title: Sergei Ogoltsov

texts: A Soviet state security official named <mask> served as a deputy minister of state security from 1946 to 1953. <mask> was born on August 29, 1900 in Kanino village in Sapozhkovsky Uyezd of Ryazan Governorate in a peasant family of Russian ethnicity. After graduating from a two-class primary school in 1916, he continued his training as a parish clerk in the villages of Ukolovo and Prigorod. He joined the state security system in 1918 after becoming secretary of the parish executive committee. He joined the Russian Communist Party in 1919. He graduated from the Higher Border Guard School in 1927. He started his career in state security when he was 17 years old, working as a secretary in the bureau against profiteering.He became the deputy head of a bureau fighting counter-revolution in March 1919 after being promoted to an investigator in October 1918. In June 1919 he was transferred from the Uyezd office to the governor's office, where he became the head of the weaponry bureau. He was involved in combat activities against the Cossack general. Although Ogoltsov could barely read, he was very effective in finding "counter-revolutionary literature" during his search and seizure operations and soon his name was brought to the attention of Cheka top executives. Felix Dzerzhinsky's first deputy Ivan Ksenofontov was in charge of search and seizure when he was transferred to Moscow in April 1920. He was part of the team of security officers who accompanied Dzerzhinsky to Ukraine. He became the deputy head of the department fighting banditry at the end of the year after holding various security posts.In January 1921 he was appointed the head of Cheka in Lokhvytsky Uyezd and in 1922 the State Political Directorate was renamed. The Inspector for the Special Branch 14 Infantry Corps was created in 1923. In the 1930s, his command was continually transferred to different units within the country. He was promoted to commander officer of the border group in 1936. He joined the NKVD administration in 1939 after spending most of the 1930s in Ukraine. He spent a few years in Leningrad and Kuibyshev before being made the Commissar of State Security in 1944. Ogoltsov was involved in the deportation of people from the Soviet Union.He was the deputy minister of state security in the soviet Union from 1945 to 1946. The 1st Deputy Minister of State Security of the USSR was appointed in 1951. The Minister of State Security was nominated by Joseph Stalin, but he initially refused due to lack of knowledge and experience. <mask> became the Head of the Main Intelligence Directorate of theMVD in 1952 after serving as the Minister of Public Security in Uzbekistan. He was the first deputy minister of state security. The Poltava Governorate had coordinated operations against Ukrainian nationalists in the early 1920s. If the villagers refused to reveal the locations of counter-revolutionary units, the hostages were executed.The discovered units were destroyed because <mask> told them not to take prisoners in combat. The head of the NKVD in Kuybyshev was in charge of the execution of a Polish-Jewish activist. Alter and Henryk Ehrlich were pardoned in August 1941 after being arrested and accused of activities against the Communist movement in Poland. They were arrested again in December of 1941. They were sentenced to death in 1941 for being traitors. Alter was executed in 1943 after Ehrlich committed suicide in May 1942. An official report on the execution of Alter has been preserved.The deputy minister of state security of the soviets was responsible for coordinating mass deportations in the soviets. A large number of people accused of nationalism and banditry, along with their family members from Western Ukraine, were removed from Russian Zapad in October 1947. According to the official statistics, 39,482 people, along with their family members, were accused of nationalism, banditry and being kulaks, and they were deported in May 1948. In 1949 he was in charge of an operation against the Baltic republics of the USSR. The deportations took place in all three Soviet republics at the same time on 25 March 1949. He was involved in the murder of Solomon Mikhoels, a Jewish actor and producer, in 1948. Robert Conquest, a British historian and author, wrote in his book that Stalin's deputy minister of state security oversaw the death of Mikhoels at the KGB dacha in January 1948.800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 He received his third Order of the Red Banner for successfully executing the operation. Lavrenti Beria came to power in 1953 and revised the antisemitic policies of Stalin's last years, which resulted in Ogoltsov being stripped of the order awarded to him in 1948. After Stalin's death, Ogoltsov was removed from his position as the First Deputy Minister of State Security by Beria and arrested for the murder of Solomon Mikhoels. Ogoltsov was appointed to the personnel department of the Ministry of State Security after Beria was removed from power. He retired from active duty in January 1954. He was kicked out of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union for faking cases against professors.He was stripped of his state decorations on June 8, 1959 On December 30, 1976, he died and was buried in Moscow. There is a career and a destiny. <mask> was the most reasonable and businesslike of Abakumov's deputies. He was less guilty of dirty affairs than the others until it was known what he had actually done. The artistic director of the State Jewish Theatre was murdered in January 1948. Ogoltsov had at least one daughter.There were 1900 births and 1976 deaths in the Soviet Union during World War II.

masks:
Sergei Ivanovich Ogoltsov
Sergei Ivanovich Ogoltsov
Ogoltsov
Ogoltsov
Ogoltsov


title: Lucius Caecilius Iucundus

type: paraphrased

texts: <mask> was born in 14 A.D. The ruins of the city of Pompeii, which were partially destroyed by the eruption of Vesuvius, can be seen from his house. The house is known for its beauty, along with some material found about bank book-keeping and wax tablets, which were receipts. He is a central character in the Cambridge Latin Course series. The Pompeian banker Caecilius was born at the end of Augustus's reign. He was a successful bank teller who dealt with a wide range of Pompeians. Many small business tasks were performed by freedmen and slaves.Many names of elite Pompeian citizens occur frequently in his transaction records, suggesting that Caecilius had dealings with the upper class of his town. He traveled to Nuceria to help the wealthy Praetorian Guard senior centurion Publius Alfenus Varus resell some slaves that he had purchased in an auction. He had at least two sons. Each of Caecilius' sons was given a name that implied a relationship with the Caecilii Metella family. The tablets that Caecilius left behind suggest that he died in the earthquake on February 5th, since his records stop a few days before that date. Banking in Pompeii Caecilius was a type of argentarius, which meant that he acted as a middleman in auctions. The Pompeian argentarius would give the buyer a time frame in which to repay the vendor.The records of Caecilius show that the buyers had between a few months and a year to repay the loan. The interest on the loan would be paid by the argentarius, as well as a commission known as a merces. Some argentarii, called coactores argentarii, collected debt money in addition to making arrangements in the auctions, while other argentarii were assisted by coactores who collected the debts for them. Caecilius is not certain if he was simply an argentarius or a coactor. Caecilius kept private records of his business transactions on wax tablets, which were found in his house in 1875. There are 16 document contracts between Caecilius and the city of Pompeii, and 137 receipts from auctions on behalf of third parties. He advanced loans to buyers of auction items.Caecilius' tablets record the names of vendors and witnesses as well as transaction information. Caecilius had his witnesses sign in order of their social status, so the lists of witnesses give some insight into the social structure of Pompeii. There is a reference to Marcus Secundio in the tablets. Three wooden leaves are tied together to make six pages from the tablets. The receipt was written on the surfaces of the inner four pages. The witnesses placed their wax seals over the closed tablet, which was wrapped with a string. The document was not altered and there was a description of the receipt written on the outside.The receipt for the proceeds of an auction sale was translated from a tablet. Caecilius was very precise in the details. The date and the list of witnesses were listed in chronological order. It is possible to determine the social status of clients with whom Caecilius arranged transactions by examining several of his tablets. House Caecilius' house is still standing on Stabiae Street in Pompeii, and it provides many interesting pieces of information about Caecilius and Pompeii. There were many frescoes found here. Archaeologists found wax tablets there.There is a relief depicting the Temple of Jupiter in his house. A reclining dog is depicted at the entrance of the rotunda, which was once decorated with paintings and has a black and white mosaic on the floor. There are several graffiti messages on the walls of the house, including one that says "may those who love prosper; let them perish who cannot love; let them perish twice over who veto love." The tablinum, or study, in Caecilius' house contains some beautiful wall paintings, and an Amphora given by one of his sons to the other was also found in the house. Depictions in fiction Book One of the Cambridge Latin Course is a fictional account of the life of Iucundus, who is referred to as Caecilius in the series. He has a wife, Metella, whose name means "little basket of stones", and a son, Quintus, in the book. He has two slaves, a gardener and a cook.Felix was once a slave of Caecilius. After saving Quintus from a kidnapping attempt, the banker released him. Caecilius died in the eruption of Vesuvius. The records of his negotiated contracts ceased shortly before the eruption of the 62 AD earthquake, which is believed to have killed him. Caecilius has a small role in Robert Harris's novel Pompeii. In a 2008 episode of Doctor Who, Peter Capaldi played a marble merchant named Caecilius. He and his family are saved from the eruption by the Doctor in this story.There are pictures of the house and wall painting Caecilius at Nova Roma and the reconstruction of the house in Pompeii.


