title: Francis II, Duke of Brittany

texts: The Duke of Brittany from 1458 to his death was <mask> of Brittany. John IV was the Duke of Brittany. The quest to maintain the independence of Brittany from France was a recurring theme in <mask>' life. His reign was characterized by conflicts with King Louis XI of France and with his daughter, Anne of France, who served as regent during the minority of her brother, King Charles VIII. The War of the Public Weal and the Mad War have been called the "War of the Public Weal" and "la Guerre Folle", respectively. <mask> was born on June 23, 1433, to Richard of Brittany, Count of tampes and his wife, Margaret of Orléans. Duke John IV of Brittany's youngest son was Richard of Brittany.John V and Arthur III succeeded their father as duke, but Arthur's nephew was the legitimate heir after <mask> and Peter II died in 1450 and 1457 respectively. Duke <mask> II became the protector of England's House of Lancaster in exile after a relationship with the English royalty. The House of York and the House of Lancaster fought for the English throne during the last half of the 15th century. The Yorkists defeated their rivals in the battles of Barnet and Tewkesbury. Henry VI of England and his son Edward died in the Battle of Tewkesbury. The House of Lancaster didn't have a direct claim to the throne after their deaths. Edward IV of England was the Yorkist king.Jasper Tudor and his nephew Henry Tudor were named traitors and confiscating their lands after they refused to submit to his rule. Strong winds in the English Channel forced the Tudors to land at Le Conquet in Brittany, where they were taken into custody. King Edward IV regarded Henry Tudor as a nobody because he had a weak claim to the throne. <mask> kept the Tudors under his protection because he thought Henry was a good tool to bargain for England's aid. Jasper Tudor, Henry Tudor, and the core of their group of exiled Lancastrians were all housed by him. <mask> supported the group of exiled Englishmen against the demands of the Plantagenet. Henry Tudor tried to invade England from Brittany.Duke <mask> II provided 40,000 gold crowns, 15,000 soldiers, and a fleet of transport ships. Henry's ship reached the coast of England with only one other vessel after his fleet was scattered by a storm. The men of the new Yorkist king, Richard III of England, were on the shore when Henry decided to abandon the invasion and return to Brittany. Henry's main conspirator in England, Henry Stafford, Duke of Buckingham, was beheaded on November 2, 1483, after he was convicted of treason and sentenced to death. Without the Duke of Buckingham or Henry Tudor, the rebellion was easily crushed. Henry Tudor's claim to the throne was supported by survivors of the failed uprising who fled to Brittany. Henry married King Edward IV's daughter, Elizabeth of York, on Christmas Day in 1483 in order to unite the warring houses of York and Lancaster.King Richard III was a great threat due to Henry's rising prominence, and the Yorkist king made several overtures to Duke <mask> II to surrender the young Lancastrian. <mask> II wanted better terms from the King. Pierre Landais took over the reins of government in the mid-1484's when <mask> was sick. Landais reached an agreement with King Richard III to send Henry and his uncle Jasper back to England in exchange for a pledge of 3,000 English archers to defend Brittany against a French attack. The Tudors were warned about the scheme by John Morton. Hours ahead of Landais' soldiers, the Tudors escaped across the border into France. They were given resources by the court of King Charles VIII of France.After <mask> II recovered, he offered the 400 remaining Lancastrians safe-conduct into France and even paid for their expenses. The French wanted to prevent King Richard III from interfering with their plans to acquire Brittany. The loss of the Lancastrians was against the interests of <mask>. King Stephen of England named Alan of Penthivre of Brittany the 1st Earl ofRichmond. The Dukes of Brittany received the title and its possessions after the reign of John IV, which ended in 1399. Edmund Tudor, Henry Tudor's father, was given the title Earl ofRichmond by the English kings after John IV. The Earl ofRichmond would continue to be used by the dukes of Brittany from John V through <mask> II.It is possible that <mask> willed his claims to the earldom to Henry Tudor. After gaining the English crown, Henry VII merged the earldom and its possessions into the crown. The relationship between King Louis XI Louis XI and the French royalty was known as a cunning adversary and a master at diplomacy. His nickname was "The Universal Spider" because of his constant political scheming. <mask> II joined the League of the Public Weal. The alliance of feudal nobles was formed in 1465 in defiance of the centralized authority of King Louis XI of France, who wanted to enlarge the French royal domain by annexing all of the duchies. The Count of Charolais was the son of the Duke of Burgundy and the brother of the Duke of Berry.The Imperial lands of Holland, Brabant, and Luxembourg were included in the fiefs of the Duchy of Burgundy in 1467. Charles wanted to create a kingdom of his own between France and Germany, approximating the former domain of the Frankish Emperor Lothair I. In pursuit of this goal, Charles was killed at the Battle of Nancy against René II and a hired army of Swiss mercenaries, and Louis was saved from his greatest adversary. The League of the Public Weal was defeated in the Kingdom of France and absorbed into the great Duchy of Burgundy. The fortunes of <mask> and Brittany would continue to decline after Louis XI's death in 1483, as his daughter Anne of France would serve as regent for Charles VIII. During the minority of Charles VIII of France, the Regency of Anne of France was anxious to maintain his duchy's independence. He aligned himself with Louis, the Duke of Orléans and Charles, Count of Angoulme, against Anne of France.She pursued the same politics towards Brittany as her father. <mask> neglected his own realm in focusing on relations with France. Guillaume Chauvin, the corrupt and oppressive prime minister who was overthrown by Pierre Landais in 1477, died in prison on April 5, 1484. Anne and Charles bribed a large part of the nobility in order to subjugate Brittany. Landais was hanged in 1455 after these nobles succeeded in ousting him. The heir and successor to <mask>' daughter Anne were confirmed by the Estates of Brittany in 1486. In 1487, the Treaty of Chateaubriant was signed by France and Brittany.The Treaty of Chateaubriant did not stop the French from harassing the Duchy. Louis II de la Trémoille was the leader of the French royal army. <mask> allied with the Holy Roman Emperor, Maximilian I, against France. The king of Spain supplied 5000 troops to reinforce the Breton army, which was reinforced by a rebel lord. Edward Woodville, Lord Scales, brought over a force of archers from Britain. Brittany was defeated in the Battle of Saint-Aubin-du-Cormier. The power base of the warring noble leaders was destroyed as Edward Woodville was killed and Louis of Orléans and Jean were captured.The Marchal de Rieux played an important part in continuing the conflict after they escaped. On 10 August, <mask> was forced to sign a treaty. The duke was forced to submit himself and his duchy to the king of France, and to expel foreign princes and troops from Brittany. His ability to marry his children to people of his choice was restricted and he had to cede territory in Saint-Malo, Fougres, Dinan, and Saint-Aubin to the king in order to have a male successor. <mask> died a few months later as a result of a fall from his horse. The treaty was used to force Anne of Brittany to marry Charles VIII and Louis XII because she was his successor. Anne married Charles VIII in December 1491, three more years after <mask>'s death, despite the French victory and the signing of the treaty.<mask> II is buried in the cathedral. Anne commissioned his tomb to be an example of Renaissance sculpture in France. <mask> II was married twice. Margaret of Brittany was his first wife and she was the daughter of <mask>, Duke of Brittany. Margaret of Foix was the second wife of Count of Foix and Queen Eleanor of Navarre. Anne of Brittany was his only legitimate heir and they had two children. She died young and was buried at the Rennes Cathedral.The former mistress of King Charles VII of France had five illegitimate children with <mask> II. <mask> had fought so hard for the autonomy of the Duchy that the Legacy Breton nobles acted to protect it. The Treaty of Redon with Henry VII was signed to prevent the annexation of Brittany by France. Charles VIII of France invaded Brittany and forced Anne to marry him, thus gaining control of the duchy. Henry VII signed the Treaty of Etaples with France to remove England's defense of Breton autonomy in return for promises from the French to no longer support Perkin Warbeck, the pretender to the English throne. Brittany's strongest ally was lost as the process of merging the duchy into the French crown began. Anne became a formidable queen consort and fought to preserve Brittany's autonomy and <mask>'s legacy for herself and her descendants.The Dukes of Brittany family tree includes Henry VII of England War of the Roses.

masks:
Francis II
Francis
Francis II
Francis I
Francis
Francis II
Francis II
Francis
Francis
Francis
Francis
Francis
Francis II
Francis
Francis
Francis
Francis II
Francis II
Francis
Francis II
Francis
Francis
Francis II
Francis
Francis
Francis I
Francis
Francis
Francis II


title: Alan Collins (writer)

type: paraphrased

texts: <mask> was a Jewish Australian author. <mask> wrote short stories, fiction, poetry, a radio play, and a memoir. <mask> was one of the few Jewish writers of his generation who were born in Australia. He wrote a lot about the Anglo-Jewish community and their struggles to survive in two different worlds. <mask>' family had been in Australia for a long time. Both parents came from the Western part of the world. The Van Kollum family were Amsterdam printers in the 17th century.Mark and <mask> and their three sons moved to Australia from London in the 1840s. They had a great-great-grandson named <mask>. The Davis family line can be traced back to Barcelona at the time of the Spanish Inquisition in the 15th century. Samuel Davis, a young convict, is in the Davis tree. The families of Charles Dickens and his family moved to England in the late 18th century in order to find a better life in Australia. In his introduction to Troubles, author Judah Waten said that <mask> had recorded movingly the lives of Jews without money. <mask>' mother died the day he was born.He was sent to a number of children's homes until he was returned to his father, who remarried. The boy was ill-treated by his stepmother so much that a judge ordered that he be sent to a home for Jewish refugee children. <mask>' childhood is graphically described in his memoir. He lived in the Scarba Baby Home and the Ashfield Infants Home. The description of the social life of working-class Jews at the end of the Great Depression and the beginning of World War II is vividly recalled. The novel The Boys from Bondi is based on his time in the home. The meeting of the two Jewish cultures is graphically described here.When he was 14, <mask> Fox in London in 1957 and they returned to Melbourne where he worked at Rockmans. Their oldest son, Daniel, was born in a rented flat in the suburb of Elwood.With the dream of having a real home for the first time in his life, he took the family to Box Hill, where his sons Peter and Toby were born, and where he fostered a young boy from a war-torn background. After working in advertising agencies, <mask> formed his own business, Collins Advertising, in a home-made office he built in his garden. In the short story The Value of a Nail, <mask> wrote about the great Australian institution of the hardware store, and in real life, he gained creative pleasure from woodworking, establishing the Toby toys range for preschool children. He wrote articles and short stories for magazines and newspapers, as well as a radio play called Shabbatai!, which is an irreverent take on a bizarre character in Jewish history. The Balconies was a prize-winning short story that inspired The Boys from Bondi. Readers wanted to know what happened next. Going Home was published in 1993 and Joshua in 1995.The titles were published as a single volume. One of the significant family sagas of Australian youth was described in the book. The title reflects the complex feelings <mask>' central characters have towards Australia and Israel. The sun, the sea and the beach were always good for him. The beach was his haven from the confusing world around him as a neglected child. He and his wife returned to Elwood for their last 20 years together with their family and one of his great pleasures, sailing. The Kehilat Nitzan congregation was founded in 1999 on the principles of Conservative Judaism.He attended courses in Jewish history, philosophy, literature, and culture at the Florence Melton Adult Education School. He wondered if he was a Jewish fiction writer or a secular Jew. I would not be a writer if it weren't for my sense of Jewish history. The Boys from Bondi Jacob's ladder is one of the works Troubles. The names are Levi, John S. and Bergman. Australian Genesis: Jewish convicts and settlers in the 19th century External links Author's official site births 1928 deaths 20th-century Australian novelists 20th-century Australian male writers 21st-century Australian male novelists

