title: Irving Berlin

texts: One of the greatest songwriters in history was <mask>, who was born on May 11, 1888. His music is part of the Great American Songbook. Berlin was born in Imperial Russia and arrived in the United States at the age of five. He published his first song, "Marie from Sunny Italy", in 1907, and had his first hit, "Alexander's Ragtime Band", in 1911. The Music Box Theatre was owned by him. Berlin was a limited piano player because he couldn't read sheet music and only played in the key of F-sharp. "Alexander's Ragtime Band" sparked an international dance craze in places as far away as Berlin's native Russia, which flung itself into the ragtime beat with an abandon bordering on mania".He was known for writing music and lyrics that were uncomplicated, simple and direct, with his stated aim being to reach the heart of the average American. Walter Cronkite said at Berlin's 100th birthday tribute that he helped write the story of this country, capturing the best of who we are and the dreams that shape our lives. He was famous before he turned 30 because of the hundreds of songs he wrote. He wrote an estimated 1,500 songs, including the scores for 20 original Broadway shows and 15 original Hollywood films, with his songs nominated eight times for Academy Awards. "Anything You Can Do (I Can Do Better)", "Alexander's Ragtime Band", "Easter Parade", "Puttin' on the Ritz", "Cheek to Cheek", "White Christmas", "Happy Holiday", "Anything You Can Do (I His Broadway musical and 1943 film This Is the Army, with Ronald Reagan, had Kate Smith singing Berlin's "God Bless America" which was first performed in 1938. Berlin's songs have reached the top of the charts 25 times and have been extensively re- recorded by many singers.Berlin died at the age of 101. Berlin is included with Stephen Foster, Walt Whitman, and Carl Sandburg as a "great American minstrel", someone who has "caught and immortalized in his songs what we say, what we think about, and what we believe." Gershwin and Kern both said thatIrving Berlin has no place in American music. Israel Beilin was born in the Russian Empire on May 11, 1888. He was born in Tyumen, Siberia, according to documents. He was one of eight children. Many Jewish families in the late 19th century relocated to America due to the cantor in the synagogue.The family left the old continent on the Red Star Line. The family arrived at Ellis Island in New York City in 1893. Israel was put in a pen with his brother and five sisters until they were allowed into the city. "Beilin" was changed to "Baline" after they arrived. He was lying on a blanket by the side of a road, watching his house burn to the ground, as an adult Berlin admitted to no memories of his first five years in Russia. The house was destroyed by the sun. Berlin didn't know he was raised in poverty until he was an adult.Hundreds of thousands of Jewish families migrated to the United States in the late 1800s and early 1900s, escaping discrimination, poverty and brutal pogroms. Other families included the Gershwins, Jolsons, Tuckers, Gilberts, and Warners. After moving to New York City, the Baline family lived in a basement flat on Monroe Street before moving to a three-room tenement on Cherry Street. In order to support his family, his father took a job at a kosher meat market and taught Hebrew. <mask> was thirteen years old when he died. <mask> was only eight years old when he began helping to support his family. He became a newspaper boy.Alexander Woollcott, Berlin's biographer and friend, said that Berlin was knocked into the river by a swinging crane when he stopped to look at a ship departing for China. He had five pennies in his fist when he was fished out after going down for the third time. Three of his sisters worked wrapping cigars for immigrant girls, while his mother took a job as a midwife. His older brother worked in a sweatshop. Each evening, when the family came home from their day's work, Bergreen writes, "they would deposit the coins they had earned that day into Lena's outspread apron." Philip Furia wrote that when "Izzy" began to sell newspapers, he was exposed to the music and sounds coming from saloons and restaurants that lined the crowded streets. People threw coins at <mask> when he sang some of the songs he heard while selling papers.He told his mother that he wanted to become a singing waiter in a saloon. Before Berlin was fourteen, his meager income was still adding less to the family's budget than his sisters', which made him feel worthless. He joined the city's ragged army of other young immigrants. The thousands of homeless boys in the Lower East Side were sheltered in one of the lodging houses. "Dickensian in their meanness, filthy, and insensitivity to ordinary human beings" is what Bergreen describes them as. Berlin realized that formal employment was out of the question when he left school at the age of thirteen. He was able to sing because of his father's vocation as a singer, and he was part of a group that went to saloons on the Bowery and sang to customers.Young singers were common on the Lower East Side. Berlin would try to get people to give him a few pennies by singing popular songs on the street. He became streetwise from the seamy surroundings. He picked up the language and culture of the ghetto lifestyle, because music was his only source of income. Bergreen writes that "well-known tunes expressing simple sentiments were the most reliable." In 1906, when he was 18, he got a job as a singing waiter at the Pelham Cafe in Chinatown, after plugging songs at Tony Pastor's Music Hall in Union Square. He sang parodies of hit songs to the delight of his customers.In Berlin's free time after hours, he taught himself to play the piano. After the bar closed, young Berlin would sit at a piano in the back and start playing. He received 33 cents for the publishing rights to his first song, "Marie from Sunny Italy", which he wrote with Mike Nicholson. The spelling of his name was incorrect on the sheet music. Berlin continued to write and play music at the cafe. He liked the words to other people's songs but sometimes the rhythms were boggy and he might change them. George M. Cohan was a kid who was getting known on Broadway with his own songs.Everybody in the joint applauded the feisty little fellow when Berlin ended with Cohan's "Yankee Doodle Boy". A staff member at the Harry Von Tilzer Company was so taken with Berlin's talent that he tried to get him a job with the company. Von Tilzer hired Berlin because he loved Max so much that he claimed to have discovered a great kid. <mask> worked at Jimmy Kelly's in the Union Square neighborhood when he was 20. There, he was able to work with other young writers. In 1909, the year of the premiere of The Melting Pot, he got another big break as a staff lyricist. Berlin wrote "Alexander's Ragtime Band", a song that appeared on Broadway.The first world-famous hit, "Alexander's Ragtime Band", was introduced by Emma Carus, followed by a performance from Berlin. He was the featured performer at Oscar Hammerstein's house, where he introduced dozens of other songs. Two hundred of his street friends came to see " their boy" on stage, and all the little writer could do was finger the buttons on his coat. "Alexander's Ragtime Band" was described as a march, not a rag, by Richard Corliss in a Time profile of Berlin. The tune revived the fervor of Scott Joplin, who had begun a decade earlier. In 1927 and 1937, the song was near the top of the charts as others sang it. 1 was written by Bing Crosby and Connee Boswell."Alexander" had a dozen hit versions in less than 50 years, with the addition of Ray Charles's big-band version in 1959. Broadway producer Jesse Lasky was uncertain about using the song in his show, but he did include it. It was dropped from the show's score after it failed to impress audiences. Berlin thought it was a failure. The musical sensation of the decade was written by him, and he played it again in a Broadway Review. Gershwin said that it was the first real American musical work and that Berlin had shown us the way. Berlin wasflabbergasted by the international popularity of the song and wondered why it became a hit.The lyrics were silly though it was, and the melody started the heels and shoulders of all America and a good section of Europe. Berlin introduced "That International Rag", a song he had written for the occasion, in Hello Ragtime. Furia writes that the international success of "Alexander's Ragtime Band" gave ragtime "new life and sparked a national dance craze". The Castles were two dancers who expressed that craze. Berlin wrote "Watch Your Step" in 1914, which starred the couple and showcased their talents on stage. Berlin's first complete score was that musical revue. Furia says that Berlin's songs signify the cultural struggle between Victorian gentility and the "purveyors of liberation, indulgence, and leisure."The first of his famous "double" songs was "Play a Simple Melody", in which two different melodies and lyrics are counterpointed against one another. The first syncopated musical was called "Watch Your Step" by Variety. The success of the show was dependent on Berlin's name alone. Variety said the show was a hit. "That youthful marvel of syncopated melody is proving things in "Watch Your Step", and that he is not alone a rag composer, and that he is one of the greatest lyric writers America has ever seen," it said. Russia, the country Berlin's family was forced to leave, flung itself into the ragtime beat with an abandon bordering on mania. Prince Felix Yusupov, a recent Oxford undergraduate of Russian noble lineage and heir to the largest estate in Russia, was described by his dance partner as "wriggling around the ballroom like a demented worm, screaming for more ragtime and more champagne."Berlin's songs came out of his sadness. He married the sister of E. Ray Goetz in 1912. They honeymooned in Havana and she died six months later. "When I Lost You" was his first song. It was a hit and sold more than a million copies. He adapted his style by writing more love songs after realizing that ragtime was not a good musical style for serious romantic expression. The song "I Love a Piano" was written in 1915.By 1918 he had written hundreds of songs. Many of the songs were for new dances, such as the chicken walk or foxtrot. He wrote "That Hula-Hula" after the Hawaiian dance craze began. He created a few new songs every week, including songs for the various immigrant cultures arriving from Europe. Berlin, whose face was still not known, entertained fellow passengers on a train trip with some music. Berlin modestly replied "I wrote them" when they asked how he knew so many hit songs. One of Berlin's "first big guns" was a song he wrote during his transition from writing ragtime to lyrics.The musical's lead song was written for Ziegfeld's Follies of 1919. The theme song in the 1936 film The Great Ziegfeld became the theme because of its popularity. In comparison to Berlin's earlier music, it is extraordinary that such a development in style and sophistication should have taken place in a single year. On April 1, 1917, after President Wilson declared that America would enter World War I, Berlin felt that Tin Pan Alley should support the war with inspiring songs. Berlin wrote the song, "For Your Country and My Country", stating that "we must speak with the sword not the pen to show our appreciation to America for opening up her heart and welcoming every immigrant group." The song "Let's All Be Americans Now" was co-written by him. When Berlin was drafted into the United States Army in 1917, the paper headline read "Army Takes Berlin!"Berlin was told by the Army to write songs. "Yip Yip Yaphank" was written to be a patriotic tribute to the United States Army and was composed while he was stationed with the 152nd depot brigade. The show was taken to Broadway where it included a number of hits. He performed "How I Hate to Get Up in the Morning". The camp service center received $150,000 from the shows. He wrote a song for the show but decided not to use it. After the war, <mask> and Sam Harris built the Music Box Theater.He kept an interest in the theater throughout his life, and even in his last years he would call the Shubert Organization to check on the receipts. The theater was a showcase for Berlin shows. He looked after every detail of his shows as a theater owner, producer and composer. According to David Leopold, the only Broadway house built to accommodate the works of a writer was the theater located at 239 West 45th St. It was the home of Berlin's "Music Box Revue" from 1921 to 1925 and "As Thousands Cheer" in 1933. Berlin wrote the scores to the two editions of the Ziegfeld Follies. "Say It With Music", "Everybody

