title: Henry E. Riggs

texts: He was an early Silicon Valleyentrepreneur, a professor of engineering and vice president at Stanford University, and the president of Harvey Mudd College. His areas of expertise were financial analysis and control, management technology, technical strategy, and new venture management. He was a popular professor who published many books. He started the large-scale academic fund-raising efforts that are now widely used by major institutions, launched a graduate school focused solely on training leaders in biosciences, and served on numerous boards. The youngest of three children born to Joseph and <mask> was raised in Illinois. His father was involved in the development of presses for newspapers. After boarding school, he earned a BS in Industrial Engineering from Stanford University.In 1960, he received an masters degree from the Harvard Business School. He received an engineering degree from Harvey Mudd College and a life sciences degree from the Keck Graduate Institute. He worked for over a decade at early Silicon Valley companies. He worked at Ampex from 1959 to 1960 and at the Stanford Research Institute from 1960 to 1963. From 1970-1974, he was Chief Financial Officer at Measurex, and from 1963-1970, he was president of Icore. While working at Icore <mask> began to teach part-time and later joined the faculty full time in 1974. He was the Thomas Ford Professor of Engineering Management.He was the chair of the department from 1978 to 1983. The principles of financial and cost accounting were covered in the Industrial Accounting course. In 1979 he was awarded the Tau Beta Pi Award for excellence in undergraduate engineering teaching, and in 1980 he received the Walter J. Gores Faculty Achievement Award. As he biked through campus to class, he cut a figure in his suit and bow-tie, as he used case studies in his teaching. While taking on academic leadership roles, he continued to teach. After his retirement from KGI, he returned to teach at the school as Emeritus Professor. The Art and Logic of Fundraising course was offered by the Continuing Studies program.In 1983 <mask> was named Vice President for Development and headed all university fundraising efforts. He reinvented academic philanthropy as a large-scale operation. The first billion dollar academic fund-raising effort was led by him with this approach. The President of Harvey Mudd College was named in 1988. Major advances were made to the college during his 9 years as president. Building multiple new buildings, providing new or renovated space to all faculty members, attracting new faculty members, launching Biology and Computer Science Departments, successfully undertaking a large fund-raising campaign, and balancing the college's budget were all part of this. College and universities need to be more entrepreneurial and flexible to serve their students and the public good, according to the founding President of the Keck Graduate Institute.The seventh college was founded in 1997 by <mask>. The vision for KGI was based on the realization that life sciences would dominate the 21st century and that new institutions were needed to educate the future leaders in this realm. The nation's first graduate school dedicated to preparing students for professional careers in life sciences offers a Master of Bioscience degree and a PhD degree. The curriculum uses entrepreneurial, team-based learning and real-world projects that integrate computational and systems biology, bioengineering, business management and bioethics. From 2003 to 2004, <mask> was the Chair of the Board of Trustees and from 2003 to 2015, he was the President. The <mask>. <mask> Professor of Management was established in 2006 to honor the vision of the school's founder. In industry and education, <mask> held a number of important leadership roles.There is a board on higher education and workforce. Trustee,Phillips Andover Academy. The board of trustees of the college. The Institute for Systems Biology is part of the Board. The California Council on Science and Technology has a member. The chair is on the board of directors. The Capital Group includes the Growth Fund of America, American Balanced Fund, Income Fund of America, Fundamental Investors, and International Growth and Income Fund.The American Automobile Association has a board. Many articles and books were written by Avenidas <mask>. The price of perception is an influential New York Times op-ed that challenges the practices of top-tier colleges. Gift horses are used to leverage gifts for both institutions and society. Accounting: A Survey was published in 1981. Managing high- technology companies. Financial and Economic Analysis for Engineering and Technology Management was published in 2004.Understanding the financial score in 2007. The art and logic of raising money. He had two loves in his life, his family and travel. He met his wife when they were both undergraduates at the same school. They have three children and six grandchildren. They saw a lot of the world by bikes, Eurovan, and boat. For a long time, <mask> was an avid photographer, but he 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110 888-739-5110Harvard Business School alumni have died in the last few years.

masks:
Gretchen Riggs
Riggs
Riggs
Riggs
Riggs
Henry E
Riggs
Riggs
Writing Riggs
Riggs


title: Peter Paret

type: paraphrased

texts: The main areas of research for <mask> were war and the interaction of art and politics from 18th to 20th century Europe. He wrote about related subjects as well. The son of <mask> and Suzanne Aimée Cassirer was born in Berlin in 1924. He is descended from a French family that migrated to Germany in 1679. <mask>'s great grandfather and grandfather were Protestant ministers. After the Second World War, his father, who was severely wounded in the First World War, became head of the firm Beuck and Paret. The family that Paret's mother came from was well known in manufacturing and finance for the past two centuries.Her father was an important force in the arts in Germany. Her uncle was a philosopher. When <mask>'s parents divorced, his mother moved to Vienna, where she continued her studies with Sigmund Freud. In January 1933, <mask> followed. In the summer of 1937, his mother and her husband and children moved to France and the United States, as the subject of a recent biography by <mask>ck. After graduating from the University of California, Berkeley in January 1942, <mask> was drafted and served in combat intelligence and operations sections of an infantry battalion. In 1946, at the age of 21, he was discharged with the rank of Staff Sergeant, reentered UC Berkeley as a sophomore, and graduated in 1949, after which he returned to Europe to connect with his father and other relatives.It was not until 1955 that he began graduate study in history at King's College London after his plan to study art history was disrupted by his mother's illness. He was an early member of the Institute for Strategic Studies, served as a resident tutor in the Delegacy of Extra-Mural Studies of Oxford University, and began to publish articles on contemporary military in the last year before receiving his degree. After receiving his PhD in 1960, <mask> went back to the US to work as a research associate at the Center of International Studies. The first book he wrote was called Guerrillas in the 1960s and was about irregular warfare and the difficulties it posed to modern, industrialized societies. <mask> was a Visiting Assistant Professor at the University of California, Davis. He was promoted to full professor in 1966. He published a study of the modern French theory of political-military warfare, as well as an expanded version of his thesis, during his time at an innovative, rapidly expanding campus.In 1969 <mask> was appointed Professor of History at the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences and in 1977 he became the Raymond A. Spruance Professor of International History. Clausewitz and the State, a biography of the life and work of Clausewitz, has been translated into three languages. Raymond Aron's Penser la guerre: Clausewitz, published in the same year, placed Clausewitz firmly in the history of ideas and politics of the Revolutionary, Napoleonic, and post-Napoleonic periods. <mask> and Aron differed on the subject of their works, but they both reviewed them favorably. <mask> has shown no interest in Clausewitz's ideas on contemporary conflicts. He studies Mozart for what he has composed, not for how later conductors or opera directors perform his work. The title of <mask>'s book points to the powerful role the Prussian state played in Clausewitz's life, a power that reappears in the central role of policy and politics in Clausewitz's theories.Howard and Paret's translation of Clausewitz's major theoretical work, On War, was published a year after the biography appeared. It has received some criticism. The work is available in five English-language editions. The principles of translation that <mask> and Howard followed in converting Clausewitz's early 19th century German into modern English are outlined in <mask>'s article. <mask>'s new edition of Makers of Modern Strategy retained three essays from the 1943 original, but added twenty-two new essays. The work is widely used as a text. The 14th translation of the work is being translated into simplified Chinese.<mask> has published several collections of essays in the history of art, three of which have been translated into German, since 1980, when his study of modern art and its enemies in imperial Germany, The Berlin Secession, appeared. He combined his interests in the history of art and the history of war in Imagined Battles: Reflections of War in European Art. In 1986 <mask> became a professor at the Institute for Advanced Study. He retired in 1997. He lectured and wrote. Clausewitz in His Time, an expanded German edition of which appeared in 2017, is one of his recent works. An article on the function of history in Clausewitz' was published in The Journal of Central European History and The Journal of Military History after he edited a volume of two essays by Hans Delbrueck.He celebrated his 95th birthday in April. The January 2020 issue of The Journal of Military History contained an article on the expansion of a lecture he gave at Princeton University in March 2019. The July 2020 issue of the journal will have an article called "From Document to Interpretation". He published an article in the issue of the 2020 Yearbook of the Clausewitz Research Association in Burg, Germany. The age of Paret was 96. <mask> was a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, a member of the American Philosophical Society, and a member of the German Clausewitz Society. The German government awarded him the Cross, Order of Merit First Class, German Federal Republic (2000), and the Great Cross of the Order of Merit, German Federal Republic, 2013).The Society for Military History gave him a lifetime achievement award in 1993. <mask>'s publications can be found on the home page of the Institute for Advanced Study. The Second Generation: migrés from Nazi Germany as Historians contains a list of all monographs and edited volumes. A. Daum, H. Lehmann, and J. Sheehan are in New York. An autobiographical essay entitled "External Events, Inner Drives" is included in this volumes. 7278 In The Second Generation: migrés from Nazi Germany as Historians, there is a chapter on refugees from Nazi Germany.There is a biobibliographic guide. James J. Sheehan. New York: Berghahn Books. Academics from Utah, American male non-fiction writers, American military historians, American people of French descent, American people of Jewish descent, and German emigrants to the United States.

