title: John McCain

texts: distributorship. He gained the support of the local business community by meeting powerful figures such as Charles Keating Jr., real estate developer Fife Symington III and newspaper publisher Darrow "Duke" Tully. <mask> was a Republican when he ran for an open seat in Arizona's 1st congressional district in 1982.<mask> was accused of being a carpetbagger. The most devastating response to a potentially troublesome political issue I've ever heard was <mask>'s response to the voter who made the charge. In the Republican district, he easily won the general election. <mask> was assigned to the House Committee on Interior Affairs after being elected to lead the incoming group of Republican representatives. He admitted in 2008 that he was wrong to oppose the creation of a federal Martin Luther King Jr. Day. <mask>'s politics were mostly in line with those of President Ronald Reagan, with support for Reaganomics, and he was active on Indian Affairs bills. He supported most aspects of the foreign policy of the Reagan administration, including its hardline stance against the Soviet Union.The 1983 Beirut barracks bombing killed hundreds and <mask> criticized Reagan for pulling out the troops too late. <mask> was re-elected to the House in 1984 and got a spot on the Foreign Affairs Committee. In 1985 he traveled to Vietnam and met with the military ruler of the country, General Augusto Pinochet. <mask> and Cindy had their first child in 1984, followed two years later by son <mask> IV and in 1988 by son James. Cindy brought an abandoned three-month-old girl to the U.S. from a Bangladeshi orphanage run by Mother Teresa. The <mask>s decided to adopt her. <mask>'s Senate career began in January 1987 after he defeated his opponent by 20 percentage points in the 1986 election.<mask> succeeded Arizona native, conservative icon, and the 1964 Republican presidential nominee Barry Goldwater upon Goldwater's retirement as U.S. senator from Arizona for 30 years. In January 1988 <mask> voted in favor of the Civil Rights Restoration Act of 1987, and the following March he voted to override Reagan's veto of the legislation. The Commerce Committee and the Indian Affairs Committee were joined by Senator <mask>, who had previously done his Navy liaison work. He supported the Native American agenda. <mask> was one of the main authors of the 1988 Indian Gaming Regulatory Act, which codified rules regarding Native American gambling enterprises. Automatic spending cuts in the case of budget deficits were championed by <mask>. <mask> gained national attention.He delivered a well-received speech at the 1988 Republican National Convention, was mentioned by the press as a short list vice-presidential running mate for George H. W. Bush, and was named chairman of Veterans for Bush. Keating Five <mask> became involved in a scandal during the 1980s, as one of five United States senators. <mask> repaid $112,000 in political contributions from Charles Keating Jr. and his associates at Lincoln Savings and Loan Association in 1989. <mask> met twice with federal regulators to discuss the government's investigation of Lincoln, after he was contacted by Keating in order to prevent the government's seizure of Lincoln. <mask> said in 1999 that the appearance was wrong. The appearance of a group of senators in a meeting with regulators conveys the impression of improper influence. It was the wrong thing to do.<mask> was cleared of any wrongdoing by the Senate Ethics Committee but reprimanded for his poor judgement. In his 1992 re-election bid, the Keating Five affair was not a major issue and he won easily with 56 percent of the vote. <mask> had a reputation for independence in the 1990s. He was proud of challenging party leadership and establishment forces. As a member of the 1991– 1993 Senate Select Committee on POW/MIA Affairs, chaired by fellow Vietnam War veteran and Democrat, <mask>, <mask> investigated the Vietnam War POW/MIA issue to determine the fate of U.S. service personnel listed as missing in action during the Vietnam War There was no compelling evidence that an American is still alive in Southeast Asia. In 1995 the U.S. normalized diplomatic relations with Vietnam.Some POW/MIA activists believed large numbers of Americans were still held against their will in Southeast Asia despite the committee's unanimous report. <mask> was Chairman of the International Republican Institute from January 1993 until his death. <mask> voted to confirm President Clinton's Supreme Court nominees in 1993 and 1994. He said that it was the president's call to make. Ronald Reagan and George H.W. were nominated by <mask>. Bush included Robert Bork and Clarence Thomas. <mask> made campaign finance reform his signature issue after attacking the corrupting influence of large political contributions from corporations, labor unions, other organizations, and wealthy individuals.The <mask> bill attempted to put limits on "soft money", while he worked with Russ Feingold on campaign finance reform. The efforts of <mask> and Feingold were opposed by some of the moneyed interests targeted, by incumbents in both parties, and by those who wanted to counterbalance the power of what they saw as media. The initial versions of the McCain–Feingold Act were never voted on. <mask> used the term "maverick Republican" a lot. <mask> opposed military operations in the country in 1993. The Line Item Veto Act of 1996, which gave the president power to veto individual spending items but was ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court in 1998, was one of the targets of his. In the 1996 presidential election, <mask> was on the short list of possible vice-presidential picks, this time for Republican nominee Bob Dole.Time magazine named <mask> one of the 25 most influential people in America. In 1997, <mask> became chairman of the powerful Senate Commerce Committee and was criticized for accepting funds from corporations and businesses under the committee's purview, but he said the small contributions he received were not part of the big-money nature of the campaign finance problem. <mask> proposed legislation in 1998 that would increase cigarette taxes in order to fund anti-smoking campaigns, discourage teenage smokers, increase money for health research studies, and help states pay for smoking-related health care costs. The bill was supported by the Clinton administration but opposed by the industry. <mask> was re-elected to a third term in the Senate in 1998. <mask> voted to convict the president of perjury and obstruction of justice in the Senate trial that followed the impeachment of Clinton. In March 1999, <mask> voted to approve the NATO bombing campaign against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, saying that the ongoing genocide of the Kosovo War must be stopped.<mask> and Feingold received the Profile in Courage Award for their work in trying to get the campaign finance reform passed. In August 1999, <mask>'s memoir Faith of My Fathers, co-authored with Mark Salter, was published; a reviewer observed that its appearance "seems to have been timed to the unfolding Presidential campaign." It received positive reviews, became a best seller, and was later made into a film. The book traces <mask>'s family background and childhood, as well as his service before and during the Vietnam War, concluding with his release from captivity in 1973. The kind of challenges that most of us can barely imagine is described by one reviewer. It's a fascinating history of a military family. <mask> announced his candidacy for president on September 27, 1999, in New Hampshire, saying he was staging a fight to take our government back from the power brokers and special interests, and return it to the people and the noble cause of freedom it was created to serve.Texas Governor George W. Bush was the front runner for the Republican nomination, but <mask> was supported by many moderate Republicans and some conservative Republicans. <mask>'s message appealed to independents in the New Hampshire primary. He traveled on a bus. He held many town hall meetings, answering every question voters asked, in a successful example of "retail politics", and he used free media to compensate for his lack of funds. One reporter said that <mask> talked all day long with reporters on his Straight Talk Express bus and that the media loved him because he said things that he shouldn't have. He won the New Hampshire primary with 49 percent of the vote, compared to Bush's 30 percent. The Bush campaign and the Republican establishment were worried that a <mask> victory in the South Carolina primary would give his campaign unstoppable momentum.The Arizona Republic wrote that the <mask> primary contest in South Carolina has entered national political lore as a low-water mark in presidential campaigns, while The New York Times said it was a painful symbol of the brutality of American politics. Negative ads were run by a variety of interest groups. Bush borrowed <mask>'s earlier language of reform, but refused to distance himself from a veterans activist who accused <mask> of abandoning the veterans on POW/MIA and Agent Orange issues. Incensed, <mask> ran ads accusing Bush of lying and comparing the governor to Bill Clinton, which Bush said was "about as low a blow as you can give in a Republican primary". An anonymous campaign against <mask> began with push polls, faxes, e-mails, flyers, and audience plants. It was claimed that <mask> had fathered a black child out of wedlock, that his wife was a drug user, and that he was a homosexual. There was no involvement with the attacks by the Bush campaign.Bush outspent <mask> in South Carolina, and <mask> lost the state with 42 percent of the vote to Bush's 53 percent. Bush regained lost steam after the win. <mask> believes that there is a special place in hell for people like that. The South Carolina experience left him in a dark place. <mask>'s campaign didn't recover completely from his South Carolina loss, but he did rebound by winning in Arizona and Michigan a few days later. He made a speech in Virginia Beach that criticized Christian leaders, including Pat Robertson and Jerry Falwell, as divisive conservatives. We won't pander to their self-appointed leaders.<mask> lost the Virginia primary on February 29 and nine of the thirteen primaries on Super Tuesday to Bush. <mask> withdrew from the race on March 9, 2000. He made appearances with the Texas governor during the general election campaign and endorsed Bush two months later. <mask> broke with the new George W. Bush administration on a number of issues, including HMO reform, climate change, and gun control legislation. <mask> was one of two Senate Republicans who voted against the tax cuts. There was a lot of animosity between the two remaining from the previous year's campaign. <mask> defended Jeffords against self-appointed enforcers of party loyalty after Jeffords became an Independent.<mask> had always denied that he ever considered leaving the Republican Party, even though there was speculation at the time. <mask> used political capital gained from his presidential run, as well as improved legislative skills and relationships with other members, to become one of the Senate's most influential members. <mask> supported the war in Afghanistan after 9/11. Lieberman and Hollings co-sponsored the Aviation and Transportation Security Act that federalized airport security, while Lieberman wrote the legislation that created the 9/11 Commission. The Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002 was signed into law by President Bush. <mask>'s greatest legislative achievement was seven years in the making. <mask> was in favor of the Bush administration's position on Iraq.He voted for the Iraq War Resolution in October 2002 because he said that Iraq was a clear and present danger to the United States of America. He predicted that the Iraqi people would treat the U.S. forces as liberators. At a time of war, <mask> voted against the second round of Bush tax cuts. <mask> lost confidence in Rumsfeld after he questioned the Secretary of Defense about the need for more U.S. troops in Iraq. In October 2003 <mask> and Lieberman co-sponsored the Climate Stewardship Act that would have introduced a cap and trade system aimed at returning greenhouse gas emissions to 2000 levels; the bill was defeated with 55 votes to 43 in the Senate. The final time that modified versions of the Act were reintroduced was with the co-sponsorship of Barack Obama. During the 2004 U.S. presidential election campaign, <mask> was once again mentioned for the vice-presidential slot, only this time as part of the Democratic ticket under nominee <mask>.If Kerry had offered him the position, <mask> would not have accepted it. <mask> praised Bush's management of the War on Terror at the 2004 Republican National Convention. He defended Kerry's Vietnam War record. <mask> had the highest favorable-to-unfavorable rating of any national politician by August 2004, and he spent more time campaigning for Bush than he had in the previous four years. <mask> was up for re- election in 2004. He received 77 percent of the vote in his victory over Stuart Starky. In May 2005, <mask> led the so-called Gang of 14 in the Senate, which established a compromise that preserved the ability of senators to filibuster judicial nominees, but only in "extraordinary circumstances".Some Republicans were disappointed that the compromise did not eliminate filibusters of judicial nominees in all circumstances. <mask> cast Supreme Court confirmation votes in favor of <mask> and Samuel Alito, calling them two of the finest justices ever appointed to the United States Supreme Court. <mask> broke from his 2001 and 2003 votes when he supported the Bush tax cut extension. <mask> was a strong supporter of comprehensive immigration reform, which involved legalization, guest worker programs, and border enforcement components. The Comprehensive Immigration Reform Act of 2006 was 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 was 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465