masks:
Alan Collins
Collins
Alan Collins
Collins
Lydia Collins
Alan Collins
Alan Collins
Collins
Collins
AlanRosaline
Collins
Collins
Collins


title: Alexander Fraser Tytler, Lord Woodhouselee

texts: <mask> was a Scottish advocate, judge, writer and historian who was a Professor of Universal History at the University of Edinburgh. The oldest son of Ann Craig of Costerton and her husband William Tytler was born in the Old Town of Edinburgh. He graduated from the University of Edinburgh with a law degree in 1770. He lived and worked with his father at Campbells Close on the Royal Mile. He was the joint professor of Civil History at the University of Edinburgh. He moved to the square. He became sole professor in 1786.He was the Judge Advocate of Scotland in 1790. He became a Lord of Session in the Scottish Courts in 1802. The George Commissioner of Justiciary in Scotland was one of Tytler's positions. Tytler was a friend of Robert Burns and was able to get the lines from his poem removed. He retired from his position as Senator of the College of Justice and was replaced by Lord Balgray. He was buried in Greyfriars Kirkyard after he died in Edinburgh. The vault is located on the west side of the section known as the Covenanter's Prison which is usually closed to the public.He married <mask> of Balnain. Their children were <mask> Tytler, traveller and historian, <mask> Tytler, a lawyer, <mask> Tytler, an assistant judge and author, and <mask> Tytler, a lawyer and historian. The essay on the principles of translation was written by Translation Tytler. It has been argued in a 1975 book that the dictum of fidelity, clarity and elegance came from Tytler. According to Tytler, translation should fully represent the 1) ideas and 2) style of the original and 3) possess the ease of original composition. Tytler had a critical view of democracy in general and representative democracies. All government is essentially of the nature of a monarchy, and he believed that a pure democracy is a chimera.He said that the superior classes did not enjoy a rational liberty and independence despite the fact that a lot of the population were enslaved. Their influence over their partisans was maintained by the most shameful corruption and bribery of the public money, which was supplied alone by the plunder of the public money. Tytler wrote that the people in a republic or democracy flatter themselves that they have the power. Words without meaning are what these are. They elected governors, but how are these elections brought about? In every instance of election by the mass of a people, through the influence of those governors themselves, and by means the most opposite to a free and disinterested choice, by the basest corruption and bribery. Where is the freedom of the people?They must submit to their rule and control, with the same abandonment of their natural liberty, the freedom of their will, and the command of their actions, as if they were under the rule of a monarch. The more optimistic vision of democracy by commentators such as Montesquieu was dismissed by Tytler as "nothing better than an Utopian theory, a splendid chimera, descriptive of a state of society that never did, and never could exist; a republic not of men, but of angels". He will use himself in advance of the public good, as the means of individual distinction and elevation: he will promote the interest of the state from the selfish but most useful passion of making himself considerable in that establishment which he labors to aggrandize. There is a true picture of a man as a political agent. Tytler admits that there are individual exceptions to the rule, and that he is ready to allow "that this form of government is the best adapted to produce, though not the most frequent, yet the most striking, examples of virtue in individuals". In situations where the obstacles are less great, a pitch of virtue is needed to surmount them. The nature of a republican government gives every member of the state an equal right to aspire to the highest offices of the commonwealth, and every individual of the same title with his fellows to aspire at the government of the whole.Tytler believed that democratic forms of government such as those of Greece and Rome have a natural evolution from initial virtue to eventual corruption and decline. In Greece, Tytler argues that the patriotic spirit and love of ingenious freedom became corrupted as the nation advanced in power and splendour. In rude nations and in an early period of society, patriotism is always present. Like all other affections and passions, it operates with the greatest force where it meets the greatest difficulties, but in a state of ease and safety. The rising grandeur and opulence of a nation must be balanced by the decline of its heroic virtues according to the law of nature. A democracy is always temporary in nature; it simply cannot exist as a permanent form of government according to a quotation attributed to Tytler. Until voters discover that they can vote themselves gifts from the public treasury, a democracy will continue to exist.Every democracy will collapse due to loose fiscal policy, which is always followed by a dictatorship, if the majority votes for the candidates who promise the most benefits from the public treasury. The world's greatest civilizations have been around for about 200 years. These nations progressed through a sequence from bondage to spiritual faith, from spiritual faith to great courage, from liberty to abundance, from selfishness to complacency, and from apathy to dependence. This text was popularized as part of a longer piece commenting on the 2000 U.S. presidential election, which began circulating on the Internet shortly after the election's controversial conclusion. There is no reliable record of <mask> writing anything in the text. It consists of two parts which did not appear together until the 70s. Two centuries ago, a somewhat obscure Scotsman named Tytler said that a democracy cannot exist.Until the majority discovers it can vote itself out of the public treasury, it can only exist. After that, the majority always votes for the candidate promising the most benefits with the result the democracy collapses because of the loose fiscal policy ensuing, always to be followed by a dictatorship, then a monarchy. The "Fatal Sequence" is the name of the list beginning "From bondage to spiritual faith". In February 1943, it was delivered at the General Alumni Society of the University of Pennsylvania by the former president of the National Association of Manufacturers, Henning W. Prentiss, Jr. The titles of the speech were "The Cult of Competency" and "Industrial Management in a Republic". The works were done in 1771). Piscatory eclogues with other poems.The year was 1777. There is a supplementary volume to Lord Kames's Dictionary of Decisions. There was an event in 1782. There is a course of lectures on universal history. 1782 There is an essay on the life and character of Petrarch. There was a time when the word was "1878."The life and writing of Dr. John Gregory. 179. There is an essay on the principles of translation. (1792). The Robbers is a translation of Die Ruber. The book was written in 1798. A critical examination of Mr. Whitaker's course over the Alps.179. Ireland Profiting by example is a pamphlet. (1800). There is an essay on the military law. (1801). The Elements of General History, Ancient and Modern is an extended version of his 1782 lectures. (1801).There is an essay on Laura and Petrarch. There was a change in the number of years from (1807) to (1807). There are memoirs of the life and writing of the Henry Home of Kames. <mask> Tytler Bartleby quotation The New is a significant Scots <mask> Tytler Bartleby quotation.

masks:
Alexander Fraser Tytler
Ann Fraser
Patrick Fraser
James Fraser
Alexander Fraser
William Fraser
Alexander Tytler
Alexander Fraser
Alexander Fraser


