title: Jean Peters

texts: <mask> was an American film actress. She was a star of 20th Century Fox in the late 1940s and early 1950s and the second wife of Howard Hughes. <mask> was best known for her role in Pickup on South Street, but she was also known for her resistance to being turned into a sex symbol. She preferred playing down-to-earth women. <mask> appeared in four TV productions between 1973 and 1988 after her retirement. <mask> was born on October 15, 1926, in East Canton, Ohio, the daughter of Elizabeth Diesel and <mask>, a laundry manager. <mask> grew up on a small farm in East Canton.She was raised as a Methodist. She majored in literature at Ohio State University after finishing college at the University of Michigan. She was studying for a teaching degree at Ohio State when she was crowned Miss Ohio State in 1945. She won a screen test with 20th Century-Fox. Robinson helped her secure a seven-year contract with Fox as her agent. She dropped out of college to become an actress. <mask> returned to college in the late 1940s to finish her work and get a degree.She would play an "ugly duckling" in her first film, I Wonder Who's Kissing Her Now. She left the film. <mask> was tested for a farm girl role. Scudda Hay! She wasn't suitable for the producer and director. Linda Darnell was replaced as the female lead in Captain from Castile by <mask> in order to save the production. <mask> was well known even though she hadn't made her screen debut.She was treated well during the filming. The captain was hit. <mask> spent the new decade playing sexy spitfires in period dramas and Westerns. She refused the role in the western Yellow Sky because it was too sexy. She was put on her first suspension because of her stubbornness. <mask> and King worked together on her second film, Deep Waters, which was filmed in late 1947. She commented: "It's really a break for me, because he knows where he's going and what he wants, and I naturally have great confidence in him."<mask> was again noticed in the film, even though it was not as successful as Captain from Castile. She was one of the five best finds of the year. She was next to co-star in Mr. Belvedere Goes to College withShirley Temple. <mask> played Ray Milland's love interest in It Happens Every Spring. The studio overruled her offer to bleach her hair. Most of the publicity was for Milland's performance. <mask> had to wear a dress so snug that she was unable to sit in Love That Brute, a film she 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611 888-270-6611<mask> was cast in the film in June 1949 after the release of It Happens Every Spring. <mask> took a few lessons with Betty Grable's dance instructor to prepare for a singing and dancing scene. <mask> had been playing lead roles since 1947, but she was almost forgotten by the public by 1950. She was cast in a secondary role as a college girl in Take Care of My Little Girl. According to a Long Beach newspaper, <mask> gained her role by impressing <mask>co with her sewing. She was famous for playing a simple country girl, but as she grew up, the studio did not find her any more suitable roles. <mask> was given the title role in Anne of the Indies, which the press declared was the film that finally brought her fame.She was cast in Viva Zapata! It was opposite of Marlon Brando. Julie Harris was considered for the role. <mask> and Monroe had secondary roles in As Young as You Feel in 1951. <mask> was going to play the title role in Wait Till the Sun Shines, Nellie. This was the first time in a long time that <mask> received a lot of publicity. <mask> was honored with the title 'Miss Wheatheart of America' while shooting the film.<mask> worked in the studio O. Henry's Full House. She and Jeffrey Hunter starred in Lure of the Wilderness. <mask>net Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet Hughesnet <mask> had the right blend of sex appeal and streetwise quality that he was looking for. He said that Monroe was too innocent to be looking for a role. Both Betty Grable andShelley Winters turned it down. <mask> was not happy with her role because of her attractiveness.She preferred playing less glamorous parts as she had done with Anne of the Indies. The Lure of the Wilderness was released in 1952. <mask> refused to bleach her hair because she didn't want to be compared to Winters and Grable. She agreed to a sexy shuffle for the role. Marilyn Monroe helped her understand the role of a siren. <mask> said in an interview that she was not willing to take on other roles, but later said that she had enjoyed making the film. Pickup on South Street was fine for my career, but that doesn't mean I'm going to put on a tight sweater and skirt and slither around.I'm not the type. It looks good on Marilyn Monroe. It would look silly on me. <mask> said that playing down-to-earth and sometimes unwashed women have the most to offer in the way of drama. She said that <mask> and Monroe starred in a movie together. <mask> replaced Anne Baxter in O. Henry's Full House. The summer of 1952 was when the shooting of Niagara took place.The film became a vehicle for Monroe, who was more successful, because <mask>' character was initially the leading role. <mask> and Joseph Cotten starred in her third film. She told the press that she liked playing in the film because it allowed her to sing, but there was no song in the picture. <mask>' contract was renewed by the studio after the film's premiere. She played the role of Vicki in the noir film. The story of the film was bought by the writer as a vehicle for <mask>. <mask> was given the role in December 1952 because she was one of the greatest sirens he had ever seen.The film Three Coins in the Fountain was shot in Italy in the late 1950s and was replaced by <mask>. In a September 1953 interview, <mask> said that she thought she would finally have the kind of role that suited her. They sounded smart. When I read the script in Italy, I realized I was going to be a girl like that again. The script almost killed me. The film brought <mask> back into the spotlight. The westerns Apache and Broken Lance were co-starring <mask>.She was praised for her performance in Apache. One critic said she was on her way to becoming one of the finest young actresses around Hollywood. In A Man Called Peter, <mask> played Catherine Marshall, the wife of Peter Marshall, a Presbyterian minister and Chaplain of the United States Senate. After the release of A Man Called Peter, <mask> refused several roles and was placed on suspension by the studio. <mask> decided to retire and focus on her private life. She retired from acting after marrying Howard Hughes. Jerry Wald tried to convince her to stay in Hollywood.She reported in 1957 that she was planning on becoming a producer after being discouraged from continuing as an actress. <mask> was going to return to the screen for a supporting role in The Best of Everything. Despite her earlier announcement, she never produced a film. When the press reported that <mask> was considering three film offers and a weekly TV series for the 1970–1971 season, there were rumors of a return to acting. Winesburg, Ohio was a television movie. She didn't like the show or her performance. I found it dull.She said at the beginning that she was fond of the script. It's the right age for me. I don't have to pretend I'm a glamour girl. William Windom said she was "warm, friendly and charming" on the set. <mask> played a supporting role in The Moneychangers. She said that she would be darned if she knew why she took the role. I think there is a moment of madness.Ross Hunter asked me if I wanted to be in The Moneychangers, after I ran into him. It seemed like a lot of fun. It's a nice part and I admire Christopher Plummer, who I play opposite. <mask> appeared in a film called Peter and Paul. Murder, She Wrote was her last acting performance. <mask> lived with her aunt, Melba Diesel, after landing a contract in Hollywood. <mask> admitted at the beginning of her career that she didn't like fame because of the crowds.She was very serious about her career. <mask> wasn't a party girl according to <mask>. <mask> was liked by other contract players. No one ever said bad things about <mask> in the research and planning that went into the book. <mask> was friends with Marilyn Monroe. She befriended many actors during her career, including Joseph Cotten, David Niven, Ray Milland, and Marie McDonald. Both <mask> and Murphy were students at the Actors Lab.They had a good relationship before she met Howard Hughes. <mask> married a Texas oilman. They had only known each other for a few weeks when they married, and they separated a few months later. <mask> insisted that she would return to Hollywood after an eight-week leave from Fox. After her divorce from Cramer, <mask> married Howard Hughes. He retreated from public view and became an eccentric recluse. <mask> became a film actress before the couple met.<mask> said that she could not combine it with her career, despite the fact that there was talk of marriage in 1947. According to Jack Anderson, <mask> was the only woman Hughes ever loved. He had his security officers follow her even when they weren't in a relationship. Max Showalter became a close friend of <mask> during the shooting of the movie. <mask> retired from acting and social events in Hollywood during her marriage. Despite being protected by Hughes' security officers all day, she went through life unrecognized. <mask> said living in anonymity was easy because she didn't act like an actress.<mask> was involved in many activities during the marriage, including university studies, arts and crafts, and charitable work. <mask> and Hughes divorced in 1971. She agreed to a lifetime alimony payment of $70,000 annually, adjusted for inflation, and she didn't claim any of Hughes' estate. She refused to speak about the marriage in the media because she wanted to focus on the present and future. She wanted to avoid being known as Mrs. It would be difficult for Howard Hughes to live for the rest of her life. I'm realist.I know who the star is and what the score is. Stan Hough was an executive with 20th Century Fox. They were married until 1990. Two days before her 74th birthday, <mask> died of leukemia in Carlsbad, California. She was buried in California. Filmography Radio appearances include "The Day the Earth Stood Still" on January 4, 1954.