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title: John McCain

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texts: 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 888-282-0465 In June 2007, President Bush, <mask>, and others made the strongest push yet for such a bill, the Comprehensive Immigration Reform Act of 2007, but it aroused intense grassroots opposition. The Indian gaming industry grew to $23 billion by the middle of the 2000s, thanks to McCain.He was twice chairman of the Senate Indian Affairs Committee and helped expose the Jack Abramoff Indian lobbying scandal. <mask> was pushing for amendments to the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act which would have limited creation of off-reservation casinos, and also limited the movement of tribes across state lines to build casinos. <mask> was recognized for his sensitivity to the treatment of prisoners of war during his time as a POW. Some of these guys are terrible, terrible killers and the worst kind of scum of humanity, says an opponent of the Bush administration's use of torture. They should have some kind of trial for their cases. The Senate voted 90–9 to support <mask>'s amendment to the defense appropriations bill. The military can't treat prisoners inhumanely if they use the techniques in the U.S. Army Field Manual on Interrogation.Although Bush had threatened to veto the bill if <mask>'s amendment was included, the President announced in December 2005 that he accepted <mask>'s terms and would " make it clear to the world that this government does not torture and that we adhere to the international convention of torture, whether it be <mask> was named one of America's 10 Best Senators by Time magazine in 2006 for his stance. The bill containing a ban on waterboarding was narrowly passed and vetoed by Bush after <mask> voted against it. This wasn't a vote on waterboarding, according to <mask>'s spokesman. The standards of the Army field manual were applied to CIA personnel. <mask> questioned the progress of the war in Iraq. In September 2005, he commented on the war's progress, saying that things have not gone as well as he had planned or expected.He criticized the administration in August 2006 for understating the effectiveness of the insurgency. <mask> was in favor of the Iraq troop surge in 2007. The strategy's opponents labeled it "<mask>'s plan" and the University of Virginia political science professor said, "<mask> owns Iraq just as much as Bush does now." The surge and the war were unpopular even within the Republican Party, as <mask>'s presidential campaign was about to begin, and he often responded, "I would much rather lose a campaign than a war." <mask> credited the surge strategy with reducing violence in Iraq as he made his eighth trip to that country since the war began. On April 25, 2007, <mask> formally announced his intention to run for President of the United States. "I'm not running for president to be someone, but to do something; to do the hard but necessary things, not the easy and needless things," he stated.<mask>'s strengths as a presidential candidate for 2008 included national name recognition, sponsorship of major lobbying and campaign finance reform initiatives, his ability to reach across the aisle, his well-known military service and experience as a POW, his experience from the 2000 presidential campaign, and an <mask> helped raise more than $10 million for Republican candidates during the 2006 election. <mask> was willing to ask business and industry for campaign contributions, even though they would not affect his decisions. As the year progressed, <mask> was in second place behind Rudy Giuliani in national Republican polls, despite being considered the front-runner for the nomination by pundits. <mask>'s support for the Comprehensive Immigration Reform Act of 2007, which was unpopular among the Republican base electorate, caused him to have fundraising problems in the first half of 2007. <mask> said that he was not considering dropping out of the race despite large-scale campaign staff downsizing. The campaign manager and chief strategist both left.<mask> ran third or fourth in national polls, with 15 percent or less support. The Arizona senator resumed his position as a political outsider after riding the Straight Talk Express and taking advantage of free media such as debates and sponsored events. None of the top-tier candidates dominated the race and all of them had major vulnerabilities with different elements of the Republican base electorate. <mask> was showing a resurgence, in particular with renewed strength in New Hampshire, which was the scene of his 2000 triumph, as well as the endorsements of The Boston Globe, the New Hampshire Union Leader, and almost two dozen other state newspapers, as well as from Senator Lieberman. Huckabee won the Iowa caucuses on January 3, 2008, despite <mask>'s decision not to campaign much. <mask>'s comeback plan paid off when he won the New Hampshire primary on January 8, defeating former Governor of Massachusetts Romney in a close contest to become one of the front-runners in the race. <mask> narrowly defeated Huckabee in the South Carolina primary.Tennessee's former U.S. was credited with the third-place finish. In South Carolina, Senator Fred Thompson got Huckabee to vote for <mask>. <mask> beat Romney in the Florida primary, but Giuliani dropped out and endorsed <mask>. On February 5, <mask> won both the majority of states and delegates in the Super Tuesday Republican primaries, giving him a commanding lead toward the Republican nomination. Romney left the race on February 7. <mask> became the presumptive Republican nominee after his wins in the March4 primaries. He would have been the first president to be born outside the United States if he had been elected.The United States Constitution requires the president to be a natural-born citizen of the United States. A bipartisan legal review and unanimous Senate resolution concluded that he was a natural born citizen. He would have been the oldest person to become president if he had been inaugurated in 2009. <mask> stated in 2005 that his health was excellent. A mark on the left side of his face was left after an operation for melanoma in 2000. <mask> had already survived without a recurrence for more than seven years, according to independent experts. In May 2008, <mask>'s campaign briefly let the press review his medical records, and he was described as being cancer-free, having a strong heart, and in general being in good health.While Barack Obama and Hillary Clinton battled for the Democratic nomination, <mask> focused on the general election. <mask> wanted to improve his fundraising. <mask> made part of her tax returns public in May. Five top aides to the <mask> campaign left in May 2008 after the campaign issued new rules to avoid conflicts of interest. When Obama became the Democrats' presumptive nominee in June, <mask> proposed joint town hall meetings, but Obama requested more traditional debates. The <mask> campaign had a staff shake-up in July of this year. Rick Davis had a reduced role in the campaign.In 2005 and 2006 the U.S. intelligence warned <mask>'s Senate staff about Davis's Russian links. During the summer of 2008, Obama led <mask> in national polls by single-digit margins, and he also led in several key swing states. <mask> reprised his familiar role, which was due at least in part to the challenges Republicans faced in the election year. <mask> accepted public financing for the general election campaign, but criticized his opponent for opting out of the system, which was implemented in 1976. The Republican's campaign theme was about his experience and ability to lead. Sarah Palin was <mask>'s surprise choice for a running mate. After Walter Mondale, <mask> was the second major-party presidential nominee to pick a woman as his running mate.At the 2008 Republican National Convention in Saint Paul, Minnesota, <mask> became the Republican Party's presidential and vice presidential nominees. <mask> surged ahead of Obama in national polls after the convention, as he gained the trust of core Republican voters who had previously been wary of him. However, by the campaign's own admission, the national media's coverage ofPalin went poorly, and voter reactions to her became negative, especially among independents and other voters who were concerned about her qualifications. A New York Times journalist said that <mask> put anti-intellectualism and disrespect for facts at the center of the Republican party when he chose Sarah Palin as his running mate. Laura McGann says that <mask> gave the "reality TV politics" and Tea Party movement more political legitimacy, as well as solidifying the Republican Party's comfort with a candidate who would say absurdities. Although <mask> expressed regret for not choosing the independent Senator Joe Lieberman as his VP candidate, he still defended his performance at his events. On September 24, <mask> said he was temporarily suspending his campaign activities, called on Obama to join him, and proposed delaying the first of the general election debates with Obama in order to work on the proposed U.S. financial system bail out.<mask>'s intervention gave dissatisfied House Republicans the chance to make changes to the plan that was close to agreement. <mask> went ahead with the debate after Obama declined his suspension suggestion. <mask> voted in favor of the revised rescue plan. The polls after the first debate suggested that Obama had won. The last presidential debate took place on October 15. <mask> was outspent by Obama by a four to one margin. During and after the final debate, <mask> compared Obama's policies to socialism and often invoked "Joe the Plumber" as a symbol of American small business dreams that would be thwarted by an Obama presidency.He did not allow the use of the Wright controversy in ads against Obama. His rallies became increasingly violent, with attendees denigrating Obama and displaying anti-Muslim and anti-African-American sentiment. During a campaign rally in Minnesota, a <mask> supporter said she didn't trust Obama because he was an Arab. "No ma'am," <mask> replied. I have disagreements with him on fundamental issues, but he's a decent family man. <mask>'s response was considered one of the finest moments of the campaign and was still being viewed several years later as a marker for civility in American politics, particularly in light of the anti-Muslim and anti-immigrant animus of the Donald Trump presidency. At the time, there were a lot of people trying to get my dad to go against Obama.She said that she thought it was a morally amazing and beautiful moment, but that maybe there would be people in the Republican Party that would be angry. The election took place on November 4, and Barack Obama was declared the winner at 11:00 pm Eastern Standard Time, while <mask> delivered his concession speech twenty minutes later. He noted the significance of Obama being the nation's first African American president. <mask> won 173 electoral votes to Obama's 365, but he failed to win most of the battleground states and lost some traditionally Republican ones. <mask> gained 46 percent of the popular vote, compared to Obama's 53 percent. <mask> returned to the Senate despite differing opinions about what role he might play there. He met with the President-elect in November of 2008 and they talked about the same issues.<mask> said he intended to run for re-election to his Senate seat in 2010. As the inauguration neared, Obama consulted with <mask> on a variety of matters, to an extent rarely seen between a president-elect and his defeated rival, and President Obama's inauguration speech contained an allusion to <mask>'s theme of finding a purpose greater than oneself. Nevertheless, <mask> emerged as a leader of the Republican opposition to the Obama economic package of 2009, saying it incorporated federal policy changes that had nothing to do with near-term job creation and would expand the federal budget deficit. By August of 2009, <mask> was siding more often with his Republican Party on closely divided votes, after voting against Obama's Supreme Court nominee, "I do not believe that she shares my belief in judicial restraint." <mask> criticized Obama for taking too long in deciding whether to send more troops to Afghanistan. <mask> strongly opposed the Obama health care plan and criticized Obama for scrapping the U.S. missile defense complex in Poland. <mask> led a successful filibuster of a measure that would allow repeal of the military's "Don't ask, don't tell" policy towards gays.Factors involved in <mask>'s new direction included Senate staffers leaving, a renewed concern over national debt levels and the scope of federal government, a possible Republican primary challenge from conservatives in 2010, and <mask>'s campaign edge being slow to wear off. A lot of people, including me, thought he might be the Republican building bridges to the Obama Administration. He's been like the guy blowing up the bridges. A radio talk show host had a challenge in early 2010. Some elements of the Tea Party movement supported Congressman J. D. Hayworth in the 2010 U.S. Senate election in Arizona. <mask> said he never considered himself a maverick despite using the term on a number of occasions. I serve the people of Arizona to the best of my abilities.The primary challenge was caused by <mask> reversing or muting his stance on a number of issues. <mask> strongly opposed the landmark legislation not only on its merits but also on the way it had been handled in Congress. He warned that there would be no cooperation for the rest of the year because congressional Republicans would not work with Democrats on anything else. They poisoned the well and how they did it. <mask> became a vocal defender of Arizona's tough anti-illegal immigration state law, which aroused national controversy, saying that the federal government's inability to control the border forced the state to take action. <mask>