masks:
Peter Paret
Hans Paret
Paret
Paret
Paret
Peter Dude
Career Paret
Paret
Paret
Paret
Paret
Paret
Paret
Paret
Paret
Paret
Paret
Paret
Paret
Paret


title: Dick Marks

texts: <mask> is an Australian former rugby union footballer and noted administrator. He played 17 Tests for Australia between 1962 and 1967, and was the captain of the team from 1962 to 1972. He was the national coaching director from 1974 to 1995 and was a leader in lifting the standard of Australian rugby. He was an inaugural member of rugby's International Technical Committee and drafter of the Game's Charter. He received the Joe French Award for his contributions to Australian rugby, and remains active in debates on governance of Australian rugby. He was inducted into the Hall of Fame in 2020. He is the grandfather of a player.<mask> was an accomplished sportsman and scholar and captained both cricket and rugby when he was in boarding school. <mask> made theQueensland U19 team in 1961. <mask> played in the centres for Australia during theThornett Era, which saw the national side rise to new heights of success on the international stage. From an early age, theQueenslander made an impact with his tackling skills, speed and ability to break the line. He scored the home side's only try in 1962, against the All Blacks. A bout of illness prevented the 19 year old from playing in the second Test against the All Blacks. The 1962 Australia rugby union tour of New Zealand was captained by John Thornett.He made his Test debut in the centre with Beres Ellwood, just two days after turning 20. He played in seven of 13 tour matches and two tests. <mask> played in the historic defeat of the first England tour side in Australia in driving rain in 1963. He was selected for the Australia rugby union tour of South Africa in 1963, which saw Thornett's team tie a series against South Africa for the first time, and become the first side to score back to back victories in the two tests. In the historic Third Test victory at Ellis Park, <mask> set up John Williams for a crucial try. <mask> was selected for the 1964 Australia rugby union tour of New Zealand, playing six of eight matches. The tour featured another historic high for Australian rugby, with a 29-5 victory in the Third Test at Wellington, which remains the highest margin loss for New Zealand at home to this day.Australia won a series against South Africa for the first time. <mask> played against the Spring Boks in two tests. He captained the side against the touring Lions after missing out on selection for Australia. The 1966–67 Australia rugby union tour of Britain, Ireland and France saw an historic first victory over Wales and a record win over England. <mask> played for Australia against the Irish in 1967, and captained the team. He had a comeback season in 1972 after retiring as a Wallaby. He captained the Wallabies against a French provincial side in 1967.He ranked the wins of the Spring Boks in 1963, New Zealand in 1964 and Wales in 1966 as career highlights. Jack Pollard described him as a versatile centre who did everything sensibly and reduced mistakes to a minimum. He tackled hard and ran strong in his football. The record was a proud one. He played in 51 matches for his country. He obtained the position of Director of Coaching for rugby atRothmans in 1974 because he was highly respected by his peers. <mask> was the founding director of the National Coaching Scheme for Australian Rugby.He was in charge of Australian rugby from 1995 to 1995. He served on the first IRB Technical Committee and wrote a Charter of the Game. <mask> was tasked with writing a 300 page Rugby Coaching after the Australian Rugby Union created a National Coaching Plan. Spiro Zavos describes the manual as a compendium of the best in rugby thinking and practice at the time. It is a masterpiece. The kind of manual he would have produced if he had written about rugby would be here. The National Coaching Plan worked.The success of Australian rugby came from the despair of the 1970s. The <mask> directorship established a number of other innovations according to the rugby historians. Development officers used the national coaching process, the ground-breaking and world-recognised program developed under the auspices of David Clark from the Australian Institute of Sport, run by <mask> and Brian O'Shea. Most of the funding came from the clubs. The program made it possible for all coaches in Australia to use skilled coaching processes. It helped improve the quality of coaching of rugby in Australia. Most of the players in the 1999 RWC had come from the amateur programs and were coached by people from the Clark/Marks/O'Shea program.<mask> was invited to continue in his position as National Director of Coaching on the payroll of the Australian Rugby Union after the sponsorship of the program ended. ill-health forced the resignation of the CEO, and his successor John O'Neil controversially replaced him with Welsh coach Alex Evans, whose tenure was short-lived. The foundation laid by the coaching scheme ensured that outstanding Wallaby performances carried on through to the 1999 World Cup win. <mask> has made a name for himself as a public speaker and master of ceremonies, according to Meares and Howell. He received the prestigious Joe French Award for outstanding service to rugby over a long period of time. He is influential in rugby circles and endorsed the #LetsFixAustralianRugby campaign to reform administration of the game in Australia. The shutting down of the National Coaching Committee was the beginning of the end.<mask> was inducted into the Hall of Fame in November 2020. Rugby failed to care for its garden according to an article by <mask>. <mask> wrote Let's Fix Australian Rugby. The solution? <mask> made a recommendation on 25 November. There are external links to <mask> historical profile. <mask> is a Statistician.Rugby union officials and players from 1942 births.

masks:
Marks
Marks
Marks
Dick Marks
Marks
Marks
Marks
Marks
Marks
Marks
Marks
Marks
Dick Marks
Marks
Marks
Marks
Dick Marks
Dick Marks
Dick Marks
Richard Marks
Dick Marks


title: Stretch (rapper)

texts: Randy Walker, of the stage name <mask>, was an American rapper and record producer. He joined 2Pac's rap group in the early 1990s. Their split was caused by the shooting of Shakur. One year after the shooting of Shakur, <mask> was shot and killed at the age of 27. He was tall. Randy Walker was born in 1968 in Springfield Gardens, Queens, to an American father and Jamaican mother. Randy's siblings were a younger brother and two sisters.His mother was a nurse at New York University Medical Center. Live Squad was formed in the late 1980s by Randy and his brother Christopher and DJ K-Low. "Troopin It" and "We Ain't Havin' It" are two of the tracks on Live Squad's debut album, titled BQ In Full Effect, in 1988. <mask>'s voice is deep and raspy. The Bay Area rap group Digital Underground's 1991 album featured <mask> on a track called "Family of the Underground." Live Squad reworked the group's single "No Nose Job." In the summer, <mask> met 2Pac.They became fast friends. "If My Homie calls" was his February 1992 single. Live got signed to Tommy Boy Records thanks to <mask>, who praised Live's demo tape and took "executive producer" credit on its releases. Live Squad released a double A side in 1992. "Heartless," followed by a single, "Pump for a Livin'," in 1993. The promo short film, Game Of Survival, was released on VHS tape and featured six songs from the group's forthcoming album. In June, national outrage broke out over the Los Angeles area's original gangsta rapper Ice-T's side project, his rock band Body Count's album of heavy metal with its track "Cop Killer."Tommy Boy dropped Live Squad and put the album on hold. While filming his breakthrough role in Juice, Stretch and Treach, he was also an extras. The beatdown was delivered after the trailer was robbed. In late 1991, after studio recordings, live shows, and TV appearances with Stretch, 2Pac put out his debut album, 2Pacalypse Now, with two tracks, including "Crooked Ass Nigga." Juice's release in 1992 sent 2Pac's star on the rise, even though he was unable to put a track on the soundtrack. In 1993, 2Pac's second album, Strictly 4 My N.I.G.G.A.Z., found Live Squad producing and featured on "Strugglin'," along with Treach and rapper Apache. Stretch produced two more tracks, "The Streetz R Deathrow" and "Holler If Ya Hear Me."The Mac Mall song "Ghetto Theme" and the Above The Law and Money B song "Call It What You Want" were both made famous by <mask> and Stretch on The Arsenio Hall Show in 1994. 2Pac and Big Syke recorded "Thug Life" in 1992. In 1994, the group's only album, Thug Life: Volume 1 was released, and it was the group's only song. "Bury Me a G" is the lead single from "Thug Music", which was cut amid controversy over lyrics. After meeting Biggie, a promising young rapper from Brooklyn, on his visit to California, Tupac supported and mentored him, a prospective member of Thug Life.Live Squad, 2Pac, and Biggie performed at a university in Prince George's County, Maryland. "House of Pain" was recorded for Biggie's debut album. Ready to Die was Biggie's debut album, but without the song. The alliance was severed on the night of November 30, 1994, at the Times Square building of Quad Recording Studios. James "Jimmy Henchman" Rosemond, a music manager, hired the rapper to record a verse for a song called "Dom Perignon" in 1994. A member of the Bad Boy record label's circle via Biggie's side group Junior M.A.F.I.A. greeted them when they arrived with Stretch and two others. In the lobby, three men pulled pistols and robbed Tupac, who was shot five times.Among others, he pointed to Biggie and Henchman. Biggie was accused of not knowing about the setup. On the day after the shooting, he was convicted of sexual assault in a Manhattan court. He was sentenced to at least a year and a half in prison on February 14, 1995. In March, 2Pac's third album, Me Against the World, was released with Stretch removed from its track "So Many Tears." In a jailhouse interview published in April, Tupac discussed the November shooting and Stretch, a 6'8" man. I think Stretch is going to fight.If niggas come to rob you, they always hit the big nigga first. They came straight to me. In the interview, Stretch was not implicated in the crime. Publicly responding, Stretch contends, "Pac's saying all this shit in the interview, like, 'I thought that Stretch was gonna fight.' He was over them. I ain't never going out like that. I'm not dumb.I don't have a gun, what am I supposed to do? I might be towering over niggas, but I'm not. It was reported that there was evidence that Tupac had shot himself. Stretch said that he only heard one shot. The man tried to go for his shit when he was shot. He made a mistake when he tried to get his gun. I will let him tell the world that.... He tried to pull the joint out quickly, but niggas caught him. He grabbed his hand by his waist. The stickup that took place in New York's Daily News about Jimmy Henchman's associate Haitian Jack is being suggested by a retired New York Police Department officer. The November 1993 sexual assault on a woman in a hotel room was one of the charges against Jack and two other men. The newspaper published Tupac's gripe after Haitain Jack took a plea deal for no jail time. A message was being sent to him not to name-drop.Jimmy said nobody came to rob you. They came to punish you. On June 15, 2011, Dexter was sent from Brooklyn's Metropolitan Detention Center to All HipHop.com to confess to his crime. He said that he was one of the men who robbed and shot Tupac at the direction of Jimmy Henchman. On October 12, 1995, with bond posted via Suge Knight, CEO of Death Row Records, and pending appeal, Tupac was released from prison in upstate New York. His fourth album, All Eyez on Me, was recorded in Los Angeles. "Ambitionz Az a Ridah" and "Holla At Me" both have lyrics against Stretch.<mask> was dead before the album's release. In July 1996, the sophomore album, It Was Written, by rapper Nas, from Queensbridge in Queens, would have Live Squad production on two tracks, "Take It In Blood" and "Silent Murder" from <mask>'s final recording session. After leaving the Nas recording session at midnight, <mask> dropped off his brother at his Queens Village home. Two or three men in a black car pulled up beside and chasing <mask>'s green minivan, rolled down the window and fired at it. He was found dead at the age of 27 after he crashed at 112th Avenue and 209th Street. In one theory, Stretch had robbed a big drug dealer of over 10 bricks and refused to return the over 10 kilograms of cocaine, which was why a hit was issued. Federal prosecutors were named as suspects in the murders of Jam Master Jay, legendary DJ of Run-DMC, and Ronald "Tenad" Washington, in Jamaica, Queens.The Live Squad production "Nothing to Lose" was used on the first posthumous 2Pac album, "R U Still Down?", which was released in 1997. Remember me. "God Bless the Dead" is a song dedicated to "Biggy Smallz," but not the famed Live squad or Biggie Smalls, who is otherwise known as The Notorious B.I.G. The Notorious B.I.G. had a promotional release in 1999. There is a Bad Boy version of "House of Pain" on Born Again. Kenneth "Supreme" McGriff, a suspect in the murder of Jam Master Jay, was said to have ordered the murder of rapper E-MoneyBags. Tommy Boy Records nixed Game of Survival, the Live Squad album, in 2001.There are 27 Club List of murdered hip hop musicians.

