title: W. B. Yeats

texts: <mask> was an Irish poet, dramatist, writer and one of the foremost figures of 20th-century literature. He was a pillar of the Irish literary establishment who helped to found the Abbey Theatre and later served two terms as a Senator of the Irish Free State. A Protestant of Anglo-Irish decent, <mask> was born in Sandymount and was educated in Dublin and London. He was fascinated by Irish legends and the occult when he was a child. The first phase of his work deals with these topics from when he was a student at the Metropolitan School of Art in Dublin until the 20th century. His first volume of verse was published in 1889 and contains poems about Edmund Spenser and others. His poetry grew more realistic and political.He moved away from some of the beliefs of his youth. In 1894, he became the chief playwright for the Irish Literary Theatre and promoted younger poets. The Tower and Words for Music Perhaps are two of <mask>' major works. <mask> was born in Sandymount in Dublin, Ireland. His father was a descendant of Jervis <mask>, a Williamite soldier, linen merchant, and well-known painter who died in 1712. <mask>'s great-great-grandfather, <mask>, married <mask> of a landed family in County Kildare. They kept their name after their marriage.Mary was descended from an illegitimate brother of The 8th Earl of Ormond. <mask>, <mask>'s father, was studying art at the Heatherley School of Fine Art in London. Susan Mary Pollexfen came from a wealthy merchant family that owned a milling and shipping business. After <mask>'s birth, the family relocated to the Pollexfen home at Merville, Sligo, to stay with her extended family, and the young poet came to think of the area as his childhood and spiritual home. His "country of the heart" became his landscape over time. <mask> stated that "by marriage with a Pollexfen, we have given a tongue to the sea cliffs". <mask> became an esteemed painter and his sisters Elizabeth and Susan Mary became involved in the Arts and Crafts movement.At the time <mask> was raised, the Protestant Ascendancy was going through a crisis of identity. The nationalist revival of the late 19th century directly disadvantaged his heritage and affected his outlook for the rest of his life, because his family was broadly supportive of the changes Ireland was experiencing. To understand the man you have to know what was happening in the world when he was twenty is manifestly true of W.B.Y. according to R. F. Foster. The power shift away from the Protestant Ascendancy shadowed <mask>'s childhood and young adulthood. The Irish Catholics became prominent around the turn of the century, after the rise of Charles Stewart Parnell and the home rule movement. His explorations of Irish identity had a significant influence on the creation of his country's biography. The family moved to England in 1867 to help their father further his career as an artist.The <mask> children were educated at home. Irish folktales and stories were entertained by their mother. <mask> was taken on natural history explorations of the nearby countryside by John. The young poet went to the Godolphin School for four years. His performance was described as "only fair" by an early school report. It's better in Latin than it is in any other subject. Very poor in spelling.He was fascinated by biology, even though he had difficulty with mathematics and languages. The family took a two-year lease on 8 Woodstock Road in 1879. For financial reasons, the family returned to Dublin at the end of the 19th century, living in Harold's Cross and Howth. <mask> went back to school at Dublin's Erasmus Smith High School. <mask> spent a lot of time at his father's studio, where he met many of the city's artists and writers. In 1885, the Dublin University Review published <mask>'s first poems, as well as an essay entitled "The Poetry of Sir Samuel Ferguson". The National College of Art and Design is where <mask> attended the Metropolitan School of Art.The family moved to 3 Blenheim Road in the middle of the 19th century. The house was rented out for £50 a year. He began writing when he was seventeen, and one of his first works was a poem about a magician who set up a throne in central Asia. A play about a bishop, a monk, and a woman accused of paganism by local shepherds are some of the pieces from this period. The early works seemed to come out of a "vast murmurous gloom of dreams" according to the critic. <mask> turned to Irish mythology and folklore after drawing heavily on the likes of Edmund Spenser. In later life, <mask> said that he was one of the "great artificers of God who uttered great truths to a little clan".John Sherman and "Dhoya" were published by <mask> in 1891. The influence of <mask> can be seen in <mask>'s theory of aesthetic, especially in his stage plays. <mask>'s play of the same name provides the template for the changes <mask> made in his play The Player Queen, which is based on the theory of masks. The family returned to London in the 19th century. The Rhymers' Club, a group of London-based poets who met regularly in a Fleet Street tavern to recite their verse, was founded by <mask> and Ernest Rhys after they joined the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn. The first anthology of the Rhymers' work was published in 1892, and the second anthology in 1894. A forgotten poem, "Vala, or, the Four Zoas", was rediscovered after he collaborated with Edwin Ellis on the first complete edition of <mask>'s works.<mask> was interested in mysticism, spiritualism and astrology. He was influenced by the writings of Emanuel Swedenborg and became a member of the "The Ghost Club" in 1911. He wrote that if he hadn't made magic, he wouldn't have written a single word of his book and The Countess Kathleen wouldn't exist. The mystical life is the center of everything I do and everything I think. His mystical interests, inspired by a study of Hinduism, formed much of the basis of his late poetry. Critics did not like this part of <mask>'s work. His first significant poem was "The Island of Statues", a fantasy work that took Edmund Spenser andShelley for its poetic models.The piece was published in the Dublin University Review. <mask> wanted to include it in his first collection, but it was deemed too long and he never published it again. The poem was published in full form for the first time by Quinx Books. His father paid for a print run of 100 copies of Mosada: A Dramatic Poem, his first solo publication. The collection The Wanderings of Oisin and Other Poems arranged a series of verse that dated as far back as the mid-1880s. R. F. Foster wrote that the title poem had "obscure Gaelic names, striking repetitions and an unremitting rhythm subtly varied as the poem proceeded through its three sections." The mist-drops hung on the trees.Our best were dead on the green. The lyrics of the Fenian Cycle of Irish mythology are the basis of "The Wanderings of Oisin". The poem took two years to complete and was one of the few works from this period that he did not disown in his maturity. One of Oisin's most important themes was the appeal of the life of contemplation over the appeal of the life of action. <mask> never attempted another long poem after the work. Poems, The Secret Rose, and The Wind Among the Reeds are some of his early poems. Althea Gyles illustrated the covers of these volumes.The Dublin Hermetic Order was formed in 1885 by <mask>. <mask> was the chairman of the society's first meeting. The Dublin Theosophical lodge was opened in conjunction with a Brahmin who traveled from the Theosophical Society in London to speak. The following year, <mask> attended his first séance. He was heavily involved with the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn. The Per Amica Silentia Lunae theorizes that a spirit calling itself "Leo Africanus" claimed to be <mask>'s Daemon. He was admitted into the Golden Dawn in 1890 and took the motto 'Devil is God inverted'.He brought in his uncle, George Pollexfen, and aunt, Florence Farr, as recruiters for the Isis-Urania Temple. He was attracted to the type of people he met at the Golden Dawn, despite his dislike for religions founded around personality cults. He was involved in the Order's power struggles, both with Farr and Macgregor Mathers, and was involved in the repossess of Golden Dawn paraphernalia. After the Golden Dawn ended, <mask> stayed with the Stella Matutina. <mask> met a young English woman named Maud Gonne, who was an ardent Irish nationalist. She claimed to have met the poet as a "paint-stained art student" and was eighteen months younger than <mask>. "The Island of Statues" was admired by Gonne and he sought out his acquaintances.She had a significant and lasting effect on <mask>' poetry and life thereafter. He admitted that "it seems to me that she brought into my life those days, the middle of the tint, a sound as of a Burmese gong, an over-powering tumult that had yet." <mask>'s reluctance to participate in her nationalist activism caused his love to be unrequited. He proposed to a woman in Ireland in 1891, but was turned down. The troubling of my life began after that point. <mask> proposed to Gonne three more times. He married the Irish nationalist Major <mask> after she refused each proposal.He had only one love affair during this period, and that was with Olivia Shakespear. <mask> was derided by <mask> in poetry and letters. He was horrified by Gonne's marriage, at losing his muse to another man, as well as her conversion to Catholicism, which offended him. He was worried that his muse would be influenced by the priests. <mask>'s marriage to Gonne was a disaster. Gonne was going to visit <mask> in London. After the birth of her son, <mask>, Gonne and <mask> agreed to end their marriage, although they were unable to agree on the child's welfare.There was a divorce case in Paris in 1905. Gonne made a number of allegations against her husband, but he did not attend court or travel to France as INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals INRDeals The only accusation held up in court was that <mask> had been drunk once during the marriage. Gonne had custody of the baby and <mask> had visiting rights. In Paris in 1908, <mask> and Gonne finally ended their friendship. One of his lovers described the event as "the long years of fidelity rewarded at last". The tragedy of sexual intercourse is the virginity of the soul according to <mask>.The relationship did not develop into a new phase after their night together, and soon afterwards Gonne wrote to the poet indicating that despite the physical consummation, they could not continue as they had been: "I have prayed so hard to have all earthly desire taken from my love for you The advantage given to artists who abstain from sex was praised by Gonne in January 1909. In his poem "A Man Young and Old," <mask> said that his arms were like a twisted thorn and that the first of all the tribe lay there. Edward Martyn introduced <mask> to Lady Gregory. Gregory convinced <mask> to keep writing drama. Although he was influenced by French Symbolism, <mask> concentrated on Irish content and this inclination was reinforced by his involvement with a new generation of younger and emerging Irish authors. The "Irish Literary Revival" movement was started by <mask>, Lady Gregory, and other writers.The Revival was spurred on by the work of scholarly translators who were aiding in the discovery of both the ancient sagas and Ossianic poetry and the more recent folk song tradition in Irish. The Love Songs of Connacht was written by Douglas Hyde, the first President of Ireland. The Irish Literary Theatre was founded in 1899 by <mask>, Lady Gregory, Edward Martyn and George Moore. The ideals of the Abbey were derived from the avant-garde French theatre, which sought to express the "ascendancy of the playwright rather than the actor-manager  l'anglais." In Ireland, the group hopes to find an uncorrupted and imaginative audience trained to listen by its passion for oratory. The tour of America <mask> took between 1903 and 1904 fueled his interest in classics and his defiance of English censorship. While delivering a lecture at the University of Notre Dame, he learned about the student production of the play.He viewed this play as hypocritical because it was banned in England. He contrasted this with the artistic freedom of the Catholicism found at Notre Dame, which allowed such a play with themes such as incest and parricide. He wanted to stage the play in Dublin. The collective was unsuccessful for two years. The Irish brothers with theatrical experience, <mask> and Frank Fay, <mask>'s secretary Annie Horniman, and the leading West End actress Florence Farr formed the Irish National Theatre Society. The Abbey Theatre opened on December 27, 1904, after they acquired property in Dublin. The opening night featured <mask>'s play and Lady Gregory's play.<mask> was a member of the board and a prolific playwright. The Dun Emer Press was set up to publish work by Revival writers. The Arts and Crafts movement inspired the Cuala Press to find work for Irish hands in the making of beautiful things. The press, which was run by the poet's sisters, produced over 70 titles, 48 of which were books by <mask>. The two poets met in 1909. He traveled to London to meet the older man, who he thought was the only poet worthy of serious study. The Stone Cottage at Ashdown Forest was where the two men wintered until 1916.The relationship got off to a rocky start when Pound arranged for the publication in the magazine Poetry of some of Yeats's verse with his own alterations. The changes reflected Pound's dislike for Victorian prosody. The scholarship on Japanese Noh plays that Pound had obtained from Ernest Fenollosa's widow provided <mask> with a model for the drama he intended to write. He dictated the first draft of At the Hawk's Well to Pound in January 1916. The emergence of a nationalist revolutionary movement from the ranks of the mostly Roman Catholic lower-middle and working class made <mask> rethink some of his attitudes. <mask> faces his own