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title: John McCain

texts: defeated Hayworth in the August 24 primary. <mask> defeated Glassman in the general election.<mask> voted for the compromise Tax Relief, Unemployment Insurance Reauthorization, and Job Creation Act of 2010, but against the DREAM Act and the New START Treaty. He was the leader of the losing fight against "Don't ask, don't tell" repeal. He sometimes fell into anger or hostility on the Senate floor, and called the passage a very sad day that would compromise the battle effectiveness of the military. While control of the House of Representatives went to the Republicans in the 112th Congress, the Senate remained Democratic and <mask> remained the ranking member of the Senate Armed Services Committee. As the Arab Spring took center stage, <mask> urged that the Egyptian president, Hosni Mubarak, step down and thought the U.S. should push for democratic reforms in the region despite the risks of religious extremists gaining power. The military intervention in Libya was supported by <mask>. The highest-ranking American to do so was to visit the Anti-Gaddafi forces in April of that year.The administration's disregard for the elected representatives of the American people on this matter has been troubling. <mask> voted for the Budget Control Act of 2011. Civil libertarians objected to codifying in the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2012 that terrorism suspects, no matter where they are captured, could be held by the U.S. military and its tribunal system. In the 2012 Republican Party presidential primaries, <mask> endorsed Romney but compared the contest to a Greek tragedy due to its drawn-out nature with massive super PAC-funded attack ads damaging all the candidates. He labeled the Supreme Court's 2010 Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission decision as "uninformed, arrogant, nave" and said it would become the court's worst decision. <mask> took the lead in opposing the defense spending cuts brought on by the Budget Control Act of 2011 and gained attention for defending State Department aide Huma Abedin against charges brought by a few House Republicans that she had ties to the Muslim Brotherhood. <mask> was a frequent guest on the Sunday morning news talk shows.He became one of the most vocal critics of the Obama administration's handling of the September 11, 2012 attack on the U.S. diplomatic mission in Libya. As a result of this strong opposition, he and a few other senators were successful in blocking the planned nomination of Ambassador to the UN Susan Rice to succeed Hillary Rodham Clinton as U.S. Secretary of State. <mask> advocated for the U.S. to intervene in the Syrian civil war on the side of the anti-government forces. He was the first senator to visit the rebels inside Syria and called for the establishment of a no-fly zone over the country. <mask> denied that one of the people he posed for pictures with was involved in the kidnapping of 11 Shiite pilgrims from Lebanon. The Foreign Relations committee voted in favor of Obama's request to Congress that it authorize a military response after <mask> argued for strong American military action against the government of the Syrian president. <mask> was the first to criticize a growing non-interventionist movement within the Republican Party.<mask> was a member of the "Gang of Eight", which announced principles for another attempt at comprehensive immigration reform. The Border Security, Economic Opportunity, and Immigration Modernization Act was passed by the Senate but faced an uncertain future in the House. In July of last year, <mask> was at the forefront of an agreement among senators to drop filibusters against Obama administration executive nominees without Democrats resorting to the "nuclear option". The option would be imposed later in the year, to the senator's displeasure. The developments show that <mask> has become the leader of a power center in the Senate for cutting deals in an otherwise bitterly partisan environment, and that he has improved relations with the Obama administration, including the president himself. Some observers thought the "maverick" <mask> had returned. <mask> was skeptical about the Republican strategy that led to the U.S. federal government shutting down and the U.S. debt-ceiling crisis.He was one of nine Republican senators who voted for the Bipartisan Budget Act at the end of the year. The Arizona Republican Party censured <mask> for having a liberal record because of his apostasies. In June of last year, <mask> decried the U.S. failure to protect its past gains in Iraq, after the Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant took control of Northern Iraq. <mask> wondered if all this had been avoided. The answer is yes. It's because I'm angry. <mask> was a supporter of the Euromaidan protests against Ukrainian President Viktor Yanukovych and his government.<mask> became a supporter of giving arms to the Ukrainian military after the Russian military intervention in the country. <mask> led the opposition to the appointments of Colleen Bell, Noah Mamet, and George Tsunis to the ambassadorships in Hungary, Argentina, and Norway, arguing they were unqualified appointees being rewarded for their political fundraising. In December of last year, <mask> supported the release of the contents of the Senate Intelligence Committee report on CIA torture. It can cause problems at home and abroad. Sometimes it is used by our enemies to hurt us. The American people are entitled to it. He said that the CIA's practices after the September 11 attacks had "stained our national honor" while doing a lot of harm and little practical good.We must not. He was against the Obama administration's decision to improve relations with Cuba. The 114th United States Congress convened in January of 2015 with Republicans in control of the Senate, and <mask> achieved one of his goals when he became chairman of the armed services committee. In this position, he led the writing of proposed Senate legislation that sought to modify parts of the Goldwater-Nichols Act of 1986 in order to return responsibility for major weapons systems acquisition back to the individual armed services and their secretaries and away from the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, <mask> forged a good relationship with Jack Reed as chair and tried to maintain a bipartisan approach. In April 2015, <mask> announced that he would run for a sixth term in the Senate. It was not clear if the Tea Party would mount an effective primary challenge against him.In 2015, <mask> strongly opposed the Obama administration's proposed comprehensive agreement on the Iranian nuclear program, saying that Secretary of State Kerry was "delusional" and "giv[ing] away the store" in negotiations with Iran. <mask> supported the Saudi Arabian-led military intervention in Yemen against the Shia Houthis and forces loyal to former President Ali Abdullah Saleh. Not as many have been executed by the Houthis. When Barack Obama pulled everybody out of Iraq, al-Qaeda went to Syria, and now the Islamic State is what it is today thanks to his failures, according to <mask>. Even though he had disagreements with Trump, <mask> said he would support the Republican nominee. <mask> endorsed the sentiment expressed in Romney's anti-Trump speech, saying he had serious concerns about Trump's "uninformed and indeed dangerous statements on national security issues". When <mask> referred to a room full of Trump supporters as "crazies", the real estate mogul said of <mask>: "He insulted me, and he insulted everyone in that room."He is a war hero because he was captured. I like people who weren't captured, but right now he's said a lot of bad things about a lot of people. Rick Santorum, a commentator for the Republican Party, said that "@SenJohnMcCain is an American hero, period", and Governor Scott Walker used the comments as the basis for his. A federal loan guarantee for a development project on the West Side of Manhattan was opposed by <mask>. After Trump became the presumptive nominee of the party on May 3, <mask> said that he would support him. <mask> faced a primary challenge from a fervent Trump supporter and then was expected to face a strong challenge from a democrat in the general election. The senator was worried about the effect that Trump's unpopularity among Hispanic voters would have on his own chances, but he kept his endorsement of Trump in place and tried to speak of him as little as possible because of their disagreements.<mask> defeated Ward in the primary by a double-digit percentage point margin, and when the Donald Trump Access Hollywood controversy broke, he felt secure enough to withdraw his endorsement of Trump. <mask> stated that Trump's "demeaning comments about women and his boasts about sexual assaults" made it impossible to continue to offer even conditional support and that he would not vote for Hillary Clinton. <mask> secured a sixth term as United States Senator from Arizona at the age of 80. In November of 2016 <mask> was made aware of the existence of the Trump campaign's links to Russia compiled by Christopher Steele. A representative was sent by <mask> to get more information. The FBI Director met with <mask> in December of 2016 to discuss the report. <mask> let the FBI investigate because he felt the allegations were unverifiable.The United States should strengthen its sanctions against Russia according to <mask>. On December 23, 2017, the State Department announced that the United States would provide Ukraine with enhanced defensive capabilities. James R. Clapper Jr., the Director of National Intelligence, Michael S. Rogers, the head of the National Security Agency and United States Cyber were all at the hearing chaired by <mask>. <mask> voted in favor of the arms deal with Saudi Arabia. In July of last year, <mask> said, "Have no doubt: Congress must replace Obamacare, which has hit Arizonans with some of the highest premium increases in the country." He objected that the Senate bill did not do enough to protect the Medicaid system in Arizona. <mask> said that "this is only the latest example of Communist China's assault on human rights, democracy, and freedom."In September of last year, <mask> made a decision to scrap future military cooperation with the country. <mask> praised President Trump's decision to decertify Iran's compliance with the Iran nuclear deal while not yet withdrawing the U.S. from the agreement. President Trump's goals are a welcomed change. <mask> had a brain surgery in July of last year in order to remove a blood clot above his left eye. McConnell delayed a vote on the Better Care Reconciliation Act because of his absence. The laboratory results from the surgery confirmed the presence of a very aggressive brain tumor. Even with treatment, the average survival time is 14 months.<mask> was 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 Many people, including former President Obama, wished Senator <mask> well. <mask>'s office said in a statement that he appreciated the support he had received. He is doing well at home with his family. He is grateful to the doctors and staff at the Clinic, and he is confident that any future treatment will be effective. <mask> announced on July 24 that he would return to the Senate the next day. Less than two weeks after brain surgery, <mask> returned to the Senate.He cast the deciding vote that allowed the Senate to begin consideration of the replacement bills. <mask> criticized the voting process used by the Republicans, as well as by the Democrats, in passing theAffordable Care Act, and urged a return to regular order using the usual committee hearings and deliberations. He cast the decisive vote against theskinny repeal option on July 28. The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act was supported by <mask>. <mask> did not vote in the Senate after he was diagnosed with cancer. He was reported to be in stable condition the day after he had surgery for diverticulitis. As chair of the full committee, the Committee on Armed Services may serve as an ex-officio member of the Subcommittee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs.On August 24, 2018, <mask>'s family announced that he would no longer receive treatment for his cancer. He died with his family by his side at his home in Cornville, Arizona. <mask>'s birthday was August 29 and he lay in state in the Arizona State Capitol. On August 30 there was a service at North Phoenix Baptist Church. He was laid to rest in the rotunda of the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C. on August 31, followed by a service at the Washington National Cathedral on September 1. He was a lifelong Episcopalian who attended but did not join a Southern Baptist church for at least 17 years. Prior to his death, <mask> requested that Presidents George W. Bush and Barack Obama not speak at his funeral.The pallbearers included former Vice President Joe Biden, former Secretary of Defense William Cohen, and Russian dissident Vladimirovich Kara-Murza. The Secretary General of NATO, the Speaker of Taiwan's Congress, the National Defense Minister of Canada, and the Foreign Minister of Sweden attended <mask>'s service. Barack Obama, George W. Bush, Henry Kissinger, and Joe Lieberman gave speeches at the memorial service. The biggest meeting of anti-Trump figures during his presidency was described by the New Yorker. The funeral was attended by many American political figures. Former United States Presidents Obama, Bush, Clinton, Carter, First Ladies Laura, Hillary, andRosalyn, and former Vice Presidents Biden, Cheney, Gore, and Quayle attended. Bush was too