masks: Stretch Stretch Stretch Stretch Stretch Stretch Stretchac Stretch Stretch Stretch Stretch


title: Charles Mattocks

texts: The colonel in the Union Army who received the Medal of Honor was named <mask>. He served in the 17th Maine Infantry during the American Civil War. He was a prisoner of war for nine months. He was a brigadier general in the Maine State Militia during the Spanish–American War. He argued a case before the Supreme Court after being elected to the Maine House of Representatives. The only son of Henry and <mask>, <mask> was born in Vermont on October 11, 1840. Henry was a merchant and a bank cashier for most of his life after he was born in Middlebury, Vermont in 1805.<mask> was three years old when he died. Samuel's son also worked at the bank, as did Henry's brother. Martha and Henry were married in the 19th century. <mask>, <mask>'s grandfather, commanded a Connecticut company during the American Revolutionary War. The mother of <mask> moved with him to his home in Baldwin, Maine, when he was 10 years old. <mask> attended Lewiston Falls Academy in Maine. <mask> attended a small college in Maine in 1858 and graduated in 1862.He was a member of the Peucinian Society and studied elocution and German while at school. <mask> was elected by his peers as the Peucinian Orator, missing only 4 votes. At the beginning of the American Civil War, <mask> formed a military company called the "Bowdoin Guards." They were not supplied with uniforms by the government. The 75 students who volunteered for the unit were commanded by <mask>. He was challenged to bear down and live up to his potential. In the summer of 1862, Chaimberlain and <mask> enlisted in the Union Army along with 25 other students, three of whom joined Charles in the 17th Maine Volunteers.<mask> enlisted in the Union Army after graduating from Bowdoin College. He was a lieutenant in the 17th Maine Volunteer Infantry and fought in the Battle of Chancellorsville and the Battle of Appomattox Court House. <mask> kept a journal for almost every day until June 14, 1865, detailing his experiences during the war. Fourteen men and two officers were killed in the Battle of Chancellorsville. A few days after the battle, he and his company were mentioned by name in a report written by a brigadier general. The battle of Gettysburg resulted in the loss of over 100 soldiers. The men standing beside him had been killed.On July 22, <mask> was ordered to organize conscripts from Vermont, Maine, and Massachusetts that would eventually reinforce the 17th Maine. In January of 1864, the colonel of the 17th Maine Infantry Regiment was promoted and the lieutenant colonel was detached from duty. As a major, <mask> was given command of the unit for two months. <mask> had a short leave of absence after the lieutenant colonel returned and took command. Less than a week after <mask> returned from leave, he was moved from the 17th Maine Infantry to the 1st United States Sharpshooters. He commanded the 1st United States Sharpshooters in the Battle of the Wilderness and was captured by the Confederate Army. He escaped from the Confederate prison camp in South Carolina on November 3, 1864, along with Captain Julius Litchfield and Lieutenant <mask>, who were captured in the same battle.They trekked for two days without food before meeting a slave who fed them chicken, corn bread and potatoes. While in prison camps, he received support from both the Union and Confederate Freemasons. On November 28, <mask> was regained from the Union lines by Cherokee scouts. They were taken by train to a prison camp in Virginia after walking over to Morgantown, West Virginia. In February 1865, <mask> was exchanged and released. The Secretary of War allowed <mask> to rejoin the 17th Maine Infantry Regiment as a major rather than resume his previous command of the 1st United States Sharpshooters. He first served outside of Virginia.<mask> led the charge at the Battle of Sailor's Creek after the fall of Petersburg. The last battle of the American Civil War was Sailor's Creek. On April 9, 1865, Robert E. Lee surrendered the Army of Northern Virginia. The Medal of Honor was awarded to <mask> in 1899 for his actions in the Battle of Sailor's Creek in 1865. He became a full colonel of volunteers on May 15, 1865. On June 4, 1865, <mask> was out of the volunteers. On February 21, 1867, President Andrew Johnson nominated <mask> for appointment to the grade of brevet brigadier general of volunteers, to rank from March 13, 1865, for "faithful and meritorious services" during the war, and the United States Senate confirmed the appointment on March 2John Haley, one of his enlisted soldiers, wrote after the war, "I can't think of any officer I'd sooner part with, for he was very pompous and had yards and yards of superfluous red tape about him." Major <mask> received the Medal of Honor during the Battle of Sailor's Creek. A group of 220 men captured two stands of colors, two pieces of artillery, and a loaded wagon train. On March 29, 1899, he was awarded the Medal of Honor. The first lieutenant was commissioned on July 31, 1862. Company A was promoted to captain on December 4, 1862. Promoted to major on December 22, 1863.The 1st Berdan was commanded by Major General William Birney on May 5, 1864. The Battle of the Wilderness took place on May 5, 1864. Prisoner of war until 1865. Promoted to lieutenant colonel after being appointed brevet-colonel of US Volunteers. Promoted to Colonel on May 9, 1865. On June 4, 1865, Mustered out with the regiment. After the Civil War, <mask> became a captain in the Maine State Militia.He was promoted to colonel in 1879. The 3rd brigade of the 2nd Division under Major General James F. Wade was commanded by <mask> during the Spanish–American War. The 1st Maine Volunteer Infantry, 52nd Iowa Volunteer Infantry, and the 1st Mississippi Volunteer Infantry were under him. The war ended before <mask> was able to take part in the action. The War Department discharged <mask> along with 28 other generals on October 7, 1898. This was not due to the performance of the generals, but due to the fact that the army's size had been reduced and there was no need for such a large number of officers. After the Civil War, <mask> attended Harvard Law School and graduated in 1867.He married the daughter of Augustus Robinson on June 27, 1871. In 1869, he became the county attorney for Cumberland County, Maine. The position was held by him from 1870 to 1873. The Supreme Court of the United States was in front of Morril v. Jones. Lot M. Morrill was represented by <mask>. A large farm was maintained by <mask>. The executive committee of the Union Soldiers and Sailors was active in campaigning against the Democratic Party.<mask> was an Adjutant General and Department Commander in the Grand Army of the Republic in Maine. He was a member of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion. In order to supervise the creation of the Our Lady of Victories monument, <mask> and 20 other Maine veterans were appointed to the Portland Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument Association. He introduced a statue of Major General Joseph Hooker. <mask> was a Republican and served in the Maine House of Representatives for four years. He was the Inspector-General on the staff of Governor Frederick Robie. Cumberland County had a judge named <mask> in December 1900.In 1893, <mask> was the executive commissioner from Maine to the World's Columbian Exposition. He was in charge of the construction of Maine's building. It was described as "one of peculiar shape, being somewhat irregular and running to a point" and designed to be different from any other State's building. Much of the building was donated by Maine quarrymen. The death and legacy of <mask> took place at 17 Lewis Street in Portland, Maine. He was buried with military honors. As part of <mask>'s military pension, his wife was paid $50 a month.The Charles P. Mattocks Scholarship was established in 1955. The Baldwin Historical Society is housed in the Brown Memorial Library in Baldwin, Maine, which was established in 1907. There is a list of American Civil War brevet generals and a list of Harvard Law School alumni.