masks:
Irving Berlin
Irving
Irving
Young Berlin
Berlin
Berlin


title: Irving Berlin

type: paraphrased

texts: Step", and "Pack Up Your Things and Go to the Devil" were some of the songs that were included in Berlin's "Music Box Revues".According to Life magazine, couples at country-club dances grew misty-eyed when the band went into "Always" because they were positive that Berlin had written it for them. Berlin gave eloquence to their heartbreak by way of "What'll I Do" and "Remember" when they quarreled and parted in the 1920s. What will I do? This song was a hit for Paul Whiteman and he had several other successful recordings. The song went to no more than twenty-four years later. Nat Cole and no. For Frank Sinatra.He wrote "Always" when he fell in love with Ellin. The first version of the song became a hit for two people. In 1944–45 there were four more hit versions. The song was taken to no by Sammy Turner. The R&B chart has 2 on it. It became a postmortem anthem. 18 on the country chart in 1980, 17 years after her death.A two-year run in Nashville ended in 1995. There is a cover of this song on Leonard Cohen's 1992 album The Future. He wrote "Blue Skies" after his first daughter's birth to express his feelings about being married and a father for the first time. The song was introduced in Betsy. It was a hit for Ben Selvin in 1927. The Jazz Singer was the first feature sound film and it was performed by Al Jolson. In 1946, it was back in the top 10 on the charts.Willie Nelson did not approve of the song in 1978. 52 years after it was written, one country hit. One of Berlin's most "intricately syncopated chorus" is associated with Fred Astaire, who sang and danced to it in the 1946 film Blue Skies. The song was written in 1928 and introduced in a 1930 film by Harry Richman. Clark Gable sang it in a movie. In 1974 it was used in a movie by MelBrooks. It was a hit for the artist.In 2012 it was used for a wedding. Rudy Vallée's "Marie" was a hit in 1929 and Tommy Dorsey's version was a hit in 1937. It was on the charts. 13 in 1953 for The Four Tunes. 36 years have passed since the first appearance of 15 for the Bachelors. Rudy Vallée's song "Say It Isn't So" was a hit with George Olsen, Connee Boswell, and Ozzie Nelson's band. 31 years later, Franklin produced a single of the song.When Vallée first introduced the song on his radio show, he saved his marriage by singing Berlin's romantic lyrics on the air. Dick Powell recorded "I've Got My Love to Keep Me Warm" in 1937. It had four top-12 versions, including one by Les Brown, who took it to no. 1. The song "God Bless America" was written by Berlin twenty years before Kate Smith needed a patriotic song to mark the end of World War I. The New York Times stated that the release near the end of the Depression had a "strain of official patriotism intertwined with a religious faith that runs deep in the American psyche." Berlin's daughter states that the song was intended as an expression of her father's deep gratitude to the nation for allowing him to become a successful writer.Berlin said "'God Bless America' was not just a song but an expression of my feeling toward the country to which I owe what I have and what I am." Berlin was giving him what he would have said was everything, according to The Economist magazine. After America entered World War II, it became a second national anthem. Berlin assigned all royalties to the Boy Scouts and Girl Scouts. Berlin received a Congressional Gold medal for their contribution to the song. After the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center, U.S. senators and congressmen stood on the capitol steps and sang the song. Major league baseball is one of the sports teams that play it.The hockey team in Philadelphia started playing it. The "Miracle on Ice" was the greatest upset in sports history when the U.S. Olympic hockey team won the gold medal in 1980. He did write a number of book shows, though most of his works for the Broadway stage took the form of revues. The Cocoanuts was a comedy with a cast that included the Marx Brothers. Moss Hart's book Face the Music was a political satire and Louisiana Purchase was a satire of a Southern politician. As Thousands Cheer was a revue with a book by Moss Hart and a theme: each number was presented as an item in a newspaper, some of them touching on issues of the day. "Supper Time", a song about racial violence inspired by a newspaper headline, was one of the hit songs of the show."If one song can tell the whole tragic history of a race, it's 'Supper Time'," she once said. I told my comfortable, well-fed, well-dressed listeners about my people, those who had been slaves and those who were now oppressed. Berlin wrote many songs reflecting his patriotism during World War II. The Treasury Secretary asked for a song to encourage Americans to buy war bonds. The United States Treasury Department was assigned all royalties. He assigned all profits from his songs to various government agencies, including the American Red Cross, the U.S. Army and "I paid my income tax today". Berlin began writing patriotic songs after the United States joined World War II.He wrote a stage show called "This Is The Army". Washington, D.C. was where President Franklin D. Roosevelt attended. In close proximity to battle zones, it was shown at military bases throughout the world, including London, North Africa, Italy, Middle East, and Pacific countries. The show contained a cast of 300 men and Berlin wrote nearly three dozen songs. He traveled with the production and always sang "Oh! I don't like to get up in the morning. The show kept him away from his family for three and a half years, and he turned over all profits to the Army Emergency Relief Fund.The play was adapted into a movie in 1943, starring Ronald Reagan as an army lieutenant. Kate Smith sang "God Bless America" in the film with a backdrop showing families anxious over the coming war. The show toured the battlefronts of Europe and became a hit movie. The shows and movie raised more than $10 million for the Army, and in recognition of his contributions, President Harry S. Truman awarded Berlin the Medal for Merit. His daughter remembered that when her father appeared in the second act of "This is the Army" on Broadway, he sang "Oh, How I am." She said those years with the show were the most thrilling time of his life, and that he was in his 50s at the time. "Annie Get Your Gun" was 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780 800-313-5780The music and lyrics were written by <mask>, with a book by Herbert Fields and his sister, and directed by Joshua Logan. <mask> refused to take on the job because he didn't know anything about hillbilly music, but the show ran for 1,147 performances and became his most successful score. <mask> thought Rodgers and Hammerstein didn't like the song "There's No Business Like Show Business" so they almost left it out of the show. It became the "ultimate uptempo show tune". On the origin of another of the play's leading songs, he and Hammerstein discussed wanting another duet between Annie and Frank. <mask> wrote the song "Anything You Can Do" a few hours later after he overheard their conversation. One reviewer commented that the play's tough wisecracking lyrics are as tersely all-knowing as its melody, which is nailed down in brassy syncopated lines that have been copied, but never equaled in sheer melodic memorability.Now that I know that he wrote the score after a long separation from his wife and daughters, it means more to me than ever. When compared to his earlier works, the perfect score was a profound shock. There was a "creative spurt" in which Berlin turned out several songs for the score in a single weekend. His daughter said that hesweated blood to write his songs. Berlin's best musical theatre score is Annie Get Your Gun because of the number of hits it contains, but also because of its songs that combine character and plot development. "There's No Business Like Show Business" became Ethel Merman's trademark. <mask>'s next show, Miss Liberty, was disappointing, but Call Me Madam, based on the famous Washington hostess Perle Mesta, did better.<mask> tried to write a musical about his friend and con man brother. There is a manuscript of Act I in the Library of Congress. Songs from Wise Guy have been published and recorded, but never produced. He returned to Broadway at the age of 74 after a failed attempt at retirement. Although it ran for eight months, it was not one of his best plays. <mask> spent his remaining years in New York after announcing his retirement. "An Old-Fashioned Wedding" was written for the 1966 Broadway revival of Annie Get Your Gun.This was one of Berlin's last published compositions. <mask> kept a low profile through the last decades of his life, almost never appearing in public after the late 1960s. He kept control of his songs through his own music publishing company for the rest of his life. The Jazz Singer, with Al Jolson, featured his song "Blue Skies" in 1927. Bing Crosby, Fred Astaire, Judy Garland, Ginger Rogers, and Alice Faye starred in Berlin's first film musicals. There was a brand new score for Top Hat, as well as several others, including Follow the Fleet, On the Avenue, Carefree, and Second Fiddle. Alexander's Ragtime Band started with new songs and existing ones.He made Holiday Inn, Blue Skies, Easter Parade, and There's No Business Like Show Business. "White Christmas", one of the most recorded songs in history, was introduced in the 1942 film Holiday Inn. Over 50 million records have been sold since it was first sung in the film by Bing Crosby and Marjorie Reynolds. 1 is on the pop and R&B charts. Crosby's version is the best-selling single of all time. The song also evokes a primordial longing for roots, home and childhood that goes way beyond the greeting imagery. After America entered World War II, the song was even more significant because it connected with GIs in their first winter away from home.Carl Sandburg wrote, "We have learned to be a little sad and a little lonesome without being sickly about it." In the song of a thousand jukeboxes and tune whistled in streets and homes, this feeling is caught. I'm dreaming of a white Christmas. We don't hate anyone when we sing that. Sometimes we're going to have things we love if the breaks are not too bad. <mask> catches us where we love peace. <mask> won an Academy Award for Best Music in an Original Song for "White Christmas", one of seven Oscar nominations he received during his career.It became a top 10 seller for many artists, including Frank Sinatra, Jo Stafford, Ernest Tubb, The Ravens and The Drifters. It was the last time a Berlin song went to no. 1 after its release. Berlin is the only Academy Award winner to open the "envelope" and read his or her name. The Academy changed the rules of protocol after Berlin had to present the Oscar to himself. Talking about <mask>'s "White Christmas", composer–lyricist Garrison Hintz stated that the final result should sound simple. Mr. <mask> achieved all that was necessary to eventually sell over 100 million copies of "White Christmas" and capture the hearts of the American public at the same time.Saul Bornstein is a song writer. Berlin's publishing company manager said it was a ritual to write a complete song, words and music every day. Berlin didn't believe in inspiration and felt that his most successful compositions were the result of work. He said that he did most of his work under pressure. After dinner, he would start writing at 4 or 5 in the morning. He wrote another song at night and brought it down the next day. He asked Victor Herbert if he should study composition because he wasn't sure about his own writing abilities.Mr. Herbert said that he had a natural gift for words and music. Learning theory might help you a little, but it could hurt your style. Berlin listened to his advice. Herbert was behind the creation of the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers. Since 1914, Berlin has been a charter member of the organization that protects the royalties of composers and writers. <mask> became a member of the French Society of Authors, Composers, and Publishers in 1920. Berlin said that it's the lyrics that make a song a hit, although the tune