masks: McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain McCain


title: John McCain

texts: ill to attend the service, and President Trump was not invited.Both current and former politicians attended the event. The figures included <mask>. Kelly, Jim Mattis, Bob Dole, Madeleine Albright, <mask>,Mitch McConnell, Paul Ryan, Nancy Pelosi, Chuck Schumer, Mitt Romney, Lindsey Graham, Jeff Flake, Elizabeth Warren, and Jon Huntsman. President Trump's daughter and son-in-law attended to the displeasure of <mask>. Warren Beatty and Annette Bening, as well as comedians Jay Leno and Joy Behar, attended the funeral. Crowds of onlookers lined the streets of Maryland to watch the funeral cortege travel to the Naval Academy. The brigade of midshipmen and <mask>'s classmates attended a private service at the Naval Academy Chapel. At the United States Naval Academy Cemetery, <mask> was laid to rest next to his Naval Academy roommate and lifelong friend, admiral Charles R. Larson.Many celebrities paid tribute to the late Senator. They included Tom Hanks, Ellen, Reese, and Jimmy. The governor of Arizona was given the power to appoint <mask>'s interim replacement until a special election is held in 2020 to determine who will serve out the remainder of <mask>'s term. Jon Kyl is a senator. The replacement must be of the same party as <mask>. <mask>, former Senator Jon Kyl, and former Representatives Matt Salmon and <mask>gg have been speculated about as potential appointees. On September 4, two days after <mask> was buried, Kyl was appointed to fill <mask>'s seat, despite the fact that he wouldn't make a formal appointment until after <mask>'s final funeral and burial.Jimmy Carter, George H. W. Bush, Bill Clinton, George W. Bush, Barack Obama, as well as Vice President Mike Pence and President Richard Nixon paid their respects to <mask>. French President, Taiwanese President, Ukrainian President, Prime Minister Volodymyr Groysman, Australian Prime Minister Scott Morrison, British Prime Minister Theresa May and former Prime Minister David all took office on the same day. Colonel Duyt ran the Ha L Prison when <mask> was there and liked him for his strong stance. I was fond of him because he and <mask> helped to promote Vietnam-US relations after he became a US Senator. I was sad when I heard about his death. I would like to convey my sympathies to his family. Lindsey Graham said <mask>'s last words to him were "I love you, I have not been cheated."His daughter said that she was present at the time of his death. <mask> was recognized in the "In Memoriam" segment at the 70th Primetime Emmy Awards. Fans questioned the inclusion of <mask> because he wasn't well known for television. He had hosted and appeared on Saturday Night Live. He made appearances on 24 and Parks and Recreation. The Russell Senate Office Building will be renamed after <mask>, according to Schumer. The bellringers of Washington National Cathedral rang a quarter peal of Grandsire Caters in memory of <mask>.The Bells of Congress can be heard at the Old Post Office in Washington. The White House was going to release a statement praising <mask>'s life, but President Trump refused to do so. The flag at the White House was raised to full-staff at 12:01 a.m. on August 27 after being lowered to half-staff on August 25. The media coverage of <mask>'s death was excessive according to Trump. In contrast with the White House's initial decision, many governors, both Democratic and Republican, had ordered flags in their states to fly at half-staff until <mask> McConnell and Chuck Schumer requested support from the Defense Department so that flags would be flown at The American Legion and AMVETS objected to Trump ordering the White House flag back to half-staff. Trump ordered flags to be flown at half-staff until <mask>'s interment at the Naval Academy Cemetery, after issuing a statement praising <mask>'s service to the country.In the seven months after <mask>'s death, Trump criticized <mask> at least four times. Trump claimed that he was not thanked for approving <mask>'s funeral. The Washington National Cathedral said that no governmental or presidential approval was needed for <mask>'s funeral because he was not a former president. The Senate approved <mask>'s lying in state, while Trump approved the transport for his body. While claiming <mask> failed on the same issue, Trump described himself as having "got the job done" on the Veterans Choice Act. One of the main authors of the bill was <mask>. <mask>'s name is included in the full title of the VA MISSION Act of 2018, an expansion of that law signed by Trump.<mask> was actually fifth from last, despite Trump's claim that he graduated "last in his class". Advocacy groups give <mask> scores or grades for how well his votes align with their positions. CrowdPac gave Senator <mask> a score of 4.3C, with 10C being the most conservative and 10L being the most liberal, based on donations made and received. The National Journal rates a Senator's votes by what percentage of the Senate voted more liberally than him or her, and what percentage more conservatively, in three policy areas: economic, social, and foreign. According to the 2008 Almanac of American Politics, <mask>'s average ratings were as follows: economic policy: 59 percent conservative and 41 percent liberal; social policy: 54 percent conservative and 38 percent liberal; and foreign policy: 56 percent conservative and 43 percent liberal. In 2012 the National Journal gave <mask> a score of 73 percent conservative and 27 percent liberal, while in the same year he received a score of 60 percent conservative and 40 percent liberal. To describe <mask> as "conservative" but not "a conservative" was created by William F. Buckley Jr., meaning that he was not "anchored by the philosophy of modern American".The magazine National Journal rated <mask> along with seven of his colleagues as the "most conservative" Senators for 2010 and he achieved his first 100 percent rating from the American Conservative Union. During Barack Obama's presidency, <mask> was one of the top five Republicans most likely to vote with Obama's position on significant votes, and he was censured by the Arizona Republican party for doing so. <mask> was a board member of Project Vote Smart from the late 1990s until 2008. The project gives non-partisan information about the political positions of <mask> and other candidates. <mask> used his Senate website to describe his political positions. <mask> stated in his speech to the CPAC that he believed in small government, fiscal discipline, low taxes, and a strong defense, judges who enforce, and not make, our laws, and the social values that are the true source of our strength. <mask> said in his memoir that he was a Reagan Republican when he entered Congress.Still going strong. Not a Tea Party Republican. Not a Republican. Not a talk radio or Fox News Republican. Not an isolationist, protectionist, immigrant-bashing, scapegoating, get-nothing-useful Republican. I am often dismissed by conservatives as a RINO, Republican in Name Only. I'm a Reagan Republican who favors lower taxes, less government, free markets, free trade, defense readiness, and democratic internationalism.<mask>'s personal character was the main feature of his public image. This image includes the military service of both himself and his family, the circumstances and tensions surrounding the end of his first marriage and beginning of second, his maverick political persona, his temper, and his close ties to his children from both his marriages. <mask>'s political appeal was less ideological than other national politicians. His service in the Vietnam War contributed to his stature and reputation. His war wounds, as well as his melanoma surgery, were carried by him. He joked that he was older than dirt and had more scars than Frankenstein. Writers praised <mask> for his courage in both war and politics, and wrote sympathetically about him.Many writers expressed sadness and wondered what had happened to <mask> after his shift of political stances and attitudes during and after the 2008 presidential campaign. Some aspects of the older <mask> had returned, and his image became that of a kaleidoscope of conflicting tendencies, including as a Republican In Name Only or a "traitor" to his party. <mask> was straightforward and direct, but impatient. He had a penchant for lucky charms, a penchant for hiking, and a sense of humor that sometimes backfired, as when he made a joke about the Clintons that was widely deemed not fit to print in newspapers. Janet Reno is her father. The Clinton White House accepted <mask>'s apology. <mask> apologized for his weaknesses and did not shy away from addressing them.He had a good relationship with his own Senate staff, even though he was known for being prickly with his Senate colleagues. He formed a strong bond with two senators, Joe Lieberman and Lindsey Graham, and they became dubbed the "Three Amigos". <mask> said that he had said intemperate things in the past, but also said that many stories have been exaggerated. Julia Keller argued that voters want leaders who are passionate, engaged, fiery, and feisty, and that <mask> was not the first presidential candidate to have a temper. <mask> used profanity and shouted at times, but these incidents became less frequent over time. Lieberman said that it is not the kind of anger that is a loss of control. He is very controlling.Senator Cochran, who had battled <mask> over earmarks, expressed concern about a <mask> presidency. He is very hotheaded. He loses his temper. When it was clear that <mask> would win the nomination, Cochran supported him. The editorial board of the Chicago Tribune said that <mask> deserved to be considered among the few US senators in history who are more recognizable than some presidents. <mask>'s family members were on good terms with him, and he defended them against some of the negative consequences of his high-profile political lifestyle. <mask> IV graduated from the U.S. military in the latest generation of his family's military tradition.<mask>'s son James served two tours with the Marines in the Iraq War, as well as his son Doug, who flew jets in the navy. His daughter's presence in the debate about the future of the Republican Party after the 2008 elections showed some of his maverick tendencies. As a co-host on The View, she joined the cast of the popular ABC talk show. Senator <mask> was a guest on the program. <mask> appeared in several shows and films while he was a senator. He had two uncredited appearances in Parks and Recreation. <mask> hosted Saturday Night Live in 2002 and 2008.<mask> received a number of civilian awards and honors. Time magazine named <mask> one of the 25 most influential people in America. <mask> and Feingold received the Profile in Courage Award for their work on campaign finance reform. The pair shared an award for ethics in government. <mask> received the Eisenhower Leadership Prize. Eisenhower's legacy of integrity and leadership is reflected in the recipients of the prize. <mask> received the Bruce F. Vento Public Service Award.The Jewish Institute for National Security Affairs gave the Henry M. Jackson award to <mask>. In 2007, the World Leadership Forum presented <mask> with the Policymaker of the Year Award, which is given to someone who has "created, inspired or strongly influenced important policy or legislation". <mask> was awarded the Order of National Hero by the President of Georgia in 2010. <mask> was awarded a version of the Order of St. Vladimir by the Kyiv Patriarchate. <mask> and Vice President Joe Biden received the Prize for Civility in Public Life from Allegheny College. <mask> received the highest award for foreigners, the Order of Liberty, from the President of Ukraine. The President of Kosovo gave <mask> the "Urdhr i Liris" (Order of Freedom) medal for his contribution to the freedom and independence of Kosovo.<mask> was decorated with the Grand Cordon of the Order of the Rising Sun from the Japanese Emperor for'strengthening bilateral relations and promoting friendship between Japan and the United States'. <mask> received degrees from colleges and universities around the world. Colgate University, The Citadel, Wake Forest University, the University of Southern California, and The New School are included. He was a member of the University Philosophical Society at Trinity College Dublin. The Senator's name was rededicated on July 11, 2018, in honor of his father and grandfather. On November 29, 2017, the Phoenix City Council unanimously voted to name Terminal 3 at Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport in honor of the Senator, which opened on January 7, 2019. Ivan Kudria's street was renamed "John <mask> Street" on April 4, 2019.The books Faith of My Fathers and Worth the Fighting For were made into the 2005 television film Why Courage Matters: The Way to a Braver. The Commander of the U.S. Navy was in the U.S. News & World Report in 1973. The Life of <mask> was written by Brock, David and Waldman. <mask> and the Media is a book by Elizabeth Drew. Feinberg, Barbara Silberdick are authors of <mask>. <mask>: Serving His Country was published in 2000. P.O.W.The American Prisoner-Of-war Experience in Vietnam was written by <mask>. <mask>: An Essay in Military and Political History was published in 2000. Worth the Fighting For was written by Rochester, Stuart I. and Kiley. Honor Bound: American Prisoners of War in Southeast Asia was published in 1999. Robert Timberg wrote The Real <mask>: Why Conservatives Don't Trust Him and Why Independents Shouldn't. Chapter 1 is available online. Robert Timberg.Chapter 1 of The Nightingale's Song is available online. Matt<mask>: The myth of a maverick. <mask> has an official website for the U.S. Senate. Gates, H.L. was in the Encyclopdia Britannica. <mask> has an interactive family tree. PBS is a public television station.February 11, 2016 American Episcopalians 20th-century American male writers 20th-century American non-fiction writers. <mask> family Members of the United States House of Representatives from Arizona National Heroes of Georgia Neurological disease deaths in Arizona People from Coln, Panama Politicians from Phoenix, Arizona Recipients of the Air Medal Recipients of the Legion of Merit

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John F
John Kerry
McCain
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Cindy McCain
John Shade
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Citizen McCain
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John Karaagac
John McCain
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. McCain
John McCain
John McCain
McCain


