rim when he beats his man, for example, in 2012 he converted 72.2% of his shots in the paint. He was criticized for his slim build, defense and passing early in his career. He grew as a passer, increasing his assist numbers every year from 2010 to 2014, but his overall vision still lags behind the league's best passers'. The best success rate for defensive players who faced at least 100 isolations was when he faced opponents who averaged just.62 points per isolation play against him. He was considered for the NBA Defensive Player of the Year Award after becoming a more reliable off-ball defender and rim protectors. A relationship that was detailed in a Lifetime movie is that of <mask>'s mother, Wanda. During his time with the Thunder, he described himself as a high school kid who enjoys playing video games in his spare time.He has tattoos on his stomach, wrist, and back. He owns several properties in the Oklahoma City area and listed his primary residence, located in the Club Villa neighborhood, for sale for $1 million. He opened a restaurant, KD's Southern Cuisine, in the Bricktown neighborhood and then got engaged to a basketball player. He was a photographer for The Players' Tribune at the Super Bowl. Rob Pelinka was once represented by <mask>. He left Pelinka and joined the group headed by Jay-Z. There are endorsement deals with Nike, General Electric, and 2K Sports.In 2012 he appeared in a children's film. He was the fourth-highest-earning basketball player that year, earning $35 million. "Global marketing and all that stuff doesn't interest me, despite my high earnings potential," he said in an interview. One of the most popular players in the league, KD's jersey ranks as one of the NBA's best-selling and he is consistently one of the top All-Star vote-getters. He became known as the "nicest guy in the NBA" after Foot Locker released a series of commercials in which he was referred to as the "nice escapades" of the Oklahoma City staff. He launched StrongAndKind.com in order to show that being kind is not a sign of weakness. He has become more outspoken and controversial since he joined the Warriors.In Golden State, he feels more genuine than in Oklahoma City, where he was just trying to please everyone. <mask> has participated in philanthropic causes throughout his career. He donated $1 million to the American Red Cross for the victims of the Moore tornado. The Thunder and Nike matched his donation. He is a spokesman for the Washington, D.C. branch of P'Tones Records. In 2017, he became involved with the video sharing site. He spoke at YouTube's headquarters in February.He started uploading live stream vlogs on April 7, 2017. He explained in his first vlog that he got off social media. I stopped using social media to distance myself a bit. Someone helped me get on the internet. Over 790,000 subscribers and 38 million video views have been received by <mask>'s YouTube channel. A basketball-themed scripted drama will be created by <mask> and Imagine Television for Apple, according to a report by Deadline. <mask> and Rich Kleiman founded Thirty Five Ventures.Basketball County, a documentary about youth basketball in Prince George's County, Maryland, was produced in 2020. He was an executive producer and appeared in interviews. Two Distant Strangers was the winner of the Academy Award for Short Film. Time magazine has a list of the 100 most influential people of the year. On June 15, 2020, <mask> became a minority owner of MLS side Philadelphia Union, acquiring a 5% stake with the possibility to add another 5% in the near future. An original content series would be developed and Weedmaps would become an official sponsor of Boardroom, thanks to a partnership between the multimedia company and the cannabis technology company. "I think it's time to address the stigmas around cannabis that still exist in the sports world as well as globally."This partnership will allow us to create more content, events, and more through our Boardroom media network. He signed a deal with the company to serve as a brand ambassador. NBA Finals Most Valuable Player: 2017: NBA Most Valuable Player: 2019: NBA

masks:
Kevin DurantDD
Kevin Durant
Durant
Durant
Durant
Durant
Durant
Durant
Durant
Durant
Durant
Durant
Durant
Kevin Durant
Durant
Durant


title: Ryszard Szeremeta

texts: A Polish composer of experimental music, producer of recordings, concerts and performances of jazz singer, was born on May 5, 1952. The Academy of Music in Krakow was founded by Jzef Patkowski. Zbigniew Bujarski, Krzysztof Meyer and Krystyna Moszumaska-Nazar are some of the prominent lecturers. In 1982, he completed postgraduate studies at the Guildhall School of Music and Drama in London under the direction of Robert Saxton, in 1986 at the Electronic Music Studio in Sweden, and in 1991 at the GMEB. At the Warsaw Autumn International Festival of Contemporary Music in 1981 he made his debut with a piece under the baton of Andrzej Markowski. He was a member of the vocal jazz quartet Novi Singers from 1976 to 1985 and has performed in Poland and abroad. The group performed at the Warsaw Autumn in 2001.The Warsaw Autumn Festival of Contemporary Music featured nine works by <mask>. He directed the Polish Radio Experimental Studio from 1985 to 1998. He worked with the Polish Radio Jazz Orchestra. He has composed for film and television since 1990. The vice president of the Polish Composers Union was a member of the Repertoire Committee. He presented his work in New York and Philadelphia in 1991. The jury of the International Society for Contemporary Music included the "Triple Concerto for 3-tape exposition" in the program of the World Days of Music in 1997.The Swiss multimedia publishing company Arcadia has a sub-publisher called Szeremeta. The Grand Prix at the Tadeusz Baird Competition for Young Composers was one of the awards that Awards Szeremeta has received.


