title: William Dodd (ambassador)

texts: <mask> was an American historian, author and diplomat. During the Nazi era, he was the United States Ambassador to Germany. He went to Germany with instructions from President Franklin D. Roosevelt to protest the treatment of Jews in Germany. He resigned due to his inability to mobilize the Roosevelt administration to counter the Nazis prior to the start of World War II. "Willie" <mask> was the eldest of eight children born to farmer <mask> and his first wife, Evaline Creech, and he was born on October 21, 1869. His paternal English or Scottish ancestors had lived in America since the 1740s when <mask> settled among the Highland Scots in the Cape Fear Valley. Four younger brothers were in the family.John Ivan <mask> and Eff <mask> were both killed in the line of duty. Martha "Mattie" <mask> was the last of his sisters to marry. <mask> attended the Oak Ridge Military Academy to prepare for college. He was unable to get an appointment to the U.S. Military Academy or the University of North Carolina, so he taught at local schools until 1891. <mask> received a bachelor's degree in 1895 and a master's degree in 1897, by which time he had begun teaching undergraduates. <mask> went to Germany in 1900 to get his PhD, based on a thesis about Thomas Jefferson's return to politics after a three-year hiatus. After returning to the United States, <mask> married Martha Johns at her family's home in Wake County, North Carolina on December 25, 1901.They had two children, a daughter, Martha, and a son, <mask><mask> Jr. <mask> came to view as "hard men, those traders and aristocratic masters of their dependents" the semi-literate and impoverished father who supported his family only through the generosity of wealthier relatives. <mask> taught history at a college in Virginia. His instruction included attacks on Southern values and the "Lost Cause". <mask> wrote an article in The Nation in which he complained of pressure to flatter Southern elites and their view that slavery played no role in the beginning of the Civil War. The Grand Camp of Confederate Veterans was criticized by him. His dismissal was called for by Confederate societies.To suggest that the revolt from the union in 1860 was not justified, was not led by the most lofty minded statesmen, is to invite not only criticism but an enforced resignation. University administrators supported him and he attacked his accusers. After 25 years as Professor of American History at the University of Chicago, <mask> declined an offer from the University of California, Berkeley. For many years <mask> was the only college or university professor who was fully devoted to the history of the American South. He won excellent reviews as a teacher and produced many scholarly works. <mask> helped to model a new approach to regional history, sympathetic, judicious, and less partisan than the work of earlier generations. <mask> said in his letter to Roosevelt that he wanted to strike a balance between the North and the South, but not to offer any defense of any thing.The Cotton Kingdom: A Chronicle of the Old South was one of <mask>'s most prominent works. <mask> was active in Chicago politics. He wrote speeches for Wilson, a Virginian and academic whose family had experienced the devastating aftermath of the American Civil War. <mask> and Wilson became friends. <mask> bought a farm in Round Hill, Virginia, 50 miles from Washington, D.C., after Wilson won the presidential election in 1912. <mask> was against the idea that German imperialism was solely responsible for World War I. He spoke on behalf of Wilson and the U.S. in the League of Nations.<mask> reviewed parts of the speech Ohio Governor James M. Cox gave when accepting the Democratic nomination for the presidency. <mask> revised his 1920 biography and co-edited The Public Papers of Woodrow Wilson after Wilson's death. <mask> defended Wilson in the popular press. Josephus Daniels, Daniel C. Roper, and Edward M. House were all connected to him through these efforts. <mask> wanted to write a multi-volume history of the American South. His academic responsibilities made completing it unlikely as he reached his sixties. In addition to his responsibilities at the University of Chicago and later American University, <mask> held several positions as an officer of the American Historical Association and became that organization's president in 1934.The first volume of the Journal of Southern History was published by the Southern Historical Association in 1934. <mask> received degrees from the University of Alabama and the University of Cincinnati. <mask> declined an invitation to speak with the committee charged with selecting a president of the University of Virginia. <mask> was mentioned as a possible successor to the president of the College of William and Mary. Essays in Honor of <mask><mask> by his former students at the University of Chicago were edited in 1935. The Roosevelt administration had trouble filling the post of U.S. ambassador to Germany. Ambassador to Germany.The political situation in Germany presented diplomatic challenges, but most observers expected it to calm down. The ambassadorship, normally a patronage position rather than one filled by a State Department professional, was offered to James M. Cox andNewton D. Baker, both of whom declined citing personal reasons. With the administration under pressure to act before the adjournment of Congress, Secretary of Commerce Daniel C. Roper suggested his name after <mask> made it clear he was seeking a diplomatic post that would allow him enough time to complete his multi-million dollar lawsuit. <mask> was offered the position by Roosevelt on June 8, 1933, and sent his nomination to the Senate. Ambassador to Germany on June 10, 1933. On the same day, he was confirmed. <mask>'s old friend Carl Sandburg told him to find out what Hitler is made of, what makes his brain go round, what his blood and bones are made of, and still be brave and honest.On July 5, 1933, he left for Germany with his wife and two children. Before his departure for Berlin, State Department officials set as his priority the need to ensure that the German government did not default on its debts to American lenders. <mask> met with a group of bankers in New York City who recognized that economic conditions in Germany made full payment unlikely. They wanted him to argue against a German default and wanted to lower the interest on their loans to prevent it. National City Bank and Chase National Bank held over 100 million dollars in German bonds, which Germany later proposed to pay back at a rate of thirty-cents on the dollar. <mask> didn't like the high interest rates the bankers charged. He protested when debts to the United States were not treated the same as debts to other countries.He was sympathetic to Germany's request that interest rates be lowered. <mask> expressed frustration in his diary as Secretary of State Hull insisted that he renewed his requests for payment. Germany is in a terrible situation and she knows war is not a solution. <mask> consulted on the situation in Germany and especially Nazi persecution of the Jews before leaving to take up his post. He heard a wide range of opinions. Crane expressed admiration for Hitler. Crane said that the Jews should let Hitler have his way.<mask>, Undersecretary of State, the second-highest-ranking man in the department, harbored a dislike for Jews. <mask> met with members of the Jewish-American community, including Stephen S. Wise and Felix Warburg, who asked him to seek a reversal of the Nazis' repressive anti-Jewish policies. <mask> promised to exert personal influence against unjust treatment of German Jews, but not in his official capacity. <mask> was told by Edward M. House that the Jews should not be allowed to dominate economic or intellectual life in Berlin. <mask> wrote in his diary that the Jews had held a lot more of the key positions in Germany than their numbers or talents would have you believe. In March 1934, he advised Hitler that Jewish influence should be restrained in Germany as it was in the United States, based on his view of the proper role of Jews in society. <mask> wrote that he explained to Hitler that they had redistributed the offices in such a way that they wouldn't offend anyone.Hitler said that if the Jews continued their activity, he would make a complete end to them in this country. <mask> tried to save the life of the German-American Jew who planned to bomb parts of the Nazi party rally grounds. The German government's treatment of United States citizens created a series of crises during <mask>'s tenure as ambassador. The president of the Foreign Press Association in Berlin, a reporter for the Chicago Daily News, published a book-length attack on the Nazis, Germany Puts the Clock Back, and continued his critical coverage until the government demanded his resignation. The U.S. State Department refused to arrange for his return to the U.S. <mask> refused to support Mowrer because his reporting was so provocative that it made it difficult for other American journalists to work. <mask> gave a speech in Berlin about the New Deal's effect on the U.S. on October 5, 1933.It was not a revolution, as men are prone to say. It was a popular expansion of governmental powers, and most men hope the President succeeds. On October 12, 1933 <mask> gave a speech to the American Chamber of Commerce in Berlin, and used an analogy based on Roman history to criticize the Nazis as "half-educated statesmen" who adopted the "arbitrary modes". The Night of the Long Knives in June–July 1934 was when his views became more critical and pessimistic. <mask> was one of the few who reported that the Nazis were too strong for any opposition to emerge. In May 1935 he reported to his State Department superiors that Hitler intended to annex part of the Corridor, part of Czechoslovakia, and all of Austria. He predicted a German-Italian alliance a few months later.<mask> offered to resign, but Roosevelt allowed him only a recuperative visit to the U.S. In 1935, the President wrote to the U.S Ambassador to Italy that he and <mask> had been more accurate in their pessimism than any of his friends in Europe. He wrote to Moore that he did not want <mask> to resign. I need him in Berlin. <mask> reported to Secretary of State Hull that Hitler's domestic economic policies, rearmament, and Rhineland initiatives had consolidated his support to the point that he could count on the support of the German people for a declaration of war. <mask> devoted the fall of 1936 to testing German reaction to a personal meeting between Roosevelt and Hitler, an initiative the President proposed, or a world peace conference. <mask> produced a report for the State Department dated November 28, 1936, which Assistant Secretary Moore forwarded to Roosevelt.He criticized Europeans for not believing that Hitler meant to carry out his plans. He said Hitler was able to forge ties with Italy and Spain because he outmaneuvered France and Great Britain. He wrote that there was no vital force or combination of forces that would impede Germany in pursuit of her ambitions. There was a conflict between the State Department and <mask>. He was not a political figure or a member of the social elite that formed the higher ranks of the Foreign Service. In Berlin, some of his subordinates were embarrassed by his insistence on living modestly, walking alone in the street, and leaving formal reception early. <mask>'s insistence on living on his yearly salary was a point of pride and he criticized the lifestyle of other embassy officials.<mask> didn't attend the annual Nazi Party rally in Nuremberg because he didn't want to endorse Hitler's regime. <mask>'s policy was adopted by other ambassadors, including those of France and Great Britain, after the State Department left the decision to him. <mask> was preferred by the State Department to avoid offending the German government as the Nazi Party became indistinguishable from the government. <mask> decided to avoid attending in 1937 because he wanted to visit the United States at the time of the rally. <mask>'s advice against sending a representative of the U.S. embassy to attend the Nazi Party congress in Nuremberg was overruled by his State Department superiors. For the first time, Hitler appreciated the attendance of the U.S., Great Britain, and France. Hugh Wilson, a senior professional diplomat, replaced <mask> as ambassador to Berlin in 1937.After leaving his State Department post, <mask> took a position at American University in Washington, D.C., as well as campaigning to warn against the dangers posed by Germany, Italy, and Japan, and detailed racial and religious persecution in Germany. He predicted that Germany would attack Austria, Czechoslovakia, and Poland. <mask> traveled on a speaking tour of Canada and the US in order to establish his reputation as a leader who opposed the Nazis. <mask> wrote an assessment of Nazi ideology and the Third Reich's plan for Europe. The Old South: Struggles for Democracy, covering the 17th century, was a volume of his planned four-volume history of the South. <mask>'s wife died in May of 1938. <mask> accidentally ran over a 4-year-old African-American child in Virginia and fled the scene.The child survived severe injuries. <mask> was convicted and fined for leaving the scene of an accident. The child's medical bills were paid by <mask>. His voting rights were restored by Virginia's governor. <mask> died of pneumonia at his country home in Virginia on February 9, 1940. His children reburied their parents at Rock Creek Cemetery in Washington, D.C. after Stoneleigh became a golf club. <mask>'s diary was published in 1941 by his children, as well as the 1916–1920 years.<mask>'s papers are held in several places, including the Library of Congress, the Southern Historical Collection of the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, the libraries of Randolph-Macon College, Duke University, and the University of Chicago. During World War II, the Liberty ship was built in Panama City, Florida. During the Nuremberg trials, <mask>'s diaries were used as evidence against Hjalmar Schacht, a liberal economist, and a Nazi government official. <mask>'s views in the 1930s were seen as tainting by his less than fluent German. <mask> invited him to emigrate to the United States, he testified. <mask> was described as one of the few accredited diplomats in Berlin who had no sympathy for the regime in power. Assessments of <mask>'s service in Berlin are colored by what another ambassador did.<mask> was described as "sincere though impulsive and inexperienced" by Hull. <mask> felt himself a failure both during his ambassadorship and after, having set himself the impossible standard of "changing the Third Reich by example and persuasion." Weinberg believes that no other ambassador to Nazi Germany was more effective than him. <mask> proved to be ineffectual because he was completely appalled by what was happening in Germany, according to the assessment of George S. Messersmith, the embassy's consul general who worked closely with <mask>. <mask> was accused of failing to provide "concrete intelligence concerning immediate Nazi objectives and power" as his peers were providing their superiors in London and Paris. <mask>'s nostalgic view of the Germany of his student years and centuries past allowed him to view German anti-Semitism as a Nazi phenomenon driven personally by Hitler without recognizing its deeper roots in German society. <mask> was called a tragic misfit by a harsh critic of FDR's foreign policy.<mask> and his family's time in Nazi Germany are the subject of a book called In the Garden of Beasts, which portrays <mask> as naive and unprepared, believing that all national leaders are ultimately rational actors. References Notes Further reading Bailey, Fred A. <mask><mask> was the South's Yeoman Historian. The North Carolina Historical Review was published in 1989. Bailey, Fred A. "A Virginia Scholar in Chancellor Hitler's Court: The Tragic Ambassadorship of <mask> <mask>" was published in The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography. 100, no.3 (July 1992), was written by Fred A. Bailey. Bailey, Fred A. <mask> <mask>: The South's Yeoman Scholar is a standard scholarly biography. "Three Observers in Berlin: Rumbold, <mask>, and Francois-Poncet" was written by Gordon A. Craig and Felix Gilbert. In the Garden of Beasts: Love, Terror, and an American Family in Hitler's Berlin is a book by Frederick W. Marks, III. David was the author of 955–955 in JSTOR. "Neither War Nor Peace: FDR's Ambassadors in Embassy Berlin and Policy Toward Germany, 1933–1941." pp: 50–68.Arnold A. Offner. <mask><mask> is a Romantic Historian. The Historian was published in the 24th edition. American Appeasement: United States Foreign Policy and Germany was written by Arnold A. Offner. The South Lives in History: Southern Historians and their Legacy was written by Charles Callan. <mask>, W. E. Diaries of <mask> was published in 1941. <mask>.There are External links to the <mask><mask> Papers at the University of Chicago Special Collections Research Center.