title: Althea Garrison

texts: <mask> is an American politician from Boston, Massachusetts, who has served on the Boston City Council as an at-large councilor. <mask> was elected as a Republican to the Massachusetts House of Representatives in 1992 and served one term from 1993 to 1995. Before and after <mask>'s successful bid for office, she has run unsuccessfully in multiple elections for the state legislature and Boston City Council as a Republican, Democrat, or independent, which has resulted in her being described in the media as a "perennial candidate". <mask> is the first trans person to be elected to a state legislature in the United States. After her election in 1992, she was outed by the Boston Herald. <mask> was an at-large member of the Boston City Council from January to January 2020 because of Ayanna Pressley's election to the United States House of Representatives. <mask> was able to take office due to the fact that she was the next-place finisher in the Boston City Council election.She wasn't re-elected in November. <mask> was the youngest of seven children and attended Hahira High School. <mask> moved to Boston to attend beauty school and went on to get an associate degree in college. <mask> received a B.S. A degree in administration from Suffolk University. A certificate in special studies in administration and management was obtained from Harvard University. In 1976, <mask> petitioned for a name change to <mask> <mask>.The name <mask> <mask> is consistent with the appearance and medical condition of the man, and he will be known as that in the future, according to the petition. <mask> was a clerk in human resources for the Massachusetts state comptroller's office, where she used her vacation time to run for office. She was a member of the Metropolitan Area Planning Council. <mask> ran for the Massachusetts House of Representatives as a Democrat in 1982. In 1983, 1985, 1987, 1989, and 1991 she ran for Boston City Council. During the 1991 campaign, the Boston Herald noted that she had run for office nine times, although <mask> later described the race as her 10th or 11th bid for office. <mask> finished third in the District 7 preliminary election in 1991.<mask> ran for the 5th Suffolk district in the Massachusetts House in 1992 and won. <mask>'s election to the legislature was made possible by the fact that she challenged some of the signatures that the then-incumbent representative submitted to qualify for the Democratic primary ballot. <mask> didn't have to run against an incumbent in the general election because of her challenge. <mask> defeated Roman in the general election by a wide margin. Shortly after <mask> was elected to the legislature, she was formerly known as a male. <mask> denied that she was a man and ended the conversation when asked about her past. In the Massachusetts House, <mask> voted in favor of labor unions, which resulted in her being endorsed for re-election by eight unions.She voted with the Democrats in the legislature. She was against abortion and same-sex marriage. <mask> was defeated in her 1994 bid for re-election by a margin of 2,108 votes. <mask> ran for office at least 32 times, all but one of them unsuccessful. The 5th Suffolk district in the Massachusetts House as a Democratic candidate finished third in the primary. In the 1987 Boston City Council election, the 5th Suffolk district in the Massachusetts House became an independent candidate and lost to Nelson Merced. The 5th Suffolk district in the Massachusetts House as a Republican candidate, lost to Nelson Merced by 31.2%.A special election in the 1st Suffolk district in the Massachusetts Senate as a Republican candidate, losing to Dick Czubinski in the primary, took place in 1996. In 1998, the 5th Suffolk district in the Massachusetts House was a Republican candidate. The 5th Suffolk district in the Massachusetts House of Representatives was a Democratic candidate and lost to Charlotte Golar Richie in the primary. A special election was held in the 5th Suffolk district in the Massachusetts House as a Democratic candidate, finishing third in the primary. The 5th Suffolk district in the Massachusetts House was an "Independent Progressive" candidate and the 1st Suffolk district in the Massachusetts Senate was a Republican. In the 2003 Boston City Council election, there was an at-large seat and in the 2005 Boston City Council election, there was an at-large seat. The District 7 seat on the Boston City Council was eliminated in the preliminary election of 2011.The 5th Suffolk district in the Massachusetts House was a Democratic candidate and lost in the primary. The 5th Suffolk district in the Massachusetts House as an independent candidate lost 83.9% to 15.6% in the 2015 Boston City Council election. The 5th Suffolk district in the Massachusetts House as an independent candidate lost to Liz Miranda. The at-large seat on the Boston City Council was taken by <mask> in the 2020 election. The next-place candidate in the previous election is required to fill the vacancies for the at-large council seats. <mask> took the oath of office on January 9, 2019. <mask> finished seventh in the general election field of eight candidates, but was a candidate for re-election.<mask> was an ardent supporter of the Boston Police Department. She was the only conservative on the Boston City Council. <mask> said she was an "independent conservative". <mask> supported rent control when he was a city councilor. The primary result is an uncertified Suffolk County Register of Probate Republican State Committee Woman.

masks:
Althea Garrison
Garrison
Garrison
Garrison
Garrison
Garrison
Garrison
Garrison
Garrison
Garrison
Althea
Garrison
Althea
Garrison
Garrison
Garrison
Garrison
Garrison
Garrison
Garrison
Garrison
Garrison
Garrison
Garrison
Garrison
Garrison
Garrison
Garrison
Garrison
Garrison
Garrison
Garrison
Garrison


title: Mullá Husayn

texts: The honorific Jinb-i Bbu'l-Bb, also known as the Gate of the Gate, was a Persian religious figure in the 19th century. He was the first person to say that he believed in the Bb and that he was a Manifestation of God. The title of Bbu'l-Bb was given to him by the Bb in recognition of his status as the first Bb. At the age of 21, Mull Husayn became an authorized member of the Shia clerical order after studying Usuli Shia theology. He traveled to debate prominent Usuli clerics to gain support for the teachings of Siyyid Kazim Rashti, the leader of the Shaykhi school. A group of Shaykhis traveled in search of the Mahdi after Rashti's death. Mull Husayn became the first follower of the Bb's religion, known as Bbism, on May 22, 1844.He was the first of the Bb's apostles. The anniversary of his conversion is a holy day in the Bah Faith. He was a prominent Bb Evangelist and leader as a Letter of the Living. His travels and public preaching allowed him to meet many prominent clerics and government officials, including Bahu'llh and Mohammad Shah Qajar. In Bah literature, he is often referred to as a paragon of courage and spiritual excellence. He was killed in the Battle of Fort Shaykh Tabarsi on February 2, 1849. Mull Husayn is a martyr in Bbism and the Bah Faith and has a high spiritual station in both religions as the first to believe in the Bb.The early life and education of Mull <mask> was that of a wealthy and established family of the town. At a young age, the honorific Mull became associated with him because he took on a leadership role as a child. It isn't part of his name. His father was a dyer and his mother a poet. Three of their children would become significant Bbs. He studied the Quran, reading, writing and basic math at the local maktab school, like most young boys of the era. Although he would later distinguish himself as a military leader, and traverse the entirety of Persia on foot multiple times, Mull Husayn is reported to have been in poor health from a young age.According to reports, he received treatment for heart palpitations. A critic of the Bb movement suggested that he received early training in swordsmanship, while childhood friends denied this, indicating he often had difficulty even with the physical exertion involved in lengthy writing sessions as a student. He left school at the age of twelve and went on to study Persian literature and the Qur'an in the madrasa of Mashhad. He studied Muslim theology and jurisprudence in the Usuli school while his family members practiced Ismaili Shiism. The madrasa of Mirz Jaf'ar is now a college of the larger Razavi University of Islamic Sciences. He was granted the right to preach in mosques, take on students of theology, and issue fatwas by the age of 21. He was attracted to the teachings of the Shaykhi school of Shia Islam, founded by Ahmad Ahs' and led at the time by his successor, Siyyid Kzim Rasht.His interest in Shayki teachings seems to have emerged in Mashhad, but the exact origin of his interest is unknown; an early mystical bent and a desire to blend scholarship with "inner knowledge" may have attracted him to the intuitive hermeneutical techniques used by the Shaykis. He was offered a position of religious leadership in his hometown, but he declined. In 1835 he traveled to the Shia shrine city of Karbala in the Ottoman Empire to study under Siyyid Kzim. His father had passed away by this point, so all of the surviving family members