masks:
Elizabeth Jean Peters
Peters
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Elizabeth Jean Peters
Gerald Peters
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Jean Negules
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Peters Hughes
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Jeanne Crain
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Miss Peters
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title: Robert J. Reiley

type: paraphrased

texts: <mask><mask> was an American architect who worked in New York City in the early and mid twentieth century. He designed Catholic churches, schools, and hospitals in the Northeast. Growing up in New York City, <mask> was educated in the public school system. He attended two college prep schools in New York City. After graduating from the Columbia School of Architecture in 1900, he continued to network there throughout his career. He worked in Ernest Flagg's office as a draftsman for two years and later as supervisor of construction for Van Vleck and Goldsmith. After studying in Paris from 1903 to 1904, he formed a partnership with another Columbia graduate, Gustave Steinback.Many buildings for Roman Catholic clients throughout the Eastern United States were built by the firm, known as Reiley and Steinback. After the partnership was dissolved, both men went on to lengthy careers designing Roman Catholic churches. After taking his son, <mask> J. Reiley <mask>., into partnership, the firm was renamed Robert J. Reiley & ASSOCIATES. He designed a number of churches for the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York. His office was located at 50 East 41 Street from the 1920s to the 1950s. He was licensed to practice architecture in New York, New Jersey, Connecticut, Pennsylvania, North Carolina, and the District of Columbia. The firm banked with the Guaranty Trust Company on Fifth Avenue and 44th Street in New York City.Brother Cajetan Baumann, OFM, a Franciscan who was to design many modern buildings for Franciscan clients in the middle part of the 20th century, began his career in his office. A number of Catholic organizations were involved with Reiley. He was the director of the Catholic Camp Association, as well as the Alumni Federation of Columbia University. He designed hospitals and community buildings for service men during World War II and worked on a housing project during World War I. The architect <mask><mask> <mask>. was born in New York City on March 22, 1914. The Basilica of St. Stanislaus, Bishop & Martyr, Chicopee, MA was built in 1908. A four-story brick parish school was built for $250,000.A four-story brick convent was built in 1924 for $75,000. Girl's Catholic School in Brooklyn, NY, cost over a million dollars in 1924. The Church of the Most Holy Crucifix in New York City cost $1,200,000 in 1925. A five-story brick dwelling house for Ascension RC Church was built in 1927 for $100,000. 1929: Our Lady of Angels Church, Mermaid Avenue, Brooklyn, New York, cost $467,000 and was designed in the Art Deco style. St. Jean Baptiste's Church Brothers Apartment, a five-story brick brothers apartment building, was built in 1930. St. Jean Baptiste's Church Sisters Apartment, 163-175 East 75th Street and 170-198 East 76th Street, a five-storey brick sisters apartment house, was built in 1931.The cost of Saints Peter and Paul's Church was 515,500 in 1933. The Church of Our Lady of Guadalupe cost $150,000 in 1933. The Church of the Epiphany was built in 1936 for $50,000. The cost of Keating Hall was $1,000,000 in 1936. St. Benedict Joseph School in Queens, New York, cost $271,000 in 1939. One of their only known church buildings in New York City was designed by Maginnis & Walsh. In 2003 it was renamed St.Vincent Midtown Hospital.The <mask> <mask> Houses had a budget of $10 million. The cost of Our Lady of Perpetual Help Church was $363,000. The Holy Agony Church and Rectory was purchased for $250,000 in 1952. The Junior High School cost $3 million and the Lavelle School for the Blind cost $550,000. The Blessed Sacrament Church, Staten Island NY cost $247,000 in 1952. The Church of St. Theresa of the Infant Jesus cost $224,000. The Church of the Blessed Sacrament cost $175,000.The four-storey St. Joseph's Church rectory was built for $150,000. $3 million was spent on a junior high school in New York. St. Finbar's Community Center is located in Brooklyn, New York. The cost of <mask><mask>'s work was between $1,664,000 and 2 million. St. Peter's Hospital and Nurses Home cost between $1,200,000 and $2,500,000. The Nativity School and Convent cost $338,400 in 1932. St. Michael's Novitiate was established in 1939.The price for Englewood Cliffs, NJ was $400,000. The cost of the hospital was $350,000 to $400,000. The cost of St. Charles' Hospital (East Toledo, Ohio) was $4 million. The campus of Christ the King Seminary cost $1 million in 1951. St. Mary's Convent cost $240,000 in 1952. New Paltz Library, New Paltz, New York, cost $330,000 in 1952 for the New York State Teacher's College. The cost of the church was $326,500.St. Agnes Church in Dayton, OH, cost $400,000 in 1953. The school in Milltown, New Jersey, cost $350,000 in 1953. The cost of the Star of the Sea Convent is $90,157. The Columbia Graduate School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation alumni are Art Deco architects Gothic Revival architects Romanesque Revival architects Beaux Arts architects.

masks:
Robert J
. Reiley
Reiley
Robert
Jr
Robert J
. Reiley
Jr
James Weldon
Johnson
Robert J
. Reiley