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title: W. B. Yeats

type: paraphrased

texts: failure to recognize the merits of the leaders of the Easter Rising due to his attitude towards their ordinary background and lives. Coole Park was the home of Lady Gregory.It was a central meeting place for people who supported the resurgence of Irish literature and cultural traditions and he would often visit and stay there. There was a poem written there between 1916 and 1917. The books of Irish mythology were compiled by Lady Gregory: Cuchulain of Muirthemne and Gods and Fighting Men. He wrote that "one must not expect in these stories the epic lineaments, the many incidents, woven into one great event, let us say the War for the Brown Bull of Cuailgne." <mask> wanted a kind of traditional lifestyle articulated through poems such as 'The Fisherman'. He hid much of his revolutionary spirit and distanced himself from the political landscape until 1922, when he was appointed Senator for the Irish Free State. <mask> was a member of the Irish Republican Brotherhood.In the 1930s <mask> was interested in the anti-democratic, nationalist movements of Europe, and he composed several marching songs for the Blueshirts, although they were never used. He was a fierce opponent of individualism and political liberalism and saw the fascist movements as a triumph of public order and the needs of the national collective. He saw democracy as a threat to good governance and public order, as well as abhorred the idea of mob-rule. After the Blueshirt movement began to fail in Ireland, he distanced himself somewhat from his previous views, but still preferred nationalist leadership. He was called a minor poet by D. P. Moran. By 1916, <mask> was 51 years old and determined to marry and produce an heir. His rival, <mask>, had been executed for his role in the 1916 Easter Rising, so <mask> hoped that his widow would remarry.His final proposal to Gonne took place in 1916. A series of personal catastrophes in the previous few years of her life, including chloroform addiction and her troubled marriage to <mask>, made her a potentially unsuitable wife. <mask> proposed in an indifferent manner, with conditions attached, and he hoped she would turn him down. According to Foster, "when he asked Maud to marry him and was duly refused, his thoughts shifted with surprising speed to her daughter." At the time, Iseult Gonne was twenty-one years old. She was presented as her mother's adopted niece for the first few years of her life because she was trying to reincarnate her brother. Iseult told her mother that she hated <mask> when she heard that she was going to marry.The court heard allegations that <mask> had sexually assault Iseult when he was eleven. She proposed to <mask> at fifteen. He proposed to Iseult in 1917. <mask> proposed to George, who he had met through Shakespear, in September of 1968. Despite warnings from her friends, George can't. The two were married on 20 October. Despite <mask>'s feelings of remorse and regret during their honeymoon, their marriage was a success.Anne and Michael are the couple's children. He had romantic relationships with other women, but his wife wrote to him that she would remember how proud he was. During the first years of their marriage, she contacted a variety of spirits and guides they called "Instructors" while in a trance, experimenting with automatic writing. The spirits communicated a system of philosophy and history, which the couple developed into an exposition using phases, cones, and gyres. The material was prepared for publication as A Vision. He admitted to his publisher that he was thinking of his book of books. "For his always inspired poetry, which in a highly artistic form gives expression to the spirit of a whole nation, <mask> was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1923."He wanted to highlight the symbolic value of an Irish winner so soon after Ireland gained independence. "This honour has come to me less as an individual than as a representative of Irish literature, it is part of Europe's welcome to the Free State," he wrote in his reply. <mask> presented himself as a standard-bearer of Irish nationalism and Irish cultural independence during his acceptance lecture at the Royal Academy of Sweden. The English travelling companies hired the empty buildings of Dublin to hold plays and Irish players. The nationalism we had called up in moments of discouragement was romantic and poetical, and so we thought of everything that was romantic and poetical when we thought of these plays. The publicity from the prize led to an increase in the sales of his books. He was able to repay his father's debts because he had money for the first time.By early 1925, <mask>'s health had Stabilized, and he had completed most of the writing for A Vision, which appeared in January 1926, when he almost immediately started re-writing it for a second version. He was re-appointed for a second term in 1925 after being appointed to the first Irish Senate in 1922. The issue of divorce was seen by <mask> as a confrontation between the Roman Catholic ethos and the Protestant minority. The Irish Times countered that a measure to outlaw divorce would hurt Protestants and cause the partition of Ireland when the Roman Catholic Church weighed in with a blanket refusal to consider their anti position. In response, <mask> delivered a series of speeches that attacked the "quixotically impressive" ambitions of the government and clergy, likening their campaign tactics to those of "medieval Spain." Marriage is not a Sacrament, but the love of a man and woman, and the inseparable physical desire, are sacred. This conviction has come to us through ancient philosophy and modern literature, and it seems to us a most sacrilegious thing to convince two people who hate each other to live together.The debate was described as one of <mask>'s "supreme public moments" and began his ideological move away from pluralism towards religious confrontation. It is one of the glories of the Church in which I was born that we have put our Bishops in their place in discussions requiring legislation, and Jesuit Father Peter Finlay was described by <mask> as a man of "monstrous discourtesy". "If you show that this country, southern Ireland, is going to be governed by Roman Catholic ideas and by Catholic ideas alone, you will never get the North," <mask> warned his colleagues during his time in the Senate. He said that his fellow Irish Protestants were not "petty people". The first currency of the Irish Free State was to be a set of designs. He was aware of the symbolic power in the imagery of a young state's currency, so he sought a form that was "elegant, racy of the soil, and utterly unpolitical". <mask> was happy when the house decided on the artwork of Metcalfe, but he regretted that the compromise had led to lost muscular tension in the final images.He retired from the Senate due to ill health. After the Great Depression and the Wall Street Crash of 1929,<mask> seemed to have returned to his sympathies. He was skeptical about the efficacy of democratic government after the First World War. His admiration for Mussolini was drawn to him by his association with Pound. He wrote three "marching songs" for the Irish General. The Steinach operation was performed by Norman Haire at the age of 69. During the last five years of his life <mask> found a renewed passion for poetry and intimate relations with younger women.There were a number of romantic affairs between <mask> and other people during this time. Despite age and ill-health, <mask> remained a prolific writer, as he found erotic adventure conducive to his creative energy. "I find my present weakness made worse by the strange second puberty the operation has given me, the ferment that has come upon my imagination," <mask> wrote in 1935. It will be unlike anything I have done if I write poetry. The Oxford Book of Modern Verse was edited by him in 1936. From 1935 to 1936 he traveled to the Western Mediterranean island of Majorca with Indian-born Purohit Swami and they translated the principal Upanishads from Sanskrit into English. He died at the Htel Idéal Séjour in Menton, France, on January 28, 1939, at the age of 73.He was buried after a private funeral. Attempts had been made to stop the family from taking the remains to Ireland due to the uncertainty of their identity. His body was exhumed and moved to the ossuary. <mask> and George wanted him to be buried quickly in France and not have a lot of fuss. George said that his actual words were "If I die, bury me up there, and then in a year's time when the newspapers have forgotten me, dig me up and plant me in Sligo." The Irish Naval Service ship L Macha was used to move <mask>'s body to the churchyard. <mask> was the Minister of External Affairs for the Irish Government."Cast a cold eye on life, on death" is one of his final poems. The horseman is passing by. "Ostrorog tells how <mask>'s son Michael sought official help in locating the poet in a letter to the European director of the Foreign Ministry in Paris." <mask>, the Irish foreign minister who organised the ceremony, did not want to know the details of how the remains were collected. He tells the Irish ambassador in Paris not to be informed. The remains of <mask> were exhumed in 1946 and mixed with other remains in an ossuary. Ostrorog was authorized by the French Foreign Ministry to use his slush fund to cover the cost of repatriation.Ireland and France were embarrassed by the fact that the poet's remains were thrown into a communal grave. According to a letter from Ostrorg to his superiors, Mr Rebouillat would be able to reconstitute a skeleton presenting all the characteristics of the deceased. One of the key twentieth-century English-language poets is <mask>. He used allusive imagery and symbolic structures throughout his career. In order to suggest abstract thoughts that may seem more significant, he chose words and assembled them. His use of symbols is usually something physical that is both itself and a suggestion of other, perhaps immaterial, timeless qualities. <mask> was a master of the traditional forms.The impact of modernism on his work can be seen in the increasing abandonment of the more conventionally poetic diction of his early work in favour of the more austere language and more direct approach to his themes that increasingly typifies the poetry and plays of his middle period. The works written in the last twenty years of his life include mention of his son and daughter, as well as meditations on the experience of growing old, and his later poetry and plays are written in a more personal vein. In his poem "The Circus Animals' Desertion", he describes the inspiration for these late works, "Now that my ladder's gone, I must lie down where all the ladders start in the foul rag and bone shop of the heart." <mask>' last summer home was in County Galway, where he stayed in 1929. He lived outside Ireland most of the rest of his life, although he did own a house in Dublin. He published poetry, plays, and prose in his final years. He attended the premiere of his play at the Abbey in 1938.The Autobiographies of <mask> <mask> was published in the same year. The English translation of Rabindranath Tagore's Gitanjali was written by <mask> in 1913. <mask>'s early poetry drew heavily on Irish myth and folklore, but his later work was more contemporary, and his style underwent a dramatic transformation. His work can be divided into three periods. The early poems are lushly pre-Raphaelite in tone, self-consciously ornate, and at times, according to unsympathetic critics, stilted. <mask> wrote epic poems such as The Isle of Statues. The lyrics to his early poems are about love or mystical subjects.<mask> tried to turn himself into a Landor-style social ironist during his middle period. His middle work is described as supple and muscular in its rhythms and MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE The mystical system he began to work out for himself under the influence of spiritualism was the inspiration for <mask>'s later work. This poetry is a return to his earlier work. There is an opposition between the worldly-minded man of the sword and the spiritual minded man of God in The Wanderings of Oisin. Some argue that <mask> spanned the transition from the 19th century into the 20th century in poetry, like Picasso did in painting, while others argue that he is not in the same league. The poem "The Second Coming" is a dirge for the decline of European civilization, but it also expresses <mask>'s mystical theories and is shaped by the 1890s.The Green Helmet and Responsibilities were his most important collections. <mask>'s poetry became more powerful as he got older. Some of the most potent images in twentieth-century poetry were contained in The Tower, The Winding Stair, and New Poems. Some critics have judged <mask>'s late poetry to be lacking in intellectual credibility because of his mystical inclinations. The metaphysics of <mask>'s works must be read in relation to A Vision. The statue of <mask> Legacy <mask> was created in 1989. It was erected on the 50th anniversary of the poet's death at the corner of Stephen Street and Markievicz Road.The Royal Palace in Stockholm was remarked on by <mask> when he received his prize. The Yeats Memorial Building is located across the river. The W. B. Yeats Memorial Garden at St Stephen's Green is home to the Standing Figure: Knife Edge by Henry Moore. Balscadden House on the Balscadden Road in Howth has a plaque dedicated to <mask>. He lived in this cottage home from 1880 to 1983. The plaque was put up by the London County Council at his former residence. Marcus Paus' choral work The Stolen Child is based on poetry by <mask>.It was described as "sumptuously poetic and magically wild" by critic Stephen Eddins. Julia Stilman-Lasansky wrote a cantata. <mask> wrote 4 on text. Yeats: The Life and Works of <mask> Yeats is an exhibition at the National Library of Ireland. The Yeats Collection was created in the 19th century. There are <mask> Papers at Stuart A. The <mask> family letters are in the Rose Manuscript, Archives and Rare Book Library.The National College of Art has a rare book and manuscript