title: Wellesley Bailey

texts: The Leprosy Mission was founded by <mask><mask>. In India in the 1860s, he witnessed the severity of the disease and vowed to care for those with it. The Mission he established many years ago is still going strong. <mask> was born in Ireland. His father was an estate manager for the Cosby family. <mask> and his three brothers were sent to boarding school by the <mask>s. The Great Famine of the 1840s and '50s made growing up in Ireland difficult.More than one million people left Ireland in the late 1840s. Those who could afford to leave were to go to North America and the colonies. <mask> wanted to find a new, more promising life in distant lands. He was looking for his fortune in the goldfields of Australia. He returned to Dublin with unfulfilled ambitions three years later. He was going to set sail again. <mask> was invited to join his brother in the police force in India.<mask> left for North East India in 1869 to look for a challenge. As a child, <mask> <mask> went to a Church of Ireland church, but he never took the Christian faith seriously. He found himself at the start of a voyage that would take him a long way from home. fog delayed the departure of his ship. Remembering his childhood girlfriend's request to him before he left to attend church whenever he could, he stopped by one Sunday at Gravesend Parish church. He committed his life to Christ there, because he had a sense of God's presence in a way he had never experienced before. When <mask> arrived in India in 1869, his brother had been moved to the north west of the country and he was alone.He decided to focus on learning Hindi instead of joining the police. An old German Lutheran missionary was able to teach him the local language. He felt that God was calling him to work. He applied to work at the American Presbyterian Mission. They accepted him and sent him to one of their schools in the Punjab. Dr Morrison was the leader of the American Mission. Wellesley heard from his colleagues that Dr Morrison looked after beggars.Wellesley didn't know what this meant. He only heard about the diseases from Bible stories. He was invited by Dr Morrison to visit the beggars' huts. Wellesley was shocked by what he saw. Many of them had clawed hands. <mask> said that if there was ever a Christlike work in the world, it was to go amongst the poor sufferers and bring them solace. <mask> had been talking to his childhood girlfriend, Alice Grahame, who had encouraged him to go to church, while he was in India.They became engaged after <mask> proposed in one letter. They were married in Bombay Cathedral in 1870 after Alice sailed to India. Alice's health was affected by the dry heat of the Punjab. After two years in India, it was clear that <mask> wouldn't be able to maintain a good quality of life, so she resigned from the American Mission and returned to Ireland. <mask> was disappointed to have to return to Ireland. He was able to talk to people about the problems faced by people with leprosy in India. <mask> and Alice were invited to stay with the Pim sisters in Dublin in 1874.<mask> was asked by the sisters to describe his work with people with leprosy. The imaginations of people in the West were captured by the stories Wellesley told. Wellesley talked about his work to a wider audience in a larger venue than the Pims' sisters living room. An adult leper can be cared for in an asylum for as little as £5, and a child for much less. In booklet form, <mask>'s talks were entitled Lepers in India. It had to be reprinted after it sold out. The Pim sisters agreed to raise money for leprosy work in India.They were able to return to India after Alice's health improved. <mask> was appointed as a lay-missionary with the Church of Scotland. He used some of the funds sent over to India by the Pim sisters to build shelters for lepers. <mask>'s loyalties caused tension between him and the Scottish Mission who wanted him to focus more on his teaching and preaching work. He returned to Ireland after taking a month's leave. The Mission to Lepers became formal once <mask> returned to his home country. <mask> reported that they cared for about 100 people with the disease.The new committee was informed by Charlotte Pim that they were raising about 900 a year. The first secretary and treasurer to work from India was <mask> <mask>. The <mask>s and their children returned to India in 1879. <mask> was still trying to combine his work for the Church of Scotland Mission with his work as secretary for the Mission to Lepers. Alice's health became more fragile. <mask> was taken off their missionary lists by the Scottish Mission board. <mask> was the secretary of a charity that worked with women in India when the <mask>s moved to Edinburgh.He continued his work with the Mission to Lepers. It was possible to extend the work as the income increased. <mask> <mask> was appointed secretary of The Mission to Lepers in India in 1886 after giving up his post with the Scottish charity. <mask> and Alice embarked on a tour of India to see for themselves the needs of those with leprosy throughout the country. They didn't come back until the spring of 1887. The need for The Mission to Lepers work was highlighted by the growth of the Mission Wellesley's tour of India. He witnessed other missionaries trying to care for people with leprosy without the support of their organisation.<mask> was seen as the expert and a source of financial support when he visited projects. He provided the funds necessary to keep the asylums going. Income to the Mission to Lepers grew. There are three 'auxiliaries' in England. <mask> began to concentrate on growing the Mission after he and Alice returned to Scotland. There were letters from India asking for help with leprosy work. Wellesley had focused on India until this point.There was a letter asking for help. The Mission to Lepers provided funds to build a home for people with the disease. China was added to the list of countries that The Mission to Lepers was working in. The <mask>s traveled East and West in the last decade of the century. <mask> spoke about his work with leprosy sufferers in the US and Canada in 1892. <mask> <mask> was becoming a key figure in Mission circles, and his knowledge and experience of leprosy work was sought after. He spoke at the World Congress of Missions in Chicago in 1893.<mask> <mask> went on a tour of the East in 1906. <mask>'s last voyage was to visit the work that The Mission to Lepers had started. After travelling through China, they traveled to New Zealand, Australia, the Philippines, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Singapore and India. He gave over 150 addresses and met with many government officials during his tour. It was difficult to deal with the situation in Scotland and Europe. The Mission's workload increased. Within a short period of time, they lost a couple of key members of staff.One of <mask>'s sons, Dermot, was killed in the war. At the age of 71, <mask> <mask> decided to retire from his work with the Mission. He was dedicated to serving those with leprosy for 50 years. By the time of his retirement, The Mission to Lepers was working with over 15,000 people. His granddaughter wrote that he was not a saint or a clever man. I don't remember seeing him angry or ungenerous, but I do remember hearing minor irritations. His gift was single-mindedness and simplicity that could not be seen by a more sophisticated mind.<mask> <mask> died in 1937. Prior to the birth of the Mission to Lepers, support for leprosy work was not very high. <mask> <mask> saw a huge need when he first visited the leprosy huts in Ambala and set about raising awareness of the plight of those with leprosy, which subsequently raised financial support allowing the work to grow and continue. The Leprosy Mission is still going strong today. <mask> said in one of his last speeches that the Mission had been born and cradled in prayer. It has been brought up on prayer, it has been nourished on prayer, and it has been at the bottom of its success since the first moments of its life. The Leprosy Mission International was founded in 1937 with the deaths of 1846 Irish Christian missionaries.

masks:
Wellesley C
. Bailey
Wellesley Bailey
Wellesley
Bailey
Wellesley
Wellesley
Wellesley
Wellesley
Bailey
Wellesley
Bailey
Bailey
Wellesley
Wellesley
Wellesley
Wellesley
Wellesley
Wellesley
Wellesley
Bailey
Wellesley
Bailey
Wellesley
Bailey
Bailey
Wellesley
Wellesley
Wellesley
Bailey
Wellesley
Bailey
Wellesley
Bailey
Wellesley
Bailey
Wellesley
Wellesley
Bailey
Wellesley
Bailey
Wellesley
Bailey
Wellesley
Bailey
Wellesley
Bailey
Wellesley
Bailey
Wellesley


title: Carmine Galante

texts: <mask> was an American mobster. The nickname "The Cigar" and "Lilo" came from the fact that <mask> was rarely seen without a cigar. The acting boss of the Bonanno crime family was <mask>. He was killed in a restaurant. On February 21, 1910, <mask> was born in a tenement building in the East Harlem section of Manhattan. Vincenzo was a fisherman in New York City when his parents moved there in 1906. Samuel and <mask> were brothers to <mask>.On February 10, 1945, Galante married Helen Marulli, who he had three children with. <mask> lived with Ann Acquavella for 20 years and had two children with her. <mask> <mask> was a Bonanno crime family capo. Doctors diagnosed <mask> as having a psychopathic personality while he was in prison. The Abco Vending Company of West New York, New Jersey was owned by <mask>. Galante was sent to reform school at the age of 10 because of his criminal activities. He started a street gang on New York's Lower East Side.Galante dropped out of seventh grade at the age of 15. Galante became a leading enforcer by the end of the decade after becoming a Mafia associate as a teenager. At an artificial flower shop, Galante worked as a fish sorter. The 15-year-old Galante pleaded guilty to assault charges. On December 22, 1926, Galante was sentenced to at least two and a half years in state prison. In August 1930, Galante was arrested for the murder of a police officer. Galante was never indicted.In 1930, a New York Police Department officer caught <mask> and other gang members trying to hijack a truck in Brooklyn. Two people survived the gun battle, including a six-year-old bystander. Galante was sentenced to 12 and a half years in state prison after pleading guilty to attempted robbery. On May 1, 1939, Galante was released from prison. The official underboss of the Luciano crime family was the target of Galante's "hits" by 1940. The NYPD suspected Galante of involvement in over eighty murders. Law enforcement officers and Mafia members were scared by Galante's cold, dead-eyed stare."Of all the mobsters that I've met personally, and I've met dozens of them in all of my years, there were only two who, when I looked them straight in the eye, I decided I wouldn't," said a former NYPD detective. One was Aniello Dellacroce and the other was <mask>. They had bad eyes. You could see how frightening they were. The publisher of an anti-fascist newspaper in New York was murdered by <mask> in 1943. Genovese, living in exile in Italy, offered to kill Tresca as a favor to Mussolini. The murder contract was given to <mask> by Genovese.On January 11, 1943, <mask> allegedly shot and killed Tresca as he stepped outside his newspaper office in Manhattan, and then got in a car and drove away. No one was ever charged in the murder of <mask>, who was arrested as a suspect. <mask> was sent back to prison for violating his parole. On December 21, 1944, <mask> was released from prison. The Bonanno family had a drug business in Montreal, Quebec. He worked with the crime family in the French Connection. The Bonannos imported huge amounts of heroin into Montreal and then shipped it to the US.According to police, Galante was making $50 million per year from gambling in Montreal. The Canadian Government deported him back to the US due to his strong-arm tactics. Bonanno and <mask> held a meeting in Palermo, Sicily in 1957 to discuss plans to import heroin into the United States. Lucky Luciano and other American mobsters attended with a Sicilian Mafia delegation. Sicilian mobsters would come to the U.S. to distribute narcotics. Galante brought many young men, known as Zips, from his family home of Trapani to work as bodyguards, contract killers and drug traffickers. Galante went into hiding after being indicted on drug conspiracy charges.On June 3, 1959 Galante was arrested by New Jersey State Police after they stopped his car on the Garden State Parkway. Galante was hiding in a house on Pelican Island, which is off the South Jersey shore. He was released after posting $100,000 bail. Galante surrendered after being indicted on a second set of narcotics charges. The first narcotics trial of Galante began on November 21, 1960. The first trial was characterized by jurors and alternates dropping out and coercive courtroom displays by the defendants. The judge declared a mistrial.Due to injury, the jury foreman was unable to continue the trial after he fell down some stairs in the middle of the night. <mask> was sentenced to 20 days in jail. On July 10, 1962, after being convicted in his second narcotics trial, Galante was sentenced to 20 years in federal prison. In January 1974, <mask> was released from prison. After his release from prison, Galante allegedly ordered the bombing of the doors to the mausoleum of his enemy Frank Costello in St. Michael's Cemetery, who had died in 1973. On February 23, 1974, at a meeting at the Americana Hotel in Manhattan, the Commission named Philip "Rusty" Rastelli as boss. In 1976, Galante took control of the Bonannos as an acting boss.In order to take over a massive drug-trafficking operation, <mask> allegedly organized the murders of at least eight members of the Gambino family, with whom he had an intense rivalry. On March 3, 1978, the United States Parole Commission revoked <mask>'s parole because he was associated with other Bonanno mobsters. On February 27, 1979 a judge ruled that the government had illegally revoked Galante's parole and ordered his release. The New York crime families were alarmed by Galante's attempt to take over the narcotics market. Frank Tieri got approval from the retired Joseph Bonanno to build a consensus for <mask>'s murder. The Commission approved the killing of Galante in 1979. The Commission quickly approved a contract on Galante after Joseph Massino relayed the request to them.<mask> was killed while eating lunch on the patio at Joe and Mary's Italian-American Restaurant in Brooklyn. He was dining with a Bonanno capo and a Bonanno soldier. The Sicilian bodyguards of <mask> sat at the table. Three ski-masked men entered the restaurant, walked into the patio, and opened fire with guns. The people who were killed instantly were <mask>, Turano, and Coppola. There was a cigar in the picture of the murdered Galante. Amato and Bonventre didn't do anything to protect Galante.The man ran out of the restaurant. The funeral mass for <mask> was refused by the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York. Saint John's Cemetery is in Middle Village, Queens. Bonventre was murdered in a New Jersey warehouse in 1984 to guarantee his silence in the Galante murder. On January 13, 1987, Anthony Indelicato was sentenced to 40 years in prison for his role in the <mask>, Coppola, and Turano murders. The first episode of Yesterday's documentary series Mafia's Greatest Hits features <mask>. Donnie Brasco: My Undercover Life in the Mafia was written by Pistone, Joseph D.Donnie Brasco is the author of Running Press. Joey Massino was a member of the Bonanno Crime Family. California: Citadel. "FBI files <mask> 1 through 12 Seize the Night: <mask>nte <mask> "Lilo" <mask> at Find A Grave 1910 births 1979 deaths murders in the United States American drug traffickers American crime bosses American people convicted of murder Bonanno crime family Bosses of