decided to move with him to Karbala. Siyyid Kzim told his students that the Qa'im was already living and that they should expect the fulfillment of the messianic expectations of Twelver Shiism in their lifetimes. When he was studying under Siyyid Kzim, he was often asked to travel to Persia to debate with orthodox Shia Ulama in order to gain more Persian support for Shaykism. He gained permission to supervise students of his own, as well as being asked on occasion to answer questions on his teacher's behalf, while he was a student of Siyyid Kzim.He received a stipend from the school for his work as a copyist. According to Bah sources, Siyyid Kzim gave Mull Husayn secret teachings which he did not share with the larger body of Shaykis, a claim which is evocative of his later role in Bbism. At the end of his life, Siyyid Kzim instructed his followers to leave Persia and surrounding lands in search of the Mahdi. There were 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 800-381-0266 The Husayn brothers, along with their nephew Muhammad-Baqir, spent forty days in the Great Mosque of Kufah in search of the Mahdi. The Mosque in KuFA was chosen as the site of their retreat due to its association with the martyrdom of the Imam Ali. They were joined by thirteen Shaykis, including Mull Aliy-i-Bastami, who accompanied them in spiritual preparation for their journey.At the end of the retreat, Mull Husayn received a letter which appeared to have been written by Siyyid Kzim before his death, but his companions assumed that the letter contained an appointment from Siyyid Kzim naming him as his. After reading the instructions of Siyyid Kzim, Mull Husayn burst into tears and realized the enormity and uncertainty of his task. After celebrating the Muslim holiday of Mawlid, the group of people went to visit the Tomb of the Imam Ali in Najaf, which is on the Persian Gulf. They continued to Shiraz in the Province of Fars after some time there. They traveled on foot for 600 miles without a clear destination or a guide. After arriving in Shiraz, Mull Husayn told his companions to go to the Vakil Mosque where he would join them for evening prayers. On May 22, 1844, he met Sayyed Ali Muhammad Shirzi, the Bb, who invited him to his home.He was told by Mull Husayn that he was looking for the Promised Mahdi and that he had learned a lot from Siyyid Kzim. The Bb said that he had all of the characteristics of the Mahdi. After the Bb replied to all of Mull <mask>'s questions, he wrote a long commentary on the Surah of Joseph, which has come to be known as the Qayy. When Mull Husayn asked Siyyid Kzim to do so himself, he was certain that the Mahdi would reveal a commentary on this. Mull Husayn's account of the signs he had been given by the dying Siyyid Kzim indicates that he was quickly convinced that the Bb satisfied these conditions. While the Bb had already revealed his religious mission to his wife, Khadjih-Bagum and his household servant, Mubarak, Mull Husayn became the first person to independently recognize him as the prophet of a new religion. The beginning of the religions of Bbism and the Bah Faith can be seen on the anniversary of this declaration.After his recognition of the Bb, Mull <mask> was appointed as the first member of the Letters of the Living. The Bb told Mull Husayn that he wouldn't be allowed to spread his religion openly until seventeen other people recognized him as the Mahdi. Notable clerics in Shiraz were included in the large number of students that Mull Husayn gathered for his teaching position in the Vakil mosque. His regular meetings with the Bb inspired the content of his lectures, even though he never directly referenced the Bb. Within five months, seventeen other disciples of Siyyid Kzim recognized the Bb as sent by God and joined the ranks of the Letters of the Living. Muammad-Bqir Bushr' and Mull were among the first to convert to Bbism. The Bb told the Letters of the Living to spread his religion throughout the country and surrounding regions.Mull <mask> was instructed by the Bb to spread Bbism as he traveled from Shiraz to Mecca. Qudds, the 18th Letter of the Living, was chosen to accompany the Bb on his pilgrimage rather than himself. The Bb indicated that Mull Husayn would be able to defend Bbism against opposition in the other cities of his journey, and that he would discover an important secret in Tehran. Mull Husayn used his authority as a mujtahid and his reputation as a follower of Siyyid Kzim to spread the new teachings of Bbism. He preached his new religion publicly and was reported to have drawn significant public attention, but he was opposed by some Shaykis and orthodox Shias in the city, but he was able to continue preaching for the duration of his stay. A number of residents converted to Bbism as a result of Mull Husayn's teaching. The example of the first Isfahani Bb, a wheat sifter of modest means, is often used as an example of the diversity of those who accepted the Bb's.During his time in Tehran, Mull <mask> went to Kashan and Qom to spread the Bb's teachings. He used his mujtahid's license to take up residence in a local madrasa in Tehran. He was opposed by members of the remaining Shayki community who felt he had abandoned his role as a leading follower of Siyyid Kzim to join a heretical sect. He did not take up a formal teaching role in Tehran at the request of the Shaykis. In spite of not preaching publicly in Tehran, Mull Husayn was received by a number of prominent residents, including the king Mohammad Shah Qajar and his prime minister, and shared the teachings and writings of the Bb with them. He befriended a student of one of the Shaykis in Tehran. Mrz usayn-Al Nr is the son of a prominent nobleman.The home of Mrz usayn-Al Nr received a scroll containing some of the writings of the Bb. Mrz usayn-Al Nr and his brother Mrz Ms converted to Bbism as a result of this exchange. Mrz usayn-Al Nr was the prophet-successor to the Bb after nineteen years. Mull Husayn's exchange with Bahu'llh was a fulfillment of the Bb's promise that he would find a secret of great importance in Tehran. After hearing about Bahu'llh's conversion, Mull Husayn left Tehran for his home province of Khorasan. As news of his preaching spread and the number of converts to Bbism continued to grow 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 888-349-8884 The public debate about the religion of the Bb was already going on when he arrived.He preached from the pulpit of the Goharshad Mosque in Mashhad and was able to convert a number of prominent ecclesiastical leaders to Christianity. In his letter to the Bb, from Mashhad, Mull Husayn shared news of conversions in Isfahan and Tehran, with particular emphasis on the conversion efforts of Bahu'llh. In the spring of 1845 Husayn received news that Bbs had been instructed to gather in Isfahan after returning from pilgrimage. While en route to Karbala, Mull Husayn met with a group of pilgrims. Qudds and another prominent Bb were arrested in Shiraz after their pilgrimage with the Bb, while the Bb was under house arrest in the home of his uncle. A group of people, including his brother and nephew, made their way into Shiraz in disguise. After making contact with the uncle of the Bb, the three of them were able to take up temporary residence in Shiraz and received permission to invite the Bbs gathered in Isfahan to gradually make their way into the city.When the Bb began to give public addresses and sermons, opposition to the Bb and Mull Husayn increased, particularly when the Bb began to engage in debates with local clerics. The Bb's resident in Shiraz was dismissed by the Bb. After being directed by the Bb to return to Khorasan, Mull Husayn continued spreading Babism throughout the province. An alliance between Kurdish tribes and the sheriff of Mashhad led to a rebellion against the Shah's government. Mull Husayn learned that the leader of the rebellion wanted to secure his support as a representative of the growing Bbi community, so he left Mashhad to avoid clashing with the local Bbs. The news that the Bb had been arrested and imprisoned in a mountain fortress near the Turkish border came about about the same time. In the early 19th century, Mull Husayn embarked on foot from Mashhad on the eastern edge of Persia to Tehran in the far northwest.He was accompanied by a Bb servant named Qambar-Ali. In Tehran he was received by Mrz Ms, half-brother to Bahu'llh, and a group of local Bbs. There is no known record of that meeting. He walked over 2000 miles in three months when he arrived in Maku. The frontier officer, Al Khn-i-Mh-K, converted to Bbism after two weeks after the government appointed him. Al Khn was instructed by the Bab to carry out the Bb's imprisonment order, but allowed pilgrims to visit him regularly. He was welcomed by Al Khn, who said that he had foreseen his arrival in a dream.The group of Bbs celebrated the holiday of Nowruz with the Bb. According to accounts, the two cherished each other's company in the relative peace of imprisonment in a remote province, as evidenced by the fact that Mull Husayn stayed in Maku with the Bb for nine days. The Bb's quarters were used for sleeping and receiving pilgrims. The Bb ordered Mull <mask> and Qambar-Ali to leave. In his farewell address, the Bb praised Qambar-Ali, compared him to the groom of the Imam Ali,