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title: William J. Oliver

texts: After the Napoleonic Wars, <mask><mask>, also known as <mask>, W. J. Richards and W. O<mask>, was a police informer and supposed agent provocateur. The Spa Fields riots of 1816 were followed by the Blanketeers demonstration in March 1817 and the Pentridge or Pentrich rising in June, which was a time when many of Britain's middle and upper classes saw. During the wars against France, the system of police informers was not censured. It was more difficult to justify in peacetime. <mask> claimed to be from Pontesbury in England in evidence to the Home Office, despite some early newspaper reports that he was Welsh. He may have been christened there. They had a son.He had been living in London for thirty years and had worked as a carpenter and builder. He said that he had lost money because he didn't do well as a builder. A person of genteel appearance and good address, nearly six feet high of erect figure, light hair, red and large whiskers, and a full face, a little pitted with the small-pox was described. His usual dress was a light fashionable brown coat, black waistcoat, dark-blue mixture pantaloons, and Wellington boots. <mask> offered his services as an informer to the Home Office on March 28, 1817. He was accepted by Lord Sidmouth and began a tour of the North and Midlands in order to obtain petitions for parliamentary reform. He told the reformers that stronger measures might be necessary and that he was going to organize a large petition.He spoke of the use of physical force in London, where seventy thousand men were ready to rise, as soon as plans were complete, because he was angry about the suspension of the Habeas Corpus Act. He wrote reports for the Home Office when he visited a number of cities. A large meeting was to be held in June in the district of Dewsbury after <mask> toured again in June. General Byng, the commander of troops in the North, gave him advance warning of the Thornhill Lees gathering after he slipped away. The meeting of would-be revolutionaries, including <mask>, was surrounded and all of them were arrested by the troops. <mask> was talking to a liveried footman named Dickinson, who he had earlier tried to recruit, a few hours later. Dickinson asked him how he had managed to escape the troops of General Byng, and he gave an embarrassed answer and hurriedly left the town.The footman admitted that he was one of General Byng's servants. <mask> was not a revolutionary, but he worked for the authorities. Edward Baines, the editor and reformer of the Mercury, was aware of the word spread. <mask> was given a lengthy cross-examination that he was lucky to survive after the rumour of treachery had reached the town. The news that <mask> was a spy did not reach Pentrich in time to stop the uprising. Three rebel leaders, including <mask>, were captured after Pentrich rose on the night of June 9, 1817. They were hanged and beheaded.The people who took part in the uprising were taken to Australia. Edward Baines claimed in a series of articles that the Pentrich events had in fact been instigated by the earlier activities of "<mask> the Spy", who had been known to the rebels. Baines claimed that the authorities had known from <mask> that the rising was about to happen, but had let it go ahead in order to advance their own political ends. Baines said that <mask> was a spy for Lord Sidmouth's Home Office. Francis Burdett read out the entire article of the newspaper on the 16th of June in the House of Commons, giving rise to debates which were repeated several times. The accusation was that <mask> the Home Office informer was the cause of the Pentrich disturbances and that they would not have taken place if it weren't for him. The responsibility for <mask>'s rle has continued since he was not present at the uprising.The use of informers was thought to be alien to the spirit of English law by a wide section of the public. Earl Fitzwilliam, the Lord Lieutenant of the West Riding of Yorkshire, blamed <mask> for the uprising in a letter to Lord Sidmouth. Every movement has taken its rise from him. The mischievous in the country consider themselves to be members of a great leading body of revolutionists in London, as well as cooperating with that body for one general purpose, and in this view to be communicated by a delegate appointed for the purpose. It does not follow that a dangerous spirit could not have been found in any breast if a person pretending to come from that body made his appearance in the country. <mask> was called the "archetype of the Radical Judas" by E. P. Thompson in The Making of the English Working Class. It was in the best interests of the authorities for <mask> to leave the political scene and move to Cape Town.<mask> arrived in Cape Town in 1820 and was thought to be a police informer. He was a builder and contractor here. Melvill recommended him as his deputy in 1821 because of his friendship with him. He worked in the Cape Town suburb of Newlands. The first designs for the English Church, St George's, for the 1820 settlers were drawn by him. On February 2, 1823, Death <mask> died as <mask> <mask> and was buried in Green Point Cemetery on the outskirts of Cape Town. He left a will, dated 10 December 1824, in which he described himself as a native of Ponsonbury, aged about fifty, and married to a woman named Dear.He left his wife and son less than 6000 guilders and a gold watch. <mask>'s activities are more important than his exposure as a spy. The public and readers of the Mercury were angry that the Penrich was allowed to continue, rather than being nipped in the bud. The public indignation generated by the spy's activities was one more step on the road to reform, and the newspaper revelations made sure of a quite different outcome to that which had been hoped for by the Home Secretary. Police informers are the subject of Charles Lamb's deeply disapproving poem of 1820, "The Three Graves", which contains the lines, "<mask> was well known to the public for his role as an informer in the Spa Fields riots." The births and deaths of English spies.

masks:
William J
. Oliver
Oliver the Spy
. Jones
Oliver
Oliver
Oliver
Oliver
Oliver
Oliver
Oliver
Oliver
William Turner
Oliver
Oliver
Oliver
Oliver
Oliver
Oliver
Oliver
Oliver
Oliver
Oliver
William Oliver
Jones
Oliver
John Castle