masks:
William Edward Dodd
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John Daniel Dodd
Daniel Dodd
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WilliamPhillips
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. Dodd
William Edward
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William Edward
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Martha Dodd
William E
. Dodd


title: Richard Short (actor)

type: paraphrased

texts: <mask> is an English actor based in Los Angeles. He is in a TV show called Mary Kills People. He appeared in two films in the same year. He has appeared in a number of television shows, including American Horror Story, White Collar, and Blue Bloods. <mask> has appeared in more than 30 films and television shows. He was in the company of Jerusalem on Broadway. <mask> was nominated for an Academy of Canadian Cinema & Television award for his performance on Mary Kills People.He made his professional stage debut in the original UK cast of Grease in 1996. Delirious was directed by Tom DiCillo. <mask> made his American TV debut on Law & Order: Criminal Intent. He appeared in Public Enemies in 2009, directed by Michael Mann. The film Choose and the series Bored to Death starred <mask> and Pollak. <mask> was born in South Shields, England, to Margaret and Pipefitter <mask>. He has three siblings, one half sister and one half brother.He was educated at the Cheviot Junior School, Broadmere Middle School, Holy Trinity School, Bishop David Brown School, and King Edward's School. When he was 20 years old, he left college to pursue acting full-time, despite studying film and theatre. Ways and Means, Hair, The Boyfriend and many other productions were performed by <mask> when he was a teenager. In 1996 <mask> began performing as Johnny Casino in Grease. He was in the UK tour of the original cast for two years and appeared at a number of venues. He joined the production in the West End at the Cambridge Theatre, Covent Garden, London, until the show closed in 1999. <mask> appeared in Hamlet, A Midsummer Night's Dream, Richard III and Twelfth Night with guests such as Sam West and <mask>ss.<mask> played Nobby in The Real Monty, Macduff in A Midsummer Night's Dream, and Demetrius in A Midsummer Night's Dream. Soon after, <mask> moved to the United States. He played the part of Sloane in Scott Ellis' play at the Roundabout Theatre. <mask> appeared in the off-Broadway production of J.M. Mary Rose is an Australian World War I veteran. The Bay Street Theatre production of The Night Season was directed by Lonny Price and starred Michael O'Keefe and David Patrick Kelly. In 2007, he was cast in his first American television show, Law & Order: Criminal Intent.<mask> was directed by Tom DiCillo and starred Steve Buscemi and Alison Lohman. The film was shown at the festival. <mask> was back at the festival in The Guitar. "A Soldier's Heart" and "Law & Order: Special Victims Unit" both aired in New Amsterdam. He wore an American accent in both The King of Shadows and Choose. <mask> had to adopt an American accent to play an FBI agent in the 1930s crime drama Public Enemies. <mask> worked with Christian Bale.Cafe was shot in Philadelphia in the spring of 2009. <mask> plays a writer. Cafe was released in the USA and Europe. The exhibitionists was a film directed by Michael Melamedoff. The Butterflies of Bill Baker and A New York Love Story were both shot in New York City. <mask> is represented by Innovative Artists. Writing <mask> became the football writer for Menshealth.com during the 2010 World Cup.Advertising <mask> has worked on several commercials in the UK and Ireland, as well as recorded voiceovers and jingles. Personal life <mask> is married to Teresa Palladino-<mask>. They live in Los Angeles. <mask> ran in the New York Marathon, the Great North Run, and the Great South Run to raise money for charity. South Shields F.C. Mary Kills People's <mask>: 25 Things You Don't Know About Me was written by <mask>. 1975 births of English male film actors, English male musical theatre actors, English male stage actors, and English male television actors.

masks:
Richard Ian Porterfield Short
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Richard Short
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Richard Dreyfu
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Richard Short