masks:
Carmine Galante
Galante
Galante
Camillo Carmine Galante
Peter Galante
Carmine Galante
Carmine Galante
James Carmine
Galante
Galante
Galante
Galante
Carmine Galante
Galante
Galante
Galante
Galante
Galante
Galante
Galante
Galante
Galante
Galante
Galante
Galante
Galante
Galante
Galante
Galante
Galante
Galante
Carmine Galante
Carmine Gala
Carmine
Galante


title: Anna Milder-Hauptmann

texts: Milder-Hauptmann was an opera singer. Milder's father was a pastry chef for the Austrian ambassador in Constantinople and her mother was a lady-in-waiting to the ambassador's wife. Felix worked as a translator until the family had to leave because of the Austro-Turkish War. After he had worked for the ambassador again, the family was forced to flee when pestilence broke out in the area. The family settled in Vienna. <mask>, now 10 years old, received her first formal education here which included the German language she had never heard of before. She begged her parents to allow her to receive a musical education because she was exposed to opera and church music.Sigismund von Neukomm began teaching the 16-year-old for two years after hearing her. She studied with both Schikaneder and Salieri. Mozart's sister-in-law, Josepha Weber, negotiated on Neukomm's behalf for a position for <mask> in the Theater an der Wien. Milder made her stage debut at the age of 19 in Smayr's opera Der Spiegel von Arkadien. The Theater am Krntnertor gave her a contract worth 2,000 Gulden after she gained major roles. In 1805, she sang the title role in the first performance of Beethoven's Leonore, and again in the second and third versions in 1806 and 1814. Cherubini wrote a German opera for her.She was supposed to sing Beethoven's concert aria. Milder's soon-to-be-released Fifth and Sixth Symphonies were heard for the first time under the composer's direction at his momentous Academy Concert on 22 December 1808. Josephine Killitschky is a person. Napoleon invited her to Paris because he was impressed by her performance in Martin's opera, but she refused due to her impending marriage to Peter Hauptmann. The couple had a child. She played a part in the success of the two works, Das Waisenhaus and Die Schweizer Familie. The Gluck revival in Vienna and Berlin was largely due to her performance in Iphigénie en Tauride.Cherubini's Médée was performed in Vienna for the first time. She toured Breslau, Berlin, Karsruhe, and Stuttgart. Milder-Hauptmann received offers for roles at the Berlin Court Opera after the Austrian currency fell. Jeanette Brde is her sister. She spent the next 14 years in Berlin, where she was an accomplished composer and pianist. Spontini was the music director at the Berlin Court Opera, and she sang the role of Statira in the first performance of his opera in Berlin in 1821. She sang in operas by Gluck and Weigl in Berlin and became a member of the Sing-Akademie.She sang in the revival of the St Matthew Passion. The concert aria Tutto  Silenzio was written for her. She left Berlin in 1829 after a fight with Spontini. She made her last public appearance in Berlin in 1836. She died in Berlin and is buried on a hill. Joseph Haydn remarked on Milder's voice, "it's like a house", and Georg August Griesinger described it as "like pure metal". Friedrich Reichardt said Milder's voice was the most beautiful he had ever heard.On the occasion of Milder's 25th stage anniversary, Goethe sent her a copy of his play Iphigenia. Milder received a miniature painting of Gluck and the score of Alceste from the nephew of the composer. Milder had a lack of vocal agility. She has the best voice and her trills are the worst. Critics disliked her performances of Rossini's works. Many composers wrote works for Milder-Hauptmann. One of the more notable works was written by Kreutzer and was revived as Cordelia with Wilhelmine Schrder-Devrient for Milder.Milder-Hauptmann performed the lied "Der Hirt und dem Felsen" for the first time in Riga on February 10, 1830. In 1824, Milder dedicated the lied song "Suleika II" to her, but the opera was never performed. Happy to those for whom works are written! "Wohl denen, fr die eigens componiert!" Berlin's, Berlin, 1861, p. 375 births and deaths of 19th-century German women opera singers and Austrian women opera singers.

masks: Anna Anna


title: William Hoste

texts: The Royal Navy captain was Captain Sir <mask>. Hoste was one of the great frigate captains of the Napoleonic wars, taking part in six major actions, including the capture of the heavily fortified port of Kotor. He was not present at Trafalgar having received gifts from the Dey of Algiers. He was the second child of <mask> and Margaret Stanforth. His father was the rector of Godwick and Tittleshall. He was born at Ingoldisthorpe and his family moved to Godwick Hall, east of Tittleshall, which was leased from Thomas Coke. Hoste went to school at King's Lynn and the Paston School in North Walsham, where Nelson went to school previously.Hoste's name would be entered in the books of the Captain's servant when he was just 5 years old, but he would not actually go to sea until he was 13 years old. The outbreak of war with France took place in February 1793. Nelson had recently been appointed as Captain of a 64-gun third-rate, which was being fitted out at Chatham Dockyard, and was introduced to Hoste by his landlord, Thomas Coke. Hoste joined Agamemnon Nelson as a captain's servant at the end of April 1793. Hoste saw most of his naval service in the Mediterranean and Adriatic, where the ship joined the Mediterranean Fleet. Nelson mentions Hoste frequently in his letters to his wife, for example: 'without exception one of the finest boys I ever met with' and 'his gallantry never can be exceeded'. Nelson's stepson, Josiah Nisbet, was another captain's servant on Agamemnon, but the letters suggest that Hoste quickly became a favourite and that he compared badly with him.Hoste was promoted to midshipman by Nelson on 1 February 1794 and served with him during the blockade of Corsica. Nelson was with the British fleet at the Battle of Cape StVincent Hoste when they defeated the Spanish fleet almost twice their size. The larger guns of 112 and 80 were captured by Captain. The battle began at the back of the British line. Nelson disobeyed orders and wore a ship for the Spanish van, which included the 112-gun San Josef, the 80-gun San Nicolas and the 130-gun Santsima Trinidad. Captain assisted by which came to her aid. Nelson found himself alongside the San Nicolas which he boarded and forced her surrender after an hour of exchanging broadsides.San Josef was left immobile when she became entangled with her colleague and tried to help the San Nicolas. Nelson led his party from the deck of the San Nicolas to the San Josef and captured her as well. He was transferred to a 74-gun third-rate in June 1797. Nelson and a few other officers were sent to restore order on theseus, which was a troubled ship. Nelson received a letter from the would-be rebels thanking him for placing the officers over them. Theseus and Hoste were present at the Battle of Santa Cruz de Tenerife, but Hoste did not take part in the assault. Hoste was promoted to lieutenant after the death of Lieutenant Weatherhead, thanks to his book time, in February 1798.<mask>, still aboard the ship, was at the Battle of the Nile. The French fleet boasted three 80-gun warships and nine of the popular 74-gun ships, as well as the 118-gun ship-of-the-line L'Orient. The Royal Navy had thirteen 74-gun ships and one 50-gun fourth-rate. The battle was a victory for the British. Nelson sent his report to London to be checked out by Lieutenant Thomas Capel. Capel was to give control of the dispatch to Hoste at Naples. At the age of 18, Hoste became an acting-captain.Hoste, carrying news of the victory, first sailed to Gibraltar, before rejoining the fleet under StVincent. His promotion was confirmed in December 1798. Nelson took part in the capture of Rome in the autumn of 1799 and Command Hoste continued in command of the Mutine for the next three years. He was promoted post-captain by Lord StVincent, First Lord of the Admiralty, in January 1802, after serving under Lord Keith, who knew little of him. Hoste was in Alexandria, where he contracted Malaria and a lung infection, which would affect his health for the rest of his life. He finished his education in classical antiquity in Athens after he was appointed to the frigate in Florence. Hoste returned to England briefly in April 1803 before being given command of the Peace of Amiens in October.Nelson gave him command of the 32-gun frigate in September 1805. He missed the Battle of Trafalgar and only learned of Nelson's death on his return from Algeria. He wrote to his father, "Not to have been in it is enough to make one mad, but to have lost such a friend besides is really sufficient to almost overwhelm me." Hoste was sent into the Adriatic Sea after a number of successes while engaged on active service in the Mediterranean. He single-handedly conducted an aggressive campaign against enemy shipping and coastal installations, bringing coastal trade with the enemy to a halt. Hoste and his crew captured or sunk over 200 enemy ships by the end of the 18th century. Hoste was rewarded with command, as commodore, of a small detachment of frigates, comprising HMS Amphion, 36 guns, 22 guns and 32 guns, operations continued and by establishing a base at Lissa, now known as Vis, Hoste was able to dominate.In March and April, they took or destroyed 46 vessels. The Franco-Venetian squadron under the command of Bernard Dubourdieu attacked <mask>'s small force in what became known as the Battle after the French and their allies became so frustrated by the disruption to their shipping. In the Battle of Lissa Dubourdieu's squadron of seven frigates and four smaller warships, nearly 2,000 men outnumbered Hoste with his 4 frigates mounting only 124 guns and manned by less than 900 men. Nelson's attack at Trafalgar was mimicked by a French officer who sailed his ships down on the English line from windward. Hoste used his superior seamanship and gunnery to overcome the larger enemy force, with the loss of 50 men killed and 132 wounded. Dubourdieu was killed, one of the French ships was driven on shore, another was captured, and two of the Venetian ships were taken. The men were affected by Hoste's signal.Captain Hornby of the Volage wrote that "never again so long as I live shall I see so interesting or so glorious moment" after it was universally greeted with loud cheers. Although Hoste was given the command of 38 guns, he did not return to the Adriatic in her until 1812. Hoste continued to demonstrate his aggressiveness and initiative. He aided in the capture of Spalato in November of 1813. He attacked the mountain fortress of Cattaro with ships' cannon and mortars using block and tackle. On January 5, 1814, the French garrison surrendered. Hoste repeated these tactics at Ragusa, which surrendered later on the 27th.<mask>'s health deteriorated and he was forced to return to England. He was made a baronet in 1814 and knighted in 1816. He was appointed to the royal yacht in 1824. He died of Tuberculosis in London in December of 1828, after he developed a cold which weakened his lungs. He was buried in London. St Paul's Cathedral has a memorial to him. He was married to Lady Harriet Walpole on 17 April 1817.She was the daughter of the 2nd Earl of Orford. They had a few children. There was a person named Priscilla <mask> who died in October 1854. Sir <mask> George Hoste was an admiral. Theodore Oxford Raphael Hoste died on July 31st. Psyche Rose Elizabeth <mask> was born in July 1904. Hoste was born on Feb 2, 1824.Legacy Hoste's actions at Cattaro and Ragusa are attributed to Captain Jack Aubrey, the main character in Patrick O'Brian's 20 novels of the Aubrey–Maturin series. Hoste Island is one of the southernmost islands of Chile. The Sir William Hoste Cricket Club in Vis was founded by the Croatian islanders after learning that he had organised the game there during the British occupation of the island. The Hoste Hotel is named after <mask> and features a Lord Nelson museum tribute. Nelson remarked to Hoste's father that Lord Radstock once wrote: Notes References Further reading External links Island of Vis Sir <mask>e Cricket Club The Hoste Arms Hotel <mask> at Three Decks - Warships in the Age of Sail The Knights Commander of the Order of the Bath People died from Tuberculosis in the 19th century.