title: Murat Kurnaz

texts: A Turkish citizen and legal resident of Germany, who is also a Turkish citizen, was held by the United States at its military base in Afghanistan and at the naval base in Cuba for more than a year. He was tortured in both places. Intelligence officials from the United States and Germany concluded that there were no grounds for the accusations. The US offered to release him, but Germany refused to accept him. The woman was held and abused for five more years. His memoir, Five Years of My Life: An Innocent Man in Guantanamo in German, was translated to other European languages and English. He testified about the treatment of people at the camp.He and his family are in Germany. The man who was arrested in Pakistan was born in Germany. He was considered a Turkish citizen because his parents were immigrants, but they had lived and worked in Germany for years. He was married to a Turkish woman in Germany. After traveling from Germany to Pakistan in 2001 to study at the Mansura Center, he spent the next two months as a tablighi, a Muslim pilgrim sojourning from mosque to mosque. In December 2001, while he was on a bus to the airport, he was stopped by the police at a checkpoint. They turned him over to American soldiers after questioning him for a few days.After the 9/11 attacks, the United States distributed fliers in Afghanistan and Pakistan promising "enough money to take care of your family, your village, your tribe for the rest of your life" as a bounty for suspected terrorists. A large number of men wound up in Guantnamo as a result. One of the interrogators said that he had been sold for a $3,000 bounty. A memoir of his years at Gitmo was published in German in 2007, and in English the following year. Most of the material from his account is contained in the following sections. He said that he was chained to the floor of an aircraft with other prisoners and kicked and beaten by US soldiers during a flight to Kandahar. His head was covered with a sack, but he could make out soldiers filming and photographing him.The US released such photos to the media as evidence of his capture in the Afghanistan war zone, despite the fact that all the prisoners had just been flown in from Pakistan. US soldiers stripped him naked and threw him into an outdoor pen with other prisoners. The prisoners were exposed to cold, rain and snow. Some MREs that had been opened and stripped of most of their contents were thrown over the fence by the soldiers. Human beings need more than 1,500 calories to survive. -8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873-8873 When he said he didn't know, punch him in the face."Hour upon hour, they repeated the same questions accompanied by punches and kicks," he recalled. His protestations of innocence were not believed by the interrogators. He saw soldiers beat another prisoner to death. The pain of the electric shocks applied to the soles of his feet caused him to pass out. He blacked out from lack of oxygen after his head was repeatedly pushed into a bucket of water. He was taken to a building where he was attached to a pulley from the ceiling, suspended by handcuffs on his wrists, and left to dangle for hours. Each time he was let down, a uniformed officer with a patch on his chest that said " doctor" examined him and took his pulse, said "okay," and the soldiers hoisted him back up again.They put his hands behind his back and hung him up. According to other prisoners, he was suspended by his arms for five days. He believes a prisoner in the room next to him died from being hung up by his arms. Soldiers in uniforms with the German flag came to question him. If they had to make a report, they could let German authorities know that he was being held at Kandahar. When he was Tortured in Cuba, he was given new orange overalls, his head was bound in a gas mask, and his ears were covered with soundproof headphones. He put his hands in a mitten.He was punched in the face, kicked in the genitals, and left on the ground after being blindfolded and handcuffed tightly. A group of people were chained together and herded onto a plane. The prisoners were not allowed to sleep because the soldiers kept hitting them. He felt like he had arrived in a different country when he felt the bright sun and heat. On the bus ride from the plane to the prison cages, soldiers continued to beat the prisoners and allowed dogs to bite them. After he was taken to a tent with his fingerprints and saliva taken, he was taken to a cage made of a chain link fence. He was going to live in a cage with three and a half by three and a half feet of free space for the next five years.The difference between the two prisons was designed to causemaximum pressure around the clock, to humiliate and brutalize, but to keep prisoners alive to get information. According to his account, six prisoners were killed, three of them were suffocated on one night and three of them were poisoned with food. US authorities later claimed that all six were suicides. In order to be punished for things like lying down or standing at the wrong time, touching a fence, talking or not looking at a guard, they used pepper spray and tear gas. He was beaten during interrogations. When he passed out from exhaustion, the interrogators hit him in the face and head because they couldn't think of a better way to keep him awake. The most common forms of abuse were beatings and leaving him in contorted positions.During "Operation Sandman", soldiers woke him every two hours to change cages, forced him to stand or kneel 24 hours a day, and deprived him of sleep for three weeks. They had to drag him from cage to cage after he was semi-conscious and not able to walk. She was put in a windowless refrigerator and put in solitary confinement. He was kept in a container in the Cuban sun and in a small box so that he couldn't breathe. He was beaten and deprived of food. Detained people were frightened by the treatment of other people. A military doctor had to amputate the legs of a Saudi prisoner.The soldiers beat the legless man's fingers off the chain link fence when he tried to sit on his toilet-bucket. He would return with his face bloodied from beatings after being dragged out for interrogations. A military surgeon had to amputate all of his fingers and leave only his thumbs. The dentist pulled the healthy teeth of a third person. The injuries, including fingers broken during interrogations, were not treated. He tried to avoid going to the doctor because of his health problems. I wanted to keep my teeth, fingers, and legs.By early 2002, American and German intelligence agencies had concluded that <mask> was not involved in terrorism. He was brutalized for five more years after being held at Gitmo. In 2004, he was brought before a military tribunal and declared an enemy combatant. The Combatant Status Review Tribunals began after the US Supreme Court ruled that prisoners had a right to due process. There were allegations in the Summary of Evidence memo that supported detaining a person as an "enemy combatant". The tribunal rules did not allow him to see or challenge his file. Selcuk, the alleged suicide bomber who traveled to the airport on the same bus with <mask>, was included in the evidence against him.Selcuk is married and lives in Germany with his family. Some mosques in Pakistan may have been associated with a suspected Islamic missionary group called Jama'at al Tablighi. The tribunal ruled that Kurnaz was an "enemy combatant" of Al Q'aeda. In October 2004, after two years of abuse and weeks after the tribunal had classified him as an "enemy combatant", a civilian American lawyer, Professor Baher Azmy from the Center for Constitutional Rights, succeeded in getting an interview with <mask>. Professor Azmy was able to prove that his family knew about his situation after he brought a handwritten letter from his mother. Azmy was assigned to the case by the US Center for Constitutional Rights, who was contacted by his mother's German lawyer. The clippings about his case were shown by Azmy.The first three prisoners were allowed to see an attorney. The US war in Iraq, a new government in Afghanistan, and a US judge's ruling that the military tribunals at the US prison in Cuba were unconstitutional were all shared with other prisoners. The most severe punishment there was for speaking to the lawyer and telling others what he had learned, and it was shut down for a month. They said he talked to the others about Jihad. It was worth it because we were connected to the world again. We knew what was happening outside. In a federal court in Washington, D.C., a lawyer challenged the legality of his client's confinement.In October 2004, a writ was submitted on his behalf. His case was reviewed and coordinated by Judge Joyce Hens Green of the US Appeals Court for the District of Columbia. The Combatant Status Review Tribunal documents were published by the Department of Defense. The entire file was declassified in 2005. The Washington Post published a summary of the evidence against him after the brief window when it was declassified. According to the file, neither German nor United States Army investigators found any evidence of a tie between him and Al-Qaeda, and they concluded in 2002 that he should be released. Despite continued abuse and interrogation, the US authorities continued to hold Kurnaz at Gitmo until the summer of 2006Rioting and deaths of inmates were witnessed. He said the incidents were usually triggered by US soldiers disrespecting the Koran. Inmates emptied their toilets over the soldiers who had thrown the Koran. The inmates emptied their buckets of excrement on General Miller as he walked past their cages after he arrived in late 2002. Inmates called him "Mr. There is a toilet. The extra month of solitary confinement was given to prisoners for dumping excrement on Miller.The cellblock was cut in half for about forty days. The US forces are accused of poisoning three prisoners. The guards brought us baklava out of the blue, saying it was to celebrate the release of some prisoners. One of the neighbors fell asleep in his cage and had a white froth around his mouth. Two other people were dead in their cages. The US 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 According to his memoir, one had any pills, and we were searched three times a day.Afghan prisoners tore down a ceiling fan and used it as a sword to attack their captives. Some soldiers were badly bloodied, but no one was killed. Three more prisoners died. The people from the cell block talked to him. The shutters were being closed. They said that soldiers carried three prisoners out of their cells dead, with torn sheets binding their arms and legs. The US 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266Three suicides on June 20, 2006 were the only deaths reported by the US military at Gitmo during the period when the US reported numerous suicide attempts. The prisoners were two Saudi Arabians, Yasser al-Zahrani, and Mani al-Utaybi. The prisoners were not aware that one of them would be sent to Saudi Arabia and the other would be released, according to a State Department spokesman. Defense lawyers and human rights groups called for an investigation. A heavily redacted report was released by the Naval Criminal Investigative Service. The law school at Seton Hall University released a study in 2009, accusing the DOD of faking suicides due to torture. According to a report in January 2010, the military had committed homicides in the course of torturing prisoners and tried to cover it up.The release in 2006 is believed to have been the result of German government diplomatic pressure, including a face-to-face appeal to American President Bush. According to a report on 12 February 2006 byDeutsche Welle, German authorities were negotiating the return of Kurnaz. Focus reported in 2006 that the Bush administration was trying to get Germany to accept four other Gitmo prisoners. Around 120 people were cleared for release or transfer by the USA. Many could not be returned to their countries of origin. The German and American governments denied that there was a link to Germany accepting other prisoners. According to Focus, the German government agreed to accept one other prisoner.The US did not inform the German government of the other prisoners it wanted them to accept. The woman was released on August 24th. He was taken to his destination by plane, restrained in shackles and wearing goggles, and denied food and water for 17 hours. His memoir Five Years of My Life: An Innocent Man in Gitmo was published in 2007. It was published in a number of European countries in 2007. Excerpts were published by The Guardian on April 23, 2008, the same day that an English translation of the book was published in the United States. A Polish translation was published.John le Carré described it as the "most compassionate, truthful, dignified, and account of the disgrace of Guantanamo that you are ever likely to read." The German government had an investigation of German soldiers who had questioned him. According to an article by the United Press International, he identified his interrogators from photos he was shown of members of the German military. The German Ministry of Defense initially denied that they were in Afghanistan. In May 2007, they acknowledged that the KSK had officers in Kandahar. The investigation was dropped in 2007, but the government admitted abuse may have occurred. The extent to which German military and counter-terrorism authorities participated in the United States extraordinary rendition program was the subject of a German Parliamentary inquiry in 2007.In 2008 she testified via videolink at a Congressional hearing. On June 15, 2008, the McClatchy News Service published a series of articles based on interviews with 66 former Gitmo captives. He said in the interview that he has lived with his parents since returning to Germany. He enjoys his desk job. He doesn't think ordinary Americans are responsible for the abuse he experienced. The memoir edition is called Fnf Jahre meines Lebens. Five Years of My Life: A Report from Guantnamo is an Ein Bericht.Berlin, April 2007, Rowohlt. Dans l'enfer de Gitmo is said to be the work of the French. Paris: Fayard, 2007. 301p. Fem r av mitt liv, en beretning fra Gitmo. Oslo, Norway, in 2007. Fem r af liv: En beretning fra Guantnamo.The year 2007. The English edition of Five Years of My Life: An Innocent Man in Gitmo was published in April 2008. In de hel van Guantnamo, Forum, 270p. POW: pi lat, mojego ycia. W.A.B. was born in 2008. The Bosnian citizen was wrongly imprisoned for seven years at the US naval base in Cuba. The link to the first part of "Five Years of My Life: An Innocent Man in Gitmo" can be found in The Guardian.