masks: Husayn Husayn Husayn Husayn Husayn Husayn


title: Mullá Husayn

texts: and praised Mull <mask>'s courage and heroism. During their journey to Mazandaran, Qambar-Ali and Mull Husayn shared copies of significant works of the Bb with Bbs. The Bb was to be transferred to the castle of Chehriq by order of the Prime Minister.He stopped in towns with resident Bbis, sharing news of the Bb and encouraging the Bbis, who were facing increasing public opposition. He had a chance to meet with Bahu'llh again in Tehran. Qudds, the 18th Letter of the Living, received Mull Husayn on his arrival in Barforush. When Qudds was chosen to accompany the Bb on pilgrimage rather than himself, they had never spent much time together. He was a guest in the house of Qudds during his stay in Barforush and was able to meet a lot of converts and admirers. Qudds was promised by the Bb that he would find a hidden treasure which would reveal the character of the task he was about to perform. The Bb had referred to Qudds as a hidden treasure after reading some of his writings.Many of the Bbs thought that Mull Husayn was the most significant figure in the movement after Qudds, but after this interaction he deferred to Qudds and obeyed his instructions. The Bb confirmed Qudds's role as the chief of the Letters of the Living. Husayn engaged the leading Muslim cleric of the city in a public debate with the goal of either converting him or convincing him to reduce his public denunciation of the Bbis. Qudds instructed Barfurush to return to Mashhad after failing to convince him. Qudds instructed the Bbyyih of Mashhad to increase the capacity of the Letters of the Living to preach and convert. With the help of local Bbs, he purchased a plot of land and built a building to serve as a permanent residence for himself and Qudds as well as a center of Bb preaching and community life. The Bbyyih of Mashhad was christened after Mull Husayn and Qudds took up residence in the center.In the next few months, the number of Bbs in Mashhad grew and the Bbyyih became a center of organization for evangelism efforts throughout the region. According to some sources, the Bbyyih may have been set up as early as 1844, but it did not become a center of organization until 1848. There was a great deal of success for the Mull Husayn and Qudds, Bb communities. In the hometown of Mull Husayn, a group of 60 active Bbs had emerged, with thousands turning out to attend his sermons or pray with him. Widespread sympathies among the local clerics seem to have laid the groundwork for the growth of Bbism. After the construction of the Bbyyih, a large number of Bbs gathered in the village of Badasht to seek consensus on the core spiritual beliefs of Bbism. The Conference of Badasht was an event that marked the independence of the Bb religion from Islam and was funded by Bahu'llh.During the weeks before the conference, large numbers of Bbs traveled to Mashhad from around the country, angering city authorities to the extent that Mull Husayn's personal attendant was arrested and publicly tortured in an effort to drive him from the city. The mandate of maintaining the work of the Bbyyih was given to Qudds by the conference. Qudds had to leave the city before he could return because of opposition from secular and religious authorities. Large groups of visitors, along with approximately two hundred Bb men, committed to traveling with him, before he left from Mashhad. New directions were sent to Mull Husayn before they were able to leave the city. The Bb told him that Qudds had been imprisoned in his hometown of Barfurush and ordered him and his friends to help him. In fulfillment of Islamic eschatological predictions, Mull Husayn wore a green turban and led his companions under a black flag.Siyyid Al was granted a new name by the Bb. The granting of a new name was significant because the wearing of a green turban was forbidden in Shia Islam to anyone but a descendant of the Prophet Muhammad. Skirmish in Barfurush Mull <mask> and his two hundred Bb companions departed from Mashhad for Barfurush on July 21, 1848, and gathered additional followers along the way. Twenty members of the party left on the third day after being warned about the danger of their mission to free Qudds. The group marched under a black banner which they raised in reference to the Black Standard, an element of prophecy about the end of days. An armed group of residents led by the chief cleric rejected the march outside the town of Barfurush. The first casualty of the encounter was Siyyid Rid,Mull Husayn's attendant, who was shot in the chest from a distance.After Siyyid Rid's death, Mull Husayn allowed his followers to defend themselves. The narratives of the battle depict Mull Husayn as an almost insurmountable combatant, despite the fact that most sources agree that he was weak and suffered from chronic illness. One popular story from Nabil's Narrative describes him engaging the soldier who shot Siyyid Rid and with a single blow of his sword cutting through the trunk of an intervening tree, the man's musket, and the soldier's body. The Bbis tried to allay criticism from the Prime Minister for failing to defeat an informal militia by sending half of the severed musket to him. A number of poets in Persia wrote about the encounter. The group constructed defensive fortifications at the Shrine of Shaykh Tabarsi after the encounter at Barfurush. The Bbs, numbering a little over 300 according to Bb and Bah sources, were under imminent attack from government forces, yet their numbers swelled to between 540 and 600 people.Clergymen, merchants, craftsmen, and representatives of the landed nobility were all represented by the Bb combatants. The wide array of respondents to the religion of the Bb can be seen in the distribution of urban and rural participants. Unlike at later Bb upheavals where women would play a significant role, all of the participants at Tabarsi were male. Husayn instituted martial order, centralizing food production, construction, and defensive duty. Muhammad-Baqir was appointed as his lieutenant. A wealthy man from a nearby village gave them supplies on their first day at Tabarsi. The makeshift fort attracted a small group of merchants from the region.Bahu'llh visited the gathered Bbs after the completion of the fort and expressed his pleasure with the construction and organization. He suggested that a group of men be sent to Sari to bring Qudds to the fort. Before leaving Bahu'llh consulted with Mull Husayn on some matters of strategy and expressed his desire to return to assist the Bbs. With the consent of the cleric in whose home Qudds was held, seven men were sent to Sari with instructions to return with him. During the mission to retrieve Qudds, Mull Husayn told the Bbs at Tabarsi that Qudds was the commanding officer of the company. Qudds instituted a missionary element to the fort, sending representatives to the villages in the area and attracting a stream of new converts. The chief cleric of Barfurush wrote to the Shah indicating that a rebellion was underway in the area.Naser al-Din Shah Qajar was only 17 when he took up the throne after his father's death. He authorized a government official in Abdu'llh Khn to gather an army and quell the forces gathered at Tabarsi. The fort was besieged by twelve thousand men and their supply of water and food was cut. He provided water for the Bbs and decimating the army's earth fortifications after three days of heavy rain and snow. When Qudds ordered the Bbs to break up his army on the fourth day of the siege, Abdu'llh Khn and his officers took up residence in a nearby village to avoid the weather. The outnumbered Bb's took the army by surprise and pushed them back to the village where Abdu'llh Khn was living, where they engaged and killed every officer of his army. Qudds ordered a retreat.Around 100 of the Shah's horses were captured by the Bbs. Qudds ordered the Bbs to expand the fort after he returned to it. After this point, the fort walls were ten meters tall, with a deep ditch surrounding it, a well for water, and tunnels and storehouses dug underground for refuge and storage. After the defeat of Abdu'llh Khn, the Shah ordered a member of the royal family to destroy the Bbs. The death of the Bbs at Tabarsi, not only on the grounds of alleged rebellion, but also heresy, was ordered by his edict to Mihd-Qul M. He ordered the governor of Amol County, Abbs-Qul Khn, to join his army in Vaskas. He sent envoys to Barfurush and other villages to find out more about the Bbs.The messenger asked Mull Husayn what caused the Bbs to rebel. Mull Husayn repudiated the accusation of rebellion and claimed that they had no intention except to oppose the corruption of the ecclesiastical order of the country through debate and preaching the message of the Bb. Mihd-Qul Mrz and area clerics were invited to visit the fort and hear his arguments before making a decision. The messenger agreed to return the invitation to the prince after he was moved by the Bb cause. The Battle of Vaskas took place three days after the messenger's visit. At least five infantry and cavalry infantry and cavalry infantry and cavalry infantry and cavalry infantry and cavalry infantry and cavalry infantry and cavalry infantry and cavalry infantry and cavalry infantry and cavalry infantry and cavalry infantry and cavalry infantry and cavalry infantry and cavalry infantry and cavalry infantry and cavalry infantry and cavalry infantry and cavalry infantry Qudds ordered the Bb's to meet the Prince's forces before they reached Tabarsi.After the battle, the prince fled the battle and took up residence in a nearby barn. At least two other royal princes died in the attack, and some prisoners held by the princes forces were released. Qudds was injured in the battle. The eradication of the Bbs from the area was taken up by the governor of Amol County. He asked men from other tribes to surround the fort. A more skilled commander than Mihd-Qul Mrz's, he had barricades and cannons set up around the fort, as well as cutting off the water supply of the Bbs. Mull Husayn oversaw the construction of a well inside the fort.On 2 February 1849, he again donned the Bb's green turban, and along with Qudds launched an attack against the forces of Abbs-Qul Khn. Eyewitness accounts say that the war cry of the Bbs was "Y ibu'z-Zamn!" The Bb thrust was successful in sowing confusion in the ranks of Abbs-Qul Khn's troops, and a significant number of their tents and barricades were burnt. In particular, Mull Husayn is recorded running from side to side. Khn compared his martial leadership in the face of overwhelming opposition to that of the Imam, and his ability with the sword, to the ideal swordsman, the Imam Ali. He was brought into the fortress where he and Qudds spoke before he died. His last recorded message was to Qudds, "may my life be a hostage for you."Are you happy with me? The Letter of the Living Muhammad-Baqir was present at the time of his death. He was buried by Qudds in a grave to the south of the shrine, while thirty six other Bbs were buried to the north. Qudds called all Bbs to see Mull Husayn and the other dead as martyrs of exemplary character and bravery. On February 2, 1849, the death of Fort Tabarsi Mull Husayn was reported in a French language newspaper in Turkey. He was buried in the Shrine of Shakyh Tabarsi. Bbs and Bahs regard Mull Husayn as a martyr and as an example of bravery and heroism in the face of opposition.The majority of the Bb fighters are thought to have been killed at Tabarsi. Even though Muhammad-Hasan was supposed to see the shah, he was executed along with Qudds by the clergy. His nephew Muhammad-Baqir was alive until the end of the battle. At some point after the Bb's declaration, his mother and sister converted to Bbism and learned of his death at Tabarsi. The wives and children of men who died at Tabarsi were cared for by them in their home town of Boshruyeh. His family home was destroyed by a mob after his mother's death. She was given the title of Leaf of Paradise by Bahu'llh.There is a special place in Bbism and the Bah Faith for Mull Husayn, who was the first to accept the Bb. He was given the title of Bbu'l-Bb, "Gate of the gate", by the Bb. His expertise as a licensed member of the Shia mujtahidn and a well-regarded disciple of Siyyid Kzim is seen as giving greater weight to his acceptance of the Bb, seemingly confirmation that the Bb fulfilled the traditions of Shia Islam. Bb and Bah thought about the significance of Mull Husayn's role as the first member of the Letters of the Living. The letters of the living did not have specific administrative roles in Bbism, but played a role similar to that of the apostles of Christ: companions of the prophet, refiners of doctrine, and early martyrs. The return of the Shia Infallibles was described in the writings of the Bb and Bahu'llh. Bahs do not see Mull Husayn as a prophet or a Manifestation of God.His raising of the Black Standard prior to the battle of Fort Tabarsi is seen as the fulfillment of Shia eschatological predictions, and further cements his station as an important part of Bb and Baha'i claims of Mahdi-hood for the Bb. The Bb refers to the station known in Shia Islam as the "viceregent" or "silent one", similar to the role of Ali in the time of Muhammad. He is described as the first fruit of the Tree of Islam. In Bb theology, the emergence of the first perfect follower of a religion leads to the emergence of the next religion. In this way, Mull Husayn is seen as the first Bb and the cause of Islam's replacement with Bbism. According to the Bah Writings, Bahu'llh wrote a letter to the sister of Mull Husayn. He plays on the common name of Husayn held by himself, Mull Husayn, and the Imam Husayn, symbolically intermingling their identities and invoking their shared loneliness and suffering in the "path of God".The Glossary of the Kitb-i-qn includes a small biography of Mull

masks: Husayn Husayn


title: Robert Sténuit

texts: He is a Belgian journalist, writer, and underwater archeologist. He became the world's first aquanaut when he spent 24 hours on the floor of the Mediterranean Sea. At the age of seventeen, Sténuit began spelunking. He discovered scuba diving in flooded caves in Belgium. He went on to explore the Caves of Han-sur-Lesse after becoming interested in speleology. The person had a passion for history. At the age of 20, Sténuit left the Free University of Brussels, where he was studying political and diplomatic science, to pursue a career as a lawyer after reading a novel about treasure diving.The Spanish fleet was sunk in 1702 at the Battle of Vigo Bay by English and Dutch warships. He only found modern wrecks. Along with another sunken treasure hunter, the American John Potter, Sténuit worked on a specially-equipped vessel for search and recovery of underwater treasure. After working as a professional diver for the French company SOGETRAM, <mask> became the chief diver for the Man in Sea project. Sténuit was involved in the Man in Sea project, which was the first experiment with an underwater habitat, which was performed at Villefranche-sur-Mer on the Mediterranean. Sténuit breathed a mixture of oxygen and helium while submerged in the cylinder. Link's yacht, the Sea Diver, was used for the experiment.Sténuit remained on the sea floor for over 24 hours. The Reef Diver, the Sea Diver''s launch, was sunk by a mistral during this dive. The cylinder floated back to the surface after a mistral surge because it was still pressurized. During the night of September 7–8, a U.S. Navy boat brought an additional supply of helium, allowing Sténuit to continue to be supplied with it. The second Man in Sea experiment took place in the Berry Islands, a chain in the Bahamas, in the summer of 1964. The two men spent 49 hours underwater at a depth of 432 feet, breathing a mixture of oxygen and helium. Dr. Joseph B. MacInnis was a life support specialist.The Sea Diver crew member and Sténuit's wife, Annie, sustained minor injuries when the end of the air tank blew off. After he developed a case of the bends, Sténuit still had some symptoms in his shoulders and ankles, but these eventually dissipated. The Man in Sea project was taken over by a new company in 1965, but Sténuit remained as a researcher, adviser and development engineer. Ocean Systems established an office in London in 1966. In his spare time, he began researching the wreck of the Spanish galleass Girona, which was found in the North Sea. Henri Delauze was involved with underwater archeology and the search for wrecks. The Group for Underwater Post-Medieval Archaeological Research, or "GRASP", was created in 1968.The inventory of 17 merchant wrecks and a number of warships from the 16th century through the 19th century has been managed by GRASP. The recovery of underwater treasures of the galleass Girona is one of the most important underwater archaeological discoveries. Treasures of the Armada, passim. A Dutch East Indiaman carrying a large quantity of gold and silver coins and bullion wrecked near the Madeira Islands. The wreck of the Witte Leeuw was part of a convoy. <mask> is the author of several books on diving and underwater archeology. He searches for underwater treasures' location and identification in wrecks of ships that belonged to the various East India companies.He continues to direct GRASP with his daughter. <mask>énuit: Lumile tainice n care m-am scufundat (Secret worlds in which I dived). Living people Aquanauts, Belgian archaeologists, Male journalists, Belgian non-fiction writers, and Treasure hunters.