masks:
Berlin
Berlin
Berlin
Berlin
Berlin
Berlin
Berlin
Berlin
Irving Berlin
Berlin
Irving Berlin
Berlin
Irving Berlin


title: Irving Berlin

texts: is what makes it last.He played the key of F sharp so that he could stay on the black keys, and he owned three transposing pianos so that he could change keys with a lever. Berlin didn't change his method of making music for a musical secretary. Many admirers of the music of Cole Porter, Richard Rodgers and Jerome Kern were unlikely to consider Berlin's work in the same category because they forgot or never realized that Berlin wrote many popular tunes. He wrote more romantic melodies, such as "What'll I Do?" "Always". Berlin's lyrics reveal a constant awareness of the world around him: the pulse of the times, the society in which his is functioning. There is no hothouse about his work in the city.The essence of <mask>'s lyrics was his "faith in the American vernacular" and was so profound that his best-known songs "seem indivisible from the country's history and self- image". George Gershwin, Richard Rodgers, Oscar Hammerstein II, and Cole Porter brought together Afro-American, Latin American, rural pop, and European operetta. Berlin did not follow that method. Berlin's songs were always simple, "exquisitely crafted street songs whose diction feels so natural that one barely notices the craft, they seem to flow straight out of the rhythms and inflections of everyday speech." Gershwin claimed that ragtime, which became jazz, was the only musical idiom in existence that could express America. Cole Porter's music style was considered more "witty, sophisticated, and dirty" by a musicologist. Only Porter and Berlin wrote their own words and music.Porter was a Yale-educated and wealthy Midwesterner whose songs were not successful until he was in his thirties. Berlin got Porter the show that launched his career. He married the sister of one of Berlin's co-conspirators in February 1912. When she returned to New York, doctors were unable to treat her illness because they couldn't find a cure for it. She passed away on July 17 of that year. After Goetz's death, he was left with writer's block and wrote his first song, "When I Lost You". He fell in love with a young heiress, Ellin Mackay, a daughter of Clarence Mackay, the socially prominent head of the Postal Telegraph Cable Company.The press found the romance of an immigrant from the Lower East Side and a young heiress to be a good story because Berlin was Jewish and she was a Catholic of Irish descent. Her father opposed the match from the beginning. He sent her to Europe to find other men and forget Berlin. Berlin wooed her with letters and songs on the radio, and she wrote him daily. According to Philip Furia, newspapers reported that she was engaged before she came back from Europe. She and Berlin were besieged by the press after her return. According to Variety, her father said that their marriage would only happen over his dead body.They decided to elope and wed in a civil ceremony at the Municipal Building. The New York Times had the wedding news on their front page. The marriage took her father by surprise. The bride's mother wanted her daughter to follow her own heart, even though she was divorced. <mask> went to her mother's home before the wedding to get her blessing. The bride's father was reported to have disowned his daughter because of the marriage. Berlin gave the rights to "Always", a song still played at weddings, to her as a wedding present.Regardless of what happens with the marriage, Ellin was guaranteed a steady income. After the death of the <mask>s' son, <mask> Jr., on Christmas Day in 1928, Mackay and the <mask>s reconciled. They were inseparable until she died in July 1988 at the age of 85. They had four children, including <mask>, Jr., who died in infancy in 1928. Berlin's producer and composer George M. Cohan made a toast to the young Berlin at a Friar's Club dinner in 1916. He hasn't forgotten his friends, he doesn't wear funny clothes, and you will find his watch and handkerchief in his pockets, where they belong. Furia says he returned to his old neighborhoods in Union Square, Chinatown, and the Bowery often.When he was a child, he ate scraps, wore secondhand clothes, and slept under tenement steps. He said that every man should have a Lower East Side. Berlin resided in New York City from 1947 to 1989 at 17 Beekman Place. Berlin was found to be "very nervous", with a habit of pressing his hair down in back and "picking up any stray crumbs left on a table after a meal". While listening, he leans forward tensely, with his hands clasped below his knees, like a prizefighter waiting in his corner for the bell. Berlin's daughter wrote in her memoir that her father was an upbeat person with down periods. He retreated from public life in the last decades of his life.He didn't attend the 100th birthday celebration at Carnegie Hall. Her parents liked to celebrate every single holiday with their children, and they seemed to understand the importance, particularly in childhood, of the special day, the same every year, the special stories, foods, and decorations and that special sense of well-being that accompanies a holiday. He didn't say anything to his daughter about her mother's Christmas spending. It was easier to make more money. Berlin's song "I Like Ike" was used in the Eisenhower campaign, despite Berlin voting for both the Democratic and Republican presidential candidates. He became more conservative when it came to his views on music. His daughter said he was consumed by patriotism.He often said, "I owe all my success to my adopted country" and once rejected his lawyers' advice to invest in tax shelters. I love this country. Berlin was a member of the Freemasons. The Mecca Shrine Temple is in New York City. Berlin was a supporter of civil rights. Berlin was honored by the National Conference of Christians and Jews in 1944 for their efforts to eliminate religious and racial conflict. "This Is The Army" was the first integrated division army unit in the United States.He was one of the twelve most outstanding Americans of Jewish faith. He was religiously neutral, even though he was Jewish. <mask>'s support of the Civil Rights movement made him a target of the FBI. Death <mask> died in his sleep at his 17 Beekman Place town house in Manhattan on September 22, 1989, of a heart attack and natural causes. He was buried in the Bronx. The marquee lights of Broadway playhouses were turned off on the evening of his death. <mask>'s words and music will help define the history of our nation according to President George H. W. Bush.Just minutes before the President's statement was released, he joined a crowd of thousands to sing Berlin's "God Bless America" at a luncheon in Boston. Ronald Reagan, who co-starred in Berlin's 1943 musical This Is the Army, said, "Nancy and I are deeply saddened by the death of a wonderfully talented man whose musical genius delighted and stirred millions and will live on forever." Morton Gould, the composer and conductor who was president of the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP), said that Berlin touched so many people in so many age groups. He sounded our deepest feelings. Ginger Rogers told The Associated Press that working with Berlin had been like heaven. After his death in 1989, The New York Times wrote, "<mask> set the tone and the pace for the tunes America played and sang and danced to for much of the 20th century." The "classic rags-to-riches story that he never forgot could have happened only in America" was the life of an immigrant from Russia.He was a legend by the time he turned 30 and wrote an estimated 1,500 songs. He wrote the scores for 20 original Broadway shows and 15 original Hollywood films, with his songs nominated for Academy Awards eight times. In scope, quantity, and quality, his work was amazing. AnnePhillips says that the man is an American institution. From 1907 to 1966 he produced sheet music, Broadway shows, recordings, and scores played on radio, in films and on television, and his tunes evoke powerful emotions for millions around the world. "Alexander's Ragtime Band", "Cheek to Cheek", "There's No Business Like Show Business", and "Blue Skies" are some of the songs he wrote. "Easter Parade", "White Christmas" and "Happy Holiday" are some of his holiday anthem songs.One of the most popular songs of all time, "White Christmas" has sold over 50 million records and is one of the most played songs of all time. On September 11, 2001, members of the House of Representatives stood on the steps of the Capitol and solemnly sang "God Bless America". The song came back to no. The title track of a 9/11 benefit album was recorded by Dion shortly after 9/11. The Postal Service issued a stamp of Berlin. The Boy Scouts and Girl Scouts of New York received more than $10 million in royalties from "God Bless America" as a result of Berlin's donation. Gary Giddins says that no one else has written as many pop songs.In 1934, Time put him on its cover and hailed him as an American institution. In 1943, the same magazine described his songs as follows, "They possess a permanence not generally associated with Tin Pan Alley products and it is more than remotely possible that in days to come Berlin will be looked upon as the Stephen Foster of the 20th century." He wrote songs for different causes, such as helping the war against Hitler, defending the gold standard, and supporting Al Smith as a presidential candidate. David Leopold says that all of us know his songs. The career of <mask> and American music were intertwined forever--American music was born at his piano, according to composer Sammy Cahn. He couldn't have a holiday without his permission. Douglas Moore said that it's a rare gift that sets <mask> apart.It is a gift that qualifies him as a great American minstrel, along with Stephen Foster, Walt Whitman, Vachel Lindsay and Carl Sandburg. What we say, what we think about, and what we believe are all caught in his songs. According to the records of the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers, 25 of Berlin's songs reached the top of the charts and were re- recorded by dozens of famous singers over the years, such as Eddie Fisher, Al Jolson, Bing Crosby, Frank Sinatra, Barbra The Story of <mask> was written by Alexander Woollcott when Berlin was 36. One writer said that the significance of <mask> may be the last word on it. He honestly absorbs the people, manners and life of his time and, in turn, gives these impressions back to the world. George Gershwin said that <mask> is the greatest writer that has ever lived, and that each one of his songs is as beautiful as possible.I think <mask> is America's Schubert. <mask> has had more influence on American music than any other man. <mask> was the first to free the American song from the nauseating sentimentality which had previously characterized it, and by introducing and perfect ragtime he had actually given us the first germ of an American musical idiom. The Academy Award for Best Original Song was given for "White Christmas" in Holiday Inn. General George Marshall received the US Army medal of merit. Call Me Madam won the Tony Award for Best Score in 1951. President Eisenhower received a Congressional Gold medal for his patriotic songs.The Tony Award was given in 1963. The gramophone lifetime achievement award was given in 1968. The first annual Induction and Awards Ceremony of the Songwriters Hall of Fame took place in New York City in 1970. President Gerald Ford received the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1977. The citation states that <mask> has captured the deepest emotions of the American people in the form of popular music. The Tony Award was given to Lawrence Langner. The Statue of Liberty has a medal.The 100th-birthday celebration concert was held on May 11, 1988. The Jewish-American Hall of Fame was established in 1988. There is a star on the Walk of Fame. The American Theater Hall of Fame. There are scores produced by Berlin in the following list. Although some of the plays using his songs were later adapted to films, the list will not include the film unless he was the primary composer. Stage watch your stepLook! Listen! "GAMING WITH CHRONICISM?" The Songs of <mask> Berlin have extra- diatonic melodic expression. Berry, David Carson. Intralég 13, 1–62, "The Affective Role of Melodic Ascent and Other Linear Devices in Selected Song Verses of <mask>." Charles, ed.The year (1994). Songs of the early 20th century. Music of the United States of America. 2. A-R Editions is in Madison, Wisconsin. Jeffrey Magee was killed in the line of duty. The American Musical Theatre is named after <mask>.Oxford: Oxford University Press. The year 2012 The reader is named after <mask>. Oxford University Press. The Library of Congress Papers of <mask> can be found at the Official Irving Berlin