masks: Kurnaz Kurnaz Kurnaz


title: Amrinder Singh

texts: An Indian professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for the Indian national team is known as <mask>. <mask> was born on May 27, 1993 in Punjab, India. When he joined his school's academy, Sports Wing Academy in Paldi, Hoshiarpur in Punjab, he didn't play consistently until he was 15, but he took up the game of football at a young age. After <mask> noticed that <mask> had a good build and reach, he encouraged him to be a goalkeeper. He was a goalkeeper for two years at the Sports Wing Academy. While still at Sports Wing, <mask> was selected to represent the Punjab state national team at the under 17 and under 19 levels. He helped Punjab win the BC Roy Trophy.After winning the BC Roy Trophy, he was advised by a well-known coach in Punjab to try out at the Pune Academy. He was placed in the under-19 squad after passing the trail. <mask> was selected to join the first team squad at the age of 18 after showing off his goalkeeping skills during the summer of 2011. He made his debut in the Indian Federation Cup when he came on as a substitute. <mask> only allowed one goal in the match. <mask> made his I-League debut as a substitute in the 21st minute against East Bengal. The match was lost after <mask> came on the pitch.Abhra Mondal, a goalkeeper from East Bengal, was brought in by Pune FC for the rest of the season after one more game in which he conceded three goals. The first clean-sheet of his career was kept against Dempo on February 5, 2012 as Pune won the match 1–0 ONGC F.C. played the first match of the I-League season on April 14, 2013). After the game ended, the first clean sheet of the season was collected by <mask>. In the next match against Air India FC on 20 April, <mask> started and kept a clean sheet as the team rose to win the game on a big margin. <mask> played his last match of the season against Indian Arrows on May 11. The No.1 goalkeeper in the I-League was <mask>.The first league match of the season was against Mohammedan at the Salt Lake Stadium. During the match, <mask> gave away a goal to the other team. After that match, <mask> and Pune went on a run of clean-sheets, keeping five of them in a row before surrendering two goals and losing 2–0 to Sporting Goa on 2 November. <mask> received a red card in the 81st minute after he brought down the last man on the ball. <mask> made his international club debut on January 29th, in a tie against Hanoi T&T. He played the full ninety minutes in goal for Pune but could not stop them from giving away three goals in a 3–0 defeat. On January 17, 2015, <mask> played his first match of the I-League season against Salgaocar.The match ended in a draw. The first match of the season was played on January 24th between Pune and Bengaluru which ended with a score of 1–3. In his first match of the season, <mask> lost by a score of 1–0 to Mohun Bagan. The last match of the season was played on May 30, 2015, and it ended in a 4–0 loss for Pune. The ATK loan was for the 2015 season. He played his first match for ATK on October 3, 2015. NorthEast United defeated ATK by a single goal on 23 October.He lost his first game in goal for ATK against Delhi in October. ATK lost to Chennaiyin FC on aggregate score of 4–2 in the playoffs of the ISL in 2015. Bengaluru signed <mask> on a loan from Pune for the I-League season. His first clean sheet of the season was in his first match for Bengaluru, against East Bengal, which ended 0–1. In his first match in goal for Bengaluru, he was beaten by a score of 1–2. He was in the goal for Bengaluru in the match against Mohun Bagan on 23 April which ended as disastrous match for <mask> as he conceded 5 goals for the Mohun Bagan attack, which resulted in a heavy lose for Bengaluru with a score of 5–0 Despite the loss, Bengaluru went on to win the I-League that season and <mask> went on to win the best goalkeeper of the 2015-16 I-League season award with nine clean sheets under his belt, while also impressing at the AFC Cup, where they became runners up.For the 2016-17 I-League season, he signed for Bengaluru on a permanent deal. He kept his first clean sheet of the season in the first match of the season against Shillong Lajong. He lost his first match of the season against East Bengal on January 22nd. Bengaluru defeated DSK Shivajians 7–0 on April 22. The clubs won the Indian Federation Cup as a result of the efforts of Amrinder. Indian Super League side Mumbai City had a loan from Bengaluru for a short time. He played his first match for the club in a 2–0 victory over Chennaiyin.Mumbai defeatedKerala Blasters in a margin of 5–0 on November 19th. He lost his first match with Mumbai City when they were defeated by ATK. He played his last match of the season for Mumbai City in the return match against ATK, which ended in a 0–0 draw. He won the best goalkeeper of the season award. A permanent deal was signed for Mumbai City from Bengaluru. He played his first match in the Indian Super League for Bengaluru in a 2–0 loss against his former team. On 25 November, Mumbai won their first match of the season against FC Goa, which ended 2–1.The first clean sheet of the season was kept by <mask> on December 10 against Chennaiyin. The three year contract extension with Mumbai City FC was signed on March 11th. Mumbai lost to Jamshedpur 0–2 in the first match of the Indian Super League season. He kept his first clean sheet in a 2–0 victory against FC Pune City. In the next match day on 24 October, Mumbai lost to FC Goa by a score of five to nil. On December 16th, Mumbai defeated Kerala Blasters 6-1, despite the huge loss. FC Goa defeated Mumbai on an aggregate score of 5–2 in the playoffs of the ISL.He collected his first clean sheet of the season after playing his first match of the Indian Super League season on 24 October in a 0–1 victory over Kerala Blasters. On 31 October, Mumbai lost their first match of the season with a score of 2–4. The 5–2 loss for Mumbai was caused by the five goals that Amrinder let in. The last match of the season was against Chennaiyin FC, which ended 0–1. Mumbai lost to NorthEast United 1–0 in the first match of the 2020-21 Indian Super League season. His first clean sheet of the season came in a 0–1 victory over FC Goa. He played a key role in the club's success, as they won the Indian Super League trophy.He was the most capped player in the history of Mumbai City FC, having played 84 matches for the club. In the 2020-21 season, he made 61 saves. The signing of <mask> <mask> on a five-year deal was announced on May 31, 2021. He played in the group stage of the cup with the club. The starting keeper in both of India's games at the Asian Games, <mask> was an international career. He started in India U23s 2–0 loss to Uzbekistan U23 in March of 2015, after being named the captain for India U23s. He didn't play any matches after getting his senior team call-up.<mask> made his international debut for India in a 2–1 win against Mauritius. He was called up for the Intercontinental Cup. He made his debut in the tournament against New Zealand on 7 June, which ended in a 1–2 defeat for India. He was included in the squad for the King's Cup. India defeated Thailand 0–1 in the only match he played in the tournament. India's squad for the Asian Cup was announced after they qualified for the tournament. He was called up for the Indian squad after the Asian Cup.Indian Super League winners shield: 2020–21 Individual I-League Golden Glove: 2016 References External

masks:
Amrinder Singh
Amrinder
Yarvinder Singh
Amrinder
Amrinder
Singh
Singh
Singh
Amrinder
Amrinder
Amrinder
Singh
Amrinder
Singh
Singh
Singh
Singh
Amrinder
Amrinder
Amrinder
Amrinder
Amrinder
Amrinder
Amrinder
Singh
Amrinder
Singh


title: Robert Olen Butler

texts: <mask> was born in 1945. A Good Scent from a Strange Mountain won the Pulitzer Prize for fiction in 1993. <mask> was born in Granite City, Illinois, to an actor and theater professor who became the chairman of the theater department at Saint Louis University, and his wife, who was an executive secretary. At the University of Iowa, he was a playwright and a theater major. As a counter-intelligence special agent for the Army, and later as a translator, he served in Vietnam from 1969 to 1971. He was promoted to sergeant in the Army Military Intelligence Corps. In 1987 he received the Tu Do Chinh Kien Award from the Vietnam Veterans of America for outstanding contributions to American culture by a veteran, as a result of his experiences during that period."My greatest pleasure in life was at 2 in the morning to wander out into the steamy back alleys of Saigon, where nobody ever seemed to sleep, and just walk the alleys and crouch in the doorways with the people," he told The New York Times in 1993. The Vietnamese were the warmest, most open and welcoming people I've ever met, and they just invited me into their homes and into their culture and into their lives. After working as a steel mill laborer, a taxi driver, and a substitute teacher in high schools, after his tour of duty in Vietnam, he joined Fairchild Publications, where he worked on the staffs of trade publications such as Electronic News. He was the editor-in-chief of Energy & Power Management from 1975 to 1985. A Good Scent from a Strange Mountain, which won the 1993 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction, is one of 12 novels and six short story collections written by <mask> <mask> Messud wrote, "The book has attracted such praise not simply because it is beautifully and powerfully written, but because it convincingly pulls off an immense imaginative risk." While working as a publicist, he began writing novels on the Long Island Rail Road.Every word of my first four published novels was written on a legal pad, by hand, on my lap, on the Long Island Rail Road as I commuted back and forth from Sea Cliff to Manhattan. After being rejected by 21 publishers, the first novel by <mask> was published in 1981 by Horizon Press. With all its troubles, Vietnam seems to him to retain more of its integrity, its sense of self, than an American deserter would. "Five ghastly novels, about forty dreadful short stories, and twelve truly awful full-length plays, all of which have never seen the light of day and never will, were written before the publication of The Alleys ofEDEN." Each new novel or short story collection has always been controversial for the artist. His second novel, Sun Dogs, which The New York Times said had "some powerful moments, some engrossing scenes and deft touches, but there is little momentum, no satisfying pattern, none of the magic of synergy," polarizes reviewers. The book was called "full of power and energy" by the Ft. Worth Star-Telegram.He has something to say and he cares about his characters. He can make the reader feel the same way. It is rare for us to witness the birth of something important. <mask>'s stories have appeared in a number of publications. The Best American Short Stories, New Stories From the South, and numerous college literature textbooks are some of the stories he has had. Most of the screenplays for film and television are based on other writers' material. Tabloid Dreams and Had a Good Time are collections that are inspired by popular culture.Tabloid Dreams was made up of stories from supermarket tabloids. The narratives of Had a Good Time are built around the images on vintage American picture postcards. The tale "Mother in the Trenches" was first published in February 2003 inHarper's. In order to convince her soldier son to come home after World War I, Mrs. Jack Gaines traveled from her comfortable home to the battlefields of France in a period postcard. The critical response was different again. The Boston Globe said that the stories were full of "crisp writing, marvelous imagining, the discussion of large, existential questions that are as central to life now as they were a hundred years ago." The basis of Severance, a one-act play by David Jette, is a collection of short stories about the thoughts of people who have been beheaded.McCadden Place Theatre in Los Angeles produced it in 2007. Severance was described by butler as his best and most ambitious book. This was the first step in defining and exploring the short short story form. The inner monologues of couples engaged in sexual intercourse were revealed in his companion collection, Intercourse. Weegee Stories presented the inner monologues of the subjects of 60 photographs by Arthur "Weegee" Fellig. He published a theory of the short story. Hell, a "roaring satire" of a novel set entirely in the underworld, was published in 2009.A Small Hotel was called a "sexy novel of psychological suspense" by Donna Seaman of Booklist. The Hot Country was published in the fall of 2012 by Otto Penzler's Mysterious Press. "This is Earl Sandt" was a complete short story written in real time in 2001 in 17 two-hour sessions. "What we're trying to do here is reproduce for you what is normally hidden behind the veil of private life," he said. The "Inside Creative Writing" webcasts have become a popular download. He dedicated A Good Scent from a Strange Mountain to his colleague John Wood, who taught creative writing at McNeese State University in Lake Charles, Louisiana. He joined the faculty of Florida State University and held the Michael Shaara Chair in Creative Writing.A Guggenheim Fellowship in fiction, a National Endowment for the Arts grant, and a finalist for the PEN/Faulkner Award are some of the awards and honors that <mask> has received. In 2001 he won a National Magazine Award for "Fair Warning," a short story, and four years later he won another National Magazine Award for "The One in White," a short story. A Good Scent from a Strange Mountain won the Pulitzer Prize for fiction in 1993. The New York Times praised the book's "startling, dreamlike" stories about the lives of Vietnamese immigrants living in Louisiana, and said it was "remarkable not for its flaws, but for its daring project of making the Vietnamese real." The stories raise the literature of the Vietnam conflict to a new level according to the Pulitzer committee. The most recent prize in the <mask>n Butler Prize was awarded in 2010. He is a judge in The Southeast Review's short-short story contest.The Fitzgerald Award for Achievement in American Literature is given annually in Rockville, Maryland, the city where Fitzgerald, his wife, and daughter are buried as part of the F. Scott Fitzgerald Literary Festival. Marriages took place on August 10, 1968. January 1972 is when they divorced. Marylin Krepf is a poet who was married to butler on July 1, 1972. On July 21, 1987, the couple wed. March 1995 is when they divorced. On April 23, 1995, at Tavern on the Green restaurant in New York City, <mask> married Elizabeth Dewberry.According to an email sent to his graduate students and fellow professors at Florida State University, Dewberry's decision to leave him for Ted Turner was the reason they ended their marriage. Major international media outlets, such as The Washington Post, The New York Times, and National Public Radio, reported on the highly personal revelations in <mask>'s email, which was leaked by one of its recipients. Kelly Lee Daniels was married to Kelly Lee <mask> on November 22, 2011. They divorced in April 2020. Interviews with Dave Weich of Powells.com and Jessica Murphy of The Atlantic Monthly about the break up of his fourth marriage. The Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library is located at Yale University. 20th century American novelists 21st century American novelists United States Army personnel of the Vietnam War Writers of books about writing fiction