title: George E. Cryer

texts: <mask> was an American lawyer and politician. Cryer was the 32nd Mayor of Los Angeles from 1921 to 1929, during a time of rapid growth in the city's population. The Los Angeles City Hall and Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum were built during his administration. He was a lawyer before he became the mayor. Between 1929 and 1931, Cryer was involved in a libel court case with the Reverend Robert P. Shuler, who accused Cryer of being a "grafter" who had entered office a poor man and left office a millionaire. Cryer moved to southern California with his family in 1885. He graduated from Los Angeles High School.Cryer served as a private in Company G, Seventh California Infantry during the Spanish–American War. He was demoted to sergeant. Cryer attended the University of Michigan Law School where he was the assistant editor of the Michigan Law Review. He practiced law in Los Angeles in 1903 after graduating with honors. Cryer married Isabel Grace Gay in 1906. Mrs. <mask> was a graduate of the University of Michigan and lived in Los Angeles with her husband. <mask> <mask> was born to <mask> and his wife.Catherine Christine <mask> was born in 1915. <mask>'s first public office was as first assistant United States Attorney. He was the chief assistant Los Angeles City Attorney and the chief deputy Los Angeles County District Attorney. He gained fame for his work on public corruption. He was the prosecutor in the case against the Los Angeles County supervisor. The Mayor of Los Angeles Cryer was elected in 1921 in a close election against the incumbent. The "dens of vice" were promised to be closed by Cryer's campaign.The Los Angeles Police Commissioner sent a telegram to the newspapers before the election asking, "Shall crime and protected vice continue, or will the voters and taxpayers choose <mask>. Cryer mayor?" Cryer said he would never be a politician. I believe that the business of the City of Los Angeles can be conducted quietly, effectively and efficiently. The Los Angeles Times said that Cryer is a quiet, effective man who does things. In 1923 and 1925, <mask> was re-elected twice, the first for a four-year term. His eight-year administration was marked by rapid population growth and suburban sprawl as businesses and residents moved west from the city's historic core. The Los Angeles City Hall, the Central Library, and the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum were all built during his administration.Cryer led a parade of floats from the countries of the world as part of a ceremony marking the dedication of City Hall, after he delivered the opening address and welcome for the Coliseum on Armistice Day in 1923. The legislation that provided for the construction of the Hoover Dam and All-American Canal was passed by Cryer, who was instrumental in the expansion of the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power. During Cryer's mayoralty, the disappearance of Christine Collins' son, Walter, occurred. The disappearance brought attention to the lack of eagerness, incompetence and corruption of the Los Angeles Police Department in regards to this case; for example, committing Christine to the local psychiatric ward when she publicly said a boy they claimed to have brought from Illinois was not her son. After the St. Francis Dam disaster in 1928, Cryer won national prominence and commendation for promptly accepting the city's responsibility for the disaster and agreeing to pay damages without the necessity of legal proceedings. The Summer Olympic Games were brought to Los Angeles by Cryer. In May 1924, he declared a half-day holiday and urged city residents to fill the new Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum to capacity for Olympic try-outs.Cryer wanted to show the city's desire to host the Olympics. Cryer led a parade of athletes into the Coliseum for an event that included a boxing exhibition. Cryer was against communism and the Industrial Workers of the World. In this day of "isms" and I.W.W., Cryer took office in 1921. The forces of law and order should be awake and on guard because every enemy of our flag and country is carrying on a propaganda of destruction. Cryer's administration became the target of corruption claims after he was elected to office as a reformer who would eliminate public corruption. Los Angeles is now the cleanest large city in the country, far superior to any city anywhere comparable in size, according to Cryer when he left office.According to some historical accounts, Cryer was controlled by the city's political boss, Kent Kane Parrot, and a coterie of bootleggers and criminals. The City Hall Gang was a crime syndicate operating within the city government. Some have written that <mask> was just a figurehead and that Parrot was the defacto mayor who ran the Harbor Commission and the Los Angeles Police Department without consulting with the city's police chief. In 1925, <mask>'s opponent focused on Parrot's role in city government. How long will Kent Parrot be the de-facto Mayor of Los Angeles? The Los Angeles Times was critical of the relationship between Parrot and Cryer. In 1927, the Times referred to the city government as "Our Local Tammany", a reference to Boss Tweed's control of New York politics in the 19th Century.The article focused on the "clumsy" corruption of the political machine run by "Boss Parrot" and ignored Cryer. He will do better if he is given a few more years in control. He needs to think up plausible reasons for the actions of the organization and not let the purely political motive stick out like a sore thumb. If he is correct, he thinks the voters of Los Angeles are not smart. It doesn't pay to be so raw. A campaign to recall Cryer in 1927 was led by the City Planning Commissioner, and rumors spread that Cryer was "tired" and "weary" of the job, and that an "unknown committee of twenty-five" had formed to tell "the Parrot-Cryer." Relations between the two principals of "the so-called Parrot-Cryer political machine" were severed by 1929.Those close to <mask> accused Parrot of betraying the mayor after he leaked a report that <mask> wouldn't seek re-election. In February 1929, <mask> announced that he wouldn't be running for a third term as mayor. The Rev. Shuler had a libel trial in the late 1920s. Robert P. "Fighting Bob" Shuler called <mask>'s administration "one of the must corrupt the city ever saw" and linked him to vice king Charlie Crawford. Shuler's charges, made both on his radio station, and in his magazine, led to a libel lawsuit by Cryer against Shuler. The Shuler libel suit was front-page news at the Los Angeles Times for much of 1929. At the trial in November 1929, Shuler's lawyer cross-examined Cryer about allegations that he "pitched dice at in Farmer Page's place" and about his wealth during his eight years as mayor.Cryer testified that he had a personal fortune of $160,000 when he took office in 1921 and left office in 1929 with a personal wealth of $450,000, which he credited to "realty deals absolutely uninfluenced by his political position." "No, sir; never at any time, directly or indirectly," Cryer replied when asked if he had ever taken a bribe. I didn't profit from my office. I considered it a financial problem. It was the best job I've ever had. It took me almost all of my time, Sundays and every other day. I had to take the phone out of my house so I could sleep.I used to get calls at 3 o'clock in the morning from people who were insane, when I used to come home from a banquet. Shuler was found not guilty on one count but not guilty on the other. When Shuler continued his attacks on Cryer, Shuler brought an administrative action before the FRC seeking revocation of the broadcast license for his radio station. Shuler's broadcasts included attacks on Catholics, African Americans, the YWCA, and the University of Southern California for allowing evolution to be taught. In November 1931, Cryer was able to win an order from the FRC revocation of the broadcast license. After leaving office in 1929, <mask> went into the private practice of law. He was defeated in the primary election for mayor in 1933.<mask> was the president of Mutual Oil Company. Cryer had surgery for a broken hip after tripping over a garden hose at his house. As part of the city's memorial service, Cryer's body was carried into the rotunda of City Hall by an honor guard of policemen, and a wreath was placed on his casket by the mayor. Cryer was laid to rest at a mausoleum. Reed Birney played the part of Mayor <mask> in the movie Changeling. People from Douglas County, Nebraska Mayors of Los Angeles American Presbyterians and University of Michigan Law School alumni are buried at Forest Lawn Memorial Park.

masks:
George Edward Cryer
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Edward Gay
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George Cryer