masks:
William Hoste
Reverend Hoste
Hoste
Hoste
Hoste
Anne Hoste
William Legge
Hoste
William Hoste
William Host
William Hoste


title: Turahan Bey

texts: The Ottoman military commander and governor of Thessaly from 1423 until his death in 1456 was named <mask>. He fought against the Byzantines in the second quarter of the 15th century, as well as against the Crusade of Varna. The local Byzantine despotate became an Ottoman dependency after his repeated raids into the Morea. Thessaly, where he settled new people and founded the town of Tyrnavos, set the groundwork for Ottoman rule in the area for centuries to come. He was the son of <mask>, so no one knows his birth date or early life. His father was a general who conquered Skopje and was the first Ottoman governor. He was first mentioned as governor of Vidin in 1413 and then again in 1422, when he fought against the Byzantine governor of Lamia.He was a supporter of Mustafa elebi during the struggle against Mehmed I and Murad II. In 1423, he became governor of Thessaly and led his first major expedition against the Peloponnese peninsula in southern Greece. His cavalry destroyed the interior of the peninsula after breaching the recently rebuilt Hexamilion wall. He attacked several Byzantine towns and settlements. Venice was the main driving force behind attempts to unite the various Christian rulers of Greece against the Ottoman advance. The historian Doukas reported that Turahan was on the shores of the Black Sea. He defeated local Albanian tribes in Epirus and made them part of the Ottoman state.In the 1430s, he was a part of the campaigns that suppressed an Albanian revolt. The Byzantine Despots of the Morea were able to regain control of the peninsula over the course of a few years despite the destruction that occurred in the Peloponnese. Thebes was taken by the Moreot Byzantines in 1435 to prevent it from falling into their hands. The Despotate of the Morea, under constant threat of Turkish invasion, was able to cling on to its independence thanks to continuous gifts and payments of tribute to Turahan. The Battle of Ni ended in a defeat for the Ottomans. Their retreat from Ni resulted in the burning of all the villages between Ni and Sofia. Sultan Murad II was persuaded to follow a scorched earth strategy against the Hungarian advance.The Sultan's son-in-law, Mahmud <mask>, was captured by the Hungarians after they were defeated in the Battle of Zlatitsa. Some Ottoman sources claim that the Serbian Despot bribed Turahan not to participate in the battle in order to cause the defeat. <mask> fell out of favor with the Sultan and was sent to a prison in Tokat. He was restored to his position as he was in the campaign against the Morea. Turahan insisted on an assault despite the fact that Murad was discouraged by the strength of the Hexamilion. The Ottomans were aided by an bombardment and ravaged the Peloponnese. The Despotate of the Morea was reduced to an Ottoman state.<mask> and his sons led a large force into the Peloponnese. Sultan Mehmed II ordered them to remain there during the winter in order to prevent Thomas and Demetrios from assisting their brother, Emperor Constantine XI, during the Siege of Constantinople. The Morea was penetrated by Turahan after he attacked the Hexamilion again. <mask>'s son was captured in an ambush at Dervenakia and imprisoned in Mystras, despite the Byzantines putting up little resistance. The fall of Constantinople had a big impact on the Morea. The brothers Demetrios and Thomas were disliked by their own people. The local Albanian immigrants and native Greeks supported the rebellion against them.Turahan's son mer arrived in December after the Sultan's vassals called for Turkish aid. After securing the release of his brother from captivity, he left. Turahan was forced to intervene in October 1454 because of the revolt. The populace capitulated after being sacked a few fortresses. Turahan told the two Palaiologoi to rule well and compose their differences. The two brothers quarreled and collaborated with the Western powers against the Sultan. The northwestern half of the country became an Ottoman province after Mehmed II seized the Morea.In 1460, the rest of the despotate followed. He died ca. in October 1455 after being recalled to Adrianople. August 1456 He was buried in Thrace, but his memorial tomb is still in the city. Until the end of the Ottoman rule in Thessaly in the late 19th century, his descendants were wealthy, but they did not rise to much prominence. The great, almost semi-autonomous Ottoman "marcher-lords" of the 15th-century Balkans included <mask> <mask>. The establishment of Ottoman rule in Thessaly and central Greece was aided by him.He settled 5,000 Turkish settlers in twelve villages across the province to strengthen Ottoman military control. The Scottish traveller David Urquhart was said to be the first to institute a Greek militia for the lawless mountainous regions of central Greece. The foundation of the town of Tyrnavos was one of the measures Turahan took to restore order and prosperity in his province. To attract and protect the local Greek Orthodox population, he granted it special privileges, such as tax exemptions and the prohibition of Ottoman troops from passing through the town. The mosque was destroyed after the Greek annexation of Thessaly in 1884, but the church is still standing. Many public buildings, such as mosques, monasteries, madrasas, schools, caravanserais, bridges and baths, were endowed by Turahan. The introduction of new dye techniques based on yellow berries, madder and the kali plant, used in the manufacture of potash, was attributed to him by later generations.The materials went to the rest of Rumelia. The Encyclopedia of Islam: References Sources Year of birth missing 14th-century births 1456 deaths 14th-century people of the Ottoman Empire Ottoman people of the Byzantine–Ottoman wars City founded Muslims of the Crusade

masks:
Turakhan Bey
Pasha Yiit Bey
Bey
Turahan
Turahan
Turahan
Turahan
Bey


title: Ted W. Lawson

texts: The author of Thirty Seconds Over Tokyo was an American officer in the United States Army Air Force. The 1944 film of the same name starred Spencer Tracy, Van Johnson and RobertMitchum. He attended Los Angeles City College in 1937–1938 and was born in Alameda, California. He joined the U.S. Army Air Corps as an aviation cadet in March 1940 while studying Aeronautical Engineering at Douglas Aircraft Company. He received his pilot's wings and commission as a second lieutenant on November 15, 1940, after completing advanced training at Kelly Field. He was assigned to the 95th Bomb Squadron, 17th Bomb Group (Medium) at McChord Field. He checked out in the Douglas B-23 Dragon after being assigned as a co-pilot.He became a pilot in February 1941 and two months later the group received seven B-25 Mitchells, the first of the new medium bombers to be assigned to a unit in the Air Corps. While his squadron was based at McChord, he married Ellen Reynolds, a librarian he had met while a student. Lieutenant Robert M. Gray was his best man at the ceremony. The 17th Bombardment Group out of Oregon was in charge of antisubmarine patrols during World War II. As the first Army Air Corps group to receive the B-25 Mitchell, the 17th BC had the most experienced pilots and so was ordered to fly similar patrols off the East Coast of the United States but in actuality to prepare. The combat crews were offered the chance to volunteer for an " extremely hazardous" mission after the group officially transferred to Columbia. The group left the Air Force on February 17th.The first air raid on mainland Japan following the Pearl Harbor attack was led by Lieutenant Colonel Jimmy Doolittle and included the bombing of Tokyo and several other cities. "The Ruptured Duck" was the nickname for the aircraft he flew on the raid. The plane's unusual name came from a minor training accident, according to the book. Someone wrote "ruptured duck" in chalk on the plane. He had a B-25 infantryman. Donald Duck has been caricatured with crutches and pilot's headphones. After launching the mission 170 miles farther out than planned and bombing their targets in Japan, all of the aircraft ran out of fuel.<mask> and his crew crashed their plane off the coast of a small island during a storm after their engines failed while trying to land. A compound fracture of the left leg, a lacerated left bicep, and severe facial injuries were 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 All five crew members survived the crash, but only the flight engineer/gunner David J. Thatcher received serious injuries. Robert Clever died in another plane crash after being returned to the U.S. After he was transported by friendly Chinese throughout several provinces in China to evade Japanese troops searching for his crew, his leg was bitten off by the mission's flight surgeon, Lt Thomas R. White, who volunteered to fly the mission as a gunner on the crew of Lieutenant Donald. The nose art of the crashed bomber, "The Ruptured Duck", was put on display in Tokyo. The authors of Thirty Seconds Over Tokyo decided to write a book about the mission.In four nights and two days in the Mayflower Hotel in Washington, D.C., the entire story was worked out, although approval to publish the book was not given until after information about the raid was released by the War Department in April 1943. Thirty Seconds Over Tokyo appeared in six issues of Collier's magazine from May 22 to June 26, 1943. A 220-page hardback "wartime book" was published later that year by Random House. <mask> reached out to Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer producer Sam Zimbalist through friends in the Los Angeles area. The film featured Van Johnson, Spencer Tracy, and RobertMitchum. It won an Academy Award. Thirty Seconds Over Tokyo was re-released in 2003 with more photos and an introduction from Ellen.Along with the majority of the surviving Doolittle Raiders, he was sent back to the United States for further medical care, including a second amputation of his injured leg and reconstruction of his lower face. All the raiders should be promoted one grade and later to major according to the recommendation of Doolittle. He was a liaison officer for the U.S. Air Mission. On February 2, 1945, he was retired from the U.S. Army Air Force. The Chinese Army, Navy, and Air Corps medal, Class A, 1st grade, is one of his decorations. After the war, he owned and operated a machine shop in Southern California, and also worked for Reynolds Metals as a liaison between the company and the military. He died at his home in California in 1992 and was buried at the cemetery.The Army Airfield at Fort Benning, Georgia is partially named after <mask><mask>. It was named after <mask><mask>, an Army Air Corps flyer who earned theDistinguished Service Cross in World War I. <mask><mask>'s name was added to the memorial after World War II. The B-25 is on display at the Pacific Aviation Museum Pearl Harbor, which is located on Ford Island. Military awards include the Doolittle Raid Thirty Seconds Over Tokyo. America's first strike back at Japan took place in 1942. The Doolittle Raid: America's First Strike Against Japan was written by Glines.<mask> W. Thirty Seconds Over Tokyo was published in 1988. The 60th anniversary edition of Brassey's Inc. was published in Dulles, Virginia. DeShazer is the author of The Doolittle Raider who turned Missionary. The Light and Life Press was published in 1950. The United States Army Air Force officers who received the distinguished flying cross were from California.