masks:
Irving Berlin
Berlin
Berlin
Irving Berlin
Berlin
Irving Berlin
Berlin
Berlin
Berlin
Irving Berlin
Irving Berlin
Irving Berlin
Irving Berlin
Irving Berlin
Irving Berlin
Irving Berlin
Irving Berlin
Irving Berlin
Irving Berlin
Irving
Irving Berlin
Irving Berlin
Irving Berlin
Irving Berlin


title: Don Kent (wrestler)

texts: During his 36 years in professional wrestling, Joe Smith wrestled as <mask>, The Black Dragon, <mask>, and Super Medico III. One half of The Fabulous Kangaroos is <mask>. <mask>, who was born in America, was billed as an Australian when he competed as a Kangaroo using the "Ultra Australian" gimmick, complete with bush hats and "Waltzing Matilda" as their entrance music. When <mask> wasn't a part of the Kangaroos, he worked as "Bulldog" <mask> in NWA Mid-America and Big Time Wrestling in the singles and tag team divisions. <mask> was a wrestler at St. Philip Catholic Central High School. After graduating from high school, he was recruited to be a catcher by Boston. <mask>'s father wanted him to attend St. Benedict's College because he thought <mask> was too young to play baseball.After graduating, <mask> worked at a Veterans Administration Medical Center in Battle Creek and was trained by Leapin' Larry Chene for a professional wrestling career. <mask> made his professional wrestling debut under the names "<mask>", "Joe Smith" and "The Black Dragon" in the Michigan area in the early 1960's. In the first half of the 1960s, <mask> went to Arizona and worked in the local wrestling promotion, where he was booked as a sadistic heel. In Arizona, <mask> worked a storyline that drew full houses at the Phoenix Madison Square Garden against local face (good guy) Tito Montez. The two faced off in a variety of specialty matches such as a chain match, "Arizona death match" and falls count anywhere match. Montez won the steel cage match after overcoming <mask>'s cheating ways. After the storyline ended, attendance dropped by half and <mask> left the area.After six months with knee problems, Ray St. Clair retired from the tag team The Fabulous Kangaroos. <mask> wore the bush hat after St. Clair retired. <mask>, who was from Michigan, adopted the Ultra-Australian gimmick, but retained his American accent, and a second version of the Fabulous Kangaroos was formed. It was the same amount of time that Costello and Roy Heffernan spent together as it was between Costello and <mask>. The Kangaroos won their first tag team championship a few months after teaming up. They defended their title over the years. In Canada, they were the first Eastern Sports Association International Tag Team Champs, and in the World Wrestling Association, they held the WWA World Tag Team Championship twice.They won titles all over North America, as well as appearing for the World Wide Wrestling Federation. The Detroit version of the NWA World Tag Team Championship was held at NWA Detroit. The NWA Mid-America was started by Nick Gulas at the end of 1972. The local version of the NWA World Tag Team Championship was held in Mid-America three times. After a match in the Cincinnati Gardens in 1974, an enraged fan threw a fire extinguisher from the balcony. Later that year, Costello had hip replacement surgery. The fan was sentenced to 15 days in jail and fined fifty dollars for damaging the fire extinguisher.The Fabulous Kangaroos split up when Costello couldn't compete. <mask> returned to NWA Mid-America as a singles wrestler after the Kangaroos left. When Costello retired, <mask> remained with Mid-America and developed into a main heel, barking "Bulldog" <mask>. <mask> and Chris won the NWA Mid-America Tag Team Championship on two occasions, beating the teams of Frank Monte and Nick DeCarlo as well as Steve Kovac and Ricky Gibson for the title. <mask> and Count Drummer won the Mid America Tag Team title again, but lost it to Fargo and Gulas three weeks later. The main title of the promotion was won by <mask> in October 1974 when he defeated Tony Charles. <mask> won the Mid-America title twice in 1975, the first from Fargo and the second from "Crazy"luke Graham.Graham defeated <mask> on May 7, 1975, to end his reign. <mask> used his "Bulldog" <mask> persona to work for The Sheik's "NWA Detroit", also known as "Big Time Wrestling". On November 1, 1975, <mask> defeated Mark Lewin to win the Detroit version of the NWA United States Heavyweight Championship. Lewin regained the title in December. On October 16, 1976, <mask> regained the title in a bloody brawl against Pampero Firpo and held on to it until January 8, 1977. <mask> became an enemy of the Sheik, who was the most popular man in the promotion, with the two clashing many times in wild and bloody brawls. After recovering from hip surgery, Al and <mask> went on a tour of Puerto Rico with the World Wrestling Council.The WWC World Tag Team Championships were held in Puerto Rico. Carlos Coln and Jose Rivera won the title. The WWC World Tag Team Championship was never regained by the Kangaroos. After their tour in Puerto Rico ended, <mask> returned to singles wrestling and Costello focused more on managing his bad hip. <mask> worked for NWA Mid-America again in 1977. <mask> won his fourth Mid-America title in December 1977 but lost it to Poffo's brother Randy on January 3, 1978. <mask> won the WWC Caribbean Heavyweight Championship from Chief War Cloud on January 6, 1979 and held it for over 6 months until he lost it to Hurricane Castillo on July 21, 1979.After losing the Caribbean title, <mask> moved up a level and defeated Carlos Coln in Puerto Rico, only to lose the title to Invader I three weeks later. The Sheik's nephew Sabu was wrestled by <mask> in the early to mid 80s. Bruno Bekkar, who was best known for working in his native New Zealand and Australia, was joined by <mask> and Costello in 1981 to work a tour as The Kangaroos for the WWC. The WWC North American Tag Team title was won by the team of <mask> and Bekkar. After losing to Invader I and Super Gladiador, this version regained the titles, but lost them again to Invader and Gladiador on January 26, 1982. Bruno Bekkar went back to Australia and New Zealand to work for local promotions after his tour of the Caribbean. The final version to compete was "Johnny Heffernan", a storyline cousin of Roy Heffernan.The WWC World Tag Team championship was won by the team on May 1, 1982. The team lost the belts again after holding the gold for less than a month. After ending their tour in Puerto Rico, <mask> and Heffernan returned to mainland USA to work for Championship Wrestling from Florida, a promotion they had worked for in 1962. The NWA Florida Global Tag Team Championship was won by The Kangaroos four times. Al Costello brought in J.J. Dillon to act as his short term replacement as he took care of business. When Costello came back from his business trip, he was backed up by both <mask> and Heffernan. The purpose of this storyline was to allow Al to retire from wrestling completely.After Costello retired, <mask> and Della Serra parted ways. After The Kangaroos split up, <mask> worked in Michigan with tours of Puerto Rico. <mask> was brought in as a storyline replacement for the real Super Médico III, who was played by Jose Estrada, Jr. The team was stripped of their titles because they used an illegal man to help defend the title. After being exposed as the fake "Medico III" <mask> returned to the United States and worked in the Indianapolis-based World Wrestling Association where he held the tag team title on several occasions with Dr Jerry Graham Jr. By 1988, <mask> had toured Puerto Rico's WWC as a single. He stepped into the ring as late as 1992 at the age of 59, after wrestling intermittently over the years.<mask> died on June 14, 1993, after a long battle with Leukemia.