title: Muhammad Anwar Khan

texts: Major General <mask> was the first Muslim Engineer in Chief of the Pakistan Army. He was the first Muslim to serve in the British Indian Army. His Pakistan Army number was 48. Mair Minhas Rajput was the family of Maj. General M. <mask>. The Mair Minhas tribe served in the British India and Pakistan military. The family of Maj. General <mask> had 9 brothers and 4 sisters, of which 6 were selected as officers in the British Army. Three brothers were promoted to the rank of Major General.Three brothers chose civilian careers. The 4th class of the Indian Military Academy (IMA) Dehra Dun was selected in February 1934 and passed out in June 1936. He was promoted to Maj Gen in 1957 after eight years as Engineer-in-Chief. He was Chairman OGDC until 1969 after retiring from the Army. In 2005, Maj Gen <mask> <mask> died in Rawalpindi, where he spent the rest of his retirement years. Major General Muhammed <mask> was the first Muslim to become a Major General in the British Indian Army. <mask> served in the army with his father.He was the first Muslim officer to join the British Indian Cavalry and served in the 5th King Edward's Own (KEO) Probyn's Horse. He retired from the Pakistan Army in 1949. In August 1929, Major General <mask> <mask> was commissioned and joined the 7th Light Cavalry. When it was Indianized, he was transferred to 3rd cavalry. He was a member of the 45th Cavalry during the Second World War. He was the first British Indian officer to be appointed Instructor at the Command and Staff College, and was tipped as the first Pakistani Commander-in-Chief after General Douglas David Gracey's retirement, but died in an air crash with his wife, son and some other senior officers in 1949 A multi-handicap polo player is Iftikhar.The first non-British Indian Commander of British Indian Cavalry was commissioned in 1934. He was the Director Remount of the RV&FC. The Director RV&FC was retired by brigadier <mask> <mask>. The 16th Light Cavalry commissioned a brigadier in 1935. He joined the Royal Indian Army Service Corps. The Viceroy's Commissioned Officer with the 12th Cavalry unit of the British Indian Army was General <mask>'s father. He was given the title of <mask> Bahadur.Major General <mask> has a family background. The town of Chakwal, which was founded many centuries ago by his ancestors, bears the name of his forefather. The family's lands and properties in the Chakwal area were taken over by the British in 1860. Raja Aurangzeb <mask> sought employment with the British for the settlement and development of the newly-irrigated agricultural lands and the establishment of the town of Lyallpur. After 35 years in the British Indian Army, General <mask>'s father became the Indian commander. Raja Fazaldad <mask> became the leading horse and cattle breeder and agricultural land developer after he retired. The eldest son of Raja Aurangzeb <mask> helped redeem the position of the family at Chakwal and became a prominent politician of the Muslim League and a close friend of the Quaid-e-A.He was an agriculturist par-excellence and well known for his foresight, philanthropy and socio-development work. Three of General <mask>'s brothers chose civilian careers. <mask> Baqir <mask> was a law student at Cambridge University UK when he died in a motorcycle accident. Many of Raja Masud Raza <mask>'s books are still being used as text-books at leading universities in the UK, US and France. They were settled in London. His maternal first cousins are Air Chief Marshall Agha Zulfiqar <mask>. The Director General of the National Institute of Electronics was General <mask>'s son.His sister's granddaughter is named Maleeha. At the age of 12 years old, young <mask> <mask> was selected as a cadet in the Prince of Wales Royal Indian Military College. He and his brothers were in the Kitchener Section. He became the "Cadet Captain" and was awarded "colours" in cricket and hockey, and won the "best athlete" cup. A few years ago, it was reported that some of his athletic records are still intact. The Royal Life Saving Society London awarded him a silver medal for swimming efficiency. He was awarded the "Sir Pratap Singh Memorial Prize" for being the first in all thecadet colleges in India.At the opening ceremony of the Indian Military Academy, he took photographs with his own camera. These became the official photographs of IMA because the ones taken by the professional photographer came out bad. He obtained a degree in Civil Engineering from the Thomason College of Civil Engineering, Roorkee, India, and was awarded the "Olympic Cup" for representing the college at all games. He was described by the principal as a rare combination of brain and brawn. In February 1934 he was selected for the 4th class at the Indian Military Academy. The 1st Class P.T. was passed by him. He was awarded the silver spurs in horse-riding and represented the IMA in cricket and athletics.He was runner-up for the Sword of Honour award when he passed out on 3 June 1936, but he was awarded the Norman Gold medal for standing first in the final examination. The British Cadets at Sandhurst did 18 months course, as compared to 30 months at IMA Dehra Dun. He was the first Muslim to be selected for Engineers, and was posted to 31 Field Troop in the King George's Own, Bengal Sappers and Miners Roorkee in July 1936, where he did a "Basic (Combat) Engineering Course". He volunteered for the South Waziristan operations where he served at Wana from Jun-Sep 37 in the 4th Field Company. The local pathans were very pleased to see a Muslim working as an Engineer officer. He served in various Engineer units of the 7th Division, with postings in Rawalpindi, Batrasi, Shinkiari and Nowshera. He was in 7 field companies from Sep 40 to Mar 41.The Adjutant 7th Division Engineers worked from March to February. The commander of the Royal Engineers at the Batrasi Camp was H. Barker. The roads and water supply were built by him in less than two months. The 7th Division camped at Nowshera after crossing on a country boat bridge at the site of Tarbela Dam. As Rommel had been defeated in North Africa, the 7th Division moved to Chindwara in Central India for jungle warfare training. He graduated from the Command and Staff College in July of 43. During World War II, he spent 3 years in the operations of the 23rd Engineer Battalion and was mentioned in despatches for his service.He was involved in various military combat engineering operations, such as building roads, wooden (tank crossing) bridges, forward airfields, river jetties etc. In 1944, from Assam all the way to Burma. They used to be a SEAC unit, where tank wooden crosses were often damaged by lifting at high tide. He built roads, bridges and jetties for inland transport when he was 2nd in command. A tornado hit their small ship, with waves going over it, but luckily the eye of the storm abated, and they sailed safely to the shore. After a year, 23 Engineer Bn was shifted to Assam and the troops were able to advance to Rangoon. He was promoted to Lt.Col at Toungoo on the way to Rangoon, where he rebuilt the bombed out airfield in 21 nights.He did a special Commander Royal Engineers' course at Roorkee and was posted as a Garrison Engineer in Jan 47 after four months of training. He was appointed Asst Comdt of the S&M Roorkee to prepare for partition after this. He went to Sialkot on August 14 to celebrate Pakistan's Independence. He started his journey back to Roorkee by train from Rawalpindi, which was diverted from Lahore to Ferozpur. The train was not attacked along the way because the stations were full of killers. He went to New Delhi for the sharing of Engineer property from Roorkee. Pakistan's share of the total should only be from Roorkee, according to E-in-C India.By the time India-Pakistan Joint Defence Council changed the rules, we had taken most of our share. He and his family were allowed to leave the airport just before the biggest killing of Muslims at the airport because of timely information. He came back to the airport an hour later, but another miracle saved him. On the 10th of September he and his family were safely evacuated from Palam airport in Delhi to Karachi by the PAF aircraft. The new Engineer Centre was established when he moved to Sialkot. Maj J is back at Roorkee. Pakistan's share of equipment was arranged by Major General A. Faruqi.To Sialkot. Most of Pakistan's share was brought from Roorkee to Sialkot in October of 47. According to the new rule, the Indians stopped the convoy and ordered it to be unloaded near Amritsar. The convoy was allowed to go through to Lahore after a heated argument with the Indians. The new motto for Pakistan's Corps of Engineers was "Rooheh-Rawan". The former British barracks in the north of Sialkot were the site of the Engineers Centre and School of Military Engineering. Both became fully functional in a short period of time.The big task was to integrate the Bengal S&M with the Bombay S&M personnel, but the Pakistan feeling was so strong that unity was soon achieved. They had to deal with Indian excursions on the border. The Asst was held by Lt Col <mask>. The Commandant of the Engineer Centre. After a year, the Comdt Col Conner went on long leave and became a full Colonel. After becoming Dy E-in-C, he moved the Centre and School to Risalpur to ensure training on bridge building. Five months as AAG(org) in AG's branch and four months as GSO I (SD) in GS branch were posted to GHQ, where he was the senior most Pakistani engineer officer.The property division with India was again argued because of the new Joint Partition Council rules and E-in-C, but the final decision was to observe a "status quo". He was posted for further training on 1st Sep 49, in those days covering: Pindi, Abbottabad, Murree, Jehlum, Sargodha, Mianwali and Attock. He was posted as Dy E-in-C in the early 1950s. The then E-in-C, Maj Gen Veitch, made him fully responsible for all future planning of officers and men. He was sent to the School of Military Engineering (SME) Chatham in the UK, the Military College of Science in the UK, the Survey training centre in the UK, and the Transport training centre in the UK. He was promoted to brigadier in 1951. He was the head of a mission from Pakistan at the marriage of King Hussein.He went to Damascus and Lebanon. He visited the USA Corps of Engineers Centre at Fort Belvoir and the Waterways Research Centre at Vicksburg. The ratio of officers in the Military Engineering Service was fixed by Dy E-in-C. At a conference of all the Vice Chancellors of the then universities in Pakistan, his perseverance to get the degree at Military College of Engineering (MCE) Risalpur, proved successful. The National University of Sciences and Technology was established as a result of his hard work. The difficult decision was made to remove or transfer any engineer officer who was found unsuitable for the Corps of Engineers. The work was done by the Corps of Engineers.There was no progress on the project for many months because the PWDs said that it was not possible to build it. Gen Veitch wanted to know if the project could be implemented by the Corps of Engineers. He accepted the challenge and sent Maj Safdar and a captain to walk through dangerous territory. They took a jeep to Gilgit and reported that it was doable. The Secretary Communications said that he could only allow them to spend Rs 75 lakhs on the project. The road is being built by the Corps of Engineers. He was personally involved in planning, designing and supervising the building of ajeep road on a 3 tonner alignment, which was built within a meager budget of only Rs 75 lakhs.It was a feat of engineering to widen and extend the road to China. The task was accomplished by FWO, a special force raised by the Corps of Engineers. He contributed to the building of the military cantonments. Satellite Town and the new capital city of Islamabad were given technical advice by him. He held the post of E-in-C for 8 years before he was promoted to Maj Gen. The Corps of Engineers became one of the best bodies of combat engineers in the world under his command. This was proved when the top 10 percent of the class were from Pakistan.They were competing against officers from other countries. When retired and serving officers of the Corps of Engineers excelled in whichever assignment they were given, and in any military or civilian organisation they subsequently joined, the fact was further vindicated. On 1 May 1965, Maj Gen J.A. retired from the Army. Far 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 After retiring from the Pakistan Army, Maj General Anwar Khan was appointed Managing Director and Chairman of the Oil and Gas Corporation for four years. He bought a large industrial plot in I-9 Islamabad at a rate of Rs 10/- per sq yd, and a commercial plot in the Blue area for HQ office at an equally low rate despite strong resistance from some quarters. The value of this property is very high.The OGDC's mission was to make Pakistani engineers, technologists and scientists learn and apply the skills and technologies required for attaining the highest level of competence and expertise. The current day OGDCL continues to drive this strategy. He was the President of the Institute of Engineers Pakistan three times. He used to get the most votes from East-Pakistanis, and was one of the most respected and admired West-Pakistanis. He received a Lifetime Achievement Award for his contributions to the engineering profession. He was the President of the Rawalpindi Division Cricket Board and the Rawalpindi Division Hockey Board for a long time. He captained the Pakistan Army Cricket Team as a brigadier in the 1950s, and continued to bowl at an extremely fast pace, more accurately than most others who were many years younger to him.There are more references to Pakistan's drift into Extremism. His son is Khalid Akbar. British Indian Army officers, Pakistani military engineers, and members of the Order of the British Empire are all related to World War II.

masks:
Raja Muhammad Anwar Khan
Anwar Khan
Muhammad Anwar Khan
Anwar
Khan
Akbar Khan
Akbar Khan
Muhammad Iftikhar
Khan
Muhammad Yousef
Khan
Anwar
Khan
Muhammad
Khan
Anwar
Khan
Khan
Anwar
Raja Muhammad
Khan
Khan
Ali Khan
Anwar
Anwar
Khan
Anwar


title: Henri-Étienne Beaunis

texts: <mask> was a French psychologist. He defended the thesis of the Nancy School. He's known for his works on psychology, psychology, psychology, psychology, psychology, psychology, psychology, psychology, psychology, psychology, psychology, psychology, psychology, psychology, psychology, psychology, psychology, psychology, psychology, psychology, psychology, psychology, psychology, psychology, psychology, <mask> was born in 1830. Henry-tienne <mask> is the name on his birth certificate, but most of his publications were under the name <mask>. When the city was threatened by the July revolution, his mother had to leave. <mask> was left in Touraine by his grandmother when his mother returned to his father.He was interested in reading and arts when he was young. He obtained the Baccalauréat s sciences physiques successively. He began his medical career in Paris. He obtained a medical degree in 1856. He published his thesis under the name De l'habitude en graléné. He wanted people to see habits as ways of improving themselves and not as repetitive acts that allow us to please ourselves in rest and happiness. He was encouraged by his father to pursue a career in medicine.Henri-tienne <mask> enlisted in the French army after choosing medicine. He returned to France with the title of médecin-major de deuxime classe in 1860 after serving in Algeria many times. Anatomie générale et physiologie du systme lymphatique was presented as a thesis for his aggrégation de médecine. It was necessary to become a professor in France. He became a professor at the University of Strasbourg. He was a professor at Strasbourg when he published a book with his colleague, who was a medic in the army. The book was written for students of science and medicine.The authors were able to stay in touch with the latest discoveries because of their knowledge of German. The sections on osteology, myology, viscera, senses, and embryology were written by <mask>. The sections on angiology and neurology were written by Bouchard. The Franco-Prussian War resulted in the French side losing part of Alsace-Lorraine. He wrote about his life during the Siege of Strasbourg in his diary, which was published in 1871. He talked about the intellectual climate that was developing before the war and the opening of scientific dialogs in Germany and France. The Faculty of Medicine of Strasbourg was transferred to Nancy after the disappearance of E. Kss, who was the previous holder.In 1874, he published his observations on a case of Situs inversus, a condition in which internal organs are lost in the body. The most massive work of this period was the book, Nouveaux lements de physiologie humaine comprenant, a book that synthesises the knowledge in physiology at that time. In the 19th century, supplementary editions were published. He published in Nancy with a book called Précis d'anatomie et de dissection. He considers this book a sequel to the first one. Since the publication of Nouveaux lements de physiologie humaine, <mask> has shown his interest in including psychological processes in the general field of physiology. In 1884, he published texts that explored this question.The idea that speech in man is a very complex expression of communicative capacities that are present in other animals and that speech is generated through mechanical processes involving mouth and throat muscles was exposed in De la justesse et de la fausseté de la voix. His laboratory was well equipped in 1876 and he began publishing scientific results in 1884. Some of the works of Albert Kss, Albert René, Maxime Drouot, Charles Mayard and Eug are described in this collective work. The majority of the works were published in the Revue médicale de l'Est. The laboratory of Beaunis was where the experiments were performed. They study cerebral physiology, which is called neurophysiology today. The research done in the laboratory includes works on pneumotherapy, the effects of nicotine, diuretic agents, the effects of cognitive processes on pulse, aneurysms, respiration, muscle contraction and reaction time to sensorial stimuli.He gained interest in hypnotism as a result of his work in physiology. The theses of the Nancy School were defended by a group of people, including Hippolyte Bernheim and Jules Ligeois. The Nancy School thought that hypnotism was a state similar to sleep, while the Salptrire School thought that it was a state similar to hysteria. He published Le somnambulisme provoqué in 1886, which he wanted to include in the Recherches expérimentales. He was encouraged to create a separate work by his editors. He continued to publish general works in the field. Les sensations internes, a synthesis of internal senses other than the five classically studied senses, was published in 1889.L'évolution du systme nerveux was published in 1890. The Sorbonne was the first French psychology laboratory. He and Alfred Binet founded L'Année psychologique in 1894. The description of two cases of synesthesia was published in 1893. Henri-tienne <mask> had a passion for the arts. In 1917, he finished a work that began in 1891 and included the theatre of Eschyle. Some of his novels were published under the name Paul Abaur.He passed away at Le Cannet. Serge Nicolas had access to a small part of the memoir written by Henri-tienne <mask>. The memoir hasn't been recovered yet. Serge Nicolas wants his writing to be recovered and made public in his biography. De l'habitude en général, 1856 L'Italienne, scnes des guerres contemporaines, drame en 1 acte et 2 tableaux. The Tratado elemental de Anatoma descriptiva y de preparaciones anatmicas was written in 1869. H.E<mask>.The impressions of campagne. Félix Alcan is an author. Remarques sur un cas de transposition générale des viscres, 1874, were part of the programme. Leon d'ouverture was published in 1875. The humaine comprenant des principes de la physiologie. J.B. Baillire et fils is a book. It was reed.The Précis d'anatomie et de dissection was published in 1877. The Compendio de anatoma y diseccion was written by the two of them. There are elementos de anatoma descriptiva y de embriologa in the volume 2. Claude Bernard wrote leon d'ouverture du cours de physiologie. The temps de reaction des différentes sensations were recorded in 1884. L'expérimentation en psychologie par le somnambulisme provoqué was published in 1885. Influence de la durée de l'attente sur le temps de réactions was published in 1885.The Suggestion  172 jours d'Intervalle was published in 1885. Un suggestion mentale, 1885. De la justesse et de la fausseté de la voix was published in 1884. J.-B. Baillire et Fils is a book. The conditions de l'activité cérébrale were present in 1884. J.-B.Baillire et Fils is a book. Novyia osnovy fizologi chelovieka was published in 1884. J.-B. Baillire et Fils is a book. It was reed. Une expérience sur le sens musculaires, 1886. L'cole du service de santé militaire de Strasbourg was founded in 1870.Félix Alcan is the author. L'évolution du systme nerveux was published in 1888. Recherches sur la mémoire des sensations musculaires was published in 1886. L'évolution du systme nerveux was published in 1889. The knstlich hervorgerufene Somnambulismus: psychologische und psychologische Studien was published in 1889. Deuticke's ed. L'évolution du systme nerveux was published in 1890.J.B. Baillire et fils is a book. D'Eschyle: drame lyrique en deux tableaux et en vers, 1891. Marpon and Flammarion are authors. The L'Année Psychologique I was published in 1895. Madame Mazurel was born in 1895. The littéraires of the Société d'éditions. The contribution was made by Paul Abaur.The fantoches sur la Cte d'Azur were published in the American Journal of Psychology. V. Guiglion's ed. El sonambulismo provocado: estudios fisiolgicos. The book is called Bailly-Baillire e hijos. Comment fonctionne mon cerveau was written in 1909. Le mécanisme cérébral: observations personnelles was published in 1910. Deux cas de lucidité télépathique was published in 1914.Annales des sciences psychiques, février Elementi di fisiologia umana comprendenti. The edited edition of Unione Tipografico. Oeuvres d'Eschyle was published in 1917. The ed. of Le Cannet. In 1917, Tragédies. L'émotion musicale took place in 1918. There is a Revue Philosophique.Heures tragiques took place from 1870 to 1919. V. Guillon is the author of Le Cannet. Sonnets fantaisistes: silhouettes contemporaines. Aveugles de naissance et le monde extérieur, 1921. There are External links to 1830 births and 1921 deaths.