masks:
Lawson
Ted
Ted W
. Lawson
Walter R
. Lawson
Ted W
. Lawson
Ted


title: Ben Burns

texts: <mask> was an American pioneer editor of black publications and a public relations executive in Chicago. He was invited to submit his biography for inclusion in Who's Who in Colored America because he was well known as a black newspaperman even though he was white and Jewish. <mask> was born in Chicago in 1913 to Alexander and Frieda Bernstein. The family lived on Chicago's Near West Side when he was born. The slums of Chicago were where <mask> grew up. His father was a house painter. His mother was born in Warsaw.When <mask> was a year old, his mother divorced Alexander and married Nathan Denison. <mask>' parents lived in Chicago. In 1930, <mask> graduated from James Monroe High School on New York's West Side. When the NYU Daily News was shut down in 1933, he decided not to finish his senior year at New York University. He went back to Chicago to enroll in the journalism program at the University. He joined the Young Communist League because of its opposition to the emergence of Hitler's anti-Semitic views. He was kicked out of the party in 1948.Esther was married to <mask> on November 28, 1937. The couple had three children. In 1937, <mask> began his journalism career at the Daily Worker in New York, followed by work at the Midwest Daily Record in Chicago and finally at the People's World in San Francisco. <mask> and his wife decided it was time to move because their income was not enough to support them. The couple was being tracked by the FBI. Black publications Back in Chicago, a political connection led <mask> in July 1942 to apply for a job at the Chicago Defender, a leading black weekly newspaper. He stayed in that field for 35 years after being hired as a temporary fill-in editor.<mask>' previous contacts with black people had been hard to come by, but he threw himself into his new work with gusto. He wrote that he tried to become a brother to Negroes by virtue of his oneness with them. After a stint in the U.S., I became a defender editor, a 'black newspaperman,' black in my orientation and thinking, in my concerns and outlook, in my friends and associations, black in everything but my skin color. In 1943, <mask> became the only white editor-in-chief of a black daily and the founding editor of Negro Digest. The Chicago Defender was the second-largest circulation weekly black newspaper in the United States in 1952. Tan Confessions was the second largest circulation black magazine with 200,000. John H. Johnson was a wealthy African-American publisher.<mask> wrote that his communist and Defenders training in protest was a source of constant acrimony between him and Johnson. <mask> contrasted the "flame of racial militancy kindled in me" with what he characterized as Johnson's "carefully calibrated racial positivism." <mask> was fired from the Johnson Publishing Company in 1954. <mask> denied that he allowed too many sensational stories to get into Ebony. After leaving journalism, he became a vice president in the public relations firm of Cooper, Burns & Golin. The head of a new company called McDonald's gave him work in 1957. He edited five non-black monthlies to earn a living. He served as editor of the Chicago Daily Defender and Sepia.After retiring from journalism and public relations in 1977, <mask> traveled to Africa with his wife. <mask> rebelled against his upbringing because his paternal grandfather was part of a religious Jewish family in Poland. <mask> said that his father believed that religion was the opiate of the people. <mask> had been in a synagogue but a half-dozen times as a sightseers and began using the byline "<mask>" around 1936. On one occasion, a printing salesman asked if he was black or white, and <mask> replied, "Neither, I'm Jewish." Jackson replied that he didn't know, and <mask> said, "Well, I am a kike." His account of the trip was published in 1996.He was critical of the Holocaust denial of Arthur Butz and rebuked the "black anti-Semitism" of Louis Farrakhan. Observers question <mask>' place in black journalism. Is <mask> taking too much credit for the work he did on Negro Digest? One critic wrote that he didn't know. If the reader doesn't know the Black press well enough, it would be easy to accuse <mask> of racial condescension. <mask> is not mentioned in Johnson's book. <mask> said that Johnson embellished his personal success story by claiming to have edited the Digest.<mask> had a disagreement with Richard Wright over an article he wrote about the plight of the black community in Chicago. John H. Johnson was against the article being published. In order to appease advertisers, Johnson would only agree to publish Wright's article if <mask> wrote an editorial publicly condemning it. Another piece by Wright was rejected by Johnson. <mask> defended his actions in his memoir after critics accused him of being in a "continuing feud" with Wright. The obituary of the Chicago Defender stated that <mask> was the former editor in chief of the Chicago Defender who trained many Black writers in all phases of print journalism. The Burns papers are a collection that demands to be seen for students of African American history and Black journalism."Hall of Achievement: <mask>" was updated in September 2010. John Harold Johnson and <mask> edited WorksNitty Gritty: A White Editor in Black Journalism. The <mask> Collection, 1939-1999 consists of 46 archival boxes of material donated by <mask> to the Chicago Public Library.

masks:
Ben Burns
Benjamin Bernstein
Burns
Burns
Esther Burns
Burns
Burns
Burns
Burns
Burns
Burns
Burns
Burns
Burns
Burns
Burns
Burns
Alexander Burns
Burns
Burns
Ben Burns
Burns
Burns
Burns
Burns
Burns
Burns
Burns
Burns
Burns
Burns
Burns
Ben Burns
Ben Burns
Ben Burns
Burns


title: Victoire of France (1733–1799)