masks:
Robert Olen Butler
Robert Olen Butler
Robert Olen
ButlerClaire
Butler
Butler
Butler
Robert Ole
Butler
Butler
Butler


title: Carl Breer

texts: <mask> was an American automotive industry engineer. He was one of the founding members of the present day Chrysler Corporation. He worked on the Chrysler Airflow automobile. Breer became a mechanical engineer. He made contributions to several companies. He was the inventor and designer of steam powered automobiles and was employed by a number of companies. The first brick house built in Los Angeles, which is now the Little Tokyo District, was where Breer was born.He was from German descent and was born on November 8, 1884. His mother came from a village of the Black Forest while his father came from a village of the Hartz Mountains. The family had 9 children. He had many family members, including 2 sisters and 6 brothers. The father and mother of Breer were named Louis and Julia. His father and mother were both born in the 19th century. Breer's father traveled from village to village in Germany to improve his skills as a blacksmith.Breer's father moved to the United States at the age of 20 to avoid being selected for the German army. He lived in the Los Angeles area for the rest of his life after moving a bit for the first few years. The Black Forest is where Breer's mother was born. The uncle who had a shipping business on the west coast of the United States invited his mother and sister to join him. They settled in the LA area. Breer's father and mother were married here in 1863. When Breer was a child, his family used to stay in Santa Monica for the summer months, which took about three and a half hours by horse and buggy from their Los Angeles home.When he was a teenager, Breer constructed horse-drawn carriages at his father's blacksmith shop. He learned the basics of blacksmithing there. Breer was 14 years old in 1897 when he was given a tour of the Los Angeles Water Works pumping plant by Fred J. Fisher, the engineer in charge. Fisher made a homemade electric generator that he used to generate electricity for light bulbs in the dark corners of the plant. Mr. Fisher was Breer's mentor. He would visit him at the plant when he wasn't in school. He used Fisher's generator to light his family's home.Breer's first inspiration was this. Breer was inspired to build a motor-driven car when he was 17 years old. He saw a carriage in his neighborhood. Breer's blacksmithing experience gave him some understanding of what was needed, so they decided to build a steam engine for the new car. He used Stanley Steamer designs from a magazine as an initial guide and drew detailed sketches of the component parts. A wood-carved model of the cylinder block was taken to be cast. Breer asked if he could use their facilities to make a cylinder after the foundry failed on several attempts.The steam engine needed more parts. The burner was powered by gasoline and used to heat the boiler. The inner chamber of the air tubes required about 3,000 small holes to be drilled. Breer improvised a high-speed Pelton type drill press that operated on water pressure from their outdoor water faucet, since there was no drill that could do this. The holes were drilled in a short time with his innovation. Breer's car was assembled in 1901 with help from hired carriage workers. Breer's steam car made its maiden voyage in 1901.Improvements were made to the car over the next couple of years. He needed a spare gas tank for the boiler so he could go trout fishing with his brother at San Gabriel Canyon, which is 35 miles away on rough dirt roads. Los Angeles required all horseless carriages to have a registered car and a locomotive number. The steam car was rated at 35 miles per hour by Breer. His car was more efficient than a horse. English engineers determined that steam-powered cars were less effective than gasoline-powered cars. They concluded that they could not compete with gas cars.A steam-powered car takes time to build up its power, while a gasoline car starts instantly. A gas car was more efficient than a smaller car. Some steam-powered car companies converted to gasoline vehicles because of these reasons. Breer applied to the Tourist Automobile Company in Los Angeles because he wanted a job and experience. He demonstrated his steam car to the head of the service garage, but had no previous experience in that field. This was the first official engineering job for him when he was in high school to demonstrate, service and design steam-powered automobiles. There were job opportunities from steam-powered automobiles on the East Coast.He was the developer of the cutting edge two- cylinder steam powered Durocar that had advanced mechanical features. There was no credit standing for an official mechanical engineer at the Los Angeles Commercial High School that he attended. He drove his steam car from Los Angeles to Pasadena and showed it to the head of Caltech. He completed the one-year term at the school with full credits as a mechanical engineer. He was able to go to the university in the fall of 1905 to learn advanced mechanical engineering. In 1909, Allis-Chalmers <mask> obtained a Bachelor of Arts degree and became a mechanical engineer. He went through the apprenticeship course at Allis-Chalmers after getting a job there.Twenty-five of the best students in mechanical engineering were selected by Allis-Chalmers. Breer was also a student. He was from the University of Michigan. Both <mask> and Zeder were trained at Allis-Chalmers. Studebaker <mask> was employed by the Moreland Motor Truck Company. He sold his share of the Home Electric Auto Works company after losing interest. He built a garage and shop for himself in 1916.He received a letter from a friend asking if he would be interested in joining him at Studebaker to organize a research division. The chief engineer at Studebaker was working on an engineering department. "The Three Musketeers", as they came to be known, were brought together by the invitation of Owen R. Skelton to Studebaker. The engineering that replaced the obsolete Studebaker models was developed by Zeder. The engineers produced cutting-edge engineering technology that resulted in immediate profits for Studebaker. The Studebaker 1918 spring models had a unique clutch, lower center of gravity, and cylinder heads. Studebaker stopped making horse-drawn carriages in 1919 because they were so confident of the new technology.Breer had a close relationship with several people. They all had engineering degrees. He was a technical engineering design analyst. Breer had the ability to solve difficult technical engineering problems with existing technology, as well as being a capable administrator and salesman. The oldest was Breer. Studebaker built tanks for the United States Army during World War I. During the end of World War I, Breer was assigned to work on Liberty aircraft engines for the government.He was supposed to find out why the aircraft engines would break up. The 50-hour engine tests were analyzed by him. The engines would explode for no apparent reason within 50 hours. The connecting rods that came apart were found to have metal fatigue. By the time the war ended, the solution had no benefit for World War I pilots. The solution was beneficial to the airmail carriers. In January 1920, Walter P. Chrysler joined the organization as their vice-president.They were asked if they wanted to join him. <mask> and his two cohort engineers traveled to New York and the new cutting edge high tech Willys factory in Elizabeth, New Jersey. The three elite engineers, as well as 28 other of the best engineers from Studebaker, decided this would be an excellent move for them. They went to work on a new car. The Willys Corporation was out of money because one of their branches took all the reserves. The man was bankrupt. Chrysler was the chairman of the board for the company.The Breer Engineering Company, which was financed by Chrysler, had other engineers from Studebaker. The laboratories they had already established at the high tech plant at Elizabeth, New Jersey were rented from the Willys receiver. The plant was bought by William C. Durant for $5.5 million. Even though Chrysler help them get started in their consultant business, they contacted Durant after he bought the plant. The Breer Engineering Company was asked by Durant to go to the failed Mercer car plant in Scranton. They decided against moving there after seeing the old brewery building where the cars were being made. Breer and his cohort engineers decided to design a new engine for the car company Durant acquired in 1922.The company of high end automobiles went out of business, but not because of the engines that were good. A new engine was designed by Breer and his engineers. The plant where the automobile was built was in Michigan. The "Flint car" was designed to compete with the Ford automobile. The engine was the only thing that had to do with the "Star" car design. When <mask> was on vacation with his family in California in 1923, he had a meeting with Mr. Chrysler in New York about the possibility of installing their engine in a new car and calling it a "Chrysler". Mr. Chrysler was the vice-president of the company when the three engineers designed the car.It was to be Chrysler's first car. The 'Three Musketeers' (Zeder, Skelton, and Breer) and their group of engineers were originally from Studebaker. The Maxwell Motor Company couldn't give the $5 million needed to start the car's production. The Chrysler automobile was to be shown at the New York auto show in 1924, which would have produced and secured the loan necessary for production. The "Chrysler" was not in production at the time it was shown. The "Chrysler" was displayed in the lobby of the Hotel Commodore. Chase Securities Corporation provided the financing.In 1924, Chrysler sold the same number of cars for the same price as the Buick. The loan made a profit of over $4 million. The Chrysler Corporation reformed the Maxwell Motor Company in 1925. 16 engineering graduates formed the first class of the Chrysler Engineering School. They were selected from hundreds of candidates. Consideration was given to their qualifications. The Allis-Chalmers student apprenticeship course inspired Breer and Zeder to speed up the school.The curriculum was based on the major industrial schools in the United States and the Chrysler way of engineering. The leading universities accepted credit from this school. One day in the late twenties, while driving Breer, I saw a formation of Republic Army planes flying low across the highway. He thought about the relationship to cars and the idea of airflow. One of the engineers talked to Orville Wright about the cost of wind tunnels. They used a 20 X 40 space as an aerodynamic lab for testing various shapes of small car models. The cross section of the wind tunnel had a throat of 20 inches.The wind creating propellers were powered by a 35hp motor. They tested the first models of production cars. Black smoke from an oil lamp showed the results. Breer suggested that the models be tested in the opposite direction. The air resistance drag was 30% less this way. The idea that an automobile shape should not be box-shaped was the result of a test that Breer looked out a window. Since it flowed toward the rear, it was much more efficient to have it close to the body.The birth of the Chrysler Airflow automobile was the result of <mask>'s idea of running a car in the opposite direction. The model Trifon was the first experimental Airflow car. The Airflow was first produced in 1934 and was discontinued in 1937 due to poor sales. The popular belief is that the Airflow was a failure. It was one of the most important car designs because of its huge change in profile, use of a modern space frame, and reconfiguration of the auto's basic design. Even though it was out of sync with popular taste and did not sell, it did not diminish its artistic and technological merit or long-term importance. The Airflow Car was written about in <mask>'s autobiography.The model that sold better was called the Airstream. Barbara was Breer's sister-in-law. Their first child, <mask>, was born in 1919. <mask> and Barbara had three children. The Breer family spent their summers at Gratiot Beach. By 1940, <mask> and Barbara had four boys. He was a member of the automotive Hall of Fame.Breer worked as a consultant for four years after he retired from Chrysler management. He spent the last five weeks of his life in the hospital. His wife died in 1964. There were American automotive pioneers, American people of German descent, American chief executives of manufacturing companies, and business people from Los Angeles and Michigan.