masks:
Henri tienne Beaunis
Henri tienne Beaunis
Beaunis
Henri tienne Beaunis
Beaunis
Beaunis
Beaunis
Beaunis
Beaunis
Beaunis
. Beaunis


title: Jeph Loeb

texts: He is an American film and television writer, producer and comic book writer. He was a writer and co-executive producer on the NBC show Heroes from its premiere in 2006 to November 2008, as well as a producer and writer on the TV series Smallville and Lost. In 2010 he became the Executive Vice President of Marvel Television. A four-time Eisner Award winner and five-time Wizard Fan Awards winner, <mask>'s comic book work, which has appeared on the New York Times Best Seller list, includes work on many major characters, including Spider-Man, Batman, Superman, Hulk, Captain America, Cable, <mask> was raised in a Jewish family. During the summer of 1970, he started collecting comic books. Jeph met one of his mentors and greatest influences in comic book writing when he was a vice-president at Brandeis University.Columbia University is where <mask> attended. He received a Bachelor of Arts and a Master's degree. Paul Schrader was one of his instructors. The script of Teen Wolf was written by <mask> and Matthew Weisman. The film starred Michael J. and was released in August of 1985. Fox. The script of Commando was written by <mask> and Weisman.On October 4, 1985, the film was released. The film was released in 1987. The plot was based on the novels of Lawrence Block. Weisman and Wilson collaborated with him. The film featured a female comedy role for actress Whoopi Goldberg. Teen Wolf Too, a sequel to Teen Wolf, was co-written by Weisman and Tim Kring. The film was released in 1987.The film had a teen idol and a veteran actor in it. The TV series Heroes was created by <mask> and Kring. Four years later, he was working on a script for a movie. Jenette Kahn, the publisher of DC Comics, asked <mask> to write a comic book after the script deal fell through. The episode of Smallville entitled "Red" was written in 2002 by <mask> <mask>. He has written many episodes since becoming a supervising producer. After signing a three-year contract, he left to care for his son who had cancer, even though producers offered to keep him on for future seasons.During Lost's second season, he became a writer/producer. After leaving Lost, he became a co- executive producer and writer on NBC's Heroes, which was created by Tim Kring. The teleplay was written for "One Giant Leap" and "Unexpected". The artwork of Tim Sale is featured in the show. The series was nominated for two awards, one for Outstanding Drama Series and one for Best New Series. The People's Choice Award for Favorite New TV Drama was won by it. It was nominated for a Golden Globe Award.The Jules Verne Award for artistic achievement was presented to <mask> and Kring at the Jules Verne Festival in Paris, France. The Jules Verne Award for Best Writing for his work on Smallville, which he had not previously been given because his trip to the Festival that year had been canceled due to his son's ill health, was presented to him by the Festival. On November 2, 2008, Daily Variety reported that Heroes co-executive producer, Jesse Alexander, was no longer employed on the series. According to an interview with Comic Book Resources, Jesse Alexander and I have left Heroes. I'm proud to have been a part of the success of the show, which won an award for NBC.com. I wish everyone the best and will miss the cast and writing staff. The third-season episode, "Dual", was written and produced by <mask>.In order to create both live-action and animated shows based on the characters of the company, Dan Buckley was appointed to the position of Executive Vice President, Head of Television. Kevin Feige was promoted to Chief Creative Officer of Marvel Entertainment in October of 2019. Before Feige's promotion, <mask> was planning his departure. The character interactions he writes are sparse in terms of dialogue, though he is known for his extensive use of narration boxes as monologues to reveal the inner thoughts of characters. Challengers of the Unknown vol. was <mask> <mask>'s first comic. It was the first of many collaborations with Tim Sale. They collaborated on Batman: The Long Halloween, a 13-issue limited series, and Batman: Dark Victory, a 14-issue limited series, which was set in the first years of the hero's career.Batman: The Man Who Falls and Batman: Year One were both influenced by The Long Halloween. The Superman for All Seasons limited series is one of the collaborations at DC. In 1995 he co-created the X-Man character with artist Steve Skroce and worked on the "Age of Apocalypse" storyline. The "Heroes Reborn" version of Captain America was written by <mask> and Tim Sale. The first issue of Superman was written by <mask>. The "Emperor Joker" and "Our Worlds at War" were part of his tenure on the title. He left Superman in issue #183 in 2002.At the end of 2002, <mask> and Jim Lee collaborated to create "Batman: Hush", which spawned three lines of toys, posters and calendars, and sat at the #1 spot for eleven of the twelve months it was in publication. Superman/Batman was launched the following year. The animated film adapted from the "Public Enemies" story was one of the things spawned by the run on the title. In September 2005, after signing an exclusive contract with the company, <mask> introduced the Red Hulk. In the first issue of the Civil War comic book series, superhero destruction was to befall his hometown of Stamford, Connecticut. The Spider-Man series was to be released sometime in 2007. The series was brought back on the schedule in 2010 and is still being worked on.Despite having two fully pencilled issues, the project has been canceled by Campbell. The series Fallen Son: The Death of Captain America was written by <mask> and used the five stages of grief as a theme to explore reactions to the death of Captain America. 1 in the first issue. The "Funeral for Captain America", which was covered by the Associated Press and The Washington Post, was the last issue. The Ultimate Marvel Universe had two miniseries written by <mask>. His work on The Ultimates 3 in 2007, with artist Joe Madureira, was panned by critics for its use of sex and violence for shock value, without the political relevance or epic pacing of the first two volumes. The Ultimate Universe had a five-issue miniseries in 2008.Described in a 2015 Vulture retrospective as "one of the biggest creative disasters in comics history", Ultimatums gratuitous murder scenes permanently damaged sales across the entire Ultimate Universe and in the long run brought about its cancellation. Doctor Strange was squeezed until his head exploded, Magneto was decapitated, and the Blob ate the Wasp, and many other heroes and villains were murdered over the course of just five issues. According to the review site Let's Be Friends Again, Ultimatum is a base and insulting comic book. The Captain America: White limited series was only published in the first issue. The project was supposed to be finished in September of 2015. The Empath Magic Tree House is where <mask> shares his writing studio. Page 39 of the "Future Tense" TV Guide.Sam died at the age of 17 after a three-year battle with bone cancer. Sam's story was almost completed before he died. The work was finished by 25 other writers and artists, all of whom were friends of Sam. In the story "Sam's Story", a boy named Sam is the inspiration for Clark Kent to become Superman. Negative stereotypes of East Asians and East Asian culture were promoted in the shows Daredevil, Iron Fist and The Defenders. Danny Rand's status as an "outsider" was a key theme of the show, as was the casting of white actor Finn Jones. At San Diego Comic-Con, Jessica Henwick forced him to remove his karate gi and headband, which he wore while promoting the second season of Iron Fist.The stunt was criticized for being culturally inappropriate. During the Comic-Con panel in July 2020, Peter Shinkoda, a Canadian actor of Japanese descent who played recurring villain Nobu Yoshioka on Daredevil, suggested that the show's writers had to drop their plans to flesh out Nobu and other recurring villains. According to Shinkoda, the writers were told that there were three previous Marvel movies, a trilogy called Blade that was made where Wesley Snipes killed 200 Asians each movie. Don't write about Nobu and Gao because nobody gives a shit. Shinkoda claimed that he was not invited to the season 2 premiere of Daredevil and that he was paid less than the extras. Tommy Walker said that Daredevil and Defenders showrunner Doug Petrie had previously pitched a multiracial Asian American version of Iron Fist to Marvel Television, but was rejected. There were awards for Batman: The Long Halloween and Batman: Dark Victory.Subsequent issues received mixed reviews. The New York Times Graphic Books Best Seller List in May of 2009, which included Buffy the Vampire Slayer Season 8, Volume 4, was a result of issues 7 and 9 of the series being collected into a trade paperback volume. The first issue of The Ultimates 3 continued the series' history of ranking at No. The series was less well-received than its predecessors. 1 in the first issue of Ultimatum. 1 in sales for the month of November. At Weekly Comic Book Review, Andrew C. Murphy gave it a B+, praising David Finch's art, while Ben Berger gave it a C, opining that there was too much exposition.More negative reviews were received for the rest of the series. "Ultimatum is one of the worst comics I have ever read, and it's the ultimate nightmare," Jesse said in his review. The level of graphic violence, which included cannibalism, and the notion that the series was sold on the basis of its shock value were some of the points of criticism. The 15 Worst Comics of the Decade included Ultimates 3 and Ultimatum. DCComicsChallengers of the Unknown vol. The series was supposed to be published in the Justice League Quarterly anthology, but it was canceled before the story was published. In Who's Who #1 (Challengers of the Unknown, 1990) and #16 (The New Challengers of the Unknown, 1992), profile pages were drawn by Sale."We're Back!" is included in the first volume of Superman: The City of Tomorrow. "Y2K, Part Two: Whatever Happened to the City of Tomorrow?" "Unbearable Brightness of Being" is a co-feature in Superman: The City of Tomorrow Volume 2. "Emperor Joker, Part One: You Say You Want a Revolution?" is a one-shot by various artists. "Where Monsters Lurk!" is included in Superman: President Lex. "Tales from the Bizarro World" with Ed McGuinness and Carlo Barberi was published in 2001. Lew-Thor!"Help!" is a one-shot, co-feature with Mike Wieringo and Tony Harris. "Fathers" and "Return to Krypton, Part One: Sliding Home" are included in Superman: Return to Krypton. "Our Worlds at War" is included in Superman: Our Worlds at War. "Superman/Doomsday" includes "Joker's Last Laugh: Doomsday Rex" and "A Little Help". "Power" was collected in Supergirl: The Girl of Steel. The Witching Hour (hc, 160 pages, 2000, ; tpb, 2000, ) was collected with an interview with Chris Bachalo. David Brewer, Steve Skroce, Ian Churchill, Arnie Jorgensen, Salvador Larroca, Randy Green, Rob Haynes, and Bernard were all in the one-shot.X-Force was collected in X-Men: The Complete Age of Apocalypse Volume 3. The collection includes #57–61, tpb,  456 pages, and the movie "Wolverine/Gambit: Victims #1–4" with Tim Sale. The Fall of the Hulks: Gamma one-shot is written by <mask> <mask> and is part of the Complete Collection Volume 2. The fourth issue of Fantastic Four: World's Greatest Comic Magazine was written and illustrated by Ron Frenz. The first point is "Diamondhead" with Ed McGuinness. "The Thing vs. Colossus" and "Spider-Woman" are included in Avenger vs. X-Men: VS (tpb, 160 pages, 2013). "Faith" and "Courage" arescripted by Rob Liefeld from a plot of Heroes Reborn.Iron Man vol. 2 isscripted from plots by Rob Liefeld, art by Chap Yaep and Ian Churchill, 1996–1997. Whilce Portacio, Ryan Benjamin, and Terry Shoemaker are in issue 12 of 2. The Ultimates 4 was announced in 2006 by Marvel. It is not known when the project was abandoned, but a few sketches were published in Wizard.March. The Ultimate Captain America Annual: "Favorite Son: Origin of the Black Panther" and "Training Day" were both written by Ed McGuinness and Marko Djurdjevi. "Fighting American: Rules of the Game" was written by Rob Liefeld and was released in 1997. Coven: Fantom and Coven: Black and White were the first two stories to be colorized and reprinted.Lionheart #2 is on the flipside. 2 #1–3 (1999)Lionheart #1–2 (spin-off, 1999) collects: Kaboom vol. The Awesome Holiday Special: "Babes in Toyland" was written and illustrated by Jeff Matsuda. "A New Hope" was written by Rob Liefeld and illustrated by Keron Grant. The Hitchhiker, Seven Little Monsters and Buffy: The Animated Series were all written by Rob Liefeld. The agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. The Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. are: Agent Carter, Daredevil, Jessica Jones, and Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.The Defenders, Spider-Man, Inhumans, New Warriors, Iron Fist, The Punisher, The Gifted, Legion, Runaways, and Cloak & Dagger have been released. The films include Teen Wolf, Commando, Model by Day, and Firestorm. References External links <mask> <mask> on Heroes Wiki 20th-century American screenwriters 21st-century American writers American male screenwriters American people of Jewish descent American television executives