masks:
Robert
Robert Sténuit
Robert St


title: Sef Gonzales

texts: A Filipino Australian man was sentenced to life imprisonment for the 2001 murders of his father, mother, and sister in New South Wales. The New South Wales government made it illegal to not reveal information about the history of a property because of the notoriety surrounding the house where the crimes occurred. The son of a lawyer and his wife was born in 1980 in the Philippines. Clodine was born in 1983. After the 1990 Luzon earthquake destroyed the family's home and business, a new 40-room hotel was built from the rubble and the family moved to Australia. By the late 1990s, Teddy had re qualified as a lawyer, set up a successful law firm specializing in immigration, and purchased a plot of land in North Ryde. The parents of the <mask> family were strict Catholics and had high hopes for their children.They wanted their son to perform well academically, give up his musical and singing ambitions, and go to law school. After graduating from a high school, <mask> went to the University of New South Wales to study medical science. He attended the law school at the university. At risk of expulsion, <mask> tried to cover up his poor performance by faking his grades. The use of his prized car, a green Ford Festiva, was threatened by his parents when he revealed this. His family threatened to disinherit him after he argued with his mother over a girlfriend. Police established that <mask>' desire to inherit the family's assets was one of the reasons he killed his family.On 10 July 2001, at about 4:00p.m., <mask> left the family's law firm, where he worked part-time, and headed to the family home. He entered Clodine's bedroom around 4:30p.m. armed with a baseball bat from his car and two kitchen knives from a knife block in the kitchen. He tried to choke her, struck her head with a bat at least six times, and stabbed her multiple times with smaller knives. The cause of Clodine's death was compression of her neck, blunt force head injuries, and abdominal stab wounds. <mask> waited until Loiva came home. After entering the house, he attacked her with one of the kitchen knives in the living/dining room, causing multiple stab wounds and cuts to her face, neck, chest and abdomen. Her windpipe was completely severed.The house was visited by <mask>'s maternal aunt. The house was dark and quiet despite the fact that the family kept six small dogs inside. She decided not to enter the house through the garage and left with her son. Teddy arrived home at 6:30p.m. After entering the house, <mask> attacked him with one of the kitchen knives and inflicted multiple stab wounds to his neck, chest, back and abdomen. He had stab wounds to his lung, heart, and spine. Teddy had defensive wounds that suggested there was a struggle.The weapons and clothing that were used in the murders of his family were destroyed. He spray painted the words "Fuck off Asians" on a wall in the house in an attempt to fool police into thinking his family had been the victims of a hate crime. He arrived at a friend's house about 8:00p.m. The two went to the central business district where they ate at Planet Hollywood. After dropping his friend off, he came home. At 11:48p.m., he called emergency services. He said he had found the bodies.He ran to his neighbours' house and told them that his parents had been shot. In the days after the murders, <mask> appeared on television asking for the killers to come forward and offering a $100,000 reward. A few days after the murder, <mask> visited the family's accountant to inquire about his inheritance, which is estimated to be A$ 1.5 million in Australia and 1.3 million in The Philippines. He was able to get a A$15,000Payout as an apparent victim of crime. He told the dealership he would use his inheritance to pay for the Lexus and put a deposit on it. He pawned his mother's jewellery and traded in his parents' cars. He told his relatives that he had a brain tumour and asked his godmother in the Philippines for $200,000 for the surgery, but she did not give him any money.He sang "One Sweet Day" at the combined family funeral, which some attendees found odd. The murders were assumed to be part of a robbery attempt based on the initial evidence. Despite some superficial ransacking, nothing of value was missing, including the cash in the victims' possession. It was decided that it was unlikely that thieves would stay in the house for that long. Police began to suspect that he was involved after they noticed an emotional detachment and many inconsistencies in his story. A shoe box in his room matched the shoes used in the attack, and his clothes were found to have the same paint used to spray graffiti. The internet records were searched, his phone calls were recorded, and he was befriended by an undercover policeman.In December 2001, police were able to disprove the first alibi, that he waited in his car in the driveway before driving to another suburb and meeting his friend on the night of the murders. The taxi driver and sex worker who claimed to have driven him to the brothel were both discredited by the second alibi. The fake e-mail that implicated a business rival of Teddy in the murders was one of the false trails. A breakthrough came when a series of product poisoning letters matched address searches on his personal computer. His research into poisons, the ordering of toxic-plant seeds, and recent unexplained poisoning-like illnesses in his family were all indicated by other evidence. On 13 June 2002, detectives from Strike Force Tawas made an arrest. He was charged with three counts of murder and one count of threatening product contamination.He was held in the Silverwater Correctional Centre after being refused bail. He sought legal aid for the murder trial which took place in April and May 2004, but was denied access to the family's estate. The trial showed that Gonzales had planned the murders for months. One week before the killings, he researched the idea of poisoning his family. According to the court, there were many lies told to his friends, family and police regarding his location at the time of the murders. He committed the murders because he was afraid that his parents would take his car away from him, and that he wanted to be the sole beneficiary of his parents. On May 20, 2004, <mask> was found guilty of all four charges.He was sentenced to three concurrent life sentences without parole for the murders. According to Justice Bruce James, the murders show features of very great heinousness and that there are no facts to mitigate the seriousness of the murders, so they fall within the worst category of cases of murder at common law. The approval to appeal was granted in June of 2007. The Supreme Court decided that statements made to the police on the night of the murders may be used as evidence. On November 27, 2007, the appeal was dismissed because there had been no wrongful conviction. In March 2021, he failed in his third attempt to get a special inquiry into his convictions. He had previous applications for a special inquiry dismissed.The house located at 6 Collins Street in North Ryde was put on the market shortly after the murders but it was unsold for three years. In October 2004, prospective buyers from Taiwan agreed to purchase the property, sparking controversy. They didn't know about the events that took place there until they found out from a newspaper. The buyers' $80,000 deposit was returned due to the bad publicity caused by the sale. The company was fined by the Office of Fair Trading. It is now illegal to fail to disclose information that could have a substantial impact on the value of a property. The house was sold for A$720,000 in November 2005, less than the previous price, to a buyer who was informed of its history.The case of the Lin family murders is similar to the case of Bart Whitaker, a man who ordered a hit on his family after faking attending a university.

masks: Gonzales Gonzales Gonzales Gonzales Gonzales Gonzales Gonzales Gonzales Gonzales Gonzales Gonzales