title: Bamber Gascoigne

texts: <mask> was an English television host and author. He was the original quizmaster on University Challenge. Gascoigne was born in London in 1935. He was the son of Lieutenant-Colonel <mask>. After graduating from Sunningdale School, Gascoigne went to Cambridge to read English literature. He turned to writing instead of becoming an actor because he found it tiring to play the same part for more than a week. He initially submitted his script to the Footlights sketch troupe, but they never performed it.He wrote a college review in his second year. He liked it so much that he put it on in the West End. It was performed by Kenneth Williams andMaggie Smith. He was a Commonwealth Fund scholar at Yale University. He was posted to Germany after spending six months guarding the Queen at Buckingham Palace. He was employed as a theatre critic after completing his National Service. They married in 1965, after he met his wife at Cambridge.Norman arrived in the early 13th century. Captain, the Hon. was the daughter of Gascoigne's mother. Lady Annabel Hungerford and Arthur O'Neil. The soldier and administrator of India Robert Clive came from the family of Laura Cicely, daughter of General Edward Henry Clive. Gascoigne's great-grandfathers were Robert Crewe-Milnes and Edward O'Neill. He was a nephew of Sir <mask>, who was in charge of the Household Division during Queen Elizabeth II's accession to the throne. The Lord Mayor of London Sir Crisp Gascoyne was a direct descendant of the elder Gascoyne.His great-great-great-grandfather was General Ernest Frederick Gascoyne of Raby Hall. The Lord Mayor's wife gave their son the name <mask>. Gascoigne was the original host of University Challenge, which was based on the US series College Bowl. He held the position for 25 years. In the initial series he set all the questions, as well as presenting the show. The manner in which he questioned was firm and polite. "Your starter for ten, no conferring, fingers on buzzers, and I'll have to hurry you" are some of the phrases he used.Gascoigne presented over 900 episodes of the show, even though it was only 13 episodes. A number of notable people appeared and went on to have successful careers, including Stephen Fry. He wasn't interested in presenting the show again when it was revived in 1994. The Young Ones parodied Gascoigne in an episode titled "Bambi" in 1984. Adrian was a regular cast member of The Young Ones. A parody of Red Dwarf was presented by Gascoigne in 1998. The actor Mark Gatiss portrayed Gascoigne in Starter for Ten.Gascoigne was the author of Murgatreud's Empire, a 1972 satirical novel about anentrepreneur who finds an island of pygmies and trades them arms for treasure, recreating the development of European medieval weaponry and armour. The play was abandoned due to the impossibility to find suitable performers for a cast of forty pygmies. The Christians, a 13-hour television documentary series on the history of Christianity, was written and presented by Gascoigne in 1977. He wrote a companion book with photography by his wife, <mask>, which was published by Jonathan Cape. A Brief History of Christianity was published in 2003 by Robinson Publishing. The 1983 account of the internationally publicised treasure hunt associated with the publication in 1979 of Kit Williams' book Masquerade was written by Gascoigne. Gascoigne witnessed the burial of a unique jewelled, solid gold hare pendant in an earthenware jar "somewhere in Britain" on August 8, 1979.The scandal associated with finding it is documented in the book. In 1987, Gascoigne presented a documentary series of six 30-minute programmes on Victorian history. The infrastructure of the modern welfare state was looked at in the programmes. In 1988, Gascoigne created and presented a quiz on the arts on the BBC. The Great Moghuls was a TV series about the Mughal Empire of India. Gascoigne's 1971 book of the same name was the basis for the series. Gascoigne established an online history encyclopedia based on British history.The internet was an opportunity to reach millions more than the book alone, and he had already published a hard copy. TimeSearch presents multiple searchable timelines from various websites. In August of last year, Gascoigne was one of 200 public figures who signed a letter to The Guardian opposing Scottish independence. Gascoigne's great-aunt Mary Innes-Ker, the Duke of Roxburghe, died in 2014, leaving an estate at West Horsley, including a country house dating from the 16th century. The Theatre in the Woods, which serves as the home base of the Grange Park Opera, was built after Gascoigne sold some of the late Duchess's possessions to restore the house. An original pencil and chalk study for the painting Flaming June by Sir Frederic Leighton was found on the back of a bedroom door. Art historians knew that a sketch was included in an art magazine in 1895, but they didn't know who owned it.The filming location for the fictional Button House has been located at West Horsley Place. Gascoigne was elected as a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature in 1976. He was a Trustee of the National Gallery, a Trustee of the Tate Gallery, a member of the council of the National Trust, and a member of the board of directors of the Royal Opera House. He was a patron of the museum. Gascoigne was married to the daughter of a civil servant for 57 years. He met her at Cambridge. They lived in London in the late 1960s.She works in ceramics, silks and other media. The couple didn't have any children. <mask> was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire for his services to the arts. He died at the age of 87 after a short illness. Stephen Fry said that Gascoigne was "such an elegant, intelligent man". Victoria Coren Mitchell said that no quiz host had ever seemed more like they could answer all the questions themselves. Twentieth Century Drama, London: Hutchinson University Library, 1968: Leda Had a Little Swan, which was canceled on the day before opening in New York, after fourteen previews.

masks:
Arthur Gascoigne
Orby Gascoigne
Julian Gascoigne
Bamber
Christina Gascoigne
Gascoigne


title: Anthony Browne (author)

texts: <mask> is a British writer and illustrator of children's books. <mask> received the Hans Christian Andersen Award in 2000. He was the Children's Laureate from 2009 to 2011. <mask> won two Kate Greenaway medals for his children's book illustrations. For the 50th anniversary of the Medal, a panel named his 1983 medalist gorilla one of the top ten winning works, which composed the ballot for a public election of the nation's favourite. <mask> was born in Yorkshire. His parents ran a pub called the Red Lion at Hellfire Corner, and he and his brother Michael grew up there.He used to draw with his father. He played a number of sports. He wanted to be a journalist, a cartoonist, or a boxer. He graduated from the college with a degree in graphic design. <mask> wanted to be a painter but was short of money and took a job as a medical illustrator. He quit his job after three years and started designing greeting cards for Gordon Fraser. He began writing and illustrating his own books after five years of designing cards.Through the Magic Mirror was <mask>'s first book and was published in 1976. Bear Hunt was more successful commercially than A Walk in the Park after it gained a cult following. His breakthrough came with Gorilla, published in 1983, based on one of his greeting cards. The Kate Greenaway medal is given to the best children's book illustration by a British subject. He won the 1992 Medal for Zoo and was a highly commended runner-up for an edition of Alice in Wonderland. <mask> has said that he is fascinated by the gnats. He was asked to present a children's programme, while sitting in a cage of gorillas, and despite being badly bitten by one of them he completed the interview before being taken to hospital.Willie is said to be based on himself. The picture book "Meiner!" was written by <mask> and Annalena McAfee. Visitors who came to stay. He won the Kurt Maschler Award "Emil" three times, which annually recognised one British work of imagination for children, in which text and illustration are integrated so that each enhances and balances the other. <mask> was the illustrator of all three books and the writer of two. <mask> received the Hans Christian Andersen Medal in 2000 for their work. <mask> was the first British illustrator to receive the award, which is the highest honour a children's writer or illustrator can win.<mask> was a writer and illustrator at Tate Britain, working with children to inspire visual literacy and creative writing activities. <mask> created and produced The Shape Game during this time. He was appointed the sixth Children's Laureate on June 9, 2009, by a panel chaired by Andrew Motion. The United States, Mexico, Venezuela, Colombia, France, Korea, Italy, Germany, the Netherlands, Japan, and Taiwan have all exhibited <mask>'s illustrations. He lives in England. <mask> was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire for his services to literature. Through the Magic Mirror, A Walk in the Park, Bear Hunt, and Look What I've Got! are works as writer and illustrator.One Gorilla, A Counting Book is a book. The Visitors Who Came to Stay is an illustration by Brothers Grimm. Who is there? An edition of the 1865 classic, highly commended for the Greenaway, is included in the picture book Kirsty Knows Best. The score was 279–90 The object lesson: picture books of <mask>. 159–2.Tony Bradman wrote " Through the magic mirror: the work of <mask>". 2–5. Inside Picture Books, Yale University Press, 1999, pp. 192–94 <mask> at Children's Book Illustration has an index at The Guardian with 14 pictures.

masks:
Anthony Edward Tudor Browne
Browne
Browne
Anthony Browne
Browne
Browne
Browne
Browne
Browne
Browne
Browne
Browne
Browne
Browne
Browne
Anthony Browne
Anthony Browne
Anthony Browne


title: Albert Rust

texts: <mask> was an American politician and slaveholder who served as a delegate from Arkansas to the Confederate States from 1861 to 1862. He was a member of the Democratic Party. He commanded infantry in the Eastern, Western, and Trans-Mississippi theaters of the American Civil War as a senior officer of the Confederate States Army. <mask> was born in Fauquier County, Virginia, to <mask> and his wife Elizabeth, but his exact birth date is not known. He moved from Virginia to Arkansas after being admitted to the bar in 1836. He bought a store near the river. He held the U.S. government contract to survey land in the new state.The county seat was moved in the 19th century. The storehouse became the courthouse because he owned the only suitable building. <mask> was admitted to the Arkansas bar after reading law. He won a seat in the Arkansas House of Representatives in 1842 and was re-elected twice. He ran for Congress in a special election. He won fourteen counties and only got third place. He was elected Speaker Pro-Tempore of the Arkansas House of Representatives in 1852.Two years later. Democrats nominated him. He went to Washington, D.C. after winning the general election. In 1856, <mask> drew attention to his efforts to oppose Nathaniel P. Banks of Massachusetts, who appeared likely to become Speaker of the House. Banks were opposed to further extension of slave territory. According to the <mask> family history, <mask> tried to make it appear that the contest over the speakership was about personal rivalries among the candidates and not about principles by introducing a compromise resolution. The true purpose was to oppose Banks's candidacy.On the day The Tribune reached Washington, <mask> accosted Greeley on the Capitol grounds and fell him with his cane. On the streets of Washington, <mask> struck again. <mask> was interested in military matters. Edward A. Warren succeeded him. <mask> won a seat in the House of Representatives in 1858 after working to regain his political reputation. His interest in military affairs continued during his second term. <mask> was a supporter of Stephen A. Douglas in the 1860 Presidential election and a strong advocate for the Union.He was a delegate to the Congress of the Confederate States after Arkansas left the Union. On July 5, 1861, <mask> received a commission as colonel and assisted Van H. Manning in recruiting and organizing the 3d Arkansas Infantry Regiment. The Third Arkansas was assigned to General Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia and became Arkansas's most celebrated Civil War unit. In the fall of 1861, <mask> and the Third Arkansas traveled to Western Virginia and took part in the Battle of Cheat Mountain. He was under the command of General Jackson during the winter. They served in almost every major battle fought in the east, including the Battle of Gettysburg, after <mask>'s promotion. On March 4, 1862, <mask> was promoted to brigadier-general and assigned to the Army of the West in Arkansas.He was in charge of troops at the Battle of Hill's Plantation. The Confederate States forces were moved east of the Mississippi River after the Battle of Pea Ridge. The Battle of Corinth, Mississippi was fought in October. He was placed in the Trans-Mississippi Department in April 1863 after being transferred back to Arkansas. He served under several Major-Generals in Arkansas and Louisiana. He moved to Austin, Texas to be with his family, who had abandoned their home in Arkansas during the Federal occupation, and spent time with his brother George W<mask> in Virginia. <mask> lived across the Arkansas River from Little Rock after the war.He was a Republican candidate for the U.S. Senate in 1869 but withdrew before Congressional Reconstruction began. He died of a brain abscess in Arkansas on April 3, 1870, while his wife and children were in Virginia. There is a dispute over his burial place. His Congressional biography states that he was buried in the Old Methodist Cemetery in Little Rock. According to some accounts, he was buried next to the Confederate monument in Oakland Cemetery. The Oakland and Fraternal Cemetery has a cenopath memorial stone. <mask> married Jane Carrington of Charlotte County, Virginia, on April 17, 1844, but she died and was buried in Hervey Cemetery in Arkansas.During the American Civil War, he married Anne Bouldin Cabell, and at least three of their children would survive to adulthood. There is a list of Confederate States Army generals, a list of people from Fauquier County, Virginia, and a list of speakers of the Arkansas House of Representatives. The High Commands of the Civil War. Sifakis, Stewart, is a writer. Who were in the Civil War? Facts On File was published in New York. The lives of the Confederate commanders.Louisiana State University Press was published in 1959. <mask> at The Political Graveyard has links to 19th-century American lawyers, American Civil War prisoners of war, and American politicians.