masks:
Don Kent
Doug Kent
Don Kent
Kent
Kent
Don Kent
Kent
Kent
Kent
Kent
Kent
Don Kent
Don Kent
Kent
Kent
Don Kent
Don Kent
Kent
Kent
Don Kent
Kent
Don Kent
Kent
Kent
Kent
Kent
Kent
Kent
Don Kent
Kent
Kent
Kent
Kent
Don Kent
Kent
Kent
Kent
Kent
Don Kent
Kent
Kent
Kent
Kent
Kent
Kent
Don Kent
Kent
Kent
Don Kent


title: William J. Donovan

texts: <mask> "Wild Bill<mask> was an American soldier, lawyer, intelligence officer and diplomat, best known for serving as the head of the Office of Strategic Services (OSS), the precursor to the Bureau of Intelligence and Research and the Central Intelligence Agency. A statue of him is in the lobby of the CIA headquarters building in Langley, Virginia. The only person to have received all four of the United States' highest awards is a decorated veteran of World War I. He received decorations from a number of other nations for his service during both World Wars, as well as the Silver Star and Purple Heart. <mask> was born in Buffalo, New York, to two American-born children of Irish immigrants. The Lennons and the <mask>s were from different parts of the country. Timothy O'<mask> was raised by an uncle who was a parish priest and married a family that disapproved of him.They moved to Buffalo, New York, where they dropped the "O" from their name. <mask>'s father, who was born in 1858, tried to engage in a political career, but with little success. He was born on New Year's Day. He chose his middle name, <mask>, at the time of his confirmation. He had two younger brothers and two younger sisters who survived into adulthood, as well as several younger siblings who died in infancy or childhood. "From Anna's side of the family came style and decorum and the dreams of poets," according to the biographer. Tim brought honor and duty to the country and clan.At St. Joseph's Collegiate Institute, where he played football, he acted in plays and won an oratory award. He majored in pre-law at a Catholic university and seminary. He decided that he wasn't good enough to be a priest, although he did win another oratorical contest, this time with a speech warning of corrupt, anti-Christian forces that threatened the United States. When he moved to Columbia University, he looked beyond "Catholic dogma" and attended Protestant and Jewish worship services to decide if he wanted to change religions. He was voted the "most modest" and one of the "handsomest" members of the graduating class of 1905. While at Columbia Law School, he was a student of Franklin D. Roosevelt and studied under Harlan Fiske Stone. Returning to Buffalo, he joined the respected law firm of Love & Keating in 1909 and, two years later, opened his own Buffalo firm in partnership with a Columbia classmate.Their firm merged with another in 1914. The leader of a troop of cavalry of the New York National Guard was <mask>. During the American government's campaign against Pancho Villa, this unit served on the U.S.–Mexico border. He studied military tactics. Eleanor Robson was a stage star of the day and he took acting courses from her. Rosemary Hall was attended by Ruth Rumsey, who married him in 1914. In 1916, <mask> spent several months in Berlin on behalf of the Rockefeller Foundation, trying to convince the governments of Britain and Germany to allow the shipment of food and clothing into Belgium, Serbia, and Poland.At the request of the State Department, he returned to the U.S. and took his cavalry troop to the Texas border. He was promoted to major in the field and then joined the 69th infantry. The 165th, which was training for America's expected entry into World War I, became part of the 42d Division, also known as the "Rainbow Division". The 42d Division's chief of staff was Douglas MacArthur. David was born in 1915 and a daughter was born in 1917. In 1940,Patricia died in an accident. Major <mask> was the leader of the 165th Infantry of the 42d Division during World War I.He was almost blinded by gas when he was wounded in France. After performing a rescue under fire, he was offered the Croix de Guerre, but turned it down because a Jewish soldier who had taken part in the rescue had not also been awarded the honor. <mask> accepted the distinction when the insult was corrected. He was awarded theDistinguished Service Cross for leading an assault during the Aisne-Marne campaign in which hundreds of members of his battalion died. The 1939 <mask> movie, The Fighting 69th, dramatised the events of this battle. The nickname "Wild Bill" was given to him by those men because of his remarkable level of endurance, which far exceeded that of the younger soldiers under his command. His wife "knew that deep down he loved it" despite his annoyance with the nickname.The battle near Landres-et-Saint-Georges took place on October 14–15, 1918. According to Evan Thomas, <mask> ignored the officers' custom of covering or stripping off the insignia of rank and instead wore his medals. "They can't hit me and they won't hit you!" He told his men. He was shot in the knee and refused to be evacuated and continued to direct his men. He was awarded an Oak Leaf Cluster of theDistinguished Service Cross for his service in that battle. The occupation of Europe continued after the Armistice of 11 November 1918.When he returned to New York in 1919, he was considered a possible candidate for governor, but he decided to return to Buffalo and resume his practice of law. After returning to the U.S., he took his wife on a combined vacation, business trip, and intelligence mission to Japan, China, and Korea, then went on alone to Siberia during the Russian Civil War. He went back to work at his law firm, but also took an extensive journey to Europe, where he did business on behalf of J. P. Morgan. He was the US Attorney for the Western District of New York from 1922 to 1924. In 1923, as a result of continued pressure from Father Duffy, <mask> was finally awarded the Medal of Honor for his heroic acts in the battle at Landres-et-Saint-Georges. At a New York City ceremony that was attended by about four thousand veterans, <mask> refused to keep the medal, saying that it belonged to the boys who are dead in France or New York. He became well known as a vigorous crime-fighter as US Attorney.He was notorious for his vigorous enforcement of prohibition. He was not deterred by threats to kill him and to blow up his home. The climax of his war on alcohol came in August 1923, when his agents raided Buffalo's upscale Saturn Club and seized large amounts of illegal liquor. The club's members were angry because they assumed that prohibition did not apply to them. Some people thought that <mask> was a traitor because he was an Irish Catholic who had married into the world of professional Protestants. Bradley Goodyear quit his firm in anger over the raid, and his wife never forgave him. Many working class residents of Buffalo cheered the raid as an example of equal justice before the law.When Calvin Coolidge took over the Department of Justice in the wake of the Teapot Dome scandal, he appointed his former professor to be the Attorney General and named him the assistant to the criminal division. He continued to run his law firm while he and his wife split their time between Washington and Buffalo. At the Justice Department, he hired women. He and his wife became a popular Washington couple, but his relationship with the acting Director of the Bureau of Investigation, J. Edgar Hoover, was fraught with tension. When Stone was appointed to the Supreme Court in 1925, <mask> was put in charge of the Department of Justice's antitrust division and often served as defacto Attorney General. He was a favorite off-the-record source for the Washington press corps and was admired for his energetic and effective arguments before the Supreme Court. Herbert Hoover promised to make him Attorney General if he won the Presidency in 1928, but instead, under the influence of anti-Catholic Southerners, he ended up offering him.After leaving the Department of Justice in 1929, he moved to New York City and formed a new law firm with Frank Raichle. Despite the stock market crash, he made a success of handling many of the mergers and acquisitions and bankruptcies that followed; he also acquired celebrity clients, such as Mae West and <mask>. Roosevelt was elected Governor of New York on the Republican line. <mask>. Montague was a journalist who was involved in the 1932 campaign. Despite his offstage charm and force, he proved to be an uninspired campaigner on the stump. He lost to the Democratic nominee, Herbert Lehman, because he ran a disorganized, strategy-free campaign. During the interwar years, as part of an informal network of American businessmen and lawyers who closely tracked and collected intelligence on foreign affairs, he traveled extensively in Europe and Asia.He met with a number of foreign leaders, including Mussolini, who discussed World War I, the expansionist ideology of Italian Fascism, and Roosevelt's prospects for re-election in 1936. Italy's military has improved since the war and Mussolini predicted an Italian victory. Leading figures in Nazi Germany were connected to <mask>. He denounced Hitler, Mussolini, and Stalin as fascists and took steps to protect his Jewish clients in Europe from the Nazis. There was a belief that a second major European war was inevitable. His foreign experience and realism earned him the friendship of President Franklin D. Roosevelt despite the fact that he had harshly criticized Roosevelt's record as Governor of New York. The two men were from different political parties.Roosevelt believed that if <mask> had been a Democrat, he could have been elected president, as he felt that Hoover had done him wrong on the Attorney General appointment. The 1940 Warner Brothers film The Fighting 69th, in which Pat O'Brien and George Brent played Father and <mask>, respectively, increased the national profile of the character and Roosevelt was able to exploit it. Roosevelt realized that he could be an important ally and adviser when the two men began exchanging notes. Roosevelt believed in the value of <mask>'s insight. The United States was put on a war footing by the invasions of Poland in September 1939 and the start of World War II in Europe. This was a crisis that <mask> had predicted, and he sought out a responsible place in the wartime infrastructure. Roosevelt gave him a number of important assignments on the recommendation of the Secretary of the Navy.In 1940 and 1941, <mask> traveled to Britain as an informal emissary to gauge Britain's ability to resist Germany's aggression. The directors of Britain's intelligence services were among the officials that <mask> met during his trips. He had lunch with George VI. The two men shared war stories and read the same poem, "The Cavalier's Song" by <mask>. In order to help Britain, Churchill ordered that he be given unlimited access to classified information. After returning to the U.S., he was enamored with the idea of an American intelligence service like that of the British. He urged Roosevelt to help him.Roosevelt wanted to provide aid, so he asked <mask> to use his knowledge of the law to find a way to skirt the congressional ban on selling weapons to the United Kingdom. The British diplomats wanted the State Department to replace the U.S. with <mask>. The Ambassador to Britain was defeatist and favored appeasers. According to Walter Lippmann, the findings about Britain's fighting capability almost singlehandedly overcame the unmitigated defeatism which was paralyzing Washington. He visited several countries along the Mediterranean and in the Middle East as an unofficial envoy for the U.S. and Britain and urged them to stand up to the Nazis. He met "Intrepid", a spy for MI6, frequently in New York. According to Evan Thomas, "eventually became so close that they were known as 'Big Bill' and 'Little Bill'."The British provided intelligence, trainers, organizational charts and advice in order to make the OSS an addition to British intelligence. He wanted to mount his own operations. Roosevelt signed an order naming the COI on July 11, 1941. Evan Thomas has written that the U.S. government had no formal spy agency. The Black Chamber, a code-breaking organization left over from World War I, was abolished by the Secretary of State in 1929. Gentleman don't read each other's mail, according to Stimson. The Army, Navy, FBI, State Department, and other entities all ran their own intelligence units, but they were weak and isolated from one another.They saw the new operation as a threat to their turfs. The groundwork was laid for a centralized intelligence program. He organized the COI's New York headquarters in Room 3603 of Rockefeller Center in 1941 and asked Allen Dulles to head it; the offices Dulles took were above the location of Britain's MI6. The OSS was described as an "informal" and "freewheeling" place by Evan Thomas. The officer who turned down a project because it seemed ridiculous or at least unusual was hated by David Bruce. He was playing with ideas. He snorted like a race horse.The war was critiqued by segments of the U.S. media and by many highly placed figures in the U.S. government and military. General George Marshall was 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 George Patton was always supportive. FDR told <mask> that it was a good thing that he got him started on this. When Hitler declared war on the United States, he mentioned <mask>, who he called "utterly unworthy". Roosevelt was warned not to intern Japanese-Americans, as it would do harm to loyal Americans, and provide the Japanese with fodder for their propaganda. <mask> oversaw the invention of new, espionage-friendly guns, cameras, and bombs, as well as setting up espionage and sabotage schools, established front companies, and arranging covert collaborations with international corporations and the Vatican.Artists, intellectuals, and people with criminal histories are just some of the people that <mask> recruited. He hired a lot of women spies, despite the fact that they were unsuited to such work. <mask>, an actor and author, was one of his prominent recruits. The son of industrialist Alfred I. du Pont, chef <mask>, psychologist <mask>, and author Walter Lord were some of the other OSS recruits. The joke went