title: Jacobie Adriaanse

texts: <mask> is a former South African rugby union player that played first class rugby between 2008 and 2019. The tighthead prop is his regular position. From Under-12 level in 1997 to Under-16 level in 2001, <mask> was a rugby player for the Western Cape side. He was part of the Western Province's Under-18 team that won the main match at the 2002 event in Pietermaritzburg and was also included in a South Africa Under-19 training squad after the tournament. Despite being in the Under-18 age group, <mask> made the cut for the final South African Under-19 squad that played at the 2003 Under-19 Rugby World Championship held in Paris. South Africa beat New Zealand in the final of the tournament. He was once again included in the Western Province's Under 18 Craven Week squad that played in Wellington in 2003 after returning to South Africa.He helped Western Province win the unofficial final of the competition for the second season in a row, and was included in a South African Schools Academy side that was named at the conclusion of the tournament and played one match against a France Under-18 side. The final squad for the 2004 Under-19 Rugby World Championship was made up of <mask>, who was selected in the South African Under-19 training group in 2003 and 2004. After losing to New Zealand in the semifinals, the team bounced back to beat England in the third-place play-off. <mask> was a member of the Western Province team that competed in the Under-20 Provincial Championship. <mask> played club rugby for Stellenbosch University between 2005 and 2008 while he was in the Under-21 Provincial Championship. He was included in a training squad for the South Africa Under-21 team in January 2006 but failed to make the final squad that played at the 2006 Under-21 Rugby World Championship. He was in the squad for the Vodacom Cup, but didn't play in it.The first edition of the Varsity Cup was held in 2008. Maties was crowned the first champion of the competition after beating Western Cape rivals in the final. <mask> was once again included in the Western Province squad for the Vodacom Cup, but didn't play in any of the matches. <mask> was part of the Emerging Springboks squad that played in the 2008 IRB Nations Cup. He came on as a replacement in the first match of the competition, but didn't play in the other two matches. <mask> joined the Wellington-based side after returning from the 2008 IRB Nations Cup. He made his first class debut when he came on as a replacement in a 10–26 defeat to the on 19 July 2008.He played off the bench in the next two matches. After a 19–69 defeat to the Blue Bulls, he was promoted to the starting line-up for the next match. The first place team in the eight-team competition will play the second place team in the play-offs. In the first leg, Adriaanse won 54–15, and in the second leg, they lost 42–50, but still retained their status in the league. Adriaanse was the first choice tighthead prop for the Currie Cup, starting eleven of their fourteen matches in the competition and appearing as a replacement on one occasion. Despite winning their first match of the season against the, they lost their remaining thirteen matches to finish bottom of the log, once again being required to play in a play-off series. Despite winning the first leg 36–35 in Wellington, Adriaanse lost the second leg 3–40 in Witbank to be demoted to the First Division for 2010.Adriaanse moved to Kimberley on a one-year contract to join the Griquas after they were demoted to the First Division. <mask> made his Griquas debut in the opening round of the Vodacom Cup, despite being in the squad for the previous three seasons. Griquas qualified for the title play-offs after finishing third in the Northern Section, but they lost to a side in the quarter final. He played in a compulsory friendly match against the in George before making thirteen appearances in the competition proper. He made his Currie Cup debut for Griquas as a replacement in a 40–34 victory over the side a fortnight later. Adriaanse scored the first try of his career in that match, helping Griquas to a 26–20 victory. Griquas finished in sixth position on the log, with Adriaanse making six starts and seven appearances as a replacement.At the conclusion of his one-year deal with Griquas, <mask> was on the move again. He started the first match of their Vodacom Cup season against his former side in an 18–all draw, as well as their next three matches against Argentine side, another former side and the, but was promoted to their affiliated Super Rugby side. He made his Super Rugby debut as a replacement in their 23–30 defeat to trans-Jukskei rivals. His first match in the competition was a 19–33 defeat to the and he played off the bench. He returned to the Super Rugby side for four substitute appearances after the Vodacom Cup quarter final defeat. During their tour of Australasia, they played against the and one against the after returning to South Africa. Adriaanse played in all fourteen of the Golden Lions' matches during the Currie Cup Premier Division competition, starting the first five, dropping to the replacement bench for their next eight matches, and returning to the starting line-up for their final match.The Golden Lions won ten of their matches and finished top of the log. <mask> scored one try in his career, but he scored three tries to help his team qualify for the play-offs. He appeared as a replacement in the semi-final, but didn't play in the final, which the Golden Lions won 42–16. <mask> appeared for both the in Super Rugby and the Vodacom Cup. The Lions lost their Super Rugby status after he made four starts and three substitute appearances, but his performances weren't enough to prevent them from finishing bottom of the log. The Golden Lions finished in the top four of the Northern Section to qualify for the play-offs, and he started in their quarter final match, which they lost 34–58 to be eliminated from the competition. He made eight appearances in the round-robin stage of the 2012 Currie Cup, but once again lost to Western Province in the play-offs as the side from Cape Town won 21–16.Adriaanse signed for Welsh Pro12 side Scarlets on a three-year deal after his final match in a Golden Lions shirt. In the First Round of the 2012–13 Anglo-Welsh Cup, he made his debut for the Scarlets. He made his home debut for his new side a week later against the Cardiff Blues in the same competition. He made his first appearance in the 2012–13 Pro12 competition on November 25, 2012 as he helped the Scarlets get their first-ever victory over Munster. He made ten appearances in the competition, the last of which was a semi-final against Ulster, which the Scarlets lost 17–28 to be knocked out of the competition. In addition to one more appearance in the Anglo-Welsh Cup, Adriaanse also played in three matches in the 2012–13 Heineken Cup. Adriaanse was in all three competition during the season.In the Pro12 competition, he played in thirteen matches as the Scarlets failed to match their previous season's results. They won two and drew one of their six matches in the Heineken Cup, a far better record than the one they had in the previous season. He made two appearances in the Anglo-Welsh Cup, with the Scarlets losing two of their four matches. He made eleven appearances in the Pro12 for the Scarlets, but only started one against Glasgow Warriors. He made two appearances in the Anglo-Welsh Cup and was used as a replacement on one occasion. He made one appearance for Llandovery and two appearances for Carmarthen Quins due to lack of game time for the Scarlets. During his time in Wales, <mask> never scored a try, despite making 51 appearances for the side.After playing his final match for the Scarlets, it was announced that <mask> would join Montpellier. He signed a short-term deal to provide cover for the senior team during the Rugby World Cup. He replaced fellow South African Pat Cilliers in three Montpellier matches during the Top 14 season. Prior to the 2016 Super Rugby season, Kings Adriaanse returned to South Africa to join the Port Elizabeth-based. After one season at the Kings, Adriaanse moved to the Bulls. Statistics Personal life Adriaanse is the older brother of a South African international prop. Rugby union players from South Africa are referred to as living people, Afrikaner people are referred to as sports people, and Dutch people are referred to as expatriate rugby union players.

masks:
Jacobus Adriaanse
Youth Adriaanse
Adriaanse
Adriaanse
Adriaanse
Adriaanse
Adriaanse
Adriaanse
Adriaanse
Adriaanse
Adriaanse
Adriaanse
Adriaanse
Adriaanse
Adriaanse


title: Antonio Daniels

texts: <mask> is an American retired professional basketball player who played 13 seasons in the NBA. He is the television color analyst for the New Orleans Pelicans on Bally Sports New Orleans. He played college basketball at Bowling Green. He was named the freshman of the year in 1994. He was named the MAC Player of the Year in 1997 and helped the Falcons win the regular-season title. He finished his career second on the Bowling Green career scoring chart with 1,789 points, ranking 10th in MAC history at the time. <mask> was the fourth overall pick of the 1997 NBA draft and played college basketball at Bowling Green.On June 24, 1998, he was traded to the San Antonio Spurs. He helped the Spurs win an NBA title. On August 5, 2002, <mask> and Spurs teammates Charles Smith and Amal McCaskill were traded to the Portland Trail Blazers in exchange for Steve Kerr and a second-round pick in the 2003 NBA draft. He joined the Seattle SuperSonics as a free agent. He signed with the Wizards after his time with the Sonics ended. He was sent to the New Orleans Hornets in a three-team trade with the Washington Wizards and the Memphis Grizzlies. On September 9, 2009, he was traded to the Dallas Mavericks along with a second round pick and Bobby Brown.<mask> agreed to a contract buyout on September 24, 2009. <mask> was selected in the second round of the NBA Development League draft. The Philadelphia 76ers signed <mask> to a 10-day contract on April 5, 2011. He came back for the next season. On October 22, 2015, <mask> was named as an analyst for Fox Sports Oklahoma. <mask> was named the television color analyst for Fox Sports New Orleans on June 27, 2019.

masks:
Antonio Robert Daniels
Daniels
Daniels
Daniels
Daniels
Daniels
Daniels
Daniels


title: Renee Paquette

texts: <mask> is a Canadian-American television host and personality. She is best known for her time in World Wrestling Entertainment between 2012 and 2020 where she served as a commentator, presenter, and interviewer before eventually doing backstage interviews and color commentary on the Raw brand under the ring name <mask>. Young was a main cast member on the reality television series Total Divas. She was a sportscaster for The Score Television Network. On September 19, 1985, <mask> was born in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. She was 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 800-273-3217 After moving to Los Angeles to pursue a career as a comedy actress, she moved back to Toronto to try out for films, music videos, and commercials.She became interested in broadcasting after becoming frustrated with her lack of acting opportunities. Paquette began working for The Score Television Network in 2009 on a program called Right After Wrestling, later renamed Aftermath, where she presented alongside broadcasters Arda Ocal and Mauro Ranallo as well as former WWE referee Jimmy Korderas. Paquette signed with the American professional wrestling promotion WWE in October 2012 and initially chose the ring name <mask>, a nod to Neil Young. She co-hosted the 2012 Survivor Series pre-show with Scott Stanford. Young made his debut as a backstage interviewer on the January 23, 2013 episode of NXT. She began doing interviews for WWE Active in February. On the March 29 episode, <mask> interviewed Randy, Big Show, and Sheamus.Young began co-hosting the World Tour segments, which was a segment detailing the city they were filming in, showcasing various tourist attractions, before later being promoted as a third main presenter on the JBL and Cole Show, which was shown on YouTube and WWE's website until its cancellation in June It won a Slammy Award for Favorite Web Show. The WWE Vintage Collection was presented by her. Young made her commentary debut on the show. She became a full-time color commentator on NXT for several months after performing color commentary during women's matches. Young was the first full-time female commentator in more than a decade when she worked on Superstars from July 3 to January 9, 2015. In April 2015, Young began hosting her own show on the WWE Network.Young co-hosted the sixth season of Tough Enough with Chris Jericho. On the December 20, 2016 episode of SmackDown, Young had an interview with Intercontinental Champion The Miz. After Young asked Miz about his "obsession" with Dean Ambrose, she slapped him because he revealed Young and Ambrose's real-life relationship. Maryse, The Miz's real-life wife, confronted Young backstage on December 27. Maryse was fined for hitting Young the following week. She was the first woman to call an entire episode of Raw when she filled in for Jonathan Coachman. Young became the first permanent female commentator on the program when she joined the commentary team full-time.Young co-hosted the new studio program WWE Backstage on Fox Sports 1 with Booker T on November 1, as Michael Cole and Corey Graves missed the episode due to travel delays. At SummerSlam in August 2020, Young stated that the event would be her last appearance with the company. Young said that she left the company because she felt that she had accomplished everything in the company. <mask>, as <mask>, returned for a special pre-show on Friday, October 16, co-hosting with Booker T as part of the celebration of season two of SmackDown on Fox. Paquette made a special appearance on the return of WWE Backstage, for the January 30, 2021, episode, promoting the upcoming Royal Rumble, with her returning co- hosts. In addition to the audio episodes, she created her own YouTube channel with video clips and full episodes under the name of <mask>. Throwing Down with <mask> and Miesha was a show she hosted with former Strikeforce and UFC Women's Bantamweight Champion Miesha Tate.Before joining The Score, Paquette worked for BiteTV, where she presented a show about extreme sports and music. She had a part in a Tom Green music video. She was in the music video for Kelly Clarkson's 2005 song "Behind These Hazel Eyes". She did a photo shoot for a magazine. Paquette was a main cast member for the sixth season of Total Divas. She appeared in several episodes on a regular basis. Regular Girls was hosted by her.Jonathan Good, better known as Jon Moxley and formerly Dean Ambrose, is an American professional wrestler. In the early hours of April 9, they were married at their Las Vegas home. <mask> and Good announced in November of 2020 that they were expecting a child. Their daughter was born in June of 2021. Paquette is a fan of the Golden Knights. She said that she was a wrestling fan in both her childhood and adulthood. My dad is a concert promoter.It's funny to me that I ended up here because I met Stone Cold Steve Austin, Triple H, and Chyna when I was a kid. I wanted to be a wrestler, but I went on a different path. <mask> became an American citizen in March of 2021. In May, she released her cookbook, "Messaging in the Kitchen: My Guide to Eating Deliciously, Hosting Fabulously and Sipping Copiously." The WWE Slammy Award for Favorite Web Show of the Year was presented to Michael Cole and John "Bradshaw" Layfield.