title: Violet Vanbrugh

texts: <mask> was an English actress who had a career that spanned more than 50 years. Her career was overshadowed by that of her sister. Vanbrugh made her professional debut in 1886. She made her theatre debut in the West End and then went to play in four of Shakespeare's plays. She joined the Kendals at the Royal Court Theatre in 1889 and two years later joined Henry Irving and Ellen Terry in their famous Shakespeare company at the Lyceum Theatre. Her husband Arthur Bourchier was the lessee of the Garrick Theatre for the first six years of the 20th century, after which she became his leading lady. <mask> and her husband starred together in Herbert Beerbohm Tree's London production of Henry VIII after she returned to Shakespearean roles in 1906.Their marriage ended in 1918, but they continued to play in Shakespeare and other pieces. She had some success in film in the 1930s, especially in Pygmalion. In her 50th season on stage, she starred in The Merry Wives of Windsor with her sister in London. Her last film appearance was in 1940. She died in London at the age of 75. The oldest of six children of the Rev Reginald Henry Barnes and his wife, Mary Emily Nation, was born in England. She was the older sister of Kenneth Barnes.She was educated in France and Germany as a child. Ellen Terry, a family friend, suggested that <mask> adopt the stage name Vanbrugh when she decided to enter the acting profession. Her early success encouraged her to follow in her mother's footsteps and take the stage name Vanbrugh. Sarah Thorne's school of acting gave the sisters a thorough practical grounding. "We played every kind of play there; comedy, farce, and drama of the deepest dye; while at Christmas there came the pantomime, so that the Juliet of a week ago might be the Prince Paragon of the festive season," she said. The sisters played together in As You Like It at the Theatre Royal in Margate. The Vanbrugh sisters were remarkably alike in appearance according to John Gielgud, a grand nephew of Ellen Terry.They were tall and imposing, beautifully spoken, but never ostentatiously dressed, entering and leaving the stage with unerring authority. Ellen Terry helped <mask>h get her first professional acting role. Burnand, Faust and Loose were performed at the theatre. She made her West End theatre debut as Ellen in The Little Pilgrims. She played several roles until 1887, including Lady Anne in The butler. She appeared in Shakespeare's Hamlet, A Midsummer Night's Dream, As You Like It, and The Merchant of Venice. She played a role in London in the 19th century.In 1889, she joined the Kendals at the Royal Court Theatre as Lady Gillingham in The Weaker Sex, and at the end of the year travelled with them to the US, where she played Lady Ingram in the comedy A Scrap of Paper and in dramas such as The Iron Master, She played Anne Boleyn in Henry Irving and Ellen Terry's successful revival of King Henry VIII in England in 1891. She was understudying Terry in several roles. In 1893, she appeared with Arthur Bourchier in Augustin Daly's production of Love in Tandem at Daly's Theatre, and the two married the following year. Vanbrugh was Bourchier's leading lady in many productions, including The Chilli Widow, Mr and Mrs, Monsieur de Paris and The Queens Proctor. Bourchier, Vanbrugh and her sister were in America in 1897. Vanbrugh played the title role in Teresa, which Bourchier produced at the Metropole.Bourchier was the lessee of the Garrick Theatre. In Memoirs of an Aesthete, Harold Acton described his childhood impression of Vanbrugh as "Immensely tall, sedate, angular, sharp nosed, and dressed as another herbaceous border, she ate her supper haughtily." The hero would have to climb on a chair if he were taller than her. Vanbrugh and Bourchier had a child, Prudence Bourchier, who also became an actress. Vanbrugh starred in many of Bourchier's productions, including The Bishop's Move, My Lady Virtue, Whitewashing Julia, and The Arm of the Law. Alfred Sutro's production of The Walls of Jericho ran for 423 performances. In 1905, she reprised her role of Portia in Bourchier's production of The Merchant of Venice and in a command performance for King Edward at Windsor Castle.In 1906, she played Lady Macbeth in her husband's play. In 1908, Vanbrugh and Bourchier toured in John Glayde's Honour and appeared together as King Henry and Queen Katherine in Sir Herbert Tree's production of Henry VIII, which was followed by a silent film of the play. She appeared in Mrs. Pomeroy's Reputation at The Queen's Theatre in 1913. They produced their own movie in Germany. Their marriage was becoming difficult as they continued to play in Shakespeare and other pieces. They toured together in 1916, but then separated and divorced in 1918. "He treated her very much as Henry VIII treated Anne Boleyn, except he didn't cut off her head," said a contemporary.Vanbrugh never remarried after Bourchier remarried a younger actress. As Mrs Vexted, Vanbrugh played with much success in the 1920s. She appeared in three more films in the 1930s, including Pygmalion. She starred in The Merry Wives of Windsor at The Ring Blackfriars and the Open Air Theatre. Her last film appearance was in 1940. During the Battle of Britain, the Vanbrugh sisters gave lunchtime performances of extracts from The Merry Wives of Windsor with Donald Wolfit. Vanbrugh died in London at the age of 75.Photos of Vanbrugh, especially in Shakespeare roles, can be found at the NY Times review of Vanbrugh and Bourchier NPG gallery.

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Vanbrugh
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Violet Vanbrug


title: Franz Karl Delavilla

texts: He was an Austrian-German graphic artist, illustrator, designer and art professor. <mask> was a student at the K.K. after receiving a one-year apprenticeship in Vienna. The Technical College for Textile Industry Vienna was there from 1901 to 1903. He won the 1st prize in the drawing competition in 1903. He was a state scholarship holder at the University of Applied Arts Vienna from 1903 to 1908. Carl Otto Czeschka and Bertold Lffler taught him at the Austrian Museum of Art and Industry. From 1907 to 1904, he worked at the "Wiener Werksttte", a production association of visual artists.He had designs for jewellery, fashion, stage designs, posters, cards, and illustrations of books. The workshop held an annual art show where <mask>'s works were also shown. <mask> held a teaching post at the University of Fine Arts of Hamburg from 1909 to 1913. He was the head of the class for "free graphics and surface art" from 1913 to 1920. He was awarded the "Goldenen Preis" of the International Exhibition for Book Trade and Graphics in Leipzig in 1914 and the same year he participated in the Werkbund Exhibition in Cologne. <mask> worked as a part-time scenic designer in Darmstadt from 1917 to 1933. He was a member of the Dresden Secession in 1919.He became a teacher at the Stdelschule in 1922 and led the class. He became a professor in 1923. In 1936, he and his colleagues Hugo Bppler and Albert Windisch accepted a commission from the Ministry of the Reichswehr and designed with a class common rooms in Berlin. He and his group received an Olympic medal from Hitler for their design of the German landscape. He was criticized by conservative Nazi circles for taking part in the exhibition in Vienna in 1943. He retired early in 1944. Many of <mask>'s works were burned down during World War II.After the war, awards he received during the Nazi era prevented him from applying for the position. He retired for good in 1950 after being reinstated as a professor. He received the Federal Cross of Merit in 1955. He was awarded the Goethe-Plakette des Landes Hessen in 1959. <mask> passed away at the age of 81. His grave is in the Main Cemetery. Some of his works were exhibited in 2004.Arthur Roessler: The Pierrot und andere Essays, Vienna: <mask> was edited by Alois Th. The person is Schlagbrandtner. Delavilla, Vienna: Graeser & Kie., ca. Unser Hamburg was founded in 1910. Ed. The Journalists' and Writers' Association is based in the area. The book was decorated by F. K. <mask>.F. K<mask>. K<mask>. The Schreibschrift von Chr. Seemann was published in 1917. The Frankfurter Stdtischen Bhnen is a Jahrbuch. On behalf of the Generalintendanz, it was edited by Georg J. Plotke. There is a new edition of Vol.There was a Spielzeit in 1917. A 6 is 1 farb. There is a Taf. Bhnenbild-Entwrfen v. Delavilla. A. U. 7 Abb.Clara Berg: Schnurli-Butzli und andere deutsche Mrchen. ca. 1925, 123 p. The groen Bauernaufstand was held in the year 1525. Further reading Jung-Wien with pictures by F. K<mask>. Aus der Wiener-Kunstgewerbe-Schule. Wiener Knstler ist damit bei Architekturen und Flchen-Dekorationen.Innen-Rume, Mbel, Plastiken, ferner Plakate, Malereien, Keramiken, Studien und dekorative Holzschnitte are some of the ornamentale. A Koch's book is called Darmstadt: A. Koch 1905. "Monatshefte fr freie und angewandte" 40: "Dekorativen Kunst", Jg. The stage design and equipment of Delavilla was designed by F. Bruckmann 1919. In Hans Vollmer, there is a book called Das moderne Bhnenbild, Berlin: Wasmuth (1923). Allgemeines Lexikon der bildenden Knstler des XX.Jahrhunderts. There is a new edition of Vol. A–D. Seemann, p. 537, was published in1953. There is a jugendstilpostkarten. Ed. There is an epilogue by H. Dichand.There is a biographical appendix to the performing artists. Gtersloh: Buchgemeinschaft. In the Autumn 1984 issue of Hofmannsthal-Bltter, there are plans by Delavilla. The Wiener Werksttte, Vienna: Ed. was written by Werner J. Schweiger. Brandsttter was released in 1986. Die Wiener Werksttte is written by Werner J. Schweiger. 1903–32, 1982.Constanze Neuendorf-Mller: Maler, Graphiker, and Bhnenbildner. In 1998. The Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany has links to Austrian illustrators.