title: Erica Burman

texts: There is a critical development psychologist based in the United Kingdom. Her work has been a conceptual resource for critiques of the field, notably feminist perspectives on the connections between different forms of oppression, and methodological debates in psychology. A critical response to mainstream theories of child development was provided by Deconstructing Developmental Psychology, which drew upon feminist theory to show how this aspect of psychology serves to regulate family behavior, marginalize working class and minority ethnic women and pathologise their experience as mothers. The book covers 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 The cultural assumptions that give rise to different forms of psychology are examined, and the book provides new ways of thinking about the position of children in modern society. Burman has devoted a lot of his research to representations of children and the connections between different kinds of development. She is studying the way images of children are used in connection with the "developing" world.She focused her research on the question of how such images of women and children hold in place models of the progress of the nation state. Although feminist research is a central concern of Burman's writing, she has questioned cultural assumptions in "second wave" feminism and drawn on anti-racist debates. She noticed that the position of women is closely related to the position of cultural minorities. Many of Burman's publications have been concerned with radical developments in methodology, such as her analysis of the way debates on child labor can be used to show the limits of mainstream models in developmental psychology. Her study of different ways of carrying out research has been a powerful resource for feminist psychologists, but beyond that the impact has been felt in "discourse analysis" and in critical mental health. She is sometimes criticized for being too political. Her work is dismissed as irrelevant by some psychologists because she is not an expert on how psychology can help people.Much of her work has been in collaboration with a new generation of researchers working in psychology and in adjoining disciplines, and with practitioners. Challenging Women: Psychology's Exclusions, Feminist Possibilities is one of the collaborative books that Burman has produced. In recent years, her concerns with the position of women and children connect with asylum and immigration issues have been the subject of collaborative research and writing. The website of the Discourse Unit at Manchester Metropolitan University has open access to a number of publications. Policy and ethics around work with children in the UK have received critical responses to Burman's work. Her work has been used in the teaching of alternative approaches to developmental psychology in New Zealand and South Africa. Burman is the author of books.There is an ed. The year 1990. There are feminists and psychologists. It's London. Out of print, available at discourseunit.com. The eds were published in 1993. Repertoires and Readings of Texts in Action are part of Discourse Analytic Research.London and New York. Out of print, available at discourseunit.com. Deconstructing psychology. London and New York. Banister, Burman, I., Taylor, M., and Tindall were all involved in the project. A research guide on qualitative methods in psychology. The Open University Press is in Milton Keynes.Burman, Alldred, P., Bewley, C., Goldberg, B., Heenan, C., Marks, D., Marshall, J. S. (1995) Psychology's Exclusions, Feminist Possibilities are some of the topics discussed in Challenging Women. Buckingham has an open university press. <mask>, E. Aitken, G., Alldred, A., Allwood, R., Billington, T., Goldberg, B., Gordo Lopez, A., Heenan, C. Marks, D. and Warner, S. From Regulation to Resistance is a psychology discourse practice. Taylor and Francis were in London.Levett, A., Kottler, A., <mask>, E. and Parker, I. The eds were published in 1997. Discourse Analysis in South Africa is about culture, power and difference. Cape Town: UCT Press. E. Burman. There is an ed. The year 1998.Feminism is being Deconstructing Feminist Psychology. It's London. E. Burman. La Decontruccion de la Psicologia. There is a Visor Apredizaje in Madrid. Chantler, Burman, Batsleer, and Bashir are related. South Asian women have attempted suicide and self harm.MMU has a Women's Studies Research Centre. Batsleer and Burman. E., Chantler, K., Pantling, K., Smailes, S., and Warner were all involved. Supporting women towards independence is supported by domestic violence and minoritisation. MMU has a women's studies research centre. Banister, Burman, I., Taylor, M., and Tindall were all involved in the project. Cualitativos en Psicologa: Un Gua Para la Investigacin.The University of Guadalajara is in Guadalajara. D. Hook. There is an ed. They had Mkhize, N. Kiguwa, P. and Collins. The section was written by Burman, E. and Parker, I. The consulting ed was published in 2004. There is critical psychology.The UCT Press is in Cape Town. E. Burman. Fanon, education, and action are related. London: Routledge. Critical responses Bird and Drewery. Human Development in New Zealand. New Zealand: McGraw Hill.G., Moss, P., and Pence are related. The year 2005. There is more to quality in early childhood education and care. The office of the publisher is in London. The eds were written by Hook, Watts, and Cockcraft. There is a field of psychology called developmental psychology. The University of Cape Town Press is in Cape Town.G. Mac Naughton was published in 2005. Foucault is used in Early Childhood Studies. London: Routledge. The Academy for the Study of the Psychoanalytic Arts links to Burman's "Beyond the Baby and the Bathwater: Postdualistic Developmental Psychologies for Diverse Childhoods". Discourse analysis means doing analysis: a critique of six analytic shortcomings, according to Burman. "Engendering Development: Some Methodological on Perspectives Child Labour" was written by Burman. 1960 births living people.

masks: Burman Burman


title: Vasil Ivanovski

texts: <mask> was a communist activist and publicist. He is known for his wanderings on the Macedonian question, and according to historiography in North Macedonia, he is the founder and a prominent "fighter for the affirmation of the Macedonian national identity". According to the Macedonian historian Ivan Katardjiev, the activists of the IMRO (United) and the Bulgaria Communist Party were always pro-Bulgarian. In the Ottoman Empire, <mask> was born on October 18, 1906. After the war, he and his family moved to Bulgaria. He graduated from high school. The member of the BCP since 1923 was a tobacco worker, trade unionist and left-wing political activist.The September Uprising was aimed at establishing a government of workers and peasants in Bulgaria. He moved to the USSR in the late 19th century. He graduated from the Communist University of the National Minorities of the West in Moscow in 1932. He was influenced to accept the idea that the Macedonian Slavs were not Macedonian Bulgarias, but a separate nation, when he was close to several Yugoslav communists from Vardar Macedonia. He became a member of the IMRO in 1933. The issue of recognition of a separate Macedonian nation was put for the first time by members of the Comintern. In February 1934, after the adoption of the Comintern's Resolution on the Macedonian question, Ivanovski and the IMRO (United) took Macedonist positions.In an article written under the name "Why we Macedonians are a separate nation" he argued for the existence of a Macedonian nation and a Macedonian language. Many historical figures, including from the Middle Ages, were declared to be ethnic Macedonians. Some members of the BCP and the IMRO were shocked by his article. The Macedonian revivalists considered themselves to be Macedonians, but their activity followed an agenda of creation of a Macedonian nation. Some historians in the press were accused of beingbourgeois. He was sentenced to 5 years in prison for his part in the political trial. He went underground in 1941.He was sentenced to 15 years in prison in 1942. After serving his sentence in Idrizovo, he moved to Bulgaria. The Macedonian Question in the Past and Today is an attempt to present the history of the Macedonian people from antiquity to the present through Marxist philosophy. He created the modern Macedonian historiography with this work. He escaped from the Idrizovo prison and joined the Macedonian Partisans. He attended the First Meeting of ASNOM. The first editor-in-chief of the Nova Makedonija newspaper was <mask>.He was the deputy minister of social welfare in Macedonia. The idea that ASNOM's legislative decisions set the foundations of the first Macedonian State was presented in the 1944 work "On Unifying the Macedonian People". He was a member of the committee that was formed to standardize the Macedonian alphabet. He was against the pro-Serbian and anti-Bulgarian policies of the time. The Ilinden Uprising, which was a Bulgaria conspiracy and declared the IMRO revolutionary Gotse Delchev a "Bulgarian irrelevant to Macedonia", was wrongly related to the convening of ASNOM. The de-Bulgarization by codification of the new alphabet and the new literary language was announced in a letter to the leader of the Bulgaria communists. He returned to Bulgaria at the end of 1945 after being disappointed by the communists.There was an active participant in the Macedonianization of the local population. The chairman of the Central Macedonian Initiative Committee was the head of the agitation and propaganda department. The leaders of Yugoslavia and Bulgaria worked on merging their countries into a Balkan Communist Federation and a United Macedonia. There was a gradual change of policy in Bulgaria after the split between Stalin and Tito. After being kicked out of the Central Committee in 1949, he was arrested by the authorities in Bulgaria. He was accused of being a spy during the trial. He was sentenced to 12 years of imprisonment and lost his civil rights for 15 years.He was released after seven years in prison. The Macedonian nation and language did not exist after he was released from prison. After he died in 1991, he lived in isolation. There are people from Kastoria and people from Salonica vilayet who are members of the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization.