masks:
Renee Jane Paquette
Renee Young
Renee Jane Paquette
Renee Young
Renee
Paquette
Renee Young
Renee Paquette
Renee
Paquette
Paquette


title: Mordechai Tsanin

texts: A leading figure in post-war Yiddish Israeli culture, <mask> was a Yiddish language author, journalist and lexicographer. The town of Sokow Podlaski in the Russian Empire was where <mask> was born. While his mother worked in the family home, his father was writing petitions to the government on behalf of private citizens. The elementary and high schools of traditional Jewish education were where his formal education began. He began secular studies at a Polish gymnasium when the family relocated to Warsaw in 1921. He was a member of the Bund, a Jewish Socialist party. He took a dim view of the Zionist enterprise, as he told an interviewer many years later, "Heint and Moment were for me, treif; they were Zionist."During World War II, he served in the Polish army. He returned to Warsaw after Poland was defeated. From where he saw his family off to Palestine, he fled toLithuania. He obtained a Japanese visa after staying inLithuania through the Soviet takeover. He went from Japan to China, then to India, then to Egypt, and finally to Mandatory Palestine. In 1947, <mask> returned to Poland on a year-long fact-finding mission as a correspondent for the New York Yiddish daily Forward. He found that it was published in the Forward, re-posted in every major Yiddish newspaper worldwide, and finally collected in a book.The Polish authorities expressed their displeasure with the emphasis on the negative and forced him to leave the country. In Tel Aviv, where he lived for the rest of his life, he was active in civic affairs. He co-founded the center for everything Yiddish in Tel Aviv and the headquarters for the Israeli association of Yiddish journalists. The association of Yiddish journalists was headed by <mask> for many years. His first published works were mostly short stories and journalism. The periodicals were included in his outlets. He edited a book review insert.After seven years in Israel, he founded a Yiddish weekly. The publication for which he is best-known ran until October 1949. This started as a weekly and went to daily in 1957. In 1960, financial difficulties led to the sale of Lezte Neies to a news conglomerate owned by the Mapai party. One theory for why he sold Lezte Neies to Mapai was that he knew that his ideas would stir up party operatives, which would force them to think about his ideas. Despite political differences with Mapai and its successor, the Labor Party, <mask> remained editor-in-chief until his retirement from journalism in 1977. In the same way as Lezte Neies, Tsanin founded (, ), a magazine covering news, the arts, theater, movies and fashion.It was named for him to take advantage of his fame. This was open from 1968 to 1975. After the retirement of <mask>, Lezte Neies succumbed to the decline in the population of Yiddish speakers in Israel. Books <mask>'s first book was published in Poland in 1935. It was a collection of stories. His first novel was published two years later. The lion's share of his books have been translated to English, Hebrew and French, but they are only available in the original Yiddish.His post-war mission to Poland has been noted. The story of his long war-time flight through the USSR, the Far East, India, Egypt and finally to Israel is one of his other books. An epic six-volume work that follows the eponymous hero's family through the Jewish people's 1900-year exile is his biggest literary work. The library at the University of California, Berkeley has nine different books. Novels, reflections on the condition of the Jewish people, collected essays, and a dictionary are included. Modern Hebrew usage is reflected in the first Yiddish-Hebrew dictionary. The reviews have been mixed.One reviewer said that the author was a journalist and not a linguist, and his dictionary reflected that fact: each entry and its translation, nothing more. The reviewer has little to say about the dictionaries. Russian, Yiddish and Hebrew competed for the loyalty of modernizing Jews in Eastern Europe at the beginning of the twentieth century. The establishment of the State of Israel made establishing Hebrew among the many new immigrants a top priority. Yiddish was seen as a threat to the nation's unity, and the early Israeli state's uncertain commitment to press freedom provided a tool. When he wanted to convert Lezte Neies from a weekly to a daily, he had to apply with the government. Permission was granted to go to a three-day-a week format, but no further.Lezte Neies was published on alternate days and a second thrice-weekly newspaper was established by Tsanin. Lezte Neies was approved for daily format in 1957. The government's attitude to Yiddish would not be described as uniformly hostile. Newly arrived Yiddish-speaking soldiers were given copies of the first magazine by the Israeli army. After only three months, the army canceled the subscription. The establishment and Tsanin had a dispute in 1964. Lezte Neies was owned by a subsidiary of Mapai, which was a leading force in the battle against Yiddish.The government's policy of discouraging Yiddish theater was one of the things that <mask> had to complain about, but he toned it down in order to keep his job. A group of party functionaries felt that <mask>'s fulsome praise of Yiddish and the Eastern European Jewish culture that went with it went too far at suggesting an invidious comparison to the heritage of Jews from North Africa and the Middle East. The prime minister, David Ben-Gurion, said that the editor of the Lezte Neies paper was once an anti-Zionist. It was not implausible for Ben Gurion's accusation to be true. Nonetheless, he kept his job. The government became more tolerant of Yiddish. "<mask> symbolized Yiddish in the Jewish state, and the authorities' attitude to him was always an indication of its attitude to the Yiddish language," said Yitzhak Luden.Jewish people of Polish-Jewish descent, as well as centenarians and Yiddish-language journalists, are buried at Nahalat Yitzhak Cemetery.

masks:
Mordechai Tsanin
Mordechai Yeshayahu Cukierman
Tsanin
Tsanin
Tsanin
Tsanin
Tsanin
Tsanin
Tsanin
Tsanin


title: William I, Elector of Hesse

texts: Princess Mary of Great Britain was the daughter of George II and <mask> I was the eldest surviving son of Frederick II. On June 3, 1743, Prince <mask> was born in Kassel, capital of the Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel in the Holy Roman Empire. He was the second son of Prince Frederick of Hesse-Kassel and his wife Princess Mary of Great Britain. Hopes were high for the future of the new heir apparent due to the fact that <mask> had died in infancy. Prince Charles and Prince Frederick were his brothers. Frederick abandoned the family in 1747 and converted to Catholicism in 1749. He canceled his marriage in 1755.Landgrave <mask> gave the newly acquired county of Hanau to his daughter-in-law and grandsons. Under his mother's regency, <mask> became the reigning prince of Hanau. The prince and his brothers lived with their mother. From 1747 to 1747, they were supported by Protestant relatives. Mary's sister, Louise of Great Britain, died in 1751. Wilhelmina was the second surviving daughter of Frederick V ofDenmark and Norway and was married to <mask> on 1 September 1764. They were married at Christiansborg Palace and lived there for two decades.When <mask> conquered the landgraviate, they moved to Kassel. <mask> received the Principality of Hanau south of the Hessian territories as successor to his father's princes. The Hanau people didn't want a Catholic ruler. Princess Louise was one of <mask>'s first cousins. <mask> IX became Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel after his father's death. One of the largest fortunes in Europe was said to have been inherited by him. There was help in managing <mask>'s estate.He hired Rothschild to supervise his properties and tax-gathering. The wealth of <mask>'s estate provided a good living for Rothschild and he founded the Rothschild family dynasty, which became important in financing and banking in Europe. <mask> did not formally designate Rothschild as his overseer until 1802. Financial intelligence and the wealth of <mask> made a difference in the early fortunes of the Rothschild family. <mask> hid his fortune from Napoleon. The money was used to fund the British movements through Portugal and Spain. The barons used it to quickly develop their fortune and prestige in Europe and Britain.Their wealth was more than <mask>'s. Landgrave <mask> was created as the Prince-Elector of Hesse. The Kingdom of Westphalia was ruled by Napoleon's brother, Jérme Bonaparte. <mask> and his family lived in exile until the French were kicked out of Germany. <mask> was restored after the defeat of the Napoleonic armies. He was a member of the Tugendbund, a quasi-Masonic secret society. <mask> was one of several prince-electors of the Holy Roman Empire who were recognized as kings at the Congress of Vienna.The European powers refused to recognize this title at the Congress of Aix-la-Chapelle and instead gave him the grand ducal style of "Royal Highness." <mask> was given the title of Prince-Elector to be superior in dignity to the Grand Duke, even though there wasn't a Holy Roman Emperor to choose. Prussia annexed Hesse-Kassel in 1866. He ruled until his death. <mask> succeeded his father. He had four children with his wife Wilhelmina, including Marie Friederike, who was married to Alexius Frederick Christian, Duke of Anhalt-Bernburg. Friedrich (8 August 1772 to 20 July 1784), his successor, had several mistresses and fathered over twenty illegitimate children and provided some financial means to each of them.Charlotte von Stockhausen married Karl of Heimrod in 1803 and they had 7 children. Friedrich of Heimrod was born. He had at least one son. They had two children with his mistress,Rosa Dorothea Ritter. They had two children. In 1818, no known issue survived to adulthood after the marriage of thirdly married thirdly married thirdly married thirdly married thirdly married thirdly married thirdly married thirdly married thirdly married thirdly married thirdly married thirdly married thirdly married thirdly married thirdly married They had three daughters.They had 3 children and married in 1808. They had two children with Philipp Ludwig of Haynau. They had 9 children with Karl Frhr von Hanstein. They had 2 daughters, and married in 1809. They had one son, and were married in 1805. Theresia Weber von Treuenfels and Julius Friedrich Ludwig had one daughter. Otto of Hanau and his mistress Karoline von Schlotheim married in 1820.Auguste von Pckler was married to Ludwig Karl of Hessenstein. They had 3 children and were married in 1824. Luise von dem Bussche-Hnnefeld was married to a man who had one son. They had 2 sons. Friedrich Ludwig and Karl von Stenglin had 6 children. There are stillborn child, stillborn child, stillborn child, stillborn child, stillborn child, stillborn child, stillborn child, stillborn child, stillborn child, stillborn child, stillborn child, stillborn child, stillborn child, stillborn child,