masks:
Loeb
Jeph Loeb
Jeph
Loeb
Loeb
Loeb
Loeb
Jeph
Loeb
Loeb
Loeb
Loeb
Jeph
Loeb
Loeb
Loeb
Loeb
Loeb
Jeph
Loeb
Loeb
Jeph
Loeb
Jeph
Loeb


title: Perry Kitchen

texts: Kevin is an American professional soccer player who plays for the Columbus Crew in Major League Soccer. He was part of the Zips team that won the 2010 NCAA Division I Men's Soccer Championship and was the first pick in the MLS SuperDraft. He won the Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup after scoring 10 goals for D.C. He was appointed the captain of Heart of Midlothian in March of 2016 After six months with the Danes, he returned to MLS with the LA Galaxy. He joined the Columbus Crew three years later. <mask> was the captain of the United States men's soccer team at the U17 World Cup in Nigeria.He made his senior international debut in February 2015, and was part of the squad that came fourth at the Copa América Centenario. <mask> was signed up for soccer by his mother and quickly excelled in the sport, as his local league made him play two age groups higher due to his ability. While remaining in Indiana, he was signed to the Chicago Magic, a team in the U.S. Soccer Development Academy. He was invited to spend two years in the United States men's national under 17 soccer team camp in Florida and captained the team at the World Cup in Nigeria. He was a member of the Zips who won the 2010 NCAA Division I Men's Soccer Championship with other future MLS players such as Darlington Nagbe. He started 25 games for the Zips in 2010 and scored six goals and added one assist. He was an All-MAC First Team selection and scored an unassisted goal on a right-footed blast from 30 yards out in the national semifinal of the College Cup.<mask> did not make an appearance for the club in 2010. D.C. United Kitchen passed on a trial offer from Anderlecht to sign a Generation Adidas contract with MLS. He was selected by D.C. United in the first round of the MLS SuperDraft. He scored his first professional goal on May 29th in a 3-2 win over the Portland Timbers, after making his professional debut on March 19th in the MLS season opener against the Columbus Crew. Despite being a finalist for the award, he was not selected. The record for the team that year was 4 assists, which was recorded by him. He was named D.C. United's Most Valuable Player.They won the U.S. Open Cup with a 1–0 victory at Real Salt Lake. <mask> had a deal with D.C. United. Europe <mask> signed with Heart of Midlothian. He made his debut as a substitute for Sam Nicholson in a 1–0 win at Dundee. <mask> was appointed club captain. <mask> was allowed to leave the club at the end of the season after Ian Cathro was appointed Hearts manager. <mask> joined the club on a two-year deal.LA Galaxy <mask> returned to the US when he joined the team. LA got his MLS rights from D.C. United in exchange for $100,000 in general allocation money and $200,000 in targeted allocation money. He made his debut in the season opener on March 4. <mask> was out of contract after the 2020 season. <mask> was a free-agent and signed with the Columbus Crew. <mask> made his debut for the Crew in a match against Real Esteli. <mask> didn't play again for the Black and Gold until July 9th, when he started against FC Cincinnati, after suffering an injury in the first match of the MLS season.On August 19th, the club announced that <mask> had undergone successful back surgery for a herniated disc, which ended his MLS campaign after three starts and five total appearances. The captain of the United States men's national soccer team at the U17 World Cup in Nigeria, <mask> also played for the under-20 team. <mask> was called to the senior training camp for the first time. He made his international debut on February 8 of that year against Panama at the StubHub Center, replacing the injured DeAndre Yedlin for the last 22 minutes of a 2–0 win. He was a member of the squad that was called up by Jrgen Klinsmann for the Centenario. He did not play for the team. The NCAA Men's Division I Soccer Championship: 2010 Mid-American Conference Regular Season: 2010 D.C. United Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup.Scottish Professional Football League players are American expatriate soccer players.