masks:
William Joseph
" Donovan
Donovan
Donovan
Donovan
Donovan
Joseph
Donovan
Donovan
Donovan
Donovan
James Cagney
Donovan
Donovan
Donovan
Donovan
Donovan
Jane Wyman
James J
Donovan
Donovan
Donovan
Donovan
Donovan
Donovan
Donovan
William Motherwell
Donovan
Donovan
Donovan
Donovan
Donovan
Donovan
John Ford
Julia Child
Carl Jung


title: William J. Donovan

texts: around that there were so many people in the agency. The COI ceased to be a White House operation in 1942. The Office of Strategic Services was renamed by Roosevelt.He was promoted to colonel in the U.S. Army during World War I. He was promoted to brigadier general in March 1943 and to major general in November 1944. The OSS would eventually conduct successful espionage and sabotage operations in Europe and parts of Asia, but continued to be kept out of South America due to Hoover's hostility to the agency. General Douglas MacArthur, the commander of the Southwest Pacific Theater, blocked the OSS from entering the Philippines. The Allied landing at Salerno, Italy, on September 3, 1943, and at the Anzio landing on January 22, 1944, were part of the preparation for the Allied invasion of North Africa. He was very active in almost every theater of World War II. During his time in the Balkans, he urged Roosevelt and Churchill to pay more attention.He met with anti-Nazi Germans in Europe to broker an early peace that would allow for occupation by the Western Allies, establish a democratic Germany, and leave the Soviets out in the cold. He was 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 He was present for the April 1944 invasion of Hollandia on the northern coast of New Guinea, as well as meeting with Vyacheslav Molotov in Moscow to arrange for cooperation between the OSS and NKVD. The OSS was most effective in the Balkans, China, and France. As a result of turf wars, strategic and tactical disagreements, radical differences in style and temperament, and contrasting visions of the postwar world, Donovan's relations with British officials were becoming increasingly strained by 1943. The empire of the British was seen as an impediment to democracy and economic development. MI6 chief Stewart Menzies was against the idea of the OSS operating in the British Empire and forbade them to deal with allied governments in exile which were based in London.As of May 1944, there were eleven thousand American officers and foreign agents scattered in every important capital. He received information from a network of priests who were engaged in espionage without the Pope's knowledge. One of the ships took part in the Normandy landing. He and his commander of covert operations in Europe, Colonel David Bruce, were shot at by a German plane, then moved on toward the American front lines, where they encountered German machine-gun fire. "David, we mustn't be captured," Bruce said as they lay on the ground. We know a lot. He said he had two suicide pills, but he didn't."I have to shoot first," he said. Bruce asked if we could do much against machine guns with our pistols. You don't understand. I will shoot you first if we are captured. I am your commanding officer. They found their way to the tent headquarters on the beach. After returning to Washington, he reported what he had seen to Roosevelt.He said that the success of the invasion showed that German naval and air forces were no longer "Big League" and that something had died in the German machine. He was in Italy to reform the operation in that theater. He told the Pope about the activities of intelligence agents from the Japanese embassy at the Vatican. During the weeks leading up to the plot to kill Hitler, Allen Dulles, the man in Switzerland who was in contact with the plotters, kept him up to date. In the run-up to the Allied landing on the French Riviera, the OSS played a key role in conveying intelligence from southern France. Colonel <mask> said that the invading army "knew everything about that beach and where every German was." After the invasion, he went back to Rome for a secret meeting with Hitler's envoy to the Vatican.He met with Marshal Tito to discuss the operations in Yugoslavia. In August 1944, there was a conflict between the two men over the support of Greek anti-royalists. In the closing days of the war in Europe, he worked out of a command center that took up the entire floor of Claridge's Hotel. He was able to tell the Wehrmacht's positions on the battlefield better than German generals did. He sent out teams of French, Danish, Norwegian, and Polish nationals to identify Gestapo officers who had tortured them and who were trying to blend in with civilians in Allied-controlled areas of Germany. Dulles oversaw the surrender of the remaining Nazi forces in Italy several days in advance of the final German capitulation. After World War II ended, <mask> began to focus on preserving theOSS beyond the end of the war.A February 19 article in the Washington Times-Herald revealed his plans for a postwar intelligence agency and published a secret memo he had sent to Roosevelt. The proposed agency was compared to the Gestapo. Knowing that Americans wanted a smaller federal government after the war, Roosevelt was not entirely sold on the idea of a smaller government. Even though he had stressed that his agency would only operate abroad, Hoover disapproved of the plan because he saw it as a threat to FBI authority. <mask>'s political position was weakened after Roosevelt's death. He was opposed to the new president, Harry S. Truman, because he argued forcefully for the retention of the OSS. The Times-Herald reporter painted a dark picture of the OSS as an American Gestapo, while critics dismissed it as an arm of British intelligence.While British authorities and the US military and State Department were indifferent to the question of trying war criminals after the war, <mask> was lobbying Roosevelt as early as October 1943 to arrange for such prosecutions. Roosevelt tasked <mask> with looking into the legalities and technicalities, and in the months that followed, he collected testimonies about war criminals and related information from a wide range of sources. They wanted to exact revenge for the torture and killing of the agents. When Truman named <mask> to serve as chief U.S. counsel in the prosecution of Nazi war criminals, he discovered that the only agency that had seriously explored the issue was the OSS. On May 17, 1945, the day before the prosecutions were to begin, <mask> flew to Europe and brought 172 officers to <mask>'s team. <mask> was introduced to useful foreign officials and even released funds to bankroll the prosecution effort by the man who had the idea to hold the trials in Nuremberg. <mask>, who had been a political rival of <mask>'s in New York State, considered him a "godsend" in return for his help.The attempt was unsuccessful. Truman abolished the OSS on September 20, 1945. 60 years later, it was revealed that the Americans succeeded in blocking the Soviet attempt to add the Katyn massacre to the list of German war crimes. He was convinced by the German opponent of Hitler, who was unofficially included on his staff, that it was the Soviet secret service that had murdered thousands of Polish officers in the Katyn forest. There was a conflict with <mask> shortly afterwards. In Nuremberg, he spoke with many prisoners, including Gring, who he spoke with ten times. But eventually he fell out with <mask>.The American principles of fairness were violated when the latter wanted to indict the entire German High Command, not just men who had personally ordered or committed war crimes. <mask>'s lack of skill and experience at putting together a strong case and at courtroom examination and cross-examination was criticized by a former prosecutor. Truman presented him with the distinguished service medal after <mask> removed him from the team. A book he never completed was a history of American intelligence after the Revolution. He ran for the Republican nomination for the US Senate but lost. The American Committee on United Europe (ACUE) was formed to counter the Communist threat to Europe by promoting European political unity. The vice-chairman was Allen Dulles.The European Movement was financed by the ACUE. The movement's funds were provided by the ACUE. All of the funding for the European Youth Campaign was provided by the ACUE. Truman gave approval for a watered-down interdepartmental "Central Intelligence Group" in 1946, after moving forward with plans for a new intelligence agency. When he warned that it would be ineffectual, he was correct. In February 1947, Truman asked Congress to approve plans for a Central Intelligence Agency, after he recognized the need for a stronger intelligence service. The National Security Act of 1947 was passed by Congress privately.In his words, it was a "vindication of <mask>'s vision". The OSS members who went on to become major CIA figures were Allen Dulles, <mask>, and <mask> Angleton. Many of his supporters urged Truman to put him in charge of the CIA. The president gave the job to Hillenkoetter, who was described as "lackluster". <mask> accepted a Truman appointment to head a committee studying the country's fire departments. He worked behind the scenes to aid in the formation of the CIA, suggesting various covert operations, and sharing contacts and information from behind the Iron Curtain. U.S. businessmen and ambassadors shared information with the CIA after returning from abroad.Truman was angry because he wasn't grateful for the help. After the war, Eisenhower became a good friend of <mask>'s. The new Secretary of State, <mask> Dulles, was the brother of Allen Dulles, who was appointed by Eisenhower to head the CIA. When Eisenhower offered to make him the Ambassador to France, he turned it down because he didn't want to work with <mask> Dulles. He accepted the position of Ambassador to Thailand in August of 1953 because he felt he could operate without interference from Secretary Dulles. On September 4, he took up that post. He frequently traveled to Vietnam, which was vulnerable to Communist takeover, because he felt the U.S. ambassador to that country lacked energy and vision.One source says that he was involved in setting up C.I.A. There are operations in Vietnam and throughout Southeast Asia. He resigned from his position as ambassador on August 21, 1954. He registered as a lobbyist for the Thai government after returning to the U.S. Eisenhower made him chairman of the People to People Foundation, a group that arranged international citizen exchanges, as well as co-founding American Friends of Vietnam and raising money for Hungarian refugees. He was hospitalized in 1957 after he began to experience symptoms of dementia. He thought he saw the Red Army coming over the 59th Street bridge, into Manhattan, and in one memorable last mission, fled the hospital, wandering down the street in his pajamas.He was visited by Eisenhower, who told a friend that he was the last hero. On February 8, 1959 <mask> died from arteriosclerosis at Walter Reed Army Medical Center in Washington, D.C. The CIA sent a cable to its station chiefs after learning of his death. Section 2 of Arlington National Cemetery is where he is buried. The International Rescue Committee awarded the Freedom Award after his death. The law firm was dissolved in 1998. His home in Chapel Hill, Virginia, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.The new federal courthouse in Buffalo was named after Robert H<mask>, the rival prosecutor at Nuremberg. In 2014, the U.S. The U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs was asked by Senator Charles Schumer to name a cemetery after him. The VA decided against using his name. Charles Pinck, president of the OSS Society, said that it was outrageous that nothing had been done to honor Gen. <mask>, one of America's greatest patriots, in Buffalo or western New York. He is a member of the Military Intelligence Hall of Fame. He's known as the "Father of American Intelligence" and the "Father of Central Intelligence".According to journalist Evan Thomas in a Vanity Fair profile, the Central Intelligence Agency regards <mask> as its founding father. There is a statue in the lobby of the George Bush Center for Intelligence. By now, the declassified wartime records show a brave, noble, headlong, gleeful, sometimes outrageous pursuit of action and scheming. The <mask> J. <mask> Award was created by the OSS Society. The award is presented by the OSS Society to someone who has exemplified the distinguishing features that characterized General <mask>'s lifetime of public service to the United States of America as a citizen and a soldier. Notable recipients include Allen W. Dulles, President Dwight D. Eisenhower, Margaret Thatcher, and former Director of the Central Intelligence Agency Gina Haspel. David Rumsey <mask> was a naval officer who served in World War II.<mask> <mask> was an enlisted soldier in Vietnam and is buried at Arlington National Cemetery. medals of honor citation rank and organization: Lieutenant Colonel, U.S. Army, 165th Infantry, 42d Division The place is near Landres-et-St. Georges in France. Born in Buffalo, N.Y., on January 1, 1884. G.O., No. 56 W.D. was published in 1922. When our troops were suffering heavy casualties he encouraged all near him to follow his example, moving among his men in exposed positions, reorganizing decimated platoons, and accompanying them forward in attacks.When he was wounded by machine-gun bullets, he refused to be evacuated and continued with his unit until it withdrew to a less exposed position. The American Legion List of U.S. political appointments that crossed party lines includes the list of Medal of Honor recipients for World War I. The spymaster who created the OSS and Modern American Espionage was named Wild Bill <mask>. New York: Free Press. The Secrets War: The Office of Strategic Services in World War II was published in 1992. The year 1919. Father's Story, New York: George H. Doran Company.Heer, F. J.; Reilly, Henry J. The year 1936. The Official History of the 42nd Rainbow Division in the World War is Americans All, the Rainbow at War. Troy, Thomas F. A History of the Establishment of the Central Intelligence Agency is a book by the CIA Center for the Study of