masks:
Vasil Atanasov Ivanovski
Ivanovski
Ivanovski


title: Buzz Williams

texts: <mask> is the head basketball coach at Texas A&M University. He was an assistant coach at Texas-Arlington, Texas A&M–Kingsville, Colorado State, and Texas A&M before becoming the head coach at Virginia Tech. <mask> grew up in Van Alstyne, Texas. He earned a bachelor's degree in kinesiology from Oklahoma City University in 1994 and a master's degree in the same field from Texas A&M University–Kingsville in 1999. <mask> and Norman were married in 2000. They have five children, two daughters and two sons. His coaches called him <mask> because of his boundless energy.They lost to the Missouri Tigers in the Second Round of the NCAA Tournament after a 25–10 record in the 2008–09 season. He led the Golden Eagles to a 22–12 record in the 2009–10 season, but they lost to the 11th-seeded Washington Huskies in the First Round of the 2010 NCAA Tournament. <mask> led the Golden Eagles back to the Sweet Sixteen for the first time in a decade. His team had a 9–9 Big East Conference record. They lost to Louisville in the Big East Men's Basketball Tournament. The school received an at-large bid for the tournament. They defeated Syracuse in the third round to advance to the Sweet Sixteen.They were defeated in the Sweet Sixteen. 7 in the world. 2nd seed North Carolina. The 2012 team returned to the NCAA Tournament after finishing second in the Big East regular season. 3, as a No. 2, as a No. 3, as a No. 4, as a No. 5, as a No. 6, as a No. 7, as a No. 8, as a No. 9, as a No. 10, as a No. 11, as a They won their first two games in the NCAA Tournament to advance to the Sweet Sixteen. They lost to No.7-seeded Florida. After winning a share of the Big East Men's regular season championship, the Golden Eagles received an at-large bid to the NCAA Tournament. 3 seeds. They defeated Davidson in the second and third rounds. In the Sweet Sixteen, the school's third straight under <mask>, they defeated Miami to earn a trip to <mask>'s first Elite Eight, where they lost to Syracuse. The worst season for <mask> at Marquette was the one in which the Golden Eagles lost in the Big East Tournament. James Johnson was named the head basketball coach at Virginia Tech.Critics questioned why he would leave Marquette for Virginia Tech, one of the country's toughest rebuilding projects. Steve Wojciechowski became the new coach of the program that had only nine scholarship players, none taller than 6'7". The Hokies finished 15th in the conference with a 2–16 record, matching the lowest win total in Virginia Tech history. A young nucleus was established with several true freshmen playing a lot of minutes. Expectations grew even more when <mask> got commitments from two different players. Both were eligible for the 2015–16 season. The team improved after a slow start.On January 4, 2016 the Hokies defeated their in-state rival and 4th ranked Virginia at home, marking <mask>' biggest win at Virginia Tech to date. The team ended the regular season with an upset of the 7th ranked Miami. The Hokies finished the regular season with an improvement of eight wins from the previous year. The Hokies were invited to the NIT in 2016 but lost to BYU. Virginia Tech and <mask> agreed to a contract extension in July of 2016 The establishment of a new endowment and scholarship was announced by <mask> at the press conference. The <mask>'s Bunch Scholarship Endowment will be awarded annually to an undergraduate student at Virginia Tech who is registered at the school with a disability.The <mask>orey <mask> Family Student-Athlete Scholarship will be awarded annually to an undergraduate female student-athletes at Virginia Tech. The Hokies started the season with a 11–1 non-conference record and won their first conference game. On December 31, Duke was in the coliseum. <mask> earned his 200th win as a head coach with a win against Boston College. The Hokies went 5–6 in their first 11 games. <mask>' fourth victory over a top-15 team in the past two years was 800-211-2519 800-211-2519 800-211-2519 800-211-2519 800-211-2519 800-211-2519 800-211-2519 800-211-2519 800-211-2519 800-211-2519 800-211-2519 800-211-2519 800-211-2519 800-211-2519 800-211-2519 800-211-2519 800-211-2519 800-211-2519 800-211-2519 800-211-2519 800-211-2519 800-211-2519 800-211-2519 800-211-2519 800-211-2519 800-211-2519 800-211-2519 800-211-2519 800-211-2519 800-211-2519 800-211-2519 800-211-2519 800-211-2519 800-211-2519 800-211-2519 800-211-2519 800-211-2519 800-211-2519 800-211-2519 800-211-2519 800-211-2519 800-211-2519 800-211-2519 The Hokies made it to the NCAA Tournament for the first time in seven years.1 priority, as the No. 1 priority, as the No. 2 priority, as the No. 3 priority, as the No. 4 priority, as the No. 5 priority, as the No. 6 priority, as the No. 7 priority, as the No. 8 priority They lost to Wisconsin in the first round. The team finished the regular season with a 21–11 record and a 10–8 record. The Hokies lost to Alabama in the first round of the NCAA tournament. The team entered the top 10 for the first time in two decades. Even though his high school coach described Nolley as an "Ivy League-type guy", he was ineligible for the season due to his high test score. This is an example of why the NCAA should get out of the eligibility business.It's not right. Chris Clarke was suspended prior to the start of the season. Robinson was out of over half of the Hokies' conference games due to a toe injury. <mask> led the Hokies to a 23–7 regular season record and 12 wins in the conference, the most in program history. The highest seed in Virginia Tech's history was tied for fourth in the NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament. After the Hokies defeated Saint Louis University in the first round and Liberty University in the second round, <mask> earned a bid to the Sweet 16, the program's first bid since 1967. The Hokies defeated Duke earlier in the season.Duke defeated Virginia Tech after a missed last second shot by a senior. On April 3, it was announced that <mask> would be leaving Virginia Tech to take the same position at Texas A&M. There are links to the Virginia Tech profile of 1972 births.

masks: Williams Williams Williams Buzz Williams Williams Williams Williams Williams Williams Williams Buzz Buzz BuzzC Williams Williams Williams Williams Williams Williams