texts: The seventh child and fifth daughter of King Louis XV of France and Queen Maria Leszczyska was named <mask> de France. Her great-great-grandmother was the consort of Louis XIV of France and she was named after her. Madame Quatrime was the fourth daughter of the King and she was known as Madame Victoire. Her older sister Madame Adélade lived less than a year after she was born. Mesdames was 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 The Palace of Versailles is where Marie Louise Thérse Victoire de France was born. The older children of Louis XV were raised at the Palace of Versailles.She was sent to live at the Abbey of Fontevraud with her sisters because the cost of raising them in Versailles was too much. She was 15 when she stayed there. The Mesdames were not given much education and had a traumatic upbringing, according to Madame Campan. They were brought up in a convent far from the court. The reception of the King's daughters would have been better at Saint Cyr, since the Cardinal shared some of the same prejudices that had been raised against the establishment of Madame de Main. Madame Louise told me that she never learned to read until she returned to Versailles after twelve years of age. Madame <mask> said that the violent alarms she experienced at the Abbey of Fontevrault caused her to pray alone in the vault where the sisters were buried.The gardener was a member of the abbey. Mesdames were taken to repeat the prayers for those in the agonies of death in the chapel of the abbey. Their prayers were interrupted by the sound of a dying man. When she was fifteen, <mask> wrote to her father the king to ask permission to return to court. Marie-Angélique-<mask> de Bournonville was sent to collect her and meet her brother the crown prince at Sceaux. She was joined by her sisters. They were given their own Household of the Mesdames cadettes after they arrived at court.While their education had been neglected in the convent, they compensated for this and studied extensively after their return to court, with whom they immediately formed a close attachment: "When Mesdames, still very young, returned to Court, they enjoyed the friendship of Mon." They gave up most of their time to study, but they were able to write French correctly and have a good knowledge of history. The higher branches of mathematics, turning and dialing, filled up in their leisure moments. <mask> made a success at court and her father with her lively self-assurance and charm; she was also regarded to be a beauty and was described as being in perfect accordance with the goodness of her heart. In 1753 it was thought that she might marry her brother-in-law, Ferdinand VI of Spain, as his wife, Barbara of Portugal was expected to die. The Queen of Spain lived another five years despite her illness. The King came to refer to her as 'Coche' (Pig/Piggy/Sow) because she became quite overweight and he called her Madame A.Madame Adélade followed her sister's campaign against Madame du Barry and Madame de Pompadour because she viewed her mother as a role model. She had a close friendship with the lady-in-waiting of the Marquise de Durfort. The Princess spent most of her evenings with that lady. In contrast to her older sister,<mask> was well liked by both society and her staff. For the first time in their lives, <mask> and her sisters went to the waters in Lorraine for medical reasons, while their sisters went to Paris for the first time. The life of the sisters was described by Madame Campan. He didn't see much of his family.He entered the apartment by a private staircase. He drank the coffee that he made himself. <mask>e when she got to her sister's apartment, and Madame Louise rang for MadameAdelaide when she got to her sister's apartment. The apartments of Mesdames were very large. Madame Louise was in the farthest room. The poor Princess used to run with all her might to join the daily meeting but, having a number of rooms to cross, she frequently in spite of her haste, had only just time to embrace her father before he set out for the chase. Mesdames interrupted my reading every evening to accompany the princes to Louis XV.The time of unbooting was called the King's 'debotter'. It was marked by a kind of politeness. They hid the undress of the rest of their clothing with a long cloak of black taffety and fastened a long train round their waists. The ladies in waiting, the pages, the equerries, and the ushers accompanied them to the King. In a moment the whole palace, generally so still, was in motion; the King kissed each Princess on the forehead, and the visit was so short that the reading which it interrupted was frequently resumed at the end of a quarter of an hour. The fourteen-year-old Marie-Antoinette was married to the future Louis XIV of France. Marie-Antoinette was close to the Mesdames her first years in France as the senior royal women.The Mesdames used to accompany Marie Antoinette on official assignments. The close relationship between Marie-Antoinette and Mesdames was discontinued in 1772 after the attempt to humiliate Madame du Barry was unsuccessful. Madame <mask> and her sisters attended to their father Louis XV on his deathbed until his death from smallpox on 10 May. The male members of the royal family, as well as the crown princess, were kept away because of the high risk of catching the illness, despite the fact that the sisters had never had it. His grandson, Louis Auguste, referred to his aunts as Mesdames Tantes after his grandfather's death. After the death of the king, the court evacuated and kept the sisters in a little house near the Palace of Choisy, where they were kept in a sterile environment until they recovered. Their nephew the king allowed them to keep their apartments in the Palace of Versailles, and they attended court at special occasions, such as the visit of Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor.They traveled annually to Vichy, always with a retinue of at least three hundred people, and made the waters there fashionable, even though they distanced themselves from court. The Mesdames had a good relationship with their niece, Princess lisabeth of France, and often visited her in her retreat. The Mesdames didn't get along well with Marie-Antoinette. When the queen introduced the new custom of informal evening family suppers, it resulted in an exodus of the old court nobility in opposition to the queen's reforms, which gathered in the salon of the Mesdames. Their salon was frequently visited by the prince of Condé and the prince of Conti, both members of the Anti-Austrian party. The Austrian Ambassador reported that their salon was a center of intrigues against Marie Antoinette. The Mesdames gathered the extreme conservative Dévots party of the nobility against the philosophers and the economists.Madame <mask> and her sister were present at Versailles during the Parisian women's march to Versailles on 6 October 1789, and were among those gathered in the king's apartment on the night of the attack on Marie Antoinette's bedroom. They were part of the wagon train that left the Palace of Versailles for Paris, but their carriage separated from the rest of the procession before they reached Paris. They didn't live at the Tuileries with the royal family, but chose to retire to the Chteau de Bellevue at Meudon. They applied for passports from their nephew, the King, so they could travel to the Basilica of Saint Peter in Rome. The Cardinal de Bernis, the French Ambassador to Rome, was notified of their impending arrival. On 3 February 1791, when they were about to leave, anonymous notification of their intentions was sent to the Jacobin Club, which caused a deputation of protest to the National Assembly. The Mesdames were about to leave when a crowd of women gathered at Palais Royal and agreed to march to the Chteau de Bellevue.The chteau was left in the carriage of a visitor by the Mesdames. They didn't have time to bring their baggage wagons, so General Louis-Alexandre Berthier sent after them. They left for Italy in a procession of wagons. The press paid attention to their departure. Two Princesses, by condition, age, and taste, are suddenly possessed by a mania for travelling and running about the world. That is possible, but singular. People say that they are going to kiss the Pope's slipper.That is droll, but worth it. MadameAdelaide wants to exercise the rights of man. That is normal. The fair travellers are followed by a train. That is fine. They carry away twelve millions. That is very ugly.The Ladies are going to Italy to try the power of their tears and their charms on the princes of that country. MadameAdelaide was told that the Grand Master of Malta would give her his heart and hand as soon as she left France, and that she could count on the help of three galleys and forty-eight cavaliers. A counter-revolution is promised by our Holy Father when he agrees to marry Victoire. They were temporarily stopped by a riot against their departure in Moret, and on 21 February, they were held for several days at a tavern in Arnay-le-Duc, where the municipality wanted to confirm their permission to leave from the National. Protesters invaded the gardens of the Tuileries and demanded that the king order his aunts to return to France. The matter was debated in the National Assembly. The National Assembly was convinced by Mirabeau that the welfare of the people cannot be dependent on the journey the Ladies take to Rome; while they are promenading near the places where the Capitol once stood, nothing prevents the edifice of our liberty from rising to its utmost height.Europe will be astonished when it learns that the National Assembly of France spent four hours discussing the departure of two ladies who would rather hear Mass in Rome than in Paris. Because of a riot at Arnay-le-Duc, the sisters were not able to leave until March 3. They were exposed to public demonstrations between Lyon and the border. They crossed the border at Le Pont-de-Beauvoisin, Isre, where they were welcomed by cannons from the Italian shore. The royal guard of escort and the chief palace officials of the King of Sardinia installed them in the Chateau de Chambery. The Comte d'Artois and the Prince and Princess of Piedmont gave them a warm welcome when they visited their niece Clotilde at the royal court of Turin, but they only stayed for a fortnight. Mme Adelaide did not cry, but she had almost lost the use of speech.They stayed in Rome for about five years. The sisters were housed in the palace of the Cardinal de Bernis in Rome. In the Friday reception of Cardinal de Bernis, Cornelia Knight described them as having "great vivacity in her manner, and in the expression of her countenance." Madame <mask> had an agreeable face, good sense, and great sweetness of temper. Their dress was old-fashioned, but unostentatious. The poor emigrées who applied to the princesses in their distress were helped by the sale of the jewels they brought with them. They were highly respected by the Romans, not only by the higher orders, but also by the common people, who had a horror of the French revolution, and no partiality for that nation in general.At this news, the whole of Rome shouted with joy; the crowd massed itself under the windows of the Princesses; a misunderstanding first caused the impression that the escape had succeeded. The Mesdames arranged a grand banquet for the nobility of Rome in celebration, which had to be interrupted when it was learned that the escape had failed. After the invasion of Italy by Revolutionary France in 1796, Adélade and <mask> left Rome for Naples, where Marie Antoinette's sister, Maria Carolina, was queen. It was difficult for Queen Maria Carolina to host the two old Princesses of France in Naples. The same ceremonies are held in the interior of their apartments as they were at Versailles. After Naples was invaded by France in 1799, they settled in Trieste, where <mask> died of breast cancer. Adélade died a year later.At the time of the Bourbon Restoration, their bodies were returned to France and buried at the Basilica of Saint-Denis. This article is based on a translation of the same article on the French Wikipedia. There is a polka na francuskim tronie. Czytelnik. French people of Polish descent were buried at the Basilica of Saint-Denis Children of Louis XV.

masks: Victoire Victoire Victoire Victoire Victoire Victoire Victoire MadameVictoireSophi Victoire Victoire Victoire Victoire Victoire


title: Krishnachandran

texts: T. N<mask> is an actor, singer, and dubbing artist. His first movie was called Rathinirvedam. He was the voice of both Rahman and Kunchacko Boban. He won a state award for his work. He sang in over 1000 songs in Tamil and Malayalam movies and acted in over 30 movies. He was introduced to the Tamil film industry by a music director. The elder of two children of P. Narayana Raja and Nalini Raja was born on June 16, 1960.Meera is his younger sister. He attended GMHS, Nilambur. He obtained a bachelor's degree in Music from Government College Chittur, Palakkad. He has an M.A. There is a degree in Music at Madras University. He married a South Indian actress on May 11, 1986. They have a daughter who was born in 1990.They lived in Chennai from 1986 to 2005. They are currently living in Thiruvananthapuram. His daughter and her husband are currently in Canada. Makane Makan had a song called "Onnaam Thumbi". "Ravi Kandathellaam" was written by Ore Raktham.


title: Vojtech Tuka

texts: <mask> "Bla" <mask> was a Slovak politician who served as prime minister and minister of Foreign Affairs of the First Slovak Republic between 1939 and 1945. <mask> was involved in the deportation of Slovak Jews to Nazi concentration camps. He was the leader of the radical wing of the Slovak People's Party. The Hont County of the Kingdom of Hungary is where <mask> was born. He studied law at a number of universities. He was the youngest professor in the Kingdom of Hungary, teaching law in Pécs from 1914 to 1919. He worked as an editor in Bratislava after the dissolution of the university.He joined the Slovak People's Party after the founding of Czechoslovakia. <mask>'s rise to power was aided by growing sentiment. He was elected to the Presidium of the Countrywide Christian Socialist Party in 1919. He founded an armed militia in 1923. <mask> was a member of the Czechoslovak parliament. On January 1, 1928, <mask> published an article titled "Vacuum Juris", which alleged that there had been a suppressed annex to the 30 October 1918 "Martin Declaration", the Slovak version of the Czechoslovak declaration of independence. <mask> claimed that the annex stated that the declaration would only be valid for ten years after 30 October 1928.<mask> was charged with espionage and high treason. <mask> was found guilty and sentenced to 15 years' imprisonment. The Slovak Republic and <mask>'s rise to political power on 9 March 1939Czech troops moved into Slovakia in reaction to radical calls for independence from Slovak patriots, including <mask>, who had recently been released from prison. On 13 March Hitler took advantage of the "Homolov Putsch", prompting Jozef Tiso, the Slovak ex–prime minister and Roman Catholic priest deposed by the Czech troops, to declare Slovak independence on 14 March by an act of the Slovak Assembly. The Third Reich incorporated the Czech part of Czechoslovakia as a protectionate. <mask> was appointed Prime Minister of the new Slovak state immediately after Tiso became Prime Minister. The Salzburg Conference, concluded between Slovakia and the Reich in Salzburg, Austria on 28 July 1940, resulted in closer collaboration with Germany, and in <mask> and other political leaders increasing their powers at the expense of Tiso's original concept of a Catholic corporate state.<mask>, Hitler, Tiso, Alexander Mach, and the head of the local German minority attended the conference. The agreement called for dual command by the Slovak People's Party and the Hlinka Guard. The German representative in Slovakia was appointed by the Reich. Tiso had a conversation with Hitler. The conference resulted in the creation of two state agencies. On September 3, 1940, <mask> led the Slovak Assembly to pass a law that allowed the government to exclude Jews from the economic and social life of the country. The previous laws stripped them of political participation.<mask> and von Ribbentrop entered Slovakia into an alliance with Germany, Japan, and Italy. <mask>'s government sent an "adviser on Jewish affairs" to Bratislava in 1940. The Codex Judaicus, or Jewish Code, was composed by <mask> on the 9th of September 1941. The Slovak Constitution was shorter than the Code. It required that Jews wear the yellow star, that they pay their debts, and that they leave the Slovak capital. Slovakia was the first state to agree to the deportation of its Jewish citizens. The deportation of Slovakia's Jewish population to the eastern Nazi concentration camps was advocated by Tuka in 1942.<mask> was vice-chairman of the Slovak People's Party and Alexander Mach was the Internal Affairs Minister. The Slovak government was going to pay five hundred Reichsmark for each deported Jew. Tiso was aware of the deportations. Tiso gave a speech in 1942 justifying the deportations of Slovak Jews. After this speech, Hitler commented, "It is interesting how this little Catholic priest Tiso is sending us the Jews!" The Slovak Council of Ministers halted the deportation of Slovak Jews in October 1942. Pressure from Slovak clergy is one of the reasons for the sudden decision.The reason for the sudden halt was a meeting called by <mask> on August 11, 1942 according to a report by the Bratislava Sicherheitsdienst. At that meeting, <mask> and the secretary-general of the Industrial Union told the ministers that Slovakia's economy could not survive continued deportation of the Jews. Between March and October 1942, 57,700 Jews were sent to Nazi concentration camps by Slovakia. About 13,500 additional Jews were deported by the end of the war in April 1945, after the deportation of Slovak Jews was resumed in September 1944. By 1943, <mask>'s health had deteriorated to a point where his political activities were diminished and at the beginning of 1944, he was planning his resignation. He resigned a few days after the outbreak of the Slovak National Uprising. The whole government resigned when he was prime minister.tefan Tiso is a distant relative of Jozef Tiso. <mask> stopped taking part in Slovak political life after that. He was arrested by Allied troops following the capitulation of Germany and handed over to the officials of the renewed Czechoslovakia, after he had suffered a stroke and had to emigrate with his wife, nursing attendants, and personal doctor. <mask> <mask> was executed on 20 August 1946, after a brief trial. Slovak Jewish leaders persuaded the Czech cabinet to return property belonging to Slovak victims of the Holocaust after two years of lobbying. The name of Vojtech <mask> was included in a list of World War II–era Swiss bank account holders published by the Swiss Bankers Association. Frantiek Alexander, executive chairman of Slovakia's Central Association of Jewish Religious Communities, told The Slovak Spectator that the funds from the account should be allocated by an international council of justice.According to Jozef Weiss, head of the Association's office, the Association did not have the right to take money from Tuka's private account. Weiss suggested that the money should be used to maintain the graves of Slovak soldiers who died fighting alongside the Nazis against the Russians on the Eastern Front. The offices of the Foreign Minister and the central committee member of the HSS both paid over 10,000 Slovak crowns a month, according to a Slovak historian. He noted that <mask>'s living requirements were modest, even though he refused to speculate on the size of Tuka's dormant account. Evans, Richard J. The year 2009. The Third Reich was at war.New York: Penguin Press. James Mace was written by Ward. Jozef Tiso is a Priest and Politician. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press. B.m. b. v. There are links to births and deaths from Bansk tiavnica District and the Kingdom of Hungary.