masks:
William Quinn
Donovan
Donovan
Donovan
Donovan
Robert Jackson
Donovan
Jackson
Jackson
Jackson
Donovan
Jackson
Jackson
Jackson
Jackson
Donovan
William Colby
James Jesus
Donovan
Donovan
John Foster
John Foster
Donovan
. Jackson
Donovan
Donovan
William
Donovan
Donovan
Donovan
William James
Donovan
Donovan


title: Steve Livingstone

texts: <mask> is an English former professional footballer who played as a forward and makeshift defender from 1986 to 2004. He began his career at a club that had little impact on him before he joined a club that paid half a million dollars for him. He was part of the team that won promotion to the top-flight in 1992. He only played one league game for the club after he was sold for a huge fee. In September 1993 he was sent to Port Vale and then to Grimsby Town. He spent the next ten years at the club, helping the "Mariners" to win promotion out of the Second Division via the play-offs in 1998, as well as the Football League Trophy title, again in 1998. He retired due to injury in 2004.Livingstone was promoted to the first team in July 1986 after one year on a youth training scheme. Between 1986 and 1991, he made just under 50 appearances for the "Sky Blues", including 31 in the First Division. Despite scoring in the League Cup semi-final defeat to Forest, he failed to make the starting eleven. He played under a number of people. Livingstone was signed for a fee of half a million dollars in January 1991. In the second half of the 1990–91) season, he scored seven goals in his first ten games, but lost his spot due to questions over his fitness. The final play-off spot was occupied by Rovers at the end of the 1991–1992 season, and they went on to beatLeicester City 1–0 in the Wembley final.Livingstone played in just two games in the 1992–93 season, in a 2–1 defeat toEverton at Goodison Park and a 1–1 draw withMiddlesbrough at Ewood Park. He moved to Stamford Bridge in 1993 after a fee was paid by the manager. Livingstone only made one substitute appearance for the "Blues", replacing Neil Shipperley in the 55th minute of the Manchester United game. Livingstone did not feature in Glenn Hoddle's first team plans. He played five Second Division games for Port Vale before returning to London. Livingstone was loaned out to Grimsby Town in October 1993 and the deal was permanent two months later. Alan Buckley was the manager of a club that was struggling to survive in the First Division.He was an instant hit at the park and his performances earned him respect from the "Mariners" fans. Livvo was a frequent goal scorer for the club and used his frame and weight to make himself a handy target man. In 1993–94, Town recorded just seven home wins. They finished tenth under Brian Laws. Livingstone was the club's top scorer in 1996 with ten goals. Livingstone scored six goals in 34 appearances, but his team was demoted to the second division at the end of the 1996–97 season. The "Mariners" won promotion in 1997–98 after beating Northampton Town 1–0 in the Second Division play-off final at Wembley.Livingstone was a substitute in the Wembley final of the Football League Trophy. Livingstone hit nine goals in 59 games and scored in two of them. In 1998–99, he played 30 games without scoring, as Town finished eleventh in the second tier. Livingstone scored two goals against Stockport County in the FA Cup, but he only played 34 games in the 1999–2000 campaign. Livingstone was the club's top-scorer with seven goals in 36 games during the 2000–01. He only made brief appearances in each season of his last four years with the club. He played in three games in April 2001.Livingstone had a head injury after colliding with Danny Higginbotham and was out of action for a couple of months. His old target man status came back briefly, as he helped lead his team to a 6–5 win over Burnley in an impressive performance. He scored three goals in 31 appearances in 2002–03. The veteran forward was initially signed by Collins on a free transfer. Livingstone made a total of nine appearances for the club, with two red cards, one of them on his debut against York City, and the other against Lincoln City. He didn't score a goal and collected three yellow cards. He retired in January 2004, four months after he was placed on the transfer list.The "Cumbrians" lost their Football League status after being demoted to the Third Division. Livingstone's father was a professional football player. His son had a trial in 2009. He buys and sells properties in his hometown. The 1998 Football League Trophy is a reference to 1969 births and the 1992 Grimsby Town Football League Second Division play-offs. The players are from the team from the team from the team from the team from the team from the team from the team from the team from the team from the team from the team from the team from the team from the team from the team from the team from the team from the team from The players are F.C.The players are from Port Vale F.C. The players are from Grimsby Town F.C. The players are from Carlisle United F.C. The players are from the English Football League.