masks:
Albert Rust
Albert Rust
William Rust
Rust
Rust
Rust
Rust
Rust
Rust
Rust
Rust
Rust
Rust
Rust
Rust
Rust
. Rust
Rust
Rust
Albert Rust


title: Ed Bass

texts: <mask> is an American businessman, philanthropist and environmentalist who lives in Fort Worth, Texas. The artificial closed ecological system was financed by him. He is the chairman of Fine Line, an investment and venture-capital management firm in Fort Worth, and the chairman of the board of directors of the Sid W. Richardson Foundation. He was listed on the Forbes 400 list of wealthiest Americans in 2012 with an estimated net worth of $2 billion. <mask> was the second oldest of four sons and was born in Fort Worth, Texas. His father was an adviser and partner of his uncle, Sid W. Richardson. When Richardson died, he left each of the <mask> brothers millions of dollars, as well as the bulk of the family oil fortune, which was initially beset by legal problems.<mask> graduated from Yale with a bachelor's degree in administrative science. He studied for a master's degree in architecture at Yale after serving in the United States Coast Guard for a short time. The father of the four brothers graduated from Yale in 1937. He has a child named Henry Richardson <mask>. <mask> left Yale to explore the world. He spent time with a counterculture group at the Synergia Ranch in New Mexico. While in New Mexico, <mask> built the Llano Compound, a condominium in Santa Fe, and began an association with Allen that focused on ecology projects.He spent money on a hotel in Nepal, an Australian ranch, a Puerto Rican rainforest, and a performing arts center in Fort Worth. <mask> funded the project with an initial commitment of $30 million. The project was part of a ranch in the Santa Catalina Mountains. The living space was intended to be an experiment in "recreating the earth" and as a possible way to settle Mars. The project began with eight people living in an attempt to be a self-contained settlement, raising food and recycling air and water. The water and crops failed in 1994 because noxious gases built up after the environment was sealed in 1991. In April 1994 <mask> obtained a court order to "formally oust the key managers of the Biosphere and seize the premises" and dissolved the partnership, which the Los Angeles Times called a "volatile blend of New Age sophistication and corporate idealism."The science committee was dissolved in 1993 after disagreements with <mask> on questions of scientific standards. <mask> wanted Steve Bannon to be the interim chief executive officer. According to an affidavit <mask> later submitted to a Fort Worth court, the existing management refused to allow Bannon admittance to the property. After June 2003 it was turned into a research facility overseen by Columbia University. The building was leased to the University of Arizona after <mask> sold some of the land next to the project. The total cost of the project has been reported as $150 million to $200 million. The Biosphere buildings and grounds were acquired by the University of Arizona.<mask> has funded numerous projects focused on environmental conservativism and feels that it is the most effective when approached as an enterprise. rhinos and tigers were included in his investment in Nepal. He worked with the World Wildlife Fund, the New York Botanical Garden, and the National Environmental Education and Training Foundation. He is the founder of the Philecology Trust and the vice chairman of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas. He owns tens of thousands of acres of land in Kansas and has been active in donating most of it to the Nature Conservancy. <mask> is a leader in what is considered to be one of the most successful urban revitalizing efforts in America. The family started the development in 1982.In 2004, it received the Fort Worth Chamber of Commerce's "spirit of enterprise" award, which combines commercial and residential space in the central business area of Fort Worth. The Bass Performance Hall was financed without public funding. He and his family have donated more than $200 million to Yale. $12 million to WWF in 2007, $10 million to Yale University in 2017: the O.C. lecture hall will be named after them. The lecture hall is named after Othniel Charles. A professor of paleontology at Yale, Marsh received $30 million to the University of Arizona to support Biosphere 2, as well as $160 million for the renovation of the Peabody Museum of Natural History. He no longer serves on the board of Yale.There are references to 1945 births and Philanthropists from Texas.

masks:
Edward Bass
Bass
Bass
Ed Bass
Bass
Bass
Bass
Bass
Bass
Bass
Bass
Bass
Bass
Bass
Bass