title: Alger Hiss

texts: The American government official <mask> was accused of having spied for the Soviet Union in the 1930s. Statutes of limitations had expired for espionage, but he was found guilty of perjury in 1950. As a U.N. official, Hiss was involved in the establishment of the United Nations. He was 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 On August 3, 1948, Whittaker Chambers testified before the House Un-American Activities Committee that he had been a communist while in federal service. Hiss sued Chambers for libel after denying the charge. Chambers produced new evidence that he and Hiss had been involved in espionage.A federal grand jury indicted Hiss. In January 1950, <mask> was found guilty after a second trial and was sentenced to two concurrent five-year sentences. Arguments about the case and the validity of the verdict took center stage in broader debates about the Cold War, McCarthyism, and the extent of Soviet espionage in the United States. Since Hiss' conviction, statements by involved parties have added to the dispute. The Russian intelligence service has no documents proving that <mask> Hiss cooperated with our service somewhere or anywhere, according to two former senior Soviet military officers responsible for the Soviet Union's military intelligence archives. There was more support for the theory that he was a Soviet spy after reading the 1995 Venona Papers. The Hiss controversy will continue to be debated due to the fact that many relevant files are unavailable.George Will stated in Newsweek that the myth of Hiss's innocence suffers the death of a thousand cuts. Mary "Minnie" Lavinia and <mask> Hiss had five children, including <mask> Hiss. Both parents came from Baltimore families that existed in the middle of the 18th century. Hiss's paternal great-great-grandfather changed his name from Hesse to Hiss after moving from Germany in 1729. Minnie Hughes was active in Baltimore society after attending teacher's college. <mask> joined Daniel Miller and Co. after he married at the age of 24. He became an executive and stockholder.Charles assumed financial and emotional responsibility for his brother's widow and six children when John died suddenly at the age of 33. Albert Hughes was helped by Charles to find work at Daniel Miller. Hughes first distinguished himself and was promoted to the position of treasurer of the firm, but then he became involved in a complicated business deal and was unable to meet the financial obligation that was part of a joint agreement. Charles Hiss felt compelled to resign from the firm and sell his stock to make up for his brother-in-law's debts. The year of a great financial panic was 1907. After failing to find a job, Charles took his own life, cutting his throat with a razor. After making the most of her former prosperity and social position, Minnie had to rely on her family to help her out.Donald was two months old when his brother <mask> Hiss was two years old. They were not told of <mask>'s death. Bosley told <mask> the truth after he confronted his older brother. Hiss decided to devote the rest of his life to restoring the family's good name. Although shadowed by melancholy, Hiss's early childhood, spent in rough-and-tumble games with his siblings and cousins, was not unhappy. The Baltimore neighborhood was described as shabby gentility by columnist Murray Kempton. Hiss portrayed the economic circumstances of his childhood as modest, but not particularly shabby.His older brother Bosley died of Bright's disease and his sister Mary Ann committed suicide when Hiss was in his twenties. He learned to seek out paternal surrogates. He was popular at school. He graduated from college with a degree in political science and was voted the most popular student by his classmates. He graduated from Harvard Law School in 1929 with a law degree. The famous murder trial of Bartolomeo Vanzetti andNicola Sacco took place while he was at Harvard. Like many prominent liberals of the day, Hiss maintained that Sacco and Vanzetti were wrongly convicted.He joined Choate, Hall & Stewart, a Boston law firm, and later the Cotton, Franklin, Wright & Gordon, a New York law firm. Hiss became a government attorney during the New Deal. He was a temporary assistant on the Senate's Nye Committee in 1933, investigating cost overruns and alleged profiteering by military contractors during World War I. Hiss was a member of the legal team that defended theAAA against challenges to its legitimacy. Frank and his assistants, including future labor lawyer Lee Pressman, were fired in 1935 because of opposition from agribusiness in Arkansas. Hiss was not fired, but allegations that he was connected with radicals on the Agriculture Department's legal team were to be the source of future controversy. From July 1934 to August 1935, Hiss was a legal assistant to the Nye Committee.He questioned and cross-examined Bernard Baruch on March 29, 1935. The burial of Nicholas Murray Butler was attended by both Hiss and Baruch. In 1988, he said that Polonius was a "vain and overrated" person. <mask> and his brother <mask> began working in the State Department in 1936. <mask> was a special assistant to the director of the Office of Far Eastern Affairs. Hiss was an assistant to Stanley Hornbeck, who was a special adviser to Cordell Hull. Hiss was named Director of the Office of Special Political Affairs in 1944.The Dumbarton Oaks Conference drew up plans for the future United Nations. Edward Stettinius replaced Hull as Secretary of State in 1944 due to his poor health. Hiss was a member of the U.S. delegation that went to the Yalta Conference where the Big Three met to consolidate their alliance. Negotiations addressed the postwar division of Europe and configuration of its borders, as well as the still unfinished plans for the United Nations. The American draft of the "Declaration of Liberated Europe" was created before the conference. Critics on the right accused the Declaration of making damaging concessions to the Soviets. He stated that he was responsible for assembling background papers and documentation for the conference, as well as any general matters that might come up relating to the Far East or the Near East.He drafted a memo against Stalin's proposal to give one vote to each of the 16 Soviet republics in the UN General Assembly. Stalin feared that the votes of many countries of the British Empire would be counterbalanced by those of Latin America who would vote for the United States. In the final compromise offered by Roosevelt and Stettinius and accepted by Stalin, the Soviets obtained three votes: one for the Soviet Union itself, the Ukrainian SSR, and the Belorussian SSR. He was the Secretary-General of the United Nations Conference on International Organization, which was held in San Francisco from April 25, 1945 to June 26, 1945. According to Allen Weinstein, the Soviet delegate to the conference praised Hiss to his superior Stettinus for his impartiality and fairness. He became the Director of the State Department's Office of Special Political Affairs. He was forced to step down as president of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace at the end of his term in 1949 after leaving government service.Whittaker Chambers, a former Communist Party member, was accused of espionage on August 3, 1948, by the House Committee on Un-American Activities. Chambers is a senior editor at Time magazine. Chambers claimed that he knew Hiss was a member of an underground organization of the United States Communist Party. Harold Ware, an American communist intent on organizing black and white tenant farmers in the American South against exploitation and debt peonage by the cotton industry, died in 1935. The purpose of the group at that time was not espionage. It was supposed to be used to spy on the American government. One of the objectives was espionage.Tim says this was a crucial point. Political influence was immoral, but not illegal. Espionage can be punished by death. The distinction was not lost on Congressman Richard Nixon. He was studying the FBI's files for five months. Nixon launched his political career in pursuit of Hiss and the alleged secret Communists of the New Deal. Chambers went to Assistant Secretary of State Adolf A. Berle, Jr. to accuse Hiss of being part of an underground communist cell at the Department of Agriculture.Chambers made this allegation to the FBI. Two other sources implicated Hiss. In 1945, a cipher clerk at the Soviet Embassy in Canada defected to the Soviet Union and remained in Canada. In exchange for asylum, Gouzenko offered to Canadian authorities evidence about a Soviet espionage network actively working to acquire information about nuclear weapons, along with information that an unnamed assistant to the U.S. Secretary of State was a Soviet. Hoover assumed Gouzenko was referring to <mask> Hiss. The FBI Silvermaster File shows that three months after Glasser was taken away, an American spy for the Soviet Union told the FBI that someone had taken him away. She said that the man in question worked in the State Department and was an adviser to Dean Acheson.The FBI decided that <mask> Hiss was the likely match in both cases. Hoover put a wiretap on Hiss's phone and had him and his wife investigate for two years. Hiss insisted on appearing before HUAC to clear himself after he protested his innocence. He denied ever being a communist or having met Chambers. The Committee was reluctant to investigate a man under fire from the press and President Truman. Richard Nixon later described Hiss's demeanor that day as "insolent", "condescending", and "insulting in the extreme". Nixon received secret information about the FBI's suspicions from a Roman Catholic priest who had been in Baltimore during World War II to report on communist activities.The most influential Communist in the State Department has been <mask> <mask>. With some reluctance, the Committee voted to make Nixon chair of a subcommittee that would seek to determine who was lying, Hiss or Chambers, at least on the question of whether they knew one another. Hiss showed a photograph of Chambers and asked to see him in person. In a New York hotel where HUAC was holding a session, Hiss was confronted with the fact that he had known Chambers, but under a different name. He said that in the 1930s he sublet his apartment to this "Crosley" and gave him an old car. Chambers admitted to Hiss's lawyers in private testimony that it could have been one of his pen names, though he denied ever having used the name Crosley. On August 17, 1948, Hiss and Chambers both appeared before a HUAC subcommittee.Did you ever use the name George Crosley? There are chambers. Not to my knowledge. It's hiss. Did you sublet an apartment from me? There are chambers. I did not.It's hiss. Did you not? There are chambers. No. It's hiss. Did you ever spend time with your wife and child in an apartment on Twenty-ninth Street in Washington, when I was not there, because you and your family were living on P Street? There are chambers.I definitely did. It's hiss. Did you or did not? There are chambers. I did. It's hiss. How do you reconcile your negative answers with this affirmative answer?There are chambers. Very easy, Alger. You and I were both Communists. Chambers's statements were privileged against defamation suits because they were made in a Congressional hearing. Hiss challenged Chambers to repeat them without benefit of such protection. Hiss had an attorney file a libel lawsuit against Chambers after he called Hiss a communist. Chambers retaliated by claiming Hiss was not merely a communist, but also a spy, a charge he had not made earlier, and on November 17, 1948, he produced physical evidence consisting of sixty-five pages of re-typed State Department documents. These were known as the "Baltimore documents".Chambers claimed that Hiss gave them to him in 1938 and that the Hisses' typewriter was used to retype them for him to pass along to the Soviets. One of the handwritten notes copied the contents of a telegram that was sent January 28, 1938, related to the November and December 1937 arrest and disappearance of a Latvian-born man and his wife, an American citizen. Hiss and Francis Sayre did not recall the incident. Hiss initially denied writing the note, but experts confirmed his handwriting. Sayre told his questioners that the telegram was unrelated to Hiss's duties and that he couldn't understand why he was on the distribution list for the cable. Chambers and Hiss denied committing espionage in their previous testimony. Chambers admitted he lied when he introduced the Baltimore documents.Chambers gave a new date for his break with the Communist Party, an important point in his accusations against Hiss. He claimed to have quit the Party in 1937. Chambers claimed the actual date was sometime in early March 1938, the year of the "Baltimore documents", and finally settled during the trial on April 15, 1938. On December 2, Chambers led HUAC investigators to a pumpkin patch on his Maryland farm, where he hid them the previous day, and produced five rolls of 35mm film that he said came from Hiss. There were images of State Department documents that were classified at the time, even though some of the film was undeveloped and some contained images of trivial content. The film and the Baltimore documents became known as the "Pumpkin Papers" due to the dramatic staging of the revelation. The grand jury charged Hiss with two counts of perjury, but they did not indict him for espionage since the period of limitations had expired.Chambers was not charged with a crime. He went to trial twice. The first trial was presided over by Judge Samuel Kaufman and ended in a hung jury. Chambers admitted on the witness stand that he had lied several times while he was under oath. Adlai Stevenson, Supreme Court Justices Felix Frankfurter and Stanley Reed, and former Democratic presidential candidate John W. Davis were some of Hiss's character