masks:
William
William
William
William
William
William
William
William
William
William
William
William
William IX
Prince William
William
William
William
William
William
William
William
William


title: Gaston Rivero

texts: <mask> was born in February 1978 and is an American opera singer. He is a winner of the Hans Gabor Belvedere Singing Competition in Vienna 2009, and has appeared in many opera houses. <mask> was born in Uruguay and raised in Argentina. Carlos Gardel, the most prominent figure in the history of tango, was born in the Abasto district of Balvanera where the central fruit and vegetable market was located. <mask> studied music and worked as an assistant for lawyers. After arriving in New York City, <mask> received his education. Several teachers and coaches from the Manhattan School of Music gave training to Rivero.He received grands from a number of institutions during his studies, including the Opera Orchestra of New York, the Opera Foundation, and the Metropolitan Opera National Council. Mr. <mask> collaborated with many renowned musicians during his career. He made his international stage debut in 2002 when he was selected for a production of La Bohme on Broadway. At Carnegie Hall in New York City, <mask> made his solo concert debut. Mr. <mask> has represented the lead roles from the most demanding Italian Opera repertory in over 1000 performances while guesting worldwide. He made his European debut in Madame Butterfly in 2005, playing B.F. Pinkerton. I worked with the Israel Philharmonic in Jerusalem and Tel Aviv to perform the role of Alfredo Verdi.In 2010 he made his debut in Aida and Manrico. His roles include Don Jose in Carmen atDeutsche Oper Berlin, the title role in Don Carlo at the Staatsoper Berlin, the Opéra National du Rhin, and the Hungarian State Opera Budapest. Mr. <mask> works with schools and hospitals around the world to introduce children to Opera, as well as sponsoring concerts for young talents and skilled professionals in renowned venues such as Carnegie Hall and the Konzerthaus. The winner of the Lang Lang piano Competition in Berlin is one of his students. <mask> became a member of the voice teachers team in Perleberg, Germany, in 2021. The prestigious position allow Mr. Rivero to join a passionate community of mentors preparing emerging opera singers for professional work while sharing with them essential expertise, experience, support, and motivation for a lasting professional career in Opera. <mask> is an actor, opera singer, producer, composer and music consultant.The role of Manrico was played by <mask> in the DVD of Il Trovatore by Plcido Domingo, Anna Netrebko and Daniel Barenboim. He has worked with many different film-makers.

masks:
Gaston Rivero
Rivero
Rivero
Rivero
Rivero
Rivero
Rivero
Rivero
Gaston Rivero
Rivero
Rivero


title: Benjamin Bell

texts: <mask> is believed to be the first Scottish scientific surgeon. He is often referred to as the father of the Edinburgh school of surgery. His surgical textbook A System of Surgery was a best seller in Europe and America. The hypothesis that gonorrhea and syphilis were different diseases was not accepted by mainstream medicine until many decades later. Improved rates of wound healing in operations like mastectomy and limb amputation can be attributed to <mask>'s adage'save skin'. He was an advocate of pain relief during surgery. <mask> was the oldest child in a family of 15 and was born in September 1749.<mask> farmed a mile south of the village of Canonbie. <mask> was involved in a number of business ventures which met with mixed success. <mask> was able to take time away from his surgical practice to write a major textbook because of his modest wealth. Towards the end of his life, the family tradition in agriculture was to return. Blackett House was sold to fund the education of the family. <mask>'s early education was at a school. He studied medicine at Edinburgh University under some of the most inspiring medical teachers of the day, including Alexander Monro Secundus.He worked in the surgical wards of the Edinburgh Royal Infirmary for 2 years before becoming the surgeons' clerk. He wrote to his father that he would have been happy to stay in Edinburgh if he had a career as a doctor. After passing the necessary exams, he was elected a freeman surgeon-theapocary of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh. <mask> was in London in 1772 and wrote to Dr. Cullen thanking him for his letter of introduction to John Hunter. He visited and observed the London surgeon, Percivall Pott. <mask>'s interest in science can be seen in his description of a lecture he attended. <mask> noted from the lecture that "air can be spoiled by one or more animals breathing it in a confined space and become unsuitable for purposes of life."<mask> was a surgeon at the Infirmary for eighteen years, which was an unusual length of time. James Gregory is the most influential member of the Board of Management and he may have been the reason for this. The Royal College of Surgeons was under pressure from younger members to make shorter appointments so that more junior surgeons could gain experience. At that time, now well established in practice, <mask> was content to step down, but he wrote to the College setting out the case for permanent appointments to the Infirmary rotation, a view which had been promoted by Gregory. None of the members of the Royal College of Surgeons supported <mask>'s proposal. <mask>, a successful teacher of anatomy in his own extramural school and an accomplished Edinburgh surgeon (but not related to <mask>), failed to gain appointment to the Infirmary rota, and began to campaign against what he saw as the injustice of the system. He wrote about Gregory's views and brought the Bells, <mask> and John into conflict.<mask> was subjected to a lot of criticism because of this feud. <mask> was forced to take a break from surgical practice for two years after he fell from his horse. He was able to do this without financial concerns because of his wealthy background. Liberton Farm is two miles south of the centre of Edinburgh and is where he took the lease to further develop his interest in farming. The president of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh was going to be <mask>'s partner in practice. He formed a surgical partnership with James Russell and Andrew Wardrop. <mask>, Wardop and Russell were the leading surgical practice in Scotland.<mask> was more employed than any surgeon in Scotland, according to Wardrop. John Campbell suggested that no one could die contented without having consulted <mask>. <mask> was a founding member of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. He died at Newington House. He is buried in the south-eastern corner of Canongate Churchyard in Edinburgh. <mask> is thought to be the first Scottish scientific surgeon. His textbook A System of Surgery was the basis of his reputation.He can be considered a'scientific' surgeon because of his rational thought processes, which can be seen in his Treatise on Gonorrhoea virulenta and Lues venerea. The Theory and Management of Ulcers is one of the classics of the 18th-century. The System appeared in six volumes. It went on to Italian, French, Spanish, German, and three American editions. It was popular because it was comprehensive, made use of up-to-date published material from all over Europe, and because of <mask>'s reputation as a surgeon. To alleviate the misery of those who are obliged to submit to dangerous operations, <mask> advocated the use of opium. James Moore was credited by <mask> with developing a way to provide analgesia for amputation.During his two-year break from surgery after his accident, Farming <mask> rented a farm two miles from central Edinburgh, and his interest in the subject was revived. He wrote to his father a lot. <mask> bought the lands of Newington in South Edinburgh in the 18th century and was responsible for the development of the area. He built Newington House for himself. Blacket Avenue and Middleby Street are named after the localities of <mask>'s youth, although the house was demolished in 1966. James Graham was commissioned by <mask> FRSE to prepare plans for housing and the subdivision of the land into plots. He lived on the Royal Mile before he married.Grizel Hamilton was the daughter of the Very Rev Prof Robert Hamilton FRSE. He lived in a nice house on Old Assembly Close. <mask> was the progenitor of one of the great Edinburgh surgical dynasties. <mask>, Joseph, and Joseph were all presidents of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh. The official surgeon to H.M. King George IV was <mask>. <mask> was known for his ability to observe minute details and was known for his diagnostic abilities. This inspired a young Edinburgh medical student to write a novel about a fictional detective.Kirkup, J '<mask>, <mask> (1749–1806)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004, online edn, May 2006 References External links 1749 births 1806 deaths People from 18th-century Scottish medical doctors

masks:
Benjamin Bell
Bell
Benjamin Bell
George Bell
George Bell
Benjamin
Benjamin
Bell
Bell
Bell
Bell
Bell
Bell
John Bell
Benjamin Bell
Benjamin
Benjamin Bell
Bell
Bell
Bell
Bell
Benjamin Bell
Benjamin Bell
Benjamin Bell
Bell
Bell
Bell
Bell
Bell
Bell
George Bell
Dynasty Bell
Benjamin
George Bell
Joseph Bell
Bell
Benjamin