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title: Willi Baumeister

texts: <mask> was a German painter, scenic designer, art professor, and typographer. His work was part of the art competition at the Summer Olympics. <mask> completed an apprenticeship as a decorative painter in his native city from 1905 to 1907 and then served in the military from 1907 to 1908. Baumeister attended Robert Poetzelberger's drawing class and took additional lessons from Josef Kerschensteiner during his apprenticeship. He completed the trade test in 1907. Baumeister continued his studies after his military service. After being dismissed by his teacher, he switched to the composition class of Adolf Hlzel, where he met his lifelong friend.<mask> took his first trip to Paris in 1911, and a year later participated in the ErsterDeutscher Herbstsalon (First German Autumn Salon) in the Berlin gallery. He met the expressionist painter. Baumeister had his first solo exhibition in 1914. The commission for wall paintings was arranged by Adolf Hlzel in the same year. <mask> traveled to Amsterdam, London, and Paris before he was drafted into the army in the summer of 1914. <mask> met the painter and the architect in Vienna during the war. In 1916 he was a part of the exhibition Hlzel und sein Kreis (Hlzel and his Circle) at the Art Association in Freiburg im Breisgau.Prior to being discharged from military service, he threw an exhibition with his friend at the Galerie Schaller. They tried to get Paul Klee to the Academy, but it was turned down. Klee would have been willing to come. <mask> became a member of the November Group in 1919. Max Pechstein founded the group in 1918 after Germany capitulation and the fall of the monarchy. It was one of the most important alliances of German artists. The artist group echt (Alemannic: genuine, true) was founded in 1919 by <mask> and other artists, but he left in 1921.His first stage design was followed by seventeen others. Baumeister completed his art studies in 1920 and worked as an independent artist. His popularity and recognition abroad became evident in a joint exhibition with Fernand Léger in Berlin in 1922. Baumeister had professional relationships with artists such as Paul Klee, Le Corbusier, and Amédée Ozenfant. Several of his works were shown in Moscow and Paris in 1924 and 1925, respectively. In addition to his artistic work, he was also active in the area of commercial art and designed advertisements for numerous companies. The Stdel is a teaching post that Baumeister accepted in 1927.He taught a class in textile printing. His daughter was born that year. He turned down a position at the Bauhaus in Dessau the following year. <mask> has been a member of the Circle of New Commercial Designers since 1927. He received the Wrttemberg State Prize for painting Line Figure. He became a member of the artist association "Abstraction-Création" in Paris after "Cercle et Carré". <mask> was dismissed from his professorship at the Stdel after the National Socialist rise to power.Professor Windisch and Professor Biering continued with their lessons. <mask> was able to travel to Switzerland, Italy, and France after earning his living from commercial art. His daughter Felicitas was born in the same year. He was introduced to the owner of a varnish factory in Wuppertal by the Wuppertaler architect in 1936. He was ostracized by the National Socialist regime and began working for the company in 1937. Five of his works were shown in the National Socialist exhibition. <mask> had many opportunities to exhibit his works in Europe until 1941, when the National Arts Chamber banned his paintings and exhibitions.Despite the prohibition, he still worked at the Herberts varnish factory, as well as on his art. When Wuppertal was hit by a bomb in 1943, he and his family moved to Urach in the Swabian Alps. After the end of the Second World War, Baumeister finished his book, but it was only published in 1947. He resumed his exhibition activities in 1947 after teaching a class in decorative paintings at the Academy of Arts. The first exhibition of the artist group Gegenstandlose was called ZEN 49 in 1950. Baumeister met many people who worked in the field of fine arts after the end of the war to forge a new beginning and connection to international developments. The Erstes Darmstdter Gesprch (First Darmstadt Dialogue) was held in July of 1950 and was attended by Baumeister.<mask> was at the peak of his artistic career until his death in 1955, which was demonstrated by his participation in many national and international exhibitions. <mask> <mask> received a teaching contract for the following semester even though he retired from the Art Academy in 1955. He died on August 31, 1955, with his brush in his hand. Work <mask> showed his works in the first exhibition in 1910. His interest in Paul Cézanne's work remained important to him throughout his life. The influences of impressionism and Cubism that shaped <mask>'s early paintings played an essential role in his work until the end of the 1920s. His representational painting was reduced on the one hand as it gained form and lost depth.Baumeister explored form and color in parallel to the paintings of his friend. He was told by his teacher that he would be the one who would achieve the most. <mask> was familiar with the works of the Brcke artists and was familiar with the German path into modernism, expressionism, even though he had met one of them earlier on. <mask> continued to develop his work after he returned from the First World War. The forms grew increasingly geometric and took on a dynamic of their own, and Baumeister broke the traditional connection between form and color. The relief-like wall pictures and paintings with sports theme were among the work groups that emerged at this time. The relationship between reality and representation became visible in his painting as he grappled with shapes and material of the painting.Nonrepresentational painting gained a foothold in works that centered on geometric shapes and their relationships to one another in the picture. There is a planar relation of 1920. <mask>'s lively exchange with other German and foreign artists is important in the development of his work. Indeed, as it was for many of his fellow artists, posing such questions was part of the agenda of the modern age. The shapes in Baumeister's pictures became softer towards the end of the 1920s. His paintings moved away from being oriented by the shapes of the circle, triangle, and square towards organic forms. Although this development could be observed in the work of other artists of his time, it was tied to his fascination for the prehistoric and archaic paintings.Baumeister used artifacts from early paintings to create his own painting. The symbols, signs, and figures of cave painting are components of a valid archaic pictorial language that he used in his works. These included his increasing number of paintings in "oil on sand on canvas" that, in their materials, also approached the cave painting that Baumeister so admired. ca. 1933). He collected examples of prehistoric findings, small sculptures, and tools, and occupied himself with cliff drawings that had been discovered in Rhodesia. This experience was important for Baumeister since he was inspired by this rich store of prehistoric works, which DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatch DropCatchca. The year 1937. He used signs as symbols for the laws of nature, their evolution, and human existence in his works. When he lost his professorship at the Stdel in 1933, his artistic development was not interrupted. Despite political persecution and economic difficulties, he continued to paint. He banned from showing his work after 1941, but it is still diverse. He worked at the Wuppertal factory of the Dr. Kurt Herberts & Co.This gave him the chance to explore the basics of painting. He learned more about prehistoric cave painting techniques in this way. He looked into Goethe's theory of plant biology. The paintings that emerged out of this study are rich in their variety and color. These forms are not symbols or signs, but images of simple plantlike and animal life forms. The pictures have titles such as Rock Garden. Baumeister was an indefatigable researcher and collector, and he owned examples of African sculpture in which he saw universal images for life, development, and human existence.Their formal language entered <mask>'s work in the early 1940s, and with time, became increasingly colorful and complex. The titles and formal language show <mask>'s interest in other old (Latin American) cultures. One of the oldest surviving literary works is <mask>'s transposition of the Gilgamesh epic, an example of his search for the "foundations of art". Baumeister used his personal sign language in his illustrations. The unified cycle resulted in a very close depiction of the literary and linguistic effects of the epic. He created illustrations for the Bible, as well as for <mask>'s The Tempest. Baumeister developed a very personal and impressive visual language that is still unique in the German art after 1945.<mask> <mask> received high national and international recognition during the postwar period. His artistic development continued after that. On the one hand, he developed his painting further in a virtuosic manner and, what is more, combined the variety of his formation phases in many other pictures--in part into "overalls structures" that still possessed a fundamental that was reminiscent of landscape imageries. Baumeister's densely packed abstractions that were proceeding from a central form characterized him as an outstanding "nonrepresentationalist." These paintings became quite possibly the most famous of his works, and were immediately associated with Baumeister. Aru 2 was released in 1955. Baumeister didn't limit himself to this late "trademark."The year of his death saw the emergence of multiform and multicoloured pictures. <mask>'s work attracts a lot of attention in Germany, France, Italy, and Spain. In contrast to the important American artists of the second half of the twentieth century, <mask> receives only a small amount of attention in the Anglo-Saxon world. His work is of the highest quality. He had no influence on the artistic environment while working in domestic emigration during the Nazi dictatorship. <mask> was an important player in the development of German and European art after 1945. Only a few of the German painters who remained in the country despite the persecution by the National Socialists succeeded in achieving new contents and forms.He became a spokesman for the debate on modernity after World War II. He was highly regarded by some and strongly condemned by others as an advocate of abstract painting. The Willi Baumeister Archive and the Sammlung Domnick (Domnick Collection) contain an important collection of Baumeister's works. <mask> Baumeister. Baumeister, <mask>, was the author of Ediciones Gaceta de Arte. The Unbekannte is in the Kunst. The 2d ed. was published in 1947.The 3d ed. of Cologne was published in 1960. The 4th ed. of Cologne was published in 1974. Cologne in 1988. The Unknown in Art. It was translated by JoAnn M. Skrypzak. Grohmann, Will, Will, Will, Will, Will, Will, Will, Will, Will, Will, Will, Will, Will, Will, Will, Will, Will, Will, Will, Will, Will, Will, Will, Will, Will, Will, Will, <mask> Baumeister is a person.Cologne [Kln], 1963. In 1988 [ 1965, 1966??] Wolfgang Kermer wrote about Einige Aspekte der Willi Baumeisters. In: 175 years ago. Belser, p. 126-152 Haftmann. "Gilgamesch - Einfhrung." <mask> <mask>, Gilgamesch, 5-15.Cologne [Kln], 1976. Klaus Jrgen-Fischer, Peter Brning, Bruno Diemer, Peter Grau, Herbert Schneider, Friedrich Seitz are some of the Hommage  Baumeister. Exh. A cat. Staatliche Akademie der Bildenden Knste was founded in 1979 by Kermer. The Knste Stuttgart was the location of the <mask> Baumeisters. There is a documentary about Didaktischen Tafeln.Exhib. A cat. <mask> Baumeister: 1945–1955 was published in 1979. Dietmar J. <mask> <mask> is also known as Ponert. Dietmar J. Ponert collaborated with Felicitas Karg-<mask>. DuMont was in Cologne in 1988. <mask> <mask> - Typographie und Reklamegestaltung was written by Wolfgang Kermer.Exh. A cat. The edition Cantz was published in 1989 and 1919. Exh. A cat. Hugo Matthaes was born in 1989. <mask> <mask> was the author of 55 Werke der Zeit 1919 to 1964.Galerie Schlichtenmaier has a cat. No. A hundred. Galerie Schlichtenmaier, 1991 Bruns, Jrg Heiko Willi Baumeister. Verlag der Kunst was published in 1991. Wolfgang Kermer wrote about the <mask> Baumeisters pdagogische Ttigkeit. The edition Cantz was published in 1992.Wolfgang Kermer; 7) Boehm. <mask> <mask>. Hatje, 1995 Kermer, Wolfgang. Von Otto Meyer-Amden, Adolf Hlzel, Paul Klee, Karl Konrad Dssel und Oskar Schlemmer. <mask> <mask> ist ergnzenden Schriften und Briefen. The edition Cantz was published in 1996. Beye, Peter, and Felicitas <mask> are related to Wolfgang Kermer.<mask> <mask> is the leader of the Gemlde. Hatje Cantz was published in 2002. Wolfgang Kermer. <mask> <mask> und die Werkbund-Ausstellung "Die Wohnung" was held in 1927. The Staatlichen Akademie der Bildenden Knste Stuttgart was published in 2003 Wolfgang Kermer and 11 others. <mask> <mask> is the author of the Druckgraphik.Hatje Cantz was published in 2005. <mask> <mask> is Figuren und Zeichen. Exh. A cat. Hatje Cantz was written in Wuppertal. Wolfgang Schrle and Nicholas J. Conard are authors. Zwei Weltalter.Willi Baumeisters is the word. Hatje Cantz was published in 2005. Kermer, Wolfgang. Baumeister: der Knstler und Lehrer. Staatliche Akademie der Knste Stuttgart, 2006 is an ed. Wolfgang Kermer is the Im Rampenlicht: Baumeister. Exh.A cat. Chametzky, Peter, is the author ofMunich and Berlin. The objects are History in Twentieth-Century German Art. The University of California Press is in Berkeley. "In my eyes, the name <mask> takes an extremely important place among those of modern German artists." He was the most European of German painters. "<mask> <mask>'s art belongs to the healthy, natural, appealing appearances."You will have a future with certainty, says Wassily Kandinsky. See the List of German Sources Grohmann, Will. <mask> <mask> is a person. 1963. Cologne]: DuMont. <mask> <mask> is Figuren und Zeichen. Exh.A cat. Wuppertal and Mnster. Hatje Cantz was born in 2005. External links include the official website of the Baumeister Archive and Family, in English, German, Spanish, Italian, and French.