masks:
Alger Hiss
Hiss
Alger
Charles Alger
Alger
Charles Hiss
Alger
Charles Hiss
Alger
Donald Hiss
Alger
Alger
Alger
Alger
Alger
Hiss


title: Alger Hiss

texts: witnesses at his first trial. President Truman called the investigation a red herring. The second trial was held from November 17, 1949 to January 21, 1950.The key to the prosecution's case was testimony from expert witnesses who said that the Baltimore documents were similar to samples typed on a typewriter owned by the Hisses. The typewriter was presented as evidence by the prosecution. It was located years ago by defense investigators. A jury couldn't agree on a verdict in this trial. According to one of Hiss's friends and lawyers, Helen Buttenweiser, the only time that she had ever seen <mask> shocked was when eight of his fellow citizens did not believe him. In the second trial, Hede Massing, an Austrian-born confessed Soviet spy, who was being threatened with deportation, and whom the first judge had not permitted to testify, provided some corroboration of Chambers's story. She said she met Hiss at a party.Massing described how Hiss tried to get Noel Field, another Soviet spy at State, to switch to his own. The jury found Hiss guilty. After he was found guilty, Hiss only spoke two sentences in court. The judge was thanked first. One day in the future, it would be disclosed how forgery by typewriter had been committed. On January 25, 1950, Hiss was sentenced to five years' imprisonment on each of the two counts. Secretary of State Dean Acheson said at the press conference that he did not intend to turn his back on <mask> Hiss.In the Bible, Jesus said, "I was a stranger and he took me in, naked and clothed me, I was sick and he visited me, I was in prison and he came unto me." Nixon called Acheson's words sacrilege. The Supreme Court of the United States denied a writ of certiorari after the verdict was upheld by the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit. The public was concerned about Soviet espionage penetration of the U.S. government in the 1930s and 1940s. As a well-educated and highly connected government official from an old American family, <mask> Hiss did not fit the profile of a typical spy. Nixon moved from the U.S. House of Representatives to the U.S. Senate in 1950, to the Vice Presidency of the United States in 1952, and finally to President of the United States in 1968. Two weeks after the Hiss verdict, Senator Joseph McCarthy made his famous speech at Wheeling, West Virginia, launching his career as the nation's most visible anti-communist.<mask> <mask> was sent to a maximum security federal facility on March 22, 1951. Although he had been sentenced to five years' imprisonment, Hiss only served three years and eight months in Lewisburg Federal Prison. He was released from prison in 1954. Hiss was a volunteer attorney, adviser, and tutor while in prison. After being disbarred, Hiss worked as a salesman for the stationery company S. Novick & Sons in New York City. In the Court of Public Opinion, a book challenging in detail the prosecution's case against him, and maintaining the typewritten documents traced to his typewriter had been forged. His first wife, Priscilla, died in 1984 and he separated from her in 1959.Isabel Johnson had been living with him since they met in 1960. Hiss appeared on the Howard K. Smith: News and Comment show in 1962, following Richard Nixon's failed bid for governor of California. The Chicago Tribune reported targets of Hiss's "invective" and whom he "denounced as conspirators in a monstrous plot to convict him on evidence." His appearance led sponsors to withdraw from Smith's program when viewers complained about his appearance on air. In June 1963, Smith's show was canceled. The five rolls of 35mm film known as the "pumpkin papers" were thought to be locked in HUAC files until late 1974 after being characterized as highly classified and too sensitive to reveal. Stephen W. Salant, an economist at the University of Michigan, sued the U.S. Justice Department when it denied his request for access to them under the Freedom of Information Act.On July 31, 1975, as a result of this lawsuit and follow-on suits filed by Peter Irons and <mask> Hiss, the Justice Department released copies of the "pumpkin papers" that had been used to implicate Hiss. One roll of film turned out to be blank due to overexposure, two others are faintly legible copies of non-classified Navy Department documents relating to life rafts and fire extinguishers, and the remaining two are photographs of the State Department documents that had been introduced at the two. Hiss was readmitted to the Massachusetts bar a few days after the release of the Pumpkin Papers. Despite his conviction, the Supreme Judicial Court overruled the Committee of Bar Overseers and stated that Hiss was fit to be an attorney. He was the first lawyer to be readmitted to the Massachusetts bar after a criminal conviction. In 1988 Hiss wrote an autobiography in which he maintained his innocence. Four days after his 92nd birthday, he died from emphysema at a New York City hospital.His friends and family are adamant about his innocence. Hiss was married to a grade school teacher. A three-year-old boy was born to a woman who was previously married to another man. Tony Hiss was the son of <mask> and Priscilla. Five years after his imprisonment, the couple separated after 30 years of marriage. Isabel Johnson was introduced to Hiss in the 1960's. He asked for a divorce so they could marry, but she didn't give him one.Howard Fast, recipient of the Stalin Peace Prize, and Johnson had a previous relationship. Hiss and Johnson married in 1986. In 1952, former US Ambassador to France William C. Bullitt testified before the Senate Internal Security Subcommittee that in 1939 he was advised of French intelligence reports. Daladier told reporters that he didn't recall the conversation from 13 years ago. Nathaniel Weyl, a former Communist Party member who had worked for the Department of Agriculture during the early days of the New Deal, was called to testify before the committee. Weyl told the FBI that in 1933 he was part of a secret Communist Party unit along with Harold Ware and Lee Pressman and that <mask> Hiss was present at some meetings. Weyl's testimony appears to corroborate some of Chambers's allegations.Treason: The Story of Disloyalty and Betrayal in American History was published in 1950 and did not mention the Ware Group. Weyl doubted that <mask> Hiss had been guilty of espionage. FBI typewriter experts testified at both trials that the Baltimore documents in Chambers's possession matched samples of typing done on the Hisses' home typewriter in the 1930s. The testimony at both trials was directed to compare two sets of typed documents and not the typewriter. In December 1948, the chief investigator for the Hiss defense set off to find Hiss's typewriter. The Hiss family had discarded the typewriter some years ago, and the FBI was looking for it. Schmahl was able to find it first, and the Hiss defense introduced it to show that it wasn't a match for the FBI's documents.The FBI's evidence was confirmed by the excellent match of the typefaces. Schmahl went to work for the prosecution after changing sides. His lawyer, Chester T. Lane, filed a motion for a new trial in January of 1952 after receiving a tip that Hiss might have been framed. Lane wanted