title: M. Karunanidhi

texts: <mask> was an Indian writer and politician who served as Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu for almost two decades over five terms between 1969 and 2011. He was referred to as Kalaignar and Arignar for their contributions to Tamil literature. He was the Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu for over six thousand days. He was a long-standing leader of the Dravidian movement. Since his first victory in 1957, <mask> has never lost an election to the Tamil Nadu Assembly. He worked in the Tamil film industry as a writer. He wrote stories, plays, novels, and a multiple-volume memoir.On August 7, 2018, <mask> passed away at Kauvery Hospital in Chennai after a long illness. On June 3, 1924, Karunanidhi was born in Tamil Nadu. The Isai Vellalar caste is a caste of musicians that perform at temples and other social gatherings. Growing up in a caste-ridden culture, <mask> was aware of the consequences of being born into a low caste. He formed a student movement against Hindi being India's national language when he was 14. This was a start to <mask>'s anti-Hindi demonstrations. The Dravidian movement's first student wing was created by Karunanidhi as a high school student.The news paper he started in school became the official publication of the Dravidian party. At a young age, <mask> was involved in theatrical productions. He began to write for movies later on. He wrote biographies, poems and novels as a writer. He used his writing to spread his ideals. He wrote the dialogue for <mask>. <mask>'s first film as a hero was Rajakumari.He composed the dialogue for the film, Parasakthi, which promoted the Dravidian movement's socialist and rationalist ideas and criticized the exploitative caste structure which made the government try to ban the fim. He was a rationalist and critic of organized religion. In 1957, <mask> was voted to the Madras state legislature. He was the deputy leader of the opposition when the Dravidian party first entered the legislature. <mask> moved quickly through the ranks. After the death of C.N. Annadurai became the leader and Chief minister of Tamil Nadu in 1969 and led the party to victory in the 1971 Assembly elections.The rationalist and egalitarian ideology of Periyar and Annadurai influenced him. In 1975, <mask> was one of the people who fought the Emergency. In the Assembly elections of 1976, he gave the Congress 50 percent of the seats, but the partnership fell apart and MGR won. He led the party to power after MGR's death. His administration was dismissed because of their alleged links with the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam. He came to power in the state in 1996 after forming a partnership with the Tamil Maanila Congress and joining the United Front. The party allied with the party in 1999.He was arrested from his house in 2001 by the police as an act of vendetta over alleged losses in the construction of fly-overs. He won the elections with the Congress by a huge margin. He became a chief minister again. He didn't win in the Lok Sabha elections. The biggest opposition party in Tamil Nadu in 2016 was the DMK. The Tamil Nadu Assembly's biggest opposition party was made by him. Affirmative action to favour lower castes was advocated by Karunanidhi during his political career.He implemented a caste-based quota system for government employment and government school students. Other Indian states quickly adopted his initiatives. His initiatives made him popular among the lower castes. He was accused of being a member of a family. He supports the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam and other groups in Sri Lanka. He implemented a number of initiatives to promote the expansion of industry in the state. The 133-foot monument of Thiruvalluvar in Kanyakumari was built thanks to him.<mask> was born on June 3, 1924 in the village of Thirukkuvalai in Nagapattinam district, Madras Presidency, to <mask> and Anjugam. He had two older sisters. <mask> stated that C.N. influenced him to change his name to Karunanidhi because he was influenced by Dravidian and rationalist movements. Annadurai asked him to keep his birthname since it's popular among the people. Karunanidhi claimed in his writings that his family were from the Devadasi caste, a small community that traditionally played musical instruments at ceremonial occasions. Karunanidhi attended a local school. <mask>'s father wanted to teach him music.His music teachers were from the Isai Vellalar group, and the lessons were conducted in temples where he was not allowed to cover his upper body, wear slippers, or wear a cotton cloth around his hips as a sign of respect for the upper caste people. His father stopped his music classes because he couldn't tolerate learning in an environment where he wasn't treated with respect. His father paid a tuition fee of milk every morning and evening and set up special tutoring courses for Karunanidhi. The oppression of humans is based on their caste. The self-righteousness of others in carrying out their customs without realizing that they were mistreating a large majority of the people was a delight to me. He left to start his high school when he was 12. Karunanidhi started to organize school students.The deaths of two anti-Hindi activists by the police made a huge impact on him. At the age of 13, he wrote his first novel. <mask> entered politics at the age of 14 after hearing a speech by Alagirisamy of the Justice Party. He was enamored by the political writings of Tamil leaders when he was a teenager. <mask> joined the anti-Hindi protests sparked by the provincial government's legislation making Hindi-education mandatory in schools, and in 1938 organised a group of boys to hold demonstrations travelling around Tiruvarur on a cycle rickshaw. The law was repealed in 1939. After a brief flirtation with Communism, <mask> started following the work and speeches of leaders of Justice Party, Self-Respect movement and Dravidar Kazhagam.According to Karunanidhi, he joined the Periyar's movement when he saw his father rise and tie his towel to his waist as a gesture of service to the upper caste landlord. <mask> started a magazine at the age of fifteen. He and his friends would make fifty copies of the magazine and send them to the leaders of the Self-respect movement. After reading his magazine, a political activist asked him to lead the forum for peace, liberty equality and justice, and he became its elected secretary. After a blatant attempt to convert the forum into a front of the Congress party, he dissolved it. Many people refused to take the refund. The Tamil Nadu Tamil students association was started using the rest of seventy five rupee.Student leaders from Annamalai university attended the association's annual function in 1942. He pawned his mother's gold necklace, which he rarely wore, because he couldn't afford to pay for the invitees' travel and expenditures. He started <mask> to widen his publishing platform when his writings were popular in Thiruvarur. The writer and chief editor was <mask>. It had a large print run, was mailed to many Tamil political organizations, and was in the forefront of the fight against caste, sophistry, and supremacy. He wrote a piece in <mask>oli. Conservatives organized a conference in 1944 to support the varna system.He wrote an article called 'Ilamaibali' and sent it to C.N Annadurai's Dravida Nadu magazine. It was in the next issue. He walked the streets of Thiruvarur with a print in hand, persuading people to read it. He wrote an article that was never published. Annadurai arrived in Thiruvarur for a public gathering and asked for <mask>, he was stunned to find him as an 18-year-old school student. He told him to stop writing and not to send any more articles. As a student, <mask> refused to return.He failed his final exams three times. He was unable to face his family on the result day, so he went to Thopputhurai in search of Asan Abdul Kaathar. He began his career as a writer. He started staging plays in Thiruvarur. These plays were used to spread the Dravidian movement's ideology. He presented a play to raise money for his students. Despite the fact that the performance cost him Rs 200 to stage, the total amount collected was only Rs 80.He didn't know how he was going to repay the debt he had. He traveled with his friend Thennavan for Nagapattinam and met with a local leader of the Dravidar Kazhagam. Gopal sympathized with his situation but was hesitant to lend him the money so he bought the play for Rs 100. The sale of his first play made him write more ideological plays. His parents didn't approve of his writing. He was told to look for a job that would pay him at least Rs 50 per month. He didn't want to take a regular job.<mask> fell in love with a girl. He was certain that the girl was enamored with him as well. When he met the girl's parents, he and his family demanded that the wedding be performed in the presence of Brahmin priests and vedic chanting. <mask> believed in the Self-Respect movement. He worked as a play-wright after marriage with the help of R.V Gopal. The first camp for the troupe was at Villupuram, where he was joined by his friends Thennan and C.<mask>y. The attendance of Periyar and Annadurai did not bring people to see their plays.The troupe was named "Dravida Theatre group" due to their comments against the caste prejudices and hence non-Dalits boycotted it. At the time, Pondicherry was a hub for social cultural and political change. The success of his plays made people call him "Sivaguru", the name of his character. <mask> wrote "That Pen!" during his stay in Pondicherry. Gandhi and the Congress were criticized for a lost pen which angered the congress workers. He wrote a piece titled "What if Gandhi became Viceroy?" Members of the congress attacked a public gathering attended by Periyar, Annadurai, and Pattukottai Azhagirisamy.<mask> fell unconscious after being beaten and chased down. They thought he was dead when they dropped his unconscious body into the sewer. He worked as an assistant editor with Periyar's Kudi Arasu magazine in Erode for a year after being nursed back by an old woman. <mask> along with a group of Tamil enthusiasts led by Annadurai dissented from Dravidar Kazhagam and formed theDMK on 17 September 1949. The Kallakudi demonstration was the first protest that aided Karunanidhi in gaining ground in Tamil politics. The original name was Kallakudi. The state administration renamed Kallakudi "Dalmiapuram" to honor the North Indian business magnate Ram Krishan Dalmia, who owned a cement factory there.The name was changed to Kallakudi because of Ram Krishna Dalmia's depiction of north Indian hegemonic power and predatory businesses. The name Dalmiapuram was erased from the railway station and <mask> and his friends lay down on the tracks blocking the trains. <mask> was sent to jail for six months after six people died in the protest. <mask> entered the Tamil Nadu assembly at the age of 33 after winning a seat in Tiruchirapalli. The party won 45% of the votes in the 1959 elections of the Madras Municipal Corporation. He was elected as the treasurer of the party. On February 21, 1962, <mask> was elected to the state assembly for the second time from the Thanjavur constituency.He defeated A.Y.S. Parisutha Nadar is a person. He became the leader of the opposition in the state assembly. <mask> was aware of the need for a regular engagement with party members. He sent letters to his party members every day for fifty years. The Anti-Hindi Agitations began in Tamil Nadu after the Union government decided to make Hindi the official language. The action was declared a day of mourning by the Dravidian party, led by Annadurai.Chants of 'Hindi Ozhiga, Tamil Vaazhga' were heard all over the place. Several people in the state set themselves on fire. On February 16, 1965, <mask> was arrested and sentenced to six months imprisonment at the Central Prison in Palayamkottai. He was released on April 15, 1985. Karunnanidhi was declared a candidate for the February 1967 Madras Legislative Assembly election by the Minister of state Annadurai. The party's election campaign received 11 lakh rupee from <mask>. In February 1967, Annadurai became the Chief minister after the Dravidian party was elected with an absolute majority.The Minister of Tamil Nadu Public Works Department was appointed after <mask> was elected to the Assembly. Tamil Nadu was rechristened as Madras State on January 14, 1969. The five ministries that <mask> was in control of at the time were transportation, public works, highways, ports, and minor irrigation. The existing chief minister Annadurai died of cancer on February 3, 1969 <mask> was chosen to lead the party. He was the legislative assembly leader of the party. <mask> was sworn in as chief minister on February 10, 1969 by Governor Ujjal Singh.The position of leader of the Dravidian party had been vacant since Annadurai's tenure in honour of Periyar. Annadurai's Cabinet was kept by <mask>. The ministries of the late Annadurai and Nedunchezhiyan were taken on by <mask>. He once found himself in a difficult situation in the state Assembly when members of the Congress party and Rajagopalachari's Swatantra Party hammered him and his amateur ministers with hard questions. The new government was described by HV Hande as third rate. This is a fourth-rate government, <mask> exclaimed. The house was startled.Some people thought Karunanidhi admitted to the incompetence of the government. The government of Shudras, the lowest caste in the caste hierarchy, enraged the opposition. The letters began with the words "Udan pirappe" (My blood brothers). The letters covered a wide range of themes, including the DMK's philosophy, his justifications for various party actions, and encouragements to party members to work very hard throughout electoral campaigns. Between 1969 and 2016 <mask> sent around 7,000 letters to party leaders. They were published in seven volumes. The State Autonomy Conference in Madras on 12 September 1970 was chaired by Karunanidhi and was attended by many

masks:
Muthuvel Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
M G
MGR
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Muthuvel
Karunanidhi
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Murasoli
Karunanidhi
Muras
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
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T Murth
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
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Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi


title: M. Karunanidhi

texts: politicians.He granted legal status to self-respect marriages and implemented a number of other programs aimed at protecting women and children. The Sattanathan commission was established in 1969 to give representation to underprivileged groups in government employment and educational institutions. The "Manu Needhi Thittam" mandated that district officials set aside a day every week to hear public grievances. The Tamil Nadu Slum Clearance Board was founded in 1970 by <mask>. In 1970, he proposed the Tamil Nadu Land Reforms (Reduction of Ceiling on Land) Act, which cut the maximum amount of land a family could possess to 15 standard acres. In March 1971, <mask> formed an alliance with the Congress to stop her party from contesting in any Assembly seats. In March 1971, the Assembly and the Lok Sabha are up for election.The alliance led by Kamaraj and Rajagopalachari was defeated. The candidates of the Dravidian party captured 184 of the 234 seats on the ballot. <mask> was re-elected as Tamil Nadu's Chief Minister. He won the election from Saidapet. <mask>. was dismissed by the Chief Minister. The person is from the party. 26 of the executive council's 31 members requested that he make this decision.At a public platform, <mask> described the decision as painful. He was accused of breaking party rules. <mask> said he was banned because he demanded the party's finances. The finances were submitted to the executive committee. <mask> wanted to be Health Minister but <mask> was unwilling to satisfy him. MGR founded the ADMK. <mask> said in 1970 that he would "eliminate the thorn in the heart" of Periyar.The decree made it possible for people of all castes to become priests. The Supreme Court overturned this decision in 1972. Governors raised the national flag in state capitals on both Republic Day and Independence Day. The Chief Ministers were ignored on Independence Day and Republic Day according to Karunanidhi. In view of the Rajamannar Committee's report on Centre-State relations being submitted at the time, he was reinforcing his call for State autonomy. In July, Prime Minister Indira Gandhi announced that Chief Ministers would now hoist the flag on Independence Day, while the Governors would do so on Republic Day. The first Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu to raise the national flag was Karunanidhi.<mask> launched the "Beggar rehabitation scheme" on his 48th birthday in 1971 and begged for funds for the scheme from shopkeepers near his residence. It was an insult to the country and society that made him a beggar. <mask> established the Government Servants' Family Benefit Fund Scheme to give financial compensation to an employee's relatives if he loses his job due to permanent complete disability, medical incapacity, or death. The reservation for BC was increased from 25% to 31% in 1971. The first such ministry in the country was established by <mask>. Women were the first to join the police force. He refused to allow the Emergency's on Tamil Nadu for seven months until his administration was ousted.<mask> was the first one to ally with the Janata Party. <mask> said that this would be his final public function as Chief Minister. He was dismissed before he got home. 50 days before his tenure ended, this happened. The party suffered a lot of damage after it was dismissed. <mask>'s close relatives and friends were imprisoned. M.K Stalin had health issues due to torture and C. Chittibabu died trying to save him.The 200 rupee a month was sent to the families of the imprisoned members of the party. After allegations of corruption were made by MGR, a one-man commission was established by the Supreme Court judge. The investigation was an act of political vendetta. The claims were described as "cogent, convincing, and reliable" by the commission. There were no corruption charges against him. In the 1977 Indian general election, the leader of the opposition alliance won 34 seats. The general secretary and Nedunchezhiyan quit accusing <mask> of the party's failure in the general elections.<mask> became the leader of the opposition after the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election in 1977. The supporters of the Dravidian party yelled "Go back, Indira!" on 29 October 1977. She left the Madras airport for dissolving the government. The black flag barrier in Madurai prevented Gandhi's vehicle from passing through. The police prohibition in Madras was violated by <mask>. The next day, <mask> and other leaders of the party were held in judicial custody. MGR gave a hand to the <mask> Desai government.When she returned to power, she immediately dissolved MGR's cabinet. In the Indian general election and Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election, the state voted for the same party. The Chief Minister was re-elected. <mask> was re-elected from Anna Nagar consistency. In protest of the state's failure to defend the Eelam Tamils in Sri Lanka, <mask> and Anbazhagan resigned from the State Assembly. <mask> held a major national conclave in Madurai in 1986 to promote the Tamil aspiration for self-determination. In February 1982, <mask> embarked on a week-long padayatra from Madurai to Tiruchendur in order to seek justice for a Hindu Religious and Charitable Endowments Department officer who was found dead.He was accused of being assassinated to cover up misappropriation in the Tiruchendur temple. The victim died by suicide, but the Chief Minister said it was an assassination. <mask> stopped for lunch in small towns along the way as he walked over 30 kilometres. He gave speeches in the evening. It became a topic of discussion in every family when the number of people joining the padayatra grew. The committee was chaired by a retired judge. Paul.The Assembly never received the conclusions of the panel. The panel's conclusion that Pillai had not committed suicide was revealed by <mask> after he obtained a copy of the study. Congress abandoned its ally, the Dravidian party, after it won the election in 1980. The 1984 elections were held against the backdrop of the assassination of Prime Minister Indira Gandhi. The sympathy generated for MGR who was undergoing aKidney transplant in New York resulted in the victory of the allies in both the Lok Sabha and the State Assembly. In April 1984 <mask> was elected to the legislative council. The MLC was abolished in 1986 by the Chief Minister.The seven-party National Front was formed in Chennai in October 1988. He supported the announcement of the Mandal Commission Report with a plea for social justice. On 17 September 1988, he organized a large rally in Chennai and a public meeting to commemorate the formation of the National Front. It was the biggest rally Chennai has ever seen. The inauguration was attended by 20 top national opposition leaders. After a 13-year break, the DMK returned to power in 1989. The AIADMK split into two after MGR's death.The wife of the late Chief Minister led one of the groups. The majority of the seats was secured by the Dravidian party with about 33% of the vote. Karunandihi was re-elected as Chief Minister for the third time. Tamil Nadu was allowed to be a rear base for the battle for Eelam by Karunanidhi. <mask> refused to receive the soldiers who were accused of rape and massacre of Tamils. The Chandra Shekhar led union government placed the <mask> administration under presidents rule due to its inability to act against Tamil militancy. The government was dismissed despite Governor S.S. Barnala's refusal to report that Tamil Nadu's constitutional apparatus had broken down.Financial assistance was given to widows and inter-caste weddings. The law giving equal rights to women in family properties was passed in 1989. Tamil Nadu became the first state to reserve 30% of government jobs for women. After announcing on 17 November 1990 that his government would give free power connection, he followed it up with a Government Order giving power connection to 12.40 lakh farmers. Women's self-help groups were first established in 1989 in Dharmapuri to increase self-employment opportunities. <mask> separated reservation for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in 1990. The assassination of Rajiv Gandhi was carried out during the electoral campaign for the 1991 Indian general elections.The properties of the members and functionaries of the DMK were vandalised. The Congress and theAIADMK worked together to spread propaganda that the Dravidian party was behind the assassination of Rajiv Gandhi. In the Assembly elections on June 24, 1991, the AIADMK-Congress coalition won a decisive win, and the first Chief Minister for the party was J.Jayalalithaa. Except for <mask>, all the other candidates lost. The Kar sevaks were criticized after the demolition of the Babri Masjid. "What does Kar Seva mean?" <mask> asked in Murasoli on December 5, 1992. God's service?Is it the service of planting the seeds of unrest? In 1996, he formed an alliance with the Tamil Maanila Congress, led by G.K<mask>, and was elected Chief Minister for the fourth time. He joined the United Front government. In the 1991 elections, <mask>'s party got 173 MPs, nine more than theAIADMK had the year before. <mask> made his most significant ideological concession in 1999. The DMK joined the National Democratic Alliance to portray Atal Bihari Vajpayee as a softer ideological character than LK Advani. The National Democratic Alliance won.Following the support of the BJP by the Dravidian party, the other parties withdrew. He was under increased pressure from both within and outside of the party. In the wake of the 2002 Gujarat riots, <mask> stated that the Dravidian party had no intention of forming an alliance with the saffron party. We are not affiliated with the party. We are both members of the NDA. It's all over. Where is the matter of forming an alliance with the saffron party?A Raja said that Karunanidhi regretted the alliance. He was 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 Private school and college students were given a 50% discount on the free bus pass system introduced by Karunanidhi in 1996. The Uzhavar Sandhai plan was devised by Karunanidhi in 1999 to promote farmer-to-consumer communication and remove the middleman. In order to eliminate caste-based segregation, he opened the Samathuvapuram (Equality Village) schemes in 145 places in Tamil Nadu in 1998. The IT revolution was accelerated by his administration. Madras was renamed to reflect Tamil identity by Karunanidhi.The initiative gives free education for the first graduate in a family up to their graduation. The rickshaw-pullers were given alternative work after his decision to phase out hand-pulled rickshaws. The marriage assistance scheme was introduced for poor women. 33% reservation for women in local government was introduced by his government. He was in charge of almost all of the state's major infrastructure projects, including the Tidel Park, the Coimbatore flyover, the Koyambedu bus terminal, and the Anna Centenary Library. On December 31, 1975, during a state cabinet meeting led by <mask>, a plan was approved to build a statue of Thiruvalluvar at Kanyakumari. The state was placed under President's Rule after the dismissal of the administration.He resurrected the project during his next term. He stated that a 133-foot-tall monument of Thiruvalluvar will be built in Kanyakumari. The project was launched six months later. He reclaimed power in May 1996. The monument was unveiled on New Year's Day 2000. The Tamil Nadu legislative assembly elections in 2001 were won by the Tamil Maanila Congress, the Congress(I), the Pattali Makkal Katchi, the Communist Party of India, and other parties. <mask> assumed that the DMK would be re-elected because of its good performance.His government's performance was praised by voters but not voted on. <mask> won the election. He was the leader of the DMK from 2001 to 2006 The leader of the opposition was K. Anbazhagan. He was arrested on the orders of J.Jayalalithaa in the midnight of June 30, 2001 for his alleged involvement in the construction of flyovers. He was arrested after a few hours after the complaint. Sun TV broadcasted these images live across the state and the cops busted open his bedroom door and hauled him out.The images of <mask> falling, being dragged, being lifted up and pushed by the police created a sympathy wave for him. Two Union ministers were also taken into custody. They did not have a summons, said Karunanidhi. They did not have an arrest warrant. They said these were unnecessary. They dragged me. They pushed me.They ripped my shirt. When we arrested her, we treated her with respect. The Union Law Minister said it was a case of personal agenda. The allegations against the Union ministers were dismissed. On humanitarian grounds, <mask> was released on bail. The police dropped the case due to a mistake of facts. The Prevention of Terrorism Act was not revoked by the Union government, which led to <mask> leaving the coalition.The Congress party won all 39 seats of the Parliament from Tamil Nadu in the general elections. On 8 May 2006 <mask>'s administration became the first minority administration in Tamil Nadu's history, and soon after declared a price cut for rice and the waiver of cooperative farmer loans, two of the DMK's main electoral promises. The alliance of the Communist Party of Malayalee, the Congress, and the Communist

masks:
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
M G
Karunanidhi
MGR
MGR
Karunanidhi
M Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
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Morarji
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
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Karunanidhi
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Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi


title: M. Karunanidhi

texts: Party of India made up the single largest party in the Assembly with 96 seats. <mask> won a seat. In January 2009, <mask> threatened to leave the ruling alliance if India did not help in securing a cease-fire in the Sri Lankan civil war. The DMK formed 30 welfare boards in 2006 to lobby for the rights of disadvantaged and marginalized people who may not have political influence or form voting groups. The 'Anaithu Grama Anna Marumalarchi Thittam' was introduced in 2006 by Karunanidhi.The free land distribution scheme was implemented for the benefit of the landless poor. The value of the ramp was seen by Karunanidhi as a wheelchair user. All new government buildings must have an elevator and a ramp. 3% of government jobs were reserved for the physically challenged. In January 2007, he launched the free gas connection distribution scheme. He said in September 2008 that 1 kilo of rice would be offered at 1 at the stores. There was a special quota of 3 percent for the Arunthathiyar community.The temple was built as a mark of thanks to Kalaignar. In 2009, <mask> launched the "Kalaignar Kapitu Thitam" to give people from economically disadvantaged background access to quality medical treatments. 3 out of 5 people in the state have medical insurance because of this scheme. The "Kalaignar Veetu Vasathi Thittam" was introduced in 2010 to convert thatched huts to concrete houses. Many universities were established, highways and flyovers were built, and he implemented the construction of new Collectorates in nine districts. The bus terminal in Koyambedu is the largest in Asia. Financial help for pregnant mothers was one of his health-care initiatives.Multiple medical camps were held around the state as part of the Varumun Kappom Thittam initiative. The poor women who use wood stove-kerosene stove will be provided with free gas connection as a result of the scheme. The AIADMK alliance won 203 seats in the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election in 2011. Karunanidi won the Tiruvarur Assembly constituency by a huge margin. After the defeat, M<mask> said, "People have given me proper rest." After his and his wife's deaths, the Annai Anjugam Trust would manage a free hospital for the underprivileged. The Dravidian party lost 1.5 per cent votes in the Tamil Nadu Assembly Elections.<mask> won from Tiruvarur constituency with a margin of over 68,000 votes. <mask>'s son M.K Stalin was made the working president of the party due to his poor health. <mask>aivar", the leader of the Tamil race, and he was close to many Sri Lankan Tamil politicians. <mask> issued a resolution at the council in Chidambaram against the 'Sinhala Only policy'. He knew S.J.V. The head of the Tamil United Liberation Front was close to him. After the anti-Tamil pogrom of 1977 and the anti-Tamil pogrom of 1983, his administration was at the forefront of organizing protest demonstrations in Tamil Nadu.<mask> and Anbazhagan resigned from the Assembly because of the riots. The Tamil Eelam Liberation Organization was thought to be supported by the Dravidian party. In May 1986 <mask> was skeptical of the strategy of the Tamil militant group TELO. <mask> founded the Tamil Eelam Supporters Organisation (TESO) and held a large national conference in Madurai in May 1986 to emphasize the Tamil aspiration for sovereignty in Sri Lanka. The majority of the TELO members were killed by the LTTE. The infighting was criticized by Karunanidhi. His constant attempts to convey the need for an unified front to the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam were ignored.<mask> was accused of being anti-national for his criticism of the atrocities committed by the Indian peace keeping forces in Sri Lanka. The Chandrasekhar government dismissed his cabinet in January 1991 after he failed to act against the LTTE in the state. He was not friendly with the sympathizers of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam after the assassination of Rajiv Gandhi. He provided funds to repair deteriorated dwellings after ordering a special investigation of the conditions in the Tamil refugee camps. The UPA alliance was unable to intervene during the final stages of the war. <mask> expressed his admiration for Thiruvalluvar. There is a memorial in Chennai dedicated to Valluvar.The memorial was to be opened weeks before the government was removed. After 13 years, <mask> finally visited the memorial and held the swearing-in ceremony there. The Silappadikaram Art Gallery was built by <mask> as Chief Minister. Tamil was made compulsory in all schools until Class 10th after he became Chief Minister. English is the sole additional language in educational institutions according to <mask>, a supporter of the two-language formula. His government decided in 1972 that he was born in 31 BCE. The preservation of classical language status to Tamil in 2004 was made possible by Karunanidhi and Gandhi.He gave a special address on the first day of the 3rd World Tamil Conference held in Paris in 1970, and on the first day of the 6th World Tamil Conference held in Kuala Lumpur in 1987. The official theme song for the World Classical Tamil Conference 2010 was penned by him. The World Classical Tamil Conference was held in June of 2010. The IATR organisation that had the right to conduct the conference was not happy with the new name of the conference. Tamil was described as supreme by Karunanidhi in the conference. Tamil should be recognized as a language of the Madras High Court. World Classical Tamil Conferences will be held at periodic intervals in the future and will be based in Madurai, as announced by Karunanidhi.To develop connections with Tamil organizations throughout the world. <mask> was a screenwriter in the Tamil film industry. Rajakumari was his first movie as a writer. The friendship between him and M. G. Ramachandran turned into a rivalry in later years politics. Jupiters Pictures housed him at Central Studios where he worked on another MGR film. The film Manthiri Kumari would become a hit and was written by <mask>. <mask> was on permanent rolls at Modern Studio.<mask> decided to write a script for a TV series. He claimed that his party was against Hindu fundamentalism. Parasakthi was a turning point in Tamil cinema as it promoted the ideologies of the Dravidian movement and introduced two prominent actors of Tamil filmdom. The movie faced controversy but was eventually released in 1952. The movie contained elements that criticized Hinduism. The story condemned Tamil Nadu's social disparity, India's power difference between South and the North, and the moral corruption of the Hindu priestly caste. The upper caste Hindus wanted to ban the movie.The two other movies written by Karunanidhi were directed by famous comedians N. S. Krishnan and Thangarathnam. The movies had themes such as widow remarriage, abolition of untouchability, self-respect marriages, abolition of zamindari and abolition of religious hypocrisy. <mask> is known for its crisp dialogues and is a hit movie. He quickly rose as a popular politician because of his wit and oratorical skills. Two of his plays were banned in the 1950s because of increased censorship as his movies and plays became popular. He was famous for writing stories about the socialist and rationalist ideals of the Dravidian movement. He began using Tamil cinema to spread his political ideals.His compositions were seen as revolutionary because they made heroes out of the poor and advocated secularism. <mask> was a writer for Jupiter Pictures at the age of 20. His first film, Rajakumaari, gained him a lot of popularity. His skills as a scriptwriter were developed here. When he last wrote for a movie, he was active in screenwriting. As a writer, Ponnar Shankar wrote Ilaignan, Pen Singam, Uliyin Osai, Kannamma, <mask> <mask>n, Puthiya Parasakthi, <mask> <mask>hi, and Kavalukku Kettikaran. <mask> <mask>, <mask> <mask>, Poomalai, Kaanchi Thalaivan, Iruvar Ullam, Thayilla Pillai, Arasilangkumari, and Ellorum Innaattu <mask> are some of the notables.His contributions include poems, letters, screenplays, novels, biographies, historical novels, stage-plays, dialogues and movie songs. He has written many poems, essays and books. <mask> has contributed to the Tamil language through art and architecture. Kalaignar gave an architectural presence to Thiruvalluvar through the construction of Valluvar Kottam. <mask> built a statue of the scholar at Kanyakumari. There are books written by Karunanidhi. There are more than 100 books of prose and poetry by him.<mask>'s stage plays include <mask>dam, Ore Ratham, Palaniappan, Thooku <mask>, Kagithapoo, Naane Arivali, Vellikizhamai, Udhayasooriyan and Silappathikaram. <mask> married three times. <mask>'s parents wanted to marry him to the sister of C.S Jayaraman. There was a condition that the bride side must accept. He hoped they would call off the marriage as he was not earning and the bride's father was religious but their family agreed to their marriage also held the marriage of their son C.S Jayaraman the same day. He married Padmavathi Ammal on 13 September 1944 under the Dravidian movement's Self-Respect form of marriage. M. K<mask> was active in Tamil films and politics.After giving birth, Padmavathi died. <mask> had three sons, M. K. Alagiri, M. K. Stalin and M. K. Tamilarasu, and a daughter. Stalin and Alagiri competed to be their father's political successors before Stalin prevailed. Tamilarasu and Selvi were both campaigning for <mask> in the elections. <mask> had a daughter with Rajathi Ammal. The left eye of Karunanidhi was critically injured when the vehicle in which he was travelling got involved in an accident. Doctors told him to wear sunglasses to protect his eyes from the sun after he had an eye surgery.<mask> switched to his trade-mark dark glasses in 1971 after American ophthalmologists recommended that he have his left eye examined. The dark glass frames were too heavy for him and he was advised to have a lighter frame. Since 2004, he has had to deal with his declining health and has had to use a wheelchair. After a few years, he upgraded to a motorized wheelchair and a van with a system to raise the chair into or out of the vehicle. <mask> became unwell in October 2016 due to a drug-allergic reaction. He was hospitalized in the first week of December 2016 for "optimization of nutrition and hydration" and subsequently for a throat and lung infections. He had a surgery to improve his breathing.Since then, he has stayed out of politics. His last public appearance was when he was 94. <mask> was admitted to Kauvery Hospital in Chennai for treatment after his health deteriorated and he became extremely critical and unstable. He died due to age-related illness, which led to multiple organ failure. The Tamil Nadu government declared a public holiday and a seven-day mourning after the death of Karunanidhi. The government of India announced a national mourning on August 8. The national flag was flown at half-mast in Delhi, all state capitals and across Tamil Nadu.One day and two days state mourning were announced by the governments of Bihar and Karnataka. A solatium of Rs 200,000 was announced for the families of the party workers who died as a result of <mask>'s death. He received awards and titles from Annamalai University. He received an award for his book Thenpandi Singam. On December 15, 2006 the Governor of Tamil Nadu and the Chancellor of Madurai Kamaraj University gave an honorary doctorate to the Chief Minister. In June 2007, the Tamil Nadu Muslim Makkal Katchi announced that it would confer the title "Friend of the Muslim Community" upon M. <mask>. <mask> won all of the Tamil Nadu Assembly general elections since 1957 except for 1984 when he didn't contest the election.He resigned immediately after being elected in 1991, due to his party's poor showing. In September 2007, Ram Setu, a member of the legislature, said that the party opposed the project because it claimed to be the remains of a bridge built by Ram to save his wife. He said that there was a God called Ram. He built the bridge. I don't know who this Ram is. Which engineering college did he attend? His comments caused a controversy.He warned the union government to surrender to communal forces and blamed Sri Lanka and communal elements for stalling the long-cherished dream of Tamils. "We would like to know from Karunanidhi if he would make a similar statement against the head of any other religion," said the CPM general secretary. It's okay to voice an opinion. The house of Selvi, Karunanidhi's daughter, was attacked with petrol bombs and stones. Two people were burnt alive when a bus was set on fire in Bangalore. The police said Hindu activists were 888-609- 888-609- 888-609- 888-609- 888-609- were 888-609- 888-609- 888-609- 888-609- 888-609- 888-609- were 888-609- 888-609- 888-609- 888-609- were 888-609- 888-609- 888-609- were 888-609- 888-609- 888-609- were 888-609- 888-609- were 888-609- 888-609- were 888-609- 888-609- were 888-609- 888-609- were 888-609- 888-609- were 888-609- 888-609- were 888-609- were 888-609- 888-609- were 888-609- were 888-609- Karunanidhi said the attacks showed the true culture of Ram Sevaks.In an interview with NDTV in April 2009, <mask> said that he was a good friend of the leader of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam. An interim report of Justice Jain Commission, which oversaw the investigation into the assassination of Rajiv Gandhi, indicted <mask> for abetting the killers. There were no allegations in the final report. Some members of <mask>'s party have been accused of trying to promote nepotism. The rise of M. K. Stalin in the party has been criticized. Stalin has come up on his own according to some of the party men. Stalin was imprisoned under the Maintenance of Internal Security Act during the Emergency and a fellow prisoner died trying to save him.Thenpandi needhi thenpandi singam, thenpandi singam, thenpandi singam, thenpandi singam, thenpandi singam, thenpandi singam, thenpandi singam, thenpandi singam, thenpandi singam Yaaral?

masks:
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
. Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhithal
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Manohara
Karunanidhi
Mannin
Maindha
Madurai
Meenaks
Marakka
Mudiyumaa
Mani
Magudam
Mannar
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Manimagu
Medai
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
. Muthu
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi