title: Farah Pandith

texts: An American academic of Indian descent is named <mask>. She was appointed the first-ever Special Representative to Muslim Communities in June of 2009. She briefed Secretary Clinton about her work in the Bush Administration. She was a political appointee for two Republican presidents. She traveled to over 100 countries when she was the Special Representative. She left government after working under both Clinton and Kerry. She left public service after more than a decade because she wanted to serve again.She worked at both the National Security Council and the U.S. Department of State. She came back to her home state of Massachusetts when she left. The Future of Diplomacy Project is at the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs at the Harvard Kennedy School. She was a Spring fellow at the Institute of Politics. She started working with the Institute for Strategic Dialogue after leaving government. The Head of Strategy is her. She is a senior fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations.The author of How We Win: How Cutting-Edge Entrepreneurs, Political Visionaries, Enlightened Business Leaders, and Social Media Mavens Can Defeat the Extremist Threat is a book called How We Win: How Cutting-Edge Entrepreneurs, Political Visionaries, Enlightened Business Leaders, and Social In How We Win, she explains how government, the private sector, and civil society can help Muslim youth solve their identity crisis and build a safer, more stable world. She defines open power as the ability to solve critical human challenges through peer-to-peer exploration, collaboration and ownership. She received a lot of praise for her work. As the first-ever Special Representative to Muslim Communities, she was responsible for engaging with Muslims around the world both organizationally and individually. Ms. Pandith traveled to over one hundred countries and launched youth-focused initiatives. She received the Secretary's distinguished honor award in January.Prior to her appointment as Special Representative, she was a senior advisor to the assistant secretary of state for European and Eurasian Affairs. Ms. <mask> was the director for Middle East Regional Initiatives for the National Security Council. She returned to government after the attacks on September 11, 2001, to work for the U.S. Agency for International Development. She spent two months in Afghanistan in 2004 working on a public outreach strategy. She worked on the administrator's staff and as the special assistant to the director of policy. Ms. Pandith was a Commissioner on the Asian Advisory Commission. In addition to serving on several boards with a focus on international affairs, women's empowerment, education, and cultural diplomacy, she has also consulted for organizations in the public, private, and non-profit sectors.She is a member of the Board of Advisors at the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy. She was a member of the Homeland Security Advisory Council and chaired the task force on violent extremism. The 50 state plan to protect the homeland was presented in the task force report. She was a Commissioner and strategic advisor on the Center for Strategic and International Studies. The chairs of the commission were Tony Blair and Leon Panetta. Turning Point is the final report. She specialized in International Security Studies, Islamic Civilizations and Southwest Asia, and International Negotiation and Conflict Resolution after receiving her master's degree.She got an A.B. She studied Government and Psychology at Smith College. She received a Doctor of Humane Letters and a Doctor of Laws from Mount Saint Mary's University. In 1986 Farrah graduated from Milton Academy. The Smith College Medal and the National Campus Leadership Council's Presidential Legacy Award are some of the awards that <mask> Pandith has received. The European Academy of Sciences and Arts Ring of Tolerance is one of the many awards she has received. One of Washingtonian's 100 Most Powerful Women was named one of Boston Magazine's top Thinkers in 2011.There is a media named "Farah Pandith" in the print and television media. She advocated for a "Marshall Plan" type of program called the "National Civic Plan" in a piece she wrote for the Washington Post. She has appeared on CBS News, NPR, PBS, MSNBC, CNN, The Boston Globe, New York Times, Washington Post, among others. Born in Srinagar, India, and raised in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, <mask> Pandith is a personal life. Washington, D.C.; London; and Cambridge, Massachusetts are where she splits her time. There are External links to the website Indian people American diplomats Obama administration personnel Living people 1968 births Smith College alumni

masks:
Farah Pandith
Pandith
Farah
Farah


title: Neagu Djuvara

type: paraphrased

texts: <mask> was a historian, philosopher, journalist, novelist, and diplomat. He was descended from an aristocracy. His father, a graduate of the Technical University of Berlin and a captain in the Romanian Royal Army's Engineer Corps, died of the Spanish flu in 1918; his mother, Tinca, was the last descendant of the Grditeanu family of boyar origins. Djuvara's relatives were notable public figures. During World War I, <mask> was taken by his family into refuge in Iai after the occupation of southern Romania by the Central Powers, and then through Imperial Russia, into Belgium, where he was Minister Pleni He graduated from the University of Paris with a Law thesis about antisemitic legislation passed by the governments of King Carol II in Romania. <mask> later stated that he became a supporter of the Iron Guard and took part in the February 1934 riot against the French Radical-Socialist government.He married and fathered a daughter in Romania during World War II. He was stationed in Ploieti under the Iron Guard's National Legionary government. He was wounded in the arm during the Battle of Bassarabia after he fought on the Eastern Front as an officer cadet. He stated that he gave up his interest in the far right after a 1943 dialog with Victor Rdulescu-Pogoneanu, who convinced Djuvara to become a supporter of parliamentary democracy. On the day Ion Antonescu was deposed by a coup d'état, <mask> was sent to Sweden as a diplomatic courier by the Foreign Minister. He was told not to tell the Western that he was going to ask the Soviet representative if the peace with Romania was still valid. In retrospect, he argued against claims that Ion had indicated his willingness to step down and hand leadership of Romania to King Mihai I.According to Djuvara, the last Soviet offer for Antonescu made only minor concessions, with the exception of a random western county and 15 days for the government to reach an agreement. Djuvara said, "Neither I nor Nanu were mandated to sign any document, to launch into any peace process". Upon Ana Pauker's appointment as Foreign Minister in 1947, <mask> was dismissed from his position as Legation Secretary. Exile Having been accused of being a spy by the Tmdu Affair, he decided to remain abroad. He was involved in the advocacy of anti-communist political causes after moving to Paris. Briefly employed by the International Refugee Organization, <mask> became involved with the body of Romanian exiles, the Romanian National Committee, and helped organize American-assisted drops of voluntary paratroopers in support of the anti-communist resistance. He worked for the magazine Casa Romneasc after abandoning his position.He was an adviser for the country's Foreign Ministry and a professor of International Law and Economic History at the University of Niamey. The opening session of the Organisation of African Unity was attended by Djuvara and President Diori. He received a Sorbonne doctorat d'tat in the philosophy of history, with the thesis Civilisations et lois historiques, guided by Raymond Aron. He received a degree in Philology from INALCO. Casa Romneasc and other cultural institutions in exile were resumed by him after 1984. <mask> was an active contributor to Radio Free Europe and occasionally traveled to Canada and the United States. Djuvara returned to his native country after the revolution in 1989.He was an associate professor from 1991 to 1998. He was a critic of the Mineriad and the National Salvation Front government. He joined the National Liberal Party because of his belief that the former Securitate was still in a position of power, as well as his concern that President Traian Bsescu was unable to complete planned reforms in the wake of Romania's accession to the European Union. He was a critic of Europe's multiculturalism and took a conservative stance. In August of 2016 <mask> was made a knight of the Order of the Star of Romania. His last public appearance was on December 5, when he expressed his grief over the death of King Michael. He died of pneumonia at the age of 101 years and 147 days and was buried at Bellu Cemetery.His daughter, granddaughters, and great-granddaughters were his survivors. Humanitas published most of his works. Most of <mask>'s work is about the history of Romania and the people of that country, although he did publish some works questioning the existence of what he called "truthful history". Djuvara advocated continued and extensive research into what he believed was still unexplored territory. His views were seen as detrimental to the national identity of the country because of his doubts on the scientific accuracy of most historic research done in the country since the unification of 1918. He wrote extensively about the relationship between his native Romania and Europe, placing the country politically and culturally "between East and West" and referring to it as the "last to enter what is commonly called the European concert". He believes that multiculturalism in Europe is detrimental to stability within the EU.He was a critic of what he perceived to be an excessively pro-Western attitude in Romanian politics, suggesting that the country's culture and society could not be classified as Western due to the presence of many non-Latin elements. He analysed the influence which the United States and its foreign policy have had on the world and on Europe. He said that the United States had waged a "Seventy-Seven Years' War" in Europe and other parts of the world. <mask> is seen as a populariser and de-mystifier of history, having published books aimed at a younger audience as well as books seeking to explain the historical basis for mythical figures such as Negru Vod. He wrote about his life and work in Paris, France. <mask> claims that Ion Antonescu, the marshal who ruled Romania during World War II, was actually an Albanian. Ion Teodorescu agrees with this view.There are links to External links at the Humanitas site.