to show that forgery by typewriter was feasible and that it was responsible for the spy papers in the Hiss case. The Hiss defense was unaware that the military intelligence services had already established the feasibility of such forgeries, so they hired a civilian typewriter expert, Martin Tytell, to create a typewriter that would be indistinguishable from the one they already had. Tytell created a facsimile Woodstock typewriter that would match the characteristics of the Hiss typewriter. The defense wanted to show that Exhibit #UUU was not Hiss's old machine but a newer one that was altered to type like it.The production date of a machine could be inferred from its serial number. The man who sold the Hiss machine had retired from the company and the salesman insisted that he did not sell any typewriters after his retirement. When FBI files were made public under the Freedom of Information Act, it was discovered that the FBI had doubts about the trial exhibit being Hiss's machine, despite the FBI expressing these concerns internally as the first trial was about to begin. Lane assembled experts to testify that Exhibit #UUU had been tampered with in a way inconsistent with professional repair work to make it type like Hiss's old typewriter. Experts were prepared to testify that Hiss was not the person who typed the Baltimore documents. In his motion for a new trial, Lane told the court that he no longer questioned the authenticity of Woodstock. I told the court that the typewriter in evidence at the trials is a fake machine.I will be able to show at the hearing that this machine is a deliberately fabricated job, a new type face on an old body. It can only have been planted on the defense by or on behalf of Whittaker Chambers as part of his plot for the false incrimination of <mask> Hiss. In July 1952 Judge Goddard denied Hiss's motion for a new trial, expressing great skepticism that Chambers had the resources, knew how to commit forgery by typewriter, and would have known where to plant a fake machine so it would be found. He did not address the possibility that someone other than Chambers might have been involved in faking the typewriter. In 1976, five years after he left the FBI, William C. Sullivan received a call from <mask> Hiss. He wanted me to tell him if the typewriter that helped convict him of a perjury charge was a fake. Richard Nixon, who was in charge of the investigation, was given every possible assistance.Hoover would have been happy if Nixon asked the FBI to make evidence for his case. I told Hiss that the typewriter wasn't made in the FBI lab. I didn't tell him that we wouldn't have been able to do it. In July 1978 the Hiss defense filed a petition for a writ of coram nobis in federal court, asking that the guilty verdict be overturned due to prosecutorial malfeasance. The petition was denied by the Federal Court and the Supreme Court declined to hear it. Hiss's attorneys argued that the FBI illegally hid important evidence from his defense team and that typewritten documents could be forged. Unbeknownst to the defense, military intelligence operatives in World War II, a decade before the trials, could reproduce the imprint of any typewriter on earth.Regarding the Woodstock No. The 230099 typewriter was introduced as Exhibit #UUU by the defense at the trial, but the FBI knew there was a discrepancy between the serial number and the manufacture date of Hiss's machine. The FBI had an informer on the Hiss defense team. Schmahl was hired by the Hiss defense team to report on their defense strategy. Before and during the trials, phone taps and mail openings were conducted by the FBI. There was no evidence that Hiss was a spy or a communist, despite the fact that the prosecution had kept Hiss and his lawyers in the dark. "There is not a trace of any evidence that Chambers had the mechanical skills, tools," was quoted by Federal Judge Owen in denying Hiss's coram nobis petition.Schmahl was a special agent in the Counter Intelligence Corps who was trained by the Army. Schmahl told the FBI that he was employed by Military Intelligence in December 1948 while he was on the payroll of the Hiss defense. CIC agents were taught how to detect forgery by matching typed samples with the typewriters that produced them. During the 1940s, the CIC was so covert that it usually escaped notice. Since only the Bureau was authorized to investigate civilians, undercover CIC agents were often mistaken for FBI agents. Chambers received information about U.S. Army weapons from a civilian who was employed at the Aberdeen Proving Ground. More than a hundred undercover CIC agents were in attendance when Hiss presided over the UN Charter Conference.According to John Dean's memoir, President Nixon admitted in a conversation that HUAC had fabricated a typewriter, saying, "We built one on the Hiss case." When Dean's book was published, Colson protested that he had no recollection of Nixon saying the typewriter wasphonied, and Nixon himself characterized the claim as false. Dean's notes confirmed that Colson had quoted the President as he indicated and seemed serious when he did so. "'If Nixon had asked the FBI to make evidence to prove his case against Hiss,' opined former FBI Assistant Director Sullivan, 'Hoover would actually been only too glad to oblige.'' As to whether Nixon would have gone as far as to frame Hiss, the later record includes instances of forgery or planting false information. According to John V. Fleming, Nixon never said anything that would corroborate Colson's statement to John Dean about forging a typewriter. The phrase "we made a typewriter" is actually a reference to Hiss's legal team, according to Fleming and others.We won the Hiss case in the papers because Nixon stressed how he had tried Hiss in the press. We did. I leaked stuff all over the place. The Justice Department wouldn't prosecute it. Hoover did not cooperate. The papers had it won. The papers were leaked by me.The testimony was leaked out by me. I had Hiss convicted before he got to the grand jury. It wasn't done waiting for the courts. According to Anthony Summers, there is one substantive piece of information indicating typewriter forgery. In late 1948, when the Hiss defense and the FBI began hunting for the Woodstock typewriter, a man named Horace Schmahl joined the defense team as an investigator. Schmahl joined the Central Intelligence Group after working for either the army intelligence or the OSS during the war. Schmahl left the Hiss side to join the prosecution team.The evidence indicates the possibility of a different Woodstock for the Hiss machine in the months after Hiss's indictment. Records in the Hungarian Interior Ministry archives show that Noel Field named <mask> Hiss as a fellow agent. After graduating from Harvard in 1929, Field went to work for the US Foreign Service and helped refugees from the Spanish Civil War. During World War II, Field, who never concealed he was a communist, headed a Unitarian Services organization to aid displaced persons in Marseilles, before fleeing toGeneva, where he collaborated with Allen Dulles of the OSS. Field and his wife were living in Switzerland when the Hiss trials started. Field had been fired from the U.S.-based Unitarian Service Committee for his communist associations. Wanting to avoid returning to the United States and having to testify before Congress, Field traveled to