masks:
Vojtech Lzar
Tuka
Tuka
Tuka
Tuka
Tuka
Tuka
Tuka
Tuka
Tuka
Tuka
Tuka
Tuka
Tuka
Tuka
Tuka
Tuka
Tuka
Tuka
Tuka
Tuka
Tuka
Tuka
Tuka
Vojtech
Tuka
Tuka
Tuka


title: William Oke

texts: <mask> was a newspaper publisher, politician, and District Court judge in Newfoundland. He was a member of the Newfoundland House of Assembly from 1898 to 1908. The grandson of <mask>, the first Chief Inspector, Newfoundland Lighthouse Service, was born in Harbour Grace on December 14, 1856. The whaleboat race that inspired the annual regatta in Harbour Grace was started by his father, who was a harbor pilot and lighthouse keeper on Harbour Grace Island. Nathaniel Snow, the assistant lighthouse keeper, and his father drowned when they fell through the ice near Salvage Rock while traveling to the lighthouse in February 1862. For the last 19 years of her life, "Fanny" was an invalid because she was in poor health. Robert Thomas Squarey, who had taken over as editor from <mask>, of the Harbor Grace Standard and Conception Bay Advertiser, was the one who apprenticeshipd Oke as a printer.After three years, he was promoted to foreman. The business was moved to Water Street East on 5 March 1873. John F. Munn ran the publishing business after his father's death. When the business changed to Munn & Oke, Ltd. on May 23, 1888, Oke took over the positions of business manager and publisher. The newspaper title was changed. The estate of J. F. Munn became the publishers and proprietors of the Standard in 1909. Ned was the proprietor of the Standard at the time of Oke's death.After the newspaper ceased publication in 1936, the business relied on commercial printing and lithographic services, shepherded eventually by Ned's son, <mask>. ThePitcher Plant Press was purchased by Memorial University of Newfoundland and used to print posters. The historic iron printing press that was used in Newfoundland for more than a century was hand-operated by three generations of the Oke family. The Queen Elizabeth II Library has a press on display. After running as a liberal under <mask> in the October 1897 Newfoundland general election, he won a seat in the 18th General Assembly of Newfoundland, led by the opposition Conservative Party of James Spearman Winter. After the Newfoundland general election, held on 8 November 1900, Sir Robert Bond led The Liberal Party and <mask> sat in the 19th General Assembly of Newfoundland from 1901 to 1904. In 1905, he was elected to the 20th General Assembly of Newfoundland.The structure of the British colony was changed in 1907 to give Newfoundland dominion status. Edward Patrick Morris resigned from the cabinet and formed the Newfoundland People's Party, which ran against the liberals in the Newfoundland general election. He was unsuccessful in his bid for a fourth term in the Member House Assembly seats for the Harbour Grace District. In 1905, he was appointed Justice of the Peace and Notary Public for the Colony. Alfred Henry Seymour, who was elected to represent Harbour Grace in the Newfoundland House of Assembly, was replaced as Judge of the Harbour Grace District Court by Oke. As a result of this new position, he removed himself from being a publisher. The District Court in Harbour Grace was abolished in 1935 due to the death of one of the judges.The Commissioner of the Supreme Court of Newfoundland was given the power to issue Original or Mesne Process and take affidavits for any cause pending in the Supreme Court. One of the National Historic Sites of Canada is the Harbour Grace Court House, which is the oldest surviving public building in Newfoundland. He was a member of the Board of Education for the District of Harbor Grace, was president of the Harbor Grace Literary Institute for seven years, and was an advocate for community athletics. The Newfoundland Patriotic Association is also known as the Men's Patriotic Association. He was elected president of the society. Insurance benefits were given to members in need because of illness or other circumstances. The Master of Lodge Harbor Grace is A.F.The tradition of Freemasonry in Newfoundland was passed down from family in England. Ned followed in his father's footsteps and was a member of the Masonic Fraternity for 45 years. 476 A.F. The oldest wooden Masonic building in Canada was built in 1867. Ned was an officer of the District Grand Lodge and an office bearer of the Grand Lodge of Scotland. The Sunday school of the Church of England was located in the west end of Harbour Grace. Sophia Lilla Snow was a school teacher in Harbour Grace when she was 17 years old.Sophia became the President of the Harbor Grace Branch of the Women's Patriotic Association of Newfoundland during World War I, was an officer in the Civil Division of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire, and was secretary of St. Paul's branch of the Church of England Association. They had two children. Annie Gladys Oke was married to the Rev. The rector of St. Paul's Anglican Church was Gordon Stewart Templeton. The Parish of the Bay of Islands was founded in 1934. <mask>'s son, Ned, married Jessica Sheppard. He organized the Harbor Grace branch of The Canadian Legion of the British Empire Services League, which is now the Royal Canadian Legion.Ned lent a pilot. The first flight by a Canadian from North America to England was carried out with a Webley & Scott flare pistol. There is a person named Harry Connor. The flight was notable for transporting mail with a surcharged stamp. The gun that was engraved to mark the historic flight is in the collection at the museum. Ned died in the home of Joey Smallwood, the premier, during a meeting to advance community interests. Mary Winifred Sheppard was the daughter of Nathaniel Sheppard, who was a lighthouse keeper on Harbour Grace Island.The site for the first civil airport in North America was suggested by John, who was a Harbour Grace Water Company Secretary and Collector. The first pilots to use the airfield were Edward F. Schlee and <mask>. Brock, who attempted to set a speed record for a round-the-world flight. The Harbour Grace airfield was designated an Events of National Historic Significance (Canada) in 1951. The Harbour Grace Regatta, the second oldest continuous sporting event in North America, was founded by Edward Langdon <mask>, II in 1989. The members of the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly have died.

masks:
William Austin Oke
Robert Oke
William Squarey
William Austin
William Whiteway
Oke
Edward Oke
William S
Oke


title: Hocine Soltani

texts: <mask> was a boxer who won two Olympic medals. At the 1996 Summer Olympics, he won the gold medal in the lightweight division. On December 27, 1972 <mask> was born in Algeria. He was introduced to boxing by his brother. He quickly proved that it was a school of life and discipline that allowed him not to drag. <mask> used his left hand as a low guard in the southpaw stance. He was third at the 1991 World Amateur Boxing Championships.At the 1992 Summer Games in Barcelona, Spain, <mask> was selected for the Olympics for the first time. He was defeated in the semi final by a gold medal winner. At the end of the Barcelona Olympics, the goal was to win the gold again. It was an even higher level for us. The World Championships and the African Championships were not related to Hocine. At the 1996 Summer Games in Atlanta, United States, <mask> competed in the lightweight division. He defeated Vahdettin sever with a points decision in the first round.He won 11-1 against Agnaldo Nunes of Brazil in the second round. The decisions were close from the quarter finals onwards. <mask> defeated Shin Eun-Chul of South Korea by a score of 16-10) and Leonard Doroftei of Romania by a score of 9-6 in the semifinals. The final of the Atlanta Games was between <mask> and Tontcho Tontchev. <mask> was given a penalty by the referee for leveling the score, but he still led the game by two points. The victory was given to <mask> after a count back, where each hit scored by the two boxers is counted. Algeria had never won an Olympic gold medal in boxing.<mask> made his professional debut against Michael Jobert on November 30, 1998 at the Palais des Sports in Paris, France, winning by technical knockout. He defeated David Sarraille with a knockout in France in 1999, after defeating Aziz Makloufi with a points decision. <mask> fought in Algeria for the last time on January 27 2000 against Fabrice Colombel in a split decision. His nephew, Mebarek <mask>, competed for Algeria at the 2000 and 2004 Summer Olympics in boxing, but did not match his uncle's success, being unable to win any medals. Following his retirement from boxing, <mask> began working in the import and exporting of cars in Marseille, where he had settled with his wife and child. He went to meet a man who wanted to export two cars to Algeria. He would not be seen by his family again.He was rumored to have moved to the United States or Japan over the course of the next two years. When a body was found in 2004, the idea that it could be <mask> was met with skepticism by his brother, but DNA tests proved that it was the missing ex-boxer. Sotani's mother traveled to France from Algeria to give the investigators a baseline with which to compare the evidence. The body was buried in Algeria. The man with whom <mask> met was arrested and sentenced to eight years in prison for kidnapping and the subsequent death of the victim.

masks:
Hocine Soltani
Hocine Soltani
Soltani
Soltani
Soltani
Soltani
Soltani
Soltani
Soltani
Hocine
Hocine
Soltani
Soltani
Soltani
Soltani