masks:
Neagu Bunea Djuvara
Djuvara
Djuvara
Djuvara
Djuvara
Djuvara
Djuvara
Djuvara
Djuvara
Djuvara
Djuvara


title: Montgomery Schuyler

texts: A highly influential critic, journalist and editorial writer in New York City who wrote about and influenced art, literature, music and architecture during the city's "Gilded Age", <mask> was born in New Rochelle, New York on July 16, 1914. He was active as a journalist for over forty years but is well known as a highly influential architecture critic and advocate of modern designs. On August 19, 1843, <mask> was born in Ithaca, New York. He was the son of Eleanor and the Rev. The Protestant Episcopal Church Grace Church in Orange, New Jersey is now known as the Church of the Epiphany. Eleanor and <mask> were his siblings. After his mother's death, his father married Mary Hall Allen, who had another daughter and two sons with <mask>'s half-siblings.His paternal grandfather was Alborn <mask>. There were two people, one of which was the name of the person, the other was the name of the person, the other was the name of the person, the other was the name of the person, the other was the name of the person, the other was the name of the One of the oldest families in New York was the <mask>s, descendants of <mask>, who settled in Beverwyck, New York, in 1650, with his son Arent and son Casparus. His paternal grandparents were Ben and Jane Johnson. He failed to graduate from college. He was a member of the society. In 1865, at the end of the American Civil War, <mask> came to New York and worked as an editorial writer on The World before joining the editorial staff of The New York Times.He was an editorial writer for The New York Times. He wrote articles about the architecture of Washington, D.C., about the 3,000 miles between New York and California, the work of William Wordsworth, and the work of Henry James during his time at The Times. The controversy surrounding the completion of the New York State Capitol buildings was supported by <mask> in the 1870s. The East River just south of the East River Park was proposed for a residential development by a man who lived at the end of East 84th Street. The work which is likely to be our most durable monument, and to convey some knowledge of us to the most remote posterity, is a work of bare utility. From 1885 to 1894, he was connected with the publishing department ofHarper & Bros., serving both in an editorial capacity and as a writer. In the last few years of his career, <mask> was a contributor to The Sun, and also wrote for many magazines and periodicals, particularly on the subject of architecture, in which he specialized.He believed that the modern skyscraper was a legitimate architectural expression of our times. His seminal work, American Architecture Studies, was published in 1892. "If you were to go down to the face of the main wall of the buildings of these streets, you would find that you had removed all the architecture," he stated in the book. He retired from the New York Times in 1907 and moved to New Rochelle, New York, "taking an active interest in local affairs, acting in an advisory capacity on questions of beautifying the city and the artistic and harmonious architectural development of the town." He was a member of the American Institute of Architects, the National Institute of Arts and Letters, and the Century Club. He married a woman named Katherine Beeckman Livingston in 1876. Both Presidents Bush and Eleanor Roosevelt are related to Robert Livingston, the first Lord of the manor of Livingston, who was married to <mask>'s seven times great-aunt in 1679.<mask> was secretary to the U.S. legation in Russia and the U.S. Consul General in Thailand. Robert Livingston <mask> was the President of the American Historical Association. On July 7, 1914, <mask>'s wife died. On July 16, 1914, <mask> died of pneumonia at his home at 250 Winyah Avenue, New Rochelle, New York. He was buried with his wife in New York. The Brooklyn Bridge is one of the works published in Westward the Course of Empire Studies in American Architecture. I.—St."Glimpses of western architecture" was written about Paul and Minneapolis. "Glimpses of western architecture" was published in Chicago. A review of his books on Amazon.com was done by James Early of the Society of Architectural Historians. <mask>'s quotes on American bridges were published in Harvard University Press.

masks:
Montgomery Schuyler
Schuyler
Ben Johnson Schuyler
Montgomery
Schuyler
Schuyler
Philip Schuyler
Schuyler
Schuyler
Schuyler
Schuyler
Montgomery
Schuyler
Schuyler
Schuyler
Schuyler


title: Puttanna Kanagal

texts: S.R<mask>, also known as Shubraveshti, was an Indian film maker. He is considered to be one of India's most influential filmmakers. <mask> was born to a poor family in a village in the Kingdom of Mysore. He had to endure hardship and struggle to get a decent job as a result of being from a poor brahmin family. He was a teacher, a salesman and a cleaner. His job as a publicity boy made him more familiar with theatre and cinema. He began working for B. R. Panthulu when he was an assistant director.He was an assistant director for his first film. <mask> and Nagalakshmi had 5 children. He fell in love with Aarathi and married her in 1977. Their daughter was born in 1978. In 1981 <mask> and Aarathi separated. In 1981 <mask>'s Ranganayaki didn't do as well at the box office as expected, but it went on to become a cult classic. His health was impacted by the separation from Aarathi.He had no work in hand for 14 months. <mask> bounced back after Srinath who directed blockbuster films like Shubhamangala and Dharmasere came to his aid. His films like Runamukthalu did well. <mask> passed away in Bengaluru on June 5, 1985. After working with film director and producer B. R. Panthulu as his assistant, <mask> was drawn into independent filmmaking. Tamil directors S. P. Muthuraman, Bharathiraja, and T. S. Nagabharana are <mask>'s assistants. Although a majority of <mask>'s films were on offbeat or taboo subjects, he endeared himself to both the critics and ordinary film goers alike making "bridge films" between art and commercial cinema.The film is based on a novel by M. K. Indira. He would go on to direct other films such as Kappu Bilupu and Edakallu Guddada Mele. He directed a number of films in different languages. School Master, a remake of B. R. Panthulu's Kannada classic of the same name, was his first directorial venture. He directed a movie based on a novel by Triveni. Bellimoda was <mask>'s first film as a director. The movie starring Kalpana and Kalyan Kumar was a success.<mask> is said to have searched for a week for the perfect location for the mellifluous song mooDala maneyaa. Belli Moda was the first Kannada movie to be shot outdoors. He directed many masterpieces. '. His last film was never released. He gave a platform to many actors such as Kalpana, Aarathi, Leelavathi, Jayanthi, Padma Vasanthi, Srinath, Rajinikanth, Vishnuvardhan, Ambareesh, Jai Jagadish, Chandra Shekhar, Gangadhar, Shivaram, Vajram Dr.Vishnuvardhan said that <mask> was his teacher.I've been made an actor. guru Puttanaji is indebted to me. He used to create scenes, narrate them to me and inspire me. <mask>'s expertise makes acting in a single movie an experience of a lifetime. Most of the actors in the film industry were introduced by <mask>. The Tamil director worked under him. Each of <mask>'s 24 movies had strong themes.Puttanna had a lot of respect for the film maker K. Balachander. In his interviews to the media, he stated that <mask> <mask>, a director from the Kannada film industry, was his guru in film making. Q) You have stated in many interviews that you consider <mask> <mask>, younger than you, your guru in filmmaking, though younger than you? What did you learn from him? Learning has nothing to do with age. Everybody can teach you something. At the time when many of our filmmakers lacked the vision of filmmaking in terms of visuals, <mask> <mask> was the one who insisted on films being visual than oral.His ability to make his actors emotional was one of the things that made him unique. Most of the remakes of his Tamil films in Tamil have gone on to cast many of the talents. More so in <mask>'s films, the issues on women were dealt with. The Kannada film industry in the 1960s and the 1970s moved from mythological and historical subjects to socially relevant themes. The rise of bandaaya sahitya was a reflection of this. The New Wave Cinema movement spread across India. <mask>'s movies were seen as a bridge between commercial cinema and alternate cinema.His plots were based on popular Kannada novels with strong characters and distinct themes, but he added mandatory songs and emotions to distinguish them from alternate cinemas. His mastery over symbolism is amazing. In almost all of his movies, he has used effectively. <mask> was a pioneer in picturising songs. His movies had 4–5 songs. Puttanna had a strong sense of colour and imagery. He went to great lengths to find the locations and costumes for the song.The songs reflected the mood of the film. The song Neene saakida gini was shot amidst the dust-filled mining areas, which reflected the agony of a man who has lost his true love. The song sandesha megha sandesha was shot in the Madikeri, with oranges strewn around. He used freeze shots and negative images to heighten the effect of key scenes. <mask> felt that the notions that his films were too woman-centered were incorrect. He was the first director of the association. After his last film, the theatre was renamed in his honor.The theatre was scheduled for demolition in July 2012 but was saved and renovated after a campaign supported by V. Manohar and the Democratic Youth Federation of India. The 30th anniversary of his death was honored with an event in June of 2015. Kanagal received three National Film Awards, three Filmfare Awards South and multiple Karnataka State Film Awards. Every year, film directors and other people are honoured with the Puttanna Kanagal Award at the Karnataka State Awards function. List of awards and honours Filmfare Awards South National Film Awards Karnataka State Film Awards Filmography References External links 1933 births 1985 deaths Hindi-language film directors 20th-century Indian film directors Writers from Mysore

masks:
. Puttanna Kanagal
Puttanna Kanagal
Puttanna
Puttanna
Puttanna
Puttanna
Kanagal
Kanagal
Kanagal
Kanagal
Puttanna
Puttanna
Puttanna
Puttanna
Puttanna
Kanagal
Puttanna
Kanagal
Puttanna
Kanagal
Puttanna
Kanagal
Puttanna
Puttanna
Puttanna
Puttanna


title: Jessica Brown Findlay

texts: She is an English actress. She starred in the British comedy-drama feature film Albatross and was also in the period drama series "Downton Abbey". She played Beverly Penn in the film adaptation of Winter's Tale. She played the Esmerelda-like acrobat in Paul McGuigan's Victor Frankenstein. She was part of the cast of England is Mine, a film about the early life and career of English singer and co-founding member of The Smiths,Morrissey. Charlotte Wells, played by <mask>, was a sex worker and the daughter of a madam in the three series run of Harlots. She is in the main cast of Brave New World.<mask> grew up in Cookham. Her mother is a teaching assistant and her father is a financial adviser. She told Vanity Fair that she and her mother grew up there. My grandparents are near the corner. It is a place that is very close to my heart. It's sort of quiet, but wonderful. She was invited to dance with the Kirov at the Royal Opera House at the age of 15 after training with the National Youth Ballet.She was a student at Furze Platt Senior School. She was accepted to a number of ballet schools, but chose to attend the Arts Educational School for the A-level courses it provided and its pastoral care. She was there for two years. She had three operations on her ankle, the last of which went wrong and prevented her from continuing as a dancer. After finishing her education at Arts Educational School, Tring Park, she moved on to a fine art course at Central Saint Martin's College of Art and Design. She said in a 2012 Vanity Fair interview that she was in love with ballet as a child. Ballet was my life.She discovered the stage at university. She said she missed acting the most from ballet. Albatross was a British coming-of-age comedy drama film that starred Julia Ormond, Felicity Jones and Sebastian Koch. A bookish young woman meeting up with a peer who lacks any boundaries is the premise of the film. She appeared in the first season finale of the British science fiction comedy-drama television show Misfits as a wholesome religious girl who convinces everyone to abandon their delinquent behavior in favor of celibacy. After her work in Albatross, <mask> was cast in the television series "Downton Abbey" as the youngest and most forward- thinking of the Grantham daughters. She said in a 2012 interview with Vanity Fair that she liked her modern attitude to life.She was the second major cast member to leave the series when her character died from eclampsia after giving birth in the third series. "<mask> <mask>, who played Sybil, had said she was going to leave right from the beginning," said Fellowes during a 2015 interview. She said she would be doing three years. That was all worked out. She played a character in the Black Mirror episode "Fifteen Million Merits". The episode imagined a future where people earn merits on exercise bikes and the only way to escape their slave-like existence is to try out for reality TV judges. <mask> was the face of the Dominic Jones jewellery line.Not Another Happy Ending was written and directed by John McKay, while Labyrinth was written and directed by Kate Mosse. She played Beverly Penn in the film adaptation of the novel Winter's Tale. The Outcast was a two-part television adaptation of the novel. In May 2015, <mask>tra in a new adaptation of The Oresteia, to positive reviews. The Trafalgar Theatre is in London's West End. Robert Icke wrote and directed Uncle Vanya at the same venue in February of the following year. In September of 2016 it was announced that <mask> would play Hamlet in a new production at the Almeida Theatre in London."Sherlock" and "Fleabag" actor Andrew Scott played Hamlet in the West End production. The cast of Steven, a film about the early life and career of English singer and co-founding member of The Smiths, was joined by <mask>. Jack Lowden was in the lead role in the film, renamed England is Mine. This Beautiful Fantastic is a 2016 British romantic drama film directed and written by Simon Aboud as a repressed foundling who forms a new life through her relationships with a cranky neighbour, a gifted cook, and an eccentric inventor. Charlotte Wells, a brothel owner's daughter and famed courtesan, was portrayed by <mask> in Harlots, a period drama television series that was inspired by "The Covent Garden Ladies" by Hallie Rubenhold. The 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 Margaret Wells runs a brothel in England in the 18th century and struggles to raise her daughters in a chaotic household.In Monster Family, <mask> voiced the character of Fay. She starred in The Guernsey Literary and Potato Peel Pie Society. In May of this year, it was announced that she would be starring in the NBCUniversal series Brave New World, based on the classic 1932 novel by Aldous Huxley. It was moved to the Peacock network. She starred as Pamela Legat in a film about events in England and Germany before World War II. In late 2016 <mask> began dating an actor. They got married in September 2020.People educated at Tring Park School for the Performing Arts and alumni of Central Saint Martins are included.

masks:
Brown Findlay
Brown Findlay
Brown Findlay
Jessica Brown
Findlay
Brown Findlay
Brown Findlayec
Brown Findlay
Brown Findlay
Brown Findlay
Brian Findlay
Brown Findlay


title: Qi Jiguang

texts: The Chinese military general and writer of the Ming dynasty, named <mask>ng, was born on November 12, 1528 and died on January 17, 1588. He is best known for leading the defense against wokou pirate activities in the 16th century, as well as for the reinforcement of the Great Wall of China. The Record of Military Training is one of the military manuals that <mask> wrote based on his experience in the military. He is a hero in Chinese culture. A family with a long military tradition has a child named <mask>ng who was born in the town of Luqiao. His forefather was a military leader who died in battle. The founding emperor of the Ming dynasty gave the post of commander-in-chief to the <mask> family.His father was an upright and devoted military general and a skilled martial arts expert. He was influenced by his family's interest in the military. As a child, he built ramparts from clay, piled up rubble to form barracks, and made flags from bamboo sticks and paper to play war games with his friends and himself as the commander. At the age of 17, <mask>ng became the commander of Dengzhou Garrison. He left domestic affairs to Lady Wang as his siblings were still young. He built up the naval defense at the garrison, as well as leading his troops in the defense of Jizhou against the Mongol raiders. The martial imperial examination was held in Beijing at the age of 22.The troops of Altan Khan laid siege to Beijing. Candidates in the martial arts exam were sent to defend the gates of the capital. During the battle, the emperor was noted to have seen the defeat of the invaders, as well as the defense proposals submitted by <mask>ng. The wokou pirates included Japanese, Portuguese, and Southeast Asians, but were mostly Chinese. The commander of the coastal defense had less than 10,000 troops at his disposal, though the strength was 30,000. Many of his soldiers who were young and strong men deserted to make a living elsewhere. The defense works were dilapidated due to years of neglect.The pirating situation was out of control in the fall of 1555. In 1558, together with two other generals, Yu Dayou and Tan Lun, <mask> led Ming forces to victory. His troops continued to deal blows to the pirates. After the victory at Cen Harbor, <mask> wasn't credited for his bravery, and he was almost demoted for consorting with wokou pirates. With the situation under control, <mask> shifted his focus to drilling his soldiers. He drafted mainly miners and farmers because he believed they were honest and hard working. He oversaw the construction of 44 naval vessels to be used against pirates at sea.The first trial of the new army took place in 1559. The 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 There was a surge in pirate activities in the province of Fujian due to the military success of Qi. More than 10,000 pirates established strongholds along the coast from the north to the south. In July 1562, 6,000 elite troops were led south into Fujian. His army eradicated three major pirate hideouts within two months. His army lost a lot of money to fighting and disease.After seeing the pirate invasion in Fujian subdued, he returned to Zhejiang to regroup. The pirates conquered Xinghua, the present day Putian, this time after invading Fujian. In April 1563, 10,000 troops were led into Fujian and reclaimed Xinghua. The pirate problem in Fujian was finally solved over the course of the next year. In September 1565, a major battle against wokou pirates was fought on the island of Nan'ao, which lies near the boundary between the provinces of Fujian and Guangdong. The remnant of the Japanese and Chinese pirate force was defeated by <mask> and Yu Dayou again. In late 1567, after eliminating the pirate threat, the imperial guards were called to Beijing to be trained.After the revolt against the Yuan dynasty in the 14th century, the Hongwu Emperor drove the Mongols north beyond the Great Wall and founded the Ming dynasty. The northern frontier was Pester for the next two hundred years because he did not eliminate Mongolian power. Altan Khan, ruler of the Tumed Mongols, nearly destroyed Beijing when he broke through the northern defenses. The title "Lord Shunyi" was given to Altan Khan by the Ming dynasty. Altan Khan did not allow his subordinates to raid Chinese settlements. Jasaghtu Khan and the other Mongols continued to test the defenses. He was given the command of the troops to defend against the Mongols.The section of the Great Wall between Juyong Pass and Shanhai Pass was repaired by <mask>. He directed the construction of watchtowers. More than 1,000 watchtowers were completed after two years of hard work, giving the defensive capability in the north a great boost. More than 100,000 troops participated in a month-long military exercise in the winter of 1572. The Records of Military Training was written based on his experience with the exercise. During the early part of the Wanli Emperor's reign, the Mongol army led by the Duoyan tribe continuously invaded the Ming territory. The younger brother of Dong Huli was captured by the troops.When 300 clansmen were brought to beg for mercy at the outpost, <mask>guang accepted their surrender. The captives that were released from his previous plunders were promised never to be released again. In 1583, he was relieved of his duty. He spent the rest of his life in poverty after his wife left him. He passed away on 17 January 1588. Two books on military strategy and a record of military training were written by the author of Legacy Books. He compiled a number of poems and proses into a collection, which was named after his study hall.There is a type of pancake called guangbing that is found in Malaysia and Indonesia. The Republic of China Navy Cheng Kung class frigate Chi Kuang is one of the ships named after him. The conflict with the pirates is depicted in a Taiwanese film. The 1980's Hong Kong film, The Warrant of Assassination, focuses on the late years of <mask>ng. In the 2008 Chinese television series The Shaolin Warriors, a fictional account of the fight against the wokou and other invaders was told. Christopher Lee is a Malaysian actor. The film God of War is a fictional portrayal of the General and his wife, with the leading role being played byVincent Zhao.Behind the Great Wall/ The Great Wall of China is a special that 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 888-666-1846 The Great Wall rebuilding is the focus of the documentary. External links include births and deaths of Chinese military writers.

masks:
Qi Jigua
Qi
Qi Jigua
Qi
Qi Jigua
Qi Jigua
Qi
Qi
Qi
Qi
Qi
Qi Ji
Qi Jigua


title: Gideon Amichay

texts: <mask> is an advertising executive, marketer and author. He is the founder and chief creative officer of No, No, No, No, No, Yes, a creative boutique in New York and Tel Aviv. The School of visual arts is in New York City. He was the Chief Creative Officer at Shalmor Avnon Amichay/Y&R from 1994 to 2011. <mask> was raised in Holon, Israel. He was a reporter in the weekly newspaper "Bamahane" while he was in the IDF. In 1990 <mask> graduated with honors from the "Betzalel Art Academy" in Jerusalem and the School ofVisual Arts in New York.<mask> graduated with honors from the Berlin School of Creative Leadership in 2008. At the age of 14, <mask> began drawing cartoons. "Yediot Aharonot", "Globes", "Ha'aretz", "The Marker", "Calcalist", and "Ma'ariv" all published cartoons and articles by <mask>. His cartoons were published abroad, including in "The New Yorker" (1995). <mask> began his journey in the world of advertising in 1990 as a creative director at the "Warshavsky Froehlich Dover/Grey" advertising agency. He joined the "Shalmor Avnon Amichay" agency as a partner in May 1994 and served as joint CEO and Chief Creative Officer. The agency joined the international network.The company's founders became active chairmen in July of 2011. In Israel, <mask> gave many lectures, including in Tel Aviv University. Israel's Channel 2 broadcasted some of <mask>'s lectures. In addition to being invited to be a keynote speaker abroad, <mask> was also invited to speak in Berlin School of Creative Leadership and in the Israel Marketing Association convention. <mask> was a committee member and led the museum's branding campaign. <mask> was a member of the creative board. The 10th anniversary of the September 11 attacks will be remembered by bringing together animators from all over the world.<mask> thought that each participant would create a short animation. It had been a long time. <mask> made one of the videos. <mask> published his first book in Hebrew in 2011. Insights From a Creative Journey was published in the US. The MoMA store in New York is one of the places where the book can be found. His second book, ",,,,,,, " - A Creative Journey in New York, was published in Hebrew.<mask> published his third book "   " in 2021. There were two different covers for the book. <mask> founded No, No, No, No, No, Yes, a creative boutique in New York after giving a talk as a part of Jerusalem. Lion Brand Yarns is one of its clients. The company collaborated with the Hebrew Wikipedia and Channel 2 news to create a content project for the 10th anniversary. The Cyber Horse was created by the agency for the ICRC. A piece of work called the Cyber Horse was created with thousands of computer and cell phone components.It shows how the use of malicious software is making cyberspace hostile. It was created to make people aware of the dangers of cyber- attacks. In his position of Chief Creative Officer at Shalmor Avnon Amichay, <mask> led the agency to win many awards. An internet campaign for Danone Strauss achieved a record number of votes, around 10,000,000, for a campaign voting for the pictures shown on yogurt cups. Archive magazine gave the main interview to Amichay in 2011. The Israel Aids Task Force "Get Tested Project" won the One Show Silver Pencil Award and is the only Israeli agency that won it. The Israel Aids Task Force received a special award from the UN.The agency was awarded the title of agency of the year in the Young and Rubicam worldwide agency. The agency won the Grand Prix in London International Awards for the radio campaign for the Israel Aids Task Force. The agency won the Grand Prix in the New York Festival for their radio campaign. The only Israeli agency that won this award is the agency that won the "Internet Shutdown Project" in 2008. The Israel Aids Task Force SDIA project won the Grand Prix in the Golden Drum competition. In 2008, the Israeli Marketing Association gave <mask> the title of "Marketing man of the month" in Israel for excellence in marketing Israeli advertising worldwide. The agency won 20 awards.PIAF awarded the first ever Grand Prix to the Get Tested Project. Cresta is a jury member. It's Eurobest. There is a festival in New York. Creative people. The Direct Lions Jury President speech was given by <mask> at the Creative Heads competition. The Modern Consumer, an article in the weekly Campaign Magazine, an interview for BestAdsOnTV.com, and an article from the Holon Bezalel Academy of Arts and Design alumni.

masks:
Amichay
Amichay
Amichay
Amichay
Amichay
Amichay
Amichay
Amichay
Amichay
Amichay
Amichay
Amichay
Amichay
Amichay
Amichay
Amichay
Amichay
Amichay
Amichay
Gideon Amichay


title: Reg Harris

texts: In the 1940s and 1950s, <mask> was a British track racing cyclist. He won the world amateur sprint title in 1947, two Olympic silver medals in 1948, and the professional title in 1949, 1950, 1951 and 1954. His ferocious will to win made him a household name in the 1950s, but he also surprised many with a comeback more than 20 years later, winning a British title in 1974 at the age of 54. <mask> was born at 7 Garden Street in Birtle. He took the name of his stepfather, an engineer and businessman named <mask>, after his mother, who was a cotton weaver. <mask> left school without qualifications and his first job was as an apprenticeship motor mechanic in the salesroom. At the age of 14, he bought his first bicycle and entered a roller-racing competition organised by the Hercules bicycle manufacturing company.<mask> joined the Bury section of the Cyclists' Touring Club after attracting the attention of other cyclists. In 1935, he won his first race, a half-mile handicap event held on a grass track, and also started competing in individual time trials. <mask> moved from his motor mechanics job to a slipper factory in 1936 in order to spend the summer training and competing at the paper mill. He won his first events in conventional competition at Fallowfield Stadium in Manchester in 1936 after racing on grass tracks. He left the paper mill in the winter of 1937 to focus on the summer cycle racing season while he sold the prizes he won as an amateur. He was able to beat the British sprint champion in the summer of 1938 because he continued to win races. After joining Manchester Wheelers' Club at the end of the 1939 season, he was selected for the world championship in Milan, Italy.The British team was recalled to the UK when World War II broke out after he traveled to Milan. <mask> joined the 10th Hussars in the North African campaign as a tank driver, but was wounded, transferred to the Royal Army Service Corps, and then invalided out of the services as medically fit in 1943. He used to joke that he was one of the few men to leave the army that was more fit than when he joined. He won the national cycling championship despite the opinion of the army medics. In 1945 he added a half-mile on grass. He was invited to race in Paris in 1945 and again impressed the crowd and was expected to do well in the world championships in 1946, only to have his chances ruined by an over-enthusiastic pre-race massage. <mask>'s amateur world championship achievements were celebrated in 1947 when he was awarded his own page in the Golden Book of Cycling.By the time <mask> won the world amateur sprint title in Paris in 1947, he was already employed and equipped by bicycle manufacturer and was testing the boundaries of amateurism. Three months before the London Games, <mask> broke two ribs in a road accident and the cycling world expected him to win three gold medals. He fractured an elbow after falling in a race at Fallowfield, with a few weeks remaining to the games, training, competing and winning. After finishing the rest of his preparation in a plaster cast, he had to be satisfied with two silvers, being beaten by Italy's Mario Ghella in the final of the sprint, and partnering Alan Bannister to second place in the tandem sprint. He won a bronze medal in the 1948 world championships sprint. He was named sportsman of the year in 1949 by a vote of 7,000 people. <mask> was sponsored by the Raleigh bicycle company to become a professional.If he won a world championship, £50 for every grand prix, and £25 for every British record, he would get a bonus of £100. <mask> was aware of his commercial attraction to race promoter and even as an amateur drove a Jaguar Mark IV. He made £12 000 a year in the 1950s. He dominated Raleigh's advertising for a decade, despite coming from a sport with no great following in Britain. He won the world professional sprint championship in 1949 and the following two years in Belgium and Milan. He won his fourth and final world professional title in Cologne in 1954. He won the Sports Journalists' Association's accolade of sportsman of the year in 1950.In 1957, he retired to devote himself to business interests, none of which suited his tastes or abilities. He managed Fallowfield Stadium, renamed the Harris Stadium, was involved in various ventures associated with Raleigh, and started a bicycle manufacturing business. He worked for two plastic foam producers before working for the 'Gannex' raincoat company. He owned and managed a petrol station on Wilmslow Road in Didsbury, which is now the site of the Shell petrol station on Grange Road. He returned to racing in 1971 and won a bronze medal in the British championship. He won the British championship in 1974 at the age of 54, after more training and a more confident mood. He had to settle for the silver medal after narrowly losing to Bull in the final.He continued to cycle. There is a memorial to his achievements in Manchester. Every year, the Reg Harris Sportive is organised by his family and friends. The first event raised money for charities. <mask> is mentioned in a popular culture episode. He was married three times. The first two marriages were to Florence Stage.Billy Stage ended up in divorce. He was married to Jennifer Anne Geary in 1970. He died of a stroke, survived by his third wife, and was buried in the village of St John's Church.

masks:
Harris
Harris
Joseph Harris
Reg Harris
Harris
Harris
Harris
Harris
Harris
Harris
Harris
Harris
Harris