masks: Alger Alger Alger Alger Hiss Alger Hiss Alger Alger Alger Alger Alger


title: Alger Hiss

texts: the Czech Republic in hopes of being hired as a lecturer at the Charles University.He was secretly imprisoned in Hungary after being seized by Stalinist security services. Field was held in solitary confinement for five years after he was accused of organizing an anti-communist resistance network in Eastern Europe for the new CIA. Field confessed to being the "head of the U.S. Secret Service" under the control of Allen Dulles. Field referred to Hiss as a Soviet agent four times when he was "rehabilitated" after the torture had stopped. I told him he had come too late. This agreed with Hede Massing's assertion to US authorities in 1947 that when she attempted to recruit Noel Field for one Soviet spy network, he already worked for another. At Hiss's second trial, she testified that at a party at Noel Field's house in 1935, she joked with Hiss about recruiting Noel Field.Field was exonerating by the Hungarian secret police in 1954. He wrote a letter to the Communist Party's Central Committee in Moscow stating that the tortures he had undergone in captivity had made him lie more and more. Hiss's defenders believe that Field's implications may have been one of the lies. Field lived in communist Hungary until he died. Hede Massing's dinner party story was called an "outrageous lie" by Field in 1957, as he continued to maintain Hiss was innocent. The existence of the World War II Venona project, in which thousands of telegrams were sent from 1940 to 1948 to the primary Soviet foreign intelligence, was made public in 1995. Venona was kept secret from Truman even though he was known to the FBI.One cable, Venona #1822, mentioned a Soviet spy named "ALES" who worked with a group of "Neighbors", members of another Soviet intelligence organization. FBI Special Agent Robert J. Lamphere concluded that the codename "ALES" was probably <mask> Hiss. The Venona evidence is called "persuasive but not conclusive" in the second edition of Allen Weinstein's 1978 book Perjury: The Hiss-Chambers Case. The Moynihan Commission on Government Secrecy was chaired by Democratic Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan. Also, that of Harry Dexter White of the Treasury Department. In his 1998 book Secrecy: The American Experience, Moynihan wrote, "Belief in the guilt or innocence of <mask> Hiss became a defining issue in American intellectual life." The American government had conclusive evidence of his guilt, but never told.Harvey Klehr, professor of political science at Emory University, and John Earl Haynes, historian of twentieth-century politics at the Library of Congress, have mounted an energetic defense of Lamphere's conclusion that ALES referred to <mask> Hiss. National Security Agency analysts believe that ALES could only have been <mask> Hiss. According to the Venona transcript, ALES went to Moscow after attending the February 5–11, 1945, Yalta conference. Secretary of State Stettinius traveled to Moscow with him. Some question whether Venona #1822 is definitive proof that ALES was Hiss. ALES was said to be the leader of a small group of espionage agents but, apart from using his wife as a typist and Chambers as a courier, Hiss was alleged by the prosecution to have acted alone. The small group consisted of <mask>, his wife, and brother.ALES was a military intelligence agent who only provided State Department material. During his trial, <mask> <mask>, an employee of the State Department, was accused of having obtained only non-military information, and the papers he was accused of having passed to the Soviets on a regular basis were non-military, State Department documents. Since Whittaker Chambers had broken with the Communist Party and gone into hiding, he would not have continued espionage activities as ALES did. It would have been too risky for the Soviet agency to continue using him if he had been ALES. According to Lowenthal, ALES was not at the Yalta conference and that the cable was directed to the soviet deputy foreign minister. In paragraph six of Venona #1822, the GRU asks Vyshinsky to get in touch with ALES to convey thanks for a job well done, which would have been unnecessary if ALES had actually gone to Moscow. The analysis was disputed by the Center for Air Force History.The original Russian of the Venona texts were released in 2005. The Russian text of Venona #1822 made clear that ALES was at Yalta, according to intelligence historian John R. Schindler. John Earl Haynes and Harvey Klehr argued that the evidence presented at the Hiss trial did not preclude the possibility that Hiss could have been an espionage agent after 1938. After Chambers's defection in 1938, the Soviets considered it an acceptable risk for him to continue his espionage work, even though his charges were not seriously investigated until 1945. Lowenthal's analysis is impossible because Vyshinsky was not in the U.S. between Yalta and the time of the Venona message. "HISS" was mentioned by name in an earlier Venona document. There is a partially decrypted cable that contains fragments of a 1943 message from the GRU chief in New York to headquarters in Moscow.Both <mask> and Hiss were State Department officials at that time. If <mask> Hiss really was a spy, the GRU would not have mentioned his real name in a transmission. The best match for ALES was suggested by the authors at the April 2007, symposium, based on the movements of officials present at Yalta. Foote was in Mexico City when ALES was put there, whereas Hiss was in Washington. Haynes and Klehr pointed out that Foote was publishing newspapers in Vermont at the time when ALES was said to have been working for Soviet military intelligence and that the cable came from someone who managed. Mark argues that Hiss was the one possible candidate who could have been ALES, as Foote was never shown to be associated with the communists or any foreign intelligence services. Oleg Gordievsky was a high-ranking KGB agent.He was recruited as a double agent by the British in 1974 and wrote a series of memoirs, one of which was The KGB. He claimed that his codename was "ALES". After the Venona cables were made public, it was revealed that the source for the ALES identity was an article by journalist Thomas Powell, who had seen National Security Agency documents. The British media challenged Gordievsky's status as a reliable source. "Like <mask> <mask>, who went to his death pretending innocence, Morton Sobell has spent his entire life." The full contents of the letters written by former President Nixon and John H. Taylor are not yet public. The Russian archives found no evidence that <mask> was involved in espionage for the Soviet Union or that he was a member of the Communist Party.He stated that he only spent two days on the search and relied on the word of KGB archives. He said that he didn't have a reason to claim a full clarification. He said that John Lowenthal pushed him to say things that he was not fully convinced of. General-Lieutenant Vitaly Pavlov, who ran Soviet intelligence work in North America in the late 1930s and early 1940s for the NKVD, said that Hiss never worked for the USSR as an agent. General Julius Kobyakov, a retired Russian intelligence official, said in 2003 that he had searched the files for Volkogonov. Hiss was accused of being with the GRU, a military intelligence