masks:
Kitchen
Kitchen
Kitchen
Kitchen
Kitchen
Kitchen
Kitchen
Kitchen
Kitchen
Kitchen
Kitchen
Kitchen
Kitchen
Kitchen
International Kitchen
Kitchen


title: Vladimir Dedijer

texts: <mask> was a Yugoslav partisan fighter during World War II who became known as a politician, human rights activist, and historian. He was a senior government official in the early postwar years. After being at cross purposes with the government, he concentrated on his academic career as a historian. He was a visiting professor at several universities in the United States and Europe. The United States forces activities in Vietnam and later tribunals were reviewed by him. The Kingdom of Serbia, where <mask> was born, later became Yugoslavia. His family were Orthodox Christians.His mother was a social worker and his father was a professor. Borivoje was the middle of three sons. <mask> was married before World War II. Their daughter was born on the eve of the war. The widowed <mask> married again the next year. He was married to an actress in 1944. He and Vera had four children together.Branko committed suicide at the age of 13 after police questioned him about his father's political activities. He hanged himself after returning home. He jumped off a cliff near his father's house. <mask> believed that the man was killed by the police. The Conference for Reconciliation in Poland in 1929 was attended by <mask> as a delegate. He attended the XX World Congress of the Young Men's Christian Association in Cleveland, Ohio in 1931. After graduating high school, <mask> worked for a daily newspaper.Before World War II, he was a foreign correspondent in Poland, Spain, England, and Norway. <mask> was fired from Politika in 1937 for his support of the Republican government in Spain during the Spanish Civil War. The Communist Party of Yugoslavia collaborated with <mask>. Like Serbian ancestors, <mask> was an independent thinker. He said it was hard to be a Serb. The Yugoslavian partisans fought against the Nazi Germany occupiers in 1941. He was a lieutenant colonel.He was involved in politics during the war. During the battle of Sutjeska in Bosnia in 1943, his wife, a medical student who had become a partisan surgeon, was killed. He was wounded on two other occasions. <mask> was seriously injured the day after the funeral. He was sent to Cairo, Egypt and Naples, Italy to recover after being promoted to colonel. <mask> went back to the Adriatic base Vis. After the war, <mask> was a member of the Yugoslav delegation at the Paris peace conference and several sessions of the United Nations General Assembly.He was a history professor at the University of Belgrade. The Party's Central Committee had a member named <mask>. He was appointed to the Federal Assembly the following year. He was the sole member of the Central Committee to side with Milovan Djilas when he was deposed for advocating the rule of law in socialism. Djilas's right to freedom of expression was defended by <mask>. <mask> was kicked out of the CPY, removed from his political offices, and dismissed from his teaching position at the University of Belgrade. A suspended prison sentence was given to <mask>.<mask> was granted a passport by Yugoslav authorities in 1959 and was allowed to leave the country with his family. He devoted himself to writing and teaching. He was a visiting professor of history at universities in the United States, Europe, and the United Kingdom. He was admitted to the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts in 1978. <mask>'s book, The Yugoslav Auschwitz and the Vatican: The Croatian massacre of the Serbs during World War II, was translated into several languages. The Ustashe Catholics in Croatia committed genocide against ethnicities and religions that they considered heretics. The Ustashe massacred over one million Orthodox Serbs, 60,000 Jews, and Sinti and Roma.In Catholic Croatia, the 'Kingdom of God', everyone who did not belong to the Catholic faith was compelled to convert to Catholicism. Those who refused, as well as many who had already converted, were murdered, usually after lengthy torture in which the order of the day was the cutting off of noses, ears, or other body parts, or poking out eyes. Children were cut out of the bodies of pregnant women and subsequently beheaded; people were chopped to pieces before the eyes of loved ones, who were even forced to catch the spurting blood in a bowl, to list only a few horrors as examples. The atrocities assumed such an extent that even German Nazis protested. His history, The Road to Sarajevo, discusses the origins of World War I and the fact that the Vatican was involved in the massacres. His book was translated into twenty different languages. All of <mask>'s income from that book was donated to charities.Both of <mask>'s accounts of Yugoslav Partisan history have been published in English. <mask> was a leading authority on genocide in the twentieth century. He was the first vice-president of the International Tribune on War Crimes and chaired it with Jean-Paul Sartre. The First International Russell Tribunal was established in 1966 to adjudicate war crimes committed by the US in Vietnam. The French authorities refused to grant an entry visa to <mask>, which prevented the Tribunal from sitting in Paris. The first and second sessions of the Tribunal were held in Sweden and Denmark. <mask> presided over both sessions.The US was condemned for war crimes, aggression, and genocide during the Vietnam war. The Third International Russell Tribunal was held in Darmstadt in 1977. The Tribunal dealt with the denial of the right of individuals to practice their chosen profession in West Germany because of their political convictions, after the government issued a decree against radicals at a time of great social unrest in the nation. Laws were passed against West Germany. In 1982 <mask> filed a lawsuit. The death of <mask> occurred in Boston, Massachusetts in 1990. He was cremated.His ashes were returned to ale Central Cemetery. Borba, 1949 is <mask>'s bibliography. In London : Weidenfeld and Nicolson,1953, Tito speaks about his struggle with Stalin. Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts biography 1914 births 1990 deaths Writers from Belgrade People from the Kingdom of Serbia League of Communists of Serbia politicians Central Committee of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia

masks:
Vladimir Dedijer
Vladimir Dedijer
Dedijer
Dedijer
Dedijer
Dedijer
Dedijer
Dedijer
Dedijer
Dedijer
Dedijer
Dedijer
Dedijer
Dedijer
Dedijer
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Dedijer


title: Jerod Impichchaachaaha' Tate

texts: <mask> is a classical composer and pianist. He uses traditional instruments in his compositions and they are inspired by American Indian history and culture. Several of his works have been performed by major orchestras in Washington, DC, San Francisco, Detroit, and Minneapolis. When the San Francisco Symphony Chorus performed and recorded his work Iholba' in 2008, it was the first time they had sung in any American Indian language. Younger musicians and composers have been developed by <mask>. He is the founder and artistic director of the festival. He was a Composition Instructor at the Summer Arts Academy.He was the composer-in-residence. He is an instructor on the music faculty at Oklahoma City University. An Enrolled citizen of the Chickasaw Nation, <mask> Sheffer Impichchaaha' <mask> was born in 1968 in Norman, Oklahoma. He grew up with both of his parents playing classical music. His father, <mask>, is a classically trained pianist and baritone, who played at home as well as in professional performance. <mask> <mask> is a member of the Shawi clan. His mother is from the Manx Irish descent.She was a professor of dance. His parents were aware of <mask>'s musical talent. His parents encouraged him to work in music. <mask> heard a lot of American Indian music when he was with his father. His middle name is "high corncrib" and is a traditional "house name" of the Chickasaw. A corncrib is a small hut used for storing vegetables. The corncrib was built high off of the ground on stilts to keep it out of the way of animals.<mask> studied piano performance at the university. He received his MM in Piano Performance and Composition from the Cleveland Institute of Music. <mask>'s mother asked him for a ballet score before he began his studies at the Cleveland Institute of Music. He explored the traditions of the tribes from the Northern Plains and Rockies in Winter Moons. It was filmed at the University of Wyoming. Composition was a way to combine American Indian tradition with classical training. In 1994 and 1996 the Colorado Ballet performed this ballet.<mask> said that he didn't mix his identities of being a classically trained musician and being an American Indian. I didn't know there was a relationship between those two until I started writing. They came together in a way that made me feel wonderful. He started his second major, in composition, after returning to the Cleveland Institute of Music. He worked with his father and others to learn more about the music. According to <mask>, Hungarian composer Béla Bartk was the first ethnomusicologist that was aware of his own folk music, and he did it so naturally and so joyfully that I felt the same impulse to do the same thing from where I come from. The First Nations Composers Initiative was implemented by the American Composers Forum, based in Minneapolis.Several works from North American Indian composers have been commissioned by FNCI. FNCI is no longer active. Three large-scale works from <mask> have been commissioned by the American Composers Forum. The National Symphony Orchestra, The San Francisco Symphony and San Francisco Symphony Chorus, The Detroit Symphony, the Buffalo Philharmonic Orchestra, the South Dakota Symphony Orchestra, Colorado Ballet, and the Canterbury Choral Society have all performed Tate's works. <mask> compares his use of traditional flutes and drums to the way that visual artists explore images associated with American Indians: feathers, horses, etc. In 2007, the San Francisco Symphony and San Francisco Symphony Chorus performed and recorded his work. This was the first time the chorus had sung in American Indian language.<mask> said they learned how to sing in any other language. <mask> and R. Carlos Nakai collaborated on a woodwind quintet for him. Nakai performed at the Santa Fe Chamber Music Festival. In a program on American Indian classical music and composers,NPR noted that some tribes have funded education programs and other initiatives for young composers. <mask> has developed institutions for the performance and composition of music by American Indians. He is the founder and artistic director of the festival. He was a Composition Instructor at the Summer Arts Academy.In 2009, <mask> conceived, coordinated and implemented the CD project. The first professional recording in history of works by young American Indian composers is contained in the album. The second CD recording from the Summer Arts Academy was released in 2013). Taloowa' Chokma'si'' was the third CD recording. The recordings were produced and released by Azica Records. He was the composer-in-residence. <mask> was Composer-in-Residence for the Kennedy Center for Performing Arts/National Symphony Orchestra American Residency Program in the state of Wyoming in 1997.<mask> was Composer-in-Residence for the Grand Canyon Music Festival in 2004 and 2005. He taught composition to American Indian high school students in Minneapolis. The Essentially Choral program supported by the Jerome Foundation selected <mask> as Composer-Mentor in 2011. <mask> joined the Bass School of Music at Oklahoma City University in 2011. A regional Emmy Award winner for contributions to a documentary. He taught composition to seven notable research scientists during his residency with the Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation. The Oklahoma City Philharmonic performed their compositions at the Oklahoma City Museum of Art.The Creativity Ambassador for the State of Oklahoma was appointed in 2008. The Cleveland Institute of Music Alumni Achievement Award was given to the Joyce Award winner. The Percussive Arts Society gave him an award. Discography 2008 is works by <mask> Impichchaaha' <mask>. Mississippi and Iholba' are included. Christine Bailey Davis and Thomas Robertello played flutes for the San Francisco Symphony and San Francisco Symphony Chorus. The Outwater is named after the man.Azica Records is in Cleveland, Ohio. The official site of the Chickasaw Nation is <mask> <mask>'s website.