title: Ludwig Hahn

texts: The German Nazi official and convicted war criminal <mask> was born on January 23, 1908. He worked for the Schutzstaffel and the police and security services. As a senior officer of the Sicherheitspolizei, he was involved in the destruction of the Warsaw Ghetto and the suppression of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising. The son of a prosperous farmer was born on January 23, 1908 in the rural town of Eitzen in the Uelzen district of the German Empire. He graduated from the Lneburg Realgymnasium in 1927 after attending Volksschule as a youth. He was a member of the National Socialist German Students' League and studied financial law at the University of Gttingen. He joined the Nazi Party in February 1930.He would rise to the rank ofcorporal in the Sturmabteilung. He obtained his doctorate of jurisprudence after successfully defending his thesis in the Faculty of Law at the University of Jena. It's jur. In July of 1932. He joined the Schutzstaffel in 1933. He was assigned to the 17th SS- Standarte in Lneburg and later transferred to the 26th. In May 1934, after attending the Nazi Party's State School for Leadership and Politics, he joined the Sicherheitsdienst and became a member of the Stabswache.After completing his legal clerkship in 1935, he became a member of the National Socialist Association of Legal Professionals. He married Charlotte Steinhoff, sister of Johannes Steinhoff, who later served as a senior General with the postwar West German Air Force and was also Chairman of the NATO Military Committee from 1971-1974. They would have four children. In June 1935, he began his career with the Nazi security services as a consultant in Berlin. He returned to Berlin in 1936 to work as a legal counselor at the Gestapo headquarters. After completing military-training with the Wehrmacht in Brandenburg an der Havel, he was assigned to Weimar as the Director of the city's Gestapo branch and the deputy chief of the security police. He held this position from April 1937 to August 1939.In September of 1938, he was promoted to the rank of major. He was transferred to Vienna, Austria in order to prepare for the invasion of Poland. He was given command of the sub-unit of Einsatzkommando 1/I after he was assigned to Einsatzgruppe I. The German 14th Army was attached to the territory of Silesia and Malopolska during the invasion of Poland in September 1939. As part of the Nazi persecution of the Polish intelligentsia, the World War II <mask> and his Einsatzkommando took part in the arrests and executions. The mass killing of Polish public officials, activists, intellectuals and army officers took place in the cities of Sanok and Podlesie between September and November 1939. They played a leading role in the expulsion of the Jewish population from the town of Dynow.The city of Krakw was occupied by the Commander of the Sicherheitspolizei and the Commander of the Sicherheitsdienst. The Sonderaktion Krakau involved the deportation of hundreds of professors and other academics from Jagiellonian University to various concentration camps in Germany. He was the chief of the " Police Emergency Court" at Montelupich Prison. The GermanAB-Aktion was implemented in Poland. The Reichsfhrer-SS appointed a Special Representative (Sonderbeauftragter) in August of 1940. He served as the personal emissary to the government of the Slovak Republic. During the Balkans Campaign, he commanded Einsatzgruppe Griechenland in Athens, Greece.After the German victory in the offensive, he was promoted to the rank oflieutenant colonel and returned to his diplomatic post in Slovakia. In August 1941, <mask> returned to Poland and was appointed Commander of the SiPo and SD for the city of Warsaw. He was involved in the implementation of the Holocaust in Poland. The Warsaw Ghetto was destroyed in the summer of 1942 under the leadership of Ferdinand von Sammern-Frankenegg. The operation resulted in the deaths of 265,000 Jews, either in mass-shootings or being deported to the camp at Treblinka. The bloody suppression of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising in April and May 1943 was led by <mask>, who was a deputy officer to Stroop. The death toll from 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217More than 56,000 Jews were deported from Warsaw to Treblinka in the aftermath of the rebellion. In 1944, he received the title of Oberst der Polizei and was promoted to the rank of Standartenfuhrer. The Polish Home Army led a battalion of 700 men in the southern districts of the city and later in the downtown area during the Warsaw Uprising. He commanded the defense of the government district. The mass-killing of Polish civilians was ordered by <mask> after the capitulation of the uprising. Between August and September of 1944, an estimated 5 to 10 thousand men, women and children were shot by the Gestapo, mostly in the ruins of the General Inspectorate of the armed forces. He received the Iron Cross, 1st Class, for his service in the Uprising.In 1944, he left Warsaw and returned to Germany. He was the commander of Einsatzgruppe L, which was attached to the German Sixth Panzer Army, and he was stationed in the town of Cochem. During the Vistula-Oder offensive, he served as a delegate for the SiPo and SD on the general staff of Carl Oberg. In February 1945, he was re-assigned to Dresden, where he briefly served as the police leader for the Elbe. In 1945, he was appointed Commander of the SiPo and SD for the city of Wiesbaden. After the city fell to the Allies, he took over as Commander of the SiPo and SD for Gau Westphalia-North. The security detail for Gauleiter Alfred Meyer was overseen by <mask>.The Allied advance in the final weeks of the war caused <mask> and his staff to flee. He escaped from custody after he was taken prisoner by the British Army. After the war, <mask> hid in Bad Eilsen in the British occupation zone and worked as a farmhand for several years. He worked as a salesman for the textile company in Wuppertal. He used his real name again in 1949. Charlotte lied to the British authorities about her husband being taken prisoner by the Russians and deported, causing the British Army to end its war crimes investigation of him. After that, he pursued a successful postwar career as an insurance broker in West Germany.His father-in-law arranged for him to take a position as the deputy director for organizational matters. He was a branch manager in 1955. He was hired as head of the life insurance division of the company in the year after his family moved to Germany. The family lived in a nice home. Journalists uncovered <mask>'s identity in 1960. The West German federal police arrested <mask> for his suspected involvement in the destruction of the Warsaw Ghetto after an inquiry by the Central Office of the State Justice Administrations for the Investigation of National Socialist Crimes. He was held by West German investigators for a year but no charges were brought.After his release, he took a position with the Investors Overseas Service. He retired in 1967. He was arrested again by West German police in 1965, and again in 1966 but never charged with a crime. He was charged with war crimes in May 1972 by the Higher Regional Court of Hamburg. The now 65-year-old <mask> was found guilty in connection with wartime atrocities committed at the Pawiak prison in Warsaw. He was sentenced to 12 years in prison in June 1973, but petitioned the court for an appeal. After a two-year review of the trial and evidence, the West German judiciary rejected <mask>'s appeal and he entered prison in March 1975.During the appeals process, he was on trial in a different West German court for his alleged role in the deportation of 230,000 Jews from the Warsaw Ghetto to Treblinka. The proceedings began in October 1974 and <mask> was found guilty again. He was sentenced to life imprisonment on July 4, 1975. He was granted early release due to cancer. He died in Ammersbek.

masks:
Ludwig Karl Hahn
Hahn
Hahn
Hahn
Hahn
Hahn
Hahn
Hahn
Hahn
Hahn
Hahn
Hahn
Hahn


title: Bryan Hughes

texts: <mask> was an English professional footballer who played from 1994 to 2015. He played in the Football League for Wrexham, Derby County, Burton Albion, and Accrington Stanley, as well as in the Conference for Grimsby Town and BV Vestmannaeyjar. He ended his career at a non-league club. <mask> began his career as a coach, first as a player- coach and then as a manager at a York-based academy. <mask> initially made his name at Wrexham, guiding them to the FA Cup quarter finals in 1996–97 with the goals he scored. His performances in the FA Cup caught the attention of Birmingham City. <mask> scored against a number of teams before the Welsh outfit bowed out.In 1997 he paid a million dollars to go to St Andrew's. He scored 42 goals for the Blues and was an essential part of Steve Bruce's side's playoff-winning season in 2002, and their first and second seasons in the premier league. He played in the 2001 Football League Cup Final as a substitute and scored a penalty, but his team lost in a shootout. He signed a three-year contract with Charlton in July 2004, after rejecting a new deal with Birmingham. On August 14, 2004, <mask> came on as a substitute for Matt Holland, who was injured after twelve minutes. He scored his first goals for the club in a victory over Yeovil Town in the fourth round of the FA Cup and he also scored in a 5–1 FA Cup win over Rochdale at The Valley in January 2005. <mask> scored his fourth and final goal of the season in the last game against Crystal Palace.In 2005–06, he became the man who caused the loss of the first match in the managerial career of Jose Mourinho. <mask> scored the winning penalty in the third round of the League Cup. He scored five goals in 40 appearances. Alan Pardew got his first win for the club after <mask> scored a last-minute winning goal. He played 27 times for Charlton in the 2006–07 season, but only scored once as they were demoted from the premier league. He made his Hull debut in a 3–2 defeat against Argyle on 11 August, and scored his first league goal in a 5–0 win against Saints. Hull were promoted to the premier league for the first time in their history after he made 39 appearances that season.He only played in eight games in the next season. <mask> joined Derby County on a month's loan and made three appearances before returning to Hull. Before the January 2010 transfer window, his contract with Hull was mutually terminated. <mask> signed a one-month deal with Burton Albion after trials with Championship clubs. He made his debut in a 1–1 home draw with Shrewsbury Town on January 1, 2011. He left the club when his contract expired. After a trial with Conference National team Grimsby Town, <mask> signed for the club on January 31, 2011.He made his debut the next day in a 2–2 away draw. He was one of a number of players released by the club at the end of the season. <mask> joined BV Vestmannaeyjar, who were playing in theEuropa League in 2011. <mask> joined League Two club Accrington Stanley on non-contract terms. He made his Stanley debut in a 2–1 win over Bristol Rovers. <mask> set up Pdraig Amond's opening goal as Stanley beat Wimbledon. He scored his first goal for the club in a 3–1 victory over Torquay United on 17 December, his first goal in English football since 2008.His contribution to the club's 10 points from a possible 12 in December earned him the League Two Player of the month award. He left the club at the end of the season after contract negotiations broke down. <mask> was a member of the Northern Counties East League premier division until the end of the season. He scored his first goal a week later in a 4–2 victory at Parkgate in his first game. Rudy Funk appointed him as one of his assistant managers. He was appointed joint manager with Paul Foot. In October 2015, <mask> took up the post of head of coaching at the i2i International Soccer Academy, a facility associated with York St John University.After a series of poor results, <mask> and Foot decided to leave. <mask> was appointed as manager of National League club Wrexham on a three-and-a-half-year deal. His team lost in the quarter-finals of the play-offs. He was sacked by the team after they went eight games without a win. <mask> was appointed as head of the UK footgolf academy scheme. There are external links to career statistics. The players are from the city.The players are from Charlton Athletic F.C. The players are from Hull City A.F.C. The players are from Derby County. The players of Burton Albion F.C. The players are from Grimsby Town F.C. The players are from Stanley F.C. Vestmannaeyja players are from Scarborough Athletic F.C.The players are from the English Football League and the managers are from the National League. Managers.

masks:
Bryan Hughes
Hughes
Hughes
Hughes
Hughes
Hughes
Hughes
Hughes
Hughes
Hughes
Hughes
Hughes
Hughes
Hughes
Hughes
Hughes
Hughes
Hughes
Hughes


title: Irmgard Bartenieff

texts: <mask>f was a pioneer of dance therapy. She pursued cross-cultural dance analysis and created a new vision for human movement and movement training. She developed her own set of movement methods and exercises, known as Bartenieff Fundamentals, after applying Laban's concepts of dynamism, three-dimensional movement and mobilization to the rehabilitation of people affected by polio in the 1940s. Laban's spatial concepts were incorporated into the mechanical activity of physical therapy. In physical therapy, it was important to think about movement in space rather than strength alone. The introduction of spatial concepts required an awareness of intent on the part of the patient as well, that activated the patient's will and thus connected the patient's independent participation to his or her own recovery. There is no such thing as pure physical therapy.They are interrelated. Bartenieff did not feel comfortable marketing her skills and knowledge because her presentation was quiet. The Board of Directors changed the name of the institute to the Laban/Bartenieff Institute of Movement Studies in honor of her. <mask> Bartenieff was a dancer, physical therapist, cross-cultural scholar and pioneer in the field of dance/movement therapy. A Renaissance woman who enjoyed weaving disciplines together, was always ready to investigate movement in a variety of fields, including child development, ethnic dances, and physical rehabilitation. Bartenieff studied dance technique with Dussia Bereska and Herman Robst in her two-year program with Laban. When political restrictions in Germany limited her work, she made plans to emigrate.The dancers of her and her second husband's dance company were forced to resign after the Nazis threatened to expel them from the union. When the company was not around, Bartenieff worked on historical and modern dance notations. After moving to New York on visitor's visas, the Bartenieffs left their sons in the care of her family. Before World War II began, the children left Germany on the last peacetime ship. The setting for teaching and training the Laban theory was created by Bartenieff. Laban's work was augmented with what is now known as Bartenieff Fundamentals. Her first appointment in the United States was as the Chief Physical Therapist for the New York City Polio Service.She combined her Laban-based understanding of movement with her physical therapy training. Bartenieff became aware of her individuality when she observed her first patients with the disease. The unity of movement behavior became clearer. Both aspects were dealt with in the rehabilitation setting. Hot packs and hydrotherapy in Hubbard tanks replaced bracing and casting in the treatment of the disease. The use of passive stretching extended muscles that were developing contractures. By stretching the stiff (polio) back, we were able to establish full flexibility of the spine in all directions.The trunk was moved slowly into sitting up. The back muscles were restored in this way. Bartenieff described her method in an article in 1955. Bartenieff worked on cases of control/restoration of movement patterns governed by the central nervous system rather than the treatment of peripheral problems in the affected muscles of polio patients. I focused on restoring verticality and the ability to support body-limb shaping from that verticality. The focus on muscular activity without spatial reference was more traditional. She became the chief therapist at the Children's Hospital in New York under the direction of Dr. A.D. Gurewitsch.There was a private treatment center for children with neurological and orthopedic disabilities. She coordinated every aspect of the child's long period of hospitalization that involved therapeutic, recreational and educational components. The emotional impact of the hospital itself was added to the physical handicaps of the children. The patients were removed from their normal growing experiences and my task was to find ways to keep alive the movement impulse and foster the emotional climate. I had to encourage their natural action potential by stimulating their innate curiosity, a desire to change, the discovery of alternate ways of functioning, taking initiative, resisting, asserting, and especially, enjoying play. In collaboration with Dr. Judith Kestenberg, this work led to studies on newborns and infants. Bartenieff also worked at the Institute for the Crippled and Disabled.She continued her work with a whole-body focus and learned how to replace conventional exercise with total movement patterns based on dance basics. While maintaining an active practice in physical therapy, Bartenieff resumed study with Laban and his colleagues in England in the 1950s. Laban's Effort theory and the Shape theory of Warren Lamb were added to her knowledge. She set up training programs for dance therapists and other movement professionals after applying these ideas to her own physical therapy practice. She worked for Dr. Israel Zwerling at the Day Hospital Unit of Albert Einstein College of Medicine. Zwerling was very receptive to further exploration of dance as a therapeutic tool for defusing aggression and anxiety. She had a vocabulary and a notation for recording her observations.This was a vital factor in the one-way screen for family and therapeutic groups. Dance therapy was an emerging field. It provided a method of movement analysis and a system of notation which placed dance therapists on their own professional ground, giving them a language for describing patients' movements. The first North American training program in Laban-based movement theory was established by Bartenieff. The program was called the Effort/Shape Certification. Laban and his colleagues in England had been using a means of observing and describing the qualitative and spatial aspects of movement since the 1940s. Bartenieff found her students lacking the whole body integration needed to fully experience the range of Effort qualities.She began to teach classes in "correctives" which eventually became known as Bartenieff Fundamentals. The Choreometrics project was a collaboration between Alan Lomax and Forrestine Paulay. Bartenieff's studies of movement were expressed in work and dance activities. The movie "Dance and Human History" shows the concepts of the team. The first to adapt Laban-based movement analysis to observation of cultural/geographic differences was this project. Bartenieff is aware of the differences among peoples of the world. She presented her findings from the study in a major conference paper.Bartenieff's peers in dance research were the first to see Fundamentals. The projects contributed to the development of Effort/Shape and Fundamentals. The LIMS moved to the Dance Notation Bureau where the last year-long certificate program ran in 1977. The Laban/Bartenieff Institute of Movement Studies was relocated. LIMS was created by the founding board of directors to be a place where Bartenieff could continue her research, writing and teaching. In 1980 her book Body movement: cope with the environment, written with Dori Lewis, was published as a study of human movement from a whole-person perspective and a rich account of Bartenieff's own experiences in movement work. During the last six months of her life, Bartenieff maintained a private physical therapy practice and lectured around the country.On August 27 1981 she died of Raynaud's disease. Bartenieff Fundamentals is not a system of exercises. An approach to basic body training that deals with principles of body function within a context that encourages personal expression and full psychophysical functioning is what it is. Body movement is not a symbol for expression according to <mask> Bartenieff. Sequences of Effort rhythms are created by anatomical and spatial relationships. Bartenieff Fundamentals uses the entire LMA framework to develop movement efficiency and expressiveness. Mobility process is more important than muscle strength to achieve maximally efficient movement.Folk Song Style and Culture are general references. Conrad Arensberg, Victor Grauer, Norman Berkowitz, <mask> <mask>, Forrestine Paulay, Joan Halifax, Barbara Ayres, and Roswell Rudd all contributed. The American Association for the advancement of science is located in Washington, D.C. 88, 1968. H. Kabat studies the function of the nervous system. Motor function in paralysis can be restored with the help of central facilitation. The year 1952.The September edition of the Archives of Physical Medicine. R. Laban performed a modern educational dance. The third edition. L. Ullmann's ed. Macdonald and Evans are in London. Valvano and Long reviewed the writings of the Bobaths. The year 1991.The patterns and techniques of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation were published in 1985. The third edition. New York hasHarper and Row. The Fundamentals of movement rehabilitation was written by D. L. Bartenieff. The institute is called the Union Institute. The thesis was placed with University Microfilms International. There were 1900 births and 1981 deaths.

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title: Harry S. Truman

texts: From 1945 to 1953, <mask><mask> was the 33rd president of the United States. From 1935 to 1945, he was a US Senator from the State of Missouri. He was FDR's running mate in the 1944 presidential election. <mask> served as vice-president for less than three months before Roosevelt died. <mask> established the Truman Doctrine to contain the expansion of communism and implemented the Marshall Plan to rebuild the economy of Western Europe. Many liberal domestic reforms were proposed, but few were enacted by the Conservative Coalition. During World War I, <mask> was a captain in the Field Artillery and fought in France.He was elected as a Jackson County official in 1922 after opening a haberdashery in Kansas City. The chairman of the Truman Committee, which was aimed at reducing waste and inefficiency in wartime contracts, was <mask>, who was elected to the United States Senate from Missouri in 1934. He was informed about the Manhattan Project after taking the presidency. In the war against the Empire of Japan, <mask> authorized the use of nuclear weapons. British Prime Minister Clement Attlee worked closely with <mask>'s administration on an internationalist foreign policy. He won a surprise victory against Thomas E. Dewey in the 1948 presidential election, securing his own term. <mask> oversaw the Berlin Airlift and Marshall Plan after the Cold War ended.He tried to get the United Nations to intervene in the Korean War. As the Korean War stalemated, <mask>'s popularity fell as he deployed forces without congressional authorization. The U.S. economy was guided through the postwar economic challenges by his administration. The first comprehensive civil rights legislation was proposed in 1948. <mask> ordered the integration of the armed forces and agencies of the federal government after Congress failed to pass these measures. The 1952 presidential election was dominated by corruption in the <mask> administration. He didn't run for reelection in 1952 because of weak polls.Eisenhower won easily because he attacked <mask>'s record. <mask> retired after the founding of his presidential library and the publication of his memoirs. It was thought that <mask>'s retirement years were financially difficult, but it turned out that he had a lot of money after leaving office. <mask>'s administration was heavily criticized when he left office, but a critical assessment of his presidency has improved his reputation among historians and the general population. <mask> was the oldest child of John Anderson <mask> and Martha Ellen <mask> and was born in Lamar, Missouri, on May 8, 1884. He was named after his maternal uncle. <mask> <mask> and <mask> were his grandfathers.Mary Jane was the second sister to be born after <mask>. English is the main language of <mask>'s ancestry. <mask> was a farmer. When <mask> was ten months old, the family moved to a farm in Harrisonville, Missouri. They moved to his grandparents' farm in the late 19th century. <mask> was able to attend the Presbyterian Church Sunday School because his parents moved to Missouri. He didn't attend a conventional school until he was eight.While living in Independence, he was a goy for Jewish neighbors who were not allowed to do things on Friday because of their religion. <mask> was very close to his mother and she encouraged him to read and listen to music. He asked her for political as well as personal advice when he was president. He studied the piano for more than two weeks a week until he 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 At the 1900 Democratic National Convention in Kansas City, <mask> worked as a page and his father was involved in the Democratic Party. <mask> attended a Kansas City business school after graduating from Independence High School. He left after a year of studying.<mask> used his business college experience to get a job as a timekeeper for construction crews on the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway, which required him to sleep in workmen's camps. <mask> and his brother worked at the National Bank of Commerce. <mask> lived on the farm until entering the army in 1917. He courted Bess Wallace. She turned him down after he proposed. <mask> wanted to have a better income than a farmer, so he proposed again. After World War I, he became active in several business ventures, including a lead and zinc mine near Commerce, Oklahoma, a company that bought land and leased the oil drilling rights to prospectors, and speculation in Kansas City real estate.<mask> occasionally got some income from these enterprises, but they were not very successful in the long term. William McKinley was the only president who did not earn a college degree. From 1923 to 1925, he took night courses in order to get an LL.B. After losing reelection as county judge, he dropped out of the Kansas City Law School. He was told by attorneys in the Kansas City area that his education and experience were enough to get a license to practice law, but he didn't pursue it because he won the election as presiding judge. <mask> applied for a law license while he was president. <mask> was told that his application had to be notarized by a friend who was an attorney.By the time <mask> received this information, he had changed his mind. <mask> was posthumously granted a law license by the Missouri Supreme Court. The United States Military Academy at West Point, New York, which had no tuition, but <mask> was refused an appointment because of poor eyesight, was 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 He enlisted in the Missouri National Guard in 1905 and served until 1911 in the Kansas City-based Battery B, 2nd Missouri Field Artillery. The standard for legal blindness is 20/50 in the right eye and 20/400 in the left. The second time he took the test, he was able to memorize the eye chart. He was 5 feet 10 inches tall, gray eyed, dark haired and had a light complexion.When the United States entered World War I in 1917, <mask> was elected as their first lieutenant, after successfully recruiting new soldiers for the expanding unit. <mask> was sent to Camp Doniphan for training before he was deployed to France. Robert M. Danford later served as the Army's Chief of Field Artillery. <mask> later said he learned more practical, useful information from Danford in six weeks than from six months of formal Army instruction, and he consciously patterned his approach on Danford's. The camp canteen was run by <mask> and Edward Jacobson, a clothing store clerk from Kansas City. Unlike most canteens funded by unit members, which usually lose money, the canteen operated by <mask> and Jacobson turned a profit, returning each soldier's initial $2 investment and $10,000 in dividends in six months. <mask>'s later life was influenced by a connection he had with the nephew of a Kansas City political boss.One million American soldiers were in France in the early 20th century. <mask> became commander of the newly arrived Battery D in July after being promoted to captain in April. <mask> was unpopular because of his efforts to restore order at Battery D. <mask> succeeded in making his men accountable for discipline despite attempts to intimidate him. If they performed capably, he would back them up and 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 <mask> succeeded at ordering his men to stay and fight, using profanity from his railroad days, after his soldiers fled during a sudden night attack by the Germans in the Vosges Mountains. The men obeyed immediately after hearing <mask> use such language.On September 26, 1918, <mask>'s unit joined in a massive prearranged assault barrage. They were able to follow the infantry and set up an observation post west of Cheppy. <mask> saw an enemy battery deployed across a river in a position which would allow them to fire upon the neighboring 28th Division. <mask>'s orders limited him to targets facing the 35th Division, but he ignored this and waited until the Germans walked their horses away from their guns to prevent them from moving out of range of <mask>'s battery. He ordered his men to open fire and destroy the enemy battery. The lives of 28th Division soldiers were saved because of his actions. Colonel Karl D. Klemm threatened to convene a court-martial, but he never did, and <mask> was not punished.<mask>'s battery fired some of the last shots of the war on November 11, 1918. <mask>'s command in France did not result in the loss of any men. His men presented him with a cup of love upon their return to the US after the war. <mask> exhibited his leadership qualities during the war. He had entered the service in 1917 as a family farmer who had worked in clerical jobs that did not require the ability to motivate and direct others, but during the war he gained leadership experience and a record of success that greatly enhanced and supported his post-war political career in Missouri. <mask> was raised in the Presbyterian and Baptist churches, but avoided revivals. He mostly spoke about ethical behavior along traditional Protestant lines.Most of the soldiers he commanded in the war were Catholics, and one of his close friends was a priest. The two remained friends after Tiernan's death. <mask> was able to get along with his Catholic soldiers, as he did with soldiers of other Christian denominations and the unit's Jewish members, because he developed leadership andInterpersonal skills that later made him a successful politician. On May 6, 1919, <mask> was discharged from the Army as a captain. He was appointed a major in the Reserve Corps in 1920. He was a lieutenant colonel in 1925 and a colonel in 1932. He commanded a battalion in the 1920s and 1930s.<mask> advanced to command of the same unit after being promoted to colonel. Although he had not been consulted in advance, <mask> was transferred to the General Assignments Group, a holding unit for less active officers. <mask> resumed his command after he protested his reassignment. He was an active reserve until the early 1940s. <mask> volunteered for active military service during World War II, but was not accepted because of his age and because Roosevelt wanted senators and congressmen who belonged to the military reserves to support the war effort. He retired as a colonel in the U.S. Army Reserve on January 20, 1953. <mask> was awarded a World War I Victory medal with two battle clasps.He received two medals from the military. <mask> married Bess Wallace in Independence on June 28, 1919. Mary Margaret <mask> was the only child of the couple. They opened a haberdashery together at 104 West 12th Street in Kansas City before the wedding. The store went bankrupt after brief initial success. <mask> paid off the last of the debts from that venture in 1935 with the help of William T. Kemper, who worked behind the scenes to enable <mask>'s brother to buy <mask>'s $5,600 promissory note during the asset sale of a bank. The note had risen and fallen in value as it was bought and sold, interest accumulated and <mask> made payments, so by the time the last bank to hold it failed, it was worth nearly $9,000.The man was able to buy it for $1,000. The US Government's decision to recognize Israel was influenced by Jacobson's advice to <mask> on Zionism. <mask> was elected County Court judge of Jackson County's eastern district in 1922 with the help of the Kansas City Democratic machine led by Tom Pendergast. Similar to county commissioners, this was an administrative court. <mask> lost his 1924 reelection campaign in a wave led by Calvin Coolidge, who was elected to a full term. Two years selling automobile club memberships convinced him that a public service career was safer for a family man approaching middle age, and he planned a run for presiding judge in 1926. <mask> was re-elected in 1930 after being re-elected in 1926.As presiding judge, <mask> helped coordinate the Ten Year Plan, which transformed Jackson County and the Kansas City skyline with new public works projects. He oversaw the dedication of 12 Madonna of the Trail monuments during his term as president of the National Old Trails Road Association. <mask> was named Missouri's director for the Federal Re-Employment program at the request of the Postmaster General. This was payback to the person who gave the Kansas City vote to Roosevelt. The appointment confirmed Pendergast's control over federal patronage jobs in Missouri and marked the zenith of his power. <mask> was assured of his support for the New Deal by the relationship he had with Roosevelt's aide. U.S.<mask> was a county judge and wanted to run for governor or congress. <mask> thought he might serve out his career in a well-paying county, but circumstances changed when Pendergast reluctantly backed him as the machine's choice in the 1934 Democratic primary for the U.S. Senate from Missouri. In the primary, <mask> defeated Congressmen John J. Cochran and Jacob L. Milligan with the support of Jackson County. The contacts he made statewide in his capacity as a county official, member of the Freemasons, military reserve, and member of the American Legion were critical. <mask> defeated his opponent in the general election by nearly 20 percentage points in a wave of pro-New Deal Democrats elected after the Great Depression. <mask> assumed office with a reputation for being the Senator from Pendergast. He voted according to his conscience and referred patronage decisions to Pendergast.He said that he saved a lot by offering a little to the machine. <mask> spoke out against corporate greed and the dangers of Wall Street speculators in his first term. He had trouble getting calls back from the White House because he was ignored by President