masks:
Charles Porter Mattocks
Martha Mattocks
Mattocks
Charles
Samuel Mattocks
Charles
Charles Mattocks
Charles
Mattocks
Charles
Mattocks
Mattocks
Mattocks
Mattocks
Mattocks
Mattocks
Mattocks
Mattocks
Mattocks
Charles Hunt
Mattocks
Mattocks
Mattocks
Mattocks
Mattocks
Mattocks
Mattocks
Mattocks
Mattocks
Mattocks
Mattocks
Mattocks
Mattocks
Mattocks
Mattocks
Mattocks
Mattocks
Mattocks
Mattocks
Mattocks
Mattocks
Charles


title: Tan Kim Ching

texts: <mask> was a Chinese politician and businessman. He was one of the three sons of <mask>. He was a member of the Royal Court of Siam. He was one of the leading Chinese merchants in Singapore at that time. He was the first Asian member of the Straits Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society. He became the Kapitan Cina of the Straits Chinese community after his father's death. He is thought to have been the leader of the Triad in Malaya.One of Singapore's leading Chinese merchants, and one of the richest men in Singapore, was named <mask> <mask>. He was 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 The firm's name was changed to "<mask> Ching" after the death of his father. <mask> Ching was the sole owner of the business at "River-Side" from 1851 to 1859. In 1860, after admitting his brother as a partner, the firm was known as "<mask> <mask> & Brother", but a few months later <mask>wee Lim left the firm. He bought rice mills at Saigon, Siam, and elsewhere which supplied him with his milled rice, and his business became known as "Kim Ching & Co." The company opened a branch in Hong Kong.He had concessions in Patani that allowed him to supply his own rice to his workers. He was one of the first merchants to import silk. He was involved in the shipping business. In 1863, he paid $120,000 to find and set up the Tanjong Pagar Dock Company, purchased two steamships, Siam and Singapore, and promoted the Tanjong Pagar Dock Co. According to some historians, the history of Kra Buri began with the governor. He had tin mining operations in the Kra Province. He played a significant role in fostering relationships between Singapore and the colonial government on the one hand, and Siam and its ruler King Mongkut on the other.He helped Sir Harry Ord secure a new treaty with Kedah in 1867, and played an important role in ending the Larut wars by getting Abdullah to seek British intervention, which led to the signing of treaties at Pangkor. Over 400 people were killed in the Hokkien-Teochew Riots in 1854. With the assurance of Seah Eu Chin of the Teochews, the situation was brought to an end after a meeting with British authorities. A man of influence in Singapore, Hokkien marriages were often solemnized in his office and the certificates were stamped with the company rubber stamp. The first leader of the Hokkien Huay Kuan was installed in 1860 in the premises of the Hock Keng Temple. He was the president for 30 years. He established a marriage registry for the Hokkiens.He was one of five Chinese members of the grand jury. The British Straits Settlements government made him a Justice of the Peace in 1865. He was appointed to the council in the late 19th century. He was responsible for the conduct and administration of the Chinese population in Singapore. He was the most powerful Chinese leader in the 19th century. At the end of his life, he was acquitted of keeping slaves. He owned the steamers Siam and Singapore, as well as a large number of mining concessions which had not been prospected.He helped strengthen ties between Singapore and Siam. The royal family of Siam often used <mask> <mask> as their go-between. In 1863 he was appointed the first Siamese Consul in Singapore and in 1885 he was promoted to the position of consul-general. The royal title was bestowed on him. He was the Special Commissioner for Siam. When the Siamese king wanted to get out of a treaty with France, he introduced his business partner in Singapore, Read. In the northern Malay States bordering Siam, Kelantan and Patani, he had a great influence on the Chinese and they were under the control of the British Empire.Patani became part of the Kingdom of Siam in 1909. The Siamese and Perak governments had a difficulty that was settled by the help of <mask> <mask>. When King Mongkut of Siam wanted to find someone who would help educate the members of his immediate family without trying to convert them to Christianity, he turned to his Singapore consul, <mask> <mask>. Like the American missionaries here. Anna Leonowens, a young widow who was looking for work to support herself and her two children, was recommended a teacher in Singapore by <mask> <mask>. The story of the teacher and the King of Siam has been told in two films, The King and I and Anna and the King. The King and Queen of Siam stayed at the "Siam House" in North Bridge Road when they arrived in Singapore in 1890.The king was supposed to arrive in Singapore on the royal vessel Ubon Burratit on May 30, 1890, but instead landed at Johnston's Pier. Only <mask> <mask> was at the pier to receive him. The acquisition of "Hurricane House" in the vicinity of Orchard Road was the result of the king's desire to acquire property in Singapore. The foundation stone of the Tan Tock Seng Hospital was laid on Pearl's Hill. The construction took three years. The hospital stayed empty for two years because of insufficient funding. In order to ease overcrowding at the hospital founded by his father, <mask> Seng, <mask> offered to cover the cost of additions to the building.Many merchants increased their monthly subscriptions because of his generous gesture. The additions were completed by 1854. There is a stone inscription at the hospital gate. As the government wanted to build a new building, the Tan Tock Seng Hospital had to move. <mask> agreed to the move if the rebuilt hospital wouldn't cost as much as the original one. His mother paid for a female ward to perpetuate the memory of <mask>ck Seng. Two years after the government decided to acquire Pearl's Hill, construction work began and <mask> <mask> donated an additional $3,340.The <mask> clan needed an ancestral temple to serve their needs and in 1876 the Tan Si Chong Su was built. He donated $100 when the Chinese school was built. He donated $150 towards the construction of the school. <mask> <mask> was one of the founding members of The Straits Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society. William Henry Macleod Read, Chairman of the Straits Chamber of Commerce, secured the lease for Klang from Raja Abdullah bin Raja Jaafar, the administrator of Klang. Being able to collect taxes was one of the benefits of this lease arrangement. The civil war that started after they tried to collect taxes from Raja Mahdi was called The Selangor Civil War.There are articles at Larut War and Pangkor Engagement about <mask> <mask>, who was a member of the Ghee Hin secret society and a supporter of the Raja Muda Abdullah of Perak. <mask> <mask> was the one who encouraged Abdullah to write. In October 1873, after being released from his arrest at sea, and being forbidden to return to Perak, he went to Singapore to seek help. If Ngah Ibrahim hadn't aligned himself with the Hai San, he wouldn't have gotten it. At that time, <mask> <mask>'s influence among the Chinese was without comparison. After going through the introduction provided by the Ghi Hin from Penang, <mask> offered to put Abdullah on the throne in return for five elevenths of all duties collected between Telok Serah and Krian for a period of ten years. The letter was drafted by <mask> <mask> and W. H. M. Read and was signed by Raja Muda Abdullah, who expressed his desire to place Perak under British protection.In the British intervention in Malaya 1867-1878, Parkinson tells us that Sir Andrew Clarke, just weeks after his arrival in Singapore, had already found evidence of the continuing unrest in Perak and Selangor. He talked to <mask> Cheng besides his executive council. Both the Hai San and Ghee Hin should have access to Larut, a complete reversal of the policy of his predecessor, Sir Harry Ord. In order to advocate peace, <mask> <mask> wrote to the Ghee Hin on Penang. Pickering was sent to Penang to talk to the headmen. <mask> <mask>'s letter was given to Chin Ah Yam. The Ghee Hin Kongsi house was where the headmen met through the night to consider <mask> Cheng's letter.They agreed to surrender their forces in seven days. The main Chinese leaders and some Malays were gathered at Pulau Pangkor after the outcome of the meeting with Chung Keng Quee. During the tenure of Chiu Sin Yong's Revenue Farming syndicate in Singapore, <mask> testified against Cheang Hong Lim and his group who had organized a conspiracy to scuttle Chiu's farming syndicate. The testimony of <mask> Cheng was a blessing. The Haizhang group was led by <mask> and his father, while theZhang Hai group was led by Cheang Sam Teo and his son. Commander of the Third Class of the Order of the Rising Sun of Japan. The Governor of the Straits Settlements, Sir Andrew Clarke, wrote a letter of thanks for his help in resolving a problem between the Siamese and Perak governments.He was honoured by China for his contribution to the Famine Fund. "It is usual in the Straits to speak of well-to-do Chinamen as gentlemen but as a fact, very few of them would be entitled to the distinction in China; and none with exception of the Honorable Mr. Whampoa, a member of the Legislative Council of this <mask> had three wives and 19 children. He had seven children with his first wife, three with his second wife, and nine with his third wife. One of the rare instances of a Chinese lady being appointed and assuming the duties of executrix was when <mask> Gay was the first among those appointed trustees of his estate. Five of his grandsons were members of the Chinese community. <mask> was buried at his private burial ground at the 13 mile mark on the Changi Road.According to reports from local and foreign newspapers, he was held in high regard and given an idea of what it was like. The Singapore Free Press reports that the remains of the late Mr <mask> <mask> were removed from his residence in North Bridge Road and taken to his private burial ground at Changi. The ceremony was of interest to the many sections of the Chinese community who were present, as well as to the many Orientals who were present at all the windows and street corners along the route of the procession. There were three Siamese priests who took part in the unwieldy yet orderly procession, which covered more than a mile in length, when Mr. <mask> <mask> was the Consul-General for Siam. On account of numerous, costly and rainbow tinted presentation banners freely subscribed for by the deceased's countrymen, leading the procession was a gigantic figure which cost 40DOL, some 15 feet or more in height. He looked terrible for this purpose, with his red face and huge rolling eyes, as he drove his wooden car. The titles of the deceased were carried by many and varied Mandarin monstrosities, as well as painted Malay and Malacca bands, with a constant rumble of drums and banging of brazen instruments.A band of 72 coolies in mourning costumes carried the coffin in a palanquin and decorated it with a canopy. The females of the deceased's family were wearing sackcloth. The funeral cortege left the house in North Bridge Road shortly after eleven o'clock and proceeded slowly along, past the Gas Works to the 13th milestone on the Changi Koai. The interment will take place this evening at eight o'clock. <mask> Liat, the grandson of <mask> <mask>, initiated the setting up of the school which was financed by the Hokkien Huay Kuan. The temporary grounds for the school were at Siam House. His grave was moved to Bukit Brown in 1940.There are two roads in Singapore named after him. The Golden Chersonese and The Way Thither was published by the National Library Board of Singapore. Putnam's Sons James Brooke of Sarawak: A Biography of Sir James Brooke was published in 1953. Off. Margaret Landon wrote Anna and the King of Siam. The Malaysian Branch was published in 1922 Singapore Then & Now, Ray Tyers, University Education Press, and The Sunday Times. The Siam Society From Competition to Constraint: The International Rice Trade in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries was published in 1987.21, No. pp. 3 (1987) A paper was presented to the International Association of Historians of Asia, Conference, Taiwan, Taipei, 6–10 December 2004. There was a rice trade between Siam and Singapore in the 19th century. The Methodist Schools in Malaysia: Their Record and History was published by the Board of Education. Wood was published by the American Association of Singapore.