masks:
Tate
Tate
Jerod
Tate
Charles Tate
Jerod
Tate
Jerod
Jerod
Tate
Tate
Tate
Tate
Tate
Tate
Tate
Tate
Tate
Tate
Tate
Tate
Tate
Tate
Jerod
Tate
Jerod
Tate


title: Masahiko Aoki

texts: Tomoye and Henri Takahashi Professor of Japanese Studies in the Economics Department, and Senior Fellow of the Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research, died on July 15, 2015, at the age of 78. His work included comparative institutional analysis, corporate governance, the theory of the firm, and comparative East Asian development. <mask> was born in Aichi Prefecture in the year 1938. He received a degree. M.A. and 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 Economics from Tokyo University in 1962 and 1964. One of the leaders of a radical Marxist student activist organization, the Communist League, was a university student named Aoki.During the 1960 Anpo protests against the U.S.-Japan Security Treaty, <mask> helped drive the Bund's radical behavior by writing a number of theoretical tracts under his pen name Himeoka Reiji. After the protests, <mask> moved to the United States to pursue a degree in economics. In 1967, <mask> received his PhD from the University of Minnesota. In 1967, <mask> became an assistant professor at Harvard University, and in 1969 he became a full professor at Kyoto University. He became Professor of Economics at Kyoto University in 2001. In order to focus on research and take a greater role in international activities, he became Professor Emeritus of Stanford University in 2004. He was the Senior Visiting Fellow at the Asian Development Bank Institute.<mask> was a visiting professor at Tokyo University, Keio University, Hitotsubashi University, Harvard University, and the London School of Economics. The American Economic Review, Econometrica, the Quarterly Journal of Economics, Review of Economic Studies, the Journal of Economic Literature, Industrial and Corporate Change, and the Journal of Economic Behavior and Organizations have all published <mask>'s research. The Journal of the Japanese and International Economies was started by <mask>. More than 200 scholars from more than 20 countries contributed to ten books that <mask> edited for the World Bank and the International Economic Association, as well as authoring five books. The President of the International Economic Association was <mask> from 2008 to 2011. He was a member of the Econometric Society. The necessity of a trans-disciplinary approach to public policy research was stressed by <mask> as President of the Japanese Government's Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry.<mask>'s major academic contributions to economics and the social sciences were in the fields of comparative institutional analysis, the theory of the firm, and corporate governance. <mask> was a pioneer and leader in comparative institutional analysis. He was part of a group of people who created a comparative institutional field in the economics department. They think institutions are equilibrium phenomena in societal games rather than being given by factors such as law, policy, and culture. He put analytical foundations for basic concepts in institutional analysis, such as institutional complementarities, social embeddedness, and public representations, and applied them to comparative analysis across countries and regions. In the late 1980s, <mask> was the first to apply institutional analysis to Japan, arguing that institutions such as lifetime employment, the main bank system, long-term supplier relations, and the government were all game-theoretic equilibria. <mask> developed a conceptual and analytical game theoretic approach to comparative studies of institutions.He used this framework to analyze how institutions evolve, why institutional structures are diverse across economies, and what factors lead to institutional change or rigidity. The Cooperative Game Theory of the Firm was a first attempt to unify various theories of the firm, such as neoclassical, worker controlled, and stakeholder society views, as special cases of corporate governance with different weights of bargaining power attributed to the members of the firm. <mask>'s interests moved into comparisons of various internal information structures of the firm, and its applications to international varieties of corporate firms across Anglo-American, Japanese, German, Silicon Valley, and Chinese systems. In <mask>'s 2008 Clarendon Lectures, Corporations in Evolving Diversity, there are two viewpoints on corporate firms: a game-theoretic approach to corporate governance and information systemic approach to the internal structure of corporate firms. According to a recent development of potential game theory, sufficient and necessary conditions for corporate stakeholders with different payoff functions to behave as if they have a common objective is that they share a common distributive value. The economic theory of the firm is placed in a broader frame of institutional analysis. <mask> passed away on July 15, 2015.The Memorial Conference celebrating his life and work was held on December 4, 2015, and included addresses by Kenneth Arrow, Francis Fukuyama, Koichi Hamada, and Dale Jorgenson. The Hiromi Arisawa Memorial Award for the Best Book of Asia was given in 1993 by the Swedish Royal Academy of Engineering Sciences. Information, Incentives, and Bargaining in the Japanese Economy was published in 1988. The Japanese Firm: It's Competitive Sources, co-ed with R Dore, was published in 1994. The Japanese Main Bank System and its Relevancy for Developing and Transforming Economies was co-edited with H Patrick. Corporate Governance in Transitional Economies: Insider Control and Roles of Banks was written in Japanese and Chinese. The World Bank, 1994, trans Chinese, Vietnamese, and Russian; Information, Corporate Governance, and Institutional Diversity: Japan, US, and Transitional Economies in Comparative Perspective (Oxford 2000, original Japanese 1995); and The Role of Government in East Asian Economic Development: Comparative Institutional Analysis, co-ed withJapanese 2001 and Chinese 20001. Gregory Jackson and Hideaki Miyajima wrote Corporate Governance in Japan. Corporations in Evolving Diversity is a book. The Chinese economy is a new transition. Markets, Norms and Corporations is a book written by Kenneth Binmore, Simon Deakin, and Herbert Gintis. Timur Kuran and Gérard Roland talk about institutions and economic development. The Global Macro Economy and Finance is written by Franklin Allen.People from Nagoya Japanese economists 20th-century American economists 21st-century American economists Innovation economists University of Tokyo alumni University of Minnesota College of Liberal Arts alumni Harvard University faculty

masks:
Aoki
Aoki
Aoki
Aoki
Aoki
Aoki
Aoki
Aoki
Aoki
Aoki
Aoki
Aoki
Aoki
Aoki
Aoki
Aoki
Aoki
Death Aoki


title: Robert de Brus, 5th Lord of Annandale

texts: The 5th Lord of Annandale was <mask>. A competitor for the Scottish throne in the Great Cause was a feudal lord, justice and constable of Scotland and England. "<mask> the Competitor" is what he is known as. <mask> became King of Scots. <mask> was the son of <mask>, 4th Lord of Annandale. He was the grandson of David of Scotland, the 8th Earl of Huntingdon, the great-grandson of Henry of Scotland, and the great-great-grandson of King. <mask> was Lord of Hartness in county Durham, as well as Writtle and Hatfield Broadoak in Essex, England.His first wife brought the village of Ripe to him, while his second wife brought the Lordship of Ireby to Cumberland. The estates of the former rebel barons <mask> Fauconberg, <mask> Melsa and his brother Bernard were given grants after the Battle of Evesham. The grants may have been compensation for <mask>'s negotiation and payment of a ransom to his brother Bernard and nephew Gilbert for his release after he was captured at the Battle of Lewes. <mask> a Justice was re-appointed by King Henry III in 1267, a position he had been dismissed from in 1255. <mask> sought pardon from <mask> and probably joined the princes Edward and Edmund on their crusade, as <mask> if not Richard possibly failed to attend, or returned early, as the younger <mask> is recorded as receiving a quitclaim in Writtle, Essex. His first wife died around this time. She received a gift of deer from King Henry in Essex in 1271.<mask> Ireby married <mask> on 3 May 12 73. Her previous husband's dower land was added to the Brus holdings. <mask> restricted himself to the management of the family's northern possessions, leaving the southern to his sons. During the minority of his second cousin King <mask> of Scotland, <mask> was occasionally seen as a tanist of the Scottish throne. Margaret of Huntingdon's descendants were all females until the birth of Hugh Balliol in the 1260s. <mask> was named heir presumptive when he was childless, but never gained the throne as he had three children. When <mask>'s reign ended, all three of his children died within a few years, threatening the succession in the main line of the House of Dunkeld.The "Maid of Norway", <mask> III's only surviving descendant, was given the title of heir-presumptive by the middle-aged <mask> in 1284. <mask> married <mask> <mask> on 1 November 1285 because he needed a male heir. This was in vain. <mask> died from a fall from his horse when he was 45 years old. His death caused political upheaval in Scotland. Margaret was recognised as his successor. Margaret died while travelling towards her kingdom on the Orkney islands.The main royal line came to an end with her death. David of Huntingdon's descendants were the primary candidates for the throne after the extinction of the senior line of the Scottish royal house. John Balliol and <mask> were both descended from David's daughters Margaret and Isobel. In the succession dispute, <mask> pleaded tanistry and proximity of blood. John Balliol had the lineal right because he descended from the second daughter of David of Huntingdon. <mask> was a second cousin of kings of Scotland and descended in fourth generation from King David I of Scotland, whereas John Balliol was a third cousin of kings and descended in fifth generation from King David I. The Great Cause was concluded in 1302.The Crown of Scotland was given to John Balliol. Soon after the death of young queen Margaret, <mask> raised a body of men with the help of the earls of Mar and Atholl and marched to Perth with a considerable following and uncertain intentions. Bishop William Fraser wrote to King Edward I of England asking for his help in choosing a new monarch because he was worried about civil war. Edward agreed to pass judgment in return for recognition of his suzerainty after taking this chance to demand sasine of the Scottish royal estate. <mask> paid homage after the guardians of Scotland denied him this. John Balliol was the last to swear an oath of homage. Edward reinstated the guardians after forcing them to concede.Judgment was processed slowly. Edward asked Balliol and Bruce to choose auditors to decide the case, while he himself chose twenty-four. After considering all of the arguments, the court decided in favor of John Balliol, who had the superior claim in feudal law, as well as greater support from the kingdom of Scotland. Edward gave his final judgement on 17 November. John Balliol was crowned King of Scots at Scone Abbey. King John swore homage to Edward for the kingdom of Scotland. Edward thought the country was his vassal state.The Bruce family lost their rightful place on the Scottish throne. <mask>, 5th Lord of Annandale gave up his claim to the throne to his son <mask> Brus. <mask>, the future King, had ruled jure uxoris and the earldom of Carrick after his wife Marjorie died. <mask> <mask> had a market at Ireby, Cumberland, in the right of his wife. He had a market in the county of Durham. Sir <mask> Brus was buried in Cleveland. He married the daughter of the 4th Earl of Hertford and the 5th Earl of Gloucester on 10 July 1264).He was present at the Siege of Caerlaverock Castle in 1300 and the Battle of Falkirk in July of 1298. <mask> Brus and the Scottish rebels were expelled by the Earl ofRichmond in 1307. His armour and provisions in a vessel bound for Perth were arrested off Great Yarmouth in 1309 He was governor of St. John's Town until his death. Isabel was buried in County Durham. <mask> <mask>, 6th Lord of Annandale, Earl of Carrick married <mask> Sully without issue. Untied and without issue.He was married to Christina on 3 May 1275 in the diocese of Glasgow. The daughter of Sir <mask> Ireby, of Ireby, Cumbria. They didn't have an issue. See also John Balliol's play about <mask> <mask>urials at Gisborough Priory.

masks:
Robert V de Brus
Robert
Robert the Bruce
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