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title: Harry S. Truman

texts: Roosevelt. <mask> was challenged in the Democratic primary by former governor <mask> and United States Attorney Maurice Milligan. <mask> was weakened by Pendergast's imprisonment for income tax evasion the previous year, and the senator had claimed that Republican judges were responsible for the boss's downfall. The deal that put <mask> on the national ticket was brokered by Robert E. Hannegan, who was the party leader in St. Louis. <mask> won the Senate Democratic primary by a total of 8,000 votes after <mask> and Milligan split the anti-Pendergast vote.<mask> defeated Manvel H. Davis by a 51–49 percent margin. <mask> was against both Nazi Germany and Communist Russia as a senator. After Hitler invaded the Soviet Union in June 1941, <mask> traveled to various military bases. While the nation prepared for war, he used his chairmanship of the Committee on Military Affairs Subcommittee on War Mobilization to start investigations into abuses. The Roosevelt administration supported <mask>'s plan to set up a new special committee to conduct a formal investigation. The main goal of the committee was to expose and fight waste and corruption. Senate leaders were convinced by <mask>'s initiative that the need for the committee was justified by his demands for honest and efficient administration and his distrust of Wall Street.<mask> managed the committee with extraordinary skill and usually achieved consensus, generating heavy media publicity that gave him a national reputation. Many of the "dollar-a-year men" hired by the government proved to be ineffectual and the Truman Committee investigated a shoddily built New Jersey housing project for war workers. <mask> was put on the cover of Time magazine because of the committee's activities. "<mask> erased his earlier public image as an errand-runner for Kansas City politicos" and "no senator ever gained greater political benefits from chairing a special investigating committee than did Missouri's <mask>." according to the Senate's historical minutes. "<mask>." Roosevelt's advisors were aware that Roosevelt might not live out a fourth term and that his vice president would become the next president. After four years as Roosevelt's vice president, Henry Wallace was seen as too far to the left and too friendly to labor for some of Roosevelt's advisers.Wallace was replaced by someone more acceptable to Democratic Party leaders. The outgoing Democratic National Committee chairman wanted to keep Wallace off the ticket. Roosevelt told party leaders that he would accept either <mask> or Douglas. State and city party leaders preferred <mask>. <mask> welcomed the attention as evidence that he had become more than the "Senator from Pendergast", though he did not campaign for the vice-presidential spot. The "Second Missouri Compromise" was a term used to describe <mask>'s nomination. The Republican ticket of Governor Thomas E. Dewey of New York and running mate Governor John Bricker of Ohio was defeated by the <mask> ticket.On January 20, 1945, <mask> was sworn in as vice president. <mask>'s mother told him to behave himself after the inauguration. <mask> had a brief vice-presidency. <mask> cast his only tie-breaking vote as president of the Senate on April 10, 1945, against an amendment that would have prevented the delivery of items contracted for during the war. The president and vice president met alone only twice during their time in office, and Roosevelt rarely contacted him to inform him of major decisions. <mask> created controversy when he attended the disgraced Pendergast's funeral. He brushed aside the criticism, saying, "He was always my friend and I have always been his."Roosevelt was unaware of major initiatives relating to the war and the Manhattan Project, which was about to test the world's first atomic bomb. In an event that generated negative publicity for <mask>, he was photographed with actress Lauren Bacall sitting atop the piano at the National Press Club as he played for soldiers. When President Roosevelt died, <mask> was the vice president. <mask>, presiding over the Senate, had just adjourned the session for the day and was about to have a drink in House Speaker <mask>'s office when Eleanor Roosevelt told him that her husband had died. She asked <mask> if there was anything he could do for her. You are the one in trouble now! He took the oath of office in the West Wing of the White House.<mask> gave a lot of authority to his cabinet officials, only requiring them to give the final approval to all decisions. The cabinet members were mostly old. The White House was understaffed and couldn't keep up with the heavy work flow of the executive department. <mask> acted as his own chief of staff on a daily basis, as well as his own liaison with Congress, a body he already knew very well. He wasn't prepared to deal with the press and didn't have the familiarity of FDR. He distrusted the journalists because of his anger about his career setbacks. He thought they were enemies waiting for his next mistake.<mask> was a very hard worker, often to the point of exhaustion, which left him testy, easily annoyed, and on the verge of appearing unpresidential. He discussed major issues with top advisors. He was well-versed in the details of the federal budget. <mask> was a poor speaker. <mask>'s anger made him an effective stump speaker, as he denounced his enemies as his supporters yelled back at him, "Give Em Hell, <mask>!" The military aide was criticized for trading access to the White House for expensive gifts. <mask> loved to drink and play poker.<mask> told reporters to pray for him on his first full day in office. I don't know if you ever had a load of hay fall on you, but when they told me what happened yesterday, I felt like the moon, the stars, and all the planets had fallen on me. <mask> told the members of Roosevelt's cabinet that he was willing to listen to their advice. The central principle of his administration was that he would be the one making decisions and they would support him. It wasn't until April 25 that Secretary of War <mask> told <mask> that he had a new weapon. The nation celebrated V-E Day on May 8, 1945, <mask>'s 61st birthday, after a honeymoon period in Europe. <mask> traveled to Berlin with <mask>.The Trinity test was the first atomic bomb. He told <mask> that he was going to use a new weapon against the Japanese. <mask> was already aware of the bomb project, having learned about it through atomic espionage, despite the fact that this was the first time the Soviets had been officially given information about the atomic bomb. The Japanese government refused to surrender in August. With the invasion of Japan imminent, <mask> approved the schedule for dropping the bombs. Military estimates for the invasion of Japan were that it could take a year and result in 250,000 to 500,000 U.S. casualties. <mask> always said attacking Japan with atomic bombs saved many lives on both sides. 105,000 people were killed in Nagasaki and Hiroshima in three days.The Soviet Union invaded Manchuria after declaring war on Japan. Japan agreed to surrender the next day. <mask>'s decision to bomb the outlying islands saved hundreds of thousands of lives on both sides, according to supporters of the decision. Critics argue that the use of nuclear weapons was unnecessary because a bombing of an uninhabited area would have forced Japan's surrender and therefore constituted a crime of war. In his memoirs, <mask> said that many lives could have been lost if the United States had not used atomic bombs. He told a journalist in 1963, "it was done to save 125,000 youngsters on the U.S. side and 125,000 on the Japanese side from getting killed and that is what it did." It probably saved half a million children from being scarred for life.After the end of World War II, there was an uneasy transition from war to a peacetime economy. <mask> wanted to diminish military services as quickly as possible because of the enormous costs of the war effort. The effect of demobilization on the economy was unknown, proposals were met with skepticism and resistance, and there were fears that the nation would slide back into depression. <mask> faced a congressional body where Republicans and conservative southern Democrats formed a powerful voting bloc in Roosevelt's final years. Under <mask>'s administration, divisive issues emerged from stressors during the war. Strikes and labor-management conflicts added to public stress over inflation which peaked at six percent in a single month. <mask>'s response to the protest of U.S. citizens was seen as ineffectual.The cost of consumer goods increased rapidly due to the removal of depression-era limits on the prices of everyday items while producers of the remaining price-controlled commodities struggled due to artificially low prices of their goods. Farmers refused to sell grain for months in 1945 and 1946, even though it was desperately needed in the United States and Europe. Industrial laborers wanted wage increases. The largest steel strike in the nation's history took place in January 1946. It was followed by a coal strike in April and a rail strike in May; however, public opinion on labor action was mixed with one poll reporting a majority of the public in favor of a ban on strikes by public service workers and a year's moratorium on labor actions. <mask> seized the railroads in an attempt to contain the issue, but two key railway unions struck anyway. The entire national railroad system was shut down.For two days, public anger mounted and <mask> drafted an irate message to Congress that called on veterans to form a lynch mob and destroy the union leaders, but top aide Clark Clifford revised the original draft and <mask> delivered a toned-down version of the speech. A new law was called for, where railroad strikers would be drafted into the army. The House voted to draft the strikers a few hours after he concluded his speech, despite the fact that the strike had been settled on presidential terms. The bill was killed in the Senate. <mask>'s presidency was marked by labor action after the railway strike. By June, the president's approval rating had fallen from 52 percent to 22 percent. The <mask> administration's policies led to large Democratic losses in the 1946 midterm elections, and Republicans took control of Congress for the first time since 1930.The 80th Congress included Republican freshmen who would become prominent in U.S. politics in the years to come, including Wisconsin Senator Joe McCarthy and California Congressman Richard Nixon. The president said he didn't care what Senator "Halfbright" said when <mask> dropped to 32% in the polls. <mask> cooperated with the Republican leaders on foreign policy, but fought them on domestic issues. The power of the labor unions was greatly reduced by the act. In 1947, <mask> twice vetoed bills to lower income tax rates. Congress overrode his veto of a tax cut bill in 1948. The Presidential Succession Act of 1947 replaced the secretary of state with the Speaker of the House and the president pro tempore of the Senate as successors to the president after the vice president.As he prepared for the 1948 election, <mask> made it clear that he was a Democrat in the New Deal tradition and advocated for national health insurance. He broke with the New Deal by starting an aggressive civil rights program. The legislative agenda was called the "Fair Deal" because of his economic and social vision. After 1948, <mask>'s proposals were not well received by Congress. Civil rights were rejected by the Solid South. The Housing Act of 1949 was one of the major Fair Deal bills. Minor improvements and extensions have been given to many of the New Deal programs.<mask> supported Roosevelt's policy in favor of the creation of the United Nations and included Eleanor Roosevelt on the delegation to the first UN General Assembly. <mask> and his foreign policy advisors took a hard line against the Soviet Union when it expanded its sphere of influence through Eastern Europe. The U.S. public opinion quickly came to believe the Soviets were intent on world domination. <mask> listened closely to his top advisors, especially George Marshall and Dean Acheson. The Foreign Relations Committee was chaired by Senator Arthur H. Vandenburg, who worked with the Republicans. Both the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan were supported by bipartisan support. <mask> used an ideological argument to get Congress to spend the money needed to restart the European economy.As part of the U.S. Truman signed the National Security Act of 1947 and reorganized military forces by merging the Department of War and the Department of the Navy into the National Military Establishment. The National Security Council was created by the act. The National Security Agency was created by <mask> in 1952. <mask> didn't know what to do about China, where the Nationalists and Communists were fighting a civil war. The Nationalists were major wartime allies and had large-scale popular support in the United States. General George Marshall spent most of 1946 in China trying to negotiate a compromise.He believed a large-scale U.S. intervention to stop the Communists would weaken the U.S. opposition to the Soviets. By 1949, the Communists had won the civil war, the United States had a new enemy in Asia, and <mask> was under fire from conservatives for "losing" China. The three Western-held sectors of Berlin were blocked by the Soviet Union. The Allies did not negotiate a deal to guarantee supply deep within the Soviet-occupied zone. The commander of the U.S. occupation zone in Germany wanted to send an armored column across the Soviet zone to protect West Berlin. The risk of war was something <mask> believed to be unacceptable. Ernest Bevin's plan to supply the city by air was approved by him.The Berlin Airlift is a campaign to deliver food, coal and other supplies using military aircraft on a massive scale. Nothing like it had ever been done before, and no single nation had the ability to do it. Ground access was granted again on May 11, 1949. The airlift continued for several months after that. <mask>'s election campaign was aided by the Berlin Airlift. Recognition of Israel <mask> was sympathetic to Jews who wanted to reestablish their homeland in Mandatory Palestine. He was a senator when he called for a homeland for Jews who survived the Nazi regime.State Department officials were reluctant to offend the Arabs, who were opposed to the establishment of a Jewish state in the large region. Secretary of Defense James Forrestal warned <mask> of the importance of Saudi Arabian oil in another war, but <mask> replied he would decide his policy on the basis of justice, not oil. US diplomats with experience in the region were opposed, but <mask> told them he had few Arabs. The goal of protecting the "Northern Tier" of Greece, Turkey, and Iran from communism was secondary to Palestine. <mask> was hesitant about his policy and unsure about how the Jewish "underdogs" would handle power in the

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