masks:
Carl Breer
Breer
Breer
Breer
Breer
Breer
Breer
Breer
Carl Frederick
Carl
Carl


title: Albert Brisbane

texts: <mask> is remembered as the chief popularizer of the theories of Charles Fourier in the United States. The author of a number of books was <mask>. He backed several phalanx communes in the 1840s and 1850s and founded the Fourierist Society in New York in 1839. The son of Mary Stevens and <mask> was born on August 22, 1809, in New York. The Holland Land Company purchased the land in Western New York from Robert Morris, one of the first Senators from Pennsylvania, in 1798. The city that became Buffalo, New York, was included in the settlements they established after opening an office in Batavia. James and Mary were both English and had left the Scottish Presbyterian Church in protest.As an inquisitive youth he learned various mechanical skills in the small carpentry, blacksmith, and saddle shops of Batavia, and he developed an affection for knowledge at an early age. At the age of fifteen, Brisbane's father sent him to a boarding school in New York because he was dissatisfied with the quality of education in Batavia. He stayed at the school for a short time before moving to New York City to study. After graduating from New York, he would go on to study philosophy in Paris and Berlin. He befriended a number of prominent European intellectuals and political figures during his studies. As an advocate of the ideas of Henri de Saint-Simon, Brisbane became interested in the ideas of socialism. When the followers of Barthélemy Enfantin and Amand Bazard split from the Saint-Simondian movement, the city became disaffected and became very active with the promotion of Saint-Simon's ideas.Saint-Simon's doctrine was dismissed as "artificial and in some respects false" by the city. A short work by the philosopher Charles Fourier entitled Treatise on Domestic and Agricultural Association was read and immediately converted to the writer's ideas. He spent the majority of his life trying to uncover universal laws which he believed governed society so that productive enterprise could be reorganized on a rational basis, production expanded, and human needs could be fulfilled more easily. He believed in a fundamental harmony of the universe and a preordained series of periods through which societies needed to travel from their primitive to their advanced state. During this initial phase of the Fourierist movement, he made the acquaintance of other devotees of Fourier's ideas, including obtaining direct tutelage from the 60-year-old theorist himself. He returned to the United States and began work on a book to explain the ideas of his master. In 1840, the first and most famous book in the city was Social Destiny of Man.Once the laws of this development were identified and publicized, he believed, the regeneration and transformation of the world would be rapid and effective. Association: Or, A Concise Exposition of the Practical Part of Fourier's Social Science was published on the heels of his first successful book. The principle of harmony of the owners of capital and those employed by them was argued to be the remedy to society's ills. He didn't see the elimination of the role of the capitalist, but rather the regulation of distribution of the product of labor between capitalist and worker on a more equitable basis. The reorganization of society into groups, series, andsacred legions was based on the natural affinities of their participants. The reorganization would boost production by building enthusiasm for labor. The individual home was proclaimed to be possessed of "monotony," "anti-social spirit," and the "absence of emulation," through which, he felt, it "debilitates the energies of the soul."The communal ideal of association, living in collective dwellings and sharing the common table was opposed by the city. The adoption of the system by the association will establish Christianity on Earth. The practice of all men will be made better by the love of God and the neighbor. Temptation to wrong will be taken from the paths of men, and a lot of degrading circumstances and influences will be removed from the social world. Brisbane's 1840 book was well-received and it enjoyed immediate success, gaining a broad readership among those concerned with the problems of society and helping to launch the Fourierist movement in the United States. The publisher of a New York newspaper was elected to the US House of Representatives after he converted to socialism. The New Yorker, which was published in 1840 and 1841, and the New York Tribune, which was published in 1842, provided valuable service to the Fourierist movement.A groundswell of enthusiasm resulted from coverage of the ideas of Association in the New York Tribune, and from 1843 to 1845 more than 30 Fourierian "Phalanxes" were established in a number of northern and midwestern states. In the 19th century, an established Transcendentalist community in Massachusetts formally declared itself a Fourierist community. A founding convention of the General Association for the Friends of Association in the United States was held in New York City in April of 1844, attended by delegates from as far away as Maine and Virginia. The convention made a point of renouncing the fanciful, conjectural aspects of Fourier's writings, instead endorsing the concrete plan of association derived from his writings. A meeting of the "Union of Associations" was planned for October to coordinate the efforts of the many small phalanxes coming into existence. At this critical juncture in the emergence of a practical movement, with 10 phalanxes already in existence and others at the planning stage, <mask>, the unquestioned leader of Fourierism in America, made the fateful decision to depart for France to study Fourier's manuscripts there and to speak The 8-month trip effectively removed the commanding general of the Fourierist army from the campaign at its most critical juncture and is characterized by Carl J. Guarneri, a leading historian of the movement, as a reflection of <mask>'s "lifelong inability to cope with power and responsibility."The movement's momentum dissipated because there was no energetic leader. After his new marriage to Redelia Bates, he relocated to Europe with his children with a view towards the education of the latter. The family traveled for two years before moving to Paris. His health was in decline and he was an inventor who tried to create an oven which cooked in a vacuum and allowed the baking of bread and pastry without the use of yeast. The family returned to New York state in 1889 in order to build a prototype of the vacuum oven that Brisbane had been attempting to perfect. <mask> was alleged to be a countess after he returned from Europe. After five years, LeBrun moved back to Italy with their two young children, who historians believe were probably <mask>'s, but no record of marriage between the two has been found.<mask> brought one of the children back to the US from Europe. <mask> began a relationship with the daughter of Jean Manesca, a common-law wife with whom he had three children: a boy who died as an infant. The year 1851. In her later years, she referred to her five dead children as her five dead children. There was a time when there was a time when there was a time when there was a time when there was a time when there was a time when there was a time when there was a time when there was a time when there was a time when there was a time when there was a The death of <mask>'s son Charles led to the deaths of his children. <mask> and Lodoiska were their grandparents.<mask> married Sarah White and they had five children: Alice, Hugo, Arthur, and Charles R. Thursby. After Sarah's death, Fowell <mask> married the younger Redelia Bates, who was involved with the National Woman Suffrage Association. According to the United States Census of 1850, <mask> was living in Bergen County, New Jersey. <mask> and Sarah were reported in the 1860 Census to be in Westchester County, New York. <mask> was living in Union County, New Jersey in the 1870 Census. <mask> was maintaining two separate households with each woman because of the overlap of births of children in the two relationships and the corresponding census records. George, <mask>'s brother, wrote an angry letter after his 1877 marriage to Bates, accusing the couple of bigamy because Lodoiska was still alive and had never obtained a divorce.Redelia filed a libel suit against George, requesting $50,000 in damages. At the same time, Lodoiska filed her own lawsuit requesting a divorce and alimony payments from <mask>, of which she eventually prevailed, receiving $25 a week. After returning to the United States in 1889, he became ill and was forced to seek a change of climate to improve his health, traveling to North Carolina before heading south to Florida that winter. The two of them moved to Virginia in the spring of the next year. Good health did not return, however, and late in April he became bedridden and was about to die. The death of <mask> took place in the morning of May 1, 1890. His parents and previous wife were buried in the same cemetery as him in Western New York.<mask> was one of the best known American newspaper editors of the 20th century. The papers of father and son are held together by the Special Collections Research Center of Syracuse University. The <mask> material is housed in one archival box and includes biographical material, correspondence, microfilm of his diaries from the 1830s, and a 56-page autobiography. Arthur S<mask> was appointed Public Editor of The New York Times in June 2010. The American Union of Associationists Victor Prosper Considerant Works Social Destiny of Man or, Association and Reorganization of Industry has a list of Fourierism Associations. C.F. is located in Philadelphia, PA. The year 1840.Association is an exposition of the practical part of social science. New York, NY: Greeley and others. Plan for a Re-organization of Society is an exposition of the Doctrine of Association. J.S. is in New York. Redfield was born in 1844. There is a theory of the functions of the human passions followed by an outline view of the fundamental principles of social science. Miller, Orton, and Mulligan were born in New York.The article is titled "Philosophy of Money: A New Currency and a New Credit System." In 1863. The first part of the general introduction to social science is about the theory of social organization. C.P. is located in New York, NY. Somerby was born in 1876. 19th-century American male writers, 19th-century American newspaper editors and 19th-century American newspaper publishers died.