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title: Fulgencio Batista

texts: <mask> was a Cuban military officer and politician who served as the elected president of Cuba from 1940 to 1944 and as its U.S.-backed military dictator. As part of the 1933 Revolt of the Sergeants, <mask> rose to power. The five-member "pentarchy" that functioned as the collective head of state was effectively controlled by him after he appointed himself chief of the armed forces with the rank of colonel. He was elected President of Cuba in 1940 on a populist platform. The 1940 Constitution of Cuba was instated by him. After finishing his term, <mask> moved to Florida and ran for president. He led a military coup against the President in order to prevent him from winning the election.Most political liberties, including the right to strike, were revoked by <mask> after he returned to power and received financial, military and logistical support from the United States government. He aligned with the wealthiest landholders who owned the largest sugar plantations and presided over a stagnant economy that widened the gap between rich and poor Cubans. Most of the sugar industry was in U.S. hands, and foreigners owned 70% of the arable land. The American Mafia, who controlled the drug, gambling, and prostitution businesses in Havana, and with large U.S.-based multinational companies who were, began to profit from the exploitation of Cuba's commercial interests. <mask> used his Bureau for the Repression of Communist Activities secret police to carry out wide-scale violence, torture and public executions in order to quell the growing discontent amongst the populace. Socialist ideas became more influential as these murders mounted. Estimates ranged from hundreds to about 20,000 people killed.The 26th of July movement and other rebelling elements led to an urban- and rural-based guerrilla uprising against the government. The strongman and previous military ally of <mask> held power in the Dominican Republic after he fled the island. He first lived on the island of Madeira and then in Estoril before finding political asylum in Portugal. He was in Guadalmina at the time of his death from a heart attack, and he was involved in business activities in Spain. In 1901, in the town of Veguita, Cuba, a child was born to Belisario <mask> Palermo and Carmela Zaldvar Gonzlez, who had fought in the Cuban War of Independence. He was of Spanish, African, Chinese, and possibly Tano descent. His mother gave him a last name that was Zaldvar.His father didn't want him to be a Batista. He was legally Rubén Zaldvar until 1939, when he became a presidential candidate and it was discovered that his name wasn't in the birth certificates. One of the parents may have had Indigenous Caribbean blood. After attending a public school in Banes, he attended night classes at an American Quaker school. He left home at the age of 14. He earned a living working in the cane fields, docks, and railroads. He worked as a tailor, mechanic, charcoal vendor and fruit peddler.He joined the army in April after traveling to Havana. After leaving the army in 1923, he worked as a teacher of stenography before joining the Guardia Rural. He became a secretary to a colonel in the army. In September 1933, he held the rank of sergeant stenographer and acted as the secretary of a group of non-commissioned officers who led a "sergeants' conspiracy" for better conditions and improved prospects of promotion. The Sergeants' Revolt was a coup that took place in 1933. Carlos de Céspedes y Quesada was replaced after he lacked a political coalition that could sustain him. The Pentarchy of 1933 was a five member presidency.Each anti-Machado group had a representative from the Pentarchy. He was the leader of Cuba's armed forces. Within days, the representative for the students and professors of the University of Havana, Ramn Grau San Martn, was made president, and the Army Chief of Staff, with the rank of colonel, effectively put him in control of the presidency. Most of the commissioned officer corps were forced to retire or be killed. Grau was president for just over 100 days before he was forced to resign. Within five days the U.S. recognized Cuba's new government, which lasted eleven months. The strongman behind a succession of puppet presidents was elected president in 1940.After Mendieta, succeeding governments were led by two men, one of whom ruled from December 1936 to October 1940. The first president of Cuba was supported by the Democratic Socialist Coalition which included the Communist Party and served a four-year term. At the time, the Popular Socialist Party was endorsed by the original Communist Party of Cuba, which had little significance and no chance of an electoral victory. The Communists had close ties to the labor unions that were supported by <mask>'s labor laws. The anti-Batista opposition was attacked by the Communists who said they were fascists andreactionaries. Major social reforms were carried out by <mask> during his term in office. Cuba entered World War II on the side of the Allies on December 9, 1941, two days after the attack on Pearl Harbor.The government declared war on Germany and Italy on December 11. In December 1942, after a visit to Washington, he said Latin America would applaud if the UN called for war with Spain. Carlos Saladrigas Zayas was defeated by Grau in 1944. In the final months of his presidency, <mask> tried to handicap the incoming Grau administration. On July 17, 1944, dispatch to the U.S. Secretary of State. After that, <mask> left Cuba for the United States. He said he felt safer there.He married a woman named Marta Fernndez <mask> after divorcing his wife. Two of their children were born in the United States. For the next eight years, <mask> stayed out of the public eye, spending time in New York City and a home in Daytona Beach, Florida. He was elected to the Cuban Senate in absentia in 1948. He formed the United Action Party after getting permission from President Grau to run for president. The unions supported him until the end, despite the fact that he founded the Progressive Action Party after taking power. The military coup and second presidency took place in 1952 and 1959.Roberto Agramonte of the Orthodox Party was the leader in all the polls. There was a distant third in the United Action coalition. Three months before the elections, <mask> staged a coup and seized power. He took control of the government after ousting the outgoing President. The United States recognized his government. The corruption of the government, the brutality of the police, the government's indifference to the needs of the people for education, medical care, housing, and social justice were all said by Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr., when asked by the U.S. government to analyze Cuba's economy was relatively prosperous for Latin America after the seizure of power.Cuba was one of the five most developed countries in the region according to the government. Cuba's GDP per capita was equal to that of Italy in the 1950s, but still less than the United States. Cuban industrial workers' wages rose significantly despite corruption and inequality. In 1953, the average Cuban family only had an income of $6.00 a week, 15% to 20% of the labor force was chronically unemployed, and only a third of the homes had running water. According to the International Labour Organization, the average industrial salary in Cuba was the eighth highest in the world in 1958, and the average agricultural wage was higher than some European nations. Havana was a hedonistic playground for the world's elite, producing large gambling, prostitution and drug profits for the American mafia, corrupt law-enforcement officials, and their politically elected cronies. According to the Cuban-American historian Louis Perez, Havana was what Las Vegas has become.The city of Havana had 270 brothels by the end of the 1950s. In 1950, one American magazine declared that cocaine is less difficult to get in Cuba than a shot of rum. It was slightly more expensive. Arthur Miller described Cuba in The Nation as a Mafia playground and a brothel for Americans and other foreigners. Under his rule, Havana became known as "the Latin Las Vegas" because of his relationships with organized crime, notably with American mobsters Meyer Lansky and Lucky Luciano. The friendship and business relationship between Lansky and <mask> flourished for a decade. Lansky and the Mafia were given control of Havana's racetracks and casinos in exchange for kickbacks during a stay at the Waldorf-Astoria in New York in the late 1940s.Luciano was paroled from prison after World War II in order to return to Sicily. Luciano moved to Cuba to resume control of American Mafia operations. The American government succeeded in getting Luciano deported from Cuba despite the fact that he ran a number of casinos there. There was large-scale gambling in Havana. In 1955, he announced that Cuba would grant a gaming license to anyone who invested US $1 million in a hotel or $200,000 in a nightclub, and that the government would provide matching public funds for construction, a 10-year tax exemption, and waive duties on imported equipment and furnishings for new hotels. The government would get $250,000 for the license and a percentage of the profits. Background checks were not required for casino operations in the United States, which opened the door for casino investors with illegally obtained funds.Cuban contractors with the right connections made a lot of money by buying materials duty-free and selling them to other people. An "under the table" fee was sometimes required to obtain a license. Lansky was a prominent figure in Cuba's gambling operations. The Mafia's Havana Conference was the first full-scale meeting of American underworld leaders since the Chicago meeting in 1932. The Montmartre Club became the "place to be" in Havana after Lansky cleaned up the games. The Hotel Nacional is the most elegant hotel in Havana and he wanted to open a casino there. The renovated casino wing opened for business in 1955 with a show by Earth Kitat, after <mask> endorsed Lansky's idea over the objections of American expatriates.The casino was well received. As the new hotels, nightclubs, and casinos opened, he collected his share of the profits. The bagman for his wife collected 10% of the profits at Santo Trafficante's casinos, the Sans Souci cabaret, and the casinos in the hotels Sevilla-Biltmore, Commodoro, Deauville, and Capri. His take from the Lansky casinos was said to be 30%. Lansky was said to have personally contributed millions of dollars to the accounts. The Cuban people were antagonized by the U.S. government's use of its influence to advance the interests of private American companies. Cuban mines, public utilities, railways, sugar production, and bank deposits were all owned by U.S. financial interests by the late 1950s.According to historian Louis A. Pérez Jr., daily life had developed into a "relentless degradation" due to the American

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