organization that was separate from the SVR predecessors. In 2007, a Russian researcher argued that Hiss was not implicated in espionage based on documents she reviewed.In May 2009, at a conference hosted by the Wilson Center, Mark Kramer, director of Cold War Studies at Harvard University at the John F. Kennedy School of Government stated that he did not trust a word that Gorbachev said. The Rise and Fall of the KGB in America was published by Haynes, Klehr, and Alexander Vassiliev in 2009. The authors tried to prove that <mask> <mask> was a Soviet spy and that he also went by the code names "Jurist" and "Leonard" while working for the GRU. The documentation brought back by Vassiliev refers to Hiss by his actual name, leaving no room for doubt about his guilt. To serious students of history continued claims for Hiss's innocence are akin to a terminal case of ideological blindness, according to Haynes and Klehr. According to a review published in the Journal of Cold War Studies, the documents show that Hiss was an agent of the Soviet military intelligence in the 1930s. According to Newsweek magazine, Civil Rights Movement historian David Garrow believes that Spies provides irrefutable confirmation of Hiss's guilt.Historians such as D. D. Guttenplan, Jeff Kisseloff, and Amy Knight accused the authors of engaging in "shoddy" research in their conclusions. Guttenplan states that Haynes and Klehr never saw the documents that supposedly convict Hiss and others of espionage, but only relied on handwritten notebooks by Vassiliev, who was given access to the Soviet archives in the 1990s. Despite being required to leave his files and notebooks in a safe at the KGB press office at the end of each day, Vassiliev was able to sneak out his notebooks with his extensive transcriptions of documents. Historians, archivists, and intelligence professionals unanimously agreed that the material was genuine, according to Haynes and Klehr. Guttenplan suggested that Vassiliev might have omitted relevant facts and replaced them with his own idea of the real names of people. According to Guttenplan, Boris Labusov, a press officer of the SVR, the successor to the KGB, has stated that Vassiliev could not in the course of his research have possibly met the name of <mask> Hiss. According to Guttenplan, Vasiliev admitted under oath in 2003 that he had never seen a document linking Hiss with the cover name "Ales".According to a 1950 memo, a senior State Department official had recently been convicted in an American court. <mask> Hiss was the only senior American diplomat to have been convicted of espionage. Historian Jeff Kisseloff questions Haynes and Klehr's conclusion that Vassiliev's notes support Hede Massing's story about talking to Hiss at a party in 1935 about recruiting their mutual friend and host Noel Field into the communist underground. According to Kisseloff, "all that the files Vassiliev saw really indicate is that she was telling yet another version of her story in the 1930s." As an agent in Washington, D.C., who was having little success in the tasks assigned to her, she may have felt pressure to make up a few triumphs to assure her superiors. Kisseloff disagrees with Haynes and Klehr's claim that Harold Glasser was a Soviet agent. According to Kisseloff, some of the evidence compiled by Haynes and Klehr exonerates Hiss."I don't know for sure who Hiss is connected with" is what the New York station chief wrote in a KGB report from 1938. The agent who used the name "Doctor" was claimed to be Hiss. According to Soviet sources, "Doctor" was a middle-aged Bessarabian Jew who was educated in Vienna. Other historians felt that Haynes and Klehr's information was suspect because their publisher, Crown, obtained temporary and limited access to KGB files through a payment of money to a pension fund for retired KGB agents. Vassiliev's data was not verified by other historians. Vassiliev sued John Lowenthal for libel in a British court of law after he published a journal article questioning his conclusions. The Times reprimanded Vassiliev for trying to exert a "chilling effect" on scholarship by resorting to the law courts.Amazon.com was sued by Vassiliev for publishing a customer review that was critical of his work. Weinstein's book Perjury was the subject of an interview with six people who claimed to have been misquoted. One, Sam Krieger, won a cash payment from Weinstein, who issued an apology and promised to correct future editions of his book, but he failed to do so. Also see the books Brady, Joan and Hiss Donald Hiss. The case of Nixon was rigged. Skyscraper Publications is located in London, UK. Cook, Fred J.The story of <mask> <mask> is incomplete. William Morrow was born in New York. "Curt" is the name of the person. The man and the secrets of J. Edgar Hoover. W. W.Norton was in New York in 1991. Lewis Hartshorn. Whittaker Chambers and <mask> <mask> were involved in the case that sparked McCarthyism.In Jefferson, North Carolina, there is a building. Susan Jacoby was born in 2009. The Battle for History was written by <mask> Hiss. Yale University Press is in New Haven. They were Morton and Michael Levitt. There is a tissue of lies. New York: McGraw Hill.David Lowenthal. The <mask> case yielded a noteworthy victory. The American Historical Association Perspectives was published in 2004. William Howard Moore. The true story of the friendship between <mask> <mask> and Whittaker Chambers is told in Two Foolish Men. Moorup Smith and John Chalbot. The true story of <mask> Hiss.New York, Holt Rinehart. Anthony Summers was born in 2000. The secret world of Richard Nixon was covered in The Arrogance of Power. The company is called Penguin-Putnam Inc. The American Scholar published articles on "The Mystery of Ales (expanded version)". "The Alger Hiss Case; A Half-Century of Controversy" was written by John Erhman. Searchable by the website: www.cia.gov.A Non-Definitive History is a book about letting documents talk. There are documents from formerly secret Soviet and other Eastern and Central European archives. The 1976 edition of Weinstein's Perjury Fetter was reviewed. "<mask> Hiss at Yalta: A Reassessment of Hiss's Arguments against Including Any of the Soviet Republics as Initial UN Members." There is a journal about cold war studies. There is a detailed critique of the book Looking-Glass Wars by <mask> Hiss. "In the Court of Historical Criticism: <mask> <mask>'s Narrative" was published in 1976.David Levin was born in 1978. The Virginia Quarterly Review Online published "Perjury, History, and Unreliable witnesses". 825–32. David Lowenthal. Did Allen Weinstein get his story wrong? A review of Weinstein's "Perjury" "Joan Brady says <mask> Hiss was framed by Nixon", The Guardian, October 19, 2015.Ellen was read online on December 14, 2009. John Earl Haynes, Harvey Klehr, and Alexander Vassiliev's Spies: The Rise and Fall of the KGB in America was reviewed. The Diplo Roundtable Review was held on December 14, 2009. The 1930s and 1940s espionage context is discussed. Weinberg wrote "Not Guilty as Charged: A RevisedVerdict for <mask> Hiss". The Champion, May/June 2008, Page 18. 20th century American lawyers 1904 births 1996 deaths American male non-fiction writers American people in the Venona papers American people of German descent Anti-communism in the United States Baltimore

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