masks:
Albert Brisbane
Brisbane
James Brisbane
Albert Brisbane
Brisbane
Albert
Albert
Albert
Albert
Albert
Albert
Albert
Brisbane
Albert
Albert
Albert
Albert
Albert
Albert
Albert Brisbane
Arthur Brisbane
Albert Brisbane
. Brisbane


title: Fulke Underhill

texts: <mask> II was the owner of New Place. In 1597, his father sold New Place to William Shakespeare, and in 1602, his brother confirmed the sale. Sources differing on whether Fulke was accused, tried, and hanged, or accused only after his death, see below. The oldest son and heir of William and <mask> was <mask>. He had six siblings, five of which were his brothers and three of which were his sisters. <mask> is from Idlicote. <mask> was a citizen and haberdasher of London.HesterParker was the daughter of SamuelParker of Ludlow and was married to <mask>. The daughter of Richard Hall of Idlicote was married to Elizabeth Hall of Broadway. Abaptised on 18 May 1579. Elizabeth was buried on 25 November 1585. The man who married John Bolt was christened 17 February 1587. William and Ursula Congreve were Fulke's paternal grandparents. After the death of Ursula Congreve, <mask> married the widow of Richard Newport and sister of Sir Christopher Hatton.<mask>, Fulke's paternal grandfather, was an Inner Temple lawyer and clerk of assizes at Warwick, and a substantial property holder. The manor of Idlicote was purchased by him. He had a 21-year lease on the manor from Thomas Throckmorton. In 1567 he purchased New Place from William Bott. He held the manors of Loxley and Barton-on-the-Heath together with other houses and lands. The grave of William and his first wife are marked by a marble monument. In his will he made it clear that his estates were not to be taken over by his heir.His daughters were given marriage portions of five hundred pounds and a silver spoon. His second daughter was given a wedding ring that belonged to her stepmother, while his youngest daughter was given a ring that belonged to her mother. After his father's death in 1570, <mask> became a ward of the crown. His wardship was purchased by his stepmother. <mask> took over his father's estates when he came of age. After obtaining a licence to sell the manor of Loxley, he married <mask>, one of his cousins. He was released after being able to give an explanation to Burghley.He was granted a licence to alienate lands in Hollington and Meriden due to pressing financial circumstances. In 1587, he was appointed escheator for the two counties. Mary died in 1590. He settled his estates in trust on his son and heir, <mask>. New Place was sold to William Shakespeare in the Easter term of 1597 for £60. The property consisted of one messuage, two barns, and two gardens at the time of the sale. Father's death and the poisoning of <mask> in July 1597 resulted in a nuncupative will being made.All of his lands were left to his son, <mask>, along with his sons and daughters. He was buried with his wife at Idlicote. According to Stopes, <mask> <mask> died without issue in May 1598, leaving his brother Hercules as his heir, though he was not initially suspected of having poisoned his father. According to Stopes, sixpence was received for tolling the great bell for Vouckas <mask>. He was buried at Idlicote. In contrast to Stopes, Schoenbaum states that the crime was discovered before <mask> <mask>'s death, and that he was prosecuted for it and hanged at Warwick in 1599. To obtain clear title, William Shakespeare paid a fee equal to one quarter of the yearly value of the property, the peculiar circumstances of the case causing some doubt on the validity of the original purchase.330–36. The English people died in the 16th century.

masks:
William Underhill
Mary Underhill
Fulke Underhill
Timothy Underhill
Lewis Underhill
William Underhill
William Underhill
William Underhill
William Underhill
William Underhill
Mary Underhill
Fulke
William Underhill
Fulke
Fulke
Underhill
Underhill
Fulke
Underhill


title: Usha Mehta

texts: <mask> was a Gandhian and freedom fighter. The Secret Congress Radio, an underground radio station, was started by her during the Quit India movement of 1942. The second highest civilian award of the Republic of India was given to her in 1998. <mask> was born in Saras village. Usha saw Gandhi for the first time when she was five years old. Gandhi set up a camp near her village in which little <mask> participated, attending sessions and doing a little spinning. In 1928, eight-year-old <mask> shouted her first words of protest against the British Raj: "Simon Go Back" during a protest march against the Simon Commission.She and other children picketed in front of liquor stores during protests against the British Raj. A girl carrying the Indian flag fell down as the policemen charged the children. The children took the story to their parents. The elders dressed the children in the colors of the Indian flag and sent them out in the streets. The children were dressed in the colors of the flag and shouted " Policemen, you can wield your sticks and your batons, but you cannot bring down our flag." Usha's father was a judge. She was not encouraged to participate in the freedom struggle.When her father retired in 1930, this limitation was removed. When <mask> was 12 years old, her family moved to Bombay, making it possible for her to be more involved in the freedom movement. She and other children visited relatives in the prisons and carried messages to prisoners. <mask> was one of Gandhi's followers. She decided to remain celibate for life and took up a spartan, Gandhian lifestyle, wearing only Khd clothes and keeping away from luxuries of all types. She was a prominent advocate of Gandhian thought and philosophy. Usha's initial high school was in Bombay.She was an average student. She was one of the top 25 students in her class in 1935. She graduated with a first-class degree in philosophy from Wilson College in 1939. She joined the Quit India movement after she finished her studies. She joined the freedom movement full-time at the age of 22. Gandhi and the Congress had announced in 1942 that the Quit India movement would begin with a rally in Mumbai. Gandhi was arrested before that date.The crowd of Indians gathered at the tank ground on the appointed day. The national flag was hoisted by a group of junior leaders and workers. The Secret Congress Radio was started by <mask> and her associates on August 14, 1942. It aired on 27 August. "This is the Congress radio calling on a wavelength of 42.34 meters from somewhere in India," she said in her voice. She had associates who supplied equipment and provided technicians. The Secret Congress Radio was assisted by many other leaders.Gandhi and other prominent leaders were recorded on the radio. The organizers moved the station's location almost daily. The organizers, including <mask> <mask>, were arrested by the police on 12 November 1942. All were imprisoned. She was questioned for six months by the Criminal Investigation Department. She was held in solitary confinement and offered a chance to study abroad if she would betray the movement. During her trials, she asked the Judge of the High Court if she was required to answer the questions.When the judge confirmed that she was not mandatory, she declared that she would not reply to any of the questions. She was sentenced to four years in prison after the trial. Two of her associates were found guilty. At Yeravda Jail, Usha was imprisoned. She was sent to Bombay for treatment after her health deteriorated. The hospital. Policemen kept a round-the-clock watch on her in the hospital to prevent her from escaping.She was returned to Yeravda Jail when her health improved. She was the first political prisoner to be released in Bombay at the order of the home minister. The movement was aided by the dissemination of uncensored news and other information that was banned by the British-controlled government of India. The leaders of the freedom movement were in touch with Secret Congress Radio. <mask> <mask> described her involvement with the Secret Congress Radio as her "finest moment" and "sadest moment", because an Indian technician had betrayed them to the authorities. <mask>'s failing health prevented her from participating in politics or social work after independence. <mask> <mask> couldn't attend the official function in New Delhi on the day India gained independence.She earned a PhD in political and social thought of Gandhi from the University of Bombay. As a student, research assistant, lecturer, professor, and head of the department of civics and politics, she had a long association with Mumbai university. She retired from the University of Bombay. After India's independence, Usha continued to spread the Gandhian thought and philosophy. Over the years. She wrote in English and Gujarati, her mother tongue. She is the president of Gandhi Smarak Nidhi, a trust dedicated to the preservation of Gandhian heritage.During his visits to the city, Gandhi used to reside at Mani Bhavan, which was converted into a Gandhi memorial. She was the president of Gandhi Peace Foundation. She was involved in the affairs of the school. India's 50th anniversary of freedom was associated with her by the Government of India. The second highest civilian award of India was given to her in 1998. <mask> was unhappy with the developments taking place in the social, political, and economic spheres of India. She told India Today that this is not the freedom she fought for.She said that the freedom fighters of her generation felt that once people were ensconced in positions of power, the rot would set in. She said that they didn't know the rot would sink in so soon. She didn't deny the achievements of free India since independence: "India has survived as a democracy and even built a good industrial base," she said. It is not the India of our dreams. <mask> participated in the anniversary celebrations of the Quit India movement even though she was unwell. She came home exhausted and weak. She died peacefully on August 11, 2000 at the age of 80, and was survived by her elder brother and three nephews.Her nephew is a noted Bollywood filmmaker. Dr Yatin <mask> is one of the nephew's who is associated with Medicity in Gurgaon. Dr <mask> joined the Army and is now at P.D. The Hinduja National Hospital is in Mumbai. India's 50 Most Illustrious Women is a book by Indra Gupta.