masks:
Tan Kim Cheng
Tan Tock Seng
Tan Kim
Ching
Tan Kim
Tan Kim
Tan Kim
Ching
Tan S
Tan Kim
Ching
Tan Kim
Ching
Tan Kim
Ching
Tan Kim
Ching
Tan Kim
Ching
Tan Tock
Tan
Tan
Tan To
Tan Kim
Ching
Tan
Tan Kim
Ching
Tan Kim
Ching
Tan Kim
Ching
Tan Kim
Ching
Kim Ching
Tan Kim
Ching
Tan Kim
Tan Kim
Ching
Tan Kim
Ching
Tan Kim
Tan
Tan Kim
Tan
Tan
Tan Cheng
Death Tan
Tan Kim
Ching
Tan Kim
Ching
Tan Boo
Tan Kim
Ching


title: Kotaro Shimano

texts: <mask> is a Japanese kickboxer who fights out of Futtsu, Japan. He was the Krush Superfeatherweight champion. He is ranked the ninth flyweight in the world by Combat Press. He entered the rankings in May. One of the best runs of his career was in 2014, when he went on a five fight winning streak. The Krush Superfeatherweight title was up for grabs and this run earned it. He didn't win the title as Urabe won a unanimous decision.He entered the 2016 K-1 Superfeatherweight Grand Prix after losing three of his next four fights. He defeated Hitoshi Aketo in the quarterfinals, but lost to Koya Urabe in the semifinals. The MA Japan Kick Superfeatherweight title was won by Motoki. He won the fight. He won the MA Japan title with a second round knockout of Ryoji Washio. The Krush Superfeatherweight title was won by Masanobu Goshu. He won the fight.When he faced Tatsuya Oiwa at Krush 96, he was going to defend his Krush title for the first time. The fight went into an extra round. The Krush title was going to be defended for the second time by Shimano. The fight was decided by a unanimous decision. During the MA Japan Kick - Soeno Dojo 50th Anniversary event, <mask> was scheduled to fight Saichan for the World Superfeatherweight title. He won the fight by a split decision. He scored a knockout over Woo Seung Beom in his second win with MA Japan.The four-game winning streak was extended by a unanimous decision win against Nariai and a TKO win against Sano. He was going to fight Ryusei Ashizawa in Tokyo. The 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 He won a unanimous decision against Miwa. Sano Tenma was scheduled to fight at the K-1 World GP 2021. The 61 kilogram catchweight bout was scheduled to take place at the K-1 World GP in Japan. The decision (unanimous) was made at 3:00 on Saturday, March 09.The Ext.R Decision (Unanimous) was made in Tokyo, Japan. Rungphet Wor Rungniran was a member of the MA Japan Kick team. Win, Naoki Yamamoto, and Krush.86 are from Tokyo, Japan. "Dynamite" Yuta Takahashi and Krush.74 are from Tokyo, Japan.

masks:
Kotaro Shimano
Shimano


title: Touch the Clouds

texts: Mapya Itagya, also known as Mapya yapat'o, was a chief of the Minneconjou Teton and was known for his bravery. Lone Horn's youngest son was a brother to several animals. He is thought to be a cousin to Crazy Horse. Touch the Clouds's Wakpokinyan band traveled to the Cheyenne River Agency when they split in the 1870s. After the death of his father, he took over the leadership of the band in 1875. After the Battle of the Little Bighorn, he took the band north and enlisted in the Indian Scouts. Touch the Clouds was with his band at the time of Crazy Horse's death.Touch the Clouds held the position of leader of the Minneconjou until his death in 1905. Amos Charging First became the new chief after his father's death. Touch the Clouds was the youngest son of Lone Horn, leader of a band called the Wakpokinyan. Touch the Clouds was known for his height and strength. Lieutenant Henry R. Lemly described Touch the Clouds as being six feet five inches in his moccasins and weighing 280 pounds. Touch the Clouds had earned the respect of his peers and had been selected as the head of one of the tribe's warrior societies by the time he reached his thirties. He led war parties against enemy tribes.When Touch the Clouds led a horse-raiding party, they turned back because they were outnumbered by the Crow. The crisis over the increasing European-American presence on the northern Great Plains caused growing dissension among the various Lakota bands as they debated what to do. The Wakpokinyan appears to have split, with some of the band going into the Cheyenne River Agency on the Missouri River. A portion of the group chose to stay out. Lone Horn was 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 Lone Horn's son became the leader after his father's death, as the US Army began its campaign against the non-treaty tribes. Touch the Clouds stayed with his band at the Cheyenne River Agency through the summer of 1876.Touch the Clouds appealed to the army officers at the nearby post to have compassion on them after learning of the Little Bighorn defeat. Don't punish us because we fought. The army prepared to disarm the friendly Lakota and take their ponies because they believed they were supporting the "hostiles". In late September 1876, Touch the Clouds was suspicious of the Army's intentions, so they led a break out of the agency, abandoning their lodgepoles and other possessions in their hurried flight north. The arrival of these refugees, including Touch the Clouds, Roman Nose, Bull Eagle, and other headmen, introduced a more moderate element into the leadership of the northern villages. Several skirmishes took place along the new road to the Tongue River Cantonment in October 1876. Representatives of the Minneconjou met with Colonel Nelson Miles to discuss the possibility of surrender after Crazy Horse and Sitting Bull left.Touch the Clouds was located near Short Pine Hills on the Little Missouri River in February of 1877. He met the leader of the Brulé in a five-day council. He agreed to surrender with his band at the Spotted Tail Agency. Touch the Clouds was the first to ride forward. He announced to everyone who could hear that he had laid down the gun and wanted to surrender. Touch the Clouds and the Minneconjou lived peacefully at the Spotted Tail agency. The Minneconjou leader was described as an honorable and peaceable Indian, a man of good character, a very fine man, and a peacemaker by the interpreter at Spotted Tail.He was persuaded to join the Indian Scouts by the army. The relationship between Touch the Clouds and the Army soured in August of 1877 when he and Crazy Horse were asked to lead scouts north to fight Chief Joseph and the Nez Perce. The army tried to arrest Crazy Horse, but he escaped. Crazy Horse was killed when army soldiers tried to force him into the guardhouse at Camp Robinson. Touch the Clouds was allowed to stay with Crazy Horse. Touch the Clouds put his hand on Crazy Horse's chest and said it was good. Touch the Clouds was a delegate in Washington, D.C.<mask> the Clouds and his band joined the tribe after the Red Cloud and Spotted Tail Agencies were removed from the Missouri River. The northern bands surrendered the previous spring. They headed north to join Sitting Bull, who was in Canada after the Battle of the Little Bighorn. Touch the Clouds was able to keep most of his band quiet. He wanted them to be transferred to the agency. The agent at Red Cloud supported the transfer. Touch the Clouds was very obedient and orderly during his stay with me and his band remained behind when other people left.<mask> the Clouds and his band returned to the Cheyenne River Reservation in central South Dakota in February of 1878. He lived there the rest of his life. The last remaining Minneconjou bands came back to the river in the spring of 1882, bringing the tribe together for the first time in decades. The traditional six headmen of the tribe were all dead by this time. The Minneconjou either affirmed or appointed new leaders to fill vacancies. <mask> the Clouds wore a shirt to fill his father's position. White Bull, Big Crow, White Swan and <mask> the Bear were selected as new leaders."It is hard to be chief; but I do my best to be a chief," the new leaders sang at the ceremony. Touch the Clouds traveled to Omaha, Nebraska in 1898 to be photographed by Frank A. Rinehart. Touch the Clouds was an advocate for his people for the rest of his life. In 1884, Rev. Foster went to the reservation. Touch the Clouds said that he felt the importance of this new way and wished for himself and his people schools and churches. On September 5, 1905, he died on the Cherry Creek River.Touch the Clouds was married multiple times. He had at least one son and several daughters. Amos Charging First succeeded his father as a community leader, the next in a line of headmen that started with the great Lone Horn. There are External links to Touch the Clouds. The 19th-century Native Americans died in 1905 and the 20th-century Native Americans died in 1830.