title: Iris Robinson

texts: A former Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) politician in Northern Ireland is named <mask>. <mask> was the First Minister of Northern Ireland from 2008 to 2016 <mask> served as Mayor of Castlereagh in 1992 and 1995 and was first elected to the council in 1989. From 1995 to 1997 she was a member of the Northern Ireland Forum for Political Dialogue. In 1998 she was elected to the Northern Ireland Assembly for the Democratic Unionist Party as member for Strangford. At the 2001 general election, she was elected as the new Member of Parliament for Strangford. She was re-elected in 2005.The government has the responsibility to uphold God's laws according to <mask>, who describes herself as a born-again Christian. She was criticized for her views on homosexuality in 2008. <mask> announced in December of 2009 that she was leaving politics and withdrawing from public life due to mental illness. <mask> had an extramarital affair with a 19-year-old in 2008, and she and her husband were faced with allegations of financial impropriety related to the affair. On January 9, 2010, it was announced that she would no longer be an elected official. On 12 January 2010 she resigned from the Northern Ireland Assembly, and on 13 January 2010 she resigned from the House of Commons. Mary and Joseph Collins were the parents of the oldest of seven children, <mask>.She was raised in the east of the city. She describes herself as a born again Christian. Ten of her first cousins are Roman Catholics and she has a mixed religious background. She was a student at Cregagh Primary School, Knockbreda Intermediate School and Cregagh Technical College. On July 26, 1970, she married <mask>. They were the first married couple to represent Northern Ireland in Parliament at the same time. They have three grown up children.A former councilman is also a man. <mask> listed her interests as charity raising for multiplesclerosis, interior design and horseriding. <mask> was first elected to the council in 1989. She was the Council's first woman mayor in 1992. From 1995 to 1997 she was a member of the Northern Ireland Forum for Political Dialogue. In 1998 she was elected to the Northern Ireland Assembly. She was the health spokesman for the party.<mask> replaced John Taylor as the Member of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for Strangford at the 2001 general election. She was re-elected in 2005. <mask> has voted in less than 30 percent of votes in parliament, below the average among MPs. She criticized the Government's policy on policing in her maiden speech. <mask>'s voting record shows that she voted against introducing foundation hospitals, very strongly for the Iraq War, moderately for an investigation into said war, voted against LGBT rights, and never voted on transparent Parliament. <mask> voted for the Counter-Terrorism Bill. <mask> was suspended from the legislature for a day in November 2007, after making comments about the health minister.In an interview with the Sunday Tribune in April 2008, anticipating becoming "First Lady" of Northern Ireland, iris spoke out against Hillary Clinton alluding to her husband's affair with Monica Lewinsky. She was only thinking about her career in politics. It's all about power and not principle. After a physical assault on a homosexual man in Northern Ireland, she made comments on the Stephen Nolan Show offering to recommend homosexuals to psychiatric counseling. While condemning the attack, she called homosexuality an "abomination" that made her feel "sick" and "nauseous" and offered to refer homosexuals to a psychiatrist she knew. <mask> denied prejudice against homosexuals in a subsequent interview, saying that "just as a murderer can be redeemed by the blood of Christ, so can a homosexual." They're taking issue with the word of God if anyone takes issue with it.Representatives of the Royal College of Psychiatrists, the Rainbow Project, the Alliance Party, Sinn Féin, and the Social Democratic and Labour Party rejected her comments. Dr. Paul Miller stood down from his post as a consultant psychiatrist at the Mater hospital after he resigned as her adviser. He has been reported to the General Medical Council because he is no longer a consultant psychiatrist. Over 100 complaints were made after these comments, and a gay rights activist made a complaint to the Equality Commission. <mask>'s views were repeated in the parliamentary session. She said that sexually abusing innocent children is not a vile act, apart from homosexuality and sodomy. The Alliance Party Executive Director confirmed that she had been misrepresented in Hansard.<mask> stated on the Stephen Nolan Show that it was the government's responsibility to uphold God's law. In the Northern Ireland Assembly on 30 June 2008, in a discussion about "LGBT Groups: Mental-Health Needs", <mask> said that "homosexuality, like all sin, is an abomination" and suggested that teenagers needed help deciding whether they were homosexual or heterosexual. By the end of July 2008, the Belfast Telegraph reported that 11,000 people had signed a petition calling on British Prime Minister Gordon Brown to rebuke <mask> for her comments about homosexuality. <mask> was named "Bigot of the Year" by Stonewall for her comments. After Commons MPs' expenses accounts were leaked to the press, both Peter and <mask> came under fire. The couple were described as the "swish family <mask>" by the News of the World and Daily Mail after it was claimed that they were receiving over half a million dollars a year. On December 28, 2009, before the airing of an investigative programme looking at her personal life and financial dealings, <mask> announced her decision to retire from politics after claiming that she had been suffering serious bouts of stress and depression.She said at the time that her health had suffered because of the stress and strain of public life. <mask> said in a statement that she tried to kill herself on 1 March 2009. <mask> had an affair with a man who was 19 years old at the time. She encouraged her friends to give money to her lover for a business venture. According to the investigation, the payments she arranged from the two property developers were over half a million dollars. This action broke the law because the £50,000 was not declared to the Northern Ireland Assembly. McCambley was asked for £5,000 in cash and a cheque made out to Dundonald's Light 'n Life Church by <mask>.Pat Herron is a pastor. Peter did not inform the proper authorities about the large monetary transactions, which is a violation of his duty and responsibility as First Minister of Northern Ireland. Billy McCambley, Kirk McCambley's father, died in 2008. <mask>'s intention to retire from elected office was announced on 11 January 2010 and she resigned on 13 January 2010. The council voted to carry out an investigation into the contract awarded to Kirk McCambley. If the Council incurred any financial loss and whether officers and elected representatives complied with the requirements of all relevant local government legislation and guidance in the awarding of the lease for the Lock-Keeper's Inn are some of the terms of reference for the investigation. The findings of the investigation into the awarding of a contract to her former teenage lover have not been made public.The investigation into <mask>'s financial affairs was announced by the Police Service of Northern Ireland. The offices of Castlereagh Borough Council were searched in February of 2010. On June 25, 2010, it became public that <mask> had been interviewed as part of a police investigation over money she obtained from two developers. <mask> was under a suicide watch after the documentary. In 2010 it was reported that <mask> had been receiving treatment in a London clinic and had returned to Northern Ireland to continue treatment. <mask> made her first public appearance in almost seven months after her return at her mother's funeral. The deputy First Minister embraced <mask> on the steps of the church.Her husband stated that his wife was too sick to attend the wedding. <mask> attended the state banquet in Dublin during the Queen's visit to the Republic of Ireland. Members of the Castlereagh Borough Council Democratic Unionist Party MPs Female members of the Northern Ireland Assembly Female members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for Northern

masks:
Iris Robinson
Peter Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Iris Collins
Peter Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Iris Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson
Robinson


title: Porta (rapper)

texts: Christian Jiménez Bundo, also known as <mask>, is a Spanish rapper. He achieved his initial popularity primarily over the internet, distributing his music directly to fans on social media networks rather than relying on traditional record labels. No es Cuestin de Edades and No Hay Truco became underground hits with record-breaking downloads. His first studio album, En Boca de Tantos, was released in 2008 by Universal Music Group. The release of Trastorno Bipolar failed to match the success of En Boca de Tantos. In August of 2011, <mask> separated himself from UMG. On May 7, 2012 he released Reset after signing with PIAS Spain.The album was well received by the public. In June of last year, something's changed was released in physical and digital format. No Hay Truco is <mask>'s most downloaded album. His musical career began when he joined Lebuqe. This model was published in April under a Creative Commons license on multiple pages of free downloads. Many of his lyrics were controversial. In the song "Las nias de hoy en da son todas unas...", <mask> describes women as easy.A new era begins trying to ingest love rap, which was criticized by those who like only Rap Hardcore but was greeted positively by good words and feelings it conveys. A rap group called "Rap Comando" had as members a <mask>, DJ Datz, and h0lynaight. The Ready to give the blow that never came to light that year had songs like "Sobran las presentaciones" and "Masque un sentimiento" in it. The first album "No es cuestin de edades" was removed from the first position after it gained more than 5 million downloads. The second space themed musical that most visited portal on Spain.5 has received more than 13 million downloads and his profile has been viewed more than 20 million times. "No Hay Truco" is the most downloaded rap album of all time. The controversy surrounding <mask> grew even more when I was called the best model of the year.Although he said he didn't have to be taken very seriously his lyrics about women, he was attacked by the National Institute Women because he only made the song because it was happening at the time. "Las chicas unas guarras, pero los tos unos cerdos" is the eighth song from the album. This topic was supported by the rapper " May" who said that men were deviants. One of the songs that generated a lot of success was "Hay Siempre Un Sentimiento Muerto En Un Corazon Roto", which was a song about a world called Porta Dragon Ball Rap. Universal Music signed a record deal with the video becoming the third most watched video in the history of Spain. In February 2008, the rumor that Porta had died of an overdose spread across the network. The opening theme song of her album "Resurreccin" was launched as an angry response to that, which said that the more famous older were acquired envy and criticism when the music was still the same.Aloy would face some battles with some rappers that year. Their first album was released in February of 2008. He scored notable commercial success because he was received positively by critics. It reached the first position in the list of album sales in Spain and certified gold record, having several singles that brought fame and success to the album, as "Aprecia lo tienes". He makes derogatory comments against rappers like Cadierno, Genioh, Cniko, Heartbeat Catalan, Black -G, Raphael, Boby.PRO, Aloy, Versatile, El Kapo, Shotta, Santé and others. The Sun Music Award for best music video at the Festival de Mlaga was won by the video of the song that gives title track. Porta has achieved notable success with their models but this time it has been shown that is always going to beat himself getting more than 20 million plays with her song "Sin ti" and more than 5 million to "Aprecia lo tienes"There was controversy surrounding the release of the CD, but it still got over 6 million views and a deserved Gold Record. He gained new fans and gained promotion for the series. The MTV Europe Music Award which was held in England in the city ofLiverpool was one of the 5 finalist. The concert "MTV Day" was held in Madrid in front of 30 000 people. One of the best rock bands called Maroon 5 performed on the same day. The title "Bounce" was edited into a biography of Barcelona in June of that year. All copies of the limited edition were sold in one week.Carrier's second job was called Trastorno Bipolar and he talked about the infighting between his Porta and Christian and the problems that people had where he was very successful. The letter of freedom of Universal was announced on his Facebook page. PIAS Spain is his new record label. He starred in the campaign Energy Sistem. He won the award for best rap album, hip- hop and urban music on his third full-length album, "Reset". The frame on the music disc shows the word "reboot", which means that he has committed mistakes and needs to fix them before he ends his career. Skiller Zone, Jack, ZPU, David Trotsky, Shinoflow, Abram, h0lynaight, Isusko, Samo, Fado, Chus, Gema, Dan, Eude.There are 17 tracks that were recorded, mixed and mastered at Studio Lebuqe. He released his fourth studio album "Algo ha cambiado" on June 11, 2014. MC Gema, Eude, Isusko, Belen Alarcon, Holynigth and EddieMV collaborated on this record. It includes 13 tracks, all of them recorded, mixed and mastered in Lebuque Studios. "On the mouth of many" was written in 2008. "Sobre el famoso tema" is about the famous theme. "Dragon Ball Rap" was released in 2008."Sé t mismo" was written in 2009. "Espejismos" was written in 2009. "Segundos fuera" is out now. Santaflow, Norykko, Eneyser and Curri C were published in 2009. "Trastorno bipolar" (bipolar disorder) feat. Christian, 2009. "Nota de suicidio" feat.The year 2009, by the name of Soma. "La bella y la bestia" (The beauty and the beast) feat. Norykko in 2009. "Voces en Mi interior" Santaflow 2009. "Palabras mudas" (Mute words) feat. Gema, 2012."Etiquetas" is a title. "Segundos fuera" is a song from the "Equilibrio" album. Santaflow, Norykko and Eneyser are related. Spanish hip hop References External links 1988 births Spanish male rappers Living people

masks: Porta Porta Porta Porta Porta Porta