masks:
Usha Mehta
Usha Mehta
Usha
Usha
Usha
Usha
Usha
Usha
Mehta
Usha
Mehta
Usha
Usha
Mehta
Usha
Usha
Mehta
Mehta


title: Elsa Stansfield

texts: <mask> was known for her video art and installations. She was born in Glasgow and died in Amsterdam. <mask> studied at the Glasgow School of Art. She studied film and photography at the University College London. She was the head of the Time Based Media Department at the Jan van Eyck Academy in the Netherlands from 1991 to 1980. Over the course of thirty years, she made videotapes, video-installations, video-sculptures, sound sculptures and interactive installations, until <mask>'s death. <mask> was born in Glasgow in 1945 to Canadian-Scottish and Swiss parents.A harmony was found in the home of a Glasgow family after a difficult start to life. She was awarded a full-time place in the Glasgow School of Art at the age of 16. After 3 years of studying drawing and painting, she decided to focus on photography and film. She continued her studies at the Ealing School of Photography after moving to London with the help of a grant. She made her first film in college, which was an interpretation of the fable The Ant and the Grasshopper. The fable is an experimental film that was made in today's city. <mask> studied film at the Slade School of Fine Art in London in the late 1960's and early 70's after being Advised by Peter Montagnon.She was an assistant in film production and editing in college. The Arts Lab was run by <mask> during the same year. The first experimental laboratory for film and theatre was in London. At the age of 24, <mask> worked as a producer for an American backed film called "Journey to the East", spending 3 months in India setting the production and later co-ordinating it back to London. She established the 'Eight, Nine and Ten' studio with the film director and editor, as well as the 'Electrophon Music' group. The studio was supposed to be a place for film editing. The warehouse at 8, 9 and 10 Neal's Yard was gradually converted.<mask>'s works were produced in this studio. There is a series of animated children's films for television. 20 min. A colour documentary on the problems of studio spaces for artists. The film is about the life in the B.F.I. The film "Bridget Riley", a 35mm colour film on the artist's retrospective at the Hayward Gallery, was produced and directed by Eve Arnold. A documentary about women in the Middle East.The sound of Circle of Light is being produced. There is a documentary on the work of Pamela Bone. In 1972 <mask> started an intensive collaboration in the field of film with the Dutch photographer and filmmaker Madelon Hooykaas in London and Amsterdam. Dutch public TV broadcasted their first movie, "Een van die dagen" in 1973. It was shown at a number of festivals. The film 'Overbruggen' was shown in several festivals. They made their first video installations under the name <mask>/Hooykaas.<mask> moved her studio to East London in 1975. The first video Bursary of the Arts Council of Britain was established by David Hall at the Maidstone College of Art. In 1980 <mask> was asked to create a Time Based Media Department at the Jan van Eyck Academy. The first media department in a postgraduate academy was in the Netherlands. She started to make a video collection for the academy. She moved to the South of the Netherlands because of this. David and Annie Wright were international participants.She organized several seminal symposiums including 'Video Maart' (1981) and the exhibition 'The Luminous Image' (1984), which included videotapes and installations by Marina Abramovi and Ulay. <mask> moved to Amsterdam in 1986 to teach at the Jan van Eyck Academy. The relation between nature and spirituality is explored by <mask> and Hooykaas in their work. Modern technology such as film, audio and video are combined with organic materials such as sand, glass and copper. Their work shows that everything is animated by movement and change. 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 "Elsa was the first artist to be awarded an Arts Council Bursary to work with video in my department at Maidstone College of Art in the mid-seventies," David Hall commented on Stansfield's death.She was head of time-based media at the Jan van Eyck Academy from 1980 to 1980. Her work with Madelon Hooykaas will be remembered as an important part of the European video art scene. Journeys was acquired by Tate Britain. <mask> is a pioneer of European artists and has a video.

masks: Stansfield Stansfield Stansfield Stansfield Stansfield Elsa Stansfield Stansfield Stansfield Stansfield Stansfield Stansfield Stansfield Stansfield Stansfield


title: A. Doak Barnett

texts: <mask> was an American journalist, political scientist, and public figure who wrote about the domestic politics and the foreign relations of China and the United States. He edited and published more than 20 books. <mask>'s parents were missionaries in China, and <mask> used his Chinese language ability while travelling in China as a journalist before 1949. He made his journalism and scholarship clear and precise. When there was no formal diplomatic relations between the United States and the People's Republic of China in the 1950s, he organized public outreach programs in order to change that. <mask> taught at Columbia University in the 1960's and 70's. He was named a Professor of Chinese Studies at the Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies in 1982.Eugene and Bertha <mask> had a son named <mask>. The family did not return to the United States until 1936 after his father worked for the Chinese National YMCA. The young <mask> graduated summa cum laude from Yale University in 1942 with a degree in international relations. He was promoted from private to lieutenant in the United States Marine Corps during World War II. He earned an M.A. after the war. There was a degree in international relations from Yale in 1947. He was a correspondent for Chicago Daily News and a fellow of the Institute of Current World Affairs.He traveled throughout China, starting in the Northwest, where he interviewed a warlord, and then living in a poor village in the western part of the country, where he found hard-boiled eggs. The conflicts of the Chinese Civil War were chronicled by him. In 1949, he saw the People's Liberation Army enter Peiping. <mask> was a public affairs officer in Hong Kong in the 1950s, helping to analyze China's internal politics and draft recommendations for propaganda campaigns. He spent four years as an associate of the American Universities Field Staff in Hong Kong, writing about current developments in China. <mask> was program director for the Ford Foundation in Hong Kong in the late 1950s and used substantial funds to research China at a time when many foundations did not support them because of the hostile politics of the McCarthy era. <mask> joined the faculty of Columbia University in 1961.He was a principal witness in the Congressional review of China policy in 1966. China was seen as an enemy because of its support of North Vietnamese expansion. China was feared to be a revolutionary force that wanted to topple democratic governments. <mask> told the committee that China's initial reaction to American overtures was "almost certain to be negative and hostile and that any changes in our posture will create some new problems, but... initiatives on our part clearly are required if we are to work, however slowly, toward the long term In 1969 <mask> moved to the School of Advanced International Studies, where he stayed until 1989. He worked to improve the public debate and encourage research on China. The National Committee on U.S.-China Relations was formed by him and other academics.The Joint Committee on Contemporary China was organized by the American Council of Learned Societies. The establishment of the Universities Service Center in Hong Kong was supported by him. At a time when Americans were not allowed into the People's Republic of China, the Center hosted so-called "China watchers" from around the world. He was on the editorial board of China Quarterly from 1960 to 1982. <mask> was in Washington lobbying to end China's isolation. In an interview with the New York Times shortly before his death, <mask> recalled a private meeting he attended between Richard Nixon and China scholars in 1969: "I always felt that Nixon was the guy, because of his background...I am not sure the Democrats would have been capable of taking a major He came up with the formula "containment without isolation" to describe a diplomatic opening that would still recognize China as a danger.According to <mask>, Americans tend to shape their views of China to fit their own preconceptions and mood of the moment. He was in favor of President Jimmy Carter's drive to follow in the footsteps of Nixon and formal diplomatic recognition of China. In the early 1980s he advised against the sale of modernized jet fighters to the Republic of China on Taiwan, a position that was followed in the presidency of Ronald Reagan. Basic conference volumes were published by <mask> along with his public and policy advocacy. <mask>, along with other leading China specialists of the 1960s, spoke to both a scholarly and a wider audience. His works, along with those of other scholars, continued to shape the research agenda and analytical vocabulary of the field. <mask>, along with other seniors scholars such as Lucian Pye, had both the in-depth knowledge of specific places and the ability to make sensible judgements about China.The works of <mask>'s generation had flaws. They focused on formal structures and official policies rather than how those institutions worked in practice or how they affected the lives of ordinary citizens. They didn't make enough historical, comparative, or theoretical comparisons. Two of <mask>'s students became academic scholars and government advisers. According to Oksenberg, <mask>'s personality was "deeply emotional about China yet carefully analytical; eternally optimistic yet realistic; adventursome yet cautious; committed yet balanced; modest yet authoritative; tolerant yet demanding; relaxed yet intense; gentle yet tough." The <mask> Lecture on Sino-American Relations has been held in <mask>'s birthplace of Shanghai for over a decade. The lecture is supported by the National Committee on U.S.-China Relations, the Shanghai Association of American Studies, and the Shanghai American Chamber of Commerce.The only one of its kind delivered on Chinese soil, the lecture has been made by a number of very prominent Americans including President Jimmy Carter, and honors <mask>'s critical influence on U.S.-China relations, as well as that of his esteemed student,Michel Oksenberg. <mask> met his wife at the United Nations. John S. Badeau was the president of the American University in Cairo. They got married in Hong Kong. They had four children, two daughters and a son. Robert W<mask> was a United States diplomat who served as deputy assistant secretary of state for East Asia and the Pacific from 1963 to 1970. The Council on Foreign Relations published Communist China and Asia: Challenge to American Policy in 1960.With a friend. Writers from China.

masks:
Arthur Doak Barnett
Barnett
Barnett
Barnett
Barnett
Barnett
Barnett
Barnett
Barnett
Barnett
Barnett
Barnett
Barnett
Barnett
Barnett
Barnett
Barnett
Barnett
Barnett
Barnett
Barnett
Barnett Oksenberg
Barnett
Barnett
Barnett
. Barnett