masks: Touch Touch Touch Touch


title: Ernst Haeckel

texts: <mask> was a German zoologist, astronomer, philosopher, physician, professor and artist. He discovered, described and named thousands of new species, mapped a genealogy tree of all life forms, and connected many terms in biology. The influential but no longer widely held recapitulation theory, which claims that an individual organism's biological development, or ontogeny, parallels and summarises its species, was developed by <mask>. Over 100 detailed, multi-colour illustrations of animals and sea creatures are included in the published artwork of <mask>. In 1901, as a philosopher, he wrote Die Weltrthsel, "The Riddle of the Universe." He also wrote Freedom in Science and Teaching to support teaching evolution. <mask> embraced the idea of Social Darwinism and was a promoter of scientific racism. He was born on February 16, 1834, in the Kingdom of Prussia.The Domgymnasium was the cathedral high-school of Merseburg. He studied medicine in Berlin and Wrzburg, as well as with Albert von Klliker, and with the anatomist-physiologist Johannes Peter Mller. He went to Wrzburg to attend the botany lectures. After obtaining a doctorate in medicine, <mask> got a license to practice medicine. Haeckel thought the occupation of physician was not worth it. After earning a habilitation in comparative anatomy at the University of Jena, he went on to become a professor of zoology at the University at Jena for 47 years. Radiolarians, poriferans, and annelids were all worked on by Haeckel.There are nearly 150 new species of radiolarians. Anna Sethe was his first wife. Desmonema annasethe was dedicated to his unforgettable wife by <mask>. <mask> traveled to the Canary Islands in the 19th century. He arrived in London in October of 1866. He visited Thomas Huxley and his family at their home over the next few days. He visited Charles Darwin at Down House.He was married to Agnes Huschke in 1867. Their son Walter was born in 1868, their daughters Elizabeth and Emma were born in 1871 and 1873, respectively. He traveled to Norway, Croatia, Egypt, Turkey, and Greece in the 19th century. He built a museum to teach the public about evolution. In 1910, <mask> left the Evangelical Church of Prussia and retired from teaching. He received a two-volume work edited by the German Monistenbund at his 80th birthday party. He broke his leg and arm after his wife died in 1915.The Carl Zeiss foundation preserved his library after he sold his villa in 1918. On August 9, 1919, <mask> died. <mask> was the most famous advocate of Monism in Germany. His political beliefs were influenced by his affinity for the German Romantic movement and his acceptance of a form of Lamarckism. Haeckel believed that the characteristics of an organisms were acquired through interactions with the environment. The social sciences were seen as instances of "applied biology", and that phrase was used for Nazi propaganda. The Monist League was formed in 1906 to promote a "natural Weltanschauung".Notable members of this organization were Walter Arthur Berendsohn, Georg von Arco, and Helene Stcker. The first person to use the term "first world war" was him. Monism and <mask>'s freedom of thought were not allowed by the Nazi Party. The great contribution of educated Jews to the German culture was often recognized by <mask>. An accomplished artist and illustrator, <mask> was a professor of comparative anatomy. Although <mask>'s ideas are important to the history of evolutionary theory, and although he was a competent anatomist most famous for his work on radiolaria, many speculative concepts that he championed are now considered incorrect. Haeckel named hypothetical ancestral microorganisms that have never been found.He was one of the first to think of psychology as a branch of biology. In 1866, he proposed the kingdom Protista. His main interests were evolution and life development processes, which culminated in the beautifully illustrated art form of nature. <mask> believed in Lamarckism and did not support natural selection. The earlier recapitulation theory was set out by tienne Serres in the 1820s and supported by followers of tienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire. The phrase "ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny" was used to describe the link between ontogeny and phylogeny. He gave "strong recapitulation" instead of his concept of recapitulation, in favor of the ideas first advanced by Karl von Baer.The strong recapitulation hypothesis views ontogeny as repeating forms of adult ancestors, while the weak recapitulation hypothesis believes that what is repeated is the ancestral embryo development process. embryo drawings have been shown to be oversimplified and inaccurate, and the theory is now considered an oversimplification of complicated relationships, however comparison of embryos remains a powerful way to demonstrate that all animals are related. Heterochrony is the change in timing of development over the course of evolution. <mask> sometimes took leaps from available evidence. At the time when Darwin published On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, <mask> believed that evidence of human evolution would be found in the Dutch East Indies. No remains of human ancestors had been identified. He instructed his students such as Richard and Oskar Hertwig to find the Pithecanthropus alalus, a species that he described in great detail.The remains of Java Man were discovered by a Dutch student in 1891, consisting of a skullcap, thighbone, and a few teeth. These are some of the oldest hominid remains ever found. Java Man was reclassified as Homo erectus after being classified as Pithecanthropus. The common ancestor of modern humans and the other great apes was suggested as an intermediate form by some scientists of the day. The current consensus of anthropologists is that the direct ancestors of modern humans were African populations of Homo erectus, rather than the Asian populations exemplified by Java Man and Peking Man. A dwarf human type, Homo floresiensis, has recently been discovered in the island of Flores. The creationist polygenism of Samuel George Morton and Louis Agassiz was rejected by Charles Darwin, who argued for the monogenesis of the human species and the African origin of modern humans.In contrast to most of Darwin's supporters, <mask> put forward a doctrine of evolutionary polygenism, in which several different language groups had arisen separately from speechless prehumans, which themselves had evolved from simian ancestors. Under the influence of each main branch of languages, humans evolved into separate species, which could be divided into races. The implication was that the human races with the most potential were led by the Semitic and Germanic groups. <mask>'s view can be seen as a progenitor of the views of Coon, who believed that human races evolved in parallel with each other. The ideas eventually fell out of favor. The hypothesis of polygenism was applied to the modern diversity of human groups. He became a key figure in social darwinism and leading proponent of scientific racism, stating that the Caucasian was the highest and the primitives were doomed to extinction.He claimed that the Negro had stronger toes than any other race and that Whites were the most civilized. In his Ontogeny and Phylogeny Harvard paleontologist Stephen Jay Gould wrote, "<mask>'s evolutionary racism; his call to the German people for racial purity and unflinching devotion to a 'just' state; his belief that harsh, inexorable laws of evolution ruled Peter Peel stated in his introduction to the Nazi party ideologue Alfred Rosenberg's 1930 book that he had read <mask>. Historian Daniel Gasman states that the birth of Fascist ideology in Italy and France was stimulated by <mask>'s ideology. According to Robert J. Richards, Haeckel formed closer and more intimate relations with natives than he did with the European colonials. Haeckel was rejected by the Nazis because he opposed antisemitism while supporting other ideas they disliked. According to the Asia hypothesis, the first humans had evolved in India.Darwin's hypothesis of Africa was rejected by <mask>, who argued that humans were related to the primates of Southeast Asia. The missing link was to be found on the lost continent of Lemuria located in the Indian Ocean. He supported the idea that Asia was the cradle of hominid evolution because he believed that it was the home of the first humans. The migration of humans to the rest of the world was made possible by the connection of Asia and Africa. He thought the first humans had used migration routes outside of Lemuria in The History of Creation. When <mask> was a student in the 1850s, he showed great interest in embryology, attending the rather unpopular lectures twice and in his notes sketched the visual aids: textbooks had few illustrations, and large format plates were used to show students how to see the tiny It was more difficult to compare different species because of inconsistent views and stages in the developmental series.It was agreed by all European evolutionists that all animals looked the same at an early stage, in what was thought of as a common ideal type, but there was a continuing debate from the 1820s between the Romantic recapitulation theory that human embryos developed through stages of the forms of all By the time <mask> was teaching, he was able to use a textbook with illustrations written by his own teacher Albert von Klliker, which purported to explain human development while also using other mammals to claim a coherent sequence. This was not polite enough for the new popular science writing and was a matter for medical institutions and experts who could make their own comparisons. Darwin, Naturphilosophie and Lamarck Darwin's On the Origin of Species, which made a powerful impression on <mask> when he read it in 1864, was very cautious about the possibility of reconstructing the history of life. At an early stage, embryos were so similar that it was impossible to tell if they were a mammal, a bird, or a reptile. In a year, <mask> wrote his massive and ambitious Generelle Morphologie, presenting a revolutionary new synthesis of Darwin's ideas with the German tradition of Naturphilosophie going back to Goethe and with the progressive evolutionism of Lamarck. He used embryology as evidence of ancestral relationships to reconstruct the evolutionary history of life.He invented new terms to describe his theory of evolutionised recapitulation. With his limited understanding of German, Darwin was unable to read the two massive volumes. <mask>'s publisher turned down a proposal for a strictly scholarly and objective second edition. The principle of a Cosmic Synthesis unifying science, religion, and art was the aim of embryology drawings <mask>. In an approach pioneered by his teacher, he was giving successful "popular lectures" on his ideas to students and townspeople. To meet his publisher's need for a popular work, he used a student's transcript of his lectures as the basis of his Natrliche Schpfungsgeschichte of 1868. In the spring of that year, he drew figures for the book and published pictures of different types.He told a colleague that the images were "entirely exact, partly copied from nature, and partly assembled from all illustrations of these early stages that have hitherto become known". There were many different styles of embryological drawings at that time. <mask> believed that his figures were both exact and synthetic, and in public he said they were schematic like most figures used in teaching. The images were reworked to match size and orientation and show <mask>'s view of essential features, which supports von Baer's idea that embryo begin similarly and then diverge. The evolutionary message was conveyed by the juxtaposition of different images on a grid. The book was written for the general public and did not cite sources. The book sold very well, and while some experts were hostile to <mask>'s views, the figures in the book showed what they already knew.The first published concerns came from Ludwig Rtimeyer, a professor of zoology and comparative anatomy at the University of Basel who had placed fossil mammals in an evolutionary line early in the 1860s. At the end of 1868 he wondered about the claim that the work was popular and scholarly, and expressed horror about the public discussion of man's place in nature with illustrations such as the evolutionary trees. The subject demanded the utmost "scrupulosity and conscientiousness" and an artist must "not arbitrarily model or generalise his originals for speculative purposes" which he considered proved by comparison with works by other. The embryo of the dog, the chick, and the turtle is presented to the reader three times in a row. <mask> was accused of playing fast and loose with the public and failing to live up to his obligation to the truth of every serious researcher. The duplicated embryo images were changed to a single image captioned "embryo of a mammal or bird" in the second edition. The use of galvanoplastic stereotypes was a common technique in textbooks, but not on the same page to represent different eggs or embryos.It is unlikely that this was intentional deception since the repetition of small details was obvious, and <mask> made the excuse that it had occurred in haste. The revised 1870 second edition of 1,500 copies attracted more attention, being quickly followed by further revised editions with larger print runs as the book became a prominent part of the optimistic, nationalist, anticlerical "culture of progress" in Otto von Bismarck's new German Empire. The illustrations were praised by experts such as Michael Foster of the University of Cambridge. In the introduction to his 1871 The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex, Darwin gave particular praise to Haeckel, writing that if Natrliche Schpfungsgeschichte had appeared before his essay had been written, he should probably never have completed it. "As some of my readers may never have seen a drawing of an embryo, I have given one of man and another of a dog, at about the same early stage of development, carefully copied from two works of accuracy," the first chapter said. The fifth edition of Haeckel's book replaced the heads of apes and humans with a heroic portrait of him. Anthropogenie, Haeckel's simplified embryology textbook, made the subject into a battleground over Darwinism and the Catholic Church.<mask> took particular care over the illustrations, changing to the leading zoological publisher and obtaining from them use of illustrations from their other textbooks as well as preparing his own drawings including a dramatic double page illustration showing "early, somewhat later" and "still later" There had been little dispute about the embryos and he had many expert supporters, but he revived the earlier criticisms and introduced new attacks on the 1874 illustrations. Both expert anatomists and Catholic priests were politically opposed to <mask>'s views. There does not appear to be an independently verified source for the claim that <mask> was charged with fraud by five professors and convicted by a university court. Some of the criticisms of <mask>'s embryo drawings were legitimate, but others were not. <mask> rejected the claims of fraud because there were multiple versions of the embryo drawings. There is evidence of sleight of hand on both sides of the feud between <mask> and His.The case for <mask> was defended by Robert J. Richards in a paper published in 2008. In 1885, <mask> was elected as a member of the American Philosophical Society. The Linnean Society of London's prestigious Darwin-Wallace medal was awarded to him in 1908. In the United States, a summit in the Eastern Sierra Nevada, overlooking the Evolution Basin, is named after him, as is another summit in New Zealand. He is remembered in Jena with a monument, an exhibition and a museum that teach about evolution. The ratfish is named after him. The research vessel is named after him.The journal was published in the city of Maracay, Venezuela. There are calcareous sponges in the Clathrinidae family. Five species were assigned to Clathrina. The name of the group honors <mask> for his contributions. Although its sales exceeded its publisher's hopes, the 1859 book On the Origin of Species was a technical book rather than a work of popular science. One of <mask>'s books explained his version ofDarwinism to the world. The History of Creation was published in English in 1876 after being translated into German in 1868.There were 11 editions and 25 translations into other languages before 1909. <mask> was one of Germany's most popularizers of science. After the book's first publication in 1899, over 400,000 copies were sold. Human evolution consisted of 22 phases, the 21st being the "missing link" between apes and humans, according to <mask>. He named the missing link Pithecanthropus alalus. Many books, scientific papers, and illustrations were produced by <mask>. There are books on biology and its philosophy.The History of Creation was written in English and was based on the descendance theory by Charles Darwin. <mask>'s social Darwinism has been seen as a progenitor of Nazi ideology. The relationship has been denied by others. The evidence is ambiguous. <mask> was an advocate of scientific racism. He held that evolutionary biology proved that races were not equal in intelligence and ability and that their lives were not equal in value. The "lower" races would eventually be wiped out as a result of the "struggle for existence".He believed that "survival of the fittest" was a natural law that led to improvement of the race. He believed that 200,000 mentally and congenitally ill should be killed by a medical control board. This idea was used by Nazi Germany in the Aktion T4 program. The founder of the German Society for Racial Hygiene invited <mask> to become a member. <mask> accepted the invitation. Germany should be governed by an authoritarian political system, as well as being an inevitable product of evolutionary law, according to <mask>. <mask> believed in the superiority of German culture.<mask> was not an anti-Semite. Jews appeared closer to the top of the racial hierarchy than they did to the bottom. During the First World War, he wrote propaganda in favor of the war. Historians argue that <mask>'s ideas were common at the time, that Nazis were more influenced by other ideas, and that <mask> is properly classified as a 19th-century German liberal. Evolutionary biology and Nazi ideology are incompatible. The question of whether Haeckel should be counted as a pioneer of their ideology was debated by the Nazis. In 1936, a biography of <mask> was written by a captain and a Biologist.The opinion was shared by the journal, which celebrated <mask>'s 100th birthday in 1934, with several essays lauding him as a pioneer thinker of Nazism. Other Nazis were not close to <mask>. Darwin and evolution were listed on an "expunged list" in Nazi propaganda guidelines. <mask> was included as a forbidden author. <mask> was rejected by a member of the Nazi Department of Race Politics. <mask> was also rejected by Kurt Hildebrandt. <mask> was rejected by the Nazis.The list of wildlife artists Proteus is from the 2004 film. An animated documentary film on <mask>'s "Kustformen der natur" is a slide-show essay.

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title: Robert Gardiner Hill

texts: <mask> was a British surgeon who specialized in the treatment of lunacy. He is usually credited with developing a mode of treatment in which reliance on mechanical medical restraint and coercion could be dropped altogether. He reached this situation in practice. The merits of his methods were debated for a long time. In the treatment of mental illness, <mask> insisted that standard medical procedures had nothing to offer. He was the son of <mask> of Louth and Deene, and <mask> was an elder brother. He was trained as a surgeon at the age of 14.He became a member of the Royal College of Surgeons of England in 1834. <mask> got the appointment of house-surgeon to the General Dispensary at Lincoln after passing as a surgeon. At the Dispensary <mask> worked with a doctor. "Non-restraint" <mask> was elected house surgeon to the Lincoln Lunatic Asylum. The system of moral management was introduced at the York Retreat. Charlesworth had tried to reduce the dependence on mechanical restraint at the asylum. After his appointment, <mask> looked into the register of the asylum and began to think that he might no longer be coerced.In the appendix to <mask>'s book, there is a comparison of the table of restraints for 1830 with the table for 1835, with a number of patients in the house. The dormitories, almost entirely established for the prevention of suicides, were one of the improvements introduced by <mask>. He said alcohol abuse was the most important factor in bad cases. <mask> had trouble with a non-restraint system. The governors wouldn't offer higher pay without clear and convincing results. It caused serious tensions in the asylum because the system required <mask> to supervise the staff closely. The situation in the institution had become intolerable.<mask> resigned from his post. <mask>'s system won admirers despite his problems. Sergeant John Adams was an assistant judge. He was interested in the asylum when he was in Lincoln. In his capacity as a member of the Visiting Justices to Hanwell Asylum, he encouraged Dr. John Conolly to visit Lincoln Asylum and witness <mask>'s methods. The visitors' book at Hanwell shows that this Conolly admired <mask>'s system. After Lincoln Asylum Hill, there was a career in the mental health field.He became proprietor of Eastgate House in Lincoln with Richard Harvey. He was given a public dinner in Lincoln in October of 1851 in which he was presented with a "author and originator of the non-restraint system in lunacy". The Wyke House Asylum partnership was dissolved in 1860, with Willett remaining as proprietor. The College of Physicians, Edinburgh had a licentiate of <mask>. <mask> became the proprietor of Earl's Court House, Old Brompton, a private asylum for women, in October 1863, after moving to London. He was buried on the western side of Highgate cemetery after he died of apoplexy at Earl's Court House. There is a grave on the right-hand side of the main path.<mask> <mask> and <mask> <mask> were both doctors in asylums. Before and after his death, his wife and at least three daughters were involved in the care of the insane. Fenstanton House was managed in Tulse Hill. <mask> published Total Abolition of Personal Restraint in the Treatment of the Insane. There is a lecture with statistical tables. There is a history of the abolition of medical restrains in the treatment of the insane. Lunacy, its past and present.He wrote three articles about the abolition of personal restraint in treatment of the insane. Six articles in the Medical Circular on Psychological Studies were published in January 1858. In response to Charlesworth and Conolly, <mask>'s priority claim on non-restraint was put forward. He responded to Conolly in the Concise History. In 1869, Sir James Clark, 1st Baronet wrote a memoir about John Conolly, while <mask> contributed to the debate in 1870. <mask> gave a lecture on the treatment of the insane. Thomas Prichard and the non-restraint movement at the Northampton Asylum are examples of moral treatment.The Psychiatric Bulletin has a contemporary account by a doctor. 19th-century English medical doctors, English psychiatrists, and English male non-fiction writers.

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Robert Hill
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title: Attila Bartis

texts: <mask> is a Hungarian writer, photographer, dramatist and journalist. The Attila Jzsef Prize was given to him in 2005. His books have been translated into many different languages. He published his second novel in 2001. He joined the Széchenyi Academy of Literature and Arts. <mask> was born in 1968 in Trgu Mure, in the Transylvania region of Romania. Margit Gherasim was his parents.His father was a writer, poet and journalist. His family were Hungarian. After the Hungarian Revolution of 1956, Ferenc was imprisoned in Gherla Prison but was released seven years later. <mask> grew up drawing, painting, photographing and writing. His mother died in the summer of 1983. In 1984, sixteen-year-old <mask> and his father were stripped of their citizenship and presented with stateless passports, and advised to leave for Hungary. The father and son moved to Hungary.<mask> graduated from a gym. He studied photography at the MOSZ. He was a photographer in a used bookstore. His debut novel, A séta, was published in 1995. A kékl pra, his debut short story collection, was published in 1998. <mask>' novel, Tranquility, was published in 2001. It was adapted into a film.The film stars Dorottya Udvaros and Zaln Makranczi. Imre Goldstein translated Tranquility into English in 2008. His work had never been translated into English. The Best Translated Book Award was won by Goldstein's translation. One story a month was published by Bartis for one year. A Lzr apokrifek, a collection of twelve short stories, was published in 2005. In 2010, <mask> and Istvn Kemény published a book called "Amirl lehet", which features conversations they had with each other.He published an anthology of <mask>' short stories in 2010, all of which were previously published in A kkl pra and A Lzr apokrifek. A collection of diary entries and sticky notes was published by Bartis in 2019. <mask> lived in Berlin, Germany, and Java, Indonesia for a while in the early 2000s. A vége was his third novel. He lived in Indonesia. The 1997, 2002 and 2005 Attila Jzsef Prize were awarded to <mask>. He received A Magyar Kztrsasgi rdemrend lovagkeresztje.He joined the Széchenyi Academy of Literature and Arts. English, Arabic, French, German, Chinese, Spanish, Portuguese, Turkish, Romanian, Polish, Czech, Croatian, Norwegian, Serbian, Dutch, Italian, Slovak, Russian, Macedonian and Uyghur are some of the languages his books have been translated into. He has exhibited his photographs in numerous exhibitions. The first breakthrough in photography was by <mask> in 1996, when his Az Engelhard-hagyaték photography exhibit was exhibited at the Mcsarnok-Dorottya Galéria. Twenty-four writers wrote poems or short stories for their portraits in the exhibit, which featured portraits of writers and portraits of women. The exhibition was a hit in Germany in 1999. In 2006 Az Engelhard-hagyaték was exhibited in Warsaw.The Photo Pygmalion exhibit was shown in 1998. A csndet gy, a photo-book featuring low-resolution photos taken with a mobile phone from January 2005 to December 2008, was published in 2010. He published a photo-book in 2016 with text by Istvn Kemény. The photos were exhibited in Hungary. The photo-book was titled A szigeteken and had text by Zsolt and <mask> Szcs. His largest photo-book to date was a collection of pictures taken in Java and Indonesia. The photos were on display at Mai Man Hz.The drama Anym, Kleoptra was adapted into a play by Dramas <mask>. Dorottya Udvaros starred in the play. In 2016 <mask> made his directorial debut with a play at the National Theatre in Trgu Mure. The victims of the Hungarian Revolution were remembered in the drama. It was presented at the Comedy Theatre of Hungary. <mask> has lived in Hungary and Indonesia since 1984. He married in 1990.His daughter was born in 1990 and his son in 1993.

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Attila Bartis
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title: Rory Singer

texts: <mask> is an American mixed martial artist and black belt. His break came after he met the producers of the show. Forrest's fight against Stephan Bonnar was filmed at The Hardcore Gym. After Forrest won Season 1 he was approached to appear on Season 3. <mask> has been involved in martial arts since he was 11 years old. His brother taught him kickboxing, karate, Taekwondo, and other martial arts. He is a former Golden Gloves and Muay Thai champion.The singer is a black belt. He is a co-owner of the MMA Gym SBG Athens with his brother and Black Belt <mask>. The Hardcore Gym produced some fighters. <mask> has fought for several local organizations as well as the UFC. He made it to the semi-finals of The Ultimate Fighter 3 and lost to Ed Herman. <mask> was scheduled to fight on September 26, 2014, after a 5 year break from MMA. The California State Athletic Commission pulled Sincaid from the fight.<mask> lives in Athens, Georgia, where he teaches martial arts to people of all ages. <mask> married in August of 2008. A singer is Jewish. He graduated from the University of Georgia with a degree in biological engineering.

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Adam Singer
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title: Kakinomoto no Hitomaro

texts: The late Asuka period saw the emergence of a Japanese waka poet named <mask>to no Hitomaro. He was the most prominent of the poets included in the Man'ysh, the oldest waka anthology, but apart from what can be gleaned from hints in the Man'ysh, the details of his life are largely unknown. He was born to the <mask>to clan in Yamato Province in the 650s and died in Iwami Province around 709. He is best known for his works for imperial princes, as he served as court poet to Empress Jit. He also wrote travel poems. He is one of the greatest poets of all time. The Man'ysh and the Kokin Wakash were praised by tomo no Yakamochi and Ki no Tsurayuki.He was known as Hito-maru from the Heian period. He is considered one of the four greatest poets in Japanese history, along with Fujiwara no Teika, Sgi and Bash. The Man'ysh is the only early source for the life of the poet <mask>to no Hitomaro. His name is not in any of the official court documents. The Hitomaro clan is an offspring of the ancient <mask>to clan. In the northeastern part of the Nara Basin, the Wani clan gave many imperial consorts in the fourth through sixth centuries. The Nihon Shoki and the Kojiki contain many of their clan traditions.Either Shinj, Nara or the Ichinomoto area of Tenri, Nara is where the Kakinomoto clan was based. The main Wani clan were based in this area, so the Kakinomoto clan may have had a close relationship with their parent clan. According to the Shinsen Shjiroku, the clan's name comes from the tree that grew on their land during the reign of Emperor Bidatsu. The title of the Kakinomoto clan was promoted from Omi to Ason in the eleventh month of 694. The probable head of the clan, <mask>to no saru, was one of ten people appointed in the twelfth month of 681. Watase thinks that the Kakinomoto clan may have had literary success in the court of Emperor Tenmu. According to the Shoku Nihongi, the Junior Fourth Rank, Lower Grade was attained by Saru.There are many theories about the relationship of the poet Hitomaro and his father, brother, uncle or the same person. There is little support for the theory that they were the same person. It is certain that they were members of the same clan and active at the same time. It is possible that their activity at court had an effect on each other. The year in which he was born is not known and can't be said with certainty about any aspects of his life beyond his poetic activities. Hitomaro is thought to be 21 years old by the Japanese, which would put his birth between 653 and 655. The earliest work attributed to him in the Man'ysh is his Tanabata poem (Man'ysh 2033), which was written in the ninth year of Emperor Tenmu's reign.The introduction to the Kojiki states that the mythology had begun to be compiled during Tenmu's reign. Hitomaro's composition of a poem means that he probably attended some of the gatherings. A significant number of poems in the Kakinomoto no Ason Hitomaro Kash were apparently recorded by Hitomaro before 690, and are characteristic of court poetry, leading to the conclusion that he was active in court from the early part of Emperor Tenmu's reign. He was writing love poems at the court. It is thought that Hitomaro came to court in response to an imperial order. Hitomaro may have served at Tenmu's court based on his poetic activities. Under the empress-consort Princess Uno-no-sarara, second under Crown Prince Kusakabe and third in the palace of Prince Osakabe, Watase presents three principal theories.During the reigns of Empress Jit and Emperor Monmu Hitomaro, they acted as court poets. Hitomaro composed an elegy for Prince Kusakabe after he died. He wrote an elegy for Princess Asuka, who died in the fourth month of 700, and a poem about an imperial visit to Kii Province. During the period in which Empress Jit was active, his poetic composition flourished. He composed poetry for many members of the imperial family, including the empress, Prince Kusakabe, Prince Karu, Prince Takechi, Prince Osakabe, Prince Naga, Prince Yuge, Prince Toneri, and Princess Hatsusebe. He composed poetry in Yamashiro Province and mi Province in the north, Kii Province in the south, Shikoku, Kysh and the Seto Inland Sea in the west. According to Susumu Nakanishi, the fact that most of his poems are about princes and princesses indicates that he was a writer affiliated with the literary circles that formed around these junior members of the imperial family.Hitomaro died before the moving of the capital to Nara, according to the ordering of poems and their headnotes in the second volume of the Man'ysh. He would have been in the sixth rank or lower. The date, site and manner of his death are a matter of scholarly debate, due to some conflicting details that are gleaned from poems attributed to Hitomaro and his wife. He would have been in his mid-fifties when Watase thinks he died. According to Mokichi Sait, Hitomaro died in an epidemic that swept the provinces. Hitomaro's final poem suggests that he died in the mountains. Sait thought he had located the site of the Kamoyama of the above poem and erected a monument there, but two poems by Yosami that immediately follow the above in the Man'ysh suggest otherwise.The above-quoted translation is based on Sait's interpretation of kai. Hitomaro died near the mouth of a river where it meets the sea, according to some scholars. The translation would be "Alas! He is buried with the shells of the Stone River. Sait explained that "Ishikawa" is an archaic name for the upper part of another river, which is near the present Kamoyama. Hitomaro's death was connected to the sea by an unknown member of the Tajihi clan. Hitomaro was a court poet during the reigns of Emperor Monmu and Empress Jit, with most of his dateable poems coming from the last decade or so of the seventh century.He left a private collection, the so-called Kakinomoto no Ason Hitomaro Kash, which does not survive as an independent work, but was cited extensively by the Man'ysh. In the Man'ysh, 18 chka and 67 tanka are attributed to him. There are four books in the collection. There are six chka and 29 tanka that are classified as Zka, three chka and 13 tanka as smon, and nine chka and 25 tanka as banka. He composed so many banka that he contributed chka to all three categories. There are three chka and five tanka about reigning emperors, as well as seven chka and 17 tanka about the fallen mi capital. Hitomaro's poetry was mostly about the affairs of the court, but he also showed a marked preference for poems on travel.There are 85 poems attributed to Hitomaro by the Man'ysh and two chka and three tanka in books 3 and 9. One Hitomaro tanka is said to have been written in book 15 by an envoy sent to Silla. The Hitomaro poems give 20 chka and 71 tanka. Many of these poems may have been wrongly attributed to Hitomaro by tradition. In addition to Hitomaro's own compositions, there are also many poems said to have been recorded by him in his personal collection. The Hitomaro Kash had 333 tanka, 35 sedka, and two chka. There are close to 500 poems associated with Hitomaro.Hitomaro is known for his solemn and mournful poems about members of the imperial family, whom he described in his courtly poems as "gods" and "children of the sun". He incorporated elements of the national mythology in his poetry. While he is known for his poems praising the imperial family, his poetry is also filled with human sensitivity and a new, fresh "folkiness". The mi capital is noted for its vivid, sentimental descriptions of the ruins, while his elegy for Prince Takechi evokes the Jinshin War. His Yoshino and poems praise the natural scenery and the beauty of the Japanese islands, and his Iwami exchange vividly describes the powerful emotions of being separated from the woman he loved. His travel poems describe the mood of the courtiers on these trips, and his romantic poems convey honest emotions. He cried for the deaths of random commoners on country paths and court women who he didn't know.Watase credits him with the creation of an ancient lyricism that expressed both human sentiment and sincere emotions across both his poems of praise and mourning. There is evidence that Hitomaro influenced the poetry he wrote. His work can be found in poems 171 through 193 of Book 1 of the Man'ysh. Hitomaro's courtly poems influenced the court poets of the following generation, including Yamabe no Akahito. Hitomaro was praised by tomo no Yakamochi, a poet of the "fourth period" who probably had a hand in the final collection. The death of Hitomaro appears to have taken on some legendary characteristics. Ki no Tsurayuki referred to Hitomaro as Uta no Hijiri in his introduction to Kokin Wakash.Hitomaro had already begun to be apotheosized in the Heian period when the practice of Hitomaru-eigu gained currency. In the Kamakura and Muromachi periods, Hitomaro's divinity status continued to grow. The various legends about Hitomaro were rejected by the scholars of the Edo period. There is a shrine dedicated to Hitomaro in Akashi, which was believed to be where his spirit came to rest. Hitomaro is one of the greatest poets in Japanese history along with Fujiwara no Teika, Sgi and Bash. One hundred Poems from the Japanese (New Directions, 1955, ) contains several of Hitomaro's waka, as well as notable translations of 3 naga uta.

masks: Kakinomo Kakinomo Kakinomo Kakinomo Kakinomo